Index

ABERDEENSHIRE ard marks, Cnip 74 Auchlin, child burial 138 Ardchattan, Argyll 392, 396 Broomend of Crichie, Beaker burial 138 ARGYLL: Chapleden, Beaker cist 136, 137 Ardchattan Priory 3926 ,39 Hillhead, Beaker burial 138 vegetational histor4 y6 , 2728 , Keir Belhevie, Beaker burial 138 Campbeltown, Coopers Lane project 509-23 Little Gight, flint scatter from 95-101 Colonsay, woodland histor7 y2 Main f Balgowanso , Beaker from 136 Gallanach Beg, Oban, radiocarbon date 21 Rhynie, incised Pictish figures 320, 3214 ,32 lona, Abbey 491,492, 493 Abernethy Round Tower 373, 374-5 Adomnan Saintse culd th f an ,to , lectur 544—n eo 5 Adomnan, lona and cult of the Saints, lecture on 544-5 Cathedral Trust 362 agriculture: St Ronan's church, excavation of an early church Bronze Age 33 and women's cemetery 327-65, Fiche introductio f 19-20no 0 6 , Sruth a'Mhuillin, excavations beside 491-508, prehistoric, Loch Portain, N Uist, evidence from Fiche 155-71 millin 503-n go 5 in Orkney 152-3 Kilellan, Islay, settlemen7 t7 and woodland clearance 18-34 Kintyre, vegetational history 19, 27-9, 64 Aldhouse-Green , lecturS , Pontnewydn eo e d th Cav d ean Loch a'Mhuillin, Arran, woodland histor8 y2 earliest Palaeolithi Walesf co , lectur6 54 n eo Loch Cholla, Colonsay, woodland histor8 y2 Alexander I 374 Lochan Mor, lona 4913 49 , Alexande Pluscarded an , rII 2 n39 Machrie Moor, Arran, Grooved Ware from 123 Allason-Jones trumpen o , A , t brooch from Carronbridge polle2 3 , n 28 fro , m19 266-7 Mull, woodland history 27 Altnabreac, Caithness, pollen from 27 Oban, radiocarbon date 21 Amesbury, plaques 109 Oronsay, woodland history 27 An Druim, Sutherland, pollen analysi4 s2 Rhoin Farm, Arcs Moss, Kintyre, Argyll, pollen from 19 Angus, Earl Duffud an , s , Moray 380-1 Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona, O'Sulliva excavationn o , nJ s ANGUS: beside 491-508, Fiche Abernethy Round Tower 373, 374-5 t Ronan'S s church, lona, excavatio n earla f yo n Brechin Round Towe Cathedrad ran 4 37 l churc women'd han s cemetery 327-65, Fiche Glamis Castle, hangings from 461 woodland history 27-9 Glamis, Pictish figure 321, 322, 323 Armit, I, on archaeological field survey, Bhaltos (Valtos) Kirriemuir, Pictish figure 323 peninsula, Lewis 67-93, Fiche Restenneth Priory 374, 375 worUisN n tko sites 1673 ,19 Strathmartine, incised Pictish figure 320, 321 & Cowie, T & Ralston, I, on pits containing Grooved animal bones, 252, 406, 409-10 Ware from Hillend 113-127, Fiche use of at Foshigarry and Bac Mhic Connain, Iron Age armlet, glass 268-9, 273, 282, Fiche sites, N Uist 189-231 Aros Moss, Rhoin Farm, Kintyre, pollen from 19 Pluscarden Priory 411-14, 429, Fiche ARRAN: fish bones 414, 429 Glen Diomhan, woodland histor8 y2 Perth 484, 485 Loch a'Mhuillin, woodland history 28 annexes, provisio f fort-annexeno Antonine th n so e Wall Machrie Moor, Grooved Ware from 123 299-314 polle2 3 , n 28 fro , m19 antler artefacts, see bone artefacts for listing vegetationa4 l6 histor, 28 , y27 from Foshigarr c MhiBa cd Connainan y UisN , t arrowheads: 189-231 barbed and tanged 137 working of 196 bone 192, 194, 205-7 Antonine Wall: leaf shaped 145, 1512 15 , provision Baileyo , F G ,fort-annexef no 299-31n so 4 Arthur's O'on, medieval reference 294-o st 5 Dumville, D, on eastern terminus of, 12th or 13th Atkinson, J A, on The Coopers Lane project: craft and century evidence 293-8 cooperag n post-medievai e l Campbeltown Archibald, 7th Earl of Argyll 509 509-23 568 SOCIET ANTIQUARIEE TH F YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1994

Atlantic roundhouses, excavatio surved nan y 77-80 Birsay, Orkne2 y15 complex, Bharabhat 67, 71, 77, 79-80 Pictish figure 321, 322 Auchendavy, Roman 6 for30 t Black Isle, Beaker cists from 137 Auchindoun, Moray, pit 428 Black Loch, Fife, palynological project 56-64 Auchlin, Aberdeenshire, child buria8 13 l pollen analyses 30-1, 33, 58-62 Austria Tyroe se , l sediment cores 58-62 awls, bone 192, 194, 205-7 blad9 e33 axeheads, polishe , 145d56 , 150, 1512 15 , blanket peat 24 25, 29 AYRSHIRE: inceptio5 1 , 13 f no Kilwinning Abbe6 y39 on Lewis 23 Boardman, S, on macroscopic plant remains from Sruth Bac Mhic Connain, N Uist, bone and antler artefacts a'Mhuilinn, lona 497-8, Fiche from 189-231 on plant remains from Carronbridge 270, Fiche Backakeldy, Holm, Orkney, cist 150 Colesenvironmenta& n o , G , l evidence from Hillend, , G F, on provision of fort-annexes on the Clydesdale 125, Fiche Antonine Wall 299-314 Bohnke , worS , Callanisn ko h Leobag, Lewis, charcoal BairdFinlayson& , D , , flinn Bo , t scatter from Little and pollen analysis 16, 23^t, 167 Gight, Aberdeenshire 95-101 bone artefacts from Foshigarry and Bac Mhic Connain, Balblair, Beauly, Inverness, Beaker cist from 129-39 NUist 189-231 incised Pictish figure 320, 321 bone artefacts: Balbridie, pollen analyse0 s2 arrowheads 192, 194, 205-7 Baleshare, N Uist 167 awls 192, 194, 205-7 balls, sandstone 269, Fiche button 4824 48 , Balmuildy, Roman fort 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 307, combs, composite 192, 194, 195, 197, 222, 223, 309 227 band, bronze 336-7 long handled 192, 194, 195, 197, 222-*7 22 , BANFFSHIRE: containers, cetacean bone 192, 194, 217-19 pollen analysi3 n si dice 192, 194, 195, 225-6, 227 bank, sub-peat, stone, Loch Portain, N Uist, excavation hafted implements 192, 194, 209-10, 211 and environmental investigation of 155-71 hammer 150 Bar Hill, Roman fort, 302, 306, 308 handles 192, 193, 194,219-21 Barjag Tower, Dumfriesshire, window-grille from 442-3, lids, cetacean bone 192, 194, 217-19 444 mirror handle 192, 193, 194, 198, 224-5, 227 Barnhouse, Stenness, Orkne1 y14 modelling tools 207 Barton-on-Humbe5 r37 notched implements, cetacean bone 192, 194, 201-3, Barvas, Lewis, settlement 77 227 bathhouses, Roman 300-5 pendants 192, 193, 225, 226, 227 beads, melon 255, 268, 2732 28 , picks, antler 192, 194, 203^7 ,22 other Roman 255, 268, Fiche pins & pinheads 192, 194, 195-6, 197, 210, 212-13, Beaker cist from Balblair, Beauly, Inverness 129-39 227 Beakers, 74-5, 129-38 pins, shroud 334, 336 stainin 133-n go 7 pipe, mouthpiece from 482, 484 Bearsden, Roman fort 299, 300, 301, 302, 304, 305, 306, plaques, cetacean bone 192, 194, 196, 221-2 307 plates 192, 194, 221-2 Beauly, Invernesshire 392 points 192, 194,213-15,227 Beckton, Annandale, Grooved Ware from 124 perforated 192, 194, 213-157 22 , Bede, and references to Eastern terminal of Antonine polishers 192, 194, 207-9 Wall 293-7 rings, antler 192, 194,221 beetle fauna, from Pluscarden Priory 417-18 socketed antler segments 219-21 Beinn Lawers 14 socketed objects 192, 194, 196, 2105 21 , bells, Perthshire t John'S , s Kirk, Perth, Clouston, M W R , spatulae 192, 194, 205-7, 227 on 525^1 spindle whorls 192, 194, 2157 22 , catalogu 526-3f eo 5 stamp, antler 192, 194, 216, 227 Ben Klibreck, Sutherland, vegetation 25 tubes 192, 194,217 Bennett, K D, work on pollen analyses 11-12, 17 turned objects 192, 194, 216-178 21 , Beveridge , worE , Nortn ko , 167h0 84 Uis 19 , 80 t two-pronged implements 192, 1940 21 , Bhaltos (Valtos) peninsula, Lewis, archaeological survey, vertebrae, cetacean bone 192, 194 Armit, I, on 67-93, Fiche wedges 192, 194, 195-6 Biggar Common, Clydesdale, Beaker from 136 bone artefacts, technology of manufacture 193-5 Grooved Ware from 124 Borthwick Castle, draw bar from 448 Bilston, J, on church architecture 371, 372 bottle glass 269 bird bones 199,217 Braeroddach Loch, pollen analysi9 2 , s20 Birks, H G, work on pollen analyses II, 14 Brechin Round Tower and Cathedral 374, 375 INDEX 569

Bressay, Pictish figure 321, 322, 324 herring fishing 509, 510, 513 bric tilesd kan , Roman 307-8 interpretatio phasind nan g 520-2 tower, ,77 Loc, 73 Beriea hn , 72 ,, Lewi71 , 67 s site history 515-16 79-80 structural survey 515-16 brochs, George Petrie and the 'brochs' of Papa Westray structure and organization 511-12 173-87 Cannel, J & Tabraham, C, on excavations at Duffus Brodgar, Orkney, decorated sla9 b10 Castle, Moray 379-90 Bronze Age period: Carlisle, lectur earl, eon y medieval 543^1 agricultur3 e3 Dubhm Ca , Perthshire, pollen analysi0 3 , s29 Black Loch, Fife 60-3 Carnock, yett from 434 Cnip, Bhaltos, Lewis 70, 71, 74-5, 77 Carriden d Easteran , n termina f Antonino l e Wall, Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire, excavatiof o n medieval references 295-7 cremations, Iron Age settlements and Roman Roman fort 3056 30 , camp 233-91 Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire, excavation of Bronze Age Mousland, Orkney, excavatio buriaf no l 141-54 cremations, settlemente IronAg Romad an s n bronze artefacts: camp 233-91 band 336-7 Carter soiln o , sS , from Carronbridge 271-2 brooch, trumpet 250, 266-7, 2732 28 , on soils from St Ronan's parish church, lona 344-5 buckle 337-8 soil analysis, Pluscarden Priory 420, Fiche mount 481,482, 483 carved stone ball 56, 57 needle 337-8 carved stone fragments, 18t 470hC , 4813 48 , pins 337-8 Castle Menzies, draw bar from 448 shroud 334 Castl f Bothikaneo e Petriese , , e 'brochsGeorgth d ean ' plates 337-8 of Papa Westray, Lowe 173-8n o , C , 7 strap 426 Castl Millyemayf eo Petriee se , , Georg'brochse th d ean ' brooches: of Papa Westray, Lowe, C, on 173-87 penannular 267-8, Castlecary, Roman fort 300, 301, 303, 304, 306, 3079 30 , trumpet 250, 266-7, 273, 282 Castlehill, Roman for6 30 t Broomen Crichiedof , Beaker buria138 l Catpund, Shetland, soapstone quarries 319 "Brough of Birsay, Orkney, church 377 Catterline, Beaker from 1378 13 , Bruce family Lochleved an , n hanging2 s46 cemetery, women's, St Ronan's lona 327-65, Fiche Brundle, A, and Mousland, Orkney 141 cereal pollen agriculturd an , e 19-20, 60-2 Buchan , wor LittlMr ,n ko e Gight flint collectio5 n9 Black Loch, Fife 60-2 Buckland, P, on beetle fauna from Pluscarden Priory cereal remains, Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona 498-9 417-18 Ceron-Carrasco feathern o , R , s from Pluscarden Priory buckle, bronze 337-8 414 Buckquoy, Orkne9 y19 cetacean bone, see the use of bone and antler at Buist, H, map of Perth 487 Foshigarry and Bac Mhic Connain, Iron Age burial ritual, at Mousland, Orkney 150-2 sites UisN , t 189-231 Burnswark Hill, woodland clearance 31 artefacts see under bone artefacts for listing Burra Isle, Shetland, Papil stone 317, 320-1 working and exploitation 197, 198-9 button, bone 4824 48 , chambered tombs, Hebridean 76-7 Chapel t Boniface'sS , , Munkerhoose, Papa Westray, Cachart, R, & Bowler, D, Tay Street, Perth, excavation of Orkney 177-83 early harbour site 467-8n o , 9 Chapleden, Aberdeenshire, Beaker cist 136, 137 Cadder, Roman fort 299, 300, 301, 302, 304, 306 charcoal 16, 17, 23^, 125, 147, 155, 159, 160, 164-6, cairns, Cnip 74 4979 49 , CAITHNESS: Charman , worJ charcoan D ,k o l analysi7 s1 Loc Winlessf ho , pollen analyses 174 2 , Cheer pottern o , P , y from Perth harbour sit4 e48 Altnabreac, pollen from 27 Cheviots, work on pollen 20 woods, birch/hazel 23-25 Cheyne family Duffud an , s Castle, Mora2 y38 Callanish, Lewis: Childe, V G, work on Skaill knives 102, 106-7, 108 Archaeological Research Project 67, 71, 77, 82 chisel, iron 4823 48 , stone circle 23^ Christison , worD , dran ko w bar8 s44 Callanish Leobag, Lewis, charcoa polled an l n analysis on Scottish yett window-grilled san s 434, 434, 446,451 16, 23^, 167 churches: Cambuskenneth Abbey 396 Pluscarden Priory church 396-403 Camelon, Roman fort 307, 3089 30 , St Ronan's lona, early medieval, excavation of Cameron t Rule'S n o s , ChurchN , t AndrewS , earld san y 327-65, Fiche stone-built churche Scotlann si d 367-78 t Rule'S s Church t AndrewS , earld an s y stone-built Campbell, Rev D, and milling on lona 505 churches in Scotland 367-78 Campbeltown, Coopers Lane project 509-23 cists: 261-4, 266, 280-1 documentary sources 512, 513-15 Beaker, from Balblair, Beauly, Inverness 129-39 570 SOCIETY OF THE ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 1994

Bronze Age 56 Cromwell's , Pert0 h47 Cni4 p7 Crone, A, Mills, C, Edwards, K J & Whittington, G, on Mousland, Orkney 141-54 excavatio environmentad nan l investigatiof no Clancy, T O, lecture on Adomnan, lona and cult of the sub-peat stone bank, Loch Portain Uis,N t 155-71 Saints 544-5 Cross Lochs, Sutherland, pollen analyses 17 Clarke Finlayson& , A ,n flint o , sB , from Hillend, Croy Hill, Roman fort 301, 304, 311 Clydesdale 125 Clarke wor, V Skailn ko D , l knives 103 Dalland radiocarbon o , M , n dates from Carronbridge, clearance, agricultural, extent, scale and mechanisms Dumfriesshire 273-4 18-34, 35-6 Dallican Water, Shetland, first agriculture 24 climate: Dalmeny parish churc7 h37 change 14-156 1 , Dalmore, Lewis, structures 75-6 deterioratio3 n3 Dark Ages undee se , r Early Christian, Early Historicd an , evidence from Black Loc2 h6 Pictish periods and vegetational history 10, Darnaway, Forres, Moray shire, Beaker cist 137 Cloddyhall, Sandwick, Orkney, cist 150 (deuterium/hydrogenH D/ ) ratio4 s1 Close-Brooks, J, work on Cnip 70, 71, 74-5 dice, bone 192, 194, 195, 225-6, 227 Clouston, R W M, on The bells of Perthshire: St John's Dickson , worC , Mouslandt ka , Orkney 146-7 Kirk, Perth 525^1 Din Moss, pollen analysi0 s2 Cnip, Bhaltos, Lewis, Bronze Age cairn 70, 71, 74—5 radiocarbon date 21-2 Viking1 7 site , s70 disc, bronze 337-8 wheelhous , 80,871 , 1e67 Dixon analysin o , D , f mortao s r fro t Ronan'mS s parish Cnip 2, Iron Age site, Bhaltos 81 church, lona 345-7 Cnip Headland, Norse graves 83 thin section analysis of collared urn from Carron- coffins, 334, 358 bridg4 e26 coins: dog, use of as food Pluscarden Priory 411-13 Hiberno-norse 340 Donaldson, M, and milling on lona 505 Jame pennieV sI 0 s34 Dounby, Orkney, mill 500 Coles Boardman& , G , environmentan o , S , l evidence , dra fror 8 wba m 44 from Hillend, Clydesdale 125, Fiche Downes, J, on excavation of Bronze Age burial, Collared Urns 262, 264, 2650 28 , Mousland, Orkney 141-54 Collessie, Fife, incised Pictish figure 3204 32 , draw bars, and yetts 448 Colonsay, woodland histor8 2 , y27 Drui Dearcagn mna UistN , , medieval settlemen6 8 , 85 t combs: Dubh Lochan, pollen analysis 30-1 composite 192, 194, 195, 197, 222, 2237 22 , Dubois Ferguson& D , worA ,K D/n kD ,o H ratio4 s1 long handled 192, 194, 195, 197, 222^t7 22 , Duffus Castle, Moray, excavation 379-9t sa 0 Comlongon Tower, Dumfriesshire, window-grille from 439 Duffus House, Moray 383 yett fro analysim& 447-5f so 0 DUMFRIESSHIRE: containers, cetacean bone 192, 194, 217-19 Barjag Tower, window-grille from 442-3, 444 Coopers Lane project, craft and cooperage in post- Beckton, Annandale, Grooved Ware from 124 medieval Campbeltown, 509-23 Comlongon Tower, window-grille fro9 m43 documentary sources 512, 513-15 yett from & analysis of 447-50 herring fishing 509, 5103 51 , Burnswark Hill, woodland clearance 31 interpretatio phasind nan g 520-2 Isle Tower, draw bar from 448 site history 515-16 Kirkburn, Grooved Ware from 123 structural survey 516-20 Lochwood Castle, window-grille from 443, 445-6 structur organizatiod ean n 511-12 Carronbridge, excavation of Bronze Age cremations, cooperage, see Coopers Lane Project, Campbeltown, settlementIroe nAg Romad san n camp 233-91 Argyll, above Dumville, D, on Eastern terminus of the Antonine Wall: copper, staining on bone artefacts 228 12th or 13th century evidence 293-8 copper alloy, see under bronze artefacts Dun Bharabhat, Atlantic roundhouse 67, 71, 77, 79-80 Cowie, T, Armit, I, & Ralston, I, on pits containing Dun Camus na Clibhe, probable Atlantic roundhouse Grooved Ware from Hillend 113-127, Fiche 77-78, 79 artefactn Coxo , A , s from Perth harbour site 481-4 Dunbar, yett fro4 m43 Craigmillar Castle, yett from 434 Dunfermline Abbey, Fife 377 Craigscorry, Inverness-shire, 7 cis13 t Duntocher, Roman fort 300, 301, 303, 305, 306, 307 cramp 151 Dupplin, Pictish figure 322 Crawford Udae , , wor16I ,Th 84 l7 n ko Durno, S E, work on pollen analysis 3, 29-30 Crea Caillichn gna , Loch Tay, (see also Beinn Lawers) Durrington Walls, Grooved Ware from 122, 123 woodland clearanc9 e2 dutch elm disease, and elm decline 22 cremations, 146-7, 151 Carronbridge 261-4, 266, 280-1 Early Christian period, evidenc f activiteo vicinitn yi f yo Mousland, Orkney 141-53 Black Loch, Fif7 e5 INDEX 571

Early Historic period, metal work assembly, flint artefacts: Carronbridge 267-9, 287, Fiche arrowheads , 13 barbe98 7 , tanged 97 d an , d95 EAST LOTHIAN: eaf , shape14598 , 151d97 2 15 , Dunbar, yett from 434 blades & bladelets 98, 99, 100 Nunraw, Beaker buria8 13 l burins 107 Seton Collegiate churc3 h40 cobble5 12 s Traprain Law, Treasure of, and its place in the study cores 97, 99, 100 of late Roman silver, lectur8 54 n eo gun flint 97 , yett from 433^ 0 microlith10 , 99 , s97 Edmonds , wor M ,Crea n ko Caillica gn Beinh& n Lawer4 s1 9 9 scraper , 98 , s97 Edwards, K, on pollen from Loch Pityoulish, Inverness- flint scatter, Mesolithic, from Little Gight, Aberdeenshire shir0 e2 95-101 on Mesolithic impac woodlann o t , d15 fly remains, from Pluscarden Priory 418-19, 428 on North Loheynort, South Uist 16-17 n coppeo , FordA r B allo, iro& y n objects from on vegetation history 5, 9 Carronbridge 268, Fiche Mills& , CroneC , Whittington& A , excavation o , G , n Forteviot, Perthshire, lintel 376-7 environmentad an l investigatio f sub-peano t Pictish figure 3223 32 , stone bank, Loch Portain UisN , t 155-71 Foshigarry UistN , , bond antlean e r artefacts from & Whittington, G, on palynology as a predictive tool 189-231 in archaeology 55-65 French, C, work at Mousland, Orkney 143, 147-8 Eilean Domhnuille, North Uis5 7 t Freskin of Strathbrock, and Duffus Castle, Moray 381-2, election of Fellows 558-562 388 Elgin Cathedral, Moray 399, 401 Friarton, harbour, Perth 485, 488 Elginhaugh, Roman fort 299, 309 elm alse se ,o under tree species Gabra-Sanders, T, on textiles from Pluscarden Priory declin0 e6 , 18-2231 , 28 , 420-3, Fiche evidence from Black Loch project 60 Gallanach Beg, Oban radiocarbon date 21 and dutc diseasm hel 2 e2 Carry lochdrach, N Uist, wheelhouse 190 enclosures, Iron Age, Carronbridge, excavatiof o n geophysical surveys: 233-91, Fiche Bhaltos peninsul0 a9 Erdtman, G, work on pollen analysis 2-3 Little Gight, Aberdeenshir9 e9 Ethelred 374 Gildas referenced an , Eastero t s n termina f Antonino l e Evans, K, analysis of Comlongon yett 448-50 Wall 293-7 Glamis, Pictish figure 321, 3222 32 , faecal matter d parasitan , e ova n textilo , e from Glamis Castle, hangings fro1 m46 Pluscarden Priory 420-3 Glasgow: Falkirk, Roman fort 303, 304, 306, 307 cooperages 514 Fawcett Pluscarden o , R , n Priory church 396-403 Tearooms 1875-1975, lecture on 547 feathers, from Pluscarden Priory 414 glass objects: Fellows, election of 558-562 armlet 268-9,273, 282, Fiche Fendoch, Roman for9 29 t beads 255, 268-9, 273, 282, 335, Fiche FIFE: bottles 269, 335 Black Loch, palynological project 56-64 vessel,5 14t42 hC pollen analysis 30-1, 33 window glass 410 Clatchard 3 Crai6 , g57 14t 424-5hC , Fiche Collessie, incised Pictish figure 3204 32 , Glen Diomhan, Arran, woodland history 28 Dunfermline Abbe7 y37 Godwin , worH , vegetationan ko l history3 Leuchars, parish church 377 Golspie, Pictish figure 321, 322, 324 Lindores Abbe3 y39 Graig Lywyd, plaque 109 Lochleven, and Linlithgow, hangings from 455-66 gravestones, coopers' 511 Pickletillem, pollen analysi0 s3 Great Glen, woodland clearanc6 e2 St Leonards School, St Andrews, and hanging from Greyfriars burial ground, Perth 470, 478 Linlithgow 455,465 Grooved Ware, excavatio frof no m Hillend 113-127 St Monans church 403 St Rule's Church, St Andrews and early stone-built Hadrian's Wall 299, 305 churche Scotlann si d 367-78 and woodland clearanc3 3 , e32 Waterhall, St Andrews, cist 150 hafted implements, bone 192, 194, 209-10, 211 Finlayson Bairdflinn & o , , t W D ,,scatte r from Little Hallen, Y, on the use of bone and antler at Foshigarry Gight, Aberdeenshire 95-101 and Bac Mhic Connain, Iron Age sites, N Uist & Clarke, A, on flints from Hillend, Clydesdale 125 189-231 fish bones, from Pluscarden Priory 414, 429 Hamilton-Dyer, S, on bird and fish bones from Flavell, Dom A, on Pluscarden Priory, pre-Reformation Pluscarden Priory 414 histor 393-f yo 6 handles, bone 192, 193, 194, 219-21 572 SOCIET ANTIQUARIEE TH F YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1994

hangings, from Lochleven Linlithgod an , w 455-66 Loch Cleat, Trotternish, Skye, woodland history Hanley, R, & Sheridan, A, on a Beaker cist from 27-8 Balblair, Beauly, Inverness 129-39 Loch Doilead, Mallaig, woodlan8 d2 harbour site, Tay Street, Perth, excavation of, Bowler, D, Loch Lang, South Uist, charcoal and peat analysis 16, & Cachart, R, on 467-89 23, 167 Harrison, John, portrait of 463, 464 Loch Olabhat, N Uist, excavations 91 Henderson, J, on glass objects from Carronbridge 268, Loch Pityoulish, pollen from 19-20 Fiche Loch Pertain UistN , , excavatio environmentad nan l herring fishing cooperagd an , e industry 509, 510, 513 investigatio f sub-peano t stone bank 155-71 High Street, Perth, harbour at 467 Lochend, Beaker from 136 Hillend, Clydesdale, pits containing Grooved Ware North Locheynort, South Uist 16-17 113-127, Fiche Northton, Harris, settlement 75, 76, 77 Billhead, Aberdeenshire, Beaker burial 138 Rosinish, Benbecula,7 settlemen16 , 77 , 76 t Hinton wor, P , t Mouslandka , Orkney 146-8 Rum, Mesolithic activity and vegetation change 16, Hol f mPapo a Westray, Orkney 182 22-3, 64 Holyroodhouse 461, 465 Skye, woodland history 27-8 Home Lorimer, D, on human remains from Pluscarden South Clunes, Beaker from 137 Priory 411, Fiche South Uist, woodland history 27 on human remains fro t Ronan'mS s parish church, Udale 5 Th 8 Uis , N , 84 t lona 347-53 Waternish, Skye, RCAHMS surve9 y6 horizontal mills undee se , r mill millind san g Sollas UistN , , wheelhouse 1909 19 , Ho we of Cromar, pollen analysis and date 20, 21, 29 lona: HulmeShirriffs& , pollen D o P , , J ,n from North Mains, Abbey 491 ,'492, 493 Strathalla0 2 , n19 Adomnan Saintse culth d f an o ,t , lectur 544-n eo 5 human remains: Cathedral Trust 362 from Beaker cist8 s13 excavatio earln a f yno churc women'd han s cemetery, Broomend of Crichie 138 St Ronan's church 327-65, Fiche Catterline 1378 13 , milling on 503-5 Cnip Headland, Norse graves 83 Sruth a'Mhuillin, excavations beside 491-508, Fiche cremations 146-7, 261^, 266, 280-1 Ireland: Hillhead, Aberdeenshir8 e13 12th century churche5 s37 Keir Belhevie, Aberdeenshire 138 horizontal mills from 500 Mousland, Orkney 146-7 periodIroe nAg : Pluscarden Priory 406-9, 411, 427, Fiche agriculture and woodlands 33, 37 St Ronan's, lona, women's cemetery 327-65, Fiche Atlantic roundhouses, wheelhouse d settlemenan s t Nether Criggie, Kinecardineshire 138 67, 71, 77-81 Nunraw, East Lothian 138 Black Loch, Fife, hut circles and enclosures 56, 57, Hume, J, on Glasgow cooperages 514 60-3 'brochs Papf o ' a Westray 173-87 Inchbrayock, Pictish figure 3212 32 , Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire, excavation of Inchgarvie castle, yet4 t43 settlements, Bronze Age cremations and Inveravon, Roman fort 304, 3067 30 , Roman camp 233-91 insect remains: Foshigarry and Bac Mhic Connain, N Uist bone and beetle fauna, from Pluscarden Priory 417-188 ,42 antler artefacts from 189-231 fly remains from Pluscarden Priory 418-19, 428 Loc Tredwellf ho , Papa Westray, Orkney 1823 18 , parasit froa emov Pluscarden Priory 420, Fiche iron artefacts: INVERNESS-SHIRE: blade 339 Bac Mhic Connain, N Uist, bone and antler artefacts brackets 341 from 189-231 chisel 482, 483 Balblair, Beauly, Beaker cist from 129-39 key 482, 483 Pictish figur0 e32 knives 268, Fiche Baleshare, N Uist 167 nails 338^0 Beauly Priory 392 padloc8 k33 Beveridge , worE , Nortn ko , 167h0 84 Uis 19 , 80 t sickles 267-8, 287, Fiche Bharpa Caranish UisN , t stapl9 e33 Craigscorry, cist 137 strap0 s34 Druim nan Dearcag, N Uist, medieval settlement 85, sword 268-9, 287, Fiche 86 washer 252-3 Eilean Domhnuille, North Uist 75 window-grilles 433-54 Foshigarry, N Uist, bone and antler artefacts from yetts 433-54 189-231 Isle Tower, Dumfriesshire, draw bar from 448 Great Glen, woodland clearance 26 Italy, window-grilles from e alsse ,o Venic Tyrod an e l Loch Ashik, Skye, woodland history 28 433, 434 INDEX 573

Jacobite defences Pertf o , h 4708 47 , lids, cetacean bone 192, 194, 217-19 Johns , lecturC , Treasurn eo f Trapraie o placs it d n ei nan Lindores Abbey 393 stude th f latyo e Roman silve8 r54 Links of Noltland, Westray, Orkney 103^4- n CarronbridgeJohnstono , A D , , Dumfriesshire, , burnin5 46 f go excavatio f Bronzno cremationse eAg , Iron and Lochleven, hangings from 455-66 Age settlements and Roman camp 233-91 Little Gight, Aberdeenshire, Mesolithic flint scatter from on vitreous waste from Carronbridge 269, Fiche 95-101 Jones, A K, on parasite ova from Pluscarden Priory 420, Little Loch Roag, Lewis, pollen analysi3 s2 Fiche Loch a'Mhuillin, Arran, woodland histor8 y2 Loch Ashik, Skye, woodland history 28 Kebister, Shetland, agriculture 24 Loch Assynt, pollen analysi4 s2 pollen analysis 17 Loch Bualaval Beag, Lewis, pollen fro3 m2 Keir Belhevie, Aberdeenshire, Beaker burial 138 Loch Cholla, Colonsay, woodland history 28 Kenney , BraeroddacJ , h Loch, pollen analysi9 2 , s20 Loch Cleat, Trotternish, Skye, woodland history 27-8 Keppoch House, cist 137 regeneratio3 n3 kerb, Mousland, Orkney, Bronze Age burial 141-54 Loch Davan, radiocarbon date 219 2 , key, iron 482, 483 Loch Doilead, Mallaig, woodlan8 d2 Kilcoy, Ross and Cromarty, cists 137 Loch Lang, South Uist, charcoal and peat analysis 16, Kilellan, Islay, settlement 77 23, 167 Kilwinning Abbey 396 Loch Maree, woodland clearance 25 Kinchin, P, lecture on Tea and Taste: Glasgow Tearooms Loch na Berie, Lewis, broch tower 71, 77 1875-1977 554 Loc Tredwellf ho , Papa Westray, Orkney 1823 18 , KINCARDINESHIRE: Loch of Winless, Caithness, pollen analyses 17, 24 Balbridie, pollen analyses 20 Loch Olabhat, N Uist, excavations 91 Catterline, Beaker from 137, 138 Loch Pityoulish, Inverness-shire, pollen from 19-20 How f Cromareo , pollen analysi dat d , 219 san e20 2 , Loch Portain, N Uist, excavation and environmental Nether Criggie, Beaker from 137, 138 investigation of sub-peat stone bank 155-71 Kingside Loch, woodland clearance 31 Loch Shiel, woodland histor8 y2 KINROSS-SHIRE: Loch Sionascaig, woodland clearanc histord 7 2 ean , y25 Kinross House, hangings and tapestries from 461, Lochan Mor, lona 491, 493 4623 46 , Lochend, Inverness-shire, Beaker from 136 Kintyre, vegetational history 19, 27-9, 64 Lochleven Linlithgowd an , , hangings from 455-66 Kirk Hammerton 375 Lochwood Castle, Dumfriesshire, window-grille from Kirkburn, Dumfriesshire, Grooved Ware from 123 443, 445-6 KIRKCUDBRIGHTSHIRE: LoweGeorgn o , C , ee 'brochs Petrith d f Papean o ' a Rispain Camp 281 Westray 173-87 Sweetheart Abbey 401, 403 Luce Sands, Wigtownshire, Grooved Ware fro2 m12 Kirkintilloch, Roman fort 306 Kirriemuir, Pictish figur2 e32 Macfarlane, W, plan of Perth 487 Machrie Moor, Arran: Lacaille, work on Bhaltos peninsula 71, 74, 75 Grooved Ware fro3 m12 Lairg, Sutherland, woodland clearance 25 polle2 3 , n 28 fro , m19 Project prehistore th : Highlana f yo d landscape, MacLeod excavatio, ,C wheelhousef no ,0 Cni8 , p71 lectur 545-n eo 6 MacSween, A, on Collared Urn from Carronbridge 264, Lamb , worR , Main ko l Ston4 e32 265 lamp, stone 174 paper on petrographic study of Neolithic pottery from LANARKSHIRE: Pool, Sanday 549-50 Biggar Common, Beaker fro6 m13 Maes Howe, Orkney, geometric decoration 109 Grooved Ware from 124 The Mail Stone: an incised Pictish figure, Turner, V on Borthwick Castle, dra fror 8 wba m 44 315-25 Hillend, Clydesdale, excavation of pits containing Main Balnagowanf so , Beaker cist from 1378 13 , Grooved Ware 113-127, Fiche Malcol 374I m5 II 37 , Wellbrae, Clydesdale, Grooved Ware from 123 maps, early, of Perth 470-2, 474, 479, 481, 485, 487 landscape, Highland prehistore th , Laire th , gy of Project , Marwick , worH , Orknen ko 7 y17 lecture on 545-6 Mary Queen of Scots, and Linlithgow and Lochleven lead ingots 307 hangings 455, 457, 459-60, 461, 462-3, 466 leather working, Roman Maxwell, G S, on Iron Age occupation in Fife 63 Lecture summaries 543-8 Maxwell-Irving, A M T, on Scottish yetts and window- Leobag, Callanish, Lewis, charcoa polled an l n analysis grilles 433-54 16, 23-47 16 , McCarthy, M, lecture on early medieval Carlisle 543^1 Lesliedale Moss, Orkney, peat 24 McCormick excavationn o , F , t Pluscardea s n Priory, Leuchars, Fife, parish churc7 h37 Moray 391-432 Lewis, sites, see under Ross and Cromarty on animal bones from Pluscarden Priory 411-13, Fiche 574 SOCIET ANTIQUARIEE TH F YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1994

McCullagh , e LairlecturR th , gn o eProject e th : Murraster, Shetland, first agriculture 24 prehistor Highlana f yo d landscape 545—6 Murraymedievan o , C J , l pottery from Pluscarden Priory McCulloch millind an , lonJ n , g5 o a50 425-6, Fiche McKerral Campbeltown o , A , 9 n50 Murthly, Pictish figure 321, 322 McKinley , worI ,J Mouslandt ka , Orkney 146-7 medieval period: nails 338^U) Antonine Wall, reference 293-o st 8 National Monuments Record of Scotland 173, 282 Bhaltos settlements 85-7 needle, bronze 337-8 Duffus Castle, Moray, excavations at 379-90 Neolithic period: Pluscarden Priory, Moray, excavation t 391—43sa 2 agriculture St Ronan's, lona, excavation of an early church and impact of 152 women's cemetery 327-65, Fiche Loch Portain UisN , t 155-71 Melrose Abbe1 y40 and woodland 31, 32-3 Mesolithic period: Bhaltos, lack of settlement 76 Bhaltos 71,757 7 , Black Loch, Fife 60-2, 63 Black Loch, Fife 60-2 elm decline 18-19, 20-220 ,6 Little Gight flint scatter (see also flint artefacts) Skara Brae, decorated Skaill knife from 103-11 95-101 Nether Criggie, Kincardineshire, Beaker from 137, 138 Rum, Mesolithic activity and vegetation change 16, Newstead, Roman fort 299 22-3, 64 Nicholson parasitn o , froa C , eov m Pluscarden Priory woodland interference 15-18 420, Fiche Middleton parasitn o , J fro,a eov m Pluscarden Priory Norse period: 420, Fiche Bhaltos site , 71,82-s70 3 MIDLOTHIAN: Cnip Headland, graves 70, 71, 83 Craigmillar Castle, yett from 434 The Udal 84 Edinburgh Castle, yett from 433-4 North Carnaby Temple, Grooved Ware fro3 m12 Holyroodhous5 e46 North Locheynort, South Uist 16-17 Mills, C, on microfossil analysis of organic deposit from North Mains, Strathallan, Perthshire, pollen0 2 fro , m19 Pluscarden Priory 415-17 Northton, Harris, settlement 75, 76, 77 Crone& , EdwardsA ,Whittington & J K ,n o , G , Northumberland, yetts from 435 excavation and environmental investigation of Nostell Priory 3672 37 , sub-peat stone bank, Loch Portain Uis,N t 155-71 notched implements, cetacean bone 192, 194, 201-3, 227 mill millingd san : notched object 269, Fiche Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona 491-508, Fiche Nunraw, East Lothian, Beaker burial 138 pool basin 491, 494, 495-7, 501-2, 506 nut shells, Hillend 125 medieva3 50 l modern 503-5 O'Neil, M, illustration of bone and antler artefacts, millstream, Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona, O'Sullivan J, on Foshigarr Mhic Ba cd Connainyan , e IronAg excavations beside 491-508, Fiche sites, N Uist 189-231 mirror handle, bone 192, 193, 194, 198, 224-5, 227 O'Sullivan J, on excavations beside Sruth a'Mhuillin, modelling tools, bone 207 lona 491-508, Fiche monastic complex, Pluscarden Priory, Moray, on excavatio n earla f yo n churc d women'an h s excavations at 391-432 cemetery t Ronan'S , s parish church, lona Monkwearmouth Peter't S , 2 s37 327-65, Fiche MORAY: O'Sullivan, P E, pollen from Loch Pityoulish, Inverness- Auchindoun, pit 428 shire 19-20 Darnaway, Forres, Beaker cist 137 oak undee se , r tree species Duffus Castle, excavation t 379-9sa 0 Oakhanger, , pollen fro9 m1 Duffus House 383 Oban, pollen dat1 e2 Elgin Cathedral 3991 40 , ogham: Pluscarden Priory, excavations at 391-432 inscription 219-220 pollen analysis in 3 stones, Shetland 317 St Giles Church, Elgin 395 Old Kilpatrick, Roman fort 301, 304, 305, 306, 311 mortar, analysis of from St Ronan's parish church, lona Old Leckie House, Stirlingshire, window-grille from 345-7 446, 447 Mousland, Orkney, Bronz e burialAg e , excavatiof no Oldfield, F, work on elm decline 20-1 141-54 ORKNEY: Muirton Mains, Beaker fragments from 137 Backakeldy, Holm, cist 150 Mull, woodland histor7 y2 Barnhouse, Stenness1 14 , Mumrills, Roman fort 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 308, Birsay, Pictish figure 3212 32 , 309,311 Brodgar, decorated sla9 b10 Munkerhoose t BonifaceS , , Papa Westray, Orkney Brough of Birsay, church 377 177-83 Buckquo9 y19 INDEX 575

Castl f Bothikano e e Petriese , , e Georgth d an e High Street, harbour at 467 'brochs Papf o ' a Westray, Lowe 173-8n o , C , 7 Jacobite defences of 470, 478 Castle of Millyemay, see Petrie, George and the maps, early, of 470-2, 474, 479, 481, 485, 487 'brochs Papf o ' a Westray, Lowe 173-8n o , C , 7 Petit , maL , p of 471 Cloddyhall, Sandwick, cis0 15 t Public Hall, remain 481f so , 487-8 Dounby, mill 500 Rutherford' 470f o p , 472sma , 4795 ,48 Hol mf Papo a Westray 182 Tay Street, excavation of early harbour site, Bowler, Lesliedale Moss, pea4 2 t Cachart& 467-8n D o , R , 9 Link Noltlandf so , Westray 103^ PERTHSHIRE: Loch of Tredwell, Papa Westray 182, 183 Beinn Lawer4 s1 Macs Howe, geometric decoratio9 n10 John't bellS , sof s Kirk, Perth 525-41 Mousland, Bronze Age burial, excavation of 141-54 Dubhm Ca , pollen analysis 29,30 Munkerhoose, St Boniface, Papa Westray 177-83 Castle Menzies, dra fror 8 wba m 44 Papa Westray, Petrie, e Georg'brochsth d f ean o ' Creag nan Caillich, Loch Tay, (see also Beinn 173-87 Lawers) woodland clearance 29 Pool, Sanday 104, 110 Dupplin, Pictish figur3 e32 Pool, Sanday, petrographic study of Neolithic pottery Forteviot, lintel 376-7 from, summar papef yo 549-5n ro 0 Forteviot, Pictish figure 3223 ,32 Quanterness, Skaill knife from 104 Inchbrayock, Pictish figure 3223 32 , Queenafjold, buria1 15 l Murthly, Pictish figure 3212 ,32 Quoyness, Skaill knife fro4 m10 North Mains, Strathallan, pollen from 19, 20 Quoyscottie, burial mound 151, 152-3 Perth: Skara Brae, decorated Skaill knife from 103-11 bells of St John's Kirk 525^11 St Boniface, Munkerhoose, Papa Westray, 177-83 catalogue of 526-35 Tofts Ness, Sanday, 104 Cromwell's citadel 470 Trumland, Rousay, burial mound 152 Friarton, harbour, 485,488 Westray, souterrains 175 Greyfriars burial ground 470, 478 woodland clearanc4 2 n ei High Street, harbour at 467 Oronsay, woodland history 27, 28 Jacobite defence 470f so 8 ,47 Orosius, and references to Eastern terminal of Antonine maps, early, of 470-2, 474, 479, 481, 485, 487 Wall 293-7 Petit1 , ma47 L , f po oven, Roman 258-60 Public Hall, remain 481f so , 487-8 Owenpenannulan o , O , r brooch, swor sickld dan e from Rutherford' 470f o p , 472sma , 4795 ,48 Carronbridge 267-8 y StreetTa , excavatio f earlo n y harbour site, Bowler, D & Cachart, R, on 467-89 padlock, iro8 n33 Petit , maL , Pertf po h 471 Palaeolithic period: Petrie, Georgee 'brochsth d f Papan ,o ' a Westray, Lowe, Pontnewydd Cave and Wales,lecture on 546 C, on 173-87 Palynology a predictiv s a , e too n archaeologyi l , petrographic study of Neolithic pottery from Pool, Whittington Edwards& 55-6 n , o G , , J 5K , Sanday, summary of paper on 549-50 palynology, see also pollen analyses, woodlands etc: phosphate analysi1 13 s and for fatd Scotland'f meo an s woodlands 1-54 Pickletillem, Fife, pollen analysis 30 distribution maps of sampled sites 4, 6, 7 picks, antler 192, 194, 203^7 ,22 interpretive model9 s5- Pictish period: radiocarbon dating 3, 5, 6-8, 9, 14, 20, 21-2 Black Loch, Fife, evidenc vicinitn ei 7 5 f yo later prehistoric clearance 22-32 The Mail Stone; an incised Pictish figure, site directory 51^t Cunningsburgh, Shetland 315-25 Papa Westray, George 'brochs e Petrith d ef 173-8an o ' 7 pin, bronze 337-8 parasite ova, from Pluscarden Priory 420, Fiche pine undee se , r tree species Parker crematen o , S , d bone from Carronbridge 264-6 pin pinheads& s , bone 192, 194, 195-6, 197, 210, peat, blanket 13, 15, 23, 24, 25, 29, 152 212-137 22 , sub-peat stone bank, Loch Portain UisN , t 155-171 shroud 334, 336 penannular brooch, silver 267-8, pipe, mouthpiece, bone, from 482, 484 pendants, bone 192, 193, 225, 226, 227 plant remains, see also pollen analyses: Pennant millind an , lonn T ,g o a 503-4 Carronbridge 270, 281, Fiche Pennington, J, on parasite ova from Pluscarden Priory macroscopic, from Sruth a'Mhuilinn, lona 497-8, 420, Fiche Fiche Perth: plaques, cetacean bone 192, 194, 196, 221-2 bells of St John's Kirk 525^1 plates, bone 192, 194, 221-2 catalogue of 526-35 bronze 337-8 Cromwell's citadel 470 Pluscarden Priory, Moray, excavations at 391^132, Fiche Friarton, harbour, 485, 488 animal remains from 411-13 Greyfriars burial ground 470, 478 faecal matter textiln o , e 420-3 576 SOCIET ANTIQUARIEE TH F YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1994

insect remains 417-19, 428 Queen Margaret, and Dunfermline Abbey 377 parasite ova 420, Fiche and relics of St Andrew 373, 374 pollen analysis 415-17, Fiche Queenafjold, Orkney, burial 151 pre-Reformation histor 393-f yo 6 querns 1743 ,19 Priory church 396^103 Quoyness, Orkney, Skaill knife from 104 points, bone 192, 194, 213-15, 227 Quoyscottie, Orkney, burial mound 151, 152-3 perforated 192, 194, 213-15, 227 polishers, bone 192, 194, 207-9 radiocarbo declinnm dateel , 21-22d 1 e3 20 s an , ,28 pollen analyses: see also site entries radiocarbon dates: Black Loch, Fife, palynological project 58-62 Bharpa Caranish UisN , t Loch Portain UistN , , sub-peat stone bank 155-71 Birsay, Orkne2 y15 Mousland, Orkney 149-50 Black Loch, Fife 60-2 palynology as a predictive tool in archaeology Braeroddach Loch 21, 29 55-65 Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire 241, 244, 245, 246, 247, Sruth a'Mhuilinn, lona 498-9 248, 249, 250, 255, 272-4 Pluscarden Priory 415-17, Fiche Din Moss 21-2 Scottish woodlands 2-54 Dun Bharabat 77 dating 34-5 Harray, Orkney 152 distribution maps of sampled sites 4, 6, 7, Hillend, Lanarkshire 118 histor3 2- f yo Howe of Cromar 21, 29 interpretive models 5-9 Loch Davan 21 radiocarbon dating 3, 5, 6-8, 9, 13, 14, 20, 21-2 Loch Portain, N Uist 159, 160-1, 162, 167, 169 site directory 51^t Mousland, Orkne7 y14 and vegetation histor9 y2- Oban 21 Pontnewydd Cave and the earliest Palaeolithic of Wales, Sheshader, Lewis 167-8 lectur6 54 n eo Pluscarden Prior0 y41 pool basin, Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona 491, 494, 495-7, Tob nan Leobag, Callanish, Lewis 23 501-26 50 , Western Isles 13 Pool, Sanday, Orkney 104, 110 Yetholm Loch, 22 petrographic stud f Neolithio y c pottery from, radiocarbon dating: summary of paper on 549-50 and pollen analysis 34 post medieval period: and vegetation history 3, 5, 6-8, 9, 13, 14, 20, 21-2 Bhaltos, Lewis, 19th century occupatio7 n8 Ralston Mesolithin o , I , c impac woodlann o t d 15 Coopers Lane Project, Campbeltown, Argyll, craft & Armit, I, & Cowie, T, on pits containing Grooved and cooperage in 509-23 Ware from Hillend 113-27, Fiche excavations beside Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona 491-508, RCAHMS , 81,174-,72 survey, 71 , 5 s69 Fiche Reformation, pre-, history of Pluscarden Priory 393-6 pottery: Reid, map of Perth 487 Beakers 74-5, 129-39 Restenneth Priory 3745 37 , Bronze Age 77 Review article: Tipping n ford o fatf an o m, e R , Collared Urns 262, 264, 2650 ,28 Scotland's woodlands 1-54 Craggan ware 343-4 Rhoin Farm, Aros Moss, Kintyre, pollen from 19 Delft war8 e38 m RhumRu e se , Grooved Ware 110, 113-127 Rhynie, incised Pictish figures 320, 3214 32 , medieval 388, 479, 484 rings, antler 192, 194,221 beaker 426 Rispain Camp, Kirkcudbrightshire 281 East Anglian 425 road, Roman 259, 260, 279, 286 face-mask jugs 426 Robert, Bisho t AndrewsS t f Rule'po S d san , churcht S , green glazed 410 Andrews 371,372, 373 Knight jug 426 Robinson, D E, work on pollen analyses 17 from Pluscarden 425-6, 428, Fiche Roman period: Scarborough Ware 4269 42 , Antonine Wall, Eastern terminu , 12tof s r h13to h strap handle 406 century evidence 293-8 urinal 4268 42 , fort-annexes, provision of on 299-314 Neolithic, petrographic study of 549-50 Black Loch, evidence for in vicinity of Fife 57 Roman, productio8 30 f no Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire, excavation of camp, Samian, from Bhaltos 81 Bronze Age cremations and Iron Age white glazed 4 1 1 settlements 233-91 18th century 479, 484 industry 307-8 19th century Traprain, Treasure of, and its place in the study of late silver, lectur8 54 n eo Quanterness, Orkney, Skaill knife fro4 m10 woodland clearanc Scotlann ei , 32 , d31 quartz pebbles 358-9 Ronalds way, Isl Manf eo , plaques 109 INDEX 577

Rosinish, Benbecula, settlemen 1677, 7 76, t Shepherd , worG Rhynin kA o I , , Pictise7 h stone Ross AND CROMARTY: Sheridan, A, work on Creag na Caillich & Beinn Lawers Barvas, Lewis, settlemen7 7 t 14,29 Bhaltos (Valtos) peninsula, Lewis, field survey, & Hanley, R, on a Beaker cist from Balblair, Beauly, Armit, I, on 67-93, F Inverness 129-39 Black Isle, Beaker cists fro7 m13 Sheshader, Lewis, pollen analysis 23 Callanish, Lewis, Archaeological Research Project SHETLAND: 67,71 Bressay, Pictish figure 322, 323, 324 Callanish Leobag, Lewis, charcoal analysi7 16 , 16 s Burra Isle, Papil stone 317, 320-1 Cnip, Bhaltos, Lewis 70, 71, 74-5, 80, 81 Catpund, soapstone quarries 319 Cnip, Lewis1 , 8 wheelhous , 80 , 71 , e67 Dallican Water, agriculture 24 Cni , siteIroe p2 nAg , Bhaltos 81 Kebister, agricultur4 e2 Dalmore, Lewis, structures 75-6 pollen analysis 17 Dun Bharabhat, Atlantic , roundhous77 , 71 , 67 e e MaiTh l Stone n incisea , d Pictish figure, 79-80 Cunningsburgh 315-25 Kilcoy, cists 137 Murraster, first agriculture 24 Lewis, pollen analyses 13 pollen analyses 11-127 1 , 13 , Little Loch Roag, Lewis, pollen analysis 23 Scor Brousterf do , clearanc agriculturd ean 2 3 , e24 Loch Bualaval Beag, Lewis, pollen fro3 m2 Shirriffs pollen Hulmeo & , J , D n P fro, m North Mains, Loch Maree, woodland clearance 25 Strathallan 19,20 Loc Beriea hn , Lewis, broc, 77 h, towe73 , , 7172 r67 , sickles 267-8, 287, Fiche 79-80 Sidhean a' Chairn Bhuidhe, souterrain 81 Loch Shiel, woodland history 28 silver artefacts: Rossie, Pictish figure 321, 322 penannular brooch 267-8, Sheshader, Lewis 167-8 Sinclair, J, and cooperage industry 514 pollen analysi3 s2 Skaill knife, decorated, from Skara Brae 103-11 Sidhean a' Chairn Bhuidhe, Lewis, souterrain 81 Skara Brae, Orkney, decorated Skaill knife from 103-11 Teamphull, Bhalto1 s8 Skene millind an , lonJ ,n 5 go a50 Teampull Berie, Bhaltos, Lewis 83, 84 Skidmore remainy fl n o , s P ,fro m Pluscarden Priory Leobagn na b ,To Callanish, Lewis, pollen analysis 418-19 23-4, 33 slag 255 Traigh Clibhe, Lewis, possibl6 8 , circlt 76 ehu t ea Slater, E, on vitreous waste from Carronbridge 269, Traig Beriea hn , Lewis, ,76 site, erosiod 72 an s , n71 Fiche 81, 83, 88-90 Smith, C, on animal bones from Perth harbour site 484 Ross-shire, see Ross and Cromarty Smithmillind an , lonJ n ,5 go a50 Rossie, Pictish figure 321, 322 Maid Smithan l, StonM , e 315 Rough Castle, Roman fort 300-1, 303, 305, 306 Societ Antiquarief yo f Scotlanso 3 d17 roundhouses: see also Atlantic roundhouse Fellows, election of 558-62 Carronbridge 244-50, 282-3 Meeting Reportd san s 551-63 Munkerhoose t BonifaceS , , Papa Westray, Orkney socketed antler segments 219-21 177-83 socketed objects, bone 192, 194, 196, 2105 ,21 Roxburgh Castle, yett fro4 m43 soil analyses: ROXBURGHSHIRE: Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire 271-2 Kingside Loch, woodland clearance 31 Mousland 143, 147-8, 149-50 Melrose Abbey 401 St Ronan's Parish church, lona 329, 344-5 Roxburgh Castle, yett from 434 Sruth a'Mhuilinn, lon7 a49 Rum, Mesolithic activity and vegetion change 16, 22-3, 64 Pluscarden Priory 420, Fiche woodland histor6 y2 North Uist 190 Rutherford, A, map of Perth 470, 472, 479, 485 souterrains 81, 167, 175 South Clunes, Beaker from 137, Saville decoraten o , A , d Skaill knife from Skara Brae, South Uist, see under Inverness-shire Orkney 103-11 spatulae, bone 192, 194, 205-77 ,22 Sawley, Yorkshire referenced an , Antonino t s e Wall 294, Spearman , wor M ,Mai n ko l Stone 315, 3179 ,31 295 spindle whorls 97 Scaife , worR , Mouslandn ko , Orkney 147-8 bone 192, 194,215,227 Scor f Brousterdo , Shetland, clearanc agriculturd an e e Sruth a'Mhuillin, lona, O'Sullivan J, on excavations 24,32 beside 491-508, Fiche Scotland, woodlands, for fatd f 1-5meo an 4 St Andrew, shrine of 371, 373 sediment cores, Black Loch, Fife, palynological project St Andrews, Fife t Rule'S , s Church earld an , y stone-built 58-62 churche Scotlann si d 367-78 Seton Collegiate church, East Lothia3 n40 St Boniface, Munkerhoose, Papa Westray, Orkney Severus, and references to Eastern terminal of Antonine 177-83 Wall 293-7 St Giles Church, Elgin, Mora5 y39 578 SOCIET ANTIQUARIEE TH F YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1994

St Jerome d referencean , o Eastert s n terminaf o l Tay Street, Perth, excavatio f earlo n y harbour site, Antonine Wall 293-7 Bowler, D & Cachart, R, on 467-89 St John's Kirk, Perth, bells 525-41 Taymouth Castle, hangings from 460 St John's Kirk, Perth, bells, catalogue of 526-35 TasteTed aan : Glasgow Tearooms 1875-1975, lecturn eo St Leonards School, St Andrews, and hanging from 547 Linlithgow 455, 465 Teamphull, Bhaltos, 81 St Mary's Bishophill, Yor2 k37 Teampull Berie, Bhaltos, Lewis 83, 84 St Monans church, Fife 403 temples, Roma9 n30 St Peter's Monkwearmout2 h37 tephr Hekld aan a eruptio7 n2 St Ronan's medieval parish church and women's textiles: cemetery, lona, excavation of 327-65, Fiche Lochleve Linlithgod nan w hangings, Swainn o , M , St Rule's Church, St Andrews and early stone-built 455-66 churches in Scotland 367-78 remains, wool, Pluscarden Priory 409, 420-23, Fiche stamp, antler 192, 194, 2167 ,22 Thomas, F W L, work on Westray 175, 182 stapl9 e33 Thorfinn, Earl of Orkney 377 steatite vessel0 15 s Threave Castl4 e43 STIRLINGSHIRE: Tilquhillie, draw bar from 448 Dubh Lochan, pollen analysis 30-1 Tipping, R, on Creag na Caillich & Beinn Lawers 14 Leckid Ol e House, window-grille fro6 m44 on for fatd Scotland'f meo an s woodlands 1-54 stone artefacts: palynological assessmen f Sruto t h a'Mhuilinn, lona axeheads, Neolithi 1456 c5 , 150, 1512 ,15 498-9 balls, carved stone 56, 57 wor pollen Cheviote ko th n ni 0 s2 sandstone 269, Fiche Tofts Ness, Sanday, Orkney 104 carved fragments, 18th century 470, 481, 483 Traigh Clibhe, Lewis6 , 8 possibl , 77 , circlt e76 hu t ea cross inscribed stone 3402 ,34 Traigh na Berie, Lewis, sites and erosion 71, 72, 76, 81, disc 426 83, 88-90 fluted stone 3402 ,34 Traprain Law, Treasure of, and its place in the study of 'lamp4 17 ' late Roman silver, lectur8 54 n eo gravestones, coopers' 511 trees undee se : r woodland typer sfo f woodlanso d knives, ground-edge 109 alder 10, 11, 12, 12-13, Skaill 103-11 2 1 , 11 h as notched object 269, Fiche birch 11, 12, 12-13, 14, 23-5, 60, 61 pebbles, decorate9 d10 myrtlg bo 0 e1 plaques 109 elm 10, 11, 14,60,61 quern 174, 193 declin , 18-22,28,31,6e9 0 steatite vessel0 s15 hawthorn 11 whetstones 269, Fiche hazel 10, 11, 12-13, 14, 23-5, 60, 61 Pictish, inscised 315-25 holly 11 straps 340 junipe2 1 , 11 r Strathmartine, incised Pictish figure 320, 321 , 13,27-8,60,612 , 11 oa, k10 1 Streatlam Castle Durhamo C , , window-grille from 436-7 pine , 13,25-1011 , 7 structural survey, Coopers Lane, Campbeltown 516-22 pine, decline of 26-27 interpretatio phasind nan g 520-2 poplar 11 stud, bronze 337-8 rowan 11, 12 Suisgill, Sutherland, woodland clearance 25 , 12-13willo12 , w,11 Sutherland family, and Duffus Castle, Moray 382-3 Trumland, Rousay, Orkney, burial mound 152 SUTHERLAND: tubes, bone 192, 194, 217 An Druim, pollen analysis 24 turned objects, bone 192, 194, 216-17, 218 Ben Klibreck, vegetatio5 n2 Turner, R, work on pollen 14 Cross Lochs, pollen analyses 17 Turner, V, on the Mail Stone: an incised Pictish figure, Golspie, Pictish figure 321, 3234 ,32 Cunningsburgh 315-25 Lairg, woodland clearance 25 two-pronged implements, bone 192, 194, 210 Loch Sionascaig, woodland clearance and history 25, 27 Tyrol, window-grilles from 433, 434, 435, 439-42, 443 pollen analysis in 3 Suisgill, woodland clearanc5 e2 Udale Th , 7 Nort16 , h 85 Uis , 84 t Swain, M, on Lochleven and Linlithgow hangings Uists, North and South, see under Inverness-shire 455-66 Sweetheart Abbey 4013 ,40 Valley Bog, Teesdale, work on pollen 21 sword 267-8, 287, Fich• e Valliscaullian Orde Pluscarded ran n Priory 393-6 bronze, Gundlingen type 56 Valtos Bhaltoe se , s vegetation history undee se , r palynology, pollen analyses, Tabraham Cannel& excavationn C ,o , J , t Duffua s s site names, woodland history etc Castle, Moray 379-90 Venice, window-grilles from 435, 437-9, 4407 ,44 INDEX 579 vertebrae, cetacean bone 192, 194 and environmental investigation of sub-peat Viking period: stone bank, Loch Portain UisN , t 155-71 Bhaltos sites 70, 71, 82-3 Wickham-Jones, C, work on Rum 16 Cnip Headland, graves 70, 71, 83 work on Skara Brae chipped stone industry 107 The Udal 84 WIGTOWNSHIRE: Vindolanda 3089 30 , Luce Sands, Grooved Ware from 122 vitreous waste 269, Fiche Wilkins, D A, work on pollen analyses 11 window glass 410 Wales, Pontnewyd earliesde th Cav d etan Palaeolithi, cof 14th century 424-5, Fiche lecture on 546 window-grilles and yetts, Scottish, Maxwell-Irving, A M Walker, J, and milling on lona 503—4, 505 T on 433-54 walls, sub-pea5 15 t woodland history: Waterhall, St Andrews, Fife, cist 150 altitudinal limits 13-14 Waternish, Skye, RCAHMS surve9 y6 and blanket peat inception 15 Watling lodge, Roman fort 305 8000-3000 BC 9-18 wedges, bone 192, 194, 195-6 Mesolithic impact and interference 15-18, 22-3 Welander, R, on penannular brooch, sword and sickle climatic change 14-15 from Carronbridge 267-8 site directory 51^- Wellbrae, Clydesdale, Grooved Ware from 123 woodlands alse se ,o pollen analyses, woodland history WEST LOTHIAN: etc: Dalmeny parish churc7 h37 distribution of types 11, 12 Linlithgow, and Lochleven, hangings from 455-66 types of: Western Isles, see under Inverness-shire & Ross and birch/hazel/oak woods 23-25, 29-30 Cromart r sityfo e names elm/oak/hazel woods 30-32 Westerwood, Roman fort 3016 30 , hazel/birch/oak woods 23-25, 29-30 Westray, souterrains 175 hazel/oak/elm woods 30-32 whales, see also bone artefacts and cetacean bone oak/birch/hazel woods 23-25, 29-30 expoitatio f 198-9no , 227-8 oak/hazel/elm woods 30-32 Wharram-le-Street, parish church 372 Scotland's, Tipping, R, on form and fate of 1-54 wheelhouse , 71,80-s67 1 wool, Pluscarden Priory 409, 420-23, Fiche Bac Mhic Connain, N Uist, bone and antler artefacts from 189-231 X-ray fluorescenc8 e22 Cnip, Lewis 71,80, 81 Foshigarry UistN , , bon d antlean e r artefacts from Yetholm Loch, radiocarbon dat2 e2 189-231 yetts and window-grilles, Scottish, Maxwell-Irving, A M Carry lochdrach Uis10 N , 19 t 433-5Tn o , 4 Sollas, NUist 190, 199 site list of Scottish recorded by Christison 451 whetstones 269, Fiche Whittington Edwards & palynologn , o G , , J K a , s ya York t Mary'S , s Bishophil2 37 l predictive too archaeologn i l y 55-65 Young Fellows Bursary 1994, summary of paper & Mills, C, Crone, A, & Edwards, K J, on excavation 549-50