Nomenclature of the Blue Chub and the Tui Chub, Cyprinid Fishes from Western United States Author(S): Reeve M

Nomenclature of the Blue Chub and the Tui Chub, Cyprinid Fishes from Western United States Author(s): Reeve M. Bailey and Teruya Uyeno Source: Copeia, Vol. 1964, No. 1 (Mar. 26, 1964), pp. 238-239 Published by: American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1440876 . Accessed: 29/01/2015 11:50

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This content downloaded from 164.159.62.2 on Thu, 29 Jan 2015 11:50:37 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 238 COPEIA, 1964, NO. 1

NOMENCLATURE OF THE BLUE thors to treat Tigoma bicolor and Cheonda CHUB AND THE TUI CHUB, CYPRINID coerulea as conspecific. They qualify as FISHES FROM WESTERN UNITED first revisers and employed the name Leucis- STATES.-In what must rank as the great- cus bicolor (Girard). est single effusion of new names for North The second species, the tui chub, also American freshwater fishes, Girard (1856, occurs in the Klamath River system, but it Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 8:165-213) pro- is more widely distributed, ranging also into posed 23 new genera and 133 new species of the Sacramento-San Joaquin system in Cali- cyprinoid fishes, largely but not exclusively fornia, inland basins in Oregon and Nevada, from western United States. Four or five of and (by introduction?) the Columbia River the genera and some 32 species are accepted drainage of Washington and Idaho. The by current workers, and a few additional dental formula is 5-5, 5-4, or 4-4. Girard names are employed as subgenera or for (1856, op. cit.:183) described the tui chub subspecies. Girard's paper has resulted in three times: Algansea bicolor, from Klam- certain nomenclatural difficulties. Many ath Lake; Algansea obesa, from Humboldt types have been lost; those extant are char- River; and Algansea formosa, from Mercede acteristically poorly preserved, are commonly (now Merced) and Mohave rivers. Snyder divided among several institutions, consist (1918, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. 35:60-67) of syntypes that in many cases include two treated the geographically separated popula- or more species, and often bear negligible tions of the tui chub as five distinct species or erroneous data. Girard's frequent reuse of the genus Siphateles, and described still of a specific name in related genera inev- another form as a distinct, monotypic genus itably resulted in some homonyms, and re- Leucidius pectinifer. Schultz (1936, Univ. descriptions of species under different names Wash. Publ. Biol. 2(4):146-147) listed five created synonyms of identical date with at- subspecies of Siphateles bicolor, including tendant problems of reviser's choice. In this the three named by Girard. Schultz (op. note we attempt to resolve the nomencla- cit.) qualifies as first reviser since he was tural tangle involving two species referable apparently the first author to associate these to the cyprinid genus Gila Baird and Girard three nominal forms as a single species; he (1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 6:368), unequivocally selected bicolor as the spe- type species by monotypy, Gila robusta Baird cific name. and Girard (op. cit.:368). Recent authors The conviction developed by one of us have termed these cyprinids the blue chub, (Uyeno) in studies on the osteology and Gila bicolor (Girard), and the tui chub, phylogeny of Gila and allied genera, that Siphateles bicolor (Girard). In addition, Gila and Siphateles should be merged in a we select between homonymous names in single genus Gila, has been given advance order to assure continuity of present nomen- notice by Miller (1961, Pap. Mich. Acad. clature for a subspecies of the tui chub. Sci. 46:384). The nominal genus Siphateles The blue chub, called Klamath chub by Cope has been separated from related west- some, is confined to the Klamath River sys- ern cyprinids chiefly because of the single tem of California and Oregon. As noted by row of pharyngeal teeth. This is a minor Miller (1945, Copeia 2:105-106), who erected character, as is emphasized by repeated ex- the subgenus Klamathella for it, the usual amples of variation in the number of rows dental formula is 2,5-5,2. Girard (1856, op. of teeth among species within genera (e.g., cit.) named the blue chub twice, as Tigoma Notropis, Hybopsis, Chrosomus), and even bicolor from Klamath Lake (p. 206) and as within species (e.g., Notropis lutrensis, Chro- Cheonda coerulea from Lost River, Oregon somus erythrogaster). Other natural phy- (p. 207), also in the Klamath basin. Gi- letic assemblages have also been partitioned rard's original spelling coerulea was repeated chiefly on this feature, which is interpreted later (Girard 1858, U. S. Pacific R. R. Sur- as a trophic modification that has evolved vey 10(4):295-296), although it was written repeatedly in the Cyprinidae. Despite past caerulea in an intervening report (Girard custom to the contrary, we do not believe 1857, U. S. Pacific R. R. Survey 6(4):30), that generic separation should be accorded perhaps through a printer's change. Appar- groups of cyprinids for which the primary ently Jordan and Evermann (1896, Bull. distinction is the presence of one versus two U. S. Natl. Mus. 47:232) were the first au- rows of teeth. Except for the difference in

This content downloaded from 164.159.62.2 on Thu, 29 Jan 2015 11:50:37 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions ICHTHYOLOGICAL NOTES 239 pharyngeal dentition, recent morphological ria nor with other species known from Salt comparisons fail to reveal significant charac- Lake Valley. We have not reexamined the ters to distinguish Siphateles from Gila. It "type." If Tigoma obesa Girard is assign- is suggested, therefore, that Siphateles be able to Gila, as seems probable, it and Al- reduced to subgeneric rank in Gila. gansea obesa Girard become homonyms of Merger of Siphateles with Gila brings two identical date in Gila. In order to preserve species with the name bicolor into the ge- current nomenclature for subspecies of the nus. Gunther (1868, Cat. Fishes Brit. Mus. tui chub we therefore, as first revisers, select 7:211, 245) is the only prior author whom Algansea obesa Girard as the name to retain we know to have placed these species in the in Gila, and regard Tigoma obesa Girard as same genus (Leuciscus). He listed Tigoma the homonym to be replaced if it is shown bicolor (p. 211) without comment as a spe- to belong to Gila and to be a valid form. cies of questionable status, and did not sug- The subspecies of tui chub from the Hum- gest a replacement name for either species. boldt River, Lahontan basin, may stand as Both species called bicolor are of identical Gila bicolor obesa (Girard). date, so it is not possible to apply the prin- This paper has been supported in part by ciple of priority in determination of which the National Science Foundation (GB 735). name to save and which to replace. Under --REEVE M. BAILEY AND TERUYA UYENO, Article 24 (a) of the International Code of Museum of Zoology, The University of Zoological Nomenclature, this situation is to Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. be decided by choice of the first reviser. We therefore select Algansea bicolor Girard as the name to retain in Gila. Tigoma bicolor EXTENSION OF THE KNOWN Girard becomes a secondary homonym and RANGE OF THE ATHERINID FISH, we employ Gila coerulea (Girard) as the ATHERINOPS AFFINIS.-A specimen of oldest available name for the blue chub. Atherinops affinis (Ayres) 1860, 68.5 mm Thus, the scientific name of the blue in standard length, was collected by beach chub of the Klamath River system is Gila seine in the Straits of Juan de Fuca, 4 mi. (Gila) coerulea (Girard), a species with the west of the entrance of Sooke Harbour, usual dental count 2,5-5,2; that of the tui Vancouver Island, British Columbia, on 23 chub, a species of the Columbia, Klamath, January 1962. The counts and measure- and Sacramento river systems and a number ments are (all measurements expressed as of interior basins in California, Oregon, and percentage of standard length): dorsal, V- Nevada, is Gila (Siphateles) bicolor (Girard), I, 11; anal, I, 24; pectoral, 13; transverse a polytypic species with a single row of 4 or scale rows, 65; head length, 20.2; depth, 5 pharyngeal teeth. 15.3; caudal peduncle depth, 7.2; snout Algansea obesa Girard (1856, op. cit.:183), length, 6.5; eye diameter, 6.5; interorbital, from Humboldt River, Nevada, is a specific 7.2; snout to first dorsal, 57.7; snout to pel- synonym of Gila bicolor, but is available as vic base, 43.6; caudal base to anus, 42.8; a subspecific name and recent authors have first dorsal height, 4.3; distance between regarded the fluvial Lahontan stock of the dorsals, 13.4; second dorsal height, 8.0; sec- tui chub as a valid subspecies, which may ond dorsal length, 10.6; anal length, 21.8; be called Gila bicolor obesa (Girard). Ti- pectoral length, 17.3; pelvic length, 9.1. goma obesa Girard (1856, op. cit.:206) was Hubbs (1918, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. said to have been collected in Salt Lake 38(15):420-431) divided A. affinis into several of which A. a. has Valley, of the Bonneville basin. Jordan and subspecies, affinis been found as far north as Coos Ore- Evermann (1896, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. 47: Bay, it as with gon. Although it seems most likely that our 232-233) regarded conspecific to this atraria Girard specimen belongs subspecies, it dif- Tigoma (1856, op. cit.:208) fers from the of Hubbs under the name Leuciscus lineatus Girard description (op. in the and caudal a of unknown cit.) having body pedun- (1856, op. cit.:206), species cle depth more slender, the dorsal fins and Bull. U. S. Bur. provenance. Snyder (1918, pectoral fin shorter, and the snout longer. Fish. with this and 35:60) disagreed opinion, However, the specimen is emaciated and after examination of the "type" of Tigoma this may have caused distortion of the body obesa (USNM No. 215) concluded that it proportions. was synonymous neither with Tigoma atra- The only other record of an atherinid

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