DOCSLIB.ORG

Chamaecyparis Obtusa) Trees in 5 Half-Sib Families in a Progeny Test Stand in Kyushu, Japan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chamaecyparis Obtusa) Trees in 5 Half-Sib Families in a Progeny Test Stand in Kyushu, Japan J Wood Sci (2012) 58:471–478 DOI 10.1007/s10086-012-1285-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Termite resistance and color of heartwood of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) trees in 5 half-sib families in a progeny test stand in Kyushu, Japan Yoshio Kijidani • Noriko Sakai • Keita Kimura • Yoshitake Fujisawa • Yuichiro Hiraoka • Junji Matsumura • Shinya Koga Received: 22 March 2012 / Accepted: 25 July 2012 / Published online: 10 August 2012 Ó The Japan Wood Research Society 2012 Abstract Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) wood has been of hinoki trees on termite resistance of hinoki families was used as a structural material in Japan because of its superior small. mechanical properties, its excellent durability and the beautiful color of its heartwood. Variations of termite Keywords Hinoki plus tree Á Termite resistance Á resistance and compositions of extractives among hinoki Color of heartwood Á Growth rate trees have been reported. However, genetic variation of termite resistance and the effect of heartwood color on termite resistance remain unknown. In this study, we report Introduction the characteristics of termite resistance and color indexes (L*, a* and b*) of heartwood of hinoki half-sib families in Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) is one of the important a progeny test stand. The survival days of termites and the plantation species in Japan. Hinoki wood has been used as mass loss of samples of hinoki heartwood differed signif- a structural material in Japan because of its superior icantly among hinoki families. Families with red-color mechanical properties, its excellent durability and the heartwood had larger termite resistance than families with beautiful color of its heartwood. The MAFF (Ministry of yellow-color heartwood. The termite resistances of indi- Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) of Japan aims to vidual samples from two families with yellow-color achieve C50 % wood self-sufficiency by developing a heartwood were as small as that of Pinus densiflora. Larger reliable domestic wood supply/use system [1]. Therefore, a* and smaller b* induced larger termite resistance of improvements are sought in the reliability and wood heartwood. The effect of DBH (diameter at breast height) qualities of hinoki wood. To obtain information about the genetic variation of the wood properties of hinoki, we examined the microfibril angle (MFA) and wood densities Part of this report was presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the of hinoki families grown in a progeny test stand [2]. Hinoki Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, August 2007 and the 59th heartwood is believed to have excellent durability; how- Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Matsumoto, ever, a house builder in Miyazaki prefecture shared with us March 2009. his experience that hinoki heartwood is not always con- Y. Kijidani (&) Á N. Sakai Á K. Kimura sistent on this excellent durability (private communica- Division of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, tion). Therefore, it is also important to obtain information Miyazaki University, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan about genetic variations in the durability of hinoki heart- e-mail: [email protected] wood. Although preservatives can raise the durability of Y. Fujisawa Á Y. Hiraoka wood, the current desire is for superior-durability lumber Forest Tree Breeding Center (FTBC), Forestry and Forest that does not add an extra impact to the environment. In Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Ibaraki 319-1301, Japan this study, we focused on the variation of the natural durability of hinoki heartwood. J. Matsumura Á S. Koga Department of Agro-environmental Sciences, Faculty Many studies have examined the chemical compo- of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan nents that provide fungal and termite resistance to hinoki 123 472 J Wood Sci (2012) 58:471–478 heartwood. The antifungal components in hinoki heart- been established as a brand (Keichiku Hinoki), and a wood extractives have been identified as sesquiterpene questionnaire survey established that the branded hinoki alcohols, mainly cadinols [3]. The termite resistance of was characterized by the red-tinged color of its heartwood hinoki heartwood is attributable to both stable components [21]. Therefore, heartwood color-based selection of hinoki with low activity and unstable components with high families is assumed to be effective at enticing end users to activity [4]. The stable components with small termite purchase hinoki wood. In hinoki trees from eight regions in resistance include non-volatile cadinols [5] and a-terpineol Japan and Tono hinoki (one of brand hinoki trees), it was [6]. A major unstable component with large termite resis- reported that four norlignans were colored extractives; tance was the volatile component a-terpineol acetate [6]. hinokiresinol, 3-methoxyhinokiresinol and cryptoresinol Variations of termite resistance and amounts of extrac- were pale pink and isocryptoresinol was pale yellow, and tives among hinoki trees have been reported. Decay and the content of hinokiresinol was reflected in the pink color termite resistance, and amounts of extractives of hinoki of the heartwood [22]. From these results, it was assumed heartwood from different area in Japan showed variations that heartwood color of hinoki trees came from heartwood with no apparent effect of density or ring width on decay extractives and varied from red to yellow. As previously and termite resistance [7]. Hinoki wood from a natural described, many researches reported that heartwood forest had higher termiticidal activity than that from a extractives contributed durability of heartwood. Therefore, plantation forest, and the higher termiticidal activity was we guess that there was some relationship between heart- explained by the larger volatile extractive contents and wood color and the durability of heartwood; although smaller average ring width [8]. Volatile monoterpenes in extractives contributed to durability might have no color. needle samples of 50 hinoki trees from five different Heartwood color-based selection of hinoki families may plantations had considerable compositional variation, affect the termite resistance of hinoki heartwood. However, especially in sabinene composition, and there was no the relationship between color and the termite resistance of relation between tree size and volatile monoterpene com- hinoki heartwood remains unknown. position [9]. From these studies, it was assumed that the The objective of this study was to examine: (1) the termite resistance of hinoki varied among trees, and that it differences between hinoki families in color indexes of was so difficult to predict the variations of termite resis- heartwood, (2) the differences between hinoki families in tance of hinoki heartwood, genetic backgrounds of which termite resistance, (3) the relation between color of heart- were unknown. In western red cedar (Thuja plicata) and wood and termite resistance of hinoki families and (4) the Alaska cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis), methanol- relation between DBH (diameter at breast height) and ter- soluble heartwood extractives are an important factor for mite resistance in hinoki families. Differences among the natural durability of the heartwood and there was hinoki families in termite resistance are discussed based on considerable variability of natural durability among and data obtained at 1.2 m above ground. Therefore, the dif- even within trees [10]. ference between hinoki families at other heights in the In hinoki clones selected as cold and wind-resistant trunks remains unclear. trees, sabinene composition in needles is constitutively steady in most clones [11]. In the heartwood of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica), contents and composition of Materials and methods extractives differ among cultivars [12–14]. In the heart- wood of sugi plus tree (selected as trees with various Sample trees superior traits, e.g., fast growth and trunk straightness) families, the contents and composition of extractives were Hinoki half-sib families were planted in a progeny test shown to differ among families, and the effects of planta- stand in Oita prefecture, Japan in 1974 by Forest Tree tion area on the contents and composition of extractives Breeding Center (FTBC), Forestry and Forest Products were observed [15–19]. The termite resistance of sugi Research Institute (FFPRI). Hinoki trees (31 families 9 2 heartwood has been shown to differ among cultivars [20]. replicates 9 49 trees) were planted at 1.8-m spacing, and From these studies, also in hinoki, the genetic effect on the stands were not managed by silvicultural practice. termite resistance of heartwood may be significant. Hinoki Sample trees (31 families 9 2 replicates 9 3 trees) were plus trees could contribute to a reliable domestic wood harvested after 29 years of growth. Eighty hinoki trees (15 supply. However, the termite resistance of heartwood of half-sib families 9 5 or 6 trees) were selected as sample hinoki plus trees remains unknown. trees for this study from the harvested trees (Table 1). The color of hinoki heartwood is a very important factor These 15 half-sib families were the same families dis- for the end user purchasing hinoki wood in Japan. The local cussed in a previous study [2]. The local families in this cultivar of hinoki in northeastern Fukuoka prefecture has progeny test stand were the families that had been selected 123 J Wood Sci (2012) 58:471–478 473 Table 1 Sample trees from 15 half-sib families Family Family name Prefecture n DBH (cm) Ed (GPa) Color index of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Department of Planning and Zoning
    Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only
    [Show full text]
  • Whether Covered Or Brazen, Tattoos Make a Statement | the Japan Times Online 6/9/10 7:51 PM
    Whether covered or brazen, tattoos make a statement | The Japan Times Online 6/9/10 7:51 PM HOME The Japan Times Printer Friendly Articles Hold still: Horiyoshi III tattoos a man in Yokohama last Wednesday. YOSHIAKI MIURA PHOTO FYI TATTOOS Whether covered or brazen, tattoos make a statement By MASAMI ITO Staff writer Tattoos have long occupied a place in Japanese society, generally in the shadows of the underworld and the realm of taboo. Ornate to the point of beautiful, tattoos have a mystique, from the pain that comes from having them done, the courage to endure it, and their significance not only to the wearer but to the uninitiated. More people in Japan, especially younger members of society, are electing to adorn themselves with the body art, and they're not necessarily keeping it under wraps. Some are meanwhile being inspired by famous http://search.japantimes.co.jp/print/nn20100608i1.html Page 1 of 6 Whether covered or brazen, tattoos make a statement | The Japan Times Online 6/9/10 7:51 PM figures who pursue what seems like a path of independence, such as pop singer Namie Amuro, who has not shied away from tattoos. However, prejudice over tattoos and discrimination against those who wear them persists, experts say. How far back do tattoos go in Japan? In theory, it is believed tattoos date to the Jomon Period (between 10000 B.C. to around 300 B.C.) as evidenced by Jomon "dogu" clay figurines with decorative patterns on their faces and bodies. But according to Yoshimi Yamamoto, a professor at Tsuru University in Yamanashi Prefecture and an expert on tattoos, there is no physical evidence that Jomon people themselves actually had tattoos.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctica: Music, Sounds and Cultural Connections
    Antarctica Music, sounds and cultural connections Antarctica Music, sounds and cultural connections Edited by Bernadette Hince, Rupert Summerson and Arnan Wiesel Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Antarctica - music, sounds and cultural connections / edited by Bernadette Hince, Rupert Summerson, Arnan Wiesel. ISBN: 9781925022285 (paperback) 9781925022292 (ebook) Subjects: Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914)--Centennial celebrations, etc. Music festivals--Australian Capital Territory--Canberra. Antarctica--Discovery and exploration--Australian--Congresses. Antarctica--Songs and music--Congresses. Other Creators/Contributors: Hince, B. (Bernadette), editor. Summerson, Rupert, editor. Wiesel, Arnan, editor. Australian National University School of Music. Antarctica - music, sounds and cultural connections (2011 : Australian National University). Dewey Number: 780.789471 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press Cover photo: Moonrise over Fram Bank, Antarctica. Photographer: Steve Nicol © Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2015 ANU Press Contents Preface: Music and Antarctica . ix Arnan Wiesel Introduction: Listening to Antarctica . 1 Tom Griffiths Mawson’s musings and Morse code: Antarctic silence at the end of the ‘Heroic Era’, and how it was lost . 15 Mark Pharaoh Thulia: a Tale of the Antarctic (1843): The earliest Antarctic poem and its musical setting . 23 Elizabeth Truswell Nankyoku no kyoku: The cultural life of the Shirase Antarctic Expedition 1910–12 .
    [Show full text]
  • Morphology and Morphogenesis of the Seed Cones of the Cupressaceae - Part II Cupressoideae
    1 2 Bull. CCP 4 (2): 51-78. (10.2015) A. Jagel & V.M. Dörken Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part II Cupressoideae Summary The cone morphology of the Cupressoideae genera Calocedrus, Thuja, Thujopsis, Chamaecyparis, Fokienia, Platycladus, Microbiota, Tetraclinis, Cupressus and Juniperus are presented in young stages, at pollination time as well as at maturity. Typical cone diagrams were drawn for each genus. In contrast to the taxodiaceous Cupressaceae, in Cupressoideae outgrowths of the seed-scale do not exist; the seed scale is completely reduced to the ovules, inserted in the axil of the cone scale. The cone scale represents the bract scale and is not a bract- /seed scale complex as is often postulated. Especially within the strongly derived groups of the Cupressoideae an increased number of ovules and the appearance of more than one row of ovules occurs. The ovules in a row develop centripetally. Each row represents one of ascending accessory shoots. Within a cone the ovules develop from proximal to distal. Within the Cupressoideae a distinct tendency can be observed shifting the fertile zone in distal parts of the cone by reducing sterile elements. In some of the most derived taxa the ovules are no longer (only) inserted axillary, but (additionally) terminal at the end of the cone axis or they alternate to the terminal cone scales (Microbiota, Tetraclinis, Juniperus). Such non-axillary ovules could be regarded as derived from axillary ones (Microbiota) or they develop directly from the apical meristem and represent elements of a terminal short-shoot (Tetraclinis, Juniperus).
    [Show full text]
  • Nursery Catalog
    Tel: 503.628.8685 Fax: 503.628.1426 www.eshraghinursery.com 1 Eshraghi’s TOP 10 picks Our locations 1 Main Office, Shipping & Growing 2 Retail Store & Growing 26985 SW Farmington Road Farmington Gardens Hillsboro, OR 97123 21815 SW Farmington Road Beaverton, OR 97007 1 2 3 7 6 3 River Ranch Facility 4 Liberty Farm 4 5 10 N SUNSET HWY TO PORTLAND 8 9 TU HILLSBORO ALA TIN 26 VALL SW 185TH AVE. EY HWY. #4 8 BEAVERTON TONGUE LN. GRABEL RD . D R . E D G R ID E ALOHA R G B D I R R #3 SW 209TH E B T D FARMINGTON ROAD D N A I SIMPSON O O M O R R 10 217 ROSEDALE W R E S W V S I R N W O 219 T K C A J #2 #1 SW UNGER RD. SW 185TH AVE. 1 Acer circinatum ‘Pacific Fire’ (Vine Maple), page 6 D A SW MURRAY BLVD. N RO 2 palmatum (Japanese Maple), NGTO Acer 'Geisha Gone Wild' page 8 FARMI 3 Acer palmatum 'Mikawa yatsubusa' (Japanese Maple), page 10 #1 4 Acer palmatum dissectum 'Orangeola' (Japanese Maple), page 14 5 Hydrangea macrophylla 'McKay', Cherry Explosion PP28757 (Hydrangea), page 32 6 Picea glauca 'Eshraghi1', Poco Verde (White Spruce), page 61 ROAD HILL CLARK 7 Picea pungens 'Hockersmith', Linda (Colorado Spruce), page 64 RY ROAD 8 Pinus nigra 'Green Tower' (Austrian Pine), page 65 SCHOLLS FER 9 Thuja occidentalis 'Janed Gold', Highlights™ PP21967 (Arborvitae), page 70 10 Thuja occidentalis 'Anniek', Sienna Sunset™ (Arborvitae), page 69 Table of contents Tags Make a Difference .
    [Show full text]
  • The Baker's Cypress
    AMERICAN CONIFER SOCIETY coniferVOLUME 33, NUMBER 2 | SPRING 2016 QUARTERLY ENCOUNTERS WITH The Baker’s Cypress PAGE 18 SAVE THE DATE • 2016 SOUTHEAST REGION MEETING • AUGUST 26–28 • WAYNESBORO, VA TABLE O F CONTENTS 16 05 18 12 Welcome to the new ConiferQuarterly ACS Seed Exchange and How I Became By Ron Elardo 04 16 a Coniferite By Jim Brackman What Do Conifer Enthusiasts Need to Encounters with The Baker’s Cypress Know About Mycorrhizae? 05 18 By David Pilz By Bert Cregg, Ph.D. Comments on Conifers for Open Forum: Southeast Region ACS Part 1 09 22 Reference Gardens By Bob Fincham 2016 Southeast Region Meeting ACS Directorate By Jeff Harvey 12 23 Shady Characters: Conifers and Plants Made For Shade 14 By Rich and Susan Eyre Spring 2016 Volume 33, Number 2 ConiferQuarterly (ISSN 8755-0490) is published quarterly by the American Conifer Society. The Society is a non- Conifer profit organization incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is tax exempt under Quarterly section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Service Code. You are invited to join our Society. Please address Editor membership and other inquiries to the American Conifer Ronald J. Elardo Society National Office, PO Box 1583, Minneapolis, MN 55311, [email protected]. Membership: US & Canada $38, International $58 (indiv.), $30 (institutional), $50 Technical Editors (sustaining), $100 (corporate business) and $130 (patron). Steven Courtney If you are moving, please notify the National Office 4 weeks Robert Fincham in advance. Ethan Johnson David Olszyk All editorial and advertising matters should be sent to: Ron Elardo, 5749 Hunter Ct., Adrian, MI 49221-2471, (517) 902-7230 or email [email protected] Advisory Committee Tom Neff, Committee Chair Copyright © 2016, American Conifer Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant List for Stanford Garden
    Plant List for Stanford Garden Genus Species Variety Common Name Abelia grandiflora Edward Goucher Glossy Abelia Abies balsamea Nana Dwarf Balsam Fir Abies concolor Candicans Colorado White Fir Abies concolor Compacta Dwarf Colorado White Fir Abies koreana Aurea Golden Korean Fir Abies koreana Hortsmann's Silberlocke Korean Fir Abies koreana Silber Mavers Korean Fir Abies lasiocarpa Arizonica Compacta Glauca Cork Bark Fir Abies nordmanniana Golden Spreader Caucasian Fir Abies pinsapo Glauca Blue Spanish Pin Fir Acer palmatum Fire Glow Japanese Maple Acer palmatum Kurui Jishi Crazy Lion Japanese Maple Acer palmatum Sango Kaku Coral Bark Maple Acer palmatum Shishigashira Lion's Head Japanese Maple Acer palmatum dissectum Crimson Queen Japanese Maple Acer palmatum dissectum Garnet Japanese Maple Adiantum pendantum Maidenhair Fern Ajuga Mahogany Ajuga Allium schubertii Ornamental Onion Allium siculum Ornamental Onion Allium Gladiator Ornamental Onion Allium Purple Sensation Ornamental Onion Amsonia tabernaemontana Blue Star Willow Andromeda polifolia Bog Rosemary Anemanthele lessoniana New Zealand Wind Grass Genus Species Variety Common Name Anemone coronaria de Caen Wind Flower Anemone hupehensis japonica September Charm Japanese Anemone Anemone huphensis japonica Pamina Japanese Anemone Anemone x hybrida Honorine Jobert Japanese Anemone Angelica Aquilegia vulgaris Lime Frost Columbine Aquilegia Woodside Golden Columbine Aquillega Yellow Queen Yellow Columbine Arabis caucasica Variegata Variegated Rock Cress Arisaema formosanum DJHT 99049 Armeria maritima Alba White Sea Thrift Armeria maritima Dusseldorf Pride Sea Thrift Armeria pseudarmeria Arrhenatherum elatius ssp. Bulbosum Variegatum Striped Tuber Oat Grass Artemisia Oriental Limelinght Wormwood Artemisia Powis Castle Wormwood Arum italicum Wild Ginger Aruncus aethusifolius Dwarf Korean Goat's Beard Arundo donax Variegata Striped Giant Reed Arundo donax Giant Reed Asparagus densiflorus Myers Asparagus Fern/Pony Tail Fern Asplenium scolopendrium Hart's Tounge Fern Aster dumosus Prof A.
    [Show full text]
  • Chamaecyparis Obtusa (Hinoki Falsecypress) Hinoki Falsecypress Is a Conical-Shaped Evergreen Native to Japan
    Chamaecyparis obtusa (Hinoki Falsecypress) Hinoki Falsecypress is a conical-shaped evergreen native to Japan. It has flat, fern-like, scaled leaves with white bands underneath. Its reddish-brown bark peels in long strips. There are many cultivars with different foliage coloration and growth habits. Landscape Information French Name: Cyprès du Japon, Hinoki Faux- Cyprès Pronounciation: kam-eh-SIP-uh-riss ob-TOO- suh Plant Type: Tree Origin: Japan Heat Zones: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Hardiness Zones: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Uses: Screen, Hedge, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier, Border Plant, Container, Windbreak Size/Shape Growth Rate: Slow Tree Shape: Pyramidal Canopy Symmetry: Symmetrical Canopy Density: Dense Canopy Texture: Fine Height at Maturity: Less than 0.5 m, 0.5 to 1 m, 1 to 1.5 m, 1.5 to 3 m, 3 to 5 m, 5 to 8 m, 8 to 15 m, 15 to 23 m Spread at Maturity: Less than 50 cm, 0.5 to 1 meter, 1 to 1.5 meters, 1.5 to 3 meters, 3 to 5 meters Plant Image Chamaecyparis obtusa (Hinoki Falsecypress) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Opposite Leaf Venation: Nearly Invisible Leaf Persistance: Evergreen Leaf Type: Simple Leaf Blade: Less than 5 Leaf Shape: Scale Leaf Margins: Entire Leaf Textures: Medium Leaf Scent: Pleasant Color(growing season): Green Color(changing season): Green Leaf Image Flower Flower Showiness: False Flower Size Range: 0 - 1.5 Flower Scent: No Fragance Flower Color: Yellow Trunk Trunk Has Crownshaft: False Trunk Susceptibility to Breakage: Generally resists breakage Number of Trunks: Single Trunk Trunk Esthetic Values: Showy,
    [Show full text]
  • Chamaecyparis Obtusa Hinoki Falsecypress1 Edward F
    Fact Sheet ST-156 November 1993 Chamaecyparis obtusa Hinoki Falsecypress1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION This broad, sweeping, conical-shaped evergreen has graceful, flattened, fern-like branchlets which gently droop at branch tips (Fig. 1). Hinoki Falsecypress reaches 50 to 75 feet in height with a spread of 10 to 20 feet, has dark green foliage, and attractive, shredding, reddish-brown bark which peels off in long narrow strips. GENERAL INFORMATION Scientific name: Chamaecyparis obtusa Pronunciation: kam-eh-SIP-uh-riss ob-TOO-suh Common name(s): Hinoki Falsecypress Family: Cupressaceae USDA hardiness zones: 5 through 8A (Fig. 2) Origin: not native to North America Uses: Bonsai; screen Availability: somewhat available, may have to go out of the region to find the tree DESCRIPTION Height: 40 to 75 feet Spread: 10 to 20 feet Crown uniformity: symmetrical canopy with a regular (or smooth) outline, and individuals have more or less identical crown forms Figure 1. Mature Hinoki Falsecypress. Crown shape: pyramidal Crown density: dense Foliage Growth rate: medium Texture: fine Leaf arrangement: opposite/subopposite Leaf type: simple Leaf margin: entire 1. This document is adapted from Fact Sheet ST-156, a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: November 1993. 2. Edward F. Gilman, associate professor, Environmental Horticulture Department; Dennis G. Watson, associate professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611. Chamaecyparis obtusa -- Hinoki Falsecypress Page 2 Figure 2. Shaded area represents potential planting range.
    [Show full text]
  • A POPULAR DICTIONARY of Shinto
    A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF Shinto A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF Shinto BRIAN BOCKING Curzon First published by Curzon Press 15 The Quadrant, Richmond Surrey, TW9 1BP This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.” Copyright © 1995 by Brian Bocking Revised edition 1997 Cover photograph by Sharon Hoogstraten Cover design by Kim Bartko All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-203-98627-X Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-7007-1051-5 (Print Edition) To Shelagh INTRODUCTION How to use this dictionary A Popular Dictionary of Shintō lists in alphabetical order more than a thousand terms relating to Shintō. Almost all are Japanese terms. The dictionary can be used in the ordinary way if the Shintō term you want to look up is already in Japanese (e.g. kami rather than ‘deity’) and has a main entry in the dictionary. If, as is very likely, the concept or word you want is in English such as ‘pollution’, ‘children’, ‘shrine’, etc., or perhaps a place-name like ‘Kyōto’ or ‘Akita’ which does not have a main entry, then consult the comprehensive Thematic Index of English and Japanese terms at the end of the Dictionary first.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 Plant List
    2021 Plant List New items are listed with an asterisk (*) Conifers Pinus thungerbii Abies koreana 'Horstmann's Silberlocke' Pinus x 'Jane Kluis' * Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pendula' Sciadopitys vert. 'Joe Dozey' Chamaecyparis noot. 'Glauca Pendula' Sciadopitys vert. 'Wintergreen' Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Chirimen' * Taxodium distichum 'Pendula' Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gracilis' -Select Taxodium distichum 'Peve Mineret' Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kosteri' Taxus cuspidaata 'Nana Aurescens' Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana' Tsuga con. 'Jervis' Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Gracilis' Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Spiralis' Ferns Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Thoweil' Adiantum pedatum ….Maiden Hair Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Verdoni' Athyrum filix-femina 'Minutissima' Juniperus procumbens 'Nana' Athyrium 'Ghost' Larix decidua 'Pendula' Athyrum niponicum 'Godzilla' Larix decidua 'Pendula' -Prostrate Form Athyrum niponicum 'Pictum' Picea abies 'Hasin' * Athyrum niponicum pic. 'Pearly White' Picea abies 'Pusch' * Dennstaedtia punctilobula Picea omorika 'Nana' Dryopteris ery. 'Brilliance' Picea omorika 'Pendula' Dryopteris marginalis Picea orientalis 'Nana' Matteucciastruthiopteris var. pensylvanica Picea orientalis 'Shadow's Broom' * Osmunda cinnamomea Picea pungens 'Glauca Globosa' Polystichum acrostichoides Pinus mugo 'Mughus' - Rock Garden Strain Polystichum polyblepharum Pinus mugo 'Slowmound' Pinus nigra 'Hornibrookiana' Grasses Pinus parviflora 'Aoi' These are but a fraction of the grasses we'll be Pinus parviflora 'Glauca Nana' offering this year. Many more to come. They'll
    [Show full text]
  • IHCA Recommended Plant List
    Residential Architectural Review Committee Recommended Plant List Plant Materials The following plant materials are intended to guide tree and shrub ADDITIONS to residential landscapes at Issaquah Highlands. Lot sizes, shade, wind and other factors place size and growth constraints on plants, especially trees, which are suitable for addition to existing landscapes. Other plant materials may be considered that have these characteristics and similar maintenance requirements. Additional species and varieties may be selected if authorized by the Issaquah Highlands Architectural Review Committee. This list is not exhaustive but does cover most of the “good doers” for Issaquah Highlands. Our microclimate is colder and harsher than those closer to Puget Sound. Plants not listed should be used with caution if their performance has not been observed at Issaquah Highlands. * Drought-tolerant plant ** Requires well-drained soil DECIDUOUS TREES: Small • Acer circinatum – Vine Maple • Acer griseum – Paperbark Maple • *Acer ginnala – Amur Maple • Oxydendrum arboreum – Sourwood • Acer palmation – Japanese Maple • *Prunus cerasifera var. – Purple Leaf Plum varieties • Amelanchier var. – Serviceberry varieties • Styrax japonicus – Japanese Snowbell • Cornus species, esp. kousa Medium • Acer rufinerve – Redvein Maple • Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) • *Acer pseudoplatanus – Sycamore Maple • Acer palmatum (Japanese maple, many) • • *Carpinus betulus – European Hornbeam Stewartia species (several) • *Parrotia persica – Persian Parrotia Columnar Narrow
    [Show full text]