ARC TIC No. 10 NEWS 1999

IN THIS ISSUE

Editor’s Comments...... 1 History Corner ...... 13 News Briefs ...... 2 Publications Available ...... 17 Feature species: Hypogastrura tullbergi . 4 Update to Annotated List of People Low tem per a ture ad ap ta tions in the freezing- interested in ...... 19 tol er ant high arc tic woollybear cat er pil lars Mailing List for Arctic Insect News....20 ( groenlandica) ...... 7 Questionnaire: People Interested in Arctic Feature lo cal ity: Isachsen, Ellef Ringnes Insects ...... 28 Island ...... 10 Contributors to this Issue ...... 29

EDI TOR’S COMMENTS

This is sue of Arc tic In sect News once again con tains in for ma tion about stud ies of arc tic in sects in both the Palearctic and Nearc tic regions. Among the usual fea tures, in for ma tion about cur rent arc tic re- search con sists of a rel a tively de tailed ac count of one cur rent pro ject, and I in vite oth ers to sub mit such ac counts of their ongo ing work. Of course, other re ports, news items, fea tures, and ideas continue to be wel come.

The mail ing list for Arc tic In sect News (in cluded here) con tin ues to grow with every is sue. Oth ers can be added to the list by con tact ing [email protected], or the ad dress be low. H.V.D.

Arctic Insect News, distributed free of charge, is available upon request from the Secretariat, Biological Survey of (Terrestrial ), Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station “D” Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1P 6P4 2 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

NEWS BRIEFS

Update on The Otto Sverdrup Cen ten nial Ex pe di tion In last year’s is sue of Arc tic In sect News Guldborg Søvik re ported on the planned Otto Sverdrup Cen ten nial Ex pe di tion (Arc tic In sect News No. 9 1998: 14-16). The ex pe di tion yacht Northhanger left Nor way as planned on June 24, 1999 and by Au gust 27, 1999 they had ar - rived in their win ter home in Hour glass Bay, Ellesmere Is land. Since their ar rival they have con structed a hut from struc tural insu lated pan - els where one cou ple will live (the oth ers will live on the boat) as well as a sep a rate com mu ni - ca tions hut. They are now set tling into a mainly in door win ter rou tine deal ing with the cir cum - po lar ed u ca tion and in ter dis ci plin ary po lar sci- ence pro grams. In No vem ber the boat started to van ish be neath hard, wind-packed snow and un for tu nately, the stern of the boat is sink ing so the team has been busy at tempt ing to cut away the ice and snow. Spring will al low bo tan i cal and or ni tho log i cal ob ser va tions, phytoplankton sam pling, searches for arc tic mites and en vi ron men tal pol lut ants. A 12-week 1200-km ski and sledg ing jour ney north across Ellesmere Is land and via Nor we- gian Bay to re mote Axel Heiberg Is land is also planned for the spring. Reg u lar up dates on the ex pe di tion can be found on the web site at http://www.sverdrup2000.org. Guldborg Søvik can be con tacted by email at [email protected] al though mes- sages should be kept small as they are com mu - ni cat ing through a sat el lite commu ni ca tions sys tem.

Shared Voices The sec ond is sue of Shared Voices, the Uni- in for ma tion ser vice, uarcticlist. The cur rent is - ver sity of the Arc tic news let ter, is now avail- sue and an ar chive of past is sues are avail able in able on-line. Shared Voices is pub lished pe ri od - var i ous for mats in the pub li ca tions sec tion of i cally to keep those in ter ested in the Uni ver sity the Uni ver sity of the Arc tic web site of the Arc tic in formed about its ac tiv i ties and (www.urova.fi/home/uarctic). To sub scribe de vel op ment. The news let ter is dis trib uted elec tron i cally go to the Uni ver sity of the Arc tic elec tron i cally over the Uni ver sity of the Arc tic web site and fill out the on line form ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 3

(www.urova.fi/home/uarctic/contactus.html). to rial in the last is sue of Arc tic [John son, P. G. Your name will be au to mat i cally added to the 1999. The Uni ver sity of the Arc tic. Arc tic list. 52(3): iii-iv]. Dr. Pe ter Ad ams was in vited to the 6th Cir cum po lar Uni ver sities Co op er a tion The Uni ver sity of the Arc tic is a part ner- Con fer ence (held June 24-27, 1999 at the Uni - ship of ac a demic in sti tu tions, in dig e nous peo- ver sity of Abderdeen, Scot land) to give the key - ples’ or ga ni za tions and the Arc tic states. It is note ad dress about the Uni ver sity of the Arc tic. gain ing an in creas ing pro file in clud ing an ed i -

Call for abstracts - Temp 2000 The 7th Tri en nial In ter na tional Sym po sium 5. The o ret i cal As pects of Cold Har di ness: on In sect/In ver te brate and Plant Cold Har di- Prin ci ples and Con cepts ness (Temp 2000) will be held May 28 to June 2, 2000 at the Uni ver sity of Vic to ria, Vic to ria, 6 . Cold Har di ness of Stored Prod ucts Pests; Brit ish Co lum bia. Mis cel la neous Topics

The or ga niz ing com mit tee of the Temp 7. Where do we go from here? The next 2000 Sym po sium now in vites sub mis sions for Cold Har di ness Sym po sium pre sen ta tions. Ab stracts should ad dress one or more of the sym po sium’s sug gested themes. Ab stracts may be sub mit ted by com plet ing the web form at: 1. Po lar and Al pine Ad ap ta tions in In ver te- http://www.uvcs.uvic.ca/conf/temp2000/ brates or by email to [email protected]. Ab stract pro pos als should be sub mit ted no later 2. Ad ap ta tions to Cold in Plants than Feb ru ary 14, 2000.

3. Cold Tol er ance of Or gan isms and Global For more pro gram in for ma tion, please con- Change tact: Dr. Richard A. Ring, Biol ogy De part ment, Uni ver sity of Victo ria, Vic to ria, B.C., Can ada 4. Mo lec u lar and Bio chem i cal As pects of V8W 3N5 (tele phone: 250-721-7102; fax: Cold Har di ness 250-721-7120; email: rar [email protected])

Fourth Euro pean Work shop of ¤ Overwintering and cold har di ness In ver te brate Ecophysiology ¤ Wa ter re la tions and res pi ra tion The Fourth Eu ro pean Work shop of In ver te - Im pacts and re sponses to cli mate change brate Ecophysiology will be held in St. Pe ters - burg, Rus sia, 9-14 Sep tem ber 2001. For fur ther in for ma tion con tact the or ga- nizer: The work shop will cover all as pects of ecophysiology of ter res trial in ver te brates Prof. Dr. Vladilen E. Kipyatkov, De part - (mainly ar thro pods), the main themes for sep a - ment of En to mol ogy, Fac ulty of Bi ol ogy, St. rate ses sions be ing as fol lows: Pe ters burg State Uni ver sity, 7/9 Universitetskaya emb. St. Pe ters burg, 199034 ¤ Life cy cles and phenological strat e gies RUS SIA (tel: (+7) 812 3289679; Fax: (+7) 812 ¤ Tem per a ture re quire ments of de vel op ment 4277310; e-mail: [email protected]) 4 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

FEA TURE SPE CIES: THE SPRINGTAIL HYPOGASTRURA TULLBERGI

Hans Petter Leinaas and Lauritz Sømme Uni ver sity of Oslo, Depart ment of Biol ogy, P.O.Box 1050 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway

Hypogastrura tullbergi (Schäffer, 1900) Habi tat : Abun dant in dry habi tats like grass (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) mead ows and heath vege ta tion, rare in wet Or i ginally described from speci mens col lected in 1875 hab i tats. Feeds on fungi and at the banks of the Jenesej River in Sibe ria. In the cyanobacteria. Arctic, a closely re lated spe cies H. concolor has Features of spe cial inter est: Repro duc tive been con fused with H. tullbergi. , pop u la tion dynam ics, tol er ance Range: Circum po lar, wide spread in arc tic North to cold and dry arid condi tions America and Si be ria, com mon on high arc tic Sam ple refer ences : Birkemoe and Sømme is lands includ ing Svalbard, not found on the 1998; Birkemoe and Leinaas 1999; Eu ro pean conti nent. Re ports of H. tullbergi from Coulson et al. 1995, 1999; Hodkinson et al. middle Europe refer to other spe cies. 1996

Fig. 1. Hypogastrura tullbergi

Spring tails (Collembola) are highly suc- decomposers (fungivorous, lit ter frag men ta- cess ful ter res trial ar thro pods in the Arc tic. Ap - tion) and in the high Arc tic also as graz ers on prox i mately 110 spe cies are known from arc tic cyanobacteria (which fix N2 from the at mo- North Amer ica, and 60 spe cies from the sphere). As a dom i nant group among arc tic Svalbard ar chi pel ago alone. They may reach microarthropods they prob a bly rep re sent an im - den si ties of sev eral hun dred thou sands per m2 por tant food source for spi ders and pred a tory in rich, hu mid hab i tats. The ef fect of mites. Some birds also ap pear to rely partly on Collembola on the cy cling of plant nu tri ents is Collembola as food dur ing the high arc tic sum- partly re lated to their role as sec ond ary mer, e.g. snow bunt ings and pur ple sand pip ers. ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 5

We have cho sen Hypogastrura tullbergi Life-history strate gies (Fig. 1) as a rep re sen ta tive of arc tic spring tails H. tullbergi has a flex i ble life cy cle, of be cause of its holarctic dis tri bu tion and be cause about 2 years in the western part of Svalbard, of re cent stud ies on the bi ol ogy of the spe cies at and longer in the colder eastern part of the ar - Svalbard. chi pel ago. The time to mat u ra tion also var ies be tween years, de pend ing on the cli mate. De- Tol er ance and ef fects of phys i cal stress spite the flex i bil ity of the life cy cle, it shows a dis tinct phenological pat tern with repro duc tion Ac cli ma tion of H. tullbergi at tem per a tures con cen trated in the first part of sum mer, lead ing around 0°C low ers their supercooling points be- to a peak of hatch ing in late sum mer (be gin ning low –20 °C. This is a typ i cal re sponse of al pine of Au gust). and po lar Collembola in prep a ra tion for the win ter. In a pop u la tion from Ny-Ålesund, mean The phenology is main tained by a re pro- low-group supercooling points of –25 °C were duc tive diapause that is ter mi nated by win ter re corded at the end of the win ter. cold, thereby tim ing the on set of repro duc tion to spring (Birkemoe and Leinaas 1999). Al- Dur ing sum mer, high spot tem per a tures oc - though in nate, the diapause di verges from a cur in the upper soil layer even at high arc tic nor mal ob li gate diapause in that cold ex po sure sites, but microarthropods ap pear to be well of any ju ve nile instar pre vents diapause in the adapted (Hodkinson et al. 1996). H. tullbergi adults. In this way the diapause is switched off may sur vive tem per a tures up to 35°C. Al though in all ju ve niles emerg ing from their first win ter, this spe cies pre fers rel a tively dry hab i tats, its but it is re-initiated later in sum mer (Fig. 2). re sis tance to des ic ca tion is not par tic u larly This re sponse leaves a short time in ter val where high. A study in the au thors’ lab o ra tory of three ju ve niles may ma ture and start re pro duc tion al- spe cies of Hypogastrura s.l. from Svalbard ready in their sec ond sum mer, be fore go ing into showed that the mean rate of wa ter loss in H. au tumn diapause. How ever, in most sum mers tullbergi was 8.5 % of fresh weight per hour, they do not reach this stage un til af ter the com pared to 4.9 % in H. viatica and 14.3 % in diapause is re-initiated and thereby post pone H. (Ceratophylla) longispina. The two lat ter the start of re pro duc tion un til the third sum mer. spe cies oc cur in wet hab i tats along the sea This pat tern is ex plained as an ad ap ta tion to al- shore. low the spe cies to uti lise ex cep tion ally warm sum mers to re duce the gen er a tion time as il lus- Thus, al though H. tullbergi typ i cally lives trated in Fig. 2. Dur ing un usu ally cold sum mers in rather ex posed hab i tats, it does not ap pear to a re pro duc tive qui es cence may pre vent or be ex cep tion ally tol er ant to drought and low strongly re duce the re pro duc tive ef fort of tem per a tures (com pared to spe cies from more adults, prob a bly in creas ing their win ter sur - shel tered and hu mid hab i tats). It may suf fer in- vival. creased mor tal ity dur ing dry or un usu ally cold The de vel op men tal rates and growth of H. pe ri ods. An other impor tant lim it ing fac tor is tullbergi at dif fer ent tem per a tures shows lit tle the for ma tion of an ice crust on the ground dur- ev i dence of cold ad ap ta tion. On the con trary, ing win ter thaw. Even a thin ice cover of a few the heat sum to matu ra tion declines and the an i - cm formed in early win ter had strong ef fects on mals grow big ger with in creas ing tem per a tures the pop u la tion den sity of H. tullbergi. The ef- (be tween 5 and 15 °C). This re sponse is ex - fect was still ev i dent at the end of the next sum- plained as an ad ap ta tion to a highly vari able mi - mer, and in creased with the thick ness of the ice. cro cli mate, where there is more to gain by ef fi - As ice for ma tion var ies strongly be tween win - ciently uti lis ing higher rather than lower tem - ters and also over short dis tances even within per a tures (Birkemoe and Leinaas sub mit ted). ho mog e nous hab i tats, it may be an impor tant de ter mi nant both for the pop u la tion dy nam ics and spa tial dis tri bu tion of the spe cies (Coulson et al. 1999). 6 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

Popu la tion dynam ics Birkemoe, T. and H.P. Leinaas. 1999. Repro duc tive biol ogy of the arc tic col lem bo lan Hypogastrura Un pre dict able phys i cal stress may se ri- tullbergi. Ecography 22: 31-39. ously af fect the den sity of H. tullbergi. In ad di- Coulson, S.J., I.D. Hodkinson, W. Block, N.R. Webb, tion, the spe cies shows life-history strat e gies to and M.R. Worland. 1995. Low summer cope with both pre dict able and un pre dict able temper a tures: a po ten tial mor tal ity factor for high cli ma tic vari a tions, which are typ i cal for its en- arc tic soil microarthropods? J. In sect Physiol. vi ron ment. Al to gether, this re sults in a com plex 41:783-792. pop u la tion dy nam ics with a distinct sea son al ity Coulson, S.J. H.P. Leinaas, R.A. Ims, and G. Søvik. in re pro duc tion, but also with great vari a tions in 1999. Exper i men tal manip u la tion of the winter den sity and de mog ra phy be tween years surface ice sheet: the effects on a High Arc tic soil (Birkemoe and Sømme 1998). microarthropods commu nity. Ecography (in press). Selected ref er ences Hodkinson, I.D., S.J. Coulson, N.R. Webb, and W. Block. 1996. Can high Arc tic soil Birkemoe, T. and L. Sømme. 1998. Pop u la tion microarthropods sur vive ele vated summer dy nam ics of two col lem bo lan spe cies in an Arc tic tem per a tures? Funct. Ecol. 10: 314-321. tun dra. Pedobiologia 42: 131-145.

Fig. 2. Growth, diapause de vel op ment and re pro duc tion in H. tullbergi from a pop u la tion with about a two-year life cycle. A. De vel op - ment dur ing pe ri ods where tem per a ture var ies within a “nor mal” range. Re pro duc tion is cana lised to the first part of the 3rd summer by repro duc tive diapause. B. Excep tionally warm weather al lows some re pro duc tion to take place dur ing the mid dle of the 2nd sum- mer be cause diapause is tem po rarily avoided. D = pe ri ods of diapause/diapause in duc tion (in ju ve niles), R = pe ri ods of re pro duc- tion, W = win ter. The hor i zon tal dot ted line in di cates size dif fer ence be tween adults and ju ve niles. ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 7

LOW TEM PER A TURE AD AP TA TIONS IN THE FREEZING-TOLER ANT HIGH ARC TIC WOOLLYBEAR CAT ER PIL LARS (Gynaephora groenlandica): MET A BOLIC AND BE HAV IOURAL OP POR TUN ISTS

Valerie Bennett Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, U.S.A. 45056 Thomas Al len, Olga Kukal Atlantic Low Temperature Systems Ltd., 1 Prince St. Suite 705, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4L3 Hugh Danks Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods), Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station “D”, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1P 6P4 David Levin Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3N5 Richard Lee Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, U.S.A. 45056

The main ob jec tive of this study is to im- The mech a nisms of met a bolic reg u la tion as so - prove our un der stand ing of how or gan isms sur- ci ated with long pe ri ods of in ac tiv ity such as vive ex treme en vi ron men tal con di tions. In par- that ex pe ri enced by overwintering ecto therms tic u lar we are fo cus ing on en ergy gen er a tion are not well un der stood. and con ser va tion in in sects adapted to very In pre vi ous field stud ies, we found that the short grow ing sea sons and long dor mant pe ri- High Arc tic woollybear cater pil lars ods dur ing harsh arc tic win ters. Var i ous as pects (Gynaephora groenlandica) un dergo a sig nif i- of met a bolic con trol are be ing in ves ti gated, in - cant sea sonal met a bolic de pres sion in prepa ra - clud ing be hav ioural, phys i o log i cal, cel lu lar and tion for overwintering (Bennett et al., 1999) bio chem i cal changes in flu enced by tem per a- which may be as so ci ated with mi to chon drial ture, and their ge netic reg u la tion. The re sults re - deg ra da tion (Kukal et al., 1989). This is crit i cal late di rectly to biomedicine (i.e. cryo pre ser va - for po lar ecto therms to main tain suf fi cient en - tion of tis sues and or gans) and food in dus try ergy stores for the long in ac tive pe riod (~10 (i.e. frost re sis tance in crops, stor age and trans- months), since feed ing and en ergy ac qui si tion port of food, aquaculture op er a tions). is only pos si ble for 3-4 weeks out of the year (Kukal and Kevan, 1987). Ecto therms can re main ac tive over a wide range of tem per a tures by mod u lat ing met a bolic Our cur rent re search goal is to de velop an rate with chang ing body tem per a tures to pro - under stand ing of the reg u la tion of this sea sonal vide the nec es sary en ergy to power var i ous met a bolic depres sion, both en try into and emer - phys i o log i cal pro cesses (Hochachka and gence from the win ter dor mant state, on eco log - Somero, 1984). Ecto therms also have the ca- i cal, phys i o log i cal, and ge netic lev els. Spe cific pac ity to “shut down” or min i mize en ergy ex - aims are: pen di tures when ther mal or other en vi ron men- tal con di tions are sub-optimal (Danks, 1987). It 1) to re late be hav ioural uti li za tion of var i ous is this abil ity to vary lev els of ac tiv ity and, more tun dra microhabitats by ac tive cat er pil lars to ele men tally, vary met a bolic en ergy pro duc tion, ther mal charac ter is tics of those which has al lowed ecto therms to ex ploit ex- microhabitats with re spect to en ergy ac qui - treme en vi ron ments such as the High Arc tic. si tion; 8 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

2) to iden tify and phys i cally char ac ter ize hi - to bask ing, on June 6 was ob served to be great- ber na cu la sites, and mon i tor tim ing of en try est in S. arctica (9.0 +/- 2.5°C; mean +/- SEM), and exit from sites, as well as site fi del ity; fol lowed closely by D. integrifolia (8.0 +/- 1.2°C), and more dis tantly by that ob served on 3) to re late sea sonal changes in whole an i mal bare ground (5.4 +/- 0.8°C). Macroclimatic and res pi ra tion rates to changes in mi to chon drial me te o ro log i cal fea tures which char ac ter ize the quan tity, struc ture, and func tion in terms of High Arc tic, such as wind, snow, and changes met a bolic en zyme ac tiv i ties as cat er pil lars in the an gle of in ci dent sun light dur ing a 24 h en ter into and emerge from hi ber na cu la cy cle, were also ap par ent at the microhabitat sites; and sur face, and even 10 cm be low the sur face.

4) to un der stand the ge netic mech a nisms con - 2. Iden ti fi ca tion and Char ac ter iza tion of trol ling sea sonal changes in en zyme ac tiv ity Overwintering Sites: and mi to chon drial deg ra da tion and syn the - Knowing where to find overwintering in- sis. sects in the field is a cru cial as pect of all aims of our re search, be cause we want to doc u ment the Results to date and ex per i men tal plans phys i o log i cal and ge netic changes as so ci ated with en try into and emer gence from the 1. Cater pil lar Be hav iour in Dif fer ent overwintering state (Kukal, 1995). Last sea son Microhabitats: we were able to lo cate, mark, and char ac ter ize 10 G. groenlandica hiber na cu la It is im por tant for woollybear cat er pil lars to (overwintering) sites at Eastwind Lake, and an- max i mize en ergy ac qui si tion dur ing their brief other 14 sites at Ekblaw Lake, Ellesmere Is land pe riod of sum mer ac tiv ity in prep a ra tion for Na tion Park Re serve. All hi ber na cu la were as - win ter. In this study (Bennett et al., sub mit ted) so ci ated with rocks, not veg e ta tion, and had we strove to un der stand be hav ioural uti li za tion been re cently aban doned (within a few days) by of dif fer ent types of tundra microhabitats based cat er pil lars. Phys i cal char ac ter iza tion in cluded on their ther mal char ac ter is tics dur ing the ac - mea sure ments of rock size, geo graphic ori en ta- tive pe riod prior to their re treat into hi ber na tion tion of hi ber na cu lum, num ber of cat er pil lars, sites. We dis cov ered that lar val be hav ior dur ing near est veg e ta tion (dis tance and type), and the ac tive sea son dif fered be tween tun dra near est cat er pil lar. In four sites at each lake we microhabitats, cor re spond ing to dif fer ences in launched Stow Away dual chan nel tem per a ture the ther mal charac ter is tics of these data log gers to si mul ta neously mon i tor hiber - microhabitats. Most cat er pil lars fed in the arc tic na cu lum and am bi ent tem per a tures over the wil low, , their pre ferred food plant, course of a full year. This season we plan to while bask ing was the dom i nant be hav ior in retrieve the temperature data from the , which was found to be the previously marked sites, and check to see if warm est microhabitat. Few cat er pil lars were these same sites were used again by . ob served in , which was the We would also like to continue locating and cold est microhabitat. Mean tem per a tures in characterizing additional hibernacula sites, both S. arctica and D. integrifolia were within especially ones containing multiple caterpillars. the op ti mal range of 15-22°C for G. By tying a length of colored thread to a groenlandica feed ing and me tab o lism (Kukal , we will be able to follow its trail to and Dawson, 1989; Bennett et al., 1999). How- its hibernaculum, in order to document ever, max i mum tem per a tures reached in D. hibernacula sites in use. integrifolia fre quently ex ceeded 30°C, the tem- per a ture at which food as sim i la tion ef fi ciency In lab en clo sures, cat er pil lars made use of and growth rates de crease sig nif i cantly (Kukal ar ti fi cial “crev ices” con structed from card- and Dawson, 1989). The bask ing ef fect, which board. This sea son we would also like to con- we de fine as the ex tent to which body tem per a - struct some ar ti fi cial hi ber na cu la sites by stack- ture is el e vated above am bi ent tem per a ture due ing rocks on the tundra where ac tive cat er pil lars ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 9 are ob served (Eastwind Lake, Axel pla teau) to col lected from the same site (prob a bly see if they will make use of these sites and spin Eastwind Lake or Axel Pla teau) once a week hi ber na cu la at the end of the sea son. The same while ac tively feed ing, starved for 24 h, and char ac ter is tics de scribed above will also be re - res pi ra tion rate mea sured. Cat er pil lars which corded for these ar ti fi cial sites. We will col lect have re cently spun hi ber na cu la will also be col- some cat er pil lars from these hi ber na cu la sites lected from ar ti fi cial hi ber na cu la sites (see to use for field respirometry mea sure ments and above) for respirometry. Tis sues from these mi to chon drial anal y ses (see be low). Ideally we cat er pil lars will then be im me di ately stained would like to be able to re turn to these marked and fixed in the field us ing a MitoTracker sites early the fol low ing sea son to catch cat er - Green FM (Mo lec u lar Probes) pro to col which pil lars as they emerge from overwintering. was pi loted in the field last sea son, for later anal y sis of mi to chon drial quan tity and qual ity 3. Respirometry and Mi to chon dria: in the lab. Ac tive cat er pil lars and food (leaves of Salix arctica) will also be col lected and The woollybear cat er pil lars have a ca pac ity trans ported back to the lab for fur ther ex per i- to rap idly and dra mat i cally in crease res pi ra tion ments. rates up to four fold within 12-24 hour of feed - ing, while their res pi ra tion rate plunges by 60-85% in as lit tle as 12 hours of star va tion. At 4. Ge netic Analy sis of Mito chon drial the peak of their feed ing sea son, the res pi ra tion Changes: rates of cat er pil lars in creases signif i cantly with Both ac tively feed ing and overwintering tem per a ture from 0.5-22°C in both feed ing and cat er pil lars will be col lected from the field, and starved lar vae (Q10=1-5). Dur ing the lat ter part used to de ter mine if mi to chon drial deg ra da tion of their feed ing sea son the cat er pil lars are less and re con sti tu tion can also be quan ti fied by di - sen si tive to tem per a ture changes (Q10~1.5) rect anal y sis of mi to chon drial DNA us ing dot which is in dic a tive of diapause. The res pi ra tion blot hy brid iza tion or quan ti ta tive PCR tech- rates of cat er pil lars in hi ber na cu la were even niques. We will also look for sea sonal dif fer - lower, but they did not ap pear to dem on strate ences in gene expres sion for mi to chon drial en - met a bolic cold ad ap ta tions com pared with zymes in volved in cel lu lar res pi ra tion, such as other tem per ate lepidopteran lar vae. The sea - cytochrome oxidase or cytochrome b, us ing ki- sonal ca pac ity to ad just met a bolic rate rap idly netic stud ies of mRNA syn the sis. On a more in re sponse to food con sump tion and tem per a- long-term scale, we would like to iden tify, ture (which can be greatly el e vated by bask ing) clone, and char ac ter ize genes which are dif fer - may pro mote the ef fi cient ac qui si tion of en ergy en tially ex pressed in cold-acclimated vs. dur ing the brief (1 month) sum mer feed ing pe - warm-acclimated in sects. riod of feed ing and de vel op ment. When the con di tions are less fa vour able the cat er pil lars Refer ences en ter diapause which is likely linked to their ex- Bennett, V.A., O. Kukal, and R.E. Lee. (1999) tended life cy cle of 14-20 years (Kukal and Met a bolic op por tun ists: feed ing and tem per a ture Kevan, 1987; Kukal, 1995). in flu ence the rate and pat tern of respi ra tion in the high arc tic woollybear cater pil lar, Gynaephora Respirometry mea sure ments will again be groenlandica (Lymantriidae). Jour nal of made us ing the microrespirometry ap pa ra tus Ex per i men tal Bi ol ogy 202:47-53. de vel oped by Lee (1995), which we have used Bennett, V.A., O. Kukal, R.E. Lee, Jr., and Thomas suc cess fully for field mea sure ments on G. F. Al len. Dif fer en tial be hav ior of arc tic groenlandica in past sea sons (Bennett et al., woollybear cat er pil lars (Gynaephora 1999). Changes in cat er pil lar res pi ra tion rate groenlandica) with re spect to ther mal will con tinue to be fol lowed from the be gin ning charac ter is tics of sev eral tundra microhabitats in of their ac tive feed ing sea son through en try into the High Arc tic oasis at Lake Hazen, Ellesmere the overwintering state (spin ning of hi ber na cu - Island (82°N, 71°W). Arc tic, Ant arc tic, and la) for a field pop u la tion. Cat er pil lars will be Al pine Research (sub mit ted Decem ber 1999) 10 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

Danks, H.V. (1987) In sect dormancy: An eco log i cal (: Lymantriidae). Ca na dian Jour nal perspec tive . Ot tawa Bio log i cal Sur vey of Can ada, of Zo ol ogy 65:156-163. Mono graph, Se ries No. 1. Kukal, O. (1995) Winter mor tal ity and the func tion Hochachka, P.W. and G.N. Somero (1984). of larval hi ber na cu la dur ing the 14-year life cy cle Biochem i cal Ad ap ta tion. Princeton, NJ: Prince ton of an arc tic moth, Gynaephora groenlandica. Univer sity Press. Cana dian Jour nal of Zo ol ogy 73:657-662. Kukal, O., and T. E. Dawson (1989) Temper a ture and Kukal, O., J. G. Duman, and A. S. Serianni. (1989) food quality in flu ences feed ing be hav ior, Cold-induced mito chon drial degra da tion and assim i la tion effi ciency and growth rate of arc tic synthe sis in freeze-tolerant arc tic woolly-bear cat er pil lars. Oecologia 79:526-532. cater pil lars. Jour nal of Com par a tive Phys i ol ogy B Kukal, O., and P. G. Kevan. (1987) The influ ence of 158:661-671. par a sit ism on the life his tory of a high arc tic Lee, R.E., Jr. (1995) Using microrespirometers to in sect, Gynaephora groenlandica (Wocke) measure ox y gen con sump tion by in sects and small inver te brates. Amer i can Bi ol ogy Teacher 57: 284-285.

FEA TURE LO CAL ITY: ISACHSEN, ELLEF RINGNES ISLAND

Hugh V. Danks Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods), Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station “D”, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1P 6P4

Isachsen, Ellef Ringnes Island 78° 47¢ N, 103° 32¢ W Mean July tem per a ture: Approx. 3.5 ° C Sam ple points of inter est: Com po si tion of a very re duced ar thro pod fauna: many taxa Veg e ta tion zone: High arc tic, impov er ished are miss ing. Tol er ance of ex treme Hab i tats: Bar rens, marshes, river, gravel slopes, clay con di tions. and sandy plains, other habi tats Sam ple refer ences : Bliss and Svoboda 1984; Arthro pod fauna: Partly known; very impov er ished McAlpine 1964, 1965; Mac Don ald 1961; Savile 1961 a, b, 1963, 1971. Verte brate fauna and flora: Limited

Lo ca tion of Ellef Ringnes Is., in the Ca na dian high arc tic ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 11

Ellef Ringnes Is land has an area of 10,930 Ringnes Is land but ver te brate pop u la tions are at sq. km, be tween 77° 45¢ to 79° 20¢ N and 99° to very low den si ties, ex cept for lem mings (and 106° W. North west ern Ellef Ringnes Is land is a per haps pred a tors de pend ent on them) dur ing flat coastal plain, mostly be low 30 metres, char- oc ca sional pop u la tion peaks. ac ter ized in the north west by a large delta. It is over layed largely by un con sol i dated ma te ri als The ar thro pod fauna is very im pov er ished. of the Beau fort for ma tion. The plain rises to the Only 2 spi ders, 15 mites, 8 spring tails and 30 south to a low land, that is flanked in turn by a in sects have been re corded. Spe cies such as chi - pla teau at sev eral low plat forms or ter races with rono mid midges and the geometrid moth soils and veg e ta tion lo cally dif fer ent from the Psychophora sabini, known from the harsh est low land. The pla teau, about 25 km wide and av- high arc tic sites, are most con spic u ous. Many of er ag ing about 300 m above sea level, runs the spe cies known from Isachsen have very across north-central Ellef Ringnes Is land. Its wide and even cir cum po lar arc tic dis tri bu tions: sur face has been widely dis sected by stream 32 of 38 Isachsen spe cies with ranges that are ero sion, leav ing broad val leys with walls up to rea son ably well known are cir cum po lar. 100 m high. The southern 2/3 of the is land is a Many of the spe cies ap pear to be as so ci ated low but var ied low land, flanked by a long nar - with lem mings and other ver te brates. For ex - row coastal plain. In sev eral areas are groups of am ple, McAlpine (1965) noted that the lem - con spic u ous ridges and rug ged hills. ming, Dicrostonyx groenlandicus, oc cu pies a The cli mate is high arc tic, and very cold. key po si tion in the biota of Ellef Ringnes Is- Like the other rel a tively small north west ern land. The hab its of at least one-third of the ar - Queen Eliz a beth Is lands, Ellef Ringnes Is land thro pods that he col lected were in some way is in a cloudy area of the arc tic with low sum - linked with lem mings, which served as the pri - mer tem per a tures. Con se quently, the area ap - mary for a number of spe cies of mites as pears re mark ably bar ren, most veg e ta tion is well as a louse. Dead lem ming car casses were stunted, and pro duc tiv ity is low, al though veg e- prin ci pal breed ing places for lar vae of the blow- ta tion is rich est along the bases of the rocky fly Boreellus atriceps, and the nest bur rows and hills near Isachsen and in some other places drop pings of this an i mal pro vided breed ing where the soil type is better able to re tain places, food sup ply and pro tec tion for earth - moisture. Savile (1961) re ported only 49 vas cu - worms, spi ders, mites, spring tails, midges, lar plants from the area. Ten mam mals and fif - crane flies, sciarids and mus cids. Other mites teen birds have been re ported from Ellef col lected at Isachsen were taken from other small mam mals or birds, or from their nests.

Ellef Ringnes and surround ing is lands 12 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

The early in for ma tion about the very im- McAlpine, J.F. 1964. Ar thro pods of the bleak est pov er ished in sect and plant fauna of Isachsen, barren lands: compo si tion and dis tri bu tion of the cou pled with later in for ma tion from such places ar thro pod fauna of the north west ern Queen as Bathurst Is land (see Arc tic In sect News 2: Eliz a beth Is lands. Can Ent. 96: 127-129. 7-9), re in forced the con cept of the “north west- McAlpine, J.F. 1965. In sects and re lated terres trial ern gap”, an area of the high arc tic that is sin gu - inver te brates of Ellef Ringnes Island. Arctic 18: larly im pov er ished be cause of the exten sive 73-103. cloud cover dur ing sum mer, which de presses MacDon ald, S.D. 1961. Bi o log i cal inves ti ga tions at both air tem per a tures and the ground-surface Isachsen, Ellef Ringness Island, N.W.T. Bull. Nat. tem per a tures that are so im por tant for growth of Mus. Can. 172: 90-97. plants and in sects in the high arc tic (see fig ure). Savile, D.B.O. 1961a. The bot any of the north west ern Queen Eliz a beth Islands. Canad. J. Refer ences Bot. 39: 909-942. Bliss, L.C. and J. Svoboda. 1984. Plant communities Savile, D.B.O. 1961b. Bird and mam mal and plant production in the western Queen ob ser va tions of Ellef Ringnes Is land in 1960. Nat. Elizabeth Islands, Canada. Holarct. Ecol. 7: Mus. Can. Nat. Hist. Pap. 9:1-6. 325-344. Savile, D.B.O. 1963. My col ogy in the Cana dian Danks, H.V. and J.R. Byers. 1972. Insects and arctic. Arctic 16: 17-25. arachnids of Bathurst Island, Canadian arctic Savile, D.B.O. 1971. Micro cli mate and plant growth archipelago. Can. Ent. 104: 81-88. at Isachesen and Mould Bay. Arctic 24: 306-307.

Map of Ellef Ringnes and surround ing is lands, show ing 4.4° C July iso therm (solid line), and 80-species isotaxis of vas cu lar plants (dashed line) (from Danks and Byers 1972) ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 13

HIS TORY COR NER: IN SECTS FROM THE NA RES EXPE DI TION

Hugh V. Danks Bio log i cal Survey of Canada (Terres trial Arthro pods), Cana dian Mu seum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station “D”, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1P 6P4 The Brit ish po lar ex pe di tion of 1875 to pected, and in some re spects as ton ish ing, re - 1876, led by Sir George Na res, was a sci en tific sults. suc cess, de spite an out break of scurvy that was In all there are about 45 spe cies of true later in ves ti gated by the Brit ish Admiralty. The Insecta, and 16 of Arachnida. Of the for mer 5 ex pe di tion in volved the ves sels “Alert” and per tain to Hymenoptera, 1 to Coleoptera, 13 to “Dis cov ery” (which win tered sep a rately). The Lepidoptera, 15 to Diptera, 1 to Hemiptera, 7 to Alert suc cess fully mapped the eastern coast line Mallophaga, and 3 to Collembola. Of the of Ellesmere Is land, and was the first ship to Arachnida 6 are true spi ders, and about 10 are land on the shores of northern Ellesmere, where mites. the set tle ment of Alert bears its name. More - over, heavy sledges from the ex pe di tion In this Re port I was as sisted by Baron von reached well north of 83° N, a re cord for that Osten-Sacken, who ex am ined the Diptera, by time. the Rev. O. Pickard Cam bridge who worked out the spi ders, and by Mr. An drew Murray, who Ar thro pod ma te rial was col lected es pe- at tended to the mites. cially by the nat u ral ist H.W. Fielden of the I have no hes i ta tion in say ing that the most Alert. A re port by R. McLachlan (1878; see valu able of all the zoo log i cal col lec tions are also McLachlan 1879) en thused about the in- those be long ing to the en to mo log i cal sec tion, sect and arach nid ma te rial col lected — in a way be cause these lat ter prove the ex is tence of a that would not be per mit ted by cur rent jour nal com par a tively rich in sect fauna, and even of ed i tors! — hint ing at many char ac ter is tics of sev eral spe cies of showy but ter flies, in very the high arc tic fauna that were es tab lished by high lat i tudes. later ob ser va tions. For ex am ple, the rel a tive INSECTA pau city of Coleoptera and rel a tive abun dance of Hymenoptera but ter flies were noted, al though the prev a lence Bombus balteatus, Dahlbom of Diptera was not rec og nized. McLachlan also hinted, for ex am ple, at the like li hood of life cy- Bombus po laris, Curtis cles last ing more than one year, the as so ci a tion Ichneu mon erythromelas, McLachlan, n. sp. of bum ble bees with Pedicularis, and arc tic al - Cryptus arcticus, Schiödte? pine af fin i ties: Microgaster sp.? (par a sitic on Dasychira; co coons “With the con sent of the Coun cil of the only). Royal So ci ety, all the Arthropoda (ex cept ing the Crustacea) were placed in my hands for working out. These were prin ci pally col lected by Cap tain H. W. Feilden, the Nat u ral ist of the ‘Alert;’ but in ter est ing forms also re sulted from the re searches of Mr. Hart, who oc cu pied a sim - i lar po si tion on board the ‘Dis cov ery.’ A de- tailed Re port on these col lec tions was read by me at the meet ing of the Linnaean So ci ety on De cem ber 15, 1877. In that Re port I made some justly mer ited eu lo gis tic re marks on the en to - mo log i cal la bours of the nat u ral ists. The ma te- ri als brought home from be tween the par al lels of 78E and 83E N. lat i tude showed quite un ex - 14 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

The Hymenoptera com prise two spe cies of and A. Chariclea, the nu mer ous ex am ples of the hum ble-bees (Bombi), and three par a sitic forms lat ter run ning into end less va ri et ies, so that it is that no doubt in fest the lar vae of Lepidoptera. al most im pos si ble to say if all re ally per tain to The bees fre quented the flow ers of a this spe cies. There are three ex am ples of a Pedicularis, and may per haps be in stru men tal pretty lit tle Chrysopanus (‘cop per’), which ap - in ef fect ing the fer ti li sa tion of that plant. pears to be a rather strik ing form (Feildeni) of our fa mil iar C. phlæas. Also one ex am ple of Coleoptera. Lycaena Aquilo (a ‘blue’), a known Arc tic in - sect, which is per haps scarcely more than a Quedius fulgidus, Erichson. form of L. orbitulus of the Alps of Eu rope. A The only spe cies of Coleoptera is rep re - pe cu liar smoky-looking Bombyx is Dasychira sented by one ex am ple of the brachelytrous groenlandica, hav ing a large hairy larva not Quedius fulgidus from Dis cov ery Bay, a very much un like that of a ti ger-moth, but with the widely dis trib uted in sect, com mon in Brit ain. hairs ar ranged in tufts on the back: this larva The pau city of in sects of this or der is in ex pli ca - was found abun dantly al most up to the high est ble. point reached. There are two Noctuae, one of which ap pears to be new. One spe cies of Lepidoptera. Geometridae, de scribed by Curtis in the Insecta Colias Hecla, Lef., var. glacialis, McLach. of Ross’ voy age as Psychophora Sabini. A new Argynnis po laris, Boisd. spe cies of Scoparia, and three spe cies of Tortricidae, the lat ter sin gle exam ples not in ” Chariclea, Schnei der (sev eral forms). very good con di tion. Cap tain Feilden as sures Chrysophanus phlFas, L., var. Feildeni, McLach. me that, in the short sum mer, but ter flies are on the wing any time dur ing the twenty-four hours, Lycaena Aquilo, Boisd. sup pos ing the sun’s face be not ob scured. One Dasychira groenlandica, Wocke. month in each year is the lon gest pe riod in which they can ap pear in the per fect state, and Mamestra (?) Feildeni, McLach., n. sp. six weeks is the pe riod in each year in which Plusia parilis, Hübn. phytophagous lar vae can feed; so it ap pears Psycophora Sabini, Kirby. prob a ble that more than one sea son is nec es - sary, in most cases, for their full de vel op ment, Scoparia gelida, Mc.Lach., n. sp. and this may par tially ac count for the great vari - Penthina sp.? abil ity of ten ex hib ited in Arc tic in sects. Mixodia sp.? Diptera —— ? (Fam. Tortricidae, but ut terly worn) Culex nigripes, Zett. Chironomus po laris, Kirby (and about three other The Lepidoptera form the most re mark able spe cies). fea ture. Five of them (in cluded in nearly 40 ex- am ples) are but ter flies of genera such as one Sciara sp.? might ex pect to meet with on a sum mer-day’s Trichocera regelationis, L. walk in Eng land. On of these lat ter is a va ri ety of Colias Hecla, a brightly col oured ‘clouded Tipula arctica, Curtis yel low,’ the typ i cal form of which is a known Tachina hirta, Curtis? (and about two oth ers). bo real in sect, but which nev er the less would hardly have been ex pected from so far north. Pyrellia cadaverina, L. There are two spe cies of Argynnis (‘Fri tilla- Anthomyia sp.? ries’): A. po laris (of which two ex am ples were also found at ‘Po laris’ Bay by the nat u ral ist of Scatophaga sp.? the Amer i can ex pe di tion, and were the first but - Among the Diptera there is noth ing of any ter flies brought from ex treme high lat i tudes), spe cial im por tance. The most strik ing is a ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 15

‘daddy-long-legs’ (Tipula arctica), well known Ta ran tula exasperans, Cam bridge, n. sp. as an Arc tic spe cies. Of the oth ers there are There ap peared to be sev eral new forms Culicidae (gnats), Trichocera (‘win ter-gnat,’ among the spi ders, whereas oth ers were al ready but ap pear ing there af ter mid sum mer), known. Chironomi (plume gnats), and fa mil iar-looking flies which ap peared when of fal was thrown Acaridea away, or the car case of an an i mal lay on the Bdella, two or three spe cies. ground. Scirus, one spe cies. Hemiptera (Anoplura) Hydrachna, prob a bly two spe cies. Hematopinus trichechi, Boheman. Eylais, one spe cies. The only so-called Hemipterous in sect is a louse (Hematopinus trichechi) that in fests the Oribata, prob a bly two spe cies. wal rus; found in the axillae and other parts Damaeus, one spe cies. where the skin is soft. This was orig i nally de- Dermaleichus, one spe cies. scribed from Spitsbergen. The Acari (or mites) pres ent rep re sen ta tives Mallophaga of al most all the fam i lies, in clud ing the wa - Docophorus ceblebrachys, Nitzch (and two oth ers) ter-mites and the pe cu liar group par a sitic upon birds. Nirmus cingulatus, Burm. It must be re mem bered that only about 80 ” phæonotus, Nitzsch. spe cies of in sects have been ob served in Green - Colpocephalum, sp.? land, al though nearly 100 years ago the fauna of the lower por tion of that coun try was worked Menopon gonophæum, Burm. var.? out by the Dan ish mis sion ary Otto Fabricius. The Mallophaga (bird-lice) are rather nu - Ice land has over 300 spe cies, Spitsbergen com- mer ous in in di vid u als, some of them prob a bly par a tively few, and no but ter fly is known from new spe cies, oth ers al ready fa mil iar. These of ei ther. Thus we see that Grinnell Land, course are car ried hither and thither by their ice-bound and ice-covered at it is for all but a hosts. short pe riod in each year, pos sesses an in sect fauna that can not be styled oth er wise than re - Collembola mark able, and which in but ter flies is prob a bly Isotoma Bessellsii, Packard ? richer than Green land. Podura hyperborea, Boheman ? The as pect of the fauna is de cid edly what Lipura sp.? has been termed ‘Scan di na vian,’ but I re gard Of the Collembola two are fa mil iar-looking the rep re sen ta tives as the rem nants of a once spe cies, of ten found on the sur face of the snow more ex ten sive Arc tic fauna, which came in, or (as in the Alps, &c.), and, from their hab its of was de vel oped, af ter the close of the warm Mio - spring ing in short leaps, known a snow fleas. cene pe riod, and cul mi nated be fore the gla cial ep och; and in this m dis posed to agree with the ARACHNIDA late Ed ward Forbes in a the ory ad vanced in 1846, in an attempt to ac count for the geo log i- Araneidea cal re la tions of the fauna and flora of the Brit ish Tegenaria detestabilis, Cam bridge, n. sp. Isles, and which has been ac cepted by many lead ing nat u ral ists and ge ol o gists. Ac cord ing to Erigone psycrophila, Thorell this the ory, the com mon or i gin of the ex ist ing ” provocans, Cam bridge, n. sp. Al pine and Arc tic flora and fauna is ex plained. When the gla cial pe riod ceased, plants and an i- ” vexatrix, Cam bridge, n. sp. mals be gan to move north ward; some found a Lycosa glacialis, Thorell con ge nial home on the top of high moun tains, 16 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 and es tab lished the ex ist ing Al pine flora and McLachlan, R. 1879. Re port on the Insecta fauna, whereas oth ers reached the home of their (in clud ing Arachnida) col lected by Captain an ces tors in the Arc tic re gions. Dur ing the long Feilden and Mr. Hart be tween the paral lels of 78° pe riod that has elapsed since those times, and 83° north lat i tude, dur ing the re cent Arc tic scarcely any mod i fi ca tion in Arc tic and Al pine expe di tion. J. Lin nean Soc. (Zool.) 14: 98-122. forms has taken place in some cases; in oth ers, in which the di ver gence is greater, evo lu tion will ac count for it.” Refer ences McLachlan, R. 1878. Ap pen dix VI. Insecta and Arachnida. pp. 234-239 in Na res, G.S. Narra tive of a voyage to the polar sea dur ing 1875-6 in H.M. Ships ‘Alert’ and ‘Dis cov ery’; with notes on the nat u ral his tory edited by H.W. Feilden, F.G.S., C.M.Z.S., F.R.G.S, nat u ral ist to the expe di tion. Vol. II. 378 pp.

Moonrise, Ellesmere Is land ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 17

PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE

This list in di cates pub li ca tions as so ci ated with the Bi o log i cal Sur vey of Can ada (Ter res trial Ar thro - pods) that may be of in ter est to read ers of Arc tic In sect News. Un less oth er wise noted, pub li ca tions can be re quested from the Sur vey (see back cover for ad dress de tails). *Prices for pub li ca tions avail able from the En to mo log i cal So ci ety of Can ada in clude ship ping costs. Or ders from Can ada should pay in Ca na dian dol lars and add 7% GST; or ders from other coun- tries should pay in U.S. dol lars.

Ar thro pods of Po lar Bear Pass, 1980. Danks, H.V. Syllogeus Avail able upon re quest Bathurst Is land, Arc tic Can ada. 25. 68 pp.

Arc tic Ar thro pods. A re view of 1981. Danks, H.V. En to mo log i- $30.00* from the En to mo log i cal sys tem at ics and ecol ogy with cal So ci ety of Can ada, Ot tawa. So ci ety of Can ada, 393 Winston par tic u lar ref er ence to the North 608 pp. Av e nue, Ot tawa, Ontario, K2A Amer i can fauna. 1Y8

Bib li og ra phy of the Arc tic Ar - 1981. Danks, H.V. En to mo log i- $7.00* from the En to mo log i cal thro pods of the Nearc tic Re gion. cal So ci ety of Can ada, Ot tawa. So ci ety of Can ada, ad dress 125 pp. above

Arc tic in sects; Ad ap ta tions of 1986. Kevan, P.G. and H.V. Book avail able from book sell ers arc tic in sects. Danks. pp. 72-77 and 55-57 in B. Sage, The arc tic and its wild- life. Croom Helm, Beck en ham. 190 pp.

In sect-plant in ter ac tions in arc - 1987. Danks, H.V. Rev. Ent. Avail able upon re quest tic re gions. Que bec. 31: 52-75.

In sects of Can ada. 1988. Danks, H.V. Bi o log i cal Avail able upon re quest (ver sion Survey of Can ada (Ter res trial française aussi disponible) Ar thro pods), Doc u ment Se ries no. 1. 18 pp.

In sects of the bo real zone of 1989. Danks, H.V. and R.G. Avail able upon re quest Can ada. Foottit. Can. Ent. 121: 626-677.

Arc tic in ver te brate bi ol ogy: ac - 1989. Danks, H.V. and R.A. Avail able upon re quest tion re quired. A brief. Ring. Bull. ent. Soc. Can. 21(3), Suppl. 7 pp. 18 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

Arc tic in sects: in struc tive diver - Danks, H.V. pp. 444-470, Vol. Copies of pa per avail able upon sity II in C.R. Harington (Ed.), Can- re quest. The two-volume set ada*s miss ing di men sion: Sci - avail able from Ca na dian Mu - ence and his tory in the Ca na dian seum of Na ture, Di rect Mail arc tic is lands. Ca na dian Mu- Sec tion, P.O. Box 3443, Sta tion seum of Na ture, Ot tawa. 2 vols, “D”, Ot tawa, On tario K1P 6P4. 855 pp. Cost in Can ada: $40.61 (in- cludes tax and ship ping). Cost out side Can ada: $45.00 (U.S.$) (in cludes ship ping)

Arc tic in sects as in di ca tors of 1992. Danks, H.V. Arc tic 45(2): Avail able upon re quest en vi ron men tal change. 159-166.

Pat terns of di ver sity in the Ca- 1993. Danks, H.V. pp. 51-74 in Avail able upon re quest na dian in sect fauna. Ball, G.E. and H.V. Danks (Eds.), Sys tem at ics and en to - mol ogy: di ver sity, distri bu tion, ad ap ta tion and ap pli ca tion. Mem. ent. Soc. Can. 165. 272 pp.

[Sea sonal ad ap ta tions in in sects 1993. Danks, H.V. pp. 54-66 in Copies of Eng lish ver sion avail - from the high arc tic.] M. Takeda and S. Tanaka able upon re quest (Eds.), [Sea sonal ad ap ta tion and diapause in in sects]. Bun-ichi-Sogo Publ., Ltd., To- kyo. (In Jap a nese).

Arc tic in sects and global 1994. Ring, R.A. pp. 61-66 in R. Avail able from au thor change. Riewe, and J. Oakes (Eds.), Bi o - log i cal Im pli ca tions of Global Change. En vi ron men tal Re - search Se ries. OEC Publ. 33. Ca na dian Cir cum po lar In sti tute, Ed mon ton. 114 pp.

In sect cold-hardiness: in sights 1994. Danks, H.V., O. Kukal Avail able upon re quest from the Arc tic. and R.A. Ring. Arc tic 47(4): 391-404.

The wider in te gra tion of stud ies 1996. Danks, H.V. Eu ro pean Avail able upon re quest on in sect cold-hardiness. Jour nal of En to mol ogy 93(3): 383-403. ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 19

In sects of the Yu kon. 1997. Danks, H.V. and J.A. $95.00* from the En to mo log i cal Downes (Eds.). Bi o log i cal Sur - So ci ety of Can ada, ad dress vey of Can ada (Ter res trial Ar - above thro pods), Ot tawa. x + 1034 pp.

Life cy cles in po lar ar thro pods – 1999. Danks, H.V. European Avail able upon re quest flex i ble or pro grammed? Jour nal of En to mol ogy 96(2): 83-102.

UP DATE TO AN NO TATED LIST OF PEO PLE IN TER ESTED IN ARC TIC IN SECTS

Valerie A. Bennett Mar tin-Luther-King-Platz 3 De part ment of Zool ogy D 20146 Hamburg, Germany Mi ami Univer sity Tel. 040-428-385-630 Ox ford, OH 45056 Fax: 040-428-383-937 U.S.A. Email: [email protected] Tel. 513-529-3624 Arc tic inter ests: Faunistics, tax on omy, bi ol ogy, Fax: 513-529-6900 ecology of all taxa of Sesiidae email: [email protected] Current projects : System atic work on Sesiidae of Arc tic inter ests: Physi o log i cal ecology of in sect Vietnam and Mexico overwintering; cryobiology Re gions: High arc tic, Ellesmere Is land Veli Vikberg Current projects : Sea sonal changes in res pi ra tion and Liinalammintie 11 as. 6 rela tions to mito chon drial synthe sis and degra da tion Fin - 14200 Turenki, Finland in Gynaephora groenlandica Tel. 358-3-6881297 Fax. 358-3-6881297 Arctic inter ests : Tax on omy and biol ogy of Erkki M. Laasonen Hymenoptera, Symphyta and their , Vyökatu 9 B 13, Fin-00160 Chalcidoidea. Helsinki, Finland Regions: North Fin land and ad ja cent area. Tel.: 358-3-247-5459 Current pro jects: Hymenoptera of Spitzbergen Fax.: 358-3-247-5586 Arc tic in ter ests: Microlepidoptera, Lepidoptera, Trichoptera, Odonata, Zooge og ra phy. Quan ti fi ca tion Ste phen W. Wil son De part ment of Biol ogy of pop u la tions. Central Mis souri State Univer sity Re gions: Border re gions of arc tic / sub arc tic Warrensburg, MO 64093 Current projects: Microlepidoptera of Scandi na vian U.S.A. sub arc tic, es pe cially Fin land. Circum po lar Tel. 660-543-8827 com par a tive taxon omy of Tortricoidea, Fax. 660-543-8006 Gracillariidae, Nepticuloidea. Will ing to ex change email: [email protected] Lepidoptera / Microlepidoptera from high arc tic / Arc tic inter ests: Tax on omy and ecol ogy of arc tic areas for same from sub arc tic / arc tic border Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea (planthoppers), es pe cially area of Finland / Scandi na via Delphacidae. Holarctic dis tri bu tions. Current pro jects: Life histo ries, distri bu tions, Hans Gerhard Riefenstahl revisionary studies, mor phol ogy of vari ous Zoologisches Institut und Mu seum planthopper taxa 20 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

MAILING LIST FOR ARCTIC INSECT NEWS

The cur rent mail ing list for this news let ter is re pro duced here to fa vour com mu ni ca tion among those in ter ested in arc tic in sects. An an no tated list can be found in Arc tic In sect News No. 4 (1993) with sup ple ments in No. 5, No. 6, No. 7 and No. 8.

Abisko Scientific Research Station Anatoly Babenko Dr. Valerie Behan-Pelletier P.O. Box 62 Institute of Evolutionary Eastern Cereal and Oilseed S - 981 07 Morphology and Ecology Research Centre Agriculture and Abisko, Sweden Leninsky pr. 33 Agri-Food Canada Moscow, Ottawa, Ontario Acadia University Russia 117071 Canada K1A 0C6 Vaughan Library Tel. 613-759-1799 Science Librarian’s Office J.S. Bale Fax. 613-759-1927 Wolfville, Nova Scotia School of Biological Sciences Email. [email protected] Canada B0P 1X0 University of Birminghame Birmingham, Valerie A. Bennett Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada United Kingdom Department of Zoology Entomology Research Library B15 2TT Miami University K.W. Neatby Building, Oxford, Ohio Room 4061 Dr. George E. Ball U.S.A. 45056 Ottawa, Ontario Department of Biological Sciences Tel. 513-529-3624 Canada K1A 0C6 University of Alberta Fax. 513-529-6900 CW 405 Biological Science Centre Email. Dr. C. W. Aitchison Edmonton, Alberta [email protected] 4664 Spurraway Rd. Canada T6G 2E9 Kamloops, British Columbia Tel. 403-492-2084 Michail V. Berezin Canada V2H 1M7 Fax. 403-492-1767 Znamenskoye-Sadki Tel. 250-578-2663 Email. [email protected] All-Russian Research Institute of Email. [email protected] Nature Conservation Anatolii Basilievich Barkalov Moscow M-628, Tom Allen Zoological Museum Biological Russia 113628 1 Prince St., Suite 705 Institute Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Frunze str. 22 Dr. L. Bliss Canada B2Y 4L3 Novosibirisk, Department of Biology Russia 630091 University of Washington Dr. Robert S. Anderson Seattle, Washington Research Division Dr. Brian Barnes U.S.A. 98195 Canadian Museum of Nature University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 3443, Station “D” Institute of Arctic Biology Dr. William Block Ottawa, Ontario Fairbanks, Alaska British Antarctic Survey Canada K1P 6P4 U.S.A. 99775-0180 High Cross, Madingley Road Tel. 613-364-4060 Tel. 907-474-6067 Cambridge, Fax. 613-364-4027 Fax. 907-474-6967 England CB3 OET Email. [email protected] Email. [email protected] Dr. Jens Böcher Allan Ashworth Dr. John Baust Zoologisk Museum Geology Dept. SUNY University of Copenhagen North Dakota State University Centre for Cryobiological Research DK-2100 Fargo, North Dakota Binghamton, New York Universitets parken 15 U.S.A. 58105 U.S.A. 13901 Copenhagen O, Tel. 701-231-7919 Denmark ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 21

Dr. Art Borkent Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada U.S.S.R. 1171 Mallory R, R1-S20-C43 Lethbridge, Alberta Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow, Enderby, British Columbia Canada T1J 4B1 Russia 117071 Canada V0E 1V0 Tel. 403-327-4561 Tel. 604-833-0931 Fax. 403-382-3156 Churchill Northern Studies Centre Fax. 604-832-2146 Email. [email protected] P.O. Box 610 Email. [email protected] Churchill, Manitoba Canadian Museum of Nature Canada R0B 0E0 Tim Boulton Library Department of Biology Serials Section William H. Clark University of Victoria P.O. Box 3443, Station “D” The Orma J. Smith Museum of Victoria, British Columbia Ottawa, Ontario Natural History Canada V8W 2Y2 Canada K1P 6P4 Albertson College of Idaho Caldwell, Idaho Mr. Derek Bridgehouse Mr. Robert Cannings U.S.A. 83605 6292 Lawrence St. Natural History Section Halifax, Nova Scotia Royal British Columbia Museum Mr. James C. Cokendolpher Canada B3L 1J9 P.O. Box 9815, Stn. Prov. Govt. Biology Department email: Victoria, British Columbia Midwestern State University [email protected] Canada V8V 1X4 2007 - 29th Street Tel. 250-356-8242 Lubbock, Texas Dr. Fenja Brodo Fax. 250-387-5360 U.S.A. 79411 28 Benson St,. Email. Tel. 806-744-0318 Nepean, Ontario [email protected] Fax. 806-749-1055 Canada K2E 5J5 Email. [email protected] Tel. 613-723-2054 Mr. Sydney Cannings Email. [email protected] Resource Inventory Branch, Mr. Lonny Coote Ministry of Environment, Lands 78 Fairmeadow Drive Dr. Brian Brown and Parks Guelph, Ontario Entomology Section B.C. Conservation Data Centre Canada N1H 7W5 Natural History Museum of Los PO Box 9344 Stn. Prov. Govt. Email. [email protected] Angeles County Victoria, British Columbia 900 Exposition Blvd.Los Angeles, Canada V8W 9M1 Steve Coulson California Tel. 604-387-6250Fax. Institute of Zoology U.S.A. 90007 604-387-2733 University of Oslo Tel. 213-744-3363Fax. Email. P.O. Box 1050 213-746-2999 [email protected] Blindern, N-0316, Oslo Email. [email protected] Norway L3 3AF Mr. Kent Carlson Tel. 47 228 57311 Dr. Reinhart Brust Toxicology Department of Entomology DepartmentVirginia/Maryland Lynn Cousins University of Manitoba Regional College of Veterinary Iqaluit Research Centre Winnipeg, Manitoba Medicine Science Institute of the Northwest Canada R3T 2N2 1155 King Street Territories Christiansburg, Virginia P.O. Box 1198 Dr. Horace R. Burke U.S.A. 24073 Iqaluit, Northwest Territories Department of Entomology Tel. 540-382-3523 Canada X0A 0H0 Texas A & M University Fax. 540-231-4825 Dr. Jeffrey M. Cumming Room 412, Minnie Bell Heep Email. [email protected] Building Eastern Cereal and Oilseed College Station, Texas Dr. Yuri Chernov Research Centre U.S.A. 77843-247 Institute of Evolution, Ecology and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Morphology of Ottawa, Ontario Dr. Bob Byers Academy of Sciences of the Canada K1A 0C6 Lethbridge Research Centre Tel. 613-759-1834 22 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

Fax. 613-759-1927 Dr. A.F.G. Dixon Campus Box 450 Email. [email protected] School of Biological Sciences Boulder, Colorado University of East Anglia U.S.A. 80309 Dr. Douglas C. Currie Norwich, Tel. 303-492-5158 Centre for Biodiversity and England NR4 7TJ Fax. 303-492-6388 Conservation Biology Email. [email protected] Royal Ontario Museum Ms. Michelle Doberin 100 Queen’s Park University of Prince Edward Island Michael M. Ellsbury Toronto, Ontario University of Prince Edward Island ARS, Northern Grain Insects Canada M5S 2C6 550 University Ave. Research Laboratory Tel. 416-586-5532 Charlottetown, Prince Edward United States Department of Fax. 416-586-5863 Island Agriculture Email. [email protected] Canada C1A 4P3 2923 Medary Avenue Brookings, SD Dr. Hugh V. Danks Mr. J.A. Downes U.S.A. 57006 Biological Survey of Canada 877 Riddell Ave. N. Tel. 605-693-5212 (Terrestrial Arthropods) Ottawa, Ontario Fax. 605-693-5240 Canadian Museum of Nature Canada K2A 2V8 Email. P.O. Box 3443, Station “D” Tel. 613-722-8186 [email protected] Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1P 6P4 Prof. Igor P. Druzhinin Dennis Fielding Tel. 613-566-4787 Khabarovsk Complex Research University of Alaska Fairbanks Fax. 613-364-4021 Institute P. O. Box 757200 Email. [email protected] Far Eastern Branch of the Soviet Fairbanks, Alaska Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 99775 Danish Polar Center Kim Yu Chen str. 65 Tel. 907-474-2439 Strangade 100 H Khabarovsk, Email. [email protected] DK-1401 Russia 680063 Copenhagen K, Dr. Paul Fields Denmark Dr. Vladimir V. Dubatolov Cereal Research Centre Email. [email protected] Russian Academy of Sciences, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Siberian Branch 195 Dafoe Road Dr. H. Dastych Siberian Zoological Museum, Winnipeg, Manitoba Zoological Institute Institute of Animal Systematics Canada R3T 2M9 Martin-Luther-King Platz 3 and Ecology Tel. 204-983-1468 2000 Hamburg 13, Frunze street, 11, Fax. 204-983-4604 Germany Novosibirsk 91, Email. [email protected] Russia 630091 Dr. Douglas M. Davies Email. [email protected] Dr. A. Fjellberg Department of Biology Govneien 38 McMaster University Dr. John Duman N-3145 Tjöme, 1280 Main Street West Biology Department Norway Hamilton, Ontario University of Notre Dame Canada L8S 4K1 Notre Dame, Indiana U.S.A. 48556 Dr. Terry Galloway Tel. 905-525-9140 Department of Entomology Fax. 905-522-6066 Dr. John Edwards University of Manitoba Department of Zoology Winnipeg, Manitoba Dr. D.L. Denlinger University of Washington Canada R3T 2N2 Department of Entomology Seattle, Washington Tel. 204-474-6024 Ohio State University U.S.A. 98195 Fax. 204-275-0402 1735 Neil Avenue Email. Columbus, Ohio Dr. Scott A. Elias [email protected] U.S.A. 43210 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research Dr. Unn Gehrken University of Colorado Department of Biology ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 23

University of Oslo 51551 Range Road 212A Dr. Don Hilton P.O. Box 1050, Blindern Sherwood Park, Alberta Department of Biological Sciences N-0316 Oslo 3, Canada T8G 1B2 Bishop’s University Norway Tel. 403-922-3221 Lennoxville, Québec Canada J1M 1Z7 Dr. George H. Gerber Anette Grøngaard Tel. 819-822-9600 Research Station Zoological Museum Fax. 819-822-9661 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2 afd. Email. [email protected] 195 Dafoe Road Universitetsparken 15 Winnipeg, Manitoba 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Eric P. Hoberg Canada R3T 2M9 Denmark Biosystematic Parasitology Laboratory Dr. Donna J. Giberson Mr. Cris Guppy Livestock and Poultry Science Department of Biology Protection Section Institute University of Prince Edward Island B.C. Environment Bldg. 1180, BARC-EAST 550 University Ave. 322 Johnston Ave. Beltsville, Maryland Charlottetown, Prince Edward Quesnel, British Columbia U.S.A. 2070 Island Canada V2J 3M5 Canada C1A 4P3 Tel. 604-992-4490 Prof. Ian D. Hodkinson Tel. 902-566-0797 Fax. 604-992-4403 School of Biological and Earth Fax. 902-566-0740 Sciences Email. [email protected] Dr. Erning Han Liverpool John Moores University Department of Forestry Byrom Street Dr. Gary Gibson Laval University Liverpool, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Ste.-Foy, Québec United Kingdom L3 3AF Research Centre Canada G1K 7P4 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Tel. 418-656-2131, ext. 8129 Martin Holmstrup Ottawa, Ontario Fax. 418-656-7493 National Environmental Research Canada K1A 0C6 Institute Tel. 613-759-1823 Dr. Tiiu Hansen Department of Terrestrial Ecology Fax. 613-759-1927 Academy of Sciences of Estonia P.O. Box 314, DK-8600 Email. [email protected] Institute of Zoology and Botany Silkeborg, Denmark 21 Vanemuise Street Tel. 45 89201573 Dr. Robert M. Goldstein Tartu, Estonia Fax. 45 89201413 8714 21 Avenue, #C10 Email. [email protected] Brooklyn, New York Dr. Roman Hanzal U.S.A. 11214 Bezdrevska 15 J.E. Holzbach 3470 11 Ceske Budejovice, P.O. Box 82 Dr. Henri Goulet Czechoslovakia Kinmount, Ontario Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Canada Research Centre Dr. Rudolf Harmsen K0M 2A0 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Department of Biology Ottawa, Ontario Queen’s University Mr. Peter Hovingh Canada K1A 0C6 Kingston, Ontario 721 Second Avenue Tel. 613-759-1832 Canada K7L 3N6 Salt Lake City, Utah Fax. 613-759-1927 Tel. 613-545-6136 U.S.A. 84103 Email. [email protected] Fax. 613-545-6617 Email. Dr. F.W. Howard Frode Grenmar [email protected] Institute of Food and Agricultural Martin Linges vei 5 Sciences N-0692 Oslo, Dr. C. Hickey University of Florida Norway The University of Alberta Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Circumpolar Institute U.S.A. 33314 Dr. Graham C.D. Griffiths Edmonton, Alberta 117 Collingwood Cove Canada T6G 2E9 24 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

Dr. John Huber Dr. Erkii M. Laasonen Dr. Robin Leech Canadian Forest Service Vyökatu 9 B 13, Fin-00160 School of Resources and c/o ECORC, Agriculture and Helsinki, Finland Environmental Management Agri-Food Canada Tel.: 358-3-247-5459 Northern Alberta Institute of Ottawa, Ontario Fax.: 358-3-247-5586 Technology Canada K1A 0C6 Tel. 11762 - 106 Street 613-759-1840 Mr. Claude Labine Edmonton, Alberta Fax. 613-759-1927 10429 - 87 Ave. Canada T5G 2R1 Email. [email protected] Edmonton, Alberta Tel. 403-471-8850 Canada T6E 2PL Fax. 403-471-8590 Dr. Fiona F. Hunter Email. [email protected] Department of Biological Sciences Dr. J.D. Lafontaine Brock University Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Mr. Jeff Lemieux St. Catharines, Ontario Research Centre Natural Resources and Canada L2S 3A1 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Environmental Studies Ottawa, Ontario University of Northern British Dr. A. Ilyichov Canada K1A 0C6 Columbia 1st Rigsky Lane, 2-3-25 Tel. 613-759-1791 3333 University Way Moscow, Fax. 613-759-6901 Prince George, British Columbia Russia 129626 Email. [email protected] Canada V2N 4Z9 Tel. 604-960-5673 Dmitri R. Kasparyan Dr. David G. Larson Fax. 604-960-5538 Zoological Institute Department of Biology Email. [email protected] Russian Academy of Sciences Augustana University College St. Petersburg, 4901 - 46 Street Dr. Laurent LeSage Russia 199034 Camrose, Alberta Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Canada T4V 2K9 Research Centre Dr. Peter G. Kevan Fax. 403-679-1129 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Department of Environmental Email. [email protected] Ottawa, Ontario Biology Canada K1A 0C6 University of Guelph Dr. David J. Larson Tel. 613-759-1770 Guelph, Ontario Department of Biology Fax. 613-759-1926 Canada N1G 2W1 Memorial University of Email. [email protected] Tel. 519-824-4120, ext. 2479 Newfoundland Fax. 519-837-0442 St. John’s, Newfoundland Dr. David J. Lewis Email. [email protected] Canada A1B 3X9 Department of Natural Resource Tel. 709-737-4573 Sciences Dr. Seppo Koponen Fax. 709-737-3018 McGill University Department of Biology Email. Macdonald Campus Zoological Museum [email protected] 21,111 Lakeshore Rd SF-20500 Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec Turku 50, Randy Lauff Canada H9X 3V9 Finland Department of Biology Tel. 514-398-7907 St. Francis Xavier University Fax. 514-398-7624 Dr. R.M. Kristensen P.O. Box 5000 Email. [email protected] Zoological Museum 15 Antigonish, Nova Scotia DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Canada B2G 2W5 Dr. Stephen F. MacLean, Jr. Denmark Email. [email protected] Department of Biological Sciences University of Alaska Dr. Olga Kukal Dr. R.E. Lee Fairbanks, Alaska 1 Prince St., Suite 705 Department of Zoology U.S.A. 99701 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Miami University Canada B2Y 4L3 Oxford, Ohio Dr. Alain Maire Tel. 902-464-0513 U.S.A. 45056 Département de chimie et biologie Fax. 902-464-0592 Email. [email protected] ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 25

Université du Québec à Tel. 604-266-1113 Dr. Robert E. Nelson Trois-Rivières Fax. 604-266-1513 Department of Geology C.P. 500 Colby College Trois-Rivières, Québec Sharron Meier 5804 Mayflower Hill Dr. Canada G9A 5H7 31 Newbury Ave. Waterville, Maine Tel. 819-376-5054 Nepean, Ontario U.S.A. 04901-8858 Fax. 819-376-5084 Canada K2E 6K7 Tel. 207-872-3247 Email. Fax. 207-872-3555 [email protected] Kauri Mikkola Email. [email protected] FIN-00014 Donald F. Mairs University of Helsinki Janis Newhouse Maine Department of Agriculture P.O. Box 17 CP 7, 10225 #9 Hwy State House Station #28 Helsinki, Finland Rosedale, British Columbia Augusta, Maine Canada V0X 1X0 U.S.A. 04333 Dr. Donald H. Miller Email. [email protected] Department of Science Dr. O.L. Makarova Lyndon St. College Barry S. Nichols Severtsov Insitute of Ecology and Box 578, 2 Overlook Drive 7004 Ethan Allen Way Evolution Lyndonville, Vermont Louisville, Kentucky Leninsky pr., 33 U.S.A. 05851 U.S.A. 40272 Moscow, Tel. 802-626-9371 Russia 117071 Email. [email protected] North Dakota State University Department of Geosciences Dr. Steve Marshall Dr. R. Montgomerie Fargo, North Dakota Department of Environmental Department of Biology U.S.A. 58105-551 Biology Queen’s University University of Guelph Kingston, Ontario Dr. Rose O’Doherty Guelph, Ontario Canada K7L 3N6 Plant Protection Canada N1G 2W1 Ministry of Agriculture Tel. 519-824-4120, ext. 2720 Mr. Wm. Dean Morewood Central Farm Cayo Fax. 519-831-0442 Department of Biology Belize, Central America Email. University of Victoria [email protected] P.O. Box 1700 Dr. Tommy I. Olssen Victoria, British Columbia Department of Ecological Zoology Dr. Valin Marshall CanadaV8W 2Y2 University of Umeå Royal Roads University Tel. 604-721-7125 S-901 87 Umeå, Applied Research Division Fax. 604-721-7120 Sweden 2005 Sooke Rd. Email. [email protected] Victoria, British Columbia Erling Olafsson Canada V9B 5Y2 Dr. Alan V. Morgan P.O. Box 5320 Department of Earth Sciences 125 Reykjavik, Dr. J.V. Matthews, Jr. University of Waterloo Iceland 23 Sherry Lane Waterloo, Ontario Ottawa, Ontario Canada N2L 3G1 D.R. Oliver Canada K2G 3L4 Tel. 519-888-4567, ext. 3029 Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Tel. 613-226-8781 Fax. 519-746-0183 Research Centre Fax. 613-226-8781 Email. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Email. [email protected] [email protected] Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0C6 Dr. Paul E.K. McElligott Natural History Museum Aquatic Resources Ltd. Department of Library and Dr. Kenelm Philip 9010 Oak St. Information Service Institute of Arctic Biology Vancouver, British Columbia Acquisitions Section University of Alaska Canada V6P 4B9 Cromwell Road P.O. Box 757000 London, England SW7 5BD Fairbanks, Alaska 26 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

U.S.A. 99775-7000 Dr. David A. Raworth Tel. 403-433-8062 Tel. 907-479-2689 Pacific Agricultural Research Fax. 403-433-4753 Fax. 907-474-6967 Centre Email. [email protected] Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Dr. D.S. Saunders P.O. Box 1000 Department of Zoology E.M. Pike Agassiz, British Columbia University of Edinburgh Department of Biological Sciences Canada V0M 1A0 West Mains Road University of Calgary Tel. 604-796-2221 Edinburgh, Calgary, Alberta Fax. 604-796-0359 Scotland EH9 3JT Canada T2N 1N4 Email. [email protected] Stefan Schmidt Dr. Adrian C. Pont Dr. Hans Gerhard Riefenstahl Zoological Institute and Zoological Hope Entomological Collections Zoologisches Institut und Museum Museum University Museum Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3 University of Hamburg Parks Road D 20146 Hamburg, Germany Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3 Oxford, Oxfordshire Tel. 040-428-385-630 D-20146 Hamburg, U.K. 0X1 3PW Fax: 040-428-383-937 Germany Tel. 44-1865-272950 Email: [email protected] Fax. 44-1865-272970 Dr. Joseph David Shorthouse Dr. Richard Ring Department of Biology Dr. Yves Prévost Department of Biology Laurentian University Faculty of Forestry University of Victoria Sudbury, Ontario Lakehead University Victoria, British Columbia Canada P3E 2C6 955 Oliver Road Canada V8W 2Y2 Tel. 705-675-1151 Thunder Bay, Ontario Tel. 250-721-7102 Fax. 705-675-4859 Canada P7B 5E1 Fax. 250-721-7120 Email. Tel. 807-343-8342 Email. [email protected] [email protected] Fax. 807-343-8116 Email. [email protected] Heikki Roininen Robert E. Skidmore University of Joensuu Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Dr. Gordon Pritchard P.O. Box 111 K.W. Neatby Building Department of Biological Sciences Joensuu, Ottawa, Ontario University of Calgary Finland 80101 Canada K1A 0C6 Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4 Keith Roney Dr. Ales Smetana Tel. 403-220-6791 Museum of Natural History Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Fax. 403-289-9311 Wascana Park Research Centre Email. [email protected] Regina, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Canada S4P 3V7 Ottawa, Ontario Dr. Andrew S. Pullin Canada K1A 0C6 School of Biological Sciences Dr. Tania Rossolimo Tel. 613-759-1808 The University of Birmingham A.N. Severtzov Institute of Fax. 613-759-6901 Edgbaston, Birmingham Evolutionary Animal Morphology Email. [email protected] England B15 2TT and Ecology Email. [email protected] U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences Dr. Lauritz Sømme 33 Leninsky Prospekt Department of Biology Dr. Hans Ramløv Moscow, V-71, University of Oslo Chemical Institute, Kem Lab. III Russia P.O. Box 1050, Blindern University of Copenhagen N-0316 Oslo 3, Universitetsparken 5 Dr. James Ryan Norway DK-2100 Ryan & Hilchie Biological Copenhagen Ø, Consultants Ltd. Dr. Felix Sperling Denmark 8613 - 108A St. University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta Department of Biological Sciences Canada T6E 4M7 Edmonton, Alberta ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 27

Canada T6G 2E9 Tel. 204-269-4229 Robert D. Waltz Email. [email protected] Fax. 204-983-4604 Entomology and Plant Pathology Email. [email protected] Department of Natural Resources R.K. Stewart 402 West Washington St. Département des Sciences des Res. University of Alberta Indianapolis, Indiana Nat. Cameron Library U.S.A. 46204 McGill University Acquisitions Division - Serials Macdonald Campus Section Dr. Nigel R. Webb 21,111, Lakeshore Rd. Edmonton, Alberta Furzebrook Research Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec Canada T6G 2J8 StationInstitute of Terrestrial Canada H9X 3V9 Ecology University of Washington Libraries Wareham, Dorset Dr. Ken Storey Government Publications United Kingdom BH20 5AS Department of Biology Box 352900 Carleton University Seattle, Washington Mr. Gary V. White Ottawa, Ontario U.S.A. 98195-2900 Inuvik Research Centre Canada K1S 5B6 Science Institute of the Northwest Dr. R. Ushatinskaya Territories Dr. Peter Suedfeld BD.1, Fl. 83, Vavilov Str. 31 P.O. Box 1430 Dean of Graduate Studies Moscow, Inuvik, Northwest Territories University of British Columbia Russia 117312 Canada X0E 0T0 #235-2075 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver, British Columbia Dr. Philippe Vernon Dr. Stephen W. Wilson Canada V6T 1Z3 Station Biologique de Paimpont Department of Biology Université de Rennes I Central Missouri State University Dr. Bo W. Svensson 35380 Plélan le Grand Warrensburg, MO Uppsala University Rennes, France U.S.A. 64093 Section of Animal Ecology Tel. 660-543-8827 Villavägen 9, Suppsala 951030 Dr. Vernon R. Vickery Fax. 660-543-8006 Sweden 47 Wade Street Email: Kentville, Nova Scotia [email protected] Dr. C. Tarnocai Canada B4N 1B5 Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Tel. 902-678-5240 Dr. D. Monty Wood Research Centre Email. 635 Richmond Road #3 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada [email protected] Ottawa, Ontario Ottawa, Ontario Canada K2A 0G6 Canada K1A 0C6 Veli Vikberg Tel. 613-722-9213 Liinalammintie 11 as.6 Fax. 613-722-9213 Mr. John S. Taylor FIN-14200 Department of Biological Sciences Turenki Finland Roger Worland Simon Fraser University Tel. 358-3-6881297 British Antarctic Survey Burnaby, British Columbia Fax. 358-3-6881297 High Cross Madingley Road Canada V5A 1S6 Cambridge, U.K. Email. [email protected] Dr. E.B. Vinogradova Laboratory of Experimental Dr. K.E. Zachariassen Jim Troubridge Entomology Department of Zoology 989 235th Street Zoological Institute Univerisity of Trondheim Langley, British Columbia St. Petersburg, Russia 199034 7055 Dragvoll, Norway Canada V6T 6H5 Tel. 604-533-5712 Ian Walker Alexei Zinovjev Department of Biology Zoological Institute Dr. W.J. Turnock Okanagan University College Russian Academy of Sciences 28 Vassar Road North Kelowna Campus St. Petersburg, Winnipeg, Manitoba Kelowna, British Columbia Russia 199034 Canada R3T 3M9 Canada V1Y 4X8 28 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

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Please re turn this completed form to: Sec re tar iat, Bio log i cal Sur vey of Can ada, (Ter res trial Arthro pods), Ca na dian Mu seum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Sta tion D, Ot tawa, On tario, K1P 6P4 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999 29

CON TRIB U TORS TO THIS ISSUE

Thomas Allen is Vice President of Atlantic Low Temperature Systems, a company involved in low temperature applications such as food storage. He has various engineering and biological interests in arctic and related themes. Valerie A. Bennett is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Zoology at Miami Univer sity in Ox ford, Ohio, USA under the co-advisorship of Drs. Rich ard Lee and Olga Kukal. Her disser ta tion research addresses meta bolic regulation in diapause and overwintering insects. Hugh V. Danks is a research scien tist at the Ca na dian Mu seum of Nature in Ottawa, where he is Head of the Secre tar iat for the Bi o log i cal Sur vey of Can ada (Terres trial Arthro pods). He has broad in ter ests in the Ca na dian and arc tic in sect fau nas, and in modes of seasonal adap ta tion in insects, such as life cy cles, diapause and cold-hardiness. Olga Kukal is an adjunct professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Victoria, British Columbia. She is interested in several aspects of arctic biology, and in particular has studied the life cycle, many elements of cold hardiness, and other features of the lymantriid moth Gynaephora groenlandica. Recently she has been considering wider aspects of cold-hardiness, and some specific elements of the low temperature storage of various organisms and foods. Richard E. Lee Jr. is a professor in the Department of Zoology, Miami Uni ver sity, Ox ford, Ohio. His research fo cuses on phys i o log i cal and eco log i cal mech a nisms of cold tol er a nce in temper ate and po lar insects, dor mancy and win ter ecol ogy of ecto therms, and the use of ice-nu cle at ing ac tive micro or gan isms for the bi o log i cal control of insect pests. Hans Petter Leinaas is a professor at the Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Norway. He is in ter ested in popu la tion dynam ics, trophic inter ac tions and life-history strate gi es in rela tion to seasonal cli mate and habi tat het er o ge ne ity. Dur ing the last de cade he has worked mainly with Collembola on Svalbard, but also on sea urchin-kelp interactions. David B. Levin is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biology at the Uni ver sity of Victo ria. He is a molec u lar virol o gist, an ento mol o gist, and a spe cial ist in biotec hnol ogy and its ap pli ca tion to bi o log i cal control of insects. Dr. Levin is involved in a wide range of research ac tiv i ties from the molec u lar biol ogy of baculoviruses and cancer to fo ren sic DNA anal y sis. Lauritz Sømme is pro fes sor emeri tus and pres ently Se nior Research Fel low in the Depart ment of Biol ogy at the Uni ver sity of Oslo, Norway. He has long-standing inter ests in the cold-hardiness and related ad ap ta tions of mites, col lem bo lans and insects from al pine, antarc tic and arc tic regions. 30 ARCTIC INSECT NEWS No. 10, 1999

Arctic Insect News is published annually by the Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods) to support the Survey’s aim of encouraging further work on arctic invertebrates. Editor: H.V. Danks, Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods), Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station “D”, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1P 6P4. Tel: (613) 566-4787; Fax: (613) 364-4021; E-mail: [email protected]. Items of interest to those studying arctic insects are welcomed by the editor. Copy deadline for the 2000 issue, to be published in December, is October 15, 2000.