Knowledge Year 7 How England Began Unit #1 “War was inevitable Organiser in Europe in 1914”.

Key Terms Celts – 500BC Romans – 43AD Anglo-Saxons Vikings 800AD In around 500BC, Celts started In AD43, Roman legions landed on AD 793 – The Vikings Migration crossing the sea to get to English soil and claimed the land as part 450AD Saxons started to arrive raided , killing Moving from one place England. They were a collection of the Roman Empire. They are said to from mainland Europe monks and stealing food. of different tribes and were have fought in a great battle against the to another (near Germany) half way They frequently raided attracted to the rich and fertile Celts near the River Thames, before Immigrant through the 5th Century. coastal areas. They came land in England. Over the next attacking the Celtic capital at Without the Romans from Scandinavia where Someone who had few hundred years, the Celts Camulodunum (Colchester). The Romans England was defenceless, there was little food or migrated prospered and left their mark on then turned to the South-West of and it is possible that land to farm. They were England. They introduced new England, destroying the hill forts built Invasion they were invited to come accomplished seamen. innovations such as iron working by the Celts. The Romans introduced Entering country with to defend the island and King Alfred made a pact and iron ploughs for farming. many of the most impressive aspects of in return were given land with the Vikings to give force and violence They also built some defensive their Empire to England. These included to farm. They settled land in Northumbria is Celts forts, some of which can still be Roman law, the first proper roads, and and married into local exchange for ending the Tribes from Northern seen today such as Maiden Castle vegetables such as cabbages, turnips, raids. in Dorset. peas and carrots. populations. Europe – most powerful group in England until the Roman invasion Romans Members of the Roman Empire – the most powerful group n Europe from 100 BC onwards. Based in Rome, Italy. Saxons Tribes from German regions of Europe The Events of 1066 Vikings 5 Jan died. The Witan elected to be the next king of England. Tribes from 6 Jan Harold was crowned as king of England, probably at . Scandinavia 20 Sep and Tostig invaded, with more than 10,000 men in 200 long ships. Anglo- Saxon Earls Edwin Heir and were defeated at Battle of Fulford. 25 Sep Harold Godwinson travelled north to fight Harald Hardrada. In four days he marched 180 miles to surprise The person who is due Hardrada and Tostig, east of . Godwinson defeated Hardrada but his army was tired and badly reduced in to inherit size. Claimants 27 Sep William Duke of Normandy set sail with almost 700 ships. His soldiers landed at and made a small The people who castle. The Normans pillaged and burned the surrounding area, in order to force Harold to come south. Having believe they should heard of William's landing while at York, he raced his army down the old Roman road of Ermine Street inherit the 12 Oct Harold arrives at London, to recruit more troops throne/become king 14 Oct —death of King Harold