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The BRIDGE LINKING ENGINEERING and SOCIETY Summer 2013 UNDERGRADUATE ENGINEERING EDUCATION The BRIDGE LINKING ENGINEERING AND SOCIETY The Algebra Challenge Enrique J. Lavernia and Jean S. VanderGheynst Undergraduate Engineering Curriculum: The Ultimate Design Challenge Susan A. Ambrose Opportunities in Engineering Education: Pathways to Better-Prepared Students David B. Spencer and George Mehler Aligning Engineering Education and Experience to Meet the Needs of Industry and Society Rick Stephens Entrepreneurship: Its Role in Engineering Education Tom Byers, Tina Seelig, Sheri Sheppard, and Phil Weilerstein Opening Education Richard G. Baraniuk State-Level Measures to Close the STEM Skills Gap Dennis D. Berkey and Joanne Goldstein The NAE Grand Challenge Scholars Program Tom Katsouleas, Richard Miller, and Yannis Yortsos The mission of the National Academy of Engineering is to advance the well-being of the nation by promoting a vibrant engineering profession and by marshalling the expertise and insights of eminent engineers to provide independent advice to the federal government on matters involving engineering and technology. The BRIDGE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING Charles O. Holliday Jr., Chair Charles M. Vest, President Maxine L. Savitz, Vice President Thomas F. Budinger, Home Secretary Venkatesh Narayanamurti, Foreign Secretary C.D. (Dan) Mote Jr., Treasurer Editor in Chief: Ronald M. Latanision Managing Editor: Cameron H. Fletcher Production Assistant: Penelope Gibbs The Bridge (ISSN 0737-6278) is published quarterly by the National Aca- d emy of Engineering, 2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418. Periodicals postage paid at Washington, DC. Vol. 43, No. 2, Summer 2013 Postmaster: Send address changes to The Bridge, 2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418. Papers are presented in The Bridge on the basis of general interest and time- liness. They reflect the views of the authors and not necessarily the position of the National Academy of Engineering. The Bridge is printed on recycled paper. C © 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. A complete copy of The Bridge is available in PDF format at www.nae.edu/TheBridge. Some of the articles in this issue are also avail- able as HTML documents and may contain links to related sources of information, multimedia files, or other content. The Volume 43, Number 2 • Summer 2013 BRIDGE LINKING ENGINEERING AND SOCIETY Editors’ Notes 3 Note from Bridge Editor in Chief Ronald M. Latanision Ronald M. Latanision 5 Innovations and Opportunities in Engineering Education Diran Apelian Features 7 The Algebra Challenge Enrique J. Lavernia and Jean S. VanderGheynst A fresh approach is critical for teaching algebra, which is the make-or-break moment in K–12 education that prevents countless students from pursuing STEM study or careers. 16 Undergraduate Engineering Curriculum: The Ultimate Design Challenge Susan A. Ambrose It is time to move beyond tweaking the curriculum to a coherent, encompassing approach to the redesign of engineering curricula. 24 Opportunities in Engineering Education: Pathways to Better-Prepared Students David B. Spencer and George Mehler Engineering will be well served by creatively engaging students throughout their education to make engineering a positive and rewarding experience applicable to any field of study or profession. 31 Aligning Engineering Education and Experience to Meet the Needs of Industry and Society Rick Stephens By working closely together, industry and academia can develop engineers who are not only technically strong but also creative and able to work well in teams, communicate effectively, and create useful products. 35 Entrepreneurship: Its Role in Engineering Education Tom Byers, Tina Seelig, Sheri Sheppard, and Phil Weilerstein Students in entrepreneurship programs gain insights into designing for end users, working in and managing interdisciplinary teams, communicating effectively, thinking critically, understanding business basics, and solving open- ended problems. (continued on next page) The BRIDGE 41 Opening Education 68 2013 National Meeting Richard G. Baraniuk 70 Thank You Letter to National Academy of The open education (OE) movement provides Engineering new mechanisms to democratize education by 71 Global Grand Challenges Summit Held interconnecting ideas, learners, and instructors in in London new kinds of constructs that replace traditional textbooks, courses, and certifications. 71 International Scholarship Focused on Global Grand Challenges 48 State-Level Measures to Close the STEM 72 2013 German-American Frontiers of Skills Gap Engineering Held at Beckman Center Dennis D. Berkey and Joanne Goldstein 73 NAE Regional Meetings Massachusetts has created a comprehensive, collaborative model for supporting STEM education 73 Symposium on Online Learning and How in the practical context of career readiness and Technology May Change Higher Education, industry needs. Held at Stanford University 74 53 The NAE Grand Challenge Scholars Program 2013 NAE Southeast Regional Meeting Summary Tom Katsouleas, Richard Miller, and Yannis Yortsos The Grand Challenge Scholars program gives 75 Symposium on Shale Gas: Implications for students a better understanding of how their America’s Regional Manufacturing undergraduate work prepares them to face their Economies, Held at Carnegie Mellon careers and important societal challenges. University 77 An Engineer’s Oath NAE News and Notes 78 NAE Receives $500,000 Gift from W.M. Keck Foundation to Name and Endow the Simon 57 Charles M. Vest Ramo Founders Award 58 NAE Newsmakers 78 U.S. News Announces STEM Leadership Hall of 61 NAE Honors 2013 Prize Winners Fame Award Winners 61 Charles Stark Draper Prize 79 Calendar of Meetings and Events 62 Acceptance Remarks by Richard Frenkiel 79 In Memoriam 63 Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize 64 Acceptance Remarks by 80 Publications of Interest Rangaswamy Srinivasan 65 Bernard M. Gordon Prize 65 Acceptance Remarks by Richard K. Miller 67 NAE President, Treasurer, and Councillors Elected The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self- The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National perpetuating society of distin guished scholars engaged in scientific Acad e my of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and appropriate pro fes sions in the examination of policy matters pertaining technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the author- to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility ity of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional char- has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal gov ern ment on ter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. National Academy of Sciences. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, The National Research Council was organized by the National under the charter of the Nation al Academy of Sciences, as a parallel Academy of Scienc es in 1916 to associate the broad community of organization of out stand ing engineers. It is autonomous in its adminis- science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of fur ther ing tration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National knowledge and advising the federal government. Func tion ing in Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal gov - accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the ernment. The National Academy of En gi neer ing also sponsors engi- Council has become the principal operating agency of both the neering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages edu- National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engi- cation and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of neering in providing services to the government, the public, and the engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy scientific and en gi neer ing communities. The Council is administered of Engineering. jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respec- tively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org FALL 2006 3 Editor’s Note infrastructure in the United States is declining in many of the engineering disciplines that are important to this nation’s future. For example, metallurgists, ceramic engineers, welding engineers, corrosion engineers, power systems engineers, high-temperature oxidation experts, cement chemists, and others are very difficult to find among undergraduate and graduate students. We con- tinue to build engineering systems that depend on these disciplines, but the population of students and graduates Ronald M. Latanision in such areas is declining. Part of the decline may in my judgment be attributed to the declining research support from agencies that typically fund university research in Note from Bridge Editor in Chief the United States. My years of university teaching and research con- Ronald M. Latanision vince me, in a reductionist sense, that most university With this issue of the Bridge, the NAE will be in the departments are subject to the following sequence: midst of a leadership transition as Dan Mote succeeds
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