Morphology and Evolution of : Structure of Central Nervous Systems, Mandibles and Sensilla

DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) an der Fakultat fur Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Miinchen

Vorgelegt von HANNES GEISELBRECHT

Miinchen 2014

http://d-nb.info/1058456725 Table of contents Erklarung & Eidesstattliche Erklarung II

List of publications III

Declaration of author's contribution IX

Table of contents V

1. Zusammenfassung (Deutsch) / Summary 1

2. General introduction 6

2.1. Introduction to and 6

2.2. Phylogeny of Malacostraca 8

2.3. History of larval research 11

2.4. General morphology and ontogeny 12

2.5. The bearing of larval morphology on decapod phylogeny 13

3. Aims of the thesis 14

3.1. Background and general approach 14

3.2. Larval nervous systems in 3D 16

3.3. Mandible development in elegans 17

3.4. Fine- and ultrastructure of mandibles in Decapoda and Peracarida 18

3.4.1. The fine- and ultrastructure of a decapod larval mandible 19

3.4.2. The fine- and ultrastructure of a peracarid mandible 19

3.5. Specimen collection and methodological background 21

4. Paper I 24

Geiselbrecht, H., Melzer, R.R., 2013. Nervous systems in 3D: A comparison of caridean. anomuran. and brachyuran zoea-I (DECAPODA). Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 320. 511- 524.

V 5. Paper II 39

Batel., A.. Melzer, R.R., Anger. K., Geiselbrecht, H., 2014. Heterochrony in mandible development of larval shrimp (Decapoda: ) - a comparative morphological SEM study of two carideans. Journal of Morphology (under review)

6. Paper III 68

Geiselbrecht. H., Melzer, R.R., 2013. How do mandibles sense? The sensory apparatus of larval mandibles in Rathke. 1837 (DECAPODA. ). Structure & Development 42. 1-16.

7. Paper IV 85

Geiselbrecht. H., Melzer. R.R., 2014. Fine structure and ecdysis of mandibular sensilla associated with the lacinia mobilis in integer (Leach, 1814) (CRUSTACEA, MALACOSTRACA, PERACARIDA). Arthropod Structure & Development (published online 7 February 2014).

8. General discussion 97

8.1. Methodological approach 97

8.2. The decapod larval CNS 97

8.3. Mandible development in decapod zoea larvae 98

8.4. How do mandibles sense? 99

8.4.1. Decapoda 99

8.4.2. Peracarida 99

9. Conclusion and outlook 100

10. References 105

11. Acknowledgements / Danksagung 116

12. Appendix: Relevant posters 117

VI