DOCSLIB.ORG

3 International Stock Assessment and Data Needs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
3 International Stock Assessment and Data Needs 26 EIFAC/ICES WGEEL Report 2008 3 International stock assessment and data needs 3.1 Introduction on stock assessment and data needs TheȱEuropeanȱUnionȱhasȱdecidedȱonȱaȱprotectionȱandȱrestorationȱplanȱ(EelȱRegulaȬ tion)ȱinȱ2007,ȱaimingȱatȱtheȱprotectionȱofȱ40%ȱofȱtheȱsilverȱeels,ȱrelativeȱtoȱaȱsituationȱ withoutȱ humanȱ influence.ȱ Atȱ theȱ heartȱ ofȱ theȱ Regulationȱ isȱ theȱ obligationȱ forȱ allȱ MemberȱStatesȱtoȱdevelopȱaȱ(nationalȱorȱriverȱbasinȱspecific)ȱmanagementȱplanȱforȱtheȱ eelȱ stockȱ andȱ fisheries,ȱ aimingȱ atȱ theȱ agreedȱ 40%ȱ target.ȱ Eachȱ managementȱ planȱ shouldȱcontainȱanȱassessmentȱofȱtheȱcurrentȱstatusȱofȱtheȱlocalȱstock,ȱaȱdescriptionȱofȱ futureȱmonitoringȱandȱregistrationȱofȱcatchȱandȱfisheriesȱforȱfutureȱassessmentsȱofȱtheȱ stockȱandȱanthropogenicȱimpacts.ȱ Theȱ WGEELȱ considersȱ itsȱ tasksȱ (ICESȱ andȱ EIFACȱ ToRs)ȱ toȱ assessȱ andȱ evaluateȱ theȱ overallȱstatusȱofȱtheȱstock,ȱandȱtheȱimpactȱofȱprotectionȱmeasuresȱtaken.ȱThereȱisȱanȱ apparentȱoverlapȱwithȱtheȱobligationȱinȱtheȱEelȱRegulation,ȱtoȱreportȱonȱtheȱstatusȱofȱ theȱstockȱinȱindividualȱEelȱManagementȱUnits,ȱandȱwithȱtheȱevaluationȱbyȱtheȱComȬ mission.ȱHowever,ȱtheȱassessmentȱofȱtheȱworkingȱgroupȱwillȱfocusȱonȱtheȱtotalȱpopuȬ lation,ȱindependentȱofȱtheȱsplitȱoverȱjurisdictionsȱandȱmanagementȱunits.ȱOnlyȱwhereȱ theȱbiologicalȱprocessesȱareȱinherentlyȱspatiallyȱdiversified,ȱwillȱtheȱassessmentȱofȱtheȱ workingȱgroupȱgoȱintoȱdisaggregateȱanalyses.ȱ Thisȱchapterȱwillȱelaborateȱtheȱconceptsȱofȱanȱinternationalȱassessmentȱofȱaȱregionallyȱ managedȱstockȱ(Sectionȱ3.2),ȱandȱderiveȱcriteriaȱforȱaȱminimallyȱrequiredȱdatasetȱonȱ eelȱ(Sectionȱ3.3).ȱ 3.2 International stock assessment 3.2.1 International management and stock assessment TheȱEUȱRegulationȱonȱeelȱsetsȱaȱcommonȱtargetȱforȱtheȱescapementȱofȱsilverȱeels,ȱatȱ 40%ȱ ofȱ theȱ naturalȱ escapementȱ inȱ theȱ absenceȱ ofȱ anthropogenicȱ impacts.ȱ Inȱ accorȬ danceȱ withȱ theȱ precautionaryȱ adviceȱprovidedȱ byȱ ICESȱ (2002),ȱitȱ isȱ assumedȱ thatȱ aȱ stockȱrecruitmentȱrelationshipȱexists.ȱMemberȱStatesȱareȱobligedȱtoȱimplementȱprotecȬ tiveȱmeasuresȱtoȱachieveȱtheȱescapementȱtarget,ȱandȱshouldȱprovideȱaȱtimeȱscheduleȱ forȱ theȱ attainmentȱ ofȱ thisȱ target.ȱ Thisȱ timeȱ scheduleȱ isȱ certainlyȱ muchȱ moreȱ deterȬ minedȱbyȱtheȱslowȱbiologicalȱrestorationȱofȱtheȱstockȱ(decades;ȱÅströmȱandȱDekker,ȱ 2007),ȱ thanȱ byȱ theȱ timeȱ requiredȱ to ȱ implementȱ theȱ protectionȱ measuresȱ completelyȱ (years?).ȱTheȱRegulationȱsetsȱnoȱlimitȱonȱtheȱtimeȱframeȱforȱrestoration.ȱImplicitly,ȱthisȱ rulesȱoutȱtheȱhypothesisȱthatȱtheȱstock–recruitmentȱrelationshipȱisȱdeterminedȱbyȱdeȬ pensatoryȱprocesses,ȱasȱtentativelyȱfoundȱinȱhistoricalȱdataȱ(Dekker,ȱ2004;ȱICESȱ2007).ȱ Asȱ anȱ alternativeȱ toȱ theȱ depensationȱ hypothesis,ȱ itȱ hasȱ beenȱ hypothesized,ȱ thatȱ theȱ declineȱofȱtheȱstockȱmightȱhaveȱbeenȱcausedȱbyȱclimateȱfactorsȱ(Chapterȱ7ȱofȱthisȱreȬ port),ȱpollutionȱorȱparasitismȱ(chapterȱ6ȱofȱthisȱreport),ȱandȱothersȱactingȱinȱtheȱoceȬ anicȱphase.ȱ NotingȱthatȱtheȱEUȱEelȱRegulationȱhasȱsetȱtargetsȱforȱtheȱquantityȱ(biomass)ȱofȱsilverȱ eelsȱescapingȱfromȱtheȱcontinent,ȱandȱobligesȱMemberȱStatesȱtoȱtakeȱprotectiveȱmeasȬ uresȱprimarilyȱfocusingȱonȱtheȱquantitiesȱescaping,ȱbutȱhasȱnotȱsetȱtargetsȱandȱdoesȱ notȱobligeȱtoȱtakeȱactionsȱwithȱrespectȱtoȱotherȱprocessesȱ(relatedȱtoȱsilverȱeelȱquality,ȱ orȱ climateȱ change)ȱ in ȱ relationȱ toȱ eelȱ managementȱ (ifȱ possible),ȱ theȱ internationalȱ asȬ sessmentȱofȱtheȱstatusȱofȱtheȱstockȱwillȱpresentlyȱfocusȱonȱtheȱdynamicsȱofȱstockȱinȱ numbersȱ andȱ quantities,ȱ andȱ onȱ theȱ effectȱ ofȱ protectionȱ andȱ restorationȱ measuresȱ taken.ȱThisȱdoesȱnot,ȱinȱprinciple,ȱruleȱoutȱpotentialȱeffectsȱofȱotherȱfactors, ȱincludingȱ silverȱ eelȱ qualityȱ and/orȱ climateȱ factors.ȱ However,ȱ sinceȱ theȱ mechanismsȱ involvedȱ EIFAC/ICES WGEEL Report 2008 27 haveȱnotȱbeenȱclearedȱup,ȱandȱtheȱquantitativeȱimpactȱonȱtheȱstockȱisȱunclear,ȱthereȱisȱ noȱ wayȱ forwardȱ toȱ includeȱ theseȱ aspectsȱ inȱ internationalȱ stockȱ assessmentȱ atȱ thisȱ momentȱinȱtime.ȱFurtherȱresearchȱwillȱbeȱneeded,ȱtoȱelucidateȱtheȱprocesses,ȱtoȱquanȬ tifyȱtheȱimpacts,ȱtoȱfindȱmitigationȱmeasures,ȱtoȱadviseȱmanagementȱtargets,ȱandȱtoȱ assessȱ theȱ netȱ effectsȱ ofȱ measuresȱ takenȱ onȱ theȱ eelȱ stock.ȱ Untilȱ thatȱ hasȱ beenȱ done,ȱ primeȱ focusȱ inȱ theȱ stockȱ assessmentȱ willȱ necessarilyȱ restȱ withȱ “classical”ȱ fishȱ stockȱ assessment,ȱwhichȱforȱtheȱeelȱcase,ȱwillȱbeȱcomplexȱenough.ȱ Underȱ theȱ EUȱ Eelȱ Regulation,ȱ an ȱ internationalȱ assessmentȱ willȱ beȱ requiredȱ ofȱ theȱ populationȬwideȱstatusȱofȱtheȱstock,ȱandȱanȱassessmentȱofȱtheȱimpactȱofȱtheȱmanageȬ mentȱmeasuresȱtaken.ȱTheȱRegulationȱfocusesȱonȱstockȱdynamicsȱinȱtermsȱofȱquantiȬ tiesȱandȱbiomassȱandȱthusȱtheȱassessmentȱleavesȱasideȱscientificȱdebatesȱonȱtheȱimpactȱ ofȱspawnerȱqualityȱand/orȱclimateȱfactors.ȱAȱdecisionȱtreeȱdiagramȱforȱthisȱassessmentȱ isȱpresentedȱinȱFigureȱ3.1.ȱTheȱindicatedȱstepsȱareȱelaboratedȱinȱtheȱtextȱbelow;ȱ START 1. Trend in recruitment? increase 1.a increase continues over a long period (decades)? yes Success !! Recruitment does not restore, despite increasing silver eel escapement. decrease, or This is NOT consistent with the precautionary assumption of a minor increase (standard) stock-recruitment relationship. Several hypotheses arise: - incorrect assessment of trends in recruits or silver eels - stock-recruitment relationship is non-standard (e.g. depensatory) - unaccounted anthropogenic impacts (e.g. pollution, parasites, ...) 2. Global trend in silver eel increase - external pertubating processes (e.g. climate, ...) Further research will be required in order - to correct monitoring deficiencies, - to resolve the cause of the apparent mismatch between trends decrease - to develop mitigation measures, if possible - to set targets for cause, mitigation measure and effect on the eel stock - to post-evaluate net effects of these measures on the eel stock. 3. Local trend in silver eel escapement ? Locally successful management, encourage other areas to do the same, increase Assess by River Basin District! and consider stronger measures to speed up the recovery process! decrease Density dependence generally occurs where stock density is close to the potential maximum (carrying capacity). If local silver eel escapement declines, while available habitat does not, this indicates that that maximum is NOT reached anymore. 4. Is density dependence dominating Consider the following: the current local silver eel escapement? yes - incorrect assessment of trends Assess by River Basin District! - density dependence was actually not dominating the stock dynamics - unaccounted (non)-anthropogenic impacts, changing the carrying capacity. Research will be required, to find cause and remedy. Meanwhile, a further no precautionary reduction in anthropogenic impacts will be required. 5. Is relative survival (spawner per recruit) Await slow recovery, according to your local time schedule, consistent with your local time schedule? yes or take stronger measures to speed up the recovery process! Assess by River Basin District! no "Standard" fish stock assessment tools, including cohort-models, length-based assessments, etc. Tool-box development and standardisation of post-evaluation techniques is recommended. Development of standard targets for survival and time schedule is recommended. Escapement and survival below expectation, much stronger protective measures required!! Figureȱ3.1:ȱDecisionȱtreeȱforȱinternationalȱassessmentȱofȱtheȱimpactȱofȱprotectiveȱmeasuresȱtakenȱ underȱ theȱ EUȱ Eelȱ Regulation.ȱ Internationalȱ issuesȱ areȱ depictedȱ inȱ aȱ singleȬlinedȱ box,ȱ whereasȱ RiverȱBasinȱSpecificȱissuesȱareȱinȱaȱdoubleȬlinedȱbox.ȱ 28 EIFAC/ICES WGEEL Report 2008 3.2.2 Only recruitment and escapement trends? Takingȱaȱsuperficialȱ viewȱonȱ firstȱ examinationȱ ofȱ theȱ taskȱ ofȱinternationalȱ stockȱ asȬ sessment,ȱitȱmightȱappearȱthatȱtheȱtimeȬseriesȱdataȱonȱspawnerȱemigrationȱandȱglassȱ eelȱ recruitmentȱ areȱ theȱ onlyȱ dataȱ itemsȱ ofȱ informationȱ essentialȱ toȱ internationalȱ asȬ sessmentȱofȱeelȱstockȱandȱrecruitment.ȱThisȱview,ȱhowever,ȱignoresȱtheȱrealityȱofȱtheȱ currentȱ andȱ probableȱ futureȱ situation.ȱ Onlyȱ ifȱ recruitmentȱ wereȱ toȱ recoverȱ rapidlyȱ followingȱmeasuresȱtoȱincreaseȱspawningȱstock,ȱresultingȱinȱconfidenceȱthatȱrecoveryȱ isȱunderway,ȱwouldȱtheseȱtwoȱdataȱitemsȱsuffice.ȱSuchȱaȱrapidȱrecoveryȱisȱanȱunlikelyȱ scenario,ȱgivenȱthatȱourȱabilityȱtoȱincreaseȱspawningȱstockȱescapementȱsignificantlyȱ willȱ beȱ limitedȱ forȱ atȱ leastȱ anȱ eelȱ generation,ȱ asȱ aȱ consequenceȱ ofȱ theȱ pastȱ 15ȱ toȱ 25ȱ yearsȱofȱlowȱrecruitmentȱyetȱtoȱfeedȱthroughȱtoȱspawnerȱemigrationȱ(Chapterȱ2ȱofȱthisȱ report).ȱ Itȱ isȱ quiteȱ probable,ȱ therefore,ȱ thatȱ recruitmentȱ willȱ continueȱ toȱ declineȱ forȱ someȱtime,ȱandȱitȱwillȱbeȱalmostȱunavoidableȱthatȱsilverȱeelȱescapementȱwillȱalsoȱdeȬ clineȱconsiderablyȱfurtherȱforȱatȱleastȱsomeȱyears.ȱTheȱeffectivenessȱofȱprotectionȱandȱ restorationȱ measuresȱ takenȱ underȱ theȱ EUȱ Eelȱ Regulationȱ willȱ thereforeȱ haveȱ toȱ beȱ judgedȱonȱaȱrelativeȱscale:ȱtheȱrelativeȱimprovementȱofȱsurvivalȱ fromȱrecruitȱtoȱsilverȱ eel.ȱThisȱnecessitatesȱtheȱanalysisȱofȱtheȱfullȱcontinentalȱphaseȱofȱtheȱlifeȱcycle.ȱ 3.2.3 Issues of time-scale TheȱprincipalȱobjectiveȱofȱWGEELȱatȱitsȱfutureȱmeetingsȱwillȱbeȱassessment,ȱrenewedȱ annually,ȱofȱtheȱstateȱofȱtheȱstockȱandȱrecruitmentȱatȱanȱinternationalȱlevel.ȱTheȱdeȬ siredȱobjectiveȱofȱcurrentȱmanagementȱisȱclearlyȱthatȱmeasuresȱtakenȱtoȱprotectȱandȱ enhanceȱspawnerȱescapementȱresultȱinȱincreasedȱrecruitment.ȱTheȱtimeȬscaleȱforȱfullȱ
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lake Ontario Fish Communities and Fisheries
    LAKE ONTARIO FISH COMMUNITIES AND FISHERIES: 2013 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LAKE ONTARIO MANAGEMENT UNIT LAKE ONTARIO FISH COMMUNITIES AND FISHERIES: 2013 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LAKE ONTARIO MANAGEMENT UNIT Prepared for the Great Lakes Fishery Commission 2014 Lake Committee Meetings Windsor, ON Canada March 24-28, 2014 © 2014, Queen’s Printer for Ontario Printed in Picton, Ontario, Canada March 2014 Report ISSN 1201-8449 Please cite this report as follows: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 2014. Lake Ontario Fish Communities and Fisheries: 2013 Annual Report of the Lake Ontario Management Unit. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Picton, Ontario, Canada. Report available on the following website: http://www.glfc.org/lakecom/loc/mgmt_unit/index.html TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ............................................................................................................................................. v 1. Status of Fish Communities 1.1 Nearshore Fish Community .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Offshore Pelagic Fish Community ....................................................................................... 1 1.3 Offshore Benthic Fish Community ...................................................................................... 2 2. Index Fishing Projects 2.1 Ganaraska Fishway Rainbow Trout Assessment .................................................................. 3 2.2 Eastern Lake Ontario and Bay of Quinte Fish Community Index Gill Netting
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Analysis of American Eel (Anguilla Rostrata)
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.17.995183; this version posted March 17, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. This article is a US Government work. It is not subject to copyright under 17 USC 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license. 1 2 3 4 Spatial analysis of American Eel (Anguilla rostrata), fish passage and land use in Chesapeake 5 Bay tributaries 6 7 Walker, Nicholas J.1*; Prasad, V.1; de Mutsert, K.1; Dolloff, C.A.2; Aguirre, A.A.1 8 9 1 Department of Environmental Science & Public Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, 10 Virginia, 22030, USA 11 12 2 USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech 13 University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA 14 15 * Corresponding author 16 E-mail: [email protected] 17 18 ¶ These authors contributed equally to this work. 19 20 Abstract 21 Catadromous eels are found in more habitats than any other fish and are capable of inhabiting 22 marine, brackish and freshwater environments. In this study we used the American Eel (Anguilla 23 rostrata) as a bioindicator organism to create a novel method of using spatial analysis to study 24 species conservation over landscape scales. We built a model of the subwatersheds of the 25 Chesapeake Bay using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and overlaid eel density data (> 1 million 26 eels sampled), dam density data and land use in ArcGIS. Dam construction in the study area peaked 27 between 1955 and 1975, possibly as a result of flood control measures.
    [Show full text]
  • American Eel Anguilla Rostrata
    COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the American Eel Anguilla rostrata in Canada SPECIAL CONCERN 2006 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2006. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the American eel Anguilla rostrata in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. x + 71 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge V. Tremblay, D.K. Cairns, F. Caron, J.M. Casselman, and N.E. Mandrak for writing the status report on the American eel Anguilla rostrata in Canada, overseen and edited by Robert Campbell, Co-chair (Freshwater Fishes) COSEWIC Freshwater Fishes Species Specialist Subcommittee. Funding for this report was provided by Environment Canada. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Évaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur l’anguille d'Amérique (Anguilla rostrata) au Canada. Cover illustration: American eel — (Lesueur 1817). From Scott and Crossman (1973) by permission. ©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2004 Catalogue No. CW69-14/458-2006E-PDF ISBN 0-662-43225-8 Recycled paper COSEWIC Assessment Summary Assessment Summary – April 2006 Common name American eel Scientific name Anguilla rostrata Status Special Concern Reason for designation Indicators of the status of the total Canadian component of this species are not available.
    [Show full text]
  • Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan OCTOBER 1, 2019–OCTOBER 1, 2024
    Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan OCTOBER 1, 2019–OCTOBER 1, 2024 Andrew M. Cuomo, Governor | Basil Seggos, Commissioner Acknowledgments This plan was prepared by staff of the Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve, including Betsy Blair, Chris Bowser, Ann-Marie Caprioli, Brian DeGasperis, Sarah Fernald, Heather Gierloff, Emilie Hauser, Dan Miller, and Sarah Mount, with the assistance of Andy Burgher, Cathy Kittle, and Bill Rudge in the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; Ed McGowan of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation; and Nina Garfield and Ann Weaver of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office for Coastal Management. We appreciate input that has informed development of this plan provided by other colleagues, local leaders, county officials, environmental organizations, researchers, educators, and marsh managers. Suggested citation: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). 2019. Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan. Albany, NY. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... iv Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 The Reserve .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Manual for Provision of Upstream Migration Facilities for Eel and Elver
    w w w.environment-agency.gov.uk Manual for provision of upstream migration facilities for Eel and Elver Science Report SC020075/SR2 The Environment Agency is the leading public body protecting and improving the environment in England and Wales. It’s our job to make sure that air, land and water are looked after by everyone in today’s society, so that tomorrow’s generations inherit a cleaner, healthier world. Our work includes tackling flooding and pollution incidents, reducing industry’s impacts on the environment, cleaning up rivers, coastal waters and contaminated land, and improving wildlife habitats. AUTHORS: PUBLISHED BY: David J.Solomon, Michael H.Beach Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, Almondsbury, Bristol, BS32 4UD Dissemination Status: Tel: 01454 624400 Fax: 01454 624409 Internal: Released to Regions External Public Domain ISBN: 1844323498 Statement of Use: © Environment Agency December 2004 This manual sets out design criteria for upstream passage facilities at obstructions for eels and elvers, based upon assessments of the All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior migratory behaviour and ecology of Anguilla spp. It is intended for permission of the Environment Agency. use by fisheries managers with responsibility for or an interest in the management of stocks of eels and elvers. It is largely based upon This report is printed on Cyclus Print, a 100% recycled stock, the R&D Technical Report W2-070/TR1 “Fish pass design for eel which is 100% post consumer waste and is totally chlorine free. and elver (Anguilla anguilla)”. Water used is treated and in most cases returned to source in better condition than removed.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Bear Hydro Partners, LLC Orono Project (FERC No. 2710)
    November 12, 2020 Orono Project (FERC No. 2710) Stillwater Project (FERC No. 2712) Ms. Shannon Ames, Executive Director Low Impact Hydropower Institute 329 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 2 Lexington, MA 02420 Subject: Low Impact Hydropower Institute Application for the Orono Project (FERC No. 2710) and Stillwater Project (FERC No. 2712) Dear Ms. Ames: On behalf of Black Bear Hydro Partners, LLC, Black Bear Development Holdings, LLC, and Black Bear SO, LLC (collectively, “Black Bear”), owners and licensees of the Orono and Stillwater Hydroelectric Projects (“Projects”) (FERC Nos. 2710 and 2712, respectively) and affiliates of Brookfield Renewable, please find attached a revised application for recertification of the Projects, which are located on the Stillwater Branch of the Penobscot River in Maine. Black Bear is requesting recertification of these facilities, which are currently certified through November 30, 2020 per LIHI correspondence dated June 1, 2020. Black Bear submitted an initial certification application to the Low Impact Hydropower Institute (LIHI) on July 6, 2020. LIHI completed the initial Intake Review on August 5, 2020. The current application includes the following required submittals as revised in response to the LIHI Intake Review: • Introduction • Project Description and LIHI Table B-1 • Zones of Effect descriptions and overview maps and images • Matrix of Alternative Standards for each Zone of Effect identified evaluating the LIHI certification standards for each requisite criterion, including water quality, fish passage and recreation • Sworn Statement and Waiver Form • Facility Contacts Form including pertinent NGOs, as appropriate. • List of hyperlinks and supplemental documentation for pertinent FERC and regulatory documents for the Projects Please call me at (207) 755-5606 or email me at [email protected] if you have any questions or need additional information regarding this submittal.
    [Show full text]
  • Compiled Eel Abstracts: American Fisheries Society 2014 Annual Meeting August 18-21, 2014 Quebec City, Quebec, Canada [Compiled/Organized by R
    Compiled Eel Abstracts: American Fisheries Society 2014 Annual Meeting August 18-21, 2014 Quebec City, Quebec, Canada [Compiled/organized by R. Wilson Laney, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh, NC, USA] International Eel Symposium 2014: Are Eels Climbing Back up the Slippery Slope? Monday, August 18, 2014: 1:30 PM 206B (Centre des congrès de Québec // Québec City Convention Centre) Martin Castonguay, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Pêches et Océans Canada, Mont-Joli, QC, Canada David Cairns, Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Charlottetown, PE, Canada Guy Verreault, Ministere du Développement durable, de l'Environnement, de la Faune et des Parcs, Riviere-du-Loup, QC, Canada John Casselman, Dept. of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada This talk will introduce the symposium. The first part will outline how the Symposium is structured, where to see Symposium posters, the panel, publication plans, etc. This would be followed by a brief outline of eel science and conservation issues, and how the Symposium will address these. I will then present with some level of detail the themes that the symposium will cover. The Introduction would also state the question that will be addressed by the panel discussion, and ask participants to keep this question in mind as they listen to the various talks. In closing, the introductory talk will outline the purpose of the Canada/USA Eel governance session that will be held at the very end of the meeting, after the Symposium panel. Publishing in the eel symposium proceedings - An orientation from the Editor-in- Chief of the ICES Journal of Marine Science Monday, August 18, 2014: 5:00 PM 206B (Centre des congrès de Québec // Québec City Convention Centre) Howard Browman, Marine Ecosystem Acoustics, Institute of Marine Research, Storebø, Norway I will provide symposium participants with a status report on the ICES Journal of Marine science.
    [Show full text]
  • Wright Pierce
    SUBMISSION 05-03-16 CONFIDENTIAL KENNEBUNK LIGHT AND POWER DISTRICT HYDROPOWER FACILITY ALTERNATIVES ASSESSMENT STUDY MA9 2016 SUBMISSION 05-03-16 KENNEBUNK LIGHT AND POWER DISTRICT HYDROPOWER FACILITY ALTERNATIVES ASSESSMENT STUDY KENNEBUNK, MAINE TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION DESCRIPTION PAGE 1 SUMMARY OF ALTERNATIVES 1.1 Prequel ..................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Summary of Alternatives .......................................................... 1-3 1.3 Alternative #1 – Seek New License to Continue Operations ................................................................. 1-3 1.4 Alternative #2 – Seek License Exemption to Continue Operation ................................................................... 1-4 1.5 Alternative #3 – Seek FERC Non-jurisdiction Only for the Kesslen Site ................................................................... 1-5 1.6 Alternative #4 – Cease Operation and Surrender the FERC License for All Three Sites ............................................ 1-5 2 ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE #1 2.1 Alternative Description ............................................................ 2-1 2.2 Environmental Implications of this Alternative ....................... 2-2 2.3 Secondary Economic Implications of this Alternative ............ 2-7 2.4 Benefits of the Alternative ....................................................... 2-8 2.5 Impacts and Challenges of the Alternative .............................. 2-9 2.6 Cost Assessment of the Alternative .........................................
    [Show full text]
  • American Eel Biological Species Report
    AMERICAN EEL BIOLOGICAL SPECIES REPORT Supplement to: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 12-Month Petition Finding for the American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) Docket Number FWS-HQ-ES-2015-0143 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 5 June 2015 This page blank for two-sided printing ii U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region AMERICAN EEL BIOLOGICAL SPECIES REPORT Steven L. Shepard U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Maine Field Office 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 2 Orono, Maine 04473-3702 [email protected] For copies of this report, contact: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Hadley, MA 01035 http://www.fws.gov/northeast/newsroom/eels.html http://www.regulations.gov This American Eel Biological Species Report has been prepared by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) in support of a Status Review pursuant to the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1531, et seq. This report reviews the best available information, including published literature, reports, unpublished data, and expert opinions. The report addresses current American eel issues in contemporary time frames. The report is not intended to provide definitive statements on the subjects addressed, but rather as a review of the best available information and ongoing investigations. The report includes updates to, and relevant material from, the Service’s 2007 American Eel Status Review. The report was published in January 2015 following peer review. The report was revised to correct typographical and minor factual errors and reissued in June 2015. With thanks to Krishna Gifford, Martin Miller, James McCleave, Alex Haro, Tom Kwak, David Richardson, Andy Dolloff, Kate Taylor, Wilson Laney, Sheila Eyler, Mark Cantrell, Rosemarie Gnam, Caitlin Snyder, AJ Vale, Steve Minkkinen, Matt Schwarz, Sarah LaPorte, Angela Erves, Heather Bell, the ASMFC American Eel Technical Committee, and the USFWS American Eel Working Group.
    [Show full text]
  • American Eel: Collection and Relocation Conowingo Dam, Susquehanna River, Maryland 2016
    American Eel: Collection and Relocation Conowingo Dam, Susquehanna River, Maryland 2016 Chris Reily, Biological Science Technician, MD Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, USFWS Steve Minkkinen, Project Leader, MD Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, USFWS 1 BACKGROUND The American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) is the only species of freshwater eel in North America and originates from the Sargasso Sea in the North Atlantic Ocean (USFWS 2011). The eels are catadromous, hatching in saltwater and maturing in freshwater before returning to their natal waters to spawn. Larval eels (referred to as leptocephalus larvae) are transported throughout the eastern seaboard via ocean currents where their range extends from Brazil to Greenland. By the time the year-long journey to the coast is over, they have matured into the “glass eel” phase and have developed fins and taken on the overall shape of the adults (Hedgepath 1983). After swimming upstream into continental waters, the 5-8 cm glass eels mature into “elvers” at which time they take on a green-brown to gray pigmentation and grow beyond 10 cm in length (Haro and Krueger 1988). Elvers migrate upstream into estuarine and riverine environments where they will remain as they change into sexually immature “yellow eels”. Yellow eels have a yellow-green to olive coloration and will typically remain in this stage for three to 20 years before reaching the final stage of maturity. The eels may begin reaching sexual maturity when they reach at least 25 cm in length and are called “silver eels”. Silver eels become darker on the dorsal side and silvery or white on the ventral side and continue to grow as they complete their sexual maturation.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Things Matter Annual Report 2014/2015 Landscape Is the Texture of Intricacy
    Small Things Matter Annual Report 2014/2015 Landscape is the texture of intricacy. ...A bird’s feather is an intricacy; the bird is a form; the bird in space in relation to air, forest, continent, and so on, is a thread in a texture. — Annie Dillard Environmental Commissaire à Commissioner l’environnement of Ontario de l’Ontario November 2015 The Honourable Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario Room 180, Legislative Building Legislative Assembly Province of Ontario Queen’s Park Dear Speaker: In accordance with Section 58 of the Environmental Bill of Rights, 1993, I am pleased to present the 2014/2015 Annual Report of the Environmental Commissioner of Ontario for your submission to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Sincerely, Ellen Schwartzel Environmental Commissioner of Ontario 1075 Bay Street, Suite 605 1075, rue Bay, bureau 605 Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2B1 Toronto (Ontario) M5S 2B1 Tel: (416) 325-3377 Tél: (416) 325-3377 Fax: (416) 325-3370 Téléc. (416) 325-3370 1-800-701-6454 1-800-701-6454 Contents Commissioner's Message: Small Things Matter 4 Part 1 The Environmental Bill of Rights 6 1.1 The Toolkit of the EBR 8 1.1.1 Understanding the ECO’s Jurisdiction 10 1.2 Use of the Environmental Registry 11 1.2.1 The Environmental Registry: Ripe for an Overhaul 17 1.2.2 Outdated Proposals 19 1.3 Ministry Co-operation 21 1.4 Ministries' Handling of Applications for Review and Investigation 22 1.5 Keeping the EBR in Sync with Government Changes and New Laws 24 1.6 Statements of Environmental Values 27 1.7 Appeals of Prescribed Instruments
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Eel Stock and Fishery in Norway 2008
    EIFAC/ICES WGEEL Report 2008 281 Report on the eel stock and fishery in Norway 2008 NO.A Authors Jan Atle Knutsen, Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen 4817 His, Norway Tel: +47 37 05 90 18. FAX: +47 37 05 90 01 [email protected] Caroline Durif, Institute of Marine Research, 5392 Storebø, Norway Tel: +47 56 18 22 50. FAX: +47 56 18 22 22 [email protected] Reporting Period: This report was completed in August 2008, and contains data up to 2007. Contributors to the report: L. A. Vøllestad, University of Oslo J. Gjøsæter, Institute of Marine Research‐Flødevigen NO.B Introduction Eel fishing is performed with fykenets from May–November in coastal areas of the sea. Eel fishing takes place in estuarine, brackish as well as saltwater areas. The data reported here consists of the only known eel dataset from brackish or salt water. The European eel has been added to the Norwegian Red List of Species since May 2006. NO.C Fishing capacity Fishing for glasseel is prohibited in Norway. There is a minimum legal size of between 37 (silver eels)–40 cm (yellow eels). The official catch data consists of annual totals by district. The eel fisheries are located mainly along the south coast of Norway. No distinction is made between yellow and silver eels and they are both caught with eel pots. Fishermen operate in the estuarine area around coastal islands. Fykenets are set on soft and muddy bottom, with preference of areas with seagrass beds (eelgrass Zostera marina). Like sea‐ grasses throughout the world the eelgrass in Nordic waters are under great pressure (Ba‐ den, 2003), and human‐induced disturbances are among the main factors threatening these habitats.
    [Show full text]