General census

Population and Literacy:

As of 2011 census, Mehsana had a total population of 20,35,064 out of which Males constitute 1056520 and females 978544 of the total population. Mehsana has an average literacy rate of 84.26% with male literacy of 91.88 %, and female literacy of 76.12 %. In Mehsana, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. Density of district is 462 sq.km and ranked 10th among the state India. Sex ratio of the district 926 and position in state is 17. Details of taluka wise villages and Population details of the district

Sr.No Talukla No. of Population (As per the 2011 Census) Village Male Female Total SC ST Total Farmer 1 Satalasana 65 46036 43510 89546 8134 243 12094 2 51 68968 64810 133778 11304 385 16687 3 31 91093 64446 175539 13948 708 16236 4 59 136329 125917 262246 19109 1370 21519 5 43 74437 71008 145445 9384 106 19299 6 64 133713 123986 257699 16662 1317 26612 7 Mahesana 115 277094 252722 529816 46211 3964 33139 8 52 51152 48436 99588 8015 181 11378 9 Kadi 120 177698 163709 341407 118710 3144 22920 Total 600 1056520 978544 2035064 162288 9392 179862

Details of Literacy rate of district (2011-12)

Sr.No Taluka Rural Urban Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 1 Satalasana 34520 23070 57320 0 0 0 57320 2 Kheralu 42283 29646 71929 8998 6993 15991 87920 3 Unjha 51257 41607 92864 25118 21591 46709 139593 4 Visnagar 78789 62654 141443 34257 28416 62673 204116 5 Vadnagar 47290 35909 83199 11155 8481 19635 102835 6 Vijapur 94023 73803 167823 14677 12094 26771 194597 7 Mahesana 137670 106295 243965 88666 92290 160956 404921 8 Becharaji 33744 23008 56752 5244 3957 9201 65953 9 Kadi 104459 76052 180511 35619 29280 64899 245410 Total 624035 472044 1095809 223734 183102 406836 1502645 Educational facility: Primary, Secondary & Other Educational Institute of the district (2013-14)

Sr. No Taluka Primary Institute Secondary Institute Colleges 1 85 19 1 2 Kheralu 100 24 2 3 Unjha 59 29 7 4 Visnagar 109 50 24 5 Vadnagar 102 26 3 6 Vijapur 130 47 16 7 Mehsana 183 94 24 8 Bechraji 74 19 2 9 Kadi 148 57 17 Total 990 365 96 Employment status: Information regarding working and non-working people in the district: S.No. Details of workers Rural Urban Total 1 Main workers 544684 119980 664664 2 Marginal workers 150753 12585 163338 Total 695437 132565 828002 Non workers 730629 279065 1009694 1 Farmers 188314 6006 194320 2 Agril.labour 198192 4673 202865 3 Gruh Udyog 10148 3556 13704 Other 298783 118330 417113 Total 695437 132565 828002

Agricultural and allied census

Agricultural details of the district

Climate: Maximum temperature : 28 to 410C Minimum temperature : 11 to 270C Natural resources: i) Rivers:

There are four minor and major rivers are flowing from the district, from which, Sabarmati and Saraswati are major and Khari and Rupen are the minor rivers of the district. ii) Mountains and hills:

Arravalli and Tarnga hills are located in the northern side of the district. iii) Soils:

The soils of the district mainly divided in four major groups.

 Black and sandy loam : Kadi  Sandy loam, Rocky, and sandy : Kheralu, Vadnagar, Satlasana and Unjha  Sandy loam, Sandy : Visnagar, Vijapur, Mehsana  Black and Salty : Bechraji Details of soil type of the district

Sr. No Soil type Area covered ( ha) 1 Medium black 64500 2 Sandy loam 259700 3 Sandy 28900 4 Saline / salt affected 81900 Total 435000

Ground water and its quality:

The ground water level of the district is about 650-800 ft. The quality of the under ground water is poor. The excess irrigation to the crop has badly affected to soil fertility and productivity.

Rainfall and weather:

Monthwise details of the rainfall of the district

Sr. Month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 No 1 January 00 00 00 2.0 00 2 February 00 00 00 00 1.4 3 March 00 00 00 00 00 4 April 00 00 00 00 2.3 5 May 00 00 00 00 00 6 June 1.3 62.1 0.2 26.5 109.9 7 July 284.7 345.5 184.8 114.2 455.1 8 August 152.2 281.4 385.7 126.7 138.9 9 September 9.6 97.5 177.8 187.3 127.3 10 October 0.5 00 00 00 70 11 November 00 37.4 00 00 00 12 December 00 0.1 00 00 00

Land use pattern: Land use pattern of the district (Area in ha.) 2013-14

Sr. No Taluka Forest Non agri Total Waste Permanent Geogra- Area use land Cultivable Land pastures -Phical Land Area 1 Satlasna 6300 1167 18953 1736 2693 30849 2 Kheralu 0 3132 87688 308 2310 33438 3 Unjha 0 2900 26716 505 1547 31668 4 Visnagar 0 3614 4120 209 2886 47996 5 Vadnagar 0 2596 26634 430 1472 31132 6 Vijapur 875 2698 48152 1223 3386 56334 7 Mehsana 0 6198 72170 70 4845 83265 8 Becharaji 0 3318 34953 391 2719 41381 9 Kadi 0 5900 71818 371 5001 83090 Total 7175 31523 368071 5243 26859 439153 Irrigated / Un irrigated Land (ha.) - 2013-14

Taluka Cultivable Irrigated % of Irrigated Un Irrigated % of un irrigated Area Area Area Area Area Satlasna 18953 16150 85 2803 15 Kheralu 27688 17550 63 10138 37 Unjha 26716 22248 83 4468 17 Visnagar 41287 39252 95 2035 05 Vadnagar 26634 24157 91 2477 9 Vijapur 48152 32373 67 15779 33 Mehsana 72170 54693 76 17474 24 Becharaji 39953 26818 67 13135 33 Kadi 71814 54612 76 17202 24 Total 373367 287853 77 85511 23

Classification of farmers Category No of farmers Marginal ( less than 1 ha ) 97326 Small ( 1 to 2 ha ) 60032 Big ( More than 2 ha ) 53310 SC farmers ( from Total farmers) 5353 ST farmers 18 Irrigation : Details of irrigation sources Source of irrigation Area ( ha) By Canal 38000 By well or tube well 178100 By tank 70 Other source 0

Area, Production and Productivity of major crops cultivated in the district

Srno Crops Area (00’ Production Productivity ha) (00’M.T) (kg/ha) 1 Cereals Rice (kharif) 4965 1610 3243 Wheat 90157 25956 2889 Sorghum(kharif) 52535 2747 523 Sorghum(rabi) 1138 59.51 523 Pearlmillet(kharif) 17895 16.05 897 Maize 440 23.56 994 Millet 451 - - Other 1574 - - Total 169155 30412.12 9059 2 Pulses Greengram 4104 246.24 600 Blackgram 6507 455.49 700 Cowpea 1968 118 600 Other 46580 - - Total 59159 819.73 1900 3 Oilseed Groundnut 6405 1345 2100 Castor 68798 10284 1749 Mustard 25085 3105 1238 Sesamum 4426 157 350 Total 104714 14891 5437 4 Cash crops Cotton 51248 6303 1230 Tobacco 11030 1189 988 Spices crops 10759 481 447 Vegetables 11925 29146 24435 Source : Dept. of Agriculture,2013-14 Horticulture in the district

Main horticultural crops in are Lime, Potato, Fennel and Cumin. Area wise, Fennel is grown over an area of 13945 ha, followed by Cumin and Lime with an area of 11400 ha and 10431 ha, respectively. The coverage of main horticultural crops is shown in subsequent tables.

Table 12 : Distribution of area under Horticulture in Mehsana District

Category Crop Area Prod Pvty. Flower Rose 39 312 8.00 Marigold 58 545 9.40 Others 18 153 8.50 Fruits Mango 970 4850 5.0 Sapota 1150 9545 8.30 Citrus 10480 117900 11.25 Ber 1898 18506 9.75 Guava 750 6923 9.23 Pomegranate 520 5096 9.80 Papaya 850 34850 41.00 Custard apple 75 506 60.75 Aonla 1980 14058 7.10 Others 38 262 6.90 Spices Cumin 5900 4425 0.75 Fennel 4800 9600 2.00 Coriander 308 416 1.35 Fenugreek 578 1156 2.00 Isabgol 200 156 0.78 Ajawan 591 774 1.31 Dill seed 500 530 1.06 Chilli 1530 2754 1.80 Vegetable Potato 6300 152145 24.15 Onion 257 4883 1900 Brinjal 2625 44625 17.00 Cabbage 880 14608 16.60 Okra 2060 24987 1210 Tomato 6515 114776 31.75 Cauliflower 840 13734 16.35 Cluster bean 2710 29268 10.80 Cowpea 885 9558 10.80 Cucurbits 152 2638 17.35 Area in Hectares, Production in M.T., Productivity M.T./Ha., Year 2013-14,Source : Krushi Bhavan, Department of Horticulture, Mehsana

Animal husbandry

Cow and buffalos are the main cattle in the district. Other domestic animals are goats, sheep's and Poultry.

Dominant animal of the district: Buffalo

 Breeds: Mehsana, Banni  Lactation period: 10-12 months  Total milk production /animal: 2500-3000/Lactation  Dry period : 3-4 months

Table 13 : Production and productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc. in the district (2010-11)

Category Population Production Productivity Cattle Crossbred 99324 165920 ton 8.24 kg Indigenous 94300 58429 ton 2.97 kg Buffalo 561900 474390 ton 4.16 kg Sheep Crossbred 18900 21 ton 1.1 kg Indigenous Goats 91700 6246 ton 0.31 Poultry Hens Desi 10200 1193400 no egg 117 Improved 23000 6624000 no egg 288 Ducks Turkey and others Institution angaged in animal health

Sr. Taluka Main A.I. Sub A.I. Center Animal Animal Hospital No Centre Dispensary 1 Satlasana 2 2 1 1 2 Kheralu 10 20 2 2 3 Unjha 14 15 1 1 4 Visnagar 20 128 2 2 5 Vadnagar 9 16 1 1 6 Vijapur 19 28 4 4 7 Mehsana 16 21 1 1 8 Bechraji 4 9 1 1 9 Kadi 11 11 2 2 Total 105 250 15 15

Taluka wise milk cooperative society and its members District No. of milk Members Average milk production cooperative society per day (lit) Mehsana 1020 292800 704402

Table 16: Statistic related with fisheries of the district (unit nos) Sr. No Item 2004-05 2005-06 1 Boat for fishing 2 2 A. mechanized 0 0 B. traditional 2 2 2 Active fishermen 35 25 3 Fish production 189 43 4 Fishermen primary cooperative society 2 2 5 Member of the primary cooperative society 228 228 6 Paid capital of primary coop society 3880 3380

Agro-climatic zones

Mehsana district falls under semi-arid agro climate zone. The average rainfall of the district is 560 mm. The climate of the district is hot and dry. District is mainly famous for the white revolution (milk) in the world. The soils of the district is mostly sandy loam and medium it fertility. Major crops of the district are Bajra, Wheat, Mustard, Cotton, Fennel, Cumin, Castor and Pulses.

4. Agro-ecosystems:

Sr. Agro- Soil Rainfall Altitude Principal Special Approximate Taluka ecological texture crop Features area ('000 ha) No situation (mm)

1 Alluvial Sandy 700- 150-300 Bajra , Bajra best 134.8 Kheralu sandy soils and 850 Jowar cropping with loamy system (5.83 %) medium sand rain fall

2 Alluvial Sandy 500- 150-300 Bajra, Bajra best 48.8 Visnagar sandy soils loam 700 Mustard cropping with low system (2.11%) rain fall

3 Alluvial Sandy 700- 150-300 Bajra , Flat 377.8 Vijapur, sandy loam loam 850 Jowar topography Major(80%) soils with with 5 % (16.34%) part of Kadi medium slope and rain fall Mehsana

4 Medium Sandy, 700- 25-75 Rice, Area has 48.6 Parts (20%) black ill- Caly 850 Cotton impeded of Kadi drained loam drainage (2.1 %) soils with and clay with saline medium sub-soil rainfall water

Major and micro-farming systems

Major and micro-farming systems S. No Farming system/enterprise 1 Agriculture 2 Agriculture + Horticulture 3 Agriculture + Horticulture + Animal Husbandry 4 Agriculture + Animal Husbandry Major Production system

Major Production system S. No Farming system/enterprise 1 Groundnut-Potato-Summer Pearl millet 2 Cotton – Wheat 3 Castor-Summer Pearl millet 4 Fennel 5 Green gram/Sesamum –Cumin 6 Pulses-Mustard-Summer Pearlmillet 7 Pulses- Fennel Major agriculture and allied enterprise :

Different industrial units including agriculture

S. Industrial unit Nos. No. 1 Crude / Petroleum unit 178 2 Tobacco industry 1 3 Cloth industry 152 4 Wood industry 63 5 Paper and its products 86 6 Leather industry 2 7 Rubber and its products 183 8 Chemical industry 347 9 Non-metal work 161 10 Food & Soft Drink 319 11 Auto parts 5