TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN CIN OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY, PA APRIL, 1981
TI TUSVI LLE CITY COUNCIL : Eugene C. Mitcham, Mayor Dennis E. Peden, Deputy Mayor Jayne T. Logan John C. Cramer Robert W. Schneider TITUSVILLE CITY MANAGER: Dennis R. Stuckey
TI TUSVI LLE SOLICITOR : Richard W. Roeder, Esquire
TITUSVILLE PLANNING COMMISSION: Elmer M. Robbins, Chairman Samuel E. Yakish , Vice-chairman Richard B. Mahany Secretary David Evans Frank Wedeki nd TITUSVILLE CITY ENGINEER: Northwest Engi neeri ng IRC.
ADV I SOR : Redevelopment Authori ty of the Ci ty of Ti tusvi 11e Staff CONSULTANT: Northwest Engi neeri ng , Inc.
This Plan was funded in part by a grant from the Farmers Home Administration in cooperation with the Redevelopment Authority of the City of Ti tusvi 1le. REGIONAL LOCATION
WARREN
P EN N SYLVANIA
FRANKLIN\e I '\I "ENANGO\ f \
1 prepared by B NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC
TITUS I 1
TITUSVILLE COPIPREHEfiJS IVE PLAN
CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY, PA
TABLE OF CONTENTS -PAGE DEMOGMPH IC ANALYS IS 1
LAND USE 21
ECONOM ICS 28
TRANS PO RTATI ON 72
COMMUNITY FACI LIT1ES 116
PUBLIC UTILITIES 166
HOUS ING 183
DEVELOPMEPIT PIAN 209
APPEND1 X TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
LIST OF MAPS
Fol 1owi ng Paqe No. I REGIONAL LOCATION MAP
LAND USE
A. Slope Map 22 B. Soil Suitability Map 22 C. Floodplain Map 24 D. Existing Land Use Map 27
# ECONOMI C ANALYSIS
E. City Wards 57
TRANSPORTATION
F. Cartway Widths Map 73 G. Right-of-way Map 75 H. Roadway Surfaces Map 75 I J. Highway Functional Classification Map 79 K. Average Daily Traffic Map 81 L. Major Transportation Facilities Flap 107 I M. Selected Intersections Map 111 Detail T-1 (page 112) Detail T-2 (page 113) Detail T-3 (page 114)
COMMUNITY FACILITIES
N. Community Facilities Map 149 P. Recreation Areas Map 159 i PUBLIC UTILITIES Q. Existing Water System Map 171 R. Existing Sewer System Map 175 0 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LIST OF MAPS CONTINUED
Fol 1owing Paqe No. 8 HOUSING S. Proposed Nei ghborhoods Map 194 e DEVELOPMENT PLAN T. General Development Plan 210 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LIST OF FIGURES
PAGE _L 3 I 4 I 7 '4 Titusville City Population 1940-1970; Percentages by Age Group & Sex 11 5 Population by Age and Sex, City of Titusville, 1970 12 1 8 6 Marital Status, 14 Years Old and Over 13 7 Relationship and Race 14 8 8 Education, 1970 15 9 Population Projections, City of Titusville 16 10 Titusville Planning Period Population Projections 19 11 Oil Creek Valley Region Planning Period Population Projections 20 @ 12 Minimum Land Area Requirements by Use 26 13 Titusville Comprehensive Plan, Land Area Requirements by Use 27
14 Change in Employees, 1973-1978, Selected Crawford County @ Municipal i ti es 31
15 Comparative Statistics for Manufacturing Establishments for 8 Selected Crawford County Municipalities, 1978 33 # 16 Regional Manufacturing Statistics, 1970-1978 35 17 Manufacturing Industries and Employment 37
~ 8 18 Manufacturing Financial Comparisons 38 c 19 Retail Sales, 1977 42 20 Resident/Non-Resident Employment Statistics for A1 1 Employers, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1979 45
8 21 Five Year Income Comparison, Titusville Area & Crawford County 46 1 FIGURE PAGE 8 22 Titusville Family Income, 1950-1970 47 23 Unemployment Rates, Oil City/Franklin/Titusvil le Labor Market I Area, 197 9- 1980 48 24 Unemployment Rates, 1979-1980, Labor Markets in Region 49 25 General Fund Revenue/Expenditure Comparisons, 1975-1980, City ,I of Titusville, Crawford County 52 26 General Fund Revenues, 1975-1980, City of Ti tusvil 1e, 8 Crawford County 54 27 Tax Revenue Generation, 1970-1980, City of Titusville, 8 Crawford County 57 28 Assessed Valuations, 1978-1980, City of Ti tusvi 11 e, Crawford 8 County 59 29 General Fund Expenditures, 1975-1980, City of Titusville, 8 Crawford County 64 30 City of Ti tusvill e, Statement of Constitutional Debt Incurring 8 Capacity for Year Ended December 31, 1979 71 31 Analysis of Accident Frequency and Locations, 1978, 1979, 1980 82 I 32 To tal Acci dents Ta bul ati on 86 33 Parking Survey, Dec. 1980-Jan. 1981, City of Titusville, Crawford P County 95 34 Parking Lot Capacity by Angle 97 1c 35 Titusville Area School District, Present School Enrollment, 1980- 1981 135 s 36 Titusville Area School District, Projected Enrollment, 1981-1985 136 37 Titusville Area School District, Existing Facilities 138 38 University of Pittsburgh, Enrollment 141 39 Benson Memorial Library, 1981, Sources of Revenue 145 40 Planning Criteria for Libraries 147 41 Present and Recommended Levels of Library Facilities 148 42 Titusville Leisure Services Board Organization - Relationship 154 43 Land Resourcesof the System, Titusville Leisure Services Board 156 44 Equipment & Supplies, Titusville Leisure Services Board 157 FIGURE PAGE
45 Recreational Activities Requirements, Year 2000, City of Titusvill e, Crawford County 158
46 Titusvil 1e Water Distribution System 169
47 City of Titusville, Sewer Lines, Linear Feet by Size of Line 173
48 Age of Housing Stock, City of Titusvi 11e, Crawford County 183 49 Population & Housing Growth Changes, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1940-1980 184
50 Building & Demolition Permits Issued, City of Titusville, Crawford County 1970-1980 185
51 Housing Units by Building-. Type, City of Titusville, Crawford County ; 1970- 1980 186
52 Owner/Renter/Vacant Housing Unit Status, City of Titusvil 1e, Crawford County, 1970-1980 187
53 Housing Conditions, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1977-1980 189
54 Usable & Available Housing Stock, City of Titusv 1 1e, Crawford County, 1970-1980 190
55 Change in Usable & Available Housing Stock, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1970-1980 190
56 Housing Units by Neighborhood, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1980 192
57 Occupied/Vacant Units by Neighborhood, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1980 192
58 Housing Type by Neighborhood, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1980 193
59 Condition of Housing Units by Neighborhood, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1980 194
60 Vacancy Rates, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1970-1980 200
61 Household Needs by Population & Average Household Size, City of Titusvi 11 e, Crawford County 202
62 New Housing Unit Construction Needed to Meet Housing Need, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1980-2000 2 04
63 Income Categories of Families & Unrelated Individuals, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1970 206 __.PAGE
~ 8 64 Housing Needs by Category, City of Titusville, Crawford, I 1980-2000 206 8 65 New Unit Construction Needs, City of Titusville, Crawford County, 1980-2000 2 08 66 Land Use Capacitfes & Requirements, City of Titusville 210 I c t t 8 2 E
DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
PAST GROWTH TRENDS 1
COMPOSITION BY AGE GROUPS 5
GENERAL BACKGROUND 6
AGE GROUP DISTRIBUTION 6 AGE - SEX DISTRIBUTION 9 CURRENT POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS 12
RACE 13
MARITAL STATUS/FAMILY RELATIONSHIP 13
FAMILY SIZE 14
EDUCATION 14
POPULATION PROJECTION 16 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
PAST GROWTH TRENDS Jonathan Titus and Samuel Kerr stumbled upon the 0i.l Creek Valley in 1796 while surveying for the Holland Land Company. Deciding this pristine, wooded area in the Allegheny Section of the Ohio River Watershed would be an ideal location for a community, they established a small settlement. Settlers from New England, New York State, and Eastern Pennsylvania slowly migrated to the area, fueling its growth.
Lumbering of white pine served as the region's primary industry during these early years. The town's close proximity to the Allegheny River, its link to Pi ttsburgh and other markets requi ri ng quali ty timber, proved ideal. A1 though the lumber industry was well-suited to the region, the demand for oil wh ch flowed freely but slowly from underground deposits spurred the development of oi 1 drilling techniques . Foll owi ng the success of the first comrnerci a1 ly producti ve oi 1 we1 1 in August 1859 by Edwin Drake, the area grew at a furious pace. Many towns were quickly erected and abandoned following disasters or depletion of the oil supply. The most well-known of these boomtowns was Pithole which existed for only five hundred (500) days duri ng 1864-1 865.
The region's population grew steadily until 1870 when oil production declined. While many surrounding communities lost all or a part of their population, Titusville which had prospered during the industry's boom period, maintained a relatively stable population of just over eight thousand (8,000) people. The wealth generated during that era was invested in establishing the essential components of a long-
lasting communi ty--hospi tal, parks, schools ¶ YWCA, YMCA, commerce, and other industries, among them primarily metals. More recently, the industrial base has expanded to include electronic equipment and plastic products.
1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
In decades fo lowing the Great Depression, Titusville's population'grew to a peak (based on Decennial Census Data) of 8,923 in 1950. During the 1940's and 1950 ' s , several factors si gni fi cantly i nfl uenced Ti tusvi 11e ' s base. Fi rs t , despite its relatively small scale, the Oil Creek Valley was affected by suburban- ization. The large cities, or previously existing population centers , experienced declines while surrounding communities, with their lower tax rates, availability of land, and lower crime rates attracted the newly affluent. One can readily see the growth and new development which occurred in Hydetown, Oil Creek Township (in both Venango and Crawford Counties) , Pleasantville, and Cherrytree Township on the attached table. Potential residents searched for the open space offered in these undeveloped areas.
While Titusville grew during the 1930-1950 period at a rate equivalent to that of Crawford County (9.8% vs. 10.2%), Hydetown Borough and Oil Creek Townships developed nearly twice as rapidly. Conversely, Oil City and Franklin saw a slow and steady erosion in their populations.
An additional factor which significantly affected Ti tusville's population was the closing of the plants of some of the area's largest employers. The closings of National Forge and of Struthers Wells in the early sixties began the decline. The assumption has been made that the loss of jobs caused by the closings resulted in a significant number of families leaving the area in search of employment el sewhere.
2 z-4 I- m 3t:
--I POPULATION GROWTH TRENDS 1930 1940 -1950 1960 1970 1976l 1979l 19802 . Crawford County 62,980 71,644 78,948 77,956 81,342 85,357 85,354 87,482 H < Titusvi 1 le 8,055 8,126 8,923 8,356 7,331 6,742 6,622 6,811 rn -0 I- Oil Creek Township 1,298 3= 1,513 1,649 1,755 1,743 n/a n/a 2,012 z Hydetown Borough 420 446 530 679 725 n/a n/a 7 54
Venango County 63,226 63,958 65,328 65,295 62,353 63,782 63,221 63,852 0 Oil City 22,075 20,379 19,581 17,692 15,033 14,770 14,358 13,858
Frank1in 10,254 9,948 10,006 9,586 8,629 8,186 7,998 8,032
Cherrytree Township 1,296 1,253 1,296 1,568 1,522 n/a n/a 1,567
Oil Creek Township 476 5 59 688 7 23 7 59 n/a n/a 862
Pleasantville Borough 627 689 704 940 1,005 n/a n/a 1,098
ource: U.S. Census of Population 'Source: Current Population Reports 2Source: 1980 Preliminary Census Counts POPULATION GROWTH TRENDS
PERCENTAGE CHANGE
1930-1 940 1940-1950 1950-1 960 1960-1 970 1970-1 980 Um
.In 0 Crawford County +13.8 +10.2 - 1.3 +4.4 +7.5 =xDO DW Titusvi 11e + .9 + 9.8 - 6.4 -12.2 -7.1 5% Oil Creek Township +16.6 + 9.0 + 6.4 + .68 t15.4 n < rn Hydetown Borough + 6.2 +18.8 +28.0 + 6.7 +4.0
Venango County + 1.2 + 2.1 - 0.1 - 4.5 t2.4 Oil City - 7.7 - 3.9 - 9.6 -1 5.0 -7.8 Franklin - 3.0 + 0.6 - 4.2 - 1.0 -1.9 Cherrytree Township - 3.3 + 3.4 +21 .o - 2.9 +3.0
Oil Creek Township +17.4 +23.0 + .14 + 5.0 +13.6
Pleasantvi 1 le Borough + 9.9 + 2.2 +33.5 + 6.9 +9.3
Source: U.S. Census of Population
_.__ :i! TI TUSVI LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPH I C ANALYSIS
COMPOSITION BY AGE GROUPS .- General Background The analysis of Titusville's age structure is one of the more important aspects of the population study. It is important because it aids in the determination of the potential labor force, school age population, and requirements for needed com- munity facilities and future housing requirements. For example, a decrease in the school-age population may affect the size and cost of proposed school improve- ments. Likewise , an increase in the elderly age groups would necessi tate addi tional fac i 1 i ties for senior ci ti zens .
As noted previously, each age group has its own particular needs and these needs vary as the individual passes from one age level to another. For example, the basic need for young people (the school-age population) is the provision of adequate recreational and educational faci 1 i ties to provide ample opportunity for social and physical development of both the individual and the group.
Individuals in their twenties and thirties have a different set of needs, but the primary need is for employment opportunities. A secondary need, particularly as these individuals marry and begin to raise families, is that of housing in terms of quality, income range, and size to meet varying needs and/or preferences. It should be pointed out that individuals, as well as families in this group, are particularly susceptible to moving from one area to another, basically in search of better employment opportuni ties .
Individuals in the forty to sixty-five (40-65) age group comprise a more stable element of the population and generally are the civic leaders, political decision- makers and managers in the local economy. Their numbers and character are of ex- treme importance to the well-being of any community. 5 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN . DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
The number of senior citizens (over 65) has been increasing rapidly in the past two decades, particularly as a result of medical advances that have been made during the last ten to twenty (10-20) years, which has resulted in people living longer. This group takes on added importance because of their specialized needs.
In many cases, their income is rather limited and their needs are certainly much different than when they were younger. Recognition of these older groups and appropriate consideration for their needs can turn what some might feel a liability, into an asset for the community. Basic among the needs of this age group is the provision of safe and adequate housing that is in proportion of their income level.
. .. -
Age Group Distribution
.. -~ ~ . . . -~ .. .. The following table presents a breakdown of the Titusville City population into specific age groups and shows the 1950-1978 change which has occurred.
6 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 3 AGE GROUP DISTRIBUTIONS TITUSVILLE 1950 1960 1970 1978l 1980 As e #% #% #% #% #%
5 953 10.7 936 11.2 652 8.9 646 9.0 -I 5--9 805 9.0 799 9.6 586 8.0 574 8.0 0 W 10-14 646 7.2 782 9.4 718 9.8 570 7.9 m 15-19 559 6.3 552 6.6 755 10.3 632 8.8 W 20-24 560 6.3 433 5.2 523 7.1 547 7.6 0;cI < 25-29 682 7.6 462 5.5 366 5.0 572 8.0 Y 0 30-34 687 7.7 495 5.9 331 4.5 458 6,.4 m 35-39 622 7.0 544 6.5 365 5.0 331 4.6 0 40-44 544 6.1 550 6.6 449 6.1 343 4.8 45-49 476 5.3 503 6.0 446 6.1 267 3.7 50-54 468 5.2 421 5.0 450 6.1 420 5.8 55-59 422 4.7 394 4.7 405 5.5 411 5.7 60-64 489 5.5 358 4.3 327 4.5 400 5.6 65-69 371 4.2 346 4.1 286 3.9 336 4.7 70-74 326 3.7 332 ,4.0 247 3.4 259 3.6 75+ 313 3.5 449 5.4 425 5.8 413 5.8 Total 8,923 8,356 7,.331 7,179
Source: U.S. Census of Population 'Source Estimations: Appendix I1 Ti tusville Housing Market Analysis Rough Draft, October 1978
7 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPH IC ANALYSIS
Essentia ly the major trends are as follows: Between 1950 and 1978 the under five (5) age group showed a substantial loss from nine hundred fifty-three (953) to six hundred forty-six (646) persons, or three hundred seven (307) less persons. Obviously, the lower fertility rate which has been experienced nationwide has also manifested itself in Titusville. The five to fourteen (5-14) age group has also declined dramatically in terms of raw numbers during the stated twenty-eight (28) year period. This group peaked within the 1960-70 period and was a result of the large number of births that occurred in the late 50's and early 60's. The fifteen to nineteen (15-19) age group has actually increased its number by seventy-three (73) persons during an overall twenty-eight (28) year period of population decline. Aside from the over seventy-five (75) age group this is the only age group that has advanced in number. Tempering this gain is the fact that the 1970-78 period witnessed a decrease in the total number of fifteen to nineteen (15-19) year olds. The fifteen to nineteen (15-19) and twenty to twenty-four (20-24) age groups are also high due to the resident student enrollment of the Branch Campus of the University of Pittsburgh located in Titusville. Stability has been maintained in the important twenty to thirty-four (20-34) age group over the stated period and this is the important young labor market of Titusville industry. Its solidarity over the stated period is primarily a result of the job market being fairly stable. If this group can be stabilized, along with the fifteen to nineteen (15-19) age group, through continued employment opportunities, the child-bearing I attributes of this group will be shown in the following census with increases in the ten and under group. With exception to a 1970-78 rise in the thirty to thirty-four (30-34) I age group, the thirty to forty-nine (30-49) age grouping has been the significant area of decline for Titusville during the past three decades. While this group should demonstrate an increase within the next decennial i census, it is obvious that the lags in the Titusville economy has had extreme impact on this group's decline. This group's decline has been solely responsible in the decline of the younger age groups. 8 While there have been declines in the over fifty (50+) age groupings, these declines have not been dramatic. The ability of this group to remain fairly stable has been due to the fact that these persons are I established Titusville residents with economic solidarity. The fact that the elderly population, sixty-five and over has remained 1 fairly stable in a period of overall decline is indication of the in- creased longevity trend due to advances in the medical delivery system. Due to the economic and physical hardships which this group demonstrates, I the needs for continued housing assistance will be felt in Titusville during the 1980's. i 8 1 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 8) The number and solidarity of the future Titusville population depends I upon the c ty's ability to increase or at least maintain its current employment situation. Given existing trends and assuming that the status QUO, economic situation is maintained, the Titusville population decline should be arrested and a leveling off or stabilizing population I should be realized.
1 Age - Sex Distribution: I The following page ncludes a graphic presentation of the Titusvil le City age group by sex for the decades of 1940, 1950, 1960, and 1970. This "population 1 pyramid" was constructed by the Crawford County P anning Commiss on staff based upon official decennial census counts and it is a convenient aid which allows one I to follow any age-sex group through the decades and note changes. The pyramid 8 is useful as it can give a good indication of the size of various age-sex groups over a.period of years. Use of the table can be enhanced by color coding the I same group of people (the bars) for different decades.
I True to the national experience, females have traditionally outnumbered and outlived their male counterparts in Titusvil e. While totals have slightly de- I creased for males over the age of sixty-five (65) since the pyramid base year I of 1940, the number of women over sixty-five (65) has dramatically grown by close to thirty-five percent (35%) dur ng the thirty (30)-year period. This 8 trend should continue through the 1980 census and beyond due to the high percen- tage of males and females in the fifty five to sixty-four (55-64) and forty-five I to fifty-four (45-54) age groups. The reversal of the male demise in total numbers 1 is also expected in following decennial counts due to advances in med cal care and the overall increase experienced in its population in the forty-five to sixty- I four (45-64) age grouping. There will be a continuing need in the future for 1 elderly housing at affordable rates. I Y TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPH I C ANALY S IS
The pyramid also reveals the notable decreases in both sex groups in the twenty-five to thirty-four (25-34) and thirty-five to forty-four (35-44) age groupings during the thirty (30)-year period which were discussed in the overall composition by age group section. The decrease in the twenty-five to thirty- four (25-34) age group for both males and females is the more dramatic and this is a simple result of out-migration.
The median age of the city's female population has increased from 32.6 years to 34.7 years while the median age of males has decreased from 30.8 years to 27.1 years during the 1940-1970 period. The median age is not an average, rather I it is a mid-point in age from the youngest person to the oldest. The age decrease for males has been influenced by a few factors key of which is the student college enrollment for males which was first reflected in the 1970 census, an actually higher birth rate of young males (over female counterpart) during the 1950-1970 period and a higher evidence of out-migration (over female counterpart) in the twenty-five to forty-four (25-44) age group. While the student enrollment factor also affected the female overall median age figure, it was tempered by the larger increase of females in the sixty-five (65) and over category.
On the positive side is the youth of Titusville. There is still an ample (although somewhat decreased) supply of males and females in the five to fourteen (5-14) age group and the fifteen to twenty-four (15-24) year male and female . group have increased significantly during the 1960-70 period. A majority of the females in these two age groups will progress to the child-bearing age in the 1980 census and this will undoubtedly lead to future increases in the school age children of the community over the next ten years (1980-90).
10 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS - TITUSVILLE CITY TABLE # 4 .. POPULATION 1940-70 PERCENTAGES BY AGE 'SROUP AND SEX
MALE FEMALE TOTAL
1940 3,904 4,222 8,126 1950 R.4.1 86 4,7 3.7 8,923 1960 3,903 4,453 9,356 1970 3,380 3,95 I 7,3 3 I
MALE PERCENT OF TOTAL ISYO IO?& Soh 0 010 -
65 a OVER .- I
55-64 -
45-54
r i -
35 -4 4
25-34
IF I
15-24 - I I 1' i
5 -14 - I It I 1
0-4
11 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS I CURRENT POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS A numerical breakdown of the current age-sex population of the city to 8 accompany the population pyramid is presented in the table below: 1 TABLE # 5 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX CITY OF TITUSVILLE 1 1970
% of % of % of I Ma le -Mal e Femal e Femal e Total Total 0- 14 344 10.17 7.79 308 652 8.89 I 5- 14 642 18.99 16.67 659 1,301 17.74 15-24 629 18.60 16.40 648 1,277 17.41 25-34 328 9.70 9.39 37 1 699 9.53 J 35-44 391 11.56 10.70 423 814 11.10 45-54 416 12.30 12.14 480 896 12.22 55-64 316 9.34 10.52 416 732 9.98 65+ 3 14 9.28 16.35 64 6 96 0 13.09 I Total 3 ,380 3,951 7,331 I SOURCE: U.S. Census - 1970, Percentages were computed. 1 When comparing this table with the "pyramid" it should be understood that percentages shown herein were computed on the respective age-sex group basis, 1 while the pyramid for percentages was computed on a total basis. I Several quantitative observations can be made from this table. For example, there were two thousand seven hundred ninety (2,790) women of child-bearing age 8 (ages 15-44); five thousand three hundred seventy-eight (5,378) people were in
the work force age group (15-65); and there were nine hundred sixty (960) senior 1 citizens (age 65 and over). The five to fourteen (5-14) age group had the most I people (1,301) and together with the second highest age group, the fifteen to twenty-four (15-24) group, over thirty-five percent (35%) of the city's total 8 population was established. The only male age group which outnumbered its female I group counterpart was the zero to four (0-4) group. I
12 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
-Race Of the total Titusville City population of seven thousand three hundred thirty-one (7,331) persons, a minority percentage of only 0.68% was present in the 1970 Census year. The total breakdown by race for the city was seven thousand two hundred eighty-one (7,281) whites , thirty-four (34) blacks , one (1) indian, eight (8) other specified races, and seven (7) reported "other race". A small decl ine of the predominant minority, i .e. , blacks has been experienced over the past twenty (20) years as there were forty-six (46) blacks in 1950 and thirty-seven (37) in 1960, as compared to thirty (34) blacks in 1970.
Marital Status/Family Relationship The following chart indicates what the marital status of all persons fourteen (14) and older in the city was:
TABLE # 6 MARITAL STATUS 14 YEARS OLD AND OVER
Total Negro* Male Female Femal e Now Marr i ed 1,547 1,568 4 4 Widowed 107 581 0 6 Divorced 73 100 0 1 Separated 27 80 0 0 Never Married 710 715 2 4 SOURCE: U.S. Census - 1970 *Negro Race is terminology used by the U. S. Bureau of Census. The Negro Race is now commonly known as the "Black" race.
13 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
The following chart gives a breakdown of family relationship in the city:
TABLE # 7 RELATIONSHIP AND RACE
Total Negro I Family Head of Husband/Wife Household 1,514 4 Family Head - Other male head 59 0 1 Family Head with Female head 272 2 Wife of head of household 1,514 4 Other re1 a ti ve of head 3,042 19 I Male primary individual 153 0 Female primary individual 458 5 Nonrel ative of head 89 0 I Inmate of institution 21 0 Other in group quarters 209 0 I Fami.ly Size A continued decline in family size was experienced in Titusville in 1970. The total number of households in the City decreased by seventy-three (73) units I or 2.7% from the 1960-70 decade. -1950 1960 1970 i Number of Households* 2,949 2,689 2,616 Total Population 8,923 8,356 7,331 Persons/Househol d 3.02 3,lO 2.80 SOURCE: U.S. Census 1950, 1960, and 1970 I *Household is defined as a house, apartment, group of rooms, or a room con- stituted separate living quarters. 8 Education The level of education achievement has steadily risen within the City. I According to past decennial census counts, in the year 1950 the median (mid-point) 8 number of school years completed was 10.7 years, in the year 1960 this figure rose to 11.7 and the year 1970 registered 12.3 years of attainment. This statistic i is based upon that portion of the Titusville population that is 25 years and older.
-.14 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
The following table provides the 1970 U.S. Census results for Titusville City in comparison with nearby communities of similar city status and Crawford and Venango Counties. As can be observed, the educational level of achievement
ofTitusville is slightly above its Venango County neighbors and the overall Crawford County total.
TABLE # 8 EDUCATION 1970
Crawford Venango Crawford County Ti tusvi 11e Meadvi 11e County Fran kl in Oi 1 Ci ty M F Total persons 25 years & older 44,590 4,102 9,343 35,509 5,098 8,372 21,009 23,51 No school yrs. completed 227 10 44 2,546 46 79 134 I Elementary 1-4 496 30 157 408 64 83 236 21 5- 7 2,470 244 487 2,101 351 536 1,379 l,O! 8 6,910 551 1,231 5,756 81 0 1,248 3,616 3,2! High School 1-3 9,078 7 27 1,597 6,588 905 1,721 4,263 4,8' 4 18,357 1,830 3,652 13,971 1,893 3,570 7,974 10,3E College 1-3 3,875 383 1,094 2,187 460 554 1,613 2,Zt 4 3,177 327 1,081 1,952 569 581 1,794 5,3€ Median Completed 12.1 12.3 12.3 11.7 12.2 12.1 12.1 12.
% of High School Graduated 59.5 53.5
Source: U.S. Census of Population
15 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALY S € S
POPULATION PROJECTION 8 In order to prepare a Development Plan which will meet future needs of the various land use types, a prediction of future population must be determined. t Population predictions are at best an estimate of future population based on past and current factors and modified by anticipated impacts. Any variable factor which t may change in the future can significantly affect the prediction.
Various population projections have been prepared for Titusville in previous
plans and reports. These include the 1967 Titusville Comprehensive Plan, the 8 1978-79 Titusville Housinq Market Analysis, the Pennsylvania Department of I Environmental Resources Population Projections, and the 1972 Oil Creek Valley Region Comprehensive Plan. Other sources of population estimates compared included I the United States Bureau of Census and a linear regression calculation made by the author. The following table is a compilation of the various projections and 8 estimates. 1 TABLE # ? POPULATION PROJECTIONS CITY OF TITUSVILLE
-1980 -1990 1967 Ti tusvi 11 e Comprehensive 10,620 11,720 N/A P1an 8 1978-79 Ti tusvill e Low 6,583 5,861 4,454 Housing Market Medium 7 ,145 7,033 6 ,746 Analysis Hiqh 7 ,805 8,408 8 ,848 i PA D.E.R. 7 ,274 7 ,267 7,257 I 1972 Oil Creek Valley Region Comp. Plan 7 ,586 7,836 8,121 U.S. Bur. of Census 6,811 WA N/A Linear Regression Method 7,795 7 ,674 7 ,569
16 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
The 1967 Titusville Comprehensive Plan assumed that future population was contingent upon the continued growth of the region and the availability of suburban developable land within the region. Specific assumptions were that new home construction would gain at approximately twenty (20) to .thirty (30) households per year, the 1967 housing supply would not decrease, and improved economic condi ti ons and i ndus tri a1 expansi on woul d take pl ace.
The 1978-79 Titusville Housing Market Analysis used a computer population projection model, which was a modified mathematical extrapolation type of projection procedure. This model uses five (5) variables which are: (1) the base for starting population, (2) the number of births, (3) the number of deaths, (4) the number of in-migrants, and (5) the number of out-migrants. The variable change to determine the high projection was a net annual migration of zero (0) where in-migration and out-migration was balanced. The medium projection was deter- mined by using a net annual out-migration of sixty-four (64), and the low pro.iection assumed a net annual out-migration of one hundred eighteen (118). These rates are based on various national rates applicable to areas such as the Titusville Area.
The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources population projections where prepared by the department for the City of Titusville through modifying the PA Office of State Planning and Development'§ pcpulation projections.
The 1972 Oil Creek Valley Reqion Comprehensive Plan utilized the cohort survival method of projection and assumed a decreased birth rate and no out-migration. This projection is the same as the high projection contained in the 1967 Titusville Cornprehen,sive Plan, with the exception of the year 1990.
17 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
The U. S. Bureau of Census has prepared a preliminary census for the City of Titusville through the use of actual counts. While there is some question about the accuracy of this count, it is probably the best estimate of current population which is currently available.
Where population trends are found to be cyclical, it is often advantageous to use the linear regression method of projection which is strictly a mathematical calculation. The author has prepared this projection and included it in the previous table for comparison.
Subsequent to review of the population projections contained in the chart and the method by which each prediction was made, it is reasonable to assume that the most probable predictions are contained in the 1978-79 Titusville
Housing Market Analysis. As previouslydiscussed, these predictions have taken into account net annual migration at various rates. Review of the detailed computer printouts for this model also reveal projections at various fertility rates, which range from 2.7 which was prevalent during the 60's to 1.7 which is a level considered nearly zero (0) population growth. The current rate in most areas of the United States during 1978 was approximately 2.1. The low to medium population predictions as presented in the 1978-79 Titusville Housing Market Analysis appear to be relatively close to the current preliminary estimate by the U.S. Bureau of Census for 1980. This is particularly true when an analysis is made of the current housing units within Titusville and d' factor of 2.85 persons per household is applied. While the projections contained in that low-to-medium range for 1990 and the year 2000 may be reasonable based on current conditions, it is possible that future developments such as industrial locations and improved access may balance the in-migration and out-migration to reach anannwl net migration of zero
18 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
and that a near zero (0) population growth could be expected. It has been deter- mined that the most favorable population predictions to be used for planning purposes are the ones prepared under the computer population projection model
which assumes a net annual migration of zero (0) and a fertility rate of 1.7. Th S model is being presented for the years 1995 through 2000 assuming that the prior fifteen year period (1980-1994) would be needed to realize the impact of current endeavors to attract industry and stabilizethe local economy. This is also true with the efforts currently undertaken and future efforts at the national level to stabilizethe economy of the United States in general. The population projec- tions from 1980 to 1985 have assumed no increase, but rather, a stabilizing period for migration. For the ten year period from 1985 to 1995 it has been assumed that if migration is stabilized and housing replacement is evident that Titusville could return to the 1970 population of 7,331. Projections from the period 1995-2000 have been projected using the computer prjntout model with a base population of 7,331, net migration of zero (0), and an annual fertility rate of 1.7. Should out-migration and in-migration not balance by the year 1985, then the predictions for the years 1985 through 2000 as presented would be higher than 1 the actual population. For planning purposes in a locating land use areas and facilities, the higher predictions should be used n order to meet the demands of ~ I growth under the best conditions. I I TABLE # 10 TITUSVILLE PLANNING PERIOD POPULATION PROJECTIONS 8 Year Population 1985 - 6,811 I 1990 - 7,071 I 1995 - 7,331 2000 - 7,556 I 19 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 8 8 In order to calculate certain land use requir-ments as they relate to the needs of the Titusville area, some effort must be made to project the area's 1 population. For the purposes of planning for the Titusvil le area,which 'includes 1 the Oil Creek Valley Region, the following predictions have been extracted from the Oil Creek Valley Reqion Comprehensive Plan and are presented as reasonable 8 regional predictions.
TABLE # 11 OIL CREEK VALLEY REGION PLANNING I PERIOD POPULATION PROJECTIONS 8 1980 - 14,339 1990 - 15,537 2000 - 16,856 I
NOTE: The Oil Creek Valley Region is comprised of Hydetown Borough, Oil Creek I Township - Crawford County, City of Titusville, Cherry Tree Tcwnship, Oil Creek Township - Venango County, and Pleasantville Borough.
20 Land Use L4ND USE
INTRODUCTION 21 TOPOGRAPHY 21 so1 LS 22 FLOODPLAINS AND WETLANDS 23 DRAINAGE 24 EXISTING LAND USE 24 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
LAND USE
INTRODUCTION The Land Use Element for the City of Titusville has taken into consideration a1 1 the essential physical considerations. These considerations include: topography, soils, flood hazard areas, wetlands, and existing land use. This element provides the essential data to determine future land use schemes based upon the availability of developable land and the best and highest use for that land. Consideration must be given to future growth to the planning year 2000. Subsequent to the discussion of the various physical considerations, land area requirements are presented. The land area requirements are based upon generally accepted planning criteria* and the proposed population to the planning year 2000.
TOPOGRAPHY The Slope Map for the City of Titusville considers three (3) categories of topography. These categories consist of topography with a 0 to 8% slope, an 8% to 25% slope, and slopes of 25% and over. These three (3) categories were chosen for various reasons. The 0 to 8% slope areas generally provide limited topographic constraints to the developer. The 8% to 25% areas can be developed in most cases dependent upon engineering design and proper building practice. Generally topography with 25% and over slopescannot be used for building.
As shown on the Slope Map, the northern and southern portions of the City contain the areas of steep slopes (8%and over). Much of the steep slope area is comprised of the 8% to 25% slopes, which in many instances, can provide
*Koppelman & Dechiara: Urban Planning and Design Criteria
21 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE I 1 buildable sites. These steep sl pe areas nerall cl imax d by bi ildabl plateaus in the extreme north and extreme south of the city boundaries. 1 The steep slope areas to the north and south of the City provide for the 8 Oil Creek Valley which intersects the City from east to west. Other minor valleys consist of Trout Run in the south-central portion of the city, Church Run in 1 the northwestern portion of the City, and Pine Creek in the southeastern portion of the City. In some cases, steep slopes over 25% exist immediately adjacent to the previously mentioned streams in the form of steep stream.bank areas. From a topographic standpoint, it would appear that approximately seventy-five percent (75%) or more of the City is developable based upon topographic constraints. so1 LS The Soil Suitability Map considers two (2) types of soil groupings: those soils which are suitable for all buildingsand those soils which are suitable for service buildings and dwellings without basements. The normal criteria of suit- able soils for on-lot sewage disposal has not been considered since the develop- able and developed areas of the City of Titusville are either served by existing public sewers or can be served, dependent upon future needs. As shown on the Soil Suitability Map, much of the City is suitable for all types of building construction from a soil standpoint. A few small scattered areas in the northern and southern portions of the City exist which are suitable for service buildings and dwellings without basements. The remainder of the soils are not suitable for development. These are primarily the soils along the streams and the soils which comprise the steep slope areas.
22
1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE I The data contained on the Soil Suitability Map generalizes areas for the I suitabil ty of development. Due to the sizable amount of existing developed I areas within the City of Titusville and for the remaining developable area, it is important that implementation plans for future development be site specific 1 in terms of soil borings or tests to determine actual suitability for develop- ment. Such site specific tests may indicate the additional availability of 1 developable land from a soil suitability standpoint. From the generalized map, 1 it would appear that approximately seventy-five percent (75%) or more of the soils within the City of Titusville are suitable for development. 1 FLOODPLAINS AND WETLANDS I The Floodplain Map shows three (3) categories of flood frequency. The first is the area of minimal flooding, the second is the area of floodplain I for five-hundred year flooding, and the third is the floodplain for the one- I hundred year storm. Much of the floodplain as mapped is within the hundred- year storm with far fewer areas wi thin the five-hundred year storm floodplain. I The floodplain is generally located along Oil Creek, Church Run, and Pine Creek I with minor areas of flooding along Trout Run. The information for the Floodplain Map was obtained from maps prepared under I the Federal Flood Insurance Program for the City of Titusville. As a general rule, I building and construction activities should not be undertaken within the one hundred and f i ve hundred year storm f 1oodpl ai ns . Of ten times , more detai 1 ed I studies are taken to determine floodway and flood fringe areas. Under this type of delineation, all building and construction activities are restricted in the I floodway and certain floodproof structures are permitted within the flood fringe I areas. Based upon the information obtained for the City of Titusville in I 23 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE I I determining the floodplain areas, it is recommended that the mapped,one hundred year floodplain areas be considered as undevelopable unless future flood pre- I vention control measures are undertaken, such as the flood control dam proposed 1 by the Soil Conservation Service in 1977. I DRAINAGE The City of Titusville is part of the Oil Creek Watershed. This watershed I serves as the City's surface water collector and traverses the City in an easternly direction. The Oil Creek Watershed drains into the Allegheny River I Basin, which finds its way to the Mississippi River and ultimately to the Gulf I of Mexico.
EXISTING LAND USE I The Existing Land Use Map for the City of Titusville was prepared by updating I the 1977 survey with field work undertaken by the Redevelopment Authority and the City Planning Commission during the summer and fall of 1980. The existing I l.and use within the City was categorized under one of the following nine (9) land use categories: I 1. General Business 2. Professional I 3. Residential (two or three family) 4. Residential (four or more family) 5. Residential (single family) 1 6. Publ ic and semi-publ ic 7. Parks 8. Publ ic Uti1 ity 9. Industry I As shown on the Existing Land Use Map,when compared to the other previously I discussed physical considerations, the vast majority of developable land within the City is currently developed. With the exception of the industrial park in I 24 I
1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE 1 - .- I the northwestern portion of the City most of the commercial and industrial uses intersect the City on an east/west axis, thus, dividing residentially developed u areas in the northern portion of the City from the residential developmerd in the southern portion of the City. It is important to point out that much of the I commercial development in the southeastern portion of the existing commercial area I has been located due to recent redevelopment activities and has had the effect of providing a slight shift in commercial activity. This shift is characterized I by a more intense commercial area which is found in the Drake Mall with the provision of central parking areas rather than street front shopping areas. The I Existing Land Use Map shows several important characteristics which are currently I taking p ace with n the City of Titusville. Professional uses are locating out- side the existing CBParea, and generally in the older residential areas of the I City. Mu1 ti-family developments of two fami ies or more are also penetrating the older single family residential areas of the City. Consideration should be I given to determine whether these uses should continue to scatter throughout the I City or if they should be restricted to certain areas of the City. The public and semi-public uses and the park areas are generally scattered throughout the 1 City, while public utilities are generally confined to the southeastern and I northeastern portions of the City with few other scattered locations. Since the City of Titusville is an older community consisting of little I developable undevel oped and, certain land use patterns exist and any signif cant I change in these patterns is probably not feasible. The proposed Development P1 an should then consider those land use patterns which are currently in transition, such as the professional uses, to determine the extent to which such development 1 .- . . .- . . . .-. .. .-- . . .. - ...... _. -...... - ... . . I. ._ - . .. .- - - . ..
*CBD - Central Business District
25 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I LAND USE I .. .- ...- ...... __ - .. . -- -. should encroach upon other land use areas. Consideration should also be given I to solidifying the Titusville CBD as a regional shopping district as well as providing for the future growth of industry and the Pittsburgh University Campus. 4 The following chart is provided as a guide for future land area requirement I by use for the City of Titusville to the planning year 2000. These land area requirements have been determined by using currently acceptable planning standards I as well as modifying them by existing trends and future known deficiencies. I
TABLE # 12 MINIMUM LAND AREA REQUIREMENTS BY USE I
Existing P1 anni ng Year Land Use Types Planning Standards Acres In Use Area (acres) I General Business Use existing 63 acres 75 acres factor1 I Professional Use ex sting 11 acres 13 acres factorI Residential -2/3 family 16 fami 1 i es/acre 41 acres 42 acres I Residential-4 or more family 50 families/acre 25 acres 32 acres Resi denti a1 -Si ngl e fami 1y 2 families/acre 360 acres 377 acres I Pub1 ic & Semi-publ ic Consider existing 70 acres 76 acres area & deficiencies 1 Parks 8.5 acres/1,000, 67 acres 64 acres persons served3 Public Utility N/ A 11 acres N/A I Industry 12 acres/1,000 63 acres 143 acres persons served2 1 I 'Assume region as service area. 2Calculate using regional population projection and Titusvil le employment factor 3Playgrounds - 1.5, neighborhood parks - 2.0, playfields - 1.5, 1 community parks - 3.5 4University, Municipal Building, etc. 1 26 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE
TABLE # 13 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND AREA REQUIREMENTS BY USE
I COMMERCIAL: 1 acre/l ,000 persons served (modify by existing factor)’
INDUSTRIAL : 12 acres/l ,000 persons served2
RECREATIONAL : 8.5 acres/l ,000 persons served3
PUBLIC & SEMI-PUBLIC: Use existing factor + known existing deficiencies. 4
RES I DENTIAL : Provide densi ty options.
Assume region as service area. Calculate at 50 yr. projection using regional population. Playgrounds: 1.5, neighborhood parks: 2.0, playfields: 1.5, communi ty parks : 3.5. 4 University, Municipal Building, Parking (check others such as hospital ). 5 Calculate remaining area using appropriate densities; give options.
27
Economic , Analysis ECOMOME CS
INTRODUCTION 28
ECONOMIC CLIMATE 30 BASIC SECTOR ACTIVITIES - MANUFACTURING TRENDS 31 NON-BASIC SECTOR 41
RETAIL TRADE 41
SERVICES/WHOLESALE 43
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION CAPABILITIES 44
INCOME AND UNEMPLOYMENT 46
CITY FISCAL ANALYSIS 50
INTRODU CTI ON 50 GENERAL FUND REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES 51 Revenues 53
Expenditures 63
INDEBTEDNESS AND BORROWING CAPACITY 68
Indebtedness 68
Borrowing Capaci ty 70 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION This section of the Comprehensive Plan presents an analysis of the economic structure of the City of Titusville. Through identifying the strengths as well as limitations of the City's economic base, this analysis can be a helpful planning tool for City officials to utilize in shaping future decisions and investments having direct economic influence.
While the City of Titusville, proper, will be the primary core of analysis, regional considerations will also be brought into play within this section as the City's economic ties do not end at its corporate limits. Titusville is a part of the Oil City/Franklin Industrial and Retail Trade Area. All three cities along 'with several interior and adjacent townships and boroughs form a common, and in some respects, an "interdependent" economic belt. Due to this commonality and interplay, the Pennsylvania Bureau of Employment Security (BES) has designated the region as a Labor Market Area.*
Under this status, the Ti tusvil le/Oi 1 Ci ty/Frankl in Area is provided with regular statistical reports.by the BES. This is the best available information for employment statistics; and while those statistics are not presented for the City, it is reasonable to assume that they are representative of the City, due to the regional interdependence. In addition to the Labor Market Area statistical reports of BES, this section will also build its analysis upon information
*The Oil City/Franklin/Titusville Labor Market Area includes all of Forest and Venango Counties and the eastern portion of Crawford County.
28 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
assembled by the U. S. Bureau of Census, Pennsylvania Department of Commerce, and appropriate local sources. Economic Basic Sector Activities as well as Non-Basic Sector Activities will be reviewed for the past several years. For purposes of comparison, the Meadville and Crawford County statistics are used primari ly because Meadvi 1 le and Ti tusvi lle are both within Crawford County but are not particularly interdependent and certain clear contrasts can be shown . Basic Sector Activities are sources of dollars that come from outside
the region. For practical reasons, it is usually defined as agricultural, mining, and manufacturing industries as well as political, institutional , or resort facilities and operations. These particular activities are referred to as the Basic Sector because they are the foundation of the local economy; they have the unique ability to draw money from outside the geographic and economic region into their region. The wages and salaries earned in the Basic Sector are spent by the employees and circulate within the local economy generating other jobs.
The Commercial Sector of the local economy, which often is considered the Non-Basic Sector, grows through its ability to provide goods and services to Basic Sector and Non-Basic Sector workers. The Commercial Sector is generally defined as retail trade, wholesale trade, and selected services. Workers in the Commercial Sector receive their wages,and in turn use these wages to purchase goods and services from the Commercial Sector. Consequently, they are creating jobs for themselves. This process is referred to as the "multiplier process".
. -- - . - -. .------*The Oil Creek Valley Region includes Titusville City, Hydetown Borough, and Oil Creek in Crawford County, and Pleasantville Borough and Cherry Tree Township, and Oil Creek Township in Venango County.
29 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVEPLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
In the Titusville Area which is also known as the Oil Creek Valley Region*, there are thirty-eight (38) industries with approximately 2,400 employees as per a January, 1980 inventory for a recent report entitled Industrial Prospectus of the Oil Creek Valley Reqion. (See Appendix for listing of industries.)
The s-even (7) largest employers are: Manufacturing 1980 Employment Uni versa1 Cyclops Speci a1 ty 900 employees GTE Sylvania 213 employees Quaker State Oil Refining Company 147 employees Queen Cut1 ery Company 125 employees Grand Val 1ey Manufacturing 100 employees Resort/Recreation Cross Creek Motor Resort 112 employees (seasonal ) Commerci a1 Penn Bank 157 employees
The 1970 U. S. Bureau of the Census indicated that 40.17% of the total 2,648 Titusville residents that were employed had their positions in the area's manu- facturing industries. As there has been no significant change within the employ- ment market within the Titusville Area and the population has remained fairly stable for the 1970-80 decade, it is estimated that approximately forty to forty- five percent (40%-45%)of the current total employment is still constituted by the manufacturing industry. E During the past decade the Titusville Area manufacturing industry did reduce the size of its total employment due to a decline in the large primary metals 8 industry. However, recently the number of smal 1-to-medium sized manufacturers in the area is increasing and greater industrial diversity is occurring which is E offsetting the previous employment losses.
P 30 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
As the following table illustrates, the City of Titusville lost one industry in the period between 1973 and 1978, but the resulting loss in employment was a lower percentage than the County as a whole and the City of Meadville.
--TABLE # 14 CHANGE IN EMPLOYEES 1973 - 1978 SELECTED CRAWFORD COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES
Number of Number of Establ i shments Employees Municipal i ty 1973 1978 % change 1973 1978 % change City of Ti tusvil le 15 14 - 7% 1,466 1,405 - 4% t City of Meadvi 11 e 28 40 +43% 4,171 3,875 - 7% B Crawford County 158 175 +25% 10,762 10,192 - 5%
SOURCE: Pennsylvania Industrial Census, Series Release No. M-5-78. 1 Non-manufacturing employment in the area of the recreation industry and 8 forestry are maintaining a steady rate of growth. While the number of full-time farmers is gradually decreasing in the Oil Creek Valley, the area is I strong in its dairy-related production.
Finally, according to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the City of Titusville
in-1977 had an additional 260 persons employed in the retail , wholesale and service i industrial grouping. The following subsections will provide an industry by It industy breakdown of the Titusville Area.
BASIC SECTOR ACTIVITIES - MANUFACTURING TRENDS Manufacturing is the leading industry in the Titusville Area; and as the most important of the Basic Sector industries, manufacturing surpasses agriculture and resort/recreation in terms of employment and value of production.
31 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
. __ -. .-_ While the City of Titusville has only eight percent (8%)of the County's manufacturing enterpri 3e and fourteen percent (14%)of the County's employees who are employed in manufacturing, it makes a significant contribution to the overall economy of Crawford County in terms of value of production and related --___ - - __- -_ activities and the value added by manufacturing. In 1978 Titusville industries had the highest value of production and related activities with twenty-seven percent (27%) of the County' s total . Meadvi 11e fol 1owed Ti tusvill e with twenty- six percent (26%) of the County's total. In terms of value added by manufacturing (the difference between sales and the cost of materials and power purchased) Meadvi 11e contributed thirty-four percent (34%) of the County's total fol 1 owed by Titusvil le with twenty-one percent (21%) of the County's total. (See Table # 15)
32 COMPARATIVE STATISTICS FOR MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS FOR SELECTED CRAWFORD COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES (In Thousands of Dollars) 1978 Value of Capital Produc ti on Value Establish-. Expendi - Wages & & Related Added By men t s tures Employees , Salaries Activities Manu factu r i ng % of ' % of % of % of % of % of # County $ County # Count $ County '$ County $ County Municipality Total To ta Tota Z Total To ta 1 Total Ti tusvi 11e 14 8% 689 5% 1,405 14% 23,552 . 17% 160,967 27% 59,996 21%
Meadvi 1 1 e 40 23% 5,920 39% 3,875 38% 54,931 39% ' 156,380 26% 99,668 34%
Crawford Co. 175 100% 15,228 100% 10,192 100% 140,286 100% 596,987 100% 289,665 100%
SOURCE: PA Industrial Census, Series Release No. M-5-78. 4 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS In comparing the manufacturing activity of Titusville and the surrounding region from 1970-1978, Titusville makes a significant contribution to the economy 8 with only fourteen (14) manufacturing establishments. A1 though Titusville lost three (3) firms during this time, it has been able to provide a competitive 6 increase in wages and salaries and to provide the largest increases in value of c production and va ue added by product on. (See Table # 16) 8 P a d il. 0 8 d e
34 REGIONAL MANUFACTURING STATISTICS E=;? g 04 1970 - 1978 r z'c m om * 255 or d I- Estab- % Wages & % Value of % Value Added % Cn DVI Year 1 z - 1 ishments Change Salaries Change Production Change By Manufacturing Change r0PO 43 OW Titusville City 1970 17 $ 12,532 $ 57,365 $ 23,957 -m 160,876 (nrn 1978 14 - 18% 23 ,552 +88% +180 59,996 +150 rnI z m 79,529 54,094 n Meadville City 1970 28 28,941 e= 1978 40 +43% 54,931 +90% 154,979 + 95 99,668 + 84 rn -0 r Oil Creek Valley2 1970 31 15,452 73,266 33 ,162 D 1978 27 - 13% 27,439 +76% 192 ,223 +162 76,740 t131 z Crawford County 1970 158 76,800 273 ,234 147,202 1978 175 +ll% 140,286 +83% 592,071 +117 289,665 + 97 Venango County 1970 103 61,771 284,189 140,476 1978 98 - 5% 131,966 +114% 737,380 t159 274,662 +96
In thousands of dollars. The Oil Creek Valley Region is composed of Titusville City, Hydetown Borough and Oil Creek in Crawford County and Pleasantville Borough and Cherry Tree, and Oil Creek Townships in Venango County.
SOURCE: PA Industrial Census, PA Department of Commerce, 1970, 1978. .. . TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
A final healthy manufacturing statistic indicates that Titusville industry is keeping pace with its competitors and counterparts within the area in terms of making capital improvements. During the stated period an average of close to $800,000 a year was reinvested by Titusville industry so that it can remain com- petitive and functional in the future. The traditional largest source of employment has been the Universal Cyclops Steel Corporation. This particular company is categorized under the primary metals group and a glance at the following table will reveal that its employment, with exception’of a down year in 1976, has remained fairly stable. Cyclops employed 958 persons in 1978 and is considered a Specialty Steel Producer. The fabricated metals group offers the second highest concentration of employment within the City. The two key industries in the city that constitute the fabricated metals group are the Queen Cutlery Company and the Ernst Iron Works, employing 112 and 53 persons respectively in 1978. The primary metals group and the fabricated metals group accounted for eighty percent (80%) of the total 1,405 employment registered by Titusville industry at the close of 1978.
The following table numerically portrays the thirteen (13) year employment period between 1965 and 1978.
36 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 17 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES AND EMPLOYMENT
1965 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 Man. Man. Man. Man. Man. Man.
Industry Group Ind. Emp. Ind. Emp. , Ind. Emp. Ind. Emp. Ind. Emp. Ind. Emp.
Food and Kindred 3 37 2 34 2 42 2 35 2 34 2 33
Texti 1es 2 30 2 27 2 29 2 34 2 32 1 30
Lumber and Wood 1 5 2 14 2 15 2 15 2 17 2 20
Printing and Allied 1 39 1 30 1 31 1 38 1 38 1 38 Petroleum Refining 1 28 1 37 1 45 1 37 1 34 Primary Metals 1 1,013 2 1,209 1 1,027 1 990 1 798 1 958 Fa bricated Metals 2 272 2 107 2 102 1 145 2 168 2 165 Mach inery , except el ectrical 4 227 4 78 2 98 3 94 2 97 2 68 Plastic Products 1 4 1 42 18 2 27 3 64 2 59
TOTALS 15 1,627 17 1,531 15 1,399 15 1,423 16 1,286 14 1,405
SOURCES: PA Industrial Census Series/Release Numbers M-5-70, M-5-72, M-5-74, M-5-76, and M-5-80, Pennsylvania Department of Commerce.
37 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
During the year 1978, the fourteen (14) manufacturing industries of Titusville
paid out $23,552,000 to its 1,405 employees for an average manufacturing job wage/salary of $16,763. Compared to the City of Meadville's average wage paid of $14,176 per employee and the overall Crawford County average of $13,764 for the same base year (1978), Titusville's manufacturing employees are paid the highest wages in the county.
Another important factor to gauge the health and significance of a community's manufacturing industry is in the area of labor productivity. While it is difficult to measure real labor productivity, one method that has been used on a practical basis is the ratio of wages paid to value added by manufacturing. The accompanying chart entitled Manufacturing Financial Comparisons (1978) indicates that Titusville City manufacturing productivity is superior, in terms of comparison with the county, state, and overall country.
TABLE # 18 MANUFACTURING FINANCIAL COMPARISONS Value Added Average31 Rat i 03 Wages & by Man. Wage of Wages Employees Salaries Manufacturi ng Paid to Value
Titusville City1) 1,405 $ 23,552,000 $ 59,996,000 $16,763 $1/2.54 Meadvi 11e Cityl) 3,875 54,931,000 99,668,000 14 176 1/1.81 Crawford County1 10,192 140,286,000 289,665 ,000 13,764 1/2.06 Erie County1) 30,372 652,212,000 1,336,945,000 21,474 1/2.04 Venango Countyl) 7,886 131,966,000 274 ,662 ,000 16,734 1/2.08 Pennsyl vania2) 967,874 17 493,397 39,111,029 18,074 U2.23 r\ blllion bill ion United States4) 20,332,000 298.3 b ill ion Source: 1) PA Industrial Census Series - 1978 2) PA Statistical Abstract - 1978 3) Computations Based Upon Source Base Data 4) Survey of Current Business; U.S. Department of Commerce, June, 1980
38 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
An additional manufacturing employment base is established in communities adjacent to Titusville. The 1978 Industrial Census of the PA Department of c Commerce indicates that an additional 479 manufacturing positions are present in the Oil Creek Val 1 ey Region:
1978 1978 # Manufacturers # Employees Hydetown Borough, Crawford County 2 6 P1 easantvi 17 e Borough , Venango County 2 34 Oil Creek Township, Crawford County 5 135 Oil Creek Township, Venango County 3 303 Cherry Tree Township, Venango County -1 -1 TOTALS 13 479
SOURCE: 1978 PA Industrial Census
Manufacturing industries responsible for this added employment involve electronic components, lumber and wood products, fabr.icated metals and light machinery. The GTE Sylvania Corporation located in nearby Oil Creek Township, Venango County, is the largest employer of adjacent industry with 205 employees in 1978.
The future outlook for manufacturing in Titusville is quite optimistic. In addition to the present manufacturing base, a major private-pub1 ic cooperative effort is in the making which will provide substantial additional long-term employment and income to the city. Through theuse of the U.S.Departmen't of Housing and Urban Development/Urban Development Action Grant (UDAG) Program, which would be supplemented with low interest loans from the Pennsylvania Industrial 9evelop- ment Authority (PIDA) and the Pennsylvania Revenue Bond and Mortgage Program in addition to a large private investment by the Polish American Machinery Corporation
39 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
(POLAMCO), a major industrial revitalization project will be undertaken. Subject to funding, this major project will renovate a deteriorated and dilapidated industrial area formally owned and abandoned by the National Forge Company. The economic by-products of this project include immediate employment for approximately
112 members of Titusville's building trade; retention of 17 existing jobs; creation of 200-250 new jobs of which approximately eighty percent (80%)will be for low and moderate income people; and a substantial increase in the city's tax base.
Even in view of this coming industrial asset, the city should continue to focus its efforts upon the attraction of new industry. As was stated in the 1967 Comprehensive Plan, and such is even more true today, the city should not place too much reliance on a manufacturing base that is made up of a single large employer. A continuing re1 iance upon one major employer (Universal Cyclops) that is a part of an industrial group (primary metals) that is sensitive to cyclical fluctuations in the national economy puts the city in a dangerous position. Universal Cyclops, which generally employs about fifty percent (50%) of the city's total labor force has and will continue to adjust its employment with the highs and lows of the American economy. Therefore, industrial development efforts should be focused upon attracting a diversity of new industry. Manufactur ng industries in the food and kindred products group, the chemical and allied products as well as the rubber and plastic group, are less sensitive to the ups and downs of the overall American economy and these industries along with home grown or spin-off industry, are attractive candidates to consider.
40 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
NON-BASIC SECTOR Retail Trade Titusville provides central place,' retail trade functions for a market area of over 300 square miles. This trade area extends north into Warren and Erie Counties approximately to Youngsville, Corry, and Union City, south into Venango and Forest Counties to Coopertown and Tionesta; and includes the eastern third of Crawford County and the western third of Warren County. Close to 30,000 persons inhabited this trade area in 1980. The Retail Sales 1977 table indicates the most recently available retail trade data for Titusville, Meadville, and Crawford County. (See table on following page) t As can be observed from the table, a total of 150 retail establishments i within the city employed 831 persons during the year 1977. Overall, these retail establishments paid out $5,028,000 in wages to their employees during 1977, for an average of $6,021 per employee. While the retail industry generally pays less to its employees than does the manufacturing industry, it should be noted that the retail labor force contains a high amount of part-time workers and such has influenced the low average annual wage.
41 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 19 RETAIL SALES 1977 ($ in thousands)
Remainder Crawford Ti tusvi 11e Meadvi 1 1 e of County County Total No. of Establ i shments 150 2 93 399 84 2 Total Sales $47,467, GOO $97,442,000 $108 ,978,O"OO $253,887 ,000 Total Employers (3/77) 831 1,925 1,689 4,445 Total Payroll $ 5,028,000 $10,732,000 $ 10,467,000 $ 26,227,000 Building Materials, Hardware, Garden Supply & Mobile Home Dealers: Sales $ 2,339,000 $ 5,111,000 $ 12,045,000 $ 19,495,000 No. of Establishments 9 19 ' 30 58 General Merchant Group: Sal es 8 (D) $ 5,561,000 8 (D) $ 28,216,000 .No. of Establishments 5 6 14 25 Food : Sal es $10,476,000 $22 ,166 ,000 $ 21,807,000 $ 54,449,000 No. of Establishments 13 29 58 100 Automotive Dealers : Sal es $11,059 ,000 $22,270,000 $ 26,296,000 $ 59,625,000 No. of Establishments 16 21 48 85 Gasol i ne Service : Sales $ 3,956,000 $ 8,040,000 $ 9,604,000 $ 21,600,000 No. of Establishments 20 28 42 90 Apparel 81 Accessory Stores: Sales $ 1,709,000 $ 8,020,000 $ . 922,000 $ 10,651,000 No. of Establishments 18 28 11 57 Furniture, Home Furnishings & Equipment Stores: Sales $ 2,244,000 $ 3,781,000 $ 3,581,000 $ 9,606,000 No. of Establishments 8 19 24 51 Eating & Drinking Places: Sales $ 2,496,000 $11,021 ,000 $ 7,286,000 $ 20,803,000 No. of Establishments 21 63 76 160 Drug & Proprietary Places: Sales $ cDi $ 3,233,000 $ 3,540,000 4 iDj No. of Establishments 3 9 13 25 Miscellaneous Retail Store: Sales $ (D) $ 8,239,000 $ (D) No. of Establishments 37 71 83
NOTE: (D) = Withholding to avoid disclosure of individual companies. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1977 Census of Retail Trade.
42 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I ECONOMIC ,ANALYSIS
In terms of both employment and total sales, the retail group of Titusville constitutes approximately nineteen percent (19%) of the total Crawford County activity. The strongest retail groups in Titusville in terms of sales were the J food stores group and the automotive dealers group which together made up forty- eight percent (48%) of the total Titusville retail sales activi.ty. It obvious is 1\ that these two retail groups pull in customers from the entire Oil Creek Valley Region. 1
Retail trade in Titusville increased its total sales by well over one hundred 'I percent (100%) during the 1966-1977 period. The year 1977 witnessed a total retail 1 sales experience of $45,251,000 which was up $25,325,000 from the 1966 total sales figure of $19,926,000. While inflation alone has been the major contributor to a the retail sales increase, it should be noted that the Titusville retail economy is a very stable one due to the fact that is is grounded in basic "people needs'' c products which are necessities of modern day life. Services/Whol esal e: c An additional small , but important, aspect of the Titusville City economy is found in the area of business services and wholesale trade. According to the U.S. I! Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, there were thirty-four (34) service business establishments in Titusville during the year 1977 which employed 189 .1 persons in the hotel/motel , automotive repair and recreational and professional services. The thirty-four (34) establishments had a payroll of $1,241,000 and sr registered $4,489,000 in receipts. t
Finally, according ta the 1977 Census of Wholesale Trade report issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of the Census, there were twenty (20) 8 43 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS wholesale establishments located in Titusville that employed 169 persons with an annual payroll of $1,789,000. A total sale amount of $96,138,000 was recorded for 1977 and this constituted about fifty percent (50%) of the total Crawford County figure of $190,608,000. Two manufacturing sales offices and eighteen (18) merchant wholesalers made up the total Titusville wholesale group.
Employment Generation Capabilities
The City of Titusville is an employment generator because it is able to provide employment opportunities for both city and non-city residents. Of the 6,079 employees in the Titusville Area in all forms of employment in 1979, seventy- one percent (71%) or 4,319wereemployed within the City limits; and of the employees employed within the City limits, over half or 53.6% reside outside the City and commute into Titusville for their work. To further illustrate the ability of the City of Titusville to provide employment, the 1979 occupational privilege tax forms show that, of the 2,439 employees residing in the City, only eighteen percent of them travel outside the City for employment while of the 1,760 employees residing outside the City but in the Titusville Area, sixty-four percent (64%) find employment within the City limits. The net difference of non-city residents migrating inside for employment over City residents migrating outside is 1,880 persons or a four hundred thirty percent (430%) greater incidence of in-migration. (See Table # 20)
44 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 20 RESIDENT/NON-RESIDENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS FOR ALL EMPLOYERS CITY OF TITUSVILLE, CRAWFORD COUNTY 1979
Percent of Empl oyer' s Empl oyee' s Number of Empl oyer Percent of Total Location Residence Empl oyees Loca t i on Employees Within Ti tusvil 1 e City Limits
Within City 2,002 ' 46.4% 32.9% Outside City 2,317 -53.6% 38.1% Total 4,319 100.0% 71.0% Outside Titusville City Limits Within City 437 24.8% 7.2% Outside City 1,323 75.2% 21.8% Total 1,760 100.0% 29.0%
Grand Total 6,079 100.0%
45 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS i INCOME AND UNEMPLOYMENT The economic vitality of a municipality is usually measured by the unemployment I rate and the incomes of those residing in the community. These statistics are 8 meaningful when compared with the income indicators of surrounding areas. The 1 following table provides the information necessary for such a comparison: TABLE # 21 FIVE YEAR INCOME COMPARISON t TITUSVILLE AREA AND CRAWFORD COUNTY Titusville City Oil Creek Twp. Hydetown Boro. brawford ,,a. s 1970 Family Mean $ 9,071 $ 8,471 $ 8,449 $ 9,323 1975 Family Mean* $13,833 $12,859 $12 ,133 $13,173 1969 Per Capita $ 2,735 $ 2,394 $ 2,524 $ 2,637 I 1975 Per Capita $ 4,172 $ 3,633 $ 3,625 $ 3,920 % Increase Per Capita 52.5% 51.8% 43.6% 48.7% 1970 Total Mean $ 7,180 $ 7,740 $ 8,068 $ 7,580 i 1975 Total Mean* $10,950 $11,749 $11,586 $10,711 1970 Population 7,331 1,743 725 81,342 1975 Population 6,742 1,868 749 85 ,357 3 *1975 Family Mean Income and Total Mean Income is a linear projection based on the percentage increase of per capita income. i *Total Mean Income is the average of all mean family incomes and all unrelated individual mean incomes. 1 SOURCE: U.5. Census - 1970; 1977 "Population Estimates and Projections" Series P-25, No. 686 and Computations.
,a Titusville's mean (or average) family income, per capita income (derived from dividing the total income of a community by its total population), as well as its percentage of increase in per capita itxome surpassed all adjacent Crawford County communities as well as the county as a whole during the 1969-1975 period. Once again, as stated within the Economic Analysis, this is a healthy sign and it is indicative of the higher wages and salaries paid by local industry.
46 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Family income has shown a significant increase between 1960 and 1970. As indicated by the following table, there has been a general upsurge of income level within the $10,000 and over level. The 1970 Census revealed that the over $10,000 group (734 families) was constituted with 507 families in the $10,000-$14,999 category, 194 families in the $15,000-$24,999 category, and 33 in the $25,000 plus category. Roughly twenty-six percent (26%) of all families and unrelated individuals had incomes above $10,000 per annum in 1970.
TABLE # 22 TITUSVI LLE FAMILY INCOME 1950-1970 Change Fami 1y I ncome 1950 -1960 -1970 1960-70 Under $1, 000 745 92 $1,000-1 ,999 340 144 562 326 2,000-2,999 785 175 216 41 3,000-3,999 645 184 213 29 4,000-4,999 230 257 143 -114 5,000-5,999 110 292 167 -125 6,000-6 ,999 45 271 195 - 76 7 ,000-9,999 50 458 559 101 10,000-over 65 273 734 46 1 SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population, 1950, 1960, & 1970.
It is important to note that in 1970, 9.60 percent of Titusville's families fell under the Federal ly-accepted 1 eve1 of poverty. Such famil ies were el igibl e for federal assistance under a number of grant and loan programs geared at human services and needs.
The Titusville Area is part of the Oil City (Venango County) Labor Market. Unemployment rates for this Labor Market have consistently averaged higher than both the state and national levels. Due to the nature of the economy of this labor market, it is expected that this trend will continue. (See Table # 23)
47 'I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 23 UNEMPLOYMENT RATES OIL CITY-FRANKLIN-TITUSVILLE LABOR MARKET AREA (LMA) 1979 - 1980
-LMA -State Nation Feb - April 1979 6.8% 6.2% 5.7% April - June 1979 7.5% 7.2% 6.0% June - Aug 1979 6.9% 7.0% 5.9% Aug - Oct 1979 8.4% 7.9% 5.6% Oct - Dec 1979 7.1% 6.6% 5.6% Dec 1979 - Feb 1980 8.9% 7.8% 6.8% Feb - April 1980 7.5% 7.3% 6.6% April - June 1980 7.9% 8.0% 7.8% June - Aug 1980 8.4% a. 1% 7.5% 1980 7.2% 7.7% 7.1% Aug - OCt _L - - 2 year average 7.7% 7.4% 6.5%
SOURCE: PA Bureau of Employment Statistics
- -- I__ __.- - -__ . - - . __ - The unemployment fluctuations are due primarily to unemployment in durable goods industries in the Oil City-Franklin-Titusville Labor Market Area. These industries are closely tied to the economy and as the economy goes up or down, the durable goods industries respond accordingly. When the economy is down, as is the current situation, employment in thdurable goods industry declines.
It is of value to note that within the Northwest Pennsylvania Regional Planning & Development Commission area, the Oil City-Franklin-Titusville Labor Market Area has made significant improvements in its unemployment rate over the past year as compared to other labor markets in the region. (See Table #24 )
48 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 24 UNEMPLOYMENT RATES 1979 - 1980 LABOR MARKETS IN THE REGION
Labor Market Area Nov. Oct. Nov. with Description of Area 1980 1980 1979 Bradford (McKean County) 8.2% 8.1% 6.1% Clarion (Clarion County) 7.9% 8.2% 8.1% Erie (Erie County) 9.3% 9.4% 7.5%
Meadvil le (80% of Crawford Co. ) 9.6% 9.9% 7.6%
New Cast1 e (Lawrence County) 10.6% 11.3% 7.8%
Oi1 City- Fran kl i n-Ti tusvi 1 1e (Forest, Venango, & 20% of Crawford County) 7.3% 7.2% 7.8% Sharon-Farrell (Mercer County) 7.7% 8.0% 6.8% Warren (Warren County) 6.4% 6.2% 6.2%
~- PENNSYLVANIA 7.5% 7.7% 6.9%
UNITED STATES 7.1% 7.1% 5.6%
~ ~~ ~~ SOURCE: PA Bureau of Employment Statistics
It would appear that the Oil City-Franklin-Titusville Labor Market Area may be offsetting dependencies on industries which normally create higher unempl oyment rates during wi nter slowdowns.
49 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
CITY FISCAL ANALYSIS Introduction
A review of the current and prospective financial situation of a community is necessary n order to be able to realistically implement plan recommendations which necessitate the expenditure of public funds. Such expenditures may be for property, facilities and services which are needed to accommodate the needs and demands of the community's residents, industries and businesses.
This section will review expenditures and income of the City of Titusvi'lle over a five (5) year period. The two most important aspects of local govern- mental finances and expenditures are the cost of conducting the business of local government while income represents the total of revenues from all sources that make local governmental services possible. This review should provide insight into the current financial condition of the community, and indicate what financial resources the community might expect to have available for continued or expanded governmental operations or a program of community improvements as well as provide a basis for a long-range capital improvements program.
Although the following is confined to the local government of Titusville, it is recognized that the programs of other taxing bodies, such as the County and the school district, have an additional impact on the total financial re- quirements of the community. Consequently the taxing and spending activities of these public bodies as well as the local tax burden of the state and federal governments should be reflected in the local governments' planning and budgeting for community services and improvements.
50 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS I t The following discussion will also focus on the City's General Fund, as it is the single, most important fund associated with the daily operation of the t City's government and services. In addition to the General Fund, the City has 1 five (5) other funds which also receive and expend funds. These are the Water System Fund, the Sewer System Fund, the Street Special Funds, the Municipal 8 Airport Fund, the Watershed Fund-Regular Account , the Watershed Fund-F. H.A. Account, and the Revenue Sharing Fund. These funds, with the exception of the I Revenue Sharing Fund, the Watershed Fund-Regul ar Account , and the Watershed 0 Fund-F.H.A. Account, generate income through various user charges and are used for the operation and maintenance,and debt retirement of the facility for which
the fund was created. Revenue Sharing Funds are grant funds from the federal government which are required to be placed in aseparate account prior to trans-
ferring them to the General Fund for specific General Fund expenditures. The Watershed Fund is discussed later under municipal indebtedness. - General Fund Revenues and Expenditures
In the following table, beginning-year balances (unspent monies from the previous fiscal year) have been deleted from annual receipts, and year-end balances (unspent monies at close of the fiscal year that carry over to the next fiscal year) have been deleted from expenditures. These deletions make it possible to compare actual income for a given year with the actual spending for that year.
51 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
TABLE # 25 GENERAL FUND REVENUE/EXPENDITURE COMPARISONS 1975 - 1980 CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY Difference Revenues* Expenditures** in Percent 1975 $1,192,014 $1,298,790 -9.0% 1976 1,296,665 1 ,183 , 484 +9.5% 1977 1,315,635 1 ,285,904 +2.3% 1978 1,321,315 1 ,347,483 -2.0% 1979 1,443,246 1,411,346 +2.3% 1980 1,495,060 1 ,595,130 -6.7% *Excludes begi nning-year bal ance **Excludes year-end balances Source: 1975-1979 Annual Audits; 1980 Approved Budget
Over the past five (5) years the operating expenditures of the City of Titusville have increased twenty-three percent (23%), a slightly slower rate than the twenty-five percentage (25%) increase from revenues generated in an vidual year. A comparison of total expenditures per year to the total revenues received in a year excluding carry-over balances from previous years show ex- penditures greatly exceeded revenues in the General Fund in 1975. This was followed by a period of minimum expenditures in 1976 and 1977 in order to build up cash reserves. An increase in millage was also made in 1976 which generated additional revenues for 1977. In 1978, expenditures once again exceeded revenues.
The increasing costs of government were again offset by an increase in the millage in 1979 to 23 mills. Even with the latest increase, the 1980 approved budget projected expendi tures to be 6.7% greater than expected revenues.
52 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
This shows that Titusville relies heavily on cash reserves which have been built up in years of lower expenditures and will most likely continue to need to do so in order to keep increases in taxes at a minimal rate while the cost of providing basic municipal services increases.
Rev en ues
Total General Fund Revenues come from a variety of sources. A review of the annual audits for the past five (5) years (1975-1979) shows revenues for the operation of the City come from such sources as real estate taxes, local enabling taxes; licenses and permits; fines, forfeits and associated costs; interest and rents; grants and gifts; and various departmental earnings. The following table gives total receipts for these sources over the past five (5) years.
53 GENERAL FUND REVENUES 1975 - 1980 CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORO COUNTY
__ 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 8 % 8 % -.Ai.- % A % # -% # % Real Estate Tax $384,795 29.4 $381,647 29.2 $431,781 30.0 $449,724 30.5 $529,803 33.8 $568,080 34.4 Local Enabl ing Taxes 214,914 16.4 232,644 17.8 252,389 17.5 268,691 18.2 318,481 20.2 297,300 18.0 Licenses and Permits 3,737 0.3 4,091 0.3 3,867 0.3 4,37373 0.3 4,702 0.3 4,400 0.3 Fines, Forfeits and Costs 12,922 1.0 17,106 1.3 19,575 1.4 29,186 2.0 29,703 1.9 28,000 1.7 Vl P Interest and Rents 16,138 1.3 3,780 0.3 5,853 0.4 5,187 0.3 16,342 1.0 10,870 0.6 Grants and Gifts 75 ,758 5.8 130,508 10.0 102,021 7.1 81,940 5.6 77,745 5.0 40,760 2.5 Departmental Earnings 155,615 11.9 181,178 13.9 209,645 14.6 198,520 13.5 213,398 13.6 299,380 18.1 Miscel 1aneous 15,048 1.1 39,775 3.0 8,073 0.6 22,078 1.5 14,059 0.9 2 ,000 0.1 Transfers from other funds 313,087 23.9 305,936 23.4 282,431 19.6: 261,616 17.8 239,013 15.2 244,270 14.8 Subtotal 1,192,014 ,296,665 1,315,635 1,321,315 1,443,246 1,495,060 Carry-over from previous year . 116,931 8.9 10,155 0.8 122,737 8.5 152,467 10.3 126,299 8.1 157,530 9.5 Total revenue from all sources 1,308,945 LOO. 0 ,306,820 00.0 1,438,372 .oo. 0 1,473,782 100.0 1,569,545 !OO. 0 1,652,590 too. 0 SOURCE: 1975-1979 Annual Audits; 1980 Approved Budget TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 8 The greatest portion of General Fund Revenues come from taxes, both the Real Estate Tax and the various taxes authorized under Act 511. Departmental I earnings which include such revenue items as parking meter receipts, mini-bus I income, tree removal, fire protection, etc, constitute another important income source as well as transfers that are made into the General Fund from the other I municipal funds. These transfers, authorized by law, can be used for special fund related expenses incurred by general fund supported departments or for I additional financial support to general fund departments in their daily municipal . functions.
Two additionai item to be noted concerning the survey of revenues are: 1) the distribution of revenues varies little from year to year; and 2) each revenue source's contribution to the whole has remained fairly constant with the ex- ception of transfer from other funds which has decreased and departmental earnings which were expected to rise during 1980. Also it is important to note the increase in funds carried over from the previous year which allows municipal services to function until tax revenues become available without borrowing funds. The six-year period reviewed represents a thirty-nine percent (39%) increase in revenues from all sources for municipal operation.
Since taxes can be considered the most important source of income for Titusville, a brief description of the various local taxes levied is appropriate. Taxes are an important source of income in that unlike other sources such as grants and gifts, fines, departmental earnings, etc, they are annually recurring and therefore, dependable. Taxes can also be easily estimated for budgeting purposes with reasonable accuracy and they are a very productive source of local governmental f i nanci ng .
55 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS Tax revenues are generated through six sources: the Real Estate Tax, the t Per Capita Tax, the Earned Income Tax, the Business Privilege Tax, the Real 8 Estate Transfer Tax, and the Mechanical Device Tax. As Table # 27 shows, the relative proportion of contribution the various tax revenues have made over the I past ten years has changed very 1 ittl e. 1 8 I 1 I 8 8 1 8 1 I 1 11 1 56 TAX REVENUE GENERATION 1970 - 1979 CITY OF TITUSVILLE ru CRAWFORD COUNTY
~~ Rea 1 Estate Business Real Estate Mechanical (Mi 11age*) Earned Income Per Capita Pri vi1 ege Transfer Devi ces To ta1 Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % m Year Amount % _L z - v, 200 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS The largest and most important source of tax revenues for Titusville is the Real Estate Tax. Over the past ten years this tax alone has annually con- tributed approximately two-thirds (2/3) of the tax revenues. In order to maintain this contribution, however, the millage has been raised from fifteen (15) mills in 1970 to 26.5 mills in 1981 , which is a seventy-seven percent (77%) increase. The millage rate for the City of Titusville is based upon eighty percent (80%) of market value of all taxable Titusville property or a present total assessed valuation in 1980 of $13,364,900. Of the present total assessed valuation, approximately two-thirds (2/3) represents taxable property and the remaining are exemptions. The breakdown of property assessed valuations by ward for 1980 is as follows: Assessed Valuation Assessed Valuation 1980 1980 Active Properties Exempt Properties Ward 1 $1,661,650 $2,301,700 Ward 2 2,874 ,250 1,334,400 Ward 3 1,364 ,250 209,450 Ward 4 2 ,592 ,950 609,800 Ward 5 412 ,150 4 ,300 Total $8,905,250 $4,459,650 Exempt properties constitute such properties as those owned by schools, the County, the City hospitals, churches, etc. I: It is of particular interest to note that approximately one-third (1/3) of the assessed valuation of the City's properties is on tax exempt properties. The County Assessor's Office has just recently added the capabilities of keeping a record of the assessed valuation of tax exempt properties. Using their data from 1978-1980 the 1st Ward has made the greatest change in tax exempt status. This change is most likely due to the location of the University of Pittsburgh in the 1st Ward and its recent construction of a gymnasium complex. 58 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS TABLE # 28 ASSESSED VALUATIONS 1978 - 1980 CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY Taxa ble Non-Taxabl e (Acti ve ( Exempt -Year -Ward properties) Total -% properties) -Total -% 1978 1 $1,603,200 $1,696,550 2 2,812,650 1,310,250 3 1,329,650 207,400 4 2,504 ,65 0 640,150 5 411,450 4,300 $8 ,661,600 69% $3,858 ,650 31% 1979 1 $1 ,636,950 $2,301,700 2 2,853,350 1,334,400 3 1 ,355,800 209,450 4 2,562 ,950 609,800 5 411 ,900 4 ,300 $8 ,820,950 70% $4,490,050 30% 1980 I $1,661 ,650 $2,301,700 2 2,874,250 1,334,400 3 1,364,250 209,450 4 2 ,592 ,950 609,800 5 412,150 4,300 $8,905,250 67% $4,459,650 33% SOURCE: Crawford County Assessor's Office Although no municipality can realize one hundred percent (100%) of possible real estates taxes due to the various types of properties which are exempt by law, one-third (1/3) of revenue lost is very high. At the present millage rate and not accounting for delinquencies in collection, the tax revenues lost by the City from exempt properties in 1979 amounted to approximately $103,270. One way for a municipality to offset this kind of a tax loss is to negotiate for payments in lieu of taxes. Titusville received approximately $9,200 in payments in lieu 59 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS t of taxes from exempt property owners in 1979. The City should investigate this t situation and attempt to recover more of the lost revenue from its sizeable 8 exempt properties. 8 The assessed valuation will change from year to year as changes in property use occur, improvements are made to properties, and properties are added to or 8 deleted from active status. Over the period of 1970-1980, the assessed valuation of taxable properties has generally increased with the greatest increase coming 8 in 1978. 8 1970 - $7,648,500 1976 - $7,980,700 1971 - 8,038,900 1977 - 8,187,100 1972 - 7,839,200 1978 - 8,661,600 1 1973 - 7,769,350 1979 - 8,820,950 1974 - 7,829,600 1980 - 8,905,250 a 1975 - 7,844,300 The decrease in assessed valuations experienced by Titusville in 1972 and I 1973 coincide with the closing of the National Forge Company and the subsequent change il: value of its property. 8 . - __ The -Earned Income Tax or wage tax as it is often called, is levied on the 1 gross earned income of the residents of Titusville at the rate of one percent (1%). This tax is authorized by Pennsylvania Act 511 and sets a maximum rate of one 1 percent (1%)which means citizens are taxed one dollar ($1.00) for every one 1 hundred dollars ($100.00) of gross earned income. The local government and the local school district share the revenues generated by the tax on a equal I basis; thus, in the case of Titusville, the City received the earned income tax 8 I t 60 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 8 I revenues at the rate of 0.5% or fifty percent (50%) of total earned income tax generated. The tables in this section represent only the local governmental 8 share of the revenues, or one-half (1/2) of the earned income taxes Titusville residents are assessed on their incomes. All persons, regardless of income, pay the earned income tax. The earned income tax generates the second largest source of revenue's for the City. It is also the most rapidly growing tax for Titusville. Tax revenues in 1979 amounted to $209,935 which was a one hundred forty-one percent (141%) increase over the 1970 receipts of $87,165. Earned income receipts have risen, of course, as personal incomes have grown as well as due to an increase in the number of persons employed. Crucial to the generation of earned income tax dollars is the number of persons employed. A decline in the economy that results in substantial job layoff will be reflected in the wage tax receipts. This is clearly seen in the case of Titusville during 1973 when the earned income tax receipts dropped by ten percent (10.L). The decline in receipts can be attributed to the closing the National Forge Company and the subsequent loss of employment. In looking at the earned income tax receipts for the following years, it appears it took Titusville's economy a couple of years to recover from the loss of this industry. Under the Per Capita Tax, residents of Titusville who are eighteen (18) years and older are taxed ten dollars ($10.00) per person by the City of Titusville. Persons earning less than $267.00/month can file for an exoneration from paying the per capita tax. 61 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS Authorized under Pennsylvania Act 511, the per capita tax receipts will fluctuate as the taxable population changes. In 1970 this tax generated $38,435. By 1979 the per capita tax generated $37,720, a two percent (2%) decrease from 1970. This reduction in tax receipts could mean a reduction in the adult pop- ulation of Titusville, more delinquencies, exonerations, or eligible persons are escaping the tax collector. As the Per Capita Tax has been decreasing in its relative proportion of total tax revenues and is approaching four percent (4%) or less of total tax revenues, the Per Capita Tax could be considered a "nuisance tax". Nuisance taxes are those which generate four percent (4%) or less of the total tax revenues and the cost to collect in terms of time and effort greatly reduces the benefits to be derived from the revenues. It is a recommendation of this plan to investigate the reasons for the decreasing proportion of revenues being generated by the Per Capita Tax and to determine if changes can be made in a way the tax is levied to generate more revenue. The Business Privilege Tax is collected in accordance with Part 3, Article 335 (Consolidated Mercantile License and Business Privilege Tax) of the Codified Ordinances of the City of Titusville, 1970, as amended. The tax is collected on retail, trade, professional, etc. businesses at the rate of 1 mill of the previous year'sgross receipts and on wholesale business at the rate of 1/2 mill of the previous year's receipts. Industry is exempt. The second fastest growing source of tax revenue for T tusville, the Business Privilege Tax generated $23,592 in 1970 and $51,042 in 1979 for a one hundred sixteen percent (116%) increase in receipts. The tax collected, however, is not a good indicator of commercial and professional activity as proprietors are very 62 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 8 1 often delinquent and monies collected are credited to the year in which they are received, not to the year's receipts which they represent. 1 The current levy for Real Estate Transfer Tax is one percent (1%)on the 1 selling price of transferred properties. Another tax authorized by Pennsylvania Act 511, the Real Estate Transfer Tax's return since 1970 has ranged from a low 8 of $15,411 in 1970 to a high of $37,967 in 1973. The average annual return for 8 the past ten (10) years has been approximately $25,000. The receipts from this tax generally rise and fall from year to year as it is dependent upon the number I and sales value of real estate transactions that occur in each year. An increase in real estate values, naturally, will create an increase in receipts from the i Real Estate Transfer Tax. The 1% tax is divided evenly between the City and the I School District. 1 The Mechanical Devices Tax is a tax on juke boxes and other mechanical machines such as pinball machines. Juke boxes are taxed at a rate of $25.00/year 8 and all other mechanical devices which fall under this tax are taxed at $50.00/year. The Treasurer's office annually bills establishments the tax due. The receipts 8 from this tax are such a small portion of total tax receipts that it could 8 also be considered a "nuisance tax". t Expenditures I The various governmental activities administered under the General Fund and the annual costs of each have been itemized in the following table. 1 i I 63 8 GENERAL FUND EXPENDITURES 1975 - 1980 CITY OF TITUSVILLE - CRAWFORD COUNTY - - 1975 1976 ' 1977 1978 1979 1980 0 - $ %, 8 % $ % $ % 8 % !$ 0 General Government $ 102,195 7.8 i 130,049 10.8 i 206,405 14.3 i 201,395 13.7 $ 204,293 13.0 8 282,140 17.1 Publ ic Safety 323,424 24.7 405,806 33.6 439,550 30.6 507,945 34.5 549,555 35.0 575,260 34.8 Health and Sanitation 113,640 8.7 112,683 9.3 113,735 7.9 113,654 7.7 113,158 7.2 201,060 12.1 Publ ic Works 331,222 25.3 300,449 24.9 369,081 25.7 360,720 24.5 383,806 24.5 353,110 21.4 h P Grants 56,974 4.4 61,121 5.1 68,545 4.8 75,790 5.1 77,510 4.9 80,660 4.9 Debt Retirement 45,625 3.5 34,487 2.8 33,798 2.3 22,463 1.5 21,769 1.4 21,200 1.3 Employee Benefit Prog . 94,644 7.2 11,544 1.0 Other Expenditures 231,066 17.7 27,345 2.3 54,790 3.8 65,516 4.4 61,255 3.9 81,700 4.9 Total General Fund Expend. $1,298,790 ;1,285,904 ;1,347,483 61,411,346 $1,595,130 Year- End Balance 10,155 .8 122,737 10.2 152,467 10.6 126,299 8.6 157,530 10.1 57,460 3.5 Grand Total 11,308,945 100.0 81,206,221 100.0 ;1,438,371 100.0 11,473,782 100.0 61,568,876 100.0 $1,652,590 100.0 .. . . SOURCE: 1975-1979 Annual Audit; 1980 Approved Budget TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS I 1 Actual General Fund expenditures have increased twenty-three percent (23%) since 1975 or approximately four percent (4%)/year. Three governmental functions : 8 General Government, Public Safety, and Public Works, are the most costly and constitute 73.3% of all expenditures to be made in 1980. Of the three, General 1 Government and Public Safety costs have increased in proportion to other costs 8 while Public Works spending has taken a smaller portion of the budget. 8 General Government costs are those incurred for Administration and Tax Collection. General Government costs have risen one hundred ninety-nine percent I (199%) since 1972 or at an annual rate of approximately twenty percent (20%). Administration accounted for most of the increase. In 1979, Administration costs t were eighty-nine percent (89%) of a1 1 General Government costs. I Public Safety expenditures support the municipal police department; fire department; the regulation, planning and zoning function; and civil defense. 8 Publ ic Safety expenditures have increased approximately seventy percent (70%) B since 1972 with increase in the cost of operation of the Police Department accounting for most of the change. In 1979 the Police Department represented 8 sixty-nine percent (69%) of the Public Safety expenditures, followed by the Fire Department with twenty-eight percent (28%) of the Publ ic Safety expenditures. 8 Although costs for Public Safety have risen approximately 11.7% annually, 8 costs for specific functions have not risen at equal rates. Police Department 8 costs have risen approximately 14.2% annually, while Fire Department rates have risen approximately 10.5%. Regulation, planning, and zoning costs have decreased 1 three percent (3%); and Civil Defense expenditures have decreased thirty-nine percent (39%). 8 65 I 8 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN a ECONOMIC ANALYSIS It is important to note in view of the lower rate of increase in Fire Depart- I ment expenditures that a 1978 Municipal Fire Defense survey performed by the I Insurances Services Office gave the greatest number of deficiency points to the Fire Department. A Municipal Fire Defense Survey is done to determine a fire 8 protection rating for fire insurance purposes. The higher the rating the greater the premium charge on commercial, industrial, and homeowner fire policies. The 1 results of the survey are as follows: 8 Items Surveyed: Deficiency Points Assigned Water Supply 464 I Fire Department 1,132 Fire Service Communication 148 Fire Safety Control 318 I C1 imatic Conditions 58 Divergence 67 Total Deficiency Points 2,187 I . .. 8 Fifty-two percent (52%) of the total deficiency points were against the Fire Department. Such items as distribution of companies and type of apparatus; I pumper capacity; design, maintenance and condition of apparatus, department manning; equipment; hose and hose condition; training; and response time were 8 reviewed and points assigned accordingly. 8 It is the recommendation of this plan that the report of the Insurance 8 Services Office detailing the specific areas of deficiency in the fire department be reviewed and efforts be made to plan for the upgrading these areas of de- ‘I ficiency. 8 1 8 66 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 8 1 Public Works expenditures are those for treets and highway works, maintaining parks and public property, and shade tree expenses. The cost I to maintain the municipal streets is the largest cost item, accounting for sixty-seven percent (67%) or $258,979 of the 1979 public works expenditures. 1 Parks and Public Property is the second largest cost item representing seventeen 1 percent (17%) or $63,560 of the 1979 expenditures followed by costs for municipal buildings of $49,877 or thirteen percent (13%) of the total. I Other expenditures made during the year are for the debt retirement. One i outstanding debt exists, a bond secured in 1968. This bond is scheduled for full redemption in 1989. Debt retirement has constituted a decreasing proportion I of the yearly expenditures due to the full redemption of one bond'in 1975 and I another in 1977. 8 Expenditures for Health and Sanitation primarily involve payments of refuse collection and disposal expenses. Some expenditures are made for certain health 8 and sanitation inspections, but these have been very small and vary due to need. 8 The City of Titusville provides some grants to assist in providing needed municipal services. The major grants go to Titusville Leisure Services and to 8 the Benson Memorial Library. The library receives the largest grant yearly, approximately two-thirds (2/3) of the annual grant expenditures with Titusvill e 8 Leisure Services receiving most of the remaining grant funds. Very small amounts 1 of funds, usually less than one percent (1%)of grant expenditures, go to the c eme t a ry . 1 -. Other Expenditures include such items as Airport Administration, Insurance 1 costs, etc. Other than an unusual year in 1975, these expenditures represent a I 67 .. 8 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 1 small port on of total costs but their share is increasing. The majority of the expenditures in this category go to Insurance costs. These costs were $55,822 I in 1979 or ninety-one percent (91%) of the Other Expenditures. I The Employee Benefit Program established it's own Spec a1 Fund in 1976 8 and therefore does not show under General Fund exp.enditures for the remaining I years. The Program is applied on a percentage basis to the department where the employee works. 1 Year-end Balances are unspent monies at the close of each fiscal year, but I for accounting purposes are listed as expenditures. These unspent monies are carried over each year into the new fiscal-year budget, at which time they are .. 8 claimed as a receipt and called Beginning-year Balances. 8 The year-end balances for Titusville have varied with a low of $10,155 in 1975 and a high of $157,530 in 1979. Since 1975, year-end balances have main- I tained a fairly healthy level of approximately ten percent (10%) of total 1 expenditures. The 1980 Approved Budget estimated a Year-end Balance of only 3.5% total expenditures, a drop of 6.6% from the 1979 year-end balance. This would 8 indicate that the City expected to rely heavily on cash reserves to meet 1980 I expenses. Indebtedness and Borrowing Capacity I Indebtedness I The following is a statement of Bonded Indebtedness for the City of Titusville 8 as of December 31, 1979. m 68 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS INDEBTEDNESS BY COUNCILMANIC ACTION General Obligation Bonds - 1968 Issue 4.649% Interest, City Ordinance #1700 $300,000 Bonds Redeemed From 1968 Through 1979 165,000 8 Unredeemed at December 31, 1979 $135 ,000 Oil Creek Watershed Flood Control Bonds 1969 Issue, 3.356% Interest, City I Ordinance #1713 100 ,000 Bonds Redeemed From 1969 Through 1979 50,000 I Unredeemed at December 31, 1979 50 ,000 Total Indebtedness Through Councilmanic Action 185,000 I Indebtedness 6.y Vote of Electorate 0 Total Municipal Indebtedness , December 31, 1979 $185 ,000 SOURCE: 1979 Annual Audit The 1968 Bond issue was secured to finance general improvements to the City. I These improvements included permanent improvements to the airport; work on streets, roads and sidewalks; the City's local share of the cost of the Oil Creek water- 8 shed flood control project; improvements to recreational facilities at Burgess I Park; and acquisition of a fire pumper truck. The original amount of the bond issue was $300,000 with $135,000 outstanding as of December 31, 1979. Payments I on this debt are made from the General Fund. Q8 The second source of indebtedness is the Oil Creek Watersheed Flood Control Bonds issued in 1969. This project-was financed through the Farmers Home Adminis- I tration. Although the project has not materialized to date, the City has been 1 making regular payment on the $100,000 debt by using the interest which the $100,000 has annually earned. This debt was fifty percent (50%) retired as of December 31, 1979. I 69 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ANALYSIS I ECONOMIC I Borrowing Capacity The limit of a municipality's nonelectoral indebtedness, or ''borrowing 1 capacity", is determined by applying a formula established by State law. For 1 Titusville, borrowing capacity is equal to two hundred fifty percent (250%) of the ''borrowing base". The borrowing base is the average of total revenues (less 8 certain exclusions) of the municipality for the three most recent years. Thus, borrowing base for debt to be incurred in 1980 is the average of the total I adjusted revenues from 1977, 1978, and 1979. 1 The borrowing capacity for Titusville as of December 31, 1979, using the 1 above formula, is $3,749,500. This figure represents the maximum aggregate indebtedness that Titusville can accumulate at any given time without the approval 1 of the electorate. To determine the ''remaining borrowing capacity", it is necessary to subtract the sum of all municipal debts chargeable to the debt 1 1 imitation or $185,000 of indebtness outstanding as of December 31, 1979. I 1 1 I I 1 8 8 70 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS TABLE # 30 CITY OF TITUSVILLE STATEMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL DEBT INCURRING CAPACITY FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1979 TOTAL ADJUSTED REVENUES - 3 YEAR PERIOD ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1979 Year ended 1977 $1,254 ,549 Year ended 1978 1,456,757 Year ended 1979 1,638,096 Tota 1 $4,349,401 BORROWING BASE - TOTAL REVENUES + 3 $1,499,800 CONSTITUTIONAL LIMIT - AVERAGE REVENUES X 2.5 $3 ,749 ,500 TOTAL BORROWING CAPACITY OF COUNCIL Constitutional Limit (as above) $3,749 ,500 Outstanding Indebtedness at December 31, 1979 185 ,000 Borrowing Capacity of Council and City at December 31, 1979 $3 ,564 ,500 SOURCE: 1977, 1978, and 1979 Annual Audits, Consultant Computations As computed above, Titusville has a remaining borrowing capacity of $3,564,500 for 1980 or approximately ninety-five percent (95%) of its nonelectoral 1 limitation. This places Titusville in a "comfortable" position to meet future needs by means of short- or long-term financing. 8 71 Transportation TFIANSPORTATI ON INTRODUCTION 72 PHYSICAL FEATURES 72 HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION 76 URBAN PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL SYSTEM 77 URBAN MINOR ARTERIAL STREET SYSTEM 78 URBAN COLLECTOR STREET SYSTEM 79 URBAN LOCAL STREET SYSTEM 79 VEHICULAR ACCESS 80 VEHICULAR TRAFFIC PROBLEMS 80 ACCIDENT ANALYSIS 81 PEDESTRIAN ACCESS 89 PROBLEM ANALYSIS 90 PARKING ANALYSIS 94 RECOMMENDATIONS 98 PUBLIC TRANSIT 99 RECOMMENDATION 107 RAILROAD 107 PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS 108 W IDEN ING 108 SURFACING 109 TRAFFIC CONTROL & SAFETY DEVICES 109 DETAILED INTERSECTION STUDIES 110 PARKING FACILITIES RECOMMENDATIONS 111 SELECTED INTERSECTION IMPROVEMENTS 111 OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS 115 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 TRANS PO RTAT I ON 1 INTRODUCTION . I The purpose of transportation planning is to provide for the safe and I efficient movement of people and goods. In order to prepare a Development Plan for Titusville, it is necessary to plan for such movement to meet the 1 needs of growth to the planning year (2000) as well as provide recommendat ons I to address existing problems. The transportation element has been prepared in seven sections. The 1 sections of study consider existing physical features, highway funct onal 1 classification, vehicular access, pedestrian access, parking, public transi t, and plan recommendations. I 'PHYSICAL FEATURES I The physical features of the land transportation system in the City of I Titusville consist primari y of a grid system of streets in the older developed areas of the city and random layouts in the newer developed areas, and areas I having topographic and physical feature constraints. I Specific features that have been mapped include street cartway widths, I roadway surface types, street rights-of-way, and highway functional classification. Street cartway widths in the city range from twelve feet (12') to thirty- 1 six feet (36'). The categories as shown on the street Cartway Widths Map are seventeen feet (17') and narrower, eighteen feet to twenty-two feet (18'-22'), 1 and twenty-nine feet (29') and wider. The cartway widths are presented in the 1 I 72 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION section and will be utilized to analyze the improvements proposed in the plan recommendations. A comment which can be made at this point concerns the cartways which are seventeen feet (17') and narrower. Those streets which provide func- tional access and are not alleys are logical candidates for proposed widening. These i ncl ude : West Street New Street High Street Mt. Vernon Street Prospect Street (portions) Fleming Road Fourth Street Barber Street As shown on the Cartway Widths Map, when comparing the traffic volumes, the vast majority of streets which carry the high volumes of traffic are twenty- three feet (23') and wider with most through-streets at twenty-nine feet (29') and wider. Exceptions to those widths are the following state roads which provide thlrough access and should be considered for state widening programs: Plank Road TR-27 Brook Street (portions) LR-20103 Union Street (portions) TR-89 When proposing street widening, it is necessary to review the existing rights-of-way to determine if widening is possible without the acquisition of additional rights-of-way. The Rights-of-way Map presents the existing rights- of-way for city-owned streets, which range from eighteen feet (18') to ninety feet (90'). These streets which have been proposed for widening and may require additional rights-of-way are: West Street School Place 73 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATI ON The rights-of-way forstate roads have not been analyzed as 'they relate to proposed widening. Such information would need to be reviewed by the Penn- sylvania Department of Transportation as consideration is given to widening improvements and if additional rights-of-way are required such acquisition would need to be negotiated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (Penn DOT). Road surface types within the city consist of unimproved, tar and chip, I brick or block, bituminous (paved), and concrete surfaces. Most streets have 1 paved or concrete surfaces. As shown on the Roadway Surfaces Map, there are three (3) brick or block surface streets (Washington Street, Superior Street, I and portions of Perry Street). The tar and chip surfaced streets include Industrial Drive, New Street, and several a1 leys ; and the unimproved streets 1 are: East Park Avenue, High Street, Mt. Vernon Street, a portion of Chestnut I Street, and an alley that connects Brook Street with East Park Avenue. I The City has been involved in an annual street paving program which began in 1975. The program is financed fifty percent (50%) by liquid fuels monies I and fifty percent (50%) by local cash. The annual program has normally amounted to approximately $30,000 in paving improvements. Under the program, the City I maintains a list of all deteriorated streets and priority is given to improving I the most seriously deteriorated streets in any given year. The previously dis- cussed streets should be included on the annual paving list with particular I emphasis placed on the unimproved streets. I There is currently some question, from an engineering standpoint, on the best I approach to maintaining or improving block or brick streets. Many areas of the I 74 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANS PO RTAT I ON I I country have experienced problems with simply paving (bituminous surface) over such streets. Furthermore, expertise in relaying the streets is not normally I readily available. Some demonstration work has been done in relaying the block I or brick over concrete pads, particularly since the block and brick surface is extremely durable. Due to the current stateof the art on how best to I handle such streets, it is the recommendation of this Plan that the existing block or brick streets remain as constructed until such time as deterioration I becomes a significant problem. I I I I I I 1 I I 1 I 1 75 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION The 1980 Hiqhway Functional Classification Study as performed by the Penn- sylvania Department of Transportation through the services of the Crawford County Planning Department classifies highways in Crawford County on the basis of their principal functions. This study was authorized by the Federal Highway Administra- tion in compliance with the 1973 Federal-aid Highway Act. In this regard, The Highway Functional Classification Study is a valuable tool in the analysis of highway needs and improvements in accordance with highway function. The 1980 Highway Functional Classification Study supersedes a1 1 such previous studies and is expected to be used universally for planning, programming, and financing as well as for design, maintenance, operation, and management of the highway system in Crawford County. Since this functional classification of highways was developed in close cooperation and coordination with Federal, State, and local officials it should be adopted by all levels of government for the effect7.ve and efficient management and operation of highways in Crawford County. Titusville's highways fall within the functional system of an urbanized area. The four functional systems for urbanized areas are urban pr nci pa arterial s, minor arterial streets, collector streets, and local streets The differences in the nature and intensity of development between rural and urban areas cause these systems to have characteristics that are somewhat different from the correspondingly-named rural system. Map J delineates the functional classification of highways within the City. 76 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION Urban nci pa ,rterial System In every urban environment there exists a system of streets and highways which can be identified as unusually significant to the area in which it lies in terms of the nature and composition of travel it serves. To some extent, their importance derives from service to rural oriented traffic, but equally or even more important, from service for major movements within these urbanized areas. This system of streets and highways, called the urban principal arterial system, serves the major centers of activity of a metropolitan area, the highest traffic volume corridors, and the longest trip desires; and carries a high pro- portion of the total urban area travel on a minimum of mileage. The system is integrated, both internally and between major rural connections. . .. The principal arterial system carries the major portion of trips entering and leaving the urban area. In addition significant intra-area travel, such as between central business districts and outlying residential area, is served by this class of facilities. Frequently, the principal arterial system carries important intra-urban as well as major inter-city bus routes. Finally, this system in urbanized areas provides continuity for all rural arterials which intercept the urban boundary. Because of the nature of the travel served by the principal arterial system, almost all fully and partially controlled access facilities are part of this functional class. However, this system is not restricted to control led access routes. In order to preserve the identification of controlled access facilities, 77 .. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION the principal arterial system should be stratified as follows: (1) Interstate, (2) urban extensions (other expressways), and (3) other principal arterials (with no control of access). For principal arterials, the concept of service to abutting land should be subordinate to the provision of travel service between activity centers. Urban Minor Arterial Street System The minor arterial street system nterconnects with and augments the urban principal arterial system and provides service for trips of moderate length at a somewhat lower level of travel mobil ty than major arterials. This system also distributes travel to geographic areas smaller than those identified with the higher system. .. The minor arterial street system includes all arterials not classified as principal, and contains facilities that place more emphasis on land access than the higher system, and offers a lower level of traffic mobility. Such facilities may carry local bus routes and provide intracommunity continuity, but ideally do not penetrate identifiable neighborhoods. This system includes urban connections to rural collector roads where such connections have not been classified for internal reasons as urban principal arterials. 78 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION Urban Coll ector Street System The collector street system provides both land access service and traffic circulation within residential neighborhoods, commercial , and industrial areas. It differs from the arterial system in that facilities on the collector system penetrate residential neighborhoods, distributing trips from the arterials through the area to the ultimate destination. Conversely, the collector street also collects traffic from local streets in residential neighborhoods and channels it into the arterial system. In the central business district, and in other areas of like development and traffic density, the collector system in- cludes the street grid which forms a logical entity for traffic circulation. Urban Local Street 'System The local street system comprises all facilities not on one of the higher systems. It serves primarily to provide direct access to abutting land and access to the higher order systems. It offers the lowest level of mobilfty. Service to through-traffic movement usually is deliberately discouraged. 79 lLE A LOCAL STREET URBAN COLLECTOR I .**.ooo..o.oo.. URBAN MINOR ARTERIAL prepared by URBAN PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL SYSTEM NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC oooooooooooooo OTHER PRINCl PAL ARTERIAL llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll UR B A N E X T E N S D 0 N HIG HWAY CLASSIFICATION COLLECTOR ARTERIAL TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION VEHICULAR ACCESS This section deals with the movement of vehicles within the City. The adequate and safe movement of traffic is an important element for future growth. It is, therefore, imperative that existing problems be analyzed, and transporta- tion planning be provided for future growth. In an gffort to determine existing. probl ems , the Ci ty P1 anni ng Commi ssion i n conjunction with the Redevelop- ment Authority has prepared a list of vehicular traffic problems. The Chief of Police has also prepared a similar list which suggests recommended improvements. A compilation of accident rates was also prepared by the Chief of Police for the years 1978, 1979, and 1980. Vehicular Traffic Problems The following list of pnoblems was prepared by the City Planning Commission. 1. Central Ave./Frankl in St. intersection 2. Di amond S t ./Marti n S t ./Centra 1 Ave . i n ters ec ti on 3. Spruce St./Franklin St. intersection; demand light 4. Spruce St./Spring St. (Route 8) intersection; demand light 5. Flashing traffic signals after midniqht until early morning 6. Railroad crossings (repairs to) at Franklin St./Perry St./Brown St. 7. Mai n S t ./Central Ave ./Murdoch B1 vd . 8. Spri ng St. /Frank1 i n St. i ntersecti on The following is a list of problems and recommended solutions as prepared by the Chief of Police. 1. Diamond St., Martin St. & E. Central Ave. Have northbound traffic on S. Martin St. continue across Diamond St. to E. Central Ave. instead of turning right on Diamond St. 80 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION 2. Main St. and Monroe St. A traffic light should be installed at this intersection. Main St. is a thru-street from Washington St. to Spring St. which is five blocks. By installing a traffic light, this would slow traffic on Main St. The number of accidents at this intersection for the past years are: 1980 - 4, 1979 - 3, 1978 - 2. 3. Monroe St. and W. Spring St. The number of accidents at this intersection for the past years are: 1980 - 2, 1979 - 2, 1978 - 3; recommend more visibility. 4. Speed limit signs posted on W. Spring St. from city limits east to Diamond St.; Diamond St. to E. Central Ave.; E. Central Ave. to E. Main St. from W. Spring St. east to Watson Road. Speed signs from Spring St. to Smock Blvd., Smock Blvd. to city limits. 5. Bank St. from Brown St. bridge to Dairy St. Move curbline on north side of street back six (6) to ten (10) feet, making room for two-way traffic and still leave parking on the south side of the street. 6. Repair bridge on S. Perry St. for truck traffic, fire trucks, etc. in case the Franklin St. bridge is closed due to an emergency. 7. Check all traffic signs in the City, either replace or repair any that may need i t. 8. Eliminate the traffic light at Main St. & Caldwell St. by erecting a stop sign on Caldwell St. which is a dead-end street. 9. Some type of traffic control at Universal Cyclops exit which would operate only during shift changes which is 3:OO p.m., 11:OO p.m., and 7:OO a.m. Acci dent Ana 1ysi s In conjunction with the previous lists, an analysis of accident frequency and locations have been undertaken. The following is a list of accident locations and frequency of accidents for the years 1978, 1979, and 1980. 81 .. ~~ ~~~ ...... -...... - .. _...... -. __ . .. , ._. ., ...... -. ._. - . .- . . . _. . __- - .. .. - - ...... - . .- . .- .. ._--. r”- LE A prepared by NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION TABLE # 31 ANALYSIS OF ACCIDENT FREQUENCY AND LOCATIONS 1980 1979 1978 Barber St. 6: Smock Blvd. - 1 Bloss & Perry 1 - Bloss 6 Mulvey - 1 Bloss & Franklin 1 1 Bloss & Smock Blvd. - 1 Bloss Sr Superior 1 1 Bank & Brown - 1 St. John & Perry - - St. John & Franklin 1 - Water & Franklin 1 2 Water & Martin - 1 Garden & New 1 - Spring & Schwartz Lane - 1 Spring & West - - Spring & Fourth 1 - Spring & Spruce - 1 Spring & Walnut 1 2 Spring & Wood - 1 Spring & Third 2 2 Spring & Second 3 5 Spring & Central Ave. 3' 2 Spring & Monroe 2 3 Spring & Perry 2 4 Spring & Washington 4 2 Spring & Exchange 1 .1 82 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION 1980 1979 1978 - - I_ Spring & Franklin 6 4 5 Spring & Kerr 1 1 Diamond & Franklin 1 Diamond & Martin 2 3 Central Ave. & Second 1 Central Ave. & Monroe 3 Central Ave. & Perry 1 2 . Central Ave. & Washington 1 1 Central Ave. & Franklin 5 11 Central Ave. & Martin 1 5 Central Ave. & Diamond 1 Central Ave. & Drake .. 2 3 Central Ave. & Kerr 1 Central Ave. & Brown 3 3 Central Ave. & Main 1 Cherry & Monroe 1 Cherry EX Perry 2 Cherry & Washington 1 Cherry & Franklin 1 Cherry & Martin 1 Main & Second Main & Monroe 2 Main & Perry Main & Washington 83 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ' TRANSPORTATION 1980 1979 1978 Main & Franklin 4 3 Main & Martin 3 Main & Drake 1 Main & Kerr 1 2 Main & Murdoch Blvd. 2 Main & Caldwell 1 Main & Geale 2 Church St. & Second 1 Church St. & Monroe Walnut & First Walnut & Monroe Walnut &' Perry 1. . Walnut & Franklin 2 Walnut & Martin Walnut & Kerr Walnut & Brown Walnut & Petroleum Walnut & Murdoch Blvd. Hemlock & Convent Spruce & Third Spruce & Monroe Spruce & Perry Spruce & Franklin Spruce & Martin 84 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION 1980 1979 1978 Spruce & Brown 1 - Linden & First 1 Linden & Brown 1 Elm & First 1 Elm & Monroe 2 Elm & Perry 1 Elm & Kerr 1 Union & Perry 2 Union & Franklin Brook & Martin Brook & Drake Oak & .Fourth Park Ave. & Perry 2 Prospect & Mt. Vernon 1 Dillon & Meade 1 & 1 Dillon Lafayette - TOTAL 86 75 119 85 TOTAL ACCIDENTS TABULATION 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF Gio NUMBER OF NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS 00=z ACCIDENTS ACCIDENTS AT PERCENT OF OTHER THAN AT PERCENT OF ?o m FOR YEAR INTERSECTIONS ACCIDENTS INTERSECTIONS ACCIDENTS I m z v, 1980 200 86 43.00% 114 57.00% w < m U I- 1979 193 75 38.83% 118 61.14% P 1978 -287 -119 41.46% -168 58.54% 00 TOTAL: 6 80 280 --- 400 --- AVERAGE FOR THREE 227 93 41 e 18% 133 58.82% YEARS TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION The previous Total Accidents Tabulation for the years 1978, 1979, and 1980 shows that over these three years accidents at locations other than intersections maintained a higher percentage of the total number of accidents than those acci- dents at intersections. An analysis of the accidents at locations other than intersections reflects the majority of causes are from high volumes of through-traffic funne ed onto the city streets which also prov de in-city circulation. Flost of the accidients are occurring on Franklin Street , Spri ng Street, Main Street, nd Central Avenue, which are the streets which are currently being used by through-traffic. Over the past several years, consideration has been given to providing a bypass for the City of Titusville which would generally link Route 27 and 8 south of the CBDkto lessen the volume of traffic which is be ng exper enced in the CBD. Due to the current status of federal and state funds, these improvements appear to be at least temporarily dead. It is the recommendation of this Plan that all avenues be used to keep the project under consideration until such time as financing may be available or other alternatives that would alleviate these problems are investigated. See the Highway Functional Classification Map for a general location of the proposed bypass. This accident data at intersections has been analyzed and reviewed using formulas for accident frequency based on vehicle miles and traffic volumes. It has been determined that those intersections in the City of Ti tusvi 1 le which have an accident frequency of six (6) or more over a three year period should be assessed for improvement. *Central Business District 87 TI TUSV I LLE COMP REHENS IVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION A normally used criteria cons ders critical intersections to be those with six (6) or more accidents over a three year period. This criteria is in accordance with the 1965 Highway Capacity Manual. Other factors to be considered in deter- mining critical i ntersecti ons i ncl ude the number, the severi ty , and the rate. Those intersections which should be assessed for improvements through detailed traffic studies are 1 isted below. Where corrections are apparent or intersection improvements are proposed, those intersections have been deleted from this list and contained in the Plan Recommendations. Spring St. & Second St. Spring St. & Perry St. Spring St. & Washington St. Central Ave. & Second St. Central Ave. & Perry St. Central Ave. & Franklin St. Central Ave. & Martin St. Central Ave. & Brown St. Main St. & Monroe St. Main St. & Franklin St. Main St. & Drake St. Spruce St. & Franklin St. 88 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION 1 PEDESTRIAN ACCESS Pedestrian access or movement is an integral part of any Transportation E Plan, particularly in an urban setting. While pedestrian access is of prime importance in the Central Business District (CBD), it is also of concern at i locations such as elderly housing areas, recreational aregs, and other areas of significant pedestrian movement such as school locations. e The City Planning Commission has reviewed pedestrian access within the City and formulated the following list of pedestrian access problems to be analyzed. Pedestrian Access Problems A. Spring St./Central Ave. /Central' Ave. Extension intersection t B. Burgess Park pedestrian crossing to Cyclops Field C. Central Ave./Riverside/Central Towers crossing D. Walnut St./Frankl in St./pedestrian crossing--especially after school dismissal E. Spring St./Franklin St. F. Water St.--north side adjacent to Drake Mall parking area G. Place/Replace light bulbs in traffic signals to ease pedestrian crossing along one-way streets H. Water, Brown, and Allen Streets - Bridge to Carter Field i I. Top of the hill on Bloss Street \ Each 1 oca ti on has been analyzed i ndi vi dual ly ; and, where appropriate, detai 1 ed improvements are provided. 89 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANS PO RTAT I ON Pro bl em Anal ysi s A. The Spring Street/Central Avenue/Central Avenue Extension intersection poses pedestrian access problems due to the many open curb cuts which are located at establishments such as Mr. Donut on Spring Street, the auto parts store on Central Avenue, and the auto garage on Central Avenue Extension. This problem is further compounded by the traffic traveling west on Central Avenue and desiring to enter Spring Street and travel east. At the present time, the majority of traffic is using the above intersection rather than Monroe Street because of the visual obstruction at the intersection on Monroe Street and Spring Street which is caused by the angular intersection of Spring Street and the Dairy Queen which is located in the northwestern corner of the intersection (See attached map). The ideal improvements to this problem ocation would involve significant costs and may, therefore, be prohibitive. Those improvements would include eliminating the Dairy Queen at its present location, lessening the significant amount of curb cuts, and providing alternate vehicular access to the previously mentioned establishments. Since these improve- ments may not be acceptable, the following minor improvements are recommended : 1. The locationof a specific crosswa k area with proper signing . 2. Mandate the use of Monroe Street for traffic travel ng west on Central Avenue and desiring to travel east on Spring Street by providing a stop sign on Spring Street at Monroe Street and a no-left-turn sign on Central Avenue at Spring Street. 90 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTAT ION 3 a 3. Provide a vandal-proof mirror for traffic on Monroe Street to visually observe east-bound Spring Street traffic. t 4. Study Monroe & Spring Streets after above improvements to see if intersection meets traffic signal warrants. t B. Pedestrian safety is presently a problem for pedestrians crossing Main 8 Street from Burgess Park to the Cyclops baseball field. Since i parking is not provided at the Cyclops baseball field, many people park in the Burgess Park parking lot and cross Main Street to the baseball I field. There is a traffic signal at the intersection of Caldwell Street and Main Street, but few people walk to the traffic signal to take B advantage of the traffic control at that point. Since it would appear that parking facilities could not be provided on the south side of Main Street adjacent to the ballfield, and that the Burgess Park parking lot will probably continue to be used for those persons attending any ball games, it is recommended that a crosswalk with pedestrian signs be provided. Consideration could also be given to providing flashing warning lights during the time when the ballfield is in use. C. The intersection of Central Avenue and Spring Street, adjacent to the Riverside Market and Central Towers, poses a hazard to pedestrian crossing. A solution to this problem may lie with flowing the traffic into one lane along Spring Street and Central Avenue while providing an extended vehicular barrier. The vehicular barrier could also be used as a safety island for pedestrian crossing. The proposed improve- ment at this intersection would be done in conjunction with an attempt to resolve the exist'ng traffic movement problems at that intersection. 91 TI TUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN E TRANSPORTATION I D. Due to the high volume of pedestrian movement generated by and between the high school on Walnut Street, the elementary school on Main Street, and the library on Franklin Street, the Franklin Street and Walnut Street intersection poses a pedestrian crossing hazard. It is a recom- mendation of this Plan that crossings be provided with flashing caution lights during the periods when children are going to school or upon school di.smissa1. An alternative to this approach might be the use of a crossing guard or guards for the safety of the school children. E. At the intersection of Spring Street and Franklin Street, pedestrians are required to cross three lanes of traffic to gain access to the Drake Mall. These two locations are the southern and eastern portions of the intersection which crosses Spring Street and Franklin Street. minimum, It is proposed that at a this intersection. .. be studied to determine if no turn on red signs can be installed due to significant vehicular/pedestrian conflicts. Additional improvements could result in the installation of wal k/don't walk 1 ights if PennDOT requirements and warrants can be met. Other improvements for this intersection are shown. on the Selected Intersection Detail 2. E F. At the present time, poor pedestrian access is provided along Franklin Street immediately north of Water Street and adjacent to the Drake Mall ~I parking area. It is proposed that the depression in the pedestrian s walkway at the railroad track crossing be eliminated. It is also recom- mended that a new portion of sidewalk along Franklin Street north of the f intersection of Water Street be installed to eliminate the high curb and uneven sidewalk surface. The existing surface is asphalt, and it is 8 recommended that i t be replaced with concrete. t 92 TI TUS V I L LE COMP R EH ENS I V E P LAN TRANSPORTATION G. At the recommendation of the PA Dept. of Transportation, the City removed the traffic signal light bulbs which were on the opposing side of traffic on the one-way streets. It is felt that this action has created pedestrian crossing safety problems for those pedestrians crossing a street behind the light. At the present time, without the light bulbs, the pedestrians cannot visually observe how traffic is being directed. Since walk indicator lights are not provided, and the installation of such apparatus would be expensive, it is the recommen- dation of this Plan that the light bulbs be replaced in the traffic signals to give pedestrians an indication of how traffic is being controlled prior to crossing the street. This recommendation primarily deals with Spring Street and Central Avenue. H. Considerable pedestrian traffic is created along Water Street, Brown 5 Street, Bank Street, and Allen Street due to the location of recreational facilities south of Oil Creek, the largest of which is Carter Field. Addi tional sidewalk needs to be provided at the following locations: 1. Glater Street - from midblock between Franklin and Kerr to Brown Street. II 2. Brown Street - from a point just north of the Water Street intersection to a point just south of the Water Street 4 intersection. t 3. Allen Street - from midblock between Bank and Bloss Streets south to the Carter Field access road. i I. At the top of the hill on Bloss Street, there is a drop-off which is not guarded. This area can be hazardous to pedestrians and bicyclists. Guardrails should be considered. 3 93 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION , PARKING ANALYSIS In order to prepare a Development Plan, particularly in an urban community, consideration must be given to providing adequate land area for parking facilities. The following analysis has been prepared to determine the future need for parking facilities to the planning year 2000. It is not the intent of this section to provide a detailed parking analysis, but rather, to determine the future land use requirements. A parking survey was undertaken by the Titusville Planning Commission in December, 1980 and January, 1981. The survey provides information on the total number of spaces available at various locations and the number of spaces which were not in use on certain days at specific times. In order to prepare the survey, it was assumed that the 10 a.m. Tuesday time would prov de information on the average daily requirements for parking and the Friday 7 p.m time would provide the most extreme requirement for parking during evening shopping. The survey contained major public and private parking facil ties. The public fac- ilities are limited to on-street parking and off-street parking at the city lot immediately adjacent to the municipal building. The following table contains a tabulation of the information obtained from the parking survey. 94 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION TABLE # 33 PARK1NG SURVEY DEC. 1980-JAN. 1951 CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY Number of Spaces Not in Use - __ -~ __ - - -. - Tuesday Friday Location Total Spaces ' 10 am 7 pm Drake Mall 200 na na Fisher's Big Wheel 167 107 92 Quali ty Market 80 I 55 18 Penn Bank 46 0 0 Penn Bank (Corp. offices) 86 11 78 Riverside Market 73 21 41 Y. M. C. A. 36 29 16 Masonic Temple 33 na na Buyers Fair 54 42 15 City-Street 230 127* 74* City-Lot 97 -O* -59* To tal 1,098 392 393 na: not available * This information was obtained on di fferent Tuesday and Friday. 95 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANS P 0 RTAT I ON A review of the data contained in the parking survey tabu ation which was generally confined to the central bus ness district of the City of Titusville indicates that on the times surveyed, there were parking spaces available within the central business di strict (CBD) . The most severe problem of congestion at the city lot appears to be at 10 a.m. on Tuesday, which would indicate that the city lot is utilized before the other various locations, i.e. city streets. This is probably due to the location of the city lot as compared to city street parking, which may be as much as several blocks from the user'sdestination. Since the city lot is located adjacent to the school, the municipal building, the police department, and the office building which contains the radio station and the Redevelopment Authority, as well as other uses, it is highly probable that many of the associated employees, as well as persons having business with the various uses previously mentioned, -are utilizing the city lot. Further data to support this assumption is that the city lot had fifty-nine (59) spaces not in use during the Friday evening shopping period. This would,indicate that the city lot congestion is not caused by the commercial activity in the area, but rather, by the uses which function only during the day such as the school, muni ci pal bui 1ding , office compl exes , and so forth. An analysis of the area contained in the existing city-owned parking lot suggests that a reconfiguration of the parking could provide for additional parking spaces. The existing lot currently has ninety-seven (97) spaces. A reconfiguration of the lot could provide for as many as two hundred seven (207) spaces. Based on current standards for parking facilities, the parking lot could be reconfigured to provide for the following capacities at various angles of parking . 96 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION TABLE # 34 PARKING LOT CAPACITY BY ANGLE Degrees -Cars 3Oo 130 450 143. 6 Oo 168 goo 207 It is important to point out that of the 1,098 total parking spaces within the CBD, only three hundred twenty-seven (327) are publicly controlled. It is, therefore, imperative that the privately owned parking facilities continue to be available, and that any future development within the CBD be required to provide an adequate number of parking spaces for its customers and clients. As discussed in the Community Facilities Element, some planning has been done which proposes the construction of a.municipa1 services complex at the location of the existing municipal building and pub1 icly-owned parking lot. Due to the demand for parking spaces at the city-owned parking lot, it would be advisable to increase the number of parking spaces at that facility rather than decreasing the spaces which would be required to construct such a municipal com- plex. Should construction of the municipal complex be forthcoming at this location, it would be advisable to consider parking levels within the municipal complex construction. Some time ago a study was prepared which looked at the possibilities of purchasing property adjacent to the Penn Bank offices on Spring Street and reconfiguring the existing parking to the rear of the Penn Bank Building. 97 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION Possibly this concept should be reconsidered. At this location there is also traffic congestion at Spring Street and a mid-block alley named Exchange Place which is created by parking in the Penn Bank lot. Some consideration should be given to providing access directly to Franklin Street. Recommendations Since the availability of parking throughout the CBD appears to be adequate at this time, much of the proposed recommendations will evolve around the overutilized parking lot which is owned by the City and located adjacent to the existing municipal building. 1. Where possible, the City should promote the continued use of private parking areas for public use. 2. Future land use controls should dictate the provision of adequate parking facilities when and where future development within the CBD occurs. '3. Consideration could be given to requiring that municipal employees not park in the publicly-owned parking lot adjacent to the municipal building and that CBD employees also be discouraged from parking in the publicly-owned lot. 4. Consi der 1oca ti ng the proposed muni ci pal servi ces complex on the periphery of the CBD (a site search should be undertaken). If this is possible, it can be assumed that congestion at the city lot will be lessened due to the exemption of municipal employees and persons having business at the municipal building. 5. Should the municipal services complex be constructed at the pre- viously mentioned site, then consideration should be given to providing several levels of parking as well as reconfiguration of the existing parking area. 6. Re-study the possi bli ties of acquiring property adjacent to Penn Bank on Spring Street and reconfiguring lot to the rear of Penn Bank, and provising access directly to Franklin Street. 98 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION PUBLI C TRANS IT The Crawford Area Transit Authority (C.A.T.A.) provides transportation services for the general pub1 ic throughout the Crawford County area. Passengers pay a fee for service, ranging from fifty cents (50Q) to one dollar and forty cents ($1.40) one-way (depending upon the distance traveled ). The elderly and children ride free or at reduced rates. The services in the two urban areas (Titusville and Meadville) are provided each weekday, while service in rural areas is less frequent. Each public route is run at least once a week. Most service is demand responsive. However, one fixed route for factory workers is now being provided in the Meadville area. The Titusville City system (including Hydetown and Oil Creek Township) is currently a demand ..response type service. Passengers wishing to travel to town for shopping, the Senior Center, health care, recreation, etc. reserve a seat on the bus one day in advance. Passengers board at their place of residence. One-way fare is fifty cents (506). The Titusville Senior Citizens Corporation reimburses C.A.T.A. for a portion of the fares for those riders sixty (60) years of age and over. Key rural areas in the eastern portion of the county (Spartansburg, Canadohta Lake, Townville, Buells Corners, Centerville) currently have access to Titusville on a once per week basis. Passengers may board the bus within one-half mile of designated routes. One-way fare ranges from one dollar ($1.00) to one dollar and thirty cents ($1.30). Recently, C.A.T.A. implemented a route linking the Cities of Meadville and Titusville. This service is provided once per week. One-way fare is one dollar and forty cents ($1.40). 99 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION During this fiscal year (ending June 30, 198l), C.A.T.A. expects to implement fixed route service in the City of Titusville. It is anticipated that service will be provided with one small bus (21 passengers capacity) running at approxi- mately one (1) hour headways. Service will be weekdays. After one (1) year of monitoring the fixed route and making necessary adjustments, service will be expanded to Saturdays. Evening service is not planned for two to three (2-3) years. Fixed route fares will be established at twenty-five cents (256) to thirt! - five cents (356) one-way. Elderly, sixty-five (65) years of age and older, will ride free during non-peak hours. C.A.T.A. will be reimbursed for these fares through the State Lottery Program. The,fixed route is divided into four (4) sections in the following order: South, East, North (Heights Area), and West. There are approximately twelve (12) stops in each section. Each separate route will make stops in or near the center of town and ending at Burgess Park. The entire route covers approximately six- teen (16) miles of city streets and takes fifty-five (55) minutes. It will be run in a forward direction at 9:00 a.m., 1O:OO a.m., 2:OO p.m., and 3:OO p.m. The route will be run in a reverse direction (for trips to home) at 11:OO a.m., 1:00 p.m., and 4:OO p.m. The following is a list of stops that will be included: Bloss & Jones Diamond & N. Frankl in Breed & S. Frankl in Billie Brown Building Smock & Barber Central Towers Bloss & Allen (by tunnel) Burgess Park Bank & Dairy E. Spruce & N. Petroleum Bank & S. Brown E. Elm & N. Brown Bank & Roberts N. Kerr & E. Spruce Brook & N. Drake Diamond & S. Frankl._ in 100 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 TRANSPORTATION 8 N. Franklin & Brook W. Elm & N. Perry N. Franklin & W. Walnut N. Perry & W. Walnut N..Franklin & W. Main N. Perry & W. Spring Titusville Newstand W. Central & W. Spring Pennbank W. Spring & N. Third N. Washington & W. Main Schwartz Lane Pub1 ic Housing N. Washington & Union W. Elm & N. Second Grandview Heal thcare N. Monroe & W. Walnut W. Dillion & Park Ave. N. Perry & W. Central Maxwell & First Drake Mal 1 101 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION TITUSVI LLE C.A.T.A. 'FIXED ROUTE South LOOP (Tenative'l Augst 18, 1981 BURGESS PARK 102 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION TITUSVI LLE C.A.T.A. FIXED ROUTE East' Loop (Tenative) August 18, 1981 W3 A W Y 2 U I- a W 1 Q ELM a I A 1Y SPRUCE a SPRUCE I 2 a BURGESS PARK 4 W 0: Y LL H 103 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I TRANSPORTATION 104 ... Y a < + TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN a a u) cU TRANSPORTATION v) W u) 0 a V ma AMY3d - 30tlNOH c 1 2 s L 105 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN T RAN SP 0 RT AT I ON There is currently no service being provided for workers in the Titusville Area. C.A.T.A. expects that by next fall at least two (2) routes will be developed primarily to serve industrial plants--areas such as Universal Cyc ops, Queen Cutlery and Grand Valley Manufacturing and other large employment centers. Addi- tional commuter service will be implemented. The number of routes will depend on the demand for the service as shown by survey work. The Authority has determined that there is also a need for service to/from Titusville in portions of Venango and Forest Counties. Specifically, the Authority needs to plan, develop, and implement public transportation which links Pleasantville, Tionesta, Franklin, and Oil City with Titusville. This service would be provided directly by C.A.T.A., but most likely would involve cooperation (linkage) with pub1 ic routes provided by these Counties. Projected development of public transportation service in Venango and Forest Counties is twelve (12) to eighteen (18) months. The goal of the C.A.T.A. is to provide economical and energy-saving com- prehensive transportation to the general public in Crawford County. Service is designed to meet the needs of the general public; but primarily, the existing service is utilized by elderly, low-income youth and one-car or no-car families. In addition, it is the objective of the Authority to coordinate transporta- tion service provided by individual social service agencies and other organiza- tions by means of vehicle sharing and trip sharing between agencies whenever feasible. This type of service is currently provided by the Authority to a limited extent. However, there is much more research necessary before maximum coordination can be achieved. 106 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION * Coordination of agency vehicles/riders results in a considerable reduction in transportation costs to the individual agencies. In addition, agency vehicles may be utilized on public transportation routes during those times when agency service is not being provided. The location of clients is also an important factor in consideration of service expansion. And, agency clients are encouraged to uti1 ize pub1 ic transportation whenever available. Recommendation It is the recommendation of this Plan that the City support the efforts of the C.A.T.A. and whenever possible keep abreast with current services and assist in service planning in order to augment program implementation by the C.A.T.A. RAILROAD There are several local industries in the City of Ti tusvi 1 le that depend on rail service. It can be envisioned, in the near future, that the railroad will become more of an asset due to increased trucking costs. The ability to keep exi sting industries i n Ti tusvi 11e , in addi ti on to attracting new industry will depend, in part, on the existence of rail service. It is the recommendation of this Plan that Titusville continue to work on keeping the railroad in service in the City. 107 .. 8 MAJOR TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES 8 8 1 I I 8 1 8 I I 0 I 0 I e I I 0 0 I 0 I / t STATE MAINTAINED ROADS I ...... CONRAIL a TlTUSVlL LE AIRPORT I 8 prepared by I NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC TI TUSV I LLE COMPREHENS I VE PLAN TRANS PO RTATI ON PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS This section summari zes the various improvements and recommendations as contained in the Transportation Element to include widening, surfacing, traffic control devices, detailed intersection studies , parking facilities recommendations , selected intersection improvements , and other recommendations. Widening While a review of the various street widths as compared to traffic volumes within the City would indicate that many streets. are in need of widening, it is a1 so understood that such wi deni ng i s unreal i s ti c due to encroachi ng development. This further illustrates the need to decrease traffic volumes through the con- cept of providing a Route 8/27 by-pass. All efforts should be made to keep this proposal a1 ive until funding can be arranged, or other a1 ternatives developed. Those very narrow streets which should be considered for widening include: City Streets West Street School Place New Street Fourth Street High Street Barber Street Mt. Vernon Street F1 emi ng Street Prospect Street (portions) State Roads Main Street TR-27 Brook Street LR-20103 (portions) Union Street TR-89 108 .. TITUSV I LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION Surfaci nq The brick or block streets have not been proposed for surfacing at this time due to the uncertainty of how best to proceed. It is, therefore, the recommendation of this Plan that they not be addressed until such time as deterioration becomes a significant problem. The tar and chip surface streets and the unimproved streets which should be included on the annual paving list are: Industrial Drive . C1 i max Street New Street East Park Avenue High Street * Mt. Vernon Street Chestnut Street (portion) In addition to this list, several other alleys could be considered for .. surfacing depending upon the desire of the residents served by those alleys. Traffic Control & Safety Devices It is a recornendation of this Plan that traffic control dev.ices be pro- vided at the following locations: Loca ti on Devices Spruce St./Franklin St. Traffic actuated signal Spruce S t ./Spri ng S t . Traffic actuated signal Main St./Monroe St. Traffic signal West Spring St. from City limits east to Diamond St. Speed limit sign Diamond St. to E. Central Ave. Speed limit sign E. Central Ave. to E. Main St. Speed limit sign E. Main St. from W. Spring St. east to Watson Rd. Speed limit sign Spring St. to Smock Blvd. Speed 1 imi t signs Smock Blvd. to City limits Speed 1 imi t signs Main St./Caldwell St. Fixed time signal Uni versa1 Cyclops Exi t Fixed time signal Monroe Street/West Spring St. Vandal -proof mi rrur W. Central Ave./Spring St. No Left Turn sign W. Central Ave./Spring St. Crosswalk with sign 109.. TI TUSVI LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION Loca ti on Devices S. Franklin St./Diamond Crosswalk w/si gns S. Martin St./Diamond Safety Island, drosswal k w/signs S. Franklin St. No Parking signs (west side) Central Ave./Main St. Traff i c channel i za ti on/si gns Main St./Burgess Park Crosswal k/si gns OTHER TRAFFIC CONTROL AND MISCELLANEOUS IMPROVEMENTS Provide a timing device for the existing traffic signals which would provide for flashing signals from midnight until early morning Railroad crossing repairs at Franklin Street, Perry Street, and Brown Street Bridge repair on South Perry Street Check all traffic signs in the city for replacement and repair Replace or place light bulbs in traffic signals on one-way streets opposing traffi c to ease pedestrian crossi ng Provide crossing guards or flashing caution lights and crosswalks at the intersection of Walnut Street and Franklin Street Detailed Intersection Studies The following is a list of proposed detailed intersection studies which should be undertaken to determine the need for proposed improvements, both with and without a Route 8/27 bypass, and to determine the specific improvement necessary and the cost for installing or constructing such improvements. Spring St. & Second St. Spring St. & Perry St. Spring St. & Washington St. Central Ave. & Second St. Central Ave. & Perry St. Central Ave. & Franklin St. Central Ave. & Martin St. Central Ave. & Brown St. Main St. & Monroe St. Main St. & Franklin St. Main St. & Drake St. Spruce St. & Franklin St. Monroe St. & W. Spring St. (analysis for traffice signal warrants) _- . .. 110 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION 8 - __ __._ ------_-_ - - - 1 Parking Faci lities Recommendations Since the availability of parking throughout the CBD appears to be adequate 8 at this time, much of the proposed recommendations will evolve around the overutili zed parking lot which is owned by the city and located adjacent to the existing municipal building. 4 1. Where possible, the City should promote the continued use of private parking areas for public use. 2. Future land use controls should dictate the provision of adequate I parking faci 1 i ties when and where future development wi thin the CBD occurs. 8 3. Consideration could be given to requiring that municipal employees not park in the publicly-owned parking lot adjacent to the municipal building and that CBD employees also be discouraged from parking in the pub1 i cly-owned 1ot. E 4. Consider locating the proposed municipal services complex on the periphery of the CBD (a site search should be undertaken). If this 1 is possible, it can be assumed that congestion at the city lot will be lessened due to the exemption of municipal employees and persons ' having business at the munixipal building. 1 5. Should the municipal services complex be constructed at the pre- viously mentioned site, then consideration should be given to providing .I several levels of parking as well as reconfiguration of the existing parking area. I 6. Re-evaluate the use of permit parking in the Municipal Parking Lot. _. 8 Se 1 ected Intersecti on Improvements This section contains the selected intersect on improvements in map detail 8 form. These intersections were selected due to the apparent nature of the im- provement, the immediacy of the need to provide safety and lessen congestion, I and the relation of pedestrian access to vehicular access. Please refer to the i various subsections of the Transportation Element for detailed narrative on the proposed improvements. fne Shade Tree Commission should be reviewing tree 8 setbacks at intersections that may be potential traffic hazards. 8 111 CI CENTRAL AVE YIELD TO PEDESTRIANS w 0 .a kVANDAL PROOF MIRROR DETAIL Tal HI-RISE W SPRING ST t STOP HERE AND NO TURN, ON RED eNO PARKING DRAKE MALL REFORM SIDEWALK WITH CONCRETE AND SMOOTH SURFACE 111111 I I1111 111111 DETAIL T.2 WATER ST BURGESS PARK ~~ ~ 0 ENTRANCE TRlAN CROSSWALK UNIVERSAL CYCLOPS STEEL DETAIL T.3 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION ' Other Recommenda ti ons The recommendations provided in this subsection are of a general nature and have not been di vi ded into the previ ous ca tegori cal recommendati ons . It is a recommendation of this Plan that the City support the efforts of the Crawford Area Transit Authority Bus Service and keep abreast of current services and route, as well as assisting in service planning wherever possible in order to augment program implementation by the C.A.T.A. It has been recommended by the Chief of Police that the curbline along Bank Street be extended north approximately ten feet (10') between Brown Street and Dairy Street to allow for two-way traffic and still leave parking on the south side of the street. This same situation may exist on many of the streets which are currently found to have cartway' widths between eighteen feet (18') and twenty-two feet (22') as shown on the Cartway Widths Map. It is a recomrnen- dation of.this Plan that those various streets as shown on the map be studied in more detail to determine the appropriateness of widening as well as the availability of existing rights-of-way as contained on the Rights-of-way Map contained in this section. 115 . . _. .... ~ - ...... --__ Community Facilities COMMUNITY FACILI TIES INTRODUCTION 116 CITY GOVERNMENT & FACILITIES 118 POLICE PROTECTION 120 FIRE PROTECTION 121 SOCIAL SERVICES 123 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 126 I NTRO DUCT1ON 126 HOSPITAL FACILITIES 127 NURSING HOME OR EXTENDED CARE FACILITIES 128 I OTHER HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 128 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES 130 I EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 133 GENERAL BACKGROUND 133 TITUSVILLE AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT 134 CREATIVE PLAY SCHOOL 139 ST. TITUS SCHOOL 139 HARRY T. KERR FIVE COUNTY ADULT SKILLS CENTER 140 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT TITUSVILLE 141 CONCLUSION 143 BENSON MEMORIAL LIBRARY 144 PARKS & RECREATIONAL FACILITIES 150 GENERAL BACKGROUND 150 EXIST1NG FACILITIES 153 REQUIREMENTS FOR RECREATIONAL FACILITIES 158 RECOMMENDATIONS 160 TITUSVILLE AIRPORT 163 8 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 COMMUNITY FACI LI TI ES 1 I NTRODUCTI ON Communi ty faci 1 i ties i ncl ude government and non-governmental faci 1 i ties 1 available to residents for necessities and for enhancement of life. These facilities may be located within the City or within a reasonable driving 8 distance. Following are suggested maximum distances which persons may be 8 willing to travel from home to the selected destination. Walking distance is measured in miles. Car or public transportation is 1 measured i n time .* .- 1 oca1 shopping 1/4 - 1/2 mile I regional shoppi ng center 3/4 - 1 hour elementary school 1/4 - 1/2 mile junior high school 1/2 mile high school ... 1 mile 8 col leges , speci a1 schools 1/2 - 3/4 hour p 1 aygrou nds 1/4 - 1/2 mile p 1 ay f i e 1 ds 1/2 hour I regional recreational faci 1 i ties 3/4 - 1 hour emp 1 oymen t 1 hour churches 1 mile 1 hospital 3/4 hour major cul tural faci 1 i ties , theaters , museums , e tc . 1 - 1-1/2 hours 1 . Thi s element does not address re1 i gi ous faci 1 i ties shopping faci 1 i ti es ,I or employment opportunities. The City's government and the Police and Fire Departments are addressed. Other areas addressed are social services, health care faci 1 i ties , emergency medi cal servi ces , educati onal faci 1 i ties Benson Memori a1 Library , parks and recreati onal faci 1 i ties , and the Ti tusvi 11 e airport. We considered these to be.the major areas of consideration which have not been addressed in other elements of this Comprehensive Plan. Legal services are * Urban Planning & Desiqn Criteria, by DeChiara and Koppelman. 116 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC IL IT1 ES usually private, and therefore, have not been considered. Consumer Protection is mostly available at the regional , state, or national levels and has not been considered a community facil i ty. In Ti tusvi 1 le, the Ti tusvi 1 le Area Chamber of Commerce acts as a mediator between local businesses and individual consumer complaints. If the problem cannot be handled adequately at the local level, then the individual consumer is referred to the Better Business Bureau or the Bureau of Consumer Protection. 117 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES I 8 CITY GOVERNMENT & FACILITIES Since 1964, the City of Titusville has operated with a Council-Manager I Charter adopted under the provisions of the Pennsylvania Third Class City Code. Prior to adoption of the Charter, the C ty was incorporated in 1866 as a Third 1 Class City and operated with a Commission form of government. Titusville was 1 originally incorporated as a Borough in 1847 but became a City during the boom which resulted from the drilling of the World's First Oil Well just outside 8 of town. 1 The current City Council is composed of five members elected for four-year staggered terms. Every two years after the municipal election, Council reorgan- I izes and selects one of its members to serve as Mayor for the next two years. Essentially the Mayor serves as Chairman of the City Council. The Council is 8 responsible for the legislative and policy-making functions of the City. . Council I is also responsible for the hiring of a professional City Manager who serves at the pleasure of Council as the Chief Executive Officer of the City. 1 The City Manager is responsible for the hiring and supervision of the various 1 City employees. The City currently employs si xty-one (61) full- time personnel and twenty (20) part-time personnel. The services provided by the City include I a Public Works Department spanning the full range of street, park, water, and 1 sewer maintenance. The City operates its own Water Works and Sewage Treatment Facilities and conducts Building and Health Inspections. In addition I to the professional staff who head up these various operations, the City employs a full-time Finance Officer and an Income Tax Collector as well as a full-time I Treasurer and a part-time Controller, who are elected. I I 118 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES The City's administrative structure also strengthened by a number o citizen Boards and Committees whose members serve without pay to provide important services to the citizens of the community. Among these are the Library Board and the Leisure Services Board which receive direct primary funding from the City of Titusville. Other advisory and administrative boards include the Planning Commission, the Board of Health, the Zoning Hearing Board, the Civil Service Commission, the Shade Tree Commission, and the Water and Sewer Authorities. Of particular importance are the Redevelopment Authority and the Housing Authority of the City of Titusville. The professional staff members who head the various departments , boards, and commissions are as follows: City Manager Finance Di rector Police Chief Fire Chief Pu bl i c Works Di rector Recreation Di rector Librarian Redevel opment Authority Executive Director- Housing Authority Executive Director The City has considered the construction of a new Municipal Complex. Further study is needed to determine the siting and facilities to be included. 119 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES I POLICE PROTECTION 8 The Titusville City Police Department is presently located at 113 North 1 Frank1 in Street. Pol ice personnel is composed of full-time, part-time and volunteer persons. Full-time personnel include one pol ice chief, three 1 ieu- I tenants, nine patrolmen, one meter enforcement officer, and three clerks. Part-time personnel are the three school crossing guards who work at the opening 8 and closing of each school day duri ng the school year. Twelve auxil iary pol ice 8 serve as volunteers with the police department during parades, sporting events, festivals, etc. when additional personnel are required. 1 The police department has three fully equipped police cruisers. In addition, 8 the department communications system can link the department with all fifty states and Washington, D.C. The police station has a temporary hold facility of two cells. When needing long-term facilities, Titusville uses the Crawford County Jail facility in Meadville. In addition to the patrol and traffic control duties of the department personnel , the Ti tusvi 11 e Pol ice Department i s avai 1 ab1 e for community presen- tations on a variety of subjects such as drugs, safety in the home, safety on the street, etc. The City of Titusville mandates bicycle registration which is conducted by the police department as are bicycle safety inspections. A new police facility is being proposed for the department. The existing station has become too small for the department to provide efficient service to the comuni ty . Consi deration-should be gi ven to i ncl udi ng a new pol i ce faci 1i ty i n the proposed muni ci pal complex. 120 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACI LIT1 ES FIRE PROTECTION The City of Titusville has a paid fire department consisting of six (6) 8 full-time personnel and eleven (11) part-time personnel. Full -time personnel include the Chief, Assistant Chief, Lieutenant, and three (3) full-time drivers. Part-time personnel are a1 1 firefighters. One fire station, located at 315 North Franklin, serves the entire City. 8 The station is equipped with two (2) 2,000 gallon pumper trucks, one (1) mini- pumper, and one (1) 100' aerial truck. Each pumper is equipped with two hundred @ feet (200') of 2-1/2" x 3" hoses, four hundred feet (400') of 1-1/2" hose, one hundred foot (100') of booster line hose, and one (1) portable pump. The fire I department also has the "Jaws-of-Life" tool to assist in rescue efforts. All 8 firefighters are trained in first aid. Emergency medical services are provided to the City on a contract basis with a private firm. These services are discussed in another section. The fire department has proposed the acquisition of a new fire alarm system, The alarm in the station presently dates to 1954 while alarm boxes in the City I are up to one hundred (100) years old. In addition, the fire department notes that several hydrants need to be replaced. 1 In January, 1978, the City of Titusville received the results of a Municipal 8 Fire Defense Survey performed by Insurance Services Office of Pennsylvania. The. 8 classification remained Class 5; and the dwelling and uniform rated properties remained Class C. The Fire Department received 1,132 points of deficiency out of a possible total of 1,950, and Fire Safety Control received 318 of a possible total of 650. As these two areas have a much higher deficiency rating than the 8 - 121 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I L IT1 ES other areas, it may be possible to enter a better Class if deficiencies could be I corrected in these two areas. The difference between Class 4 and the current I 1978 rating in Class 5 is only 187 points. It could be to the City's advantage to request from the Insurance Services Office the reasons for the deficiencies and 1 make efforts to correct the deficiencies or lessen their severity. 122 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES SOCIAL SERVICES Social service often is narrowly defined as "the provision of services for the disadvantaged". A better definition is "the prov sion of services to address needs of all levels of society". The hope is to achieve a quality of life acceptable to the community as a whole, by enhancing the quality of life and minimizing social problems. Well-being is sought materially, physically, psychologically, and intellectually. Social service agencies may also be called human service agencies. Agencies providing social services may provide particular services or cater to a specific group of people. Needs may be classified as follows: attributed need - a need common to the whole community, such as pub1 ic education compensatory need - a need to compensate for suffered hardship urban renewal relocation), for contribution to society I veterans' benefits), or for prepayments for perceived future needs (social security, unemployment compensation) diagnostic differentiation - a need determined by diagnostically evaluating the level of physical or mental health, etc. means-tested need - a need of those economically unable to purchase the goods or services needed (welfare, public housing, legal aid) Agencies may use one or mre of the classified needs to determine the level of services they will or can provide. Delivery of social or human serivces is very diversified. The federal government administers Social Security and provides Veterans' Benefits. It also provides some funding in the following areas: financial aid, manpower, 1'2 3 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES I recreation, transportation, pub1 ic protection, housing, food and nutrition, I envi mnmental protection, consumer protection, mental heal th, programs and 8 facilities for the handicapped, etc. The state government also provides funding in these areas, and in education, and in more areas of health care. 1 Education is provided locally and is addressed separately under Educational Facilities. Recreation, which is provided by all levels of government and by I the private sector, is addressed separately as Parks and Recreation. Health I care is mostly privately provided with some funding from government; and is addressed separately in Health Care Facilities. Pub1 ic protection services 1 are provided by the local government with some funding from other governmental 8 sources. They are addressed separately as Police Protection and Fire Protection. Transportation is addressed as a separate element of this Comprehensive Plan. .. I The government of Crawford County provides many social services, including: 8 Child We1 fare Services, the Mental Heal th/Mental Retardation Program, the Office for the Aging, and the Senior Center. The Office for the Aging has published a I Directory of Services available to Crawford County residents. I Following is a list of fourteen agencies affiliated with the Titusville United Way. More detailed information has been provided to us by the Y.W.C.A. I and the Y.M.C.A. This information is included in the Appendix. American Red Cross Girl Scouts I Associated Charities Meal s on Wheels French Creek Council Boy Scouts Mental Health Association Community Nursing Sal vation Army 1 Crawford County Drug & Alcohol Venango County Visiting Nurses Decision House Y. M. C. A. I Family Services & Children's Aid Y. W. C. A. I 124 TITUSV I LLE COMF REHENS I VE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES Most of these agencies are heavily dependent upon contributions to provide the services. Contributions often diminish during times of high inflation--times when the need for services often rises. Due to higher unemployment the state has more cTaims to pay. More people become economically needy; and this can create stresses which put people in need of health care. The local governmental agencies are also affected due to a drop in taxes. Inflation also increases the cost of providing even a' stable level of services. Conversely, in good times social services agencies may be neglected because people do not see as great a need for the services provided, forgetting that the agencies provide services to address needs of all levels of society. The people and government of Titusville should be aware of the role' of social service agencies in society and should strive to help the agencies to maintain and increase services as necessary. The agencies will only be able to adjust services as needs are expressed and as finances allow. 125 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUN I TY FAC I L IT I ES HEALTH CARE FACILITIES ...... - .. - Introduction Health care services are delivered in a number of manners: 1. at a hospital a. as an admitted patient b. in the emergency room c. on an outpatient basis; 2. at a nursing home or extended care facility; 3. at home by visiting nurses or health aides; 4. at a mobile unit provided by a hospital or health care agency; 5. at a health center such as the Pennsylvania State Health Center; or 6. at nurses offices provided by some industries. Each facility has it's own area of expertise and ability to handle particular services . Health Systems, Inc. of Western Pennsylvania in Erie provides the planning overview for health care facilities in western Pennsylvania. The methodology used by this agency can be found in the Health Systems Plan. A copy of this -Plan can be viewed in the reference room at Benson Memorial Library. Funding for heal th care facil ities comes from cl ient and non-cl ient sources. The client sources are cash and insurance. Examples of non-client sources are charitable gifts, taxes, etc. The local government can have a number of different roles in the provision of health care. Examples of these roles are: 1. provider 2. regulator 3. funder 4. capacity builder (providing advice, consul tation, technical assistance, etc. ) 5. facil itator/coordinator. 126 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES Different local governments have differing degrees of activism, but most often some combination of the above roles is assumed. Local government may also be a passive contributor by providing some but not all of the funds. For the purp6ses of this section of the Plan, Health Care Facilities are designated as Hospital Facilities, Nursing Home or Extended Care Facilities, or Other Health Care Facilities. Hospital Facil ities The Titusville Hospital is located on West Oak Street in Titusville. The current facility was opened in 1972 replacing the facility built in 1900. The hospital is a general, acute-care hospital with ninety-nine (99) beds. The hospital is nationally accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals. In fiscal year 1980 the hospital had four thousand fifty-five (4,055) in- patients, and thirteen thousand four (13,004) patients were served in the emergency room. The employment varies between two hundred ninety (290) and three hundred twenty (320) employees; and there are twenty (20) doctors affiliated with the Hospital. A Ladies Auxiliary Organization also helps in the provision of services. Currently there are no plans for expansion or for major purchases of equip- ment mostly due to the newness of the facility. Other not-too-distant hospitals also used by some Titusville residents are .. the Meadville City Hospital, Spencer Hospital (in Meadville), the Oil City Hospital, and the Franklin Hospital. 127 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACIL IT1 ES Nursing Home or Extended Care Facilities Grandview Health Care, Inc. has a nursing home on Dillon Drive in Titusville. There are also other facilities in Oil City and Franklin. The facility in Titusville has sixty-five (65) beds and is usually full. Services are provided by sixty-eight (68) employees and are inpatient only. Currently, the adminis- tration has no plans for expansion or for the purchase of major new equipment. The Presbyterian Home at 701 North Perry Street is smaller, having only twenty-four (24) beds which are also usually full. The inpatient services are provided by twenty-two (22) employees. No outpatient services are available. Currently there are no plans for expansion or the purchase of major new equipment. Other Health Care Facil i ties A branch office of Community Health Services of Crawford County is located on East Main Street in Titusville. This agency provides skilled nursing, home- maker, and health aide services. Speech, physical, and occupational therapy are offered. Referral can be from anyone but the agency must have a plan of treatment or orders from a doctor before services are provided. The Meals on Wheels Pro- gram also operates out of this office. The main office of this agency is located in Meadvil le. The Titusville Counseling Center is located in the Park Building. This Center provides outpatient family, marital, and individual counseling. A psy- chiatrist holds office hours at the Center once a week to provide chemotherapy for clients. Twice weekly a partial hospitalization program meets. The Center is a satellite office of the Meadville City Hospital. No referral is needed and serv ce is not limited to cl ents of a certain economic level. 128 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I COMMUNITY FACILITIES I The Pennsylvania State Health Center is located on East Main Street. This center holds free clinics for children under seven, orthopedics, and tuberculosis. 1 A Specialized Health Program and home nursing are.provided. The Center is also 1 active in control of communicable disease. I The American Cancer Society's office is in Meadville. The Society provides programs and help for cancer patients and their families. The American Red Cross has an office on West Main Street, which provides crisis and disaster relief programs. The Center for Families in charge with an office in the Benson Memorial Library, provides bereavement services, community education, and family crisis counseling. The Easter Seal Society for Crippled Children and Adults of Crawford County has an office in Meadville, and provides therapy and education services, and camping. The Northwest Pennsylvania Lung Association is located in Erie and provides education, research, therapy, and other programs relating to 1ung disease and associated health problems. 129 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I L IT1 ES I I EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES Emergency medical services for the City of Titusville are provided by the I Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service located at 217-1/2 South Perry Street in Titusville. The ambulance service is a branch of the Erie Ambulance Corporation I with whom the City of Ti tusvill e contracts annual ly for ambulance service. I The Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service is equipped with three (3) ambulances, and one (1) wheelchair van. All vehicles are VASC certified which means they I are equipped and inspected according to Pennsylvania Emergency Health Service I Council standards. The ambulance service maintains a twenty-four (24)-hour dispatch service. Each vehicle has communication with a physician in the Titus- I ville Hospital's Emergency Room as well as the Corry Hospital and various Erie I hospitals. Ambulance personnel consist of five (5) full-time drivers and nine (9) I part-time drivers as well as dispatchers. All drivers hold American Red Cross I First Aid certificates and are certified Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT's) in Basic Life Support functions. All drivers receive continues training and I updating of emergency techniques. I The ambulance service operates on a membership basis. Present membership fees are thirty dollars ($30.00) for a Family Membership'which includes immediate I family members (husband, wife, dependent children up to and including, twenty-one 1 (21) years of age) and twenty-five dollars ($25.00) for a Single Membership. Membership to the Ambulance service entitles a member to six (6) local one-way I inval id call s (non-emergency stretcher transportation) per year. A1 1 non-emer- I gency calls exceeding six (6) are charged to the member at a fifty percent (50%) 1. 130 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES I discount from current ambulance rates. Local emergency calls are unlimited. I For emergency or invalid transports to medical facilities outside the local service area, the member pays the loaded mileage at current mileage rates. I The present rates for non-members are as follows: I Scheduled Transport - $80.00 + $3.80/loaded mi 1e Unscheduled Transport - $90.00 + $3.80/loaded mil e .I As no ambulance service can operate on membership fees only, all ambulance i calls are billed to the client at full rate. For members, the Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service will accept as payment whatever the insurance policy of the I member client will pay. I A special service the Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service provides to the Community is the wheelchair van which can accommodate four (4) elderly or handi- B capped wheelchair persons. The wheelchair yan is equipped with radio communica- i tion and ramp and is always driven by trained EMT personnel. The wheelchair van is available to transport elderly and handicapped wheelchair persons on a demand- I response basis at a nominal fee for whatever transportation needs these persons may have. I Another special service is the Special Ambulance for the Elderly (SAFE) 1 Program. For a membership fee of twenty-five dollars ($25.00), ambulance service is made available to the elderly in cooperation with Medicare guildelines. After I six (6) non-emergency calls, a flat fee of thirty dollars ($30.00) per call is 1 charged the client. I I 131 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUN I TY FAC I L IT I ES In addition, the ambulance service provides community education services on first aid and emergency medical techniques. Within the next two to three (2-3) years, the Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service proposes to be able to provide Advanced Life Support services in emergency services. This would allow the EMT's in communication with the Emergency Room physician to administer IV's, drugs, perform emergency airway opening, etc. which presently can only occur at the Emergency Room in the hospital. . .. 132 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACIL IT1 ES EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 1 General Background Planning activities of school officials and planning activities of municipal I officials affect each other greatly and can also be dependent upon each other. The population of the area and the resulting number of school-age children can 1 be affected by the qual ity of education offered by the schools and by efforts of a the municipal government to retain and increase employment in the area. The schools and government must cooperate to provide for the safety of school children Q going to and from school, and to control noise levels, vehicular traffic, and fumes or odors created by the schools or by nearby industries. 1 Many items may need to be jointly considered when the construction of a new school is necessary. 1. Is the potential site served by water and sewer lines or will these need to be constructed? If they need to be constructed, who builds them, and who pays for the construction. Also, can the plants and system handle the additional load? I 2. Is the site accessible by streets or roads, and by sidewalks? 3- Are the topography, the configuration, and the soil conditions of the site appropriate for building? 4. What is the current use of the site? Demolition of good housing could lower the tax base for both the school district and the municipality. The closeness of the schools to the homes of the students is often important in a city, especially for elementary students. 1 Higher education institutions on the overall are helpful to a community. 1 The community may have extra costs for parking , housing, shopping , code enforcement, 133 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I L IT1 ES zoning, protective services, and for publ ic schools and local government facil- ities for the students, faculty, and employees of the institution and their families. The costs may be offset by students' expenditures, employees' salaries, coll ege banking, the increased employment base, increased educational oppor- tunities, and the cultural programs and services. Titusville is fortunate to have the University of Pittsburgh close, providing educational opportunities within commuting distance. Industries also look favorably upon communities with higher educational institutions as they provide information and retraining possi bil i ties. The other educational facilities also addressed in this-section include the public schools of the Titusville Area School District, the Creative Play School, the St. Titus School (a private school), and the Harry T. Kerr Five County Adult Skills Center. Schools operate under the School Code of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The Department of Education is the agency responsible for determining that schools meet the minimum requirements it sets in the field of education. Titusville Area School District The School District includes parts of Crawford, Venango, and Warren Counties-- a total of ten municipalities and 198 square miles. It is in Intermediate Unit # 6 of Pennsylvania's publ ic schools system. With neighboring districts, the Titusvil le Area School District jointly supports the Venango County Area Voca- tional-Technical School which is located in Oil City. The Vo-Tech also provides adult education classes. The following two tables present the present and projected enrol'lments for the district. 134 .TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACI L IT1 ES TITUSVILLE AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT PRESENT SCHOOL ENROLLMENT 1980 - 1981 December 2, 1980 -GRADE ENROLLMENT Kindergarten...... 205 Special Education...... o~..~~~~-... 20 Grade 1 ...... 277 Grade 2 ...... 221 Grade 3, ...... 193 Grade 4 ...... 199 Grade 5 ...... 253 I Grade 6 ...... 251 .I I Grade 7 ...... 281 j/ Grade 8 ...... 303 ! Grade 9 259 ! ...... I I Grade 10 ...... 252 I Grade 11 ...... 250 Grade 12 ...... 238 -3,202- 135 --I D III TITUSVILLE AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT I- m * PROJECTED ENROLLMENT 1981 - 1985 w cn TOTAL 303 259 252 250 3,154 281 303 259 252 3, i14 251 281 303 259 -43,077 253 251 281 303 1. According to recent information the birth rate should increase in 1990 therefore, by 1995 the enrollment will see an incline. 2. The above figures do not include projections for any population changes due to additional procurement of industry. , TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES Currently there are one hundred seventy-five (175) teachers and nine (9) administrators and supervisory personnel. Beyond the basic education provided to school-age chi1 dren the District also offers an Adult Basic Education Program and an On-the-job Training Program. Another special program is the Five-to-One Program which provides counseling for high school students and helps to prevent drop-outs. The most recent construction and renovation project of the school district is that at the junior and senior high schools in 1979. New features in the schools are: *an expanded 1 i brary .*a new guidance suite *a new art suite *renovation of the business education suite with a new typing room, a new office procedures room, etc. *new music suite *Iyceum (large group instruction room) *new physics laboratory *new natatorium *new mu1 ti-purpose gymnasium *new public address systems The following chart provides information regarding the existing facil ities. Also included is a ten (10)-year projection regarding the buildings themselves. 137 ~~~ II) R O U _7 U @!!4 %- I, U R TITUSVILLE AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT EXISTING FACILITIES -I =U=D m wl- c+ 4m -IOU Ill $2 0-4 cg M + 4.8 4.8 u3 m dU In bd b40 aJ 4m cQ4 cQQG b aa E EXISTING FACILITIES Ill3 IllQa 3a 0 Pa *+I% 2 PIU s 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 bfaintain - 1><1 The Titusville Area School District also owns the following properties: S. Brown 6 Vater Streets 4.5 acreage Abandon N. Kerr and Walnut Streets .57 *E. Spruce Street .57 Add1 t ion rmn * Demolition of houses (322;326$,328) on these lots expected in 1981-1982. Renovation B ** Total Pupil Capacity of 3,550 when South Side and Elm Street Elementaries are abandoned. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I LIT I ES Each school district is required by the State to prepare a Master Plan every five (5) years. The Plan addresses strengths and weaknesses of the dis- trict and its curriculum and makes recommendations for improvement. The last Master Plan was done in 1976. The Plan recommended the District continue efforts to maintain the strong college-prepatory program, to offer more electives, and to enlarge the industrial arts program. The next plan is now in the preliminary stages. Soon residents of the district will join the school's officials in evaluating their school system. Creative P1 ay School The Creative Play School meets in the basement of the United Methodist Church. The school has an enrollment of twenty-five (25). The school's admin- istration expects the level of enrollment to remain approximately the same in the coming years. Currently they have no plans for expansion. St. Titus School St. Titus School is located on West Main Street at Second Street. The building includes three (3) floors. The third floor consists of six (6) class- rooms. The second floor contains three (3) classrooms, the office, and the assembly room. The first floor has the cafeteria, faculty room, cafeteria storeroom, two (2) restrooms, and the boiler room. There are no plans for future additions. Major maintenance and repairs were started in 1980 and will be con- tinued in 1981. Current enrol lment at the school totals one hundred fifty-seven (157) including eighteen (18) preschoolers and one hundred thirty-nine (139) in 139 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES Kindergarten through Grade 6. Enrollment of pupils in preschool should remain around eighteen (18) to twenty-five (25). Enrollment in kindergarten through Grade 6 will increase to somewhere between one hundred fifty (150) and one hundred eighty (180). Harry T. Kerr Five County Adult Skills Center Titusville is the home of the Harry T. Kerr Five County Adult Skills Center which is located in the Industrial Park. The Center is named after an honored County Commissioner and is the product of a five county survey to determine the needs of local industries for trained employable people. The five counties involved are Crawford, Warren, Venango , Forest, and C1 arion. The Skills Center trains forty (40) people, twenty (20) each, in classes for Machine Trades and Industrial Maintenance. The program is funded under the Comprehensive Employment Training Act and each class of training is guided by a volunteer advisory Committee made up of industry specialists. The Titusville Center is housed in a 14,000 square foot building which also contains the administrative staff for the program. Cambridge Springs, in western Crawford County, is the location of a satellite center for training in the Tool and Die Industry. A total staff of eight (8) people is responsible for the training programs with the ultimate goal of placing trainees in private, unsubsidized employment. 140 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 COMMUNITY FACILITIES 3 University of Pittsburgh at Titusville 8 The University of Pittsburgh at Titusville is located on East Main Street. It is a branch campus from the main campus in Pittsburgh, offering two (2)-year programs. There are two (2) associate programs and one (1) certificate program. 4 Enrollment is currently four hundred ninety-five (495) with a projected enrollment in the year 2000 of one thousand (1,000) students. The following is a detailed chart of the current and projected enrollments. 1p TABLE # 38 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH EN ROL LMENT -1980 -1985 1990 2000 f Full -time Dormitory 190 300 400 4 00 Commuters -80 -100 -100 -100 Total Full -time 270 400 500 500 8 Part- time Commuters 125 .. 200 - 200 200 Ti tusvil 1e only 0 t her* -100 -200 -300 -300 Total @art-time & 225 400 500 500 Other Total Enrollment 495 800 1,000 1,000 *Other students are those attending the classes held in Franklin or Meadville The facilities on campus include McKinney Hall, Davis Hall Labs, Haskell Memorial Library, the Student Union, and dormitories. McKinney Hall has six (6) classrooms and administrative offices. Davis Hall Labs has three (3) laboratories @ for general chemistry, organic chemistry, and biology. The Haskell Memorial 4 Library is a 30,000 volume library which is open to the public. The hours are as follows: Monday-Thursday 8:OO a.m. - 11:OO p.m. Fr i day 8:OO a.m. - 5:OO p.m. Saturday 1:00 p.m. - 5:OO p.m. Sunday 1:00 p.m. - 11:OO p.m. 141 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES The 1 i brary also contains two (2) laboratories (secretarial, computer), one (1) laboratory/classroom (physics and geology), two (2) classrooms (engineer ng and mu1 ti-purpose), one (1) photo/darkroom, one (1) lounge/reading room, and an auditorium with a seating capacity of one hundred twenty (120). The present Student Union has a snack bar, TV room, and game rooms. The Student Union is not generally open to the public. There are two (2) sets of dormitories. The first set has one hundred fifty (150) beds, and includes lounges and a cafeteria. The second set, the Towne House Dormitories, has ninety-six (96) beds. The dormitories are approximately eighty percent (80%) full. There are also two (2) tennis courts on Spruce Street. Public access to these courts is limited. A new Gymnasium/Student Union is current1.y under construction. Occupancy is expected by September 1, 1981. The old Student Union will then be demolished in the Summer of 1982. In the new complex, the gymnasium will have a full basket- ball court with five hundred (500) seat capacity which converts to dual intra- mural courts; an auxiliary gym upstairs for badminton, archery, etc. : three (3) racquetball courts; and one (1) squash court. The new Student Union will have three (3) classrooms, one (1) conference room, a lounge, a snack bar, a recreation room, and administrative offices. There will also be a fifty-car parking lot at the complex. Projected for the future are a Science/Engineering classroom building with eight (8) laboratories, ten (10) classrooms including two (2) lecture halls, and administrative office space to be constructed about 1984; and a playing field for intramural sports by 1985. By 1990, additional dormitory space will need to be constructed to provide one hundred fifty (150) add tional beds for the projected L increase in resident enrollment. f 142 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES 8 8 Conclusion Other than the facilities discussed, there may be other small preschools 8 and private schools in or near Titusville. Preschools are popular, especially with working mothers. Private schools are also very popular at this time, es- s pecially with parents seeking special or individual instruction for their childr n. 4 Public and governmental awareness, support, and cooperationare needed for efficient and effective operation of all educational facilities in the Titusville area. 143 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I COMMUNITY FACILITIES BENSON MEMORIAL LIBRARY The Benson Memorial Library was received by the City in 1904 when Mr. and Mrs. David Benson made a gift of building, land, and books to the City. Since 1904, the library has grown into an important and valuable asset to the community. The Benson Memorial Library is classified as a main library. This means it serves a whole city or municipality with no limit on the population served. In the case of Benson Memorial Library, the area served is the Titusville Area School District. As a main library, it should be within a block or two of main businesses and shopping area as well as convenient to main traffic and transpor- tation activities. The Benson Memorial Library meets the location requirements (See Community Faci 1i ties Map). ' The ..library staff presently consists of: five (5) full-time and five (5) part-time personnel. The five (5) full-time personnel are one (1) head librar- ian, two (2) librarians, and two (2) clerks. Part-time personnel are two (2) custodians, one (1) bookkeeper, and two (2) high school aides. Library funding comes from a variety of sources. The four (4) primary sources are municipal revenues (City of Titusville, Township and Boroughs in the Titusville Area School District), endowments, state aid, and county aid. Other sources of revenue are memorials,rent of facilities, donations, fines, etc. In the 1981 budget, revenues from municipal sources represent almost half of a1 1 revenues expected (See Tab1 e). 144 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES TABLE # 39 BENSON MEMORIAL LIBRARY 1981 SOURCES OF REVENUE Source % of Total Budget Municipal Sources 47% Endowments 14% State Aid 12% County Aid 9% Other 18% A wide variety of services are presently provided by the Benson Memorial Library. These services are as follows: Inter1 i brary Loan - obtaining books and materials from other 1 ibraries for materials not in the BML collection Films - over 1,000 titles available for personal use and organizations to use in planning programs, etc. Tel ephone book renewal s Telephone reference services Framed artwork for use in home or office Talking book machines for the visually/physically handicapped Large print books and materials Photocopy machine for pub1 ic use Meeting room space avai 1ab1 e Reference & bibliographic services Display cases to show hobbies, etc. In-house book/material s displays Bookmarks and bi bl iographies prepared Geneology information available - birth, death and marriage records Microfilm - Titusville Herald, June 25, 1865 to date 145 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES Microfilm - U.S. Census film for the 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, and 1890 census for Crawford, Venango, and Warren counties Local history reference collection Library tours avail able Library instruction classes avai 1ab1 e . College catalogs & scholarship information Tel ep hone di rectories from surrounding communi ti es Magazine Give-Away - once per year, usually in June 35,000 'books for circulation 1, 500 records for ci rcul ation 1,500 paperbacks for circulation Food Coupon exchange Sewing pattern exchange Memorial Book Fund - availab e as memorials or as living tributes In addition the library also prov des a variety of special programs for communi ty residents which i ncl ude week y preschool story hours, preschool film programs, a summer vacation reading club for children in grades 1 - 6, book review luncheons, bimonthly women's awareness luncheons, an annual book sale, and family film programs. Fina ly, the library provides meeting and office space for various social service, governmental , and communi ty-based organizations. The library building meets all handicapped accessibility requirements. The Benson Memorial Library is affiliated with several associations. As a member of the Erie-Crawford District Library Center, the library has access to the computer terminal in Erie which makes available interlibrary loan material 146 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I L IT1 ES from any library in the nation. The Crawford County Federated Library System makes it possible for all libraries in Crawford County to compete favorably as I a unit to receive funding for training sessions, additions to the book stock, and establishing some uniformity of service among the County's libraries. The 1 library's affiliation with the Northwest Interlibrary Cooperative makes it pos- sible for Benson Memorial to gain free access to academic, special, and restricted 1 professional-use only 1 ibraries. The Benson Memorial Library is one of three I libraries in this Cooperative. The Benson Memorial Library is also a member of the national and state 1 ibrary associations, the American Library Association, 0 and the Penn Library Association respectively. Planning criteria for libraries in terms of recommended facilities by population served are as follows: TABLE # 40 PLANNING CRITERIA FOR LIBRARIES Desirable , i Book Stock- No. of Seats Total First Floor Population Vol umes Per 1,000 Sq. Ft. Sq. Ft. Size Per Cap4 ta Popul ation Per Capita Per Capita 8 Under 10,000 3 1/2-5 10 0.7-0.8 0.5-0.7 I 10,000-35,000 2 314-3 5 0.6-0.65 0.4-0.45 2 1/2-2 3/4 3 0.5-0.6 35,000-100,000 0.25-0.3 8 100,000-200,000 1 3/4-2 2 0.4-0.5 0.15-0.2 200,000-500,000 1 1/4-1 1/2 1 1/4 0.35-0.4 0.1-0.125 n 500,000 and up 1 1-1 1/4 1 0.3 0.06-0.08 i Applying the planning criteria to Titusville, the following chart delineates the present situation, the recommended levels for the 1980 population and the 8 projection for the year 2000's population. t 147 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES TABLE # 41 PRESENT & RECOMMENDED LEVELS OF LIBRARY FACILITIES Des i ra bl e Population Book Stock No. of Total First Floor Size Vo 1 ume Seats Sq. Ft. Square Feet Present 6,811 36,000 Books 45* 12,000 5,575 Facilities 1, 500 Records sq. ft. sq. ft. 2,500 Paperbacks Periodical Micro- film holdings 1980 6,811 23,838 - 34,055 68 4,768 - 3,406 - Population 5,449 4,768 sq. ft. sq. ft. Year 2000 7 ,556 26,446 - 37,780 76 5,289 - 3,778 - Popul ati on 6 ,045 5 ,289 sq. ft. sq. ft. *Total library seating capacity is 120 seats; 75 of these seats are located in the basement meeting rooms and are not generally available for use unless a meeting is scheduled; As can be seen, in all areas except seating, the Benson Memorial Library is presently meeting the recommended standards for the current City population and will continue to be substantially adequate by the year 2000. It should be kept in mind when planning for future library facilities that the library also provides services to the communities of the Titusville Area School District and also attracts persons outside the school district due to several unique services available (geneology information, inter1ibrary loan abilities, etc). Therefore, the re- commended level s of facility development should be considered as the minimum levels. 148 TITUSVI LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I L IT1 ES Proposals for the next decade include: 1., Remodeling and changes within the building or provision of ground floor conference room improvements and changes to the children's room to accommodate additional volumes in the chi 1dren' s coll ection. The children's room changes will make more floor space available, thus making it possible to provide expanded children's programming. .. . ._ -- 2. Expansion of the ready reference services to be more responsive to the needs of the business, investment, and local government communi ties . 3. Continued use of available library space by county-wide offices to provide sate1 1 ite offices. 4. Major expansion of programming services to focus on the library as r a "Life Long Learning Center"--the need to learn and acquire knowl- edge is an entire life process. c 5. To provide additional seating space within the library for general use. When needed, a portion of the basement area could possibly be made available in a manner which allows supervision and assis- tance by library staff. 3 The Benson Memorial Library is also awaiting notification of funding from f the National Endowment of the Humanities through the Clarion State Center for the Study of Rural Librarianship. If successful in receiving the $50,000 grant, i the Benson Memorial Library will be involved in the development of programs to E implement the study of Humanities in the Titusville Area. 3 8 8 I R 8 14 9 i lLE A Titusville City Building Titusville Police Station Titusville Fire Station Ti tusvi 11e Hospital Grandview Health Care University of Pittsburgh Benson Memorial Library Jr. ti Sr. High Schools C RAWFORD prepared by NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC prepared by NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC 0 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES PARKS AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES General Backqround Recreational activities encompass more than just the physical recreation of sports and athletics. Cognitive recreation includes cultural and educational activities- such as exhibits; performances; trips to museums, zoos, and botanical gardens; visits to libraries and historical sites; etc. Social recreation includes fairs, festivals, and performances. Environment-related recreation includes sightseeing, visits to zoos and gardens, and nature-related activities. These activities may be sponsored or provided by Federal, State, or local government; private enterprise; or local associations and clubs. The majority of the recreational facilities provided by the Federal government are environment- re1 ated recreation or physical recreation. The state mostly provides facilities for cognitive recreation, environment-related recreation, and physical recrea-.. tion. Local government provides facilities for physical recreation and cognitive recreation. Private enterprise provides a1 1 types of recreation. Local associa- tions and clubs provide facilities for physical, cognitive, and social recreation. Agencies of the Federal government manage thirty-three (33) areas in Penn- sylvania. Among these may be: t National Parks National Historic Sites Na t i o na 1 Monuments National Memorials National Recreation Areas National Battlefields National Seashores National Wild1 ife Refuges I National Parkways National Forests 8 U.S. Land and Water Conservation Fund administered by the Heritage Conser- I vation and Recreation Service of the U.S. Department of Interior provides funding 8 1 150 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ' ' COMMUNITY FACILITIES for recreation projects. These funds are funneled through Pennsylvania's Department of Community Affairs, Bureau of Recreation and Conservation. In Pennsylvania, the various agencies manage 3.5 million acres of land available for recreation and open space uses. The agencies and their involve- ment with recreation are as follows: *The Department of Community Affairs, Bureau of Recreation and Conservation provides technical and financial assistance *The Department of Education governs the schools, which are providing recreation *The Department of Environmental Resources, through the Bureaus of Forests and State Parks owns and manages the state forests and ninety state parks *The Department of Pub1 ic Welfare has land available for recreational use at its institutions *The Department of Transportation has jurisdiction over scenic rest areas and overlooks *The Fish Commission has jurisdiction over waterways and provides hatcheries *The Game Commission manages game farms, state Game Lands, and waterfowl management areas *The Historical and Museum Commission manages historical recreation lands, museums, and historical sites *The Office and State Planning and Development provides oversight and planning for recreation in Pennsylvania Considering federal , state and local recreation areas, there are approx- imately ten (10) million acres in Pennsylvania available for some kind of out- door recreational activities but much of this land is located in sparsely popu- lated areas. Since about three-fourths (3/4) of all recreational activity in Pennsylvania takes place within thirty minutes driving time from home, much of this land is not being utilized for recreational activities. 151 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACIL IT1 ES t Local governmental recreational areas make up less than two percent (2%) I of the recreational land in Pennsylvania, but provide over one-third (1/3) of 1 the recreational activities. The low-income and elderly depend on local re- I creational areas for about eighty percent (80%) of their recreational activities. In Pennsylvania's Recreation Plan: Summary published in 1976 by the Governor's I Office of State Planning and Development, an increase in the rates of partici- pation in recreational activities was anticipated due to predicted increases in 8 population, increases in disposable income, and shifts in use of leisure time. Due to inflation, disposable income has not increased in many households. This results in more use of local facilities which are close and free of charge or which have minimal fees. The Plan listed the activity which had the highest rate of participation as sightseeing and driving for pleasure. This activity decreases in importance as the cost of fuel rises. Picnicking was listed as the second most frequent activity, swimming third, bicycling fourth, and hiking and nature walks fifth. The latter two activities become more frequent activities as costs for fuel and equipment increase and disposable income decreases. The -Plan listed activities in short supply by region and recommended increased opportunities for certain activities. For the northwestern region, which includes Titusville, opportunities were to be increased for swimming, bicycling, and tennis. For those still willing and able to travel some distance, many recreational areas are available within a fifty (50) mile radius of Titusville. Among these are: Conneaut Lake Pymatuning Reservior Lake Erie & Presque Isle Tionesta Reservoi r A1 1egheny National Forest Cook' s Forest Oil Creek State Park Maurice K. Goddard State Park 152 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC IL IT1 ES These facilities provide the opportunities for water sports, picnicking, camping, hunting, hiking, and nature walking. Other nearby facilities of interest are the Erie National Wildlife Refuge, Pithole, the Drake Well Museum, and the Irvine Trai 1. For those preferring facilities close to home, Titusville and the Oil Creek State Park will become the focus for recreational opportunities. Exi sti ns Faci 1 i ti es In Titusville, the Benson Memorial Library provides for cognitive recreation. The Library is addressed separately under this element. The local government and the school district together provide for physical recreation under the Titusville Leisure Services Board. The Board also has programs for cognitive and social recreation. Since the early 1950's the understanding has been that both the City and School District as political bodies would cooperatively provide recreational leisure opportunities and facilities for area residents. The City agrees to fund the Leisure Services Board's operating budget and to maintain necessary park areas and facilities within the community, while the School District financially supports the 1 eadership for programs and provides use of indoor school facilities as needed. There are two members from the Titusville Area School Board, two members from Titusville City Council, and three members at large making a seven member board. Each member is appointed for five years. 153 TITUSVILLE LEISURE SERVICES BOARD ORGANIZATION-RELATIONSHIP .. . Titusvi 1le City Counci 1 (cooperati on Gith ) i A\ 1. Certified Leadership 1 Ti tusvi lle Leisure Services Board City Recrea t ion 2. Facilities 7 members Program Grant 3. School Areas I Money # I I I Cooperation with other v1t-, 1. Parks and Public P I Property Dept. Admi nis trati on Program Committee 2. Facilities, Bldg. Maint. of Areas Vari ous Speci a 1 Property Programs Committees Commi ttee + Federa 1 Programs CETA NY C Green Thumb Green Light 1 c 1 I I TC Soci a1 Recreation Adult Education & Community Recrea tion Wi1 derness Recreational Activities Athel etics Intramura 1 Chal 1enge & Classes C- B Program W2 + I- 1 m I Swimming pool 1 1 Playgrounds] [Tyc-Toc 1 P Iu TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES 1 t The programs and activities provided by the Board are administered by a full-time Recreation Director who works out of the Recreation Center at 714 1 East Main Street. The Board also employs a full-time secretary and part-time supervisors and leaders as necessary. Volunteers are also used in many of the t programs and activities. I The Titusville Area School District maintains recreational facilities at school properties. The City of Titusville Parks Department maintains facilities B at City-owned sites and at the private and industrial areas used for leisure I programs. 8 The Ti tusvil 1 e Lei sure Services Board a1 so programs for two playgrounds outside of Titusville but still within the area of the School District. One is 8 located in Hydetown and the other in Pleasantville. I The existing facilities are as in the following table. 8 1 I s I 8 1 1 155 8 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN t COMMUNITY FACILITIES TABLE # 43 TITUSVILLE LEISURE SERVICES BOARD I LAND RESOURCES OF THE SYSTEM Community School Private & t Owned Owned I ndus tri a1 I P1 aygrounds Longway Park 1.50 Sunset Heights 2.50 I Roberts Gove 2.88 Southsi de 0.5 Hydetown (borough owned) 2.50 Pleasantvi 1le (borough owned) 4.00 4.00 Parks Burgess Park West 10.792 East 10.918 Schei de 1.517 Other Areas Carter Field 4.85 Cyclops Field - Knee Hi 1.38 New Cyclops - Art Pearson 17.20 V.F.W. Field 5.17 Gates (Water Works) 4.50 Climax Street 2.70 High School Parking Lot 1 .oo Total Community Acreage 36.007 Total School Acreage 15.52 Total Pri vate & Industri a1 Acreage 25.78 Total Combined Acreage Used For Recreation 77.307 2/ 18/81 The following table is a listing of equipment and supplies provided by the Board. 156 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES TABLE # 44 TITUSVILLE LEISURE SERVICES BOARD EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES Recreation Center P1 aygrounds Card Tables and chairs Arts & Crafts: Games cont. : Banquet tabl es Basketry & weaving Pogo sticks Pi anos Beadcraf t Table tennis Record player Woodcraft Pickup sticks Tape recorder Papercraf t Quoits Table games & supplies Coppercraft Tetherball Table tennis Wood & soap carving Tug -0f -wa r ropes Pool tables Models Sti 1 ts Toboggans Pai nti ng Shuffleboard Mask maki ng Park Go1 f cage Puppetry' ~ Television P1 as ter cas ti ng Benches Pub1 i c address sys tern Scrapcraf t Pi.cni c tabl es Complete ki tchen Fi repl aces Games : Picnic she1ters Off i ce Baseballs & bats Softballs & bats Lodge Stationery supplies Scoopballs Files and records Playground ball s Complete ki tchen Desks and typewriter Basketballs Cleaning equipment Awards & certificates Bounceballs Banquet tabl es Rules & regulations Footballs Fi repl ace wood First aid kits Whiffleballs & bats Rest rooms Stop watches, whi s tl es Bongo boards Bandball s Mai ntenance Box hockey Bean bags Gardening tools Badminton Firewood Table games Gas & oil Croquet Truck & tractor Deck tennis Fencing Frisbees C1 eani ng equi pment Horseshoes Handball Sports & equipment Voll eyball Indian Clubs Footballs Jacks Tennis rackets & balls Jump ropes Shuffleboard apparatus Olympic sticks & rings Baseball equi pment Rubber rings 157 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN . COMMUNITY FAC I LIT I ES The broadening of the School District necessitated some new program require- ments. The Leisure Services Board now provides services for area residents to some extent by offering part-time programming at three (3) elementary school sites and two (2) adjoining municipal areas. Present programs include social recreation, a variety of year-round sports and exercise programs, music and dramatics, playground programs, year-round indoor and outdoor swimming programs, special community events; adult education, recreation,evening activities and c1asses;and use of areas and buildings for picnics, etc. The Leisure Services Board should cont nue to expand program activity services slowly, as the need arises. Requirements for Recreational Facilities The following table presents the requirements for recreational activities for Titusville in the year 2000. TABLE # 45 RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES REQUIREMENTS* YEAR 2000 CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY Acres Per Year 2000 Type of Area 1,000 Population Requ i remen t P1 aygrounds 1.5 11.3 acres Nei g hbor hood Parks 2.0 15.1 acres P1 ayf i el ds 1.5 11.3 acres Community Parks -3.5 26.4 acres To tal 8.5 64.1 acres *Requirements are based on a year 2000 population of 7,556 for the City of Titusville. SOURCE OF STANDARDS: Urban Planning and Design by Dechiara and Koppelman. 158 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES Adjusting the current acreage (77.307) listed as available to the Leisure Services Board for recreation by the acreage (10.5) located outside of the City, leaves a current acreage total of 66.807 acres available for recreational uses. This total is slightly more than the 64.1 acres required for the year 2000. Approximately one-third (1/3) of the land currently available for recrea- 1 tional uses is privately owned. The Cyclops Field is leased on a yearly basis at $l.OO/year. Under the provisions of this agreement, Cyclops would give the I Board one year's notice if the property would no longer be available. The Gates I Field is currently under a five-year lease at $lOO.OO/year. It is leased from private individuals. The use of other privately owned properties is not under 4 written agreements or 1eases. I As there are no agreements, future use of the privately-owned properties is in possible jeopardy. Efforts should be made to get agreements or to purchase properties or options on them to help guarantee future use. The acreage require- 8 ment for the year 2000 may be difficult to meet if any of the privately-owned acreage is no longer available. Because Titusville has very little unused land I' suitable for recreational uses and because available land is used for commerce and industry, it may be necessary to consider the entire area of the school dis- 1 trict instead of just the City of Titusville. Facilities could be provided outside of the City but still within the School District. 8 Standards set for district and regional parks are easily met by Oil Creek State Park and other nearby State and National Parks and Forests. 8 159 8 1. Longway Park 2. Sunset Heights I 3. Robert Grove 4. Southside Playground 5. Burgess Park I 6. Scheide Park 7. Carter Field 8. Cyclops Field I 9. V.F.W. Field 10. New Cyclops Field prepared by NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INC 0 t TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES I Recommendations t The most important consideration and number one priority during the 1980's 1 is to continually improve the maintenance program of the Recreation and Park facilities, buildings, and areas within the City and School District. P The following expansions should be considered in the 1980's: I A. Finish the construction and development of the new Cyclops Ballfield area (Art Pearson Field), with the mu1 tiple-use planned exercise fitness stations and cross-country running and skiing trail. This should be tied into the Oil Creek State Park facil ity for bikers, hikers, runners, and cross country ski enthusiasts. B. The Leisure Services Board should support construction of a bi ke-hi ke trail which would lead from the central business district to a point connecting with the Oil Creek State Park. C. A portion of the new acreage of the Pearson Field should be set aside for community gardens. This garden area could be plowed and cultivated and rented at a minimal fee to Titusville citizens, if possible. D. The feasibility of establishing a neighborhood recreational area on Titusville's north side should be investigated, since subdivision develop- ments in the C1 imax-Overlook Drive area will increase population concen- trations in that section of the City. E. The Leisure Services Board should investigate the feasibility of establishing a recreational area to the west of Smock Boulevard on Titusville's south side. Existing playground facilities are located on the east side of Smock Boulevard only. Because of its width and heavy traffic flow, the Boulevard acts as an access barrier which makes it difficult for children to safely reach recreational facil ities. F. Now that the South Side School is abandoned, the building should be removed and a neighborhood fenced playground should be constructed in cooperation with the appointed South Side Interest Committee, and City and School officials. G. The Senior Citizens use of the Recreation Community Center has grown and if this interest continues the feasibility of adding an additional room should be considered, pending funding. H. At the Sunset Heights area,fencing shouldbe provided around the tennis court and the landscaping sh'ould be improved. 160 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACI LIT1 ES The follow ng renovations and/or reconstri ctions should be considered in the 1980's: A. The Commun ty Recreation Center at Burgess Park should be sided. B. Remove and replace the toboggan chute 1 ights. C. Remove and reconstruct the East Spruce Street picnic shelters at Burgess Park. D. Reconstruct the two year old Burgess Park tennis court area south of the Dick Kraffert Pool. E. Update the apparatus, ballfield' backstops and outdoor equipment on the park areas as needed. A1s.o the Leisure Services Board and City of Titusville should assure proper care and replacement of trees and greenery on City properties. In planning for all expansions and renovations, the handicapped must be considered. In Pennsylvania, one person in every eight (8) households is physically or emotionally handicapped. Surveys taken for Pennsylvania's Recre- ation Plan indicate that ninety percent (90%) of the handicapped prefer to participate with the general public. Factors which limit this participation are: architectural or physical barriers, social barriers (attitudes & prejudices of non-disabled persons), transportation difficulties, and fees and costs. Partici- pation by the handicapped can be increased by offering a greater variety and number of opportunities, removing barriers, organizing outings, providing or encouraging group transportation and reduced rates for transportation , and ar- ranging reduced rates at events. The continued success and existence of the recreational facilities and . programs ace highly dependent upon the finances of the City and the School 161 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES District. Construction and renovations are capital expenditures which require long-range planning. Planning for recreational facil ities should be done in five-year periods with a twenty-year cycle of four (4) periods considered. Long- range plans should be updated each year. Operation and maintenance also require substantial expenditures. The costs are affected by the general wear-and-tear natural to facilities being used, and by vandalism. Of prime importance when planning for future recreational opportunities is the preservation of land in open space. Efforts may have to be made at the present time or in the near future to obtain open-space land where future re- creational opportunities are threatened by other development. Developers of subdivisions and other developments may be required to provide open space or recreational space within their developments. Abandoned or under-uti1 ized a1 leys can be converted to block parks. Floodplains and abandoned railroad rights-of- ways can be used for some types of recreational facilities and/or activities. Success is also dependent upon location of facilities (close to users, noise created) variety of facilities, safety of users, most effective uti1 ization (hours/day, months/year) , citizen participation in planning, programs offered, and the cost to the users. In providing the taxpayers with a good Leisure Services program and extended use of City and School facilities, a renewed and continued understanding of the joint effort and cooperative responsibilities of both the City of Titusville and the School District of Titusville is always needed and should be continued. The City/School strategy of combining the physical, financial , and human resources to A supply leisure time activities, has worked well and has been beneficial to the area residents. 162 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACI LIT1ES TITUSVILLE AIRPORT The Titusville Airport is owned by the City of Titusville. It is located approximately three and one-half (3-1/2) miles southwest of the City on Penn- sylvania Route 27. Due to the location of the airport, the airport property is intersected by the Crawford County-Venango County line, thus, the airport runway and facil ities are located completely within Cherrytree Township, Venango County. The two hundred twenty (220) acre site is located at an elevation of 1,599.00 feet above sea level, with an ,exact location of north latitude 41O36'32" and west longitude 79044'30". The Titusville Airport was initially put into service in 1930. It was a privately owned sod strip and provided little more than landing and takeoff facilities for the bi-planes of that time. The facility was used basically for barnstorming and very limited charter service. Over time, the facility was abandoned and not reopened until 1946. At that time, Ed Vogel reopened the air strip and after limited improvement utilized the strip for GI Bill instruction and limited charter service. In 1951 the air strip was purchased by Curtis McKinney and was utilized by local aircraft owners and provided limited charter service. In 1965 the Titusville Airport was given to the City of Titusville by Curtis McKinney to become an operational public facility. Since that time, the Titusville Airport has gone through a series of five (5) upgrading projects. Project No. 1, awarded for contract in October of 1965, included the installation of an eight foot (8') wind cone, medium intensity lighting system, runway and taxiway widening, segmented circle marking, and the construction of a paved three thousand two hundred feet (3,200) by fifty feet (50) runway with 163 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES stub taxiway and the construction of an apron and access road. This project was finished in September of 1967 at a cost of $198,909.76. Project No. 2, which provided for extending and widening the runway ho seventy-five feet (75') byfour thousand nine hundred feet (4,900'), a paved auto-traffic circle and taxiway extensions to the public hangar area, was com- pleted in 1970 at a cost of $190,519.54. Project No. 3, which was an -amendment to Project No. 2, consisted of the completion of an apron extension. This project was also completed in 1970. Project No. 4, which provided additional hangar facilities in the FBO area, was in response to a request by Mr. Lewis McKinney to provide facilities for the McKinney Complex. Project No. 5, which provided for runway, taxiway and apron overlay for the complete four thousand nine hundred foot (4,900') runway and basic utility marking, was completed at a cost of $261,000.00 in 1975. Pursuant to the Airport and Airways Development Act of 1970, the City of Titusville authorized submission of an application for an Airport Master Planning Grant for the Titusville Airport at a total cost of $15,610.00. On September 27, 1974, FAA made a grant offer to the City of Titusville for the Titusville Airport Master Plan in the amount of $10,406.66. This grant offer was accepted 8 by the City and FAA submitted a release to proceed with the Master Plan on November 27, 1974. I 8 164 1 .. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN COMMUNITY FAC I L IT1 ES The Master Plan for the Titusville Airport was completed in November, 1975. The -Plan presented an inventory of airport services, facilities, and users as of the date of the -Plan; a forecast of aviation demand for the future; an analysis of the impact of the forecasted demand on the facil ity; and proposed development plans to meet forecasted needs to be accomplished in three phases. The reader is referred to the Master Plan for detailed description of the proposed development plans, which include proposals to provide facilities such as a crosswind runway, administration building, fuel facilities, VAS1 (visual approach slope guidance information) for day and night flight, etc. TO date, use of the Titusville Airport has-not been significant enough to warrant an active program towards meeting the timetable for development. Should usage increase, the recommendations of the Master Plan should be implemented. Initial development will mostly require sizeable municipal and private investment as the FAA would want to significant increases in airport activity before assisting in the financing of future development. 165 Public U'tilities PUBLIC UTILITIES INTRODUCTION 166 WATER FACILITIES 167 WATER SUPPLY 167 WATER TREATMENT 167 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 168 STORAGE 170 WATER LOSS. 170 FUTURE NEEDS 170 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDAT1 0 NS 171 SEWAGE FACILITIES 172 TREATMENT SYSTEM 172 COLLECTION SYSTEM 173 FUTURE NEEDS 174 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS 175 STORMWATER FACILITIES AND MANAGEMENT 176 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 178 HISTORY 178 ANALYSIS OF EXISTING MANAGEMENT 179 RECOMMENDATIONS 181 OTHER UTILITIES 182 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN t PUBLIC UTILITIES 8 1 INTRODUCTION To a large degree, future development patterns and proper land use planning 8 depend on the availability of public utilities. This element s intended to address matters relevent to the public utility services in the City of Titusville. 8 There are two (2) aspects of the public utility system in the City of Titusville I which relate directly to the age of the City. Titusville is a relatively old and long-established municipality and, therefore, much of its utility system is 1 also old. This is particularly true of its underground piping for water and sewer service. In addition because of the age of the community and the age of I its public utility system, almost all of the residents are served with all of I the utilities. Over the years, as the community has grown, additional facilities have been added so that presently there are only a few minor instances in which I there are unserved installations or installations which are partially served by 8 the various public utility systems. 1 1 I I I I . 166 1 .. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES WATER FACILITIES The water production, treatment, distribution, and storage facilities of the City of Titusville have been thoroughly studied by the Chester Engineers, and the results of their studies have been presented to the City in two recent reports, dated 1974 and 1980. This Comprehensive Plan update will not include extensive detailed discussions of tems which appear in more detail n the Chester Engi neers' reports. Readers are referred to those reports for additional detail as they may require. Water Supply Water for use by the City of Titusville is provided from ten (10) shallow wells in a well field adjacent to the water plant. The quality of the water is quite good. The quantity of water available from the well field was estimated at approximately twenty million (20,000,000) gallons a day on the basis of a limited aquifer test which was conducted in March, 1974. This would appear to be sufficient for meeting all of Titusville's present and future needs, although the Chester Engineers are recommending a more extensive detailed investigation in order to determine more accurately the quantity of water which could be fur- nished by the well field. They also recommend the drilling of additional wells. Water Treatment Because of the high quality of the groundwater obtained from the well field, the only treatment required for the Titusville water system is chlorination for disinfection. The existing Titusville water plant is, therefore, essentially a 167 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES 1 pump station. The existing pumps have rated capacities of 1,950 gallons per I minute, 1,450 gallons per minute, and 875 gallons per minute against a total I dynamic head of 325 feet. The pumps discharge to a single transmission main that conveys the finished water from the water treatment plant to the two I million (2,000,000) gallon Petroleum Street Reservoir located at the opposite I side of the City. The operation of the three (3) pumps is automatically controlled by the water level in the reservoir through telemetering equipment. Present ‘I average daily pumping is about four million (4,000,000) gallons a day. Maximum daily pumping has been recorded as 4.894 million gallons which occurred on 8 February 13, 1977. The water treatment plant is currently operating at very U near the actual capacity of existing facilities on the present mode of operation. The existing facilities are not capable of meeting the projected average and 8 minimum daily water demands for the year 2000. In order to adequately meet the future needs of the existing service area, the Chester Engineers are recommending I that the treatment plant facilities be modified, expanded, or replaced. They I are projecting that the average daily demands by the year 2000 will be 5.18 million gallons a day and the maximum daily demand will be 7.12 million gallons a day. I Distribution System 1 The Titusville distribution system may be classified as a combination of I both grid and branching systems. The configuration of this system has been dictated primarily by street patterns as well as degree and type of development. 1 The distribution system is composed of approximately 33.7 miles of water mains U which are categorized as follows: m n 168 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES TABLE # 46 TITUSVILLE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM I Pipe Diameter Length Percent of (in.) (ft.1 Total Length 1 16 1,700 1.0 15 1,600 0.9 12 20 ,000 11.2 I 10 4,100 2.3 8 18 ,300 10.3 6 54 ,250 30.4 5 11,200 6.3 I 4 44,800 25.1 3 1,250 0.7 2 & smaller 20,950 11.8 8 TOTAL = 178,150 feet = 33.7 miles 1 Reinforcing mains of twelve-(12), ten-(10) , eight-(8), and six-(6) inch diameter were constructed in 1963 to reinforce the system. Much of the original system is composed of old pipe dating back to the turn of the century. The 1 water treatment plant pump station pumps directly to a two million (2,000,000) gallon reservoir through a combination of twelve-inch (12") and sixteen-inch 1 (16") line and does not pump directly into the system. This scheme requires a 8 far greater pumping head and future water demands will cause this scheme to be inadequate. Investigation of the hydraulics of the distribution system was made by the Insurance Services Office in June, 1977. The results of this investigation gave the water supply system a rather high rating although the overall rating 1 provided by the Insurance Services Office was class 5, with a total of 2,187 I points of deficiency. Over half of these deficiency points, however, were al- located to the Fire Department which is a matter discussed in the Community Facilities Element. A drawing of the distribution system is included with this Comprehensive Plan as Map Q. I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES Storaqe Distribution system storage is provided by a two million (2,000,000) gallon standpipe near Petroleum Street, a five hundred thousand (500,000) gallon stand- pipe near Climax Drive, and a one hundred thousand (100,000) gallon elevated tank near Dillon Drive. The Dillon Drive tank is in very badly deteriorated condition; and it has been recommended that it be abandoned. Water Loss The 1980 report of the Chester Engineers contained considerable discussion of the sizeable, unaccounted-for water in the Ti tusville system. The estimated loss is forty-six percent (46%) of total purnpage. This represents a tremendous volume of lost water. Since this lost water is also water which has been pro- cessed, the costs of processing are never recovered by revenues and, therefore, a substantial economic loss is incurred. A detailed discussion of this matter is contained in the 1980 Chester Engineerg report and several recommendations are made in relation to it. These recommendations should receive urgent attention particularly in view of the rapidly escalating costs of water production. 8 Future Needs 1 The Titusville water system will need considerable upgrading in order to -1 meet the projected water needs over the years ahead. These needs include new distribution system piping, new storage, the development of new or additional a sources, and increased pumping capacity. These needs are discussed in detail in the Chester Engineers' reports where various a1 ternatives are studied and cost analyses performed in order to select the most cost-effective means of meeting future needs. The reader is referred to these studies for more detail in this - matter. 170 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES Summary of Recommendations The Chester Engineers in their report dated October, 1980, make several 8 recommendations in relation to the Titusville Water System. They recommend an imediate program for the expansion and improvement of the treatment plant, and I construction of a transmission main from the Climax Street pressure district to 1 the Sunset Heights pressure district. In addition they recommend that the City attempt to make a more definite projection of future water demands by contacting I industries to obtain their individual projections for the future. In view of the I high amount of unaccounted-for water, the Chester Engineers recommend a Compre- hensive Leak Detection Survey and,in order to provide a better understanding of I the ability of the system to produce and distribute water, they also recommend a detailed aquifer test in the existing well field and a complete hydraulic 1 analysis of the distribution system. The readers are referred to this report , 8 for a detailed explanation of these recommendations. 1 1 I I I 1 1 171 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES SEWAGE FACILITIES The Titusville sewage collection and treatment system is owned by the City and operated by the Department of Public Works. Sewage service is provided to the entire city with several minor exceptions. There are some unserved areas between Perry Street and Trout Run Road and in several other minor locations as shown on Map R. There are also several rural residences outside the City which are connected to the City's system. This system was initially put into operation in 1871. By 1885 there were approximately three (3) miles of combined sewers. These sewers drained directly into Oil Creek without any treatment. Much of the present existing system is a separate sanitary system where stormwater is excluded from the sanitary sewer collection mains, but there.. are many remaining areas where the system receives both sanitary sewage and stormwater runoff so that inflow is a significant problem during wet weather. Treatment System The sewage treatment plant is located in the southeastern portion of the City where the plant effluent can be discharged directly to Oil Creek. The plant was constructed in about 1957 and is designed for primary treatment. Under normal operating conditions it will remove from thirty to fifty percent (30%-50%) of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand of the influent raw sewage. The liquid effluent is I chlorinated before discharge and the solids which are removed are digested in anaerobi c di ges ters.. The permitted capacity of the plant is 2.5 mi 11 ion gal 1ons I per day. Present plant loadings average 2.5 to 3.0 million gallons per day with I peak loadings ranging up to five million (5,000,000) gallons per day. I 172 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES Present plant loadings together with new state and federal requirements are making it necessary to look forward to upgrading the Titusville treatment plant facilities. This is discussed further in this section under the subheading Future Needs. Collection System The Titusville collection system began as a combined system in which both stormwater and sanitary sewerage were conveyed in the same pipes to Oil Creek. New parts of the system were subsequently separated so that the s'ani tary sewage collection system was a separate system. This system is quite old, however, and is composed of pipes of various types, sizes, and ages, and it still includes some stormwater connect ons. Because of the age of the system, there are con- siderable infiltration problems due to the type of pipe, and particularly the type of joints used with the older pipe in the system. A tabulation of the pipe in the Titusville collection system has been made by the Crawford County Planning Commission, and is presented as follows: TABLE # 47 CITY OF TITUSVILLE SEWER LINES LINEAR FEET BY SIZE OF LINE Size of Line Linear Feet 6 I' 17,355 8 I' 38,245 9 I' 25 225 10" 2,245 12" 21,310 15" 10,565 18" 5 000 20" 4,410 24" 14 ,035 48" 4 ,050 TOTAL = 142,440 feet = 26.97 miles 173 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES I A map of the collection system ,,as been prepared for this Comprehensive Plan Update and it is ncluded as Map R . I There is one lift station in the Titusville collection system, located on I Allen Street. It was constructed in 1978 and is provided with two seventy-five (75) gallons per minute submersible pumps. These pumps are controlled by the I sewage 1 eve1 in the wet we1 1. 1 Future Needs 1 Both the treatment facilities and the collection system are in need of updating and renovation. Since the treatment system is presently receiving 1 loads in excess of both its permitted capacity and its actual ability to treat I the incoming sewage, the plant capacity requires increasing. Increased treatment plant capacity is also necessary if the plant is to accommodate the projected 1 growth in the City up, through, and beyond the year 2000. In addition to increased capacity, the plant should be upgraded in respect to the type of treat- I ment and the amount of pollutants removed during the treatment process. New I Federal and State legislation presently require facilities similar to Titusville's to remove at least eighty-five percent (85%) of the pollutants in the sewage I stream. This will require that the plant treatment process be modified and that 1 additional units be built in order to obtain these higher removal levels. The collection system requires study and rehabilitation in order to eliminate I a major portion of the infiltration and inflow which is occurring due to direct I connections of storm sewers and leaking joints in much of the old types of pipe. A successful infil tration/inflow removal program could result in a substantial I I 174 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ’. PUBLIC UTILITIES I I reduction in the amount of flow reaching the plant, and would therefore, reduce the size of plant to be constructed. I A present effort is underway to obtain Step I funding for a Step I Plan. I This Plan would encompass the City of Titusville and also some of the surrounding communi ties in order to determine the cost-effectiveness of constructing a I Titusville plant of sufficient capacity to serve as a regional system accommodating I several of the areas surrounding Titusville. Step I funding applications are being prepared for Fiscal 1981 which would lead to construction some time after I 1990 depending upon the speed with which the study work could be completed and I also depending upon how rapidly the grant agencies act. I Summary.. of Recommendations In view of the high infiltration/inflow presently being experienced by the I City of Titusville, together with the fact that present plant flows exceed the I permitted capacity of the treatment plant, it is recommended that the City take steps as necessary to proceed with a Step I Facility Plan. The aim of this plan I should be directed toward attempting to determine the sources of the infiltration/ inflow so that is can be reduced. In addition, the Step I Facility Plan I should explore the feasibility of including surrounding municipalities in a I regional project to enlarge and rehabilitate the Titusville treatment plant in order to provide the type and degree of treatment presently mandated for the City I and the surrounding area. Since the DER/EPA process requires a considerable time span to proceed through the various steps involved, it is urgent that the process I be begun with the Step I Facility Plan procedures as soon as is practical in order I to have the facilities in operation and serving to meet the needs of the communities at the earliest possible time. I 175 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I PUBLIC UTILITIES I STORMWATER FACILITIES AND MANAGEMENT Within the City of Titusville, there are no major flooding problems. .I However, there are several minor areas where, during' excessive rainfall or the rapid melting of snow combined with rainfall in the Spring, minor flooding occurs I over several driveways and along streets. Normally this minor flooding has c a duration of only thirty to sixty (30-60) minutes. One such area which has experienced this type of minor flooding is the Chestnut Street area. This I problem is currently in the process of being resolved through certain construction activities which are taking place under the Climax Street project. The Climax i Street Development activities include the rechanneling of water from approximately I sixteen (16) acres of watershed area which prior to the development found its way to the Chestnut Street area. The other minor problems are contained within I currently developed areas where future development will not occur, and therefore, the situation will not worsen. The Public Works Department of the City works I annually on solutions to the stormwater problems where financial resources are I available and facility corrections are feasible. I As discussed in the Sewer Collection System Section of this element, study and subsequently construction activities need to be undertaken to separate the I storm and sanitary sewers. These storm sewer connections are generally found in the older portions of the sanitary sewer system and account for a portion of the I high level of infil tration/inflow occurring in the sanitary sewer system. I The Pennsylvania General Assembly enacted the Pennsylvania Stormwa er I Management Act, PL-864, Act 167 on October 4, 1978, in effort to deal w th problems of stormwater runoff which has increased as the development of land has I occurred within the Commonwealth. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental I 176 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I PUBLIC UTILITIES Resources has prepared drafted guidelines to imp1 ment the law. The guidelines '~I establish administrative procedures and technical recommendations in order to implement stormwater management planning. The guide1 ines confer responsi bil i ty 1 of the act to county government and obligate minor civil divisions to implement the criteria and standards developed in each stormwater plan. It is the recom- I mendation of this Plan that the City support the planning efforts to be under- taken by the County in developing a Stormwater Management Plan for the watershed I in which the City of Titusville is located, and that proper representation be I insured for the City in the creation of watershed committees. Future development within the City should be geared toward implementing the results of the Storm- I water Management Plan. The City should also work very closely with the County in preparing the first phase of the Stormwater Manasement Plan, which would be the I submission of a scope of study. This scope of study will delineate the work I items to be included in the Stormwater Management Plan and should include the areas of importance to the City in order to facilitate approval and adoption of I the final Stormwater Management Plan by the City. Future development within the proposed Development Plan contained in this Comprehensive Plan will undoubtedly a require commitments by the developer to install proper storm drainage facilities 1 in order to maintain stormwater runoff at the rate of predevelopment flows. I I I I I 177 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Hi story During the early 1970's many northwestern. Pennsylvania counties were preparing county solid waste management plans as required by the then State Act 241. Titusville never participated in the Crawford County Solid Waste Management Planning activities due to logistical considerations. Venango County, which is located generally south from the City of Titusville and borders the City in that direction has also planned its solid daste management activities. Neither the Crawford County nor the Venango County Plan has been implemented. For numerous reasons the management structure recommended by the Venango County Plan was not formed. However, since an acute problem did exist in the cities of Franklin and Oil City in Venango County and Titus'ville in Crawford County, the Tri-City-County Solid Waste Authority was formed by these cities and the Couhty together with a representative from the other Venango County municipalities which were mandated to plan by Act 241 and by a representative from the non-mandated Venango County municipalities. Since both the Venango County Plan and the Crawford County Plan recommended disposal of solid waste by the landfill method, the Authority performed extensive landfill site searches in Venango County which culminated with the selection of a proposed site in Cherrytree Township, Venango County. This site was located within a ten (10) mile radius of Titusville. On-site work began with soil and geologic exploration by drilling. During the period when the drilling was done, a large public body from the Cherrytree 178 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES Township area violently and physically opposed developing a landf 11 s te in the Township. The pressure on the drilling contractor and the Authority was so intense that the site was abandoned and since that time no serious effort has been made to provide a municipally-owned site available to all of Venango County and the City of Titusville. Public attitude since that time has, of course, become even more anti-landfill and it may be expected that opposition would be met should providing this critical public service again become a priority. Since that time, Titusville has received waste disposal services from various private firms. The firm that is successful in receiving the City waste collection contract is required to provide disposal for that waste. - Currently, waste is collected by Aardvark & Associates, Meadville, Pennsylvania who transport the waste into Kinnear, Farmington Township, Clarion County, approximately thirty-five (35) miles southeast of Titusville. The cost of disposal is borne by the waste collector and this cost is not segregated from the collection fees paid by City residents. Analysis of Existing Management Solid waste management is comprised of two separate and distinct services which are solid waste collection and disposal. Therefore, both activities must be managed either individually or as a joint service. The most pronounced problem with the current type of waste disposal arrange- ment is that the municipality, Titusville in this instance, has no control of the disposal area and could, therefore, be prohibited access to a site. Another 179 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN PUBLIC UTILITIES less pronounced problem is that usually, under such a circumstance, the firm E which controls the disposal area has a competitive bidding advantage with regard to waste collection. Municipalities in many instances pay a premium for collec- 0 tion due to these circumstances. However, in Titusville, under the present I collection contract, the firm responsible for disposal does not have the collec- tion contract. t The residential waste collection services presently being offered the City e appear to be adequate, i.e. meet the minimum requirements of the Department of Environmental Resources (DER) and serve the needs of the community. Use of R the refuse collect on service is mandated by City ordinance at a min mum of one I time per week; and selection of a collection contractor is done on a competitive bid basis. I Under the present residential solid waste contract each resident is permitted I the disposal of three (3) twenty (20) gallon bags of refuse each week and the collection point must be within one hundred fifty (150) feet of the curb. In e addition, the equivalent of one (1) twenty (20) gallon bag can be placed at the curb for collection. The collection contractor is paid $6.25 per month’for this E residential service and the City, who is responsible for the billing of the service, adds an additional $. 50 per month for administrative costs. Commercial customers also pay the $6.75 per month cost for similar service and negotiate rates for bulk container service. A municipality can expect to pay a premium for waste collection not made at the curb. Collections from curb s de are very common at this time since a savings can be realized. The City has the alternative of modi fyi ng the col 1ecti on requirements at the end of each contract term and this a1 ows flexibility in the service offered. 180 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 PUBLIC UTILITIES 3 Recommendations It is recommended that collection services be continued by private firms on a competitive bid basis so long as the City is satisfied with the standard 0 of service being offered; punctuality of collection is consistent with the con- tract, and the cost to the City remains reasonable. a It is also recommended that should Venango County again attempt to implement its plan, the City participate in its implementation. The implementation period could easily extend over a five-to-six year period. 3 1 1 1 h # .) a .I E a 1 181 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN '.. PUBLIC UTILITIES OTHER UTILITIES Other utilities provided to City residents consist'of natural gas, electric, telephone, and cable television. Natural gas is provided by National Fuel Gas Company and electric service is provided by Pennsylvania Electric Company. Tele- phone service is provided by General Telephone Company of Pennsylvania; and two companies provide .cable television: Titusville Cable TV, Inc., Southside Cable Company and Master Antenna Television Corporation. All of the above public utilities generally provide service to all the developed areas of the City. Extensions of those services can be provided to the undeveloped and developable areas of the City upon request. I I E 1 1 182 1 Housing HOUSING HOUSING PROFILE 1.83 NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS 191 PUBLIC AND ASSISTED HOUSING AND OTHER HOUSING PROGRAMS 195 VACANCY RATE 198 HOUSING NEEDS AND DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSING 201 . .. ’ GENERAL BACKGROUND 201 NE14 CONSTRUCTION UNITS REQUIRED 203 REPLACEMENT HOUSING UNIT NEED 20 3 HOUSING UNITS NEEDED TO PROVIDE AN APPROPRIATE VACANCY RATE 204 TOTAL HOUSING NEEDS TO YEAR 2000 204 TOTAL HOUSING NEEDS BY INCOME 205 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN .. . .__._...... __...... - . .. _...... - . - ... . .~ HOUSING PROFILE The housing stock in the City of Titusville is relatively old with approxi- mately 76.8% of the housing units having been built prior to 1939. TABLE # 48 AGE OF HOUSING STOCK CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY Year Structure Number of Percentage Built Units Built of Total ' 1939 or earl ier 2,267 76.8% 1940 - 1949 143 4.8% 1950 - 1959 134 4.5% 1960 - 1969 69 2.3% 1970 - 1980 341 11.6% Total Units Built 2 ,954* , 100.0% SOURCE: U. S. Census, 1970-1980 Building Permits, Titusville Building and Zoning Office The period of 1940 - 1969 was a period of moderate building activity for the City. The last ten (10) years, 1970 - 1980, have seen a surge of building activity. As will be seen later, this building activity is primarily due to the various community development and housing programs undertaken by the City since 'I 1970. . Although the population of Titusville has been decreasing over the past ~I three (3) decades, the need to provide additional housing units has remained due 1 to decreasing household sizes. Household size is defined as persons per housebld. The national trend has been towards decreased household sizes as more one-person I *This total represents total units built over the years and not total units presently in the City. To determine total units in the City, the total units built (2,954) should be reduced by the units demolished since 1970 (203) for 4 total units in the City (2,751). I 183 TITUSVILLE COMP.REHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING households are being formed in both the young adult and elderly populations; and married couples either wait longer to begin families, have fewer children, or decide on no children at all. A review of past population and housing unit growth changes since 1940 (See Table # 49 ) shows a fairly steady growth in housing units between 1940 and 1960 to accommodate the population growth of 1940 to 1950. The decade between 1960 and 1970 required a slight growth in housing units in the face of a significant drop in population, 12.2%, for the same ten (10)-year period due to the decline in household size. The years 1970 to 1980 saw both household size and city population reduced again with an increase in housing units comparable to the 1950 to 1960 growth rate. This most recent housing unit growth is due somewhat to the decline in household size, but most likely primarily due, again to the housing programs of the City, which are discussed later. TABLE # 49 POPULATION & HOUSING GROWTH CHANGES CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1940 - 1980 Household Population Housing Units Size --Year # % Change t: % Change (persons/househol d) 1940 8,126 2 ,267 3.58 1950 8,923 + 9.8% 2,410 +6.3% 3.70 1960 8,356 -_6.4% 2,544 +5.6% 3.28 1970 7,331 -12.2% 2,613 +2.7% 2.80 1980 6,811 - 7.1% 2,751* +5.3% 2.48 *Total housing units calculated by taking 1969 housing units, adding the number of units built in 1970-1980, and subtracting the number of units demolished in 1970 - 1980. SOURCE: U.S. Census, 1970-1980 Building & Demolition Permits, Titusville Building & Zoning Office 184 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING A review of building and demolition permits issued by the Titusville Building and Zoning Office shows the vast majority of the new units in the City over the past ten (10) years have been multi-family units. (See Table # 50) TABLE # 50 BUILDING & DEMOLITION PERMITS ISSUED CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1970 - 1980 Building Permits Mu1 it- Total Single Fami 1y Total Total Ave. SF Ave. Year Fami 1y (Units) Units Val ue Value Value 1970 0 4 (84) 84 $ 470,180+ - 0- $ 5,597 1971 2 0 2 31,756 $15,876 15 ,878 1972 1 1 (97) 98 1,391 ,000 28 ,750 14 ,340 1973 1 0 1 24 ,387 24 ,387 24 ,387 1974 5 0 5 248 ,289 29 ,638 29 ,638 1975 0 0 0 - 0- - 0- - 0- 1976 3 0 3 115,000 38 ,333 38 ,333 1977 7 0 7 401, 600 57,371 57,371 1978 5 4 (17) 22 228 ,000 34 ,000 10 ,364 1979 3 1 (65) 68 1,621 ,000 24 ,333 23 ,838 1980 -4 2 (47) -51 1,513,000 38,750 29,667 Tota s 31 12 (310) 341 $6,044 ,212 $40 ,251 $17,725 Demo1 i tion Permits Mu1 ti- Sing1 e Fami l y Total Net Year Fami 1y (Units) Units Gai n/Los s 1970 5 11 73 1971 44 116 -114 1972 3 12 86 1973 11 34 - 33 1974 1 .. 5 0 1975 3 0 3 -3 1976 1 0 1 2 1977 6 8 -1 1978 6 6 16 1979 1 0 1 67 1980 -6 0 -6 45 Totals 87 27 (116) 203 138 SOURCE: Titusville Building & Zoning Office, 1970-1980 Building & Demo i tion Permits 185 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING Adjusting for demo1 i tions, mu1 ti-family units’have increased approximately twenty-five percent (25%) since 1970, while single family residences have de- creased approximately 3.1%. (See Table # 51.) TABLE # 51 HOUSING UNITS BY BUILDING TYPE CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1970 - 1980 1970 - 1980 1970 1980 Change Building Type # % of Total # % of Total # % Change Single Family 1,832 70.1% 1,776 64.6% - 56 - 3.1% Mu1 ti-Family 781 29.9% 97 5 35.4% +194 +24.8% Total 2 ,613 100.0% 2,751 100.0% +138 + 5.3% SOURCE: U.S. Census, 1970 - 1980 Building & Demolition Permits, Titusville Building and Zoning Office . .. The following is a listing of the larger multi-family housing complexes found in the City of Titusville as of the writing of this report: I. Private Market 1. Bernwood Apts., 509 West Central Ave. 8 units 2. Golfview Manor (Drake Village), Highland Drive 48 units and Skyview Drive--24 units/building x 2 buildings 3. Poux Apts., 118 West Main Street 6 units 11. Public Housing--Managed by Housing Authority 1. Schwartz Lane Family Housing 22 units 2. Spruce Street Family Housing 27 units 3. Jones Street/South Street Family Housing 11 units 4. Central Towers (East Central Ave. ). Housing 96 units for the Elderly 5. Billie Brown Building (Water St.) Housing 65 units for the Elderly 111. Federally Assisted Housing 1. Titusville Manor Garden Apts. (Climax St.) 47 units joint funding by FmHA/PHFA--under construction Total 330 units 186 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ' HOUSING All other multi-family housing are under six (6) units, generally four (4) units, duplexes or single family houses converted into two (2) or three (3) apartments. ' With an increase in multi-family housing it is logical that the past ten (10) years have seen an increase in the number of renter-occupied units. All multi- family housing units built since 1969 are rental units. Adding these units to the 1969 rental units, both occupied and vacant, and subtracting the number of rental units demolished from these figures (assuming all multi-family units demo1 ished were rental units), rental-occupied units increased by approximately thirty-three percent (33%). Following the same procedure for occupied and vacant owner units, owner-occupied units remained relatively stable. A very significant decrease is found in the number of vacant units from 1970 to 1980, an overall decrease of ninety. percent (90%). (See Table # 52 ) TABLE # 52 OWNER/ RENTER/VACANT HOUSING UNIT STATUS CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1970 - 1980 Owner Renter Vacant Units Total -Year Occupied Occupied Owner Renter Unknown Units 1970 1,593 862 25 66 67 2,613 1980 1,589 .1,146 2 6 8 2,751 % change -.3% +32.9% -92% -90.9% -88.1% +5.3% SOURCE: 1970 Census 1980 Housing Survey 1970-1980 Building & Demolition Permits, Titusville Building & Zoning Office 187 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING Rental units in the City consist of the following: - single family units rented to a single family - single family units converted to a number of apartment units, generally two (2) or three (3) units - garden units - high-rise units - row units Owner units consist of: - older, large single family unit - smaller, newer single family units - a small number of mobile home units - a small number of seasonal units The majority of the City's housing stock is in sound condition. Two City- wide housing surveys were conducted, one in 1977 and one in 1980. In the 1980 Housing Survey the following definitions were used in evaluating the condition of a housing structure: Standard - No visible defects, or slight defects which can be corrected with regul ar maintenance Deteriorating - Visible defects which can be corrected with reasonable cost relative to the structure's total value Substandard - Major, readily visible structural and other defects which cannot be corrected at reasonable cost The results of the most recent housing survey show seventy-seven percent (77%) of the housing units to be in sound condition while 17.7% are deteriorated and 5.3% are substandard. Since 1977 it appears that housing conditions have improved in the City, although numbers of substandard units have increased. (See Table #53) 188 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING TABLE # 53 HOUSING CONDITIONS CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1977 - 1980 __ - -- - -. - __ -- -. __ - ---_.- Total # Sound Deteriorating Substandard -Year of Units # % # % # % 1977 2,189 1,548 70.7% 536* 24.5% 105** 4.8% 1980 2,643*** 2,036 77.0% 467 17.7% 140 5.3% *Deficient category in 1977 Housing Survey **Marginal and Substandard categories in 1977 Housing Survey ***Total number of units surveyed differs from 2,751 calculated previously. Percentages derived from the 2,643 may be applied to the 2,751 for com- pari son purposes. SOURCE: 1977 Housing Survey, 1980 Housing Survey Usable and available housing units were determined by subtracting seasonal and unavailable units, and substandard units from the total housing units. Those units within the City which are not usable and available are: seasonal homes which are often inadequately constructed, equipped, or maintained for year-round uses; unavailable on the open market for a variety of reasons; or so dilapidated that the structure is unfit for occupancy. In the following table, seasonal and unavailable housing units are a combination of eight (8) seasonal units tabulated for the City in the 1970 U.S. Census and vacant units in 1970. It was assumed the number of seasonal units did not increase from 1970 to 1980. Consequently, the 1980 seasonal/unavailable units are the total of eight (8) seasonal units and sixteen (16) vacant units as per the 1980 Housing Survey. As the U.S.. Census does not enumerate housing unit condition, it was assumed that the two hundred three (203) housing units demo1 ished since 1970 were probably substandard units in 1970. The number of 1980 substandard units were taken from results of the 189 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUS I N G 1980 Housing Survey. As the table illustrates, the usable and available units represented eighty-six percent (86%) of total 1970 housing units and ninety- four percent (94%) of the total 1980 housing units. TABLE # 54 USABLE & AVAILABLE HOUSING UNITS CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1970 - 1980 Seasonal Usable & Number of Unava i 1 a bl e Substandard Avai 1 ab1 e Year Total Units # % of Total # % of Total # % of Total 1970 2,613 166 6.4% 203 7.8% 2,244 85.9% 1980 2,751 24 0.9% 140 5.1% 2,587 94.0% SOURCE: 1970 U.S. Census 1970 - 1980 Demolition Permits, Titusville Building & Zoning Office 1980 Housing Survey A comparison of housing stqck in 1970 with 1980 shows the usable and available .. housing stock has increased by approximately fifteen percent (15%) since '1970 or a total of three hundred forty-three (343) units. (See Table # 55 ) TABLE # 55 CHANGE IN USABLE & AVAILABLE HOUSING STOCK CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1970 - 1980 Total Change Usable & Change -Year Units # % Available # % 1970 2,613 2 ,244 1980 2,751 +138 +5.3% 2,587 +343 +15.3% 190 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUS I NG NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS In order to localize City hous,ing characteristics, the City Planning Commission determined "neighborhoods" as shown on Map S . Using the 1980 Housing Survey housing type, occupancy and condition can be delineated by neighborhood. A brief accounting of this information will be given in this section. Further refinement of the information given in this section should be made when final 1980 U.S. Census Block Data is made available. At that time a study of population characteristics as well as comparisons of housing data to the 1980 Housing Survey should be made by neighborhood. The provision of socio-economic characteristics of the population and housing characteristics by neighborhood gives a clear picture of the areas.of specific Housing needs (in rehabilitation, demolition, mixture of housing types, specific areas of overcrowding, etc.) and the economic status of the neighborhood population to qualify for the various housing programs the City may undertake. AS only one housing unit is found in Neighborhood A, this neighborhood is deleted from the following tables since statistically it makes an insignificant contribution to the total. Approximately fifty percent (50%) of the housing units in the City are found in Neighborhood f: E, while Neighborhoods # B and # J contain the second largest concentration of housing units, 12.8% and 12.4% respectively. (See Table # 56) 191 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ' HOUSING TABLE # 56 HOUSING UNITS BY NEIGHBORHOOD CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1980 Total Units Nei qhborhood # % of Total B 339 12.8% C 125 4.7% D 179 6.8% E 1,301 49.2% F 125 4.7% G 216 8.2% H 32 1.2% J 326 .12.4% Total 2,643 . . 100.0% The majority of the units in each neighborhood are occupied. The most vacant units are found in Neighborhood E while Neighborhood C has the greatest percentage of vacant units. (See Table # 57) TABLE # 57 OCCUPIED/VACANT UNITS BY NEIGHBORHOOD CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1980 Total Occupied Vacant Housing Units Units Nei g h bor hood Units # % # % 339 337 99.4% 2 .6% 125 123 98.4% 2 1.6% 179 179 100.0% - - 1,301 1,293 99.4% 8 .6% 125 125 100.0% 216 215 99.5% 1 .5% 32 32 100.0% 326 -323 99.1% -3 -.9% Totals 2,643 2,627 99.4% 16 .6% 192 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING In all neighborhoods, single family res dences represent the majority of the types of housing units. The greatest percentages of the single family residences are in Neighborhoods C and J with 91.2% and 92.0% single family units respectively. Neighborhood E contains the largest number (299) and percentage (23.0%) of 2-3 family units. The second largest concentration of 2-3 family units are found in Neighborhood G with 20.4% 2-3 family units. Three neighborhoods have significant concentrations of multi-family units. Neighborhood D contains the University of Pittsburgh campus and its dormitories. The result is 62.0% of Neighborhood D's housing units are multi-purpose units. Central Towers is found in Neighborhood G, which has the second greatest percent- age of multi-family units at 51.8%. Multi-family units make up 50.7% of Neighbor- hood B' housing units. The location of Grandview Health Care facility and a variety of apartment building sin Neighborhood B makes a significant con- tribution to the multi-family units found there. TABLE # 58 HOUSING TYPE BY NEIGHBORHOOD CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1980 Total Housing Single Family 2/3 Family Mu1 ti-family Neighborhood Units # % # % # % 239 158 46.6% 9 2.7% 172 50.7% 8 125 114 91.2% ii 8.8% - - 179 56 31.2% 12 6.7% 111 62.0% 1,301 904 69.5% 299 23.0% 98 7.5% I 125 94 75.2% 17 13.6% 14 . 11.2% 216 60 27.8% 44 20.4% 112 51.8% 32 28 87.5% 4 12.5% 1 326 300 92.0% -26 8.0% t 2 ,643 1,714 64.8% 422 16.0% 507 19.2% I 193 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I HOUSING I TABLE # 59 CONDITION OF H USING UNITS BY NEIGH ORHOOD CITY OF TITUSVILLE 1 CRAWFORD COUNTY 1980 81 Condition Total # of Standard Deteriorated Substandard Neighborhood Units # % # % # % 1 339 ’ 254 74.9% 77 22.7% 8 2.4% 125 69 55.2% 35 28.0% 21 16.8% I 179 155 86.6% 16 8.9% 8 4.5% 1,301 1,021 78.5% 225 17.3% 55 4.2% 125 93 74.4% 17 13.6% 15 12.0% I 216 154 71.3% 44 20.4% 18 8.3% 32 15 46.9% 13 40.6% 4 12.5% 326 275 84.3% 3.4% I___- -40 12.3% -11 - t 2,643 2,036 77.0% 467 17.7% 140 5.3% 1 Reviewing housing conditions by neighborhood gives a,n indication of areas for housing rehabilitation and demolition programs. Neighborhoods C, F, 8 and H contain the greatest percentages of substandard housing units: 16.8%, t 12.0%, and 12.5% respectively; while Neighborhood E has the greatest number of substandard housing units: fifty-five (55) units. By definition, substandard f units are those which will need to be demolished. I Housing rehabilitation programs can occur in areas where housing units have been evaluated as deteriorating and the unit owner financially qualifies for b housing rehabilitation assistance. Neighborhood E has the largest number of deterioratinghousing units: 225 units. Neighborhood H has the greatest 1 proportion of deteriorating units: 40.6%. - ._ -_ 1 -- -. The greatest majority of standard housing units were found in Neighborhood e D with 86.6% standard housing units and Neighborhood J with 84.3% standard housing units. Again, the largest number of standard housing units is in Neigh- i borhood E with 1,021 standard units. 194 1 prepared by NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, I.NC 0 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I HOUSING PUBLIC AND ASSISTED HOUSING AND OTHER HOUSING PROGRAMS I In the past ten (10) years there have been a variety of community development I efforts to eliminate the least-habitable living units in the City; to rehabilitate units that are deteriorating and restore them to sound, standard conditions; and I to provide housing to meet the needs of low and moderate income families and the I elderly. The City of Titusville, through the Redevelopment Authority, has undertaken I since 1970 a program of demolition of unsafe and the least habitable residences. I This program has seen the removal of two hundred three (203) units; eighty-seven (87) units were single family and one hundred sixteen (116) were multi-family. I The largest demolition activity took place in 1971 during the Golden Days Urban Renewal Project. At this time forty-one (41) single family and seventy-three I (73) multi-family units were removed. The Creekside Urban Renewal Project in 8 1973 removed eight (8) single family and twenty-one (21) multi-family units. I Demolitions since that time have been at scattered sites throughout the City. Inconjunctionwith demolition programs, the City has provided a total of 1 two hundred sixty-six (266) public and assisted housing with an additional forty- seven (47) units of assisted housing under construction. Of the units available, I one hundred five (105) units are family housing and one hundred sixty-one (161) I units are elderly housing. The forty-seven (47) units under construction will also be family housing. The provision of this housing by the City has essentia I replaced units removed from the market by the City and represents seventy-eight t percent (78%) of all housing building activity during the decade. I I 195 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING Public housing units available consist of: Schwartz Lane Family Housing 22 units Spruce Street Family Housing 27 units Jones Street/South Street Family Housing 11 units Central Towers Housing for the Elderly -96 units Total 156 units The public housing units were built under the Turnkey Low Income Housing Program of the U. S. Department of the Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Under this program, elderly persons and families meeting certain income guidelines set by HUD are eligible for residence. Tenants of these buildings pay twenty- five percent (25%) of an adjusted income for rent. All of these units are managed by the Titusville Housing Authority. The Ti tusvill e Housing Authority also manages the assisted housing un ts which consist of: Billie Brown Building Housing for the Elderly 65 units Existing Housing Program for Families -45 units Total 110 units Under the assisted housing program, a fair market rent i.s established by HUD for the units. A tenant pays only twenty-five percent (25%) of his adjusted income as under the public housing program, but the difference between the fair market rent and the rent paid by the tenant is paid to the landlord directly or indirectly by the Federal government. In the case of the Billie Brown Building units, the Housing Authority is the landlord and receives the assistance payment from the federal government directly. In the Existing Housing Assistance Program private landlords rent apartments to families unable to pay full rent. Tenants pay twenty-five percent (25%) of 196 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I HOUSING I adjusted income as in the other assisted housing program. The difference in fair market rent and the tenant's rent payment is paid to the private landlord by I the Federal government via the Titusville Housing Authority. .- I The forty-seven (47) units under construction will be the Titusville Manor Garden Apartments on Climax Street. These units are being funded by Farmers R Home Administration and will also be rental assistance payment units under I the Farmers Home Administration 515 Rent Assistance Program. As yet, a 8 management agent has not been selected to manage these units. I Following the Housing Survey conducted in 1977, the City also began a program of housing rehabilitation of the five hundred thirty-six (536) deficient houses. 1 In the years since 1978, forty-four (44) single family and four (4) multi-family housing units have been rehabilitated. The results of the most recent Housing I Survey conducted in 1980 show four hundred sixty-seven (467) units as dilapidated I and in need of rehabilitation: two hundred seventy-seven (277) single family units and one hundred ninety (190) multi-family units. I I I I 1 I I 1.97 TITUSVI LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING VACANCY RATE The vacancy rate is simply the total number of vacant year-round units on the market (available for rent or sale) divided by the total year-round inventory. An acceptable vacancy rate depends largely upon the type of housing and the area in question. Renter vacancy rates are significantly higher than owner vacancy 1 rates. Urban areas generally require a higher vacancy level than rural areas. I More important and more useful information than the overall vacancy rate is a knowledge of separate vacancy rates for owner (sales) and renter housing. It 1 is possible for the overall vacancy rate to give the appearance of a balanced market when, in fact, serious shortages exist for one type of vacant units while 1 an over-supply exists for the other. It should be noted, however, that vacancy rates among owner housing units do not necessarily reflect the overall strength of this sector of the market. Except 8 for a very few large-tract builders mass-producing housing in moderate price I ranges, most single family builders follow rather than lead the market. The general practice is to build only a few sample houses prior to customer commit- 1 ment, and the number of vacant units in even an unsuccessful development will be I very limited. Past experience in Titusville is that very few, if any, single family dwellings are built speculatively. Of the thirty-one (31) single family I units constructed from 1970 - 1980 only two were built speculatively; all others have been built under contract with the prospective owner. As a resultj the 8 overall vacancy rate of owner-occupied units tends to be quite low except in I chronically depressed areas or in periods of sharp temporary recession in normally prosperous areas. 1 198 .. . TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUS I NG I Due to the more speculative nature of the rental market, its vacancies are more accurate indicators of market strength than are owner vacancies. Much I rental construction is in 1arge projects with 1 i ttl e fl exi bi 1 i ty once construction begins. If the location and design are poor or the market is seriously overbuilt, I large numbers of units may stand vacant. As a result, rental vacancy rates tend I to vary significantly between regional markets and sub-areas within each region. A sufficient vacancy rate is necessary to allow people to find different I housing as their needs change. This permits mobility for a balanced market, one I which would provide buyers and renters with an adequate selection without creating excessive surpluses. Too little vacancy inhibits moving; too much vacancy means deterioration in the entire housing market. Generally accepted levels of vacancy for owner-occupied housing and renter-occupied housing are 1.2% and 5.0% respec- tively with an overall vacancy rate of 4.0%.* The vacancy rate for Titusville has steadily decreased since 1970. (See Table # 60) *The Practice of Local Government Planning, 1979 International City Management Association 199 .. .. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING TABLE # 60 VACANCY RATES CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1970 - 1980 Total Occupied Housing Units Owner Renter Vacancy Rate Year Units Owner Renter for sale for rent Other Owner Renter Overal 1970 2,613 1,593 862 25 66 67 1.6% 7.7% 1978 2,629 1,536 1,038 5 16 34 .3% 1.5% 1980 2,751 1,589 1,146 2 6 8 .1% .5% .6% SOURCE: 1970 U.S. Census 1978 Housinq Market Analysis 1980 Housinq Survey Whereas 1970 reflects a housing market with sufficient flexibility in owner- occupied units and a surplus in renter-occupied units, the market was tight by 1978 and the results of the 1980 Housing Survey show an even tighter market with owner, renter, and overall vacancy rates fa1 1 ing below one percent (1%). Knowing the demolition program undertaken by the City since 1970, and the number of vacant units in 1970, the surplus of housing units in 1970 were most likely not suitable for habitation? Therefore, the 1970 vacancy rate is somewhat misleading. The resulting low vacancy rates in 1980 are a reflection of the probable status of livable housing units in 1970. The problem, of course, is that housing unit construction has only kept pace with the removal of units from the market (a net gain of 138 living units since 1970); and additional units to provide housing market flexibility have not been built. Based upon 2,751 housing units presently existing, another 100 units are presently needed to provide an overall vacancy rate of four percent (4%). 200 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUS I NG HOUSING NEEDS & DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSING General Background Three (3) basic factors need to be considered when estimating future housing needs. These factors are the number of unit's needed: 1) to provide a flexible housing market, 2) to replace housing lost through demolition, natural causes, etc., and 3) to provide for future population growth. An analysis of these factors, in view of projected future population, gives an indication of the effort required to provide both owner and rental housing in the community. In the City of Ti tusvi 1 le, the need to provide a more flexible housing market and the need to replace lost housing are of greatest concern. In order to provide a f 1 exi bl e housi ng market, one whi ch readi ly provides housi ng opportuni ties to those desiring to make a change, a slight surplus of housing units is needed. This surplus is determined by the vacancy rate. In the housing field, an overall vacancy rate of four percent (4%) of the total housing stock is considered a reasonable rate to provide the flexibili ty needed in the market. Replacement housing consists of those new housing units needed to replace existing residences that are removed from the housing stock. Removal may result from any one of several situations including, but not limited to; fire, demolition of substandard housing, the conversion or demolition of housing for non-residential uses, merging of two smaller units into one, etc. In recent years, Titusville has undergone a program of demolition of substandard deteriorated units. While this is desirable in an effort to provide safe, decent living units, these units need to be replaced in order to avoid undue tightening of the housing market even in view of a declining population. 201 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING New housing units are also needed to meet the needs of future population growth. The assumption has been made in the population projections that Ti tusvi 1 le wi 1 1 be arresting the past popul a ti on decl i ne and future population wi 11 will be increasing as out-migration is neutralized by in-migration. The number of housing units is a factor of family size. Table # 61 illustrates the ,effect probable family sizes would have on future Titusville population. TABLE # 61 HOUSEHOLD NEEDS BY POPULATION & AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY Average Household Year Population Estimate 3.0 2.8 2.5 1980 6,811 2 ,724* 1990 7,071 2 ,357 2 ,525 2,828 2000 7 ,566 2,819 2,699 3,022 *2,751 is actual 1970 ccunt plus construction and minus demolition activities to 1980, actual household size is 2.476. Based on the projected City population and the present calculated household size of 2.5 persons/household, Titusville will need a total of 2,828 housing units by 1990 and 3,022 housing units by the year 2000. A household size of 2.5 persons/household is a small household by today's standards. For purposes of future planning, this household size will be main- tained. It is not probable that the household size will drop below this figure if the City is successful in keeping the working age in the City which will be forming families and attracting new families to the City. The significant ------. elderly population nTtusville, the resident university population, and the - traditional reasons for smaller household sizes discussed earlier will keep the average househo dsze for Titusville from significantly rising. 202 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUS I NG New Construction Units Requi red The housing units required for 1980 - 2000 with a household si ze of 2.5 persons/household as in Table #61 is a housing need that represents a need based on population growth. To determine how many new units will be needed to accom- modate the growth, the number of existing units in 1980 (2,751 units) is subtracted from the total need of 3,022, This results in 271 new units to be constructed by the year 2000 for population growth only. Replacement Housing Unit Need Replacement needs are generally determined by calculating the number of units previously lost from the housing inventory over a period of years and developing an annual "rate of loss". This rate could then be applied to the total number of units for any given year to determine the replacement need as of that year. A review of demolition activity for the years 1970 - 1980 shows a rate loss of 7.8% for the decade. This rate, however, may be artificial as the City had instituted a demolition program which would remove units at an accelerated rate. Looking at the results of the 1980 Housing Survey, one hundred four (104) units were listed as substandard and should be removed from the market between now and the year 2000. This would mean a replacement rate of two percent (2%) per decade. This is a low rate and does not reflect removal from the housing market due to natural causes, disasters, conversions out of the housing market, etc. Consequently, for purposes of determining an appropriate replacement rate , a middle range figure of four percent (4%) per decade will be used. The number of replacement units were calculated by applying an eight percent (8%) rate of loss (for a 20 year period) to the total number of housing units in 1980. The result is the number of replacement units required by the year 2000. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUS ING Housing Units Needed to Provide an Appropriate. Vacancy Rate As previously discussed, the housing market needs to remain flexible if it is to provide optimum housing opportunities. An overall vacancy rate of four percent (4%) of total units will achieve this flexibility. 8 Total Housing Needs to Year 2000 . The total housing unit construction needed in Titusville over the next D twenty (20) years is six hundred twelve (612).units. This represents two hundred seventy-onk (271) new units for population growth, two hundred twenty (220) replacement units , and one hundred twenty-one (1 21 ) units to provide an overall vacancy rate of four percent (4%). (See Table # 62 ) TABLE # 62 NEW HOUSING UNIT CONSTRUCTION NEEDED TO MEET HOUSING NEED* CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 8 1980 - 2000 4% 4% I New Rep1 acemen t Vacancy Total New Units Housi nq Rate Construction I Twenty Year Period 1980-2000 271 220 121 612 I *Based on 2.5 persons/househol d 1 The projected need of six hunured twelve (.612) new units constructed by the year 2000 requires an annual rate of construction of thirty-one (31) 1 per year in the City. 204 t TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING I Reference to the building permit data from 1970 - 1980 showed three hundred I forty-one (341) units were built over the eleven (11)-year period or an average 1 of thirty-one (31) units/year. It would appear that, based upon projected future growth and development of the City, if building construction activity con- 1 tinues at the rate as exDerienced over the past eleven years, the projected grcwth I can be accommodated. I Total Housinq .Unit Needs by Income . Using the criteria for determining eligibility for public and assisted I housing, the City's population was divided into three (3) income categories based upon the following percentages: s .. . Low Income Housing - Less than 80% of the County's median income Moderate Income Housing - 80% - 120%of the County's median income I Conventional'liousing - over 120% of the County s median income .~ The most recent data on income for families and unrelated individuals and I median incomes as of the writing of this report is the 1970 U.S. Census data. I It is felt that the same relative mix of income groups exist in 1980 as in 1970, but at the time of publication of the 1980 U.S. Census, the following tables I should be reviewed and adjusted, if necessary, to reflect the most current status. In 1970 Crawford County's median income was $8,658, resulting in the following 1 income divisions: Low Income Housing - Less than $6,925 I Moderate Income Housing - $6,925 to $10,390 Conventional Housing - over $10,390 I Applying the income categories to the 1970 Census data for incomes of families I and unrelated individuals in Titusville, the following results were derived: I I 205 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING TABLE # 63 INCOME CATEGORIES OF FAMILIES & UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS CITY OF TITUSVILLE 1 CRAWFORD COUNTY I Low Income Moderate Conventional Total Number Income Housing of Households Psi"9 # % #Housing% 1 2 ,789 1,481 53% 624 22% 684 25% The following table gives the housing needs of the City of Titusville according to income category, low-income assisted housing, and annual rate of 1 construction needed to reach the total twenty (20)-year need: . I TABLE # 64 HOUSING NEEDS BY CATEGORY CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1980 - 2000 Total Units Needed, 1980 - 2000 (Includes four percent (4%) vacancy rate) 3 ,143 Number of Low Income Housing Units Needed 1,666 Number of Moderate Income Housing Units Needed 691 Number of Conventional Housing Units Needed 786 Number of Low-Income Assisted Housing Units Needed 555 Total New Units to be Constructed 612 Annual Rate of Construction (Uni ts/Year) 31 All families and unrelated individuals in the low income category are eligible for housing assistance, but not all will take advantage of the opportunity. As Titusville seems to have a significant low income population, fifty-three 8 percent (53%) of the total population, it has been assumed that one-third (1/3) of the low income families and unrelated individuals eligible for assisted housing I will use it. Therefore, the total number of low income assisted housing units 1 206 .. . . TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING needed by the year 2000 is 555. With the construction of the Titusville Manor Garden Apartments in 1981 three hundred thirteen (313) of these units will be provided leaving two hundred forty-two (242) assisted units to be provided. The remaining low income units will be provided through. the "filtering process'' which occurs as housing passes through different household groups. It is presumed that as better housing becomes available, households will move from less desirable quarters. Therefore, new housing construction should he1 p improve the total housing choice, because it sets up a chain of moves which will eventually allow the worst housing to be vacated and removed from supply. Therefore, filtering is sometimes proposed as a public policy whereby new upper and middle income housing improves the housing for the poor by making vacated units available. As it is realized that.the filtering process does not provide housing to the lower income as efficiently as the process leads one to believe, the provi- sion of housing specifically for the low income as Titusville has done adds the assurance of a decent and suitable living place for all families. The new units to be provided, then, in addition to subsidized housing would have to provide housing opportunities for the high and moderate income persons locating in the City. - Subtracting the two hundred forty-two (242) assisted units from the to.bal units needed by the year 2000 (612 units) 1 eaves three hundred seventy (370) units of new construction to be divided among the moderate and high income range, owner and renter units. The assumption is made that relatively little single family detached construction will take place due to land constraints within the 207 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN HOUSING City. Consequently, it will be estimated that the single family/multi-family mix will be a 1:3 ratio, one (1) single family units for every three (3) multi- family. This means, of the remaining three hundred seventy (370) units, ninety-three (93) will be single family ani ts , and two hundred seventy-seven (277) will be multi-family units of either renter or owner status. (See Table #6 TABLE # 65 NEW UNIT CONSTRUCTION NEEDS CITY OF TITUSVILLE CRAWFORD COUNTY 1980 - 2000 Total New Units Needed 612 Number of Assisted Units 242 Number of Single Family Units 93 Number of Mu1 ti-Family Units 277 The Climax Street area development as the Master Plan proposes will add - a total of three hundred seventeen (317) residential units to the City. Present plans propose fifty-two (52) single family units and two hundred sixty-five (265) mu1 ti-family units of various types and owner/renter/assi sted status. These numbers are subject to change as development occurs, but will make a significant contribution to overall housing needs of the City. At the present time, forty- seven (47) multi-family units are under construction. Thus, a potential two hundred seventy (270) units remain to be developed at this site. Continued efforts to provide these additional two hundred seventy (270) units will meet forty-four percent (44%) of the new construction needs leaving three hundred forty-two i342) units yet to be provided by the year 2000. 208 Development *Plan DEVELOPMENT P LAN INTRODUCTION 209 ADJACENT MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT STATEMENT 21 1 INTRODUCTION 21 1 OIL CREEK TOWNSHIP, CRAWFORD COUNTY 21 1 CHERRY TREE TOWNSHIP , VENANGO COUNTY 21 2 01 L CREEK TOWNSHIP, VENANGO COUNTY 21 2 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GOALS & OBJECTIVES 21 4 LAND USE 21 4 ENV IRONMENT 21 5 ESTHETICS 21 6 TRANSPORTATION , TRAFFIC , AND CIRCULATION 21 6 ECONOMY 21 7 HOUSING 21 7 COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND SERVICES 21 8 ENERGY CONSERVATION 21 8 CITIZEN PARTICIPATION AND INTERGOVERMMENTAL COOPERATION 21 9 HISTORIC PRESERVATION EFFORTS 220 MAIN STREET PROGRAM 220 HISTORICAL PLACES SURVEY 220 CONCLUSION 221 LAND USE CONTROLS 222 INTRODUCTION 222 ZONING ORDINANCE 222 SUBDIVIS ION REGULATI ONS 223 MOB1 LE HOME PARK ORDIINANCE 223 PLANNED RES1DENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS 2 24 BUILDING CODES 224 HOUS ING CODES 225 REGULATIONS FOR CONVERSIONS TO CONDOMINIUMS 225 LAND USE INTENSITY SYSTEMS 227 PURCHASE OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS 228 TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS 228 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY 229 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DEVELOPMENT PLAN 1 INTRODUCTION u The Development Plan, as prepared, considers all of the previous analyses I and plan recommendations. The Development Plan was prepared utilizing three (3) base scenerios. The first scenerio was the Future Land Use Plan as it was I adopted in 1959. The second secenerio was the Future Land Use Plan as adopted in 1967, and the third base scenerio was a Development Plan prepared through a I land use synthesis. The land use synthesis involved such considerations as soils, I slopes , nfrastructure, existing development patterns, and flood hazard areas and wetlands. Subsequent to review and recommendation by the various agencies I involved, i.e. City Planning Commission, Redevelopment Authority, and City Council, the Development Plan was prepared which considers all three (3) scenerios. I . .. Contained in this Development Plan section is a Land Use Capacities and I Requirements Table. This table was prepared for the various land use types, and I calculated using the final agreed-upon Development Plan. This table shows the amount of area required for the various types OF land uses as determined in the I Land Use Element and the area available for each land use in the proposed Develop- ment Plan. While the planning period for the Development Plan is to the year 2000, I it can be readily seen that additional area is available for future growth in all 1 of the land use categories. Additional growth could also be handled after the year 2000 by increasing the projected density within the residential areas. It I should be pointed out, however, that the area capacities are based on gross acreage without allowance for roads, uti1 ities, physical feature constraints, etc. and that the not developable acreage is undoubtedly less than shown. 209 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN TABLE # 66 LAND USE CAPACITIES & REQUIREMENTS CITY OF TITUSVILLE Surplus or Area in Acres* Minimum Area Def i ci ent Land Use (Total 1996) Required (In Acres) Resi denti a1 917 451 + 520 Comerci a1 122 88 + 34 Indu stri a 1 351 143 i-208 Restricted 5 52 140 + 412 *This is gross acres without allowance for roads, utilities, physical features constraints, and etc. 210 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DEVELOPMENT PLAN I ADJACENT MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT STATEMENT Introduction I During the preparation of the Titusville Development Plan, consPderation was I given to the development policies of adjacent municipalities; particularly as it relates to development immediately adjacent to the Ti tusvil le City boundaries. I The following list contains the municipalities that abut Titusville and I indicates the respective Land Use Policy Documents. Consideration has also been given to the Land Use Policies of the Oil Creek Valley Joint Planning Commission, I the Crawford County Planning Commission, and the Venango County Planning Commission. I County or Land Use or Subdivision Zoning I Township Development P1 an Ordinance Ordinance Oil Creek Township, . .. Crawford County 1971 1972 1972 Cherry Tree Township, I Venango County ---- 1974 ---- Oil Creek Valley 1972 ------Crawford County 1974 ---- 1977 1 Venango County 1977 1974 ---- I Subsequent to review of the previously listed land use controls and develop- ment plans, the following statements were prepared for each adjacent municipality I and the relationship between the Titusville Development Plan and the adjacent 1 municipalities' Land Use Policies is discussed. Oil Creek Township, Crawford County I The existing land use of Oil Creek Township adjacent to the City of Titusville I is primarily residentia1,wooded;and open space or agriculture with some commercial and industrial development along Route 27 west, Route 27 east, and Route 8 north I adjacent to the City boundaries, The proposed land use for Oil Creek Township along I 211 TITUSV I LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN the City' s boundaries fol lows exi sting trends with the predominant use proposed as residential and open space. Industrial development is proposed adjacent to the city's I' east boundary along Route 27 and adjacent to' the City's west boundary along Route 8. A review of the proposed development illustrates that there are no significant conflicts between land development patterns in the township and those as proposed I in this Development Plan. I Cherry Tree Township, Venango County 1 The existing land use within Cherry Tree Township and adjacent to the city's southern boundary consist predominantly of residential, wooded, and open space I or agriculture land uses. The Oil Creek State Park is located partly in Cherry Tree Township and extends into the City of Titusville along Oil Creek. The I proposed land use of Cherry Tree Township adjacent to the City of .Tifusville is 1 comprised of residential , open space, and resort recreation. The proposed Development Plan for the City of Titusville generally conform I with the proposed development of Cherry Tree Township. Residential and open I space areas in both communities are generally contiguous. The Titusville Develop- ment Plan provides for restricted development in the area of Oil Creek State Park I within the city and adjacent to that portion of the park in Cherry Tree Township. There appears to be no conflict between the Titusville Development Plan and 1 proposed development for Cherry Tree Township. Oil Creek Township, Venango County The northwestern corner of Oil Creek Township abuts the southeastern corner of the City of Titusville. This area in both communities is presently wooded with I 212 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1) DEVELOPMENT PLAN land use in the City proposed as restricted and adjacent in the Township as R open space preservation. These are similar and compatible land uses and no con- flict is presented by the Titiisville Development Plan and the proposed land use for Oil Creek Township. 1 213 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Fundamentally, the community planning y-ocess involves the intelligent guidance and control of a municipality's growth and improvement. Community planning is based on the premise that existinq conditions can be improved, future needs can be fulfilled, and steps can be undertaken to develoo and maintain a desirable physical, social, and economic environment within the community. In Planning, it is an axiom that every municipality is unique, and no standardized concepts or patterns of development can be expected to validly apply to all communities. It is'necessary that each community decide for itself how it wants to grow and the kind of community it'wants to be. The first step in formulating a comprehensive planning program is to determine general goals and objectives which will reflect what it expects or hopes to achieve through pl anni nq. A goal can be defined as a desirable state toward which one is working. To maintain their long-term validity, the goals must be general in nature and reflect the desire to provide an attractive community with quality neighborhoods, schools, recreational facilities, other public facilities, and employment opportuni ties. Planning objectives describe specific facets of each goal in terms of attainable conditions and thereby indicate more precisely the individual components that make up the goal. From these plan goals and objectives, one can then begin to analyze a community's characteristics and develop specific recommendations or projects to intelligently guide and control a municipality's growth and improvement. The goals described bel ow (not necessari y in order of importance) are intended to serve as statements of long-range direction toward which the more specific objectives show the way. Overall Goal - It is the overall goal to deve OD and preserve the pleasant, attractive, heal thy, safe, and convenient env ronment for 1 ivi ng , working , shoppi ng , and re1 axi nq. Land Use General Goal - To promote a land use pattern which encourages an appro- priate variety of land uses able to function efficiently, which is compatible with the natural environment and enables development in an orderly fashion. 214 TI TUSVI LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN Specific Objectives: 1. Prevent undesirable land use relationships by avoiding the mixing of incompatible uses - yet still maintain neighborhood conveniences. 2. Encourage the concentrati on of 1and uses in di scernabl e cl us ters and limit both "strip" development and irregularly dispersed development patterns. 3. Discourage the i ndi scrimi nate spread of commerci a1 and i ndus tri a1 uses, particularly the encroachment of these uses upon existing or future residential areas. 4. Discourage the adverse scattering of high-density residential devel opment. 5. Employ appropriate land use controls to guide future uses and densities of development in accordance with a land use plan. Environment General Goal - To preserve and enhance the natural and cultural envi ronrnent so that people and nature wi 11 conti nue to exi s t i n producti ve harmony. Specific Objectives: .. 1. Encourage protection of local ecological zones to ensure variety in the environment, to serve as outdoor educational resources, to guard against damage to life and property, and to preserve the natural amenities upon-- which . the existence of man ultimately depends. 2. Protect the groundwater resources in those areas dependent upon the use of on-lot wells for potable water by such methods as restricting the type and density of development in recharge areas. 3. Discourage encroachment upon streams and their flood plains, ponds, and high water table areas that threatens to deqrade the natural condition of their water and/or banks. 4. El iminate or careful ly control a1 1 causes of pol lution incl uding but not limited to noise, water, air, and surface ppllution. 5. Provide a cultural as well as social heritage through viable historic preservation projects as we1 1 as enforcing the comoonents of a historic preservation ordinance. Cooperate with local historical society and the State Historic Preservation Office. 215 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN Esthetics General Goal - To enrich the lives of all residents by striving to improve the esthetic quality and visual impact of the man-made environment and by preservi ng and enhancing the natural envi ronment. Specific Objectives: d 1. Prevent the violation of the usually scenic elements of the natural environment such as dense woodlands, water bodies, steep slopes and hilltops by relating a1 1 development to natural features. 2. Encourage the elimination, isolation, or screening of all scenic detriments created by man. 3. Encourage the use of esthe.tica1ly pleasing landscaping practices to enhance the visual quality of the man-made environment. 4. Encourage the underground placement of utilities when practical and attractive design or blending with nature when the underground placement of essential facilities is not practical. 'I 5. Encourage the protection of pleasing views and their creation in nei g h bo rhoods . a 6. Control the use of signs in terms of number, type, size, and location, and encourage the esthetics and attractiveness in their design. il 7. Promote innovative development concepts such as planned residential developments which encourage variety in neighborhood and architectural design. I Transporta ti on, Traffi c, and Ci rcul a ti on 8 General Goal - To provide the safe and convenient circulation and movement of goods and people within the community and to points beyond utilizing all U methods practical. Speci f i c Ob jecti ves : 1. Provide for the separation of through and local traffic in order to facilitate movement both within the community and between neighboring municipalities. d 2. Coordinate and integrate the transportation systems of the community with that of the region. 1 3. Promote the development of adequate roadways into and out of the City limits. The roadways carry not only the residents of the City but also r serve thru-traffic. They also act as main roads to the closest major expressways in the Titusville Area. t 216 TITUSV I LLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN 4. Provide for pedestrian walkways wherever warranted by vehicular traffic and other activities. - __ . _- - -_ 5. Provide for adequate off-street parking in all future developments. 6. Provide for public mass transit services when appropriate. 7. Provide for adequate streets and street systems in all future residential, commercial, and industrial subdivisions. Economy General Goal - To establish a diversified and enduring economic structure which provides residents with a variety of employment opportunities while at the same time preserving a healthful, secure, and pleasant residential environment. Specific Objectives: 1. Provide for future commercial and industrial development by reserving adequate land areas through various methods such as zoning, land- banking, industrial park development, etc. 2. Provide for the concentration of commercial and industrial developments within selected areas by designatinq these areas in a land use plan supported by land use regulations. . .. 3. Provide a community facil i ties infrastructure that encourages business and industrial development, e.g., utilities, streets, police and fire protection, etc. 4. Discourage the intrusion of residential uses into existing and proposed commercial and industrial areas. 5. Establish and perpetuate a local government and business community relationship conducive to economic development. Hous i nq General Goal - Provide adequate housing for all the residents. Speci f i c Ob jecti ves : 1. Increase the supply of decent, safe, and sanitary housing in price ranges affordable to a1 1 residents. 2. Provide for a diversity in housing types and residential areas in the community so that every family has a choice of residential environment and life-style. 217 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN 3. Preserve the existing housing stock through public and private actions and incentives that encouraqe housing upkeep. 4. Eliminate all substandard housing units by removing those units beyond salvage and by rehabilitating those units that can be feasibly salvaged. 5. Preserve the resi denti a1 character and qual i'ty of vi ab1 e residential areas. Communi t.y Faci.1 i ties and Services General Goal - Provide for facilities, services, and utilities of the quantity and quality necessary to meet the physical , social , cultural , recreational , and esthetic needs of the community and to do so in a timely and fiscal ly responsible manner. Specific Objecti ves : 1. Endeavor to provide adequate facilities for police and fire protection to assure safety throughout the community. - 2. Provide for adequate water, sewerage, and solid waste management services in all.areas of the community where existing or planned development or popul ati on densities warrant such services. 3. Provi de for adequate pub1 i c school faci 1 i ties, i ncl udi ng bui 1di ngs and grounds that have mu1 tiple communi ty-use capacity. 4. Provide a community parks and recreational system offering a wide- range of easily accessible year-round recreational and cultural opportunities. 5. Endeavor to provide for community facilities in an orderly and timely manner by establishing an annual capital improvements program and up- dating the capital budget to reflect the public facility needs of the community. 6. Actively pursue federal and state grant assistance programs to provide cost-effective and financially feasible community facilities. Energy Conservation General Goal - To promote the conservation of energy in every way possible as a matter of serious public concern. 218 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN Specific Objectives : 1 . Exercise pub1 i c responsi bi 1 i ty i n provi ding direction to energy conservation efforts in the community. 2. Promulgate efficient land use patterns that lead to efficient energy utilization. 3. Adopt land use and development controls, building codes and similar regulations that promote energy efficiencies and, conversely, the revision or elimination of those that cause or encourage wasteful energy consumption. 4. Utilize alternate energy sources in all new and existing buildings whenever feasible. 5. Encourage the use of alternate energy sources in all other public, residential, commercial, and industrial structures in the communi ty . Ci ti Zen ParticiPation & Intergovernmental Cooperation General Goal - Provide mechanisms for continual discussion among residents concerning development and public affairs. Speci f i c Ob jecti ves : 1. Continue to have all business meetings of public bodies held open to the public. 2. Increase the interest of residents in local public affairs as well as their attendance at meetings of local public bodies. 3. Increase the responsible participation of residents at the meetings of local public bodies. 4. Endeavor to cooperate through all possible means with surrounding local governments, the county government, and the state and federal governments, through joint planning and financing efforts. 219 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN HI STORI C PRESERVAT I ON E FFORTS Main Street Program The City of Titusville is one of five (5) communities in Pennsylvania selected in 1980 to participate in the National Main Street Program for the study and proposed plan of downtown revital ization in conjunction with appropriat, historical preservation efforts. The Main Street Program is a joint project of the National Trust for Historic Preservation and the International Downtown Executives Association in cooperation with national, private, and pub1 ic organiza- tions and federal agencies. The purpose of the Main Street Program in Titusville is to develop a comprehensive strategy for revitalization of the downtown business district with special emphasis on the benefits of historic preservation in this effort. The Main Street Project locally will review and implement applicable re- commendations of the studies that have been conducted by and information received from the National Main Street Center. Locally the Chamber of Commerce, Retail Bureau, various private firms and institutions of the Titusville area and local government agencies will be involved in the review process and preparation of the final document. The project is for one year. Hi storical P1 aces Survey Crawford County, through the Crawford County Planning Commission, has a Historical Sites Researcher whose job is to prepare an inventory of historical sites in Crawford County. The position with the County Planning Commission is funded through the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. 220 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN The inventory presently being compiled by the Historical Sites Researcher includes all County buildings and places of historical significance prior to 1900. Those buildings and places which could be eligible for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places are noted on the inventory. In addition to preparation of the Inventory of Historical Sites, the Historical Sites Re- searcher can assist communities in identifying historic districts for preser- vation, assist with nomination of sites to the National Register and work with communities in special historical preservation projects such as the Titusvil le Main Street Program. Conclusion As of the writing of this report, the Main Street project was in its initial stages and the City of Titusville had not yet been inventoried by the County. The City of Titusville has a unique and valuable heritage to be passed on to the coming generations. Full cooperation with the Main Street program and the inventory process will make considerable progress towards preservation of that heritage. 221 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN LAND USE CONTROLS I ntroducti on The City of Titusville presently administers land use controls in the form of a Zoning Ordinance, Land Subdivision Regulations, Mobile Home Park Regulations, 3 P1 anned Unit Development Requirements, and Floodplain Management Regulations. In 8 addition to these land use controls, various other new techniques are available to municipalities for the control of land use. In order to understand the existing 8 land use controls within the City and the various new techniques such as transfer of development rights and land use intensity systems, it is necessary to present 9 a discussion of these various types of land use controls. The following is a 1 presentation of the various land use control techniques existing and available to the City of Ti tusvil 1e. Zoni ng Ordinance J The desire to regulate uses in each area of a community is a primary reason for adopting a zoning ordinance. Zoning is a means of insurinq that land uses of a community are properly situated in relation to one another, 1 providing adequate space for each type of development. The basic types of districts are residential, commercial, and industrial. A degree of segreqation 8 of these basic districts will most likely continue to be necessary to prevent E mixing of incompatible uses which may have undesirable effects on one another as depressing property values and causing undesirable effects on environmental 1 features. Zoning is also used to insure that uses requiring expensive public service facilities are restricted to those areas where facilities exist or 8 where they are planned for the near future. 222 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN In addition to designating districts of development, zoning ordinances regulate structures through lot sizes, yard sizes, and height bulk requirements. These regulations are aimed at the qualities which collectively contribute toward "liveability". .They attempt to control the population density in various areas; to insure adequate light, air, and privacy; to afford safe play space for children and recreation space for older persons; to reduce fire hazards; and in general to maintain a healthful and safe environment. Subdivision Requlations Subdivision regulations are locally adopted laws governing the process of converting raw land into building sites. This is normally accomplished through plat approval procedures under which a developer is not permitted to make improvements or to divide and sell his land until planning commission approval has been received on the proposed design of his subdivision. The approval or disapproval is based upon the compliance or non-compliance of the proposed subdivision with development standards set forth in the subdivision regulations. Subdivision regulations set forth the process which a developer must follow to secure approval of his proposal as well as various design requirements. Typical subdivision regulations contain certain general provisions relating to location and design of subdivision followed by more specific controls over the 1 ayout and dimensions of streets and a1 1 eys, easements for uti1 i ties, blocks and lots. Mobile Home Park Ordinance A Mobi 1 e Home Park Ordinance enforces uni form standards whi ch govern mobi le homes and mobi 1 e home parks ; establ i shes requirements for the design, 223 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN construction, a1 tera ti on, extensi on, and maintenance of mobi 1 e home parks and related utilities and facilities; authorizes the issuance of permits for construction, alternation, and additions; licenses those who operate mobile honie parks; authorizes the inspection of mobile home parks, and establishes standards for erection of single mobile home installations. Planned Residential Develoments The regulations governing planned residential developments (PRD's) are aimed at the developer who owns a 1arge.tract of land and would like to be more creative in the overall plan of building sites than standard subdivision regulations a1 low. In planned residential developments, various lot sizes and building types (single-family, town houses, etc,) can be combined to provide a unique development which often blends more aesthetically with the environment. Land use intensity standards which control density of develop- ments generally govern the design requirements of PRD's. Land-use intens1t.y standards define very precisely the maximum floor area of buildings on a given area of land and the amount of various types of open spaces (i.e. recreation, oarking, general open areas) ,which must be provided in the development for a given amount of floor area, Where the property is to be kept in an undivided state, land use intensity standards give the designer remarkable latitude in laying out his development without sacrificing the vital interests of the community. Bui 1 ding Codes Building codes provide structural and mechanical standards and specifications for new bui 1 di ng cons tructi on and exi s ti ng bui 1ding i nspection. 224 8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DEVELOPMENT PLAN Hous i ng Codes 8 Housing codes regulate the facilities, maintenance and occupancy of housing. s Housing codes go beyond structural safety to regulate how many people may inhabit a unit, what plumbing must be available, etc. For this reason, they have been 0 difficult to enforce. & Requl a ti ons for Conversions to Condomi ni urns f Nationally, the conversion of rental units to condomium units is a rapidly growing trend with conversions reported to have doubled in 1978 from r 1977 and expected .to have increased an additional thirty percent (30%) in 1979. The incentives for such conversions are attractive to both the buyers and the sell ers . On the devel oper ' s si de, buyi nq bui 1di ngs to convert into condomi ni urns results in a large potential profit to be made in a relatively short time. Landlords are eager to sell or convert apartment buildings themselves because they feel rental apartments are no longer a good investment -- real estate taxes, utility costs, etc. have increased so much that rent increases cannot keep pace. In addition, rent controls in some areas and the increased demand for real estate add to the incentives to convert to condominiums. Finally, new 1979 laws which have reduced capital gains taxes from forty-nine percent (49%) to twenty-eight percent (28%)make the selling of apartment buildings very attractive. ._ The financial benefits for condominium buyers are, of course, like any other home owner -- mortgage interest and property taxes.may be deducted from federal income taxes and home ownership represents a possible secure invest- ment i n i nf 1ati onary times. In addi ti on, converted condomi ni urns i n ol der buildings are offered at a relatively lower price than single-family detached housing in the same area. r. 225 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN .~ _- The effects of conversion depend upon whether one is in favor of con- version or opposes it. Those who favor conversion claim the conversion makes new housing opportunities available, leads to a stable population, provides ___ __ - _- - -. - .- - I - more tax revenue for the local government, and results in substantial rehabili- tation of the existing housing stock. Those opposed to conversions emphasize the hardships placed on those involuntarily displaced and the significa'nt 3 decrease in rental housing that seems to result from conversions. It is felt that low and moderate income rental housing, especially, is reduced. Arguments exist which support and negate both the pro and the con positions. However, one fact, over which there is very little disagreement, is the signifi- cantly negative effect of tenant displacement. In a 1975 HUD study, tenant displacement is ''at an average national rate of between seventy-five percent (75%)and eighty-five percent (85%)". .. The negative effects of condominium conversions are particularly hard on displaced elderly and poor persons. The elderly often find it difficult or care not to obtain long-term mortgages and the poor cannot afford to buy. In most buildings that are converted individual units are more expensive as condominiums than as a rental unit. In addition, the elderly and poor who must rent often cannot find suitable apartments as the rental market is reduced in an area of i ncreasi ng conversions. The basi c 1 aws governi ng condomi ni urns are the s tate-enabl i ng statutes . These statutes give legal recognition to the condominium as a form of property ownershi p, provide the framework for trans formi ng real property to condomi ni um ownership, and set forth provisions for the internal management of condominium associations. States have modified their original laws to provide more stringent legislation to guarantee the quality of new condominium projects 226 a TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 DEVELOPMENT PLAN . .- - - _.- .____. . . .- , and to provide consumer protect on for condominium buyers. As yet, state laws 8 are not adequately addressing the' two major problems of conversions: dis- placement of low-income and elderly. .. . populations, and the reduction of rental r - ______. housing. Local governments, which find these two problems need to be addressed 1 in their area, are enacting ordinances whose purpose is primarily to protect tenants and preserve the community's rental stock by regu ating the pace of c conversions, protecting 1ow-i ncome tenants, and prov ding aid'for a 1 tenants 6 before the .conversion takes'.. place. II Land Use Intensity Systems The land use intensity concept correlates the land area, floor area, D open space, 1 i'veabi 1 i ty space, recreation space, and car storage capaci t.y 2 to prevent overdevelopment or overcrowding of a building site. The system permits the. developer to cluster residential development in order to minimize f site development costs while still providing for the overall desired develop- D men t dens i ty . The and use intensity concept can be provided throuqh two (2) types of I sys tems : A. ) The Dlanned residential development concept as previously discussed can be used as a separate ordinance or a section of an existing E ordinance The concept provides for land use intensity systems in designated I districts. Under this system, a determination of land use intensity on an individual basis would be Permitted. B.) A land use intensity system can be P provided as a portion of an existing zoning ordinance which would set out the t provisions for land use intensity within certain designated zoning districts. I II 227 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN . . .- ...... ___ .. I Purchase of Development Riqhts 1 Many municipali ties try to preserve properties through selective restrictions, The properties most often have historical value or are valued as open space. 8 The owners of these properties may protest that they are ,losinq potential --- - .. - .. - - __ . .. - - - economi c benef i t because they cannot devel op the property. The muni ci pal i ty B can set up a' program to reimburse the .owners by purchasing the development 3 rights. The owner receives an economic benefit and foregoes development of the property, which is then preserved. z Transfer of Development Ri qhts This concept is very similar to purchase of development rights, The municipality in their land use documents place restrictions on certain properties (historical, open space, etc.). They also designate certain districts in which they will allow denser development than that at which the district is zoned if the developer purchases development riqhts from the' . owner of a restricted property which lies in a higher density zone. The municipality is not using public funds for the purchase; the owner of the restricted property is compensated for the loss of his development rights; the developer is less limited in his development; and the property is preserved in its current state of develonment. This concept becomes ineffective when there is a large supply of restricted properties and the district with the option of qreater density for development is small. The cost of the development riqhts becomes depressed, and all developers in the designated district may take advantage of the higher density provisions changing the entire district into a higher-densi ty zone. 228 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY While it is not the intent of this section to review in detail the existing land use controls within the City of Titusville, it is necessary to determine what modifications are necessary to imp1 ement the proposed development plan, and to review the newer land use control techniques which might be advantageous for the City to adopt. The Imp1 ementation Strategy for the Ti tusvill e Comprehensive P1 an consists of, the following steps: 1) Review of the existing zoning map and the proposed development plan suggests significant similarities. Some changes to the existing zoning map which should be considered consist of additional restricted space. This can be readily seen by comparing the Zoning District Map and the proposed Development Plan. The proposed area classified as restricted on the Development Plan and not shown as S-1, Special Conservation, on the Zoning Map should be included as S-1, Special 1 Conservation. As previously discussed, it is anticipated that to the year 2000 the Central Business District (CBD) of Titusville will I' support the Oi 1 Creek Val ley Region and other peripheral communi ties. 6 This will probably require the expansion of the existing C-1, Commercial District. The limits of this expansion are shown on the proposed 3 Development Plan. Some consideration should also be given to determining whether the Limited Industrial Zone west of Chestnut Street in the north central portion of the City should remain. If this zoning district were eliminated, future residential development in that area could occur when the non-conform ng users would cease to function. I 229 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2) The planned unit development requirements as contained in the zoning ordinance tie the development density to that which is permitted within the district in which the proposed plan is located. The future need for housing might be better served by tying the planned unit develop- ment density to a specific land use intensity. While this concept could provide for more intense development, it would also provide clearer standards for development, as well as permit the flexibility for develop- ment requirements. The land use intensity system concept has been previously discussed and a step-by-step procedure for calculating land use requirements at a given land use intensity rating is contained in the appendix of this Comprehensive Plan. 1 3) During the preparation of the Development Plan, the current penetration ’ of professional uses into the residential areas of the City was I discussed. It was subsequently determined by the planning commission that professional conversions in the residential areas should be per- h mitted. It was also determined that a strict interpretation of the il off-street parking requirements should be enforced and that where the off-street requirements could not be met that professional establ ishments ? would be required to locate in the commercial districts. It is the recommendation of the planning commission that all efforts be undertaken t to encourage professional movements into the central business district. 4 This to some extent, can be done by a strict interpretation of the off- street parking requirements. Since parking problems have been experi- i enced in certain residential areas which contain professional offices, it is the recommendation of this Plan that some consideration be given 8 1 230 1 1 3 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN to upgrading the parking space requirements. Off-street parking space for professional offices should be upgraded to one space for every employee plus one additional space for every two hundred fifty (250) square feet of floor space. 4) Due to the pressures of those persons within the City of Titusville interested in maintaining status quo and the pressure of land speculators future discussions and confrontations will undoubtedly ensue relative to the preservation of unique architectural structures and/or historical structures. This is particularly true with those structures that can be converted for office or apartment use and those properties which contain a structure which, when demolished, would provide an ideal loca- tion for either apartments or professional office uses. It is the .. position of the City to encourage and assist with the placement of all structures el igi ble for the National Register of Historic Places in conjunction with the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission Bureau for Historic Preservation. It is the further recommendation of this Plan that all efforts be made to maintain, at a minimum, the external design and treatment of the architecturally unique or historic structure and that major renovation and architectural changes be confined to the interior of the structure. 23 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN 5) Due to the interdependence of the communities within the Oil Creek Valley Region, it is the recommendation of this Plan that consideration be given to establishing a continuing means of communication for planning purposes among the various municipalities as described in this Compre- hensive P-as being a part of the Oil Creek Valley Regional Community. In the planning process, it is necessary to coordinate planning and zoning activities so that externalities do not impact negatively on abutting land. A council of governments, a regional commission, or a similar organization could provide the necessary exchange and coordina- tion in planning and zoning activities. 6) The Titusvil le Comprehensive Plan contains other plan recommendations which may not particularly relate to land use control. These plan recommendations are contained in the summary or plan recommendations section of each individual element. Immediate steps should be undertaken by the various bodies responsible to implement the varied aspects of the City' s comprehensive plan. 232 Appendix I I APPENDIX TITUSVILLE AREA INDUSTRIES DATA ON .YMCA & YWCA . .. LAND USE INTENSITY RATIO TABLE REFERENCES & SOURCES T'ITUSV'ILLE AREA 'INDUSTRIES c 8 1 TITUSVILLE AREA INDUSTRIES EMPLOYEES Allied Ro4l Builders, Inc. Rolls of All Types and 45 t R.D. #2, Titusville, PA 16354 sizes for virtually a1 1 (Richard Lane) 827-2781 industry. Bradford Pipe & Supply Co. Distri butor of oi 1 we1 1 2 R.D. #2, Titusville, PA 16354 & water well equipment. I 827-7105 Colonial Machine Co, Machine piping and 40 West $ te S reet 27 61 easantvi f Ye, 16341 components. I 589-7033 (Barry Mal 1ory) Cross Creek Motor Resort Recreations resort; golf, 112 R.D. #3, Titusville, PA 16354 swim, seasonal outdoor (seasonal ) 1 (Terry Meddock) 827-9611 activities. (variation) Eager Beaver Lumber Co. Lumber milling. 30 I R.D. #1, Townville, PA 16360 (Rex Carpenter) 1 Ernst Iron Works Heavy fabricated steel 55 221 S. Perry St., Titusville, PA sections. 1 Frank Ernst, V.P.., 827-2774 Fisher & Young Lumber Co. Lumber mill wholesale; * 50 R.D. #2, Titusville, PA I (Char1 es Rodgers) 827-3684 GKO Enterprises Machine shop jobbing. 60 R.D. #2, Titusville, PA 16354 1 (Will iam Grandin) 827-2765 GTE Sylvania Electronic components 213 Fieldmore Rd. , R.D. #2 sockets, lamps holders, I Titusville, PA 16354 bases. 589-707 1 t Gage Company Industrial mill supplies 17 421 S. Perry St, Titusville, PA distributors. E (Bud Hendrickson) 827-1835 Hasbrouck Sand & Gravel Sand, gravel , a1 1 grades, 20 I R.D. #4, Hydetown, PA 16328 earthmovi ng contract i ng , (Herb Hasbrouck) 827-1721 ready-mix concrete. 1 I I Horn Texti 1e Company Ribbon , tapes , bi ndi ng 27 508 N. Brown St., Titusville f (Jack Steinbuhler) 827-6431 Carman Spears Lumber, Inc. Who1 esal e concentration 13 631 W. Central Avenue yard with a battery of 1 Titusville, PA dry kilns 8 EMPLOYEES Interstate Pipe & Supply Co. Distributor of oil well 3 S. Kerr Street, Titusville & water well piping pumps (D. Sal ttmann) 827-1241 and.supplies, oil field equ 1pmen t . Keystone Casting Corp. Manufactures gray and 24 Fieldmore Rd, R.D. #2 ductile iron foundry. Titusvi 11 e, PA 16354 (R. Proper, Sr.) 589-7021 Keystone Honing Corp. Job honing and boring 47 Ti tusvill e Industrial Park hone tubing suppl i ers , McKinney R., MR #5 hydraul ic 1 ift mfcp Titusville, PA 16354 (Ross Case1 1 a) 827-9641 Marsh Gauge Pole Company Gauge poles for tank 8 312 W. Central Ave, Titusville measurements. (Leo Dwol ing) 827-6913 Mercer Spring & Wire Co. Spring & wire of all types. 44 Townville, PA 16360 Oil Creek Plastics Plastic pipe & specialties. 40 R.D. #2, Titusville, PA 16354 (Char1 es Poux) 827-3661 Otto-Cupler Torpedo Co. Oi 1 we1 1 explosives. 7 231 Main Street P1 easantvi 1 1e, PA 16341 (L. Howard) 589-7121 POLAMCO Precision grinding/ boring 17 National Forge Complex equipment East Central Avenue Ti tusvi 11 e, PA 16354 (John Harris) Quaker State Oil Refining Co. Production of crude oil 147 1001 East Spring Street and pipeline operation. Ti tusvi 11 e, PA 16354 (James Bai 1ey) 827-1841 Queen Cutlery Co. Compl ete 1i ne of qual i ty 125 507 Chestnut Street cutlery and knives. Titusville, PA (Bob Stamp) 827-3673 Robinson's, Inc. Wallpaper & paint, a mail 36 225 W. Spring St, Titusville order house (also retail) (Ned Stan1 ey) 8271893 '. '. Skat Oil Company Marketers of petroleum 25 617 E. Central Ave, Titusville products. (Jason Nevi 11e) 827-3623 8 EMPLOYEES Specialty Machine & Hydraulics Specialty machining and 4 (National Forge Compl ex) hydraulic repair. I Titusville, PA (Richard 01 son) 827-2001 8 Ti tusvi 11e Dairy Products Milk & dairy products. 26 217 S. Washington St, Ti tusvi 11e (0. C1 eary) 827-1833 I Ti tusvi 11 e Supply Company Ready-mix concrete. (See Hasbrouck R.D. #4, Hydetown, PA 16328 Sand & Gravel) I (Herb Hasbrouck) 827-6041 . Tonys Pizza & Sandwich Svc. Frozen pizza and food 5 Ti tusvil 1 e Industrial Park special ties. I McKinney R., MR 5, Titusville, (Mike Reading) 827-9460 . Trans Penn Oil Company Processing & marketing oil. 6 8 617 East Central Avenue Titusville, PA S (Jason Nevi1 1e) 827-3623 Trans Penn, Wax Specialty waxes of a1 ki nds. 31 1100 E. Main St, Titusville I (A. W. Carl son) 827-3609 Uni versa1 Cyclops Speci a1 ty Tool steel , stainless 8'' 900 1 Steel Division high temp. a1 loys , bar. 701 E. Spring St, Titusville (Gene A1 tman) 827-3641 1 Windy Hill Farms Cattle & grain production. 7 R. D. #3, Titusville, PA I (James Berry) 827-7212 Grand Valley Manufacturing Co. Job machining. 66 220 S. Washington St, Titusville I (H. Richard Ewi ng) 827-2707 Titusville Fabricators, Inc. Engineers & fabricators 12 113 W. Mechanic Street of reinforcing bars and I Ti tusvil 1 e, PA 16354 wire mesh. Sparty Wood, Manufactures of furniture 80 I Div. of Semac, Ind. lumber & hardwood pallets, Fairview Road, R. D. #2 buyers of standing timber. 'I Spartansburg, PA 16434 Emeral d Resources Oil and gas leasing & 4 127 W. Central Avenue drill ing subcontract Titusville, PA 16354 drilling. 1 (Dan Graham) 827-2459 1 cam/December 1980 8 PATA ON YMCA € YWCA 8 I Y.M.C.A. HISTORY IN BRIEF' t On Monday evening June 10, 1912, The Young Men's Christian Association of Titusville elected a Board of Trustees. The meeting was held in the Presbyterian Chapel with the following elected to serve: J.L. Emerson, 1 C.N. Paine, W.C. Varner, D. Colestock, S. Grumbine, C.S. Barret. July 1, 1912, W.C. Warner was elected Chairman of the Trustees. I Also on this date it was moved by J.L. Emerson, seconded by D. Colestock that the president and secretary be requested to proceed to get the deed from J.J. Carter, and by this act the Trustees of the Young Men's Christ- 1 ian Association of Titusville, PA, do hereby accept the offer of the build- ing lot at the west corner of Spring and Washington Streets in Titusville, I PA. In the summer of 1912, fundraising for the building was held, the provisions were that the building was ta cost no more than $50,000.00 and another $25,000.00 was to be held in funds for maintainence, but in one week this was raised, 1 and $11,000.00 more. A pretty good fundraiser for 1912. I The Young Men's Christian Association is located at 201 X. Spring Street, in Titusville, PA, and sits on the corner of Spring and Ilashington Streets. 8 The Y.M.C.A. is a three story brick composition building with steel and wood beam construction. The niain structure occupies an area approximatly 100 feet by 70 feet. In addition to its three floors above ground level, 1 the Y.M.C.A. mzkes full use of an underground story for several program areas. The Y.M.C.A. has many facilities for all ages, that include a gymnasium, 8 indoor swimming poo1,fitness center, health club, running track, 24 room dormitory, youth lobby, sauna, and steam room. 8 The Y.K.C.A. has a full staff to complirient a full program, and here are the stef menbers: John Kocan, Executive Director, John Karkovich, Fnys- ical Director, Holly Ruot, Women's Physical Direc'br, Cindy Xagner, Aquatic 8 Director, Jon Landas, Adiinistrative Assistant, Cheri Schoch, Secretary, Pamella hstrong, Physical Department Control Opera'br, Cynthia Kahnell, Physical Department Control Operator, Victoria 3or;nley, Dormitory Xatron, 8 George latill, Kdntainence, Sallie me, Kinderschool CoorcEnator, Pamella oney, Trogram Aide. The Titusville Y.M.C.A. at this time has about 1,300 members, and has many 8 programs for all ages from Toddlers to Sr. Citizens, both Men and Women. I Expansions in the future will .be dictated by need. I t November 17, 1980 FOR: THE TITUSVILLE PLANNING COMMISSION PREPARED BY: THELMA J. BLOOD, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, YWCA SUBJECT : TITUSVILLE YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION VATE: NOVEMBER 77, 79b0 TlTUSVl LLE YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRlSTlAN ASSOClATlON HISTORY Oganized a6 a non-ptro6i.t mmbmkip oganizdon in I917 to me& fie nee& 06 women and g.itces in .the TLtu~vLtXemea. NdonuUy, fie YWCA A ova 120 yem old. MEMBERSHIP Membmkip A open .to any woman ova &ave yem 06 age. 1980 mmbmhip A appJzoXima.t&y 1,000. NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES BUl LVlNGS 1. The Ruidence BLLieding pmvides hawing dott 4ix wotrking gabmeen the age6 06 18 and 35. The toom me may4 @Ued and .the .th wu&y a wacting Ut. Chau, me.etinga and admininaku5ve oddicu me dohowed in LU bLLCeding. 2. Advitiu Bulceding houu a cornpkte Ceub 6otr women, a gym., and iwo activ.LtLu troonu. SPECTAL COMMUNZTY SERVICES 1980 - 19g1 1. CONTACT LlNE - a iwenty-daw houh phone fie bot in6otrmaLLon about any hwnan betrvice agencies in .the &ive-cowzty mu a6 w& a6 a &A fine dot Uedidavehon cowetotrd dot vi- 06 'rape otr domu;tic vhlence. 2. sade Uowe Ptrogm - givu 4ch00l childtren a place ab g& hdp in cane 06 emmgenciu going a otr @om ~choo.&. 3. Teenage phcgnancy Ptrevedon oddcu.6 hex educatiofl .to Mea youth otr youth gmup a4 w& M coUn6dLng teenagm and RhhpmeLtt6. lt aibo od6m wohhopb dot patrents and leadm de& make comdohZably KWl hUmm sexuamy. FUTURE PLANS To cohnue to oddm pmgtram and bmvicu doti women and ga. Tlzue WLee codnue ab change a6 the needs and demand change. We ~h& contLnue .to upda.te ow bulcedingb which me bound and Amviceable. LANV USE ZNTENSZTY RATIO TABLE LUI RATIO TABLE LUI FAR OS R LSR RSR OCR ----ITCR I LUI ! I +d 1 3.0 .loo 8.0 6.5 .25 2 .o 2.2 3.0 3. I 107 7.4 5.8 -24 1.9 2.1 3.2 .115 6.9 5-2 .23 1.9 2.1 3.3 .I23 6.4 4.7 .23 I .8 2.0 3.3 3.4 ,132 5.9 4.2 .22 1.7 1 .,9 3.4 3.5 -141 5.5 3.8 .21 1,. 7 1.9 3.5 3.6 . I52 5.1 3.5 .20 31 1.6 1.8 3.6 I J. ' ,162 4 .8 3.3 .20 1.6 1.3 3.7 3.8 .I74 4.4 3.0 .19 1.5 1.7 3.8 3.9 .I87 4.2 2.8 .19 1.5 1.7 3.9 I 4.0 1 ,200 3.8 2.6 .18 1.4 1.6 4.0 4,1 ,214 3.6 .2.4 a 18 1.4 1.6 4.1 4.2 ,230 3.3 2.2 .17 1 :4 1.5 4.2 4.3 .246 3.0 2.0 .!6 1.3 1.5 4.3 4.4 .264 2.8 1.8 .I6 1.3 1.5 4.4 4.5' ,283 2.6 1.7 .15 1.2 1.4 4.5 I 4.6 I .303 2.4 1.5 .15 1.2 1.4 4.6 4, ? ,325 2.2 1.4 .I4 1.2 1.3 4.7 48 .348 2.1, 1.3 .I4 1.1 1.3 4.8 4.9 .373 *I *9. 1.2 .14 1.1 1.3 4.9 5.0 .400 1.8 1.1 .13 1.1 1.2 5 .O 5.1 .429 1.7 1 .o .13 1 .o 1.2 5.1 5.2 .459 1 .€ .97 .I2 1 .o 1.2 5.2 5.3 .492 1.5 .84 .12 .99 1.1 5.3 ~jI 5.4 1 .528 1.4 .?7 .12 .96 1.1 5.4 1.3 5'5 .566 .71 .ll .93 1.1 ~ 5.5 5.6 .606 1.2 .66 .1 I .90 1 .o 5.6 8 57 ,650 1.1 .61 .10 .87 1 ,o 5.7 58 .69G 1.0 .57 .10 .84 .99 5.8 5-9 ,746 .91 .53 .IO .82 ., 96 5'9 6 .O ,800 .85 .50 .10 .79 .93 6 .O 6:l .857 .80 .46 .09 :7? .90 6.1 6.2 .?I9 .74 .43 .09 .74 .87 6.2 6.3 .985 .70 -40 .09 .?2 ! 85 6.3 1 1 LUI - Land Use Intensity FAR - Floor Area Ratio RSR - Recreation Space Ratio OSR - Open Space Ratio OCR - Occupant Car Ratio LSR - Livability Space Ratio TCR - Total Car Ratio 1 I R €FERENCES I E SOURCES I t I I I I I 1 8 I 8 8 ‘8 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN APPEND I X REFERENCES AND SOURCES PLANNING REFERENCES AND REPORTS Annual Audits for the City of Titusville, 1975-1979. Approved Budget for the City of Titusville, 1980. Building & Demolition Permits, 1970-1980, Titusville Building & Zoning Office Codified Ordinances of the City of Titusville, 1978, Part 13 - Zoning Code; which includes Zoning Ordinance (Title I), Mobile Home Park Regulations (Title I), Planned Unit Development Requirements (Title I), Subdivision Regulations (Title 3), and Floodplain Management Regulations (Title 5). Housing Survey, 1977, Titusville Planning Commission. Housing Survey, 1980, Tltusville Planning Commission. Industrial Prospectus - Oil Creek Valley Region, Titusville Industrial Fund, Inc. Master Plan for the Titusville Airport, 1975; Northwest Engineering, Inc. Oil Creek Valley Region Comprehensive Plan (The), 1972; Beckman, Yoder, and Seay,- Inc. Parking Survey, December, l980-Januaryy 1981, Titusville Planning Commission. Report on Improvements to the Water Supply and Distribution System, 1980, The Chester Engineers. Study and Report on Water Supply and Distribution System, 1974, The Chester Engineers. Supplementary Reports for the Oi 1 Creek Val 1 ey Joint P1 anning Commission, 197-; Beckman, Yoder, and Seay, Inc. Titusville Comprehensive Plan, 1959. 'I Ti tusvi 11 e Comprehensjve P1 an, 1967. Titusville Housing Market Analysis, 1978-79; including 1978 Rough Draft and Summary Report, 1979; Planning Resources, Inc. Titusville Neighborhood Analysis; Beckman-Swenson-Associates TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN REFERENCES AND SOURCES APPEND1 X CONTINUED TECHNICAL AND STATISTICAL REFERENCES Reports and Leqi sl ation Census Counts for 1950, 1960, & 1970; 1980 Preliminary Census Count, Bureau of 8 the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce. Census of Retail Trade, 1977, Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce. Census of Wholesale Trade, 1977, Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce. Fiscal Management Handbook, Department of Community Affairs, Commonwealth of I Pennsylvania, 1973. Highway Functional Classification Study, 1980, Pennsylvania Department of 8 Tran spo rta t i on. I Local Government Unit Debt Act, as amended (Act 185 of 1972), Commonwealth of Pennsyl van i a. Pennsylvania Industrial Census, Series Re1 ease Nos. M-5-70, M-5-72 , M-5-74, M-5-76, M-5-78, M-5-80; Pennsylvania Department of Commerce. Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, Act 247 of 1968 as amended by Act 93 of 1972; Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. I Pennsylvania's Recreation Plan: Summary, 1976, Governor's Office of State. Planning and Development. Pennsylvania Statistical Abstract, Survey of Current Business, 1978, U. S. Department of Commerce. Pennsylvania Stormwater Management Act, PL 864, Act 167; October 4, 1978. Population Estimates and Projections (Series P-25, No. 686), Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce, 1977. Population Projections, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources. Recreation Close to Home, 1977, PA Department of Community Affairs. Books 8 Local Population and Employment Projection Techniques; by Michael R. Greenberg, Donald A. Krueckeberg, and Connie 0. Michaelson with assistance from Richard I Mautner and Nancy Newman; The Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J.; 1978. I I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN REFERENCES AND SOURCES APPEND1 X CONTINUED 1 Park Planning Handbook; Monty L. Christiansen; John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New 8 York; 1977. Practice of Local Government Planning (The); edited by David S. Arnold, Frank S. So. Israel Stol lman, and Frank Beal ; pub1 ished by International City Management- 1 Association in cooperation with American P1 anning Association; 1979: Urban Planning and Design Criteria, 2nd Edition; Joseph DeChiara and Lee 1 Koppelman; Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, New York; 1975. I OTHER SOURCES Benson Memori a1 Library City of Titusvi 11e Manager and Departmental Employees 8 Community Health Services of Crawford County Crawford Area Transit Authority Crawford County Assessor's Office I Crawford County Office of the Aging Crawford County P1 anning Commi ssion Creative Play School 1 Grandview Health Care, Inc. Harry T. Kerr Five County Adult Skills Center Health Systems, Inc. of Western Pennsylvania, Erie, PA Insurance Services Office, Pittsburgh, PA I Northwest Pennsylvania Regional Planning & Development Commission Office of Employment Security, Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry (northwestern PA), Erie, PA I Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs, Region VI, Erie, PA Presbyterian Home (The) 1 St. Titus School Titusville Area School District Titusville Counseling Center I Titusvi I1e Hospital Titusvi 11e Leisure Services Board and Director Titusvi 11 e United Way University of Pittsburgh at Titusville 8 Y .M. C.A. Y .LJ. C .A. TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I APPEND1 X 1 REFERENCES AND SOURCES I Ti tusvi 11e Comprehensi ve P1 an, 1959. 8 Ti tusvi 1 1e Comprehensi ve P1 an , 1967 Titusville Housing Market Analysis, 1978-89; including 1978 Rou.gh Draft and I Summary Report, 1979 ; P1 anni ng Resources, Inc. Annual Audits for the City of Ti tusvi lle, 1975-1979. 8 Approved Budget for the City of Titusville, 1980. Master P1 an for the Ti tusvi 11e Ai rport, 1975; Northwest Engi neeri ng , I nc . I Housi ng Survey, 1977, Ti tusvi 11 e Planni ng Commission. I Housing Survey, 1980, Ti tusville Planning Commission. Bui 1di ng & Demo1 i ti on Permi ts , 1970-1 980, Ti tusvi 11e Bu 1 di ng & Zoning Off ce. 1 Study and Report on Water Supply and Distribution System, 1974, The Chester Engineers . 1 Report on Improvements to the Water Supply and Distribution System, 1980, The Chester Engineers . I Parki ng Survey , Dec. 1980 - Jan. 1981 , Ti tusvi 11e P1 anni ng Commission. Ti tusvi 1 le Neighborhood Analysis ; Beckman*Swenson.Associates. 1 -Codified Ordinances of the City of Titusville, 1978, Part 13 - Zoning Code; which includes Zoning Ordinance (Title I), Mobile Home Park Regulations (Title I), Planned Unit Development Requirements (Title I), Subdivision Regulations (Title 3), 8 and Floodplain Management Regulations (Title 5). The Oil Creek Valley Region Comprehensive Plan, 1972; Beckman, Yoder, and Seay, Inc. 8 Supplementary Reports for the Oil Creek Valley Joint Planning Commission, 197-; Beckman, Yoder, and Seay, Inc. Industrial Prospectus - Oil Creek Valley Reqion, Ti tusville Industrial Fund, Inc. I 1950, 1960, & 1970 Census Counts; 1980 Preliminary Census Count, Bureau of the Census, U. S. Dept. of Commerce. 8 I TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN REFERENCES AND SOURCES I APPEND1 X CONTINUED 8 Population Estimates and Projections (Series P-25, No. 686), Bureau of the 8 Census, U. S. Department of Commerce, 1977. Census of Retail Trade, 1977, Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce. I Census of Wholesale Trade, 1977, Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce. Pennsylvania Statistical Abstract, Survey of Current Business , 1978, U. S. I Department of Commerce. Pennsyl vani a Indus tri a1 Census, Seri es Release Nos. M-5-70, M-5-72, M-5-74 , 8 M-5-76, M-5-78, M-5-80; Pennsylvania Department of Commerce. 1980 Hiqhway Functional Classification Study, Pennsylvania Department of I Transportation. Pennsylvania's Recreation Plan: Summary, 1976, Governor's Office of State t P1 anni ng and Devel opment. Recreation Close to Home, 1977, PA Department of Community Affairs. I Pennsylvania Stormwater Management Act, PL 864, Act 167; October 4, 1978. Local Government Unit Debt Act, as amended (Act 185 of 1972), Commonwealth of 1 Pennsyl vani a. Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, Act 247 of 1968 as amended by Act 93 I of 1972; Commonweal th of Pennsylvania. Population Projections, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources. 1 Fiscal Manaqement Handbook, Department of Community Affairs, Commonwealth of Pennsyl vani a , 1973. 8 Local Population and Employment Projection Techniques; by Michael R. Greenberg, Donald A. Krueckeberg, and Connie 0. Michaelson with assistance from Richard Mautner and Nancy Newman; The Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers Uni versi ty , I New Brunswick, N.J.; 1978. Park Planning Handbook; Monty L. Christiansen; John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New I York; 1977. The Practice of Local Government Planning; edited by Gavi d S. arnold, Frank S. So, Israel Stollman, and Frank Beal; published by International City Management 1 Association in cooperation with American Planning Association; 1979. i 1 TITUSVILLE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN REFERENCES AND SOUFCES APPENDIX CONTINUED 1 Urban Planning and Design Criteria, 2nd Edition Joseph DeChiara and Lee Koppelman; Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., N ew York New York; 1375. City of Titusville Manager and Departmental. . Emp oyees . _.- Ti tusvi 11e Lei sure Services Board and Di rector Crawford County Planning Commission Crawford County Office of the Aging Crawford County Assessor's Office Crawford Area Transit Authority Ti tus vi 11e Uni ted Way Y .M.C.A. Y.W.C.A. Ti tusvi 1 le Hospi tal Grandview Health Care, Inc. The Presbyterian Home Communi ty Heal th Servi ces of Crawford County Ti tusvi 1 le Counsel i ng Center Oil Creek Area Ambulance Service Titusville Area School District Creative Play School St. Titus School Harry T. Kerr Five County Adult Skills Center Uni versi ty of Pi ttsburgh at Ti tusvi 1 le Benson Memori a1 Library Northwest Pennsyl vani a Regi onal Planni ng and Oevel opment Commi ssi on Offi ce of Gnpl oyment Securi ty , Pennsyl vani a Department of Labor and Industry (northwestern PA) , Erie , PA. Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs , Region VI,. Erie, PA. Health Systems, Inc. of Western Pennsylvania, Erie, PA. Insurance Services Office, Pittsburgh, PA. TITUSVILLE REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY Box 103, 150 W. Central Avenue Ti tusvi 11e, PA 16354 PROJECT STAFF Robert E. Myers Executive Director Alan 11. Carmen* Planner Martha L. Karuba Planner Roberta G. Averill Administrative Assistant I I * Resigned December 15, 1980 8 I I NORTHWEST ENGINEERING, INCi MAIN OFFICE P. 0. Box Q, R. D. 1 I Tidioute, PA 16351 (81 4) 484-3504 I BRANCH OFFICES 2635 West 26th Street Erie, PA 16506 (81 4) 833-3908 3597 East State Street Herrni tage, PA 16148 (41 2) 981 -4423 505 West Main Street Smethport, PA 16749 I (814) 887-5689 Northwest Surveyi ng, Inc. 6 East Second Street Coudersport, PA 16915 (814) 274-7028 1 I PROJECT STAFF Mourice G. Wal tz, V. P. Chief P1 anner Harold C. Bloomgren, Jr., V. P. Environmental Consultant A. G. Burlbaugh, P. E. Engineering, Consultant Kathryn P. Hill P1 anner Carolyn L. Hemphill P1 anni ng Techni ci an 1 Thomas W. Darby Graphics I Carol A. Miller C1 eri cal I I