Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Study

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY

HOLT PROJECT

(FERC PROJECT NO. 2203)

FINAL REPORT

Prepared for: ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

Prepared by:

FEBRUARY 2012

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY

HOLT PROJECT

FINAL REPORT

Prepared for: ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

Prepared by:

FEBRUARY 2012

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY

HOLT PROJECT

FINAL REPORT

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 2

2.0 METHODS ...... 3 2.1 ENTRAINMENT ...... 3 2.1.1 DEFINE THE ENTRAINMENT DATABASE ...... 3 2.1.2 FISH ENTRAINMENT RATES ...... 4 2.1.3 SPECIES AND SIZE COMPOSITION ...... 4 2.1.4 TURBINE FLOWS ...... 5 2.1.5 CALCULATION OF ENTRAINMENT ESTIMATES ...... 5 2.2 TURBINE MORTALITY ...... 6 2.2.1 TURBINE MORTALITY DATABASE ...... 7 2.2.2 TURBINE MORTALITY RATE ...... 7 2.2.3 CALCULATION OF THE TURBINE MORTALITY ESTIMATE ...... 7

3.0 RESULTS ...... 8 3.1 ENTRAINMENT ...... 8 3.1.1 ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF FISH ENTRAINED BY MONTH AND SEASON ...... 8 3.1.2 NUMBER OF FISH ENTRAINED WITHIN EACH FAMILY GROUP BY SEASON ...... 8 3.1.3 NUMBER OF ENTRAINED FISH WITHIN EACH 25MM (1-INCH) LENGTH-GROUP FOR EACH FAMILY GROUP ...... 8 3.2 TURBINE MORTALITY ...... 8

4.0 DISCUSSION ...... 9

5.0 LITERATURE CITED ...... 10

i TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT’D.)

LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 ENTRAINMENT RATE INFORMATION FROM THE 9-STUDY DATABASE (FISH/MCF OF WATER) ...... 1 TABLE 2 SPECIES LIKELY TO OCCUR IN THE VICINITY OF HOLT LOCK AND DAM GROUPED BY FAMILIES (SOURCE: CHRIS GREENE, PERSONAL COMMUNICATION, AS MODIFIED BY KLEINSCHMIDT) ...... 2 TABLE 3 FAMILY GROUP ENTRAINMENT ESTIMATES (PERCENT) (FROM THE FROM THE 9-STUDY DATABASE) ...... 5 TABLE 4 ANNUAL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH FAMILY/GENUS GROUPS IN THE ENTRAINMENT DATABASE (BY PERCENT) ...... 8 TABLE 5 TOTAL MONTHLY FLOWS THROUGH THE HOLT PROJECT (MILLION CUBIC FEET) FROM 2000 THROUGH 2010 AND 10-YEAR AVERAGE...... 9 TABLE 6 SUMMARY OF MORTALITY RATES BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FOR KAPLAN/PROPELLER-TYPE TURBINE STUDIES ...... 10 TABLE 7 TOTAL NUMBER OF FISH ENTRAINED BY MONTH AND BY SEASON ...... 11 TABLE 8 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FISH POTENTIALLY ENTRAINED WITHIN EACH FAMILY GROUP BY SEASON ...... 11 TABLE 9 ANNUAL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH FAMILY/GENUS GROUPS IN THE ENTRAINMENT DATABASE ...... 12 TABLE 10 WINTER SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE ...... 13 TABLE 11 SPRING SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE ...... 14 TABLE 12 SUMMER SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE ...... 15 TABLE 13 FALL SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE ...... 16 TABLE 14 ESTIMATED ANNUAL TOTAL NUMBER OF POTENTIALLY ENTRAINED FISH KILLED DUE TO TURBINE MORTALITY AT THE HOLT PROJECT ...... 17 TABLE 15 ANNUAL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUPS ...... 18 TABLE 16 WINTER SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP ...... 19 TABLE 17 SPRING SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP ...... 20 TABLE 18 SUMMER SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP ...... 21 TABLE 19 FALL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP ...... 22

LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A STUDY PLAN APPENDIX B SUPPORTING STUDY DATA APPENDIX C FRESHWATER DRUM INFORMATION APPENDIX D AGENCY QUESTIONS/COMMENTS AND ALABAMA POWER RESPONSE APPENDIX E ANNUAL AND MONTHLY FLOW DURATION CURVES

APC - Holt\Studies\Entrainment\2012-2-3 Holt Entrainment Report Final.docx

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY

HOLT PROJECT

FINAL REPORT

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Alabama Power Company (Alabama Power) is currently in the process of relicensing the existing 46.9 megawatt (MW) Holt Hydroelectric Project (License No. 2203). The Holt Hydroelectric Project (“Holt” or “Project”) is located on the Black Warrior River at the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Holt Lock and Dam in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama. The Project stakeholders agreed to address fish entrainment and turbine mortality through the use of a “paper based” study. Kleinschmidt used a database of nine studies to estimate potential entrainment at the Project. This analysis estimated that 687,851 fish are potentially entrained by the Project annually. Kleinschmidt also used the database as well as site-specific information to determine the species composition and length frequency of the fish entrainment estimate. The major families of fish represented in this estimate are Clupeidae, Centrarchidae-panfish, and Ictaluridae. Most of the fish in this estimate were six inches or smaller. Turbine mortality estimates for Kaplan/propeller type turbines were based on 58 studies which ranged from 3.9 to 37% and were species specific. When these percentages were applied to the entrainment estimate, it was predicted that 66,768 fish are lost by turbine operation at the Project in an average water year.

ES-1

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY

HOLT PROJECT

FINAL REPORT

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Alabama Power’s existing FERC license for the Project expires on August 31, 2015; therefore Alabama Power’s relicense application for a new operating license must be filed with the FERC on or before August 31, 2013. Alabama Power is developing a new license application using the Traditional Licensing Process (TLP) (18 C.F.R. § 5.6 and 16.8). Relicensing stakeholders identified fish entrainment and turbine mortality as an issue to address during relicensing of the Holt Project. Alabama Power proposed to perform a desktop entrainment and turbine mortality analysis to address stakeholder concerns (see Study Plan, Appendix A).

The goals of this “desktop” Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Study were to: a. Estimate the number, species composition, and length frequency distribution of fish potentially entrained at the Project annually; and b. Estimate the number, species composition, and length frequency of fish potentially lost annually due to turbine mortality.

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Holt Project was placed into service in 1968 by Alabama Power. The powerhouse contains a 46,944 kilowatt (kW) generator connected to a fixed-blade propeller turbine rated at 61,333 horsepower (hp) with a net head of 60 feet and a 115 kilovolt (kV) substation. The turbine has a minimum hydraulic capacity of 1,000 cubic foot per second (cfs), and maximum hydraulic capacity of 11,200 cfs. The runner speed is 100 revolutions per minute (rpm) and the runner diameter is 239.5 inches.

The Project has steel trashrack panels that cover the intake area that feeds water to the turbine. The trashrack bar rack spacing is 6 inches wide. After flowing through the turbine, the water releases directly back into the Black Warrior River.

The facility has 14 individually operated Tainter gates, which are used for pool level management to support navigation and flood control. The maximum reservoir level for the spillway design flood as determined by the USACE is El. 206.4', which is 0.6 feet below the top of the embankment dam, gravity section, and intake.

The navigation lock was placed in operation in May 1966 (USACE, 2009a). The lock chamber dimensions are 110 feet wide and 600 feet long (USACE, 2009b). The lock allows for water vessels to pass both upstream and downstream at the dam. An average of three to five vessels pass through the lock daily.

2.0 METHODS

2.1 ENTRAINMENT

Fish entrainment is the passage of fish through the trash rack, penstock, and turbines into the tailrace of a development. The goal of this desktop study was to characterize and provide an order-of-magnitude estimate of potential fish entrainment using existing literature and site specific information. The primary steps in this analysis included: a. Define the entrainment database that can be applied to the Holt Project; b. Use the entrainment database to develop potential fish entrainment rates, family, and size composition; c. Determine the average monthly turbine flows for the Project; and d. Estimate the number, family, and size composition of fish potentially entrained through the Holt Project.

These steps are described in the following sections.

2.1.1 DEFINE THE ENTRAINMENT DATABASE

Over 70 site-specific studies of resident fish entrainment and mortality at hydroelectric sites in the United States have been performed and reported on to date. These studies provide order-of- magnitude estimates of annual fish entrainment (FERC, 1995). Table B-1 in Appendix B shows information from 77 of these studies. Descriptive information gathered from each entrainment study includes: a. Project name and FERC project number; b. Location: state and river; c. Project size: discharge capacity and power production; d. Physical project characteristics: trash rack spacing, intake velocity, etc.; e. Project operation: e.g., peaking run-of-river, etc.; f. Biological factors: fishery type; and g. Impoundment characteristics: impoundment size, flow regime.

Using these criteria, the list of entrainment studies was reduced to nine sites. The entrainment rate information from these nine studies is presented in Table 1 (Entrainment Rate Information from the 9-Study Database) and Table 3 (Family Group Entrainment Estimates).

Freshwater Drum

Entrainment data from two studies where freshwater drum entrainment was experienced were used to estimate potential freshwater drum entrainment at the Project. A summary of the two studies and a table depicting characteristics of the original nine study sites, and two additional freshwater drum study sites, is provided in Appendix C (Table C-1).

2.1.2 FISH ENTRAINMENT RATES

The monthly entrainment rate information from the selected entrainment studies was consolidated to determine potential fish entrainment rates. All entrainment rates were converted to fish per million cubic feet (mcf) of water passed through the Project turbines (Study Plan, Appendix A). Because of gaps in monthly data, monthly rates were averaged to develop seasonal entrainment rates (Table 1, Entrainment Rate Information from the 9-Study Database) for the Holt Project.

Seasons were defined as follows: Winter: December, January, February Spring: March, April, May Summer: June, July, August Fall: September, October, November

2.1.3 SPECIES AND SIZE COMPOSITION

Chris Greene, Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR), provided a list of species likely to occur in the vicinity of the Project (personal communication, February 28, 2011) (Appendix D). The individual species were grouped into families (Table 2, Species Likely to Occur in the Vicinity of Holt Lock and Dam Grouped by Families) to compare with the families in the entrainment study database. Some families likely to occur in the Project Vicinity were not included in the entrainment database. These species are more likely to prefer open water habitat (Belonidae, specifically Atlantic needlefish), are not currently present (Polyodontidae, specifically paddlefish), or are found in tributaries (Fundulidae, Petromyzontidae, and Elassomatidae). Information was added to incorporate the family Sciaenidae (freshwater drum), see Section 2.1.1.

The species composition data from each accepted entrainment study was analyzed to determine the general species and sizes of fish typically entrained at other hydroelectric projects in the study database. This information was grouped to yield estimates of family group (Table 3, Family Group Entrainment Estimates) and size composition (Table 4, Annual Size Composition of Fish Family/Genus Groups in the Entrainment Database) for potentially entrained fish.

2.1.4 TURBINE FLOWS

Average monthly turbine flows in day-second-feet (the flow rate measured in cfs averaged out over one day) were provided by Alabama Power for the period 2000 through 2010 (Alabama Power, 2011). In addition, as part of the Pre-Application Document (PAD) annual and monthly flow duration curves for the Project were developed using inflow values into Holt Lock and Dam which are calculated based on basin inflows and releases from the dam (see Appendix E). The average monthly turbine flows were converted to total monthly flows in mcf (Table 5, Total Monthly Flows Through the Holt Project). A day-second-foot is the volume of water accumulated in one day by a flow of one cubic foot per second. One day-second-foot is equivalent to approximately 1.9835 acre-feet (acre-ft). One acre-ft is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet. The average flows were multiplied by days in the month to calculate total monthly flows. This flow data was used in combination with entrainment rate data from the nine study database to estimate the number of fish potentially entrained at the Project (see Section 2.1.5).

2.1.5 CALCULATION OF ENTRAINMENT ESTIMATES

The calculation of entrainment estimates for the Project follow a stepwise process, utilizing the inputs described in the previous sections. These steps are described below.

Step 1 – Total Number of Fish Entrained by Month and Season

The total number of fish entrained is based on two parameters: seasonal fish entrainment rate (fish per mcf of water) and Project operation (mcf of water passed through the turbines). To calculate the total number of fish entrained by month, the appropriate seasonal entrainment rate was multiplied by the corresponding monthly turbine flow (see example below). Seasonal totals

were produced by simply adding the total number of fish entrained for each month within a season.

Example: 5.0 fish/mcf of water * 1,000 mcf = 5,000 fish

Step 2 – Number of Entrained Fish Within Each Family Group by Season

The percentages for each family group are based on data from the entrainment study database (see Section 2.1.3). The composition of entrained fish is represented as a percentage of the total number of fish entrained for each season. To calculate the number of entrained fish within each family group by season, the total number of entrained fish by season (from Step 1) was multiplied by the family group seasonal composition percentages.

Example: Total number of fish entrained in Spring = 100,000 Spring composition percentage of Clupeidae = 35% 100,000 * 0.35 = 35,000 Clupeidae entrained in Spring

Step 3 – Number of Entrained Fish Within Each 25mm (1-inch) Length-Group for Each Family Group

The size composition breakdown for each family group is based on data from the entrainment study database. The size composition of each family group of entrained fish is represented as a percentage for each season (see Section 2.1.3). To calculate the number of entrained fish within each 25mm length-group for each family group, the total number of entrained fish estimated for each family group was multiplied by the appropriate seasonal size composition percentage.

2.2 TURBINE MORTALITY

As fish are entrained through hydroelectric turbines, some percentages of those fish are killed due to turbine mortality (i.e., blade strikes, shear forces, pressure changes, etc.). This assessment included the following steps, as outlined in the Study Plan (Appendix A): a. Define a mortality database; b. Develop mortality rates for each family group of fish; and c. Apply mortality rates to the entrainment estimate.

2.2.1 TURBINE MORTALITY DATABASE

Turbine passage survival studies have been performed at numerous hydroelectric projects throughout the country over the past 15 or more years. Characteristics of these identified projects were compared to the characteristics of the Holt Project and appropriate studies were selected for the transfer of turbine mortality data.

Alabama Power reviewed other project mortality studies and narrowed the list down to the most applicable studies for use in the Holt turbine mortality database (Study Plan, Appendix A). Several criteria were applied during this process: a. Turbine type b. Species of fish tested c. Detail of study information available or quality of the study

When these criteria were applied, 58 turbine mortality studies (for 13 projects) remained in the database. Pertinent data from these studies is presented in tabular form in Appendix B (Table B- 2).

2.2.2 TURBINE MORTALITY RATE

Information from each of the species/family groups tested in turbine mortality studies was compiled and presented in Table 6 (Summary of Mortality Rates by Family/Genus Group for Kaplan/Propeller-Type Turbine Studies). Within each species/family group, mortality rates for similarly sized fish were averaged to produce a composite mortality rate. In cases where turbine mortality test data was not available for certain species/family groups, mortality rates for fish species with similar body types and size ranges were used.

2.2.3 CALCULATION OF THE TURBINE MORTALITY ESTIMATE

Estimates of turbine mortality at the Project were calculated by applying the mortality rates from the study database to the entrainment estimates.

3.0 RESULTS

3.1 ENTRAINMENT

The mean seasonal entrainment rates used to estimate potential fish entrainment at the Project are presented in Table 1 (Entrainment Rate Information from the 9-Study Database). The estimated number of fish potentially entrained for each month was calculated by multiplying the ten-year average monthly turbine flow for the Project (Table 7, Total Number of Fish Entrained by Month and by Season) by the appropriate mean seasonal entrainment rate developed from the entrainment study database.

3.1.1 ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF FISH ENTRAINED BY MONTH AND SEASON

The estimated number of fish potentially entrained for each month and season at the Project is presented in Table 7 (Total Number of Fish Entrained by Month and by Season). When all monthly entrainment estimates were calculated and summed, the estimated annual fish entrainment was 687,851.

3.1.2 NUMBER OF FISH ENTRAINED WITHIN EACH FAMILY GROUP BY SEASON

The estimated number of fish potentially entrained within each family group by season is presented in Table 8 (Estimated Number of Fish Potentially Entrained Within Each Family Group by Season). Three groups that accounted for a majority of the estimated entrainment were the Clupeidae (44%), Centrarchidae-panfish (20%), and Ictaluridae (17%).

3.1.3 NUMBER OF ENTRAINED FISH WITHIN EACH 25MM (1-INCH) LENGTH-GROUP FOR EACH FAMILY GROUP

The estimated number of potentially entrained fish within each 25mm (1inch) length-group for each family group annually and for each season is presented in Table 9 (Annual Size Composition of Fish Family/Genus Groups in the Entrainment Database).

3.2 TURBINE MORTALITY

As noted in Section 2.2.2, mortality test data was unavailable for certain family groups estimated to be entrained at the Project. As such, data from studies on similar fish species were used as a substitute. Turbine mortality rates for each family group and length-group are presented in Table 6 (Summary of Mortality Rates by Family/Genus Group for Kaplan/Propeller-Type Turbine Studies), including an indication of which groups lacked study data and which groups were used as substitutes.

Table 6 (Summary of Mortality Rates by Family/Genus Group for Kaplan/Propeller-Type Turbine Studies) depicts the summary of mortality rates for the Holt Project. When turbine mortality rates were applied to the estimates of fish entrainment (Table 14, Estimated Annual Total Number of Potentially Entrained Fish Killed Due to Turbine Mortality at the Holt Project), a total of 66,768 fish are estimated to be killed annually due to turbine mortality.

Table 15 (Annual Size Composition of Fish Killed by Family/Genus Groups) depicts the total number of fish in each family group and length group estimated to be killed annually and for each season.

4.0 DISCUSSION

The methodology used in this entrainment and turbine mortality study was based on similar approaches used in other hydro relicensings and incorporated data from numerous FERC- accepted studies. The study plan was developed with the input of Holt Stakeholders.

This report provides order-of-magnitude estimates of potential fish entrainment and turbine mortality at the Holt Project. The results of this study will be used in the preparation of the Holt Final License Application.

5.0 LITERATURE CITED

Alabama Power Company (Alabama Power). 2011. Water Use at the Holt Project. Birmingham, AL. 75pp. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). 1995. Preliminary assessment of fish entrainment at hydropower projects – volume 1 (Paper No. DPR-10). Office of Hydropower Licensing, FERC, Washington, DC. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2009a. Black Warrior-Tombigbee River Systems. [Online] URL: http://www.sam.usace.army.mil/op/tu/Project_Links.htm. Accessed on December 29, 2009. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2009b. Holt Lake: Overview. [Online] URL: http://bwt.sam.usace.army.mil/Holt/. Accessed on December 29, 2009.

TABLES

TABLE 1 ENTRAINMENT RATE INFORMATION FROM THE 9-STUDY DATABASE (FISH/MCF OF WATER)

SITE NAME DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV ALL AVG. INTER PRING F UMMER S W S

Ninety-Nine Islands 0 2.8 5.6 0.8 2.1 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 2.7 5.5 3.3 3.4 Gaston Shoals 0.5 1.3 1.4 0.6 5 1.5 8.8 9 8.3 3.6 2.3 0.4 3.6 Neals Shoals 0.9 nd nd 6.7 Nd 9.5 7.7 nd 4.6 nd 4 nd 5.6 Hollidays Bridge 3.3 2.2 0.8 6.5 3.7 11.6 7.1 7.1 7.1 2.9 3.1 1.2 4.7 Saluda Hydro 5.4 2.2 5.4 nd Nd nd 10.1 8.1 5.8 5.5 12.6 4.8 6.7 Richard B. Russell 1.1 6.8 33.6 1 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.6 0.4 2.6 4.1 King Mill nd nd nd 7.3 4 5.2 3.1 3.4 3.6 nd 8.2 4.7 4.9 Moore's Park 0.6 0.2 0.8 3.5 7.6 2.9 3.2 5.7 15.6 6.4 3.8 0.2 4.2 Kleber 1.38 nd 0.82 0.44 51.6 2.89 2.31 3.04 5.38 11.03 14.74 5.16 9 AVERAGE 1.7 2.6 6.9 4.57 3.4 10.7 4.8 6.11 5.2 5.2 6.2 5.56 4.7 6.1 2.8 3.67 5.02

Tables – Page 1

TABLE 2 SPECIES LIKELY TO OCCUR IN THE VICINITY OF HOLT LOCK AND DAM GROUPED BY FAMILIES (SOURCE: CHRIS GREENE, PERSONAL COMMUNICATION, AS MODIFIED BY KLEINSCHMIDT)

FAMILY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME PETROMYZONTIDAE Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei southern brook lamprey Lampetra aepyptera least brook lamprey POLYODONTIDAE Polyodon spathula paddlefish

LEPISOSTEIDAE Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose gar ANGUILLIDAE Anguilla rostrata American eel

CLUPEIDAE Alosa alabamae Alabama shad Alosa chrysochloris skipjack herring Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad

CYPRINIDAE Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella trichroistia tricolor shiner Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Hybognathus hayi cypress minnow Hybognathus nuchalis Mississippi silvery minnow Hybopsis winchelli clear chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Macrhybopsis sp. cf aestivalis undescribed speckled chub Macrhybopsis storeriana silver chub Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis ammophilus orangefin shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis amplamala longjaw minnow Notropis candidus silverside shiner Notropis edwardraneyi fluvial shiner Notropis maculatus taillight shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub

Tables – Page 2

FAMILY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME CATOSTOMIDAE Carpiodes cyprinus quillback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Cycleptus meridionalis southeastern blue sucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Erimyzon sucetta lake chubsucker Erimyzon tenuis sharpfin chubsucker Hypentelium etowanum Alabama hog sucker Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse Moxostoma poecilurum blacktail redhorse

ICTALURIDAE Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus furcatus blue catfish Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus leptacanthus speckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish

ESOCIDAE Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel APHREDODERIDAE Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch ATHERINOPSIDAE Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside BELONIDAE Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish FUNDULIDAE Fundulus olivaceous blackspotted topminnow POECILIIDAE Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish ELASSOMATIDAE Elassoma zonatum banded pygmy sunfish SCIAENIDAE Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum

CENTRARCHIDAE-PANFISH AND BLACK BASS Centrarchus macropterus flier Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie

Tables – Page 3

FAMILY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Ambloplites ariommus shadow bass Micropterus coosae redeye bass Micropterus henshalli Alabama bass Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass MORONIDAE Morone saxatilis X Morone chrysops striped bass hybrid Morone saxatilis striped bass Morone chrysops white bass PERCIDAE Ammocrypta beanii naked sand darter Ammocrypta meridiana southern sand darter Etheostoma artesiae redspot darter Etheostoma chlorosoma bluntnose darter Etheostoma lachneri Tombigbee darter Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma proeliare cypress darter Etheostoma rupestre rock darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Percina brevicauda coal darter Percina kathae Mobile logperch Percina lenticula freckled darter Percina maculata blackside darter Percina nigrofasciata blackbanded darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Percina suttkusi Gulf logperch Percina vigil saddleback darter Sander vitreus walleye

Tables – Page 4

TABLE 3 FAMILY GROUP ENTRAINMENT ESTIMATES (PERCENT) (FROM THE FROM THE 9-STUDY DATABASE)

NAME FAMILY WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL ANNUAL threadfin shad Clupeidae 50.69 12.23 9.05 21.78 23.44 gizzard shad Clupeidae 19.85 12.78 6.39 9.59 12.15 blueback herring Clupeidae 2.86 10.20 1.98 0.75 3.95 Clupeidae 73.40 35.21 17.42 32.12 39.54 bluegill Centrarchidae 2.52 12.13 25.93 27.40 16.99 redbreast sunfish Centrarchidae 0.09 4.57 9.20 4.01 4.47 black crappie Centrarchidae 0.94 1.10 0.46 2.26 1.19 redear sunfish Centrarchidae 0.09 2.04 0.92 1.46 1.13 white crappie Centrarchidae 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.42 0.13 dollar sunfish Centrarchidae 0.11 0.18 0.09 0.13 0.13 warmouth Centrarchidae 0.01 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.04 bluespotted sunfish Centrarchidae 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 green sunfish Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 pumpkinseed Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 blackbanded sunfish Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 flier Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Centrarchidae-panfish 3.76 20.25 36.63 35.69 24.09 smallmouth bass Centrarchidae 0.00 0.40 0.46 0.00 0.21 largemouth bass Centrarchidae 0.09 0.15 0.33 0.15 0.18 spotted bass Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 redeye bass Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.05 Coosa bass Centrarchidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.09 0.55 0.80 0.34 0.44 snail bullhead Ictaluridae 1.52 6.15 19.36 3.01 7.51 channel catfish Ictaluridae 9.01 2.30 6.82 9.73 6.97 white catfish Ictaluridae 3.19 1.38 4.25 2.71 2.88 brown bullhead Ictaluridae 0.75 2.05 1.43 0.30 1.13

Tables – Page 5

NAME FAMILY WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL ANNUAL flat bullhead Ictaluridae 0.00 0.42 0.46 1.40 0.57 margined madtom Ictaluridae 0.00 0.60 0.24 0.00 0.21 speckled madtom Ictaluridae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 tadpole madtom Ictaluridae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 black bullhead Ictaluridae 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 flathead catfish Ictaluridae 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 yellow bullhead Ictaluridae 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 Ictaluridae 14.48 12.91 32.59 17.17 19.29 yellow perch Percidae 2.78 12.04 1.04 0.94 4.20 piedmont darter Percidae 0.95 0.22 0.00 0.30 0.37 tessellated darter Percidae 0.59 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.15 seagreen darter Percidae 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 blackbanded darter Percidae 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 walleye Percidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Christmas darter Percidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Percidae 4.40 12.28 1.04 1.24 4.74 striped jumprock Catostomidae 0.09 7.15 1.45 4.56 3.31 smallfin redhorse Catostomidae 1.51 3.89 0.46 0.36 1.55 silver redhorse Catostomidae 0.00 0.97 0.46 0.25 0.42 shorthead redhorse Catostomidae 0.18 0.02 0.53 0.43 0.29 northern hog sucker Catostomidae 0.26 0.14 0.00 0.30 0.18 white sucker Catostomidae 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.10 quillback Catostomidae 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.09 creek chubsucker Catostomidae 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 black redhorse Catostomidae 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.03 Catostomidae 2.49 12.63 2.91 6.04 6.01 spottail shiner Cyprinidae 0.04 1.67 3.84 0.19 1.43 whitefin shiner Cyprinidae 0.00 0.81 1.33 2.13 1.07 golden shiner Cyprinidae 0.08 0.80 1.38 0.83 0.77

Tables – Page 6

NAME FAMILY WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL ANNUAL sandbar shiner Cyprinidae 0.08 0.00 0.00 2.51 0.65 fieryblack shiner Cyprinidae 0.00 0.39 0.92 0.58 0.47 carp Cyprinidae 0.00 0.86 0.03 0.21 0.28 bluehead chub Cyprinidae 0.09 0.31 0.69 0.00 0.27 fathead minnow Cyprinidae 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.11 thicklip chub Cyprinidae 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.10 Eastern silvery minnow Cyprinidae 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 creek chub Cyprinidae 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.04 coastal shiner Cyprinidae 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 yellowfin shiner Cyprinidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 rosyface chub Cyprinidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dusky shiner Cyprinidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sailfin shiner Cyprinidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cyprinidae 0.47 5.40 8.65 6.45 5.23 hybrid bass Moronidae 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 striped bass Moronidae 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 white perch Moronidae 0.00 0.68 0.01 0.73 0.36 white bass Moronidae 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.32 Moronidae 0.95 0.71 0.01 1.04 0.69 brook silverside Atherinopsidae 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 pirate perch Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.01 chain pickerel Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 redfin pickerel Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 American eel Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 longnose gar Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mosquitofish Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Tables – Page 7

TABLE 4 ANNUAL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH FAMILY/GENUS GROUPS IN THE ENTRAINMENT DATABASE (BY PERCENT)

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-14 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0 10.2 14.6 17 18 20.7 9.6 2.1 2.5 1.4 1 2.2 0.7 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.1 12.3 26 20.8 10 4.7 15 5.2 3.9 2.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.1 14.9 6.4 4.3 0.1 0 0 20 3.3 3.3 4.6 27.7 15.3 0 0 0 0 Ictaluridae 0 8.4 10.9 16.2 16.3 5.2 12.7 6.2 2.9 1.8 13.3 5.2 0 0.8 0 0 0 Percidae 4.8 14.2 54 1.5 1.6 4.1 1.4 2.6 1.5 0.1 0.1 0 0 14.3 0 0 0 Catostomidae 0 0 2.3 0.5 0 3.1 1.5 9.3 16.5 8.8 25.3 28.5 3.3 0.8 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 13.3 46.2 29.7 2.9 0.3 0.8 1.3 0.6 0 0 1.1 1.3 2.2 0.2 0.1 0 Moronidae 0 0 0.1 1.4 6.4 15.8 12.5 7 6.3 1.3 13 19.1 15.1 2.1 0 0 0 Atherinopsidae 8.1 43.2 35.1 10.8 0 2.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Aphredoderidae 0 20.5 74.4 5.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Esocidae 0 0 31.8 50 9.1 9.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Anguillidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.6 57.1 14.3 0 0 0 Lepisosteidae 0 0 0 0 25 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 Poeciliidae 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.2 0.2 20.1 20.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.4 22.2 22.2 4.1 0.6 0 0 0

Tables – Page 8

TABLE 5 TOTAL MONTHLY FLOWS THROUGH THE HOLT PROJECT (MILLION CUBIC FEET) FROM 2000 THROUGH 2010 AND 10-YEAR AVERAGE.

10-YEAR MON. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 AVERAGE January 10,860.91 0.00 10,863.59 19,147.88 16,306.10 18,888.08 17,412.28 21,962.88 2,520.37 23,907.40 350.35 14,221.98 February 6,940.68 0.00 15,257.89 23,749.29 23,921.05 16,029.62 23,570.26 11,275.89 13,375.76 10,124.35 40,739.33 18,498.41 March 17,240.86 88.39 18,207.76 25,032.33 19,394.29 20,910.27 17,559.59 6,856.70 16,431.98 7,654.87 22,541.41 17,191.85 April 19,509.98 0.00 13,999.39 16,212.96 7,016.54 20,839.68 14,929.92 3,880.22 11,899.87 4,162.75 17,884.80 13,033.61 May 4,531.85 0.00 17,281.04 25,597.47 5,825.52 6,098.72 13,057.20 1,299.02 10,882.34 23,663.66 18,301.51 12,653.83 June 3,996.86 0.00 6,381.50 15,357.60 12,801.89 15,471.65 4,183.49 2,042.50 5,557.25 10,528.70 4,183.49 8,050.49 July 3,305.15 0.00 9,152.09 11,254.64 13,667.87 16,241.82 3,787.26 3,658.69 4,221.16 5,485.36 3,787.26 7,456.13 August 3,222.12 5,723.74 4,853.26 6,985.27 5,999.62 8,246.79 3,950.64 3,326.57 5,383.58 6,428.16 3,950.64 5,807.04 September 2,420.93 11,785.82 8,131.10 5,349.89 9,175.68 6,181.92 3,421.44 2,242.08 3,102.62 16,622.50 3,421.44 7,185.54 October 48.21 9,655.63 11,284.10 2,418.60 5,255.02 1,850.77 4,614.88 267.84 522.29 22,281.61 4,614.88 6,281.38 November 0.00 8,206.27 24,090.05 6,389.28 16,995.74 1,443.74 10,844.93 150.34 549.50 19,346.69 11,238.91 9,925.55 December 0.00 19,022.00 24,526.11 8,734.26 28,907.97 11,083.22 7,732.54 265.16 19,560.35 28,131.23 9,524.39 15,748.72

Tables – Page 9

TABLE 6 SUMMARY OF MORTALITY RATES BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FOR KAPLAN/PROPELLER-TYPE TURBINE STUDIES

FAMILY/GENUS SIZE GROUP MORTALITY SUBSTITUTE GROUP (MM TL) RATE (%) SPECIES DATA*

Anguillidae All 37 Aphredoderidae 0-150 11 Lepomids /Sunfish 151-250 12.6 Lepomids/Sunfish >250 14.7 Lepomids/Sunfish Atherinopsidae 0-150 11 Lepomids/Sunfish 151-250 12.6 Lepomids/Sunfish >250 14.7 Lepomids/Sunfish Catostomidae All 18.5 Lepomids/Sunfish 0-150 11 151-250 12.6 >250 14.7 Micropterans (black basses) All 9.1 Clupeidae 0-150 3.9 >150 22.9 Cyprinidae 0-150 11 Lepomids/Sunfish 151-250 12.6 Lepomids/Sunfish >250 14.7 Lepomids/Sunfish Micropterans Esocidae All 9.1 (black basses) Ictaluridae All 8.9 Lepisosteidae All 18.5 Catostomids Moronidae All 18.5 Catostomids Percidae All 8.3 Poeciliidae 0-150 11 Lepomids/Sunfish 151-250 12.6 Lepomids/Sunfish >250 14.7 Lepomids/Sunfish Sciaenidae All 18.5

Tables – Page 10

TABLE 7 TOTAL NUMBER OF FISH ENTRAINED BY MONTH AND BY SEASON

ENTRAINMENT RATE 10-YEAR AVERAGE TOTAL MONTH INFORMATION MONTHLY FLOWS NUMBER OF FISH FROM THE 9- (MCF) ENTRAINED STUDY DATABASE December 4.57 15,748.72 71,971.7 January 4.57 14,221.98 64,994.47 February 4.57 18,498.41 84,537.7 Winter 221,503.9 March 6.11 17,191.85 105,042.2 April 6.11 13,033.61 79,635.4 May 6.11 12,653.83 77,314.9 Spring 261,992.5 June 5.56 8,050.49 44,760.7 July 5.56 7,456.13 41,456.1 August 5.56 5,807.04 32,287.1 Summer 118,504.0 September 3.67 7,185.54 26,370.9 October 3.67 6,281.38 23,052.7 November 3.67 9,925.55 36,426.8 Fall 85,850.4 TOTAL 687,851

TABLE 8 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FISH POTENTIALLY ENTRAINED WITHIN EACH FAMILY GROUP BY SEASON

NAME WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL TOTAL Clupeidae 162,583.84 92,247.55 20,643.39 27,575.14 303,049.92 Centrarchidae-panfish 8,328.55 53,053.47 43,408.00 30,640.00 135,430.01 Centrarchidae-black bass 199.35 1,440.96 948.03 291.89 2,880.23 Ictaluridae 32,073.76 33,823.23 38,620.44 14,740.51 119,257.94 Percidae 9,746.17 32,172.67 1,232.44 1,064.54 44,215.83 Catostomidae 5,515.45 33,089.65 3,448.47 5,185.36 47,238.92 Cyprinidae 1,041.07 14,147.59 10,250.59 5,537.35 30,976.60 Moronidae 2,104.29 1,860.15 11.85 892.84 4,869.13 Atherinopsidae 0.00 104.80 0.00 0.00 104.80 Aphredoderidae 0.00 26.20 0.00 25.76 51.95 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 550.18 1,777.56 37.77 2,365.52 TOTAL 221,592 262,516 120,341 85,991 690,441* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 11

TABLE 9 ANNUAL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH FAMILY/GENUS GROUPS IN THE ENTRAINMENT DATABASE

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0.00 30,911.09 44,245.29 51,518.49 54,548.99 62,731.33 29,092.79 6,364.05 7,576.25 4,242.70 3,030.50 6,667.10 2,121.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 303,049.92 Centrarchidae-panfish 1,354.30 16,657.89 35,211.80 28,169.44 13,543.00 6,365.21 20,314.50 7,042.36 5,281.77 2,844.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 136,784.31 Centrarchidae-black bass 2.88 429.16 184.34 123.85 2.88 0.00 0.00 576.05 95.05 95.05 132.49 797.83 440.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,880.23 Ictaluridae 0.00 10,017.67 12,999.11 19,319.79 19,439.04 6,201.41 15,145.76 7,393.99 3,458.48 2,146.64 15,861.31 6,201.41 0.00 954.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 119,138.68 Percidae 2,122.36 6,278.65 23,876.55 663.24 707.45 1,812.85 619.02 1,149.61 663.24 44.22 44.22 0.00 0.00 6,322.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 44,304.26 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 1,086.50 236.19 0.00 1,464.41 708.58 4,393.22 7,794.42 4,157.03 11,951.45 13,463.09 1,558.88 377.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 47,191.68 Cyprinidae 0.00 4,119.89 14,311.19 9,200.05 898.32 92.93 247.81 402.70 185.86 0.00 0.00 340.74 402.70 681.49 61.95 30.98 0.00 30,976.60 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 4.87 68.17 311.62 769.32 608.64 340.84 306.76 63.30 632.99 930.00 735.24 102.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 4,874.00 Atherinopsidae 8.49 45.27 36.78 11.32 0.00 2.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 104.69 Aphredoderidae 0.00 10.65 38.65 2.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51.95 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 4.73 4.73 475.47 475.47 28.39 28.39 37.85 37.85 56.77 56.77 525.15 525.15 96.99 14.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,367.89 3,488 68,470 131,995 109,313 89,451 79,440 66,737 27,663 25,362 13,593 31,653 28,400 5,259 8,439 62 31 0.00 691,725* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 12

TABLE 10 WINTER SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 162.58 43,572.47 12,031.20 22,924.32 29,102.51 29,590.26 11,380.87 6,178.19 975.50 0.00 3,089.09 3,089.09 812.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 162,909.01 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.00 341.47 2,182.08 1,540.78 1,024.41 957.78 1,657.38 266.51 266.51 0.00 91.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8,328.55 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49.84 49.84 23.92 0.00 27.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 199.35 Ictaluridae 0.00 1,860.28 1,635.76 5,067.65 8,050.51 2,148.94 3,047.01 4,939.36 1,539.54 2,597.97 1,090.51 64.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32,041.69 Percidae 0.00 29.24 6,744.35 711.47 516.55 87.72 19.49 9.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,627.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 9,746.17 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 308.87 22.06 0.00 0.00 126.86 733.55 215.10 639.79 1,809.07 1,654.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,509.93 Cyprinidae 0.00 247.77 267.55 335.22 60.38 43.72 43.72 10.41 17.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,044.19 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 391.40 0.00 98.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 526.07 0.00 563.95 526.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,106.39 Atherinopsidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 221,885*

*Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 13

TABLE 11 SPRING SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 92.25 9,593.74 13,652.64 11,161.95 6,272.83 32,471.14 3,044.17 2,859.67 4,335.63 1,937.20 368.99 5,534.85 830.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 92,155.30 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.00 4,085.12 22,600.78 14,908.03 5,835.88 1,750.76 2,228.25 1,167.18 318.32 53.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 52,947.37 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.00 240.64 47.55 144.10 47.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 119.60 119.60 0.00 600.88 119.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,439.52 Ictaluridae 67.65 2,604.39 6,967.58 3,585.26 5,276.42 1,082.34 9,470.50 1,894.10 1,014.70 541.17 1,251.46 0.00 67.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33,823.23 Percidae 2,155.57 9,297.90 16,086.34 1,962.53 1,383.43 997.35 193.04 96.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32,172.67 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 1,191.23 165.45 0.00 0.00 1,058.87 2,978.07 1,489.03 11,614.47 2,514.81 9,596.00 2,018.47 496.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 33,122.74 Cyprinidae 0.00 2,277.76 5,460.97 3,070.03 990.33 735.67 622.49 169.77 141.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 452.72 212.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 14,133.45 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 1.86 48.36 251.12 124.63 159.97 27.90 1.86 3.72 18.60 559.90 582.23 81.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,862.01 AtherinopsidaeAtherinopsidae 11.63 58.27 27.14 7.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 104.80 Aphredoderidae 0.00 8.72 8.72 8.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.17 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.55 11.55 0.00 0.00 24.76 24.76 215.67 215.67 46.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 550.18 262,337* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 14

TABLE 12 SUMMER SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32- 6 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0.00 412.87 8,030.28 2,931.36 743.16 2,167.56 1,403.75 639.95 536.73 495.44 1,486.32 1,486.32 289.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20,622.75 Centrarchidae-panfish 86.82 1,823.14 16,191.18 16,538.45 3,602.86 1,562.69 2,604.48 477.49 477.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 43,364.59 Centrarchidae-black bass 11.38 427.56 146.00 35.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 158.32 158.32 0.00 0.00 11.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 948.03 Ictaluridae 0.00 1,969.64 2,664.81 8,882.70 10,890.96 1,815.16 2,085.50 2,394.47 1,235.85 656.55 5,754.45 231.72 0.00 38.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 38,620.44 Percidae 0.00 51.76 882.43 163.91 87.50 40.67 4.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,232.44 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 220.70 13.79 0.00 293.12 89.66 355.19 148.28 751.77 634.52 934.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,441.57 Cyprinidae 0.00 1,476.09 4,551.26 2,039.87 328.02 389.52 481.78 266.52 20.50 0.00 0.00 389.52 276.77 0.00 30.75 0.00 0.00 10,250.59 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.85 AtherinopsidaeAtherinopsidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 8.89 8.89 287.96 287.96 8.89 8.89 16.00 16.00 49.77 49.77 467.50 467.50 67.55 33.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,779.34 120,272*

*Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 15

TABLE 13 FALL SIZE COMPOSITION OF ENTRAINED FISH BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP FROM THE STUDY DATABASE

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL SPECIES MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0.00 5,046.25 4,301.72 1,489.06 2,233.59 2,895.39 4,632.62 2,647.21 1,489.06 689.38 1,489.06 551.50 137.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27,602.71 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.29 3,676.80 7,200.40 6,128.00 2,359.28 1,501.36 5,055.60 919.20 2,114.16 1,133.68 551.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30,640.29 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.97 36.49 36.49 72.97 11.97 37.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 291.89 Ictaluridae 0.00 1,591.97 1,076.06 1,061.32 4,053.64 2,771.22 1,238.20 1,326.65 471.70 648.58 88.44 412.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14,740.51 Percidae 0.00 0.00 732.41 36.19 142.65 121.36 25.55 0.00 1.06 3.19 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,064.54 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 311.12 31.11 0.00 0.00 93.34 508.17 264.45 819.29 1,680.06 1,483.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,190.55 Cyprinidae 0.00 1,373.26 1,107.47 1,688.89 448.53 232.57 232.57 105.21 83.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 105.21 0.00 110.75 55.37 0.00 5,542.89 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 241.96 164.28 71.43 35.71 82.14 297.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 892.84 Atherinopsidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aphredoderidae 0.00 2.42 22.54 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.76 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 0.00 16.66 16.66 0.42 0.42 1.44 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37.77 85,992*

*Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 16

TABLE 14 ESTIMATED ANNUAL TOTAL NUMBER OF POTENTIALLY ENTRAINED FISH KILLED DUE TO TURBINE MORTALITY AT THE HOLT PROJECT

WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL ANNUAL 17,362 27,0656 12,595 10,014 66,768

Tables – Page 17

TABLE 15 ANNUAL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUPS

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0.00 1,205.53 1,725.57 2,009.22 2,127.41 2,446.52 6,662.25 1,457.37 1,734.96 971.58 693.98 1,526.77 485.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23,046.95 Centrarchidae-panfish 148.97 1,832.37 3,873.30 3,098.64 1,489.73 700.17 2,559.63 887.34 665.50 358.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15,614.00 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.26 39.05 16.77 11.27 0.26 0.00 0.00 52.42 8.65 8.65 12.06 72.60 40.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 262.10 Ictaluridae 0.00 891.57 1,156.92 1,719.46 1,730.07 551.93 1,347.97 658.07 307.80 191.05 1,411.66 551.93 0.00 84.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 10,603.34 Percidae 176.16 521.13 1,981.75 55.05 58.72 150.47 51.38 95.42 55.05 3.67 3.67 0.00 0.00 524.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,677.25 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 201.00 43.70 0.00 270.92 131.09 812.75 1,441.97 769.05 2,211.02 2,490.67 288.39 69.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 8,730.46 Cyprinidae 0.00 453.19 1,574.23 1,012.01 98.82 10.22 31.22 50.74 23.42 0.00 0.00 50.09 59.20 100.18 9.11 4.55 0.00 3,476.97 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.90 12.61 57.65 142.32 112.60 63.06 56.75 11.71 117.10 172.05 136.02 18.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 901.69 Atherinopsidae 0.93 4.98 4.05 1.24 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.52 Aphredoderidae 0.00 1.17 4.25 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.71 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.88 0.88 87.96 87.96 5.25 5.25 7.00 7.00 10.50 10.50 97.15 97.15 17.94 2.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 438.06 326 4,949 10,539 7,963 5,563 4,273 10,896 4,077 4,294 2,314 4,449 4,864 1,010 799 9 5 0 66,768*

*Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 18

TABLE 16 WINTER SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 6.34 1,699.33 469.22 894.05 1,135.00 1,154.02 2,606.22 1,414.80 223.39 0.00 707.40 707.40 186.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11,203.33 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.00 37.56 240.03 169.49 112.69 105.36 208.83 33.58 33.58 0.00 13.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 954.58 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.54 4.54 2.18 0.00 2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.14 Ictaluridae 0.00 165.56 145.58 451.02 716.50 191.26 271.18 439.60 137.02 231.22 97.06 5.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,851.71 Percidae 0.00 2.43 559.78 59.05 42.87 7.28 1.62 0.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 135.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 808.93 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 57.14 4.08 0.00 0.00 23.47 135.71 39.79 118.36 334.68 306.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,019.34 Cyprinidae 0.00 27.26 29.43 36.87 6.64 4.81 5.51 1.31 2.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 116.67 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.41 0.00 18.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 97.32 0.00 104.33 97.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 389.68 Atherinopsidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17,362* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 19

TABLE 17 SPRING SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 3.60 374.16 532.45 435.32 244.64 1,266.37 697.11 654.87 992.86 443.62 84.50 1,267.48 190.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7,187.10 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.00 449.36 2,486.09 1,639.88 641.95 192.58 280.76 147.06 40.11 6.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,884.48 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.00 21.90 4.33 13.11 4.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.88 10.88 0.00 54.68 10.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 131.00 Ictaluridae 6.02 231.79 620.12 319.09 469.60 96.33 842.87 168.57 90.31 48.16 111.38 0.00 6.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,010.27 Percidae 178.91 771.73 1,335.17 162.89 114.82 82.78 16.02 8.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,670.33 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 220.38 30.61 0.00 0.00 195.89 550.94 275.47 2,148.68 465.24 1,775.26 373.42 91.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 6,127.71 Cyprinidae 0.00 250.55 600.71 337.70 108.94 80.92 78.43 21.39 17.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.55 31.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,594.22 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.34 8.95 46.46 23.06 29.59 5.16 0.34 0.69 3.44 103.58 107.71 15.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 344.47 Atherinopsidae 1.28 6.41 2.99 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.53 Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.88 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.14 2.14 0.00 0.00 4.58 4.58 39.90 39.90 8.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 101.78 27,066* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 20

TABLE 18 SUMMER SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0.00 16.10 313.18 114.32 28.98 84.53 321.46 146.55 122.91 113.46 340.37 340.37 66.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,008.42 Centrarchidae-panfish 9.55 200.54 1,781.03 1,819.23 396.32 171.90 328.16 60.16 60.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4,827.06 Centrarchidae-black bass 1.04 38.91 13.29 3.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.41 14.41 0.00 0.00 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 86.27 Ictaluridae 0.00 175.30 237.17 790.56 969.30 161.55 185.61 213.11 109.99 58.43 512.15 20.62 0.00 3.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,437.22 Percidae 0.00 4.30 73.24 13.60 7.26 3.38 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 102.29 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 40.83 2.55 0.00 54.23 16.59 65.71 27.43 139.08 117.39 172.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 636.69 Cyprinidae 0.00 162.37 500.64 224.39 36.08 42.85 60.70 33.58 2.58 0.00 0.00 57.26 40.68 0.00 4.52 0.00 0.00 1,165.66 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.19 Atherinopsidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 1.64 1.64 53.27 53.27 1.64 1.64 2.96 2.96 9.21 9.21 86.49 86.49 12.50 6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 329.18

12,595* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 21

TABLE 19 FALL SIZE COMPOSITION OF FISH KILLED BY FAMILY/GENUS GROUP

INCHES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 28-32 32-36 TOTAL FAMILY/GENUS MM 0-25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 251-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 Clupeidae 0.00 196.80 167.77 58.07 87.11 112.92 1,060.87 606.21 340.99 157.87 340.99 126.29 31.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,287.48 Centrarchidae-panfish 0.03 404.45 792.04 674.08 259.52 165.15 637.01 115.82 266.38 142.84 81.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,538.40 Centrarchidae-black bass 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.64 3.32 3.32 6.64 1.09 3.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.56 Ictaluridae 0.00 141.69 95.77 94.46 360.77 246.64 110.20 118.07 41.98 57.72 7.87 36.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,311.91 Percidae 0.00 0.00 60.79 3.00 11.84 10.07 2.12 0.00 0.09 0.27 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 88.36 Catostomidae 0.00 0.00 57.56 5.76 0.00 0.00 17.27 94.01 48.92 151.57 310.81 274.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 960.25 Cyprinidae 0.00 151.06 121.82 185.78 49.34 25.58 29.30 13.26 10.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.47 0.00 16.28 8.14 0.00 626.49 Moronidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.76 30.39 13.21 6.61 15.20 55.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 165.18 Atherinopsidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aphredoderidae 0.00 0.27 2.48 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.83 Esocidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anguillidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lepisosteidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Poeciliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sciaenidae-freshwater drum 0.00 0.00 3.08 3.08 0.08 0.08 0.27 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.99 10,014* *Totals may not match due to rounding

Tables – Page 22

APPENDIX A

STUDY PLAN

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY PLAN

HOLT HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO. 2203

PREPARED BY:

JULY 2011

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY PLAN

HOLT HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO. 2203

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY ...... 1

2.0 RELEVANT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT GOALS ...... 1

3.0 BACKGROUND AND EXISTING INFORMATION ...... 1

4.0 PROJECT NEXUS ...... 2

5.0 STUDY AREA AND STUDY SITES ...... 2

6.0 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY ...... 2

7.0 CONSISTENCY WITH GENERALLY ACCEPTED SCIENTIFIC PRACTICE ...... 4

8.0 PRODUCTS ...... 5

9.0 SCHEDULE ...... 5

10.0 AGENCY COMMENTS ...... 5

11.0 REFERENCES ...... 5

FISH ENTRAINMENT AND TURBINE MORTALITY STUDY PLAN

HOLT HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO. 2203

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Operation of hydroelectric projects can result in the sporadic entrainment of fish into the Project turbine. Passage through the turbines can result in some degree of mortality as well as movement of fish from the Project reservoir downstream. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) would like to understand the potential impacts of entrainment and turbine mortality on fish that pass through the Holt Project turbine.

RELEVANT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT GOALS

The ADCNR is charged with the regulation of recreational fishing in the Black Warrior River. The ADCNR currently and historically has stocked hybrid striped bass into Holt Reservoir for recreational fishing purposes. Knowledge of Project impacts to the local fishery associated with entrainment and turbine mortality may allow them to adjust their management strategies of the Holt Reservoir fishery.

BACKGROUND AND EXISTING INFORMATION

Over fifty site-specific studies of resident fish entrainment at hydroelectric sites in the United States have been performed and reported on to date. These studies provide order-of-magnitude estimates of annual fish entrainment (FERC, 1995). Along with the entrainment data, descriptive information has also been gathered from each entrainment study and includes: • Location: geographical proximity, river basin; • Project size: discharge capacity and power production; • Project operation: e.g., peaking run-of-river, etc.; • Biological factors: fish species composition; • Impoundment characteristics: general water quality, impoundment size, flow regime; and • Physical project characteristics: trash rack spacing, intake velocity, etc.

Extensive turbine mortality study data exists for a range of turbine types and physical characteristics, which can be compared to the Holt Project turbine. These characteristics are commonly attributed to turbine passage mortality (Cramer and Oligher, 1963; Bell, 1991; Eicher, 1987; EPRI, 1992). Descriptive data includes: • Turbine design type; • Operating head; • Runner speed; • Diameter; and • Peripheral runner velocity.

Alabama Power will provide the descriptive data listed above for the Holt Project as well as comparisons to similar projects.

Current information for Holt Reservoir fishery is available through the ADCNR Reservoir Management Reports. The ADCNR has also provided a list of species that they believe may inhabit the Holt Reservoir. Similar study information performed during Alabama Power’s relicense of the Bankhead Development (located upstream on the Black Warrior River) is also available for use (Alabama Power, 2003).

PROJECT NEXUS

The study will estimate the magnitude of impacts related to fish entrainment and turbine mortality related to existing operation of the Holt Project.

STUDY AREA AND STUDY SITES

The study area for this issue will include the intake area of the Holt Project.

PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

The methodology for this study will involve developing an estimate of the magnitude of entrainment and turbine mortality for the Holt Project through the performance of a Desktop Entrainment Analysis. The methodology for this study follows standard methods previously accepted by FERC or standard methodologies used by the Fisheries Management community.

DESKTOP ENTRAINMENT STUDY METHODS

Define the Entrainment Database

For this study, fish entrainment information from other hydroelectric projects will be assembled into a database for analyzing the magnitude of potential entrainment. After review of the database, the most similar projects will be selected and used to develop a Holt entrainment estimate.

Calculate an Estimated Fish Entrainment Rate

The entrainment rate information from the selected entrainment studies will be consolidated to develop fish entrainment rates for the Holt Project. The entrainment rates will be presented in fish entrained by volume of water passed through the Project turbine (fish/million cubic feet). The data will be grouped by season where appropriate to determine an entrainment rate for each season of the year. The seasonal data will be used to develop an estimated seasonal mean entrainment rate for the Holt Project.

Estimate Species Composition and Length Frequency Distribution

The species composition data from the Warrior Entrainment Study (Alabama Power, 2003), in conjunction with ADCNR data for Holt Lake, will be used to develop species composition for entrainment. The total number and total length (Length frequency) of fish entrained will be based on information available from the entrainment database.

Estimate of Turbine Mortality

As fish move through hydroelectric turbines, a percentage are killed due to blade strikes, shear forces, and pressure changes. Turbine passage survival studies have been performed at numerous hydroelectric projects throughout the country. Characteristics of these projects will be compared to the characteristics of the Holt Project and suitable studies will be selected for the transfer of turbine mortality data for each development. Selected turbine survival rate data will be obtained from the literature and used to estimate the number of fish killed due to turbine mortality. The following turbine characteristics will be used as criteria for use in this analysis: • Turbine design type; • Operating head; • Runner speed;

• Turbine diameter; • Blade number and spacing; and • Peripheral runner velocity.

To the extent possible, turbine mortality rate data available from source studies will be related to the species and size class of fish estimated to be entrained at the Holt Project. Where multiple tests are available for a given species and size class, a mean survival rate will be computed. For species and size classes where no applicable data can be found or accepted, the survival rate reported for a similar species and size class will be substituted.

Once turbine mortality rates are developed from the study database, the rates will be applied to the entrainment estimates for the Holt Project. This will be accomplished by multiplying fish entrainment estimates by the composite mortality rates for each species or family group and size class (where applicable).

Filters

Due to certain site-specific characteristics of the Holt Project, it may be necessary to adjust entrainment estimates. Factors affecting entrainment rates that may warrant investigation for adjustment of estimates include: • Stratification at the intakes (dissolved oxygen); • Intake velocities; • Fish habitat available at the intakes; and/or • Other factors identified during the study that may affect entrainment rates.

CONSISTENCY WITH GENERALLY ACCEPTED SCIENTIFIC PRACTICE

This study employs generally accepted practices for evaluating fish entrainment and turbine mortality at hydroelectric projects. The study methodology is consistent with generally accepted fishery sampling principles and practices.

PRODUCTS

Data and analyses from this study will be included in a report to the ADCNR, USFWS, and interested stakeholders. A draft report will be distributed for review and comment within 6 months of completion of the analysis. A final report will be provided as part of the draft license application that will include raw data in tabular form, analysis performed, and results and discussion.

SCHEDULE

This draft schedule generally corresponds to Alabama Power’s Process Plan and Schedule filed with FERC as part of the PAD on August 27, 2010.

Stakeholder Review of Study Plan ...... April 2011 Conduct Study ...... June 2011 Draft Desktop Entrainment Report ...... August 2011 Stakeholder Review and Comments ...... Fall 2011 Final Entrainment Report & Recommendations ...... Spring 2012

AGENCY COMMENTS

Alabama Power distributed the Holt Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality study plan to the ADCNR, USFWS, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), and Nelson Brooke (Black Warrior Riverkeeper) for review on May 3, 2011. Alabama Power received one comment from Chris Greene, ADCNR Fisheries Section, regarding the stocking of hybrids in Bankhead Lake, which was included in this study plan. Alabama Power held a conference call with Jeff Powell (USFWS) on July 11, 2011; and Lynn Sisk (ADEM) and Chris Greene on July 21, 2011 to discuss the change.

REFERENCES

Alabama Power Company. 2003. Coosa and Warrior River Projects- E11 - Impingement, Entrainment, and Turbine Mortality Study. Alabama Power Company, Birmingham, AL. Bell, M. C. 1991. Fisheries Handbook of Engineering Requirements and Biological Criteria. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Fish Passage Development and Evaluation Program, Portland, OR.

Cramer, F. K., and R. C. Oligher. 1963. Passing fish through hydraulic turbines. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 93:243-259. Eicher Associates, Inc. 1987. Turbine-related fish mortality: Review and evaluation of studies. Research Project 2694-4. Prepared for Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). September 1992. Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Review and Guidelines. TR-101231 Research Project 2694-01. Prepared by Stone & Webster Environmental Services. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). 1995. Preliminary assessment of fish entrainment at hydropower projects – volume 1 (Paper No. DPR-10). Office of Hydropower Licensing, FERC, Washington, DC.

APPENDIX B

SUPPORTING STUDY DATA

TABLE B-1 SCREENING MATRIX OF FISH ENTRAINMENT STUDIES FROM VARIOUS HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Holt AL Black Warrior 46.94 Fixed 1 60 6 Peaking Impoundment 3,296 No.2203 MW Blade Propeller Ninety-nine SC Broad 18 MW Horizontal 6 @ 3000 kW 72 2.3 Bottom oriented Modified Impoundment 433 2300 > 6 YES Warm Full YES YES 18.8 4.1 3.4 Islands Recovery No. 2331 3992 Francis 70% 11.5 ft. below the Peaking Netting cfs clear water surface on Unit 4

Gaston Shoals SC Broad 9.1 MW Horizontal 1 @ 2320 kW 43 . 0.7 2.5 Bottom oriented Modified Impoundment 300 2500 > 30 YES Warm Full YES NO 17.9 6.7 3.6 Recovery No. 2332 2800 Francis 3 @ 1440 kW 70% 13.5 ft below the Peaking Netting cfs clear Vertical 1 @ 2500 kW 51 water surface on Unit 6 Francis

Neals Shoals SC Broad 4.42 Horizontal 4 @ 1100 kW 24 3.4 Intake pulls Run of River Impoundment 600 1500 YES Warm Full YES YES 17.4 5.5 MW Recovery No. 2315 4000 Francis 70% from entire Netting on cfs clear water column Unit 3

Hollidays SC Saluda 3.5 MW Horizontal 3 @ 1250 kW 41.5 1.2 2 Bottom oriented Modified Impoundment 466 6000 > 6 YES Warm Full YES YES 12.8 8.0 4.7 Bridge Recovery No. 2465 1850 Francis 70% 18 ft. below the Peaking Netting on cfs clear Vertical 1 @ 600 kW water surface Power Canal 1.5 Unit 3 Francis

Saluda Hydro. SC Saluda 2.4 MW Horizontal 4 @ 600 kW 38 2.0 Bottom oriented Modified Impoundment 556 7228 6 YES Warm Full YES NO 8.3 10.4 5.3 Recovery No. 2406 1280 Francis 70% 14 ft. below the Peaking Netting on cfs clear water surface Unit 1

High Falls NC Deep 0.66 Francis 3 units 17 2.375 Impoundment YES Warm Partial NO NO 3.1 MW

B-1

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Richard B. GA/SC Savannah 648 Francis 4@ 80MW 144 8 Mid-depth peaking Impoundment 26,653 1,026,244 YES Warm Full 894.2 14.9 4.1 Russell MW Recovery 60,000 4@ 82MW 100 ft. below Netting on YES YES cfs normal pool 1 unit

Run-ofRiver Steven's Creek GA Savannah 18.9 Vertical 28 contraolled Impoundment YES Warm Full YES YES MW by Recovery No. 2535 Francis upstream releases

King Mill GA Augusta Canal 2.05 Horizontal 1 @ 650 kW 30 1.5 ft/s 2 Intake pulls Run of River Power Canal 7 YES Warm Partial NO NO 15.8 15.8 5.1 MW No. 9988 Savannah 950 cfs Francis 1 @ 1400 kW from entire Recovery Net water column 11 in tailrace

Four Mile MI Thunder Bay 1.8 MW Horizontal 3 @ 600 kW 29 n/a n/a n/a n/a Impoundment n/a n/a n/a n/a Warm/Cool Full NO YES Recovery 1,800 on Unit 1 cfs

Moore's Park MI Grand 1.8 MW Horizontal 2 @ 540 kW 15 3.67 1.62 17 Run of river Impoundment 240 2,000 n/a YES Warm/cool Full YES YES 9.8 8.2 recovery 1,200 Francis cfs

Belding MI Flat n/a Kaplan 2 11 n/a 2 n/a Run of River Impoundment n/a n/a n/a n/a Cool Full NO YES Recovery 416 cfs

La Barge MI Thornapple 1.6 MW Horizontal 2 @ 800 kW 15 n/a n/a n/a Run of River Impoundment 100 n/a n/a n/a Warm Full NO YES 1.68 Recovery Francis

Mio MI Au Sable 5 MW tbd n/a 35 2.3 2.94 20 Run of River Impoundment 880 12,000 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES NO 13.7 5.1 4950 Recovery cfs Net

B-2

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Alcona MI Au Sable 8.0 MW Vertical n/a 43 2.2 3.12 25 Pulsed Impoundment 1075 25,000 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES YES 10.3 3.2 8000 Francis Recovery cfs Net

Loud MI Au Sable 4.0 MW tbd n/a 40 1.5 1.69 22.6 Pulsed Impoundment 780 12,600 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES NO 18.6 7.1 4444 Recovery cfs Net

Five Channels MI Au Sable 6 MW Horizontal n/a 36 1.4 1.75 22.2 Pulsed Impoundment 250 4,000 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES YES 48.7 16.2 3,000 Francis Recovery cfs Net

Cooke MI Au Sable 9 MW tbd n/a 50 1.7 1.75 28.5 Pulsed Impoundment 1800 30,000 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES NO 25.4 7.0 3,600 Recovery cfs Net

Foote MI Au Sable 9 MW tbd n/a 40 22 2.87 22 Pulsed Impoundment 1800 30,000 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES NO 17.7 4.4 4,050 Recovery cfs Net

Rogers MI Muskegon 8.8 MW Vertical n/a 39.2 n/a 1.75 23 Run of River Impoundment 810 10,000 n/a n/a Cool Full/Partial YES YES 6.4 2.7 2,400 Francis Recovery cfs Net

Hardy MI Muskegon 30 MW Vertical n/a 100.2 n/a n/a n/a Pulsed Impoundment 3902 134,973 n/a n/a Cool Partial YES YES 3 0.7 37,500 Francis Recovery cfs Net

Croton MI Muskegon 8.8 MW tbd n/a 50 n/a 1.75 21 Run of River Impoundment 1209 21,932 Cool Partial YES YES 25.1 6.8 10,510 Recovery cfs Net

Morrow MI Kalamazoo rim-drive 4 13 n/a n/a n/a Run of River Impoundment 1000 n/a n/a n/a Cool Full NO YES Recovery 880 cfs on one unit

B-3

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Baseline Fishery Mortality Name ST River Capacity Turbine Number Rated Intake Bar Depth Peaking or Impoundment Surface Volume Ave. Survey Type Entrainment Sampling Study Fish / Fish / Fish/mcf Rack / Hour Hour/ FERC NO. (MW) Type of Turbines Head Velocity Spacing of Intake Run of River Power Canal Acres (acre/ ft.) Depth Netting Hydroacoustics 1000 cfs (CFS) (ft) (ft/s) (in) (ft) (ft) Kleber MI Black 1.2 MW Vertical 2 @ 600kW 44 1.41 3 15 Run of River Impoundment 270 3,000 n/a n/a Warm/cool Full YES YES 7.2 18 Recovery 1,200 Kaplan on one Unit

Constantine MI St. Josephs 1.2 MW n/a 4 11 1.3 3 13.74 Run of River Impoundment 525 n/a n/a n/a Cool Full No NO 7.6 5.1 Recovery 1,200 cfs

Buchanan MI St. Josephs 4.1 MW Vertical 10 12.8 0.7 3 13.87 Run of River Impoundment 525 3,895 n/a YES Cool Partial NO Yes 8 2.1 4,569 Francis Recovery cfs Net

Mc Clure MI Dead 460 cfs Pelton 2 410 tbd 3 tbd Run of River Impoundment tbd tbd tbd Yes Warm/cool Full No No recovery

Ninth Street MI Thunder Bay tbd 3 @ 460 kW tbd tbd 1.0 tbd Run of rier Impoundment tbd tbd n/a n/a Warm Full NO YES recovery 1650 cfs

Hillman MI Thunder Bay tbd 1 @ 460 kW tbd tbd tbd tbd Run of River Impoundment tbd tbd n/a n/a Warm Full NO YES recovery 550 cfs 1 Unit

Hoist MI Dead 760 cfs Francis 2 84 tbd 3 tbd Run of river Impoundment tbd tbd tbd Yes Warm/cool Full No Yes Recovery

Prickett MI Sturgeon 2.2 MW Vertical 2 @ 1100 kW 54 1.6 2 17 Modified Impoundment 773 13,987 n/a n/a Warm/cool Full NO YES ROR Recovery 2220 Francis cfs

Escanaba MI Escanaba 2.5 MW n/a 2 30.5 3 1.62 16.5 Run of River Impoundment 182 1,100 n/a n/a Cool Full NO Yes 2.5 2.0 Dam 3 Recovery 3400 cfs

B-4

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Baseline Fishery Mortality Name ST River Capacity Turbine Number Rated Intake Bar Depth Peaking or Impoundment Surface Volume Ave. Survey Type Entrainment Sampling Study Fish / Fish / Fish/mcf Rack / Hour Hour/ FERC NO. (MW) Type of Turbines Head Velocity Spacing of Intake Run of River Power Canal Acres (acre/ ft.) Depth Netting Hydroacoustics 1000 cfs (CFS) (ft) (ft/s) (in) (ft) (ft) Escanaba MI Escanaba 1.95 n/a 3 23.2 3 1.62 18.2 Run of River Impoundment 75 375 n/a n/a Cool Full NO Yes 5.2 4.4 Dam 1 MW Recovery 1,600 cfs

Stewart's NY Sacandaga 36 MW 1 @ 5400 cfs Impoundment 480 18,600 n/a YES n/a n/a n/a n/a Bridge No. 2047 5,400 Francis n/a n/a n/a

E.J. West NY Sacandaga Vertical 2 @ 2700 cfs 63 2.8 fps 4.5 Peaking Impoundment 25,940 681,000 n/a YES n/a Full NO YES Netting No. 2318 5400 Francis State Unit 2 Agency

Sherman NY Hudson 6600 Vertical 4 @ 1650 cfs 69 2.2 fps 3.13 Peaking Impoundment 305 6,960 n/a YES n/a Full NO NO Island cfs Netting No. 2482 30 MW Francis Power Canal Units 2,3, & 5

Feeder Dam NY Hudson n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Impoundment n/a n/a n/a ------n/a Full NO YES Netting Units 1,3, & 5

Minetto NY Oswego 7500 Vertical 5 @ 1500 cfs 17.3 2.6 fps 2 Peaking Impoundment 350 4,730 n/a YES Cool/cold Full NO YES cfs Netting Francis Units 3, 4, & 5

Schagticoke NY Hoosic 1640 Vertical 4 @ 410 cfs 153 1.6 fps 2.25 Peaking Impoundment 164 1,150 n/a YES Warm/cool Full NO YES cfs Netting Francis Power Canal Unit 4

Johnsonville NY Hoosic 1288 Horizontal 2 @ 644 cfs 38 0.9 fps 2 Peaking Impoundment 450 6,430 n/a YES Warm/cool Full NO NO cfs Netting Francis Units 1 & 2

Higley NY Middle 2045 Horizontal 2 @ 675 cfs 46 1.5 fps 3.63 Peaking Impoundment 742 4,496 n/a YES Cool/cold Full NO YES cfs Netting Racquette Francis 1@ 695 cfs 45 Power Canal Units 1, 2, & 3

B-5

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Colton NY Middle 1503 Vertical 2 @ 497 cfs 285 2.7 fps 2 Peaking Impoundment 195 620 n/a YES Cool/cold Full NO YES cfs Netting Racquette Francis 1 @ 509 cfs 285 Unit 1

Raymondville NY Lower 1640 Fixed 1 @ 1640 cfs 21.5 1.9 fps 3 Peaking Power Canal 50 264 n/a YES Cool/cold Full NO YES cfs Netting Racquette Propeller Unit 1

East Norfolk NY Lower 1635 Fixed 1 @ 1635 cfs 31.4 4.2 fps 8.75 Peaking Impoundment 135 287.9 n/a Cool/cold Full NO NO cfs Netting Racquette Propeller Power Canal Power Canal

High Falls NY Beaver 900 cfs Vertical 3 @ 300 cfs 100 0.9 fps 1.81 Peaking Impoundment 290 1,059 n/a YES Cool/cold Full NO NO Netting Francis Unit 1

Moshier NY Beaver 660 cfs Vertical 2 @ 330 cfs 196 1.3 fps 1.5 Peaking Impoundment 690 7,339 n/a YES Cool/cold Full NO NO Netting Francis Unit 2

Herrings NY Black 3609 Fixed 3 @ 1203 cfs 19.5 2.3 fps 3.5 Run-of- Impoundment 140 n/a n/a YES Cool Full NO YES cfs River Netting Propeller Unit 2

Station 26 NY Genessee 3.0 MW n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a N/a Impoundment n/a n/a n/a n/a Cool n/a n/a n/a 30.8 17.1

Little WI Menominee 9.1 MW Francis 5 65 n/a 2 n/a Peaking Impoundment 349 3,000 n/a n/a Warm No n/a n/a Quinnesec 2,176 Horizontal 1@1,00 hp 2@1,400 hp 1 @ 2600 hp 1 @ 2800 hp Vertical 1 @ 3240 hp

B-6

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Baseline Fishery Mortality Name ST River Capacity Turbine Number Rated Intake Bar Depth Peaking or Impoundment Surface Volume Ave. Survey Type Entrainment Sampling Study Fish / Fish / Fish/mcf Rack / Hour Hour/ FERC NO. (MW) Type of Turbines Head Velocity Spacing of Intake Run of River Power Canal Acres (acre/ ft.) Depth Netting Hydroacoustics 1000 cfs (CFS) (ft) (ft/s) (in) (ft) (ft) Chalk Hill WI Menominee 7.8 MW Kaplan 3 28 n/a 4.5 n/a Peaking Impoundment n/a n/a n/a n/a Warm/cool No No Yes 3993 cfs

Grand Rapids WI Menominee 7.02 Francis 5 28 n/a 1.75 n/a Peaking Canal n/a n/a n/a n/a Warm/cool Partial n/a n/a MW 3870 3 @1,700 cfs 1 @ 2,500 1 @ 2,400

White Rapids WI Menominee 8.0 MW Francis 3 units 29 1.9 2.5 23.9 Run of river Impoundment 435 5,155 n/a Yes Warm/cool Partial YES YES 16.5 3.2 3,994 2 @ 4,385 1 @ 3,100

Park Mill WI Menominee 4.6 MW V. Francis 16 2.06 3 16 Run of river Impoundment 539 3788 n/a Cool Partial YES YES 5.3 2.1 2543 Netting of cfs H. Francis Power Canal Power Canal 2400 ft. long for species

Brule WI Brule 5.3 MW Francis 3 @ 1760 kW 63 1 1.375 22 ft Run of river Impoundment 545 8,800 YES Cool Full YES YES 4.8 3.5 Recovery 1500 on Two cfs Units

Upper WI Flambeau 0.9 MW n/a n/a 2 1.75 13.6 Run of River Impoundment 431 3280 n/a n/a n/a NO Yes NO 6.4 8.9 720 cfs

Lower WI Flambeau 1.2 MW n/a n/a n/a 1.7 3.5 12.2 Run of River Impoundment 71 570 570 n/a n/a NO Yes NO 11.8 12.7 930 cfs

Pixley WI Flambeau .96 MW n/a n/a n/a 2 1.75 16 Run of River Impoundment 193 1757 n/a n/a n/a NO Yes NO 5.6 8.3 675 cfs

Crowley WI Flambeau 1.74 n/a n/a n/a 1.4 2.38 20.7 Run of River Impoundment 422 3539 n/a YES Warm Full YES YES 7.6 5.1 MW Recovery 1480 cfs

B-7

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Baseline Fishery Mortality Name ST River Capacity Turbine Number Rated Intake Bar Depth Peaking or Impoundment Surface Volume Ave. Survey Type Entrainment Sampling Study Fish / Fish / Fish/mcf Rack / Hour Hour/ FERC NO. (MW) Type of Turbines Head Velocity Spacing of Intake Run of River Power Canal Acres (acre/ ft.) Depth Netting Hydroacoustics 1000 cfs (CFS) (ft) (ft/s) (in) (ft) (ft) Thornapple WI Flambeau 1.4 MW Propeller 2 @ 700 kW 15 1.22 1.69 13.1 Run of River Impoundment 295 1000 n/a YES Warm Full NO YES 7.0 5.0 Recovery 1400 on One cfs Unit

Rothschild WI Wisconsin 3.64 H. Francis 6 units n/a 2.15 1.38 15 Run of River Impoundment 1,604 13,900 n/a YES Warm Full NO YES 24.3 7.4 MW Recovery 3386 on Two cfs Units Vert. 1 unit Propeller

Wis. River WI Wisconsin 1.8 MW Horizontal 9 units 20 n/a n/a 19 Run of River Impoundment 240 1,120 n/a n/a Warm Full NO YES 80.6 15.7 Div. Recovery 5141 Francis hydromechanical Mainstem of Netting in cfs the Tailrace Wisconsin Tube 1 unit 22 River Turbine hydroelectric

Centralia WI Wisconsin 3.2 MW Vertical 4 @ 400 kW 15.5 n/a 3.5 n/a Run of River Impoundment 250 n/a n/a n/a Warm/cool Full NO YES 95.2 26.2 Recovery 3900 Francis on Unit # cfs 2 Power Canal Vertical Vertical 2 @ 800 kW 15.5 200 ft. long Francis Propeller

Shawano WI Wolf 0.7 MW 1 18.5 1.48 5 16 Run of River Impoundment 155 1,090 n/a n/a n/a YES YES YES 4.6 5.5 835 cfs

Townsend PA Beaver 5.0 MW Impoundment n/a n/a n/a Full 34.6 7.8 Recovery

Youghiogheny PA Youghiogheny Impoundment n/a n/a n/a Full 212.4 132.7 Recovery

Hawks Nest WV New 102 Peaking Impoundment n/a n/a n/a Partial YES 5.5 0.1 MW Recovery Net

B-8

PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION INTAKE PARAMETERS OPERATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE

Dam #4 WV Potomac 1.0 MW Horizontal 2 @ 500 kW 17.3 Impoundment n/a n/a n/a Full NO YES 0.6 0.3 Recovery 1082 Francis on Unit # cfs 1

Millville WV Shenandoah 2.8 MW Francis 1 @ 840 kW 22.4 Impoundment Full NO NO 3.5 1.6 Recovery 1970 Propeller 1 @ 1000 kW 24 on Unit # cfs 1 Kaplan 1 @ 1000 kW 24 Francis

B-9

TABLE B-2 PHYSICAL AND HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALL HYDROELECTRIC DAMS EQUIPPED WITH PROPELLER/KAPLAN TYPE TURBINES FOR WHICH SURVIVAL DATA ARE AVAILABLE

AVERAGE TREATMENT CONTROL TURBINE RUNNER RUNNER CONTROL PERCENT EST. SAMPLING SPECIES FISH NO. OF HEAD STATION SAMPLE SAMPLE FLOW SPEED DIA. SURVIVAL RECAPTURE PERCENT SOURCE METHOD TESTED LENGTH BLADES (FT) SIZE SIZE (CFS) (RPM) (IN) (%) SURVIVAL (MM) Treat. Control

Annapolis, NS Radio American shad 20 39 Adult 14,287 - 50 22 267 NA NA NA 53.7 Dadswell et telemetry al. (1986)

Chalk Hill, MI-WI HI-Z Bluegill 60 43 103 1,330 4 150 29 102 95.3 86.7 97.7 97 RMC (1993) Turb'N Tag

Chalk Hill, MI-WI HI-Z Bluegill 50 67 153 1,330 4 150 29 102 95.5 94 97 98 RMC (1993) Turb'N Tag

Chalk Hill, MI-WI HI-Z W. Sucker/R. Trout 77 70 119 1,330 4 150 29 102 94.3 80.5 94.3 91 RMC (1993) Turb'N Tag

Chalk Hill, MI-WI HI-Z W. Sucker/R. Trout 38 45 261 1,330 4 150 29 102 100 97.4 100 97 RMC (1993) Turb'N Tag

Conowingo, MD HI-Z American Shad 108 108 125 8,000 6 120 90 225 91.7 88 97.6 94.9 RMC (1993) Turb'N Tag

Craggy Dam, NC HI-Z Channel Catfish 43 28 180 600 4 229 21 69 100 93 100 93 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1993)

Craggy Dam, NC HI-Z Channel Catfish 63 28 180 200 4 229 - 69 100 90 100 90 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1993)

Craggy Dam, NC HI-Z Channel Catfish 39 22 277 200 4 229 - 69 100 90 100 81 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1993)

Craggy Dam, NC HI-Z Bluegill 33 40 100 200 4 229 - 69 90 85 90 96 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1993)

Craggy Dam, NC HI-Z Channel Catfish 32 22 277 600 4 229 - 69 100 88 100 93 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1993)

Craggy Dam, NC HI-Z Bluegill 72 54 155 200 4 229 - 69 96 90 96 86 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1993)

Crescent, NY HI-Z Blueback Herring 125 125 91 1,520 5 144 27 108 90 84 86 96 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1996b)

Greenup Dam, OH Radio Sauger 48 NA 231 11,866 5 90 30 240 NA 85.4 NA 85.4 Olson et al. telemetry (1990)

Hadley Falls, MA Radio American Shad 36 69 560 4,200 5 128 52 170 98.6 - - 78.2 Bell and telemetry Kynard (1985) Hadley Falls, MA HI-Z American Shad 100 100 82 4,200 5 128 52 170 75 76 76 97.3 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1994)

B-1

Hadley Falls, MA HI-Z American Shad 100 100 82 1,550 5 128 - 170 77 81 78 100 Mathur et al. Turb'N Tag (1994)

Hadley Falls, MA HI-Z American Shad 120 120 82 4,200 5 150 - 170 83.3 74.2 83.3 89.1 RMC Turb'N Tag (1992a)

Herrings, NY Full Centrarchid 74 65 <100 1,200 - 138 19 113 98.3 74.3 90.8 98.3 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Centrarchid 77 63 175 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 96 100 97.3 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Centrarchid 80 65 >250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 91.3 70.8 93.2 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Percid 46 51 <100 1,200 - 138 19 113 99.1 84.8 88.2 91.1 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Centrarchid 90 65 <100 1,200 - 138 19 113 98.2 96.7 95.4 95 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Centrarchid 90 69 100-250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 92.2 97.1 96.4 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Centrarchid 90 77 >250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 88.9 97.4 92.5 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Percid 185 78 <100 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 83.8 84.6 94.9 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Percid 179 139 100-250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 91.1 94.2 98.2 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Percid 138 137 >250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 84.8 94.2 96.2 KA (1996b) discharge netting

B-2

Herrings, NY Full Soft ray 188 144 <100 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 63.3 85.4 97.5 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Soft ray 201 159 100-250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 74.1 94.7 91.7 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Soft ray 175 125 >250 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 95.4 99.2 85.1 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Herrings, NY Full Clupeids 196 166 <100 1,200 - 138 19 113 100 90.3 90.4 92.8 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Marshall, NC Partial Resident 2,544 2,544 - 1,250 - 212 31.4 149.4 >80 - 39 92.3 EPRI (1992) netting

Morrow, MI (EPRI) Full Resident 764 220 - 235 - 175 12 54 93 81 93 92.1 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Bluegill 218 59 Adult\YOY 235 - 175 12 54 76 190 55 70 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Brown Bullhead 117 39 Adult 235 - 175 12 54 100 75.2 84.6 97 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Pumpkinseed 88 22 Adult\YOY 235 - 175 12 54 100 86.4 100 90 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Black Crappie 90 33 Adult\YOY 235 - 175 12 54 93 67.8 90.9 74 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full White Sucker 64 29 Adult\YOY 235 - 175 12 54 100 79.7 100 67 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Yellow Perch 39 5 Adult 235 - 175 12 54 100 82.1 100 78 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

B-3

Morrow, MI Full Redhorse 31 10 Adult 235 - 175 12 54 100 87.1 100 71 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Largemouth Bass 24 5 Adult 235 - 175 12 54 100 87.5 100 81 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Northern Pike 21 1 Adult 235 - 175 12 54 0 95.2 100 45 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Morrow, MI Full Yellow Bullhead 39 5 Adult 235 - 175 12 54 100 82.1 100 92 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Raymondville, NY Full Eel - - 625 1,640 6 120 21 131 - 85 90 63 KA (1996b) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Indigenous sp 3,378 - - 700 6 120 15 110 NA - - 95.3 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Bullheads & Catfish - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 91.9 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Suckers & Redhorse - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 93.4 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Panfish & Y. Perch - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 93.5 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full N. Pike & Muskllng - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 94.1 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Burbot - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 96.9 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

B-4

Thornapple, WI Full Minnow/Dace/Darter - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 97.1 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Small/Largemth Bass - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 97.4 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Thornapple, WI Full Walleye - - - - 6 120 - 110 NA - - 97.6 EPRI (1992) discharge netting

Townsend Dam, PA HI-Z Largemouth Bass 31 NA 217 1,500 3 152 16 113 NA 96.8 NA 96.8 RMC Turb'N Tag (1994b)

Townsend Dam, PA HI-Z Largemouth Bass 51 50 102 800 3 152 16 113 98 98 98 100 RMC Turb'N Tag (1994b)

Townsend Dam, PA HI-Z Largemouth Bass 50 50 217 800 3 152 16 113 100 100 100 86 RMC Turb'N Tag (1994b)

Twin Branch, IN Full Bluegill 300 300 126 411 4 241 21.4 NA - 73 57.7 94.7 RMC discharge (1994c) netting

B-5

APPENDIX C

FRESHWATER DRUM INFORMATION

TOWNSEND DAM ENTRAINMENT STUDY SUMMARY

OSWEGO RIVER PROJECT ENTRAINMENT STUDY SUMMARY

1.0 TOWNSEND DAM ENTRAINMENT STUDY

1.1 SITE DESCRIPTION

The Townsend Dam Project is located in Fallston and New Brighton, Pennsylvania on the Beaver River, an Ohio River tributary that has a drainage area of approximately 3,100 square miles. The Project has a rated head of 16 feet and operates in a run-of-river mode using two Kaplan (propeller turbines). The Beaver River fisher consists of a mixture of warm and cool water species, including freshwater drum.

1.2 STUDY DESCRIPTION

Full recovery entrainment netting was performed on Unit 2 at the Townsend Dam Project. The unit was sampled for 24 hours three times per month in January – August 1992, July 1993, September – December 1993, and April 1994. Net efficiency tests resulted in relatively high efficiencies (94% to 97%). A total of 392,023 fish were collected during sampling. The entrainment sample was dominated by gizzard shad (99.4%). Freshwater drum comprised approximately 0.15% of the sample.

2.0 OSWEGO PROJECT ENTRAINMENT STUDY

2.1 SITE DESCRIPTION

The Oswego Project is located in north-central New York State and is comprised of three developments: Fulton, Minetto, and Varick. The Oswego River originates just downstream of Oneida Lake at the confluence of the Seneca and Oneida Rivers. The Oswego River drainage area is approximately 5,100 square miles. The projects are operated as storage-and-release pulsing facilities. Entrainment netting was performed only at the Minetto site, which has a rated head of 17.3 ft and five horizontal Francis turbines with combined hydraulic capacity of 7,500 cfs.

C-1

2.2 STUDY DESCRIPTION

Full recovery entrainment netting was performed for a 48 hour duration on units 3, 4, and 5 at the Minetto development between May 1994 and April 1995 on a bi-weekly interval. Net efficiency tests were conducted on each unit and used to adjust entrainment netting data to provide total entrainment estimates for each unit. Data from the sampled units was used to estimate entrainment at the unsampled units (Units 1 and 2). A total of 3,519,061 fish were estimated as entrained at Minetto during the study. Gizzard shad were the dominant species, comprising 62% of all entrainment at the site. Freshwater drum were estimated to comprise less than 0.001%.

C-2

TABLE C-1 ENTRAINMENT DATABASE FOR USE WITH THE HOLT ENTRAINMENT STUDY

INTAKE PROJECT LOCATION TURBINE CONFIGURATION IMPOUNDMENT/ POWER CANAL DATA BIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE ENTRAINMENT RATE PARAMETERS

CAPACITY NUMBER RATED INTAKE AVE. NAME SURFACE VOLUME BASELINE FISHERY ENTRAINMENT SAMPLING MORTALITY FISH/ FISH/HOUR/ FISH/ ST RIVER (MW) OF HEAD VELOCITY DEPTH FERC NO. ACRES (ACRE/FT) SURVEY TYPE STUDY HOUR 1000 CFS MCF (CFS) TURBINES (FT) (FT/S) (FT) Netting Hydroacoustics Holt Black 46.94MW AL 1@46,944kW 60 3,296 No. 2203 Warrior 11,200cfs Ninety-Nine Full Recovery 18MW 2.3 Islands SC Broad 6@3,000kW 72 433 2300 > 6 Yes Warm Netting on 3,992cfs 70%clear No.2331 Unit 4 Yes Yes 18.8 4.1 3.4 Gaston 1@2,340kW Full Recovery 9.1MW 43 0.7 Shoals SC Broad 3@1,440kW 300 2500 > 30 Yes Warm Netting on 2,800cfs 51 70%clear No.2332 1@2,500kW Unit 6 Yes No 17.9 6.7 3.6 Neals Full Recovery 4.42MW 3.4 Shoals SC Broad 4@1,100kW 24 600 1500 Yes Warm Netting on 4,000cfs 70%clear No. 2315 Unit 3 Yes Yes 17.4 5.6 Holidays Full Recovery 3.5MW 3@1,250kW 1.2 466 Bridge SC Saluda 41.5 6000 > 6 Yes Warm Netting on 1,850cfs 1@600kW 70%clear 1.5 No.2465 Unit 3 Yes Yes 12.8 8 4.7 Saluda Full Recovery 2..4MW 2.0 Hydro SC Saluda 4@600kW 38 556 7228 6 Yes Warm Netting on 1,280cfs 70%clear No. 2406 Unit 1 Yes No 8.3 10.4 5.3 Richard B. Russell 648MW 4@80MW Full Recovery GA/SC Savannah 144 26,653 1,026,244 Yes Warm USACE 60,000cfs 4@82MW Netting on Project Unit 1 Yes Yes 894.2 14.9 4.1 Augusta Partial King Mill 2.05MW 1@650kW 7 GA/SC Canal 30 1.5 Yes Warm Recovery Net No. 9988 950cfs 1@1,400kW 11 Savannah in tailrace No No 15.8 15.8 4.9 Moore's 1.8MW MI Grand 2@540kW 15 3.67 240 2,000 n/a Yes Warm/Cool Park 1,200cfs Full recovery Yes Yes 9.8 8.2 4.9 1.2MW Full recovery Kleber MI Black 2@600kW 44 1.41 270 3,000 n/a n/a Warm/Cool 1,200cfs on one unit Yes Yes 7.2 18 9 Minetto* Full Netting NY Oswego 7,500cfs 5@1500cfs 17.3 2.6fps 350 4,730 n/a Yes Cool/Cold No. 2474 Units 3, 4, &5 No Yes Townsend* PA Beaver 5.0MW 2 16 n/a n/a n/a n/a Yes Warm No.3451 Full recovery No Yes 34.6 7.8 *These two studies were used to estimate freshwater drum entrainment only

C-3

APPENDIX D

AGENCY QUESTIONS/COMMENTS AND ALABAMA POWER RESPONSE

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, December 14, 2011 11:49 AM To: Powers, Jason Cc: Greene, Chris; [email protected]; Nix, Erica Shelton; Leslie, Fred; Moody, Gary; Wathen, John; Edwards, Jeanne; Takats, Judy (work); Takats, Judy (home); Sumner, Chuck; Sisk, Lynn; Reid, Mitch; Brooke, Nelson; [email protected]; Allen, Bob; Cook, Stan; [email protected]; [email protected] Subject: Re: Draft Holt Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Study

Jason,

Thank you for the opportunity to review the Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Study for the Holt Project. As for the fishes, your analysis appears to be accurate and well written. However, I suggest APCo also consider freshwater mussels as possible victims of entrainment /impingement. Although it's not typically a factor considered at hydropower projects around the country, as it is not documented in FERC (1995), I do believe it should be considered in areas that support freshwater mussels. Since mussels are benthic animals, they, or their host fish species, have the potential to be entrained/impinged at the project intakes. For example, on June 14, 2005, a juvenile Alabama (=inflated) heelsplitter (Potamilus inflatus) was apparently impinged and removed from the trash racks at APCo's Greene County Steam Plant (GCSP). Although this might have been a rare incident, it still warrants consideration.

Even though the inflated heelsplitter was not reported during your recent surveys, we do believe it occurs in the vicinity of the Holt Project. I recommend that a comparison of flow rates, screen size, and other pertinent information be conducted between GCSP and the Holt Project, and incorporated into this analysis. I also recommend using information provided in Table 6 of this analysis to estimate potential levels of mortality (i.e., “take”) for the Freshwater Drum (Aplodinotus grunniens), which is the known host fish for the inflated heelsplitter (Roe et al. 1997).

Thanks again for the opportunity to review this study. If you have any questions, please let me know.

jeff

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). 1995. Preliminary assessment of fish entrainment at hydropower projects – volume 1 (Paper No. DPR-10). Office of Hydropower Licensing, FERC, Washington, DC.

Roe, K.J., A.M. Simons, and P.D. Hartfield. 1997. Identification of a fish host of the inflated heelsplitter Potamilus inflatus (Bivalvia: Unionidae) with a description of its glochidium. The American Midland Naturalist 138(1):48-54.

Jeff Powell Aquatic Biologist U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Alabama Ecological Services Field Office ======1208-B Main Street Daphne, Alabama 36526 251.441.5858 http://daphne.fws.gov http://www.facebook.com/#!/usfwsalabama

Alabama Power Response: Alabama Power respectfully disagrees with the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) assumption that individual mussels would be entrained at the Holt Project on a regular basis. We

base this assumption on the large physical differences between a cooling water intake and a hydropower intake. The cooling water intake at the Greene County Steam Plant is located at the terminus of a 600 foot long intake canal from Demopolis Reservoir on the Black Warrior River. The intake area is separated into three bays approximately 11 feet wide by 32 feet tall. Water is withdrawn from the surface to bottom of the structures and studies by Alabama Power reported that the maximum intake capacity for this structure is 673 cfs with an intake velocity of 1.34 ft/sec at the intake screens. Therefore the flow in the intake canal is relatively slow and the canal could likely become inhabited by mussels.

The Holt intake is located in the main channel of the Warrior River. The depth of the forebay is approximately 75 feet deep and the penstock is approximately 81.5 feet wide by 40 feet deep. Flows enter the penstock from the surface to approximately 15 feet above the substrate. The turbine has a minimum hydraulic capacity of 1,000 cfs, and maximum hydraulic capacity of 11,200 cfs with a maximum intake velocity of approximately 4 ft/sec. Because the penstock intake is more surface oriented, the probability of entraining a mussel is not as likely as a cooling water intake. Hydropower sites do not typically have bio-fouling as a result of mussels or clams and none have been noted at the Holt facility. Also as USFWS notes, the inflated heelsplitter was not detected in the vicinity of the Holt Project. Although they may be present in the system, their population densities are apparently very low, which would also diminish their chances of entrainment.

Estimates of turbine mortality for freshwater drum are presented in Table 15 of the Holt Entrainment Report. The study estimated that approximately 438 freshwater drum are killed by turbine mortality at the Project annually.

From: "Greene, Chris" > Date: December 16, 2011 3:42:19 PM CST To: "Powers, Jason" > Cc: "Cook, Stan" >, "'[email protected]'" >, "Haffner, Jay" > Subject: RE: Draft Holt Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Study

Jason,

The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Fisheries Section) has reviewed the Draft Holt Fish Entrainment and Turbine Mortality Study and provides the following comments:

1) The Family Moronidae (white bass, hybrid striped bass, and striped bass) is missing from Table 2.

Alabama Power Response: Alabama Power reviewed Table 2 to determine the inconsistency. On February 28, 2011, the ADCNR (Chris Greene & Andrew Henderson) provided a table of species that should be present at the Holt site. The family Moronidae was not in that table. However, ADCNR (Chris Greene)

commented on May 31, 2011 that ADCNR has historically stocked hybrid striped bass in the Holt reservoir. We did include Moronidae in the entrainment and mortality calculations but inadvertently left them out of Table 2. Table 2 has been corrected.

2) Coosa Bass is incorrectly listed under the Moronidae Family in Table 3. Redeye bass (aka Coosa Bass) is already listed under the Family Centrarchidae.

Alabama Power Response: We have made that correction and rechecked the table for calculations.

3) The family Percidae is misspelled as Perdidae in Table 6.

Alabama Power Response: We have corrected this error.

4) Was the mortality rate (18.5%) for the Scianidae Family obtained from actual field observations from the two studies or was this value obtained from substitute species data? It was observed that the mortality value for this family was exactly the same as for the Catostomidae Family.

Alabama Power Response: We have reviewed the data and determined that your assumption is correct. The mortality rate for the family Scianidae was a substitute value from the Catastomidae family, which we believe is close in morphology to the Scianids

5) The entrainment estimates for freshwater drum were obtained from two separate hydropower facilities, both of which are located in the northeast (NY and PA). Is this data actually comparable to the Holt Project, since the relative abundance of fish may be much different? Are there any other southern hydropower projects where freshwater drum entrainment rates could be obtained?

Alabama Power Response: We have used the best available information as the basis for our entrainment estimates. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other entrainment studies that we can use for the estimate of freshwater drum. If the ADCNR is aware of additional information, we will work with you to include that data into our estimates and the report.

Thanks for the opportunity to comment on this draft study,

J. Chris Greene Environmental Affairs Supervisor Alabama Wildlife & Freshwater Fisheries Division Fisheries Section 64 North Union Street, Suite 658 Montgomery, Alabama 36104 334-353-0210

APPENDIX E

ANNUAL AND MONTHLY FLOW DURATION CURVES

LEGEND

The period of record used in the development of the flow duration curves was January 1984 to February 2010, and the drainage area for the gage is 4,219 square miles.

Holt Flow Duration Curve Yearly

180000 160000 140000

120000 100000 80000 Flow (dsf) 60000

40000 20000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

MONTHLY FLOW DURATION CURVES

January Flow Duration Curve

160000

140000

120000

100000

80000 Inflow 60000

40000

20000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

February Flow Duration Curve

180000

160000

140000

120000

100000

Inflow 80000

60000

40000

20000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

March Flow Duration Curve

120000

100000

80000

60000 Inflow

40000

20000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

April Flow Duration Curve

140000

120000

100000

80000

Inflow 60000

40000

20000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

May Flow Duration Curve

100000 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 Inflow 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

June Flow Duration Curve

60000

50000

40000

30000 Inflow

20000

10000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

July Flow Duration Curve

80000

70000

60000

50000

40000 Inflow 30000

20000

10000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

August Flow Duration Curve

14000

12000

10000

8000

Inflow 6000

4000

2000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

September Flow Duration Curve

80000

70000

60000

50000

40000 Inflow 30000

20000

10000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

October Flow Duration Curve

70000

60000

50000

40000

Inflow 30000

20000

10000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

November Flow Duration Curve

90000 80000 70000 60000 50000

Inflow 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence

December Flow Duration Curve

90000 80000 70000 60000 50000

Inflow 40000 30000 20000 10000

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent Exceedence