sign in sign up
<<
Home , Ark (software), Dolphin (file manager), GOS (operating system), InfraRecorder, KWallet, KWrite

Index

-get program, 298, 300 • Symbols • archives, creating, 299–300, 410–411 , 284 * (asterisk) wildcard, 320 assistive features, 85–86, 102, 163, 355 $ (dollar sign) in shell prompts, 316 Assistive Technologies Preferences . (dot) in fi lenames, 317 dialog , 85–86 “ (double quotes) in shell commands, 326 asterisk (*) wildcard, 320 .. (double-dot) directories, 115 atd (actions scheduler), 355 --help option, 319 ATI video drivers, 282, 283 ? (question mark) wildcard, 320 audio, 103, 249–253, 260, 355. See also music > redirection operator, 327–328 audio cards, 34, 252–253, 372 >> redirection operator, 328 audio fi le support, 259 / (root directory), 108, 109 Audio Visual Interleave (AVI) format, 271 / (root mount point), 49 auth.log fi le, 361 . (single dot) directories, 115 automated crash reports support, 355 ‘ (single quotes) in shell commands, 325, 326 automated programs, storage location, 110 ~ (tilde) in shell prompts, 316, 317 AVI (Audio Visual Interleave) format, 271 • A• • B • About Me settings (KDE), 102 backgrounds, desktop, 82–83 accessibility features, 85–86, 102, 163, 355 backups, system, 398 actions scheduler, 355 badblocks command, 415 Add and Remove Software utility (KDE), 103 banner pages, 345–346 adding widgets (KDE), 94, 95–98 Base, OpenOffi ce.org, 214, 235–241 add-ons, , 160, 164–165 base directory, 108, 109 add/remove programs, 306, 307–308 BASH BUILTINS help information, 411–412 addresses, computer, 142, 149 bash shell (Bourne again shell) administration, system, 331, 332–339, 416 command history, 321–322 Administration programs (KDE), 90 commands, 411–412 administrator fi les, 109, 111 described, 313, 314 administrator login accounts, 50 help information, 329, 411–412 administrivia, defi ned, 2 long commands, 320–322 alias command, 411 pipes, 327, 328–329 Always on Visible Workspace option, 73 redirecting, 327–328 , 255, 256–258 COPYRIGHTEDscrolling MATERIAL up, 328 anacron (actions scheduler), 355 starting session, 314 Appearance Preferences dialogbox, 78, 79–85 syntax, 317–319 Apple QuickTime video formats, 266, 271 variables, 322–326 application, defi ned, 3 bash_history fi le, 322 Application Launcher widget (KDE), 96 .bashrc fi le, 326 applications, described, 305. See also software Basic Input/Output System (BIOS), viewing/ Applixware Offi ce, 214 setting, 24–25, 37–38 apropos command, 410 battery meter gadget, 290 424 For Dummies, 9th Edition

Battery Monitor widget (KDE), 96 ISO image fi les, burning, 43, 54, 400 benevolent dictators, 15 virtual server options, 378 Binary Clock widget (KDE), 96 CDs BIOS (Basic Input/Output System), viewing/ audio, burning, 262–264 setting, 24–25, 37–38 burn speed, 43 BitTorrent, 173–175 burning software, 133 Blogger, 293 copying music from, 254, 260–262 bluetooth device management, 355, 356 damaged, fi xing, 43 Bogofi lter spam fi ltering program, 199 data, burning, 135–138, 420 boot environment, changing, 402–404 listening to, 253–255 Boot from Local Drive option (Fedora), 54 troubleshooting, 43 boot information, storage location, 109 writable, 133 boot loader, 52, 58, 405–406 Certifi ed, defi ned, 35 boot process. See also dual-boot systems chgrp command, 413 from CD/DVD, 38, 42 chmod command, 413 confi guration fi les, 110 chown (change owner) command, 117, 413 Fedora, 54, 61–63 clear command, 329 from hard drives, 54 CLI (command-line interface), 313, 402–404, 409 troubleshooting, 404, 405–406 CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide , 44 Semiconductor) storage, 38 boot.log fi le, 361–362 codecs, 259, 267, 282 Bourne again shell. See bash shell Color Picker widget (KDE), 96 Bourne shell, 314 Comic Strip widget (KDE), 96 Braille display management, 355 command completion, 320–321 CD-burning utility, 138 command prompt, 2–3 breadcrumbs, fi le manager, 129 command-line interface (CLI), 313, 402–404, 409 bringing programs to the front, 72 commands, defi ned, 3 bunzip2 command, 410 comma-separated (CSV) fi le format, 224 bunzip/bunzip2 fi le types, 298 commercial software, licensing, 10 burning CD/DVDs. See CDs; DVDs Common Printing System (CUPS), 339. See .bz/.bz2 fi les, 298 also Printer Confi guration tool bzfl ag (game), 283 Compatible, defi ned, 35 bzip program, 298 compilation, 14 bzip/ fi le types, 298 Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor bzip3 command, 410 (CMOS) storage, 38 program, 299, 411 compressing fi les, 299–300, 410–411 • • computer activity logger, 355 Computer desktop icon, 73 C (computer programming language), 11, 111 Computer Management Tool (Windows), 28–29, Calc, OpenOffi ce.org, 214, 219, 220–224, 293 31–32, 36, 37 Calculator gadget, 290 conferencing technology, 177–178 Calculator widget (KDE), 96 confi guration fi les, storage location, 109 case sensitivity, in fi lenames, 108 controls, customizing theme, 82 cat command, 322, 329, 414 cookies, managing, 161 cd command, 412 software, 14 CD/DVD Creator window (Nautilus), 133 copyright, 14, 158, 271, 274, 368 CD/DVD drives core Linux distributions, 16–17 booting from, 38, 42 cost, Linux, 12 disk controllers, 25 Index 425 cp command, 412 disks, hard. See hard drives CPU frequency manager, 355 Display utility (KDE), 103 CPU utilization, viewing, 352 displays, computer, 103, 362, 404 crash recovery, 48 distributions, 16–18, 399–400. See also crontab command, 417 Fedora full distribution; Ubuntu LiveCD CrossOver Offi ce software, 266 distribution CSV (comma-separated) fi le format, 224 DivX video fi le format, 271 CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System), 339. See DivX Web Player plugin, 266 also Printer Confi guration tool DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act), 274 Custom Application Launcher, 75 Do not use partition type (Ubuntu), 48 Customize Theme dialog box, 79, 82 dollar sign ($) in shell prompts, 316 Dolphin fi le manager, 90, 119, 128–135, 299–300 dot (.) in fi lenames, 317 • D • double quotes (“) in shell commands, 326 double-dot (..) directories, 115 daemon.log fi le, 362 downloaded music, listening to, 255–259 data fi les, storage location, 109 downloads, 160, 161 Data Interchange Format (DIF), 223 fi le types, 298 data transfer, to Linux from old OS, 22 Dr. Hardware detection tool, 36 Date & Time utility (KDE), 103 Draw, OpenOffi ce.org, 214, 231–234 Date and Time applet, 72 drawers, 77 dBase (DBF) format, 223 drivers, 35, 38 . packages, 298, 300 du command, 318–319, 412 core , 16–17 dual-boot systems, 21–24, 26, 133–134, 405–406 Default Applications settings (KDE), 102 DVD-ROM drives. See CD/DVD drives defragmenting fi les, 33–34 DVDs Delete from command, 74 audio, burning, 262–264 dependencies, described, 304 bootable for installing, 38 depmod command, 417 burning software, 133 Desktop Editor (KDE), 95 copyright issues, 274 desktop environments, switching between, 87. data, burning, 135–138, 420 See also GNOME desktop; KDE image-burning software, 43, 54, 400 developers, contributing, 15 installation, creating, 54 Development programs (KDE), 90 troubleshooting, 43 device drivers, storage location, 109 watching, 274 Device Manager Tool (Windows), 36, 37 writable, 133 df command, 412 dwells, mouse, 86 DHCP, 142 dynamically expanding storage, virtual server, 368 Dictionary widget (KDE), 96 DIF (Data Interchange Format), 223 digital audio players, interfacing with, 258 Digital Clock widget (KDE), 93, 96 • E • Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), 274 echo command, 321 directories, 108, 109, 110, 111, 115 Education programs (KDE), 90 disabilities, features for people with, 85–86, 102, effects, visual interface, 84–85 163, 355 effi ciency, Linux, 12 Disk Defragmenter tool, 33–34 802.1x security settings, 149 Disk Management Tool (Windows), 27–28 eject command, 415 disk-controllers, 25–26 Eject option for removable media, 132 426 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

Ekiga Phone software, 177–179 icons, desktop, 73 e-mail installation, 54, 55–61 applications available, 183 installation, preliminary steps, 42 environment variable, 323 installation, 135 Evolution package, 71, 184, 185–191, 192 license agreement, 62 information needed for, 183–184 OpenOffi ce.org, installation, 214 KMail package, 193–195, 196–200 popularity, 42 security, 184 profi le information, 63 service, internal, 357 Samba availability, 382 spam, 192, 199–200 System Settings utility, 99 storage location, 109 text-based interface, 54 troubleshooting, 362 time server, setting up, 62–63 emoticons, KDE, 100 updating, 300–304 Empty Trash command, 73–74 upgrading, 312 encryption, data, 57 user accounts, 56, 62 env command, 325, 411 video drivers, 282 environment variables, 322–324, 325, 326, 411 Web sites, 274 error, command line standard, 327 Fedora Network Confi guration tool, 142 /etc directory, 109, 110 Fedora Project online resources, 39, 274 e2fack command, 415 Fedora User Manager tool, 332–339 e2label command, 415 Fedora yum software installer, 282–283, 298, Evolution e-mail software, 71, 184, 185–191, 192 300, 357 executable fi les, described, 14. See also Fiftee Puzzle widget (KDE), 97 software File Archive Manager applications, 284 execute permissions, 117 fi le command, 413 Exit button (KDE), 94 option (KDE), 90 export command, 411 fi le managers. See also Dolphin fi le manager; ext2/ext3/ext4 fi lesystems, 48 fi le manager/browser; Nautilus extended partitions, 26 fi le manager extensions, browser, 164, 269 command line, 111, 112–115 default, 119–120 graphical, 119–120 • F • File Roller, 284 File Searcher search utility, 140 fack command, 415 fi le servers. See fi les, sharing Fast Video Download, 269–270 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) fi le transfers, FAT16/FAT32 fi lesystems, 48 175–177 Favorites (KDE), 89, 90 fi le viewer commands, 414 fdisk tool, 29–31 File Watcher widget (KDE), 97 Fedora distributions, 16, 17 fi les. See also directories Fedora 11, availability, 1 administrator, 109, 111 Fedora full distribution attributes commands, 413 adding software, 306–307, 308–309 compressing, 299–300, 410–411 administrator accounts, 56, 62 confi guration, 109 availability, 38 data, 109 boot, 54, 62–63 defragmenting, 33–34 described, 54 executable, 14 desktop, 95 extensions, proliferation, 297 on DVD, accompanying, 419 hidden, 113, 123 fi rewall, 135 locator commands, 413–414 Gadgets, 287 log, 48, 360–362, 397 graphical interface, 54 Index 427

naming conventions, 108, 113 , 9–10. See also open-source organization commands, 412–413 software owners, 116, 117 (FSF), 14 permissions information, 114 freedom (game), 283 fi les, sharing. See also Samba communication Freshmeat Web site, 80 software FTP (File Transfer Protocol) fi le transfers, BitTorrent, 173–175 175–177 between Linux and , 415–416 FTP services, 360 Linux groups, creating, 383–384 Fuzzy Clock widget (KDE), 97 Microsoft network environment, 381 troubleshooting, 396 using Gnutella network, 181 • G • fi lesystems, 48, 107, 108, 109, 414–415 games, 90, 111, 282–284, 419 FileZilla graphical FTP program, 175–177 gateway address, 142 find command, 322, 414 gedit , 201, 202–207 Firefox Web browser distribution, described, 17 add-ons, 160, 164–165 gFTP graphical FTP program, 175 bookmarks, 160, 166 GIDs (Group ID numbers), 333 confi guring, 158–164 The GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) copyright, 158 described, 274 downloads via, 160, 161 editing images, 278–280 on DVD, accompanying, 419 menu, 67 Flash player, adding, 256 opening, 274 history, 161, 166 screenshots, 277–278 plugins, 266, 267–268 scripting, 280–281 popularity, 158 setup, 274 starting, 71, 158, 266, 293 special effects, 280–281 surfi ng with, 165–167 tools, 275–277 tabs, 166–167 , 274–275 text, 161 GNOME (GNU Network Object Model fi rewalls, network, 53, 357–360, 390 Environment) desktop fi xed-size storage, virtual server, 368 accessibility features, 85–86 FLAC (.) sound format, 260 accessing Windows fi les from Linux, 134 fl ag, defi ned, 3 applets, 71–72, 74, 75–76 fl exibility, Linux, 11 CD/DVD burning utility, 138 fl oppy drives, 91, 133, 372, 378. See also confi guration settings, 69–70 removable media described, 65 fl ower pot Google gadget, 290 desktop, 66, 73, 78, 79–85 Folder View widget (KDE), 94–95, 97 distributions used, 65 folders drawers, 77 managing, 123–124, 126–127, 130, 131 on DVD, accompanying, 419 menu options, 67, 68–69 Firefox Web browser, starting, 158 selecting, 126 fl oppy drive, handling, 133 shared, 372, 378, 384–386, 394–396 icons, 66–67, 71, 73–74, 77, 82, 84 Trash, 126–127 installing, 60 view widget, 94–95, 97 menus, 66, 67–70, 74, 76, 84 folding markers (KWrite), 211 modem, confi guring, 143–145 Font Installer utility (KDE), 103 network drives, accessing, 134–135 Font Rendering Details dialog box, 83–84 origin, 65 fonts, 103, 205, 211 panels, 71–73, 74–77 forward slash (/) fi lesystem syntax, 108 428 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

GNOME (GNU Network Object Model groups Environment) desktop (continued) adding, 337–338 parts, 66–67 creating, 383–384 programs, managing, 76–77 described, 117–118 search utility, 140 management tools, 332–339 shortcut keys, 84 permissions, 116 toolbars, 84 users, adding, 335, 336–337, 338–339, 391–392 in Ubuntu, 65–66 GRUB (Grand Unifi ed Bootloader), 52, 58, variation in, 66 405–406 Web site, 66 grub.conf fi le settings, 405 GNOME Offi ce, 214 Guest Additions, VirtualBox, 378 GNOME Volume Control, 250–251, 252 GUI (), 313, 401, GnomeMeeting package, 177 402–404, 405 GNOME-PPP package for modem connections, guided partition, 46 143–145 gunzip program, 298, 299, 411 GNU, 10, 14 .gz fi les, 298 GNU Image Manipulation Program graphics utility, 298, 299, 411 program. See The GIMP GNU Network Object Model Environment desktop. See GNOME desktop • H • Google Applications, 285, 293–294 hacker ethic, 13 gadget, 290, 293 hard drives. See also partitions Google Desktop applet, 20, 285–286 booting from, 54 Google Documents, 293 defragmenting, 33–34 Google Finance, 293 installation on second, 21, 22–23, 24–25 installing second, 24–25, 32 adding, 292–293 order, 23, 26 customizing, 290–292 space, setting up, 21 described, 285–286 use statistics, 352 included in gOS distribution, 286 hardware installing, 286–289 compatibility, 34–38, 400 starting, 289 existing, determining, 36–38 using, 289–290 fi les, storage location, 109 Google Mail, 293 graphics, 400 , 293 recommended, 420–421 Google News gadget, 290, 293 requirements, Linux, 12 Google Product Search, 293 status, viewing, 351–352 , 293 troubleshooting, 362, 400 Google search bar, 285 Win, 36, 38 gOS, 20, 39 hardware-detection tools, 36 GPL (GNU General Public License), 10, 14 hd0 hard drive, Ubuntu, 52 Grand Unifi ed Bootloader (GRUB), 52, 58, head command, 414 405–406 Height button (KDE), 94 graphical login manager, 355 help graphical user interface (GUI), 313, 401, bash shell, 329, 411–412 402–404, 405 commands, 410, 411–412 graphics, creating/modifying. See The GIMP GNOME, 69, 74 graphics hardware, troubleshooting, 400 --help option, 319 graphics programs (KDE), 91 KDE, 91 Group ID numbers (GIDs), 333 man pages, 314, 319, 329, 409 Index 429

prompts, 412 from included DVD, options, 42 quick-launch icon, 71 making space, 26–27 Hibernate command, 69 on networks, 41 hidden fi les, 113, 123 partitioning hard drive, 21, 22–23, 26–34 hidden wireless networks, 150–151 preparing for, 21–22 Hide/Restore Desktop Applications, 72 replacing existing OS, 21, 22 history command, 322, 411 second hard drive, 21, 22–23, 24–25 HISTSIZE environment variable, 323, 324 space requirements, 26, 32 Home desktop icon, 73 troubleshooting problems, 398–401 home directories, 109 Ubuntu, 19, 43, 44–47, 48, 49–53 HOME environment variable, 323 variation in, 41, 42 Home option (KDE), 91 virtual, 22, 23–24 hotkeys, 103, 355 when running Windows and Linux together, 24 HTML spreadsheet fi le format, 224 as Windows application, 22 Human theme, 79 installing widgets, 98–99 instant messaging (IM), 167–169, 170–173, 181, 293 • I • Internet. See also fi les, sharing; Web browsers; Web sites IcedTea Java Web Browser plugin, 266 described, 157 IceWeasel Web browser, 158 downloads, 160, 161 ICMP fi lter settings, 360 instant messaging, 167–169, 170–173, 181, 293 icons Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 181 customizing theme, 82 Linux tools, availability, 157 GNOME, 66–67, 71, 73–74, 77, 82, 84 RSS reader, 181 KDE, 100 surfi ng, 165–167 Nautilus browser, 73 telephone, 177–181 Network Manager, 150, 151 Internet connection PackageKit , 302 hardware types, 142 IDE hard drive service, 357 testing, 141 IM (instant messaging), 167–169, 170–173, troubleshooting, 150, 152–153 181, 293 via modem, 142, 143–147, 153 image-burning software, 43, 54, 400 via wired network card, 148–150, 153 image scanners, compatibility, 34 via wireless, 150–151, 153 images. See also The GIMP Internet programs (KDE), 91 controlling display of Internet, 162 Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 181 desktop backgrounds, 82–83 Internet Service Provider (ISP) information, IMAP servers, 184 141–142, 183–184 Impress, OpenOffi ce.org, 214, 224–230, 293 interoperability, Linux, 11 Incoming Messages widget (KDE), 97 interpolated string values, 326 info command, 410 IP addresses, 142, 149 InfraRecorder CD image-burning software, 43 IP version 6 (IPv6) protocol service, 357 inodes, 413 ip6tables service, 357 input, command-line standard, 327 iptables service, 357 Input Actions utility (KDE), 103 IPv4 settings, 149 insmod command, 417 IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 181 installation, Linux. See also dual-boot systems ISO image fi les, 43, 54, 298, 371–372, 400 evolution, 41 ISP (Internet Service Provider) information, Fedora, 42, 54, 55–61 141–142, 183–184 hardware compatibility, 34–38 430 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

KMix volume control, 251–252 • J • LiveCD distribution, 18 KOffi ce, 214 Java, enabling/disabling Internet, 163 Kong Profi les Applet widget (KDE), 97 JavaScript, enabling/disabling Internet, 163 Konqueror fi le manager/browser, 90, 119, JFS fi lesystem, 48 130–132, 134–135, 158 journaling fi lesystems, 48 program (KDE), 112, 314–315 Kool , 87. See also KDE instant messaging, 170–172 • K • KPackageKit, 103, 287, 301–304, 308–309 KDE (K Desktop Environment) KPhone, 177 applications, organizing, 90 KPPP package for modem connections, availability, 87 143, 145–147 CD/DVD-burning software, 133 KsCD, 255 confi guration tool, 90 K3b CD and DVD Kreator, 135–137, 262–264 on DVD, accompanying, 419 KTorrent, 173, 175. See also BitTorrent emoticons, defi ning, 100 distribution, 87 Firefox Web browser, starting, 158 KVM virtual server software, 364 fl oppy drive, handling, 133 KWallet wizard, 195 fonts, 100, 103 KWrite text editor, 207–211 history, 87 icons, customizing, 100 installing in Fedora, 60 • L • KickOff menu, 92 language, default, 44–45 launch feedback, 101 laptops, compatibility, 36 launching Konqueror Web browser, 90 launch feedback, KDE, 101 modem, confi guring, 143, 145–147 leadership in Linux development, 15 network drives, accessing, 134–135 Left-side pointer button (KDE), 94 notifi cations, 101 less command, 414 quick-search tool, 90 /lib directory, 109 removable media, 133 libraries, storage location, 109, 111 screen saver, 101 licensing, software, 10 search utility, 139 LimeWire fi le-sharing application, 181 splash screen, 100 Linphone, 177 System Settings utility, 90, 91, 99–103 specialized distribution, 20 user interface, 87–88, 89–95, 99–103 Linux variation in, 88, 91, 92 defi ned, 10 Web site, 88 described, 11–12, 13 widgets, 92–99 history, 1, 12 kernel, Linux. Linux operating system See leadership, 15 kernel-module handling commands, 417 ownership, attempts to hijack, 14 keyboard, system, 45 rebuilding, 417 Keyboard & Mouse utility (KDE), 103 replacing existing, 21, 22 keyboard assistive features, 85–86, 102, 163, 355 running with Windows, 24–25, 26 KFind search utility, 139 upgrading, 312 Kget graphical FTP program, 175 LinuxQuestions Web site, 39, 152 KGet widget (KDE), 97 LiveCD distribution, 16, 18–19, 22 KickOff menu, 88, 89–92 ln command, 412 kill command, 417 locate command, 414 killall command, 417 Lock option (KDE), 92 KIRC IRC program, 181 Lock Screen option, 69, 187, 189, 317 KMail e-mail software, 193–195, 196–200 Index 431

Lock Widgets button (KDE), 94 Microsoft PowerPoint fi le format, 230 Lock/Logout widget (KDE), 97 Microsoft Word document formats, 219 log fi les, 48, 360–362, 397 minimizing programs, 72 Log Out user option (Shut Down applet), 70 Minix operating system, 12 logical partitions, 26 mkdir command, 413 Logical Volume Manager (LVM), Fedora, 58 mkfs command, 415 login accounts, 50 mlabel command, 416 login options, 69 mmd command, 416 logout options, 69, 70, 92 MML (MathML) standard, 247 ls command, 112–115, 317, 320, 412 mmount command, 416 lsmod command, 417 mmove command, 416 Luna widget (KDE), 97 /mnt directory, 109 LVM (Logical Volume Manager), Fedora, 58 modems, 142, 143–147, 153 modprobe command, 417 more command, 329, 414 • M • More Settings button (KDE), 94 mount command, 415 MAC (Media Access Control) address, mount points, 49 setting, 149 mounting partitions, 49 Macromedia Flash Player, 256 mouse assistive features, 85–86, 102, 163, 355 magnifi ers, screen, 85 mouse integration, 376 MAILCHECK environment variable, 323 mouse settings, KDE, 103 maillog fi le, 362 MOV (Apple QuickTime) video format, 266, 271 man (manual) pages, 314, 319, 329, 409 Move to Another Workspace option, 73 man command, 410 Move to Workspace Right option, 73 Mandriva distribution, 17 Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPG/MPEG) manual partitions, 46–49 fi le formats, 271 masquerading, 360 moving programs between workspaces, 72, 73 Master Boot Record (MBR), bootloader Mozilla, 158. See also Firefox Web browser storage in, 52 MozPlugger plugin, 266 master devices, 25 MP3 music fi les, 249, 259, 260 Master Volume Control applet, 72 MPG/MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) Math, OpenOffi ce.org, 214, 241–246, 247 fi le formats, 271 MathML (MML) standard, 247 mtools, 415–416 MBR (Master Boot Record), bootloader MTU (Media Transfer Unit) size, setting, 149 storage in, 52 multicast DNS service discovery, 356 mcd command, 415 multimedia hardware, compatibility, 34 mcopy command, 415 Multimedia programs (KDE), 91, 103 mdel command, 415 multiplatform capability, Linux, 11 mdeltree command, 415 multiprocessor capability, Linux, 11 mdir command, 415 multiuser capability, Linux, 11 mdmonitor service, 357 music. See also audio mdu command, 416 CD/DVD, listening to, 133, 253–255 Media Access Control (MAC) address, digital audio players, interfacing with, 258 setting, 149 downloaded, 255–259 /media directory, 109, 110 MP3, 249, 259, 260 Media Transfer Unit (MTU) size, setting, 149 online, 256 memory use, viewing, 352 RealPlayer, 249 messages log fi le, 361, 362 ripping, 254, 260–262 mformat command, 416 mv command, 413 Microsoft Excel spreadsheet formats, 223–224 Microsoft network environment, 381 432 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

ODP (OpenDocument Presentation) format, 230 • N • ODS (OpenDocument Spreadsheet) format, 223 ODT (OpenDocument) format, 219 names Offi ce and Productivity application software computer, 50 (Fedora), 59 fi lesystem, 108, 113 Offi ce programs (KDE), 91 nameserver IP address, 142 offi ce suites, Linux, 213–214 Nautilus browser icons, 73 .oga ( ) sound format, 260 Nautilus fi le manager Only on This Workspace option, 73 accessing Windows fi les from Linux, 134 open-source community, 15 browser mode, 120–121, 122 open-source software, 10, 13, 14, 15 CD/DVD burning, 137–138 openarena (game), 283 described, 119 OpenDocument fi le formats, 219, 223, 230, 247 fi le/folder management, 123–127 OpenOffi ce.org fi les, compressing, 299–300 database, 214, 235–241 icon, 73 described, 213 navigating with, 120–121, 122 drawing graphics, 214, 231–234 permissions, managing, 127–128 on DVD, accompanying, 419 programs, running, 124 installing, 214 showing hidden fi les, 123 math, 214, 241–246, 247 spatial mode, 120, 122 opening applications, 214 starting, 121 presentation graphics, 214, 224–230, 293 view options, 122–123 spreadsheets, 214, 219, 220–224, 293 ndiswrapper project, 150 word processing, 213, 214, 215, 218–219, 293 netmask, 142 OpenOffi ce.org fi le formats, 223, 230, 234 network adapters, virtual server options, 378 OpenSuSe distribution, 17 network address, 142, 149 /opt directory, 109 network data, viewing amount, 352 option, defi ned, 3 network drives, 109, 134–135 other, permissions, 116 Network File Sharing (NFS4) service, 360 OTP OpenOffi ce.org fi le formats, 230 Network Manager, 147, 148–150, 151 OTS (OpenOffi ce.org 1.0 Spreadsheet) Network option (KDE), 91 format, 223 network settings, proxies, 53 output, command line standard, 327 Network Settings utility (KDE), 102 output redirection, 327–328 Network Time Protocol (NTP), setting up, 63 owners, fi le, 116, 117 NetworkManager applet, 72 networks, 110, 372, 373 neverball (game), 283 neverputt (game), 283 • P • New Device Monitor widget (KDE), 93, 97, 133 Package Installer program, 288 NFS4 (Network File Sharing) service, 360 package survey, 53 nice command, 418 PackageKit package manager, 103, 287, 301–304, No Wallpaper option (Appearance Preferences 308–309 dialog box), 82–83 package-manager programs Notes widget (KDE), 97 described, 306 Now Playing widget (KDE), 97 PackageKit, 103, 287, 301–304, 308–309 NTP (Network Time Protocol), setting up, 63 , 301, 304–305, 309–310 NVIDIA video drivers, 282, 283 packages, 305, 308–310, 311–312, 364. See also software Pager widget (KDE), 93, 97 • O • Panel Editor widget (KDE), 93–94 parameter, defi ned, 3 ODF (OpenDocument format), 247 partitions ODG (OpenOffi ce.org Drawing) fi le format, creating, 23, 26–34, 47 230, 234 for Linux installation, 21, 22–23, 26–34 Index 433

manual, 46–49 ports, 358, 359, 360, 372. See also fi rewalls, media spanning, 108 network mounting, 49 Post Offi ce Protocol (POP) servers, 142, 184 order information, 23, 26 power management, 356 resizing, 28, 31–32, 47 PPD (Postscript Printer Description) fi les, swap area, 48, 49 selecting, 343–344 types, 26, 28, 46, 48 ppracer (game), 283 viewing in Windows, 27–31 PPT (Microsoft PowerPoint) fi le format, 230 passwd command, 416 Preferences dialog box applet, 76 passwords, 56, 195, 335, 406 Presentation application, 214, 224–230, 293 PATH environment variable, 323 primary key, database, 240 pathname, Dolphin fi le manager, 129 primary partitions, limitations, 26 PC Floppy Drive option (KDE), 91 print classes, 340 PCI components, gathering information on, Printer Confi guration tool 37–38 adding print classes, 340 PCLinuxOS LiveCD distribution, 18 adding printers, 340, 342–344 PCLinuxOS specialized distribution, 20 connection types, 342–343 PCM (Pulse Code Modulation), 250 customizing printers, 340, 344–348 PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card described, 339 International Association) cards, 36 server settings, 340, 341–342 pcscd service, 357 starting, 339 PDF fi les, saving to, 219, 224, 230 user interface, 340 permissions, 114, 115–118, 127–128, 385–386 printers, 110, 346 Personal Computer Memory Card International printing, Linux history, 339 Association (PCMCIA) cards, 36 /proc directory, 109 Personal Files option (KDE), 91 processes, viewing active, 349–351, 354–357 Picture Frame widget (KDE), 97 processes commands, 417–418 Instant Messenger, 167–169, 293 profi le settings, 326 pidof command, 418 program, defi ned, 3 ping program, 152–153 programming pipes, 327 gedit text editor, 201, 202–207 Plasma widgets, 98–99 KWrite text editor, 207–211 platforms supporting Linux, 11 in shells, 326 plugins programs, software. See software browser, 164 prompts, help, 412 described, 205 prompts, shell, 316, 317 DivX Web Player, 266 proxy servers, 102, 163 Firefox, 266, 267–268 ps command, 418 gedit, 202, 205–207 PS1 environment variable, 323, 324–325 IcedTea Java Web Browser, 266 pstree command, 418 MozPlugger, 266 Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), 250 QuickTime, 266 distributions, 18, 19, 20 Shockwave Flash player, 267–268 pwd command, 413 Totem Web Browser, 266, 271–273, 274 video, 266–269 VLC Multimedia, 266 • Q • Windows Media Player, 266 (Apple QuickTime) video format, 271 policies, printer, 346 queries, database, 239 POP (Post Offi ce Protocol) servers, 142, 184 question mark (?) wildcard, 320 pop-up windows, controlling with Firefox, 162 quick-launch icons, GNOME, 71 portability, Linux, 11 quick-search tool (KDE), 90 porting software, 11 QuickTime plugin, 266 434 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

described, 381, 382 • R • distributions, variations in, 382 on DVD, accompanying, 419 Rawhide repository, 59 fi le access, 382 read permissions, 116 groups, assigning users to, 391–392 readers, screen, 85 installation, 386–388 Really Simple Syndication (RSS) readers, 181 preliminary steps before installation, 383–386 RealNetworks (RM) video fi le format, 271 shared folders, 394–396 RealPlayer, 249 sharing policy, 382–383 recovery, rescue mode, 54 troubleshooting, 135, 396 Red Hat distribution, 17 user account creation, 392–393 , hardware Samba service, 360 compatibility, 34–35 sandbox, virtual server, 364, 367, 370–373 redirection, 327–328 /sbin directory, 109 Regional & Language settings (KDE), 102 scalability, Linux, 11 ReiserFS fi lesystem, 48 scanners, compatibility, 34 remote computer access, 102 scorched3d (game), 283 removable media, 92, 93, 109–110, 132–133, 378 Screen Edge button (KDE), 94 renice command, 418 screen magnifi ers, 85 repositories, 59, 98–99 screen readers, 85 rescue mode, Fedora option for, 54 screensavers, 70–71, 101 reset command, 329 script, defi ned, 3 resolution, troubleshooting screen, 404 scripting language, GIMP, 280–281 Restart command, 69 scripting, shell, 326 Restart option (KDE), 92 SDA StarDraw fi le format, 234 restoring programs, 72 SDD StarDraw fi le format, 234 , 253–254, 255, 259, 260 SDD StarImpress fi le format, 230 Rich Text (RTF) format, 219 search path, 321 ripping music tracks, 254, 260–262 searching, 139–140 rm command, 413 Second Life online game, 284 RM (RealNetworks) video fi le format, 271 secure log fi le, 362 rmdir command, 413 security rmmod command, 417 active services, minimizing, 354–357 root directory (/), 108, 109 802.1x settings, 149 root login account, 50, 56 e-mail, 184, 187, 188, 197, 200 root mount point (/), 49 Lock Screen option, 69, 187, 189, 317 Root option (KDE), 91 log fi les, 48, 360–362, 397 root user, 70, 109, 402, 406 password, 335 .rpm fi les, 298, 300 software updates, 353–354 rpm program, 298 updates, Fedora, 301–302 RSS (Really Simple Syndication) readers, 181 selecting multiple items, 74 RTF (Rich Text) format, 219 sendmail service, 357 serial ports, virtual server setup, 372 Services Settings, Ubuntu, 355–356 • S • Services tool, Fedora, 356–357 Samba communication software Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), 177 accessing Windows fi les from, 135 SetGID (SGID) executable fi les, 113 availability, 382 Settings programs (KDE), 91 confi guration, 110, 389–390 SetUID (SUID) executable fi les, 113 Index 435

Setup information, computer, 24–25, 37–38 image burning, 43, 54, 400 SGID (SetGID) executable fi les, 113 installation, 58–61 shell, 314 licensing, 10 shares, described, 382 local, storage location, 111 Sharing utility (KDE), 102 minimizing, 72, 354–357 shell scripting, 326 moving between workspaces, 72, 73 shells. See also bash shell open-source, 10, 13, 14, 15 command syntax, 325, 326 porting, 11 described, 313–314 repositories, 59 programming in, 326 restoring, 72 prompts, 316, 317 services, enabling/disabling, 356–357 selecting, 335 shared, 111 starting programs, 319 starting from shell, 319 types, 313 storage location, 109, 111 wildcards, 320 updating, 103, 353–354 Shockwave Flash player plugin, 267–268 virtual servers, 364 shortcut menu, 74, 76 Software Development application software Show Dashboard widget (KDE), 97 (Fedora), 59 Show Desktop widget (KDE), 97 software packages, 305, 308–310, 311–312, 364 Shut Down commands (GNOME), 69, 70, 72 software RAID services, 357 Shutdown option (KDE), 92 Software Repositories option, Fedora, 59 shutdown process, 110 sound cards, 34, 252–253, 372. See also audio Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP), Sound Juicer, 260–262 142, 184, 360 Sound Preferences dialog, 252, 253 SimplyMEPIS distributions, 18, 20 , described, 14 single dot (.) directories, 115 spam (unsolicited commercial e-mail), fi ltering, single quotes (‘) in shell commands, 325, 326 192, 199–200 SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), 177 spamassassin, 357 , 177, 179–181, 293 SpamBayes spam fi ltering program, 199 distribution, 17 specialized distributions, 19–20 slave devices, 25 splash screen, KDE, 100 LiveCD distribution, 18 /srv directory, 109 SLK (Symbolic Link) format, 224 SSH service, 360 slow keys, 86 stability, Linux, 12 slow mouse clicks, 85 Stallman, Richard, 13–14 smart card reader service, 357 standard error (stderr), 327 smartd service, 357 standard input (stdin), 327 SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol), standard output (stdout), 327 142, 184, 360 StarDraw (SXD) fi le format, 230 software StarImpress (SDD) fi le format, 230 active, viewing, 354–357 StarOffi ce, 214, 219, 224 adding, 103, 305–310 startx command, 402 add/remove, 306, 307–308 stat command, 413 applications, described, 305 stderr (standard error), 327 automated, 110 stdin (standard input), 327 bringing to front, 72 stdout (standard output), 327 confi guration fi les, 110 sticky keys, 85, 86 copyright, 14 Straw RSS program, 181 fi nding, 181, 310–312 su command, 416 free, 9–10 submenus, adding, 77 436 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

sudo command, 402 tilde (~) in shell prompts, 316, 317 SUID (SetUID) executable fi les, 113 time server, 62 Sun VirtualBox. See VirtualBox, Sun time zone, system, 45 superuser, 70, 109, 402, 406 /tmp directory, 109 support for accompanying DVD, 422 tomshardware Web site, for hardware supported, defi ned, 35 compatibility information, 35 Suspend to Disk option (KDE), 92 tools, defi ned, 3 swap area partition, 48, 49 top command, 418 swap space use, viewing, 352 Torvalds, Linus, 1, 12, 15 switch, defi ned, 3 Totem Web Browser plugin, 266, 271–273, 274 Switch User option (KDE), 92 touch command, 413 SXD (OpenOffi ce.org graphics) fi le format, 234 transferring data from old OS to Linux, 22 SXD (StarDraw) fi le format, 230 Transmission software package, 173, 174. See SXM StarOffi ce fi le format, 247 also BitTorrent Symbolic Link (SLK) format, 224 Trash Can, 72, 73–74 Synaptic Package Manager, 301, 304–305, 309–310 Trash folder, 126–127 Synaptic Update System, 312 Trash option (KDE), 91 sync command, 415 Trashcan widget (KDE), 97 /sys directory, 109 troubleshooting System Bell, KDE, 101 audio, 249–253 system commands, 416–418 boot process, 402–404, 405–406 system communication bus, 356 CD/DVD distribution media, 43, 399–400, 422 System Information option (KDE), 91 display, 362, 404 System Log Viewer, 360–361 dual-boot systems, 405–406 System Monitor, 97, 349–352 DVDs, 43 System Notifi cations, (KDE), 101 e-mail, 362 System programs (KDE), 91 fi le sharing, 396 System Settings utility (KDE), 90, 91, 99–103 graphical user interface, 401, 405 System Tray widget (KDE), 93, 97 graphics hardware, 400 system-confi g-display program, 401 GRUB, 405–406 hardware, 362 installation, 398–401 • T • instant messaging, 172–173 Internet connection, 150, 152–153 tabbed browsing, Firefox Web browser, 166–167 password, forgotten, 406 . fi les, 298, 299 process, 397–398 tar program, 298, 299, 411, 414 Samba communication software, 135, 396 tarballs, 297–298, 299, 312 system, 97, 349–352 Task Manager widget (KDE), 93, 97 trusted interfaces, controlling, 359 , 72 trusted services, controlling, 359 telephone over Internet, 177–181 tune2fs command, 415 temporary fi les, location, 109 Microblogging widget (KDE), 97 terminal applications, 314, 316–317, 319 Terminal program (GNOME), 112, 314, 315 text editing applications. See also word processing applications • U • gedit, 201, 202–207 Ubuntu distributions, described, 16, 20 KWrite, 207–211 Ubuntu LiveCD distribution. See also Windows .tgz fi les, 299 Ubuntu Installer themes, browser, 164 adding software, 307–308, 309–310 themes, desktop, 79, 80–82 availability, 38 Index 437

booting, 44, 52 described, 18 • V • desktop, 73, 95 /var directory, 109 dual-boot option, 24 variables, shell, 322–323, 324–326 on DVD, accompanying, 419 vector graphics, described, 232 fi rewall, 358 video, 133, 265, 266–269, 270–273 fonts, 83–84 video cards, 34, 35, 282 Google Gadgets, installing on, 288–289 video games, 90, 111, 282–284, 419 installation, 19, 43, 44–47, 48, 49–53 video programs, settings, 103 popularity, 42 virtual installation, using virtual-server preliminary steps, 42 software, 22, 23–24 Samba availability, 382 virtual servers, 363–364. VirtualBox, Sun space requirements, 47 See also virtual terminal window, 316–317, 319 System Settings utility, 99 VirtualBox, Sun. installation, virtual trying out, 19, 44 See also backups, 377 updating, 304–305 control, switching between virtual server and upgrading, 312 host system, 376 video drivers, 282 described, 23, 364 Ubuntu 9.04 distribution, availability, 1 downloading, 365 Ubuntu Project online resources, 39 Guest Additions, 378 Manager tool, 332 installing, 364, 365–366 ufw Ubuntu fi rewall, 358 operating system, installing, 373–375 UIDs (User ID numbers), 333, 335 operating system shutdown, 374 umount command, 415 options, 376–378 unalias command, 411 servers, creating, 367–370 unallocated partitions, 28 servers, setup, 370–373 uncompress program, 299, 411 starting, 366 universal Linux machines, fi les for, 111 user interface, 366, 370, 375–378 UNIX operating system, history, 12, 13 versions, 365 Unmount option for removable media, 132 VLC Multimedia plugin, 266 unsolicited commercial e-mail (spam), fi ltering, VMWare, 23. installation, virtual 192, 199–200 See also VMWare Server, 364 unzip program, 299, 411 Volume Control applications, 250–251 Update manager, Ubuntu, 304–305 volunteers, contributing, 15 updates Firefox Web browser, 164 Linux, 300–305 USB devices, 92, 93, 109–110, 132–133, 378 • W • user accounts, 72, 109, 390–392 wallpaper, desktop, 82–83 User ID numbers (UIDs), 333, 335 wc command, 413 user managers, 332–339 Weather Globe Google gadget, 290, 291–292 User Switcher applet, 72 Web Browser option (KDE), 90 users group, 117–118 Web browsers, 157–158. See also Firefox Web /usr directory, 109, 111 browser utilities, defi ned, 3 Web clips, 133, 265, 266–269, 270–273 Utilities programs (KDE), 91 Web Server application software (Fedora), 59 438 Linux For Dummies, 9th Edition

Web sites Windows XP, 28–29, 33, 36 CheapBytes, 420 Winzip program, 299 desktop theme resources, 80 wireless card compatibility, 34 Digital Millennium Copyright Act, 274 wireless networks, 150–151, 152–153 Dr. Hardware detection tool, 36 wireless signal meter gadget, 290 Fedora, 274, 282, 420 WMV () video format, fi lesystem standards, 108 266, 271 Firefox, 158, 267, 269 word processing applications, 201, 219. See also games, 283, 284 Writer, OpenOffi ce.org Google Gadgets, 287, 288 Workspace Switcher, 72, 73 gOS Project, 39 workspaces, moving programs between, 72, 73 hardware compatibility information, 35, 36 wrapping of command lines, 3 Linux community, 38–39 write permissions, 116 LinuxQuestions, 39, 152 Writer, OpenOffi ce.org, 213, 214, 215, MathML, 247 218–219, 293 Mozilla, 158 w32codec, 266 offi ce suites, 214 (Windows Ubuntu Installer), 24, 42, 53 software, fi nding, 310–311 WWW services, 360 telephone over Internet, 177 trusted, 354 Ubuntu, 420 • X • video tools, 266, 271, 282 X Window System (X), 110, 111 virtual server, 364 specialized distribution, 20 whatis command, 410 X-Chat IRC program, 181 which command, 414 XFS fi lesystem, 48 widgets, KDE, 92–99 X.org.0.log fi le, 362 wikis, 39 wildcard expansion, 320 Win hardware, 36, 38 window borders, customizing theme, 82 • Y • Windows, running together with Linux, YouTube, 267, 293 24–25, 26 yum software installer, 282–283, 298, 300, 357 Windows 98 OS, 29–31, 34, 36 Windows 2000 OS, 28–29 Windows application, installation of Linux as, 22 • Z • Windows Media Player plugin, 266 .z fi les, 299 Windows Media Video (WMV) video format, .zip fi les, 299 266, 271 zip program, 299, 411 Windows Ubuntu Installer (Wubi), 24, 42, 53 Windows Vista, 27–28, 33, 36