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Finding aid for the Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture, 1900s

Finding aid prepared by Jan Bender and Ann Harrison

91.P.4 1 Descriptive Summary Title: Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture Date (inclusive): 1900s Number: 91.P.4 Creator/Collector: Porter, Arthur Kingsley, 1883-1933 Physical Description: 6.0 linear feet(14 boxes) Repository: The Getty Research Institute Special Collections 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles, California, 90049-1688 (310) 440-7390 Abstract: An assortment of approximately 2000 photographic copy prints made from Arthur Kingsley Porter's negatives, now held by the Fine Arts Library, Harvard University. Images document medieval architecture and sculpture across Europe, with an emphasis on Romanesque monuments in and , as well as some images of Spanish and Portuguese sites. Request Materials: Request access to the physical materials described in this inventory through the catalog record for this collection. Click here for the access policy . Language: Collection material is in English Biographical/Historical Note Arthur Kingsley Porter (1883-1933) was a medieval archaeologist, and art and architectural historian. Through his numerous publications and his post as a professor at Harvard, Porter was instrumental in establishing the study of medieval art history in the United States. The summer after graduating from Yale in 1904, Porter discovered his passion for architecture, especially medieval architecture, on a trip to France. That fall instead of beginning to study law as had been expected, Porter enrolled in the Columbia University School of Architecture. While there, Porter's focus soon shifted from the practice of architecture to architectural history. In 1906, Porter left Columbia to begin work on his first book, entering the life-long pattern of travel, research and writing that his family wealth allowed. By the beginning of World War I, Porter had spent extended periods of time in Europe studying medieval monuments, had published three books and gained a certain international scholarly recognition. This success led to his appointment first as a lecturer on the history of architecture in 1915, and then, after completing a BFA degree in 1917, as an assistant professor at Yale. In the aftermath of the war in 1918, Porter took a leave from Yale, accepting an invitation, the only one offered to a foreigner, to serve on the French governmental Commission des Monuments Historiques documenting damaged and endangered monuments. During this time Porter met and became friends with Bernard Berenson. This connection was presumably a factor in Porter joining the Harvard Fine Arts faculty upon his return to the United States in 1920. Porter's years at Harvard were a professional success on many levels. He published consistently; he acquired medieval art and artifacts for the Fogg Museum; and he was appointed to an endowed chair in 1925. Porter's time at Harvard was marked by his influence on and mentoring of a new generation of art historians at Harvard and other institutions, including Kenneth Conant, Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Meyer Schapiro. He also continued his European sojourns. The years from 1923-1925 were spent on leave in France and Spain, teaching and lecturing. Porter brought international recognition to the study of medieval art and architectural history in the United States. In his publications, he tackled large questions, such as the origin of the rib vault, the nature and transmission of artistic influence, and attribution, and he challenged the current systems of chronology and classification. His interdisciplinary approach was well ahead of its time and he was an ardent advocate of the use of photography as an art historical tool. Assisted by his wife Lucy, he photographed prodigiously during his travels in Europe, often using hotel bathrooms and closets as darkrooms, and these photographs were integral to his scholarship. His publication Romanesque Sculpture of the Pilgrimage Roads, for example, used 1527 photographic plates to illustrate circa 350 pages of text, or one volume of text with nine volumes of plates. Porter's theories were controversial and elicited a strong reaction, especially from French academics, but this meant that he, an American scholar, was taking part in the intellectual debates previously held exclusively among European medievalists.

91.P.4 2 Yet, Porter was unhappy. He considered quitting Harvard as early as 1929. By the early 1930s Porter had developed a new passion for Celtic culture and was spending most of the year in Ireland, a refuge from what he saw as the growing political and moral decay of the United States, as well as personal turmoil and professional danger related to his homosexuality. On July 8 1933 Porter disappeared while walking the sea cliffs near his house in Ireland and was presumed dead, a victim of an accidental fall or a suicide. Access Open for use by qualified researchers. Publication Rights Photographs and permission to publish must be obtained from copyright holder(s). For further information, contact Library Reproductions and Permissions . Preferred Citation Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture, 1900s, The Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 91.P.4 http://hdl.handle.net/10020/cifa91p4 Acquisition Information Acquired from Harvard University in 1991-1992. Processing History Jan Bender created the collection inventory in 2013 and Ann Harrison completed the finding aid. Related Archival Materials The complete set of Arthur Kingsley Porter's negatives, with contact prints and selected enlargements, is held by Harvard University (HOLLIS number 000601589). Scope and Content of Collection The collection is comprised of an assortment of approximately 2000 photographic prints made from Arthur Kingsley Porter's negatives, now held by the Fine Arts Library, Harvard University. Almost 12,000 photographic negatives were made by Porter as illustrations for his ten-volume work, Romanesque Sculpture of the Pilgrimage Roads (Boston, 1923) and his other publications. These images capture medieval architecture and sculpture across Europe, with emphasis on Romanesque monuments and architectural sculpture in France and Italy. Porter's photographs provide critical documentation of the state of preservation of hundreds of medieval sites in the early twentieth century. Many of the monuments and sculptures recorded have undergone steady deterioration since then, suffered war damage, or disappeared into private collections. These images also address the development of the discipline of art history in America, as Porter's photographic work served as a basis for his controversial theories of the migration of forms and styles. In 1991 as part of the development of the Medieval section of the Photo Archive, the Getty Research Institute negotiated with Harvard University to acquire enlarged prints of Porter's negatives. Harvard holds a complete set of contact prints of Porter's negatives for research purposes, but only selected enlargements, and Dumbarton Oaks holds selected prints, primarily of Byzantine monuments. The intention was for the Getty to acquire a complete set of enlargements, making it the only institution to hold such a research tool. However, when the project lapsed in 1992, the Getty had received only about 2000 prints. The Getty prints include all the large negatives in Porter's collection, plus selections from the nitrate and the medium-sized negatives, a body of material reflecting Harvard's production flow rather than image content categories. Photocopies of Harvard's catalog records accompany and identify each image. A small number of photographs drawn from other sources are also included in this collection. There are twenty-eight prints made from negatives in the James M. Paton Photograph Collection also held by Harvard University (HOLLIS number 010880186) and fifty other photographs from the general photographic holdings of the Fogg Museum, as well as documentation of a small display of Porter's photographs at the Getty Research Institute in 1994. Arrangement Arranged culturally/geographically. Subjects - Names Porter, Arthur Kingsley, 1883-1933 -- Photograph collections Subjects - Topics Architecture, Medieval Architecture, Romanesque--France Architecture, Romanesque--Italy

91.P.4 3 Sculpture, Medieval Sculpture, Romanesque--France Sculpture, Romanesque--Italy Genres and Forms of Material Photographic prints Contributors Paton, James Morton, 1863-1944

Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture

Box 1, Folder 1 Arthur Kingsley Porter Cambridge, Massachusetts home Box 1, Folder 2-4 Byzantine Box 1, Folder 2 Greece Box 1, Folder 3 Turkey: Istanbul Box 1, Folder 4 Byzantine school Box 1, Folder 5 Carolingian Box 1, Folder 6-13 Celtic Box 1, Folder 6-11 Ireland Box 1, Folder 6 Armagh, Carlow, Clare, Donegal and Fermanagh Box 1, Folder 7 Kildare, Kilkenny and Londonderry Box 1, Folder 8 Lough Box 1, Folder 9 Meath Box 1, Folder 10 Monaghan, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo, Tipperary, Tyrone and Wicklow Box 1, Folder 11 Unidentified location Box 1, Folder 12 Scotland: Dumfries and Iona Box 1, Folder 13 Celtic? Box 1, Folder 14 Coptic Box 1, Folder 15 English (Anglo-Saxon) Box 1, Folder 16 Flemish Box 2-5 French Box 2, Folder 1 Ain: Confort Box 2, Folder 2-6 Box 2, Folder 2 , , , Chivy-lès-Étouvelles, Connigie, , , Étouvelles and Guignicourt Box 2, Folder 3 Box 2, Folder 4 Lesges, , Mareuil-en-Dôle, , Montcornet, Montigny-Lengrain, , Ressons-le-Long and Box 2, Folder 5 , and Saint-Quentin Box 2, Folder 6 Vauclerc-et-la-Valleé-Foulon, Vaux-sous-Laon, Viels-Maisons, and Box 2, Folder 7 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Box 2, Folder 8 Ardennes: Mouzon Box 2, Folder 9 Aude: Carcassonne and Narbonne Box 2, Folder 10 Aveyron: Conques, Espalion and Perse Box 2, Folder 11 Basses Pyrénées: Morlon and Oloron Box 2, Folder 12 Bouches-du-Rhône: Aix-en-Provence, Arles and Marseilles Box 2, Folder Calvados 13-15 Box 2, Folder 13 Authie, Biéville, Caen and Cheux Box 2, Folder 14 Fontaine-Henry, Ifs, Ouistreham, Putot-en-Auge, Rosel, Rots and Ryes Box 2, Folder 15 Saint-Gabriel, Secqueville-en-Bessin, Saint-Contest, Saint-Loup-Hors and Thaon Box 2, Folder 16 Cantal: Mauriac Box 3, Folder 1 Charente: Angoulême, Châteauneuf-sur-Charente, Saint-Amant-de-Boixe and Trois-Palis

91.P.4 4 Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture

Box 3, Folder 1 Charente-Inférieure: Chadenac Box 3, Folder 2 Corrèze: Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne and Saint-Clément Box 3, Folder 3 Côte d'Or: Dijon Box 3, Folder 4 Côtes-du-Nord: Plouaret Box 3, Folder 5 Dordogne: Périgueux and Perpignan Box 3, Folder 5 Drôme: Die Box 3, Folder 6 Essonne: Étampes, Longpont-sur-Orge and Saint-Sulpice-de-Favières Box 3, Folder 7 Eure: Bernay, Chartres, Châteaudun and Évreux Box 3, Folder 8-9 Finistère Box 3, Folder 8 Kerfeunteun, Locmaria, Locronan, Meillars, Ploaré, Plonéis and Pont-Croix Box 3, Folder 9 Quimper Box 3, Folder 10 Gard: Beaucaire and Saint-Giles Box 3, Folder 11 : , , and Sauve-Majeure Box 3, Folder 12 Haute-Garonne: Montesquieu-Volvestre, Saint-Aventin and Toulouse Box 3, Folder 13 Haute-Loire: Puy-en-Velay Box 3, Folder 13 Haute-Marne: Montier-en-Der and Villiers-le-Sec Box 3, Folder 13 Hautes-Pyrénées: Luz Box 3, Folder 14 Hérault: Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert, Saint-Pons-de-Thomières and Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone Box 4, Folder 1 Indre-et-Loire: Loche and Monthodon Box 4, Folder 2 Landes Box 4, Folder 2 Loire: Charlieu Box 4, Folder 3 Lot: Cahors, Carennac, Martel and Souillac Box 4, Folder 4 Manche: Cerisy-la-Forêt, Hambye, Lessay, Pontorson and Saint-Lô Box 4, Folder 5 Mantes: Gassicourt, Mantes and Notre Dame Box 4, Folder 6 Marne: Châlons-sur-Marne, Damery, L'Épine, Port-à-Binson and Thible Box 4, Folder 7-11 Box 4, Folder 7 , Angivilliers, Angy, , Béthisy-Saint-Pierre, Bitry, Boran-sur-Oise and Bury Box 4, Folder 8 Cambronne-lès-Clermont, Catenoy, , Coudon, Marolles, Méry, , Montagny and Box 4, Folder 9 , , Rully, and Sarron Box 4, Folder 10 Box 4, Folder 11 Saint-Germer-de-Fly, Saint-Léger-aux-Bois, Saint-Leu-d'Esserent, Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello, Tracy-le-Val and Villers-Saint-Paul Box 4, Folder 12 Puy-de-Dôme: Clermont-Ferrand Box 4, Folder 13 Pyrénées-Orientales: Arles-sur-Tech, Corneilla-de-Conflent, Cuxa, Elne, Marcevol, Saint-André-de-Sorède, Saint-Féliu-d'Amont, Saint-Génis-des-Fontaines and Toulouges Box 5, Folder 1 Saône et Loire: Anzy-le-Duc, Berzé-la-Ville, Perrecy-les-Forges and Tournus Box 5, Folder 2 Seine-et-Marne: Chelles, -sur-Ourcq, Provins, Saint-Loup-de-Naud and Saint-Pathus Box 5, Folder 3-4 Tarn-et-Garonne Box 5, Folder 3 Moissac Box 5, Folder 4 Saint-Antonin Box 5, Folder 5 Val-d'Oise: Auvers-sur-Oise, Beaumont-sur-Oise, Chars, Cormeilles-en-Vexin and Pontoise Box 5, Folder 6 Vienne: Poitiers Box 5, Folder 7 Yvelines: Juziers and Poissy Box 5, Folder 8-11 French school, 12th century Box 5, Folder 8 Montpellier, Hérault Box 5, Folder 9 Musée des Beaux-Arts, Toulouse Box 5, Folder 10 Musée Rupin, Brives, Corrèze Box 5, Folder 11 Silos, Monastery of Santo Domingo Box 5, Folder 12 French, unidentified Box 5, Folder 13 German Box 5, Folder 14 Greek Box 6-12 Italian

91.P.4 5 Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture

Box 6, Folder 1 Alessandria: Acqui, Castelnuovo Scrivia, Novi Ligure, , Rivalta Scrivia, Sezze, Spigno Monferrato and Tortona Box 6, Folder 2 Aosta: San Orso Box 6, Folder 3 Asti: , Asti, d'Asti, Montechiaro d'Asti. Montemagno and Montiglio d'Asti Box 6, Folder 4 Avellino: Prata di Principato Ultra Box 6, Folder 5 Bari: San Nicola and Monopoli Box 6, Folder 6 Benevento Box 6, Folder 7-9 Bergamo Box 6, Folder 7 Almenno San Salvatore and Bonate Sotto Box 7, Folder 8 Calvenzano, Calvi and Fontanella Box 6, Folder 9 Mazzone, San Fermo di Sopra and Santa Maria Maggiore Box 6, Folder 10 Bologna Box 6, Folder 10 Bolzano: Malles Box 6, Folder 11 Brescia: Capo di Ponte, Rotondo, San Salvatore and Santa Giulia Box 7, Folder 1 Campobasso: Toro Box 7, Folder 2 Caserta: Aversa, Santa Maria Capua Vetere and Casale Monferrato Box 7, Folder 2 Caserta Vecchia Box 7, Folder 3-6 Como Box 7, Folder 3 Bellagio, Como and Galliano Box 7, Folder 4 Gravedona Box 7, Folder 5 Lenno Box 7, Folder 6 Varese, Vertemate and Voltorre Box 7, Folder 7 Cremona Box 7, Folder 8 Cuneo Box 7, Folder 9 Ferrara Box 7, Folder 10 Florence Box 7, Folder 11 Frosinone: Aquino, Cassino and Ferentino Box 7, Folder 12 Latina: Cori, Fossanova and Ninfa Box 7, Folder 13 Latium: Anagni Box 7, Folder 14 Lecco: Civate Box 7, Folder 14 Liguria: Genoa Box 7, Folder 15 Lodi: Lodi Vecchio Box 8, Folder 1-6 Milan Box 8, Folder 1 Sant'Ambrogio Box 8, Folder 2 San Babila, San Calimero, San Celso, Sant'Eustorgio and San Giorgio in Palazzo Box 8, Folder 3 San Nazaro and San Satiro Box 8, Folder 4 San Sepolcro, San Simpliciano, Santa Maria d'Aurona and San Pietro Box 8, Folder 5 San Vicenzo Box 8, Folder 6 Vaprio d'Adda Box 8, Folder 7 Modena: Levizzano Rangone, Modena, Nonantola, Pieve Trebbio and Renno di Pavullo Box 8, Folder 8 Monza Brianza Box 8, Folder 9 Naples: Cimitale, Ischia, Marechiaro, Naples, Pompeii, Posilippo, Pozzuoli and Sorrento Box 8, Folder 10 Novara: Casolino, Novara and San Nazzaro Sesia Box 8, Folder 11 Padua Box 8, Folder 12 Palermo Box 9, Folder 1 Parenzo Box 9, Folder 1-2 Parma Box 9, Folder 1 Fornovo di Taro, Sant'Ilario di Bagenza, Sasso di Neviano degli Arduini and Vicofertile Box 9, Folder 2 Fidenza (Borgo San Donnino) Box 9, Folder 3-9 Pavia Box 9, Folder 3 Lomello Box 9, Folder 4 Morimondo Box 9, Folder 5 San Lanfranco and San Lazzaro Box 9, Folder 6 San Michele

91.P.4 6 Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture

Box 9, Folder 7 San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro Box 9, Folder 8 Santo Stefano, San Teodoro, San Zaccaria and SS. Primo e Felliciano Box 9, Folder 9 Santa Maria del Popolo and Santa Maria in Betlem Box 9, Folder 10 Piacenza: Castell'Arquato, Chiaravalle della Colomba, Piacenza, Velleia and Vigo Marchese Box 9, Folder 11 Perugia Box 9, Folder 11 Pisa Box 10, Folder 1 Ravenna Box 10, Folder 1 Reggio Emilia Box 10, Folder 2-6 Rome Box 10, Folder 7 Salerno: Minuto, Nocera Superiore, Paestum, Ravello, Salerno and Scale Box 10, Folder 8 Siena: Ponte allo Spino and Siena Box 10, Folder 9 Sondrio: Morbegno Box 10, Folder 10 Switzerland: Chiasso Box 10, Folder 11 Toscanella Box 10, Folder 11 Trapani Box 11, Folder 1-3 Box 11, Folder 1 , , and Box 11, Folder 2 Ranverso di , Rivoli and Sagra San Michele Box 11, Folder 3 , Stradella and Susa Box 11, Folder 4 Udine: Cividale Box 11, Folder 5 Varese: Arsago, Brebbia, Gallarate and Sesto Calende Box 11, Folder 6 Veneto: Torcello and Vicenza Box 11, Folder 6 Verbano-Cusio-Ossola: Mergazzo and Pallanza Box 11, Folder 6 Vercelli Box 11, Folder Verona 7-12 Box 11, Folder 7 Bardolino and Gasso Veronese Box 11, Folder 8 Porcile, San Giorgio in Valpolicella, Sirmione, Sommacampagna and Villanova Box 11, Folder Verona 9-12 Box 12, Folder 1-3 Viterbo Box 12, Folder 1 Civita Castellana Box 12, Folder 2 Ferento, Montefiascone and Nepi Box 12, Folder 3 Tarquinia Box 12, Folder 4 Italian school Box 12, Folder 5 Italian unidentified Box 13, Folder 1 Portuguese Box 13-14 Spanish Box 13, Folder 2 Asturias : Oviedo Box 13, Folder 2 Ávila Box 13, Folder 3 Burgos: Arenillas de San Pelayo, Cerezo de Riotirón, San Quirce, Santibáñez-Zarzaguda, Silos and Siones Box 13, Folder 4 Cantabria Box 13, Folder 4 Catalonia : Agramunt, Baget, Barcelona, Ripoll and Vich Box 13, Folder 4 Ciudad Real : Solana Box 13, Folder 4 Extremadura : Mérida Box 13, Folder 5 Galicia : Betanzos and Santiago de Compostela Box 13, Folder 5 Huesca : Huesca, Iguacel, Jaca, Loarre and Santa Cruz de la Serós Box 13, Folder 6 La Coruña Box 13, Folder 6 La Rioja Box 13, Folder 6 León Box 13, Folder 6 Lérida : Covet, Verdú and Vilagrasa Box 13, Folder 6 Lugo Box 13, Folder 7 Navarre : Estella, Olite, Sangüesa and Tudela Box 13, Folder 7 Ourense Box 13, Folder 7 Palencia : Aguilar de Campóo, Carrión de los Condes, Cervatos, Palencia and San Martín de Frómista

91.P.4 7 Arthur Kingsley Porter study photographs of Romanesque architecture and sculpture

Box 13, Folder 7 Quirós : Bárzano Box 13, Folder 8 Salamanca : Ciudad Rodrigo and Salamanca Box 14, Folder 1 Segovia : Fuentidueña, Segovia and Sepúlveda Box 14, Folder 2 Soria Box 14, Folder 2 Tarragona Box 14, Folder 2 Valencia Box 14, Folder 3 Zamora Box 14, Folder 3 Zaragosa Box 14, Folder 4-5 Spanish school Box 14, Folder 6 Unidentified Supplementary materials Box 14, Folder 7 Documentation of Porter display at the Getty Research Institute Box 14, Folder 8 James Paton Collection photographs and other photographs supplied by Harvard Box 14, Folder 8 French: Beaune, Dijon, Grenade and Reims Box 14, Folder 8 Italian: Lazio, Perugia, , Rome, Terni and Tuscany

91.P.4 8