The First International Medical Sciences Conference 28-30 June, 2020

Conference President: Assist. Prof. Dr. Hassan Shakir Majdi

Hosting Organization: Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon/Opposite of University of Babylon-Hilla, Najaf Road, Hilla, IRAQ

1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 08-10 March 2020

Committee Members for Conference Supervising Committee Assist. Prof. Dr. Hasan Shakir Majdi Chairman Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Member Assist . Prof. Dr. Munther Fadhil Hassan Member Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Member

International Organizing Committee Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein, Iraq Dr. Laima Warnecke, USA Prof. Dr. Rabah Boukherroub, France Dr. Apostolos Zarros, U.K. Prof. Dr. Helen P. Kavitha, India Dr. Suvardhan Kanchi, South Africa Prof. Dr. Najim Al-Masoudi, Germany Dr. Himanshu Agarwal, India Assist. Prof. Sinem Yaprak Karavana, Turkey Dr. Mustafa Bassim Al-Tameemi, Iraq Assist. Prof. Dr. Hussam Al-Humadi, Iraq Mrs. Anjul Agrawal, India Assist. Prof. Joseph Meletiadis, USA Mrs. Sevgi Nalbat Al-Tameemi, Iraq Assist. Prof. Dr. Majid Hayati, Iran

National Organizing Committee Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Chairman Members Dr. Fuad Ghazi Hassan Dr. Asmaa Hasan Muhammed Assist. Prof. Dr. Furat Hamza Mr. Ashraf Essa Mahmmood Dr. Imad Khudier Abbas Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan Dr. Zahraa Haleem Al-Qaim Miss Zahraa Ali Hammood Dr. Sabreen Farhan Jawad Secretary Miss Duhaq Abdul Abbas Naser Mrs. Riyam Ali Al-Dalawi Mr. Mohammed Abbas Hussein Mrs. Ghasaq Muayad Naji Miss. Salar Essa Hasan

Scientific Committee Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein . Chairman Members Prof. Dr. Sabah Nemaa Al-Thamer. Prof. Dr. Athraa Y. Mohammed Prof. Dr. Hamed Ibraheem Abbas. Prof. Dr. Asaad A. Al-Janabi Prof. Dr. Ali Shaalan Al-Aaraji. Assist. Prof. Ali K. Shaaeli Prof. Dr. Fadhil Farhood. Assist. Prof. Dr. Hussam Al-Humadi

Subsidizing Committee Assist. Prof. Dr. Munther Fadel Hassan Chairman Members Mr. Wameed Deyah Shamsi Mrs. Tabarak Ameer Ali Mr. Hasan Ali Abu Dihin Mr. Hashim Ihsan Sadek

1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 08-10 March 2020

Committee Members for Virtual Conference Supervising Committee Assist. Prof. Dr. Hasan Shakir Majdi Chairman Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Member Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Member

Organizing Committee

Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Chairman Members Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan Prof. Dr. Jabbar Faraj Al Wakeel Miss Zahraa Ali Hammood Prof. Dr. Athraa Y. Mohammed Mr. Mohammed Abbas Hussein Prof. Dr. Habeeb Sahib Naher Mrs. Riyam Ali Al-Dalawi Assist. Prof. Fatima Adnan Ali Mrs. Ghasaq Muayad Naji Dr. Imad Khudier Abbas Mr. Haider Jawad Kadhim Dr. Zahraa Haleem Al-Qaim Mr. Hasan Ali Abu Dihin Dr. Shaimaa Munther Mohammad Mr. Ali Ihsan Kadom Dr. Ahmed Khalid Fleah Mr. Mukhaled Louay Al. Falluji Dr. Ashraf Issa Mahmoud AlNattah Mr. Ammar Hadi Shaalan Dr. Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar Mrs. Dhuha Malek Hasan Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid Mr. Mohammed Faris Dr. Heba saleh Shaheed Mrs. Sarah Abd Ul_Rizah Abd Dr. Lateef N. Assi Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan

International Organizing Committee

Mrs. Anjul Agarwal (India) Member

The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate

Excellences, Dear colleagues, Distinguished Guests,

It is my pleasure to welcome you to this prestigious event, which held in a critical time that we are all facing challenging times to fight against COVID-19. First of all, let me thank our distinguishable guests from the United States of America, France, Germany, South Africa, Australia, Turkey, The Islamic Republic of Iran, Italy, India and United Kingdom.

The primary goal of the First International Medical Sciences Conference is to promote research and progressive activities in Medical and Health Sciences. The overall goal is to promote scientific information interchange between Students, Researchers, and Academics working in our university college, in Iraq, and in all-around World.

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq, brings in a new spin on conferences by presenting the latest scientific improvements in your field. Listen to motivating keynotes from thought leaders, or rub elbows with pioneers across the globe. Iraq is all set for a fantastic event as we proudly present the "1st International Conference on Medical Sciences (Our Health Our Future).

More than 100 scientific studies in medical sciences will be discussed in this great event, and because of the shortage of time, a poster session will be presented during the conference.

Recognizing the urgent need for collaboration, cooperation, and coordination to ensure that COVID-19 could be defeated, the Organizing Committee of The First

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

International Medical Sciences Conference is arranging a roundtable virtual meeting of countries (Australia, Germany, India, Iran, Iraq, Turkey,

United Kingdom and United States of America) entitled: COVID-19: Infection Prevention and Treatment Protocols on Sunday, 28th June, 2020 at 9:00pm local time.

A workshop about Bioinformatics Training will also be presented for two days. In order to help our researchers for publishing their scientific articles, another workshop entitled (How to qualify your publication in a scientific journal? and Role of academic staff and researchers to enhance the scientific ranking of University and country (in scientific journal indexing) will be conducted.

Another important event also will be run at this international conference, which is the graduation of HSP2019 Fellows. Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP) from Washington, DC, will announce their graduation.

The conference is going to be an event to look forward to for its enlightening symposiums and workshops from established experts of the field, exceptional keynote sessions directed by the elite in the academic field. It will also prove to be a brilliant open door for the representatives from Universities and Institutes to cooperate with the world-class researchers and an outstanding opportunity for businesses, keen at expanding their global market reach.

Finally, I would like to express my great appreciation for you all for joining our International Conference and also my warmest thanks to the Organizing Committee for their hard work to prepare for this great event.

Sincerely Yours The Conference Chairman Assist .Prof. Dr. Hasan Shakir Majdi The Dean of Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Day One (Sunday 28th June 2020):

Time Event

SESSION ONE (Opening) 10:00 – 10:10 Opening of the Conference with the Holy Quran and the National Anthem

Opening Remarks and Welcome 10:10 – 10:20 His Excellency Dr. Nabil Kazem Abdel-Sahib, Minister, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MOHESR)

Opening Remarks and Welcome 10:20 – 10:30 Dr. Hassan Shaker Magdy, President of the Conference

Speakers : Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP) 10:30 – 10:40 Graduation Message to HSP Fellows upon the completion of the Health Security Stewards Fellowship 2019

SESSION TWO

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Falah H. Hussein

Co-Chairman: Dr. Imad Khudier Abbas

Technical Advisor: Dr. Lateef N. Assi

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Rabah Boukherrob, University of Lille, France 10:40 – 11:00 Transdermal Drug Delivery: Beyond the State of the Art

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Zahra Emam-Djomeh, University of Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran. 11:00 – 11:20 Nanomedicine implementations in targeted cancer treatment: nano-encapsulated curcumin

11:20 – 11:40 Tea break

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Time Event SESSION THREE SESSION FOUR SESSION FIVE Medical Dental Biomedicine Chairman: Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid Chairman: Dr. Ameer Hamdi Al-Ameedee Chairman: Dr. Jawad Janabi Co-Chairman: Dr. Heba saleh Shaheed Co-Chairman: Mr. Mukhaled Louay Co-Chairman:Dr. Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar Technical Advisor: Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan Technical Advisor: Mrs. Sarah Abd Ul_Rizah Technical Advisor: Miss Zahraa Ali Alcoholic addicted and its related Roles of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic The Effects of Smoking on Packed with Some immunological (BDNF) In Developing Jaw Cell‏ Volume Among Smoker Males 11:40-11:50 parameters ‏Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi In Al-Hilla City Frial Abd Rawaa M Mohammed Histological Appreciation of Treating of Aphthus Ulcer for Prevalence of Chickenpox under Ten Biomaterials Scaffold Implantation Medically Compromised Patients by Years during the Last Five Years in 11:50 - 12:00 for Bone Fractures Therapy Using Prednisolone Mixed with Hilla City Marwa Abdul Muhsien Glycerin as Topical Application ‏Rasha Fadhel Obaid Ali Hassan The change in some immunity Detection of Extended-Spectrum β- parameter as a result of gingivitis lactamases-producing Escherichia 12:00 – 12:10 infection in smoking patients coli in urinary tract infection Sura Ihsan Ali Bustan

The relationship between vitamin D ‏ Risk Mitigation Controls in deficiency and vitamin D FokI Laboratory Settings 12:10 – 12:20 receptor gene polymorphism of Wafaa Al-Hussainni anemic patients in Babylon-Province ‏Asma'a Hassan Leishmaniasis and ecological risk Some Risk Factors Affect Herpes 12:20 – 12:30 factors in marshland of Iraq Zoster Infection in Babylon Province Hind Mahdi Jarallah Habeeb Nahar Capture and recapture method in Relationship between placentitis in measuring the incidence of Diabetes aborted women infected with 12:30 – 12:40 Mellitus in Al-Najaf City B.abortus and B.melitensis and Riyadh Alshebli steroid hormones level Ali Njum Antibiofilm activities of Nanoparticle Antifungal activity of combination of Nawfal Aldujaili medicinal plant extracts with 12:40 – 12:50 Terbinafine through regulating Subtilisin virulence genes Maryam Q. H. Khazi Prevalence of HCV Infection in Effects of the Artemisinin on L. Thi_Qar Province Southern Iraq donovani promastigotes 12:50 – 13:00 During Period From 2005 – 2017 Ghuffran Hassan Awatif Issa Analysis of Women With Frequency of Microbial infections Endometrial Hyperplasia Measured among Oncology patients; Microbial by U/S in the context of Socio etiology, Immunological assessment 13:00 – 13:10 Demographic and Other risk factors and drug-resistance spectrum profile Ban Ameer of bloodstream infections in patients with cancer Ali Al-Marzoqi

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Posters Session

Time Event

SESSION SIX

Chairman: Dr. Jabbar Faraj Al Wakeel

Co-Chairman: Mrs. Dhuha Malek Hasan

Technical Advisor: Mrs. Sarah Abd Ul_Rizah

Dr. Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi 16:00 – 16:10 Pulp Response Capped by Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

Dr. Mustafa Jawad 16:10 – 16:20 Detection of vitamin D serum level in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis from Al Hilla city, Iraq

Dr. Samah A. Al-Jebory 16:20 – 16:30 Lapin Compression Study of Mucosal Versus Systemic Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses with LPS and H Antigen Extracted from Burkholderia cepacia

Dr. Asim A. Balakit 16:30 – 16:40 Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Combretastatin A-4 Analogues

Dr. Amal Talib Al Sa'ady 16:40 – 16:50 Antibacterial Activities of Chlorine Gas and Chlorine Dio xide Gas Against some Pathogenic Bacteria

Dr. Wafaa H. Ajam 16:50 – 17:00 A study of Some Biochemical Parameters in Chronic Renal Failure Pre and Post Dialysis

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Time Event

SESSION SEVEN

Chairman: Dr. Hussam Al-humadi, Iraq Co-Chairman: Dr. Prasad Kuduvalli, USA Technical Advisor: Dr. Lateef N. Assi, Iraq

"COVID-19 Protection and Treatment Protocols"

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Med.Abdul Majeed Al-Samir, Specialist in surgery and urology at the University of Hamburg, Germany.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Shivanshu Raj Goyal, MBBS, MD-Pulmonary Medicine, India.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ali Safaa, Genesiscare Cardiology, Interventional and General Cardiologist, The Mulgrave Private Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Haleh Mikaeili, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, The Islamic 21:00 – 22:30 Republic of Iran.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ali Ismail Aziz, Consultant anaesthetist & Intensivist Newham Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Önder Ergönül, MD, MPH, Koç University, School of Medicine, and Head of Infectious Diseases Department, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. J.P. Agarwal, Agarwal Medi Care Centre, Rly Rd, Bazaria, Ghaziabad, India

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ali Baay, Consultant pulmonologist.. Head of department of internal medicine, Hammurabi medical college, university of Babylon. Iraq

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Day two (Monday 29th June 2020):

Time Event

SESSION EIGHT

Chairman: Dr. Prof. Dr. Falah H. Hussein

Co-Chairman: Dr. Zahraa Haleem Alqaim

Technical Advisor: Dr. Lateef N. Assi

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP) 9:00 – 9:20 The Need for International Collaboration and Science Diplomacy to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Suvardhan Kanchi, Durban University of Technology, South Africa 9:20 – 9:40 Biosensors in Health Applications

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Baharak Divband, Tabriz university of medical sciences, The Islamic 9:40 – 10:00 Republic of Iran Biomedical applications of nanomaterials

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Majid Hayati, University of Kashan, The Islamic Republic of Iran 10:00 – 10:20 A study for Malondialdehyde and lipid profile levels in ischemic stroke patients with and without diabetes mellitus

10:20 – 10:40 Tea break

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Time Event SESSION NINE SESSION TEN SESSION ELEVEN Medical Pharmacy Biomedicine Chairman: Dr. Habeeb Sahib Naher Chairman: Dr. Jabbar Faraj Al Wakeel Chairman: Dr. Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar Co-Chairman: Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid Co-Chairman: Dr. Ahmed Khalid Fleah Co-Chairman: Dr. Heba saleh Shaheed Technical Advisor: Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan Technical Advisor: Mrs. Riyam Ali Hadi Technical Advisor: Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan Study the influence of vitamins D3 Preparation and In Vitro and In Vivo Evolution of immunoglobulin IgE levels among psoriasis Studies of Vitamin B12 Loaded for asthma patients according to the 10:40-10:50 Eman Kadhim Implants gender, Babylon province, Iraq Shaimaa Munther Ola Abbas Emerging inf ectious dlseases and Effectiveness of a single injection of ABO Blood Group as a Risk Factor Aioterrortsm Pr- IONPS in treatment of iron Affect Herpes Zoster Incidence in 10:50 - 11:00 Ayad Almamoori deficiency anemia Babylon Province Majida A.J. Al-Qayim Habeeb Naher Epidemiological and Determination of PAHs Concentration Study Endothelin-1 ,Troponin levels Histopathological study of in Some Types of Phoenix Dactylifera and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) Appendicitis in Karbala province L. Samples from Al-Diwaniyah gene polymorphism with ACS patients 11:00 – 11:10 Khetam Hussien Markets by Using Soxhlet and Gas in Babylon Province Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy Zahraa Haleem Al-qaim Technique Hazim Abed Walli Antibody to Aquaporin 4 in the X-Ray Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes Comparison of adhesin genes expression Diagnosis of Iraqi Patients With for the Appropriate Medical among Klebsiella Neuromyelitis Optica. Applications oxytoca ESBL-non-producers in 11:10 – 11:20 Eman Sh. Alobeidy Firas Abdulrazzak planktonic and biofilm mode of growth, and imipenem sublethal exposure suhad mahmood The Effect of Smoking on the high- In vitro Quality Evaluation and Antagonistic activity of Arkobiotics (a density Lipoprotein HDL, low density Antibacterial Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin commercial brand of probiotic) against 11:20 – 11:30 Lipoprotein LDL, and Triacylclecrol Tablets Obtained from Different Staphylococcus epidermidis TG Companies in Community pharmacies Wala’a Ali Zaenab Mohsen Rafal Al-Saigh Determination of Breast Cancer in Estimation of the healing activity of l- Serodiagnosis of aborted and normal Iraqi Women by High Molecular and d-isophorms of ascorbic acid and Women afflicted with (torch) infection 11:30 – 11:40 Weight Cytokeratins by their salt with chitosan on a model of in duhok city/iraq Immuohistochemical Technique burning wounds in rats Souzan Eassa Haidar Muhammed Adawia Fadhel Alzubaidi Role of tissue Doppler and speckle Antidiabetic Activity of Zinc Oxide Comparison between Polymerase Chain tracking in early detection of left Nanoparticles and its effect on Reaction and blood culture for ventricular dysfunction in B Alloxan-induced diabetic rats diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. 11:40 – 11:50 thalassemic patients of pediatric age Elaf Abed AL-Ameer Mohammed Haider group Zainab F. Hassan Cell phones contamination by Bacterial Synthesis and Characterizations of Major Histocompatibility Complex gene infection among medical students at Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded polymorphism in systemic lupus 12:50 – 13:00 AL- Mustaqbal University College, Chloramphenicol for Antibacterial erythematosus patients Babylon, Iraq Applications Mona N. Al-Terehi Afrah AL-Zwaid Esaim Fadhel-Khalfa

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Workshops Sessions

Time Event

SESSION TWELVE

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Cochairman : Dr. Zahraa Haleem Alqaim Technical Advisor: Miss Zahraa Ali

Dr. Fouad Fadhil Al-Qaim, Diractor of Scientific affairs department, Babylon University, College 15:00 – 16:30 Of science women How to qualify your publication in a scientific journal?

Dr. Hussein O.M. Al-Dahmoshi, Babylon University, College Of science 20:30 – 22:00 Bioinformatics Training (Part 1)

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Day Three (Tuesday 30th June 2020):

Time Event

SESSION THIRTEEN

Chairman: Dr. Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi

Co-Chairman: Mr. Ammar Hadi Shaalan

Technical Advisor: Dr. Lateef N. Assi

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Stefano Giovagnoli PhD, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9:00 – 9:20 University of Perugia, via del Liceo, Italy.

Postbiotic-Enabled Targeting of the Host-Microbiota-Pathogen Interface: a new frontier in the fight against infectious diseases

Keynote Speaker: Sinem Yaprak Karavana, Ege University, Turkey 9:20 – 9:40 Buccal Delivery, Status, Trends and Future

Keynote Speaker :Dr. Hussam Al-humadi 9:40 – 10:00 Choline deficient diet: a new challenge

Keynote Speaker :Dr. Jabar Faraj 10:00 – 10:20 Development of an Extended-Release Eventide Once a Week Depot Formulation

10:20 – 10:40 Tea break

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The First International Medical Sciences Conference “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Time Event

SESSION FOURTEEN SESSION FIFTEEN SESSION SIXTEEN Medical Pharmacy Biomedicine Chairman: Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Chairman: Dr.Fatima Adnan Ali Chairman: Dr. Habeeb Sahib Naher Co-Chairman: Dr. Heba saleh Shaheed Co-Chairman: Dr. Ashraf Issa Mahmoud Co-Chairman: Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid Technical Advisor: Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan Technical Advisor: Mr. Haider Jawad Technical Advisor: Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan solation and Identification of Evolution and effectiveness of Association Among Immunological, Dermatophytes causing g9|Tllgg[P: colormetric approach for Biochemical and Homological l1r Hilla city-traq investigation of ceftriaxone medicine Parameter with Diabetic Foot Infection 10:40-10:50 Abid-Ali A. Abiess as a pure form and in formulation Laith Umran vials Mohauman Majeed SEN virus (SEN-V) and Torque Teno Drug Adsorption on Carbon The situation of health security in Iraq virus (TTV) Co-Infection in a Sample Nanotubes synthesized by Flame Ayad Almamoori 10:50 - 11:00 of Hepatitis Patients from Baghdad- Fragments Deposition Technique Iraq. Asmaa Hammadi Arwa Al-Shuwaikh Study of some immunological A study for Malondialdehyde and The correlation between disordered parameters for systemic lupus lipid profile levels in ischemic stroke lipid profile)‏ dyslipedemia) and 11:00 – 11:10 erythematosus in Babylon province patients with progression of diabetes mellitus type 2 Marwa Al-saffar and without diabetes mellitus Essam Al-Jumaili Majid maatook Knockdown of TIGAR Induces Lysyl Oxidase, Hypoxia Inducible Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Surgical Apoptosis and Autophagy with Factor –1 alpha and Inducible Nitric Site Infection Prevention In Hilla City Modulates NF-κB and HO-1 Oxide Synthase as Possible Biological Hospitals 11:10 – 11:20 Expression in A549 Lung Cancer Markers in Bladder Cancer Ammar A. Shalan Cells Shaimaa Munther Osama Shareef Knowledge of the mothers toward Bioactivities of Anethole, Astragalin Apololipoprotine E4 Gene and sanitation and hygiene in relation to and Cryptochlorogenic Acid Extracted Change in Atrial natriuretic peptide childhood gastroenteritis in Babylon from Anise Oil and Moringa oleifera on and thyroid hormones in patient with 11:20 – 11:30 province. the Keratinase Gene Expression of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Babylon Sijal F. M. Al-joborae Trichophyton rubrum Province/Iraq Ali Jalil Obaid Zahraa Haleem Al-qaim The Effect Of TNF-α, IL-8 And Combination efficiency of antifungal Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes agent with filtrates of two basiomycetes Immune Alteration Phenotype In fungi on growth and on virulence factor 11:30 – 11:40 Pathogenesis Of Hepatitis C Virus (citrate and isocitrate genes) of Patients. Trichophyton rubrum Ali Anok Marwa H. Abdullah Mechanical dyssynchrony in dilated Waste management in scientificand cardiomyopathy , patterns and medical-educational facilities in Iraq 11:40 – 11:50 relation to severity , etiology ,and Muthana Alshammari ECG Ahlam Kadhim Noninvasive Methods as a rapid Evaluation of antithrombin lll levels in diagnosis of H.pylori infection pregnancy by radial immunodiffusion 12:50 – 13:00 Fuad Hassan (RID) Aamer.M.Ali

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Workshops Sessions

Time Event

SESSION SEVENTEEN

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Cochairman : Dr. Zahraa Haleem Alqaim Technical Advisor: Mrs. Riyam Ali Hadi

Dr. Ayad Alkaim, University of Babylon, College Of Science Women 15:00 – 16:30 Role of academic staff and researchers to enhance the scientific ranking of University and country (in scientific journal indexing

Mona N. Al-Terehi, Babylon University, College Of Science 20:30 – 22:00 Bioinformatics Training (Part 2)

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Speakers Prof. Dr. Rabah Boukherroub, University of Lille, Avenue Poincaré - CS60069, France

Prof. Dr. Suvardhan Kanchi, Department of Chemistry, Steve Biko Campus, Durban University of Technology 4000, South Africa

Prof. Dr. Sinem Yaprak Karavana, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova,Turkey

Prof. Dr. Baharak Divband, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz university, Tabriz, Iran

Prof. Dr. Majid Hayati, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

Prof. Dr. Zahra Emam-Djomeh, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Dr. Med. Abdul Majeed Al-Samir, Specialist in Surgery and Urology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

Dr. Shivanshu Raj Goyal, MBBS, MD-Pulmonary Medicine, India

Dr. Prasad Kuduvalli, Director of Scientific Programs, Health Security Partners (HSP), Washington DC, USA

Dr. Haleh Mikaeili, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Dr. Ali Ismail Aziz, Consultant Anaesthetist & Intensivist, Newham Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK

Dr. Önder Ergönül, Head of Infectious Diseases Department, American Hospital, & School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey

Dr. J.P. Agarwal, Agarwal Medi Care Centre, Railway Road, Bazaria, Ghaziabad, India

Prof. Dr. Ali Baay, Head of Department of Internal Medicine, Hammurabi Medical College , University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

Dr. Stefano Giovagnoli, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Liceo, Italy

Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP), Washington DC, USA

Dr. Ali Safaa, Genesiscare Cardiology, Interventional and General Cardiologist, The Mulgrave Private Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Dr. Hussam Al-Humadi, Physcian, Dean, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

Dr. Jabar Faraj, Head of Pharmacy Department,t Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Transdermal Drug Delivery: Beyond the State of the Art

Rabah Boukherroub

Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR CNRS8520, University of Lille – Sciences and Technologies, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Topical remedies, such as creams, gels, ointments and bandages, rubbed or applied to the skin, have been used over centuries. Being the largest organ in the body (1.5 – 2 m2 in adults), skin can be a good candidate for drug administration. Administration of therapeutic agents across the skin enables drugs to avoid p.o. first-pass chemical or enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract or liver.

Objectives & Methodology: The outermost layer of skin, stratum corneum (15 – 20 µm thick), which protects the human body from toxic chemicals, makes it challenging for high molecular weight and hydrophilic molecules to pass passively through this membrane. To address this limitation, different methods have been investigated to enhance the permeability of the stratum corneum. On the one hand, the design of chemical formulations with chemical skin enhancers such as solvents and surfactants as well as the synthesis of co-drug modified therapeutics to disrupt the structure of the stratum corneum have been proposed. On the other hand, physical techniques including mechanical and thermal approaches have been used to generate micrometer disruptions in the stratum corneum structure. Another interesting strategy is based on the use of microneedles filled with drugs to pierce the stratum corneum and enhance drug permeation. Other studies have shown that heat can be used as an external trigger to increase skin permeability, thus facilitating transdermal drug delivery.

Results: In this study the results on the use of thermal activation to enhance skin permeation are discussed. To this end, the potential of photothermal active graphene-based patches to enhance skin permeation are demonstrated. The choice of graphene is made based on its various benefits such as strong absorption in the near infrared (NIR), rapid light-to-heat conversion under low-power NIR irradiation, high loading capacity, ease of functionalization and facile solution phase processing.

Conclusions: Graphene offers the possibility to prepare countless number of multifunctional nanocomposites or nanohybrids through incorporation/assembling of functional building blocks, opening new avenues for delivery of various therapeutics. The use of NIR irradiation is very advantageous as most of biological molecules are transparent to this irradiation, thus limiting their inactivation/denaturation.

Key words

Transdermal, Drug, Enzymatic degradation, Skin.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Biosensors in Health Applications

Suvardhan Kanchi

Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The ability to assess health status, disease onset and progression, and monitor treatment outcome through a non-invasive method is the main aim to be achieved in health care promotion and delivery and research. There are three prerequisites to reach this goal: specific biomarkers that indicates a healthy or diseased state; a non-invasive approach to detect and monitor the biomarkers; and the technologies to discriminate the biomarkers.

Objectives & Methodology: The main objective is to fabricate nanosensors for the detection of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations and real samples. Though several techniques are available in the literature for the diagnosis of different diseases at earlier stage, but it is very important to have a system that can detect accurately and cost-effectively. Therefore, we focus on the electrochemical detection of various drugs using differential pulse voltammetry.

Results: The electrochemical nanosensors showed good LOD’s and LOQ’s, with fair recoveries.

Conclusions: In recent years, the demand has grown in the field of medical diagnostics for simple and disposable devices that also demonstrate fast response times, are user-friendly, cost-efficient, and are suitable for mass production. Biosensor technologies offer the potential to fulfill these criteria through an interdisciplinary combination of approaches from nanotechnology, chemistry and medical science.

Key words

Biosensors, Health applications, Drugs and Tuberculosis.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Buccal Delivery, Status, Trends and Future

Sinem Yaprak Karavana

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The advances and progress made by pharmaceutical industry have greatly contributed in terms of treatment of disease and also enhancing the quality life of patients. Among the various route of drug administration oral route is the most preferred and convenient route for systemic delivery. Several advantages associated with it includes, painless, self-administration and reduced cost. However, oral administration is limited by many disadvantages such as poor drug solubility and absorption, low bioavailability due to first pass metabolism, pH sensitive substances and peptide drug degradation in the gastrointestinal system and also local gastro intestinal toxicity.

Objectives & Methodology: Prior to the designing of buccal dosage form physiological factors such as texture of buccal mucosa, thickness of the mucus layer, its turn over time, effect of saliva and other environmental factors are to be considered. Saliva contains certain enzymes (esterases, carbohydrases, phosphatases) that may degrade some drugs. Although saliva secretion facilitates the dissolution of drug, involuntary swallowing of saliva also affects its bioavailability. These disadvantages can be avoided by developing unidirectional release systems with backing layer. This concept may also results in high drug bioavailability.

The general principle of drug absorption holds good for buccal delivery also. Buccal drug absorption depends on the partition coefficient of the drugs. Lipophilic drugs absorb through the transcellular route, where as hydrophilic drugs absorb through the paracellular route. This behavior leads to the assumption that chemical modification may increase drug penetration through buccal mucosa. Increasing nonionized fraction of ionizable drugs increases drug penetration through trans-cellular route. In weakly basic drugs, the decrease in pH increases the ionic fraction of drug but decreases its permeability through buccal mucosa.

Other pharmacological factors include residence time and local concentration of the drug in the mucosa, the amount of drug transported across the mucosa into the blood. Earlier studies have demonstrated that oral mucosal absorption of amines and acids at constant concentration are proportional to their partition coefficients. Similar dependencies on partition coefficients were obtained from acyclovir, β-adrenoreceptor blocking agents and substituted acetanilide.

Several buccal bioadhesive delivery devices which include bioadhesive tablet, gels and ointments, patches and patch/films were developed by many researchers either for local or systemic actions. The most common formulations are tablets and patches. Buccal films and patches are convenient dosage forms due to small size and thickness which improves patient compliance. They are preferred over adhesive tablets in terms of flexibility and patient comfort they also ensure more accurate drug dosing and longer residence time in mucosa as compared to gel and ointment. They are formulated to exhibit both systemic and local action.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Results: The main impediment to the use of many hydrophilic macromolecular drugs as potential therapeutic agents is their inadequate and erratic oral absorption. The relatively recent evolution of recombinant DNA research and modern synthetic and biotechnological methodologies allow the biochemist and chemist to produce vast quantities of variety of peptides and proteins possessing better pharmacological efficacy. However, therapeutic potential of these compounds lies in our ability to design and achieve effective and stable delivery systems.

Conclusions: The future challenge of pharmaceutical scientists will not only be polypeptide cloning and synthesis, but also to develop effective non-parenteral delivery of intact proteins and peptides to the systemic circulation. Buccal permeation can be improved by using various classes of transmucosal and transdermal penetration enhancers such as bile salts, surfactants, fatty acids and derivatives, chelators and cyclodextrins. Researchers are now looking beyond traditional polymer networks to find other innovative drug transport systems. Much of the development of novel materials in controlled release buccal adhesive drug delivery is focusing on the preparation and use of responsive polymeric system using copolymer with desirable hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction, block or graft copolymers, complexation networks responding via hydrogen or ionic bonding and new biodegradable polymers especially from natural edible sources. At the current global scenario, scientists are finding ways to develop buccal adhesive systems through various approaches to improve the bioavailability of orally less/inefficient drugs by manipulating the formulation strategies like inclusion of pH modifiers, enzyme inhibitors, permeation enhances etc. Novel buccal adhesive delivery system, where the drug delivery is directed towards buccal mucosa by protecting the local environment is also gaining interest.

Key words

Buccal delivery, Buccal mucosa, Dosage forms, Mucoadhesion.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Biomedical Applications of Nanomaterials

Baharak Divbanda,b aDental and Periodental Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran bInorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Everything in this universe and in our bodies is already based on molecular scale and nanotechnology. However it is also inherent that nanomaterials should display different properties such as electrical conductance chemical reactivity, magnetism, optical effects and physical strength, from bulk materials as a result of their small size. Advancement in the field of creating high quality and pure nanomaterials and their applications in medicines and pharmaceuticals has revolutionized the twentieth century. Even today wide-range of disease like cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, cardiovascular, and serious inflammatory or infectious diseases are going to be cured by use of nano technology. Nanomedicine makes use of nano materials in various fields such as contrast agents in MRI and CT, drug delivery, operative dentistry, surgery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. With the help of nano medicine early and rapid detection and diagnosis, prevention, proper treatment and follow-up of diseases is possible. Selective and well-designed nano scale particles are used as tags and labels to make the testing more sensitive and more flexible. With the help of nanotechnology, damaged tissue can be reproduced or repaired which called tissue engineering, which might revolutionize the transplantation of organs or artificial implants. By further research in nanotechnology, it can be useful for every aspect of human life. Medicine, regenerative medicine, clinical imaging, stem cell research and nutraceuticals are among the leading sectors that will be modified by nanotechnology innovations.

Conclusions: Our team is working on various aspects and applications of nanomaterials in medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as drug delivery and antimicrobial agents in cancer treatment and wound healing, dentistry bionanomaterials, as well as bioimaging contrast agents (used for MRI and CT), and recently tissue engineering materials and biosensors agents.

Key words

Nanomaterials, Biomaterials, Medicine, Drug delivery, Imaging contrast agent, Wound healing

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture MRI Magnetic Nanomaterials in Theranostic Agents

Nahideh Gharehaghaji1 and Baharak Divband2,3*

1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 3Inorganic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Faculty, University of Tabriz, C.P. 51664 Tabriz, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Gingivitis, sometimes called gum disease or periodontal disease, describes cases of bacterial build up in the oral cavity, which in the end, if untreated, can lead to loss of teeth, as a result of damage to the layer that encapsulates the teeth.

Objectives & Methodology: Collect 18 samples from smoking patient with gingivitis and 7 samples from healthy people as control (age 20-25 years) to study parasites which found in mouth spatially in gingivitis and effected on IL-2 and IL-4, IgA and IgG we found parasite Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax.

Results: 10 samples have Trichomonas tenax and 8 samples have Entamoeba gingivalis. In other hand we found significant differences at 0. 05 in IL-2 (Mean =20.62727 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean =19.31818 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control =11.4) , IL-4 (Mean =509.3636 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean=235.2727 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) , IgA (Mean =264.50 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean=243.50 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) and IgG (Mean =975.00 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean=1024.00 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 )

Conclusions: The parasitical infection increase periodontitis additional to smoking. Gingivitis may happened by parasites not by bacteria we found IgG level had been decreased in while IgA, IL-2 and IL-4 levels were increased in serum during infection with parasite.

Key words

Entamoeba gingivalis , Trichomonas tenax, IL-4 , IL-2, IgA and IgG.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Serum Albumin Levels in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

Adileh Shirmohammadi

Department of Periodontics, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Albumin is a protein whose serum levels decrease in inflammatory conditions such as periodontal diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in serum albumin levels in patients with and without periodontal diseases before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment and its relationship with clinical variables of periodontal disease.

Objectives & Methodology: Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis and 20 periodontally healthy subjects, referring to Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, were selected for the purpose of this study. Serum albumin levels and clinical periodontal parameters (pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, bleeding index and plaque index) were determined and recorded at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean ± SD). Independent-samples t-test was used to compare serum albumin levels and clinical parameters between the case and control groups. Paired-samples t-test was used to compare the variables before and after treatment in the case group. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

Results: The mean serum albumin level of patients with chronic periodontitis (3.62±0.11 mg/dL) was significantly less than that in periodontally healthy subjects (4.17±0.29 mg/dL). Three months after periodontal treatment, the serum albumin levels increased significantly (3.78±0.33 mg/dL), approaching the level in periodontally healthy subjects (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Decreases and increases in serum albumin levels with periodontal disease and its treatment indicate an inverse relationship between serum albumin levels and chronic periodontitis. Key words: Albumin, chronic periodontitis, dental scaling, non-surgical inflammation, root planning.

Key words Albumin, Chronic periodontitis, Dental scaling, Non-surgical inflammation, Root planing.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Nanomedicine Implementations in Targeted Cancer Treatment: Nano- Encapsulated Curcumin

Zahra Emam-Djomeh1,2

1Transfer Phenomena Laboratory (TPL) College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj Campus, Karaj, Iran 2Aras International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Iran. Usual chemical therapies cause widespread systemic toxicity and lead to serious side effects which prohibit their long term use. Therefore, there is an increasing necessity to present suitable anticancer compounds with minimal side effects.

Objectives & Methodology: Curcumin is a natural polyphenol molecule derived from the Curcuma longa plant which exhibits anticancer, chemo-preventive, chemo- and radio-sensitization properties. Curcumin’s widespread availability, safety, low cost and multiple cancer fighting functions justify its development as a drug for cancer treatment.

Results: However, various basic and clinical studies elucidate curcumin’s limited efficacy due to its low solubility, high rate of metabolism, poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. A growing list of nanomedicine(s) using first line therapeutic drugs has been approved or is under consideration by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to improve human health.

Conclusions: These nanotechnology strategies may help to overcome challenges and ease the translation of curcumin from bench to clinical application.

Key words Cancer, Nanomedicine, Curcumin.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Stem Cells: Past Successes and Future Promises

Ahmad Reza Bahrami1,2, Azadeh Haghighitalab1,2, Moein Farshchian1,2, Maryam M. Matin1,2

1Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. 2Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Department, ACECR-Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Stem cells has experienced intensive basic and clinical investigations during the last three decades, while there are still big challenges for them to establish a strong position in clinical level. By introduction of human Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs) about two decades ago, the public expectations were raised very high for their promise in regenerative medicine. However this did not happen as expected due mainly to ethical and safety concerns.

Objectives & Methodology: The challenges diverted most scientific programs towards alternative cells with the same potentials. Among them adult stem cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in particular, and induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) were the most studied ones. Despite immense added value of these findings in scientific level, some serious concerns are rising which question their cost and benefit in clinic.

Results: These findings have made a big shift towards development of new strategies for employment of derivatives/components of the stem cells rather than their direct application in therapeutic programs. For instance, MSCs are known for modulation of inflammation via their pro/anti-inflammatory properties. The strength of such property depends very much on the micro-environmental situation of the tissue. Such effect is exerted through certain Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) known as exosomes.

Key words Stem cells, Clinical investigations, Embryonic stem cells.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Keynote Lecture Cell Therapy: A Novel Approach for Some Incurable Diseases

Maryam M. Matin1,2,3

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. 2Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran. 3Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Despite a great progress in drug development and medicine in 21st century we are still facing some diseases which cannot be cured by usual devices or even novel targeted therapies. This has led to development of cell therapy approaches in which either stem cells or their differentiated counterparts can be used for treatment of some problems especially for those who have acquired resistance to normal medications or incurable diseases. Some cell therapy approaches have received approvals to be used clinically, however in most other cases clinical trials are being conducted to test the safety and efficacy of cell therapy.

Key words

Cell Therapy, Diseases.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-04 The Correlation Between Disordered Lipid Profile (Dyslipedemia) and Progression of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Essam F. Al-Jumaili* and Bushra Abdulhadi

Biotechnology Department, Genetic Enginerring and Biotechnology Institute for Postgraduate Studies, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The study aims to assess the correlation between disordered lipid profile (dyslipidemia) and progression of diabetes mellitus type 2. Fifty of type 2 DM patient (patient group) diagnosed according to history and clinical examination.

Objectives & Methodology: Fifty of types 2 DM patient diagnosed according to history and clinical examination, who attended the laboratory of 14 ramadan specialist analyses of immune and advanced hormones, and twenty-five apparently healthy(control group) and both group age ranged from 40-70 years in the period between 17/6/2016 until 25/8/2016. The study was conducted on tests for glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and glycated haemoglobin and determined enzymatically by using kits

Results: The results of triglycerides level in blood increase in patients with type2 diabetes (245.12 ± 21.98 mg/dl as compared with control group 134.60 ± 8.45 mg/dl ), the level of cholesterol in blood also increase in patients with type2 diabetes (253.70 ±4.79 mg/dl as compared with control group 185.44 ± 7.85 mg/dl ), and the level of HbA1c increase in patients with type2 diabetes (8.29 ± 0.21 mg/dl as compared with control 5.11 ± 0.08 mg/dl).

Conclusions: Blood levels of HbA1c have a significant correlation with levels of blood sugar and can give a clear idea about glycaemic control in the past three months and hence can be used as a preferred method to assess glycaemic control in diabetic.

Key words

Dyslipedemia, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Cholesterol, HbAlc

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-06 Effects of Smoking on Serum Liver Enzymes and Lipids levels among Male Smokers in Babylon City

Haider Turkey Al-mousawi1,* and Qabas Neamah Al-Hajjar2

1Faculty of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Iraq 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kufa University, Najaf, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking currently is considering one of the greatest problems in public health worldwide and is risk factor for peripheral vascular disorders and heart disease. The monitoring of liver function and total cholesterol are very important to give an estimation of the future cardiovascular diseases among smokers.

Objectives & Methodology: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on the serum levels of liver enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine transaminase (GPT) and cholesterol activities among Iraqi smokers in Babylon city, compared to apparently healthy individuals (non-cigarette smokers) as a control group (all were males). Methods: A case- control study was carried out on forty Iraqi male smokers who smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least15 years. The group includes smokers with age range between 15-55 years. Non-smokers, (control, n=20) group were collected with the same range of age for statistical comparison. The whole blood samples were drawn by venipuncture from each member; levels of cholesterol and liver functions test were estimated in the blood serum of smokers and non-smokers by diagnostic kit (Randox corporation-UK) using automatic analyzer. Results: The findings of this study showed that there was a significant higher level of total cholesterol, ALT, and AST in the smokers group compared to non-smokers (P<0.05). As well as, the results showed a significant positive correlation between the smoker’s age and serum GOT, GPT and cholesterol activity (Increasing) especially in age between 45 to 55 years old, as compared to control. In addition, total cholesterol and liver function enzymes were significantly positive correlated with the duration of smoking (P<0.05). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking leads to oxidative stress by free radical generation by the mechanism of lipid peroxidation that affected by the heaviness of smoking. Smoking exerts negative influence on liver functions test that should be carefully interpreted and preventive strategies needed to avoid the future cardiovascular diseases. Key words Liver enzymes, Aspartate aminotransferase GOT, Alanine transaminase (GPT).

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-09 Bioactivity of Anise Oil and Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts on Gene Expression of Keratinases Produced by Trichophyton rubrum

Ali Jalil Obaid1, Jawad K. Abood Al-Janabi2,* and Wijdan Redtha Taj-Aldin1

1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. 2Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Trichophyton rubrum is the most common dermatophyte species. It is the most frequent cause of fungal skin infections in humans worldwide.

Objectives & Methodology: The aim of the current study is searching for effective and safe antifungal agents. Investigating the phytochemical bioactive properties as well as characterization of medicinal plants (Pimpinella anisum, which is essential oil as well as leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera) including their impact on gene expression of keratinases that T. rubrum produced with the use of Real Time PCR. Protease inhibitor, which is cut off from M. oleifera mature leaves displayed pronounced capability of hindering keratinase activity of T. rubrum.

Results: It is clear from the outcome that in the present study, chemical compounds and plants extracts exhibited considerable inhibitory impacts on gene expression through down regulation of keratinase enzyme in strains of T. rubrum. It has been proved by MTT assay that anethole is secure since phototherapeutic agents, when it has no impact on normal cell, despite the fact that the activity displayed is anticancer against cancer cell. Astragalin, Anise oil, M. oleifera crud inhibitor, anethole and Cryptochlorogenic acid exhibited high inhibitory impacts on keratinase enzyme gene expression in the strains of KP979787 and T. rubrum KP979791.

Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, nearly all of these outcomes are innovative finding.

Key words

Keratinase, Trichophyton rubrum, MTT assay, Moringa oliefera, Antifungal, Real Time PCR.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-18 Detection of Autoantibody Anti-TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) in Patients with Thyroiditis in Al- Hilla City Fuad Ghazi Hassan

Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The study was designed to evaluate the relationship between thyroiditis and auto-antibody thyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO) using Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) is a promising approach for selective, sensitive, rapid, and simple analysis and gland dysfunction, with the aim of finding a clinically useful value of thyroid peroxidase antibodies, which could prove to be predictive for clinical immune thyroiditis detection and for prevent failure.

Objectives & Methodology: The study was conducted on 46 patients (36 women and 10 men) with clinical signs of thyroid disorder, ages ranging from 15–65 years (mean age: 44.5 ± 15.0), Analysis of serum samples for TSH, T3and T4 concentration and the concentration of anti-TPO was conducted using (CLIA) as sensitive simple and rapid analysis test.

Results: The most common disorder was hypothyroidism and sub clinical hypothyroidism 25 (54%). Anti-TPO titers above reference range normal values were observed in 19 patients (41.3%): 13 patients (68.4 %) were hypo and sub-hypothyroidism. The anti-TPO serum levels correlated both in patients with age and clinical signs, and the anti-TPO was negative in control group.

Conclusions: According to the present study, anti- TPO antibody has been significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction; it can be used as diagnostic marker for thyroid autoimmune disease. It can be postulated that the anti-TPO should be measured in the general for patients with thyroiditis in order to improve autoimmune thyroid disorder screening and to detection of some false positive subjects. In this way, many people could avoid complications of undiagnosed, insidious thyroid failure.

Key words

TPO, CLIA, Thyroiditis, TSH, T3 & T4

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-22 Evolution and Effectiveness of Colorimetric Approach for Investigation of Ceftriaxone Medicine as a Pure Form and in Formulation Vials

Mohauman Mohammad Majeed AL-Rufaie1,* and Zahraa Yosif Motaweq2

1Chemistry Department, College of Science, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

2Biology Department, College of Science, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Aceftriaxone medicine is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. As another (3 generation cephalosporins), it has broad spectrum effectiveness versus gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. Diverse approaches for analyses of the studied medicine are obtainable but are costly and time consuming

Objectives & Methodology: Therefor we have sophisticated developed novel, easy, simple as well as accurate colorimetric approach for investigation of ceftriaxone medicine as a pure form and in formulation vials by depending on a specific color-generated reaction.

Results: This reaction involves the Schiff 's base formation reaction between ceftriaxone drug with alcoholic 4- di ethyl amino benzaldehyde (DEAB) reagent to produce a new ligand that reacts with cobalt (II) ion with heating to (50°C) in acidic media to form green colored complex exhibiting λmax at 496 nm. The medicine conformed with the Beer’s law with linearity observed between (2 –52) μg/ml and correlation coefficient of 0.9992 .The analyses results were supported by LOD, LOQ, accuracy, recovery studies, ruggedness and precision.

Conclusions: The approach was established to be robust and economical.

Key words Ceftriaxone, Evolution and Effectiveness, Colorimetric approach

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-26 ABO Blood Group as a Risk Factor Affect Herpes Zoster Incidence in Babylon Province

H.S. Naher1,*, M.K. Al-Hatab2 and Zainab A. Tolaifeh3

1Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. 2College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq. 3College of Science for Girls, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The samples included in this study were collected from dermatology department of the consultant clinic in Marjan Teaching Hospital to investigate certain immunological markers of patients with shingles. The ages of patients included in this study ranged between 14 to 80 years.

Objectives & Methodology: Three ml of vinous blood were collected from studied group (50 cases of herpes zoster infection and 30 healthy persons), the age of two groups range from 14-80 years. ABO blood groups were detected in patients. Blood samples left in the room temperature at 30 minutes. Then serum was separated by centrifuge at the 4000 rpm for 5 minutes. The sera samples stored at -20c in deep freeze until the time of analysis was carried out. Diagnosis of infection was done by dermatologist and by indirect immunofluorescence assay by using kit manufactured by VIROIMMUN Labor-Diagnostic Company (Germany).

Results: The results revealed that the patients group of age 40 to 61 years have the highest percentage of infection reaching up to 46%. The immunofluorescence test for Varicella Zoster virus-specific IgG showed that 48 out 50 are positive (96%). The higher percentage of infection with shingles was found in females which accounted for 54%, in comparison with the percentage of males patients which accounted for 46%. The results showed that patients with blood group (O+) are more accessible for infection, the infection rate accounted for 50% in this study.

Conclusions: Blood groups have direct and significant role in infections by acting as receptors or/and co-receptors for microbes, viruses and parasites. Several antigens of blood groups simplify intra-cellular up taking, transduction of signals and adhesion via membrane domains organization.

Key words

Zoster incidences, Gender, Age, Blood group.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-29 Mechanical Dyssynchrony in Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Relation to Severity, Etiology and ECG

Ahlam Kadhim Abbood1,*, Haider Jabbar Al-Ghizzi2 and Zainab F. Hassan1

1College of Medicine , University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: cardiac impairment is a main cause of mortality throughout the word and despite optimal medical treatment still carries high mortality.

Objectives & Methodology: Aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of intraventricular dyssynchrony in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy patients and its relation to underlying etiology, QRS with and severity of systolic dysfunction. This cross sectional study included 58 patients with cardiomyopathy of ischemic (ICM) and non-ischemic cause (NCM). Inclusion criteria include type II- IV NYHA patients. Mechanical dysynchrony (intraventricular dyssynchrony) assessed by m-mode, pulsed Doppler, TDI and 2D speckle tracking. Assessment of left ventricular systolic function was by ejection fraction and stroke volume. Prevalence of mechanical indices in DCM and their relation to underlying etiology, QRS duration and severity of LV systolic dysfunction were done.

Results: Prevalence of intraventricular dyssynchrony indices was more in NCM than ICM except PSI was more in ICM, and there was significant association of these indices with QRS width. There was non- significant negative correlation between these indices and LV systolic indices.

Conclusions: Mechanical dyssynchrony indices affected by the underlying etiology and by the QRS width and severity of LV systolic dysfunction associated with existence of the mechanical dyssynchrony.

Key words

Dilated cardiomyopathy, Mechanical dyssynchrony , Intraventricular dyssynchrony

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-30 Role of Tissue Doppler in Early Detection of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Β Thalassemic Patients of Pediatric Age Group

Zainab F. Hassan, Mohanad K. Shukur Alghanimi and Ahlam Kadhim Abbood

College of Medicine, Babylon University, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Heart failure due to increase serum iron level is a major fatal cause in patients with Beta thalassemia. Echocardiography is a non-invasive tool that plays a major role in detection of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study is Early detection of cardiac impairment in beta thalassemia by bed site technique (advanced echocardiography) in order to overcome the time and cost of other technique (T2 CMR).

Objectives & Methodology: This is a case control study included 51 thalassemic patients mean age (11 ±2.8 year), 40 control (mean age 10± 2.7 year) they had attended to thalassemic center in obstetric and paediatric hospital in Hilla from 1 January 2019 to 4 March 2019. All pt and control underwent conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler image (TDI).

Results: β Thalassemic Patients (β-TM) had significantly higher left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameter index, LVEDDI (41.5±13.7vs. 31.8±7.5; P = 0.000) and LVESDI (25.7±6.2 vs. 20.9±6.7; P = 0.000) ( On the other hand there are no differences in ejection fraction and systolic fraction between patients and control (P>0.05) .Additionally pulmonary capillary wedge pressure are more in patients than in control (11.6 ± 4 vs. 9.7 ± 1; P = 0.000)

Conclusions: Advanced echocardiography including tissue Doppler imaging has important role for early detection of cardiac dysfunction in β-TM patients.

Key words

Thalassemia, Tissue Doppler image (TDI)

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-31 The Antibacterial Activity of Punica granatum Peel Extract Against Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Wound Infection

Sara Aqeel Hassan1 and Eman Wahab Kadhum2

1 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Safwa University College, Karbala, Iraq

2 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit with numerous phytochemical bioactive compounds, with potential antimicrobial activity. In this study the antibacterial activity of Punica granatum peel water extracts was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from Al–Hussein medical hospital in Karbala, isolated and diagnosed from wound infection.

Objectives & Methodology: In this study fresh pomegranate fruits were purchased from a local market. Peels were removed and dried. The sample was spread out during daylight hours for 5 days until it dried to brittleness. Dried pericarp was then taken for grinding by the help of mixer grinder. Then powdered form of plant sample was used throughout the study.

Results: The effect of Punica granatum peel water extracts shows antibacterial activity against tested bacteria with inhibition zone (20mm) (22mm) and (24mm).

Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the pomegranate peel extracts showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and may be used as medicine for humans. This reduces the cost and the risk of antibiotic consumption.

Key words

Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial activity, Punica granatum.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-32 Synthesis and Characterizations of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded Chloramphenicol for Antibacterial Applications

E.F. Khalfa1, Z.H. Nafaee1, F.N. Abdullah1, G.S. Bdair1, R.M. Niema1, H.D. Salman1 and F.H. Hussein1,2,*

1College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq 2Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: This study concentrated on using nanoparticles as antibacterial agent.

Objectives & Methodology: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized via a precipitated chemical method for antibacterial applications by Zn (NO3)2.4H2O as precursor. The synthesized ZnO NPs were modified by loading with chloramphenicol as a biologically active compound. The characterization of ZnO NPs was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The morphology of ZnO NPs synthesized from Zn (NO3)2.4H2O via SEM images indicates that ZnO NPs having diameter range approximately (50-100 nm). The FTIR measurements of ZnO NPs also confirm the successful production of ZnO nanoparticles. Chloramphenicol was adsorbed on ZnO nanoparticles at room temperature using 10% ethanol as solvent. The intensity absorption of the chloramphenicol at 278nm after loading on ZnO NPs was lower than chloramphenicol at (278nm) after loading on ZnO non nanoparticles due to increase of ZnO NPs surface area. However, adsorption of chloramphenicol on both types of ZnO was proportional with the concentration.

Results: The synthesized ZnO NPs loaded with chloramphenicol were validated for antibacterial activity against S. aureus, Acinetobacter, P. aeroginosa, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae. Generally, ZnO NPs loaded with chloramphenicol (100 mg/mL) had better response for S. aureus and Acinetobacter while MIC against P. aeroginosa and E. coli was 300 mg/ml. On the contrary, K. pneumoniae was the most resistant bacteria in this test and didn’t exhibit any response to the action of (ZnO) Nanoparticles at any concentration.

Conclusions: Using of nanotechnology represents an innovative procedure to develop and test new pharmaceutical formulations based on metallic nanoparticles antibacterial properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded chloramphenicol showed a good antibacterial activity.

Key words

Biological Applications, Chloramphenicol, Zinc Oxide, Zinc Oxide Characterizations, Zinc Oxide Synthesis, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-33 Cell Phones Contamination by Bacterial Infection Among Medical Students at AL- Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

Afrah Jawad Al-Zwaid1*, Hyam A. AL-Hasoon2, Ula Abbas3

1Department of Anaesthesia Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

2Department of Biology, College of Science, Babylon University, Iraq.

3Department of Pathological Analytic Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to examine the presence of bacteria on the surfaces of different types of cell phones that are used frequently by students, inside and outside of medical laboratories.

Objectives & Methodology: The cross-sectional study identified both pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria on cell phones of 90 medical students at AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq, using standard microbiological methods.

Results: Out of 90 cell phones screened, 30 were contaminated with bacteria. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most abundant isolates. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated from samples.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that cell phones can act as reservoirs of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic organisms. Therefore, full guidelines about restricting the use of cell phones in laboratory environments, hand hygiene, and frequent decontamination of mobile devices are recommended at an early stage in university, to limit the risk of cross-contamination and healthcare-associated infections caused by cell phones.

Key words

Cell phone, Bacteria contamination, Pathogenic, Nonpathogenic bacteria

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-34 Treating of Aphthus Ulcer for Medically Compromised Patients by Using Prednisolone Mixed with Glycerin as Topical Application

Ali F. Hassan, Ayman H. Altamimi and Ali M. Alyassiri

College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hilla, IRAQ

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The history of traumatic events as oral ulceration that occurred to biting during talking, secondary to mastication, mechanical trauma, electrical, chemical, thermal conditions, or recurrent conditions.

Objectives & Methodology: Assessment efficiency of topical application of corticosteroid in oral mucosalulcerations as modification for systemic using in medically compromised patients. Ten patients participated in this study as case series with age range of 50-70 years old (both males and females randomly array) and with different systemic diseases (hypertensive, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular pathology and thyroid conditions). Prednisolone mixed with glycerin was used as suspension applied on aphthus ulcer topically.

Results: All the patients that submissive to the treatment protocol of this work showed a complete healing after 3-5 days of treatment.

Conclusions: The therapeutic benefit of corticosteroids lies in their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation properties which make them highly effective in the management of oral mucosal lesions. The topical applications of steroids in the healing of oral mucosal ulcerations (mild and moderate cases) may have advantages as alternative modalities of treatment more than systematic administration especially when this systemic uses are contraindicated due to its adverse effects.

Key words

Oral Ulcerations, Corticosteroids, Oral mucosal lesions.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-36 Evolution of Immunoglobulin IgE Levels for Asthma Patients According to the Gender, Babylon province, Iraq.

Ola Abbas Khudhair 1, Afrah Jawad Al-Zwaid2*, Rasha Fadhel Obaid2 and Aseel Jawad3

1Department of Medical Laboratories techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

2Department of anesthesia techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

3Center of Asthma and Allergy Disease, Hilla, Babylon, Iraq.

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Immunoglobulin E and associated cellular responses are responsible for allergic airway diseases. A hypersensitivity reaction initiated by immunologic mechanisms, mediated by IgE antibodies occurs in allergic asthma.

Objectives & Methodology: The objectives of present study were to estimate the levels of total serum IgE in asthmatic and healthy subjects. The study included measured the levels of total serum IgE using the ELISA kits (AccuBind, Monobind Inc., USA).

Results: The results showed that asthmatic individuals had significantly highest level of total serum IgE compared to that of the healthy individuals. In the present study, subjects and collection of blood samples a total of 250 (160 asthmatic and 90 control). Age and sex matched healthy subjects with no history of respiratory disorder, other atopic signs and symptoms, parasitic infection, were considered as control subjects.

Conclusions: Serum Immunoglobulin E levels were high in asthmatics as compared to normal subjects. On an average, the levels increased as the severity of asthma increased. However, there was no statistically significant correlation since the variability in each level of asthma was very large.

Key words

Allergy, Immunoglobulin E, Inflammation

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-41 Choline Deficient Diet: A New Challenge

Hussam Al-Humadi1,2

1Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Choline is an essential dietary component that maintains normal functions and integrity of the body cells, it is vital in brain development. It is a biological molecule that present in tissue as phosphatidylcholine or sphingomyeline, it was officially approved as an essential nutrient for the maintenance of health. Choline up-take by different major body organs such as brain, liver, kidneys, placenta and mammary glands for sustenance of normal metabolism. A series of inflammatory reactions as termed systemic inflammatory response syndrome activate by bacterial endotoxins are called sepsis which remains as a critical clinical condition that associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality and related multiple organ dysfunction, immunological imbalance is associated with deteriorated outcome in septic patients. Choline deficient state is common and can be seen in different physiological and pathological states that draw its role on the pathway of the septic condition. Therefore, assessment of the nutritional status have a significant impact in improving treatment output, healing process and prognosis, taking into consideration the diversity in the manifestations of sepsis and heterogenicity of patients. In this study, findings from different studies and different models explored the importance of this essential substance in driving different inflammatory and immune pathways to augment healing process and avoidance predictable unwanted complication.

Key words

Choline, Choline deficient diet, Inflammatory response, Immune response.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-42 In vitro Quality Evaluation and Antibacterial Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin Tablets Obtained from Different Companies in Community Pharmacies

Rafal Al-Saigh1,*, Fatima Alzubaidi2, Hussam Al-Humadi3, Charis Liapi4

1Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq 2Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq 3Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq 4Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. 75, Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic second generation fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum, bactericidal activity. The aim of study was to determine the amount of ciprofloxacin in the tablet of the brand A Company (Switzerland) and other generic companies (B (England), C (India) and D (China), the in vitro dissolution rate, in addition to the antimicrobial activity using reference low to high level quinolone resistant bacteria. Objectives & Methodology: Tablets from each company were individually weighed and grinded to powder, then a measured amount of the powder that was dissolved in the mobile phase to prepare a concentration of ciprofloxacin 100µg/ml. The prepared solutions were filtered and diluted achieve a final concentration of ciprofloxacin of 20 µg/ml that were injected directly into HPLC and then interpolated with the quantity of ciprofloxacin in (mg) for each company tablet. The in vitro rate of dissolution was evaluated for all pharmaceutical companies and compared by calculating the difference factor (ƒ1) and similarity factor (ƒ2). Antimicrobial effect was studied minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method for reference strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33499. Results: Ciprofloxacin content was approved within the accepted range for all companies except D company that was higher value. The dissolution testing for A and B manufacturer can be considered as very rapidly dissolving (> 85%) within 15 minutes while for D company was < 80% during the first 30 minutes. Determination of MIC for 24 hrs of 0.128-500 mg/L ciprofloxacin, for all strains, the growth were decreased with higher ciprofloxacin concentrations with best results seen in A and B and the lowered with D. Conclusions: For ciprofloxacin tablet of A, B and C companies were approved in accordance with the quality test; while ciprofloxacin tablet of D company failed because its ciprofloxacin content is higher than allowed with lower antimicrobial activity, so it's important to improve its quality control to get maximum pharmaceutical effect. Key words

Equivalent and Quality Assessment, Antibacterial Activity, Ciprofloxacin, Dissociation Rate, MIC, Quality Control

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-43 The Antibacterial Activity of Punica granatum Peel Extract Against Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Wound Infection

Sara Aqeel Hassan1 and Eman Wahab Kadhum2

1 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Safwa University College, Karbala, Iraq

2 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit with numerous phytochemical bioactive compounds, with potential antimicrobial activity. In this study the antibacterial activity of Punica granatum peel water extracts was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from Al–Hussein medical hospital in Karbala, isolated and diagnosed from wound infection.

Objectives & Methodology: In this study fresh pomegranate fruits were purchased from a local market. Peels were removed and dried. The sample was spread out during daylight hours for 5 days until it dried to brittleness. Dried pericarp was then taken for grinding by the help of mixer grinder. Then powdered form of plant sample was used throughout the study.

Results: The effect of Punica granatum peel water extracts shows antibacterial activity against tested bacteria with inhibition zone (20mm) (22mm) and (24mm).

Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the pomegranate peel extracts showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and may be used as medicine for humans. This reduces the cost and the risk of antibiotic consumption.

Key words Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial activity, Punica granatum.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-45 Incidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in Iraqi Infants with Neonatal Sepsis

Jabbar S. Hassan

Al-Nehrain University Medical College, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the main sources of morbidity and mortality in term and preterm infants. Bacterial infections are the causes of the vast majority of neonatal sepsis. Cronobacter sakazakii has been emerged as foodborne human pathogen and a causative agent for life-threatening bacterial infection in infants.

Objectives & Methodology: To investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with C. sakazakii infection in a sample of Iraqi neonates using molecular methods.

Results: Venous blood was obtained from 100 neonates 1 days to 30 day-old who were admitted to Al Imamain Al-Kadhumain Medical City, Baghdad/Iraq. After DNA was extracted from leukocytes, specific oligonucleotide primers for C. sakazakii were used in conventional PCR to amplify 282bp in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) between small and large subunit of ribosomal RNA gene. Association of different risk factors with the infection was determined by logistic regression test.

Conclusions: Molecular methods for detection C. sakazakii revealed positive amplification in 16 samples (16%). Regarding prenatal risk factors results showed, six children (37.5%) positive for this bacterium had home delivery compared to only 15.47% of those who were negative. Among postnatal factors, only feeding method had a significant association with C. sakazakii infections where 68.75% of positive cases had received powdered infant formula (PIF) compared to 39.28% of negative cases who received such formula. Interestingly, 12 children (75%) who were positive for C. sakazakii have died compared with 18 (21.43%) among those who were negative for this bacterium.

Key words

Cronobacter sakazakii, Powdered infant formula (PIF), Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), Postnatal Risk Factors, Prenatal Risk factor.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-48

Preparation and In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Vitamin B12 Loaded Implants

Jabar A Faraj1, Shaimaa M. Mohammed1, Sabah Nema Al- Thamer1, Ihab I. Al-Khalifa2, Kadum A. Al Shareffi1 and Pattric P. Deluca3 1Pharmacy Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq 2Pharmacy Department, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq 3University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky, USA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is essential for normal RBC formulation, nerve, proteins in the body, certain enzyme reactions, and neurologic function. Vitamin B12 is given both as an oral supplement and intramuscular single dose with multiple and consecutive treatment in an injections. Long-acting formulations are required with the use of polymeric biodegradable implants.

Objectives & Methodology: This study focuses specifically on the formulation of sterilized vitamin B12 loaded implants by using a biodegradable polymeric implant, poly-lactic glycolic acid (PLGA). In addition to the establishment of in-vitro release of vitamin B12 as a function of time. One set of in-vitro parameters to demonstrate in-vivo serum concentration and release for implants using a single PLGA polymer in rats.

Results: Six sterilized different batches with EO (ethylene oxide) of vitamin B12 loaded implants were produced while varying the process parameters to obtain the desired target product profile. A full characterization of the polymeric formulation was performed to understand the mechanism of release and only four of them were tested on rats. Sterilization had no significant effect on drug content in implants. It was found that B12 would not be adversely affected by potentially low pH environments that could exist within implants. An in-vitro release study of vitamin B12 from biodegradable polymeric implants was studied and followed over 50 days. The key characteristics of in-vitro release profile include minimum initial burst, lag period of one week, and sigmoid release profile during the release phase for all batches. An in-vivo pharmacokinetic profile from PLGA implants were tested in rats for the four selected batches over 30 days to assess the prospect of creating a long term, sterile, drug delivery system for B12 supplementation. The onset was rapid and serum concentration was approximately 6-12 ng/ml at 10 days and decreased to about 2-4 ng/ml at 15 day and followed by increasing to 28 ng/ml 30 days. Although implants were removed at 45 days, there was no detectable B12 in serum and this was consistent with residual B12 content in the extracted implants.

Conclusions: One of the challenges in developing the parenteral controlled release implant formulation is to control the initial burst that contributes to unwanted side effects. During this stage of the development, vitamin B12 loaded implants using a published know-how that demonstrates low to no initial burst, and drug content within the target. Most importantly, in vivo release profile of the four selected batches produced with different process was almost similar.

Key words

Vitamin B12, Biodegradable polymer, Pharmacokinetics, Cyanocobalamin, Implants, PLGA.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-52 The Effect of Smoking on the High-Density Lipoprotein HDL, Low Density Lipoprotein LDL, and Triacylclecrol TG

Zaenab Mohsen Najem

Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The study included the collection of 100 blood samples from different smokers in Al-Mustaqbal College. After the separation of the samples in the serum isolation centrifuge, the analysis was carried out to measure HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LDL and TGD, and to compare laboratory results with the normal proportions of smokers. It was found that smoking had an effect on cholesterol, Also, the effect of the amount of sugars per day was studied. As we conclude from previous researches and studies, the higher the number of cigarettes, the higher the risk of heart disease, regardless of the type of cigarettes.

Objectives & Methodology: Compare the practical results obtained after following the method of work taken from Kit and apply them to the collected samples and compare them with the normal values.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in the mean values of triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. Smokers had higher levels of triglycerides, LDL- cholesterol and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol compared to the non-smokers group.

Conclusions: The results showed that the proportion of low-density lipids and triglycerides increased in smokers compared to nonsmokers (control group) while the proportion of high-density lipids decreased by a significant percentage, which is a result of matching the previous studies mechanism.

Key words

Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG, Smoking.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-56 Knowledge of the Mothers toward Sanitation and Hygiene in Relation to Childhood Gastroenteritis in Babylon Province

Sijal Fadhil Farhood Al Joborae1,*, Fadhil Farhood Mekki Al Joborae2 and Ihab Raad Abbas Abid Ali3

1Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. 2College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. 3College of Science for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The importance of diarrhoea in infants in Babylon Province in Central Iraq cannot be underestimated as it is a serious impediment to the health and development of children in this resource-strained region of the country. Locally diarrhoea is a major cause of attendance at health facilities, remains at the forefront of causes of admission to many of the hospitals in the province, and a significant and often preventable cause of death. Local beliefs in the Middle East about causes of diarrhoea in infants are different from country to country and from culture to culture and this no more true than in Babylon Province. Objectives & Methodology: To analyze the socio-demographic factors related to sanitation and hygiene regarding childhood gastroenteritis in Babylon Province. To outline the main local knowledge, of mothers and care givers about childhood gastroenteritis. A cross sectional study was conducted in Babylon Province, Iraq. It was carried on 400 respondents attending primary health care centres and paediatric clinics for treatment of gastroenteritis, during the period from 1st January 2019 to the 1st May 2019. Results: In Babylon Province attacks of diarrhoea tends to occur early in life prior to 12 months of age despite the fact that close to three quarters of affected infants were in schedule with Rota Vaccine timetable. A staggering 94% of affected infants were not fed naturally, reflecting the declining rates of natural feeding in the Province. Conclusions: One third of the study population was born with a weight less than 2500g and over half were born via Caesarean section. Mothers of affected infants tend to be mostly rural, teenaged and poorly educated. There is a notable deficiency of knowledge about ways of contracting childhood gastroenteritis. Key words Gastroenteritis, Childhood.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-59 Isolation and Identification of Dermatophytes Causing Dermatophytosis in Hilla City-Iraq

Nibras A.A. Hindy*,1 and Abid-Ali A. Abiess2

1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Al-Imam Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospital, Hilla, lraq. 2Department of Pathological Analysis Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Dermatophytes are a group of closely related keratinophilic and keratinolytic filamentous fungi, which is most commonly of the Trichophyton genus and less commonly of the Micrcisporum or Epidermophyton genera. Cutaneous fungal infection is divided into superficial and deep mycosis, superficial infection is limited to the stratum corneum that affecting the skin (Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris, Tinea pedis), hair (Tinea capitis), beard (Tinea barbae), nails (onychomycosis or Tinea unguium).

Objectives & Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine the dermatophyte species causing superficial fungal infections among patients attending the dermatology out-patient clinic in Al-Imam Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospital of Hilla city, Babylon Province, Iraq during the period from June 2017 to May 2018. 129 samples were examined by 10 % KOH and cultured on sabouraud's dextrose agar with cyclohexamide and chloramphenicol to identify the dermatophytes species. All skin, hair and nail samples from clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis were included in the study.

Results: 74 females and 55 males were considered as the total number of patients selected. Dermatophytes were isolated from 95 out of I29 patients, were included in this study. The isolated Dermatophytes include predominantly Trichophytone species [T. rubrum 19(20%), T. verrucosum 11(11.57%) and T. violaceum 11(11.57%)], followed by Microsporum species [M. gypseum 10(10.52), M. canis, 7 (7.36%) and M. nanum 6(6.31%) all rated from high to low incidence. Tinea unguium was the most common 31(32.63%) clinical type of dermatophytosis encountered in our study, as compared to other types like tinea pedis 23 (24.21%) , tinea capitis 20(21.05%), tinea mannum 13(13.68%), tinea barbae 5(5.26%) and tinea corporis 3(3.15%). The study also shows that the incidence of Dermatophytosis is higher in females with 61(64.21%) case, compared to males with 34(35.79%) case.

Key words Dermatophytes, Dermatophytosis

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-61 Studying of Certain Immunological Parameters in the Province of Babylon for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar1,*, Zahraa Haleem1 and Mohammed Naser Hussian2

1Department of Pathological - Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2College of medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease with variable clinical presentation. SLE can affect all organs and the involvement of major organs can be life threatening. Lupus can affect many parts of the body, including the joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain. The exact pathological mechanisms of SLE remain elusive, and the etiology of SLE is known to be multifactorial (Mokbel et al., 2015).

The study subjects comprised from 30 patients suffer from SLE randomly collected from Merjan teaching hospital (28 female and 2 male) as SLE patients group with age average (10-50 year), the control group study included 15 people apparently healthy that included (9 male and 6 female) with age average (20-50 year), this the control group group matched with the patient group.

The study subjects comprised from 30 patients suffer from SLE randomly collected from Merjan teaching hospital (28 female and 2 male) as SLE patients group with age average (10-50 year), the control group study included 15 people apparently healthy that included (9 male and 6 female) with age average (20-50 year), this the control group group matched with the patient group.

Patients with SLE were divided by age into groups. The age group (11-20) was the first age group, the infection rate was 13.4%, while the second age group (21-30) the infection rate was 26.6%, the third age (31- 40) the infection rate was 46.6%, was the highest, and the fourth age group (41-50) the infection rate was 13.4%,

Objectives & Methodology: The study subjects comprised from 30 patients suffer from SLE randomly selected from Merjan teaching hospital (28 female and 2 male) as SLE patients group with age average (10- 50 year), the control group study included 15 people apparently healthy that included (9 male and 6 female) with age average (20-50 year), this the control group matched with the patient group.

The included patients according to the 1982 revised systemic lupus erythematosus classification criteria that include malar rash, discoid rash photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, serositis, renal disorder, neurologic disorder, hematologic disorder, immunologic disorder, antinuclear antibody.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Estimation of C-reactive protein (CRP) : The level of C-reactive protein was estimated for SLE patients and healthy as per manufacturer's instructions.

Estimation of ANA and Quantitative estimation of serum Immunoglobulins: Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) or Mancini method was used. The principle of action was to show a quantitative relationship between the antigen present in the agarose gel and the antibodies found in the serum. The test was performed according to the instructions of the processed company.

Results: Results of distribution of study groups by sex showed rate of infection in female was relatively higher than males 93.3%, 6.7% respectively. And the overall duration of SLE was (73.3%) of SLE patients suffered from the disease for less than five years duration. (53.4%) of SLE patients were complained from Rash of different body parts.

Results of ANA test: As the positive result of this test represents ( 80%) of patients, while (20%) of patients have a negative result. While the results of the measurement of the concentration of the C-reactive protein showed an increase in the concentration of the age group.

The distribution of SLE patients by immunoglobulin showed the mean IgG was highest among patients with SLE (1203.05±5.08) mg/dl, while, the mean IgA was highest (125.9±4.35) mg/dL. The mean IgM was among patients (45.6±4.25) m g/dL.

Conclusions: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus disease is more common among females than males, Patients with SLE disease have elevated levels of ANA and CRP.In this study, we have shown the differential expression of IgG, IgM, and IgA ANAs in SLE patients.

Key words Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ANA test, C-reactive protein, Immunoglobulin

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-65 Antibody to Aquaporin 4 in the Diagnosis of Iraqi Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica

Eman Sh. AL- Obeidy

Head Of Dialysis Center Lab, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of autoimmune aetiology. Early differentiation of NMO from MS and other inflammatory and demyelinating diseases of the CNS is highly desirable. A serum autoantibody (AQP-4 Ab) binding to CNS microvessels, pia, subpia, and Virchow-Robin spaces was recently identified in patients with NMO, using indirect immunofluorescence.

Objectives & Methodology: To see the frequency of Aquaporin-4 antibody in neuromyelitis optica and NMO spectrum and its relation to CSF AQP-4 Ab, EDSS, optic involvement and disease relapse rate in a sample of Iraqi patients. This is a randomized cross-sectional study of patients with NMO who visited the neurological department in Baghdad teaching hospital and AL Yarmouk teaching hospital. The study extended from September 2017 to October 2018. Twenty patients were enrolled in the study, from each a detailed medical history had been taken, thorough physical examination was done. Blood samples were sending for AQP4 Ab by using indirect immunoflourecent assay, CRP and ESR. Also CSF samples were taken to assess AQP4 ab. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). EDSS were calculated, Brain and spinal cord MRI, were done to all patients. A revised criterion was used for diagnosis of NMO.

Results: The study had included 20 patients with NMO that diagnosed according the revise criteria. The mean age of patients was (23.9± 9) year old. Seventeen (85%) were females and only three (15%) were male. Sixteen patients (80%) of NMO patients were positive blood AQP4 Ab with mean EDSS (5.41±6). Of those with positive blood AQP4 Ab, 11 (68.75%) were positive CSF AQP4 Ab and 5 (31.25 %) of them were negative. Four (20 %) patients of 20 were negative blood AQP4 Ab; all of them were negative CSF AQP4 Ab, with mean EDSS (2.9±4). Our study shows that patients with blood and CSF AQP4 Ab positive have more relapse rate than that of negative AQP4 Ab. Patients with positive blood AQP4 Ab show more optic atrophy than that of negative AQP4 Ab and patients with negative blood and CSF AQP4 Ab have only optic neuritis.

Conclusions: The majority of our patients with NMO were AQP-4 Ab +ve, all seronegative patients were CSF AQP- 4 Ab -ve. Patients with positive blood AQP-4 Ab show more optic atrophy than that of negative AQP-4 Ab and patients with negative blood and CSF AQP-4 Ab have only optic Atrophy.

Key words

Anti Aquaporine-4 Antibody, Neuromyelitis Optica

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-66 Effectiveness of a single injection of Pr- IONPS in treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Majida A.J. Al-Qayim1 and Ryaidh Sh Al Hussain2

1Department of Physiology, biochemistry, and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

2Ministry of Science and Technology, Director of Material Research, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Background: Of the most important health problems that disrupt public health, whether in human or animal is the Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The bone marrow was red blood cells production is the most suffering tissue from iron deficiency. Here, finding a quick and effective solution has become a target for professionals. There for the present study aimed to investigate the biogenic Pr- IONPS, with small size, low harmful, less expensive, and highly effective, to rehomeostasis bone marrow and improve red blood cells indices in iron deficiency anaemia. Objectives & Methodology: Fifty weaning age female rats were divided into, control group( 10 rats), fed on IAD (40 mg iron /kg diet ), the others fed on IDD( 5-10 mg iron / kg diet ) for two months, the IDD group then sub divided in to 4 groups and treated as following, 1st group Iron deficiency anaemia group (IDA),2nd group, Iron deficient anaemia rats treated I/P with two dosages of Pr-lONPs (iron:30mg /kg B.W) at 10 days interval,(lDA2X), 3rd group Iron deficient anaemia rats treated I/P with single double dosage of Pr-lONPs ( iron: 60mg /kg B.W ) magnetic nanoparticles.,(lDAX2), 4th group Iron deficient anaemia rats treated with multiple I/P injection (IDAD) of Iron Dextran (iron:30mg /kg B.W) each 72 hours. Results: Results revealed that after 30 days of treatment anaemic animals with the new Pr-lONPs, showed that bone marrow hypocellularity and the significantly decreased in M / E ratio of IDA, were recorrected to semi normal appearance by Pr-lONPs and iron dextran. In addition, erythrocyte indices 1-1b, PCV, RBC, MCH and MCI- IC were significantly improved. Liver, spleen, and intestine histopathological examination revealed that IDA caused deleterious changes due to tissue hypoxia, these changes were ameliorated after Pr-lONPs treatment. Conclusions: Results refers to a the effectiveness of this novel, less cost, and health friendly propolis — IONPs in rehomeostasis the iron mechanism and could be consider the appropriate solution to the problem of iron deficiency anaemia when compared with iron dextrin, which requires several injections. Key words Iron oxide nanoparticle, Iron deficiency anemia, RBCs indices, Bone marrow, Hemosidrine.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-71 Effect of Exogenous Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Developing Tooth- Immunohistochemical Study

Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi and Mohammed Faris

Dentistry Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The neurotrophins are a family of closely related proteins include brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that was identified as control factors for a number of aspects of biological activity and function of other tissues including involvement of growth factor and their expression in developing tissue.

Objectives & Methodology: Twenty pregnant rats, ten of them injected (I.M) with normal saline, other ten received three doses of 0.1 ml of BDNF, at intervals (0,7,14 day of gestation period). Then embryos at 16th and 18thintra-uterine life were used for histological study of tooth development and immunohistochemical evaluation of TGF-beta 1.

Results: Results illustrated an enhancement of tooth germ development, as the experimental group shows tooth germ at cap to bell stage at 16th day IUL and advanced bell stage at 18th day of IUL. A high significant difference for the mean of positive dental cells that expressed of TGFβ1 for experimental group in comparison to control.

Conclusions: The study suggests that BDNF contributes to promoting the differentiation of dental cells specifically dental pulp and accelerated tooth staging. It effects also on expression of TGFβ1.

Key words

Brain derived neurotrophic factor, Tooth germ, Dental cell, Tooth stage, Embryogenesis, TGFβ1.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-73 Leishmaniasis and ecological risk factors in marshlands of Iraq

Hind Mahdi Jarallah

Marine Science Center, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasias is a parasitic disease of man and animals, transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand fly. Iraq is considered to be one of the endemic regions in leishmaniasis. There are not effective and safe medications, the prevention is very important to stop transmission the disease. Iraqi southern marshes which form a triangle region bound by three major southern cities, Thi-Qar to the west, Maysan to the northeast and Basrah to the south. The three major marshes: Al-Hammar, the Central marshes and Al-Huwaiza marshes form the core of the marshlands of southern Iraq.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aimed to determine the main risk factors that increased the infection with leishmaniasis such as: socio-economic status, malnutrition, population transposes, environmental and climate changes. Full information of apparently healthy children were collected from one of the parents, such as age, sex, the education of the mother and father, the building materials of the houses, full address, presence or absence of dogs, jackals, domestic animals and rodents.

Results: Sand flies were reported in the marshes environmental of Basrah, Maysan and Thi-Qar provinces 100%. The percentage distribution of dog reaches to 100% in Maysan and Thi-Qar, while in Basrah it reaches to 81%. There are significant differences (p<0.05) among environmental variables in all three provinces.

Conclusions: The climate is the main risk factor for leishmaniasis dissemination; temperature and humidity are the two most important climatic factors for sand fly survival, development and activity.

Key words

Leishmaniasis, Risk factors, Iraq marshlands

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-74 Major Histocompatibility Complex Gene Polymorphism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Mona N. Al-Terehi1, Zahraa H. Alqiam2, Methak J. Al-Jboori3 and Israa Abdullhaleem1

1College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.

2Pathological laboratory technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

3College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The major histocompatibility complex (MIC) is one of the MHC class I related genes which related with autoimmune diseases.

Objectives & Methodology: The present study aims to investigated association between MIC gene polymorphism in systematic lupus erythrymatous patients in Hilla city, these study implemented using whole blood genomic DNA using single strand DNA conformation polymorphism (SSCP).

Results: The results of present study show that 190 bp of MIC gene has more than eight haplotypes observed in patients several of these haplotypes association with disease and other didn’t relation with SLE.

Conclusions: The present study concluded that MIC gene may be having role in the immunity of SLE in Iraqi patients. This study was one of the serious investigators deal with several immune genes in this disease in Iraqi SLE.

Key words

Major histocompatibility complex, Systematic lupus erythrymatous, SSCP, Gene polymorphisms.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-75 ZnO Nanostructures for Medical Applications Forat H. Alsultanya* and Yassin H. Khadima Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, lraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductor one dimension 1D nanorods have been shown to have biocompatibility, low-toxicity, low-cost and fantastic luminescent properties. ZnO nanomaterial have turned into one of the main candidates for diagnostic and therapeutic functions, drug delivery, bio-imaging which includes dual-modality imaging, magnetic resonance, as well as fluorescence. It has been recently developed surface to value ratio of ZnO films for the fabrication of biosensors with improved analytical performance.

Objectives & Methodology: This paper, facilitates epitaxial nucleation and growth of high density vertically aligned ZnO nanowires with high length investigated by intermittently pumped carrier gas using thermal evaporation method.

Key words

ZnO, Nanostructures

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-78 The Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin D Foki Receptor Gene Polymorphism of Anemic Patients in Babylon-Province

Asma'a H. Mohamed1, Haider K. Zaidan2 and Ali H. Al-Saadi3

1Department of Radiology Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Departement of scholarships and Cultural Relations, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, Iraq

3Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D is a crucial prohormone for hemopoiesis especially the active metabolites calcitriol which plays the key role in this process. Gene polymorphism of vitamin D (FokI) receptor gene has been proposed as the major cause of anaemia.

Objectives & Methodology: Study the relationship between gene polymorphism of vitamin D (FokI) receptor gene and anaemia, with study the correlations with some physiological parameters. A case-control study including 120 anaemia patients without any kidney disorders have been compared with 60 healthy control subjects. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) FokI was detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.

Results: The allele and genotype frequencies of this SNP were find out by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in anaemia and control groups. The genetic variation of FokI showed a significant relationship with anaemia.

Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D FokI receptor gene polymorphism markedly influence the process of blood synthesis in anaemia patients, and also influence the levels of some physiological criteria such as erythropoietin levels.

Key words

Calcitriol, Hemopoiesis, Vitamin D deficiency, Vitamin D FokI receptors gene polymorphism, Anaemia.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-80 Development of an Extended-Release Exenatide Once a Week Depot Formulation

Jabar A Faraj1, Shaimaa M. Mohammed1, Khulood M. Alsaraf2, Sabah Nema Al- Thamer1, Sharon Ward3 and K. Burton4

1Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq. 2Al-Israa University College, Baghdad, Iraq. 3Evonik Corporation – Birmingham Laboratories, Birmingham, AL 35211, USA 4Cold Stream development laboratories, Lexington, Kentucky, USA E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Bydureon™ (RLD), the Exenatide extended release formulation depot, has been approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA for a once - weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exenatide is a synthetic version of exendin-4 with biological properties similar to human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist. In order to achieve enhanced therapeutic efficacy for a prolonged period of time and reduce the need for frequent injections, recent investigations have focused on development of long- acting drug delivery systems, such as poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres(PLGA-Ms), in order to achieve enhanced drug bioavailability, sustained drug release, and reduced frequency of injections.

Objectives & Methodology: The purpose of this work was to demonstrate Evonik’s capabilities using its know-how to develop the processes for exenatide loaded microparticles that matches marketed product, Bydureon™. This report demonstrates that typical challenges such as initial burst, particle size distribution, and matching in vivo – in vitro profiles have been achieved successfully. The microparticles were produced by phase separation process, collected, followed by downstream processing and drying. Various parameters of the process were modified based on Evonik’s know how to achieve the desired product. Microparticles for the four Evonik lots and RLD were characterized for the particle size, drug content, and In vitro. A pharmacokinetic (PK) study in Sprague-Dawley rats was conducted for the four Evonik lots and one lot for RLD (Bydureon™) for comparison. In addition, Surface characterization SEM was conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Results: RLD IVR profile includes minimum initial burst, lag period of ~3 weeks, and sigmoid release profile during the release phase. At the initial development stage, Evonik produced formulation meet these criteria. Further optimization can be implemented to refine the process. In vivo results show the resulting plasma concentration profiles of the reference product lot in comparison to an Evonik-produced lot. The ratio of area under curve (AUC) of Evonik formulation compared to RLD is 1.08. This result indicates the in vivo release profile of the Evonik produced formulation is similar to RLD.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Conclusions: Evonik produced exenatide loaded microparticles using its know-how that demonstrates low to no initial burst, drug content, and participle size distribution similar to RLD. Most importantly, in vivo release profile of the Evonik formulation is similar to RLD.

Key words

RLD (Reference Listed Drug), IVR (In Vitro Release Study).

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-81 The Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of Citrus Maxima Fruit Peel Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Shaimaa M. Mohammed1, Haithm Khlaf2, Ahmed Majeed3 and Samer Iset1

1Clinical Chemistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq 2Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Israa University, Jordan 3Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Consumption of fruits plays a vital role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Fruits are known to be rich sources of polyphynolic compounds, particularly flavonoids. The health benefits of flavonoids, including antioxidant, antithrombotic, antibiotic, anticancer and vasodilatory. Previous phytochemical studies showed that pomelo peels contain an abundance of bioactive compounds such as flavonoid and pectin. Pomelo peel may improve lipid profiles and alleviate hypertension in high fat diet induce obese rats.

Objectives & Methodology: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of aqueous alcoholic pomelo peel extract on blood glucose and lipid profile in experimental animals.

 Collection of citrus fruit peels - According to the method reported by previous researchers with slight modifications, aqueous ethanolic extract for pomelo fruit peels was prepared by soaking 10 g of dry powder of citrus maxima in 100 ml ethanol-water(80:20 v/v) .  Experimental animals - Forty male waster albino rats weighing between 180-250 g were used in this study.  Induction of diabetes mellitus - DM was induced in all the animals group except normal control group by single intraperitonial shot of streptozotocin STZ (65 mg/kg) dissolved in citrate buffer ( ph 4.5) . At the end of the study, days 21, animals from each group sacrificed and blood samples were collected in plain tubes without ethylene tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were allowed to stand for 30 minutes and clotted.

Results and Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that Citrus maxima extract possesses significant antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by decreasing blood glucose levels and maintaining body weight and serum lipid concentrations to approximate normal.

Key words

Diabetes, glucose tolerance, Citrus maxima fruit peel, Streptozotocin

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-82 Lysyl Oxidase, Hypoxia Inducible Factor –1 Alpha and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase as Possible Biological Markers in Bladder Cancer

Shaimaa M. Mohammed1,*, Shatha H. Ali2, Jabar A Faraj3, Sabah Neama AL- Thamer4, Ihab I. Al – Kaliffa5 and Mohammed S. Kamalf4

1Department of Clinical Chemistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. 2Department of Clinical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy Baghdad University, Hilla, Iraq. 3Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. 4Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. 5Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Several molecules and pathways have been identified to be linked to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer; while major efforts was directed to characterize molecular alterations to improve disease prognostication, only a few biomarkers of potential clinical relevance have been identified thus far. The present study is aimed to estimate the possible contribution of LOX (Lysyl Oxidase), HIF-1α (Hypoxia Inducible Factor -1 alpha), and iNOS (Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase) isoform, to transitional bladder carcinoma (TBC), by studying the tissue expression of these markers in bladder cancer patients with different grades and comparing results to that of controls. In addition to evaluating the correlation between studied markers.

Objectives & Methodology: Forty-six patients with histologically confirmed TBC cases (12 females and 34 males), constitute the Disease Study Group, these were divided into high grade patient study group; consist of 26 patient, and low grade patient study group; consist of 20 patients. To be compared to a disease control study group, including 20 subjects with no documented malignancy, and other 20 apparently healthy control group. Tissue expression of HIF-1α, LOX and iNOS were performed by immunohistochemistry techniques.

Results: Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrates positive tissue immunoreactivities of HIF-α, LOX and iNOS in total TBC patient and tissue controls, the later demonstrate no tissue expressions for HIF-1α and LOX nuclear expressions. LOX and iNOS immuno-reactivities were significantly higher as compared to that of controls in total TBC cases. Significant differences were observed between high grade and low grades TBC groups concerning HIF-1α, LOX cytoplasmic and nuclear expressions (P < 0.05). Furthermore, significant differences present as comparing high and low grades mean IRS of cytoplasmic - LOX and iNOS expressions with that of controls (p < 0.05). HIF-1α is found to correlate with both cytoplasmic and nuclear LOX expressions in total TBC cases (r=0.6, r=0.745) respectively, and only with nuclear LOX expression in high grade cases(r=0.696). Strong correlations were observed between cytoplasmic and nuclear LOX expressions in the three studied groups.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Conclusions: Tissue LOX may have an interesting roles, it can discriminate between different grades, correlates with hypoxia and inflammatory states, giving the possibility of using it as prognostic or follow up marker. HIF-1α plays a putative role. Interesting link is observed between HIF-1α and both LOX and iNOS, suggesting an important roles in regulating angiogenesis and cancer metastasis with additional promising role in controlling the disease by inhabiting its expression or that of genes that it signed.

Key words

Lysyl Oxidase, HIF-1α, Bladder Cancer.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-83 Obesity Prevalence among the College Students

Ali S. Al-Arajy*, Wafaa H. Ajam and Farah Safaa

Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Objectives & Methodology: The age range of all of the sampled students was ≥ 18 and ≤ 30 years, but the age of more than 75% of the studied sample was more than 20 years.

Results: The result of the present research showed that the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity categories in the student population were 33.34% and 10.67% respectively. When the two categories are compared on sex bases. It was found that the two rates tended to be higher for females.

Conclusions: Graphene offers the possibility to prepare countless number of multifunctional nanocomposites or nanohybrids through incorporation/assembling of functional building blocks, opening new avenues for delivery of various therapeutics. The use of NIR irradiation is very advantageous as most of biological molecules are transparent to this irradiation, thus limiting their inactivation/denaturation.

Key words

Obesity, BMI, Obesity Causes.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-85 Determination of Sugar (F.B.S and R.B.S) with Study of the Effect Lipid Profile Levels in Diabetics and Non- Diabetics

Salam Mohammed Nasser and Sarah Abd-AlRheem Ali

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract

Objectives & Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine level of blood sugar(fasting ,Random) and to evaluate changes in lipid profile levels in diabetic and non- diabetic males and females with special emphasis on the role of lipid profile in assessing the cardiovascular risk. Study was conducted in the age group 20 – 80 years were selected randomly. Biochemical analysis was done on all the selected 100 samples (the 45 were diabetic (blood sugar more than 110 mg/dl) and 45 were non-diabetic in each class). FBS was estimated using glucose oxides method. T.G and HDL cholesterol were determined by an analytical method based on the sequence of reactions

Results: Found the mean values of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL cholesterol for diabetic males and females were higher than their non-diabetic counterparts, and HDL cholesterol values were found to be lower than the non-diabetics.

Key words

Diabetes, Cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesetrol, Triglyceride.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-87

Antidiabetic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and its Effect on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Elaf Abd Al-Ameer Alrubaie1,*, Rihab Edan Kadhim2 and Ali Hmood Muhsin Al-Saadi2

1Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq 2Department of Biology, College of Science- University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: A person with high blood sugar suffered from diabetes mellitus which remembered of metabolic diseases, due to less production of insulin, or there are defect in cells that respond to the insulin. The role of metals in metabolism of glucose in the body and associated with diabetes deficiency were demonstrated by many researches such zinc which play a mature role in maintenance of blood sugar levels that make it essential things used in diabetes therapy, where Zinc play a mature role in many metabolic pathways such as metabolism of glucose and stimulates hepatic glycogenesis by affecting on pathways of insulin.

Objectives & Methodology: The Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) green syntheses were prepared using olea europaea extract as a bio-reducing agent. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by several techniques UV-vis-spectrophotometric, FTIR, XRD, EDAX and FESEM. Twenty-five male albino rats 2-3 months were used. Animals were grouped as follows: control; received no type of treatment, diabetic; received a single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan (130 mg/kg), diabetic treated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) received single daily oral dose of 10 mg/kg ZnONPs in suspension, diabetic treated with ZnONPs 10 mg/kg in suspension and olive leaves extract received 400 mg/kg single daily oral dose and diabetic treated with olive leaves extract received 400 mg/kg single subcutaneous dose.

Results: Diabetics treated with a combination of zinc oxide nanoparticles ZnONPs 10 mg/kg + 400 mg / kg olive leaves extract induce significantly reduced blood glucose activity and increased body weight as compared to the diabetic group. Whereas the results showed no significant difference (P≤0.05) between normal group and diabetic group treated with combination of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) 10 mg/kg + olive leaves extract 400 mg/kg in diabetic rats. This indicates that zinc oxide nanoparticles act as antidiabetic agents.

Conclusions: Biological method using olive plant leaves extract showed ability to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles and acts as a reducing agent to reduce Zn+2 to nanosize particles. ZnONPs have been more powerful in reducing blood glucose and increasing body weight in diabetic rats.

Key words

ZnO nanoparticles, Alloxan induction, Body weight, Fasting Blood Glucose, GLUT-2 gene, Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-88 Prevalence of Chickenpox under Ten Years during the Last Five Years in Hilla City

Rasha Fadhel Obaid1,*, Nada Khazal Kadhim Hindi2, Mohammed Malih Radhi3,

Shatha Khazal Kadhim Hindi4 and Rana Fadhil Obaid5

1Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq 2Department of Basic and Medical Science, College of Nursing, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq 3Kut Technical Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq 4Fatima Al- Zahraa Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq 5Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Background: Chickenpox is an infection transmitted by the respiratory tract, causing itching and rash with small blisters filled with fluids. It also easily moves from one person to another and may cause pneumonia, brain infection, dehydration and sepsis. The study aim: to assess the prevalence of chickenpox and associated with age and gender among under 10 years. Objectives & Methodology: A descriptive study design is conducted retrospectively for the last 5 years ago in Hilla City. By a convenience sample of (N=156) was collected five years from (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018) and was for all years for children diagnosed with chickenpox. As a medical records of statistic considered a study tools. Through the used descriptive and inferential statistic, data were analysed. Results: The study findings depicts that the years of 2017 were records the highest percentage among years. The most of infection were target the age groups (5-9) years, it composed (37.8%), (62.8%) were male gender. As well as, there is a non-significant association between the time of prevalence and infected patients their age and gender at p-value >0.05. Conclusions: There is an inter-annual response to the infection and there were longer the age the increasing the infection for males gender more than females. Its need to be conducted further studies in a national level to assess the associated factors with chickenpox infection in different areas of country (rural-urban). Key words Prevalence, Chickenpox, Under Ten Years.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-89

Correlation between Premenstrual Syndrome and Body Mass Index in Medical students at Al- Mustaqbal University College, Babylon-Iraq

Ahmed Majeed, Ashraf Alnattah*and Saja Jasem

Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the occurrence of cyclical somatic, psychological and emotional symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve by the time menstruation ceases and is a common problem among young women, resulting in a decline in their performance level and quality of life. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure for human body shape based on an individual’s weight and height, which is an individual’s body mass divided by the square of their height kg/m2

Objectives & Methodology: Aim: To determine the prevalence of (PMS) and the relationship between the BMI and the PMS and the exacerbating and relieving factors among female students at Al-Mustaqbal University College. Method: A cross-sectional study has been conducted on 90 female Medical students from 2nd Jan 2018 to 10th April 2018. All the participants have been given a self-explanatory questionnaire related to PMS and BMI. All data has been managed and analyzed using manual statistical methods.

Results: The total number of female students enrolled in the study was 90. The majority of the 76 (84.4%) have experienced PMS. The association of PMS was observed with an abnormality in BMI, with 7 (87.5%) and 17 (89.4%) of total number coinciding with decrease and increase BMI, respectively. So, the highest risk of menstrual abnormalities founded to be underweight and overweight Ladies. This evidence is variable according to age and onset of menses.

Conclusions: The pattern of PMS in young ladies is generally similar to the pattern in the developing countries in terms of age. There is a direct correlation between the incidence of PMS and abnormal BMI. Regular monitoring of body weight during each menstrual cycle must be considered and educational programs toward society should be emphasized.

Key words

PMS, BMI, Medical Students, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-90 The Effects of Smoking on Packed Cell Volume among Smoker Males in Al-Hilla City

Rawaa M. Mohammed1,*, Ahmed Aljamal2 and Imad K. Abbas3

1Department of Anaesthesia Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Medical Physics, Al-Nusoor University College, Baghdad, Iraq

2Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Present study including 100 samples (adult males), and collected 50 blood samples from adult smoker males and 50 blood samples from adult non-smoker males during period (2nd January 2019 – 1st March 2019), are collected from Al-Hilla city, and the samples among present study included adult males in age (20-50 years).

Objectives & Methodology: 50 blood samples collected from smoker adult males and 50 blood samples collected from non-smoker adult males, after that blood samples were pulled into red capillary tubes and placed in the centrifuge for 30 min. in / 3000 cycles per minute and then the blood viscosity (PCV) was measured by using a standard laboratory ruler.

Results: A positive correlation between cigarette consumption and packed cell volume (PCV) was found in smoker males.

Conclusions: There are significant changes in packed cell volume between smoker males and non-smoker males (P>0.001).

Key words

PCV, Smoker males, Non-smoker.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-91 Antifungal Activity of Combination of Medicinal Plant Extracts with Terbinafine through Regulating Subtilisin Virulence Genes

Maryam Q.H. Khazia1 and Jawad K. Abood Al-Janabi1,2,*

1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq. 2Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Microsporum canis is a zoophilic dermatophyte global distribution resulting to human as well as animal dermatophytosis. Zoophilic agent causes tenea corporis and tinea capitis in the human beings. Several proteases of this pathogen have been considered as a potential virulence factors.

Objectives & Methodology: The current study aimed to investigate the antifungal and synergistic effects of Pimpinella anisum and Moringa oleifera with terbinafine on growth and on the presence of subtilisin proteases (SUB1-3 genes) in M. canis. Subtilisin proteases (SUB1-3 genes) were assayed by PCR amplification techniques under the effect of above circumstances of combinations with specific primers were conducted to identify M. canis.

Results: The extracts of both plants were significantly reduced the colony growth of M. canis in particular at 40 mg/ml. But, the inhibitory effect of P. anisum was greater than that in M. oleifera. In contrast, the results of combination experiment between P. anisum and M. oleifera and / or antibiotic (Terbinafine) revealed substantial effect on growth of this pathogen along the time of experiment. Since, the lowest growth of M. canis was reported in M. oleifera + P. anisum + Terbinafine (M+P+T)- (3.4 cm) followed by P+T (3.6 cm) then M+T (3.8 cm) and the T treatment (4.1 cm) come after then P+M (5.5 cm) compared with untreated one (7.1cm). The results indicated the presence of subtilisin virulence genes in M. canis DNA, since the three types of subtilisin genes (SUBs) that coding for serine proteases were recorded by giving positive results of PCR products that observed in different fragments of SUB1 (609bp), SUB2(1120bp), and SUB3(1324bp). Three subtypes of subtilisin genes (SUBs), coding for serine proteases, were identified by PCR.

Conclusions: It will be concluded that the present study could be improved to substantial aspect and application of new curative equipment to curb the adherence of fungal mycelia to human skin as the plant extracts exhibited a potent antifungal property.

Key words

Microsporum canis, Pimpinella anisum, Moringa oleifera, Antifungal activity, Subtilisin Genes.

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Oral Presentation-AB-92 Combination Efficiency of Antifungal Agent with Culture Filtrates of Two Basiomycetes Fungi on Growth and on Virulence Factor (Citrate and Isocitrate Genes) of Trichophyton Rubrum

Marwa H. Abdullah1 and Jawad K .AL-Janabi2,* 1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq

2Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon and AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Background: Trichophyton rubrum is a dermatophytic, colonizes the upper layers of dead skin, and is the most common cause of athlete's foot, fungal infection of nail, jock itch, and ringworm worldwide. Objectives & Methodology: Aim: The experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of combination between Terbinafine and filtrates of basidiomycetes fungi (Marasmius palmivorus and Pleurotus ostreatus) on growth and on virulence factors in particular on citrate and isocitrate genes of the clinical isolate T. rubrum. Method: T. rubrum was genotypically identified and combination efficiency of terbinafine with P. ostreatus and M. palmivours filtrates on growth and on virulence factor (citrate and isocitrate genes) of T. rubrum were determined using Real-Time PCR. Results: The molecular tests confirmed the identification of T. rubrum isolate, and the filtrates of M. palmivours and P. ostreatus were significantly inhibited the growth of T. rubrum at different concentrations (3, 6, 9 and 12 %). RT-PCR experiments were revealed that basidiomycetes filtrates were markedly affected gene expression by down regulate the isocitrate and citrate genes in T. rubrum. Conclusions: We concluded that this results is the first study revealed the role of combination experiment for down regulation of virulence factors as antifungal targets. Also, the results suggested that the filtrates of both fungi might be a potential source of new antimicrobial agents and could be valuable as an alternative drug against T. rubrum. Key words Trichophyton rubrum, Gene expression, P. ostreatus, M. palmivours, Filtrates activity.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-96 Serodiagnosis of Aborted and Normal Women Afflicted with (Torch) Infection in Duhok City/Iraq

Manal Adil Murad1, Souzan H. Eassa2,*, Adel T. M. Al-Saeed3

1Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. 2Department of Anatomy and Biology Histology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. 3Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: TORCH are infectious pathogens caused by (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus, and other pathogens such as B virus antigen and syphilis) during the gestation period. The infection might lead to fetal abnormalities or abortion.

Objectives & Methodology: Current study was done to detect TORCH pathogens in addition to hepatitis B virus and syphilis antigens in women with a previous history of recurrent abortion using serological test in Duhok city. A direct rapid test was used as a serological method for the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against TORCH pathogens as well as the seropositivity of HBV antigen and syphilis. A total of 90 pregnant women with bad obstetric history were included in the current study throughout the period of April–August 2017 in Duhok City/ Kurdistan Region/Iraq.

Results: The total seropositivity of anti-pathogens (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes virus) were 19/90(21.1%), 17/90(18.9), 16/90(17.8), 16/90(17.8%) and for HBs Ag 3/90 (3.3%) and syphilis 1/90(1.1%) respectively. The IgM and IgG seropositivity to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes viruses were (13.3% and 7.8%), (10.0% and 8.9%), (10.0% and 7.8%), and (10.0% and 7.8%) respectively. Seroprevalence of anti-pathogens IgG and IgM antibodies associated with socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were indicated in the results section.

Conclusions: A previous history of pregnancy wastage and the serological test for TORCH infection in addition to HBs Ag and syphilis during current pregnancy must be considered while managing BOH cases as to reduce the adverse fetal outcomes, the early diagnosis of TORCH using serological methods is highly significant.

Key words

Aborted women, Normal pregnant women, TORCH, Duhok city.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-101 CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP) and Microsatellite Instability MSI correlation with Clinical and morphological feature of Colorectal Cancer in Iraq patients

Basim Mohammed Hanon1, Nidhal Abd Al-Mohaimen Mohammad2 and Aqeel Shakir Mahmood3

1Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq. 2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. 3College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in the Western world. Worldwide, approximately 1, 2 million people developed colorectal cancer in 2008 and the disease related mortality was about 36%. The disease affects slightly more men than women and sporadic colon cancer is considered to be a disease of the elderly with a median age at diagnosis of 70 years. More than 90% of the colorectal cancers occur sporadically, which means that affected patients do not have a family history of colon cancer.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aims to identify for the first time in Iraq, types of MSI and CIMP and correlation in sample of CRC Iraqi patients. Specimens, were collected from GIT center, Baghdad hospital and private hospitals. In the period from 1-4-2013 to 1-2-2014, which more than three biopsies were obtained from grossly tumor areas, and surgery specimens obtain after surgery tumor removal both specimens from surgery and biopsies were fixed with 10% buffered formalinized saline, for preparation the paraffin embedded tissue blocks to histological molecular diagnostic methods DNA extraction from FFEP. Histological evaluation specimens, slides from fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks were stained with haematoxylin – eosin stain and subsequently evaluated by an experienced pathologist.

Results: Assessment of CIMP, for all colorectal carcinoma examined, the rate of methylation loci, CIMP high is 36.17%, while the CIMP low and the CIMP neg were registered in 25.53%, and 38.29%. The internal control of methylation collagen2 was appeared in 90 bp. This confirms that the methylation locus was indeed tumor specific analysis in normal mucosa was performed from cancer in this study.

Conclusions: Accumulating evidence has been suggested that MSI-high tumors are associated with good prognosis. CRC patients with MSI-H CRC status have better prognosis compared to non-MSI tumors, particularly among young patients.

Key words

CpG Island methylator phenotype, Microsatellite instability, Clinical, Colorectal cancer

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-102 Relationship between Placentitis in Aborted Women Infected with B. abortus and B.melitensis and Steroid Hormones Level Ali Anok Njum

AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Abortion is the most obvious manifestation of Brucella infection. Brucella prefer cattle placenta due to high concentration of erythritol sugar, while human placenta there is no erythritol sugar only steroid hormone, for this reason designed the our project

Objectives & Methodology: In this study, 100 aborted women were included, where referred to maternity and children hospital offal-Muthana province, Iraq. Diagnosis of Brucella infection in these abortions was based on serological, bacteriological and molecular technique. Serological studies included the use of RB and ELISA tests.

Results: Aggressive differences between RB and ELISA results have been shown. Brucella isolated and identified from aborted placenta and blood samples were 7 (7%) isolates from aborted women. Hormonal assessment by Immunohistochemical technique in Brucella infected women, showed significant decrease in progesterone expression in comparison with that aborted due to other causes, in other hand Brucella infected women showed high expression in estrogen hormones. ELISA technique was the valuable serological test to confirm the diagnosis of brucellosis as compared with RB test.

Conclusions: Placental and immunohistochemical, assessments for steroid hormones (progesterone) have an efficient diagnostic values which can be included for confirmation of brucellosis because high infinity of Brucella for steroid hormones.

Key words

Brucella, Aborted women, Placenta and Steroids hormones.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-107 Determination of PAHs Concentration in Some Types of Phoenix Dactylifera L. Samples from Al-Diwaniyah Markets by Using Soxhlet and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy Technique

Hazim A. Walli1 and Faiq F. Karam2

1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. 2Department of Environment, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group consisting of more than 100 chemicals that are formed during incomplete combustion of coal, oil, gas, garbage, or other organic materials such as tobacco or grilled meat. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are fused rings of benzene consist of two or more. PAHs are chemical compounds consist of two combined aromatic rings or more in clustered or linear arrangement. These compounds are hydrophobic, toxic, non-polar, water solubility, high stability, high melting point, and low vapor pressure. The number of aromatic rings in the Skelton of PAHs effect on some properties like solubility, volatility and hydrophobicity where the solubility and volatility increase and the hydrophobicity decrease with the increasing the number of aromatic rings. US-EPA (United State- Environmental Protection Agency), FDA (Food and Drug, NOAA (National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, and EUPP (European Union priority Pollutants) have been classified sixteen PAHs as pollutant compounds because of the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties that they have in their natures. The International Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that the average air-to-air ratio for coal tar products should not exceed 3 for a 10-hour working day and within a week of 1.0 mg / m of work of 40 hours. There are other limits imposed on on-site exposure to items containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as coal, coal tar, and mineral oil. However, these tests cannot explain whether any health effects will occur or not, or appear the extent for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or their source. The main source of food crops pollution with polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons is deposition of these compounds. Heavy mass of PAHs are associate particular matter such as dust while those compound consist of two or three rings are predominantly present in vapor phase. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can degrade through their interaction with sunlight and other chemicals circulating in the atmosphere over a period of days to weeks or by using adsorbent surfaces. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons seep through wastewater from industrial wastewater treatment plants and wastewater. The aim of this work is to study the concentrations of poly aromatic hydrocarbons in three types of dates that are marketed in Iraq, which were collected in the city of Al-Diwaniyah, central Iraq, where the samples were processed accurately before the tests.

Objectives & Methodology: Shimadzu GC-MS has been use in estimation of ten of poly aromatic hydrocarbons. A mixture of 10 polyaromatic reference standards containing acenaphthylene,

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naphthalene, anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, Dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benz[a]fluoranthene, fluorene, chrysene, pyrene, and phenanthrene have been purchased from Supleco Inc., USA., PAHs working solutions (10 µg/mL) was prepared from a stock solution of PAHs containing 200 µg/mL. N-hexane, cyclohexane, acetonirile, anhydrous sodium sulphate, acetone (BDH chemicals), were obtained from Merck, Germany. All chemicals and reagents were used in HPLC grade and not need more purification.

Three packed samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. (Iraqi, Saudi, Iranian) have been collected during the month of July 2017 for determination the levels of toxic poly aromatic hydrocarbons. The samples kept in refrigerator and then clean up before doing the extraction. The cooled samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. s (30 g for every sample) were extracted with 300 mL of solvent mixture (n-hexane and acetone 1:1) by using quick fit unit for 24 h. soxhelt extraction method. The cleaning up process for the samples was done after the extraction by using (5 g) the anhydrous sodium sulphate to each sample independently followed by eluting process that done by using of mL n-hexane and ml methyl chloride to 10 mL for each sample.

All the extracted samples were analysed using a Shimadzu GC equipped with a MS, HP-5 column, and nitrogen gas as carrier gas. The GC oven temperature was programmed to increasefrom50 °C (2 min) to 200 °C (2 min) at a speed of 20 °C/min, to 240 °C (2 min) at 5 °C/min, and to 290 °C at 3 °C/min and then held for 15 min. The injector temperature was 275 °C.

Results: The lowest concentration was for 2-ring PAHs (Naphthalene) 15.850 in Iraqi sample while the highest concentration (269.491) was recorded for Saudi sample were the most abundant than the others samples. The concentrations for PAHs class those consist of three rings were for the Iraqi sample higher than others samples as shown above. The pollution with PAHs compounds can be done by direct exposure to the known sources or indirect via irrigation intake by water. PAHs enter surface waters mainly via atmospheric fall out, municipal/industrial effluents, urban runoff and oil spillage or leakage. In this work, the ratio of Phenanthrene/Anthracene is used to identify the possible sources of PAHs in samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. The results shows that the ratios of Phenanthrene/Anthracene are almost in the range of 1.238 to 4.735 in Iranian and Saudi samples respectively, both ratios are less than 10, which indicate that the sources of PAHs are from incomplete combustion of fuel.

Conclusions: Ten polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds of sixteen of priority of PAHs had been determined in the three samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. (Iraqi, Saudi, Iranian) selected from Al-Diwniyah Markets by using GC-MS technique. The results refer that all the three types were contaminated in different percent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds according to human activity which present in these sites. The results were referred that the Saudi and Iranian Phoenix Dactylifera L. containing five and six compounds respectively of PAHs with various and high concentration, while the Iraqi Phoenix Dactylifera L. was less pollution than other types and contain just four types of PAHs compound with low concentrations. The pollution with three rings class of PAHs was higher than tow rings class of PAHs. The study is indicating that the sources of PAHs are from incomplete combustion of fuel.

Key words Poly aromatic hydrocarbons; GC-MS; pollution in Palm dates; Pollution in Al-Diwaniyah; Soxhelt extraction.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-109 Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Hilla City Hospitals Ammar A. Shalan*, Nidaa M. Salman, Zainab M. Eissa and Noor S. Shihab Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Nursing, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a wound infection that developed postoperatively, it is considered as a complication of the surgical procedure or of the post-operative caring of the surgical site. Surgical site infection is an infection that developed after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. Surgical site infections can sometimes be superficial infections involving the skin only. Other surgical site infections are more serious and can involve tissues below the skin, organs, or implanted material.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aimed to assess the nurses' knowledge level regarding surgical site infection control. In addition to that, the study will find out the relationships between socio demographical data of the participants and the level of knowledge regarding surgical site infection control. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in governmental hospitals in the Babylon province to assess level of knowledge of nurses regarding reducing hospital acquired surgical site infections. The hospitals include Babylon hospital for maternity and children, Al-Alsadik hospital, Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital and AL- Hashmiya Hospital. The study is conducted in the period between November 2018 and April 2019. The study includes 179 nurses working in governmental hospitals in Babylon province. Participants working different units were recruited in this study.

Results: The results showed that, the average score of the nurses' knowledge regarding SSI was (66.02) and the maximum and minimum score were (30) and (84), respectively. That indicates a low knowledge level of the participants about SSI. The results showed that only 3% of the participants had high and very high knowledge level, while 58% had low and very low knowledge level. In addition, the results showed that, Table-3 showed the number and percentage of correct answers in the survey.

Conclusions: Most of participating nurses have a low knowledge level regarding the surgical site infections. The female nurses have a higher level of knowledge regarding SSI than their male counterparts. The participants had a 2 year diploma or nursing high school certificate have a higher knowledge level compared with B. Sc. of higher degree. The years of experience had a positive effect on the level of knowledge regarding SSI. Raising the awareness and knowledge level of nurses by theoretical and practical training regarding surgical site infections.

Key words

SSI, environmental, Prevention, Hospital Infections.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-110 Comparison of Adhesin Genes Expression Among Klebsiella Oxytoca ESBL-Non-Producers in Planktonic and Biofilm Mode of Growth, and Imipenem Sublethal Exposure

Suhad Saad Mahmood

Biotechnology Department, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Bacterial adhesins play an important role in the bacterial attachment and colonization.

Objectives & Methodology: The aim of this study was comparison of adhesin genes expression in the planktonic and biofilm mode of growth among ESBL-non-producers isolates of K. oxytoca and effect of imipenem A total of eight extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) non-producer K. oxytoca isolates were included from patients with hemorrhagic colitis. The adhesin genes including fimA (type 1 fimbria), mrkA (type 3 fimbria), pilQ and the capsular matB genes were adopted. Phenotypic biofilm production was assessed by microtiter tissue plate assay. Expression of adhesin genes in the planktonic and biofilm growth conditions was calculated using quantitative Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) technique and sub-MIC (0.25μg/ml) levels of imipenem were also added to broth culture of isolates to evaluate the gene expression.

Results: The isolates produced biofilm in moderate level. The expression of pilQ, mrkA and matB but not fimA genes was significantly higher in biofilm conditions compared to the planktonic mode of growth (p=0.002, p=0.011 and p=001, respectively). In addition, imipenem sub-MIC treatment led to a significant overexpression of matB (p=0.002) and mrkA (p=0.003) genes compared to the control group.

Conclusions: Although none of isolates produced strong biofilm, biofilm conditions led to the increase in the expression of adhesin encoding genes in non-ESBL-producing K. oxytoca. Furthermore, β-lactams; and especially carbapenems possibly increase the colonization of K. oxytoca and increase the biofilm formation. Hence, accurate consumption of antibiotics must be considered.

Key words

Klebsiella oxytoca, Adhesins, Colonization, Biofilms.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-111 Antagonistic Activity of Arkobiotics (A Commercial Brand of Probiotic) Against Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Wala’a Shawkat Ali* and Rahma Mohammed Jassm

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Probiotics are live microbes which have beneficially health effects on the consumer when given in adequate amounts. Probiotics may offer a new therapeutic option for the treatment of many diseases. Although little is known about the role of heat-killed probiotic in prevent or treat infections, the use of heat- killed probiotic is considered a new strategy in disease therapy.

Objectives & Methodology: In order to evaluate the antagonistic activity of live and heat-killed Arkobiotics (a commercial brand of probiotic) against Staphylococcus epidermidis, agar plug method and agar well diffusion method were used. Also the antibiotics susceptibility profile of some antibiotics against S. epidermidis was determined.

Results: The results showed that agar-plug method made higher inhibition zones than agar-wells diffusion method and inhibition zones of the heat-killed probiotic were highest than of those recorded for supernatant of live probiotic. The results of antibiotics susceptibility profile appeared that S. epidermidis was more sensitive to ampicillin with 25µg/ml MIC value, followed by rifampicin and amoxicillin, while no inhibition zones were recorded for the other antibiotics used in this study. The mixture of heat-killed probiotic supernatant and MIC of ampicillin showed high antagonistic activity against S. epidermidis in comparison with using them separately.

Conclusions: Although the mechanism of action of the combination between heat-killed probiotic and antibiotic is not clear, it could be used in order to treat S. epidermidis infections. As well as, more studies are required to know more about the mechanism of action of heat-killed probiotic.

Key words

Antagonistic activity, Arkobiotics , Probiotic, Staphylococcus epidermidis , Heat-killed probiotic.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-112 Risk Mitigation Controls in Laboratory Settings

Wafaa Nasser Al-Hussainni

Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Ibn Sina University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Working in clinical Laboratory settings means we have to deal with biological risks and these risks need to be addressed and controlled. Once the risks have been addressed, the laboratory must implement mitigation control measures and continuously monitor and modify them to ensure that risk is maintained at a clinically acceptable level. There are different levels of Mitigation controls and each has their advantages and dis-advantages. It is crucial for every laboratory to cease control of their system in order to reduce the risk of potential harm.

Objectives & Methodology: Raising awareness about global health security and the importance of implementing the appropriate risk mitigation controls. One methodology approach might be via introducing the concepts in as many lectures and training courses as possible to all medical and health care workers in Iraq including the private sector.

Results: As a result we expect more people to be interested in global health security and therefore implement safety and security measures that would ensure a healthy community, environment and eventually a healthy world.

Conclusions: Once a Bio-risk management system is built and SOPs are established, a safer work place, healthy personnel and community are obtained. This would have a great impact on sustained global health security.

Key words

Global health security, Biosafety, Biosecurity, Risk assessment, Risk mitigation

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-113 Estimation of The Healing Activity of L- And D-Isophorms of Ascorbic Acid and Their Salt With Chitosan on a Model Of Burning Wounds in Rats

Adawia F.A. Al Zubeidi1, Zudina I.V. 2, Ksenofontova O.Yu. 3

1Department of Microbiology, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq 2Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia 3Regional Clinical Center of Combustiology, Saratov, Russia E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The wound healing activities of two ascorbic acid stereoisoforms and their chitosan (CHZ) salts were compared in the treatment of third-degree burns in outbred rats. L- and D-ascorbic acids (analytical grade) and CHZ (Bioprogress Ltd., RF) with a viscosity-averaged molecular weight of 32 kDa and a deacetylation degree of 70 % wt. were used.

Objectives & Methodology: The objects of the study were hydrogels based on L- and D-ascorbate AK, provided by the specialists of "Saratov National Research State University As the starting substances, L- and D-stereoisoforms of ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) were used, respectively, of analytical grade, as well as water soluble powder (CHZ) with a medium viscosity molecular weight.

Results: The application of our CHZ•D-ascorbate hydrogel significantly increased the average linear rate of wound healing and the shrinkage rate of wound surface area in comparison with Levomekol-vet (control) and our CHZ• L-ascorbate hydrogel. The wound healing duration under the CHZ•D-ascorbate hydrogel was by 10 days shorter than in the reference group, and by 7 days shorter than under the CHZ•L-ascorbate hydrogel.

Conclusions: The healing time of wounds under the D-ascorbate CHZ hydrogel shorter than L-ascorbate CHZ- hydrogel, and the control, and the average linear rate of wound healing and the rate of wound surface area decrease were statistically significant higher than when using L-ascorbate CHZ.hydrogel.

Key words

Chitosan, L- and D-ascorbic acid isoforms, Wound healing activity, Drug chirality.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-114 Determination of Breast Cancer in Iraqi Women by High Molecular Weight Cytokeratin through Immune-Histochemical Technique

Haidar J. Muhammed* and Ekhlass N. Ali

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer cells can be resulted by development of abnormal growth cells which produced abnormal tissue, however along the pathway stages of invasive or sporadic from adenoma to carcinoma, advanced stages of lesions and last of metastasis ending. This can be assessed by their prognostic and predictive biological activities markers.

Objectives & Methodology: A cohort study of thirty four patients were screened for female conflicted with BC in different stages of carcinoma their range aged (18-80y) compared with (10) individual as healthy control. However, (HMW) were assessed by Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of permanent tissue for these patients. The specimens collected from Teaching Tumors Hospital for Breast Cancer/ Medical City/Baghdad. The study aimed to explain the relationship between breast cancer and high molecular weight in Iraqi women as predictive investigation.

Results: The results of this study showed there was a high significant differences for these patients percent with 85.29 % (29 out of 34) and O.R. (28.06) clear with high percent in age (<40-80).

Conclusions: The study concluded that there was a high correlation between (BC) and (HMW) as predicted detection.

Key words

Breast cancer (BC), High molecular weight (HMW), Cytokeratin (CK).

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-115 Waste Management in Scientific and Medical-Educational Facilities in Iraq

Muthana Anad Al-Shammary

College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Waste management in scientific and medical-educational facilities is a growing issue in our universities. This neglected aspect is of health security concern and needs immediate attention from us and fast resolutions in order to decrease the possibility of an outbreak in areas where these waste products are drained.

Objectives & Methodology: Finding ways for medical waste management to prevent infections and AMR and protect the humans, animals and environment.

Conclusions: Indeed much effort is needed to bring together the stakeholders and decision makers to ensure disease free community.

Key words

Waste Management, AMR, Health security

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-116 Drug Adsorption on Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized by Flame Fragments Deposition Technique

Falah H. Hussein1,2,* and Asmaa H. Hammadi2

1Al-Mustaqbal University Collage, Babylon, Iraq

2Collage of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used anticancer and regards as one of the effective therapeutic drug for solid tumors, such as carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematological malignancies. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the characterization of nanocarrier. In this work multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were selected as carriers to load DOX. The concentrations of (20mg) functionalization -CNTs as a nanocarrier were added to 100 ml of DOX aqueous solution (100 ppm). Each mixture was stirred for 24 hours at 25oC under dark condition. The functionalization CNTs/DOX mixture was isolated by centrifuging for 15 min at a rate of 6000 rpm. From the obtained results, it can be seen that all of the used doses of CNTs showed good loading ability for DOX over CNTs. Drug delivery systems are currently widely studied as they represent an important component of novel therapies free of side effects and oriented toward a precise attack of disease sources. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are under because of their extraordinary physicochemical properties. They include, but are not limited to, large surface area available for functionalization by various moieties. Objectives & Methodology: Studying the loading of Doxorubicin (anti-cancer drug) on surface’s carbon nanotubes CNTs (drug delivery) by using different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier

Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The chemical oxidation of CNTs is carried out using H2O2 with UV in order to obtain the hydrophilic surface structure of oxygen within a certain surface group. This oxidation process with

H2O2 introduces several functional groups such as -OH (Hydroxyl), -COOH (carboxyl), and Amino-functionalization of CNTs by use ethylenediamine, on the CNTs’ surface. These surface groups are useful during the interaction and chemical bonding between CNTs and DOX. Results: All the used doses of CNTs showed a good adsorption ability for DOX over CNTs. However, Loading of doxorubicin on CNT was done by starting with DOX aqueous solution (1mg/ml) was prepared, and 20 mg CNTs was dispersed into DOX solution. After that, the adsorption efficiency of DOX over CNTs decreased when the CNT concentration was reduced. Conclusions: CNTs are an excellent absorber of Dox and could be used for drug delivery. Key words Drug delivery, Doxorubicin, Carbon nanotubes, Flame fragments deposition, FTIR.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-117 Association Among Immunological, Biochemical and Homological Parameters with Patients of Diabetic Foot Infection

Rand Ahmed Imran Al-Kaif 1, Laith A.I.K. Al-Kaif 2,* and Ifad Kerim Al-Shibly 1

1Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The current study was carried out to evaluate the correlation of biochemical and hematological markers in immunological status displayed by antimicrobial peptide and their role in diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot infection.

Objectives & Methodology: The immune response was measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay test for DEF-β2; LL-37; HNP1-3 level in a hundred and twenty middle-aged adults and elderly were enrolled in this case-control study, including forty-eight type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without foot infection, thirty-six diabetic foot patients and thirty-six apparently healthy individuals matched as control group. All patients in the study were referred and diagnosed in the Diabetic and endocrine Center in Marjan Medical City / Babylon province - Iraq during the period from November 2018 to February 2019.

Results: During this study, the correlation between blood sugar level and the studied antimicrobial peptide were assessed by correlational statistical analysis. The results exposed a negative correlation between serum level of blood sugar and serum level of HNP1-3 antimicrobial peptides among the study groups (P<0.05). Likewise, the statistical interpretation in this study carried between blood sugar and DEF-β2 exposed that there was a statistical positive correlation between blood sugar and DEF-β2 among diabetic patients and healthy control group while there was a negative correlation between blood sugar and DEF-β2 among diabetic foot patients (P>0.05). Similarly, the statistical evaluation of the correlational analysis between blood sugar and LL-37 indicated that there was a negative correlation among diabetes mellitus patients and among diabetic foot patients, while there was a positive correlation among healthy control individuals (P>0.05). Similarly, in the present study the relationship between the level of HbA1c in blood and antimicrobial peptide was calculated through statistical analysis. Results showed that there was a negative correlation between level of HbA1c and HNP1-3 among the study population (P >0.05). Likewise, the relationship between HbA1c and DEF-2 was assessed; results stated that there was a negative correlation in all study groups. While a moderate positive correlation was found between level of HbA1c and LL-37 among diabetes mellitus patients and among diabetic foot patients, but there was a negative correlation with healthy control individuals. Our study described the linking between the level of neutrophil in the blood and antimicrobial peptide studied through the evaluation of correlative statistical analysis. The results showed a negative correlation between level of neutrophil in the blood and HNP1-3 in the study groups. While a positive correlation was found between level of neutrophil and DEF-β2 among diabetic foot patients and 82

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among healthy control individuals, but there was a negative correlation with diabetes mellitus patients. Also the relation between neutrophil and LL-37 was evaluated, and there was a positive correlation among diabetes mellitus patients, where there was a negative correlation among diabetic foot patients and among healthy control individuals. Correspondingly, this study reported the relevance between the level of NLR in the blood and antimicrobial peptide through correlational statistical analysis. The relation between NLR and HNP1-3 found that there was a negative correlation in all of study groups. However, the results between level of NLR in the blood and DEF-β2 showed a negative correlation among diabetes mellitus patients (P>0.05), while there was a positive correlation among diabetic foot patients and among healthy control individuals. Whilst a negative correlation was found between level of NLR and LL-37 in all of a study groups.

Conclusions: In this work foot ulcer of type 2 diabetes mellitus is fairly common. Diabetic foot ulcers are more frequent in males. Lack of awareness of foot care and delayed treatment request will increase the extent of tissue destruction.

Key words

Diabetic foot, DEF-β2, LL-37, HNP1-3, NLR, RBS, HbA1c.

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Oral Presentation-AB-118 X-Ray Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes for the Appropriate Medical Applications

Firas H. Abdulrazzak1,*, Ayad F. Alkaim2 and Falah H. Hussein3,4

1Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, Diyala University, Diyala, Iraq 2Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq 3Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq 4Department of Research and Studies, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Background: Carbon nanotubes with a variety of type occupied amazing position compares with other nanomaterials due to rarer and specific physical and chemical properties. The behaviour of graphite or graphite nanotubes theoretically and experimentally encourage using in huge applications such industries, fields of energy, the environment and medical applications. Many attempts trying to get more of these benefits by more understand for the nature of carbon nanotubes. One of the ways to achieve this aim represents by enhance the acquaintance of characterization such spectroscopy analysis and images microscopy. Objectives & Methodology: We concern with using X-ray as sources to produce clear imaginations for tubular structure. Thus, the common ways that used X-ray as a source to interact with carbon nanotubes will be reviewer with details for characterization such XRD, XRF, XPS, and EDX techniques. All of this refer to critical influence in use CNTs in medical applications due to the sensitivity and specificity on chose and suitable kinds of CNTs as carrier for many drugs. Results: Many techniques and methods commonly were using for characterizing and analyzing nanomaterials such as SEMs, TEMs, HIMs, Raman microscopy, UV-visible reflection, and X-ray family. All of the techniques which mention before and the other depend on reactant materials with electron. X-ray led to many ways for getting huge information about the composition of materials and the nature of construction. Conclusions: X-ray Family supplied mostly, non-destructively and fast, with ability to provide the basic structural information that is essential for identification. In our chapter X-ray families were using to quantification and qualification of carbon nanotubes. XRD, XRF, EDX, and XPS were using in this chapter with many synthesized CNTs to show the capabilities for purifies evaluating which are very important in applications. We anticipate that the results of this study will help to offer guidelines for understand CNTs structures by X-ray family to increase the probabilities for benefit from CNTs without any side effect with medical applications. Key words XRD, XRF, XPS, EDX, CNT.

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Oral Presentation-AB-119 Prevalence of HCV Infection in Thi_Qar Province Southern Iraq during Period from 2005 – 2017

Awatif Hameed Issa1,*, Riyad Edan Abed2, Ali Naeem Salman3

1College of Science, Basrah University, Basra, Iraq. 2Thi-Qar Educational Directorate, Nasiriyah, Iraq. 3College of Nursing, Thi-qar University, Nasiriyah, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus has been known as a reportable disease in Iraq for more than twenty years. This pathogen was identified in 1989 and named Hepatitis C virus. In Iraq 1165536 case was reported equal (3.21%).

Objectives & Methodology: About 965 cases were discovered in Thi_Qar Province by accident either when blood donation or by pre-operation tests. The patients were distributed according to the residence. 538(55.8%) in the center of city Nassiriyah, 144(14.9%) in Suq al-Shuyukh, 134(13.9%) patients in Shatrah, 86(8.9%) patients in Al- Refai and 63(6.5%) patients in Jebaish.

Results: The highest rate infection was in age group of (51-up) 229 patients (23.73 %), while the lowest in age group (1-10) 67 patients, (6.94%).

Conclusions: Three genotype of the HCV were identified GT4, GT1b and GT1a.

Key words

HCV Infection, GT4, GT1b and GT1a.

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Oral Presentation-AB-120 Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli in urinary tract infection in Al- Diwaniyah governorate, Iraq

Ali B. M. Al- Waaly* and Firas S.A. Al Mayahi

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases-producing organisms are emerging as a cause of infection in patients in many areas of the world. Most of these involve urinary tract infection caused by Esherieshia coli harbouring ESBLs.

Objectives & Methodology: Total 207 sample of Escherichia coli were isolated from urine samples collected from patient suffering from UTI obtained from Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital during 2018, and identification according to the classical biochemical tests, then confirmed by VITEK 2 system. Sensitivity of all isolates was tested against 23 Antibiotics.

Results: Results showed all isolates of E. coli were resistant 100% to ampicillin but sensitive 100% to imipenem, the antibiotics resistance rate among the tested E. coli isolates ranged from 92.7%-74.9%, 69.6%-31.4% and 48.3%-10.2%, present to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolone and aminoglycosides respectively. Detection of ESBLs by using initial screening and confirmatory test which carry out by disk approximation or double disk synergy test (DDS),showed that 186 (89.8%) - 207(100%) of E. coli were initially screened as positive for ESBL. the disk approximation or (DDS) 0(0.0%) tests regarding confirmation of ESBL production. The results revealed that Screening and confirmatory tests considered the most accurate method for detection of ESBL- producing isolates, while the disk approximation was not accurate method in detecting such enzymes.

Conclusions: It’s not worthy that the difference in number of the above method was large. However, the study indicated that no correlation was found between the result obtained with disc diffusion method and DDST.

Key words

β-Lactamases, Urinary tract, Escherichia coli.

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Oral Presentation-AB-121 Culture and Diagnosis Cutaneous Leishmania in Babylon city

Saif A.Al-shalah*, Heba Saleh Shaheed, Israa H.NasIr and Zahraa H.Merza

Department of Pathological Analysis Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Missing

Objectives & Methodology: This study was carried out to find Leishmania tropica isolation from patients suffering from skin lesions, and compared between the efficiency of soluble culture filtrate and soluble sonicated L. tropica Ags in diagnosis of L. tropica in patients by detecting Ab titers against L. tropica Ags in their blood serum as well as to determine the influences of culture filtrate L. tropica antigen (cf L. Ags) on infection with this parasite. To achieve the first goal 75 blood samples and aspirated skin samples were collected from patients in Merjan hospital suffering from chronic skin lesions in Babylon city.

Results: The results explained that 14(18%) skin aspirate samples were L. tropica +ve from total 75 skin aspirate samples. 7(15.9 %) cases were diagnosed as L. tropica out of 30 cases of female above 15 years old. Also L. tropica was diagnosed in 2(4.54%) out of 14 cases from female below 15 years old. While L. tropica was diagnosed in 3(9.67%) from 22 male below 15 years old and 2(6.45%) out of 9 cases from male above 15 years old.

Conclusions: In the females L. tropica isolates were more in upper limbs (5) and face (3) than lower limbs (1) and ear (1) while in male more L. tropica isolates were reported from upper limbs (2) and face (3).

Key words

Leishmania tropica, Culture, Skin lesions.

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Oral Presentation-AB-122 Capture and Recapture Method to Estimate Incidence of Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Najaf 2015

Riyadh Kareem Alshebli Public Health Expert, Community Health Technical Department, College of Health and Medical

Techniques, Al- Furat Al- Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq.

E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important public health challenges of the twenty-first century. Current estimates of diabetes mellitus incidence are imprecise, only providing a rough picture, and probably underestimate the disease burden. Difficulty in measuring diabetes incidence related partly to absence of surveys and partly to incomplete reporting and cases documentation. Standard methods for estimation of diabetes incidence and prevalence are population surveys, postal questionnaires, house-to-house surveys, clinic or hospital records, and computerized diabetes registers. New method which is capture–recapture (CR) are used for determining the incidence and prevalence of diabetes. The techniques are based on the use of multiple data sources to estimate the size of the total population concerned.

Objectives & Methodology: To estimate the incidence of diabetes by examine the effects of using different numbers of data sources, and the effects of using dependent data sources, on CR population estimates and to evaluate ability of capture and recapture method in estimation of incidence of the diseases. Study design: Retrospective descriptive study using capture and recapture method with following criteria:1-The cases must be captured in the same period of time.2-Matching pair must be identified in both sources.3-Each case must have the same probability to be capture for each source.4-The ascertainment of each case by the source is independent.5-The population has to be closed. There is no lost or entry of cases.

Results: Total of 2337 patients (male to female ratio is 775/1562 = 1:2) in diabetes control center (1st group) while there are 863 patients (male to female ratio is 356/508 = 1:2) in night public clinics (2nd group) and we matching that there are 104 patients existing in the two groups. Male proportional is 33% of patients in diabetic control center and 41% of patients in Night public clinics while female proportional is 67% of patients in diabetic control center and 59% of patients in Night public clinics. All over incidence was 0.06 (6%) with Sensitivity 16.4%. Male Incidence was 0.02 (2%) with Sensitivity 12.3% while incidence among female was 0.04 (4%) with Sensitivity 12.1%.

Conclusions: Capture and recapture method can be used in the future studies to measure incidence and prevalence of other diseases especially infectious diseases. Regarding estimation of incidence of non communicable diseases, there are no previous studies related to measurement of incidence of diabetes mellitus, so we cannot do any comparison to estimate accuracy of the results obtained from this study.

Key words

Incidence, Capture-Recapture, D.M, C-R, matching, Diabetic control center, Night public clinics.

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Oral Presentation-AB-124 Antimicrobial biofilm activities of Nanoparticles

Nawfal H. Aldujaili

Department of Biology,Faculty of science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Background: Nanoparticles have unique properties to combat infection have received considerable attention within a range of diverse fields, including biomedicine. 1-100 nm in size, spherical or rods or plates, and other shapes, solid or hollow, composed of a variety of materials. In Top-down (physical) process, Nano scale structure is made from large scale structure of different techniques. In bottom- up (chemical and biological) process, nanoparticle structures are made atom by atom or molecule by molecule by self-assembly or self-organization Objectives & Methodology: Metals have been used for long time as antimicrobial agents. Silver, copper, gold, titanium, and zinc have attracted particular attention, each having different properties and spectra of activity. Many products, including toothpastes, now incorporate powdered zinc citrate or acetate to control the formation of dental plaque. Metallic nanoparticles have also been considered to improve antimicrobial efficiency. The main considerations are the physical and chemical characteristics of the particular nanoparticles used, including the surface charge and degree of hydrophobicity, the surface area-to-mass ratio of the plaque biofilm and the ability of the particles to adsorb to/be taken up at the biofilm surface. Results: It appears that bacteria are far less likely to acquire resistance to metal nanoparticles than they are to other conventional and narrow-spectrum antibiotics. This is thought to occur because metals may act on a broad range of microbial targets, and many mutations would have to occur in order for the microorganisms to resist their antimicrobial activity. Shape may also affect the activity of nanoparticles. It has been demonstrated that the shape of silver nanoparticles can influence antimicrobial activity, as has been shown in the case of Escherichia coli. Truncated triangular silver nanoplates with a {111} lattice pattern as the basal plane showed the greatest biocidal activity compared with spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles. The differences appear to be explained by the proportion of active facets present in nanoparticles of different shapes.

Conclusions: traditional antibiotics are effective at concentrations 1000-fold lower. NiO, Ni, Al2O3, TiO2 (in the absence of UV light), Si3N4, WC (tungsten carbide), and ZrO2 were found to lack antimicrobial activity at the concentrations tested. The oral pathogens Streptococcus intermedius, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, and A. actinomycete mcomitans were also found to be susceptible to Ag and CuO nanoparticles under anaerobic conditions with MBC values in the range 0.025-2.5 mg/mL. Key words Antimicrobial biofilm, Nanoparticles, Dental plaque.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-125 The Effects of Smoking on Packed Cell Volume among Smoker Males in Al-Hilla City

Rawaa M. Mohammed1,*, Ahmed Aljamal2 and Imad K. Abbas3

1Department of Anaesthesia Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Medical Physics, Al-Nusoor University College, Baghdad, Iraq

2Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Present study including 100 samples (adult males), and collected 50 blood samples from adult smoker males and 50 blood samples from adult non-smoker males during period (2nd January 2019 – 1st March 2019), are collected from Al-Hilla city , and the samples among present study included adult males in age (20-50 years).

Objectives & Methodology: 50 blood samples collected from smoker adult males and 50 blood samples collected from non-smoker adult males, after that blood samples were pulled into red capillary tubes and placed in the centrifuge for 30 min. in / 3000 cycles per minute and then the blood viscosity (PCV) was measured by using a standard laboratory ruler.

Results: A positive correlation between cigarette consumption and packed cell volume (PCV) was found in smoker males.

Conclusions: There are significant changes in packed cell volume between smoker males and non-smoker males (P>0.001).

Key words

PCV, Smoker males, Non-smoker.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-127 Effects of the Artemisinin on L. donovani Promastigotes

Ghuffran M. Hassan* and Hayder Z. Ali

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan parasite, it is endemic worldwide with clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal visceral leishmaniasis. This disease is considered a major health problem and there is a need for new anti-leishmanial therapies of less toxicity. This study was aimed to investigate the proliferation inhibitory activity of a herbal compound, called Artemisinin, derived from a Chinese plant called Artemisia annua on L. donovani procyclic promastigotes, in vitro.

Objectives & Methodology: Various concentrations were studied in vitro by direct counting to investigate its effect on the proliferation of promastigotes. Five concentrations were used (500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 50, 10) µM for three times of follow up (24, 48, 72) hours.

Results: The results showed a significant decrease in surviving promastigotes, in parallel with the normal cell count of untreated promastigotes, along the periods studied.

Conclusions: This study revealed a major growth inhibition effect of Artemisinin against L. donovani promastigotes, in vitro. It is recommended for future studies of Artemisinin effects on amastigotes forms and in vivo study.

Key words

Visceral leishmaniasis, Artemisinin, in vitro

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-128 Knockdown of TIGAR Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy with Modulates NF-κB and HO-1 Expression in A549 Lung Cancer Cells

Can Ali AĞCA1 and Osama Hamid SHAREEF1,2,*

1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, Bingöl, Turkey 2Department of Medical Laboratory Technique, Halabja Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The tp53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) protein controls fructose-2, 6- bisphosphate (Fru-2, 6-P2) levels during glucose metabolism and helps maintain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) levels to recycle glutathione (GSH), a key intracellular antioxidant.

Objectives & Methodology: The present study was designed to investigate the apoptosis and autophagy mechanisms via reactive oxygen species (ROS) that underlie TIGAR knockdown in the A549 cell line. To detect the influence of siRNA-TIGAR on A549 lung cancer cells, we performed cell viabilty, colony formation, ROS, and NADPH assays. In addition, Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to measure protein and mRNA expression levels, respectively.

Results: After TIGAR knockdown in A549 cell lines, various assay parameters were analyzed and showed that down-regulation of TIGAR inhibited viability and decreased colony formation. We also demonstrated that TIGAR knockdown induced apoptosis and autophagy, followed by an induction of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain- enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Furthermore, increased ROS levels and decreased NADPH levels were observed.

Conclusions: This study supports our understanding of the possibility of employing TIGAR knockdown in lung cancer cells to enhance apoptosis and autophagy with NF-κB and HO-1 expression and then suggest TIGAR as a potential target for the treatment of lung cancer.

Key words

TIGAR, Lung cancer, Apoptosis, Autophagy, NF-κB, HO-1.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-130 SEN Virus (SEN-V) and Torque Teno Virus (TTV) Co-Infection in a Sample of Hepatitis Patients from Baghdad-Iraq

Ealaf Abbas khudair1, Arwa Mujahid Abdullah Al-Shuwaikh2,*

1Alnahrain Company for Drug Industry, Baghdad, Iraq 2Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Background: Several lines of evidence have suggested the presence of new hepatitis agents, in addition to established hepatitis viruses A-E. SEN virus (SENV) was discovered in 1999 as a DNA virus with hepatotropic properties. In addition Torque teno virus (TTV) was discovered as a potential agent of non-A-E hepatitis. Objectives & Methodology: This study aimed to determine SEN-V/TTV co-infection in hepatitis patients and healthy blood donors. Also to find out any possible association between the study population demographic data and SEN-V/TTV status. This study conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. Serum samples were collected from 50 patients who had hepatitis HBV or HCV and attended to Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital. As a control group, sera were collected from a total 50 healthy blood donors who had no history of transfusion from the Blood Donation Center in Al Imamein Al Kadhimein Medical City. The clinical characteristics of both patients and controls such as (ALT, AST, HCV-Ab, HBsAg and HBcAb) were obtained from their files in the hospitals. Serum samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of SEN-V DNA. In addition Serum samples were tested by ELISA technique for detection of TTV Ag. Results: TTV and SEN-V co-infections had been detected in hepatitis patient and healthy blood donors with exposure rate (26%) and (4.65%), respectively. results of this study showed that SENV/TTV co-infection in hepatitis patients is significantly higher than healthy blood donors. Concerning risk factors, it was found that there was no statistically significant relationship between SENV/TTV positivity and mean level of ALT or AST. Also, results indicated that the presence of SEN-V and/or TTV was not associated with sex, age, history of transfusion, surgery and tattooing. Conclusions: Current study concluded that coinfection by SENV/TTV was not associated with clinical or biochemical signs of liver disease, even among HBV or HCV infected patients SEN-V infection was not linked with enhanced severity of hepatitis. Key words SEN-V, TTV, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus.

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Oral Presentation-AB-131 Effect of some Alcoholic Extracts in Reducing the Fat Content of the Liver Tissue in Rat

Mohammed Hayder Hamad

Collage of Al Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: This research was carried out in rats in a special place of the laboratory of histopathological diseases in the period 6/9/2018 until 23/11/2018. The objectives of this study to detect effect of the addition of the alcohol extract of ginger in the reduction of fat in liver tissue of rats, Eight groups and replicates for each group. The groups were homogenous in weights and were placed in 13 cages. Each group consisted of 10 rat and at 5 fares each. In the first treatment, rat were fed on regular feeding without adding and feeding rats in the second treatment sessions add to it the alcoholic extract of ginger in Turkey 150 mg/kg. The third group is the same as the normal food after adding the alcohol extract of ginger at a concentration of 300 mg/kg. The results of the study showed a high morale in the rates of reduction of fat in the liver tissue of rat fed on the alcohol extract of the ginger and improved the conversion factor of food by adding the extract of alcohol extract of each of the ginger.

Objectives & Methodology: Ginger was purchased from the local markets and cut into very small pieces. Dissolved 30 g of raw material in alcohol to get the ginger extract in 70 ml of ethyl alcohol at 96% concentration and placed in a clean glass jar in a dark place, 4 times daily for at least two weeks. The solution was then filtered with Whatman1 filter paper (Shalmany and Shivazad, 2006). The solution is then placed in the rotary evaporator, at a temperature of 45 m for the purpose of extracting the solution. The solution was then placed in an electric oven at 45 ° C for 20 minutes to dispose of the remaining alcohol. After extracting the extract, it was weighed by a sensitive balance and stored in clean containers.

Results: The results of the current study showed the effect of alcohol extract of ginger in the morphological description and tissue composition of the rat liver and compared it with the treatment of control and the following.

Conclusions: The addition of alcoholic extracts to medicinal plants has reduced the concentration of cholesterol and the level of fat in the liver.

Key words

Alcoholic extract, Fat content, Liver tissue.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-135 Study Endothelin-1, Troponin levels and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) Gene Polymorphism with ACS Patients in Babylon Province

Zahraa Haleem1, Ali H. Al Saadi2 and Moshtak Abdulatheem Wtwt3,*

1Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq 2Department, College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq 3Department, College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) consists of unstable angina pectoris, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarct ion and ST segment elevate ion myocardial infarction. The aim of the study was to compare the vibration some hormones levels in the Acute coronary syndrome patients and control groups and This study aimed to investigate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (−1562C>T, of the MMP-9 gene in patients with ACS in the Iraq population.

Objectives & Methodology: This study was conducted between Marjan teaching hospital in Babylon Province and it was carried out at the coronary care unit in Babylon province, Iraq . This patient-control study was composed of 60 ACS patients with age 53.38 ± 9.51 and 30 control with age 51.43 ± 7.81 subject. The present study is divided into two main parts: physio-biochemical and molecular parts. The physiological part involved hormonal assay (troponin and endothelin-1) while molecular part included. The genotypes of the selected SNPs were determined by the method of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR). The relationship between the polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene and the severity of acute coronary syndrome with negative medical history.

Results: The result of this study showed that patients with Acute coronary syndrome both males and females had significantly troponin and elevated Endothelin-1 in patient than control < 0.001** (**p value ≤ 0.01 was significant). Analysis of the SNPs of MMP-9 gene showed that the frequency of CT and TT genotypes in patients with ACS was significantly higher than that in the control group (ACS vs. controls; CT+TT: (85%Vs 36%).

Conclusions: We observed an association between the MMP-9 gene polymorphism and acute coronary syndrome in this study. These data suggest that the Apo E4 increases the risk for ACS in Babylon province (O.R-4.090) and high level troponin and elevated Endothelin-1 in patient than control.

Key words

Single nucleotide polymorphisms, Troponin, Endothelin, MMP-9.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-136 Apololipoprotine E4 Gene and Change in Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Thyroid Hormones in Patient with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Babylon Province/Iraq

Zahraa Haleem1, Ali H. Al Saadi2 and Moshtak AbdulatheemWtwt3,*

1Department of Medical Laboratories Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

3College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerotic plaque rupture or erosion and subsequent intra coronary thrombus formation. Complex diseases arising from the interaction between several genetic and environmental factors, myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease are distinguished from monogenic Mendelian disorders (i.e. thalassemia, hemophilia, and cystic fibrosis) in which mutations of a single gene are believed to cause the greatest part of the disease phenotype. This study aimed to evaluate some hormone levels and investigate some important genes that are related to acute coronary syndrome patients with negative past medical history, determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR). Objectives & Methodology: This study was a case-control study conducted from Marjan Teaching Hospital. The study was carried out at the coronary care unit / in Babylon province/Iraq by taking 60 patients who suffered from acute coronary syndrome (50 male and 10 female) with an average age (35-65 year), all of them were without complications and were excluded from chronic inflammatory diseases. Also, the study included 30 apparently healthy people who were (20 male and 10 female) with an average age (35-65 year), as control matched with disease groups. Results: The results showed that patients with acute coronary syndrome, both males and females, had significantly Higher Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels, than the control groups(P≤ 0.01), while the levels of T3 (Triiodothyronine) was significantly lower (P≤ 0.05) in acute coronary syndrome patient than in the control groups .E4The allele of the E2 and E3 protein is form polymorphism in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (Apo E) The Apo E alleles and genotypes were determined by (RFLP-PCR). Conclusions: E4 the allele of the E2 and E3 protein is form polymorphism in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (Apo E) The Apo E alleles and genotypes were determined by (RFLP-PCR). We observed an association between the Apo E polymorphism and acute coronary syndrome in this study. These data suggest that the Apo E4 increases the risk for ACS in Babylon province (O.R-4.090). Key words ACS, ANP, Gene polymorphism, APO E4.

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Oral Presentation-AB-137 The Change in Some Immunity Parameter as a Result of Gingivitis Infection in Smoking Patients

Rafla'a S.H. Hussien, Sura I.A. Jabuk, Zahraa M. Altaee and Dlal M.R. Shwalia

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Baghdad, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Gingivitis, sometimes called gum disease or periodontal disease, describes cases of bacterial build up in the oral cavity, which in the end, if untreated, can lead to loss of Teeth, as a result of damage to the layer that encapsulates the teeth.

Objectives & Methodology: Collect 18 samples from smoking patient with gingivitis and 7 samples from healthy people as control (age 20-25 years) to study parasites which found in mouth spatially in gingivitis and effected on IL-2 and IL-4, IgA and IgG we found parasite Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax.

Results: 10 samples have Trichomonas tenax and 8 samples have Entamoeba gingivalis. In other hand we found significant differences at 0. 05 in IL-2 (Mean =20.62727 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean =19.31818 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control =11.4), IL-4 (Mean =509.3636 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean=235.2727 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) , IgA (Mean =264.50 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean=243.50 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) and IgG (Mean =975.00 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean=1024.00 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 )

Conclusions: The parasitical infection increase periodontitis additional to smoking. Gingivitis may happened by parasites not by bacteria we found IgG level had been decreased in while IgA, IL-2 and IL-4 levels were increased in serum during infection with parasite.

Key words

Entamoeba gingivalis , Trichomonas tenax, IL-4 , IL-2, IgA and IgG

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Oral Presentation-AB-138 Comparison between Polymerase Chain Reaction and Blood Culture for Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis

Mohammed Hayder Hamad and Noor Hamid Abbas Al-Marzoog*

College of Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis can be defined as any systemic bacterial infection confirmed by a positive blood culture in the first month of life. In this study, (85) blood specimens were collected from (85) patients with suspected septicemia, age ranged between 1to 28 days from both sexes (53 males and 32 females) during the period from November 2014 to March 2015. Bacterial culture was positive in (7.06%) patients versus (92.9%) patients revealed a negative bacterial culture. The most common types of bacteria isolated were three isolates of Klebsiella spp. (50.0%), followed by one isolate Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%), one isolate E. coli (16.67%), and one isolate Enterobacter spp. (16.67%). Finally, molecular detection for bacterial sepsis was done by using specific primers (16 sRNA, rpoB and its). It was found that 16 sRNA genes were present in (20%) of samples and rpoB gene present in (18.8%). While its gene used for detection of fungi revealed negative results in all samples.

Objectives & Methodology: This study was conducted on 85 neonates (1-28 days) with clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of sepsis admitted at NICUs and premature infant unit of the Babylon Hospital for Pediatric and Gynecology during the period from November 2014 to March 2015. Full history taking, thorough clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations were done to all neonates with suspected sepsis.

Results: The results of gel electrophoresis for DNA bands based on genes specific for bacterial 16S RNA revealed that 17:85 patients (20%) were positive for target specific for bacterial gene (16S rRNA) in their blood samples with length (861) base pairs.

Conclusions: After specific DNA extraction from blood samples, DNA was amplified with primer ITS F and ITS R in 25µl reaction mixtures. Then, the PCR products were purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and it was found that there are no samples producing fungal DNA with primer in pairs (400) bp fragment.

Key words

Neonatal sepsis, 16 sRNA, PCR, Septicemia.

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Oral Presentation-AB-140 Epidemiological and Histopathological study of Appendicitis in Karbala province

Khetam L. Hussain, Aiyat Hazem Al-Shugary, Eman Jabbar Rahim, Amear Ali Aenad, Sajida Jawad Mahdi, Abdullah Ali Kate, Senen Saleh Falak, Safa Najeh Ibrahim

Medical Laboratory Techniques, Alsafwa University College, Al-Ma’laji area, Karbala, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, which is usually located in the right lower part of the abdomen. Appendicitis is more common surgical emergencies, and it is one of the common most causes of abdominal pain.

Objectives & Methodology: In order to detect the incidence of appendicitis and it is associated with gender and age, also study the histopathological changes that occur in the tissue during acute inflammation. A database of patients with appendicitis was collected from Al Hussein medical city in the Karbala city from January to December 2018. Also, samples were taken from the surgical theatres after being fixed directly with 10% formalin for tissue processing.

Results: The current study included an epidemiological prevalence study of appendicitis in Karbala province, where complete data were collected in 2018 from Al Hussein Medical Hospital. The results show that the total number of appendicitis in Karbala province was (636) cases, divided in to (299) and (286) for male and female respectively, while the secondary removal cases was (69). The percentage of infection was 47.012%, 42.12% and 10.85% for male, female and secondary removal. The statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences under (P> 0.05) between percentage of infection in male and female (0.01). Also this study included histopathological examination of appendectomy specimen. After surgical removal of appendix, the specimen directly fixed with 10% formalin and then does tissue processing. The microscopic examination showed obstruction of the lumen and infiltration of inflammatory cell within lumina properia, muscularis and adventatia. The mucosal epithelial was destruction with ulceration, also there are extensive lymphoid hyperplasia.

Conclusions: The percentage of infection in male is higher than in female 47.012%, 42.12% and 10.85% for male, female and secondary removal.

Key words

Appendicitis, Prevalence, Karbala, Gender, Histopathological.

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Oral Presentation-AB-141 The Situation of Health Security in Iraq

Ayad M.J. Al-Mamoori

Biology Department, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The situation of health security in Iraq depends on some criteria like Human susceptibility to infection, Human demographics and behaviour, Breakdown of public health measures, Climate and weather, Economic development Land use and ecosystem changes, Technology and industry and Poverty and social inequality.

Objectives & Methodology: To evaluate the health security situation in Iraq, standard questionnaires were distributed to all health institutes and from these questionnaires the gaps in health security have been detect after statistical analysis.

Results: The important indicator was detected form this study that is: lack of resources, response strategies, lack of awareness.

Conclusions: All Iraqi health institutes need the following to strength the health security in Iraq: emergency management and response systems, health and human services systems, community and kinship systems

Key words

Health security, Health institute, Health security criteria.

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Oral Presentation-AB-142 Emerging Infectious Diseases and Bioterrorism

Ayad M.J. Almamoori

Biology Department, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract

Background: It's become possible that the New Emerging Infectious Pathogen becomes the Bioterrorism Agent, the terrorist scientist team might use the new emerging infectious pathogen as a tool for bioterrorism.

Objectives & Methodology: The first thing is to investigate any new emerging infection and possibility to be as a biological weapon is to answer whether this is natural or intended outbreak, if approved that is a terrorist event, the standard infection control must be done, and sort of preventive action should be adapt to control on Bioterrorism and to prevent the further consequences which effect on public health.

Key words

Emerging infectious diseases, Bioterrorism, Preventive action.

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Oral Presentation-AB-145 Impact of Immune Factors in Progression of Multiple Myeloma (MM) in Iraqi Patients

Muhammed A.H. Aldabagh1, Ali M. Jawad2 and Mohammed S. Abbas3

1Medical Research Unit, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq 2College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq 3Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent adult haematological malignancy. It is characterized by the extension clone of plasma cells within bone marrow. Dysregulation of immunity has a potent role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Evidence is mounting that a network of cytokines are operating in the growth, dissemination and progression of human multiple myeloma.

Objectives & Methodology: In current case control study, 48 patients with MM were enrolled. Patients were grouped to 19 untreated (UT) newly diagnosed and 30 treated (T) with chemotherapy, either by CTD protocol or MP protocol. Group of control (C) were consisted of 30 subjects. sRID test, was used for determination levels of C4, IgA, IgM, and IgG. ELISA was used to evaluate levels of IL-1α, IL-8, and GM-CSF, IL-2, INF-γ, IL-4, and IL-10.

Results: Levels of IL-α showed non-significant difference in UT and T groups. Interestingly, IL-8 levels significantly elevated in both of UT and T groups. On the contrary, INF-ɣ levels strongly dropped in both of UT and T groups. However, no difference was found between UT and T groups. Regarding IL-2, significant and non-significant elevation were found in UT and T groups, while significant dropping was found in T group compared to UT group. Related to IL-4, significant dropping were found in both of UT and T. Both of UT and T groups significantly dropped in IL-10 levels. Levels of C4 showed non-significant elevation and dropping in both of UT and T groups respectively, while showed significant difference between UT and T groups. Regarding Ig assay, levels of IgM showed significant dropping in both of UT and T groups respectively. Significant dropping in T group compared to UT group was also evident. Levels of IgG showed significant and non-significant elevation in both of UT and T groups respectively, also showed significant dropping in T group compared to UT group. Non-significant and significant dropping were showed in IgA levels in both of UT and T groups respectively. Moreover, showed significant dropping in T group compared to UT group.

Conclusions: Disturbance of immune regulation may be prognostic signal for MM condition.

Key words

Multiple myeloma, MM, CTD, MP, GM-CSF, IL-8, IL-1α, IL-2, INF-γ, IL-4, IL-10.

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Oral Presentation-AB-146 Analysis of Women with Endometrial Hyperplasia Measured by U/S in the Context of Socio- Demographic and Other Risk Factors

Ban Amer Mousa1,*, Sijal Fadhil Farhood Makki Al Joborae2 and Hassan Falah Hassan3

1Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Babylon College of Medicine, Hilla, Iraq 2Department of Community Medicine, Babylon College of Medicine, Hilla, Iraq 3Department of Radiology & Ultrasound, AL-Hilla Teaching Hospital, Hilla, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Assessment of presence the risk factors, year with higher prevalence of the endometrial hyperplasia between (2014-2018) & age-related prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia, then we find the incidence of patients in rural and urban area and the commonest type of endometrial hyperplasia. According to WHO classification, pathophysiology is associated with the extreme and continuous motivation of the endometrial tissue of the uterus. The risks endometrial hyperplasia factors comprise chronic anovulation, polycystic ovarian syndrome, tamoxifen therapy, and estrogen-only hormone treatment. Endometrial hyperplasia has been categorized into

1-simple hyperplasia: described by slight endometrial glandular collecting and with low hazard of advance to endometrial malignancy

2-simple atypical hyperplasia: included of endometrium with simple glandular collecting &/or cytological atypia and the maximum hazard of advance to endometrial malignancy

3-complex hyperplasia: described by more endometrial glandular collecting & intermediary &/or cytological atypia and the maximum hazard of advance to endometrial malignancy

Objectives & Methodology: Observational study is done on inpatients & outpatients clinic in Obstetrics and Gynaecological Department in Babylon teaching hospital and some private clinics after taking their permission. Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is defined by the exciting growth of the endometrial glands &the type of EH determined on the histopathological description of the specimen changes then congregated according to the old and recent classification of the WHO, but nowadays the recent one is more commonly used than the other, One hundred fifty patients who presented with abnormal uterine bleeding were recorded and prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia assessed in them. These ladies were above 35 years old in period between 2014 till 2018 .The endometrial thickness were measured by U/S then take permission from them to do diagnostic dilatation and curate some under GA and the other by hystroscope to take endometrial biopsy then send the sample for histopathological examination.

Results: The mean age of women with endometrial hyperplasia was 48.51±8.05 ranging from (30-66). More than half of women with endometrial hyperplasia live in urban area (57.3%), while those women who live in rural area represented 42.0%. Regarding occupation, 58.0% of women were employed in comparison with housewives which represented 42.0% of women. The uterine thickness of women with endometrial hyperplasia that was measured by ultrasound was 15.5±10.1ranging from (2-37).Three quarter of women with endometrial hyperplasia

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was multiparous (78.0%) the most common cause of uterine bleeding was endometrial hyperplasia which represented 50.0% followed by endometrial aplasia and bleeding tendency in a percentage of 34.7% and 15.3% respectively. the percentage of women with endometrial hyperplasia according to the year of diagnosis, was increase in 2016,2017 and 2018 in a percentage of 28.0%,28.0% and 27.3% respectively.

Conclusions: We must concentrate on abnormal complaint of the patients and take it seriously especially in this age group because it is preventable disease and we can discover it earlier to prevent chance of endometrial carcinoma transformations.

Key words

Analysis, Endometrial hyperplasia, Endometrial thickness, Endometrial carcinoma,WHO classification, Histopathology.

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Oral Presentation-AB-149 The Need for Developing a Fourth Level of Awareness in Human Consciousness: Unconscious, Preconscious, Conscious and Post conscious

Hashim Talib Hashim and Mustafa Ahmed Ramadhan

College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Consciousness is the quality or state of being aware of an external object or something within oneself, such as thoughts, feelings, memories, or sensations. It has also been defined in the following ways: sentience, awareness, subjectivity, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood, and the executive control system of the mind. At one time, consciousness was viewed with skepticism by many scientists, but in recent years, it has become a significant topic of research in psychology and neuroscience. Freud divided human consciousness into three levels of awareness: the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Each of these levels corresponds and overlaps with Freud’s ideas of the id, ego, and superego. The conscious level consists of all the things we are aware of, including things we know about ourselves and our surroundings. The preconscious consists of things we could pay conscious attention to if we so desired, and is where many memories are stored for easy retrieval. Freud saw the preconscious as comprised of thoughts that are unconscious at the particular moment in question, but that are not repressed and are therefore available for recall and easily capable of becoming conscious (for example, the tip-of-the-tongue effect). The unconscious consists of things that are outside of conscious awareness, including many memories, thoughts, and urges of which we are not aware. Much of what is stored in the unconscious is thought to be unpleasant or conflicting; for example, sexual impulses that are deemed unacceptable. While these elements are stored out of our awareness, they are nevertheless thought to influence our behavior.

Objectives & Methodology: This Study which is cross sectional study conducted as an interview survey for one month, involved 167 participants from many countries who are almost students or from higher educational level. We used self - structured questionnaire which was tested for validity in a pilot study of 30 participants by asking them the questions and after one week, we asked them again, the answers were exactly the same. All the participants are well informed about the purpose of our study and what we are testing for before we gain their consent. The data was collected and analyzed by Social Science Program (SPSS) version 24.0.

Results: The mean of age is 21.4491 with standard deviation of 3.43907 40.1% of them are male (67) and 59.3% are females (99), only 0.6% prefer not to say. 59.3% of them said that they have ever experienced psychological problems, 16.2% said that they have not experienced any psychological problem and 24.6% said maybe. 94.6% of them said that they feel guilty when they do wrong or unacceptable thing and 5.4% said no. 86.8% of them have stopped a work because they felt that it is wrong or unacceptable but 13.2% have not. 62% feel that they need to do this work and they will not do it again, but 38% do not feel that. 59.9% follow their feelings to do the wrong thing and convince themselves not to do it again but 40.1% do not. 37.1% have experienced a depression, anxiety, psychological problems or breakdown because of the conflict between the feeling of guilty and the feeling of the need to do the unacceptable work, 24.6% have not and 38.3% said maybe. 78.4% of them have good thoughts and only 21.6% of them have bad thoughts in their personality. There is a significant difference 105

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between people who feel guilty on a work and the people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing and they will never do it again (P - Value = 0.009). There is a significant difference too between people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing because they need it and the people who follow that feeling (P - Value = 0). There are not significant differences between age or gender and other variables.

Conclusions: The feeling of the need to do any work and it will not occur again is not under the control of the three levels of consciousness described by Sigmoid Freud, so the need to develop a new level of consciousness which I called it (Postconscinece) is necessary to explain these feelings in human psychology.

Key words

Human consciousness, unconscious, preconscious, post conscious.

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Oral Presentation-AB-151 The Relationship Among Health Knowledge, Age, and Job With Common Diseases in Iraqi Societies

Khadim Abdulameer Al-Zaidy and Abbas Abdulameer Salman

College of Pathological Analysis Technologies, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: As common diseases are diabetes, blood pressure, high cholesterol, kidney failure, and thyroid disease widely exists in the Iraqi societies, it is imperative for diverse population to update their health knowledge base. We share our experience of questionnaire surveys in educational research in health knowledge of the Iraqi societies and discuss questionnaire design and data collection and analysis. The research has assessed the health knowledge of the Iraqi societies based on age and job (educational background). Such evaluations would not only highlight the strengths and weaknesses of health knowledge, but would also provide a study for improving the communication skills for both physicians and patients and addressing such issues for allowing quality improvement.

Objectives & Methodology: The foundation of the research based on statistical data collection. A questionnaire study test for health knowledge was depended on ages and jobs (educational backgrounds). Based on four scales the study collected and analysed the primary and secondary data. The data were statistically analyzed using statistical software. The data analyses involved both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The relationship between the age and the health knowledge was investigated. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between the health knowledge and the age that whenever respondent’s ages were older, they had more knowledge about the common diseases. Likewise, the relationship between the jobs and the health knowledge also was investigated. The health knowledge is significantly affected by job factor. The respondents who have jobs related learning had more knowledge about the common diseases.

Conclusions: This paper presented a study to investigate the health knowledge of the Iraqi societies. The study involved a questionnaire survey contains three sections (ages, jobs, and common diseases) filled by participants from diversity backgrounds. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between the health knowledge and both factors: age and job.

Key words

Common diseases, Diabetes, Blood pressure, Kidney, Health knowledge.

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Oral Presentation-AB-152 Histological Appreciation of Porous Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan–Collagen Scaffold Implantation for Bone Fractures Therapy

Marwa Abdul Muhsien Hassan1, Asma H. Mohammed1, Wahab Basam1, Nazar Khalaf Mahan1 and Afrah K. Shenshell2

1Department of Physics, College of Science, Mustansyriah University, Baghdad, Iraq 2Ministry of Education, Al - Rusafa II, Al - Mutamayzeen High School, Al - Idrisi District, Baghdad, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Bone grafts / implantations are widespread in veterinary medicine and a popular procedure for the therapy of multiple fracture problems, such as delayed union and non-union, or may be used in the therapy of pathological fractures, also used as a framework for the stabilization, healing and filling of bone cavity defects.

Objectives & Methodology: 50 adult local breed rabbits of both sexes weighing approximately 1.500-1.750 kg. 1± 5cm of bone length were surgically separated from femoral diaphysis under general anaesthesia using a mixture of xylzine hydrochloride at a dose of 17.5 mg/kg. B.W. and ketamine hydrochloride at a dose of 25 mg/kg. B.W. The skin, subcutaneous tissues and fascia-lata opened rapidly, the vastus lateralis and biceps of the femoralis muscles dissected bluntly, exposed the femoral diaphysis and separated the muscle around the femoral bone, 1 cm of length of the diaphyseal bone removed by the electrical saw with the dripping of the standard sterile saline for bone cooling, the empty space filled with scaffold bony implantation (Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan–Collagen). All the operated animals divided to five equal groups. The control groups of 10 rabbits lifted for normal healing process without laser irradiation, while the treatment group of 10 rabbits which exposed for single continuous diode laser at 850 nm at 4 point at the lateral aspect of the thigh region for 5 minutes at 72 hours interval at the dose (148.4 J/cm2). All the animals injected with pencillin streptomycine intramuscular for 3 days post operation.

Results: The radiological finding in the treatment group revealed early new bone formation at the end of 1st week post operation, while in the control group the new bone formation started at the end of the 2nd week post operation, the callus formation increase in size and opacity for the later weeks until bridge formation to joined the femoral fragments along the xeno bony implantation in the end of 3rd and 4th weeks post operation in treatment group, while in the control group the bony bridge formated at the end of the 6th week post operation, the later weeks the callus stopped in formation and the remodeling phase started until the end of the 12th weeks post operation. The histopathological examination at the end of 6th weeks post operation in treatment groups revealed increase in the trabecula bone formation, seemed mature and wide and well mineralized with little cavity within the trabecula bone, while in the control groups, thin and less mineralization with large cavity inside the trabecula bone formation. At the end of 12th weeks post operation in the treatment groups mature trabecula bone formation, well mineralized, widening and lamellar bone formation circling the bony device and partially bone incorporation, the empty osteocyte lacuna of the bony device filled with osteocytes and blood vessels invaded the haversian canal, while the control groups the trabecula bone thin, less mineralized with many cavity, not converted to lamellar bone some of the empty lacuna within the bony device still not filled with osteocytes, with increase in the diameters of the haversian canal. All the physical and mechanical analysis done and the results revealed that the treatment group more dense and hardness than the control group and when exposed to

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pressure and heat to analysed the fracture tolerance the results showed that the treatment group more resistant to pressure and can tolerate the fracture test more than the control group.

Conclusions: Low Level Therapy of Continuous Diode Laser promote the partially bony incorporation of the scaffold bony implantation with the recipient femoral bone and can successfully fill the empty space, support the weight after removing the internal fixation methods, with no body rejection.

Key words

Crab Shell, Chitosan, Histological Appreciation, Hydroxyapatite, Bone Fracture.

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Oral Presentation-AB-156 Alcoholic Addicted and its Relation with Some Immunological Parameters

Hassin Noori Shaalan, Frial G. Abd, Azhar O. Althahab and Lubna Abdul Muttalib Al_shalah*

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Alcohol addicted have high burden on the society and health of human, about 76.4 million people worldwide have criteria for alcohol use disorders. Alcohol alters immune function in many parameters.

Objectives & Methodology: The urine and blood samples were collected from 30 persons who were drinking for different duration times, age between 20-65 years during April – June 2019 in Al- Najaf government. Alcohol addicted was determined by two methods rapid test and screening test, IgE concentration in serum were measured by mini vitas, C3 and C4 concentrations were measured by Mancini plates.

Results: The prisoners were divided according the crime into crowding and accidental car 14 while 16 with quarrel. Alcohol addicted was determined by two method rapid test and screening test, IgE concentration in serum were measured by mini vitas and found that in person who drinking alcohol higher than control group in different duration time (less than 10, 10-20, more than 20 years) as 109.9, second group 10.05 while third group 80.82 compared with control 4. 26. C3 and C4 concentrations were decreased compare with control.

Conclusions: This study found alcohol effect on some immunological parameters and differs in different duration time for drinking alcohol.

Key words

Alcohol, IgE, Complement component, Immunity.

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Oral Presentation-AB-160 A Study for Malondialdehyde and Lipid Profile Levels in Ischemic Stroke Patients with and Without Diabetes Mellitus

Majid Abdulwahab Maatook1,*, Dheyaa Sh. Hammad2

1Southern Technical University, Basrah, Iraq. 2Health and Medical Technology College, Basrah, Iraq E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke. It occurs when a blood clot blocks the flow of blood to the brain. It includes thrombotic and embolic strokes. A thrombotic stroke occurs when a blood clot forms in one of the arteries that supply blood to the brain. A clot may be caused by fatty deposits (plaque) that build up in arteries and cause reduced blood flow (atherosclerosis). An embolic stroke occurs when a blood clot forms away from the brain (commonly in the heart) and when break up it escape through the bloodstream to lodge in narrower brain arteries.

Objectives & Methodology: To study the levels of Malondialdehyde as lipid peroxidation marker and lipid profile in ischemic stroke patients with and without diabetes. The study was conducted on 118 subjects, 32 ischemic stroke patient with diabetes, 36 ischemic stroke patient without diabetes, and 50 healthy subjects as normal control. Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol (TC), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and Triglyceride (TG) were assessed in all three groups.

Results: Diabetic and non-diabetic ischemic stroke patients demonstrated significantly increase of MDA, LDL, VLDL, TG and total cholesterol when compared with control subjects, but with more increases in diabetic ischemic stroke patients. The study has also revealed that there is significantly decrease in the activity of HDL in both patient groups when compared with healthy control group, but with less decrease in the HDL in diabetic ischemic stroke group.

Conclusions: Assessment of MDA and lipid profile may be useful in early detection and monitoring diabetic patients with an increased risk of ischemic stroke.

Key words

Ischemic stroke, Lipid peroxidation, Malondialdehyde lipid profile.

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Oral Presentation-AB-167 Evaluation of Antithrombin lll Levels in Pregnancy by Radial Immunodiffusion (RID)

Aamer M. Ali1, Eman Mobder Nayif1 and Zeena Abdull llah2

1Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Iraq. 2Department of chemistry and biochemistry, College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Iraq E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Albumin is a protein whose serum levels decrease in inflammatory conditions such as periodontal diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in serum albumin levels in patients with and without periodontal diseases before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment and its relationship with clinical variables of periodontal disease.

Objectives & Methodology: This study included forty five pregnant women divided in three groups depend on trimester first, second and third each group contains fifteen with fifteen of non-pregnant as a healthy control. The estimation of antithrombin lll (AT) concentration in serum by used radial immunodiffusion technique (RID).

Results: The (AT) is affected in first trimester and decline below the normal value and compared with healthy control individual. The concentration were (5.1-21) mg/ml. The concentration were the normal value antithrombin that(20-40) mg/dl, this include the clinical significant p(0.001). While the second trimester is less effected, its lees decline compare with healthy control individual. The concentrations were (17.5-31) mg/dl. While antithrombin in the third trimester is not affected, the concentration (41-27) mg/dl compare with healthy control is non-significant p (0.08) Thus, it could possibly be assumed that the level of anti-thrombin not affected to an extent that is clinically non-significant.

Conclusions: Reporting blood levels of antithrombin is a clinical value to pregnancy. Furthermore, this study showed the first trimester more affected and the second trimester less extend in effected that level was compared with levels in healthy individuals. AT deficiency is associated with an increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and pregnancy loss. The test is important to monitoring the antithrombin level in the period of first trimester.

Key words

Antithrombin lll, Pregnancy, Radial immunodiffusion.

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Oral Presentation-AB-184 Frequency of Microbial Infections among Oncology Patients; Microbial Etiology, Immunological Assessment and Drug-Resistance Spectrum Profile of Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Cancer

Sama J. AL-Zuwaini1, Lena Fadhil Aljibouri2 and Ali Hussein Al-Marzoqi1

1College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. 2College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq Abstract Background: Patients with cancer are at a high risk of infection and often the focus of the infection is not apparent. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) have been the leading complications in such patients. In adult patients with malignancies, the crude mortality rates of BSIs range from 18%-42%. A variety of factors including frequent hospitalization, exposure to invasive procedures, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and chemotherapy make cancer patients more susceptible to BSIs. Chemotherapy renders cancer patients to be neutropenic making them more susceptible to potentially life-threatening BSIs Objectives & Methodology: This study was performed to investigate the epidemiology of bloodstream infection (BSI) in oncology patients in Al Hillah Hospital, Iraq, with focus placed on the most common causes, complications, and antimicrobial susceptibilities in BSI. This study was conducted at a cancer center in Merjan Hospital with cancer patients. Blood culture samples sent during the evaluation of patients with clinical diagnosis of febrile neutropenia From April 2015 to June 2016 were analyzed. The microbiological and antibiotic sensitivity patterns were studied. Results: A total of 239 febrile cancer patients were included in the study: 126 (52.71%) females and 113 (47.28%) males. The mean age of study participants was 32.4 years. Biggest group among male was as follow (table 1); Colorectal Cancer 39 (34.5%), Liver cancer consist 23 (20.35%), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 22 (19.47%), Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 13 (11.50%) of the participants. In contrast with female; Breast cancer 38 (30.2%), Colorectal Cancer 15 (11.9%), Liver cancer consist 19 (15.1%), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 17 (13.5%), Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 18 (14.3%) of the participants. All the patients with cancer received chemotherapy. The distribution of the 1007 BSI-causing microorganisms among 239 cancer cases were summarized in Table 2. Escherichia coli 169 (16.7%), Staphylococcus aureus 117 (11.6%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) 86 (8.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 72 (7.4%), Enterococci sp. 65 (6.4%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae 52 (5.1%). These species were the most frequently isolated bacteria. The results of antimicrobial patterns percentage of common resistance isolates from blood culture displays major antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the bacterial and fungal isolates causing BSI. Resistance to Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol was higher than other antibiotics. The cytokine patterns in serum samples from the study populations was referred that there are significant elevation in all immunological factors among BSI group associated with Cancer comparing with control, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-6. Conclusions: BSI in these patients was caused mainly by Gram-Negative (>60%) bacteria and was associated with a low case-fatality rate. These results are consistent with worldwide experience of BSI in oncology. Key words Cancer, cytokine, Bloodstream Infection, Oncology, drug-resistance. 113

1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Oral Presentation-AB-194 The Effect of TNF-α, IL-8 and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Immune Alteration Phenotype in Pathogenesis of Hepatitis C Virus Patients

Ali Anok Njum* and Rima N. Hasan

AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: The dysregulation in pBLs was pronounced in HCV patients and correlated with disease stages.

Objectives & Methodology: project attempts to estimate the manifestation of stimulated indicators on pBL,as the manifestation of CD45 & CD74 in patients infected with HCV assessment of TNF-α and IL-8 serum ranks in patients with HCV, associate the consequences of pBL– stimulation indicators appearance and serological valuation of TNF-α &IL-8 using multiple infection phases. A total of 84 seropositive patients for HCV were screened for this study .Patients attended general lab. of Al-Muthanna province, because of abdominal pain, jaundice and loss of appetite and other liver complaint, any serum samples expressed positive for anti-HCV antibodies directly choose to show level of TNF-α & IL-8 in serum of patient and show expression of CD45 and CD74 in pBL in HCV patients.

Results: Results showed that serum samples were analysed for IL-8 & TNF-α by ELISA, showed highly significant increases (p < 0.05) in serum level of HCV patients as compared with healthy control groups, acute HCV revealed high as well as, increases in serum level of TNF-α significantly (p < 0.05), while chronic liver disease patients express high increase in serum level of IL-8 significantly (p < 0.05). Activated markers study revealed high expression of CD74 & CD45 in HCV patients as compared with healthy normal groups, where acute HCV patients were showed significantly (p < 0.05) high expression in CD74 & CD45 compared with other HCV patients.

Conclusions: From cytokines, CD74 and CD45 expression the results point to the pathogenesis of HCV infection is relatively due to the immunologic response, plenty of interleukins & chemokine are elaborate in the progress of the inflammatory process by altering the evolution of the inflammatory via changing the native T h0 response to a T h1,T h2 or mixed T h1 & T h2 response.

Key words

TNF-α, IL-8, Lymphocytes Immune Alteration, Phenotype and HCV patients.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Poster Presentation-AB-17 Pulp Response Capped by Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi*, Mukhaled L. Ali, Dhuha M. Hasan and Ammar Hadi Shaalan

Dentistry Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babel, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Four neurotrophins (NTFs) are a family of structurally related proteins with specific effects on the developing nervous system and non-neuronal differentiating cells. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has role in differentiation of pulp cells into mineralizing active cells, and that was identified as survival factor, development and function of dental tissues.

Objectives & Methodology: The study was designed to illustrate pulp response capped by brain-derived neurotrophic factor after mechanical trauma. Brain derived neurotrophic factor was used as pulp capped material for maxillary anterior teeth of (12) rat following the mechanical traumatized procedure. Pulp reaction was studied histologically from the first cutting procedure, followed by interval periods (48, 72, 168 hours), Sixteen for each period.

Results: Illustrated an enhancement of pulp healing represented by newly apposition of reparative dentine with presences of active angiogenesis followed by globular mineralization that coincides with proceeding interval time.

Conclusions: The study suggests that BDNF contributes in pulp healing and can be addressed to a more conservative treatment approach.

Key words

Brain derived neurotrophic factor, Dental pulp, Pulp cell.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Poster Presentation-AB-26 Lapin Compression Study of Mucosal Versus Systemic Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses with LPS and H Antigen Extracted from Burkholderia cepacia

Samah Ahmed Kadhum

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The uses of vaccine in experimental animals considered to be the goal in vaccine applications to eradicate Burkholderia infections or to provide the protective immunity against it in the host.

Objectives & Methodology: The objectives of this study explain the effective role of LPS and H antigens extracted from B. cepacia in experimental rabbits via multisites injection protocol at humoral and cellular, systemic and local levels. Four successive doses of these antigens were extracted from B. cepacia that isolated from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis were admitted to the Tuberculosis Center in Babylon injected into rabbits.

Results: We found that these antigens stimulate both specific humoral systemic and mucosal, agglutinin and haemagglutinins antibody titers with a significant an increased (p≤0.05) in the concentrations of immunoglobulins types in addition to the significant an increased in the concentrations of the complements compartments C3 and C4 at rabbits sera. Cell-mediated immunity was represented by Phagocytic activity by polymorphnuclear cells and E- rosette forms of T lymphocytes with an increased in the concentrations of TNF-α at serum and mucosal levels that played an important role in the control of infection

Conclusions: These antigens considered to be the better imunogen that could be used with high efficacy vaccine to eradicate bacterial inflammation by induction of systemically and locally immune responses.

Key words

Burkholdaria cepacia, flagellar antigen, LPS, Immune responses.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Poster Presentation-AB-27 Antibacterial Activities of Chlorine Gas and Chlorine Dioxide Gas Against some Pathogenic Bacteria

Amal Talib Al-Sa'ady1,*, Habeeb S. Nahar2 and Faisil F. AL-Salamy2

1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Infection control in hospitals is the key strategy for prevention of nosocomial infections by breaking down the transmission rout of infection from the source to susceptible patient by using of suitable disinfectants.

Chlorine Dioxide Gas (ClO2) and Chlorine Gas (Cl2) are promising alternative to other chlorine-releasing disinfectants.

Objectives & Methodology: Using the fumigation by Controlled-Release Chlorine Dioxide Gas and Chlorine Gas in sub-toxic levels as an effective disinfectant's technique in hospitals to control the nosocomial bacterial infections. Sixty-five samples were collected from different sources, clinical and environmental, of Babylon Hospital for Pediatric and Gynecology and Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital through a period of 7 months (from September 2017 to March 2018). Bacteriological analysis of these samples resulted in isolation of eight types of bacteria represented by; Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus epidermidis. An antibacterial efficacy test of Controlled-Release ClO2 and Cl2 was performed for against these bacteria.

Results: Results indicated that both of ClO2 and Cl= revealed a remarkable antibacterial potency against all of tested bacteria being ClO2 was more active compared with Cl2. However, the efficacy of these gases dependent on the concentration value for each and the type of tested organism.

Conclusions: Both chlorine dioxide gas and chlorine gas can be used as disinfectant in the hospitals in lower sub- toxic concentrations because both have clear antibacterial effectiveness against pathogenic nosocomial bacteria and bacteria causing pneumonia, either Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. But, chlorine dioxide gas has antibacterial activity more than those of chlorine gas.

Key words

Chlorine dioxide gas, Chlorine gas, Antibacterial disinfectants, Clinical and environmental bacterial isolates.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Poster Presentation-AB-39 Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Combretastatin A-4 Analogues

Rajab Abu-El-Halawa1, Asim A. Balakit2, * and Ali Hadi Saud2

1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Bayt University, Jordan.

2College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: This work involves the synthesis and characterization of series of novel compounds as Combretastatin A-4 analogues involve of 1,2,4-triazole core in their structures with various substituents, the target compounds are deigned to have the requirements of the anticancer activity of the natural anticancer Combretastatin A-4.

Objectives & Methodology: A series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are designed as Combretastatin A-4 analogues with 4-nitrophenyl group and different aliphatic alkyl substituents, the designed compounds were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized compound were tested as anticancer agents against human cancer laryngeal (Hep-2) cell line, the cytoxicity of the synthesized compounds were evaluated by the treatment of human normal kidney (Vero) cell line.

Results: The obtained results revealed the compound (A3) which has n-propyl substituent is the most active one and has lowest cytotoxicity against normal cells, this compound has the lowest IC50 value within the tested series.

Conclusions: Compound A3 could be considered as promising anticancer agent and good candidate for further pharmacological studies.

Key words

Combretastatin A-4, Synthesis, 1,2,4-triazole, Antitumor.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Poster Presentation-AB-82 Detection of Vitamin D Serum Level in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis from Al Hilla City, Iraq

Mustafa Jawad Abed Al Imari1,*, Haider Abdulameer2, Wathiq Essam Hameed1, Fuad Ghazi Hassan1

1Pathological Analysis Technique department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. 2Community medicine MOH. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Recent studies proofed vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency had been implicated in the emerging of many autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. The study aim was to detect vitamin D serum level in RA Iraqi patients and relationship between vitamin D and progressive of this disease.

Objectives & Methodology: A total of 39 serum samples of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cases admitted to biological injection centre in Marjan medical city/Hillah/Babylon were compared with 39 serum sample of apparently healthy control. The serum level of vitamin D was detected for all study samples by VIDAS® system from biomerieux.

Results: A total of 39 include 12 male and 27 female divided to three groups of deficiency sufficiency and insufficiency. The mean ±SD age of RA cases was 41.6±12.5. The mean ± SD concentration of vitamin D for RA patients and control was 23.05ng/ml ±23.05, 47.11ng/ml±18.13 respectively. The serum level of vitamin D was significantly decreased in RA patients compared to control.

Conclusions: The study concluded that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency consider one of predisposing factors related to increase RA incidence especially in female.

Key words Vitamin D, Autoimmune disease, Rheumatoid arthritis.

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1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

Poster Presentation-AB-83 Study of Some Biochemical Parameters in Chronic Renal Failure Pre and Post Dialysis

Wafaa H. Ajam

Department of Medical Laboratory techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Chronic renal failure is the progressive loss of function of kidney and patient requires a long treatment in the form of renal replacement therapy. Haemodialysis is one of the renal replacement therapy, during which body’s waste products, including creatinine, urea and excess water, are removed. Hyperkalaemia is a commonly encountered problem in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Objectives & Methodology: This study was carried out on 25 patients (16males,9 females) with chronic renal failure aged (15-75)year are admitted to al-dialysis unit in Merjan teaching hospital which compared with 25 healthy subjects as control group. The aim of this study is to investigate some biochemical parameters included urea, creatinine, sodium, chloride and potassium in the serum of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after haemodialysis.

Results: In comparative study between pre and post haemodialysis cases, the serum urea, creatinine showed significant decrease (P<0.0001) in post-dialysis compared to pre-dialysis. There was a significant effect of Haemodialysis on serum electrolytes particularly serum potassium levels. The pre-Haemodialysis K+ was 4.48± 0.83 mmol/L and post-haemodialysis K+ was 3.69±0.65 mmol/L (P<0.001). The pre-haemodialysis Na+ was136.5±4.14 and post - haemodialysis Na+ was138.6 ±4.41 (P = 0. 03). The pre- haemodialysis Cl- was 106.12 ± 4.02 and post-haemodialysis Cl- was 107.12 ± 4.11 (P= 0.06 NS).

Conclusions: We conclude the decrease in the level of urea, creatinine in post dialysis patients compared with pre dialysis patients with CRF is due to that haemodialysis which removes toxins from the blood by a closed –loop process where the blood of the patient and is continuously being withdrawn, dialyzed, and returned to the patient. Serum potassium was significantly decreased in post-haemodialysis states compared with pre- haemodialysis levels. Although serum sodium, serum chloride levels not significantly affected after haemodialysis. Post-haemodialysis serum potassium decrement (<3.5mmol/L) may have an arrhythmogenic potential and Haemodialysis is a prefer technique to correct biochemical abnormalities in ESRD patients.

Key words

Chronic renal failure, Haemodialysis, Hyperkalaemia.

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