LIST OF PLATES

Title Page No. Fig. 3.1, Junagadh, Ashokan Rock Edict 63 Fig. 3.2, Fragment,6th Pillar Inscription, British Meseum 63 Fig. 3.3, Abhiraka, copper coin early 1st century CE 64 Fig. 3.4, Bhumaka, copper coinc. early 1st century CE 64 Fig. 3.5The silver Coin of Bhumaka 65 Fig 3.6, Coin of Nahapana , now In British Museum 65 Fig. 3.7, Coin of the Western Kshatrapa ruler RudrasimhaI 66 Fig. 3.8, Coin of the Western Satrap Chastana 66 Fig.3.9, Silver coin of RudradamanI 67 Fig. 3.10, Coin of Rudrasena I 67 Fig.3.11,Coin of the last Western Satrap ruler Rudrasimha III (388– 68 395). Fig. 3.12, Silver coin of Satavahana king 68 VashishthiputraShatakarnic.160 CE. Fig. 3.13, Coin of Gautamiputra YajnaSatakarni ( 167–196 CE). 69 Fig. 3.14, Uparkot caves, Junagadh. 69 Fig .3.15, Bawapyara caves, Junagadh. 70 Fig. 3.16, KhaparaKodia caves Junagadh. 70 Fig. 3.17,Khambalida caves 71 Fig. 3.18, Talaja caves, Bhavnagar 71 Fig. 3.19, KadiaDungar, . 72 Fig. 3.20, Dhank caves, Gujarat. 72 Fig. 3.21, Sana caves 73 Fig.3.22, Siyot caves, Kutch 73 Fig. 3.23, Siyot caves 74 Fig. 3.24, 74 Fig. 3.25, 75 Fig. 3.26, , 75 Fig.3.27, Bedsa caves. 76 Fig. 3.28, , Pune 76 Fig. 3.29, Karla caves, 77 Fig. 3.30, caves 77

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Fig. 3.31, Pandav Leni, Nashik 78 Fig. 3.32, caves, Aurangabad 78 Fig. 3.33, Excaveted Buddhist Monastery, (Gujarat) 79 Fig. 3.34,The site of Sopara at Thane (Mahatrashtra) 79 Fig. 3.35, Bronze Buddha, Bhuj 80 Fig. 3.36, Relic Caskets found from Sopara 81 Fig. 3.37, Pieces of railing of Pauni 2nd -1st century BC. ( 81 ) Fig.3.38, Terracota, Vadnagar, Gujarat. 82 Fig. 3.39.Casket with rwlics of Buddha from Devnimori, Gujarat. 83 Chapter IV Fig. 4.1, Gandhara Art and Art 108 Fig. 4.2, Lord Buddha, Gandhara Sclupture 108 Fig. 4.3, Early Mahayana Buddhist triad.From left to right, a Kushan devotee,Metreya, the Buddha, Avalokiteshwara and a Buddhist monk. 109 2nd –3rd century, Gandhara. Fig. 4.4, Amarawati School 110 Fig. 4.5, Panel showing Buddha's life Gupta Age, c. 5th century from 111 School of Art. Fig.4.6, Image of Buddha, Gupta Age, 5th cent. C.E. 112 Fig. 4.7, Buddha Figure 5th century C.E. 112 Chapter V Fig.5.1, Karla Pillar 170 Fig. 5.2, griha at Bedsa, pune, 1st century CE. 170 Fig.5.3, Chaityagriha , ,Maharashtra. 171 Fig. 5.4, Chaityagriha, Ajanta 171 Fig. 5.5, Sana Stupa 172 Fig 5.6, Talaja facade 172 Fig.5.7, Facade of Pitalkhora, Maharashtra, Fig. 173 Fig. 5.8, Nasik caves, 2nd century CE, 173 Fig. 5.9, Facade of Karla caves, Pune 174 Fig.5.10, Façade, Bedsa caves, Pune, Maharashtra 174 Fig. 5. 11, Facade of Bava Pyara caves, Junagadh 175 Fig.5.12, Façade, Cave No. 9 Ajanta 175 Fig. 5.13, Pillar intricately carved Cave No.2, Ajanta 176

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Fig.5.14, Ellora, Facade of Vishwakarma Cave No. 10, 176 Fig.5.15, Bhaja, Chaityagriha, Cave No. 10, Pune, Maharashtra 177 Fig.5.16, Three Storeyed , Ellora 177 Fig. 5.17, Junagdh Uparkot caves double storied 178 Fig.5.18, Karla chaitya-grihas, 1st to 2nd century CE. 179 Fig.5.19, Kanheri, Chaityagriha, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 180 Fig.5.20, Facade, Cave 19, Ajanta 180 Fig.5.21, Well of Khapra Kodia caves, Junagadh, Gujarat 181 Fig.5.22, Khapra Kodia caves, Junagadh, Gujarat 181 Fig. 5.23, Pandu Lena, Pillars 182 Fig.5.24, Sana caves pillars 182 Fig.5.25, Pillars of Uparkot caves,Junagadh,Gujarat 183 Fig.5.26, Bava-Pyara, pillars, Junagadh 183 Fig.5.27, Uparkot cave, pillars ornamented with Mithuna 184 Fig. 5.28,Pillar with four lions on the capital, Karle Caves, Pune, 184 Maharashtra Fig.5.29, Uparkot chaitya motif 185 Fig.5.30, Khambhalida, remains of stupa 185 Fig.5.31, Khambhalida, pillars 186 Fig. 5.32 Devanimori Artistic reconstruction of the settlement 186 Fig.5.33,Brick stupa of Sopara, Maharashtra 187 Fig.5.34, Measurements for man and woman images 187 Fig. 5.35, Bodhisattva , Cave No. 23 Ajanta 188 Fig. 5.36 ,The earliest depiction of Indra, Bhaja caves, 2nd century 188 B.C. Fig.5.37, Mithunas, Karle chaitya-griha 189 Fig.5.38, MITHUNAS, CAVE 3, Kanheri, 2nd century CE 190 Fig..5.39, Elephant riders, pillar capitals, Karle chaitya-griha. 190 Fig. 5.40,Riders on horses atop tall pillars, Bedsa, 1st century CE. 191 Fig.5.41,Fragments of sculptural art from Siyot caves, Gujarat, 191 antiquities Fig..5.42, Buddha head from Devnimori 192 Fig.5.43,Image of Buddha, Mathura school of Art, Vadnagar 193 Fig.5.44, Tara Image from Taran ,Dharan Mata temple Taranga Hills 194 Gujarat (9thc.CE.to 11thc.CE.)

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Fig.5.45 Bhuddha Pralambapad Position 195 Fig. 5. 46: Tara Image at Taranga Hill with Buddha,Avalokiteshwara 196 Padmapani and other deities of Tara Mandala Fig.5.47, Iconographical features of Buddha image 197 Mudras (hand gestures) Bhoomisparsh Mudra Abhayamudra Dharmachakramudra Varadamudra Dhyan Mudra Vitarkamudra Ardhaparyankasana Lalita-asana Fig. 5.48, Asana Pralambhpadasana or Bhadrasana 202 Fig.5.49, Bhuj, Kachcha : A bronze image of Buddha belonging to 6th 203 -7th century CE. (Fergussion Museum) Fig. 5.50, Dhyani Buddhas in Jogida ni Gufa, Taranga Hill, Gujarat 204 Fig. 5.51,Bodhisattva vajrapani with his mandala,Khambalida caves, 204 Gujarat Fig.-5.52, Avalokiteshwara Padmapani with his mandala, Khambalida, 205 Gujarat Fig.5.53, Eleven headed Avalokiteshwara ,Kanheri caves,Maharashtra 205 Fig. 5.54, Image of Simhanad Avalokiteshvara, Bhavnagar, Gandhi 206 Smriti Museum Fig.5.55, Rock-cut Paintings, Idar, Gujarat 207 Fig. 5.56, Pillar carved and painted Cave no. 16, Ajanta 207 Fig.5.57, Ajanta,Cave No. 17 Mural 208 Fig. 5.58, Paintings of Buddha on the pillars of Pitalkhora 208 Fig. 5.59, Kanheri cave Painting 209 Chapter VI (Maps) Fig.6.1, Bhuddist sites of 217 Fig.6.2, Advent of Bhuddism in Western India 218 Fig.6.3, Buddhist sites of Gujarat 219 Fig.6.4, Buddhist sites in Maharashtra 220

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