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Technology options for aged care in

Noriko Dethlefs University of Wollongong

Dethlefs, Noriko, Technology options for aged care in Japan, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Faculty of Arts, University of Wollongong, 2002. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1740

This paper is posted at Research Online.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY (Items cited in the text hsted plus material used as background)

Material in English

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Makino, C, 'Disabled fight for freedom of movement'. The Japan Times, January 28, 2000. Makino, N., 'Four Crises Confronting Japan', Japan Echo, vol.26, no.l, Febmary, 1999. Mann, W., Ottenbacher, K., Frass, L., Tomita, M., & Granger, C, 'Effectiveness of assistive technology and environmental intervention in maintaining independence and reducing home care cost for the frail elderly', Archives of Family Medicine, vol.8, no.3, May-June, 1999. Mann, W., Hurren, D., & Tomita, M., 'Comparison of assistive device use and needs of home-based older persons with different impairments', American Joumal of Occupational Therapy, vol.47, no.ll, November, 1993. Masler, D., 'Japan's working wounded: In Limbo by the Window', Across the Board, vol.25, no.6, June, 1988. Matsuda, S., 'Regulatory effects of health examination programs on medical expenditures for the elderly in Japan', Social Science & Medicine, vol.42, no.5, 1996. Meyer, S., 'Savings and Demographics: Some Intemational Comparisons', Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 1992. Minichiello, V., Alexader, L., & Jones, D., (eds). Gerontology: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Sydney, Prentice Hall of Australia Pty. Ltd., 1992. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Vital Statistics Report 1995, 1996. Mitchinson, R., 'Japan: Panacea or Threat?', Science and Culture, no. 18, 1993. Miyajima, H., 'Japan's Aging Society', Japanese Economic Studies, vol.21, no.6, Winter, 1993-94. Moffet, S., 'Unmarried, No Children: Once told to heed the sound of wedding bells, young Japanese are now relishing the single life'. Time Magazine, September 1, 1997. Moravec, H., 'Rise of the Robots', Scientific American, December, 1999. Mori, T., & Sato, T., 'Care System and Information Technology', Eizoo johoo [Image Information], vol.53, no.l, 1999. — & —, 'Robotic Room: Its concept and realization', Robotics and Autonomous Systems 28, 1999. Morishima, M., Why Has Japan 'Succeeded'?: Westem technology and the Japanese ethos, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1982. Morris-Suzuki, T., Beyond Computia: Information, Automation and Democracy in Japan, London, Kegan Paul Intemational, 1988. —, The Technological Transformation of Japan, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1994. —, 'Invisible Countries: Japan and the Asian Dream', Asian Studies Review, vol.22, no.l, March, 1998.

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Mosk, C, 'Aging in the United States and Japan: Economic Trends', Joumal of Japanese Studies, vol.21, no.2, 1995. Mouer, R., & Sugimoto, Y., Images of Japanese Society, London, Kegan Paul Intemational, 1986. Mullan, P., The Imaginary Time Bomb: Why an Ageing Population is not a Social Problem, London, LB. Tauris, 2000. Murakami, A., 'Collective houses pushed for seniors hving alone', The Japan Times, October I, 2000. Muramatsu, M., 'The Story of Family Planning in Japan', Japan Echo special edition, 1996. Muramatsu, S., & Endo, S., 'A Pioneer's Approach to Home-Care Nursing', Japan Echo, vol.XIX, no.4, Winter, 1992. Muramoto, M., 'The story of family planning in Japan', Japan Echo special edition, 1996. Murphy, R., A History of Asia, New York, Harper Collins College Pubhshers, 1996. Naghdy, G., 'Smart Houses, Who Are Designing Them?', Proceedings of The Fourth Intemational Women in Leadership Conference, Perth, 29 Nov.-l Dec. 1995. —, 'Women, Technology and Power', Selected Paper Proceedings of the Fifth Intemational Women in Leadership Conference, Perth, 1998. Naito, Y., 'A personal declaration of independence for seniors', Japan Times Weekly Intemational Edition, October 23-29, 1995. Nakaki, S., 'Only superwomen need apply'. New Scientist, October 2, 1993. Nakane, C, Japanese Society, New York, Penguin Books, 1973. Nakanishi, N., et. al., 'The association of health management with the health of elderly people'. Age and Ageing, vol.24, no.4, July, 1995. —, et. al., 'Do preventive health services reduce eventual demand for medical care?'. Social Science c& Medicine, vol.43, no.6, 1996. Nakano, I., Shimizu, Y., & Hiraoka, K., 'Measuring the social-care service needs of impaired elderly people in Japan', Ageing and Society, vol.16. May, 1996. Nakayama, S., Science, Technology and Society in Postwar Japan, London and New York, Kegan Paul Intemational, 1991. Nariai, O., History of the Modem Japanese Economy, Tokyo, Foreign Press Center, 1984. Nemoto, J., et. al., 'Seeking a Better Balance Between Leisure and Work', Economic Eye, Spring, 1992. Newell, C, Methods and Models in Demography, Chichester, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1988. New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (Medical and Welfare Equipment Department), (ed). Toward the Realization of a True-Welfare Society, Japan 1999-2000, Tokyo, Technology Research Association of Medical and Welfare Apparatus, 2000.

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New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organisation (NEDO), Technology Research Association of Medical and Welfare Apparatus, NEDO, 1997. —, New Technology 1998, NEDO, 1998. —, New Technology 1999, NEDO, 1999. Newhouse, J., 'How urgent is medical care cost containment?', Japan and the World Economy, vol.5, 1993. Nishimura, J., 'Aged Care in Japan and Austraha: A Comparative Overview', Australian Joumal on Ageing, vol.16, no.3, August, 1997. —, 'Aged Care Policy in Japan' in Dementia Services Development Centre, Dimentia Care: Can we afford the risk?. Biennial Intemational Dementia Conference, June 11-12, 1998. Nishimura, S., 'Financing of Health care for the elderly in Japan: a history of piecemeal revision and lack of long-term solution', Japan and the World Economy, vol.5, 1993. Noguchi, Y., & Wise, D., (eds). Aging in the United States and Japan: Economic Trends, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1994. Nojima, M., 'Japan's approach to continuing education for senior citizens'. Educational Gerontology, vol.20, no.5, July-August, 1994. Nozawa, S., 'Barrier-free Design, MUGEN-KOBO', Fukuoka Stale, vol.8, December 12, 1993. OECD, Ageing in OECD Countries: A Critical Policy Challenge, OECD Social Policy Studies No.20, France, 1996. Ogawa, N., 'Population Ageing and its Impact Upon Health Resource Requirements at Govemment and Famihal Levels in Japan', Ageing and Society, vol.9, 1989. —, 'Care of the Elderly in Japan: Changing Norms and Expectations', Joumal of Marriage and the Family 55, August, 1993. —, 'Impact of Changes in Population and Household Stmcture upon the Allocation of Medical Resources in Japan', Japan and the World Economy, vol.5, 1993. —, 'When the baby boomers grow old', Japan Echo special edition, 1996. Ogawa, N., & Ermisch, J., 'Family Structure, Home Time Demands, and the Employment Patterns of Japanese Married Women', Journal of Labor Economics, vol.14, no.4, 1996. Ogawa, N., & Retherford, R., 'Care of the Elderiy in Japan: Changing Norms and Expectations', Joumal of Marriage and the Family, vol.5, August, 1993. _, & _, 'The Resumption of Fertility Decline in Japan: 1973—92', Population and Development Review, vol.19, no.4, December, 1993. —^ & —, 'Shifting costs of caring for the elderiy back to families in Japan: will it work?', Population and Development Review, vol.23, no.l, March, 1997.

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Ohara, K., Xie, D., et. al, 'The middle-aged generation is at high risk for suicide in Japan: A comparison between the 1950s and the 1980s', ACTA Psychiatrica Scandinavica, July, 1994. Ohkawa, K., Ranis, G., Meissner, L., (ed.), Japan and the Developing Countries, Oxford and New York, Basil Blackwell, 1985. Ohnishi, N., & Sugie, N., 'Visual-auditory interface for machines that serve human'. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 18, 1996. Ohnuki-Tiemey, E., Rice as Self Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1993. Okada, Y., (ed), Japan's Industrial Technological Development: The Role of Comparative Leaming & Institutions, Tokyo, Springer Verlag, 1999. Okamoto, A., 'Japan's Financing System for Health Care of the Elderly', Joumal of Aging & Social Policy, vol.8, no.2/3, 1996. Okamoto, Y., 'Linking Welfare to Medicine for an Old-aged Society', Economic Eye, Summer, 1994. Okimoto, D., Between MITI and the Market: Japanese Industrial Policy for High Technology, Stanford, Calif., Stanford University Press, 1989. Okufuji, N., 'Options for care in a graying society', Japan Echo special edition, 1996. Oliver, A., Ikegami, N., & Ikeda, S., 'Japan's aging population—^implications for healthcare', Pharmacoeconomics, vol.11, no.4, April, 1997. O'neill, H., 'Today soccer, tomorrow the world'. The Weekend Australian SYTE, July 5-6, 1997. Osama, I., et. al., 'Percentage of Elderly and the Use of Welfare Services at City Welfare Offices in Japan', Social Science and Medicine, vol.43, no.ll, 1996. Oshima, S., 'Japan feeling the strains of an aging population'. Science, vol.273, July 5,1996. Ota, M., 'Where are Robots Headed?', Pacific Friend, vol.26, no.l. May, 1998. Otaki, J., 'Considering Primary Care in Japan', Academic Medicine, vol.73, no.6, June, 1998. Pacey, A., 'Technology: practice and culture', in Pacey, A., The Culture of Technology, London, Basil Blackwell, 1983. Palmore, E., The Honorable Elders, North Carolina, Duke University Press, 1975. —, (ed). International Handbook on Ageing: Contemporary Developments and Research, London, Macmillan, 1980. —, 'Is Ageing really better in Japan?', Gerontologist, vol.33, no.5, 1993. Palmore, E., & Maeda, D., The honourable elders revisited: A revised cross-cultural analysis of aging in Japan, Durham, NC, Duke University Press, 1985. Pampel, F., 'Cohort Size and Age-Specific Suicide Rates: A Contingent Relationship', Demography, vol.33, no.3, August, 1996. Papanek, V., Design for the World, London, Thames and Hudson, 1995. Parker, M., & Thorslund, M., 'The use of technical aids among community-based elderly', American Joumal of Occupational Therapy, vol.45, no.8, August, 1991.

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Pearce, F., 'Population bombshell'. New Scientist Inside Science, no.l 12, July II, 1998. —, 'CountingT>ov^n', New Scientist, October 2, 1999. Pearson, J., et. al., 'Elderly suicide: a multi-national view'. Aging & Mental Health, voLl, no.2, 1997. Perez, L., The History of Japan, Westport, Greenswood Press, 1998. Peterson, P., 'Gray dawn: the Global Aging Crisis', Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb, 1999. Plath, D., 'Japan: The After Years', in Aging and Modemization edited by Cowgill, D., & Holmes, L., New York, Madison Corporation, 1972. Prior, S., 'An electric wheelchair mounted robotic arm - a survey of potential users', Joumal of Medical Engineering & Technology, vol.14, no.4, July-August, 1990. Reischauer, E., Japan:The Story of a Nation, Tokyo, Charles F Tuttle, 1970. Retherford, R., Ogawa, N., & Sakamoto, S., 'Values and Fertility Change in Japan', Population Studies, vol.50, 1996. Rip, A., Misa, T., & Schot, J., (eds). Managing Technology in Society, London, Pinter Pubhshers, 1995. Rix, S., 'The Challenge of an Aging Work Force: Keeping Older Workers Employed and Employable', Joumal of Aging & Social Policy, vol.8, no.2/3, 1996. Rovetta, A., 'Remote control in telerobotic surgery', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybemetics - Part A: Systems and Humans, vol.26, no.4, July, 1996. Roberts, G., 'Between Policy and Practice: Japan's Silver Human Resource Centers as Viewed from the Inside', Joumal of Aging & Social Policy, vol.8, no.2/3, 1996. Rodwin, V., 'Health insurance and health pohcy, American and Japanese style: lessons of comparative experience', Japan and World Economy, vol.5, 1993. Ross, C, 'Squeeze put on Japan's Health', Lancet, vol.346, September 23, 1995. Roush, W., 'Live Long and Prosper?', Science, vol.273, July 5, 1996. Saito, M., 'The elderly and information technology'. Proceedings of the IISF/ACM Japan Intemational Symposium, Computers as our Better Partners, March, 1994. Sakashita, Y., et. al., 'Health and Welfare Data on Optical Memory Cards in Isehara City', Medical Informatics, vol.21, no.l, January-March, 1996. Sakaya, T., The Knowledge Value Revolution: or a History of the Future, Tokyo, Kodansha Intemational, 1991. Samuels, R., 'Rich Nation, Strong Army': National Security and the Technological Transformation of Japan, Ithaca, Comell University Press, 1994. Sangwon, S., & Murakami, M., 'A New Stmcture', A^/awee^, September 12, 1997. Sasaki, H., et. al., 'Wih aging of the population make Japan less productive?', /owma/ of the American Geriatric Society, vol.44, no.8, 1996. Sato, A., 'Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology—past 22 years and its future'. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, vol.19, 1994. Sato, T., & Mori, T., 'Robotic Room: Its concept and realisation'. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 28, 1999.

405 Bibliography: Techrwlogy Options for Aged Care in Japan

Schodt, F., Inside the Robot Kingdom, Tokyo and New York, Kodansha Intemational, 1988. Schulz, J., Borowski, A., & Crown, W., Economics of Population Aging: The "Graying" of Australia, Japan, and the United States, Westport, Auburn House, I99I. Sclove, R., Democracy and Technology, New York, The Guildford Press, 1995. Seike, A., 'The employment of older people in Japan and policies to promote it'. Bulletin, vol.133, no. 12/06, 1994. Sethis, S., Namiki, N., & Swanson, C, The False Promise of the Japanese Miracle, Boston, Pitman, 1984. Sheridan, K., Governing the Japanese Economy, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1993. Sherry, A., 'It won't bite: many shun computers—at their own risk'. Far Eastem Economic Review, vol.158, no.24, 1995. Shiver, J., 'US Companies Forsee Rising Demand for Health Services, Equipment in Japan', Modem Healthcare, vol. 17, no.6, March 13, 1987. Shomacher, E., Small is Beautiful: a study of economics as if people mattered, London, Abacus, 1978. Siddiqi, N., Ide, T., Chen, M., & Akamatsu, N., 'A computer-aided walking rehabilitation robot', American Joumal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, vol.73, no.3, June, 1994. Sigurdson, J., Science and Technology in Japan, London, Cartermill Publishing, 1995. Silverman, G., 'Honour thy father'. Far Eastem Review, vol.158, no.9, March 2, 1995. Sodei, T., 'Role of the Family in Long-Term Care', The Keio Joumal of Medicine, vol.47, no.2, 1998. Sokolovsky, J., (ed). The Cultural Context of Aging, Westport, Bergin & Garvey, 1997. Sonn, U., Davegardh, H., Lindskog, A., & Steen, B., 'The use and effectiveness of assistive devices in an elderly urban population'. Ageing (Milano), vol.8, no.3, June, 1996. Sonoda, K., Health and Illness in Changing Japanese Society, Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press, 1988. Steslicke, W., 'Doctors, patients, and govemment in modem Japan', asian survey, vol.XII, no.ll, November, 1972. Stone, J., 'Housing for older persons: an international overview'. Technology & Disability, vol.8, no.1/2, Febmary, 1998. Stone, R., 'Putting a human face on a new breed of robot', Science, vol.21 A, no.5285, October 11, 1996.

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Strom, R., et. al., 'Grandparents in Japan: A Three-Generational Study', Aging and Human Development, vol.40, no.3, 1995.

Sugimoto, M., & Swain, D., Science and Culture in Traditional Japan, Rutiand, Vermont and Tokyo, Charies E. Tuttie Company, 1989 (First published in 1978 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press). Sugimoto, Y., An Introduction to Japanese Society, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997. Suh, S., & Murakami, M., 'A New Structure', Asiaweek, September 12,1997. Suplee, C, 'Robot Revolution', National Geographic, vol.192, no.l, July, 1997. Suzuki, K., 'Equal job opportunity for whom?', Japan Quarterly, July-September, 1996. Takahashi, N., 'Overcoming Fear of an Aged Population'. Japan Echo, vol.24, no.2, June, 1997. Takanishi, A., 'Humanoid Robots: the Goal of Robotics in Japan', Pacific Friend, vol.26, no.l. May, 1998. Takao, Y., 'The Welfare State and its Effect on Munincipal Govemment in Japan: A Case Study', Modem Asian Studies, vol.32, part 4, October, 1998. Takasugi, Y., 'Volunteers Pitch In: Japan's Unique Community Support System', Pacific Friend, vol.25, no.8, December, 1997. Takayama, N., 'Preparing Pubhc Pensions for an Old-Aged Society', Japan Echo, vol.XXI, Special Issue, 1994. Takeuchi, F., Takano, T., & Nakamura, K., 'Mobihty function of the elderiy living with their children and its relation to the home health care system in Tokyo', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol.16, no.4, 1994. Talsma, A., & Abraham, I., 'Nursing and Health Care for an Aging Society: The Case of the Netherlands', Joumal of Gerontological Nursing, September, 1997. Tambini, M., Future, London, Dorling Kindersley, 1998. Tani, T., Koseki, A., Sakai, A., & Hattori, S., 'Control Methods of Walk Training System', JSME Intemational Joumal Series C - Dynamics Control Robotics Design & Manufacturing, vol.40, no.2, June, 1997. Tatsuno, S., The technopolis strategy: Japan, high technology, and the control of the twenty-first century. New York, Prentice Hall Press, 1986. Technoaid Association, 'Fukishiyougu Kenkyuukaihatsu Joseijigyou' [Projects to Assist Research and Development of Welfare Apparatus], Technoaid Assocation of Japan, 1999. Technology Research Association of Medical and Welfare Apparatus (ed). Toward the Realization of a True-Welfare Society, Tokyo, TRAMWA, 1998. Tesar, D., 'Where is the field of robotics going?', in Kaynak, O., et. al., (eds) Recent Advances in Mechatronics, Singapore, Springer, 1999.

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Thang, L., 'The Dancing Granny: Linking the Generations in a Japanese Age- integrated Welfare Centre', Japanese Studies, vol.19, no.2, 1999. Tobin, J., (ed). Re-made in Japan: Everyday Life and Consumer Taste in a Changing Society, New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1992. Toriaki, S., & Matsuoka, S., 'Living and Working with Robots', Nipponia, no.l3, 2000. — 'Robots for the Future', Nipponia, no. 13, 2000. Toriaki, S., & Sakagami, Y., 'Ideas Become Reality—Japan at the Cutting Edge', Nipponia, no. 13, 2000. Traphagan, J., 'Localizing Senility: Aging and Agency among Older Japanese: Report No.98-413', Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, March, 1998. Tsuji, I., et. al., 'Active Life Expectancy Among Elderly Japanese', Joumal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, vol.50A, no.3, 1995. Tsuya, N., & Martin, L., 'Living Arrangements of Elderly Japanese and Attitudes Toward Inheritance', Joumal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, vol.47, no.2, 1992. Uenohara, M., 'Japan's take-lead strategies', chapter 3 in Tatsuno, S., The technology strategy: Japan, high technology, and the control of the twenty-first century, New York, Prentice Hall Press, 1986. United Nations, The Aging of Population and its economic and Social Implication. Population Studies, No. 26, New York, 1956. —, The World Ageing Situation 1991, United Nations Office at Vienna, Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs, 1991. —, World Population Prospects, The 1992 Revision, New York, United Nations, 1993. —, The Sex and Age Distribution of the World Populations, The 1992 Revision, New York, United Nations, 1993. —, The Sex and the Age Distribution of World Population: 1994, New York, 1995. —, The Sex and Age Distribution of the World Population: 1996, New York, 1997. —, World Population Prospects, 1996, New York, United Nations, 1997. —, Demographic Yearbook 1996, New York, United Nations, 1998. Usui, C, & Palley, H., 'The Development of Social Policy for the Elderiy in Japan', Social Services Review, vol.71, no.3, September, 1997. Vogel, E., Japan as Number One, Lessons for America, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1979. Wada, H., 'Retirement at 75: A Doctor's Prescription for the Aged Society', in What is needed for a rapidly aging society. Foreign Press Center, Tokyo, 1997. Wada, S., 'The status and image of the elderiy in Japan: Understanding the patemalistic ideology', in Featherstone, M., & Werrick, A., Images of Aging, London and New York, Routiedge, 1995.

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Wajcman, J., Feminism Confronts Technology, Australia, Allen & Unwin Pubhshers, 1991. Wakasugi, H., & Toyomasu, S., 'The greying of Japan', World Health, vol.49, Geneva, September/October, 1996. Wallace, P., Agequake, London, Nicholas Breasley Publishing Limited, 1999. Watanabe, C, Santoso, I., & Widayanti, T., The Inducing Power of Japanese Technological Innovation, London, Pinter Publishers, 1991. Watanabe, M., The Japanese and Western Science, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1976. Watanabe, Y., & Tsubo, T., 'Forecasting Japanese Health Futures with the BET', Futures, vol.27, no.9/10, 1995. Watts, J., 'Tokyo—Chaos greets birth of insurance system for Japan's elderly'. Lancet, April 8, 2000. Wehrfritz, G., & Takayama, H., 'The Japan that can say yes'. The Bulletin, June 6, 2000. Weijers, T., 'Decision Structures and Technology Diffusion: Technical and Therapeutic Trajectories for Diabetes Care', in Rip, A., Misa, T., & Schot, J., Managing Technology in Society, London and New York, Pinter Publishers, 1995. Weiss, R., 'Ageing—new answers to old questions'. National Geographic, November, 1997. Whittaker, D., 'The end of Japanese-style employment?'. Work, Employment & Society, vol.4, no.3, September, 1990. Willoughby, K., Technology Choice: a critique of the appropriate movement, Boulder, Westview Press, 1990. Winner, L., The Whale and the Reactor, Chicago, The University of Chicago, 1986. —, 'Upon Opening the Black Box and Finding It Empty: Social Constmctivism and the Philosophy of Technology', Science, Technology, & Human Values, vol.18, no.3. Summer, 1993. Wood, C, The End of Japan Inc and How the New Japan Will Look, New York, Simm & Schuster, 1994. (The) Worid Bank, 1997 World Development Indicators, Washington D.C., The Worid Bank, 1997. Woronoff, J., Japan as Anything but Number One, London, Macmillan Press, 1991. Yagi, H., 'The Folly of Imploring Women to Have Babies', Japan Echo, vol. 26, no.l, Febmary, 1999. Yamada, A., & Hoshino, H., 'Bariafurii no sumai o tsukuru' [Creating barrier-free homes], Fugasha, Tokyo, 1999. Yamada, M., The Japanese Family in Transition, Tokyo, Foreign Press Center, 1998. Yamamoto, K., 'Revision of nursing curricula in Japan to meet the needs of an aging society'. Educational Gerontology, vol.20, no.5, July-August, 1994.

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Yamamoto, N., & Wallhagen, M., 'Service use by family caregivers in Japan', Social Science & Medicine, vol.47, no.5, 1998. Yashiro, N., 'Eliminating institutional bias against working women', Japan Echo special edition, 1996. —, 'Understanding Japan's ', Japan Quarterly, October-December, 1998. Yoshida, R., 'Important first steps to help the disabled'. The Japan Times, April 5, 2000.

Newspaper and journal articles in Enghsh without author name

'The Silvering of Japan', Economist, vol.313, October 7, 1989. 'The Greying of Japan', Look Japan, Febmary, 1990. 'The Japanese Dream', Look Japan, October, 1992. 'Tuming and tuming'. The Economist, March 6, 1993. 'Survey The Japanese Economy', The Economist, vol.326, March 6, 1993. 'Future of a Superpower', A^ew Scientist, October 2, 1993. 'Shall age weary them?'. The Economist, December, 1993. 'Japan tuming silver'. Focus Japan, April, 1994. 'Japanese pensions: More problems'. The Economist, August 19,1995. 'Premier's Forum on Ageing: Living with Technology', Papers and Proceedings, Sydney, Ageing and Disabihty Department, 1995. 'The Role of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers in a Nation with a Rapidly Aging Population', The Japan Times, Febmary 21, 1996. 'Barrier-free society will come'. Focus Japan, vol.23, no.5. May 6, 1996. 'Study: Population likely to peak in 2007, aged will exceed young this year'. The Daily Yomiuri, January 22, 1997. 'A Face Robot with Feelings', Pacific Friend, March, 1997. 'The impact of Japan's dechning fertihty rate', Japan Reports, April, 1997. 'Affluent Singles', Japan Reports, April, 1997. 'Family life and values in Japan', New Straits Times, June 9, 1997. 'P-2 is no space cadet'. The Daily Telegraph, July 29, 1997. 'Contemporary Japan Seen Through a Statistical Lens', Pacific Friend, vol.25, no.4, August, 1997. 'Doggone it! A robotic Rover', The Daily Telegraph, August 17, 1997. 'Japan shows its age'. The Australian, September 10, 1997. 'No longer the land of the rising son'. The Sun-Herald, November 9, 1997. 'Japan through Data: The widening span of hfe'. Pacific Friend, vol.25, no.8, December, 1997.

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'Diet approved nursing care bill for elderly in Japan', Japan Joumal of Clinical Oncology, vol.28, no.2, 1998. 'Living under the same roof—people and robots', International Federation of Robotics, Robotics Newsletter, December, 1998. 'Gender Gap on Marriage', Pacific Friends, vol.27, no.6, October, 1999. 'Bill aiming to help elderly, disabled'. The Japan Times, January 26, 2000. 'Nursing-care firms expect Yen 10 trillion market by 2005', The Nikkei Weekly, April 3, 2000. 'Ticket to ride', New Scientist, May 6, 2000. 'Asian aged care and retirement issues: Home care givers in Japan face dwindling wages', Australian Aged Care Housing Weekly News, Friday June 2, 2000. 'Age no reason to stay indoors'. The Japan Times, June 3, 2000. 'Robot pets: Marketers' best friend'. The Nikkei Weekly, July 17, 2000. 'Golden years ahead for older citizens'. The Nikkei Weekly, July 24, 2000. 'Forecast optimistic for Japan despite rapidly aging society'. The Japan Times, July 24, 2000. 'Quality of life'. Pacific Friend, vol.28, no.4, August, 2000. 'Population logs lowest growth'. The Japan Times, August 4, 2000. ' ranks to top 13,000, set record: poll', The Japan Times, September 9, 2000. 'Home-care show draws record firms'. The Japan Times, September 9, 2000. 'Elderly may fund social security'. The Japan Times, September 15, 2000.

Material in Japanese

Adachi, Y., & Goto, Y., Baria furii no tameno fukushigijutsu nyuumon [Assistive Technology for Barrier-free], Tokyo, Ohmsha, 1998. Asahi Shinbun, Japan Almanac 1999, Tokyo, Asahi Shinbun, 1998. Asahi Shinbun, Japan Almanac 2001, Tokyo, Asahi Shinbun, 2000. Asai, T., Ore no roogo o dooshitekureru [What will you do about my old age?], Tokyo, Daini kaientai, 1997. Daiichi Bank Research (DKR) Management Report, Bariafurii no shoohingaku [Study of Barrier-free Goods], DKR Management Report, vol.389, June, 2000. Dohi, T., 'Personal Robot in the Long Life Society', Robot no.100 Special Issue, 1996. E&C Project, Baria furii no seikatsu katarogu [Living Guide of Barrier Free], Tokyo, Shoogakukan, 1997. Ehara, Y., et. al., Jendaa no shakaigaku [Sociology of gender], Tokyo, Shinyoosha, 1989.

411 Bibliography: Techrwlogy Options for Aged Care in Japan

Ehara, Y., & Inoue, T., Josei no deeta bukkau [Women's Data Book], Tokyo, Yuuikaku, 1995, Goto, Y., Ririkusuru fukushikiki bijinesu [Welfare equipment business taking off], Tokyo, Nihonkeizai shinbunsha, 1997. Hasegawa, Y., Robotto to shakai [Robotics and Society], Tokyo, New Science Age, 1983. Hirano, S., 'Summary Report on a Research of the Vision of Welfare Robots', Robot, no. 112, September, 1996. Honma, M., & Atoda, N., (eds), 21seiki nihongata fukushi shakai no koosoo [Plan for the 2P' century Japanese model of welfare society], Tokyo, Yuuhikaku, 1998. Inoue, Y., Bariafurii [Barrier-free], Tokyo, Chuuoohooki shuppangaisha, 1998. Ishikawa, E., Ooedo tekunorogii jijyoo [Technology conditions in the great Edo period], Tokyo, Kodansha, 1992. Ishikawa, M., (ed), Gendai kazoku no shakaigaku [Contemporary family sociology], Ito, Y., Shakaifukushi enjo gijutsu to wa nanika [What does social welfare assistance technique mean?], Tokyo, Hitotsubashi shuppan kabushiki gaisha, 1996. JETRO, Sekai no kooreishatachi wa ima [Present day aged societies of the world], Tokyo, JETRO, 1995. Kose, S., Bariafurii no jidai [Age of barrier-free], Tokyo, Toshibundasha, 1997. Kyoyo-hin Foundation, Kyoyo-hin tenji risuto [List of Kyoyo-hin Display], Tokyo, Kyoyo-hin Foundation, 1999. —, 'Shoogaisha, kooreisha no fubensa risuto' [List of things that the disabled and the aged find inconvenient], Tokyo, Kyoyo-hin Foundation, 2000. —, Kyoyo-hin Hakusho 1999 [Kyoyo-hin White Paper 1999], Tokyo, 1999. —, Kyoyo-hin Hakusho 2001 [Kyoyo-hin White Paper 2001], Tokyo, 2001. Japan Robotics Industry Association, 'Report on investigations conceming robotics application March, 1996', Nihon kikai gakkaishi [Japanese Mechanical Engineering Studies Newsletter], 1996. —, '98 Robotics and Mechatronics', Japanese Mechanical Engineering Studies Newsletter, vol.102, no.969, August, 1999. Mainichi Newspaper, Mainichi Newspaper national Survey on family Planning, 1993. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Aratana kooreisha kaigo shisutemu no kakuritsu ni tsuite [The establishment of new system for the care of the aged], Tokyo, Kyoosei, 1995. —, Koosei hakusho [White Paper on Health and Welfare 1996], Tokyo, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 1996. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Division of Insurance and Welfare, Section for Planning Aged Welfare, Roojin fukushi tebiki [Handbook of welfare for the aged], Tokyo, Chooju shakai kaihatsu sentaa, 1997.

412 Bibliography: Techrwlogy Options for Aged Care in Japan

Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Section for Machinery and Communication Industry, Fukushi yoogu sangyoo seisaku no kihonntedki hookoo [Basic direction for welfare equipment industry policy], Tokyo, MITI, 1997. —, Fukushi yoogu sangyoo seisaku '98 [Welfare equipment industry policy 1998], Tokyo, M/77, June, 1998. —, Fukushi yoogu sangyoo seisaku '99 [Welfare equipment industry policy 1999], Tokyo, MITI, June, 1999. Ministry of Justice, Annual report of statistics on legal migrants 2000 edition, Tokyo, 2000. Mitsubishi Soo goo Kenkyuusho, Daiyosoku 21seiki no gijutsu to sangyoo [Big prediction: technology and industry in the 21" century], Nihon keizai shinbunsha, Tokyo, 1999. Mitsuno, Y., 'Bariafurii o tsukum' [Creating Barrier-free], Tokyo, Iwanami shoten, 1998. Miura, F., Kooreisha hakusho 1998 [White Paper on Aged People 1998], Tokyo, Zenkoku shakai fukushikyoogikai, 1998. Miyauchi, M., Komorebi no byootookara [From the hospital ward as sunlight streams in], Tokyo, Kadokawa, 2000. Mochizuki, T., Sengo no kazoku no henka to sono imi [Postwar changes in the family and the implications], Kyooiku to joohoo [Education and information] no.498, September, 1999. Mori, S., Baria furii Nyuumon [An Introduction to Barrier-free], Tokyo, Ryofuu shuppan, 1999. Nakane, C, Tate shakai no ningen kankei [Human relatiohsips in a vertical society], Tokyo, Kodansha, 1967. New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Fukushiyoogu no jitsuyooka ni mukete '99 [Towards the commercialisation of welfare equipment 1999], Tokyo, NEDO, 1999. —, Fukushiyoogu no jitsuyooka ni mukete 2000 [Towards the commercialisation of welfare equipment 2000], Tokyo, NEDO, 2000. —, Soogookaihatsu kikoo no gaiyoo [Comprehensive outiine of structure of NEDO 2000-2001], Tokyo, NEDO, 2000. —, Iryoo fukushikiki gijutsu kenkyuukaihatsu jigyoo, Igaku, koogaku rentaikei kenkyuu jigyoo [The national research and development program for medical and welfare apparatus. Fundamental research program for advanced medical apparatus undertaken in cooperation with medical and engineering researchers], Tokyo, NEDO, 2000. Nihon Keizai Shinbun, Inc., & Mitsubishi Research Instimte Inc., (eds), Daiyosoku 21seiki no gijutsu to sangyoo [Major predictions of technology and industry in the 21" century], Tokyo, Nihon keizai shinbunsha, 1999.

413 Bibliography: Techrwlogy Options for Aged Care in Japan

Nomura Soogoo Kenkyuusho [Nomura Research Institute], Kawariyuku nihonjin [The changing theory of Japanese people], Tokyo, NRI, 1998. Ochiai, E., 21seiki kazokue [Towards the 21" century family], Tokyo, Yuuhikaku, 1994. Okamoto, Y., Iryoo to fukushi no shinjidai [The new era of medical care and welfare], Tokyo, Nihon hyooronsha, 1993. —, Kooreisha iryoo to fukushi [The aged, medical and welfare care], Tokyo, Iwanami shoten, 1996. Ookuma, M., Netakiri roojin no iru kuni, iani kuni [Countries with bedridden aged people and countries without bedridden aged people], Tokyo, Budoosha, 1990. —, Fukushi ga kawam, iryoo ga kawaru [Welfare changes, medical changes], Tokyo, Budoosha, 1996. Sato, H., Kagaku to koofuku [Science and happiness], Tokyo, Iwanamishoten, 1995. Seiyama, Y., Kooreishakai o kangaeru shikaku [The way to address aged society], Tokyo, Gakumonsha, 1995. Shirasawa, M., Shitteimasuka. Kooreishakai to jinken [Do you know? Ageing society and human rights], Osaka, Kaihoo Publishing House, 1995. Sugawara, M., Shin kazoku no jidai [New era of family], Tokyo, Chuuookooronsha, 1987. The Association for Technical Aids (ATA), Fukushiyoogu kenkyuu kaihatsu josie jigyoo [Assistance for welfare equipment research and development], Tokyo, ATA, 1998. Tsuchigane, T., Gijutsu taikoku Nippon no kyo to jitsu [Technology nation-the Japanese delusion and reality], Tokyo, Kodansha, 1994. Universal Design Research Group, Unibaasaru dezain—chookooreishakai ni muketa monozukuri [Universal design—towards creating goods for the ultra aged society], Tokyo, Nihon koo goo shuppan, 2001. Yamada, A., & Hoshino, H., Bariafurii no sumai o tsukuru [Creating barrier-free homes], Tokyo, Fugasha, 1999. Yamada, M., Kindaikazoku no yukue [Where the modem family is heading], Tokyo, Shinyoosha, 1994. Yamaguchi, K., Saikin no shussei dookoo [Recent trends in childbirth], in Jinkoo mondai kenkyuusho nenpoo [Annual report on the research of population problems], Tokyo, 1967. Yoshikawa, H., Tekunorojii no yukue [Where technology is headed], Tokyo, Iwanamishoten, 1996.

Newspaper and journal articles in Japanese without author name (translation of Japanese romanised tities [ ]):

414 Bibliography: Techrwlogy Options for Aged Care in Japan

'Patorishia Moa shi to unibaasaru dezain' [Patricia Muir and universal design]. Well Ageing no. 57, April, 1997. 'Okureru hyoojino bariafurii' [Barrier-free sign posting is behind], Nihon Keizai Shinbun, May n, 1997. 'Shakai sanka no kikai hosho' [Promising Opportunity for Societal Participation], Nihon Keizai Shinbun, June 8, 1997. 'Shakai sanka no kikai, hoshoo—bariafurii shakai o mezashite' [Assuring social participation—towards a barrier free society], Asahi Shinbun, June 8, 1997. 'Ginza kara bariafurii' [Barrier-free from Ginza], Nihon Keizai Shinbun, September 10, 1997. 'Dai 7kai kooreisha no tameno hatsumei, kufuu, dezain konkuuru jushoosakuhin kettei' [Winners decided for the 7* competition in invetions and designs for elderly people], Wellaging, no.59, October, 1997. 'Shakaikooken kenkyuu no genten' [Contributing to Society, Starting Point for Research], Nihon Keiai Shinbun, December 8, 1997. 'Robotto nimo fuyuno jidai' [Winter for Robots, too], Asahi Shinbun, December 13, 1997. 'Asu o hiraku Saitama no michizukurV [Creating roads for the future in Saitama], Asahi Shinbun, March 29, 1998. 'Sentan gijutsu-fukushiyoo robotto' [Cutting edge technology—welfare robotic], Nikkei Koogyoo Shinbun, September 28, 1998. 'Sentan gijutsu—saigai kyuujo robotto' [Cutting edge technology—robots for rescue missions], Nikkei Koogyoo Shinbun, October 21, 1998. 'Sekomu fukushikikini sannyuu' [Secom Co. entering welfare device market], Nikkei Koogyoo Shinbun, October 23,1998. 'Koureika ... fukushiyoogu ni shingan zokuzoku' [Ageing ... New ideas for welfare devices], Asahi Shinbun, November 24, 1998. 'PHS otoshiyori hogoni hitoyaku' [PHS useful to protect the elderiy], Asahi Shinbun, February 10, 1999. 'Suguremono haiken' [Take a look at super goods], Asahi Shinbun, May 12,1999. 'Rehabi ni robotto gijutsu' [Rehabilitation robotics technology], Nikkei Koogyoo Shinbun, June 7, 1999. 'Otoshiyori dokoni PHS de pitari' [PHS will let you know exactiy where your aged care .is], Asahi Shinbun, June 24, 1999. 'Yumeno shiro wa iyashi no yado' [A restful accommodation, 'Dream Castie' (Barrier-free hotels)], Asahi Shinbun, July 3, 1999. 'Bariafurii ashikoshi daijoubu?' [Barrier-free, Is it good for the legs?], Asahi Shinbun, July 19, 1999. 'Kooreishamuke no shoohinkaihatsu ni chikara o ireyo' [Put more effort into developing goods to meet the needs of the aged], Nikkei Sangyoo Shinbun, July 26, 1999.

415 Bibliography: Technology Options for Aged Care in Japan

'Kooreishamuke mise tenkai' [Opening of a shop for elderiy people], Nikkei Sangyoo Shinbun, July 29, 1999. 'Bariafurii no yosoi kufuu' [Devising barrier-free clothing], Asahi Shinbun, August I, 1999. 'Haiteku roojin hoomu aitsugu' [Hi-tech nursing homes built in rapid succession], Nikkei Sangyo Shinbun, August 4, 1999. 'Roogan de wakaru hyooji ni' [Please make signs easier to read for the aged], Asahi Shinbun, September 2 and 14,1999. 'lOOsai ijoo 5 nen de baizoo—kako saikoo 11,346 nin ni' [lOO-i- aged people double in 5 years—^highest number ever at 11.346], Asahi Shinbun, September 7, 1999. 'Kooreisha, shoogaisha ni tsukaiyasuku' [Easy to use for the disabled and the aged], Asahi Shinbun, September 9, 1999. 'Otoshiyori ooen guzzu' [Goods to support the eldery], Asahi Shinbun, September 10, 1999. 'Hai tekku kooreisha shienni hitoyaku' [High technology to support elderly people], Asahi Shinbun, September 15, 1999. 'Kyooyoo-hin shisoo no teichaku o' [The concept of kyoyo-hin estabhshed], Asahi Shinbun, September 15, 1999. 'Baria furii joohoo shimindantai ga shookaV, [Community group introduces barrier- free information], Asahi Shinbun, November 3, 1999. 'Jidaino nagare kigyooni shimesu' [Alerting industries to changing times], Asahi Shinbun, December 8, 1999. 'Ningen ni naru hi yumemite ayumu' [Robot—Walking with a dream of one day becoming a human being], Asahi Shinbun, December 9, 1999. 'Kaigoyoohin o erabu—seikatsu no imeeji mazu egaite' [Choosing welfare goods—fitting in with images of one's life], Asahi Shinbun, December 19, 1999. 'Kurumaisu de basu kaigonin wafuyoo' [On the bus in wheelchairs—care providers not necessary], Asahi Shinbun, January 22, 2000. 'Kurumaisu demo shukuhaku OK' [Ovemight OK for those in wheelchairs], Asahi Shinbun, January 30, 2000. 'Bariafurii no shoohingaku' [Study of barrier-free commodities], Daiichi Kangyoo Ginkoo kenkyuusho (DICR), June 1, 2000. 'Hokenseido Nihon was sekai ichi—WHO choosa' [WHO survey—Japanese insurance system No.l in the world], Sankei Shinbun, June 21, 2000. 'Baria furiika juutaku' [Barrier-free housing], Sankei Shinbun, June 22, 2000. 'Choojuu shakaino dezain no sugata saguru' [Seeking the design for aged society], Asahi Shinbun, June 29, 2000. 'Handii o koem unibaasaru fasshon' [Universal fashion overcoming disability], Asahi Shinbun, July 9, 2000. 'Kurumaisuno nouhau, kooreisha nimo' [Providing elderiy people with the know-how of wheelchairs], Asahi Shinbun, July 13, 2000.

416 Bibliography: Technology Options for Aged Care in Japan

Kyookyuu kakudaini shinseido' [New system to expand supply], Sankei Shinbun, August 7, 2000. Otoshiyonno jinsei ni keii to itsukoshimio' [Providing respect and endearment to the hves of the elderiy], Asahi Shinbun, July 27, 2000. 'Bariafi^rii no chintai juutaku—kyookyuu kakudai ni shinseido' [Barrier-free rental accomodation—expanding supply under new system], Sankei Shinbun, August 7, 2000. 'Akeyasuku, hyooji miyasuku—shokuyoohin no hoosoo, yooki mo bariafurii ni', [Easy to open, easy to see labels—wrapping and containers oi food have also become barrier-free], Asahi Shinbun, August 9, 2000. 'Naganen no yume jitsugen—kurumaisu nomama chiryoo' [Long time dream comes tme—treatment without getting out of the wheelchair], Asahi Shinbun, August 10,2000. 'Keiroonohi ni okuritai kooreisha muke guzzu' [Goods for the elderly to give on Respect for the Aged Day], 'Dansa nai yuka ima ya jooshiki' [Floors without steps the norm now], Asahi Shinbun, October 19,2000.

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