§ 74.11 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–98 Edition)
obtained in accordance with the proce- 75.214 Supplemental support materials, dures set forth in paragraph (a) of this equipment and tools. section. 75.215 Longwall mining systems. 75.220 Roof control plan. [35 FR 4326, Mar. 11, 1970, as amended at 37 75.221 Roof control plan information. FR 26712, Dec. 15, 1972] 75.222 Roof control plan—approval criteria. 75.223 Evaluation and revision of roof con- § 74.11 Withdrawal of certification. trol plan. Any certificate of approval issued Subpart D—Ventilation under the regulations in this part may be revoked for cause by the Institute or 75.300 Scope. MSHA which issued the certificate. 75.301 Definitions. 75.302 Main mine fans. [37 FR 26712, Dec. 15, 1972] 75.310 Installation of main mine fans. 75.311 Main mine fan operation. PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY 75.312 Main mine fan examinations and records. STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND 75.313 Main mine fan stoppage with persons COAL MINES underground. 75.320 Air quality detectors and measure- Subpart A—General ment devices. 75.321 Air quality. Sec. 75.322 Harmful quantities of noxious gases. 75.1 Scope. 75.323 Actions for excessive methane. 75.2 Definitions. 75.324 Intentional changes in the ventila- tion system. Subpart B—Qualified and Certified Persons 75.325 Air quantity. 75.326 Mean entry air velocity. 75.100 Certified person. 75.327 Air courses and trolley haulage sys- 75.150 Tests for methane and for oxygen de- tems. ficiency; qualified person. 75.330 Face ventilation control devices. 75.151 Tests for methane; qualified person; 75.331 Auxiliary fans and tubing. additional requirement. 75.332 Working sections and working places. 75.152 Tests of air flow; qualified person. 75.333 Ventilation controls. 75.153 Electrical work; qualified person. 75.334 Worked-out areas and areas where 75.154 Repair of energized surface high volt- pillars are being recovered. age lines; qualified person. 75.335 Construction of seals. 75.155 Qualified hoisting engineer; qualifica- 75.340 Underground electrical installations. tions. 75.341 Direct-fired intake air heaters. 75.159 Records of certified and qualified per- 75.342 Methane monitors. sons. 75.343 Underground shops. 75.160 Training programs. 75.344 Compressors. 75.161 Plans for training programs. 75.350 Air courses and belt haulage entries. 75.351 Atmospheric monitoring system Subpart C—Roof Support (AMS). 75.352 Return air courses. 75.200 Scope. 75.360 Preshift examination. 75.201 Definitions. 75.361 Supplemental examination. 75.202 Protection from falls of roof, face and 75.362 On-shift examination. ribs. 75.363 Hazardous conditions; posting, cor- 75.203 Mining methods. recting and recording. 75.204 Roof bolting. 75.364 Weekly examination. 75.205 Installation of roof support using 75.370 Mine ventilation plan; submission mining machines with integral roof bolt- and approval. ers. 75.371 Mine ventilation plan; contents. 75.206 Conventional roof support. 75.372 Mine ventilation map. 75.207 Pillar recovery. 75.373 Reopening mines. 75.208 Warning devices. 75.380 Escapeways; bituminous and lignite 75.209 Automated Temporary Roof Support mines. (ATRS) systems. 75.381 Escapeways; anthracite mines. 75.210 Manual installation of temporary 75.382 Mechanical escape facilities. support. 75.383 Escapeway maps and drills. 75.211 Roof testing and scaling. 75.384 Longwall and shortwall travelways. 75.212 Rehabilitation of areas with unsup- 75.385 Opening new mines. ported roof. 75.386 Final mining of pillars. 75.213 Roof support removal. 75.388 Boreholes in advance of mining.
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75.389 Mining into inaccessible areas. 75.512–1 Qualified person. 75.512–2 Frequency of examinations. Subpart E—Combustible Materials and 75.513 Electric conductor; capacity and in- Rock Dusting sulation. 75.513–1 Electric conductor; size. 75.400 Accumulation of combustible mate- 75.514 Electrical connections or splices; rials. suitability. 75.400–1 Definitions. 75.515 Cable fittings; suitability. 75.400–2 Cleanup program. 75.516 Power wires; support. 75.401 Abatement of dust; water or water 75.516–1 Installed insulators. with a wetting agent. 75.516–2 Communication wires and cables; 75.401–1 Excessive amounts of dust. installation; insulation; support. 75.402 Rock dusting. 75.517 Power wires and cables; insulation 75.402–1 Definition. and protection. 75.402–2 Exceptions. 75.517–1 Power wires and cables; insulation 75.403 Maintenance of incombustible con- and protection. tent of rock dust. 75.517–2 Plans for insulation of existing bare 75.403–1 Incombustible content. power wires and cables. 75.404 Exemption of anthracite mines. 75.518 Electric equipment and circuits; over- load and short circuit protection. Subpart F—Electrical Equipment—General 75.518–1 Electric equipment and circuits; 75.500 Permissible electric equipment. overload and short circuit protection; 75.500–1 Other low horsepower electric face minimum requirements. equipment. 75.518–2 Incandescent lamps; overload and 75.501 Permissible electric face equipment; short circuit protection. coal seams above water table. 75.519 Main power circuits; disconnecting 75.501–1 Coal seams above the water table. switches. 75.501–2 Permissible electric face equip- 75.519–1 Main power circuits; disconnecting ment. switches; locations. 75.501–3 New openings; mines above water 75.520 Electric equipment; switches. table and never classed gassy. 75.521 Lightning arresters; ungrounded and 75.502 Permits for noncompliance. exposed power conductors and telephone 75.503 Permissible electric face equipment; wires. maintenance. 75.522 Lighting devices. 75.503–1 Statement listing all electric face 75.522–1 Incandescent and fluorescent equipment. lamps. 75.504 Permissibility of new, replacement, 75.523 Electric face equipment; used, reconditioned, additional, and re- deenergization. built electric face equipment. 75.523–1 Deenergization of self-propelled 75.505 Mines classed gassy; use and mainte- electric face equipment installation re- nance of permissible electric face equip- quirements. ment. 75.523–2 Deenergization of self-propelled 75.506 Electric face equipment; require- electric face equipment; performance re- ments for permissibility. quirements. 75.506–1 Electric face equipment; permis- 75.523–3 Automatic emergency-parking sible condition; maintenance require- brakes. ments. 75.524 Electric face equipment; electric 75.507 Power connection points. equipment used in return air outby the 75.507–1 Electric equipment other than last open crosscut; maximum level of al- power-connection points; outby the last ternating or direct electric current be- open crosscut; return air; permissibility tween frames of equipment. requirements. APPENDIX A TO SUBPART F—LIST OF 75.508 Map of electrical system. PERMISSABLE ELECTRIC FARE EQUIPMENT 75.508–1 Mine tracks. APPROVED BY THE BUREAU OF MINES 75.508–2 Changes in electric system map; re- PRIOR TO MAY 23, 1936 cording. 75.509 Electric power circuit and electric Subpart G—Trailing Cables equipment; deenergization. 75.510 Energized trolley wires; repair. 75.600 Trailing cables; flame resistance. 75.510–1 Repair of energized trolley wires; 75.600–1 Approved cables; flame resistance. training. 75.601 Short circuit protection of trailing 75.511 Low-, medium-, or high-voltage dis- cables. tribution circuits and equipment; repair. 75.601–1 Short circuit protection; ratings 75.511–1 Qualified person. and settings of circuit breakers. 75.512 Electric equipment; examination, 75.601–2 Short circuit protection; use of testing and maintenance. fuses; approval by the Secretary.
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75.601–3 Short circuit protection; dual ele- 75.705–7 Protective equipment; inspection. ment fuses; current ratings; maximum 75.705–8 Protective equipment; testing and values. storage. 75.602 Trailing cable junctions. 75.705–9 Operating disconnecting or cutout 75.603 Temporary splice of trailing cable. switches. 75.604 Permanent splicing of trailing cables. 75.705–10 Tying into energized high-voltage 75.605 Clamping of trailing cables to equip- surface circuits. ment. 75.705–11 Use of grounded messenger wires; 75.606 Protection of trailing cables. ungrounded systems. 75.607 Breaking trailing cable and power 75.706 Deenergized underground power cir- cable connections. cuits; idle days—idle shifts.
Subpart H—Grounding Subpart I—Underground High-Voltage Distribution 75.700 Grounding metallic sheaths, armors and conduits enclosing power conductors. 75.800 High-voltage circuits; circuit break- 75.700–1 Approved methods of grounding. ers. 75.701 Grounding metallic frames, casings 75.800–1 Circuit breakers; location. and other enclosures of electric equip- 75.800–2 Approved circuit schemes. ment. 75.800–3 Testing, examination and mainte- 75.701–1 Approved methods of grounding of nance of circuit breakers; procedures. equipment receiving power from 75.800–4 Testing, examination, and mainte- ungrounded alternating current power nance of circuit breakers; record. systems. 75.801 Grounding resistors. 75.701–2 Approved method of grounding me- 75.802 Protection of high-voltage circuits tallic frames, casings and other enclo- extending underground. sures receiving power from single-phase 75.803 Fail safe ground check circuits on 110–220-volt circuit. high-voltage resistance grounded sys- 75.701–3 Approved methods of grounding me- tems. tallic frames, casings and other enclo- 75.803–1 Maximum voltage ground check cir- sures of electric equipment receiving cuits. power from direct current power systems 75.803–2 Ground check systems not employ- with one polarity grounded. ing pilot check wires; approval by the 75.701–4 Grounding wires; capacity of wires. Secretary. 75.701–5 Use of grounding connectors. 75.804 Underground high-voltage cables. 75.702 Protection other than grounding. 75.805 Couplers. 75.702–1 Protection other than grounding; 75.806 Connection of single-phase loads. approved by an authorized representative 75.807 Installation of high-voltage trans- of the Secretary. mission cables. 75.703 Grounding offtrack direct-current 75.808 Disconnecting devices. machines and enclosures of related de- 75.809 Identification of circuit breakers and tached components. disconnecting switches. 75.703–1 Approved method of grounding. 75.810 High-voltage trailing cables; splices. 75.703–2 Approved grounding mediums. 75.811 High-voltage underground equipment; 75.703–3 Approved methods of grounding off- grounding. track mobile, portable and stationary di- 75.812 Movement of high-voltage power cen- rect-current machines. ters and portable transformers; permit. 75.703–4 Other methods of protecting off- 75.812–1 Qualified person. track direct-current equipment; ap- 75.812–2 High-voltage power centers and proved by an authorized representative transformers; record of examination. of the Secretary. 75.704 Grounding frames of stationary high- Subpart J—Underground Low- and Me- voltage equipment receiving power from dium-Voltage Alternating Current Cir- ungrounded delta systems. cuits 75.704–1 Approved methods of grounding. 75.705 Work on high-voltage lines; deener- 75.900 Low- and medium-voltage circuits gizing and grounding. serving three-phase alternating current 75.705–1 Work on high-voltage lines. equipment; circuit breakers. 75.705–2 Repairs to energized surface high- 75.900–1 Circuit breakers; location. voltage lines. 75.900–2 Approved circuit schemes. 75.705–3 Work on energized high-voltage sur- 75.900–3 Testing, examination and mainte- face lines; reporting. nance of circuit breakers; procedures. 75.705–4 Simultaneous repairs. 75.900–4 Testing, examination and mainte- 75.705–5 Installation of protective equip- nance of circuit breakers; record. ment. 75.901 Protection of low- and medium-volt- 75.705–6 Protective clothing; use and inspec- age three-phase circuits used under- tion. ground.
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75.902 Low- and medium-voltage ground 75.1101–10 Water sprinkler systems; fire check monitor circuits. warning devices at belt drives. 75.902–1 Maximum voltage ground check cir- 75.1101–11 Inspection of water sprinkler sys- cuits. tems. 75.902–2 Approved ground check systems not 75.1101–12 Equivalent dry-pipe system. employing pilot check wires. 75.1101–13 Dry powder chemical systems; 75.902–4 Attachment of ground conductors general. and ground check wires to equipment 75.1101–14 Installation of dry powder chemi- frames; use of separate connections. cal systems. 75.903 Disconnecting devices. 75.1101–15 Construction of dry powder chem- 75.904 Identification of circuit breakers. ical systems. 75.905 Connection of single-phase loads. 75.1101–16 Dry powder chemical systems; 75.906 Trailing cables for mobile equipment, sensing and fire suppression devices. ground wires and ground check wires. 75.1101–17 Sealing of dry powder chemical 75.907 Design of trailing cables for medium- systems. voltage circuits. 75.1101–18 Dry powder requirements. 75.1101–19 Nozzles; flow rate and direction. Subpart K—Trolley Wires and Trolley Feeder 75.1101–20 Safeguards for dry powder chemi- Wires cal systems. 75.1101–21 Back-up water system. 75.1000 Cutout switches. 75.1101–22 Inspection of dry powder chemical 75.1001 Overcurrent protection. systems. 75.1001–1 Devices for overcurrent protection; 75.1101–23 Program of instruction; location testing and calibration requirements; and use of fire fighting equipment; loca- records. tion of escapeways, exits and routes of 75.1002 Location of trolley wires, trolley travel; evacuation procedures; fire drills. feeder wires, high-voltage cables and 75.1102 Slippage and sequence switches. transformers. 75.1103 Automatic fire warning devices. 75.1002–1 Location of other electric equip- 75.1103–1 Automatic fire sensors. ment; requirements for permissibility. 75.1103–2 Automatic fire sensors; approved 75.1003 Insulation of trolley wires, trolley components; installation requirements. feeder wires and bare signal wires; guard- 75.1103–3 Automatic fire sensor and warning ing of trolley wires and trolley feeder device systems; minimum requirements; wires. general. 75.1003–1 Other requirements for guarding of 75.1103–4 Automatic fire sensor and warning trolley wires and trolley feeder wires. device systems; installation; minimum 75.1003–2 Requirements for movement of off- requirements. track mining equipment in areas of ac- 75.1103–5 Automatic fire warning devices; tive workings where energized trolley manual resetting. wires or trolley feeder wires are present; 75.1103–6 Automatic fire sensors; actuation pre-movement requirements; certified of fire suppression systems. and qualified persons. 75.1103–7 Electrical components; permis- sibility requirements. Subpart L—Fire Protection 75.1103–8 Automatic fire sensor and warning device systems; inspection and test re- 75.1100 Requirements. quirements. 75.1100–1 Type and quality of firefighting 75.1103–9 Minimum requirements; fire sup- equipment. pression materials and location; mainte- 75.1100–2 Quantity and location of firefight- nance of entries and crosscuts; access ing equipment. doors; communications; fire crews: high- 75.1100–3 Condition and examination of fire- expansion foam devices. fighting equipment. 75.1103–10 Fire suppression systems; addi- 75.1101 Deluge-type water sprays, foam gen- tional requirements. erators; main and secondary belt-con- 75.1103–11 Tests of fire hydrants and fire veyor drives. hose; record of tests. 75.1101–1 Deluge-type water spray systems. 75.1104 Underground storage, lubricating oil 75.1101–2 Installation of deluge-type sprays. and grease. 75.1101–3 Water requirements. 75.1106 Welding, cutting, or soldering with 75.1101–4 Branch lines. arc or flame underground. 75.1101–5 Installation of foam generator sys- 75.1106–1 Test for methane. tems. TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND STORAGE OF 75.1101–6 Water sprinkler systems; general. LIQUEFIED AND NONLIQUEFIED COMPRESSED 75.1101–7 Installation of water sprinkler sys- GAS CYLINDERS tems; requirements. 75.1101–8 Water sprinkler systems; arrange- 75.1106–2 Transportation of liquefied and ment of sprinklers. nonliquefied compressed gas cylinders; 75.1101–9 Back-up water system. requirements.
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75.1106–3 Storage of liquefied and nonlique- 75.1202 Temporary notations, revisions, and fied compressed gas cylinders; require- supplements. ments. 75.1202–1 Temporary notations, revisions, 75.1106–4 Use of liquefied and nonliquefied and supplements. compressed gas cylinders; general re- 75.1203 Availability of mine map. quirements. 75.1204 Mine closure; filing of map with Sec- 75.1106–5 Maintenance and tests of liquefied retary. and nonliquefied compressed gas cyl- 75.1204–1 Places to give notice and file inders; accessories and equipment; re- maps. quirements. 75.1106–6 Exemption of small low pressure Subpart N—Explosives and Blasting gas cylinders containing nonflammable or nonexplosive gas mixtures. 75.1300 Definitions. 75.1301 Qualified person. FIRE SUPPRESSION DEVICES AND FIRE-RESIST- 75.1310 Explosives and blasting equipment. ANT HYDRAULIC FLUIDS ON UNDERGROUND 75.1311 Transporting explosives and deto- EQUIPMENT nators. 75.1312 Explosives and detonators in under- 75.1107 Fire suppression devices. ground magazines. 75.1107–1 Fire-resistant hydraulic fluids and 75.1313 Explosives and detonators outside of fire suppression devices on underground magazines. equipment. 75.1314 Sheathed explosive units. 75.1107–2 Approved fire-resistant hydraulic 75.1315 Boreholes for explosives. fluids; minimum requirements. 75.1107–3 Fire suppression devices; approved 75.1316 Preparation before blasting. components; installation requirements. 75.1317 Primer cartridges. 75.1107–4 Automatic fire sensors and manual 75.1318 Loading boreholes. actuators; installation; minimum re- 75.1319 Weight of explosives permitted in quirements. boreholes in bituminous and lignite 75.1107–5 Electrical components of fire sup- mines. pression devices; permissibility require- 75.1320 Multiple-shot blasting. ments. 75.1321 Permit for firing more than 20 75.1107–6 Capacity of fire suppression de- boreholes and to use nonpermissible vices; location and direction of nozzles. blasting units. 75.1107–7 Water spray devices; capacity; 75.1322 Stemming boreholes. water supply; minimum requirements. 75.1323 Blasting circuits. 75.1107–8 Fire suppression devices; 75.1324 Methane concentration and tests. extinguishant supply systems. 75.1325 Firing procedure. 75.1107–9 Dry chemical devices; capacity; 75.1326 Examination after blasting. minimum requirements. 75.1327 Misfires. 75.1107–10 High expansion foam devices; 75.1328 Damaged or deteriorated explosives minimum capacity. and detonators. 75.1107–11 Extinguishing agents; require- ments on mining equipment employed in Subpart O—Hoisting and Mantrips low coal. Sec. 75.1107–12 Inerting of mine atmosphere pro- 75.1400 Hoisting equipment; general. hibited. 75.1107–13 Approval of other fire suppression 75.1400–1 Hoists; brakes, capability. devices. 75.1400–2 Hoists; tests of safety catches; 75.1107–14 Guards and handrails; require- records. ments where fire suppression devices are 75.1400–3 Daily examination of hoisting employed. equipment. 75.1107–15 Fire suppression devices; hazards; 75.1400–4 Certifications and records of daily training of miners. examinations. 75.1107–16 Inspection of fire suppression de- 75.1401 Hoists; rated capacities; indicators. vices. 75.1401–1 Hoists; indicators. 75.1107–17 Incorporation by reference; avail- 75.1402 Communication between shaft sta- ability of publications. tions and hoist room. 75.1108 Flame-resistant conveyor belts. 75.1402–1 Communication between shaft sta- 75.1108–1 Approved conveyor belts. tions and hoist room. 75.1402–2 Tests of signaling systems. Subpart M—Maps 75.1403 Other safeguards. 75.1403–1 General criteria. 75.1200 Mine map. 75.1403–2 Criteria—Hoists transporting ma- 75.1200–1 Additional information on mine terials; brakes. map. 75.1403–3 Criteria—Drum clutch; cage con- 75.1200–2 Accuracy and scale of mine maps. struction. 75.1201 Certification. 75.1403–4 Criteria—Automatic elevators.
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75.1403–5 Criteria—Belt conveyors. 75.1712–2 Location of surface facilities. 75.1403–6 Criteria—Self-propelled personnel 75.1712–3 Minimum requirements of surface carriers. bathing facilities, change rooms, and 75.1403–7 Criteria—Mantrips. sanitary toilet facilities. 75.1403–8 Criteria—Track haulage roads. 75.1712–4 Waiver of surface facilities re- 75.1403–9 Criteria—Shelter holes. quirements. 75.1403–10 Criteria—Haulage; general. 75.1712–5 Application for waiver of surface 75.1403–11 Criteria—Entrances to shafts and facilities. slopes. 75.1712–6 Underground sanitary facilities; 75.1404 Automatic brakes; speed reduction approved sanitary toilets; installation gear. and maintenance. 75.1404–1 Braking system. 75.1712–7 Underground sanitary facilities; 75.1405 Automatic couplers. waiver of requirements. 75.1405–1 Automatic couplers, haulage 75.1712–8 Application for waiver of location equipment. requirements for underground sanitary facilities. WIRE ROPES 75.1712–9 Issuance of waivers. 75.1429 Guide ropes. 75.1712–10 Underground sanitary facilities; 75.1430 Wire ropes; scope. maintenance. 75.1431 Minimum rope strength. 75.1713 Emergency medical assistance; first- 75.1432 Initial measurement. aid. 75.1433 Examinations. 75.1713–1 Arrangements for emergency med- 75.1434 Retirement criteria. ical assistance and transportation for in- 75.1435 Load end attachments. jured persons; agreements; reporting re- 75.1436 Drum end attachment. quirements; posting requirements. 75.1437 End attachment retermination. 75.1713–2 Emergency communications; re- 75.1438 End attachment replacement. quirements. 75.1713–3 First-Aid training; supervisory Subpart P—Emergency Shelters employees. 75.1713–4 First-aid training program; avail- 75.1500 Emergency shelters. ability of instruction to all miners. 75.1713–5 First-aid training program; re- Subpart Q—Communications training of supervisory employees; avail- ability to all miners. 75.1600 Communications. 75.1600–1 Communication facilities; main 75.1713–6 First-aid training program; mini- portals; installation requirements. mum requirements. 75.1600–2 Communication facilities; working 75.1713–7 First-aid equipment; location; sections; installation and maintenance minimum requirements. requirements; audible or visual alarms. 75.1714 Availability of approved self-rescue devices; instruction in use and location. Subpart R—Miscellaneous 75.1714–1 Approved self-rescue devices. 75.1714–2 Self-rescue devices; use and loca- 75.1700 Oil and gas wells. tion requirements. 75.1702 Smoking; prohibition. 75.1714–3 Self-rescue devices; inspection, 75.1702–1 Smoking programs. testing, maintenance, repair, and record– 75.1703 Portable electric lamps. keeping. 75.1703–1 Permissible lamps. 75.1715 Identification check system. 75.1707–1 New working section. 75.1716 Operations under water. 75.1708 Surface structures, fireproofing. 75.1716–1 Operations under water; notifica- 75.1708–1 Surface structures; fireproof con- tion by operator. struction. 75.1716–2 Permit required. 75.1709 Accumulations of methane and coal 75.1716–3 Applications for permits. dust on surface coal-handling facilities. 75.1716–4 Issuance of permits. 75.1710 Canopies or cabs; diesel-powered and 75.1717 Exemptions. electric face equipment. 75.1718 Drinking water. 75.1710–1 Canopies or cabs; self-propelled 75.1718–1 Drinking water; quality. diesel-powered and electric face equip- 75.1719 Illumination; purpose and scope of ment; installation requirements. §§ 75.1719 through 75.1719–4; time for com- 75.1711 Sealing of mines. pliance. 75.1711–1 Sealing of shaft openings. 75.1719–1 Illumination in working places. 75.1711–2 Sealing of slope or drift openings. 75.1719–2 Lighting fixtures; requirements. 75.1711–3 Openings of active mines. 75.1719–3 Methods of measurement; light 75.1712 Bath houses and toilet facilities. measuring instruments. 75.1712–1 Availability of surface bathing fa- 75.1719–4 Mining machines, cap lamps; re- cilities; change rooms; and sanitary fa- quirements. cilities. 75.1720 Protective clothing; requirements.
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75.1720–1 Distinctively colored hard hats, or AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811. hard caps; identification for newly em- SOURCE: 35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, unless ployed, inexperienced miners. otherwise noted. 75.1721 Opening of new underground coal mines, or reopening and reactivating of EDITORIAL NOTE: The provisions of this abandoned or deactivated coal mines; no- part marked [Statutory Provision] appear in tification by the operator; requirements. Title III of the Federal Coal Mine Health and 75.1722 Mechanical equipment guards. Safety Act of 1969. 75.1723 Stationary grinding machines; pro- tective devices. 75.1724 Hand-held power tools; safety de- Subpart A—General vices. 75.1725 Machinery and equipment; operation § 75.1 Scope. and maintenance. This part 75 sets forth safety stand- 75.1726 Performing work from a raised posi- ards compliance with which is manda- tion; safeguards. 75.1727 Drive belts. tory in each underground coal mine 75.1728 Power-driven pulleys. subject to the Federal Mine Safety and 75.1729 Welding operations. Health Act of 1977. Some standards also 75.1730 Compressed air; general; compressed are applicable to surface operations. air systems. Regulations and criteria supple- mentary to these standards also are set Subpart S—Approved Books and Records forth in this part. 75.1800 Scope. [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 43 75.1806 Monthly examination of surface high FR 12319, Mar. 24, 1978] voltage circuit breakers; recording re- quirements; approved books. § 75.2 Definitions. 75.1808 Maintenance of approved books and records; requirements. The following definitions apply in this part. Subpart T—Diesel-Powered Equipment Act. The Federal Mine Safety and 75.1900 Definitions. Health Act of 1977. 75.1901 Diesel fuel requirements. Active workings. Any place in a coal 75.1902 Underground diesel fuel storage— mine where miners are normally re- general requirements. quired to work or travel. 75.1903 Underground diesel fuel storage fa- Anthracite. Coals with a volatile ratio cilities and areas; construction and safe- equal to 0.12 or less. The volatile ratio ty precautions. 75.1904 Underground diesel fuel tanks and is the volatile matter content divided safety cans. by the volatile matter plus the fixed 75.1905 Dispensing of diesel fuel. carbon. 75.1905–1 Diesel fuel piping systems. Certified or registered. As applied to 75.1906 Transport of diesel fuel. any person, a person certified or reg- 75.1907 Diesel-powered equipment intended istered by the State in which the coal for use in underground coal mines. mine is located to perform duties pre- 75.1908 Nonpermissible diesel-powered equipment; categories. scribed by this part 75, except that in a 75.1909 Nonpermissible diesel-powered State where no program of certifi- equipment; design and performance re- cation or registration is provided or quirements. where the program does not meet at 75.1910 Nonpermissible diesel-powered least minimum Federal standards es- equipment; electrical system design and tablished by the Secretary, such cer- performance requirements. tification or registration shall be by 75.1911 Fire suppression systems for diesel- powered equipment and diesel fuel trans- the Secretary. portation units. Coal mine. Includes areas of adjoining 75.1912 Fire suppression systems for perma- mines connected underground. nent underground diesel fuel storage fa- Filter Self-Rescuer (FSR). A type of gas cilities. mask approved by MSHA and NIOSH 75.1913 Starting aids. under 42 CFR part 84 for escape only 75.1914 Maintenance of diesel-powered from underground mines and which equipment. 75.1915 Training and qualification of persons provides at least 1 hour of protection working on diesel-powered equipment. against carbon monoxide. 75.1916 Operation of diesel-powered equip- Low voltage. Up to and including 660 ment. volts, medium voltage means voltages
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from 661 to 1,000 volts; and high voltage established by the Secretary, qualified means more than 1,000 volts. by training, education, and experience, Permissible. (1) As applied to electric to perform electrical work, to main- face equipment, all electrically oper- tain electrical equipment, and to con- ated equipment taken into or used inby duct examinations and tests of all elec- the last open crosscut of an entry or a trical equipment. room of any coal mine the electrical Respirable dust. Dust collected with a parts of which, including, but not lim- sampling device approved by the Sec- ited to, associated electrical equip- retary and the Secretary of Health and ment, components, and accessories, are Human Services in accordance with designed, constructed, and installed, in part 74—Coal Mine Dust Personal Sam- accordance with the specifications of pler Units of this title. Sampling de- the Secretary, to assure that such equipment will not cause a mine explo- vice approvals issued by the Secretary sion or mine fire, and the other fea- of the Interior and Secretary of Health, tures of which are designed and con- Education, and Welfare are continued structed, in accordance with the speci- in effect. fications of the Secretary, to prevent, Rock dust. Pulverized limestone, do- to the greatest extent possible, other lomite, gypsum, anhydrite, shale, accidents in the use of such equipment. adobe, or other inert material, pref- The regulations of the Secretary or the erably light colored, 100 percent of Director of the Bureau of Mines in ef- which will pass through a sieve having fect on March 30, 1970, relating to the 20 meshes per linear inch and 70 per- requirements for investigation, testing, cent or more of which will pass approval, certification, and acceptance through a sieve having 200 meshes per of such equipment as permissible shall linear inch; the particles of which when continue in effect until modified or su- wetted and dried will not cohere to perseded by the Secretary, except that form a cake which will not be dispersed the Secretary shall provide procedures, into separate particles by a light blast including, where feasible, testing, ap- of air; and which does not contain more proval, certification, and acceptance in than 5 percent combustible matter or the field by an authorized representa- more than a total of 4 percent free and tive of the Secretary, to facilitate com- combined silica (SiO ), or, where the pliance by an operator with the re- 2 Secretary finds that such silica con- quirements of § 75.500 within the peri- centrations are not available, which ods prescribed in § 75.500. (2) As applied to equipment other does not contain more than 5 percent than permissible electric face equip- of free and combined silica. ment: (i) Equipment used in the oper- Secretary. The Secretary of Labor or ation of a coal mine to which an ap- the Secretary’s delegate. proval plate, label, or other device is Self-Contained Self-Rescuer (SCSR). A attached as authorized by the Sec- type of closed-circuit, self-contained retary and which meets specifications breathing apparatus approved by which are prescribed by the Secretary MSHA and NIOSH under 42 CFR part 84 for the construction and maintenance for escape only from underground of such equipment and are designed to mines. assure that such equipment will not Working face. Any place in a coal cause a mine explosion or a mine fire. mine in which work of extracting coal (ii) The manner of use of equipment from its natural deposit in the earth is means the manner of use prescribed by performed during the mining cycle. the Secretary. Working place. The area of a coal Qualified person. As the context re- mine inby the last open crosscut. quires: Working section. All areas of the coal (1) An individual deemed qualified by mine from the loading point of the sec- the Secretary and designated by the tion to and including the working operator to make tests and examina- faces. tions required by this part 75; and (2) An individual deemed, in accord- [57 FR 20913, May 15, 1992; as amended at 60 ance with minimum requirements to be FR 30401, June 8, 1995]
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Subpart B—Qualified and Certified 25367, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Persons Colorado 80225. (2) A person certified by the Sec- § 75.100 Certified person. retary under this paragraph will be a certified person, within the meaning of (a) The provisions of Subpart D— the provisions for subpart D of this Ventilation of this part 75 require that part and § 75.1106 referred to in para- certain examinations and tests be graph (a) of this section, as long as made by a certified person. A certified that person continues to satisfy the re- person within the meaning of those quirements for qualification or certifi- provisions is a person who has been cation and is employed at the same certified as a mine foreman (mine man- coal mine or by the same independent ager), an assistant mine foreman (sec- contractor. tion foreman), or a preshift examiner (mine examiner). A person who has [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 43 FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978; 54 FR 30514, July 20, been so certified is also a qualified per- 1989] son within the meaning of those provi- sions of subpart D of this part which § 75.150 Tests for methane and for oxy- require that certain tests be made by a gen deficiency; qualified person. qualified person and within the mean- (a) The provisions of Subpart D— ing of § 75.1106. Ventilation of this part and § 75.1106 re- (b) A person who is certified as a quire that tests for methane and for mine foreman, an assistant mine fore- oxygen deficiency be made by a quali- man, or a preshift examiner by the fied person. A person is a qualified per- State in which the coal mine is located son for this purpose if he is a certified is, to the extent of the State’s certifi- person under § 75.100. cation, a certified person within the (b) Pending issuance of Federal meaning of the provisions of subpart D standards, a person will be considered a of this part and § 75.1106 referred to in qualified person for testing for meth- paragraph (a) of this section. ane and for oxygen deficiency: (c)(1) The Secretary may certify per- (1) If he has been qualified for this sons in the categories of mine foreman, purpose by the State in which the coal assistant mine foreman, and preshift mine is located; or examiner whenever the State in which (2) The Secretary may qualify per- persons are presently employed in sons for this purpose in a coal mine in these categories does not provide for which persons are not qualified for this such certification. A person’s initial purpose by the State upon an applica- certification by MSHA is valid for as tion and a satisfactory showing by the long as the person continues to satisfy operator of the coal mine that each the requirements necessary to obtain such person has been trained and des- the certification and is employed at ignated by the operator to test for the same coal mine or by the same methane and oxygen deficiency and has independent contractor. The mine op- made such tests for a period of 6 erator or independent contractor shall months immediately preceding the ap- make an application which satisfac- plication. Applications for Secretarial torily shows that each such person has qualification should be submitted to had at least 2 years underground expe- the Health and Safety Activity, Mine rience in a coal mine, and has held the Safety and Health Administration, Cer- position of mine foreman, assistant tification and Qualification Center, mine foreman, or preshift examiner for P.O. Box 25367, Denver Federal Center, a period of 6 months immediately pre- Denver, Colo. 80225. ceding the filing of the application, and [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 43 is qualified to test for methane and for FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978] oxygen deficiency. Applications for Secretarial certification should be sub- § 75.151 Tests for methane; qualified mitted in writing to the Health and person; additional requirement. Safety Activity, Mine Safety and Notwithstanding the provisions of Health Administration, Certification § 75.150, on and after January 1, 1971, no and Qualification Center, P.O. Box person shall be a qualified person for
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testing for methane unless he dem- Secretary and prescribed in paragraph onstrates to the satisfaction of an au- (b) of this section. thorized representative of the Sec- (b) The series of five written tests ap- retary that he is qualified to test for proved by the Secretary shall include methane with a portable methane de- the following categories: tector approved by the Bureau of Mines (1) Direct current theory and applica- or the Mine Safety and Health Admin- tion; istration under part 22 of this chapter (2) Alternating current theory and (Bureau of Mines Schedule 8C). application; (3) Electric equipment and circuits; § 75.152 Tests of air flow; qualified per- (4) Permissibility of electric equip- son. ment; and, A person is a qualified person within (5) Requirements of subparts F the meaning of the provisions of Sub- through K of this part 75. part D—Ventilation of this part requir- (c) In order to take the series of five ing that tests of air flow be made by a written tests approved by the Sec- qualified person only if he is a certified retary, an individual shall apply to the person under § 75.100 or a person trained District Manager and shall certify that and designated by a certified person to he meets the requirements of para- perform such tests. graph (a)(3) of this section. The tests will be administered in the Coal Mine § 75.153 Electrical work; qualified per- Safety and Health Districts at regular son. intervals, or as demand requires. (d) A score of at least 80 percent of (a) Except as provided in paragraph each of the five written tests will be (f) of this section, an individual is a deemed to be a satisfactory grade. Rec- qualified person within the meaning of ognition shall be given to practical ex- §§ 75.511 and 75.512 to perform electrical perience in that 1 percentage point work (other than work on energized shall be added to an individual’s score surface high-voltage lines) if: in each test for each additional year of (1) He has been qualified as a coal experience beyond the 1 year minimum mine electrician by a State that has a requirement specified in paragraph coal mine electrical qualification pro- (a)(3) of this section; however, in no gram approved by the Secretary; or, case shall an individual be given more (2) He has at least 1 year of experi- than 5 percentage points for such prac- ence in performing electrical work un- tical experience. derground in a coal mine, in the sur- (e) An individual may, within 30 days face work areas of an underground coal from the date on which he received no- mine, in a surface coal mine, in a tification from the Administration of noncoal mine, in the mine equipment his test scores, repeat those on which manufacturing industry, or in any he received an unsatisfactory score. If other industry using or manufacturing further retesting is necessary after this similar equipment, and has satisfac- initial repetition, a minimum of 30 torily completed a coal mine electrical days from the date of receipt of notifi- training program approved by the Sec- cation of the initial retest scores shall retary; or, elapse prior to such further retesting. (3) He has at least 1 year of experi- (f) An individual who has, prior to ence, prior to the date of the applica- November 1, 1972, been qualified to per- tion required by paragraph (c) of this form electrical work specified in section, in performing electrical work §§ 75.511 and 75.512 (other than work on underground in a coal mine, in the sur- energized surface high-voltage lines) face work areas of an underground coal shall continue to be qualified until mine, in a surface coal mine, in a June 30, 1973. To remain qualified after noncoal mine, in the mine equipment June 30, 1973, such individual shall manufacturing industry, or in any meet the requirements of either para- other industry using or manufacturing graph (a) (1), (2), or (3) of this section. similar equipment, and he attains a (g) An individual qualified in accord- satisfactory grade on each of the series ance with this section shall, in order to of five written tests approved by the retain qualification, certify annually
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to the District Manager, that he has (2) If a State has no program for satisfactorily completed a coal mine qualifying persons as electric-hoisting electrical retraining program approved engineers, the Secretary may qualify by the Secretary. persons for this purpose if the operator of the coal mine in which such persons [37 FR 22376, Oct. 19, 1972, as amended at 44 FR 9380, Feb. 13, 1979; 47 FR 23641, May 28, are employed, or the independent con- 1982] tractor, makes an application and a satisfactory showing that each such § 75.154 Repair of energized surface person has had 1 year experience in op- high voltage lines; qualified person. erating electric-driven hoists and has An individual is a qualified person held the position of hoisting engineer within the meaning of § 75.705 for the for a period of 6 months immediately purpose of repairing energized surface preceding the application. A person’s high voltage lines only if he has had at qualification is valid for as long as this least 2 years experience in electrical person continues to satisfy the require- maintenance, and at least 2 years expe- ments for qualification and is em- rience in the repair of energized high ployed at the same coal mine or by the voltage surface lines located on poles same independent contractor. or structures. (c) Applications for Secretarial quali- fication should be submitted to the § 75.155 Qualified hoisting engineer; Health and Safety Activity, Mine Safe- qualifications. ty and Health Administration, Certifi- (a)(1) A person is a qualified hoisting cation and Qualification Center, P.O. engineer within the provisions of sub- Box 25367, Denver Federal Center, Den- part O of this part, for the purpose of ver, Colo. 80225. operating a steam-driven hoist in a [35 FR 17894, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 43 coal mine, if he has at least 1 year ex- FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978; 54 FR 30515, July 20, perience as an engineer in a steam- 1989] driven hoisting plant and is qualified by the State in which the mine is lo- § 75.159 Records of certified and quali- cated as a steam-hoisting engineer; or fied persons. (2) If a State has no program for The operator of each coal mine shall qualifying persons as steam-hoisting maintain a list of all certified and engineers, the Secretary may qualify qualified persons designated to perform persons for this purpose if the operator duties under this part 75. of the coal mine in which such persons [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 are employed, or the independent con- FR 33723, June 29, 1995] tractor, makes an application and a satisfactory showing that each such § 75.160 Training programs. person has had 1 year experience in op- erating steam-driven hoists and has [STATUTORY PROVISION] held the position of hoisting engineer Every operator of a coal mine shall provide for a periond of 6 months immediately a program, approved by the Secretary, of preceding the application. A person’s training and retraining of both qualified and qualification is valid for as long as this certified persons needed to carry out func- person continues to satisfy the require- tions prescribed in the Act. ments necessary for qualification and is employed at the same coal mine or § 75.161 Plans for training programs. by the same independent contractor. Each mine operator shall submit to (b)(1) A person is a qualified hoisting the District Manager a program or plan engineer within the provisions of sub- setting forth what, when, how, and part O of this part, for the purpose of where the operator will train and re- operating an electrically driven hoist train persons whose work assignments in a coal mine, if he has at least 1 year require that they be qualified or cer- experience operating a hoist plant in a tified. The program shall provide— mine or maintaining electric-hoist (a) For certified persons, annual equipment in a mine and is qualified by training courses in methane measure- the State in which the mine is located ment and oxygen deficiency testing, as an electric-hoisting engineer; or roof and rib control, ventilation, first
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aid, principles of mine rescue, and the excessive widths of rooms, crosscuts provisions of this part 75; and entries, or faulty pillar recovery (b) For qualified persons, annual methods. Pillar dimensions shall be courses in performance of the tasks compatible with effective control of which they perform as qualified per- the roof, face and ribs and coal or rock sons; and bursts. (c) For certified persons, annual (b) A sightline or other method of di- training in the use of self-contained rectional control shall be used to main- self-rescue devices used at the mine. tain the projected direction of mining This training shall include complete in entries, rooms, crosscuts and pillar donning procedures in which each per- splits. son assumes proper position, opens the (c) A sidecut shall be started only device, activates the device, inserts the from an area that is supported in ac- mouthpiece or simulates this task cordance with the roof control plan. while explaining proper insertion of the (d) A working face shall not be mined mouthpiece, and puts on the nose clip. through into an unsupported area of [53 FR 10336, Mar. 30, 1988] active workings, except when the un- supported area is inaccessible. Subpart C—Roof Support (e) Additional roof support shall be installed where— (1) The width of the opening specified SOURCE: 53 FR 2375, Jan. 27, 1988, unless otherwise noted. in the roof control plan is exceeded by more than 12 inches; and § 75.200 Scope. (2) The distance over which the ex- This subpart C sets forth require- cessive width exists is more than 5 feet. ments for controlling roof, face and § 75.204 Roof bolting. ribs, including coal or rock bursts, in underground coal mines. Roof control (a) For roof bolts and accessories ad- systems installed prior to the effective dressed in ASTM F432–95, ‘‘Standard date of this subpart are not affected so Specification for Roof and Rock Bolts long as the support system continues and Accessories,’’ the mine operator to effectively control the roof, face and shall— ribs. (1) Obtain a manufacturer’s certifi- cation that the material was manufac- § 75.201 Definitions. tured and tested in accordance with Automated temporary roof support the specifications of ASTM F432–95; (ATRS) system. A device to provide tem- and porary roof support from a location (2) Make this certification available where the equipment operator is pro- to an authorized representative of the tected from roof falls. Secretary and to the representative of Pillar recovery. Any reduction in pil- miners. lar size during retreat mining. (b) Roof bolts and accessories not ad- dressed in ASTM F432–95 may be used, § 75.202 Protection from falls of roof, provided that the use of such materials face and ribs. is approved by the District Manager (a) The roof, face and ribs of areas based on— where persons work or travel shall be (1) Demonstrations which show that supported or otherwise controlled to the materials have successfully sup- protect persons from hazards related to ported the roof in an area of a coal falls of the roof, face or ribs and coal or mine with similar strata, opening di- rock bursts. mensions and roof stresses; or (b) No person shall work or travel (2) Tests which show the materials to under unsupported roof unless in ac- be effective for supporting the roof in cordance with this subpart. an area of the affected mine which has similar strata, opening dimensions and § 75.203 Mining methods. roof stresses as the area where the roof (a) The method of mining shall not bolts are to be used. During the test expose any person to hazards caused by process, access to the test area shall be
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limited to persons necessary to con- diately after it is installed. Thereafter, duct the test. for each drill head used, at least one (c)(1) A bearing plate shall be firmly roof bolt out of every four installed installed with each roof bolt. shall be measured for actual torque or (2) Bearing plates used directly tension. If the torque or tension of any against the mine roof shall be at least of the roof bolts measured is not within 6 inches square or the equivalent, ex- the range specified in the roof control cept that where the mine roof is firm plan, corrective action shall be taken. and not susceptible to sloughing, bear- (5) In working places from which coal ing plates 5 inches square or the equiv- is produced during any portion of a 24- alent may be used. hour period, the actual torque or ten- (3) Bearing plates used with wood or sion on at least one out of every ten metal materials shall be at least 4 previously installed mechanically an- inches square or the equivalent. chored tensioned roof bolts shall be (4) Wooden materials that are used measured from the outby corner of the between a bearing plate and the mine last open crosscut to the face in each roof in areas which will exist for three advancing section. Corrective action years or more shall be treated to mini- shall be taken if the majority of the mize deterioration. bolts measured— (d) When washers are used with roof (i) Do not maintain at least 70 per- bolts, the washers shall conform to the cent of the minimum torque or tension shape of the roof bolt head and bearing specified in the roof control plan, 50 plate. percent if the roof bolt plates bear (e)(1) The diameter of finishing bits against wood; or shall be within a tolerance of plus or (ii) Have exceeded the maximum minus 0.030 inch of the manufacturer’s specified torque or tension by 50 per- recommended hole diameter for the an- cent. chor used. (2) When separate finishing bits are (6) The mine operator or a person used, they shall be distinguishable designated by the operator shall certify from other bits. by signature and date that measure- (f) Tensioned roof bolts. (1) Roof bolts ments required by paragraph (f)(5) of that provide support by creating a this section have been made. This cer- beam of laminated strata shall be at tification shall be maintained for at least 30 inches long. Roof bolts that least one year and shall be made avail- provide support by suspending the roof able to an authorized representative of from overlying stronger strata shall be the Secretary and representatives of long enough to anchor at least 12 the miners. inches into the stronger strata. (7) Tensioned roof bolts installed in (2) Test holes, spaced at intervals the roof support pattern shall not be specified in the roof control plan, shall used to anchor trailing cables or used be drilled to a depth of at least 12 for any other purpose that could affect inches above the anchorage horizon of the tension of the bolt. Hanging trail- mechanically anchored tensioned bolts ing cables, line brattice, telephone being used. When a test hole indicates lines, or other similar devices which do that bolts would not anchor in com- not place sudden loads on the bolts are petent strata, corrective action shall permitted. be taken. (8) Angle compensating devices shall (3) The installed torque or tension be used to compensate for the angle ranges for roof bolts as specified in the when tensioned roof bolts are installed roof control plan shall maintain the in- at angles greater than 5 degrees from tegrity of the support system and shall the perpendicular to the bearing plate. not exceed the yield point of the roof (g) Non-tensioned grouted roof bolts. bolt nor anchorage capacity of the The first non-tensioned grouted roof strata. bolt installed during each roof bolting (4) In each roof bolting cycle, the ac- cycle shall be tested during or imme- tual torque or tension of the first ten- diately after the first row of bolts has sioned roof bolt installed with each been installed. If the bolt tested does drill head shall be measured imme- not withstand at least 150 foot-pounds
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of torque without rotating in the hole, (1) The minimum diameter of cross- corrective action shall be taken. sectional area of wooden posts shall be as follows: [53 FR 2375, Jan. 27, 1988, as amended at 55 FR 4595, Feb. 8, 1990; 63 FR 20030, Apr. 22, Cross-sec- 1998] Diameter of tional area of Post length (in inches) round posts split posts (in (in inches) square § 75.205 Installation of roof support inches) using mining machines with inte- gral roof bolters. 60 or less ...... 4 13 Over 60 to 84 ...... 5 20 When roof bolts are installed by a Over 84 to 108 ...... 6 28 continuous mining machine with Over 108 to 132 ...... 7 39 intregal roof bolting equipment: Over 132 to 156 ...... 8 50 (a) The distance between roof bolts Over 156 to 180 ...... 9 64 shall not exceed 10 feet crosswise. Over 180 to 204 ...... 10 79 Over 204 to 228 ...... 11 95 (b) Roof bolts to be installed 9 feet or Over 228 ...... 12 113 more apart shall be installed with a wooden crossbar at least 3 inches thick (2) Wooden materials used for support and 8 inches wide, or material which shall have the following dimensions: provides equivalent support. (i) Cap blocks and footings shall have (c) Roof bolts to be installed more flat sides and be at least 2 inches thick, than 8 feet but less than 9 feet apart 4 inches wide and 12 inches long. shall be installed with a wooden plank (ii) Crossbars shall have a minimum at least 2 inches thick and 8 inches cross-sectional area of 24 square inches wide, or material which provides equiv- and be at least 3 inches thick. alent support. (iii) Planks shall be at least 6 inches § 75.206 Conventional roof support. wide and 1 inch thick. (3) Cribbing materials shall have at (a) Except in anthracite mines using least two parallel flat sides. non–mechanized mining systems, when (c) A cluster of two or more posts conventional roof support materials that provide equivalent strength may are used as the only means of support— be used to meet the requirements of (1) The width of any opening shall paragraph (b)(1) of this section, except not exceed 20 feet; that no post shall have a diameter less (2) The spacing of roadway roof sup- than 4 inches or have a cross-sectional port shall not exceed 5 feet; area less than 13 square inches. (3)(i) Supports shall be installed to (d) Materials other than wood used within 5 feet of the uncut face; for support shall have support strength (ii) When supports nearest the face at least equivalent to wooden material must be removed to facilitate the oper- meeting the applicable provisions of ation of face equipment, equivalent this section. temporary support shall be installed (e) Posts and jacks shall be tightly prior to removing the supports; installed on solid footing. (4) Straight roadways shall not ex- (f) When posts are installed under ceed 16 feet wide where full overhead roof susceptible to sloughing a cap support is used and 14 feet wide where only posts are used; block, plank, crossbar or materials that are equally effective shall be (5) Curved roadways shall not exceed placed between the post and the roof. 16 feet wide; and (g) Blocks used for lagging between (6) The roof at the entrance of all the roof and crossbars shall be spaced openings along travelways which are no longer needed for storing supplies or to distribute the load. for travel of equipment shall be sup- (h) Jacks used for roof support shall ported by extending the line of support be used with at least 36 square inches across the opening. of roof bearing surface. (b) Conventional roof support mate- [53 FR 2375, Jan. 27, 1988, as amended at 55 rials shall meet the following specifica- FR 14228, April 16, 1990; 55 FR 20137, May 15, tions: 1990]
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§ 75.207 Pillar recovery. § 75.209 Automated Temporary Roof Support (ATRS) systems. Pillar recovery shall be conducted in the following manner, unless otherwise (a) Except in anthracite mines and as specified in the roof control plan: specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of (a) Full and partial pillar recovery this section, an ATRS system shall be shall not be conducted on the same pil- used with roof bolting machines and lar line, except where physical condi- continuous-mining machines with inte- tions such as unstable floor or roof, gral roof bolters operated in a working falls of roof, oil and gas well barriers or section. The requirements of this para- surface subsidence require that pillars graph shall be met according to the fol- be left in place. lowing schedule: (1) All new machines ordered after (b) Before mining is started in a pil- March 28, 1988. lar split or lift— (2) All existing machines operated in (1) At least two rows of breaker posts mining heights of 36 inches or more or equivalent support shall be in- after March 28, 1989; and stalled— (3) All existing machines operated in (i) As close to the initial intended mining heights of 30 inches or more but breakline as practicable; and less than 36 inches after March 28, 1990. (ii) Across each opening leading into (b) After March 28, 1990 the use of an area where full or partial pillar ex- ATRS systems with existing roof bolt- traction has been completed. ing machines and continuous-mining (2) A row of roadside-radius (turn) machines with integral roof bolters op- posts or equivalent support shall be in- erated in a working section where the stalled leading into the split or lift. mining height is less than 30 inches (c) Before mining is started on a final shall be addressed in the roof control stump— plan. (1) At least 2 rows of posts or equiva- (c) Alternative means of temporary lent support shall be installed on not support shall be used, as specified in more than 4-foot centers on each side the roof control plan, when— of the roadway; and (1) Mining conditions or cir- (2) Only one open roadway, which cumstances prevent the use of an shall not exceed 16 feet wide, shall lead ATRS system; or from solid pillars to the final stump of (2) Temporary supports are installed in conjunction with an ATRS system. a pillar. Where posts are used as the (d) Persons shall work or travel be- sole means of roof support, the width of tween the support device of the ATRS the roadway shall not exceed 14 feet. system and another support, and the (d) During open-end pillar extraction, distance between the support device of at least 2 rows of breaker posts or the ATRS system and support to the equivalent support shall be installed on left, right or beyond the ATRS system, not more than 4-foot centers. These shall not exceed 5 feet. supports shall be installed between the (e) Each ATRS system shall meet lift to be started and the area where each of the following: pillars have been extracted. These sup- (1) The ATRS system shall elas- ports shall be maintained to within 7 tically support a deadweight load feet of the face and the width of the measured in pounds of at least 450 roadway shall not exceed 16 feet. Where times each square foot of roof intended posts are used as the sole means of roof to be supported, but in no case less support, the width of the roadway shall than 11,250 pounds. not exceed 14 feet. (2) The controls that position and set the ATRS system shall be— § 75.208 Warning devices. (i) Operable from under permanently Except during the installation of roof supported roof; or supports, the end of permanent roof (ii) Located in a compartment, which support shall be posted with a readily includes a deck, that provides the visible warning, or a physical barrier equipment operator with overhead and shall be installed to impede travel be- lateral protection, and has the struc- yond permanent support. tural capacity to elastically support a
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deadweight load of at least 18,000 disclose a hazardous condition, sound pounds. and vibration roof tests, or other (3) All jacks affecting the capacity of equivalent tests, shall be made where the ATRS system and compartment supports are to be installed. When shall have check valves or equivalent sound and vibration tests are made, devices that will prevent rapid collapse they shall be conducted— in the event of a system failure. (1) After the ATRS system is set (4) Except for the main tram con- against the roof and before other sup- trols, tram controls for positioning the port is installed; or equipment to set the ATRS system (2) Prior to manually installing a shall limit the speed of the equipment roof support. This test shall begin to a maximum of 80 feet-per-minute. under supported roof and progress no (f) The support capacity of each further than the location where the ATRS system and the structural capac- ity of each compartment shall be cer- next support is to be installed. tified by a registered engineer as meet- (c) When a hazardous roof, face, or ing the applicable requirements of rib condition is detected, the condition paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this sec- shall be corrected before there is any tion. The certifications shall be made other work or travel in the affected available to an authorized representa- area. If the affected area is left unat- tive of the Secretary and representa- tended, each entrance to the area shall tive of the miners. be posted with a readily visible warn- ing, or a physical barrier shall be in- § 75.210 Manual installation of tem- stalled to impede travel into the area. porary support. (d) A bar for taking down loose mate- (a) When manually installing tem- rial shall be available in the working porary support, only persons engaged place or on all face equipment except in installing the support shall proceed haulage equipment. Bars provided for beyond permanent support. taking down loose material shall be of (b) When manually installing tem- a length and design that will allow the porary supports, the first temporary removal of loose material from a posi- support shall be set no more than 5 feet tion that will not expose the person from a permanent roof support and the performing this work to injury from rib. All temporary supports shall be set falling material. so that the person installing the sup- ports remains between the temporary § 75.212 Rehabilitation of areas with support being set and two other sup- unsupported roof. ports which shall be no more than 5 (a) Before rehabilitating each area feet from the support being installed. where a roof fall has occurred or the Each temporary support shall be com- roof has been removed by mining ma- pletely installed prior to installing the chines or by blasting— next temporary support. (1) The mine operator shall establish (c) All temporary supports shall be the clean up and support procedures placed on no more than 5-foot centers. (d) Once temporary supports have that will be followed; been installed, work or travel beyond (2) All persons assigned to perform permanent roof support shall be done rehabilitation work shall be instructed between temporary supports and the in the clean-up and support procedures; nearest permanent support or between and other temporary supports. (3) Ineffective, damaged or missing roof support at the edge of the area to § 75.211 Roof testing and scaling. be rehabilitated shall be replaced or (a) A visual examination of the roof, other equivalent support installed. face and ribs shall be made imme- (b) All persons who perform rehabili- diately before any work is started in an tation work shall be experienced in area and thereafter as conditions war- this work or they shall be supervised rant. by a person experienced in rehabilita- (b) Where the mining height permits tion work who is designated by the and the visual examination does not mine operator.
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(c) Where work is not being per- (f) Except as provided in paragraph formed to rehabilitate an area in ac- (g) of this section, permanent support tive workings where a roof fall has oc- shall not be removed where— curred or the roof has been removed by (1) Roof bolt torque or tension meas- mining machines or by blasting, each urements or the condition of conven- entrance to the area shall be supported tional support indicate excessive load- by at least one row of posts on not ing; more than 5-foot centers, or equally ef- (2) Roof fractures are present; fective support. (3) There is any other indication that the roof is structurally weak; or § 75.213 Roof support removal. (4) Pillar recovery has been con- ducted. (a)(1) All persons who perform the (g) Permanent supports may be re- work of removing permanent roof sup- moved provided that: ports shall be supervised by a manage- (1) Removal is done by persons who ment person experienced in removing are in a remote location under sup- roof supports. ported roof; and (2) Only persons with at least one (2) At least two rows of temporary year of underground mining experience supports, set across the opening on no shall perform permanent roof support more than 5-foot centers, are main- removal work. tained between the miners and the un- (b) Prior to the removal of perma- supported area. nent roof supports, the person super- (h) The provisions of this section do vising roof support removal in accord- not apply to removal of conventional ance with paragraph (a)(1) of this sec- supports for starting crosscuts and pil- tion shall examine the roof conditions lar splits or lifts except that prior to in the area where the supports are to the removal of these supports an exam- be removed and designate each support ination of the roof conditions shall be to be removed. made. (c)(1) Except as provided in paragraph [55 FR 4595, Feb. 8, 1990] (g) of this section, prior to the removal of permanent supports, a row of tem- § 75.214 Supplemental support mate- porary supports on no more than 5-foot rials, equipment and tools. centers or equivalent support shall be (a) A supply of supplementary roof installed across the opening within 4 support materials and the tools and feet of the supports being removed. Ad- equipment necessary to install the ma- ditional supports shall be installed terials shall be available at a readily where necessary to assure safe re- accessible location on each working moval. section or within four crosscuts of each (2) Prior to the removal of roof bolts, working section. temporary support shall be installed as (b) The quantity of support materials close as practicable to each roof bolt and tools and equipment maintained being removed. available in accordance with this sec- (d) Temporary supports installed in tion shall be sufficient to support the accordance with this section shall not roof if adverse roof conditions are en- be removed unless— countered, or in the event of an acci- (1) Removal is done by persons who dent involving a fall. are in a remote location under sup- ported roof; and § 75.215 Longwall mining systems. (2) At least two rows of temporary For each longwall mining section, supports, set across the opening on no the roof control plan shall specify— more than 5-foot centers, are main- (a) The methods that will be used to tained between the miners and the un- maintain a safe travelway out of the supported area. section through the tailgate side of the (e) Each entrance to an area where longwall; and supports have been removed shall be (b) The procedures that will be fol- posted with a readily visible warning lowed if a ground failure prevents trav- or a physical barrier shall be installed el out of the section through the tail- to impede travel into the area. gate side of the longwall.
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§ 75.220 Roof control plan. (1) The name and address of the com- pany. (a)(1) Each mine operator shall de- (2) The name, address, mine identi- velop and follow a roof control plan, fication number and location of the approved by the District Manager, that mine. is suitable to the prevailing geological (3) The name and title of the com- conditions, and the mining system to pany official responsible for the plan. be used at the mine. Additional meas- (4) A typical columnar section of the ures shall be taken to protect persons mine strata which shall— if unusual hazards are encountered. (i) Show the name and the thickness (2) The proposed roof control plan of the coalbed to be mined and any per- and any revisions to the plan shall be sistent partings; submitted, in writing, to the District (ii) Identify the type and show the Manager. When revisions to a roof con- thickness of each stratum up to and in- trol plan are proposed, only the revised cluding the main roof above the coal- pages need to be submitted unless oth- bed and for distance of at least 10 feet erwise specified by the District Man- below the coalbed; and ager. (iii) Indicate the maximum cover (b)(1) The mine operator will be noti- over the area to be mined. fied in writing of the approval or denial (5) A description and drawings of the of approval of a proposed roof control sequence of installation and spacing of plan or proposed revision. supports for each method of mining (2) When approval of a proposed plan used. or revision is denied, the deficiencies of (6) When an ATRS system is used, the plan or revision and recommended the maximum distance that an ATRS changes will be specified and the mine system is to be set beyond the last row operator will be afforded an oppor- of permanent support. tunity to discuss the deficiencies and (7) When tunnel liners or arches are changes with the District Manager. to be used for roof support, specifica- (3) Before new support materials, de- tions and installation procedures for vices or systems other than roof bolts the liners or arches. and accessories, are used as the only (8) Drawings indicating the planned means of roof support, the District width of openings, size of pillars, meth- Manager may require that their effec- od of pillar recovery, and the sequence tiveness be demonstrated by experi- of mining pillars. mental installations. (9) A list of all support materials re- (c) No proposed roof control plan or quired to be used in the roof, face and revision to a roof control plan shall be rib control system, including, if roof implemented before it is approved. bolts are to be installed— (d) Before implementing an approved (i) The length, diameter, grade and revision to a roof control plan, all per- type of anchorage unit to be used; sons who are affected by the revision (ii) The drill hole size to be used; and shall be instructed in its provisions. (iii) The installed torque or tension (e) The approved roof control plan range for tensioned roof bolts. and any revisions shall be available to (10) When mechanically anchored the miners and representative of min- tensioned roof bolts are used, the inter- ers at the mine. vals at which test holes will be drilled. (f) Existing roof control plans that (11) A description of the method of conflict with this subpart C shall be re- protecting persons— vised to meet the requirements of this (i) From falling material at drift subpart C by September 28, 1988. This openings; and paragraph (f) shall expire March 28, (ii) When mining approaches within 1989. 150 feet of an outcrop. [53 FR 2375, Jan. 27, 1988; 53 FR 11395, Apr. 6, (b) Each drawing submitted with a 1988 as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] roof control plan shall contain a legend explaining all symbols used and shall § 75.221 Roof control plan information. specify the scale of the drawing which (a) The following information shall shall not be less than 5 feet to the inch be included in each roof control plan: or more than 20 feet to the inch.
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(c) All roof control plan information, (2) Pillar splits and lifts should not including drawings, shall be submitted be more than 20 feet wide. on 81⁄2 by 11 inch paper, or paper folded (3) Breaker posts should be installed to this size. on not more than 4-foot centers. [53 FR 2375, Jan. 27, 1988, as amended at 60 (4) Roadside-radius (turn) posts, or FR 33723, June 29, 1995] equivalent support, should be installed on not more than 4-foot centers leading § 75.222 Roof control plan–approval into each pillar split or lift. criteria. (5) Before full pillar recovery is start- (a) This section sets forth the cri- ed in areas where roof bolts are used as teria that shall be considered on a the only means of roof support and mine-by-mine basis in the formulation openings are more than 16 feet wide, at and approval of roof control plans and least one row of posts should be in- revisions. Additional measures may be stalled to limit the roadway width to required in plans by the District Man- 16 feet. These posts should be— ager. Roof control plans that do not (i) Extended from the entrance to the conform to the applicable criteria in split through the intersection outby this section may be approved by the the pillar in which the split or lift is District Manager, provided that effec- being made; and tive control of the roof, face and ribs (ii) Spaced on not more than 5-foot can be maintained. (b) Roof Bolting. (1) Roof bolts should centers. be installed on centers not exceeding 5 (e) Unsupported openings at intersec- feet lengthwise and crosswise, except tions. Openings that create an intersec- as specified in § 75.205. tion should be permanently supported (2) When tensioned roof bolts are or at least one row of temporary sup- used as a means of roof support, the ports should be installed on not more torque or tension range should be capa- than 5-foot centers across the opening ble of supporting roof bolt loads of at before any other work or travel in the least 50 percent of either the yield intersection. point of the bolt or anchorage capacity (f) ATRS systems in working sections of the strata, whichever is less. where the mining height is below 30 (3) Any opening that is more than 20 inches. In working sections where the feet wide should be supported by a mining height is below 30 inches, an combination of roof bolts and conven- ATRS system should be used to the ex- tional supports. tent practicable during the installation (4) In any opening more than 20 feet of roof bolts with roof bolting ma- wide— chines and continuous-mining ma- (i) Posts should be installed to limit chines with integral roof bolters. each roadway to 16 feet wide where (g) Longwall mining systems. (1) Sys- straight and 18 feet wide where curved; tematic supplemental support should and be installed throughout— (ii) A row of posts should be set for (i) The tailgate entry of the first each 5 feet of space between the road- longwall panel prior to any mining; way posts and the ribs. and (5) Openings should not be more than 30 feet wide. (ii) In the proposed tailgate entry of (c) Installation of roof support using each subsequent panel in advance of mining machines with integral roof bolt- the frontal abutment stresses of the ers. (1) Before an intersection or pillar panel being mined. split is started, roof bolts should be in- (2) When a ground failure prevents stalled on at least 5-foot centers where travel out of the section through the the work is performed. tailgate side of the longwall section, (2) Where the roof is supported by the roof control plan should address— only two roof bolts crosswise, openings (i) Notification of miners that the should not be more than 16 feet wide. travelway is blocked; (d) Pillar recovery. (1) During develop- (ii) Re-instruction of miners regard- ment, any dimension of a pillar should ing escapeways and escape procedures be at least 20 feet. in the event of an emergency;
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(iii) Re-instruction of miners on the § 75.300 Scope. availability and use of self-contained self-rescue devices; This subpart sets requirements for (iv) Monitoring and evaluation of the underground coal mine ventilation. air entering the longwall section; § 75.301 Definitions. (v) Location and effectiveness of the two-way communication systems; and In addition to the applicable defini- (vi) A means of transportation from tions in § 75.2, the following definitions the section to the main line. apply in this subpart. (3) The plan provisions addressed by Air course. An entry or a set of en- paragraph (g)(2) of this section should tries separated from other entries by remain in effect until a travelway is re- stoppings, overcasts, other ventilation established on the tailgate side of a control devices, or by solid blocks of longwall section. coal or rock so that any mixing of air currents between each is limited to § 75.223 Evaluation and revision of roof control plan. leakage. Incombustible. Incapable of being (a) Revisions of the roof control plan burned. shall be proposed by the operator— (1) When conditions indicate that the Intake air. Air that has not yet venti- plan is not suitable for controlling the lated the last working place on any roof, face, ribs, or coal or rock bursts; split of any working section, or any or worked-out area, whether pillared or (2) When accident and injury experi- nonpillared. ence at the mine indicates the plan is Intrinsically safe. Incapable of releas- inadequate. The accident and injury ing enough electrical or thermal en- experience at each mine shall be re- ergy under normal or abnormal condi- viewed at least every six months. tions to cause ignition of a flammable (b) Each unplanned roof fall and rib mixture of methane or natural gas and fall and coal or rock burst that occurs air of the most easily ignitable com- in the active workings shall be plotted position. on a mine map if it— Noncombustible structure or area. De- (1) Is above the anchorage zone where scribes a structure or area that will roof bolts are used; continue to provide protection against (2) Impairs ventilation; flame spread for at least 1 hour when (3) Impedes passage of persons; subjected to a fire test incorporating (4) Causes miners to be withdrawn an ASTM E119–88 time/temperature from the area affected; or heat input, or equivalent. The publica- (5) Disrupts regular mining activities tion ASTM E119–88, ‘‘Standard Test for more than one hour. Methods for Fire Tests of Building Con- (c) The mine map on which roof falls struction and Materials’’ is incor- are plotted shall be available at the porated by reference and may be in- mine site for inspection by authorized spected at any Coal Mine Health and representatives of the Secretary and Safety District and Subdistrict Office, representatives of miners at the mine. or at MSHA’s Office of Standards, 4015 (d) The roof control plan for each Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, and mine shall be reviewed every six at the Office of the Federal Register, months by an authorized representa- 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite tive of the Secretary. This review shall 700, Washington, DC. In addition, cop- take into consideration any falls of the ies of the document can be purchased roof, face and ribs and the adequacy of from the American Society for Testing the support systems used at the time. Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, [53 FR 2375, Jan. 27, 1988; 60 FR 33723, June 29, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. This 1995] incorporation by reference was ap- proved by the Director of the Federal Subpart D—Ventilation Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. SOURCE: 61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, unless Noncombustible material. Describes a otherwise noted. material which when used to construct
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a ventilation control results in a con- veloping entries, return air courses, trol that will continue to serve its in- and intake air courses. tended function for 1 hour when sub- [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 29288, June jected to a fire test incorporating an 10, 1996] ASTM E119–88 time/temperature heat input, or equivalent. The publication § 75.302 Main mine fans. ASTM E119–88, ‘‘Standard Test Meth- Each coal mine shall be ventilated by ods for Fire Tests of Building Construc- one or more main mine fans. Booster tion and Materials’’ is incorporated by fans shall not be installed underground reference and may be inspected at any to assist main mine fans except in an- Coal Mine Health and Safety District thracite mines. In anthracite mines, and Subdistrict Office, or at MSHA’s booster fans installed in the main air Office of Standards, 4015 Wilson Boule- current or a split of the main air cur- vard, Arlington, VA, and at the Office rent may be used provided their use is of the Federal Register, 800 North Cap- approved in the ventilation plan. itol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washing- § 75.310 Installation of main mine fans. ton, DC. In addition, copies of the doc- ument can be purchased from the (a) Each main mine fan shall be— (1) Installed on the surface in an in- American Society for Testing Mate- combustible housing; rials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Phila- (2) Connected to the mine opening delphia, Pennsylvania 19103. This incor- with incombustible air ducts; poration by reference was approved by (3) Equipped with an automatic de- the Director of the Federal Register in vice that gives a signal at the mine accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 when the fan either slows or stops. A CFR part 51. responsible person designated by the Return air. Air that has ventilated operator shall always be at a surface the last working place on any split of location at the mine where the signal any working section or any worked-out can be seen or heard while anyone is area whether pillared or nonpillared. If underground. This person shall be pro- air mixes with air that has ventilated vided with two-way communication the last working place on any split of with the working sections and work any working section or any worked-out stations where persons are routinely area, whether pillared or nonpillared, assigned to work for the majority of a it is considered return air. For the pur- shift; (4) Equipped with a pressure record- poses of § 75.507–1, air that has been ing device or system. Mines permitted used to ventilate any working place in to shut down main mine fans under a coal producing section or pillared § 75.311 and which do not have a pres- area, or air that has been used to venti- sure recording device installed on main late any working face if such air is di- mine fans shall have until June 10, 1997 rected away from the immediate return to install a pressure recording device is return air. Notwithstanding the defi- or system on all main mine fans. If a nition of intake air, for the purpose of device or system other than a circular ventilation of structures, areas or in- pressure recorder is used to monitor stallations that are required by this main mine fan pressure, the monitor- subpart D to be ventilated to return air ing device or system shall provide a courses, and for ventilation of seals, continuous graph or continuous chart other air courses may be designated as of the pressure as a function of time. return air courses by the operator only At not more than 7-day intervals, a when the air in these air courses will hard copy of the continuous graph or not be used to ventilate working places chart shall be generated or the record or other locations, structures, installa- of the fan pressure shall be stored elec- tions or areas required to be ventilated tronically. When records of fan pres- with intake air. sure are stored electronically, the sys- tem used to store these records shall be Worked-out area. An area where min- secure and not susceptible to alter- ing has been completed, whether ation and shall be capable of storing pillared or nonpillared, excluding de- the required data. Records of the fan
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pressure shall be retained at a surface (ii) A sudden increase or loss in mine location at the mine for at least 1 year ventilating pressure occurs. and be made available for inspection by (5) Provide monitoring, records, authorized representatives of the Sec- printouts, and signals required by para- retary and the representative of min- graphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) at a surface ers; location at the mine where a respon- (5) Protected by one or more weak sible person designated by the operator walls or explosion doors, or a combina- is always on duty and where signals tion of weak walls and explosion doors, from the monitoring system can be located in direct line with possible ex- seen or heard while anyone is under- plosive forces; ground. This person shall be provided (6) Except as provided under para- with two-way communication with the graph (e) of this section, offset by at working sections and work stations least 15 feet from the nearest side of where persons are routinely assigned to the mine opening unless an alternative work for the majority of a shift. method of protecting the fan and its (d) Weak walls and explosion doors associated components is approved in shall have cross-sectional areas at the ventilation plan. least equal to that of the entry through which the pressure from an explosion (b)(1) If an electric motor is used to underground would be relieved. A weak drive a main mine fan, the motor shall wall and explosion door combination operate from a power circuit independ- shall have a total cross-sectional area ent of all mine power circuits. at least equal to that of the entry (2) If an internal combustion engine through which the pressure from an ex- is used to drive a main mine fan— plosion underground would be relieved. (i) The fuel supply shall be protected (e) If a mine fan is installed in line against fires and explosions; with an entry, a slope, or a shaft— (ii) The engine shall be installed in (1) The cross-sectional area of the an incombustible housing and be pressure relief entry shall be at least equipped with a remote shut-down de- equal to that of the fan entry; vice; (2) The fan entry shall be developed (iii) The engine and the engine ex- out of direct line with possible explo- haust system shall be located out of di- sive forces; rect line of the air current exhausting (3) The coal or other solid material from the mine; and between the pressure relief entry and (iv) The engine exhaust shall be vent- the fan entry shall be at least 2,500 ed to the atmosphere so that the ex- square feet; and haust gases do not contaminate the (4) The surface opening of the pres- mine intake air current or any enclo- sure relief entry shall be not less than sure. 15 feet nor more than 100 feet from the (c) If a main mine fan monitoring surface opening of the fan entry and system is used under § 75.312, the sys- from the underground intersection of tem shall— the fan entry and pressure relief entry. (1) Record, as described in paragraph (f) In mines ventilated by multiple (a)(4) the mine ventilating pressure; main mine fans, incombustible doors (2) Monitor bearing temperature, rev- shall be installed so that if any main olutions per minute, vibration, electric mine fan stops and air reversals voltage, and amperage; through the fan are possible, the doors (3) Provide a printout of the mon- on the affected fan automatically itored parameters, including the mine close. ventilating pressure within a reason- [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 61 able period, not to exceed the end of FR 20877, May 8, 1996] the next scheduled shift during which miners are underground; and § 75.311 Main mine fan operation. (4) Be equipped with an automatic de- (a) Main mine fans shall be continu- vice that signals when— ously operated, except as otherwise ap- (i) An electrical or mechanical defi- proved in the ventilation plan, or when ciency exists in the monitoring system; intentionally stopped for testing of or automatic closing doors and automatic
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fan signal devices, maintenance or ad- (h) Any atmospheric monitoring sys- justment of the fan, or to perform tem operated during fan stoppages maintenance or repair work under- shall be intrinsically safe. ground that cannot otherwise be made while the fan is operating. § 75.312 Main mine fan examinations (b) Except as provided in paragraph and records. (c) of this section, when a main mine (a) To assure electrical and mechani- fan is intentionally stopped and the cal reliability of main mine fans, each ventilating quantity provided by the main mine fan and its associated com- fan is not maintained by a back-up fan ponents, including devices for measur- system— ing or recording mine ventilation pres- (1) Only persons necessary to evalu- sure, shall be examined for proper oper- ate the effect of the fan stoppage or re- ation by a trained person designated by start, or to perform maintenance or re- the operator. Examinations of main pair work that cannot otherwise be mine fans shall be made at least once made while the fan is operating, shall each day that the fan operates, unless be permitted underground; a fan monitoring system is used. No ex- (2) Mechanized equipment shall be amination is required on any day when shut off before stopping the fan; and no one, including certified persons, goes underground, except that an ex- (3) Electric power circuits entering amination shall be completed prior to underground areas of the mine shall be anyone entering the mine. deenergized. (b)(1) If a main mine fan monitoring (c) When a back-up fan system is system is used, a trained person des- used that does not provide the ventilat- ignated by the operator shall— ing quantity provided by the main (i) At least once each day review the mine fan, persons may be permitted in data provided by the fan monitoring the mine and electric power circuits system to assure that the fan and the may be energized as specified in the ap- fan monitoring system are operating proved ventilation plan. properly. No review is required on any (d) If an unusual variance in the mine day when no one, including certified ventilation pressure is observed, or if persons, goes underground, except that an electrical or mechanical deficiency a review of the data shall be performed of a main mine fan is detected, the prior to anyone entering the under- mine foreman or equivalent mine offi- ground portion of the mine. Data re- cial, or in the absence of the mine fore- viewed should include the fan pressure, man or equivalent mine official, a des- bearing temperature, revolutions per ignated certified person acting for the minute, vibration, electric voltage, and mine foreman or equivalent mine offi- amperage; and cial shall be notified immediately, and (ii) At least every 7 days— appropriate action or repairs shall be (A) Test the monitoring system for instituted promptly. proper operation; and (e) While persons are underground, a (B) Examine each main mine fan and responsible person designated by the its associated components to assure operator shall always be at a surface electrical and mechanical reliability of location where each main mine fan sig- main mine fans. nal can be seen or heard. (2) If the monitoring system malfunc- (f) The area within 100 feet of main tions, the malfunction shall be cor- mine fans and intake air openings shall rected, or paragraph (a) of this section be kept free of combustible material, shall apply. unless alternative precautions nec- (c) At least every 31 days, the auto- essary to provide protection from fire matic fan signal device for each main or other products of combustion are ap- mine fan shall be tested by stopping proved in the ventilation plan. the fan. Only persons necessary to (g) If multiple mine fans are used, the evaluate the effect of the fan stoppage mine ventilation system shall be de- or restart, or to perform maintenance signed and maintained to eliminate or repair work that cannot otherwise areas without air movement. be made while the fan is operating,
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shall be permitted underground. Not- be secure and not susceptible to alter- withstanding the requirement of ation. § 75.311(b)(3), underground power may (g)(1) Recordkeeping. By the end of the remain energized during this test pro- shift on which the examination is vided no one, including persons identi- made, persons making main mine fan fied in § 75.311(b)(1), is underground. If examinations shall record all uncor- the fan is not restarted within 15 min- rected defects that may affect the op- utes, underground power shall be deen- eration of the fan that are not cor- ergized and no one shall enter any un- rected by the end of that shift. Records derground area of the mine until the fan is restarted and an examination of shall be maintained in a secure book the mine is conducted as described in that is not susceptible to alteration or § 75.360 (b) through (e) and the mine has electronically in a computer system so been determined to be safe. as to be secure and not susceptible to (d) At least every 31 days, the auto- alteration. matic closing doors in multiple main (2) When a fan monitoring system is mine fan systems shall be tested by used in lieu of the daily fan examina- stopping the fan. Only persons nec- tion— essary to evaluate the effect of the fan (i) The certified copies of data pro- stoppage or restart, or to perform duced by fan monitoring systems shall maintenance or repair work that can- be maintained separate from other not otherwise be made while the fan is computer-generated reports or data; operating, shall be permitted under- and ground. Notwithstanding the provi- (ii) A record shall be made of any fan sions of § 75.311, underground power monitoring system malfunctions, elec- may remain energized during this test trical or mechanical deficiencies in the provided no one, including persons identified in § 75.311(b)(1), is under- monitoring system and any sudden in- ground. If the fan is not restarted with- crease or loss in mine ventilating pres- in 15 minutes, underground power shall sure. The record shall be made by the be deenergized and no one shall enter end of the shift on which the review of any underground area of the mine, the data is completed and shall be until the fan is restarted and an exam- maintained in a secure book that is not ination of the mine is conducted as de- susceptible to alteration or electroni- scribed in § 75.360 (b) through (e) and cally in a computer system so as to be the mine has been determined to be secure and not susceptible to alter- safe. ation. (e) Circular main mine fan pressure (3) By the end of the shift on which recording charts shall be changed be- the monthly test of the automatic fan fore the beginning of a second revolu- signal device or the automatic closing tion. doors is completed, persons making (f)(1) Persons making Certification. these tests shall record the results of main mine fan examinations shall cer- the tests. Records shall be maintained tify by initials and date at the fan or another location specified by the oper- in a secure book that is not susceptible ator that the examinations were made. to alteration or electronically in a Each certification shall identify the computer system so as to be secure and main mine fan examined. not susceptible to alteration. (2) Persons reviewing data produced (h) Retention period. Records, includ- by a main mine fan monitoring system ing records of mine fan pressure and shall certify by initials and date on a the certified copies of data produced by printed copy of the data from the sys- fan monitoring systems, shall be re- tem that the review was completed. In tained at a surface location at the lieu of certification on a copy of the mine for at least 1 year and shall be data, the person reviewing the data made available for inspection by au- may certify electronically that the re- thorized representatives of the Sec- view was completed. Electronic certifi- retary and the representative of min- cation shall be by handwritten initials ers. and date in a computer system so as to
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§ 75.313 Main mine fan stoppage with is specified in the approved ventilation persons underground. plan. (a) If a main mine fan stops while (ii) Underground power circuits shall anyone is underground and the ven- not be energized and nonpermissible tilating quantity provided by the fan is mechanized equipment shall not be not maintained by a back-up fan sys- started or operated in an area until an tem— examination is conducted as described in § 75.360(b) through (e) and the area (1) Electrically powered equipment in has been determined to be safe, except each working section shall be deener- that designated certified examiners gized; may use nonpermissible transportation (2) Other mechanized equipment in equipment in intake airways to facili- each working section shall be shut off; tate the making of the required exam- and ination. (3) Everyone shall be withdrawn from (2) If ventilation is restored to the the working sections and areas where mine before miners reach the surface, mechanized mining equipment is being the miners may return to underground installed or removed. working areas only after an examina- (b) If ventilation is restored within 15 tion of the areas is made by a certified minutes after a main mine fan stops, person and the areas are determined to certified persons shall examine for be safe. methane in the working places and in (e) Any atmospheric monitoring sys- other areas where methane is likely to tem operated during fan stoppages accumulate before work is resumed and shall be intrinsically safe. before equipment is energized or re- started in these areas. § 75.320 Air quality detectors and (c) If ventilation is not restored with- measurement devices. in 15 minutes after a main mine fan (a) Tests for methane shall be made stops— by a qualified person with MSHA ap- (1) Everyone shall be withdrawn from proved detectors that are maintained the mine; in permissible and proper operating (2) Underground electric power cir- condition and calibrated with a known cuits shall be deenergized. However, methane-air mixture at least once circuits necessary to withdraw persons every 31 days. from the mine need not be deenergized (b) Tests for oxygen deficiency shall if located in areas or haulageways be made by a qualified person with where methane is not likely to migrate MSHA approved oxygen detectors that to or accumulate. These circuits shall are maintained in permissible and be deenergized as persons are with- proper operating condition and that drawn; and can detect 19.5 percent oxygen with an (3) Mechanized equipment not lo- accuracy of ±0.5 percent. The oxygen cated on working sections shall be shut detectors shall be calibrated at the off. However, mechanized equipment start of each shift that the detectors necessary to withdraw persons from will be used. the mine need not be shut off if located (c) Handheld devices that contain in areas where methane is not likely to electrical components and that are migrate to or accumulate. used for measuring air velocity, carbon (d)(1) When ventilation is restored— monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, and other (i) No one other than designated cer- gases shall be approved and maintained tified examiners shall enter any under- in permissible and proper operating ground area of the mine until an exam- condition. ination is conducted as described in (d) An oxygen detector approved by § 75.360(b) through (e) and the area has MSHA shall be used to make tests for been determined to be safe. Designated oxygen deficiency required by the regu- certified examiners shall enter the un- lations in this part. Permissible flame derground area of the mine from which safety lamps may only be used as a miners have been withdrawn only after supplementary testing device. the fan has operated for at least 15 (e) Maintenance of instruments re- minutes unless a longer period of time quired by paragraphs (a) through (d) of
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this section shall be done by persons every Coal Mine Health and Safety Dis- trained in such maintenance. trict and Subdistrict Office. The mate- rial is available for examination at the § 75.321 Air quality. Office of the Federal Register, 800 N. (a)(1) The air in areas where persons Capitol Street, NW., 7th Floor, suite work or travel, except as specified in 700, Washington, DC. paragraph (a)(2) of this section, shall [61 FR 26442, May 28, 1996] contain at least 19.5 percent oxygen and not more than 0.5 percent carbon § 75.323 Actions for excessive methane. dioxide, and the volume and velocity of the air current in these areas shall be (a) Location of tests. Tests for meth- sufficient to dilute, render harmless, ane concentrations under this section and carry away flammable, explosive, shall be made at least 12 inches from noxious, and harmful gases, dusts, the roof, face, ribs, and floor. smoke, and fumes. (b) Working places and intake air (2) The air in areas of bleeder entries courses. (1) When 1.0 percent or more and worked-out areas where persons methane is present in a working place work or travel shall contain at least or an intake air course, including an 19.5 percent oxygen, and carbon dioxide air course in which a belt conveyor is levels shall not exceed 0.5 percent time located, or in an area where mecha- weighted average and 3.0 percent short nized mining equipment is being in- term exposure limit. stalled or removed— (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of (i) Except intrinsically safe atmos- § 75.322, for the purpose of preventing pheric monitoring systems (AMS), explosions from gases other than meth- electrically powered equipment in the ane, the following gases shall not be affected area shall be deenergized, and permitted to accumulate in excess of other mechanized equipment shall be the concentrations listed below: shut off; (1) Carbon monoxide (CO)—2.5 per- (ii) Changes or adjustments shall be cent made at once to the ventilation system (2) Hydrogen (H2)—.80 percent to reduce the concentration of methane (3) Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)—.80 per- to less than 1.0 percent; and cent (iii) No other work shall be permitted (4) Acetylene (C2 H2)—.40 percent in the affected area until the methane (5) Propane (C H )—.40 percent 3 8 concentration is less than 1.0 percent. (6) MAPP (methyl-acetylene-propyl- (2) When 1.5 percent or more methane ene-propodiene)—.30 percent is present in a working place or an in- § 75.322 Harmful quantities of noxious take air course, including an air course gases. in which a belt conveyor is located, or Concentrations of noxious or poison- in an area where mechanized mining ous gases, other than carbon dioxide, equipment is being installed or re- shall not exceed the threshold limit moved— values (TLV) as specified and applied (i) Everyone except those persons re- by the American Conference of Govern- ferred to in § 104(c) of the Act shall be mental Industrial Hygienists in withdrawn from the affected area; and ‘‘Threshold Limit Values for Substance (ii) Except for intrinsically safe in Workroom Air’’ (1972). Detectors or AMS, electrically powered equipment laboratory analysis of mine air samples in the affected area shall be discon- shall be used to determine the con- nected at the power source. centrations of harmful, noxious, or poi- (c) Return air split. (1) When 1.0 per- sonous gases. This incorporation by cent or more methane is present in a reference has been approved by the Di- return air split between the last work- rector of the Federal Register in ac- ing place on a working section and cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR where that split of air meets another part 51. Copies are available from the split of air, or the location at which Mine Safety and Health Administra- the split is used to ventilate seals or tion, Department of Labor, 4015 Wilson worked-out areas changes or adjust- Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22203 and at ments shall be made at once to the
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ventilation system to reduce the con- (iii) Except for intrinsically safe centration of methane in the return air AMS, equipment in the affected area to less than 1.0 percent. shall be deenergized, electric power (2) When 1.5 percent or more methane shall be disconnected at the power is present in a return air split between source, and other mechanized equip- the last working place on a working ment shall be shut off; and section and where that split of air (iv) No other work shall be permitted meets another split of air, or the loca- in the affected area until the methane tion where the split is used to ventilate concentration in the return air is less seals or worked-out areas— than 1.5 percent. (i) Everyone except those persons re- (e) Bleeders and other return air ferred to in § 104(c) of the Act shall be courses. The concentration of methane withdrawn from the affected area; in a bleeder split of air immediately (ii) Other than intrinsically safe before the air in the split joins another AMS, equipment in the affected area split of air, or in a return air course shall be deenergized, electric power other than as described in paragraphs shall be disconnected at the power (c) and (d) of this section, shall not ex- source, and other mechanized equip- ceed 2.0 percent. ment shall be shut off; and (iii) No other work shall be permitted § 75.324 Intentional changes in the in the affected area until the methane ventilation system. concentration in the return air is less (a) A person designated by the opera- than 1.0 percent. tor shall supervise any intentional (d) Return air split alternative. (1) The change in ventilation that— provisions of this paragraph apply if— (1) Alters the main air current or any (i) The quantity of air in the split split of the main air current in a man- ventilating the active workings is at ner that could materially affect the least 27,000 cubic feet per minute in the safety or health of persons in the mine; last open crosscut or the quantity spec- or ified in the approved ventilation plan, (2) Affects section ventilation by whichever is greater; 9,000 cubic feet per minute of air or (ii) The methane content of the air in more in bituminous or lignite mines, or the split is continuously monitored 5,000 cubic feet per minute of air or during mining operations by an AMS more in anthracite mines. that gives a visual and audible signal (b) Intentional changes shall be made on the working section when the meth- only under the following conditions: ane in the return air reaches 1.5 per- (1) Electric power shall be removed cent, and the methane content is mon- from areas affected by the ventilation itored as specified in § 75.351; and change and mechanized equipment in (iii) Rock dust is continuously ap- those areas shall be shut off before the plied with a mechanical duster to the ventilation change begins. return air course during coal produc- (2) Only persons making the change tion at a location in the air course im- in ventilation shall be in the mine. mediately outby the most inby mon- (3) Electric power shall not be re- itoring point. stored to the areas affected by the ven- (2) When 1.5 percent or more methane tilation change and mechanized equip- is present in a return air split between ment shall not be restarted until a cer- a point in the return opposite the sec- tified person has examined these areas tion loading point and where that split for methane accumulation and for oxy- of air meets another split of air or gen deficiency and has determined that where the split of air is used to venti- the areas are safe. late seals or worked-out areas— (i) Changes or adjustments shall be § 75.325 Air quantity. made at once to the ventilation system (a)(1) In bituminous and lignite to reduce the concentration of methane mines the quantity of air shall be at in the return air below 1.5 percent; least 3,000 cubic feet per minute reach- (ii) Everyone except those persons re- ing each working face where coal is ferred to in § 104(c) of the Act shall be being cut, mined, drilled for blasting, withdrawn from the affected area; or loaded. When a greater quantity is
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necessary to dilute, render harmless, be specified in the approved ventilation and carry away flammable, explosive, plan. The locations specified shall be at noxious, and harmful gases, dusts, least 50 feet but no more than 100 feet smoke, and fumes, this quantity shall from the headgate and tailgate, respec- be specified in the approved ventilation tively. plan. A minimum air quantity may be (d) Ventilation shall be maintained required to be specified in the approved during installation and removal of ventilation plan for other working mechanized mining equipment. The ap- places or working faces. proved ventilation plan shall specify (2) The quantity of air reaching the the minimum quantity of air, the loca- working face shall be determined at or tions where this quantity will be pro- near the face end of the line curtain, vided and the ventilation controls re- ventilation tubing, or other ventilation quired. control device. If the curtain, tubing, (e) In anthracite mines, the quantity or device extends beyond the last row of air shall be as follows: of permanent roof supports, the quan- (1) At least 1,500 cubic feet per tity of air reaching the working face minute reaching each working face shall be determined behind the line where coal is being mined, unless a curtain or in the ventilation tubing at greater quantity is required to be spec- or near the last row of permanent sup- ified in the approved ventilation plan. ports. (2) At least 5,000 cubic feet per (3) If machine mounted dust collec- minute passing through the last open tors or diffuser fans are used, the ap- crosscut in each set of entries or rooms proved ventilation plan shall specify and at the intake end of any pillar line, the operating volume of the dust col- unless a greater quantity is required to lector or diffuser fan. be specified in the approved ventilation (b) In bituminous and lignite mines, plan. the quantity of air reaching the last (3) When robbing areas where air cur- open crosscut of each set of entries or rents cannot be controlled and air rooms on each working section and the measurements cannot be obtained, the quantity of air reaching the intake end air shall have perceptible movement. of a pillar line shall be at least 9,000 (f) The minimum ventilating air cubic feet per minute unless a greater quantity for an individual unit of die- quantity is required to be specified in sel-powered equipment being operated the approved ventilation plan. This shall be at least that specified on the minimum also applies to sections approval plate for that equipment. which are not operating but are capa- Such air quantity shall be main- ble of producing coal by simply ener- tained— gizing the equipment on the section. (1) In any working place where the (c) In longwall and shortwall mining equipment is being operated; systems— (2) At the section loading point dur- (1) The quantity of air shall be at ing any shift the equipment is being least 30,000 cubic feet per minute reach- operated on the working section; ing the working face of each longwall, (3) In any entry where the equipment unless the operator demonstrates that is being operated outby the section a lesser air quantity will maintain con- loading point in areas of the mine de- tinual compliance with applicable veloped on or after April 25, 1997; methane and respirable dust standards. (4) In any air course with single or This lesser quantity shall be specified multiple entries where the equipment in the approved ventilation plan. A is being operated outby the section quantity greater than 30,000 cubic feet loading point in areas of the mine de- per minute may be required to be speci- veloped prior to April 25, 1997; and fied in the approved ventilation plan. (5) At any other location required by (2) The velocity of air that will be the district manager and specified in provided to control methane and res- the approved ventilation plan. pirable dust in accordance with appli- (g) The minimum ventilating air cable standards on each longwall or quantity where multiple units of die- shortwall and the locations where sel-powered equipment are operated on these velocities will be provided shall working sections and in areas where
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mechanized mining equipment is being (k) As of November 25, 1997 the ven- installed or removed must be at least tilating air quantity required where the sum of that specified on the ap- diesel-powered equipment is operated proval plates of all the diesel-powered shall meet the requirements of para- equipment on the working section or in graphs (f) through (j) of this section. the area where mechanized mining Mine operators utilizing diesel-powered equipment is being installed or re- equipment in underground coal mines moved. The minimum ventilating air shall submit to the appropriate MSHA quantity shall be specified in the ap- district manager a revised ventilation proved ventilation plan. For working plan or appropriate amendments to the sections such air quantity must be existing plan, in accordance with maintained— § 75.371, which implement the require- (1) In the last open crosscut of each ments of paragraphs (f) through (j) of set of entries or rooms in each working this section. section; [61 FR 9828, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 26442, May 28, (2) In the intake, reaching the work- 1996; 61 FR 29288, June 10, 1996, as amended at ing face of each longwall; and 61 FR 55526, Oct. 25, 1996; 62 FR 34641, June 27, (3) At the intake end of any pillar 1997] line. (h) The following equipment may be § 75.326 Mean entry air velocity. excluded from the calculations of ven- In exhausting face ventilation sys- tilating air quantity under paragraph tems, the mean entry air velocity shall (g) if such equipment exclusion is ap- be at least 60 feet per minute reaching proved by the district manager and each working face where coal is being specified in the ventilation plan: cut, mined, drilled for blasting, or load- (1) Self-propelled equipment meeting ed, and to any other working places as the requirements of § 75.1908(b); required in the approved ventilation (2) Equipment that discharges its ex- plan. A lower mean entry air velocity haust into intake air that is coursed may be approved in the ventilation directly to a return air course; plan if the lower velocity will maintain (3) Equipment that discharges its ex- methane and respirable dust concentra- haust directly into a return air course; tions in accordance with the applicable and levels. Mean entry air velocity shall be (4) Other equipment having duty cy- determined at or near the inby end of cles such that the emissions would not the line curtain, ventilation tubing, or significantly affect the exposure of other face ventilation control devices. miners. [61 FR 9828, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 29288, June (i) A ventilating air quantity that is 10, 1996] less than what is required by paragraph (g) of this section may be approved by § 75.327 Air courses and trolley haul- the district manager in the ventilation age systems. plan based upon the results of sampling (a) In any mine opened on or after that demonstrate that the lesser air March 30, 1970, or in any new working quantity will maintain continuous section of a mine opened before that compliance with applicable TLV’s. date, where trolley haulage systems (j) If during sampling required by are maintained and where trolley wires § 70.1900(c) of this subchapter the ven- or trolley feeder wires are installed, an tilating air is found to contain con- authorized representative of the Sec- centrations of CO or NO2 in excess of retary shall require enough entries or the action level specified by § 70.1900(c), rooms as intake air courses to limit higher action levels may be approved the velocity of air currents in the by the district manager based on the haulageways to minimize the hazards results of sampling that demonstrate of fires and dust explosions in the that a higher action level will main- haulageways. tain continuous compliance with appli- (b) Unless the district manager ap- cable TLV’s. Action levels other than proves a higher velocity, the velocity those specified in § 70.1900(c) shall be of the air current in the trolley haul- specified in the approved ventilation age entries shall be limited to not more plan. than 250 feet per minute. A higher air
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velocity may be required to limit the (4) Located and operated to avoid re- methane content in these haulage en- circulation of air. tries or elsewhere in the mine to less (b) If a deficiency exists in any auxil- than 1.0 percent and provide an ade- iary fan system, the deficiency shall be quate supply of oxygen. corrected or the auxiliary fan shall be deenergized immediately. § 75.330 Face ventilation control de- (c) If the air passing through an aux- vices. iliary fan or tubing contains 1.0 per- (a) Brattice cloth, ventilation tubing cent or more methane, power to elec- and other face ventilation control de- trical equipment in the working place vices shall be made of flame-resistant and to the auxiliary fan shall be deen- material approved by MSHA. ergized, and other mechanized equip- (b)(1) Ventilation control devices ment in the working place shall be shall be used to provide ventilation to shut off until the methane concentra- dilute, render harmless, and to carry tion is reduced to less than 1.0 percent. away flammable, explosive, noxious, (d) When an auxiliary fan is and harmful gases, dusts, smoke, and stopped— fumes— (1) Line brattice or other face ven- (i) To each working face from which tilation control devices shall be used to coal is being cut, mined, drilled for maintain ventilation to affected faces; blasting, or loaded; and and (ii) To any other working places as (2) Electrical equipment in the af- required by the approved ventilation fected working places shall be discon- plan. nected at the power source, and other (2) These devices shall be installed at mechanized equipment shall be shut off a distance no greater than 10 feet from until ventilation to the working place the area of deepest penetration to is restored. which any portion of the face has been advanced unless an alternative dis- § 75.332 Working sections and working places. tance is specified and approved in the ventilation plan. Alternative distances (a)(1) Each working section and each specified shall be capable of maintain- area where mechanized mining equip- ing concentrations of respirable dust, ment is being installed or removed, methane, and other harmful gases, in shall be ventilated by a separate split accordance with the levels specified in of intake air directed by overcasts, the applicable sections of this chapter. undercasts or other permanent ventila- (c) When the line brattice or any tion controls. other face ventilation control device is (2) When two or more sets of mining damaged to an extent that ventilation equipment are simultaneously engaged of the working face is inadequate, pro- in cutting, mining, or loading coal or duction activities in the working place rock from working places within the shall cease until necessary repairs are same working section, each set of min- made and adequate ventilation is re- ing equipment shall be on a separate stored. split of intake air. (3) For purposes of this section, a set [61 FR 9828, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 29288, June of mining equipment includes a single 10, 1996] loading machine, a single continuous mining machine, or a single longwall § 75.331 Auxiliary fans and tubing. or shortwall mining machine. (a) When auxiliary fans and tubing (b)(1) Air that has passed through are used for face ventilation, each aux- any area that is not examined under iliary fan shall be— §§ 75.360, 75.361 or 75.364 of this subpart, (1) Permissible, if the fan is elec- or through an area where second min- trically operated; ing has been done shall not be used to (2) Maintained in proper operating ventilate any working place. Second condition; mining is intentional retreat mining (3) Deenergized or shut off when no where pillars have been wholly or par- one is present on the working section; tially removed, regardless of the and amount of recovery obtained.
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(2) Air that has passed by any open- point of deepest penetration, whichever ing of any unsealed area that is not ex- distance is less; and amined under §§ 75.360, 75.361 or 75.364 of (5) In return air courses to direct air this subpart, shall not be used to venti- into adjacent worked-out areas. late any working place. (c) Personnel doors shall be con- structed of noncombustible material § 75.333 Ventilation controls. and shall be of sufficient strength to (a) For purposes of this section, serve their intended purpose of main- ‘‘doors’’ include any door frames. taining separation and permitting (b) Permanent stoppings or other per- travel between air courses, and shall be manent ventilation control devices installed as follows in permanent stoppings constructed after November constructed after November 15, 1992, 15, 1992: shall be built and maintained— (1) The distance between personnel (1) Between intake and return air doors shall be no more than 300 feet in courses, except temporary controls seam heights below 48 inches and 600 may be used in rooms that are 600 feet feet in seam heights 48 inches or high- or less from the centerline of the entry er. from which the room was developed in- (2) The location of all personnel doors cluding where continuous face haulage in stoppings along escapeways shall be systems are used in such rooms. Unless clearly marked so that the doors may otherwise approved in the ventilation be easily identified by anyone travel- plan, these stoppings or controls shall ing in the escapeway and in the entries be maintained to and including the on either side of the doors. third connecting crosscut outby the (3) When not in use, personnel doors working face; shall be closed. (2) To separate belt conveyor (d) Doors, other than personnel haulageways from return air courses, doors, constructed after November 15, except where belt entries in areas of 1992, that are used in lieu of permanent mines developed before March 30, 1970, stoppings or to control ventilation are used as return air courses; within an air course shall be: (3) To separate belt conveyor (1) Made of noncombustible material haulageways from intake air courses or coated on all accessible surfaces when the air in the intake air courses with flame-retardant materials having is used to provide air to active working a flame-spread index of 25 or less, as places. Temporary ventilation controls tested under ASTM E162–87, ‘‘Standard may be used in rooms that are 600 feet Test Method for Surface Flammability or less from the centerline of the entry of Materials Using A Radiant Heat En- from which the rooms were developed ergy Source.’’ This publication is in- including where continuous face haul- corporated by reference and may be in- age systems are used in such rooms. spected at any Coal Mine Health and When continuous face haulage systems Safety District and Subdistrict Office, are used, permanent stoppings or other or at MSHA’s Office of Standards, 4015 permanent ventilation control devices Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, and shall be built and maintained to the at the Office of the Federal Register, outby most point of travel of the dolly 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite or 600 feet from the point of deepest 700, Washington, DC. In addition, cop- penetration in the conveyor belt entry, ies of the document can be purchased whichever distance is closer to the from the American Society for Testing point of deepest penetration, to sepa- (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadel- rate the continuous haulage entry from phia, Pennsylvania 19103. This incorpo- the intake entries; ration by reference was approved by (4) To separate the primary the Director of the Federal Register in escapeway from belt and trolley haul- accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 age entries, as required by § 75.380(g). CFR part 51. For the purposes of § 75.380(g), the load- (2) Of sufficient strength to serve ing point for a continuous haulage sys- their intended purpose of maintaining tem shall be the outby most point of separation and permitting travel be- travel of the dolly or 600 feet from the tween or within air courses or entries.
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(3) Installed in pairs to form an air- 15, 1992, shall be constructed of alu- lock. When an airlock is used, one side minum. of the airlock shall remain closed. (2) In anthracite mines, permanent When not in use, both sides shall be stoppings may be constructed of over- closed. lapping layers of hardwood mine (e)(1)(i) Except as provided in para- boards, if the stoppings are a minimum graphs (e)(2), (e)(3) and (e)(4) of this 2 inches thick. section all overcasts, undercasts, shaft (3) When timbers are used to create partitions, permanent stoppings, and permanent stoppings in heaving or cav- regulators, installed after June 10, 1996, ing areas, the stoppings shall be coated shall be constructed in a traditionally on all accessible surfaces with a flame- accepted method and of materials that retardant material having a flame- have been demonstrated to perform spread index of 25 or less, as tested adequately or in a method and of mate- under ASTM E162–87, ‘‘Standard Test rials that have been tested and shown Method for Surface Flammability of to have a minimum strength equal to Materials Using A Radiant Heat En- or greater than the traditionally ac- ergy Source.’’ This publication is in- cepted in-mine controls. Tests may be corporated by reference and may be in- spected at any Coal Mine Health and performed under ASTM E72–80, ‘‘Stand- Safety District and Subdistrict Office, ard Methods of Conducting Strength or at MSHA’s Office of Standards, 4015 Tests of Panels for Building Construc- Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, and tion’’ (Section 12—Transverse Load— at the Office of the Federal Register, Specimen Vertical, load, only), or the 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite operator may conduct comparative in- 700, Washington, DC. In addition, cop- mine tests. In-mine tests shall be de- ies of the document can be purchased signed to demonstrate the comparative from the American Society for Testing strength of the proposed construction (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadel- and a traditionally accepted in-mine phia, Pennsylvania 19103. This incorpo- control. The publication ASTM E72–80, ration by reference was approved by ‘‘Standard Methods of Conducting the Director of the Federal Register in Strength Tests of Panels for Building accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 Construction’’ is incorporated by ref- CFR part 51. erence and may be inspected at any (4) In anthracite mines, doors and Coal Mine Health and Safety District regulators may be constructed of over- and Subdistrict Office, or at MSHA’s lapping layers of hardwood boards, if Office of Standards, 4015 Wilson Boule- the doors, door frames, and regulators vard, Arlington, VA, and at the Office are a minimum 2 inches thick. of the Federal Register, 800 North Cap- (f) When sealants are applied to ven- itol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washing- tilation controls, the sealant shall ton, DC. In addition, copies of the doc- have a flame-spread index of 25 or less ument can be purchased from the under ASTM E162–87, ‘‘Standard Test American Society for Testing (ASTM), Method for Surface Flammability of 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Penn- Materials Using A Radiant Heat En- sylvania 19103. This incorporation by ergy Source.’’ This publication is in- reference was approved by the Director corporated by reference and may be in- of the Federal Register in accordance spected at any Coal Mine Health and with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Safety District and Subdistrict Office, (ii) All overcasts, undercasts, shaft or at MSHA’s Office of Standards, 4015 partitions, permanent stoppings, and Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, and regulators, installed after November 15, at the Office of the Federal Register, 1992, shall be constructed of non- 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite combustible material. Materials that 700, Washington, DC. In addition, cop- are suitable for the construction of ies of the document can be purchased overcasts, undercasts, shaft partitions, from the American Society for Testing permanent stoppings, and regulators (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadel- include concrete, concrete block, brick, phia, Pennsylvania 19103. This incorpo- cinder block, tile, or steel. No ventila- ration by reference was approved by tion controls installed after November the Director of the Federal Register in
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accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 movement through the worked-out CFR part 51. area. (g) Before mining is discontinued in (d) If the bleeder system used does an entry or room that is advanced not continuously dilute and move more than 20 feet from the inby rib, a methane-air mixtures and other gases, crosscut shall be made or line brattice dusts, and fumes away from worked- shall be installed and maintained to out areas into a return air course or to provide adequate ventilation. When the surface of the mine, or it cannot be conditions such as methane liberation determined by examinations or evalua- warrant a distance less than 20 feet, tions under § 75.364 that the bleeder sys- the approved ventilation plan shall tem is working effectively, the worked- specify the location of such rooms or out area shall be sealed. entries and the maximum distance (e) Each mining system shall be de- they will be developed before a cross- signed so that each worked-out area cut is made or line brattice is installed. can be sealed. The approved ventilation (h) All ventilation controls, including plan shall specify the location and the seals, shall be maintained to serve the sequence of construction of proposed purpose for which they were built. seals. (f) In place of the requirements of [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 20877, May 8, 1996; 61 FR 26442, May 28, 1996; 61 FR 29288, paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, 29289, June 10, 1996]] for mines with a demonstrated history of spontaneous combustion, or that are § 75.334 Worked-out areas and areas located in a coal seam determined to where pillars are being recovered. be susceptible to spontaneous combus- (a) Worked-out areas where no pillars tion, the approved ventilation plan have been recovered shall be— shall specify the following: (1) Ventilated so that methane-air (1) Measures to detect methane, car- mixtures and other gases, dusts, and bon monoxide, and oxygen concentra- fumes from throughout the worked-out tions during and after pillar recovery, areas are continuously diluted and and in worked-out areas where no pil- routed into a return air course or to lars have been recovered, to determine the surface of the mine; or if the areas must be ventilated or (2) Sealed. sealed. (b)(1) During pillar recovery a bleeder (2) Actions that will be taken to pro- system shall be used to control the air tect miners from the hazards of sponta- passing through the area and to con- neous combustion. tinuously dilute and move methane-air (3) If a bleeder system will not be mixtures and other gases, dusts, and used, the methods that will be used to fumes from the worked-out area away control spontaneous combustion, accu- from active workings and into a return mulations of methane-air mixtures, air course or to the surface of the and other gases, dusts, and fumes in mine. the worked-out area. (2) After pillar recovery a bleeder system shall be maintained to provide § 75.335 Construction of seals. ventilation to the worked-out area, or (a)(1) Each seal constructed after No- the area shall be sealed. vember 15, 1992, shall be— (c) The approved ventilation plan (i) Constructed of solid concrete shall specify the following: blocks at least 6 by 8 by 16 inches, laid (1) The design and use of bleeder sys- in a transverse pattern with mortar be- tems; tween all joints; (2) The means to determine the effec- (ii) Hitched into solid ribs to a depth tiveness of bleeder systems; of at least 4 inches and hitched at least (3) The means for adequately main- 4 inches into the floor; taining bleeder entries free of obstruc- (iii) At least 16 inches thick. When tions such as roof falls and standing the thickness of the seal is less than 24 water; and inches and the width is greater than 16 (4) The location of ventilating de- feet or the height is greater than 10 vices such as regulators, stoppings and feet, a pilaster shall be interlocked bleeder connectors used to control air near the center of the seal. The pilaster
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shall be at least 16 inches by 32 inches; (b) A sampling pipe or pipes shall be and installed in each set of seals for a (iv) Coated on all accessible surfaces worked-out area. Each pipe shall— with flame-retardant material that (1) Extend into the sealed area a suf- will minimize leakage and that has a ficient distance (at least 15 feet) to ob- flame-spread index of 25 or less, as test- tain a representative sample from be- ed under ASTM E162–87, ‘‘Standard hind the seal; Test Method for Surface Flammability (2) Be equipped with a cap or shut-off valve; and of Materials Using A Radiant Heat En- (3) Be installed with the sampling ergy Source.’’ This publication is in- end of the pipe about 12 inches from corporated by reference and may be in- the roof. spected at any Coal Mine Health and (c)(1) A corrosion-resistant water Safety District and Subdistrict Office, pipe or pipes shall be installed in seals or at MSHA’s Office of Standards, 4015 at the low points of the area being Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, and sealed and at all other locations nec- at the Office of the 4Federal Register, essary when water accumulation with- 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite in the sealed area is possible; and 700, Washington, DC. In addition, cop- (2) Each water pipe shall have a ies of the document can be purchased water trap installed on the outby side from the American Society for Testing of the seal. (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadel- [61 FR 9828, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 29289, June phia, Pennsylvania 19103. This incorpo- 10, 1996] ration by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in § 75.340 Underground electrical instal- accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 lations. CFR part 51. (a) Underground transformer sta- (2) Alternative methods or materials tions, battery charging stations, sub- may be used to create a seal if they can stations, rectifiers, and water pumps withstand a static horizontal pressure shall be housed in noncombustible of 20 pounds per square inch provided structures or areas or be equipped with the method of installation and the ma- a fire suppression system meeting the terial used are approved in the ventila- requirements of § 75.1107–3 through tion plan. If the alternative methods or § 75.1107–16. materials include the use of timbers, (1) When a noncombustible structure the timbers also shall be coated on all or area is used, these installations accessible surfaces with flame-retard- shall be— ant material having a flame-spread (i) Ventilated with intake air that is index of 25 or less, as tested under coursed into a return air course or to ASTM E162–87, ‘‘Standard Test Method the surface and that is not used to ven- for Surface Flammability of Materials tilate working places; or (ii) Ventilated with intake air that is Using A Radiant Heat Energy Source.’’ monitored for carbon monoxide or This publication is incorporated by ref- smoke by an AMS installed and oper- erence and may be inspected at any ated according to § 75.351. Monitoring of Coal Mine Health and Safety District intake air ventilating battery charging and Subdistrict Office, or at MSHA’s stations shall be done with sensors not Office of Standards, 4015 Wilson Boule- affected by hydrogen; or vard, Arlington, VA, and at the Office (iii) Ventilated with intake air and of the Federal Register, 800 North Cap- equipped with sensors to monitor for itol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washing- heat and for carbon monoxide or ton, DC. In addition, copies of the doc- smoke. Monitoring of intake air ven- ument can be purchased from the tilating battery charging stations shall American Society for Testing (ASTM), be done with sensors not affected by 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Penn- hydrogen. The sensors shall deenergize sylvania 19103. This incorporation by power to the installation, activate a reference was approved by the Director visual and audible alarm located out- of the Federal Register in accordance side of and on the intake side of the en- with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. closure, and activate doors that will
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automatically close when either of the the inlet to prevent combustible mate- following occurs: rials from passing over the burner (A) The temperature in the non- units. combustible structure reaches 165 °F; (e) If intake air heaters use liquefied or fuel systems— (B) The carbon monoxide concentra- (1) Hydrostatic relief valves installed tion reaches 10 parts per million above on vaporizers and on storage tanks the ambient level for the area, or the shall be vented; and optical density of smoke reaches 0.022 (2) Fuel storage tanks shall be lo- per meter. At least every 31 days, sen- cated or protected to prevent fuel from sors installed to monitor for carbon leaking into the mine. monoxide shall be calibrated with a (f) Following any period of 8 hours or known concentration of carbon mon- more during which a heater does not oxide and air sufficient to activate the operate, the heater and its associated closing door, or each smoke sensor components shall be examined within shall be tested to determine that it its first hour of operation. Addition- functions correctly. ally, each heater and its components (2) When a fire suppression system is shall be examined at least once each used, these installations shall be— (i) Ventilated with intake air that is shift that the heater operates. The ex- coursed into a return air course or to amination shall include measurement the surface and that is not used to ven- of the carbon monoxide concentration tilate working places; or at the bottom of each shaft, slope, or in (ii) Ventilated with intake air that is the drift opening where air is being monitored for carbon monoxide or heated. The measurements shall be smoke by an AMS installed and oper- taken by a person designated by the ated according to § 75.351. Monitoring of operator or by a carbon monoxide sen- intake air ventilating battery charging sor that is calibrated with a known stations shall be done with sensors not concentration of carbon monoxide and affected by hydrogen. air at least once every 31 days. When (b) This section does not apply to— the carbon monoxide concentration at (1) Rectifiers and power centers with this location reaches 50 parts per mil- transformers that are either dry-type lion, the heater causing the elevated or contain nonflammable liquid, if they carbon monoxide level shall be shut are located at or near the section and down. are moved as the working section ad- § 75.342 Methane monitors. vances or retreats; (2) Submersible pumps; (a)(1) MSHA approved methane mon- (3) Permissible pumps and associated itors shall be installed on all face cut- permissible switchgear; ting machines, continuous miners, (4) Pumps located on or near the sec- longwall face equipment, loading ma- tion and that are moved as the working chines, and other mechanized equip- section advances or retreats; ment used to extract or load coal with- (5) Pumps installed in anthracite in the working place. mines; and (2) The sensing device for methane (6) Small portable pumps. monitors on longwall shearing ma- chines shall be installed at the return § 75.341 Direct-fired intake air heaters. air end of the longwall face. An addi- (a) If any system used to heat intake tional sensing device also shall be in- air malfunctions, the heaters affected stalled on the longwall shearing ma- shall switch off automatically. chine, downwind and as close to the (b) Thermal overload devices shall cutting head as practicable. An alter- protect the blower motor from over- native location or locations for the heating. sensing device required on the longwall (c) The fuel supply shall turn off shearing machine may be approved in automatically if a flame-out occurs. the ventilation plan. (d) Each heater shall be located or (3) The sensing devices of methane guarded to prevent contact by persons monitors shall be installed as close to and shall be equipped with a screen at the working face as practicable.
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(4) Methane monitors shall be main- § 75.344 Compressors. tained in permissible and proper oper- (a) Except compressors that are com- ating condition and shall be calibrated ponents of equipment such as loco- with a known air-methane mixture at motives and rock dusting machines and least once every 31 days. To assure that compressors of less than 5 horsepower, methane monitors are properly main- electrical compressors including those tained and calibrated, the operator that may start automatically shall be: shall: (1) Continuously attended by a per- (i) Use persons properly trained in son designated by the operator who can the maintenance, calibration, and per- see the compressor at all times during missibility of methane monitors to its operation. Any designated person calibrate and maintain the devices. attending the compressor shall be ca- (ii) Maintain a record of all calibra- pable of activating the fire suppression tion tests of methane monitors. system and deenergizing or shutting- Records shall be maintained in a secure off the compressor in the event of a book that is not susceptible to alter- fire; or, ation or electronically in a computer (2) Enclosed in a noncombustible system so as to be secure and not sus- structure or area which is ventilated ceptible to alteration. by intake air coursed directly into a (iii) Retain the record of calibration return air course or to the surface and tests for 1 year from the date of the equipped with sensors to monitor for test. Records shall be retained at a sur- heat and for carbon monoxide or face location at the mine and made smoke. The sensors shall deenergize available for inspection by authorized power to the compressor, activate a representatives of the Secretary and visual and audible alarm located out- the representative of miners. side of and on the intake side of the en- (b)(1) When the methane concentra- closure, and activate doors to auto- tion at any methane monitor reaches matically enclose the noncombustible 1.0 percent the monitor shall give a structure or area when either of the warning signal. following occurs: (2) The warning signal device of the (i) The temperature in the non- methane monitor shall be visible to a combustible structure or area reaches person who can deenergize electric 165 °F. equipment or shut down diesel-powered (ii) The carbon monoxide concentra- equipment on which the monitor is tion reaches 10 parts per million above mounted. the ambient level for the area, or the (c) The methane monitor shall auto- optical density of smoke reaches 0.022 matically deenergize electric equip- per meter. At least once every 31 days, ment or shut down diesel-powered sensors installed to monitor for carbon equipment on which it is mounted monoxide shall be calibrated with a when— known concentration of carbon mon- (1) The methane concentration at oxide and air sufficient to activate the any methane monitor reaches 2.0 per- closing door, and each smoke sensor cent; or shall be tested to determine that it (2) The monitor is not operating functions correctly. properly. (b) Compressors, except those ex- [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 61 empted in paragraph (a), shall be FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996] equipped with a heat activated fire sup- pression system meeting the require- § 75.343 Underground shops. ments of 75.1107–3 through 75.1107–16. (a) Underground shops shall be (c) Two portable fire extinguishers or equipped with an automatic fire sup- one extinguisher having at least twice pression system meeting the require- the minimum capacity specified for a ments of § 75.1107–3 through § 75.1107–16, portable fire extinguisher in § 75.1100– or be enclosed in a noncombustible 1(e) shall be provided for each compres- structure or area. sor. (b) Underground shops shall be venti- (d) Notwithstanding the require- lated with intake air that is coursed di- ments of § 75.1107–4, upon activation of rectly into a return air course. any fire suppression system used under
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paragraph (b) of this section, the com- designated surface location any acti- pressor shall be automatically deener- vated or malfunctioning sensor. gized or automatically shut off. (2) Signal a designated surface loca- [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 61 tion at the mine when any interruption FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996] of circuit continuity occurs or any sen- sor malfunctions. § 75.350 Air courses and belt haulage (3) Signal affected working sections entries. and the designated surface location In any coal mine opened after March when— 30, 1970, the entries used as intake and (i) The carbon monoxide concentra- return air courses shall be separated tion at any carbon monoxide sensor from belt haulage entries, and each op- reaches 5 parts per million above the erator of such mine shall limit the ve- established ambient level for that area; locity of the air coursed through belt or haulage entries to the amount nec- (ii) The methane concentration at essary to provide an adequate supply of any methane monitoring station ex- oxygen in such entries, and to insure ceeds the maximum allowable con- that the air therein shall contain less centration as specified for that loca- than 1.0 volume per centum of meth- tion in § 75.323. ane, and such air shall not be used to (4) Activate alarms at a designated ventilate active working places. When- surface location and affected working ever an authorized representative of sections when the carbon monoxide the Secretary finds, in the case of any coal mine opened on or prior to March concentration at any carbon monoxide 30, 1970, that has been developed with sensor reaches 10 parts per million more than two entries, that the condi- above the established ambient level for tions in the entries, other than belt the area or when the optical density of haulage entries, are such as to permit smoke at any smoke sensor reaches adequately the coursing of intake or 0.05 per meter. return air through such entries: (b) Return splits. (1) If used to monitor (a) The belt haulage entries shall not return air splits under § 75.362(f), AMS be used to ventilate, unless such en- sensors shall monitor the mine atmos- tries are necessary to ventilate, active phere for percentage of methane in working places, and each return split of air from each (b) When the belt haulage entries are working section between the last work- not necessary to ventilate the active ing place, or longwall or shortwall face, working places, the operator of such ventilated by that air split and the mine shall limit the velocity of the air junction of that return air split with coursed through the belt haulage en- another air split, seal, or worked-out tries to the amount necessary to pro- area. If auxiliary fans and tubing are vide an adequate supply of oxygen in used, the sensor also shall be located such entries, and to assure that air outby the auxiliary fan discharge. therein shall contain less than 1.0 vol- (2) If used to monitor air splits under ume per centum of methane. § 75.323(d)(1)(ii), AMS sensors shall monitor the mine atmosphere at the § 75.351 Atmospheric monitoring sys- tem (AMS). following locations: (i) In the return air course opposite (a) Minimum requirements. An AMS the section loading point or, if auxil- shall consist of sensors to monitor the iary fans and tubing are used, in the re- mine atmosphere and instruments at a surface location designated by the op- turn air course outby the auxiliary erator to receive information from the fans and a point opposite the section monitoring sensors. Each AMS in- loading point. stalled in accordance with (ii) Immediately inby the location §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2) and 75.362(f) where the split of air meets another shall do the following: split of air, or inby the location where (1) Monitor for circuit continuity and the split of air is used to ventilate sensor function, and identify at the seals or worked-out areas.
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(c) Electrical installations. If used to sible equipment is required shall be in- monitor the intake air ventilating un- trinsically safe. derground transformer stations, bat- (h) Recordkeeping. If a signal device tery charging stations, substations, or alarm is activated, a record shall be rectifiers, or water pumps under made of the date, time, type of sensor, § 75.340(a)(2), at least one sensor shall and the reason for its activation. Also be installed to monitor the mine at- the maximum concentration detected mosphere for carbon monoxide or at the sensor producing the signal shall smoke at least 50 feet and no more be recorded. than 100 feet downstream in the direc- (i) Retention period. Records shall be tion of air flow. retained for at least 1 year at a surface (d) Signals and alarms. (1) A person location at the mine and made avail- designated by the operator shall be at able for inspection by authorized rep- a surface location where the signals resentatives of the Secretary and rep- and alarms from the AMS can always resentatives of miners. be seen or heard while anyone is under- ground. This person shall have access § 75.352 Return air courses. to two-way communication with work- Entries used as return air courses ing sections and with other identifiable shall be separated from belt haulage duty stations underground. A mine entries by permanent ventilation con- map showing the underground monitor- trols. ing system shall be posted at the sur- face location. § 75.360 Preshift examination. (2) If a signal from any AMS sensor is (a)(1) Except as provided in para- activated, the monitor producing the graph (a)(2) of this section, a certified signal shall be identified, an examina- person designated by the operator shall tion shall be made to determine the make a preshift examination within 3 cause of the activation, and appro- hours preceding the beginning of any priate action shall be taken. shift during which any person is sched- (e) Sensors. (1) Each carbon monoxide uled to work or travel underground. No sensor shall be capable of detecting person other than certified examiners carbon monoxide in air at a level of ±1 may enter or remain in any under- part per million throughout the operat- ground area unless a preshift examina- ing range. tion has been completed for the shift. (2) Each methane sensor shall be ca- (2) Preshift examinations of areas pable of detecting 1.0 percent methane where pumpers are scheduled to work in air with an accuracy of ±0.2 percent or travel shall not be required prior to methane. the pumper entering the areas if the (3) Each smoke sensor shall be capa- pumper is a certified person and the ble of detecting the optical density of pumper conducts an examination for smoke with an accuracy of ±0.005 per hazardous conditions, tests for meth- meter. ane and oxygen deficiency and deter- mines if the air is moving in its proper (f) Testing and calibration. At least direction in the area where the pumper once every 31 days— works or travels. The examination of (1) Each carbon monoxide sensor the area must be completed before the shall be calibrated with a known con- pumper performs any other work. A centration of carbon monoxide and air record of all hazardous conditions sufficient to activate an alarm; found by the pumper shall be made and (2) Each smoke sensor shall be func- retained in accordance with § 75.363. tionally tested; (b) The person conducting the (3) Each methane sensor shall be cali- preshift examination shall examine for brated with a known methane-air mix- hazardous conditions, test for methane ture; and and oxygen deficiency, and determine (4) Each oxygen sensor shall be cali- if the air is moving in its proper direc- brated with air having a known oxygen tion at the following locations: concentration. (1) Roadways, travelways and track (g) Intrinsic Safety. Components of haulageways where persons are sched- AMS installed in areas where permis- uled, prior to the beginning of the
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preshift examination, to work or travel (7) Areas where trolley wires or trol- during the oncoming shift. ley feeder wires are to be or will re- (2) Belt conveyors that will be used main energized during the oncoming to transport persons during the oncom- shift. ing shift and the entries in which these (8) High spots along intake air belt conveyors are located. courses where methane is likely to ac- (3) Working sections and areas where cumulate, if equipment will be oper- mechanized mining equipment is being ated in the area during the shift. installed or removed, if anyone is (9) Underground electrical installa- scheduled to work on the section or in tions referred to in § 75.340(a), except the area during the oncoming shift. those pumps listed in § 75.340 (b)(2) The scope of the examination shall in- through (b)(6), and areas where com- clude the working places, approaches pressors subject to § 75.344 are installed to worked-out areas and ventilation if the electrical installation or com- controls on these sections and in these pressor is or will be energized during areas, and the examination shall in- the shift. clude tests of the roof, face and rib con- (10) Other areas where work or travel ditions on these sections and in these during the oncoming shift is scheduled areas. prior to the beginning of the preshift (4) Approaches to worked-out areas examination. along intake air courses and at the en- (c) The person conducting the tries used to carry air into worked-out preshift examination shall determine areas if the intake air passing the ap- the volume of air entering each of the proaches is used to ventilate working following areas if anyone is scheduled sections where anyone is scheduled to to work in the areas during the oncom- work during the oncoming shift. The ing shift: examination of the approaches to the (1) In the last open crosscut of each worked-out areas shall be made in the set of entries or rooms on each working intake air course immediately inby section and areas where mechanized and outby each entry used to carry air mining equipment is being installed or into the worked-out area. An examina- removed. The last open crosscut is the tion of the entries used to carry air crosscut in the line of pillars contain- into the worked-out areas shall be con- ing the permanent stoppings that sepa- ducted at a point immediately inby the rate the intake air courses and the re- intersection of each entry with the in- turn air courses. take air course. (2) On each longwall or shortwall in (5) Seals along intake air courses the intake entry or entries at the in- where intake air passes by a seal to take end of the longwall or shortwall ventilate working sections where any- face immediately outby the face and one is scheduled to work during the on- the velocity of air at each end of the coming shift. face at the locations specified in the (6)(i) Entries and rooms developed approved ventilation plan. after November 15, 1992, and developed (3) At the intake end of any pillar more than 2 crosscuts off an intake air line— course without permanent ventilation (i) If a single split of air is used, in controls where intake air passes the intake entry furthest from the re- through or by these entries or rooms to turn air course, immediately outby the reach a working section where anyone first open crosscut outby the line of is scheduled to work during the oncom- pillars being mined; or ing shift; and, (ii) If a split system is used, in the in- (ii) Entries and rooms developed take entries of each split immediately after November 15, 1992, and driven inby the split point. more than 20 feet off an intake air (d) The district manager may require course without a crosscut and without the certified person to examine other permanent ventilation controls where areas of the mine or examine for other intake air passes through or by these hazards during the preshift examina- entries or rooms to reach a working tion. section where anyone is scheduled to (e) Certification. At each working work during the oncoming shift. place examined, the person doing the
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preshift examination shall certify by subpart, within 3 hours before anyone initials, date, and the time, that the enters an area in which a preshift ex- examination was made. In areas re- amination has not been made for that quired to be examined outby a working shift, a certified person shall examine section, the certified person shall cer- the area for hazardous conditions, de- tify by initials, date, and the time at termine whether the air is traveling in enough locations to show that the en- its proper direction and at its normal tire area has been examined. volume, and test for methane and oxy- (f) Recordkeeping. A record of the re- gen deficiency. sults of each preshift examination, in- (b) Certification. At each working cluding a record of hazardous condi- place examined, the person making the tions and their locations found by the supplemental examination shall certify examiner during each examination and by initials, date, and the time, that the of the results and locations of air and examination was made. In areas re- methane measurements, shall be made quired to be examined outby a working on the surface before any persons, section, the certified person shall cer- other than certified persons conducting tify by initials, date, and the time at examinations required by this subpart, enough locations to show that the en- enter any underground area of the tire area has been examined. mine. The results of methane tests shall be recorded as the percentage of § 75.362 On-shift examination. methane measured by the examiner. (a) (1) At least once during each shift, The record shall be made by the cer- or more often if necessary for safety, a tified person who made the examina- certified person designated by the oper- tion or by a person designated by the ator shall conduct an on-shift examina- operator. If the record is made by tion of each section where anyone is someone other than the examiner, the assigned to work during the shift and examiner shall verify the record by ini- any area where mechanized mining tials and date by or at the end of the equipment is being installed or re- shift for which the examination was moved during the shift. The certified made. A record shall also be made by a person shall check for hazardous condi- certified person of the action taken to tions, test for methane and oxygen de- correct hazardous conditions found ficiency, and determine if the air is during the preshift examination. All moving in its proper direction. preshift and corrective action records (2) A person designated by the opera- shall be countersigned by the mine tor shall conduct an examination to as- foreman or equivalent mine official by sure compliance with the respirable the end of the mine foreman’s or equiv- dust control parameters specified in alent mine official’s next regularly the mine ventilation plan. In those in- scheduled working shift. The records stances when a shift change is accom- required by this section shall be made plished without an interruption in pro- in a secure book that is not susceptible duction on a section, the examination to alteration or electronically in a shall be made anytime within 1 hour of computer system so as to be secure and the shift change. In those instances not susceptible to alteration. when there is an interruption in pro- (g) Retention period. Records shall be duction during the shift change, the ex- retained at a surface location at the amination shall be made before produc- mine for at least 1 year and shall be tion begins on a section. Deficiencies made available for inspection by au- in dust controls shall be corrected be- thorized representatives of the Sec- fore production begins or resumes. The retary and the representative of min- examination shall include air quan- ers. tities and velocities, water pressures [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 61 and flow rates, excessive leakage in the FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996; 62 FR 35085, June 30, water delivery system, water spray 1997] numbers and orientations, section ven- tilation and control device placement, § 75.361 Supplemental examination. and any other dust suppression meas- (a) Except for certified persons con- ures required by the ventilation plan. ducting examinations required by this Measurements of the air velocity and
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quantity, water pressure and flow rates ing the operation of equipment in the are not required if continuous monitor- working place. ing of these controls is used and indi- (2) These methane tests shall be cates that the dust controls are func- made at the face from under permanent tioning properly. roof support, using extendable probes (b) During each shift that coal is pro- or other acceptable means. When duced, a certified person shall examine longwall or shortwall mining systems for hazardous conditions along each are used, these methane tests shall be belt conveyor haulageway where a belt made at the shearer, the plow, or the conveyor is operated. This examination cutting head. When mining has been may be conducted at the same time as stopped for more than 20 minutes, the preshift examination of belt con- methane tests shall be conducted prior veyors and belt conveyor haulageways, to the start up of equipment. if the examination is conducted within (e) If auxiliary fans and tubing are 3 hours before the oncoming shift. used, they shall be inspected fre- (c) Persons conducting the on-shift quently. examination shall determine at the fol- (f) During each shift that coal is pro- lowing locations: duced and at intervals not exceeding 4 hours, tests for methane shall be made (1) The volume of air in the last open by a certified person or by an atmos- crosscut of each set of entries or rooms pheric monitoring system (AMS) in on each section and areas where each return split of air from each mechanized mining equipment is being working section between the last work- installed or removed. The last open ing place, or longwall or shortwall face, crosscut is the crosscut in the line of ventilated by that split of air and the pillars containing the permanent junction of the return air split with an- stoppings that separate the intake air other air split, seal, or worked-out courses and the return air courses. area. If auxiliary fans and tubing are (2) The volume of air on a longwall or used, the tests shall be made at a loca- shortwall, including areas where tion outby the auxiliary fan discharge. longwall or shortwall equipment is (g) Certification. (1) The person con- being installed or removed, in the in- ducting the on-shift examination in take entry or entries at the intake end belt haulage entries shall certify by of the longwall or shortwall. initials, date, and time that the exam- (3) The velocity of air at each end of ination was made. The certified person the longwall or shortwall face at the shall certify by initials, date, and the locations specified in the approved ven- time at enough locations to show that tilation plan. the entire area has been examined. (4) The volume of air at the intake (2) The certified person directing the end of any pillar line— on-shift examination to assure compli- (i) Where a single split of air is used ance with the respirable dust control in the intake entry furthest from the parameters specified in the mine ven- return air course immediately outby tilation plan shall certify by initials, the first open crosscut outby the line date, and time that the examination of pillars being mined; or was made. (ii) Where a split system is used in [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 26442, May 28, the intake entries of each split imme- 1996] diately inby the split point. (d) (1) A qualified person shall make § 75.363 Hazardous conditions; posting, tests for methane— correcting and recording. (i) At the start of each shift at each (a) Any hazardous condition found by working place before electrically oper- the mine foreman or equivalent mine ated equipment is energized; and official, assistant mine foreman or (ii) Immediately before equipment is equivalent mine official, or other cer- energized, taken into, or operated in a tified persons designated by the opera- working place; and tor for the purposes of conducting ex- (iii) At 20-minute intervals, or more aminations under this subpart D, shall often if required in the approved ven- be posted with a conspicuous danger tilation plan at specific locations, dur- sign where anyone entering the areas
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would pass. A hazardous condition § 75.364 Weekly examination. shall be corrected immediately or the (a) Worked-out areas. (1) At least area shall remain posted until the haz- every 7 days, a certified person shall ardous condition is corrected. If the examine unsealed worked-out areas condition creates an imminent danger, where no pillars have been recovered everyone except those persons referred by traveling to the area of deepest pen- to in section 104(c) of the Act shall be etration; measuring methane and oxy- withdrawn from the area affected to a gen concentrations and air quantities safe area until the hazardous condition and making tests to determine if the is corrected. Only persons designated air is moving in the proper direction in by the operator to correct or evaluate the area. The locations of measure- the condition may enter the posted ment points where tests and measure- area. ments will be performed shall be in- (b) A record shall be made of any haz- cluded in the mine ventilation plan and ardous condition found. This record shall be adequate in number and loca- shall be kept in a book maintained for tion to assure ventilation and air qual- this purpose on the surface at the ity in the area. Air quantity measure- mine. The record shall be made by the ments shall also be made where the air completion of the shift on which the enters and leaves the worked-out area. hazardous condition is found and shall An alternative method of evaluating include the nature and location of the the ventilation of the area may be ap- hazardous condition and the corrective proved in the ventilation plan. action taken. This record shall not be (2) At least every 7 days, a certified required for shifts when no hazardous person shall evaluate the effectiveness conditions are found or for hazardous of bleeder systems required by § 75.334 conditions found during the preshift or as follows: weekly examinations inasmuch as (i) Measurements of methane and ox- these examinations have separate rec- ygen concentrations and air quantity ordkeeping requirements. and a test to determine if the air is (c) The record shall be made by the moving in its proper direction shall be certified person who conducted the ex- made where air enters the worked-out amination or a person designated by area. the operator. If made by a person other (ii) Measurements of methane and than the certified person, the certified oxygen concentrations and air quan- person shall verify the record by ini- tity and a test to determine if the air tials and date by or at the end of the is moving in the proper direction shall shift for which the examination was be made immediately before the air en- made. Records shall be countersigned ters a return split of air. by the mine foreman or equivalent (iii) At least one entry of each set of mine official by the end of the mine bleeder entries used as part of a bleeder foreman’s or equivalent mine official’s system under § 75.334 shall be traveled next regularly scheduled working shift. in its entirety. Measurements of meth- The record shall be made in a secure ane and oxygen concentrations and air book that is not susceptible to alter- quantities and a test to determine if ation or electronically in a computer the air is moving in the proper direc- system so as to be secure and not sus- tion shall be made at the measurement ceptible to alteration. point locations specified in the mine (d) Retention period. Records shall be ventilation plan to determine the effec- retained at a surface location at the tiveness of the bleeder system. mine for at least 1 year and shall be (iv) In lieu of the requirements of made available for inspection by au- paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (iii) of this sec- thorized representatives of the Sec- tion, an alternative method of evalua- retary and the representative of min- tion may be specified in the ventilation ers. plan provided the alternative method [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 26442, May 28, results in proper evaluation of the ef- 1996] fectiveness of the bleeder system.
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(b) Hazardous conditions. At least the mine if a weekly examination has every 7 days, an examination for haz- not been completed within the previous ardous conditions at the following lo- 7 days. cations shall be made by a certified (g) Certification. The person making person designated by the operator: the weekly examinations shall certify (1) In at least one entry of each in- by initials, date, and the time that the take air course, in its entirety, so that examination was made. Certifications the entire air course is traveled. and times shall appear at enough loca- (2) In at least one entry of each re- tions to show that the entire area has turn air course, in its entirety, so that been examined. the entire air course is traveled. (h) Recordkeeping. At the completion (3) In each longwall or shortwall of any shift during which a portion of a travelway in its entirety, so that the weekly examination is conducted, a entire travelway is traveled. record of the results of each weekly ex- (4) At each seal along return and amination, including a record of haz- bleeder air courses and at each seal ardous conditions found during each along intake air courses not examined examination and their locations, the under § 75.360(b)(5). corrective action taken, and the re- (5) In each escapeway so that the en- sults and location of air and methane tire escapeway is traveled. measurements, shall be made. The re- (6) On each working section not ex- sults of methane tests shall be recorded amined under § 75.360(b)(3) during the as the percentage of methane measured previous 7 days. by the examiner. The record shall be (7) At each water pump not examined made by the person making the exam- during a preshift examination con- ination or a person designated by the ducted during the previous 7 days. operator. If made by a person other (c) Measurements and tests. At least than the examiner, the examiner shall every 7 days, a certified person shall— verify the record by the initials and (1) Determine the volume of air en- date by or at the end of the shift for tering the main intakes and in each in- which the examination was made. The take split; record shall be countersigned by the (2) Determine the volume of air and mine foreman or equivalent mine offi- test for methane in the last open cross- cial by the end of the mine foreman’s cut in any pair or set of developing en- or equivalent mine official’s next regu- tries or rooms, in the return of each larly scheduled working shift. The split of air immediately before it en- records required by this section shall ters the main returns, and where the be made in a secure book that is not air leaves the main returns; and susceptible to alteration or electroni- (3) Test for methane in the return cally in a computer system so as to be entry nearest each set of seals imme- secure and not susceptible to alter- diately after the air passes the seals. ation. (d) Hazardous conditions shall be cor- (i) Retention period. Records shall be rected immediately. If the condition retained at a surface location at the creates an imminent danger, everyone mine for at least 1 year and shall be except those persons referred to in made available for inspection by au- § 104(c) of the Act shall be withdrawn thorized representatives of the Sec- from the area affected to a safe area retary and the representative of min- until the hazardous condition is cor- ers. rected. (e) The weekly examination may be § 75.370 Mine ventilation plan; submis- conducted at the same time as the sion and approval. preshift or on-shift examinations. (a) (1) The operator shall develop and (f) (1) The weekly examination is not follow a ventilation plan approved by required during any 7 day period in the district manager. The plan shall be which no one enters any underground designed to control methane and res- area of the mine. pirable dust and shall be suitable to (2) Except for certified persons re- the conditions and mining system at quired to make examinations, no one the mine. The ventilation plan shall shall enter any underground area of consist of two parts, the plan content
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as prescribed in § 75.371 and the ventila- vision. A copy of this notification will tion map with information as pre- be sent to the representative of miners scribed in § 75.372. Only that portion of by the district manager. the map which contains information (2) If the district manager denies ap- required under § 75.371 will be subject to proval of a proposed plan or revision, approval by the district manager. the deficiencies of the plan or revision (2) The proposed ventilation plan and shall be specified in writing and the op- any revision to the plan shall be sub- erator will be provided an opportunity mitted in writing to the district man- to discuss the deficiencies with the dis- ager. When revisions to a ventilation trict manager. plan are proposed, only the revised (d) No proposed ventilation plan shall pages, maps, or sketches of the plan be implemented before it is approved need to be submitted. When required in by the district manager. Any inten- writing by the district manager, the tional change to the ventilation sys- operator shall submit a fully revised tem that alters the main air current or plan by consolidating the plan and all any split of the main air current in a revisions in an orderly manner and by manner that could materially affect deleting all outdated material. the safety and health of the miners, or (3) (i) The mine operator shall notify any change to the information required the representative of miners at least 5 in § 75.371 shall be submitted to and ap- days prior to submission of a mine ven- proved by the district manager before tilation plan and any revision to a implementation. mine ventilation plan. If requested, the (e) Before implementing an approved mine operator shall provide a copy to ventilation plan or a revision to a ven- the representative of miners at the tilation plan, persons affected by the time of notification. In the event of a revision shall be instructed by the op- situation requiring immediate action erator in its provisions. on a plan revision, notification of the (f) The approved ventilation plan and revision shall be given, and if re- any revisions shall be— quested, a copy of the revision shall be (1) Provided upon request to the rep- provided, to the representative of min- resentative of miners by the operator ers by the operator at the time of sub- following notification of approval; mittal; (2) Made available for inspection by (ii) A copy of the proposed ventila- the representative of miners; and tion plan, and a copy of any proposed (3) Posted on the mine bulletin board revision, submitted for approval shall within 1 working day following notifi- be made available for inspection by the cation of approval. The approved plan representative of miners; and and revisions shall remain posted on (iii) A copy of the proposed ventila- the bulletin board for the period that tion plan, and a copy of any proposed they are in effect. revision, submitted for approval shall (g) The ventilation plan for each be posted on the mine bulletin board at mine shall be reviewed every 6 months the time of submittal. The proposed by an authorized representative of the plan or proposed revision shall remain Secretary to assure that it is suitable posted until it is approved, withdrawn to current conditions in the mine. or denied. (b) Following receipt of the proposed § 75.371 Mine ventilation plan; con- plan or proposed revision, the rep- tents. resentative of miners may submit The mine ventilation plan shall con- timely comments to the district man- tain the information described below ager, in writing, for consideration dur- and any additional provisions required ing the review process. A copy of these by the district manager: comments shall also be provided to the (a) The mine name, company name, operator by the district manager upon mine identification number, and the request. name of the individual submitting the (c) (1) The district manager will no- plan information. tify the operator in writing of the ap- (b) Planned main mine fan stoppages, proval or denial of approval of a pro- other than those scheduled for testing, posed ventilation plan or proposed re- maintenance or adjustment, including
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procedures to be followed during these mum mean entry air velocity will be stoppages and subsequent restarts (see maintained (see § 75.326). § 75.311(a)) and the type of device to be (l) The maximum distance if greater used for monitoring main mine fan than 10 feet from each working face at pressure, if other than a pressure re- which face ventilation control devices cording device (see 75.310(a)(4)). will be installed (see § 75.330(b)(2)). The (c) Methods of protecting main mine working places other than those where fans and associated components from coal is being cut, mined, drilled for the forces of an underground explosion blasting or loaded, where face ventila- if a 15-foot offset from the nearest side tion control devices will be used (see of the mine opening is not provided § 75.330(b)(1)(ii). (see § 75.310(a)(6)); and the methods of (m) The volume of air required in the protecting main mine fans and intake last open crosscut or the quantity of air openings if combustible material air reaching the pillar line if greater will be within 100 feet of the area sur- than 9,000 cubic feet per minute (see rounding the fan or these openings (see § 75.325(b)). § 75.311(f)). (n) In anthracite mines, the volume (d) Persons that will be permitted to of air required in the last open crosscut enter the mine, the work these persons or the quantity of air reaching the pil- will do while in the mine, and electric lar line if greater than 5,000 cubic feet power circuits that will be energized per minute (see § 75.325(e)(2)). when a back-up fan system is used that (o) Locations where separations of in- does not provide the ventilating quan- take and return air courses will be tity provided by the main mine fan (see built and maintained to other than the § 75.311(c)). third connecting crosscut outby each (e) The locations and operating con- working face (see § 75.333(b)(1)). ditions of booster fans installed in an- (p) The volume of air required at the thracite mines (see § 75.302). intake to the longwall sections, if dif- (f) Section and face ventilation sys- ferent than 30,000 cubic feet per minute tems used, including drawings illus- (see § 75.325(c)). trating how each system is used, and a description of each different dust sup- (q) The velocities of air on a longwall pression system used on equipment on or shortwall face, and the locations working sections. where the velocities must be measured (g) Locations where the air quan- (see § 75.325(c)(2)). tities must be greater than 3,000 cubic (r) The minimum quantity of air that feet per minute (see § 75.325(a)(1)). will be provided during the installation (h) In anthracite mines, locations and removal of mechanized mining where the air quantities must be great- equipment, the location where this er than 1,500 cubic feet per minute (see quantity will be provided, and the ven- § 75.325(e)(1)). tilation controls that will be used (see (i) Working places and working faces § 75.325(d), (g), and (i)). other than those where coal is being (s) The locations and frequency of the cut, mined, drilled for blasting or load- methane tests if required more often ed, where a minimum air quantity will by § 75.362(d)(1)(iii) (see § 75.362 be maintained, and the air quantity at (d)(1)(iii). those locations (see § 75.325(a)(1)). (t) The locations where samples for (j) The operating volume of machine ‘‘designated areas’’ will be collected, mounted dust collectors or diffuser including the specific location of each fans, if used (see § 75.325(a)(3)). sampling device, and the respirable (k) The minimum mean entry air ve- dust control measures used at the dust locity in exhausting face ventilation generating sources for these locations systems where coal is being cut, mined, (see § 70.208 of this chapter). drilled for blasting, or loaded, if the ve- (u) The methane and dust control locity will be less than 60 feet per systems at underground dumps, minute. Other working places where crushers, transfer points, and coal is not being cut, mined, drilled for haulageways. blasting or loaded, where at least 60 (v) Areas in trolley haulage entries feet per minute or some other mini- where the air velocity will be greater
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than 250 feet per minute and the veloc- (ee) If methane drainage systems are ity in these areas (see § 75.327(b)). used, a detailed sketch of each system, (w) Locations where entries will be including a description of safety pre- advanced less than 20 feet from the cautions used with the systems. inby rib without a crosscut being pro- (ff) A description of the methods and vided where a line brattice will be re- materials to be used to seal worked-out quired. (see § 75.333(g)). areas if those methods or materials (x) A description of the bleeder sys- will be different from those specified tem to be used, including its design by § 75.335(a)(1). (see § 75.334). (gg) The alternative location for the (y) The means for determining the ef- additional sensing device if the device fectiveness of bleeder systems (see will not be installed on the longwall § 75.334(c)(2)). shearing machine (see § 75.342(a)(2)). (z) The locations where measure- (hh) The ambient level in parts per ments of methane and oxygen con- million of carbon monoxide, and the centrations and air quantities and method for determining the ambient tests to determine whether the air is level, in all areas where carbon mon- moving in the proper direction will be oxide sensors are installed. made to evaluate the ventilation of (ii) The distance that separation be- nonpillared worked-out areas (see tween the primary escapeway and the § 75.364 (a)(1)) and the effectiveness of belt or track haulage entries will be bleeder systems (see § 75.364 (a)(2)(iii). maintained if other than to the first Alternative methods of evaluation of connecting crosscut outby the section the effectiveness of bleeder systems loading point (see § 75.380(g)). (§ 75.364 (a)(2)(iv)). (jj) In anthracite mines, the dimen- (aa) The means for adequately main- sions of escapeways where the pitch of taining bleeder entries free of obstruc- the coal seam does not permit tions such as roof falls and standing escapeways to be maintained 4 feet by water (see § 75.334(c)(3)). 5 feet and the locations where these di- (bb) The location of ventilation de- mensions must be maintained (see vices such as regulators, stoppings and § 75.381(c)(4)). bleeder connectors used to control air (kk) Areas designated by the district movement through worked-out areas manager where measurements of CO (see § 75.334(c)(4)). The location and se- and NO2 concentrations will be made quence of construction of proposed (see § 70.1900(a)(4)). seals for each worked-out area. (see (ll) Location where the air quantity § 75.334(e)). will be maintained at the section load- (cc) In mines with a demonstrated ing point (see § 75.325(f)(2)). history of spontaneous combustion: a (mm) Any additional location(s) re- description of the measures that will quired by the district manager where a be used to detect methane, carbon minimum air quantity must be main- monoxide, and oxygen concentration tained for an individual unit of diesel- during and after pillar recovery and in powered equipment. (see § 75.325(f)(5)). worked-out areas where no pillars have (nn) The minimum air quantities been recovered (see § 75.334(f)(1); and, that will be provided where multiple the actions which will be taken to pro- units of diesel-powered equipment are tect miners from the hazards associ- operated (see § 75.325(g) (1)–(3) and (i)). ated with spontaneous combustion (see (oo) The diesel-powered mining § 75.334(f)(2). If a bleeder system will equipment excluded from the calcula- not be used, the methods that will be tion under § 75.325(g). (see § 75.325(h)). used to control spontaneous combus- (pp) Action levels higher than the 50 tion, accumulations of methane-air percent level specified by § 70.1900(c). mixtures, and other gases, dusts, and (see § 75.325(j)). fumes in the worked-out area (see [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 61 § 75.334(f)(3)). FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996] (dd) The location of all horizontal degasification holes that are longer § 75.372 Mine ventilation map. than 1,000 feet and the location of all (a)(1) At intervals not exceeding 12 vertical degasification holes. months, the operator shall submit to
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the district manager 3 copies of an up- (11) The location of all escapeways. to-date map of the mine drawn to a (12) The locations of all ventilation scale of not less than 100 nor more than controls, including permanent 500 feet to the inch. A registered engi- stoppings, overcasts, undercasts, regu- neer or a registered surveyor shall cer- lators, seals, airlock doors, haulageway tify that the map is accurate. doors and other doors, except tem- (2) In addition to the informational porary ventilation controls on working requirements of this section the map sections. may also be used to depict and explain (13) The direction and quantity of plan contents that are required in air— § 75.371. Information shown on the map (i) Entering and leaving each split; to satisfy the requirements of § 75.371 (ii) In the last open crosscut of each shall be subject to approval by the dis- set of entries and rooms; and trict manager. (iii) At the intake end of each pillar (b) The map shall contain the follow- line, including any longwall or ing information: shortwall. (1) The mine name, company name, (14) Projections for at least 12 mine identification number, a legend months of anticipated mine develop- identifying the scale of the map and ment, proposed ventilation controls, symbols used, and the name of the indi- proposed bleeder systems, and the an- vidual responsible for the information ticipated location of intake and return on the map. air courses, belt entries, and (2) All areas of the mine, including escapeways. sealed and unsealed worked-out areas. (15) The locations of existing meth- (3) All known mine workings that are ane drainage systems. located in the same coalbed within (16) The locations of all atmospheric 1,000 feet of existing or projected work- monitoring system sensors. ings. These workings may be shown on (17) Contour lines that pass through a mine map with a scale other than whole number elevations of the coalbed that required by paragraph (a) of this being mined. These lines shall be section, if the scale does not exceed spaced at 10-foot elevation levels un- 2,000 feet to the inch and is specified on less a wider spacing is permitted by the the map. district manager. (4) The locations of all known mine (18) The location of proposed seals for workings underlying and overlying the each worked-out area. mine property and the distance be- (19) The entry height, velocity and tween the mine workings. direction of the air current at or near (5) The locations of all known oil and the midpoint of each belt flight where gas wells and all known drill holes that the height and width of the entry are penetrate the coalbed being mined. representative of the belt haulage (6) The locations of all main mine entry. fans, installed backup fans and motors, (20) The location and designation of and each fan’s specifications, including air courses that have been redesignated size, type, model number, manufac- from intake to return for the purpose turer, operating pressure, motor horse- of ventilation of structures, areas or power, and revolutions per minute. installations that are required by this (7) The locations of all surface mine subpart D to be ventilated to return air openings and the direction and quan- courses, and for ventilation of seals. tity of air at each opening. (c) The mine map required by § 75.1200 (8) The elevation at the top and bot- may be used to satisfy the require- tom of each shaft and slope, and shaft ments for the ventilation map, pro- and slope dimensions, including depth vided that all the information required and length. by this section is contained on the (9) The direction of air flow in all un- map. derground areas of the mine. (10) The locations of all active work- § 75.373 Reopening mines. ing sections and the four-digit identi- After a mine is abandoned or de- fication number for each mechanized clared inactive, and before it is re- mining unit (MMU). opened, mining operations shall not
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begin until MSHA has been notified gency. When there is a need to deter- and has completed an inspection. mine whether sufficient height is pro- vided, MSHA may require a stretcher § 75.380 Escapeways; bituminous and test where 4 persons carry a miner lignite mines. through the area in question on a (a) Except in situations addressed in stretcher; § 75.381, § 75.385 and § 75.386, at least two (4) Maintained at least 6 feet wide ex- separate and distinct travelable pas- cept— sageways shall be designated as (i) Where necessary supplemental escapeways and shall meet the require- roof support is installed, the escapeway ments of this section. shall not be less than 4 feet wide; or (b) (1) Escapeways shall be provided (ii) Where the route of travel passes from each working section, and each through doors or other permanent ven- area where mechanized mining equip- tilation controls, the escapeway shall ment is being installed or removed, be at least 4 feet wide to enable miners continuous to the surface escape drift to escape quickly in an emergency, or opening or continuous to the escape (iii) Where the alternate escapeway shaft or slope facilities to the surface. passes through doors or other perma- (2) During equipment installation, nent ventilation controls or where sup- these escapeways shall begin at the plemental roof support is required and projected location for the section load- sufficient width is maintained to en- ing point. During equipment removal, able miners, including disabled per- they shall begin at the location of the last loading point. sons, to escape quickly in an emer- (c) The two separate and distinct gency. When there is a need to deter- escapeways required by this section mine whether sufficient width is pro- shall not end at a common shaft, slope, vided, MSHA may require a stretcher or drift opening, except that multiple test where 4 persons carry a miner compartment shafts or slopes sepa- through the area in question on a rated by walls constructed of non- stretcher, or combustible material may be used as (iv) Where mobile equipment near separate and distinct passageways. working sections, and other equipment (d) Each escapeway shall be— essential to the ongoing operation of (1) Maintained in a safe condition to longwall sections, is necessary during always assure passage of anyone, in- normal mining operations, such as ma- cluding disabled persons; terial cars containing rock dust or roof (2) Clearly marked to show the route control supplies, or is to be used for the and direction of travel to the surface; evacuation of miners off the section in (3) Maintained to at least a height of the event of an emergency. In any in- 5 feet from the mine floor to the mine stance, escapeways shall be of suffi- roof, excluding the thickness of any cient width to enable miners, including roof support, except that the disabled persons, to escape quickly in escapeways shall be maintained to at an emergency. When there is a need to least the height of the coalbed, exclud- determine whether sufficient width is ing the thickness of any roof support, provided, MSHA may require a stretch- where the coalbed is less than 5 feet. In er test where 4 persons carry a miner areas of mines where escapeways pass through the area in question on a through doors, the height may be less stretcher; than 5 feet, provided that sufficient (5) Located to follow the most direct, height is maintained to enable miners, safe and practical route to the nearest including disabled persons, to escape mine opening suitable for the safe quickly in an emergency. In areas of evacuation of miners; and mines developed before November 16, (6) Provided with ladders, stairways, 1992, where escapeways pass over or ramps, or similar facilities where the under overcasts or undercasts, the escapeways cross over obstructions. height may be less than 5 feet provided (e) Surface openings shall be ade- that sufficient height is maintained to quately protected to prevent surface enable miners, including disabled per- fires, fumes, smoke, and flood water sons, to escape quickly in an emer- from entering the mine.
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(f) Primary escapeway. (1) One (E) Pumps installed in anthracite escapeway that is ventilated with in- mines; and take air shall be designated as the pri- (F) Small portable pumps. mary escapeway. (4) Mobile equipment operated in the (2) Paragraphs (f)(3) through (f)(7) of primary escapeway, except for continu- this section apply as follows: ous miners and as provided in para- (i) To all areas of a primary graphs (f)(5), (f)(6), and (f)(7) of this sec- escapeway developed on or after No- tion, shall be equipped with a fire sup- vember 16, 1992; pression system installed according to (ii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to all §§ 75.1107–3 through 75.1107–16 that is— areas of a primary escapeway devel- (i) Manually operated and attended oped between March 30, 1970 and No- continuously by a person trained in the vember 16, 1992; and systems function and use, or (iii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to (ii) A multipurpose dry chemical all areas of the primary escapeway de- type capable of both automatic and veloped prior to March 30, 1970 where manual activation. separation of the belt and trolley haul- (5) Personnel carriers and small mo- age entries from the primary bile equipment designed and used only escapeway existed prior to November for carrying people and small hand 16, 1992. tools may be operated in primary (3) The following equipment is not escapeways if— permitted in the primary escapeway: (i) The equipment is provided with a (i) Mobile equipment hauling coal ex- multipurpose dry chemical type fire cept for hauling coal incidental to suppression system capable of both cleanup or maintenance of the primary automatic and manual activation, and escapeway. the suppression system is suitable for (ii) Compressors, except— the intended application and is listed (A) Compressors necessary to main- or approved by a nationally recognized tain the escapeway in safe, travelable independent testing laboratory, or, condition; (ii) Battery powered and provided with two 10 pound multipurpose dry (B) Compressors that are components chemical portable fire extinguishers. of equipment such as locomotives and (6) Notwithstanding the requirements rock dusting machines; and of paragraph (f)(3)(i), mobile equipment (C) Compressors of less than five not provided with a fire suppression horsepower. system may operate in the primary (iii) Underground transformer sta- escapeway if no one is inby except tions, battery charging stations, sub- those persons directly engaged in using stations, and rectifiers except— or moving the equipment. (A) Where necessary to maintain the (7) Notwithstanding the requirements escapeway in safe, travelable condi- of paragraph (f)(3)(i), mobile equipment tion; and designated and used only as emergency (B) Battery charging stations and vehicles or ambulances, may be oper- rectifiers and power centers with trans- ated in the primary escapeway without formers that are either dry-type or fire suppression systems. contain nonflammable liquid, provided (g) Except where separation of belt they are located on or near a working and trolley haulage entries from des- section and are moved as the section ignated escapeways did not exist before advances or retreats. November 15, 1992, the primary (iv) Water pumps, except— escapeway shall be separated from belt (A) Water pumps necessary to main- and trolley haulage entries for its en- tain the escapeway in safe, travelable tire length, to and including the first condition; connecting crosscut outby each loading (B) Submersible pumps; point except when a greater or lesser (C) Permissible pumps and associated distance for this separation is specified permissible switchgear; and approved in the ventilation plan (D) Pumps located on or near a work- and does not pose a hazard to miners. ing section that are moved as the sec- (h) Alternate escapeway. One tion advances or retreats; escapeway shall be designated as the
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alternate escapeway. The alternate (m) A travelway designed to prevent escapeway shall be separated from the slippage shall be provided in slope and primary escapeway for its entire drift openings that are part of des- length, except that the alternate and ignated escapeways, unless mechanical primary escapeways may be ventilated escape facilities are installed. from a common intake air shaft or [61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 20877, May 8, slope opening. 1996, as amended at 61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996] (i) Mechanical escape facilities shall be provided and maintained for— § 75.381 Escapeways; anthracite mines. (1) Each shaft that is part of a des- (a) Except as provided in §§ 75.385 and ignated escapeway and is greater than 75.386, at least two separate and dis- 50 feet in depth; and tinct travelable passageways shall be (2) Each slope from the coal seam to designated as escapeways and shall the surface that is part of a designated meet the requirements of this section. escapeway and is inclined more than 9 (b) Escapeways shall be provided degrees from the horizontal. from each working section continuous (j) Within 30 minutes after mine per- to the surface. sonnel on the surface have been noti- (c) Each escapeway shall be— fied of an emergency requiring evacu- (1) Maintained in a safe condition to ation, mechanical escape facilities pro- always assure passage of anyone, in- vided under paragraph (i) of this sec- cluding disabled persons; tion shall be operational at the bottom (2) Clearly marked to show the route of shaft and slope openings that are of travel to the surface; part of escapeways. (3) Provided with ladders, stairways, (k) Except where automatically acti- ramps, or similar facilities where the vated hoisting equipment is used, the escapeways cross over obstructions; bottom of each shaft or slope opening and that is part of a designated escapeway (4) Maintained at least 4 feet wide by shall be equipped with a means of sig- 5 feet high. If the pitch or thickness of naling a surface location where a per- the coal seam does not permit these di- son is always on duty when anyone is mensions to be maintained other di- underground. When the signal is acti- mensions may be approved in the ven- vated or the evacuation of persons un- tilation plan. derground is necessary, the person (d) Surface openings shall be ade- shall assure that mechanical escape fa- quately protected to prevent surface cilities are operational as required by fires, fumes, smoke, and flood water paragraph (j) of this section. from entering the mine. (l) (1) Stairways or mechanical es- (e) Primary escapeway. One escapeway cape facilities shall be installed in that shall be ventilated with intake air shafts that are part of the designated shall be designated as the primary escapeways and that are 50 feet or less escapeway. in depth, except ladders may be used in (f) Alternate escapeway. One shafts that are part of the designated escapeway that shall be designated as escapeways and that are 5 feet or less the alternate escapeway shall be sepa- in depth. rated from the primary escapeway for (2) Stairways shall be constructed of its entire length. concrete or metal, set on an angle not (g) Mechanical escape facilities shall to exceed 45 degrees from the hori- be provided— zontal, and equipped on the open side (1) For each shaft or slope opening with handrails. In addition, landing that is part of a primary escapeway; platforms that are at least 2 feet by 4 and feet shall be installed at intervals not (2) For slopes that are part of to exceed 20 vertical feet on the stair- escapeways, unless ladders are in- ways and equipped on the open side stalled. with handrails. (h) Within 30 minutes after mine per- (3) Ladders shall be constructed of sonnel on the surface have been noti- metal, anchored securely, and set on an fied of an emergency requiring evacu- angle not to exceed 60 degrees from the ation, mechanical escape facilities horizontal. shall be operational at the bottom of
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each shaft and slope opening that is indicators that accurately and reliably part of an escapeway. show the position of the facility. (i) Except where automatically acti- (g) Certification. The person making vated hoisting equipment is used, the the examination as required by para- bottom of each shaft or slope opening graph (c) of this section shall certify by that is part of a primary escapeway initials, date, and the time that the ex- shall be equipped with a means of sig- amination was made. Certifications naling a surface location where a per- shall be made at or near the facility ex- son is always on duty when anyone is amined. underground. When the signal is acti- vated or the evacuation of personnel is § 75.383 Escapeway maps and drills. necessary, the person on duty shall as- (a) A map shall be posted or readily sure that mechanical escape facilities accessible to all miners in each work- are operational as required by para- ing section, and in each area where graph (h) of this section. mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed. The map shall § 75.382 Mechanical escape facilities. show the designated escapeways from (a) Mechanical escape facilities shall the working section to the location be provided with overspeed, overwind, where miners must travel to satisfy and automatic stop controls. the escapeway drill specified in para- (b) Every mechanical escape facility graph (b)(1) of this section. A map with a platform, cage, or other device showing the main escapeways shall be shall be equipped with brakes that can posted at a surface location of the mine stop the fully loaded platform, cage, or where miners congregate, such as at other device. the mine bulletin board, bathhouse, or (c) Mechanical escape facilities, in- waiting room. All maps shall be kept cluding automatic elevators, shall be up to date, and any changes in route of examined weekly. The weekly exam- travel, locations of doors, or directions ination of this equipment may be con- of airflow shall be shown on the maps ducted at the same time as a daily ex- by the end of the shift on which the amination required by § 75.1400–3. changes are made, and affected miners (1) The weekly examination shall in- shall be informed of the changes before clude an examination of the headgear, entering the underground areas of the connections, links and chains, over- mine. Miners underground on a shift speed and overwind controls, auto- when any such change is made shall be matic stop controls, and other facili- immediately notified of the change. ties. (b) (1) At least once every 90 days, (2) At least once each week, the hoist each miner, including miners with shall be run through one complete working stations located between cycle of operation to determine that it working sections and main escapeways, is operating properly. shall participate in a practice (d) A person trained to operate the escapeway drill. During this drill, each mechanical escape facility always shall miner shall travel the primary or alter- be available while anyone is under- nate escapeway from the miner’s work- ground to provide the mechanical es- ing section or area where mechanized cape facilities, if required, to the bot- mining equipment is being installed or tom of each shaft and slope opening removed, to the area where the split of that is part of an escapeway within 30 air ventilating the working section minutes after personnel on the surface intersects a main air course, or 2,000 have been notified of an emergency re- feet outby the section loading point, quiring evacuation. However, no opera- whichever distance is greater. Other tor is required for automatically oper- miners shall participate in the ated cages, platforms, or elevators. escapeway drill by traveling in the pri- (e) Mechanical escape facilities shall mary or alternate escapeway for a dis- have rated capacities consistent with tance of 2,000 feet from their working the loads handled. station toward the nearest escape facil- (f) Manually-operated mechanical es- ity or drift opening. An escapeway drill cape facilities shall be equipped with shall not be conducted in the same
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escapeway as the immediately preced- most direct and safe practical route to ing drill. a designated escapeway. (2) At least once every 6 weeks and (b) The route of travel shall be clear- for each shift, at least two miners on ly marked. each coal producing working section (c) When a roof fall or other blockage who work on that section, accompanied occurs that prevents travel in the by the section supervisor, shall partici- travelway— pate in a practice escape drill and shall (1) Work shall cease on the longwall travel the primary or alternate or shortwall face; escapeway from the location specified (2) Miners shall be withdrawn from in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, to face areas to a safe area outby the sec- the surface, to mechanical escape fa- tion loading point; and cilities, or to an underground entrance (3) MSHA shall be notified. to a shaft or slope to the surface. Sys- tematic rotation of section personnel (d) Work may resume on the longwall shall be used so that all miners partici- or shortwall face after the procedures pate in this drill. An escapeway drill set out in §§ 75.215 and 75.222 are imple- shall not be conducted in the same mented. escapeway as the immediately preced- ing drill. § 75.385 Opening new mines. (3) At least once every 6 weeks, at When new mines are opened, no more least two miners on each maintenance than 20 miners at a time shall be al- shift and a supervisor, shall participate lowed in any mine until a connection in a practice escape drill and shall has been made between the mine open- travel the primary or alternate ings, and these connections shall be escapeway from the location specified made as soon as possible. in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, to the surface, to mechanical escape fa- § 75.386 Final mining of pillars. cilities, or to an underground entrance When only one mine opening is avail- to a shaft or slope to the surface. Sys- able due to final mining of pillars, no tematic rotation of maintenance per- more than 20 miners at a time shall be sonnel and working sections shall be allowed in the mine, and the distance used so that all miners participate in between the mine opening and working this drill and the escapeways from all face shall not exceed 500 feet. sections are traveled. An escapeway drill shall not be conducted in the same § 75.388 Boreholes in advance of min- escapeway as the immediately preced- ing. ing drill. (a) Boreholes shall be drilled in each (4) Before or during practice advancing working place when the escapeway drills, miners shall be in- working place approaches— formed of the locations of fire doors, check curtains, changes in the routes (1) To within 50 feet of any area lo- of travel, and plans for diverting smoke cated in the mine as shown by surveys from escapeways. that are certified by a registered engi- (c) The practice escapeway drills may neer or registered surveyor unless the be used to satisfy the evacuation speci- area has been preshift examined; fications of the fire drills required by (2) To within 200 feet of any area lo- § 75.1101–23. cated in the mine not shown by surveys that are certified by a registered engi- § 75.384 Longwall and shortwall neer or registered surveyor unless the travelways. area has been preshift examined; or (a) If longwall or shortwall mining (3) To within 200 feet of any mine systems are used and the two des- workings of an adjacent mine located ignated escapeways required by § 75.380 in the same coalbed unless the mine are located on the headgate side of the workings have been preshift examined. longwall or shortwall, a travelway (b) Boreholes shall be drilled as fol- shall be provided on the tailgate side of lows: that longwall or shortwall. The (1) Into the working face, parallel to travelway shall be located to follow the the rib, and within 3 feet of each rib.
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(2) Into the working face, parallel to (g) Alternative borehole patterns the rib, and at intervals across the face that provide the same protection to not to exceed 8 feet. miners as the pattern established by (3) At least 20 feet in depth in ad- paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section vance of the working face, and always may be used under a plan approved by maintained to a distance of 10 feet in the district manager. advance of the working face. (c) Boreholes shall be drilled in both § 75.389 Mining into inaccessible areas. ribs of advancing working places de- (a) (1) The operator shall develop and scribed in paragraph (a) of this section follow a plan for mining into areas pen- unless an alternative drilling plan is approved by the District Manager in etrated by boreholes drilled under accordance with paragraph (g) of this § 75.388. section. These boreholes shall be (2) Mining shall not resume into any drilled— area penetrated by boreholes until con- (1) At an angle of 45 degrees to the di- ditions in the penetrated area can be rection of advance; determined under § 75.388 and the plan (2) At least 20 feet in depth; and for mining-through into the area has (3) At intervals not to exceed 8 feet. been approved by the district manager. (d) When a borehole penetrates an (3) A copy of the procedures to be fol- area that cannot be examined, and be- lowed shall be posted near the site of fore mining continues, a certified per- the mining-through operations and the son shall, if possible, determine— operator shall explain these procedures (1) The direction of airflow in the to all miners involved in the oper- borehole; ations. (2) The pressure differential between (b) The procedures specified in the the penetrated area and the mine plan shall include— workings; (1) The method of ventilation, ven- (3) The concentrations of methane, tilation controls, and the air quantities oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide; and and velocities in the affected working (4) Whether water is impounded with- section and working place; in the penetrated area. (2) Dewatering procedures to be used (e) Unless action is taken to dewater if a penetrated area contains a water or to ventilate penetrated areas, accumulation; and boreholes shall be plugged with wooden (3) The procedures and precautions to plugs or similar devices when— be followed during mining-through op- (1) Tests conducted at the boreholes erations. show that the atmosphere in the pene- (c) Except for routine mining- trated area contains more than 1.0 per- through operations that are part of a cent methane, less than 19.5 percent retreat section ventilation system ap- oxygen, or harmful concentrations of proved in accordance with § 75.371(f) carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide or and (x), the following provisions shall other explosive, harmful or noxious apply: gases; (1) Before and during mining-through (2) Tests for methane, oxygen, carbon operations, a certified person shall per- monoxide, and carbon dioxide cannot form air quality tests at intervals and be made because air from mine work- at locations necessary to protect the ings is flowing into the penetrated safety of the miners. area; or (3) Water is discharging through the (2) During mining-through oper- boreholes from the penetrated area ations, only persons involved in these into the mine workings. operations shall be permitted in the (f) If mining is to be conducted with- mine; and in 50 feet above or below an inacces- (3) After mining-through, a certified sible area of another mine, boreholes person shall determine that the af- shall be drilled, as necessary, according fected areas are safe before any persons to a plan approved by the district man- enter the underground areas of the ager. mine.
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Subpart E—Combustible Materials the air in such amounts as to create and Rock Dusting the potential of an explosion hazard. § 75.400 Accumulation of combustible § 75.402 Rock dusting. materials. [STATUTORY PROVISION] Coal dust, including float coal dust deposited on rock-dusted surfaces, All underground areas of a coal mine, loose coal, and other combustible ma- except those areas in which the dust is terials, shall be cleaned up and not be too wet or too high in incombustible permitted to accumulate in active content to propagate an explosion, workings, or on diesel-powered and shall be rock dusted to within 40 feet of electric equipment therein. all working faces, unless such areas are [61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996] inaccessible or unsafe to enter or un- less the Secretary or his authorized § 75.400–1 Definitions. representative permits an exception (a) The term coal dust means par- upon his finding that such exception ticles of coal that can pass a No. 20 will not pose a hazard to the miners. sieve. All crosscuts that are less than 40 feet (b) The term float coal dust means the from a working face shall also be rock coal dust consisting of particles of coal dusted. that can pass a No. 200 sieve. (c) The term loose coal means coal § 75.402–1 Definition. fragments larger in size than coal dust. The term too wet means that suffi- § 75.400–2 Cleanup program. cient natural moisture is retained by the dust that when a ball of finely di- A program for regular cleanup and vided material is squeezed in the hands removal of accumulations of coal and float coal dusts, loose coal, and other water is exuded. combustibles shall be established and § 75.402–2 Exceptions. maintained. Such program shall be available to the Secretary or author- Exceptions granted under § 75.402 by ized representative. the Secretary or his authorized rep- resentative shall be reviewed periodi- § 75.401 Abatement of dust; water or cally. water with a wetting agent. § 75.403 Maintenance of incombustible [STATUTORY PROVISION] content of rock dust. Where underground mining oper- ations in active workings create or [STATUTORY PROVISION] raise excessive amounts of dust, water Where rock dust is required to be ap- or water with a wetting agent added to plied, it shall be distributed upon the it, or other no less effective methods top, floor, and sides of all underground approved by the Secretary or his au- areas of a coal mine and maintained in thorized representative, shall be used such quantities that the incombustible to abate such dust. In working places, content of the combined coal dust, particularly in distances less than 40 feet from the face, water, with or with- rock dust, and other dust shall be not out a wetting agent, or other no less ef- less than 65 per centum, but the incom- fective methods approved by the Sec- bustible content in the return retary or his authorized representative, aircourses shall be no less than 80 per shall be applied to coal dust on the centum. Where methane is present in ribs, roof, and floor to reduce any ventilating current, the per cen- dispersibility and to minimize the ex- tum of incombustible content of such plosion hazard. combined dusts shall be increased 1.0 and 0.4 per centum for each 0.1 per cen- § 75.401–1 Excessive amounts of dust. tum of methane where 65 and 80 per The term ‘‘excessive amounts of centum, respectively, of dust’’ means coal and float coal dust in incombustibles are required.
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§ 75.403–1 Incombustible content. 2,250 watts of electricity and which is taken into or used inby the last open Moisture contained in the combined crosscut. coal dust, rock dust and other dusts shall be considered as a part of the in- § 75.501 Permissible electric face combustible content of such mixture. equipment; coal seams above water table. § 75.404 Exemption of anthracite mines. [STATUTORY PROVISION]
[STATUTORY PROVISION] On and after March 30, 1974, all elec- tric face equipment, other than equip- Sections 75.401, 75.402, and 75.403 shall ment referred to in paragraph (b) of not apply to underground anthracite § 75.500, which is taken into and used mines. inby the last open crosscut of any coal mine which is operated entirely in coal Subpart F—Electrical Equipment— seams located above the water table General and which has not been classified under any provision of law as a gassy mine § 75.500 Permissible electric equip- prior to March 30, 1970, and in which ment. one or more openings were made prior to December 30, 1969, shall be permis- [STATUTORY PROVISION] sible. On and after March 30, 1971: (a) All junction or distribution boxes § 75.501–1 Coal seams above the water used for making multiple power con- table. nections inby the last open crosscut As used in § 75.501, the phrase ‘‘coal shall be permissible; seams above the water table’’ means (b) All handheld electric drills, blow- coal seams in a mine which are located er and exhaust fans, electric pumps, at an elevation above a river or the and such other low horsepower electric tributary of a river into which a local face equipment as the Secretary may surface water system naturally drains. designate on or before May 30, 1970, which are taken into or used inby the § 75.501–2 Permissible electric face last open crosscut of any coal mine equipment. shall be permissible; (a) On and after March 30, 1971, in (c) All electric face equipment which mines operated entirely in coal seams is taken into or used inby the last open which are located at elevations above crosscut of any coal mine classified the water table: under any provision of law as gassy (1) All junction or distribution boxes prior to March 30, 1970, shall be permis- used for making multiple power con- sible; and nections inby the last open crosscut (d) All other electric face equipment shall be permissible; and which is taken into or used inby the (2) All handheld electric drills, blow- last crosscut of any coal mine, except a er and exhaust fans, electric pumps, coal mine referred to in § 75.501, which and all other electric-driven mine has not been classified under any provi- equipment, except low horsepower rock sion of law as a gassy mine prior to dusting equipment, that employs an March 30, 1970, shall be permissible. electric current supplied by either a power conductor or battery and con- § 75.500–1 Other low horsepower elec- sumes not more than 2,250 watts of tric face equipment. electricity, which is taken into or used Other low horsepower electric face inby the last open crosscut shall be equipment designated pursuant to the permissible. provisions of § 75.500(b) is all other elec- (b) On and after March 30, 1974, in tric-driven mine equipment, except low mines operated entirely in coal seams horsepower rock dusting equipment, which are located at elevations above and employs an electric current sup- the water table, all electric face equip- plied by either a power conductor or ment which is taken into or used inby battery and consumes not more than the last crosscut shall be permissible.
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§ 75.501–3 New openings; mines above (3) Whether, in accordance with the water table and never classed usual mining practices common to the gassy. particular district, the proposed new (a) Where a new opening(s) is pro- openings would have been considered a posed to be developed by shaft, slope, new mine or part of the existing mine. or drift from the surface to, or in, any A number of factors will be considered coalbed and the operator considers including, but not limited to: such proposed new opening(s) to be a (i) The relationship between the coal- part of a mine coming under section beds currently being mined, and those 305(a)(2) of the Act and § 75.501 the oper- proposed to be mined; ator shall so notify the District Man- (ii) The distance between existing ager for the District in which the mine openings and the proposed new open- is located in writing prior to the date ing(s); any actual development (in coal) (iii) The projected time elapsing be- through such opening(s) is undertaken. tween the start of the new opening(s) Such notification shall include the fol- and planned interconnection, if any, lowing information: with the existing mine; and (1) Name, address, and identification (iv) The projected tonnage of coal number of the existing mine. which is expected to be mined prior to (2) A current map of the existing interconnection where interconnection mine clearly setting out the proposed is planned. new opening(s), mining plan and planned interconnection, if any, with The District Manager shall notify the existing workings. operator in writing within 30 days of (3) A statement as to when the opera- receiving all of the information, re- tor obtained the right to mine the coal quired and requested, of his determina- which the proposed new opening(s) will tion. No informal notification shall be traverse. given. (4) The name of the coalbeds cur- (c) All new opening(s) shall be oper- rently being mined and those which the ated as a new mine prior to receiving a new opening(s) will traverse. written notification from the District (5) The expected life of the mine. Manager that such new opening(s) will (6) The reason(s) for the proposed new be considered part of an existing mine opening(s) (for example, haulage, ven- coming under section 305(a)(2) of the tilation, drainage, to avoid bad roof, Act and § 75.501. escapeway). (d) Nothing in this § 75.501–3 shall be The District Manager shall require sub- construed to relieve the operator from mission of any additional information compliance with any of the mandatory he considers pertinent. standards contained in this Part 75. (b) The District Manager shall make [37 FR 8949, May 3, 1972] a determination based on all of the in- formation submitted by the operator as § 75.502 Permits for noncompliance. to whether the proposed new opening(s) will be considered as a part of the ex- An operator need not comply with isting mine or as a new mine. The fol- paragraph (d) of § 75.500 or with § 75.501 lowing guidelines and criteria shall be during the period of time specified in a used by the District Manager in mak- permit issued by the Interim Compli- ing his determination: ance Panel established by the Act. (1) The effect that the proposed new opening(s) will have on the safety of § 75.503 Permissible electric face equipment; maintenance. the men working in the existing mine shall be considered of primary impor- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] tance. (2) Whether the operator had a right The operator of each coal mine shall to mine the coal which the proposed maintain in permissible condition all new openings will traverse prior to the electric face equipment required by date of enactment of the Act (Decem- §§ 75.500, 75.501, 75.504 to be permissible ber 30, 1969) and whether the original which is taken into or used inby the mining plan included mining such coal. last open crosscut of any such mine.
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§ 75.503–1 Statement listing all electric use such equipment and to maintain face equipment. such equipment in such condition. Each operator of a coal mine shall § 75.506 Electric face equipment; re- complete and file Mine Safety and quirements for permissibility. Health Administration Form No. 6–1496 (a) Electric-driven mine equipment entitled ‘‘Coal Operator’s Electrical and accessories manufactured on or Survey’’ and Form 6–1496 Supplemental after March 30, 1973, will be permissible entitled ‘‘Operator’s Survey of Elec- electric face equipment only (1) if they trical Face Equipment.’’ Forms may be are fabricated, assembled, or built obtained from any Coal Mine Safety under an approval, or any extension District Office or Subdistrict Office of thereof, issued by the Bureau of Mines the Mine Safety and Health Adminis- or the Mine Safety and Health Admin- tration. Separate forms shall be filed istration in accordance with schedule for each mine. Copies one and two of 2G, or any subsequent Bureau of Mines the completed form shall be filed with schedule promulgated by the Secretary the Coal Mine District or Subdistrict after March 30, 1970, which amends, Manager for the district in which each modifies, or supersedes the permissibil- mine is located on or before May 30, ity requirements of schedule 2G, and (2) 1970. An operator must list all electric if they are maintained in a permissible face equipment being used at each condition. mine as of the time of filing, all such (b) Except as provided in paragraph equipment being repaired, and all (c) of this § 75.506 electric-driven mine standby electric equipment stored at or equipment and accessories manufac- in the mine which the operator intends tured prior to March 30, 1973, will be to use as face equipment. permissible electric face equipment (1) if they were fabricated, assembled, or § 75.504 Permissibility of new, replace- built under an approval, or any exten- ment, used, reconditioned, addi- tional, and rebuilt electric face sion thereof, issued by the Bureau of equipment. Mines in accordance with the schedules set forth below, and (2) if they are On and after March 30, 1971, all new, maintained in a permissible condition. replacement, used, reconditioned, and additional electric face equipment used Bureau of Mines Schedule 2D, May 23, 1936; in any mine referred to in §§ 75.500, Bureau of Mines Schedule 2E, February 15, 1945; 75.501, and 75.503 shall be permissible Bureau of Mines Schedule 2F, August 3, 1955; and shall be maintained in a permis- and sible condition, and in the event of any Bureau of Mines Schedule 2G, March 19, 1968. major overhaul of any item of electric face equipment in use on or after Copies of these schedules are available March 30, 1971, such equipment shall be at all Coal Mine Safety District and put in, and thereafter maintained in, a Subdistrict Offices of the Bureau of permissible condition, unless in the Mines. opinion of the Secretary, such equip- (c) Electric driven mine equipment ment or necessary replacement parts and accessories bearing the Bureau of are not available. Mines approval numbers listed in Ap- pendix A to this subpart are permis- [38 FR 4975, Feb. 23, 1973] sible electric face equipment only if they are maintained in a permissible § 75.505 Mines classed gassy; use and condition. maintenance of permissible electric (d) Electric cap lamps, electric mine face equipment. lamps other than standard cap lamps, [STATUTORY PROVISION] flame safety lamps, portable methane detectors, telephones and signaling de- Any coal mine which, prior to March vices, single- and multiple-shot blast- 30, 1970, was classed gassy under any ing units, lighting equipment for illu- provision of law and was required to minating underground mines, and use permissible electric face equipment methane-monitoring systems will be and to maintain such equipment in a permissible electric face equipment permissible condition shall continue to only (1) if they are approved under the
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appropriate Bureau of Mines schedule permissibility set forth in the appro- applicable to such equipment and (2) if priate Bureau of Mines schedule under they are in permissible condition. The which such equipment or modifications Bureau of Mines schedules referred to, were approved have been superseded by dates issued, and the appropriate parts the requirements of this Part 75, the of this chapter are: latter requirements shall be applicable.
Electric Cap Lamps, Bureau of Mines Sched- § 75.507 Power connection points. ule 6D, August 26, 1939 (Part 19); Electric Mine Lamps Other than Standard [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Cap Lamps, Bureau of Mines Schedule 10C, May 17, 1938 (Part 20); Except where permissible power con- Flame Safety Lamps, Bureau of Mines nection units are used, all power-con- Schedule 7C, August 30, 1935 (Part 21); Portable Methane Detectors, Bureau of nection points outby the last open Mines Schedule 8C, October 31, 1935 (Part crosscut shall be in intake air. 22); Telephone and Signaling Devices, Bureau of § 75.507–1 Electric equipment other Mines Schedule 9B, October 25, 1938 (Part than power-connection points; 23); outby the last open crosscut; return Single Shot Blasting Units, Bureau of Mines air; permissibility requirements. Schedule 12D, November 27, 1945 (Part 24); (a) All electric equipment, other than Multiple Shot Blasting Units, Bureau of power-connection points, used in re- Mines Schedule 16E, May 19, 1960 (Part 25); Lighting Equipment for Illuminating Under- turn air outby the last open crosscut in ground Workings, Bureau of Mines Sched- any coal mine shall be permissible ex- ule 29A, December 2, 1958 (Part 26); and cept as provided in paragraphs (b) and Methane-Monitoring Systems, Bureau of (c) of this section. Mines Schedule 32A, July 27, 1966 (Part 27). (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, in any § 75.506–1 Electric face equipment; coal mine where nonpermissible elec- permissible condition; maintenance tric face equipment may be taken into requirements. or used inby the last open crosscut (a) Except as provided in paragraph until March 30, 1974, such nonpermis- (b) of this section, electric face equip- sible electric face equipment may be ment which meets the requirements for used in return air outby the last open permissibility set forth in § 75.506 will crosscut. be considered to be in permissible con- (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of dition only if it is maintained so as to paragraph (a) of this section, in any meet the requirements for permissibil- coal mine where a permit for non- ity set forth in the Bureau of Mines compliance is in effect, nonpermissible schedule under which such electric face electric face equipment specified in equipment was initially approved, or, if such permit for noncompliance may be the equipment has been modified, it is used in return air outby the last open maintained so as to meet the require- crosscut for the duration of such per- ments of the schedule under which mit. such modification was approved. (b) Electric face equipment bearing [38 FR 4975, Feb. 23, 1973] the Bureau of Mines approval number listed in Appendix A of this subpart § 75.508 Map of electrical system. will be considered to be in permissible [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] condition only if it is maintained so as to meet the requirements for permis- The location and the electrical rating sibility set forth in Bureau of Mines of all stationary electric apparatus in Schedule 2D or, if such equipment has connection with the mine electric sys- been modified, it is maintained so as to tem, including permanent cables, meet the requirements of the schedule switchgear, rectifying substations, under which the modification was ap- transformers, permanent pumps, and proved. trolley wires and trolley feeder wires, (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of and settings of all direct-current cir- paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, cuit breakers protecting underground where the minimum requirements for trolley circuits, shall be shown on a
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mine map. Any changes made in a loca- § 75.511 Low-, medium-, or high-volt- tion, electric rating, or setting shall be age distribution circuits and equip- promptly shown on the map when the ment; repair. change is made. Such map shall be available to an authorized representa- [STATUTORY PROVISION] tive of the Secretary and to the miners No electrical work shall be performed in such mine. on low-, medium-, or high-voltage dis- § 75.508–1 Mine tracks. tribution circuits or equipment, except by a qualified person or by a person When mine track is used as a conduc- trained to perform electrical work and tor of a trolley system, the location of such track shall be shown on the map to maintain electrical equipment under required by § 75.508, with a notation of the direct supervision of a qualified the number of rails and the size of such person. Disconnecting devices shall be track expressed in pounds per yard. locked out and suitably tagged by the persons who perform such work, except § 75.508–2 Changes in electric system that in cases where locking out is not map; recording. possible, such devices shall be opened Changes made in the location, elec- and suitably tagged by such persons. trical rating or setting within the mine Locks or tags shall be removed only by electrical system shall be recorded on the persons who installed them or, if the map of such system no later than such persons are unavailable, by per- the end of the next workday following sons authorized by the operator or his completion of such changes. agent.
§ 75.509 Electric power circuit and § 75.511–1 Qualified person. electric equipment; deenergization. To be a qualified person within the [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] meaning of § 75.511, an individual must meet the requirements of § 75.153. All power circuits and electric equip- ment shall be deenergized before work § 75.512 Electric equipment; examina- is done on such circuits and equipment, tion, testing and maintenance. except when necessary for trouble shooting or testing. [STATUTORY PROVISION] § 75.510 Energized trolley wires; re- All electric equipment shall be fre- pair. quently examined, tested, and properly maintained by a qualified person to as- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] sure safe operating conditions. When a Energized trolley wires may be re- potentially dangerous condition is paired only by a person trained to per- found on electric equipment, such form electrical work and to maintain equipment shall be removed from serv- electrical equipment and the operator ice until such condition is corrected. A of a mine shall require that such per- record of such examinations shall be son wear approved and tested insulated kept and made available to an author- shoes and wireman’s gloves. ized representative of the Secretary and to the miners in such mine. § 75.510–1 Repair of energized trolley wires; training. [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 The training referred to in § 75.510 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] must include training in the repair and maintenance of live trolley wires, and § 75.512–1 Qualified person. in the hazards involved in making such To be a qualified person within the repairs, and in the limitations of pro- meaning of § 75.512, an individual must tective clothing used to protect against meet the requirements of § 75.153. such hazards.
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§ 75.512–2 Frequency of examinations. signed cables conducting high-voltage power to underground rectifying equip- The examinations and tests required ment or transformers, or bare or insu- by § 75.512 shall be made at least week- lated ground and return wires) shall be ly. Permissible equipment shall be ex- supported on well-insulated insulators amined to see that it is in permissible and shall not contact combustible ma- condition. terial, roof, or ribs. § 75.513 Electric conductor; capacity and insulation. § 75.516–1 Installed insulators. Well-insulated insulators is inter- [STATUTORY PROVISION] preted to mean well-installed All electric conductors shall be suffi- insulators. Insulated J-hooks may be cient in size and have adequate current used to suspend insulated power cables carrying capacity and be of such con- for temporary installation not exceed- struction that a rise in temperature re- ing 6 months and for permanent instal- sulting from normal operation will not lation of control cables such as may be damage the insulating materials. used along belt conveyors.
§ 75.513–1 Electric conductor; size. § 75.516–2 Communication wires and cables; installation; insulation; sup- An electric conductor is not of suffi- port. cient size to have adequate carrying (a) All communication wires shall be capacity if it is smaller than is pro- supported on insulated hangers or insu- vided for in the National Electric Code, lated J-hooks. 1968. In addition, equipment and trail- ing cables that are required to be per- (b) All communication cables shall be missible must meet the requirements insulated as required by § 75.517–1, and of the appropriate schedules of the Bu- shall either be supported on insulated reau of Mines. or uninsulated hangers or J-hooks, or securely attached to messenger wires, § 75.514 Electrical connections or or buried, or otherwise protected splices; suitability. against mechanical damage in a man- ner approved by the Secretary or his [STATUTORY PROVISION] authorized representative. All electrical connections or splices (c) All communication wires and ca- in conductors shall be mechanically bles installed in track entries shall, ex- and electrically efficient, and suitable cept when a communication cable is connectors shall be used. All electrical buried in accordance with paragraph connections or splices in insulated wire (b) of this section, be installed on the shall be reinsulated at least to the side of the entry opposite to trolley same degree of protection as the re- wires and trolley feeder wires. Addi- mainder of the wire. tional insulation shall be provided for communication circuits at points § 75.515 Cable fittings; suitability. where they pass over or under any power conductor. [STATUTORY PROVISION] (d) For purposes of this section, com- munication cable means two or more Cables shall enter metal frames of insulated conductors covered by an ad- motors, splice boxes, and electric com- ditional abrasion-resistant covering. partments only through proper fit- tings. When insulated wires other than [38 FR 4975, Feb. 23, 1973] cables pass through metal frames, the holes shall be substantially bushed § 75.517 Power wires and cables; insu- with insulated bushings. lation and protection.
§ 75.516 Power wires; support. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Power wires and cables, except trol- [STATUTORY PROVISION] ley wires, trolley feeder wires, and bare All power wires (except trailing ca- signal wires, shall be insulated ade- bles on mobile equipment, specially de- quately and fully protected.
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§ 75.517–1 Power wires and cables; in- (3) When tape is used to insulate ex- sulation and protection. isting power wires and cables, it shall Power wires and cables installed on be applied half-lapped and one thick- or after March 30, 1970, shall have insu- ness of the tape shall have a dielectric lation with a dielectric strength at strength at least equal to the voltage least equal to the voltage of the cir- of the circuit. The tape shall be self-ad- cuit. hesive and moisture resistant.
§ 75.517–2 Plans for insulation of exist- § 75.518 Electric equipment and cir- ing bare power wires and cables. cuits; overload and short circuit protection. (a) On or before December 31, 1970, plans for the insulation of existing bare [STATUTORY PROVISION] power wires and cables installed prior to March 30, 1970, shall be filed with Automatic circuit-breaking devices the District Manager of the Coal Mine or fuses of the correct type and capac- Safety District in which the mine is lo- ity shall be installed so as to protect cated to permit approval and prompt all electric equipment and circuits implementation of such plans. against short circuit and overloads. (b) The appropriate District Manager Three-phase motors on all electric shall notify the operator in writing of equipment shall be provided with over- the approval of a proposed insulation load protection that will deenergize all plan. If revisions are required for ap- three phases in the event that any proval, the changes required will be phase is overloaded. specified. (c) An insulation plan shall include § 75.518–1 Electric equipment and cir- cuits; overload and short circuit the following information: protection; minimum requirements. (1) Name and address of the company, the mine and the responsible officials; A device to provide either short cir- (2) Map or diagram indicating loca- cuit protection or protection against tion of power wires and cables required overload which does not conform to the to be insulated; provisions of the National Electric (3) Total length of bare power wires Code, 1968, does not meet the require- and cables required to be insulated; ment of § 75.518. In addition, such de- (4) Schedule for the replacement or vices on electric face equipment and insulation of bare power wires and ca- trailing cables that are required to be bles; permissible must meet the require- (5) Type of insulation to be used and ments of the applicable schedules of the voltage rating as indicated by the the Bureau of Mines. manufacturer. (d) The District Manager shall be § 75.518–2 Incandescent lamps, over- guided by the following criteria in ap- load and short circuit protection. proving insulation plans on a mine-by- Incandescent lamps installed along mine basis. Insulation not conforming haulageways and at other locations, to these criteria may be approved pro- not contacting combustible material, vided the operator can satisfy the Mine and powered from trolley or direct cur- Safety and Health Administration that rent feeder circuits, need not be pro- the insulation will provide no less than vided with separate short circuit or the same measure of protection. overload protection, if the lamp is not (1) Insulation shall be adequate for more than 8 feet in distance from such the applied voltage of the circuit. circuits. (2) When tubing is used to insulate existing power wires and cables, it § 75.519 Main power circuits; dis- shall have a dielectric strength at least connecting switches. equal to the voltage of the circuit. [STATUTORY PROVISION] When the tubing is split for purposes of installation, the joints shall be effec- In all main power circuits, dis- tively sealed. The butt ends may be connecting switches shall be installed sealed with a moisture resistant insu- underground within 500 feet of the bot- lating tape. toms of shafts and boreholes through
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which main power circuits enter the underground areas. When incandescent underground area of the mine and lamps are used in a track entry or belt within 500 feet of all other places where entry or near track entries to illu- main power circuits enter the under- minate special areas other than struc- ground area of the mine. tures, the lamps shall be installed in weather-proof sockets located in posi- § 75.519–1 Main power circuits; dis- tions such that the lamps will not connecting switches; locations. come in contact with any combustible Section 75.519 requires (a) that a dis- material. Lamps used in all other connecting switch be installed on the places must be of substantial construc- surface at a point within 500 feet of the tion and be fitted with a glass enclo- place where the main power circuit en- sure. ters the underground area of a mine, (b) Incandescent lamps within glass and (b) that, in an instance on which a enclosures or fluorescent lamps may be main power circuit enters the under- used inside underground structures (ex- ground area through a shaft or bore- cept magazines used for the storage of hole, a disconnecting switch be in- explosives and detonators). In under- stalled underground within 500 feet of ground structures lighting circuits the bottom of the shaft or borehole. shall consist of cables installed on insulators or insulated wires installed § 75.520 Electric equipment; switches. in metallic conduit or metallic armor. [STATUTORY PROVISION] § 75.523 Electric face equipment; All electric equipment shall be pro- deenergization. vided with switches or other controls that are safely designed, constructed, [STATUTORY PROVISION] and installed. An authorized representative of the Secretary may require in any mine § 75.521 Lightning arresters; ungrounded and exposed power that electric face equipment be pro- conductors and telephone wires. vided with devices that will permit the equipment to be deenergized quickly in Each ungrounded, exposed power con- the event of an emergency. ductor and each ungrounded, exposed telephone wire that leads underground § 75.523–1 Deenergization of self-pro- shall be equipped with suitable light- pelled electric face equipment in- ning arresters of approved type within stallation requirements. 100 feet of the point where the circuit (a) Except as provided in paragraphs enters the mine. Lightning arresters (b) and (c) of this section, all self-pro- shall be connected to a low resistance pelled electric face equipment which is grounding medium on the surface used in the active workings of each un- which shall be separated from neutral derground coal mine on and after grounds by a distance of not less than March 1, 1973, shall, in accordance with 25 feet. the schedule of time specified in para- [38 FR 4975, Feb. 23, 1973] graphs (a) (1) and (2) of this section, be provided with a device that will quick- § 75.522 Lighting devices. ly deenergize the tramming motors of the equipment in the event of an emer- [STATUTORY PROVISION] gency. The requirements of this para- No device for the purpose of lighting graph (a) shall be met as follows: any coal mine which has not been ap- (1) On and after December 15, 1974, for proved by the Secretary or his author- self-propelled cutting machines, shut- ized representative shall be permitted tle cars, battery-powered machines, in such mine. and roof drills and bolters; (2) On and after February 15, 1975, for § 75.522–1 Incandescent and fluores- all other types of self-propelled electric cent lamps. face equipment. (a) Except for areas of a coal mine (b) Self-propelled electric face equip- inby the last open crosscut, incandes- ment that is equipped with a substan- cent lamps may be used to illuminate tially constructed cab which meets the
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requirements of this part, shall not be § 75.523–3 Automatic emergency-park- required to be provided with a device ing brakes. that will quickly deenergize the (a) Except for personnel carriers, rub- tramming motors of the equipment in ber-tired, self-propelled electric haul- the event of an emergency. age equipment used in the active work- (c) An operator may apply to the Di- ings of underground coal mines shall be rector of Technical Support, Mine equipped with automatic emergency- Safety and Health Administration, De- parking brakes in accordance with the partment of Labor, 4015 Wilson Boule- following schedule. vard, Arlington, Va. 22203 for approval (1) On and after May 23, 1989— of the installation of devices to be used (i) All new equipment ordered; and in lieu of devices that will quickly de- (ii) All equipment originally fur- energize the tramming motors of self- nished with or retrofitted with auto- propelled electric face equipment in matic emergency-parking brakes which the event of an emergency. The Direc- meet the requirements of this section. tor of Technical Support may approve (2) On and after May 23, 1991, all such devices if he determines that the other equipment. performance thereof will be no less ef- (b) Automatic emergency-parking fective than the performance require- brakes shall— ments specified in § 75.523–2. (1) Be activated immediately by the [38 FR 3407, Feb. 6, 1973, as amended at 39 FR emergency deenergization device re- 27557, July 30, 1974; 43 FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978; quired by 30 CFR 75.523–1 and 75.523–2; 47 FR 28096, June 29, 1982] (2) Engage automatically within 5.0 seconds when the equipment is deener- § 75.523–2 Deenergization of self-pro- gized; pelled electric face equipment; per- (3) Safely bring the equipment when formance requirements. fully loaded to a complete stop on the (a) Deenergization of the tramming maximum grade on which it is oper- motors of self-propelled electric face ated; equipment, required by paragraph (a) (4) Hold the equipment stationary de- of § 75.523–1, shall be provided by: spite any contraction of brake parts, (1) Mechanical actuation of an exist- exhaustion of any non-mechanical ing pushbutton emergency stopswitch, source of energy, or leakage; and (2) Mechanical actuation of an exist- (5) Release only by a manual control ing lever emergency stopswitch, or that does not operate any other equip- (3) The addition of a separate ment function. electromechanical switch assembly. (c) Automatic emergency-parking brakes shall include a means in the (b) The existing emergency equipment operator’s compartment stopswitch or additional switch assem- to— bly shall be actuated by a bar or lever (1) Apply the brakes manually with- which shall extend a sufficient distance out deenergizing the equipment; and in each direction to permit quick (2) Release and reengage the brakes deenergization of the tramming motors without energizing the equipment. of self-propelled electric face equip- (d) On and after November 24, 1989, ment from all locations from which the rubber-tired, self-propelled electric equipment can be operated. face equipment not covered by para- (c) Movement of not more than 2 graph (a) of this section shall be inches of the actuating bar or lever re- equipped with a means incorporated on sulting from the application of not the equipment and operable from each more than 15 pounds of force upon con- tramming station to hold the equip- tact with any portion of the equipment ment stationary— operator’s body at any point along the (1) On the maximum grade on which length of the actuating bar or lever it is operated; and shall cause deenergization of the (2) Despite any contraction of compo- tramming motors of the self-propelled nents, exhaustion of any non-mechani- electric face equipment. cal source of energy, or leakage. [38 FR 3406, Feb. 6, 1973; 38 FR 4394, Feb. 14, (e) The brake systems required by 1973] paragraphs (a) or (d) of this section
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shall be applied when the equipment APPENDIX A TO SUBPART FÐLIST OF PERMIS- operator is not at the controls of the SIBLE ELECTRIC FACE EQUIPMENT APPROVED equipment, except during movement of BY THE BUREAU OF MINES PRIOR TO MAY 23, disabled equipment. 1936ÐContinued [54 FR 12412, Mar. 24, 1989] Motor-Driven Mine Equipment (Approved Under Schedules 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C)
§ 75.524 Electric face equipment; elec- Approval No. Date tric equipment used in return air outby the last open crosscut; maxi- Drilling Machines mum level of alternating or direct electric current between frames of 147 ...... February 8, 1928. equipment. 147A ...... Do. 176 ...... September 9, 1929. The maximum level of alternating or 176A ...... Do. direct electric current that exists be- tween the frames of any two units of LOADING AND CONVEYING EQUIPMENT electric face equipment that come in LOADING MACHINES contact with each other in the working Unmounted Type places of a coal mine, or between the 122 ...... January 8, 1926. frames of any two units of electric 122A ...... Do. equipment that come in contact with each other in return air outby the last Caterpillar-Mounted Type open crosscut, shall not exceed one am- 150 ...... May 11, 1928. pere as determined from the voltage 186 ...... March 15, 1930. measured across a 0.1 ohm resistor con- 222 ...... May 8, 1931. nected between the frames of such 222A ...... July 28, 1931. equipment. 229 ...... August 17, 1931. 229A ...... Do. [38 FR 29998, Oct. 31, 1973] 235 ...... November 27, 1931. 235A ...... October 29, 1931. 278 ...... January 17, 1935. APPENDIX A TO SUBPART FÐLIST OF PERMIS- 278A ...... Do. SIBLE ELECTRIC FACE EQUIPMENT APPROVED 283A ...... March 12, 1935. BY THE BUREAU OF MINES PRIOR TO MAY 23, 284A ...... Do. 285A ...... Do. 1936 294 ...... September 18, 1935. Motor-Driven Mine Equipment 300A ...... May 6, 1936. (Approved Under Schedules 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C) 127 ...... July 16, 1926. 127A ...... September 23, 1927. Approval No. Date Track-Mounted Type AIR COMPRESSORS 194 ...... June 6, 1930. 128 ...... March 21, 1927. 194A ...... Do. 128A ...... July 16, 1926. 217 ...... February 27, 1931. 217A ...... Do. COAL DRILLS AND DRILLING MACHINES 276 ...... January 11, 1935. Hand Drills 277 ...... January 17, 1935. 282A ...... March 12, 1935. 291A ...... July 3, 1935. 109 ...... September 19, 1922. 154 ...... August 1, 1928. Pit-Car Loaders 184 ...... February 7, 1930. 227 ...... July 29, 1931. 254 ...... July 15, 1933. 167 ...... March 27, 1929. 167A ...... Do. 175 ...... July 26, 1929. Post Drills 175A ...... June 24, 1929. 250 ...... December 10, 1932. 119 ...... April 15, 1925. 250A ...... Do. 119A ...... Do. 252A ...... February 20, 1933. 225 ...... July 10, 1931. 225A ...... Do. CONVEYORS 228 ...... August 12, 1931. 228A ...... February 17, 1932. Belt Type 230 ...... August 20, 1931. 230A ...... Do. 236 ...... November 19, 1931. 237 ...... December 1, 1931. 287A ...... March 12, 1935. 237A ...... Do. 296A ...... January 6, 1936.
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APPENDIX A TO SUBPART FÐLIST OF PERMIS- APPENDIX A TO SUBPART FÐLIST OF PERMIS- SIBLE ELECTRIC FACE EQUIPMENT APPROVED SIBLE ELECTRIC FACE EQUIPMENT APPROVED BY THE BUREAU OF MINES PRIOR TO MAY 23, BY THE BUREAU OF MINES PRIOR TO MAY 23, 1936ÐContinued 1936ÐContinued Motor-Driven Mine Equipment Motor-Driven Mine Equipment (Approved Under Schedules 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C) (Approved Under Schedules 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C)
Approval No. Date Approval No. Date
Chain Type 197 ...... July 31, 1930. 197A ...... Do. 151 ...... May 19, 1928. 198 ...... August 1, 1930. 209 ...... December 2, 1930. 198A ...... Do. 240 ...... March 12, 1932. 201 ...... September 8, 1930. 240A ...... Do. 201A ...... Do. 298A ...... March 3, 1936. 204 ...... October 13, 1930. 204A ...... December 13, 1930. Power Units for Conveyors 223 ...... May 13, 1931. 223A ...... Do. 241 ...... March 18, 1932. 265 ...... February 12, 1934. 241A ...... Do. 265A ...... March 19, 1934. 258 ...... August 15, 1933. 390A ...... March 23, 1934. 259A ...... August 16, 1933. 260A ...... August 17, 1933. Shaker Type 273 ...... November 30, 1934. 288 ...... March 27, 1935. 247 ...... October 21, 1932. 288A ...... Do. 257A ...... August 11, 1933. 292 ...... September 11, 1935. 262A ...... December 8, 1933. 292A ...... Do. 271 ...... May 20, 1935. 293A ...... Do. 271A ...... October 17, 1934. 274A ...... December 13, 1934. Longwall Machines 286A ...... March 12, 1935. 295 ...... September 20, 1935. 185 ...... February 24, 1930. 299A ...... April 9, 1936. 185A ...... Do. 218 ...... March 10, 1931. Scraper-type Loaders 218A ...... Do. 246 ...... August 19, 1932. 138 ...... August 5, 1927. 246A ...... Do. 138A ...... Do. 261 ...... September 12, 1933. 196 ...... September 29, 1930. 196A ...... July 26, 1930. Track or caterpillar mounted 226 ...... July 27, 1931. 255 ...... July 31, 1933. 256 ...... Do. 112 ...... March 13, 1924. 112A ...... Do. 118 ...... March 12, 1925. MINING MACHINES, MACHINERY-MOVING EQUIPMENT, 118A ...... Do. MISCELLANEOUS TRUCKS, AND WATER SPRAY SUPPLY UNITS 125 ...... April 26, 1926. MINING MACHINES 125A ...... Do. Shortwall Machines 172 ...... April 30, 1929. 172A ...... Do. 103 ...... November 2, 1917. 188 ...... April 15, 1930. 103A ...... Do. 188A ...... Do. 105 ...... February 9, 1922. 207 ...... November 14, 1930. 105A ...... Do. 207A ...... Do. 106 ...... Do. 216 ...... February 12, 1931. 106A ...... Do. 216A ...... Do. 107 ...... Do. 231 ...... August 31, 1931. 107A ...... Do. 231A ...... Do. 108 ...... Do. 242 ...... April 7, 1932. 108A ...... Do. 244 ...... June 18, 1932. 111 ...... October 16, 1922. 244A ...... September 20, 1932. 111A ...... Do. 253A ...... February 25, 1933. 113 ...... November 4, 1924. 267 ...... June 27, 1934. 113A ...... Do. 268A ...... July 25, 1934. 114 ...... February 7, 1925. 269A ...... September 24, 1934. 114A ...... Do. 280A ...... March 4, 1935. 115 ...... Do. 297 ...... January 27, 1936. 115A ...... Do. 297A ...... Do. 153 ...... July 31, 1928. 153A ...... Do. Mine Pumps 193 ...... June 3, 1930. 193A ...... Do. 140 ...... November 1, 1927.
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APPENDIX A TO SUBPART FÐLIST OF PERMIS- APPENDIX A TO SUBPART FÐLIST OF PERMIS- SIBLE ELECTRIC FACE EQUIPMENT APPROVED SIBLE ELECTRIC FACE EQUIPMENT APPROVED BY THE BUREAU OF MINES PRIOR TO MAY 23, BY THE BUREAU OF MINES PRIOR TO MAY 23, 1936ÐContinued 1936ÐContinued Motor-Driven Mine Equipment Motor-Driven Mine Equipment (Approved Under Schedules 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C) (Approved Under Schedules 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C)
Approval No. Date Approval No. Date
140A ...... Do. 1513 ...... February 25, 1926. 143 ...... Do. 1516 ...... December 28, 1926. 143A ...... Do. 1517 ...... February 10, 1927. 144 ...... Do. 1520 ...... May 27, 1929. 144A ...... Do. 1521 ...... June 13, 1930. 199 ...... August 18, 1930. 1522 ...... September 12, 1930. 199A ...... Do. 1523 ...... December 19, 1930. 208 ...... November 29, 1930. 210 ...... December 15, 1930. 1525 ...... July 25, 1934. 210A ...... Do. 1526 ...... December 20, 1935. 211 ...... December 17, 1930. 211A ...... Do. Tandem Locomotive 213 ...... December 29, 1930. 213A ...... Do. 1518 ...... November 21, 1927. 214 ...... January 2, 1931. 214A ...... Do. 215 ...... Do. Power Trucks 215A ...... Do. 248 ...... October 31, 1932. 1506 ...... May 5, 1924. 248A ...... November 23, 1932. 1505A ...... June 21, 1926. 264 ...... January 31, 1934. 1510C ...... December 31, 1926. 264A ...... Do. 1514 ...... December 18, 1926. 272 ...... October 23, 1934. 1515 ...... December 28, 1926. 272A ...... Do. 1512C ...... September 13, 1928. 1519C ...... April 6, 1929. Rock-Dusting Machines 1524C ...... June 25, 1934.
130 ...... November 5, 1926. JUNCTION, DISTRIBUTION, AND SPLICE BOXES 137 ...... July 2, 1927. 146 ...... January 20, 1928. (Approved under Schedules 2D and 2E) 146A ...... April 3, 1928. Junction Boxes 180 ...... October 30, 1929. 180A ...... January 17, 1930. 400 ...... June 16, 1928. 206 ...... November 12, 1930. 400A ...... August 5, 1925. 279 ...... February 14, 1935. 401 ...... May 11, 1927. 401A ...... Do. Room and Car-Spotting Hoists 402 ...... Do. 402A ...... Do. 116 ...... February 13, 1925. 403 ...... April 14, 1931. 116A ...... Do. 403A ...... Do. 164 ...... January 21, 1931. 405A ...... December 4, 1933. 164A ...... Do. 165 ...... Do. 165A ...... Do. 169 ...... April 5, 1929. Subpart G—Trailing Cables 169A ...... February 26, 1934. 190 ...... April 20, 1930. § 75.600 Trailing cables; flame resist- 251A ...... January 16, 1933. ance. 263 ...... January 11, 1934. 266A ...... February 27, 1934. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] STORAGE-BATTERY LOCOMOTIVES AND POWER TRUCKS Trailing cables used in coal mines (Approved under Schedules 15, 2C, 2D, and 2E) shall meet the requirements estab- Gathering Locomotives lished by the Secretary for flame-re- 1501 ...... October 11, 1921. sistant cables. 1502 ...... November 13, 1922. 1503 ...... March 24, 1923. § 75.600–1 Approved cables; flame re- 1505 ...... April 5, 1924. sistance. 1507 ...... August 20, 1925. 1508 ...... March 21, 1925. Cables shall be accepted or approved 1509 ...... September 25, 1925. by MSHA as flame resistant. 1511 ...... November 10, 1925. 1512 ...... November 11, 1925. [57 FR 61223, Dec. 23, 1992]
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§ 75.601 Short circuit protection of § 75.601–3 Short circuit protection; trailing cables. dual element fuses; current ratings; maximum values. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Dual element fuses having adequate Short circuit protection for trailing current-interrupting capacity shall cables shall be provided by an auto- meet the requirements for short circuit matic circuit breaker or other no less protection of trailing cables as pro- effective device approved by the Sec- vided in § 75.601, however, the current retary of adequate current-interrupt- ratings of such devices shall not exceed ing capacity in each ungrounded con- the maximum values specified in this ductor. Disconnecting devices used to section: disconnect power from trailing cables Single conductor Two conductor shall be plainly marked and identified cable cable and such devices shall be equipped or Conductor size (AWG or MGM) Max. Max. designed in such a manner that it can Ampacity fuse Ampacity fuse be determined by visual observation rating rating that the power is disconnected. 14 ...... 15 15 12 ...... 20 20 § 75.601–1 Short circuit protection; rat- 10 ...... 25 25 ings and settings of circuit break- 8 ...... 60 60 50 50 ers. 6 ...... 85 90 65 70 4 ...... 110 110 90 90 Circuit breakers providing short cir- 3 ...... 130 150 105 110 cuit protection for trailing cables shall 2 ...... 150 150 120 125 1 ...... 170 175 140 150 be set so as not to exceed the maxi- 1/0 ...... 200 200 170 175 mum allowable instantaneous settings 2/0 ...... 235 250 195 200 specified in this section; however, high- 3/0 ...... 275 300 225 225 4/0 ...... 315 350 260 300 er settings may be permitted by an au- 250 ...... 350 350 285 300 thorized representative of the Sec- 300 ...... 395 400 310 350 retary when he has determined that 350 ...... 445 450 335 350 special applications are justified: 400 ...... 480 500 360 400 450 ...... 515 600 385 400 500 ...... 545 600 415 450 Maximum allowable circuit Conductor size AWG or MGM breaker in- § 75.602 Trailing cable junctions. stantane- ous setting [STATUTORY PROVISION] (amperes) When two or more trailing cables 14 ...... 50 12 ...... 75 junction to the same distribution cen- 10 ...... 150 ter, means shall be provided to assure 8 ...... 200 against connecting a trailing cable to 6 ...... 300 4 ...... 500 the wrong size circuit breaker. 3 ...... 600 2 ...... 800 § 75.603 Temporary splice of trailing 1 ...... 1,000 cable. 1/0 ...... 1,250 2/0 ...... 1,500 [STATUTORY PROVISION] 3/0 ...... 2,000 4/0 ...... 2,500 One temporary splice may be made in 250 ...... 2,500 any trailing cable. Such trailing cable 300 ...... 2,500 350 ...... 2,500 may only be used for the next 24-hour 400 ...... 2,500 period. No temporary splice shall be 450 ...... 2,500 made in a trailing cable within 25 feet 500 ...... 2,500 of the machine, except cable reel equip- ment. Temporary splices in trailing ca- § 75.601–2 Short circuit protection; use bles shall be made in a workmanlike of fuses; approval by the Secretary. manner and shall be mechanically Fuses shall not be employed to pro- strong and well insulated. Trailing ca- vide short circuit protection for trail- bles or hand cables which have exposed ing cables unless specifically approved wires or which have splices that heat by the Secretary. or spark under load shall not be used.
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As used in this section, the term throughout and shall be grounded by ‘‘splice’’ means the mechanical joining methods approved by an authorized of one or more conductors that have representative of the Secretary. been severed. § 75.700–1 Approved methods of § 75.604 Permanent splicing of trailing grounding. cables. Metallic sheaths, armors and con- duits in resistance grounded systems [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] where the enclosed conductors are a When permanent splices in trailing part of the system will be approved if a cables are made, they shall be: solid connection is made to the neutral (a) Mechanically strong with ade- conductor; in all other systems, the quate electrical conductivity and flexi- following methods of grounding will be bility; approved: (b) Effectively insulated and sealed (a) A solid connection to a borehole so as to exclude moisture; and casing having low resistance to earth; (c) Vulcanized or otherwise treated (b) A solid connection to metal with suitable materials to provide waterlines having low resistance to flame-resistant qualities and good earth; bonding to the outer jacket. (c) A solid connection to a grounding (d) Made using splice kits accepted or conductor, other than the neutral con- approved by MSHA as flame resistant. ductor of a resistance grounded sys- tem, extending to a low resistance [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 57 FR 61223, Dec. 23, 1992] ground field located on the surface; (d) Any other method of grounding, § 75.605 Clamping of trailing cables to approved by an authorized representa- equipment. tive of the Secretary, which ensures that there is no difference in potential [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] between such metallic enclosures and Trailing cables shall be clamped to the earth. machines in a manner to protect the § 75.701 Grounding metallic frames, cables from damage and to prevent casings, and other enclosures of strain on the electrical connections. electric equipment.
§ 75.606 Protection of trailing cables. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS]
[STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Metallic frames, casings, and other enclosures of electric equipment that Trailing cables shall be adequately can become ‘‘alive’’ through failure of protected to prevent damage by mobile insulation or by contact with energized equipment. parts shall be grounded by methods ap- proved by an authorized representative § 75.607 Breaking trailing cable and power cable connections. of the Secretary.
[STATUTORY PROVISIONS] § 75.701–1 Approved methods of grounding of equipment receiving Trailing cable and power cable con- power from ungrounded alternating nections to junction boxes shall not be current power systems. made or broken under load. For purposes of grounding metallic frames, casings and other enclosures of Subpart H—Grounding equipment receiving power from ungrounded alternating current power § 75.700 Grounding metallic sheaths, systems, the following methods of armors, and conduits enclosing grounding will be approved: power conductors. (a) A solid connection between the metallic frame, casing, or other metal [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] enclosure and the grounded metallic All metallic sheaths, armors, and sheath, armor, or conduit enclosing the conduits enclosing power conductors power conductor feeding the electrical shall be electrically continuous equipment enclosed;
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(b) A solid connection to a borehole Secretary, which insures that there is casing having low resistance to earth; no difference in potential between such (c) A solid connection to metal metal enclosures and the earth. waterlines having low resistance to earth; § 75.701–4 Grounding wires; capacity (d) A solid connection to a grounding of wires. conductor extending to a low resist- Where grounding wires are used to ance ground field located on the sur- ground metallic sheaths, armors, con- face; duits, frames, casings, and other metal- (e) Any other method of grounding, lic enclosures, such grounding wires approved by an authorized representa- will be approved if: tive of the Secretary, which ensures (a) The cross-sectional area (size) of that there is no difference in potential between such metal enclosures and the the grounding wire is at least one-half earth. the cross-sectional area (size) of the power conductor where the power con- § 75.701–2 Approved method of ground- ductor used is No. 6 A.W.G., or larger. ing metallic frames, casings and (b) Where the power conductor used other enclosures receiving power is less than No. 6 A.W.G., the cross-sec- from single-phase 110–220-volt cir- tional area (size) of the grounding wire cuit. is equal to the cross-sectional area In instances where single-phase 110– (size) of the power conductor. 220-volt circuits are used to feed elec- trical equipment, the only method of § 75.701–5 Use of grounding connec- grounding that will be approved is the tors. connection of all metallic frames, cas- The attachment of grounding wires ings and other enclosures of such equipment to a separate grounding to a mine track or other grounded conductor which establishes a continu- power conductor will be approved if ous connection to a grounded center separate clamps, suitable for such pur- tap of the transformer. pose, are used and installed to provide a solid connection. § 75.701–3 Approved methods of grounding metallic frames, casings § 75.702 Protection other than ground- and other enclosures of electric ing. equipment receiving power from di- rect current power systems with [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] one polarity grounded. Methods other than grounding which For the purpose of grounding metal- lic frames, casings and enclosures of provide no less effective protection any electric equipment or device-re- may be permitted by the Secretary or ceiving power from a direct-current his authorized representative. power system with one polarity grounded, the following methods of § 75.702–1 Protection other than grounding; approved by an author- grounding will be approved: ized representative of the Sec- (a) A solid connection to the mine retary. track; (b) A solid connection to the ground- Under this subpart no method other ed power conductor of the system; than grounding may be used to ensure (c) Silicon diode grounding; however, against a difference in potential be- this method shall be employed only tween metallic sheaths, armors and when such devices are installed in ac- conduits, enclosing power conductors cordance with the requirements set and frames, casings and metal enclo- forth in paragraph (d) of § 75.703–3; and sures of electric equipment, and the (d) Any other method, approved by earth, unless approved by an author- an authorized representative of the ized representative of the Secretary.
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§ 75.703 Grounding offtrack direct-cur- stationary equipment and the direct- rent machines and the enclosures of current grounding medium; related detached components. (c) The use of a separate external ground conductor connected between [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] stationary equipment and the direct- The frames of all offtrack direct-cur- current grounding medium; or, rent machines and the enclosures of re- (d) The use of silicon diodes; however, lated detached components shall be ef- the installation of such devices shall fectively grounded, or otherwise main- meet the following minimum require- tained at no less safe voltages, by ments: methods approved by an authorized (1) Installation of silicon diodes shall representative of the Secretary. be restricted to electric equipment re- ceiving power from a direct-current § 75.703–1 Approved method of ground- system with one polarity grounded; ing. (2) Where such diodes are used on cir- In instances where the metal frames cuits having a nominal voltage rating both of an offtrack direct-current ma- of 250, they must have a forward cur- chine and of the metal frames of its rent rating of 400 amperes or more, and component parts are grounded to the have a peak inverse voltage rating of same grounding medium the require- 400 or more; ments of § 75.703 will be met. (3) Where such diodes are used on cir- cuits having a nominal voltage rating § 75.703–2 Approved grounding medi- of 550, they must have a forward cur- ums. rent rating of 250 amperes or more, and For purposes of grounding offtrack have a peak inverse voltage rating of direct-current machines, the following 800 or more; grounding mediums are approved: (4) Where fuses approved by the Sec- (a) The grounded polarity of the di- retary are used at the outby end of a rect-current power system feeding such trailing cable connected to electrical machines; or, equipment employing silicon diodes, (b) The alternating current ground- the rating of such fuses must not ex- ing medium where such machines are ceed 150 percent of the nominal current fed by an ungrounded direct-current rating of the grounding diodes; power system originating in a portable (5) Where circuit breakers are used at rectifier receiving its power from a sec- the outby end of a trailing cable con- tion power center. However, when such nected to electrical equipment employ- a medium is used, a separate grounding ing silicon diodes, the instantaneous conductor must be employed. trip setting shall not exceed 300 per- cent of the nominal current rating of § 75.703–3 Approved methods of the grounding diode; grounding offtrack mobile, portable (6) Overcurrent devices must be used and stationary direct-current ma- and installed in such a manner that the chines. operating coil circuit of the main con- In grounding offtrack direct-current tactor will open when a fault current machines and the enclosures of their with a value of 25 percent or less of the component parts, the following meth- diode rating flows through the diode; ods of grounding will meet the require- (7) The silicon diode installed must ments of § 75.703: be suitable to the grounded polarity of (a) The use of a separate grounding the power system in which it is used conductor located within the trailing and its threaded base must be solidly cable of mobile and portable equipment connected to the machine frame on and connected between such equipment which it is installed; and the direct-current grounding me- (8) In addition to the grounding dium; diode, a polarizing diode must be in- (b) The use of a separate ground con- stalled in the machine control circuit ductor located within the direct-cur- to prevent operation of the machine rent power cable feeding stationary when the polarity of a trailing cable is equipment and connected between such reversed;
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(9) When installed on permissible such mine provide, test, and maintain equipment, all grounding diodes, over- protective devices in making such re- current devices, and polarizing diodes pairs, to be prescribed by the Secretary must be placed in explosion proof com- prior to March 30, 1970. partments; (10) When grounding diodes are in- § 75.705–1 Work on high-voltage lines. stalled on a continuous miner, their (a) Section 75.705 specifically pro- nominal diode current rating must be hibits work on energized high-voltage at least 750 amperes or more; and, lines underground; (11) All grounding diodes shall be tested, examined and maintained as (b) No high-voltage line, either on electrical equipment in accordance the surface or underground, shall be re- with the provisions of § 75.512. garded as deenergized for the purpose of performing work on it, until it has § 75.703–4 Other methods of protecting been determined by a qualified person offtrack direct-current equipment; (as provided in § 75.153) that such high- approved by an authorized rep- voltage line has been deenergized and resentative of the Secretary. grounded. Such qualified person shall Other methods of maintaining safe by visual observation (1) determine voltage by preventing a difference be- that the disconnecting devices on the tween the frames of offtract direct-cur- high-voltage circuit are in open posi- rent machines and the earth must be tion and (2) ensure that each approved by an authorized representa- ungrounded conductor of the high-volt- tive of the Secretary. age circuit upon which work is to be done is properly connected to the sys- § 75.704 Grounding frames of station- tem-grounding medium. In the case of ary high-voltage equipment receiv- resistance grounded or solid wye-con- ing power from ungrounded delta nected systems, the neutral wire is the systems. system-grounding medium. In the case [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] of an ungrounded power system, either the steel armor or conduit enclosing The frames of all stationary high- the system or a surface grounding field voltage equipment receiving power is a system grounding medium; from ungrounded delta systems shall (c) No work shall be performed on be grounded by methods approved by any high-voltage line on the surface an authorized representative of the which is supported by any pole or Secretary. structure which also supports other § 75.704–1 Approved methods of high-voltage lines until: (1) All lines grounding. supported on the pole or structure are deenergized and grounded in accord- The methods of grounding stated in ance with all of the provisions of this § 75.701–1 will also be approved with re- section which apply to the repair of en- spect to the grounding of frames of ergized surface high-voltage lines; or high-voltage equipment referred to in (2) the provisions of §§ 75.705–2 through § 75.704. 75.705–10 have been complied with, with § 75.705 Work on high-voltage lines; respect to all lines, which are sup- deenergizing and grounding. ported on the pole or structure. (d) Work may be performed on ener- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] gized surface high-voltage lines only in High-voltage lines, both on the sur- accordance with the provisions of face and underground, shall be deener- §§ 75.705–2 through 75.705–10, inclusive. gized and grounded before work is per- formed on them, except that repairs § 75.705–2 Repairs to energized surface high-voltage lines. may be permitted, in the case of ener- gized surface high-voltage lines, if such An energized high-voltage surface repairs are made by a qualified person line may be repaired only when in accordance with procedures and (a) The operator has determined that: safeguards, including, but not limited (1) Such repairs cannot be scheduled to, a requirement that the operator of during a period when the power circuit
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could be properly deenergized and § 75.705–4 Simultaneous repairs. grounded; When two or more persons are work- (2) Such repairs will be performed on ing on an energized high-voltage sur- power circuits with a phase-to-phase face line simultaneously, and any one nominal voltage no greater than 15,000 of them is within reach of another, volts; such persons shall not be allowed to (3) Such repairs on circuits with a work on different phases or on equip- phase-to-phase nominal voltage of 5,000 ment with different potentials. volts or more will be performed only with the use of live line tools; § 75.705–5 Installation of protective (4) Weather conditions will not inter- equipment. fere with such repairs or expose those Before repair work on energized high- persons assigned to such work to an voltage surface lines is begun, protec- imminent danger; and tive equipment shall be used to cover (b) The operator has designated a all bare conductors, ground wires, person qualified under the provisions of guys, telephone lines, and other at- § 75.154 as the person responsible for tachments in proximity to the area of carrying out such repairs and such per- planned repairs. Such protective equip- son, in order to ensure protection for ment shall be installed from a safe po- himself and other qualified persons as- sition below the conductors or other signed to perform such repairs from the apparatus being covered. Each rubber hazards of such repair, has prepared protective device employed in the mak- and filed with the operator: ing of repairs shall have a dielectric (1) A general description of the na- strength of 20,000 volts, or more. ture and location of the damage or de- fect to be repaired; § 75.705–6 Protective clothing; use and inspection. (2) The general plan to be followed in making such repairs; All persons performing work on ener- (3) A statement that a briefing of all gized high-voltage surface lines shall qualified persons assigned to make wear protective rubber gloves, sleeves, such repairs was conducted informing and climber guards if climbers are them of the general plan, their individ- worn. Protective rubber gloves shall ual assignments, and the dangers in- not be worn wrong side out or without herent in such assignments; protective leather gloves. Protective devices worn by a person assigned to (4) A list of the proper protective perform repairs on high-voltage surface equipment and clothing that will be lines shall be worn continuously from provided; and the time he leaves the ground until he (5) Such other information as the returns to the ground, and, if such de- person designated by the operator feels vices are employed for extended peri- necessary to describe properly the ods, such person shall visually inspect means or methods to be employed in the equipment assigned him for defects such repairs. before each use and, in no case, less than twice each day. § 75.705–3 Work on energized high- voltage surface lines; reporting. § 75.705–7 Protective equipment; in- Any operator designating and assign- spection. ing qualified persons to perform repairs Each person shall visually inspect on energized high-voltage surface lines protective equipment and clothing pro- under the provisions of § 75.705–2 shall vided him in connection with work on maintain a record of such repairs. Such high-voltage surface lines before using record shall contain a notation of the such equipment and clothing, and any time, date, location, and general na- equipment or clothing containing any ture of the repairs made, together with defect or damage shall be discarded and a copy of the information filed with the replaced with proper protective equip- operator by the qualified person des- ment or clothing prior to the perform- ignated as responsible for performing ance of any electrical work on such such repairs. lines.
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§ 75.705–8 Protective equipment; test- tems, grounded messenger wires used ing and storage. to suspend the cables of such systems (a) All rubber protective equipment may be used as a grounding medium. used on work on energized high-voltage surface lines shall be electrically test- § 75.706 Deenergized underground ed by the operator in accordance with power circuits; idle days—idle shifts. ASTM standards, Part 28, published February 1968, and such testing shall be [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] conducted in accordance with the fol- lowing schedule: When not in use, power circuits un- (1) Rubber gloves, once each month; derground shall be deenergized on idle (2) Rubber sleeves, once every 3 days and idle shifts, except that rectifi- months; ers and transformers may remain ener- (3) Rubber blankets, once every 6 gized. months; (4) Insulator hoods and line hose, Subpart I—Underground High- once a year; and (5) Other electric protective equip- Voltage Distribution ment, once a year. § 75.800 High-voltage circuits; circuit (b) Rubber gloves shall not be stored breakers. wrong side out. Blankets shall be rolled when not in use, and line hose and in- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] sulator hoods shall be stored in their natural position and shape. High-voltage circuits entering the underground area of any coal mine § 75.705–9 Operating disconnecting or shall be protected by suitable circuit cutout switches. breakers of adequate interrupting ca- Disconnecting or cutout switches on pacity which are properly tested and energized high-voltage surface lines maintained as prescribed by the Sec- shall be operated only with insulated retary. Such breakers shall be equipped sticks, fuse tongs, or pullers which are with devices to provide protection adequately insulated and maintained against under-voltage grounded phase, to protect the operator from the volt- short circuit, and overcurrent. age to which he is exposed. When such switches are operated from the ground, § 75.800–1 Circuit breakers; location. the person operating such devices shall Circuit breakers protecting high- wear protective rubber gloves. voltage circuits entering an under- ground area of any coal mine shall be § 75.705–10 Tying into energized high- voltage surface circuits. located on the surface and in no case installed either underground or within If the work of forming an additional a drift. circuit by tying into an energized high- voltage surface line is performed from § 75.800–2 Approved circuit schemes. the ground, any person performing such work must wear and employ all of The following circuit schemes will be the protective equipment and clothing regarded as providing the necessary required under the provisions of protection to the circuits required by §§ 75.705–5 and 75.705–6. In addition, the § 75.800: insulated stick used by such person (a) Ground check relays may be used must have been designed for such pur- for undervoltage protection if the relay pose and must be adequately insulated coils are designed to trip the circuit and be maintained to protect such per- breaker when line voltage decreases to son from the voltage to which he is ex- 40 percent to 60 percent of the nominal posed. line voltage; (b) Ground trip relays on resistance § 75.705–11 Use of grounded messenger grounded systems will be acceptable as wires; ungrounded systems. grounded phase protection; Solely for purposes of grounding (c) One circuit breaker may be used ungrounded high-voltage power sys- to protect two or more branch circuits,
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if the circuit breaker is adjusted to af- cuits extending underground and sup- ford overcurrent protection for the plying portable, mobile, or, stationary smallest conductor. high-voltage equipment shall contain either a direct or derived neutral which § 75.800–3 Testing, examination and shall be grounded through a suitable maintenance of circuit breakers; procedures. resistor at the source transformers, and a grounding circuit, originating at (a) Circuit breakers and their auxil- the grounded side of the grounding re- iary devices protecting underground sistor, shall extend along with the high-voltage circuits shall be tested and examined at least once each month power conductors and serve as a by a person qualified as provided in grounding conductor for the frames of § 75.153; all high-voltage equipment supplied (b) Tests shall include: (1) Breaking power from that circuit. continuity of the ground check conduc- (b) Notwithstanding the require- tor, where ground check monitoring is ments of paragraph (a) of this section, used; and the Secretary or his authorized rep- (2) Actuating at least two (2) of the resentative may permit ungrounded auxiliary protective relays. high-voltage circuits to be extended (c) Examination shall include visual underground to feed stationary electric observation of all components of the equipment if: circuit breaker and its auxiliary de- (1) Such circuits are either steel ar- vices, and such repairs or adjustments mored or installed in grounded, rigid as are indicated by such tests and ex- steel conduit throughout their entire aminations shall be carried out imme- length; or, diately. (2) The voltage of such circuits is § 75.800–4 Testing, examination and nominally 2,400 volts or less phase-to- maintenance of circuit breakers; phase and the cables used in such cir- record. cuits are equipped with metallic The operator of any coal mine shall shields around each power conductor, maintain a written record of each test, and contain one or more ground con- examination, repair, or adjustment of ductors having a total cross sectional all circuit breakers protecting high area of not less than one-half the power voltage circuits which enter any under- conductor; and, ground area of the coal mine. Such (3) Upon a finding by the Secretary record shall be kept in a book approved or his authorized representative that by the Secretary. the use of the circuits described in [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section FR 33723, June 29, 1995] does not pose a hazard to the miners. (c) Within 100 feet of the point on the § 75.801 Grounding resistors. surface where high-voltage circuits enter the underground portion of the [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] mine, disconnecting devices shall be in- The grounding resistor, where re- stalled and so equipped or designed in quired, shall be of the proper ohmic such a manner that it can be deter- value to limit the voltage drop in the mined by visual observation that the grounding circuit external to the resis- power is disconnected, except that the tor to not more than 100 volts under Secretary or his authorized representa- fault conditions. The grounding resis- tive may permit such devices to be in- tor shall be rated for maximum fault stalled at a greater distance from such current continuously and insulated area of the mine if he determines, from ground for a voltage equal to the based on existing physical conditions, phase-to-phase voltage of the system. that such installation will be more ac- § 75.802 Protection of high-voltage cir- cessible at a greater distance and will cuits extending underground. not pose any hazard to the miners. (a) Except as provided in paragraph [38 FR 4975, Feb. 23, 1973] (b) of this section, high-voltage cir-
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§ 75.803 Fail safe ground check cir- § 75.805 Couplers. cuits on high-voltage resistance grounded systems. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS]
[STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Couplers that are used with medium- voltage or high-voltage power circuits On and after September 30, 1970, high- shall be of the three-phase type with a voltage, resistance grounded systems shall include a fail safe ground check full metallic shell, except that the Sec- circuit to monitor continuously the retary may permit, under such guide- grounding circuit to assure continuity lines as he may prescribe, no less effec- and the fail safe ground check circuit tive couplers constructed of materials shall cause the circuit breaker to open other than metal. Couplers shall be when either the ground or pilot check adequate for the voltage and current wire is broken, or other no less effec- expected. All exposed metal on the me- tive device approved by the Secretary tallic couplers shall be grounded to the or his authorized representative to as- ground conductor in the cable. The sure such continuity, except that an coupler shall be constructed so that extension of time, not in excess of 12 the ground check continuity conductor months, may be permitted by the Sec- shall be broken first and the ground retary on a mine-by-mine basis if he conductors shall be broken last when determines that such equipment is not the coupler is being uncoupled. available. § 75.806 Connection of single-phase § 75.803–1 Maximum voltage ground loads. check circuits. TATUTORY PROVISIONS] The maximum voltage used for [S ground check circuits under § 75.803 Single-phase loads, such as trans- shall not exceed 96 volts. former primaries, shall be connected phase-to-phase. § 75.803–2 Ground check systems not employing pilot check wires; ap- proval by the Secretary. § 75.807 Installation of high-voltage transmission cables. Ground check systems not employing pilot check wires will be approved only [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] if it is determined that the system in- cludes a fail safe design causing the All underground high-voltage trans- circuit breaker to open when ground mission cables shall be installed only continuity is broken. in regularly inspected air courses and haulageways, and shall be covered, bur- § 75.804 Underground high-voltage ca- ied, or placed so as to afford protection bles. against damage, guarded where men (a) Underground high-voltage cables regularly work or pass under them un- used in resistance grounded systems less they are 61⁄2 feet or more above the shall be equipped with metallic shields floor or rail, securely anchored, prop- around each power conductor with one erly insulated, and guarded at ends, or more ground conductors having a and covered, insulated, or placed to total cross sectional area of not less prevent contact with trolley wires and than one-half the power conductor, and other low-voltage circuits. with an insulated external conductor not smaller than No. 8 (A.W.G.) or an § 75.808 Disconnecting devices. insulated internal ground check con- ductor not smaller than No. 10 (A.W.G.) [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] for the ground continuity check cir- Disconnecting devices shall be in- cuit. stalled at the beginning of branch lines (b) All such cables shall be adequate in high-voltage circuits and equipped for the intended current and voltage. or designed in such a manner that it Splices made in such cables shall pro- can be determined by visual observa- vide continuity of all components. tion that the circuit is deenergized [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] when the switches are open.
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§ 75.809 Identification of circuit break- tions. High-voltage cables, other than ers and disconnecting switches. trailing cables, shall not be moved or handled at any time while energized, [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] except that, when such centers and Circuit breakers and disconnecting transformers are moved while ener- switches underground shall be marked gized as permitted under this section, for identification. energized high-voltage cables attached to such centers and transformers may § 75.810 High-voltage trailing cables; be moved only by a qualified person splices. and the operator of such mine shall re- quire that such person wear approved [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] and tested insulated wireman’s gloves. In the case of high-voltage cables [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 used as trailing cables, temporary FR 33723, June 29, 1995] splices shall not be used and all perma- nent splices shall be made in accord- § 75.812–1 Qualified person. ance with § 75.604. Terminations and A person who meets the requirements splices in all other high-voltage cables of § 75.153 is a qualified person within shall be made in accordance with the the meaning of § 75.812. manufacturer’s specifications. § 75.812–2 High-voltage power centers § 75.811 High-voltage underground and transformers; record of exam- equipment; grounding. ination. The operator shall maintain a record [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] of all examinations conducted in ac- Frames, supporting structures and cordance with § 75.812. Such record enclosures of stationary, portable, or shall be kept in a book approved by the mobile underground high-voltage Secretary. equipment and all high-voltage equip- ment supplying power to such equip- Subpart J—Underground Low- and ment receiving power from resistance Medium-Voltage Alternating grounded systems shall be effectively Current Circuits grounded to the high-voltage ground. § 75.900 Low- and medium-voltage cir- § 75.812 Movement of high-voltage cuits serving three-phase alternat- power centers and portable trans- ing current equipment; circuit formers; permit. breakers.
[STATUTORY PROVISIONS] [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Power centers and portable trans- Low- and medium-voltage power cir- formers shall be deenergized before cuits serving three-phase alternating they are moved from one location to current equipment shall be protected another, except that, when equipment by suitable circuit breakers of ade- powered by sources other than such quate interrupting capacity which are centers or transformers is not avail- properly tested and maintained as pre- able, the Secretary may permit such scribed by the Secretary. Such break- centers and transformers to be moved ers shall be equipped with devices to while energized, if he determines that provide protection against undervolt- another equivalent or greater hazard age, grounded phase, short circuit, and may otherwise be created, and if they overcurrent. are moved under the supervision of a qualified person, and if such centers § 75.900–1 Circuit breakers; location. and transformers are examined prior to Circuit breakers used to protect low- such movement by such person and and medium-voltage circuits under- found to be grounded by methods ap- ground shall be located in areas which proved by an authorized representative are accessible for inspection, examina- of the Secretary and otherwise pro- tion, and testing, have safe roofs, and tected from hazards to the miner. A are clear of any moving equipment record shall be kept of such examina- used in haulageways.
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§ 75.900–2 Approved circuit schemes. medium-voltage circuits serving three- The following circuit schemes will be phase alternating current equipment regarded as providing the necessary used in the mine. Such record shall be protection to the circuit required by kept in a book approved by the Sec- retary. § 75.900: (a) Ground check relays may be used [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 for undervoltage protection if the relay FR 33723, June 29, 1995] coils are designed to trip the circuit breaker when line voltage decreases to § 75.901 Protection of low- and me- 40 to 60 percent of the nominal line dium-voltage three-phase circuits used underground. voltage. (b) One undervoltage device installed [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] in the main secondary circuit at the source transformer may be used to pro- (a) Low- and medium-voltage three- vide undervoltage protection for each phase alternating-current circuits used circuit that receives power from that underground shall contain either a di- transformer. rect or derived neutral which shall be (c) One circuit breaker may be used grounded through a suitable resistor at to protect two or more branch circuits the power center, and a grounding cir- if the circuit breaker is adjusted to af- cuit, originating at the grounded side ford overcurrent protection for the of the grounding resistor, shall extend smallest conductor. along with the power conductors and (d) Circuit breakers with shunt trip, serve as a grounding conductor for the series trip or undervoltage release de- frames of all the electrical equipment vices may be used if the tripping ele- supplied power from that circuit, ex- ments of such devices are selected or cept that the Secretary or his author- adjusted in accordance with the set- ized representative may permit tings listed in the tables of the Na- ungrounded low- and medium-voltage tional Electric Code, 1968. circuits to be used underground to feed such stationary electrical equipment if § 75.900–3 Testing, examination, and such circuits are either steel armored maintenance of circuit breakers; or installed in grounded rigid steel con- procedures. duit throughout their entire length. Circuit breakers protecting low- and The grounding resistor, where required, medium-voltage alternating current shall be of the proper ohmic value to circuits serving three-phase alternat- limit the ground fault current to 25 ing current equipment and their auxil- amperes. The grounding resistor shall iary devices shall be tested and exam- be rated for maximum fault current ined at least once each month by a per- continuously and insulated from son qualified as provided in § 75.153. In ground for a voltage equal to the performing such tests, actuating any of phase-to-phase voltage of the system. the circuit breaker auxiliaries or con- trol circuits in any manner which § 75.902 Low- and medium-voltage causes the circuit breaker to open, ground check monitor circuits. shall be considered a proper test. All [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] components of the circuit breaker and its auxiliary devices shall be visually On or before September 30, 1970, low- examined and such repairs or adjust- and medium-voltage resistance ground- ments as are indicated by such tests ed systems shall include a fail-safe and examinations shall be carried out ground check circuit to monitor con- immediately. tinuously the grounding circuit to as- sure continuity which ground check § 75.900–4 Testing, examination, and circuit shall cause the circuit breaker maintenance of circuit breakers; to open when either the ground or pilot record. check wire is broken, or other no less The operator of any coal mine shall effective device approved by the Sec- maintain a written record of each test, retary or his authorized representative examination, repair, or adjustment of to assure such continuity, except that all circuit breakers protecting low- and an extention of time, not in excess of 12
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months, may be permitted by the Sec- § 75.906 Trailing cables for mobile retary on a mine-by-mine basis if he equipment, ground wires, and determines that such equipment is not ground check wires. available. Cable couplers shall be con- structed so that the ground check con- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] tinuity conductor shall be broken first Trailing cables for mobile equipment and the ground conductors shall be bro- shall contain one or more ground con- ken last when the coupler is being un- ductors having a cross-sectional area of coupled. not less than one-half the power con- ductor, and, on September 30, 1970, an § 75.902–1 Maximum voltage ground insulated conductor for the ground check circuits. continuity check circuit or other no The maximum voltage used for such less effective device approved by the ground check circuits shall not exceed Secretary or his authorized representa- 40 volts. tive to assure such continuity, except that an extension of time, not in excess § 75.902–2 Approved ground check sys- of 12 months may be permitted by the tems not employing pilot check wires. Secretary on a mine-by-mine basis if he determines that such equipment is Ground check systems not employing not available. Splices made in the ca- pilot check wires will be approved only bles shall provide continuity of all if it is determined that the system in- components. cludes a fail safe design causing the circuit breaker to open when ground § 75.907 Design of trailing cables for continuity is broken. medium-voltage circuits.
§ 75.902–4 Attachment of ground con- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] ductors and ground check wires to equipment frames; use of separate Trailing cables for medium-voltage connections. circuits shall include grounding con- ductors, a ground check conductor, and In grounding equipment frames of all grounded metallic shields around each stationary, portable or mobile equip- power conductor or a ground metallic ment receiving power from resistance shield over the assembly, except that grounded systems separate connections shall be used when practicable. on equipment employing cable reels, cables without shields may be used if § 75.903 Disconnecting devices. the insulation is rated 2,000 volts or more. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Disconnecting devices shall be in- Subpart K—Trolley Wires and stalled in conjunction with the circuit Trolley Feeder Wires breaker to provide visual evidence that the power is disconnected. § 75.1000 Cutout switches. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] § 75.904 Identification of circuit break- ers. Trolley wires and trolley feeder wires, shall be provided with cutout [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] switches at intervals of not more than Circuit breakers shall be marked for 2,000 feet and near the beginning of all identification. branch lines.
§ 75.905 Connection of single-phase § 75.1001 Overcurrent protection. loads. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Trolley wires and trolley feeder wires Single-phase loads shall be connected shall be provided with overcurrent pro- phase-to-phase. tection.
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§ 75.1001–1 Devices for overcurrent or used inby the last open crosscut protection; testing and calibration until March 30, 1974, such nonpermis- requirements; records. sible electric face equipment may be (a) Automatic circuit interrupting located within 150 feet from pillar devices that will deenergize the af- workings. fected circuit upon occurrence of a (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of short circuit at any point in the sys- paragraph (a) of this section, in any tem will meet the requirements of coal mine where a permit for non- § 75.1001. compliance is in effect, nonpermissible (b) Automatic circuit interrupting electric face equipment specified in devices described in paragraph (a) of such permit for noncompliance may be this section shall be tested and cali- located within 150 feet from pillar brated at intervals not to exceed six workings for the duration of such per- months. Testing of such devices shall include passing the necessary amount mit. of electric current through the device [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] to cause activation. Calibration of such devices shall include adjustment of all § 75.1003 Insulation of trolley wires, associated relays to ±15 percent of the trolley feeder wires and bare signal indicated value. An authorized rep- wires; guarding of trolley wires and resentative of the Secretary may re- trolley feeder wires. quire additional testing or calibration of these devices. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] (c) A record of the tests and calibra- Trolley wires, trolley feeder wires, tions required by paragraph (b) of this and bare signal wires shall be insulated section shall be kept, and shall be adequately where they pass through made available, upon request, to an au- doors and stoppings, and where they thorized representative of the Sec- cross other power wires and cables. retary. Trolley wires and trolley feeder wires [38 FR 29998, Oct. 31, 1973, as amended at 60 shall be guarded adequately: FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (a) At all points where men are re- § 75.1002 Location of trolley wires, quired to work or pass regularly under trolley feeder wires, high-voltage the wires; cables and transformers. (b) On both sides of all doors and stoppings; and [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] (c) At man-trip stations. Trolley wires and trolley feeder The Secretary or his authorized rep- wires, high-voltage cables and trans- resentatives shall specify other condi- formers shall not be located inby the tions where trolley wires and trolley last open crosscut and shall be kept at feeder wires shall be adequately pro- least 150 feet from pillar workings. tected to prevent contact by any per- son, or shall require the use of im- § 75.1002–1 Location of other electric equipment; requirements for per- proved methods to prevent such con- missibility. tact. Temporary guards shall be pro- (a) Electric equipment other than vided where trackmen and other per- trolley wires, trolley feeder wires, sons work in proximity to trolley wires high-voltage cables, and transformers and trolley feeder wires. shall be permissible, and maintained in a permissible condition when such elec- § 75.1003–1 Other requirements for tric equipment is located within 150 guarding of trolley wires and trol- ley feeder wires. feet from pillar workings, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of Adequate precaution shall be taken this section. to insure that equipment being moved (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of along haulageways will not come in paragraph (a) of this section, in any contact with trolley wires or trolley coal mine where nonpermissible elec- feeder wires. tric face equipment may be taken into
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§ 75.1003–2 Requirements for move- the farthest projection of the unit of ment of off-track mining equipment equipment which is being moved and in areas of active workings where the energized trolley wires or trolley energized trolley wires or trolley feeder wires at all times during the feeder wires are present; pre-move- movement or transportation of such ment requirements; certified and qualified persons. equipment; provided, however, that if the height of the coal seam does not (a) Prior to moving or transporting permit 12 inches of vertical clearance any unit of off-track mining equipment to be so maintained, the following ad- in areas of the active workings where ditional precautions shall be taken: energized trolley wires or trolley feed- (1)(i) Except as provided in paragraph er wires are present: (f)(1)(ii) of this section electric power (1) The unit of equipment shall be ex- shall be supplied to the trolley wires or amined by a certified person to ensure trolley feeder wires only from outby that coal dust, float coal dust, loose the unit of equipment being moved or coal oil, grease, and other combustible transported. materials have been cleaned up and (ii) Where direct current electric have not been permitted to accumulate power is used and such electric power on such unit of equipment; and, can be supplied only from inby the (2) A qualified person, as specified in equipment being moved or transported, § 75.153 of this part, shall examine the power may be supplied from inby such trolley wires, trolley feeder wires, and equipment provided a miner with the the associated automatic circuit inter- means to cut off the power, and in di- rupting devices provided for short cir- rect communication with persons actu- cuit protection to ensure that proper ally engaged in the moving or trans- short circuit protection exists. porting operation, is stationed outby (b) A record shall be kept of the ex- the equipment being moved. aminations required by paragraph (a) of this section, and shall be made avail- (2) The settings of automatic circuit able, upon request, to an authorized interrupting devices used to provide representative of the Secretary. short circuit protection for the trolley (c) Off-track mining equipment shall circuit shall be reduced to not more be moved or transported in areas of the than one-half of the maximum current active workings where energized trol- that could flow if the equipment being ley wires or trolley feeder wires are moved or transported were to come present only under the direct super- into contact with the trolley wire or vision of a certified person who shall be trolley feeder wire; physically present at all times during (3) At all times the unit of equipment moving or transporting operations. is being moved or transported, a miner (d) The frames of off-track mining shall be stationed at the first auto- equipment being moved or transported, matic circuit breaker outby the equip- in accordance with this section, shall ment being moved and such miner shall be covered on the top and on the trol- be: (i) In direct communication with ley wire side with fire-resistant mate- persons actually engaged in the moving rial which has met the applicable re- or transporting operation, and (ii) ca- quirements of Part 18 of Subchapter D pable of communicating with the re- of this chapter (Bureau of Mines Sched- sponsible person on the surface re- ule 2G). quired to be on duty in accordance (e) Electrical contact shall be main- with § 75.1600–1 of this part; tained between the mine track and the (4) Where trolley phones are utilized frames of off-track mining equipment to satisfy the requirements of para- being moved in-track and trolley en- graph (f)(3) of this section, telephones tries, except that rubber-tired equip- or other equivalent two-way commu- ment need not be grounded to a trans- nication devices that can readily be porting vehicle if no metal part of such connected with the mine communica- rubber-tired equipment can come into tion system shall be carried by the contact with the transporting vehicle. miner stationed at the first automatic (f) A minimum vertical clearance of circuit breaker outby the equipment 12 inches shall be maintained between being moved and by a miner actually
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engaged in the moving or transporting per minute at 30 pounds per square operation; and, inch for a period of 35 minutes. (5) No person shall be permitted to be (e) Portable fire extinguisher: A port- inby the unit of equipment being able fire extinguisher shall be either (1) moved or transported, in the ventilat- a multipurpose dry chemical type con- ing current of air that is passing over taining a nominal weight of 5 pounds of such equipment, except those persons dry powder and enough expellant to directly engaged in moving such equip- apply the powder or (2) a foam-produc- ment. ing type containing at least 21⁄2 gallons (g) The provisions of paragraphs (a) of foam-producing liquids and enough through (f) of this section shall not expellant to supply the foam. Only fire apply to units of mining equipment extinguishers approved by the Under- that are transported in mine cars, pro- writers Laboratories, Inc., or Factory vided that no part of the equipment ex- Mutual Research Corp., carrying appro- tends above or over the sides of the priate labels as to type and purpose, mine car. shall be used. After March 30, 1971, all [38 FR 29998, Oct. 31, 1973, as amended at 60 new portable fire extinguishers ac- FR 33723, June 29, 1995] quired for use in a coal mine shall have a 2A 10 BC or higher rating. Subpart L—Fire Protection (f)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this section, the fire hose shall § 75.1100 Requirements. be lined with a material having flame resistant qualities meeting require- [STATUTORY PROVISION] ments for hose in Bureau of Mines’ Each coal mine shall be provided Schedule 2G. The cover shall be poly- with suitable firefighting equipment ester, or other material with flame- adapted for the size and conditions of spread qualities and mildew resistance the mine. The Secretary shall establish equal or superior to polyester. The minimum requirements of the type, bursting pressure shall be at least 4 quality, and quantity of such equip- times the water pressure at the valve ment. to the hose inlet with the valve closed; the maximum water pressure in the § 75.1100–1 Type and quality of fire- hose nozzle shall not exceed 100 p.s.i.g. fighting equipment. (2) Fire hose installed for use in un- Firefighting equipment required derground coal mines prior to Decem- under this subpart shall meet the fol- ber 30, 1970, shall be mildew-proof and lowing minimum requirements: have a bursting pressure at least 4 (a) Waterlines: Waterlines shall be times the water pressure at the valve capable of delivering 50 gallons of to the hose inlet with the valve closed, water a minute at a nozzle pressure of and the maximum water pressure in 50 pounds per square inch. the hose nozzle with water flowing (b) Portable water cars: A portable shall not exceed 100 p.s.i.g. water car shall be of at least 1,000 gal- lons capacity (500 gallons capacity for § 75.1100–2 Quantity and location of anthracite mines) and shall have at firefighting equipment. least 300 feet of fire hose with nozzles. A portable water car shall be capable of (a) Working sections. (1) Each working providing a flow through the hose of 50 section of coal mines producing 300 gallons of water per minute at a nozzle tons or more per shift shall be provided pressure of 50 pounds per square inch. with two portable fire extinguishers (c) A portable chemical car shall and 240 pounds of rock dust in bags or carry enough chemicals to provide a other suitable containers; waterlines fire extinguishing capacity equivalent shall extend to each section loading to that of a portable water car. point and be equipped with enough fire (d) Portable foam-generating ma- hose to reach each working face unless chines or devices: A portable foam-gen- the section loading point is provided erating machine or device shall have with one of the following: facilities and equipment for supplying (i) Two portable water cars; or the machine with 30 gallons of water (ii) Two portable chemical cars; or
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(iii) One portable water car or one (ii) Not less than 240 pounds of portable chemical car, and either (a) a bagged rock dust. portable foam-generating machine or (d) Transportation. Each track or off- (b) a portable high-pressure rock-dust- track locomotive, self-propelled man- ing machine fitted with at least 250 trip car, or personnel carrier shall be feet of hose and supplied with at least equipped with one portable fire extin- 60 sacks of rock dust. guisher. (2) Each working section of coal (e) Electrical installations. (1) Two mines producing less than 300 tons of portable fire extinguishers or one ex- coal per shift shall be provided with tinguisher having at least twice the two portable fire extinguishers, 240 minimum capacity specified for a port- pounds of rock dust in bags or other able fire extinguisher in § 75.1100–1(e) suitable containers, and at least 500 shall be provided at each permanent gallons of water and at least 3 pails of electrical installation. 10 quart capacity. In lieu of the 500 gal- (2) One portable fire extinguisher and lon water supply a waterline with suffi- 240 pounds of rock dust shall be pro- vided at each temporary electrical in- cient hose to reach the working places, stallation. a portable water car (500 gallons capac- (f) Oil storage stations. Two portable ity) or a portable all-purpose dry pow- fire extinguishers and 240 pounds of der chemical car of at least 125-pounds rock dust, shall be provided at each capacity may be provided. permanent underground oil storage (b) Belt conveyors. In all coal mines, station. One portable fire extinguisher waterlines shall be installed parallel to shall be provided at each working sec- the entire length of belt conveyors and tion where 25 gallons or more of oil are shall be equipped with firehose outlets stored in addition to extinguishers re- with valves at 300-foot intervals along quired under paragraph (a) of this sec- each belt conveyor and at tailpieces. tion. At least 500 feet of firehose with fit- (g) Welding, cutting, soldering. One tings suitable for connection with each portable fire extinguisher or 240 pounds belt conveyor waterline system shall of rock dust shall be provided at loca- be stored at strategic locations along tions where welding, cutting, or solder- the belt conveyor. Waterlines may be ing with arc or flame is being done. installed in entries adjacent to the con- (h) Powerlines. At each wooden door veyor entry belt as long as the outlets through which powerlines pass there project into the belt conveyor entry. shall be one portable fire extinguisher (c) Haulage tracks. (1) In mines pro- or 240 pounds of rock dust within 25 ducing 300 tons of coal or more per feet of the door on the intake air side. shift waterlines shall be installed par- (i) Emergency materials. (1) At each allel to all haulage tracks using mine producing 300 tons of coal or more mechanized equipment in the track or per shift there shall be readily avail- adjacent entry and shall extend to the able the following materials at loca- loading point of each working section. tions not exceeding 2 miles from each Waterlines shall be equipped with out- working section: let valves at intervals of not more than 1,000 board feet of brattice boards 500 feet, and 500 feet of firehose with 2 rolls of brattice cloth fittings suitable for connection with 2 hand saws such waterlines shall be provided at 25 pounds of 8d nails d strategic locations. Two portable water 25 pounds of 10 nails 25 pounds of 16d nails cars, readily available, may be used in 3 claw hammers lieu of waterlines prescribed under this 25 bags of wood fiber plaster or 10 bags of ce- paragraph. ment (or equivalent material for (2) In mines producing less than 300 stoppings) tons of coal per shift, there shall be 5 tons of rock dust provided at 500-foot intervals in all (2) At each mine producing less than main and secondary haulage roads: 300 tons of coal per shift the above ma- (i) A tank of water of at least 55-gal- terials shall be available at the mine, lon capacity with at least 3 pails of not provided, however, that the emergency less than 10-quart capacity; or materials for one or more mines may
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be stored at a central warehouse or drive and 50 feet of fire-resistant belt building supply company and such sup- or 150 feet of nonfire-resistant belt ad- ply must be the equivalent of that re- jacent to the belt drive. quired for all mines involved and with- in 1-hour’s delivery time from each § 75.1101–3 Water requirements. mine. This exception shall not apply Deluge-type water spray systems where the active working sections are shall be attached to a water supply. more than 2 miles from the surface. Water so supplied shall be free of exces- sive sediment and noncorrosive to the § 75.1100–3 Condition and examination system Water pressure shall be main- of firefighting equipment. tained consistent with the pipe, fit- All firefighting equipment shall be tings, valves, and nozzles at all times. maintained in a usable and operative Water systems shall include strainers condition. Chemical extinguishers with a flush-out connection and a man- shall be examined every 6 months and ual shut-off valve. The water supply the date of the examination shall be shall be adequate to provide flow for 10 written on a permanent tag attached minutes except that pressure tanks to the extinguisher. used as a source of water supply shall [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 be of 1,000-gallon capacity for a fire-re- FR 33723, June 29, 1995] sistant belt and 3,000 gallons for a nonfire-resistant belt may be provided. § 75.1101 Deluge-type water sprays, foam generators; main and second- § 75.1101–4 Branch lines. ary belt-conveyor drives. As a part of the deluge-type water spray system, two or more branch lines [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] of nozzles shall be installed. The maxi- Deluge-type water sprays or foam mum distance between nozzles shall generators automatically actuated by not exceed 8 feet. rise in temperature, or other no less ef- fective means approved by the Sec- § 75.1101–5 Installation of foam gener- retary of controlling fire, shall be in- ator systems. stalled at main and secondary belt-con- (a) Foam generator systems shall be veyor drives. located so as to discharge foam to the belt drive, belt takeup, electrical con- § 75.1101–1 Deluge-type water spray trols, gear reducing unit and the con- systems. veyor belt. (a) Deluge-type spray systems shall (b) Foam generator systems shall be consist of open nozzles attached to equipped with a fire sensor which actu- branch lines. The branch lines shall be ates the system, and each system shall connected to a waterline through a be capable of producing and delivering control valve operated by a fire sensor. the following amounts of foam within 5 Actuation of the control valve shall minutes: cause water to flow into the branch (1) At fire-resistant belt installa- lines and discharge from the nozzles. tions, an amount which will fully en- (b) Nozzles attached to the branch velop the belt drive, belt takeup, elec- lines shall be full cone, corrosion re- trical controls, gear reducing unit, and sistant and provided with blow-off dust the conveyor belt over a distance of 50 covers. The spray application rate shall feet; and, not be less than 0.25 gallon per minute (2) At nonfire-resistant belt installa- per square foot of the top surface of the tions, an amount which will fully en- top belt and the discharge shall be di- velop the belt drive, belt takeup elec- rected at both the upper and bottom trical controls, gear reducing unit, and surfaces of the top belt and to the the conveyor belt over a distance of 150 upper surface of the bottom belt. feet. (c) The foam generator shall be § 75.1101–2 Installation of deluge-type equipped with a warning device de- sprays. signed to stop the belt drive when a Deluge-type water spray systems fire occurs and all such warning de- shall provide protection for the belt vices shall be capable of giving both an
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audible and visual signal when actu- (c) The water discharge rate from the ated by fire. sprinkler system shall not be less than (d) Water, power, and chemicals re- 0.25 gallon per minute per square foot quired shall be adequate to maintain of the top surface of the top belt and water or foam flow for no less than 25 the discharge shall be directed at both minutes. the upper and bottom surfaces of the (e) Water systems shall include top belt and to the upper surface of the strainers with a flush-out connection bottom belt. The supply of water shall and a manual shut-off valve. be adequate to provide a constant flow of water for 10 minutes with all sprin- § 75.1101–6 Water sprinkler systems; klers functioning. general. (d) Each individual sprinkler shall be Water sprinkler systems may be in- activated at a temperature of not less stalled to protect main and secondary than 150° F. and not more than 300° F. belt-conveyor drives, however, where (e) Water systems shall include such systems are employed, they shall strainers with a flush-out connection be installed and maintained in accord- and a manual shut-off valve. ance with §§ 75.1101–7 through 75.1101–11. § 75.1101–9 Back-up water system. § 75.1101–7 Installation of water sprin- One fire hose outlet together with a kler systems; requirements. length of hose capable of extending to (a) The fire-control components of the belt drive shall be provided within each water sprinkler system shall be 300 feet of each belt drive. installed, as far as practicable in ac- cordance with the recommendations § 75.1101–10 Water sprinkler systems; set forth in National Fire Protection fire warning devices at belt drives. Association 1968–69 edition, Code No. Each water sprinkler system shall be 13, ‘‘Installation of Sprinkler Systems’’ equipped with a device designed to stop and such systems’ components shall be the belt drive in the event of a rise in of a type approved by the Under- temperature and each such warning de- writers’ Laboratories, Inc., Factory vice shall be capable of giving both an Mutual Research Corp. audible and visual warning when a fire (b) Each sprinkler system shall pro- occurs. vide protection for the motor drive belt takeup, electrical controls, gear reduc- § 75.1101–11 Inspection of water sprin- ing unit, and the 50 feet of fire-resist- kler systems. ant belt, or 150 feet of nonfire-resistant Each water sprinkler system shall be belt adjacent to the belt drive. examined weekly and a functional test (c) The components of each water of the complete system shall be con- sprinkler system shall be located so as ducted at least once each year. to minimize the possibility of damage by roof fall or by the moving belt and § 75.1101–12 Equivalent dry-pipe sys- its load. tem. Where water sprinkler systems are § 75.1101–8 Water sprinkler systems; installed to protect main and second- arrangement of sprinklers. ary belt conveyor drives and freezing (a) At least one sprinkler shall be in- temperatures prevail, an equivalent stalled above each belt drive, belt take- dry-pipe system may be installed. up, electrical control, and gear-reduc- ing unit, and individual sprinklers § 75.1101–13 Dry powder chemical sys- shall be installed at intervals of no tems; general. more than 8 feet along all conveyor Self-contained dry powder chemical branch lines. systems may be installed to protect (b) Two or more branch lines, at least main and secondary belt conveyor one of which shall be above the top belt drives, however, where such systems and one between the top and bottom are employed, they shall be installed belt, shall be installed in each sprin- and maintained in accordance with the kler system to provide a uniform dis- provisions of §§ 75.1101–14 through charge of water to the belt surface. 75.1101–22.
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§ 75.1101–14 Installation of dry powder shall be capable of remaining operative chemical systems. for at least 4 hours after a power cut- (a) Self-contained dry powder chemi- off. cal systems shall be installed to pro- (c) Sensor systems shall include a tect each belt-drive, belt takeup, elec- warning indicator (or test circuit) trical-controls, gear reducing units and which shows it is operative. 50 feet of fire-resistant belt or 150 feet (d) Each fire-suppression system of non-fire-resistant belt adjacent to shall be equipped with a manually op- the belt drive. erated control valve which shall be (b) The fire-control components of independent of the sensor. each dry powder chemical system shall be a type approved by the Under- § 75.1101–17 Sealing of dry powder writers’ Laboratories, Inc., or Factory chemical systems. Mutual Engineering Corp. Each dry powder chemical system (c) The components of each dry pow- shall be adequately sealed to protect der chemical system shall be located so all components of the system from as to minimize the possibility of dam- age by roof fall or by the moving belt moisture dust, and dirt. and its load. § 75.1101–18 Dry powder requirements. § 75.1101–15 Construction of dry pow- Each dry powder chemical system der chemical systems. shall contain the following minimum (a) Each self-contained dry powder amounts of multipurpose dry powder: system shall be equipped with hose or Dry pipe lines which are no longer than Belt powder, necessary. pounds (b) Metal piping and/or hose between control valves and nozzles shall have a Fire resistant ...... 125 minimum bursting pressure of 500 Non-fire resistant ...... 250 p.s.i.g. (c) Hose shall be protected by wire § 75.1101–19 Nozzles; flow rate and di- braid or its equivalent. rection. (d) Nozzles and reservoirs shall be The nozzles of each dry powder chem- sufficient in number to provide maxi- ical system shall be capable of dis- mum protection to each belt, belt take- charging all powder within 1 minute up, electrical controls, and gear reduc- after actuation of the system and such ing unit. nozzles shall be directed so as to mini- (e) Each belt shall be protected on mize the effect of ventilation upon fire the top surface of both the top and bot- control. tom belts and the bottom surface of the top belt. § 75.1101–20 Safeguards for dry pow- der chemical systems. § 75.1101–16 Dry powder chemical sys- tems; sensing and fire-suppression Adequate guards shall be provided devices. along all belt conveyors in the vicinity (a) Each self-contained dry powder of each dry powder chemical system to chemical system shall be equipped with protect persons whose vision is re- sensing devices which shall be designed stricted by a discharge of powder from to activate the fire-control system, the system. In addition, hand-rails sound an alarm and stop the conveyor shall be installed in such areas to pro- drive motor in the event of a rise in vide assistance to those passing along temperature, and provision shall be the conveyor after a powder discharge. made to minimize contamination of the lens of any optical sensing device § 75.1101–21 Back-up water system. installed in such system. One fire hose outlet together with a (b) Where sensors are operated from length of hose capable of extending to the same power source as the belt drive, each sensor shall be equipped the belt drive shall be provided within with a standby power source which 300 feet of each belt drive.
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§ 75.1101–22 Inspection of dry powder working section, and know the location chemical systems. of such fire suppression equipment; (a) Each dry powder chemical system (2) Each operator of attended equip- shall be examined weekly and a func- ment specified in § 75.1107–1(c)(1), and tional test of the complete system each miner assigned to perform job du- shall be conducted at least once each ties at the job site in the direct line of year. sight of attended equipment as de- (b) Where the dry powder chemical scribed in § 75.1107–1(c)(2), is proficient system has been actuated, all compo- in the use of fire suppression devices nents of the system shall be cleaned installed on such attended equipment; immediately by flushing all powder and, from pipes and hoses and all hose dam- (3) The shift foreman and at least one aged by fire shall be replaced. miner for every five miners working underground on a maintenance shift § 75.1101–23 Program of instruction; location and use of fire fighting are proficient in the use of fire suppres- equipment; location of escapeways, sion equipment available in the mine, exits and routes of travel; evacu- and know the location of such fire sup- ation procedures; fire drills. pression equipment. (a) Each operator of an underground (c) Each operator of an underground coal mine shall adopt a program for the coal mine shall require all miners to instruction of all miners in the loca- participate in fire drills, which shall be tion and use of fire fighting equipment, held at periods of time so as to ensure location of escapeways, exits, and that all miners participate in such a routes of travel to the surface, and drill no later than January 31, 1974, and proper evacuation procedures to be fol- at intervals of not more than 90 days lowed in the event of an emergency. thereafter. Such program shall be submitted for (1) The operator shall certify by sig- approval to the District Manager of the nature and date that the fire drills Coal Mine Health and Safety District were held in accordance with the re- in which the mine is located no later quirements of this section. Certifi- than June 30, 1974. cations shall be kept at the mine and (1) The approved program of instruc- made available on request to an au- tion shall include a specific fire fight- ing and evacuation plan designed to ac- thorized representative of the Sec- quaint miners on all shifts with proce- retary. dures for: (2) For purposes of this paragraph (c), (i) Evacuation of all miners not re- a fire drill shall consist of a simulation quired for fire fighting activities; of the actions required by the approved (ii) Rapid assembly and transpor- fire fighting and evacuation plan de- tation of necessary men, fire suppres- scribed in paragraph (a)(1) of this sec- sion equipment, and rescue apparatus tion. to the scene of the fire; and, [38 FR 29999, Oct. 31, 1973, as amended at 56 (iii) Operation of the fire suppression FR 1478, Jan. 14, 1991; 60 FR 33723, June 29, equipment available in the mine. 1995] (2) The approved program of instruc- tion shall be given to all miners annu- EDITORIAL NOTE: A clarification notice to ally, and to newly employed miners § 75.1101–23 was issued at 38 FR 33397, Dec. 4, within six months after the date of em- 1973 and corrected at 38 FR 34873, Dec. 20, ployment. 1973. (b) In addition to the approved pro- § 75.1102 Slippage and sequence gram of instruction required by para- switches. graph (a) of this section, each operator of an underground coal mine shall en- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] sure that: (1) At least two miners in each work- Underground belt conveyors shall be ing section on each production shift equipped with slippage and sequence are proficient in the use of all fire sup- switches. pression equipment available on such
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§ 75.1103 Automatic fire warning de- § 75.1103–3 Automatic fire sensor and vices. warning device systems; minimum requirements; general. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] Automatic fire sensor and warning On or before May 29, 1970, devices device systems installed in belt shall be installed on all such belts haulageways of underground coal mines shall be assembled from compo- which will give a warning automati- nents which meet the minimum re- cally when a fire occurs on or near quirements set forth in §§ 75.1103–4 such belt. The Secretary shall pre- through 75.1103–7 unless otherwise ap- scribe a schedule for installing fire sup- proved by the Secretary. pression devices on belt haulageways. [37 FR 16545, Aug. 16, 1972] § 75.1103–1 Automatic fire sensors. § 75.1103–4 Automatic fire sensor and A fire sensor system shall be in- warning device systems; installa- stalled on each underground belt con- tion; minimum requirements. veyor. Sensors so installed shall be of a (a) Automatic fire sensor and warn- type which will (a) give warning auto- ing device systems shall provide identi- matically when a fire occurs on or near fication of fire within each belt flight such belt; (b) provide both audible and (each belt unit operated by a belt visual signals that permit rapid loca- drive). tion of the fire. (1) Where used, sensors responding to temperature rise at a point (point-type § 75.1103–2 Automatic fire sensors; ap- sensors) shall be located at or above proved components; installation re- the elevation of the top belt, and in- quirements. stalled at the beginning and end of (a) The components of each auto- each belt flight, at the belt drive, and matic fire sensor required to be in- in increments along each belt flight so stalled in accordance with the provi- that the maximum distance between sions of § 75.1103–1 shall be of a type and sensors does not exceed 125 feet, except installed in a manner approved by the as provided in paragraph (a) (3) of this Secretary, or the components shall be section. of a type listed, approved and installed (2) Where used, sensors responding to radiation, smoke, gases, or other indi- in accordance with the recommenda- cations of fire, shall be spaced at regu- tions of a nationally recognized testing lar intervals to provide protection laboratory approved by the Secretary. equivalent to point-type sensors, and (b) Where applicable, and not incon- installed within the time specified in sistent with these regulations, auto- paragraph (a) (3) of this section. matic fire sensors shall be installed in (3) When the distance from the tail- accordance with the recommendations piece at loading points to the first set forth in National Fire Code No. 72A outby sensor reaches 125 feet when ‘‘Local Protective Signaling Systems’’ point-type sensors are used, such sen- (NFPA No. 72A–1967). National Fire sors shall be installed and put in oper- Code No. 72A (1967) is hereby incor- ation within 24 production shift hours porated by reference and made a part after the distance of 125 feet is reached. hereof. National Fire Code No. 72A is When sensors of the kind described in available for examination at each Coal paragraph (a) (2) of this section are Mine Health and Safety District and used, such sensor shall be installed and Subdistrict Office of the Mine Safety put in operation within 24 production and Health Administration, and may shift hours after the equivalent dis- be obtained from the National Fire tance which has been established for Protection Association, 60 the sensor from the tailpiece at loading Batterymarch Street, Boston, MA points to the first outby sensor is first 02110. reached. (b) Automatic fire sensor and warn- [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972] ing device systems shall be installed so
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as to minimize the possibility of dam- rollers and fire is made as prescribed in age from roof falls and the moving belt § 75.1103–4(e). and its load. (b) The fire sensor and warning de- (c) Infrared, ultraviolet, and other vice system shall include a means for sensors whose effectiveness is impaired rapid evaluation of electrical short and by contamination shall be protected open circuits, ground faults, pneumatic from dust, dirt, and moisture. leaks, or other defect detrimental to (d) The voltage of automatic fire sen- its proper operational condition. sor and warning device systems shall (c) Automatic fire sensor and warn- not exceed 120 volts. ing devices shall include a manual (e) Except when power must be cut reset feature. off in the mine under the provisions of [37 FR 16545, Aug. 16, 1972] § 75.313, automatic fire sensor and warning device systems shall be capa- § 75.1103–6 Automatic fire sensors; ac- ble of giving warning of fire for a mini- tuation of fire suppression systems. mum of 4 hours after the source of Automatic fire sensor and warning power to the belt is removed unless the device systems may be used to actuate belt haulageway is examined for hot deluge-type water systems, foam gener- rollers and fire as provided in para- ator systems, multipurpose dry-powder graph (e) (1) or (2) of this section. systems, or other equivalent automatic (1) When an unplanned removal of fire suppression systems. power from the belt occurs an examina- tion for hot rollers and fire in the oper- [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972] ating belts of a conveyor system shall be completed within 2 hours after the § 75.1103–7 Electrical components; per- missibility requirements. belt has stopped. (2) When a preplanned removal of The electrical components of each power from the belt occurs an examina- automatic fire sensor and warning de- tion for hot rollers and fire on the op- vice system shall: erating belts of a conveyor system may (a) Remain functional when the commence not more than 30 minutes power circuits are deenergized as re- before the belts are stopped and shall quired by § 75.706; and be completed within 2 hours after the (b) Be provided with protection examination is commenced, or the ex- against ignition of methane or coal amination shall be commenced when dust when the electrical power is deen- the belts are stopped and completed ergized as required by § 75.313, but these within 2 hours after the belts are components shall be permissible or in- stopped. trinsically safe if installed in a return airway. [37 FR 16545, Aug. 16, 1972, as amended at 57 FR 20928, May 15, 1992] [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972, as amended at 57 FR 20929, May 15, 1992] § 75.1103–5 Automatic fire warning de- vices; manual resetting. § 75.1103–8 Automatic fire sensor and warning device systems; inspection (a) Automatic fire sensor and warn- and test requirements. ing device systems shall upon activa- (a) Automatic fire sensor and warn- tion provide an effective warning sig- ing device systems shall be inspected nal at either of the following locations: weekly, and a functional test of the (1) At all work locations where men complete system shall be made at least may be endangered from a fire at the once annually. Inspection and mainte- belt flight; or (2) At a manned location where per- nance of such systems shall be by a sonnel have an assigned post of duty qualified person. (b) A record of the annual functional and have telephone or equivalent com- test conducted in accordance with munication with all men who may be paragraph (a) of this section shall be endangered. The automatic fire sensor and warn- maintained by the operator. A record ing device system shall be monitored card of the weekly inspection shall be for a period of 4 hours after the belt is kept at each belt drive. stopped, unless an examination for hot [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972]
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§ 75.1103–9 Minimum requirements; be trained in firefighting operations. fire suppression materials and loca- Fire drills shall be held at intervals not tion; maintenance of entries and exceeding 6 months. crosscuts; access doors; communica- tions; fire crews; high-expansion [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972] foam devices. (a) The following materials shall be § 75.1103–10 Fire suppression systems; additional requirements. stored within 300 feet of each belt drive or at a location where the material can Where the average air velocity along be moved to the belt drive within 5 the belt haulage entry exceeds 100 feet minutes, except that when the ven- per minute, or the belt is not fire re- tilating current in the belt haulageway sistant, or both, the fire suppression travels in the direction of the normal system in the belt haulageway shall movement of coal on the belt, the ma- conform with the following additional terials shall be stored within 300 feet of sensor and cache requirements: the belt tailpiece or at a location (a) The maximum distance between where the materials can be moved to sensors along the belt haulageway the belt tailpiece within 5 minutes. shall be 40 percent of those distances (1) 500 feet of fire hose, except that if specified or established in accordance the belt flight is less than 500 feet in with § 75.1103–4(a) (1) or (2), as applica- length the fire hose may be equal to ble, and shall be installed and put in the length of the belt flight. A high ex- operation within the period of time pansion foam device may be sub- specified in § 75.1103–4(a)(3). stituted for 300 feet of the 500 feet of (b) For each conveyor belt flight ex- the fire hose. Where used, such foam ceeding 2,000 feet in length, an addi- generators shall produce foam suffi- tional cache of the materials specified cient to fill 100 feet of the belt in § 75.1103–9(a) (1), (2), and (3) shall be haulageway in not more than 5 min- provided. The additional cache may be utes. Sufficient power cable and water stored at the locations specified in hose shall be provided so that the foam § 75.1103–9(a), or at some other strategic generator can be installed at any cross- location readily accessible to the con- cut along the belt by which the genera- veyor belt flight. tor is located. A 1-hour supply of foam producing chemicals and tools and [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972] hardware required for its operation shall be stored at the foam generator. § 75.1103–11 Tests of fire hydrants and (2) Tools to open a stopping between fire hose; record of tests. the belt entry and the adjacent intake Each fire hydrant shall be tested by entry; and opening to insure that it is in operat- (3) 240 pounds of bagged rock dust. ing condition, and each fire hose shall (b) The entry containing the main be tested, at intervals not exceeding 1 waterline and the crosscuts containing year. A record of these tests shall be water outlets between such entry and maintained at an appropriate location. the belt haulageway (if the main wa- terline is in an adjacent entry) shall be [37 FR 16546, Aug. 16, 1972] maintained accessible and in safe con- dition for travel and firefighting ac- § 75.1104 Underground storage, lubri- cating oil and grease. tivities. Each stopping in such cross- cuts or adjacent crosscuts shall have [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] an access door. (c) Suitable communication lines ex- Underground storage places for lubri- tending to the surface shall be provided cating oil and grease shall be of fire- in the belt haulageway or adjacent proof construction. Except for specially entry. prepared materials approved by the (d) The fire suppression system re- Secretary, lubricating oil and grease quired at the belt drive shall include kept in all underground areas in a coal the belt discharge head. mine shall be in fireproof, closed metal (e) A crew consisting of at least five containers or other no less effective members for each working shift shall containers approved by the Secretary.
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§ 75.1106 Welding, cutting, or soldering (3) Equipped with a metal cap or with arc or flame underground. ‘‘headband’’ (fence-type metal protec- tor around the valve stem) to protect [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] the cylinder valve during transit; and, All welding, cutting, or soldering (4) Clearly labeled ‘‘empty’’ or ‘‘MT’’ with arc or flame in all underground when the gas in the cylinder has been areas of a coal mine shall, whenever expended. practicable, be conducted in fireproof (b) In addition to the requirements of enclosures. Welding, cutting, or solder- paragraph (a) of this section, when liq- ing with arc or flame in other than a uefied and nonliquefied compressed gas fireproof enclosure shall be done under cylinders are transported by a trolley the supervision of a qualified person wire haulage system into or through an who shall make a diligent search for underground coal mine, such cylinders fire during and after such operations shall be placed in well insulated and and shall, immediately before and dur- substantially constructed containers ing such operations, continuously test which are specifically designed for for methane with means approved by holding such cylinders. the Secretary for detecting methane. (c) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- Welding, cutting, or soldering shall not pressed gas cylinders shall not be be conducted in air that contains 1.0 transported on mantrips. volume per centum or more of meth- [36 FR 22061, Nov. 19, 1971] ane. Rock dust or suitable fire extin- guishers shall be immediately avail- § 75.1106–3 Storage of liquefied and able during such welding, cutting or nonliquefied compressed gas cyl- soldering. inders; requirements. (a) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- § 75.1106–1 Test for methane. pressed gas cylinders stored in an un- Until December 31, 1970, a permissible derground coal mine shall be: flame safety lamp may be used to (1) Clearly marked and identified as make tests for methane required by the to their contents in accordance with regulations in this part. On and after Department of Transportation regula- December 31, 1970 a methane detector tions. approved by the Secretary shall be (2) Placed securely in storage areas used for such tests and a permissible designated by the operator for such flame safety lamp may be used as a purpose, and where the height of the supplemental testing device. A person coalbed permits, in an upright position, qualified to test for methane under preferably in specially designated § 75.151 will be a qualified person for the racks, or otherwise secured against purpose of this section. being accidently tipped over. (3) Protected against damage from RANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND STOR- T falling material, contact with power AGE OF LIQUEFIED AND NONLIQUEFIED lines and energized electrical equip- COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS ment, heat from welding, cutting or soldering, and exposure to flammable § 75.1106–2 Transportation of liquefied and nonliquefied compressed gas liquids. cylinders; requirements. (b) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- pressed gas cylinders shall not be (a) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- stored or left unattended in any area pressed gas cylinders transported into inby the last open crosscut of an under- or through an underground coal mine ground coal mine. shall be: (c) When not in use, the valves of all (1) Placed securely in devices de- liquefied and nonliquefied compressed signed to hold the cylinder in place gas cylinders shall be in the closed po- during transit on self-propelled equip- ment or belt conveyors; sition, and all hoses shall be removed from the cylinder. (2) Disconnected from all hoses and gages; [36 FR 22061, Nov. 19, 1971]
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§ 75.1106–4 Use of liquefied and non- shops where the necessary equipment liquefied compressed gas cylinders; is properly installed and operated in general requirements. accordance with specifications for safe- (a) Persons assigned by the operator ty prescribed by the manufacturer. to use and work with liquefied and non- [36 FR 22061, Nov. 19, 1971] liquefied compressed gas shall be trained and designated by the operator § 75.1106–5 Maintenance and tests of as qualified to perform the work to liquefied and nonliquefied com- which they are assigned, and such pressed gas cylinders; accessories qualified persons shall be specifically and equipment; requirements. instructed with respect to the dangers (a) Hose lines, gages, and other cyl- inherent in the use of such gases in an inder accessories shall be maintained underground coal mine. (b) Persons who perform welding, in a safe operating condition. cutting, or burning operations shall (b) Defective cylinders, cylinder ac- wear clothing free from excessive oil or cessories, torches, and other welding, grease. cutting, and burning equipment shall (c) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- be labeled ‘‘defective’’ and taken out of pressed gas shall be used only in well- service. ventilated areas. (c) Each qualified person assigned to (d) Not more than one liquefied or perform welding, cutting, or burning nonliquefied compressed gas unit, con- with liquefied and nonliquefied com- sisting of one oxygen cylinder and one pressed gas shall be equipped with a additional gas cylinder, shall be used wrench specifically designed for use to repair any unit of equipment which with liquefied and nonliquefied com- is inby the loading point of any sec- pressed gas cylinders and a suitable tion. torchtip cleaner to maintain torches in (e) Where liquefied and nonliquefied a safe operating condition. compressed gas is used regularly in un- (d) Tests for leaks on the hose valves derground shops or other underground or gages of liquefied and nonliquefied structures, such shops or structures compressed gas cylinders shall only be shall be on a separate split of air. made with a soft brush and soapy water (f) Where liquefied and nonliquefied or soap suds, or other device approved compressed gas is used in any area in by the Secretary. which oil, grease, or coal dust is present, oil and grease deposits shall, [36 FR 22062, Nov. 19, 1971] where practicable, be removed and the entire area within 10 feet of the work- § 75.1106–6 Exemption of small low site covered with a heavy coating of pressure gas cylinders containing rock dust. nonflammable or nonexplosive gas (g) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- mixtures. pressed gas cylinders shall be located Small low pressure gas cylinders con- no less than 10 feet from the worksite, taining nonflammable or nonexplosive and where the height of the coal seam gas mixtures, which provide for the permits, they shall be placed in an up- emission of such gas under a pressure right position and chained or otherwise reduced from a pressure which does not secured against falling. exceed 250 p.s.i.g., and which is manu- (h) Liquefied and nonliquefied com- factured and sold in conformance with pressed gas shall not be used under di- U.S. Department of Transportation rect pressure from the cylinder and, Special Permit No. 6029 as a calibration where such gases are used under re- test kit for methane monitoring sys- duced pressure, the pressure level shall tems, shall be exempt from the require- not exceed that recommended by the ments of §§ 75.1106–2(c) and 75.1106–4(d), manufacturer. (f) and (g). (i) ‘‘Manifolding cylinders’’ shall only be performed in well-ventilated [36 FR 22062, Nov. 19, 1971]
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FIRE SUPPRESSION DEVICES AND FIRE- such equipment is protected by a fire RESISTANT HYDRAULIC FLUIDS ON UN- suppression device which meets the ap- DERGROUND EQUIPMENT plicable requirements of §§ 75.1107–3— 75.1107–16. § 75.1107 Fire suppression devices. (c) For purpose of §§ 75.1107—75.1107–16 the following underground equipment [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] shall be considered attended equip- On and after March 30, 1971, fire-sup- ment: pression devices meeting specifications (1) Any machine or device regularly prescribed by the Secretary shall be in- operated by a miner assigned to oper- stalled on unattended underground ate such machine or device; equipment and suitable fire-resistant (2) Any machine or device which is hydraulic fluids approved by the Sec- mounted in the direct line of sight of a retary shall be used in the hydraulic jobsite which is located within 500 feet systems of such equipment. Such fluids of such machine or device and which shall be used in the hydraulic systems jobsite is regularly occupied by a of other underground equipment unless miner assigned to perform job duties at fire suppression devices meeting speci- such jobsite during each production fications prescribed by the Secretary shift. are installed on such equipment. (d) Machines and devices described under paragraph (c) of this section § 75.1107–1 Fire-resistant hydraulic must be inspected for fire and the input fluids and fire suppression devices powerline deenergized when workmen on underground equipment. leave the area for more than 30 min- (a)(1) Unattended electrically pow- utes. ered equipment used underground [37 FR 15301, July 29, 1972] which uses hydraulic fluid shall use ap- proved fire-resistant hydraulic fluid. § 75.1107–2 Approved fire-resistant hy- (2) Except as provided in paragraph draulic fluids; minimum require- (a) (3) of this section, within 24 produc- ments. tion shift hours after being installed, Fire-resistant hydraulic fluids and unattended electrically powered equip- concentrates required to be employed ment used underground shall be in the hydraulic system of underground equipped with a fire suppression device equipment in accordance with the pro- which meets the applicable require- visions of § 75.1107–1 shall be considered ments of §§ 75.1107–3 through 75.1107–16. suitable only if they have been pro- (3) Unattended enclosed motors, con- duced under an approval, or any modi- trols, transformers, rectifiers, and fication thereof, issued pursuant to other similar noncombustible elec- Part 35 Subchapter I of this chapter trically powered equipment containing (Bureau of Mines Schedule 30), or any no flammable fluid may be protected: revision thereof. (i) By an approved fire suppression [37 FR 15301, July 29, 1972] device, or (ii) Be located at least 2 feet from § 75.1107–3 Fire suppression devices; coal or other combustible materials, or approved components; installation (iii) Be separated from the coal or requirements. combustible materials by a 4-inch- (a) The components of each fire sup- thick masonry firewall or equivalent; pression device required to be installed and be mounted on a minimum 4-inch- in accordance with the provisions of thick noncombustible surface, plat- § 75.1107–1 shall be approved by the Sec- form, or equivalent. The electrical ca- retary, or where appropriate be listed bles at such equipment shall conform as approved by a nationally recognized with the requirements of Part 18 of this agency approved by the Secretary. chapter (Bureau of Mines Schedule 2G) (b) Where used, pressure vessels shall or be in metal conduit. conform with the requirements of sec- (b) Attended electrically powered tions 3603, 3606, 3607, 3707, and 3708 of equipment used underground which National Fire Code No. 22 ‘‘Water uses hydraulic fluid shall use approved Tanks for Private Fire Protection’’ fire-resistant hydraulic fluid unless (NFPA No. 22–1971).
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(c) The cover of hose of fire suppres- be installed so as to be easily reached sion devices, if used on the protected by the miner at the jobsite or by per- equipment and installed after the effec- sons approaching the equipment. tive date of this section, shall meet the (b) Sensors shall, where practicable, flame-resistant requirements of Part 18 be installed in accordance with the rec- of this chapter (Bureau of Mines Sched- ommendations set forth in National ule 2G). Fire Code No. 72A ‘‘Local Protective (d) Fire suppression devices required Signaling Systems’’ (NFPA No. 72A– to be installed in accordance with the 1967). provisions of § 75.1107–1 shall where ap- (c) On unattended equipment the fire propriate be installed in accordance suppression device shall operate inde- with the manufacturer’s specifications. pendently of the power to the main motor (or equivalent) so it will remain [37 FR 15301, July 29, 1972] operative if the circuit breakers (or § 75.1107–4 Automatic fire sensors and other protective device) actuates. On manual actuators; installation; min- attended equipment powered through a imum requirements. trailing cable the fire suppression de- (a)(1) Where fire suppression devices vice shall operate independently of the are installed on unattended under- electrical power provided by the cable. ground equipment, one or more point- (d) Point-type sensors (such as ther- type sensors or equivalent shall be in- mocouple, bimetallic strip, or rate of stalled for each 50 square feet of top temperature rise) located in ventilated surface area, or fraction thereof, of passageways shall be installed down- such equipment, and each sensor shall wind from the equipment to be pro- be designed to activate the first sup- tected. pression system and disconnect the (e) Sensor systems shall include a de- electrical power source to the equip- vice or method for determining their ment protected, and, except where operative condition. sprinklers are used, there shall be in [37 FR 15301, July 29, 1972] addition, a manual actuator installed to operate the system. Where sprin- § 75.1107–5 Electrical components of klers are used, provision shall be made fire suppression devices; permis- for manual application of water to the sibility requirements. protected equipment in lieu of a man- The electrical components of each ual actuator. fire suppression device used on permis- (2) Two or more manual actuators, sible equipment inby the last open where practicable, shall be installed, as crosscut or on equipment in the return provided in paragraphs (a)(2) (i) and (ii) airways of any coal mine shall be per- of this section, to activate fire suppres- missible or intrinsically safe and such sion devices on attended equipment components shall be maintained in per- purchased on or after the effective date missible or intrinsically safe condition. of this § 75.1107–4. At least one manual [37 FR 15302, July 29, 1972] actuator shall be used on equipment purchased prior to the effective date of § 75.1107–6 Capacity of fire suppres- this § 75.1107–4. sion devices; location and direction (i) Manual actuators installed on at- of nozzles. tended equipment regularly operated (a) Each fire suppression device shall by a miner, as provided in § 75.1107– be: 1(c)(1) shall be located at different lo- (1) Adequate in size and capacity to cations on the equipment, and at least extinguish potential fires in or on the one manual actuator shall be located equipment protected; and within easy reach of the operator’s nor- (2) Suitable for the atmospheric con- mal operating position. ditions surrounding the equipment pro- (ii) Manual actuators to activate fire tected (e.g., air velocity, type, and suppression devices on attended equip- proximity of adjacent combustible ma- ment not regularly operated by a terial); and miner, as provided in § 75.1107–1(c)(2), (3) Rugged enough to withstand shall be installed at different location, rough usage and vibration when in- and at least one manual actuator shall stalled on mining equipment.
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(b) The extinguishant-discharge noz- Type of equipment Water in zles of each fire suppression device gallons shall, where practicable, be located so (4) All other attended equipment ...... 18.0 as to take advantage of mine ventila- tion air currents. The fire suppression The rate of flow shall be not less than device may be of the internal injection, 7 gallons per minute. inundating, or combination type. (d) Where water is used in a combina- Where fire control is achieved by inter- tion internal injection and inundation nal injection, or combination of inter- system on attended equipment the rate nal injection and inundation, hazard- of flow shall be at least 0.12 gallon per ous locations shall be enclosed to mini- minute per square foot over the top mize runoff and overshoot of the extin- surface area of the equipment (exclud- guishing agent and the extinguishing agent shall be directed onto: ing conveyors, cutters, and gathering heads), and the supply of water shall be (1) Cable reel compartments and elec- adequate to provide the required flow trical cables on the equipment which are subject to flexing or to external of water for 10 minutes. damage; and (e) On equipment provided with a (2) All hydraulic components on the cable reel and an internal injection or equipment which are exposed directly combination-type system, the amount to or located in the immediate vicinity of water discharged into the cable reel of electrical cables which are subject compartments shall be approximately to flexing or to damage. 25 percent of the amount required to be discharged by the system, however, [37 FR 15302, July 29, 1972] such quantity need not exceed 10 gal- lons. § 75.1107–7 Water spray devices; capac- ity; water supply; minimum re- (f) Liquid chemicals may be used, as quirements. approved by the Secretary in self-con- tained fire suppression devices. Such (a) Where water spray devices are liquid chemicals shall be nontoxic and used on unattended underground equip- when applied to a fire shall not produce ment the rate of flow shall be at least excessive toxic compounds. The quan- 0.25 gallon per minute per square foot tity of liquid chemicals required shall over the top surface area of the equip- be proportionately less than water as ment and the supply of water shall be based on equivalency ratings estab- adequate to provide the required flow lished by the Secretary or equivalency of water for 10 minutes. ratings made by a nationally recog- (b) Where water spray devices are nized agency approved by the Sec- used for inundating attended under- retary. ground equipment the rate of flow shall be at least 0.18 gallon per minute per [37 FR 15302, July 29, 1972] square foot over the top surface area of the equipment (excluding conveyors, § 75.1107–8 Fire suppression devices; cutters, and gathering heads), and the extinguishant supply systems. supply of water shall be adequate to (a) Fire suppression systems using provide the required flow of water for water or liquid chemical to protect at- 10 minutes. tended equipment shall: (c) Where water is used for internal (1) Be maintained at a pressure con- injection on attended equipment the sistent with the pipe, fittings, valves, total quantity of water shall be at and nozzles used in the system. least 4.5 gallons times the number of (2) Be located so as to be protected hazardous locations; however, the total against damage during operation of the minimum amount of water shall not be equipment protected. less than the following: (3) Employ liquid which is free from Water in excessive sediment and noncorrosive to Type of equipment gallons the system. (4) Include strainers equipped with (1) Cutting machines ...... 36 (2) Continuous miners ...... 36 flush-out connections or equivalent (3) Haulage vehicles ...... 22.5 protective devices and a rising stem or
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other visual indicator-type shutoff minutes for quantities more than 50 valve. pounds; (b) Water supplies for fire suppression (b) On unattended underground devices installed on underground equipment, the number of pounds of equipment may be maintained in dry chemical employed by the system mounted water tanks or by connection shall be not less than 1 pound per to water mains. Such water supplies square foot of top surface area of the shall be continuously connected to the equipment; however, the minimum fire suppression device whenever the amount in any system shall be 20 equipment is connected to a power pounds (nominal). The discharge shall source, except for a reasonable time for be directed into and on potentially haz- changing hose connections to hydrants ardous locations of the equipment. while the machine is stopped in a ven- (c) On attended underground equip- tilated passageway. ment, the number of pounds (nominal) employed by the system shall equal 5 [37 FR 15302, July 29, 1972] times the total number of hazardous locations; however, the minimum § 75.1107–9 Dry chemical devices; ca- amount in any system shall not be less pacity; minimum requirements. than the following, except that sys- (a) Dry chemical fire extinguishing tems on haulage vehicles installed systems used on underground equip- prior to the effective date of this sec- ment shall be of the multipurpose pow- tion may contain 20 pounds (nominal). der-type and shall include the follow- Dry chemi- ing: Type of equipment cal pounds (1) The system including all hose and (nominal) nozzles shall be protected against the (1) Cutting machines ...... 40 entrance of moisture, dust, or dirt; (2) Continuous miners ...... 40 (3) Haulage vehicles ...... 30 (2) The system shall be guarded (4) All other attended equipment ...... 20 against damage during operation of the equipment protected; (d) The amount of dry chemical dis- (3) Hose and pipe shall be as short as charged into the cable reel compart- possible; the distance between the ments of attended underground equip- chemical container and furthest nozzle ment shall be approximately 25 percent shall not exceed 50 feet; of the total amount required to be dis- (4) Hose, piping, and fittings between charged by the system; however, the the actuator and the chemical con- quantity discharged into cable reel tainer shall have a bursting pressure of compartments need not exceed 10 500 pounds per square inch (gage) or pounds. higher; the hose, piping, and fittings [37 FR 15302, July 29, 1972] between the chemical container and the nozzles shall have a bursting pres- § 75.1107–10 High expansion foam de- sure of 300 pounds per square inch vices; minimum capacity. (gage) or higher and (a) On unattended underground (5) The system shall discharge in 1 equipment the amount of water deliv- minute or less, for quantities less than ered as high expansion foam for a pe- 50 pounds (nominal) 1 and in less than 2 riod of approximately 20 minutes shall be not less than 0.06 gallon per minute 1 Many dry chemical systems were origi- per square foot of surface area of the nally designed for sodium bicarbonate before equipment protected; however, the all-purpose chemical (ammonium phosphate) minimum total rate for any system was shown to be more effective. Sodium bi- shall be not less than 3 gallons per carbonate is denser than ammonium phos- minute. phate; hence, for example, a 50-pound system (b) On attended underground equip- designed for the sodium bicarbonate will ment, foam may be delivered by inter- hold slightly more by weight than all-pur- pose dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) by nal injection, inundation, or combina- weight. The word ‘‘nominal’’ is used in tion-type systems. Each system shall § 75.1107–9 to express the approximate weight deliver water as foam for a minimum in pounds of all-purpose dry chemical. of 10 minutes. For internal injection,
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the rate of water application as high § 75.1107–13 Approval of other fire expansion foam shall be not less than suppression devices. 0.5 gallon per minute per hazardous lo- Notwithstanding the provisions of cation; however, the minimum total §§ 75.1107–1 through 75.1107–12 the Dis- rate shall be not less than 2 gallons per trict Manager for the District in which minute. For inundation, the rate of the mine is located may approve any water application as high expansion other fire suppression system or device foam shall be not less than 0.05 gallon which provides substantially equiva- per minute per square foot of top sur- lent protection as would be achieved face area of the equipment protected; through compliance with those sec- however, the minimum total rate shall tions: Provided, That no such system or be not less than 5 gallons of water per device shall be approved which does not minute. meet the following minimum criteria: (a) Components shall be approved by (c) In combined internal injection the Secretary, or where appropriate be and inundation systems the rate of listed as approved by a nationally rec- water applied as foam shall not be less ognized agency approved by the Sec- than 0.035 gallon per minute per square retary. foot of top surface area of the equip- (b) The fire suppression equipment ment protected; however, the minimum shall be designed to withstand the rig- total rate shall not be less than 3.5 gal- ors of the mine environment. Where lons of water per minute. used, pressure vessels shall conform (d) Where internal injection is em- with the requirements of section 3603, ployed, the amount of water discharged 3606, 3607, 3707, and 3708 of National as high expansion foam into the cable Fire Code No. 22 ‘‘Water Tanks for Pri- reel compartments of underground vate Fire Protection’’ (NFPA No. 22– equipment regularly operated by a 1971). miner shall be approximately 25 per- (c) The cover of hose of fire suppres- cent of the total amount required to be sion devices, if used on the protected discharged by the system; however, the equipment, shall meet the flame-resist- quantity of water discharged as foam ant requirements of Part 18 of this into the cable reel compartment need chapter (Bureau of Mines Schedule 2G). not exceed 1.5 gallons. (d) Extinguishing agents shall not create a serious toxic or other hazard [37 FR 15303, July 29, 1972] to the miners. (e) The electrical components of the § 75.1107–11 Extinguishing agents; re- fire suppression device shall meet the quirements on mining equipment requirements for electrical components employed in low coal. of the mining machine. On mining equipment no more than (f) Where used, manual actuators for 32 inches high, the quantity of extin- initiating the operation of the fire sup- guishing agent required under the pro- pression device shall be readily acces- visions of §§ 75.1107–7, 75.1107–9, and sible to the machine operator. On unat- 75.1107–10 may be reduced by one-fourth tended equipment, an automatic as if space limitations on the equipment well as a manual actuator shall be pro- require such reduction. vided. (g) On unattended equipment the fire [37 FR 15303, July 29, 1972] suppression device shall operate inde- pendently of the power to the main § 75.1107–12 Inerting of mine atmos- motor (or equivalent) so it will remain phere prohibited. operative if the circuit breakers (or No fire suppression device designed other protective device) actuates. On to control fire by total flooding shall attended equipment powered through a be installed to protect unattended un- trailing cable the fire suppression de- derground equipment except in en- vice shall operate independently of the closed dead-end entries or enclosed electrical power provided by the cable. rooms. (h) On unattended equipment, the sensor system shall have a means for [37 FR 15303, July 29, 1972] checking its operative condition.
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(i) The fire suppression agent shall be mining conditions for any location of directed at locations where the great- the machine while electric power is est potential fire hazard exists. Cable connected. reel compartments shall receive ap- (5) The rate of water flow at the ma- proximately twice the quantity of ex- chine shall provide a minimum of 0.12 tinguishing agent as each other hazard- gallon of water per minute per square ous location. foot of top surface area (excluding con- (j) The rate of application of the fire veyors, cutters, and gathering heads). suppression agent shall minimize the The water shall discharge to all haz- time for quenching and the total quan- ardous locations on the machine. tity applied shall be sufficient to (6) Hose, if used on the machine, in quench a fire in its incipient stage. addition to meeting the flame resistant (k) The effectiveness of the quench- requirements for the cover of a hose ing agent, together with the total provided in §§ 75.1107–3(b) and 75.1107– quantity of agent and its rate of appli- 13(c) shall have a minimum burst pres- cation shall provide equivalent protec- sure 4 times that of the static water tion to the water, dry powder, or foam pressure at the mining machine. Fabric systems described in §§ 75.1107–7, braid hose shall have at least two 75.1107–9, and 75.1107–10. braids, and wire braid hose shall have (l) The fire suppression device shall at least a single braid. be operable at all times electrical (7) In addition to the hose located at power is connected to the mining ma- the hydrant (which is intended to be chine, except during tramming when connected to the hose on the machine) the machine is in a ventilated passage- the firefighting equipment required by way, the water hose if used, may be § 75.1100–2(a) shall be maintained. switched from one hydrant to another (8) A sufficient number of trained in a reasonable time and except in sys- miners shall be kept on the section tems meeting the minimum special cri- when the machine is in use to connect teria set forth in paragraph (m) of this the machine hose to the hydrant hose section. and achieve water flow in not more (m) Systems for attended equipment than 3 minutes. which are not continuously connected to a water supply shall not be approved [37 FR 15303, July 29, 1972] unless they meet the following mini- § 75.1107–14 Guards and handrails; re- mum criteria: quirements where fire suppression (1) The machine shall be equipped devices are employed. with a firehose at least 50 feet in All unattended underground equip- length which is continuously connected ment provided with fire suppression de- to the machine-mounted portion of the vices which are mounted in dead end system. entries, enclosed rooms or other poten- (2) Hydrants in proximity to the area tially hazardous locations shall be where the machine is to be used shall equipped with adequate guards at mov- be equipped with sufficient hose to ing or rotating components. Handrails reach the machine at any time it is or other effective protective devices connected to a power source. shall be installed at such locations (3) The machine shall be used only where necessary to facilitate rapid where the operator (or other person) egress from the area surrounding such will always be in ventilated air equipment. uncontaminated by smoke and hot gases from the machine fire while ex- [37 FR 15303, July 29, 1972] tending the machine-mounted hose to connect with the hydrant-mounted § 75.1107–15 Fire suppression devices; hose. hazards; training of miners. (4) The machine and hydrant hoses Each operator shall instruct all min- shall be readily accessible so that the ers normally assigned to the active connection between the machine- workings of the mine with respect to mounted hose and the hydrant hose any hazards inherent in the operation can be made and water flow achieved in of all fire suppression devices installed not more than 3 minutes under actual in accordance with § 75.1107–1 and,
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where appropriate, the safeguards tion, 60 Batterymarch Street, Boston, available at each such installation. MA 02110. [37 FR 15303, July 29, 1972] [37 FR 15304, July 29, 1972]
§ 75.1107–16 Inspection of fire suppres- § 75.1108 Flame-resistant conveyor sion devices. belts.
(a) All fire suppression devices shall [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] be visually inspected at least once each week by a person qualified to make On and after March 30, 1970, all con- such inspections. veyor belts acquired for use under- (b) Each fire suppression device shall ground shall meet the requirements to be established by the Secretary for be tested and maintained in accordance flame-resistant conveyor belts. with the requirements specified in the appropriate National Fire Code listed § 75.1108–1 Approved conveyor belts. as follows for the type and kind of de- vice used: Conveyor belts which have been ap- proved as flame-resistant by the Bu- National Fire Code No. 11A ‘‘High Expansion reau of Mines under Part 18 of this Foam Systems’’ (NFPA No. 11A—1970). chapter (Bureau of Mines Schedule 2G) National Fire Code No. 13A ‘‘Care and Main- meet the requirements of § 75.1108. tenance of Sprinkler Systems’’ (NFPA No. 13A—1971). National Fire Code No. 15 ‘‘Water Spray Subpart M—Maps Fixed Systems for Fire Protection’’ (NFPA No. 15—1969). § 75.1200 Mine map. National Fire Code No. 17 ‘‘Dry Chemical Ex- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] tinguishing Systems’’ (NFPA No. 17—1969). National Fire Code No. 72A ‘‘Local Protec- The operator of a coal mine shall tive Signaling Systems’’ (NFPA No. 72A— have in a fireproof repository located 1967). in an area on the surface of the mine National Fire Code No. 198 ‘‘Care of Fire chosen by the mine operator to mini- Hose’’ (NFPA No. 198—1969). mize the danger of destruction by fire (c) A record of the inspections re- or other hazard, an accurate and up-to- quired by this section shall be main- date map of such mine drawn on scale. tained by the operator. The record of Such map shall show: the weekly inspections may be main- (a) The active workings; tained at an appropriate location by (b) All pillared, worked out, and each fire suppression device. abandoned areas, except as provided in this section; [37 FR 15304, July 29, 1972, as amended at 60 (c) Entries and aircourses with the FR 33723, June 29, 1995] direction of airflow indicated by ar- rows; § 75.1107–17 Incorporation by ref- (d) Contour lines of all elevations; erence; availability of publications. (e) Elevations of all main and cross In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a), or side entries; the technical publications to which ref- (f) Dip of the coalbed; erence is made in §§ 75.1107–1 through (g) Escapeways; 75.1107–16, and which have been pre- (h) Adjacent mine workings within pared by organizations other than the 1,000 feet; Bureau of Mines or the Mine Safety (i) Mines above or below; and Health Administration, are hereby (j) Water pools above; and incorporated by reference and made a (k) Either producing or abandoned oil part hereof. The incorporated publica- and gas wells located within 500 feet of tions are available for examination at such mine and any underground area of each Coal Mine Health and Safety Dis- such mine; and, trict and Subdistrict Office of the Mine (l) Such other information as the Safety and Health Administration. Na- Secretary may require. Such map shall tional Fire Codes are available from identify those areas of the mine which the National Fire Protection Associa- have been pillared, worked out, or
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abandoned, which are inaccessible or (l) The elevation of any body of water cannot be entered safely and on which dammed in the mine or held back in no information is available. any portion of the mine; and, (m) Contour lines passing through § 75.1200–1 Additional information on whole number elevations of the coalbed mine map. being mined. The spacing of such lines Additional information required to shall not exceed 10-foot elevation lev- be shown on mine maps under § 75.1200 els, except that a broader spacing of shall include the following: contour lines may be approved by the (a) Name and address of the mine; District Manager for steeply-pitching (b) The scale and orientation of the coalbeds. Contour lines may be placed map; on overlays or tracings attached to (c) The property or boundary lines of mine maps. the mine; (d) All drill holes that penetrate the § 75.1200–2 Accuracy and scale of mine coalbed being mined; maps. (e) All shaft, slope, drift, and tunnel (a) The scale of mine maps submitted openings and auger and strip mined to the Secretary shall not be less than areas of the coalbed being mined; 100 or more than 500 feet to the inch. (f) The location of all surface mine (b) Mine traverses shall be advanced ventilation fans; the location may be by closed loop methods of traversing or designated on the mine map by sym- other equally accurate methods of tra- bols; versing. (g) The location of railroad tracks and public highways leading to the § 75.1201 Certification. mine, and mine buildings of a perma- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] nent nature with identifying names shown; Such map shall be made or certified (h) The location and description of at by a registered engineer or a registered least two permanent base line points surveyor of the State in which the coordinated with the underground and mine is located. surface mine traverses, and the loca- tion and description of at least two § 75.1202 Temporary notations, revi- permanent elevation bench marks used sions, and supplements. in connection with establishing or ref- [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] erencing mine elevation surveys; (i) The location of any body of water Such map shall be kept up-to-date by dammed in the mine or held back in temporary notations and such map any portion of the mine; provided, how- shall be revised and supplemented at ever, such bodies of water may be intervals prescribed by the Secretary shown on overlays or tracings attached on the basis of a survey made or cer- to the mine maps used to show contour tified by such engineer or surveyor. lines as provided under paragraph (m) of this section; § 75.1202–1 Temporary notations, revi- (j) The elevations of tops and bot- sions, and supplements. toms of shafts and slopes, and the floor (a) Mine maps shall be revised and at the entrance to drift and tunnel supplemented at intervals of not more openings; than 6 months. (k) The elevation of the floor at in- (b) Temporary notations shall in- tervals of not more than 200 feet in: clude: (1) At least one entry of each work- (1) The location of each working face ing section, and main and cross entries; of each working place; (2) The last line of open crosscuts of (2) Pillars mined or other such second each working section, and main and mining; cross entries before such sections and (3) Permanent ventilation controls main and cross entries are abandoned; constructed or removed, such as seals, (3) Rooms advancing toward or adja- overcasts, undercasts, regulators, and cent to property or boundary lines or permanent stoppings, and the direction adjacent mines; of air currents indicated;
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(4) Escapeways designated by means § 75.1204–1 Places to give notice and of symbols. file maps. Operators shall give notice of mine § 75.1203 Availability of mine map. closures and file copies of maps with [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] the Coal Mine Safety District Office for the district in which the mine is lo- The coal mine map and any revision cated. and supplement thereof shall be avail- able for inspection by the Secretary or [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 his authorized representative, by coal FR 33723, June 29, 1995] mine inspectors of the State in which the mine is located, by miners in the Subpart N—Explosives and mine and their representatives and by Blasting operators of adjacent coal mines and by persons owning, leasing, or residing SOURCE: 53 FR 46786, Nov. 18, 1988, unless on surface areas of such mines or areas otherwise noted. adjacent to such mines. The operator shall furnish to the Secretary or his § 75.1300 Definitions. authorized representative and to the The following definitions apply in Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel- this subpart. opment, upon request, one or more cop- Approval. A document issued by ies of such maps and any revision and MSHA which states that an explosive supplement thereof. Such map or revi- or explosive unit has met the require- sion and supplement thereof shall be ments of this part and which author- kept confidential and its contents shall izes an approval marking identifying not be divulged to any other person, the explosive or explosive unit as ap- except to the extent necessary to carry proved as permissible. out the provisions of this Act and in Battery starting. The use of connection with the functions and re- unconfined explosives to start the flow sponsibilities of the Secretary of Hous- of coal down a breast or chute in an an- ing and Urban Development. thracite mine. Blasting off the solid. Blasting the § 75.1204 Mine closure; filing of map working face without providing a sec- with Secretary. ond free face by cutting, shearing or [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] other method before blasting. Instantaneous detonator. An electric Whenever an operator permanently detonator that fires within 6 milli- closes or abandons a coal mine, or tem- seconds after application of the firing porarily closes a coal mine for a period current. of more than 90 days, he shall promptly Laminated partition. A partition com- notify the Secretary of such closure. posed of the following material and Within 60 days of the permanent clo- minimum nominal dimensions: 1⁄2-inch sure or abandonment of the mine, or, thick plywood, 1⁄2-inch thick gypsum when the mine is temporarily closed, wall board, 1⁄8-inch thick low carbon upon the expiration of a period of 90 steel and 1⁄4-inch thick plywood, bonded days from the date of closure, the oper- together in that order. ator shall file with the Secretary a Opener hole. The first hole or holes copy of the mine map revised and sup- fired in a round blasted off the solid to plemented to the date of the closure. create an additional free face. Such copy of the mine map shall be Permissible blasting unit. A device that certified by a registered surveyor or has been approved by MSHA and that registered engineer of the State in is used for firing electric detonators. which the mine is located and shall be Permissible explosive. Any substance, available for public inspection. compound or mixture which is ap- [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 proved by MSHA and whose primary FR 33723, June 29, 1995] purpose is to function by explosion.
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Round. A group of boreholes fired or manner consistent with its approval. intended to be fired in a continuous se- Blasting units approved by MSHA that quence with one application of the fir- have approval labels specifying use ing current. with short-delay detonators with delay Sheathed explosive unit. A device con- periods between 25–500 milliseconds are sisting of an approved or permissible accepted to fire short-delay detonators explosive covered by a sheath encased up to 1,000 milliseconds, instantaneous in a sealed covering and designed to be detonators and long period delay deto- fired outside the confines of a borehole. nators for anthracite mines. Short-delay electric detonator. An elec- (d) Permissible explosives and tric detonator with a designated delay sheathed explosive units shall not be period of 25 to 1,000 milliseconds. used underground when they are below the minimum product firing tempera- § 75.1301 Qualified person. ture specified by the approval. Explo- (a) A qualified person under this sub- sives previously approved which do not part is a person who— specify a minimum firing temperature (1) Is certified or qualified to use ex- are permissible for use so long as the plosives by the State in which the mine present approval is maintained. is located provided that the State re- (e) Electric detonators shall be com- quires a demonstration of ability to patible with the blasting unit and have safely use permissible explosives as sufficient strength to initiate the ex- prescribed by this subpart effective plosives being used. January 17, 1989; or (2) In States that do not certify or § 75.1311 Transporting explosives and qualify persons to use explosives re- detonators. quired by this section, has at least 1 (a) When explosives and detonators year of experience working in an un- are to be transported underground— derground coal mine that includes di- (1) They shall be enclosed in sepa- rect involvement with procedures for rate, substantially constructed con- handling, loading, and preparing explo- tainers made of nonconductive mate- sives for blasting and demonstrates to rial, with no metal or other conductive an authorized representative of the materials exposed inside, except as Secretary the ability to use permis- specified in paragraph (d) of this sec- sible explosives safely. tion; and (b) Persons qualified or certified by a (2) Each container of explosives and State to use permissible explosives in of detonators shall be indelibly marked underground coal mines as of May 17, with a readily visible warning identify- 1989, are considered qualified under this ing the contents. section even though their State pro- (b) When explosives and detonators gram did not contain a demonstration are transported by any cars or vehi- of ability requirement. cles— [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 56 (1) The cars or vehicles shall be FR 51616, Oct. 11, 1991; 60 FR 33723, June 29, marked with warnings to identify the 1995] contents as explosive. The warnings shall be readily visible to miners ap- § 75.1310 Explosives and blasting proaching from any direction and in in- equipment. delible letters; (a) Only permissible explosives, ap- (2) Explosives and detonators shall be proved sheathed explosive units, and transported either in separate cars or permissible blasting units shall be vehicles, or if in the same cars or vehi- taken or used underground. cles as follows: (b) Black blasting powder, alu- (i) Class A and Class C detonators in minum-cased detonators, aluminum- quantities greater than 1,000 shall be alloy-cased detonators, detonators kept in the original containers as with aluminum leg wires, and safety shipped from the manufacturer and fuses shall not be taken or used under- separated from explosives by a hard- ground. wood partition at least 4 inches thick, (c) Explosives shall be fired only with a laminated partition or equivalent; a permissible blasting unit used in a and
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(ii) Class A and Class C detonators in (ii) Separated by a laminated parti- quantities of no more than 1,000 shall tion; or be separated from explosives by a hard- (iii) Separated by a device that is wood partition at least 4 inches thick, equivalent. a laminated partition or equivalent. (c) Only explosives and detonators (3) No persons, other than those nec- shall be kept in underground maga- essary to operate the equipment or to zines. accompany the explosives and deto- (d) Magazines shall be substantially nators, shall be transported with explo- constructed and all interior surfaces sives and detonators, and shall be made of nonconductive mate- (4) When explosives and detonators rial, with no metal or other conductive are transported using trolley loco- material exposed inside. motives— (e) All magazines shall be— (i) Trips carrying explosives and det- onators shall be separated from all (1) Located at least 25 feet from road- other mantrips by at least a 5-minute ways and any source of electric cur- interval; and rent; (ii) Cars containing explosives or det- (2) Located out of the direct line of onators shall be separated from the lo- the forces from blasting; and comotives by at least one car that is (3) Kept as dry as practicable. empty or that contains noncombustible (f) Magazine locations shall be posted materials. with indelibly marked and readily visi- (c) When explosives and detonators ble warnings indicating the presence of are transported on conveyor belts— explosives. (1) Containers of explosives shall be (g) Only materials and equipment to separated from containers of deto- be used in blasting shall be stored at nators by at least 50 feet; magazine locations. (2) At least 6 inches of clearance shall be maintained between the top of any § 75.1313 Explosives and detonators container of explosives or container of outside of magazines. detonators and the mine roof or other (a) The quantity of explosives outside obstruction; a magazine for use in a working section (3) Except when persons are riding or other area where blasting is to be the belt to accompany explosives or performed shall— detonators, a person shall be at each (1) Not exceed 100 pounds; or transfer point between belts and at the (2) Not exceed the amount necessary unloading location; and to blast one round when more than 100 (4) Conveyor belts shall be stopped pounds of explosives is required. before explosives or detonators are loaded or unloaded. (b) Explosives and detonators outside (d) When explosives and detonators a magazine that are not being trans- are transported by hand they shall be ported or prepared for loading carried in separate, nonconductive, boreholes shall be kept in closed sepa- closed containers. rate containers made of nonconductive material with no metal or other con- § 75.1312 Explosives and detonators in ductive material exposed inside and underground magazines. the containers shall be— (a) The quantity of explosives kept (1) At least 15 feet from any source of underground shall not be more than is electric current; needed for 48 hours of use. (2) Out of the direct line of the forces (b) Except as provided in § 75.1313, ex- from blasting; plosives and detonators taken under- (3) In a location to prevent damage ground shall be kept in— by mobile equipment; and (1) Separate, closed magazines at (4) Kept as dry as practicable. least 5 feet apart; or (c) Explosives and detonators not (2) The same closed magazine when— used during the shift shall be returned (i) Separated by a hardwood partition to a magazine by the end of the shift. at least 4 inches thick; or
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§ 75.1314 Sheathed explosive units. (f) When coal is cut for blasting, the (a) A separate instantaneous deto- coal shall be supported if necessary to nator shall be used to fire each maintain the stability of the column of sheathed explosive unit. explosives in each borehole. (b) Sheathed explosive units shall be § 75.1316 Preparation before blasting. primed and placed in position for firing only by a qualified person or a person (a)(1) All nonbattery-powered electric working in the presence of and under equipment, including cables, located the direction of a qualified person. To within 50 feet from boreholes to be prime a sheathed explosive unit, the loaded with explosives or the sites entire detonator shall be inserted into where sheathed explosive units are to the detonator well of the unit and be be placed and fired shall be deenergized held securely in place. or removed to at least 50 feet from (c) Sheathed explosive units shall not these locations before priming of explo- be primed until immediately before the sives. Battery-powered equipment shall units are placed where they are to be be removed to at least 50 feet from fired. A sheathed explosive unit shall these locations before priming of explo- not be primed if it is damaged or dete- sives. riorated. (2) As an alternative to paragraph (d) Except in anthracite mines, rock (a)(1) of this section, electric equip- dust shall be applied to the roof, ribs ment, including cables, need not be de- and floor within a 40–foot radius of the location where the sheathed explosive energized or removed if located at least units are to be fired. 25 feet from these locations provided (e) No more than three sheathed ex- stray current tests conducted prior to plosive units shall be fired at one time. priming the explosives detect stray (f) No sheathed explosive unit shall currents of 0.05 ampere or less through be fired in contact with another a 1-ohm resistor. sheathed explosive unit. (i) Tests shall be made at floor loca- tions on the perimeter, on energized § 75.1315 Boreholes for explosives. equipment frames and on repaired (a) All explosives fired underground areas of energized cables within the shall be confined in boreholes except— area between 25 to 50 feet from the lo- (1) Sheathed explosives units and cations where the explosives are to be other explosive units approved by primed. MSHA for firing outside the confines of (ii) Tests shall be conducted using a a borehole; and blasting multimeter or other instru- (2) Shots fired in anthracite mines ment specifically designed for such use. for battery starting or for blasting coal (3) The blasting cable or detonator overhangs. No person shall go inside a circuitry shall not come in contact battery to start the flow of material. with energized electric equipment, in- (b) Each borehole in coal for explo- cluding cables. sives shall be at least 24 inches from (b) Before loading boreholes with ex- any other borehole and from any free plosives, each borehole shall be cleared face, unless prohibited by the thickness and its depth and direction determined. of the coal seam. (c) No borehole drilled beyond the (c) Each borehole in rock for explo- depth of cut coal shall be loaded with sives shall be at least 18 inches from explosives unless that portion of the any other borehole in rock, at least 24 borehole deeper than the cut is tamped inches from any other borehole in coal, with noncombustible material. and at least 18 inches from any free (d) When two working faces are ap- face. proaching each other, cutting, drilling (d) No borehole that has contained and blasting shall be done at only one explosives shall be used for starting working face at a time if the two faces any other hole. are within 25 feet of each other. (e) When blasting slab rounds off the solid, opener holes shall not be drilled [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 56 beyond the rib line. FR 51616, Oct. 11, 1991]
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§ 75.1317 Primer cartridges. (f) Explosives of different brands, types or cartridge diameters shall not (a) Primer cartridges shall be primed be loaded in the same borehole. and loaded only by a qualified person or a person working in the presence of (g) Only nonconductive, nonsparking and under the direction of a qualified tamping poles shall be used for loading person. and tamping boreholes. The use of non- sparking connecting devices for ex- (b) Primer cartridges shall not be tendable tamping poles is permitted. primed until immediately before load- ing boreholes. [53 FR 46786, Nov. 18, 1988; 54 FR 888, Jan. 10, (c) Only a nonsparking punch shall be 1989] used when priming explosive car- tridges. § 75.1319 Weight of explosives per- (d) Detonators shall be completely mitted in boreholes in bituminous and lignite mines. within and parallel to the length of the cartridge and shall be secured by half- (a) The total weight of explosives hitching the leg wires around the car- loaded in any borehole in bituminous tridge or secured by an equally effec- and lignite mines shall not exceed 3 tive method. pounds except when blasting solid rock in its natural deposit. § 75.1318 Loading boreholes. (b) The total weight of explosives (a) Explosives shall be loaded by a loaded in a borehole less than 6 feet qualified person or a person working in deep in bituminous and lignite mines the presence of and under the direction shall be reduced by 1⁄2 pound for each of a qualified person. foot of borehole less than 6 feet. (b) When boreholes are being loaded, § 75.1320 Multiple-shot blasting. no other work except that necessary to protect persons shall be done in the (a) No more than 20 boreholes shall working place or other area where be fired in a round unless permitted in blasting is to be performed. writing by the District Manager under (c) When loading boreholes drilled at § 75.1321. an angle of 45 degrees or greater from (b) Instantaneous detonators shall the horizontal in solid rock or loading not be used in the same circuit with long holes drilled upward in anthracite delay detonators in any underground mines— coal mine. (1) The first cartridge in each bore- (c) In bituminous and lignite mines, hole shall be the primer cartridge with only detonators with delay periods of the end of the cartridge containing the 1,000 milliseconds or less shall be used. detonator facing the back of the bore- (d) When blasting in anthracite hole; and mines, each borehole in a round shall (2) The explosive cartridges shall be be initiated in sequence from the open- loaded in a manner that provides con- er hole or holes. tact between each cartridge in the (e) Arrangement of detonator delay borehole. periods for bituminous and lignite (d) When loading other boreholes— mines shall be as follows: (1) The primer cartridge shall be the (1) When blasting cut coal— first cartridge loaded in the borehole; (i) The first shot or shots fired in a (2) The end of the cartridge in which round shall be initiated in the row the detonator is inserted shall face the nearest the kerf or the row or rows back of the borehole; and nearest the shear; and (3) The primer cartridge and other (ii) After the first shot or shots, the explosives shall be pushed to the back interval between the designated delay of the borehole in a continuous column periods of successive shots shall be at with no cartridge being deliberately least 50 milliseconds but not more than crushed or deformed. 100 milliseconds. (e) An explosive shall not be loaded (2) When blasting coal off the solid— into a borehole if it is damaged, dete- (i) Each shot in the round shall be riorated or if the cartridge is incom- initiated in sequence from the opener pletely filled. hole or holes; and
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(ii) After the first shot or shots, the units will create any of the following interval between the designated delay development or construction hazards: periods of successive shots shall be at (1) Exposure to disturbed roof in an least 50 milliseconds but not more than adjacent cavity while scaling and sup- 100 milliseconds. porting the remaining roof prior to wiring a new series of boreholes; § 75.1321 Permits for firing more than (2) Exposure to underburden 20 boreholes and for use of non- boreholes where prior rounds have re- permissible blasting units. moved the burden adjacent to a re- (a) Applications for permits for firing maining borehole; more than 20 boreholes in a round and (3) Exposure to an unsupported roof for the use of nonpermissible blasting while redrilling large fragmented roof units shall be submitted in writing to rock following the loss of predrilled the District Manager for the district in boreholes during earlier blasting oper- which the mine is located and shall ations; or contain the following information: (4) Any other hazard created by the use of permissible blasting units during (1) The name and address of the mine; underground development or construc- (2) The active workings in the mine tion. affected by the permit and the approxi- (c) Permits shall be issued on a mine- mate number of boreholes to be fired; by-mine basis for periods of time to be (3) The period of time during which specified by the District Manager. the permit will apply; (d) Permits issued under this section (4) The nature of the development or shall specify and include as a condition construction for which they will be of their use, any safeguards, in addi- used, e.g., overcasts, undercasts, track tion to those proposed by the operator, grading, roof brushing or boom holes; which the District Manager issuing (5) A plan, proposed by the operator such permit has determined will be re- designed to protect miners in the mine quired to ensure the welfare of the from the hazards of methane and other miners employed in the mine at the explosive gases during each multiple time of the blasting permitted. shot, e.g., changes in the mine ventila- [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 tion system, provisions for auxiliary FR 33723, June 29, 1995] ventilation and any other safeguards necessary to minimize such hazards; § 75.1322 Stemming boreholes (6) A statement of the specific haz- (a) Only noncombustible material ards anticipated by the operator in shall be used for stemming boreholes. blasting for overcasts, undercasts, (b) Stemming materials other than track grading, brushing of roof, boom water stemming bags shall be tamped holes or other unusual blasting situa- to fill the entire cross sectional area of tions such as coalbeds of abnormal the borehole. thickness; and (c) Stemming material shall contact (7) The method to be employed to the explosive cartridge nearest the col- avoid the dangers anticipated during lar of the borehole. development or construction which (d) Each borehole 4 or more feet deep will ensure the protection of life and shall be stemmed for at least 24 inches. the prevention of injuries to the miners (e) Each borehole less than 4 feet exposed to such underground blasting. deep shall be stemmed for at least half (b) The District Manager may permit the depth of the borehole. the firing of more than 20 boreholes of (f) When blasting off the solid in bitu- permissible explosives in a round where minous and lignite mines, only pliable he has determined that it is necessary clay dummies shall be used for stem- to reduce the overall hazard to which ming. miners are exposed during underground (g) The diameter of a water stem- blasting. He may also permit the use of ming bag shall be within 1⁄4 of an inch nonpermissible blasting units if he of the diameter of the drill bit used to finds that a permissible blasting unit drill the borehole. does not have adequate blasting capac- (h) Water stemming bags shall be ity and that the use of such permissible constructed of tear-resistant and
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flame-resistant material and be capa- § 75.1324 Methane concentration and ble of withstanding a 3-foot drop when tests. filled without rupturing or developing (a) No shot shall be fired in an area leaks. that contains 1.0 volume percent or more of methane. § 75.1323 Blasting circuits. (b) Immediately before shots are (a) Blasting circuits shall be pro- fired, the methane concentration in a tected from sources of stray electric working place or any other area where current. blasting is to be performed, shall be de- (b) Detonators made by different termined by a person qualified to test manufacturers shall not be combined for methane. in the same blasting circuit. (c) Detonator leg wires shall be § 75.1325 Firing procedures. shunted until connected into the blast- (a) Shots shall be fired by a qualified ing circuit. person or a person working in the pres- (d) Blasting cables shall be— ence of and under the direction of a (1) Well insulated, copper wire of a qualified person. diameter not smaller than 18-gauge; (b) Only one face in a working place and shall be blasted at a time, except that (2) Long enough to permit the round when blasting cut coal up to three to be fired from a safe location that is faces may be blasted in a round if each around at least one corner from the face has a separate kerf and no more blasting area. than a total of 20 shots connected in a (e) Blasting cables shall be shunted single series are fired in the round. A until immediately before firing, except permit to fire more than 20 boreholes when testing for circuit continuity. in a round under the provisions of 30 (f) Wire used between the blasting CFR 75.1320 and 75.1321 may not be ob- tained for use when blasting multiple cable and detonator circuitry shall— faces. (1) Be undamaged; (c) Before blasting— (2) Be well insulated; (1) All persons shall leave the blast- (3) Have a resistance no greater than ing area and each immediately adja- 20-gauge copper wire; and cent working place where a hazard (4) Be not more than 30 feet long. would be created by the blast, to an (g) Each wire connection in a blast- area that is around at least one corner ing circuit shall be— from the blasting area; (1) Properly spliced; and (2) The qualified person shall ascer- (2) Separated from other connections tain that all persons are a safe distance in the circuit to prevent accidental from the blasting area; and contact and arcing. (3) A warning shall be given and ade- (h) Uninsulated connections in each quate time allowed for persons to re- blasting circuit shall be kept out of spond. water and shall not contact the coal, (d) All shots shall be fired promptly, roof, ribs, or floor. after all persons have been removed to (i) When 20 or fewer boreholes are a safe location. fired in a round, the blasting circuit [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 56 shall be wired in a single series. FR 51616, Oct. 11, 1991] (j) Immediately prior to firing, all blasting circuits shall be tested for § 75.1326 Examination after blasting. continuity and resistance using a (a) After blasting, the blasting area blasting galvanometer or other instru- shall not be entered until it is clear of ment specifically designed for testing smoke and dust. blasting circuits. (b) Immediately after the blasting [53 FR 46786, Nov. 18, 1988; 54 FR 27641, June area has cleared, a qualified person or 30, 1989] a person working in the presence of and
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under the direction of a qualified per- (c) Cages, platforms, or other devices son, shall examine the area for mis- used to transport persons in shafts and fires, methane and other hazardous slopes shall be equipped with safety conditions. catches or other no less effective de- (c) If a round has partially detonated, vices approved by the Secretary that the qualified person shall immediately act quickly and effectively in an emer- leave the area and no person shall reen- gency. Such catches or devices shall be ter the affected area for at least 5 min- tested at least once every two months. utes. (d) Hoisting equipment, including automatic elevators, used to transport § 75.1327 Misfires. persons shall be examined daily. (a) When misfires occur, only work (e) Where persons are transported by a qualified person to dispose of mis- into or out of a mine by a hoist, a fires and other work necessary to pro- qualified hoisting engineer shall be on tect persons shall be done in the af- duty while any person is underground. fected area. No such engineer, however, shall be re- (b) When a misfire cannot be disposed quired for automatically operated of— cages, platforms, or elevators. (1) A qualified person shall post each [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983] accessible entrance to the area affected by the hazard of the misfire with a § 75.1400–1 Hoists; brakes, capability. warning at a conspicuous location to Brakes on hoists used to transport prohibit entry; and persons shall be capable of stopping (2) The misfire shall be immediately and holding the fully loaded platform, reported to mine management. cage, or other device at any point in [53 FR 46786, Nov. 18, 1988; 54 FR 27641, June the shaft, slope, or incline. 30, 1989] § 75.1400–2 Hoists; tests of safety § 75.1328 Damaged or deteriorated ex- catches; records. plosives and detonators. A record shall be made in a book of (a) Damaged explosives or detonators the tests, required by § 75.1400, of the shall be— safety catches or other devices ap- (1) Placed in separate containers con- proved by the Secretary. Each entry structed of nonconductive and non- shall be signed by the person making sparking materials; and the tests and countersigned by a re- (2) Removed from the mine or placed sponsible official. in a magazine and removed when the magazine is resupplied. § 75.1400–3 Daily examination of hoist- (b) Damaged detonators shall be ing equipment. shunted, if practicable, either before Hoists and elevators shall be exam- being removed from the mine or placed ined daily and such examinations shall in a magazine. include, but not be limited to, the fol- (c) Deteriorated explosives and deto- lowing: nators shall be handled and disposed of (a) Elevators. A visual examination of in accordance with the instructions of the rope for wear, broken wires, and the manufacturer. corrosion, especially at excessive strain points such as near the attach- Subpart O—Hoisting and Mantrips ments and where the rope rests on sheaves; § 75.1400 Hoisting equipment; general. (b) Hoists and elevators. (1) An exam- (a) Every hoist used to transport per- ination of the rope fastenings for de- sons shall be equipped with overspeed, fects; overwind, and automatic stop controls. (2) An examination of safety catches; (b) Every hoist handling a platform, (3) An examination of the cages, plat- cage, or other device used to transport forms, elevators, or other devices for persons shall be equipped with brakes loose, missing or defective parts; capable of stopping the fully loaded (4) An examination of the head platform, cage, or other device. sheaves to check for broken flanges,
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defective bearings, rope alignment, and § 75.1402–2 Tests of signaling systems. proper lubrication; and Signaling systems used for commu- (5) An observation of the lining and nication between shaft stations and the all other equipment and appurtenances hoist room shall be tested daily. installed in the shaft. [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983] § 75.1403 Other safeguards.
§ 75.1400–4 Certifications and records [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] of daily examinations. Other safeguards adequate, in the At the completion of each daily ex- judgment of an authorized representa- amination required by § 75.1400, the per- tive of the Secretary, to minimize haz- son making the examination shall cer- ards with respect to transportation of tify, by signature and date, that the men and materials shall be provided. examination has been made. If any un- safe condition is found during the ex- § 75.1403–1 General criteria. aminations required by § 75.1400–3, the (a) Sections 75.1403–2 through 75.1403– person conducting the examination 11 set out the criteria by which an au- shall make a record of the condition thorized representative of the Sec- and the date. Certifications and records retary will be guided in requiring other shall be retained for one year. safeguards on a mine-by-mine basis under § 75.1403. Other safeguards may [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983, as amended at 60 be required. FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (b) The authorized representative of § 75.1401 Hoists; rated capacities; indi- the Secretary shall in writing advise cators. the operator of a specific safeguard which is required pursuant to § 75.1403 Hoists shall have rated capacities and shall fix a time in which the opera- consistent with the loads handled. An tor shall provide and thereafter main- accurate and reliable indicator of the tain such safeguard. If the safeguard is position of the cage, platform, skip, not provided within the time fixed and bucket, or cars shall be provided. if it is not maintained thereafter, a no- [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983] tice shall be issued to the operator pur- suant to section 104 of the Act. § 75.1401–1 Hoists; indicators. (c) Nothing in the sections in the The indicator required by § 75.1401 of § 75.1403 series in this Subpart O pre- this subpart shall be placed so that it cludes the issuance of a withdrawal is in clear view of the hoisting engineer order because of imminent danger. and shall be checked daily to deter- § 75.1403–2 Criteria—Hoists transport- mine its accuracy. ing materials; brakes. [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983] Hoists and elevators used to trans- port materials should be equipped with § 75.1402 Communication between brakes capable of stopping and holding shaft stations and hoist room. the fully loaded platform, cage, skip, [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] car, or other device at any point in the shaft, slope, or incline. There shall be at least two effective methods approved by the Secretary of § 75.1403–3 Criteria—Drum clutch; signaling between each of the shaft sta- cage construction. tions and the hoist room, one of which (a) The clutch of a free-drum on a shall be a telephone or speaking tube. personnel hoist should be provided with a locking mechanism or interlocked § 75.1402–1 Communication between with the brake to prevent accidental shaft stations and hoist room. withdrawal of the clutch. One of the methods used to commu- (b) Cages used for hoisting persons nicate between shaft stations and the should be constructed with the sides hoist room shall give signals which can enclosed to a height of at least six feet be heard by the hoisting engineer at all and should have gates, safety chains, times while men are underground. or bars across the ends of the cage
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when persons are being hoisted or low- jection when measured from the edge ered. of the belt and there should be at least (c) Self-dumping cages, platforms, or 36 inches of side clearance where men other devices used for transportation of board or leave such belt conveyors. persons should have a locking device to (d) When men are being transported prevent tilting when persons are trans- on regularly scheduled mantrips on ported. belt conveyors the belt speed should (d) An attendant should be on duty at not exceed 300 feet per minute when the surface when persons are being the vertical clearance is less than 24 hoisted or lowered at the beginning and inches, and should not exceed 350 feet end of each shift. per minute when the vertical clearance (e) Precautions should be taken to is 24 inches or more. protect persons working in shaft (e) Adequate illumination including sumps. colored lights or reflective signs should (f) Workers should wear safety belts be installed at all loading and unload- while doing work in or over shafts. ing stations. Such colored lights and [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983] reflective signs should be so located as to be observable to all persons riding § 75.1403–4 Criteria—Automatic ele- the belt conveyor. vators. (f) After supplies have been trans- (a) The doors of automatic elevators ported on belt conveyors such belts should be equipped with interlocking should be examined for unsafe condi- switches so arranged that the elevator tions prior to the transportation of car will be immovable while any door men on regularly scheduled mantrips, is opened or unlocked, and arranged so and belt conveyors should be clear be- that such door or doors cannot be inad- fore men are transported. vertently opened when the elevator car (g) A clear travelway at least 24 is not at a landing. inches wide should be provided on both (b) A ‘‘Stop’’ switch should be pro- sides of all belt conveyors installed vided in the automatic elevator com- after March 30, 1970. Where roof sup- partment that will permit the elevator ports are installed within 24 inches of a to be stopped at any location in the belt conveyor, a clear travelway at shaft. least 24 inches wide should be provided (c) A slack cable device should be on the side of such support farthest used where appropriate on automatic from the conveyor. elevators which will automatically (h) On belt conveyors that do not shut-off the power and apply the transport men, stop and start controls brakes in the event the elevator is ob- should be installed at intervals not to structed while descending. exceed 1,000 feet. Such controls should (d) Each automatic elevator should be properly installed and positioned so be provided with a telephone or other as to be readily accessible. effective communication system by (i) Telephone or other suitable com- which aid or assistance can be obtained munications should be provided at promptly. points where men or supplies are regu- larly loaded on or unloaded from the § 75.1403–5 Criteria—Belt conveyors. belt conveyors. (a) Positive-acting stop controls (j) Persons should not cross moving should be installed along all belt con- belt conveyors, except where suitable veyors used to transport men, and such crossing facilities are provided. controls should be readily accessible and maintained so that the belt can be § 75.1403–6 Criteria—Self-propelled stopped or started at any location. personnel carriers. (b) Belt conveyors used for regularly (a) Each self-propelled personnel car- scheduled mantrips should be stopped rier should: while men are loading or unloading. (1) Be provided with an audible warn- (c) All belt conveyors used for the ing device; transportation of persons should have a (2) Be provided with a sealed-beam minimum vertical clearance of 18 headlight, or its equivalent, on each inches from the nearest overhead pro- end;
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(3) Be provided with reflectors on (i) [Reserved] both ends and sides. (j) Mantrips should not be permitted (b) In addition, each track-mounted to proceed until the operator of the self-propelled personnel carrier should: mantrip is assured that he has a clear (1) Be provided with a suitable lifting road. jack and bar, which shall be secured or (k) Supplies or tools, except small carried in a tool compartment; hand tools or instruments, should not (2) Be equipped with 2 separate and be transported with men. independent braking systems properly (l) At places where men enter or installed and well maintained; leave mantrip conveyances, ample (3) Be equipped with properly in- clearance should be provided and provi- stalled and well-maintained sanding sions made to prevent persons from devices, except that personnel carriers coming in contact with energized elec- (jitneys), which transport not more tric circuits. than 5 men, need not be equipped with (m) The mine car next to a trolley lo- such sanding device; comotive should not be used to trans- (4) If an open type, be equipped with port men. Such cars may be used to guards of sufficient strength and transport small tools and supplies. height to prevent personnel from being This is not to be construed as permit- thrown from such carriers. ting the transportation of large or bulky supplies such as shuttle car § 75.1403–7 Criteria—Mantrips. wheel units, or similar material. (a) Mantrips should be operated inde- (n) Drop-bottom cars used to trans- pendently of any loaded trip, empty port men should have the bottoms se- trip, or supply trip and should not be cured with an additional locking de- operated within 300 feet of any trip, in- vice. cluding another mantrip. (o) Extraneous materials or supplies (b) A sufficient number of mantrip should not be transported on top of cars should be provided to prevent equipment; however, materials and overcrowding of men. supplies that are necessary for or relat- (c) Mantrips should not be pushed. ed to the operation of such equipment (d) Where mantrips are operated by may be transported on top of such locomotives on slopes such mantrips equipment if a hazard is not intro- should be coupled to the front and rear duced. by locomotives capable of holding such [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 53 mantrips. Where ropes are used on FR 46786, Nov. 18, 1988] slopes for mantrip haulage, such con- veyances should be connected by § 75.1403–8 Criteria—Track haulage chains, steel ropes, or other effective roads. devices between mantrip cars and the (a) The speed at which haulage equip- rope. ment is operated should be determined (e) Safety goggles or eyeshields by the condition of the roadbed, rails, should be provided for all persons being rail joints, switches, frogs, and other transported in open-type mantrips. elements of the track and the type and (f) All trips, including trailers and condition of the haulage equipment. sleds, should be operated at speeds con- (b) Track haulage roads should have sistent with conditions and the equip- a continuous clearance on one side of ment used, and should be so controlled at least 24 inches from the farthest pro- that they can be stopped within the jection of normal traffic. Where it is limits of visibility. necessary to change the side on which (g) All mantrips should be under the clearance is provided, 24 inches of direction of a supervisor and the opera- clearance should be provided on both tor of each mantrip should be familiar sides for a distance of not less than 100 with the haulage safety rules and regu- feet and warning signs should be posted lations. at such locations. (h) Men should proceed in an orderly (c) Track haulage roads developed manner to and from mantrips and no after March 30, 1970, should have clear- person should be permitted to get on or ance on the ‘‘tight’’ side of at least 12 off a moving mantrip. inches from the farthest projection of
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normal traffic. A minimum clearance machines, on cars being handled at of 6 inches should be maintained on the loading heads, during gathering oper- ‘‘tight’’ side of all track haulage roads ations at working faces, when trailing developed prior to March 30, 1970. locomotives are used, or on trips pulled (d) The clearance space on all track by animals. haulage roads should be kept free of (b) Cars on main haulage roads loose rock, supplies, and other loose should not be pushed, except where materials. necessary to push cars from side tracks (e) Positive stopblocks or derails located near the working section to the should be installed on all tracks near producing entries and rooms, where the top and at landings of shafts, necessary to clear switches and slopes, and surface inclines. sidetracks, and on the approach to cages, slopes, and surface inclines. § 75.1403–9 Criteria—Shelter holes. (c) Warning lights or reflective signs (a) Shelter holes should be provided or tapes should be installed along haul- on track haulage roads at intervals of age roads at locations of abrupt or sud- not more than 105 feet unless otherwise den changes in the overhead clearance. approved by the Coal Mine Safety Dis- (d) No person, other than the motor- trict Manager(s). man and brakeman, should ride on a lo- (b) Shelter holes should be readily comotive unless authorized by the accessible and should be at least 5 feet mine foreman, and then only when safe in depth, not more than 4 feet in width riding facilities are provided. No per- (except crosscuts used as shelter holes) son should ride on any loaded car or on and at least the height of the coal seam the bumper of any car. However, the where the coal seam is less than 6 feet brakeman may ride on the rear bumper high and at least 6 feet in height where of the last car of a slow moving trip the coal seam is 6 feet or more in pulled by a locomotive. height. (e) Positive-acting stopblocks or de- (c) Shelter holes should be kept free rails should be used where necessary to of refuse and other obstructions. Cross- protect persons from danger of run- cuts used as shelter holes should be away haulage equipment. kept free of refuse or other materials (f) An audible warning should be to a depth of at least 15 feet. given by the operator of all self-pro- (d) Shelter holes should be provided pelled equipment including off-track at all manually operated doors and at equipment, where persons may be en- switch throws except: (1) At room dangered by the movement of the switches, or (2) at switches where more equipment. than 6 feet of side clearance is pro- vided. The Coal Mine Safety District (g) Locomotives and personnel car- Manager(s) may permit exemption of riers should not approach to within 300 this requirement if such shelter holes feet of preceding haulage equipment, create a hazardous roof condition. except trailing locomotives that are an (e) At each underground slope land- integral part of the trip. ing where men pass and cars are han- (h) A total of at least 36 inches of un- dled, a shelter hole at least 10 feet in obstructed side clearance (both sides depth, 4 feet in width, and 6 feet in combined) should be provided for all height should be provided. rubber-tired haulage equipment where such equipment is used. § 75.1403–10 Criteria—Haulage; gen- (i) Off-track haulage roadways should eral. be maintained as free as practicable (a) A permissible trip light or other from bottom irregularities, debris, and approved device such as reflectors, ap- wet or muddy conditions that affect proved by the Coal Mine Safety Dis- the control of the equipment. trict Manager(s), should be used on the (j) Operators of self-propelled equip- rear of trips pulled, on the front of ment should face in the direction of trips pushed and on trips lowered in travel. slopes. However, trip lights or other (k) Mechanical steering and control approved devices need not be used on devices should be maintained so as to cars being shifted to and from loading provide positive control at all times.
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(l) All self-propelled rubber-tired in use in a mine on March 30, 1970, shall haulage equipment should be equipped also be so equipped within 4 years after with well maintained brakes, lights, March 30, 1970. and a warning device. (m) On and after March 30, 1971, all § 75.1405–1 Automatic couplers, haul- tram control switches on rubber-tired age equipment. equipment should be designed to pro- The requirement of § 75.1405 with re- vide automatic return to the stop or off spect to automatic couplers applies position when released. only to track haulage cars which are regularly coupled and uncoupled. § 75.1403–11 Criteria—Entrances to shafts and slopes. WIRE ROPES All open entrances to shafts should be equipped with safety gates at the SOURCE: Sections 75.1429 through 75.1438 ap- top and at each landing. Such gates pear at 48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983, unless oth- erwise noted. should be self-closing and should be kept closed except when the cage is at § 75.1429 Guide ropes. such landing. If guide ropes are used in shafts for § 75.1404 Automatic brakes; speed re- personnel hoisting applications other duction gear. than shaft development, the nominal strength (manufacturer’s published [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] catalog strength) of the guide rope at Each locomotive and haulage car installation shall meet the minimum used in an underground coal mine shall value calculated as follows: Minimum × be equipped with automatic brakes, value=Static Load 5.0. where space permits. Where space does § 75.1430 Wire ropes; scope. not permit automatic brakes, loco- motives and haulage cars shall be sub- (a) Sections 75.1430 through 75.1438 ject to speed reduction gear, or other apply to wire ropes in service used to similar devices approved by the Sec- hoist— retary, which are designed to stop the (1) Persons in shafts or slopes under- locomotives and haulage cars with the ground; or proper margin of safety. (2) Loads in shaft or slope develop- ment when persons work below the sus- § 75.1404–1 Braking system. pended loads. A locomotive equipped with a dual (b) These standards do not apply to braking system will be deemed to sat- wire ropes used for elevators. isfy the requirements of § 75.1404 for a § 75.1431 Minimum rope strength. train comprised of such locomotive and haulage cars, provided the locomotive At installation, the nominal strength is operated within the limits of its de- (manufacturer’s published catalog sign capabilities and at speeds consist- strength) of wire ropes used for hoist- ent with the condition of the haulage ing shall meet the minimum rope road. A trailing locomotive or equiva- strength values obtained by the follow- lent devices should be used on trains ing formulas in which ‘‘L’’ equals the that are operated on ascending grades. maximum suspended rope length in feet: § 75.1405 Automatic couplers. (a) Winding drum ropes (all construc- tions, including rotation resistant). [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] For rope lengths less than 3,000 feet: All haulage equipment acquired by Minimum Value=Static Load×(7.0—0.001L) an operator of a coal mine on or after For rope lengths 3,000 feet or greater: × March 30, 1971, shall be equipped with Minimum Value=Static Load 4.0 automatic couplers which couple by (b) Friction drum ropes. impact and uncouple without the ne- For rope lengths less than 4,000 feet: cessity of persons going between the Minimum Value=Static Load×(7.0—0.0005L) ends of such equipment. All haulage For rope lengths 4,000 feet or greater: equipment without automatic couplers Minimum Value=Static Load×5.0
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(c) Tail ropes (balance ropes). this section, the person making the ex- amination shall certify, by signature Minimum Value=Weight of Rope×7.0 and date, that the examination has [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983; 48 FR 54975, Dec. been made. If any condition listed in 8, 1983] paragraph (a) of this standard is § 75.1432 Initial measurement. present, the person conducting the ex- amination shall make a record of the After initial rope stretch but before condition and the date. Certifications visible wear occurs, the rope diameter and records of examinations shall be of newly installed wire ropes shall be retained for one year. measured at least once in every third (e) The person making the measure- interval of active length and the meas- ments or nondestructive tests as re- urements averaged to establish a base- quired by paragraph (c) of this section line for subsequent measurements. A shall record the measurements or test record of the measurements and the results and the date. This record shall date shall be made by the person tak- be retained until the rope is retired ing the measurements. This record from service. shall be retained until the rope is re- tired from service. [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] [48 FR 53239, Nov. 25, 1983, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] § 75.1434 Retirement criteria. § 75.1433 Examinations. Unless damage or deterioration is re- moved by cutoff, wire ropes shall be re- (a) At least once every fourteen cal- moved from service when any of the endar days, each wire rope in service following conditions occurs: shall be visually examined along its en- (a) The number of broken wires with- tire active length for visible structural in a rope lay length, excluding filler damage, corrosion, and improper lubri- wires, exceeds either— cation or dressing. In addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires (1) Five percent of the total number shall be made at stress points, includ- of wires; or ing the area near attachments, where (2) Fifteen percent of the total num- the rope rests on sheaves, where the ber of wires within any strand; rope leaves the drum, at drum cross- (b) On a regular lay rope, more than overs, and at change-of-layer regions. one broken wire in the valley between When any visible condition that results strands in one rope lay length; in a reduction of rope strength is (c) A loss of more than one-third of present, the affected portion of the the original diameter of the outer rope shall be examined on a daily basis. wires; (b) Before any person is hoisted with (d) Rope deterioriation from corro- a newly installed wire rope or any wire sion; rope that has not been examined in the (e) Distortion of the rope structure; previous fourteen calendar days, the (f) Heat damage from any source; wire rope shall be examined in accord- (g) Diameter reduction due to wear ance with paragraph (a) of this section. that exceeds six percent of the baseline (c) At least once every six months, diameter measurement; or nondestructive tests shall be conducted (h) Loss of more than ten percent of of the active length of the rope, or rope rope strength as determined by non- diameter measurements shall be destructive testing. made— (1) Wherever wear is evident; § 75.1435 Load end attachments. (2) Where the hoist rope rests on (a) Wire rope shall be attached to the sheaves at regular stopping points; load by a method that develops at least (3) Where the hoist rope leaves the 80 percent of the nominal strength of drum at regular stopping points; and the rope. (4) At drum crossover and change-of- (b) Except for terminations where use layer regions. of other materials is a design feature, (d) At the completion of each exam- zinc (spelter) shall be used for ination required by paragraph (a) of socketing wire ropes. Design feature
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means either the manufacturer’s origi- self-contained breathing equipment, an nal design or a design approved by a independent communication system to registered professional engineer. the surface, and proper accommoda- (c) Load end attachment methods tions for the persons while awaiting using splices are prohibited. rescue, and such other equipment as the Secretary may require. A plan for § 75.1436 Drum end attachment. the erection, maintenance, and revi- (a) For drum end attachment, wire sions of such chambers and the train- rope shall be attached— ing of the miners in their proper use (1) Securely by clips after making shall be submitted by the operator to one full turn around the drum spoke; the Secretary for his approval. (2) Securely by clips after making one full turn around the shaft, if the Subpart Q—Communications drum is fixed to the shaft; or (3) By properly assembled anchor § 75.1600 Communications. bolts, clamps, or wedges, provided that the attachment is a design feature of [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] the hoist drum. Design feature means either the manufacturer’s original de- Telephone service or equivalent two- sign or a design approved by a reg- way communication facilities, ap- istered professional engineer. proved by the Secretary or his author- (b) A minimum of three full turns of ized representative, shall be provided wire rope shall be on the drum when between the surface and each landing the rope is extended to its maximum of main shafts and slopes and between working length. the surface and each working section of any coal mine that is more than 100 § 75.1437 End attachment retermi- feet from a portal. nation. Damaged or deteriorated wire rope § 75.1600–1 Communication facilities; shall be removed by cutoff and the rope main portals; installation require- ments. reterminated where there is— (a) More than one broken wire at an A telephone or equivalent two-way attachment; communication facility shall be lo- (b) Improper installation of an at- cated on the surface within 500 feet of tachment; all main portals, and shall be installed (c) Slippage at an attachment; or either in a building or in a box-like (d) Evidence of deterioration from structure designed to protect the facili- corrosion at an attachment. ties from damage by inclement weath- er. At least one of these communica- § 75.1438 End attachment replacement. tion facilities shall be at a location Wire rope attachments shall be re- where a responsible person who is al- placed when cracked, deformed, or ex- ways on duty when men are under- cessively worn. ground can hear the facility and re- spond immediately in the event of an Subpart P—Emergency Shelters emergency. [38 FR 29999, Oct. 31, 1973] § 75.1500 Emergency shelters. § 75.1600–2 Communication facilities; [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] working sections; installation and The Secretary or an authorized rep- maintenance requirements; audible resentative of the Secretary may pre- or visual alarms. scribe in any coal mine that rescue (a) Telephones or equivalent two-way chambers, properly sealed and venti- communication facilities provided at lated, be erected at suitable locations each working section shall be located in the mine to which persons may go in not more than 500 feet outby the last case of an emergency for protection open crosscut and not more than 800 against hazards. Such chambers shall feet from the farthest point of penetra- be properly equipped with first aid ma- tion of the working places on such sec- terials, an adequate supply of air and tion.
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(b) The incoming communication sig- § 75.1702 Smoking; prohibition. nal shall activate an audible alarm, distinguishable from the surrounding [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] noise level, or a visual alarm that can be seen by a miner regularly employed No person shall smoke, carry smok- on the working section. ing materials, matches, or lighters un- (c) If a communication system other derground, or smoke in or around oil than telephones is used and its oper- houses, explosives magazines, or other ation depends entirely upon power surface areas where such practice may from the mine electric system, means cause a fire or explosion. The operator shall be provided to permit continued shall institute a program, approved by communication in the event the mine the Secretary, to insure that any per- electric power fails or is cut off; pro- son entering the underground area of vided, however, that where trolley the mine does not carry smoking mate- phones and telephones are both used, rials, matches, or lighters. an alternate source of power for the trolley phone system is not required. [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (d) Trolley phones connected to the trolley wire shall be grounded in ac- § 75.1702–1 Smoking programs. cordance with Subpart H of this part. (e) Telephones or equivalent two-way Programs required under § 75.1702 communication facilities shall be shall be submitted to the Coal Mine maintained in good operating condi- Safety District Manager for approval tion at all times. In the event of any on or before May 30, 1970. failure in the system that results in loss of communication, repairs shall be § 75.1703 Portable electric lamps. started immediately, and the system restored to operating condition as soon [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] as possible. Persons underground shall use only [38 FR 29999, Oct. 31, 1973] permissible electric lamps approved by the Secretary for portable illumina- Subpart R—Miscellaneous tion. No open flame shall be permitted in the underground area of any coal § 75.1700 Oil and gas wells. mine, except as permitted under § 75.1106. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] § 75.1703–1 Permissible lamps. Each operator of a coal mine shall take reasonable measures to locate oil Lamps approved by the Bureau of and gas wells penetrating coalbeds or Mines or the Mine Safety and Health any underground area of a coal mine. Administration under Part 19 or Part When located, such operator shall es- 20 of this chapter (Bureau of Mines tablish and maintain barriers around Schedule 6D and Schedule 10C) are ap- such oil and gas wells in accordance proved lamps for the purposes of with State laws and regulations, except § 75.1703. that such barriers shall not be less than 300 feet in diameter, unless the § 75.1707–1 New working section. Secretary or his authorized representa- The term ‘‘new working section’’ as tive permits a lesser barrier consistent used in § 75.1707 means any extension of with the applicable State laws and reg- the belt or trolley haulage system in ulations where such lesser barrier will be adequate to protect against hazards main, cross, and room entries nec- from such wells to the miners in such essary for the development of the mine mine, or unless the Secretary or his au- on and after March 30, 1970. Room en- thorized representative requires a tries being developed as of March 30, greater barrier where the depth of the 1970, with certified stop line limita- mine, other geologic conditions, or tions as shown on the mine map and re- other factors warrant such a greater treating panels shall not be considered barrier. as new working sections.
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§ 75.1708 Surface structures, fireproof- from roof falls and from rib and face ing. rolls.
[STATUTORY PROVISIONS] [61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996] After March 30, 1970, all structures § 75.1710–1 Canopies or cabs; self-pro- erected on the surface within 100 feet of pelled diesel-powered and electric any mine opening shall be of fireproof face equipment; installation re- construction. Unless structures exist- quirements. ing on or prior to such date which are (a) Except as provided in paragraph located within 100 feet of any mine (f) of this section, all self-propelled die- opening are of such construction, fire sel-powered and electric face equip- doors shall be erected at effective ment, including shuttle cars, which is points in mine openings to prevent employed in the active workings of smoke or fire from outside sources en- each underground coal mine on and dangering miners underground. These after January 1, 1973, shall, in accord- doors shall be tested at least monthly ance with the schedule of time speci- to insure effective operation. A record fied in paragraphs (a) (1), (2), (3), (4), of such tests shall be kept in an area (5), and (6) of this section, be equipped on the surface of the mine chosen by with substantially constructed can- the operator to minimize the danger of opies or cabs, located and installed in destruction by fire or other hazard and such a manner that when the operator shall be available for inspection by in- is at the operating controls of such terested persons. equipment he shall be protected from falls of roof, face, or rib, or from rib § 75.1708–1 Surface structures; fire- and face rolls. The requirements of this proof construction. paragraph (a) shall be met as follows: Structures of fireproof construction (1) On and after January 1, 1974, in is interpreted to mean structures with coal mines having mining heights of 72 fireproof exterior surfaces. inches or more; (2) On and after July 1, 1974, in coal § 75.1709 Accumulations of methane mines having mining heights of 60 and coal dust on surface coal-han- inches or more, but less than 72 inches; dling facilities. (3) On and after January 1, 1975, in coal mines having mining heights of 48 [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] inches or more, but less than 60 inches; Adequate measures shall be taken to (4) On and after July 1, 1975, in coal prevent methane and coal dust from mines having mining heights of 36 accumulating in excessive concentra- inches or more, but less than 48 inches; tions in or on surface coal-handling fa- (5)(i) On and after January 1, 1976, in cilities, but in no event shall methane coal mines having mining heights of 30 be permitted to accumulate in con- inches or more, but less than 36 inches, centrations in or on surface coal-han- (ii) On and after July 1, 1977, in coal dling facilities in excess of limits es- mines having mining heights of 24 tablished for methane by the Secretary inches or more, but less than 30 inches, on and after March 30, 1971. Where coal and is dumped at or near air-intake open- (6) On and after July 1, 1978, in coal ings, provisions shall be made to avoid mines having mining heights of less dust from entering the mine. than 24 inches. (b)(1) For purposes of this section, a § 75.1710 Canopies or cabs; diesel-pow- canopy means a structure which pro- ered and electric face equipment. vides overhead protection against falls In any coal mine where the height of of roof. the coalbed permits, an authorized rep- (2) For purposes of this section, a cab resentative of the Secretary may re- means a structure which provides over- quire that diesel-powered and electric head and lateral protection against face equipment, including shuttle cars, falls of roof, rib, and face, or rib and be provided with substantially con- face rolls. structed canopies or cabs to protect (c) In determining whether to install the miners operating such equipment substantially constructed canopies as
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opposed to substantially constructed in lieu of substantially constructed cabs, the operator shall consider and canopies or cabs on self-propelled die- take into account the following fac- sel-powered and electric face equip- tors: ment. The Director of Technical Sup- (1) The mining method used; port may approve such devices if he de- (2) Physical limitations, including termines that the use thereof will af- but not limited to the dip of the coal- ford the equipment operator no less bed, and roof, rib, and face conditions; than the same measure of protection (3) Previous accident experience, if from falls of roof, face, or rib, or from any, caused by falls of roof, rib, and rib and face rolls as would a substan- face, or rib and face rolls; tially constructed canopy or cab meet- (4) Overhead protection, such as that ing the requirements of this section. afforded by a substantially constructed canopy, against falls of roof will al- [37 FR 20690, Oct. 3, 1972, as amended by 41 FR 23200, June 9, 1976; 43 FR 12320, Mar. 24, ways be required; and 1978; 47 FR 28096, June 29, 1982; 61 FR 55527, (5) Lateral protection, such as that Oct. 25, 1996] afforded by a substantially constructed cab, may also be necessary where the EFFECTIVE DATE NOTE: At 42 FR 34877, July 7, 1977, the dates appearing in paragraphs occurrence of falls of rib and face, or (a)(5)(ii) and (a)(6) of § 75.1710–1 were sus- rib and face rolls is likely. pended indefinitely, effective July 1, 1977. (d) For purposes of this section, a canopy or cab will be considered to be § 75.1711 Sealing of mines. substantially constructed if a reg- istered engineer certifies that such [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] canopy or cab has the minimum struc- tural capacity to support elastically: On or after March 30, 1970, the open- (1) A dead weight load of 18,000 pounds, ing of any coal mine that is declared or (2) 15 p.s.i. distributed uniformly inactive by the operator, or is perma- over the plan view area of the struc- nently closed, or abandoned for more ture, whichever is lesser. than 90 days, shall be sealed by the op- (e) Evidence of the certification re- erator in a manner prescribed by the quired by paragraph (d) of this section Secretary. Openings of all other mines shall be furnished by attaching a plate, shall be adequately protected in a man- label, or other appropriate marking to ner prescribed by the Secretary to pre- the canopy or cab for which certifi- vent entrance by unauthorized persons. cation has been made, stating that § 75.1711–1 Sealing of shaft openings. such canopy or cab meets the mini- mum requirements for structural ca- Shaft openings required to be sealed pacity set forth in paragraph (d) of this under § 75.1711 shall be effectively section. Written evidence of such cer- capped or filled. Filling shall be for the tification shall also be retained by the entire depth of the shaft and, for the operator, and shall be made available first 50 feet from the bottom of the to an authorized representative of the coalbed, the fill shall consist of incom- Secretary upon request. Written evi- bustible material. Caps consisting of a dence of certification may consist of 6-inch thick concrete cap or other the report of the registered engineer equivalent means may be used for seal- who certified the canopy or cab, or of ing. Caps shall be equipped with a vent information from the manufacturer of pipe at least 2 inches in diameter ex- the canopy or cab stating that a reg- tending for a distance of at least 15 feet istered engineer has certified that the above the surface of the shaft. canopy or cab meets the minimum re- quirements for structural capacity set § 75.1711–2 Sealing of slope or drift forth in paragraph (d) of this section. openings. (f) An operator may apply to the Di- Slope or drift openings required to be rector of Technical Support, Mine sealed under § 75.1711 shall be sealed Safety and Health Administration, De- with solid, substantial, incombustible partment of Labor, 4015 Wilson Boule- material, such as concrete blocks, vard, Arlington, Va. 22203, for approval bricks or tile, or shall be completely of the installation of devices to be used filled with incombustible material for
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a distance of at least 25 feet into such shall be provided with adequate light, openings. heat, and ventilation so as to maintain a comfortable air temperature and to § 75.1711–3 Openings of active mines. minimize the accumulation of mois- The openings of all mines not de- ture and odors, and such facilities shall clared by the operator, to be inactive, be maintained in a clean and sanitary permanently closed, or abandoned for condition. less than 90 days shall be adequately (b) Bathing facilities, change rooms, fenced or posted with conspicuous signs and sanitary toilet facilities shall be prohibiting the entrance of unauthor- constructed and equipped so as to com- ized persons. ply with applicable State and local building codes: Provided, however, That § 75.1712 Bath houses and toilet facili- where no State or local building codes ties. apply to such facilities, or where no [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] State or local building codes exist, such facilities shall be constructed and The Secretary may require any oper- equipped so as to meet the minimum ator to provide adequate facilities for construction requirements of the Na- the miners to change from the clothes tional Building Code; and the mini- worn underground, to provide for the mum plumbing requirements of the storing of such clothes from shift to U.S.A. Standard Plumbing Code, ASA shift, and to provide sanitary and bath- A40.8–1955. ing facilities. Sanitary toilet facilities (c) In addition to the minimum re- shall be provided in the active work- quirements specified in paragraphs (a) ings of the mine when such surface fa- and (b) of this § 75.1712–3, facilities cilities are not readily accessible to maintained in accordance with the active workings. § 75.1712–1 shall include the following: [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 (1) Bathing facilities. (i) Showers shall FR 33723, June 29, 1995] be provided with both hot and cold water. § 75.1712–1 Availability of surface (ii) At least one shower head shall be bathing facilities; change rooms; and sanitary facilities. provided where five or less miners use such showers. Except where a waiver has been (iii) Where five or more miners use granted pursuant to the provisions of such showers, sufficient showers shall § 75.1712–4, each operator of an under- be furnished to provide approximately ground coal mine shall on and after De- one shower head for each five miners. cember 30, 1970, provide bathing facili- (iv) A suitable cleansing agent shall ties, clothing change rooms, and sani- be provided for use at each shower. tary facilities, as hereinafter pre- scribed, for the use of the miners at the (2) Sanitary toilet facilities. (i) At least mine. one sanitary flush toilet shall be pro- vided where 10 or less miners use such § 75.1712–2 Location of surface facili- facilities. ties. (ii) Where 10 or more miners use such Bathhouses, change rooms, and sani- sanitary toilet facilities, sufficient toi- tary toilet facilities shall be in a loca- lets shall be furnished to provide ap- tion convenient for the use of the min- proximately one sanitary flush toilet ers. Where such facilities are designed for each 10 miners. to serve more than one mine, they (iii) Where 30 or more miners use san- shall be centrally located so as to be as itary toilet facilities, one urinal may convenient for the use of the miners in be substituted for one sanitary flush all the mines served by such facilities. toilet, however, where such substi- tutions are made they shall not reduce § 75.1712–3 Minimum requirements of the number of toilets below a ratio of surface bathing facilities, change two toilets to one urinal. rooms, and sanitary toilet facilities. (iv) An adequate supply of toilet (a) All bathing facilities, change paper shall be provided with each toi- rooms, and sanitary toilet facilities let.
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(v) Adequate handwashing facilities employed during the mining cycle. A or hand lavatories shall be provided in single approved sanitary toilet may or adjacent to each toilet facility. serve two or more working places in (3) Change rooms. (i) Individual the same mine, if it is located within clothes storage containers or lockers 500 feet of each such working place. shall be provided for storage of miners (b) Only sanitary toilets approved by clothing and other incidental personal the Health Division, Coal Mine Health belongings during and between shifts. and Safety, Mine Safety and Health (ii) Change rooms shall be provided Administration shall meet the require- with ample space to permit the use of ments of this section. such facilities by all miners changing (c) Applications for approval of sani- clothes prior to and after each shift. tary toilets shall be submitted to: Health Division, Coal Mine Health and Safe- § 75.1712–4 Waiver of surface facilities ty, Mine Safety and Health Administra- requirements. tion, Department of Labor, 4015 Wilson The Coal Mine Safety District Man- Boulevard, Arlington, Va. 22203. ager for the district in which the mine [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 43 is located may, upon written applica- FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978] tion by the operator, waive any or all of the requirements of §§ 75.1712–1 § 75.1712–7 Underground sanitary fa- through 75.1712–3 if he determines that cilities; waiver of requirements. the operator of the mine cannot or If it has been determined by the Coal need not meet any part or all of such Mine Safety District Manager for the requirements, and, upon issuance of district in which the mine is located such waiver, he shall set forth the fa- that sanitary toilets cannot be pro- cilities which will not be required and vided and maintained within 500 feet of the specific reason or reasons for such a working place because of the thick- waiver. ness of the coal seam or because of any [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 other physical restriction in the under- FR 33723, June 29, 1995] ground workings, he may, upon written application by the operator, waive the § 75.1712–5 Application for waiver of location requirements for underground surface facilities. sanitary facilities with respect to such Applications for waivers of the re- working place. quirements of §§ 75.1712–1 through 75.1712–3 shall be filed with the Coal § 75.1712–8 Application for waiver of Mine Safety District Manager and shall location requirements for under- ground sanitary facilities. contain the following information: (a) The name and address of the mine Applications for waivers of the loca- operator; tion requirements of § 75.1712–6 shall be (b) The name and location of the filed with the Coal Mine Safety Dis- mine; trict Manager and shall contain the (c) A statement explaining why, in following information: the opinion of the operator, the instal- (a) The name and address of the mine lation or maintenance of the facilities operator; is impractical or unnecessary. (b) The name and location of the mine; § 75.1712–6 Underground sanitary fa- (c) The thickness of the coal seam in cilities; approved sanitary toilets; each working place in the mine for installation and maintenance. which a waiver is requested; and (a) Except as provided in § 75.1712–7, (d) Other physical restrictions in the each operator of an underground coal mine (for example, poor roof condi- mine shall, on and after December 30, tions, excessive water, timbering, etc.). 1970, provide and maintain one ap- If a sanitary toilet cannot be installed proved sanitary toilet, together with within 500 feet of a working place be- an adequate supply of toilet tissue, in a cause of physical conditions other than dry location under protected roof, the thickness of the coal seam, the op- within 500 feet of each working place in erator shall also include a short state- the mine where miners are regularly ment specifying areas in the mine
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which could be considered possible al- shafts and slopes, and at other strate- ternative sites for installation of such gic locations near the working faces. In facilities. fulfilling each of the requirements of this section, the operator shall meet at § 75.1712–9 Issuance of waivers. least minimum requirements pre- Following the receipt of an applica- scribed by the Secretary of Health and tion submitted in accordance with the Human Services. provisions of § 75.1712–8, the Coal Mine [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 47 Safety District Manager shall, if he de- FR 14696, Apr. 6, 1982; 60 FR 33723, June 29, termines that the operator cannot 1995] meet the location requirements of § 75.1712–6 with respect to any or all of § 75.1713–1 Arrangements for emer- the working places in the mine because gency medical assistance and trans- of the coal seam thickness or because portation for injured persons; of other physical restriction, issue a agreements; reporting require- waiver of the requirements of this sec- ments; posting requirements. tion and designate an alternative site (a) Each operator of an underground for installation of such facilities. The coal mine shall make arrangements waiver issued shall specify each work- with a licensed physician, medical ing place to which it shall apply, set service, medical clinic, or hospital to forth the reasons for such waiver, and provide 24-hour emergency medical as- the reasons for designation of the al- sistance for any person injured at the ternative site. mine. (b) Each operator of an underground § 75.1712–10 Underground sanitary fa- coal mine shall make arrangements cilities; maintenance. with an ambulance service, or other- Sanitary toilets shall be regularly wise provide, for 24-hour emergency maintained in a clean and sanitary transportation for any person injured condition. Holding tanks shall be serv- at the mine. iced and cleaned when full and in no (c) Each operator shall, on or before case less than once each week by drain- December 30, 1970, report to the Dis- ing or pumping or by removing them to trict Manager for the district in which the surface for cleaning or recharging. the mine is located the name, title and Transfer tanks and transfer equipment address of the physician, medical serv- used underground shall be equipped ice, medical clinic, hospital or ambu- with suitable fittings to permit com- lance service with whom arrangements plete drainage of holding tanks with- have been made, or otherwise provided, out spillage and allow for the sanitary in accordance with the provisions of transportation of wastes to the surface. paragraphs (a) and (b) of this § 75.1713– Waste shall be disposed of on the sur- 1. face in accordance with State and local (d) Each operator shall, within 10 laws and regulations. days after any change of the arrange- ments required to be reported under § 75.1713 Emergency medical assist- the provisions of this § 75.1713–1, report ance; first-aid. such changes to the District Manager. If such changes involve a substitution [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] of persons, the operator shall provide Each operator shall make arrange- the name, title, and address of the per- ments in advance for obtaining emer- son substituted together with the name gency medical assistance and transpor- and address of the medical service, tation for injured persons. Emergency medical clinic, hospital, or ambulance communications shall be provided to service with which such person or per- the nearest point of assistance. Se- sons are associated. lected agents of the operator shall be (e) Each operator shall, immediately trained in first-aid and first-aid train- after making an arrangement required ing shall be made available to all min- under the provisions of paragraphs (a) ers. Each coal mine shall have an ade- and (b) of this § 75.1713–1, or imme- quate supply of first-aid equipment lo- diately after any change of such ar- cated on the surface, at the bottom of rangement, post at appropriate places
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at the mine the names, titles, address- miners within 6 months after the date es, and telephone numbers of all per- of employment. sons or services currently available under such arrangements to provide § 75.1713–5 First-aid training program; medical assistance and transportation retraining of supervisory employ- at the mine. ees; availability to all miners. Beginning January 1, 1971, each oper- § 75.1713–2 Emergency communica- ator of an underground coal mine shall tions; requirements. conduct refresher first-aid training (a) Each operator of an underground courses each calendar year for all se- coal mine shall establish and maintain lected supervisory employees, and a communication system from the make available refresher first-aid mine to the nearest point of medical training courses to all miners em- assistance for use in an emergency. ployed in the mine. (b) The emergency communication system required to be maintained § 75.1713–6 First-aid training program; under paragraph (a) of this § 75.1713–2 minimum requirements. may be established by telephone or (a) All first-aid training programs re- radio transmission or by any other quired under the provisions of means of prompt communication to §§ 75.1713–3 and 75.1713–4 shall include 10 any facility (for example, the local class hours of training in a course of sheriff, the State highway patrol, or instruction similar to that outlined in local hospital) which has available the ‘‘First Aid, A Bureau of Mines Instruc- means of communication with the per- tion Manual.’’ son or persons providing emergency (b) Refresher first-aid training pro- medical assistance or transportation in grams required under the provisions of accordance with the provisions of § 75.1713–5 shall include five class hours § 75.1713–1. of refresher training in a course of in- struction similar to that outlined in § 75.1713–3 First-Aid training; super- ‘‘First Aid, A Bureau of Mines Instruc- visory employees. tion Manual.’’ The mine operator shall conduct first-aid training courses for selected § 75.1713–7 First-aid equipment; loca- supervisory employees at the mine. tion; minimum requirements. Within 60 days after the selection of a (a) Each operator of an underground new supervisory employee to be so coal mine shall maintain a supply of trained, the mine operator shall certify the first-aid equipment set forth in by signature and date the name of the paragraph (b) of this § 75.1713–7 at each employee and date on which the em- of the following locations: ployee satisfactorily completed the (1) At the mine dispatcher’s office or first-aid training course. The certifi- other appropriate work area on the cation shall be kept at the mine and surface in close proximity to the mine made available on request to an au- entry; thorized representative of the Sec- (2) At the bottom of each regularly retary. traveled slope or shaft; however, where [56 FR 1478, Jan. 14, 1991] the bottom of such slope or shaft is not more than 1,000 feet from the surface, § 75.1713–4 First-aid training program; such first-aid supplies may be main- availability of instruction to all tained on the surface at the entrance miners. to the mine; and On or before June 30, 1971, each oper- (3) At a point in each working section ator of an underground coal mine shall not more than 500 feet outby the active make available to all miners employed working face or faces. in the mine a course of instruction in (b) The first-aid equipment required first-aid conducted by the operator or to be maintained under the provisions under the auspices of the operator, and of paragraph (a) of this § 75.1713–7 shall such a course of instruction shall be include at least the following: made available to newly employed (1) One stretcher;
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(2) One broken-back board. (If a been approved by MSHA and NIOSH splint stretcher combination is used it under 42 CFR part 84, as follows: will satisfy the requirements of both (a) A 1-hour SCSR; (1) and (2)). (b) A SCSR of not less than 10 min- (3) 24 triangular bandages (15 if a utes and a 1-hour canister; or splint-stretcher combination is used). (c) Any other self-contained breath- (4) Eight 4-inch bandage compresses; ing apparatus which provides protec- (5) Eight 2-inch bandage compresses. tion for a period of 1 hour or longer and (6) Twelve 1-inch adhesive com- which is approved for use by MSHA as presses; a self-rescue device when used and (7) One foille; maintained as prescribed by MSHA. (8) Two cloth blankets: (9) One rubber blanket or equivalent [60 FR 30401, June 8, 1995] substitute. § 75.1714–2 Self-rescue devices; use (10) Two tourniquets; and location requirements. (11) One 1-ounce bottle of aromatic spirits of ammonia or 1 dozen ammonia (a) Self-rescue devices shall be used ampules. and located as prescribed in paragraphs (12) The necessary complements of (b) through (f) of this section. arm and leg splints or two each inflat- (b) Except as provided in paragraph able plastic arm and leg splints. (c), (d), (e), or (f) of this section, self- (c) All first-aid supplies required to rescue devices shall be worn or carried be maintained under the provisions of at all times by each person when un- paragraphs (a) and (b) of this § 75.1713– derground. 7 shall be stored in suitable, sanitary, (c) Where the wearing or carrying of dust tight, moisture proof containers the self-rescue device is hazardous to and such supplies shall be accessible to the person, it shall be placed in a read- the miners. ily accessible location no greater than 25 feet from such person. § 75.1714 Availability of approved self- (d) Where a person works on or rescue devices; instruction in use around equipment, the self-rescue de- and location. vice may be placed in a readily acces- (a) Each operator shall make avail- sible location on such equipment. able to each miner who goes under- (e) A mine operator may apply to the ground, and to visitors authorized to District Manager under § 75.1101–23 for enter the mine by the operator, an ap- permission to place the SCSR more proved self-rescue device or devices than 25 feet away. which is adequate to protect such per- (1) The District Manager shall con- son for 1 hour or longer. sider the following factors in deciding (b) Before any miner employed by the whether to permit an operator to place operator or visitor authorized by the a SCSR more than 25 feet from a operator goes underground the opera- miner: tor shall instruct and train such person (i) Distance from affected sections to in the use and location of the self-res- surface, cue device or devices made available at (ii) Pitch of seam in affected sec- the mine. Instruction and training of tions, miners and visitors shall be in accord- (iii) Height of coal seam in affected ance with provisions set forth in 30 sections, CFR Part 48. (iv) Location of escapeways, [43 FR 54246, Nov. 21, 1978, as amended at 53 (v) Proposed location of SCSRs, FR 10336, Mar. 30, 1988; 60 FR 30401, June 8, (vi) Type of work performed by af- 1995] fected miners, (vii) Degree of risk to which affected § 75.1714–1 Approved self-rescue de- miners are exposed, vices. (viii) Potential for breaking into oxy- The requirements of § 75.1714 shall be gen deficient atmospheres, met by making available to each per- (ix) Type of risk to which affected son referred to in that section a self- miners are exposed, rescue device or devices, which have (x) Accident history of mine, and
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(xi) Other matters bearing upon the and for the integrity of its seal by a safety of miners. person trained to perform this func- (2) Such application shall not be ap- tion. Self-rescue devices with broken proved by the District Manager unless seals or which are damaged so that the it provides that, while underground, all device will not function properly shall miners whose SCSR is more than 25 be removed from service. feet away shall have a FSR approved (c) All FSRs approved by MSHA and by MSHA and NIOSH under 42 CFR NIOSH under 42 CFR part 84, except de- part 84 sufficient to enable each miner vices using vacuum containers as the to get to a SCSR. only method of sealing, shall be tested (3) An operator may not obtain per- at intervals not exceeding 90 days by mission under paragraph (e) of this sec- weighing each device on a scale or bal- tion to place SCSRs more than 25 feet ance accurate to within +1 gram. A de- away from miners on trips into and out vice that weighs more than 10 grams of the mine. over its original weight shall be re- (f) If a SCSR is not carried out of the moved from service. mine at the end of a miner’s shift, the (d) All SCSRs approved by MSHA and place of storage must be approved by NIOSH under 42 CFR part 84 shall be the District Manager, a sign with the tested in accordance with instructions word ‘‘SELF-RESCUER’’ or ‘‘SELF- approved by MSHA and NIOSH. Any RESCUERS’’ shall be conspicuously device which does not meet the speci- posted at each storage place, and direc- fied test requirements shall be removed tion signs shall be posted leading to from service. each storage place. (e) At the completion of each test re- (g) Where devices of not less than 10 quired by paragraphs (c) and (d) of this minutes and 1 hour are made available section the person making the tests in accordance with § 75.1714–1(b), such shall certify by signature and date that devices shall be used and located as fol- the tests were done. This person shall lows: make a record of all corrective action (1) Except as provided in paragraphs taken. Certifications and records shall (c) and (d) of this section, the device of be kept at the mine and made available not less than 10 minutes shall be worn on request to an authorized representa- or carried at all times by each person tive of the Secretary. when underground, and (f) Self-rescue devices removed from (2) The 1-hour canister shall be avail- service shall be repaired for return to able at all times to all persons when service only by a person trained to per- underground in accordance with a plan form such work and only in accordance submitted by the operator of the mine with the manufacturer’s instructions. and approved by the District Manager. [43 FR 54246, Nov. 21, 1978, as amended at 47 When the 1-hour canister is placed in a FR 14706, Apr. 6, 1982; 56 FR 1478, Jan. 14, cache or caches, a sign with the word 1991; 60 FR 30402, June 8, 1995; 60 FR 33723, ‘‘SELF–RESCUERS’’ shall be conspicu- June 29, 1995] ously posted at each cache, and direc- tion signs shall be posted leading to § 75.1715 Identification check system. each cache. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] [43 FR 54246, Nov. 21, 1978, as amended at 60 FR 30401, June 8, 1995] Each operator of a coal mine shall es- tablish a check-in and check-out sys- § 75.1714–3 Self-rescue devices; inspec- tem which will provide positive identi- tion, testing, maintenance, repair, fication of every person underground, and recordkeeping. and will provide an accurate record of (a) Each operator shall provide for the persons in the mine kept on the proper inspection, testing, mainte- surface in a place chosen to minimize nance, and repair of self-rescue devices the danger of destruction by fire or by a person trained to perform such other hazard. Such record shall bear a functions. number identical to an identification (b) After each time a self-rescue de- check that is securely fastened to the vice is worn or carried by a person, the lamp belt worn by the person under- device shall be inspected for damage ground. The identification check shall
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be made of a rust resistant metal of § 75.1716–2 Permit required. not less than 16 gauge. If in the judgment of the Coal Mine § 75.1716 Operations under water. Safety District Manager the proposed mining operations referred to in [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] § 75.1716–1 constitute a hazard to min- Whenever an operator mines coal ers, he shall promptly so notify the op- from a coal mine opened after March erator that a permit is required. 30, 1970, or from any new working sec- tion of a mine opened prior to such § 75.1716–3 Applications for permits. date, in a manner that requires the An application for a permit required construction, operation, and mainte- under this section shall be filed with nance of tunnels under any river, the Coal Mine Safety District Manager stream, lake, or other body of water, and shall contain the following general that is, in the judgment of the Sec- information: retary, sufficiently large to constitute (a) Name and address of the com- a hazard to miners, such operator shall pany. obtain a permit from the Secretary (b) Name and address of the mine. which shall include such terms and conditions as he deems appropriate to (c) Projected mining and ground sup- protect the safety of miners working or port plans. passing through such tunnels from (d) A mine map showing the locations caveins and other hazards. Such per- of the river, stream, lake, or other mits shall require, in accordance with body of water and its relation to the lo- a plan to be approved by the Secretary, cation of all working places. that a safety zone be established be- (e) A profile map showing the type of neath and adjacent to such body of strata and the distance in elevation be- water. No plan shall be approved unless tween the coal bed and the river, there is a minimum of cover to be de- stream, lake or other body of water in- termined by the Secretary, based on volved. The type of strata shall be de- test holes drilled by the operator in a termined by core test drill holes as pre- manner to be prescribed by the Sec- scribed by the Coal Mine Safety Dis- retary. No such permit shall be re- trict Manager. quired in the case of any new working section of a mine which is located § 75.1716–4 Issuance of permits. under any water resource reservoir being constructed by a Federal agency If the Coal Mine Safety District Man- on December 30, 1969, the operator of ager determines that the proposed min- which is required by such agency to op- ing operations under water can be safe- erate in a manner that protects the ly conducted, he shall issue a permit safety of miners working in such sec- for the conduct of such operations tion from cave-ins and other hazards. under such conditions as he deems nec- [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 essary to protect the safety of miners FR 33723, June 29, 1995] engaged in those operations.
§ 75.1716–1 Operations under water; § 75.1717 Exemptions. notification by operator. [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] An operator planning to mine coal from coal mines opened after March 30, No notice under § 75.1716–1 and no per- 1970, or from working sections in mines mit under § 75.1716–2 shall be required opened prior to such date, and in such in the case of any new working section manner that mining operations will be of a mine which is located under any conducted, or tunnels constructed, water resource reservoir being con- under any river, stream, lake, or other structed by a Federal agency as of De- body of water, shall give notice to the cember 30, 1969, and where the operator Coal Mine Safety District Manager in is required by such agency to operate the district in which the mine is lo- in a manner that adequately protects cated prior to the commencement of such mining operations. the safety of miners.
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§ 75.1718 Drinking water. through 75.1719–4, ‘‘self-propelled min- ing equipment’’ means equipment [STATUTORY PROVISIONS] which possesses the capability of mov- ing itself or its associated components An adequate supply of potable water from one location to another by elec- shall be provided for drinking purposes tric, hydraulic, pneumatic, or mechani- in the active workings of the mine, and cal power supplied by a source located such water shall be carried, stored, and on the machine or transmitted to the otherwise protected in sanitary con- machine by cables, ropes, or chains. tainers. (c) The lighting prescribed in this § 75.1718–1 Drinking water; quality. section shall be in addition to that pro- vided by personal cap lamps. (a) Potable water provided in accord- (d) The luminous intensity (surface ance with the provisions of § 75.1718 brightness) of surfaces that are in a shall meet the applicable minimum miner’s normal field of vision of areas health requirements for drinking water in working places that are required to established by the State or community be lighted shall be not less than 0.06 in which the mine is located. footlamberts when measured in accord- (b) Where no state or local health re- ance with § 75.1719–3. quirements apply to drinking water or (e) When self-propelled mining equip- where no state or local minimum ment specified in paragraphs (e)(1) health requirements exist, drinking through (e)(6) of this section is oper- water provided in accordance with the ated in a working place, the areas provisions of § 75.1718 shall contain a within a miner’s normal field of vision minimum of 0.2 milligrams of free chlo- which shall be illuminated in the work- rine per liter of water. ing place shall be as prescribed in para- graphs (e)(1) through (e)(6) of this sec- § 75.1719 Illumination; purpose and scope of §§ 75.1719 through 75.1719– tion. 4; time for compliance. (1) Continuous miners and coal-loading equipment. In working places in which (a) Section 317(e) of the Act (30 U.S.C. continuous miners and coal-loading 877(e)) directs and authorizes the Sec- equipment are operated, the areas retary to propose and promulgate which shall be illuminated shall be as standards under which all working follows: places in a mine shall be illuminated (i) The face, and by permissible lighting while persons (ii) The ribs, roof, floor, and exposed are working in such places §§ 75.1719 surface of mining equipment, which are through 75.1719–4 prescribe the require- between the face and the inby end of ments for illumination of working the shuttle car or other conveying places in underground coal mines while equipment while in position to receive persons are working in such places and material. and while self-propelled mining equip- (2) Self-loading haulage equipment used ment is operated in the working place. as a loading machine. In working places (b) Mine operators shall comply with in which self-loading haulage equip- §§ 75.1719 through 75.1719–4 not later ment is operated to load material, the than July 1, 1978. areas which shall be illuminated shall [41 FR 43534, Oct. 1, 1976, as amended at 43 FR be as follows: 13564, Mar. 31, 1978] (i) The face, and (ii) The ribs, roof, floor, and exposed § 75.1719–1 Illumination in working surfaces of mining equipment, which places. are between the face and a point 5 feet (a) Each operator of an underground outby the machine. coal mine shall provide each working (3) Cutting and drilling equipment. In place in the mine with lighting as pre- working places in which cutting or scribed in §§ 75.1719–1 and 75.1719–2 while drilling equipment is operated, the self-propelled mining equipment is op- areas which shall be illuminated shall erated in the working place. be as follows: (b) Self-propelled mining equipment; (i) The ribs, roof, floor, and exposed definition. For the purposes of §§ 75.1719 surfaces of mining equipment, which
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are between the face and a point 5 feet width, respectively, of the machine on outby the machine. which the luminaires are installed, and (4) Shortwall and longwall mining (iii) The luminaires in the direction equipment. In working places in which of travel shall be operated at all times shortwall or longwall mining equip- the equipment is being trammed in the ment is operated, the areas which shall working place. be illuminated shall be as follows: (f) The Administrator, Coal Mine (i) The area for the length of the self- Health and Safety, MSHA, may specify advancing roof suport system and other areas in a working place to be il- which is between the gob-side of the luminated for the protection of miners travelway and the side of the block of while self-propelled mining equipment coal from which coal is being ex- is being operated in the working place. tracted, and (g) Surface brightness of floor, roof, coal and machine surfaces in the nor- (ii) The control station, and the head mal visual field of a miner shall not piece and tail piece of the face con- vary more than 50 percent between ad- veyor, and jacent fields of similar surface reflec- (iii) The roof and floor for a distance tance, and the maximum surface of 5 feet horizontally from the control brightness of such surface shall not ex- station, head piece and tail piece. ceed 120 footlamberts when measured (5) Roof bolting equipment. In working in accordance with § 75.1719–3. places in which roof bolting equipment is operated, the areas which shall be il- [41 FR 43534, Oct. 1, 1976, as amended at 42 FR luminated shall be as follows: 18859, Apr. 11, 1977; 43 FR 43458, Sept. 26, 1978; 47 FR 28096, June 29, 1982] (i) Where the distance from the floor, to the roof is 5 feet, or less: the face, ribs, § 75.1719–2 Lighting fixtures; require- roof, floor, and exposed surfaces of ments. mining equipment, which are within an (a) Lighting fixtures shall be permis- area the perimeter of which is a dis- sible. tance of 5 feet from the machine, when (b) Lighting fixtures may be installed measured parallel to the floor. on self-propelled machines or may be (ii) Where the distance from the floor to stationary lighting fixtures. the roof is more than 5 feet: the face, (c)(1) Electrically operated lighting ribs, roof, floor, and exposed surfaces of fixtures shall be energized by direct mining equipment, which are within an current, or by sinusoidal full wave al- area the perimeter of which from the ternating current not less than 50 cy- front and sides of the machine is a dis- cles per second (100 pulses per second), tance equal to the distance from the or by an equivalent power source that floor to the roof and from the rear of causes no greater flicker. the machine a distance of 5 feet, when (2) Alternating current circuits sup- measured parallel to the floor. plying power to stationary lighting fix- (6) Other self-propelled equipment. Un- tures shall contain conductors ener- less the entire working place is illumi- gized at voltages not greater than 70 nated by stationary lighting equip- volts to ground. Alternating current ment, in working places in which self- circuits, energized at 100 volts or more propelled equipment is operated, other and used to supply power to staionary than equipment specified in paragraphs lighting fixtures, shall originate at a (e)(1) through (e)(5) of this section, illu- transformer having a center or neutral mination shall be provided as follows: tap grounded to earth through a proper (i) Luminaires shall be installed on resistor, which shall be designed to each machine operated in the working limit fault current to not more than 5 place which shall illuminate a face or amperes. A grounding circuit in ac- rib coal surface which is within 10 feet cordance with § 75.701–4 shall orignate of the front and the rear of the ma- at the grounded terminal of the chine to a luminous intensity of not grounding resistor and extend along less than 0.06 footlamberts, and with the power conductors and serve as (ii) The height and width of the area a grounding conductor for the frames of the coal surface which shall be illu- of all equipment receiving power from minated shall equal the height and the circuit. The ground fault current
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rating of grounding resistors shall uring luminous intensity (surface meet the ‘‘extended time rating’’ set brightness). forth in the Institute of Electrical and (b) In measuring luminous intensity Electronics Engineers, Inc. Standard the following procedures shall be used: No. 32 (IEEE Std. 32–1972) which is (1) In areas of working places speci- hereby incorporated by reference and fied in §§ 75.1719.1(e)(1) through 75.1719– made a part hereof. The incorporated 1(e)(3) luminous intensity measure- publication is available for examina- ments of the face, ribs, roof, floor, and tion at each Coal Mine Health and exposed surfaces of mining equipment, Safety District and Subdistrict Office shall be made with the machine idle of MSHA, and may be obtained from and located in the approximate center the Institute of Electrical and Elec- of the working place with the cutting, tronics Engineers, Inc., 345 East 47th loading, or drilling head toward the Street, New York, N.Y. 10017. face and not more than 3 feet from the (3) Machine-mounted lighting fix- face. tures shall be electrically grounded to the machine by a separate grounding (2) In areas of working places speci- conductor in compliance with § 75.701–4. fied in § 75.1719–1(e)(4) luminous inten- (d) Direct current circuits in excess sity measurements may be made at of a nominal voltage of 300 volts shall any time longwall or shortwall mining not be used to supply power to station- equipment is operated except that ary light fixtures. when measurements are made in the (e) Cables conducting power to sta- vicinity of shearers, plows, or continu- tionary lighting fixtures from both al- ous miners, the equipment shall be idle ternating and direct current power while measurements are being made. sources, other than intrinsically safe (3) In areas of working places speci- devices, shall be considered trailing ca- fied in § 75.1719–1(e)(5) luminous inten- bles, and shall meet rhe requirements sity measurements of the face, ribs, of Subpart G of this part. In addition, roof, floor, and exposed surfaces of such cables shall be protected against mining equipment, shall be made with overloads and short circuits by a suit- the machine idle and located in the ap- able circuit breaker or other device ap- proximate center of the working place proved by the Secretary. Circuit break- with the drilling head toward the face ers or other device approved by the and a distance from the face of 5 feet, Secretary protecting trailing cables re- or the distance from the floor to the ceiving power from resistance grounded roof, whichever is applicable. When the circuits shall be equipped with a machine is located in the center of the ground trip arrangement which shall working place and the surfaces of the be designed to deenergize the circuit at ribs to be illuminated are not within not more than 50% of the available the perimeter of the area determined fault current. in accordance with § 75.1719–1(e)(5), the (f) Before shunts are removed from machine shall be positioned the appli- blasting caps, lighting fixtures and as- cable distance from the face and each sociated cables located in the same rib and luminous intensity measure- working place shall be deenergized. ments made for each rib, provided, Furthermore, lighting fixtures shall be however, that luminous intensity removed out of the line of blast and not measurements may be made of the less than 50 feet from the blasting oper- face, roof, floor, and exposed surfaces ation unless otherwise protected of mining equipment with the machine against flying debris. so located without locating the ma- (g) Lighting fixtures shall be de- chine in the center of the working signed and installed to minimize dis- place. comfort glare. (4) In areas of working places speci- [41 FR 43534, Oct. 1, 1976] fied in § 75.1719–1(e)(6), luminous inten- sity measurements of a coal surface § 75.1719–3 Methods of measurement; shall be made with the machine idle light measuring instruments. and located in the approximate center (a) Compliance with § 75.1719–1(d) of the working place with the appro- shall be determined by MSHA by meas- priate end toward the face and not less
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than 9 feet nor more than 10 feet from 0.06 footlambert. The method of meas- the face. urement is illustrated by the following (5) The area of surfaces to be meas- figure: ured shall be divided into round or square fields having an area of not less than 3 nor more than 5 square feet as illustrated by the following figure:
(8) Measurements shall not be made where shadows are cast by roof control (6) Measurements shall be taken with posts, ventilation equipment, or other the photometer held approximately obstructions necessary to insure safe perpendicular to the surface being mining conditions. measured and a sufficient distance (9) Where machine-mounted light fix- from the surface to allow the light tures are used on equipment, except sensing element in the instrument to self advancing roof support systems, receive reflected light from a field of measurements shall not be made of not less than 3 nor more than 5 square surfaces on or within 1 foot of a self- feet. The luminous intensity of each propelled machine. such field shall be not less than 0.06 (c) For the purpose of making illu- footlambert. mination measurements, an authorized (7) In areas of working places where representative of the Secretary may re- clearances are restricted to the extent quire the installation of temporary that the photometer cannot be held a roof supports or the removal of the sufficient distance from the surface to equipment to a similar working place allow the light sensing element in the instrument to receive reflected light in which permanent roof supports have from a field having an area of at least been installed. 3 square feet, luminous intensity shall (d) Light measuring instruments be considered as the average of four shall be properly calibrated and main- uniformly spaced readings taken at the tained. Instruments shall be calibrated corners and within a square field hav- against standards traceable to the Na- ing an area of approximately 4 square tional Bureau of Standards and color feet. In such instances, the area of each corrected to the Commission Inter- of the individual readings shall not ex- nationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) Spectral ceed 100 square inches. The average of Luminous Curve. The CIE Spectral Lu- the four readings shall be not less than minous Curve is as follows:
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wear the following protective clothing and devices: (a) Protective clothing or equipment and face-shields or goggles when weld- ing, cutting, or working with molten metal or when other hazards to the eyes exist from flying particles. (b) Suitable protective clothing to cover those parts of the body exposed to injury when handling corrosive or toxic substances or other materials which might cause injury to the skin. (c) Protective gloves when handling materials or performing work which might cause injury to the hands; how- ever, gloves shall not be worn where they would create a greater hazard by becoming entangled in the moving parts of equipment. (d) A suitable hard hat or hard cap. If a hard hat or hard cap is painted, non- [41 FR 43534, Oct. 1, 1976] metallic based paint shall be used. (e) Suitable protective footwear. § 75.1719–4 Mining machines, cap lamps; requirements. [36 FR 19497, Oct. 7, 1971, as amended at 39 FR 7175, Feb. 25, 1974] (a) Paint used on exterior surfaces of mining machines shall have a mini- § 75.1720–1 Distinctively colored hard mum reflectance of 30 percent, except hats, or hard caps; identification for cab interiors and other surfaces which newly employed, inexperienced might adversely affect visibility. miners. (b) When stationary light fixtures are Hard hats or hard caps distinctively used, red reflectors mounted in protec- different in color from those worn by tive frames or reflecting tape shall be experienced miners shall be worn by installed on each end of mining ma- each newly employed, inexperienced chines, except that continuous mining miner for at least one year from the machines, loaders, and cutters need date of his initial employment as a only have such reflectors or tape on miner or until he has been qualified or the outby end. Reflectors or reflecting certified as a miner by the State in tape shall have an area of not less than which he is employed. 10 square inches. (c) Each person who goes under- [39 FR 7175, Feb. 25, 1974] ground shall be required to wear an ap- proved personal cap lamp or an equiva- § 75.1721 Opening of new underground coal mines, or reopening and re- lent portable light. activating of abandoned or deacti- (d) Each person who goes under- vated coal mines, notification by ground shall be required to wear a hard the operator; requirements. hat or hard cap which shall have a min- (a) Each operator of a new under- imum of 6 square inches of reflecting ground coal mine, and a mine which tape or equivalent paint or material on has been abandoned or deactivated and each side and back. is to be reopened or reactivated, shall [41 FR 43534, Oct. 1, 1976] prior to opening, reopening or re- activating the mine notify the Coal § 75.1720 Protective clothing; require- Mine Health and Safety District Man- ments. ager for the district in which the mine On and after the effective date of this is located of the approximate date of § 75.1720 each miner regularly employed the proposed or actual opening of such in the active workings of an under- mine. Thereafter, and as soon as prac- ground coal mine shall be required to ticable, the operator of such mine shall
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submit all preliminary plans in accord- § 75.1722 Mechanical equipment ance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this guards. section to the District Manager and (a) Gears; sprockets; chains; drive, the operator shall not develop any part head, tail, and takeup pulleys; of the coalbed in such mine unless and flywheels; couplings, shafts; sawblades; until all preliminary plans have been fan inlets; and similar exposed moving approved. machine parts which may be contacted (b) The preliminary plans required to by persons, and which may cause in- be submitted by the operator to the jury to persons shall be guarded. District Manager shall be in writing (b) Guards at conveyor-drive, con- and shall contain the following: veyor-head, and conveyor-tail pulleys (1) The name and location of the pro- shall extend a distance sufficient to posed mine and the Mine Safety and prevent a person from reaching behind Health Administration mine identifica- the guard and becoming caught be- tion number, if known; tween the belt and the pulley. (2) The name and address of the mine (c) Except when testing the machin- operator(s); ery, guards shall be securely in place (3) The name and address of the prin- while machinery is being operated. cipal official designated by the opera- [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] tor as the person who is in charge of health and safety at the mine; § 75.1723 Stationary grinding ma- (4) The identification and approxi- chines; protective devices. mate height of the coalbed to be devel- (a) Stationary grinding machines oped; other than special bit grinders shall be (5) The system of mining to be em- equipped with: ployed; (1) Peripheral hoods (less than 90° (6) A proposed roof control plan con- throat openings) capable of withstand- taining the information specified in ing the force of a bursting wheel. § 75.220. (2) Adjustable tool rests set as close (7) A proposed mine ventilation plan as practical to the wheel. containing the information specified in (3) Safety washers. §§ 75.371 and 75.372; (b) Grinding wheels shall be operated (8) A proposed plan for sealing within the specifications of the manu- worked-out areas containing the infor- facturer of the wheel. mation specified in §§ 75.371 and 75.372. (c) Face shields or goggles, in good (9) A proposed program for searching condition, shall be worn when operat- miners for smoking materials in ac- ing a grinding wheel. cordance with the provisions of [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] § 75.1702; and, (10) A proposed plan for emergency § 75.1724 Hand-held power tools; safety medical assistance and emergency devices. communication in accordance with the Hand-held power tools shall be provisions of §§ 75.1713–1 and 75.1713–2. equipped with controls requiring con- (c) The preliminary plans required to stant hand or finger pressure to oper- be submitted by the operator to the ate the tools or shall be equipped with District Manager shall be in writing friction or other equivalent safety de- and shall contain the following: vices. (1) The proposed training plan con- [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] taining the information specified in §§ 48.3 and 48.23 of this chapter, and § 75.1725 Machinery and equipment; (2) A proposed plan for training and operation and maintenance. retraining certified and qualified per- (a) Mobile and stationary machinery sons containing the information speci- and equipment shall be maintained in fied in § 75.160–1. safe operating condition and machin- [44 FR 9380, Feb. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 ery or equipment in unsafe condition FR 23641, May 28, 1982; 57 FR 20929, May 15, shall be removed from service imme- 1992] diately.
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(b) Machinery and equipment shall be except where such coal can be removed operated only by persons authorized to without endangering persons. operate such machinery or equipment. [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] (c) Repairs or maintenance shall not be performed on machinery until the § 75.1729 Welding operations. power is off and the machinery is blocked against motion, except where Welding operations shall be shielded machinery motion is necessary to and the area shall be well ventilated. make adjustments. [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] (d) Machinery shall not be lubricated manually while in motion, unless § 75.1730 Compressed air; general; equipped with extended fittings or compressed air systems. cups. (a) All pressure vessels shall be con- [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] structed, installed, and maintained in accordance with the standards and § 75.1726 Performing work from a specifications of Section VIII ‘‘Unfired raised position; safeguards. Pressure Vessels,’’ of the American So- (a) Men shall not work on or from a ciety of Mechanical Engineers Boiler piece of mobile equipment in a raised and Pressure Vessel Code (1971), which position until it has been blocked in is hereby incorporated by reference and place securely. This does not preclude made a part hereof. This document the use of equipment specifically de- may be purchased for $25 from the signed as elevated mobile work plat- American Society of Mechanical Engi- forms. neers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, (b) No work shall be performed under NY 10017; and it is available for exam- machinery or equipment that has been ination in every Coal Mine Health and raised until such machinery or equip- Safety District and Subdistrict Office. ment has been securely blocked in po- (b) Compressors and compressed-air sition. receivers shall be equipped with auto- matic pressure-relief valves, pressure [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] gages, and drain valves. (c) Repairs involving the pressure § 75.1727 Drive belts. system of compressors, receivers, or (a) Drive belts shall not be shifted compressed-air-powered equipment while in motion unless the machines shall not be attempted until the pres- are provided with mechanical shifters. sure has been relieved from that part of (b) Belt dressing shall not be applied the system to be repaired. while belts are in motion except where (d) At no time shall compressed air it can be applied without endangering a be directed toward a person. When person. compressed air is used, all necessary [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973] precautions shall be taken to protect persons from injury. § 75.1728 Power-driven pulleys. (e) Safety chains, suitable locking (a) Belts, chains, and ropes shall not devices, or automatic cut-off valves be guided onto power-driven moving shall be used at connections to ma- pulleys, sprockets, or drums with the chines of high-pressure hose lines of hands except on slow-moving equip- three-fourths of an inch inside diame- ment especially designed for hand feed- ter or larger, and between high-pres- ing. sure hose lines of three-fourths of an inch inside diameter or larger, where a (b) Pulleys of conveyors shall not be connection failure would create a haz- cleaned manually while the conveyor is ard. For purposes of this paragraph, in motion. high-pressure means pressure of 100 (c) Coal spilled beneath belt conveyor p.s.i. or more. drives or tail pieces shall not be re- moved while the conveyor is in motion, [38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973]
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Subpart S—Approved Books and § 75.1808 Maintenance of approved Records books and records; requirements. All approved books and records main- § 75.1800 Scope. tained under the provisions of §§ 75.1801 (a) The provisions of this Subpart S through 75.1807 shall be stored in a fire- set forth the requirements for record- proof repository on the surface of the ing the results of certain tests and ex- mine chosen by the mine operator to aminations conducted in underground minimize their destruction by fire or coal mines. In addition, it specifies the other hazard and such records shall be approved books in which such results made available to interested persons. are to be recorded and the manner in which they shall be maintained. Subpart T—Diesel-Powered (b) The approved books required to be Equipment maintained in accordance with the pro- visions of §§ 75.1801 through 75.1808 shall SOURCE: 61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996, unless be secured by each operator from com- otherwise noted. mercial sources. Facsimile copies of Mine Safety and Health Administra- § 75.1900 Definitions. tion Forms 6–1331, 6–1489, 6–1490, 6–1491, The following definitions apply in 6–1492, 6–1493, and 6–1494, have been this subpart. filed with the Office of the Federal Diesel fuel tank. A closed metal vessel Register, General Services Administra- specifically designed for the storage or tion, Washington, DC 20408, and sample transport of diesel fuel. copies of each of these forms are avail- Diesel fuel transportation unit. A self- able for the use of commercial printers propelled or portable wheeled vehicle or operators at each District or Subdis- used to transport a diesel fuel tank. trict Coal Mine Health and Safety Of- Noncombustible material. A material fice of the Mine Safety and Health Ad- that will continue to serve its intended ministration. function for 1 hour when subjected to a (c) When the District Manager has fire test incorporating an ASTM E119– determined that record books kept in 88 time/temperature heat input, or satisfaction of State requirements pro- equivalent. The publication ASTM vide the information specified in any E119–88 ‘‘Standard Test Methods for record book required by this Subpart S, Fire Tests of Building Construction and so advises the operators of mines and Materials’’ is incorporated by ref- located in that State, such approved erence and may be inspected at any State record books will be accepted in Coal Mine Health and Safety District lieu of the record books specified in and Subdistrict Office; at MSHA’s Of- this subpart S. fice of Standards, Regulations, and Variances, 4105 Wilson Boulevard, Ar- § 75.1806 Monthly examination of sur- lington, VA 22203; or at the Office of face high voltage circuit breakers; the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol recording requirements; approved Street, NW., Washington, DC. This in- books. corporation by reference was approved The results of monthly examinations by the Director of the Federal Register of high voltage circuit breakers on the in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 surface required to be conducted under CFR part 51. In addition, copies of the the provisions of §§ 75.800, 75.800–3, and document may be purchased from the American Society for Testing Mate- 75.800–4, shall be recorded in a book en- rials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Phila- titled ‘‘Monthly Examination of Sur- delphia, PA 19103. face High Voltage Circuit Breakers’’ Permanent underground diesel fuel stor- (Mine Safety and Health Administra- age facility. A facility designed and con- tion Form 6–1493, Budget Bureau No. structed to remain at one location for 42–R1589, March 1970). the storage or dispensing of diesel fuel, [35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 60 which does not move as mining pro- FR 33723, June 29, 1995] gresses.
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Safety can. A metal container in- (ii) Within 500 feet of the projected tended for storage, transport or dis- loading point where equipment is being pensing of diesel fuel, with a nominal installed; or capacity of 5 gallons, listed or approved (iii) Within 500 feet of the last load- by a nationally recognized independent ing point where equipment is being re- testing laboratory. moved. Temporary underground diesel fuel stor- (3) No more than one diesel fuel age area. An area of the mine provided transportation unit at a time shall be for the short-term storage of diesel fuel parked in the temporary underground in a fuel transportation unit, which diesel fuel storage area. moves as mining progresses. (d) Permanent underground diesel fuel storage facilities and temporary § 75.1901 Diesel fuel requirements. underground diesel fuel storage areas (a) Diesel-powered equipment shall must be— be used underground only with a diesel (1) At least 100 feet from shafts, fuel having a sulfur content no greater slopes, shops, or explosives magazines; than 0.05 percent and a flash point of (2) At least 25 feet from trolley wires 100° F (38° C) or greater. Upon request, or power cables, or electric equipment the mine operator shall provide to an not necessary for the operation of the authorized representative of the Sec- storage facilities or areas; and retary evidence that the diesel fuel (3) In a location that is protected purchased for use in diesel-powered from damage by other mobile equip- equipment underground meets these re- ment. quirements. (e) Permanent underground diesel (b) Flammable liquids shall not be fuel storage facilities must not be lo- added to diesel fuel used in diesel-pow- cated within the primary escapeway. ered equipment underground. § 75.1903 Underground diesel fuel stor- (c) Only diesel fuel additives that age facilities and areas; construc- have been registered by the Environ- tion and safety precautions. mental Protection Agency may be used (a) Permanent underground diesel in diesel-powered equipment under- fuel storage facilities must be— ground. (1) Constructed of noncombustible § 75.1902 Underground diesel fuel stor- materials, including floors, roofs, roof age—general requirements. supports, doors, and door frames. Ex- posed coal within fuel storage areas (a) All diesel fuel must be stored in: must be covered with noncombustible (1) Diesel fuel tanks in permanent materials. If bulkheads are used they underground diesel fuel storage facili- must be tightly sealed and must be ties; built of or covered with noncombus- (2) Diesel fuel tanks on diesel fuel tible materials; transportation units in permanent un- (2) Provided with either self-closing derground diesel fuel storage facilities doors or a means for automatic enclo- or in temporary underground fuel stor- sure; age areas; or (3) Provided with a means for person- (3) Safety cans. nel to enter and exit the facility after (b) The total capacity of stationary closure; diesel fuel tanks in permanent under- (4) Ventilated with intake air that is ground diesel fuel storage facilities coursed into a return air course or to must not exceed 1000 gallons. the surface and that is not used to ven- (c)(1) Only one temporary under- tilate working places, using ventila- ground diesel fuel storage area is per- tion controls meeting the requirements mitted for each working section or in of § 75.333(e); each area of the mine where equipment (5) Equipped with an automatic fire is being installed or removed. suppression system that meets the re- (2) The temporary underground diesel quirements of § 75.1912. Actuation of fuel storage area must be located— the automatic fire suppression system (i) Within 500 feet of the loading shall initiate the means for automatic point; enclosure;
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(6) Provided with a means of contain- any buildup pressure before heat is ap- ment capable of holding 150 percent of plied. the maximum capacity of the fuel stor- (2) Diesel fuel shall not be allowed to age system; and enter pipelines, tanks, or containers (7) Provided with a competent con- that have been welded, soldered, crete floor or equivalent to prevent brazed, or cut until the metal has fuel spills from saturating the mine cooled to ambient temperature. floor. (b) Permanent underground diesel § 75.1904 Underground diesel fuel fuel storage facilities and temporary tanks and safety cans. underground diesel fuel storage areas (a) Diesel fuel tanks used under- must be— ground shall— (1) Equipped with at least 240 pounds (1) Have steel walls of a minimum 3⁄16- of rock dust and provided with two inch thickness, or walls made of other portable multipurpose dry chemical metal of a thickness that provides type (ABC) fire extinguishers that are equivalent strength; listed or approved by a nationally rec- (2) Be protected from corrosion; ognized independent testing laboratory (3) Be of seamless construction or and have a 10A:60B:C or higher rating. have liquid tight welded seams; Both fire extinguishers must be easily (4) Not leak; and accessible to personnel, and at least (5) For stationary tanks in perma- one fire extinguisher must be located nent underground diesel fuel storage outside of the storage facility or area facilities, be placed on supports con- upwind of the facility, in intake air; or structed of noncombustible material so (2) Provided with three portable mul- that the tanks are at least 12 inches tipurpose dry chemical type (ABC) fire above the floor. extinguishers that are listed or ap- (b) Underground diesel fuel tanks proved by a nationally recognized inde- must be provided with— pendent testing laboratory and have a (1) Devices for emergency venting de- 10A:60B:C or higher rating. All fire ex- signed to open at a pressure not to ex- tinguishers must be easily accessible to ceed 2.5 psi according to the follow- personnel, and at least one fire extin- ing— guisher must be located outside of the (i) Tanks with a capacity greater storage facility or area upwind of the than 500 gallons must have an emer- facility, in intake air. gency venting device whose area is (3) Identified with conspicuous mark- equivalent to a pipe with a nominal in- ings designating diesel fuel storage; side diameter of 5 inches or greater; and and (4) Maintained to prevent the accu- (ii) Tanks with a capacity of 500 gal- mulation of water. lons or less must have an emergency (c) Welding or cutting other than venting device whose area is equivalent that performed in accordance with to a pipe with a nominal inside diame- paragraph (d) of this section shall not ter of 4 inches or greater. be performed within 50 feet of a perma- (2) Tethered or self-closing caps for nent underground diesel fuel storage stationary tanks in permanent under- facility or a temporary underground ground diesel fuel storage facilities and diesel fuel storage area. self-closing caps for diesel fuel tanks (d) When it is necessary to weld, cut, on diesel fuel transportation units; or solder pipelines, tanks, or other con- (3) Vents to permit the free discharge tainers that may have contained diesel of liquid, at least as large as the fill or fuel, these practices shall be followed: withdrawal connection, whichever is (1) Cutting or welding shall not be larger, but not less than 11⁄4 inch nomi- performed on or within pipelines, nal inside diameter; tanks, or other containers that have (4) Liquid tight connections for all contained diesel fuel until they have tank openings that are— been thoroughly purged and cleaned or (i) Identified by conspicuous mark- inerted and a vent or opening is pro- ings that specify the function; and vided to allow for sufficient release of (ii) Closed when not in use.
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(5) Vent pipes that drain toward the (ii) A hose equipped with a self-clos- tank without sagging and are higher ing valve and no latch-open device; and than the fill pipe opening; (iii) An anti-siphoning device. (6) Shutoff valves located as close as (c) Diesel fuel must not be dispensed practicable to the tank shell on each using compressed gas. connection through which liquid can (d) Diesel fuel must not be dispensed normally flow; and to the fuel tank of diesel-powered (7) An automatic closing, heat-actu- equipment while the equipment engine ated valve on each withdrawal connec- is running. tion below the liquid level. (c) When tanks are provided with (e) Powered pumps shall be shut off openings for manual gauging, liquid when fuel is not being dispensed. tight, tethered or self-closing caps or covers must be provided and must be § 75.1905–1 Diesel fuel piping systems. kept closed when not open for gauging. (a) Diesel fuel piping systems from (d) Surfaces of the tank and its asso- the surface must be designed and oper- ciated components must be protected ated as dry systems, unless an auto- against damage by collision. matic shutdown is incorporated that (e) Before being placed in service, prevents accidental loss or spillage of tanks and their associated components fuel and that activates an alarm sys- must be tested for leakage at a pres- tem. sure equal to the working pressure, ex- (b) All piping, valves and fittings cept tanks and components connected must be— directly to piping systems, which must (1) Capable of withstanding working be properly designed for the applica- pressures and stresses; tion. (2) Capable of withstanding four (f) Safety cans must be: (1) Limited to a nominal capacity of times the static pressures; 5 gallons or less; (3) Compatible with diesel fuel; and (2) Equipped with a flexible or rigid (4) Maintained in a manner that pre- tubular nozzle attached to a valved vents leakage. spout; (c) Pipelines must have manual shut- (3) Provided with a vent valve de- off valves installed at the surface fill- signed to open and close simulta- ing point, and at the underground dis- neously and automatically with the charge point. opening and closing of the pouring (d) If diesel fuel lines are not buried valve; and in the ground sufficiently to protect (4) Designed so that they will safely them from damage, shutoff valves must relieve internal pressure when exposed be located every 300 feet. to fire. (e) Shutoff valves must be installed at each branch line where the branch § 75.1905 Dispensing of diesel fuel. line joins the main line. (a) Diesel-powered equipment in un- (f) An automatic means must be pro- derground coal mines may be refueled vided to prevent unintentional transfer only from safety cans, from tanks on of diesel fuel from the surface into the diesel fuel transportation units, or permanent underground diesel fuel from stationary tanks. storage facility. (b) Fuel that is dispensed from other than safety cans must be dispensed by (g) Diesel fuel piping systems from means of— the surface shall only be used to trans- (1) Gravity feed with a hose equipped port diesel fuel directly to stationary with a nozzle with a self-closing valve tanks or diesel fuel transportation and no latch-open device; units in a permanent underground die- (2) A manual pump with a hose sel fuel storage facility. equipped with a nozzle containing a (h) The diesel fuel piping system self-closing valve; or must not be located in a borehole with (3) A powered pump with: electric power cables. (i) An accessible emergency shutoff (i) Diesel fuel piping systems located switch for each nozzle; in entries must not be located on the
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same side of the entry as electric ca- (j) When the distance between a die- bles or power lines. Where it is nec- sel fuel transportation unit and an en- essary for piping systems to cross elec- ergized trolley wire at any location is tric cables or power lines, guarding less than 12 inches, the requirements of must be provided to prevent severed § 75.1003–2 must be followed. electrical cables or power lines near (k) Diesel fuel shall not be trans- broken fuel lines. ported on or with mantrips or on con- (j) Diesel fuel piping systems must be veyor belts. protected and located to prevent phys- (l) Diesel fuel shall be stored and ical damage. handled in accordance with the re- quirements of §§ 75.1902 through 75.1906 § 75.1906 Transport of diesel fuel. of this part as of November 25, 1997. (a) Diesel fuel shall be transported [61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996, as amended at 63 only by diesel fuel transportation units FR 12647, Mar. 16, 1998] or in safety cans. (b) No more than one safety can shall § 75.1907 Diesel-powered equipment be transported on a vehicle at any intended for use in underground time. The can must be protected from coal mines. damage during transport. All other (a) As of November 25, 1996 all diesel- safety cans must be stored in perma- powered equipment used where permis- nent underground diesel fuel storage sible electrical equipment is required facilities. must be approved under part 36 of this (c) Safety cans that leak must be chapter. promptly removed from the mine. (b) Diesel-powered equipment ap- (d) Diesel fuel transportation unit proved under part 36 of this chapter tanks and safety cans must be con- must be provided with additional safe- spicuously marked as containing diesel ty features in accordance with the fol- fuel. lowing time schedule: (e) Diesel fuel transportation units (1) As of April 25, 1997 the equipment must transport no more than 500 gal- must have a safety component system lons of diesel fuel at a time. that limits surface temperatures to (f) Tanks on diesel fuel transpor- those specified in subpart F of part 7 of tation units must be permanently fixed this title; to the unit and have a total capacity of (2) As of November 25, 1999 the equip- no greater than 500 gallons of diesel ment must have an automatic or man- fuel. ual fire suppression system that meets (g) Non-self-propelled diesel fuel the requirements of § 75.1911 of this transportation units with electrical part, and at least one portable multi- components for dispensing fuel that are purpose dry chemical type (ABC) fire connected to a source of electrical extinguisher, listed or approved by a power must be protected by a fire sup- nationally recognized independent pression device that meets the require- testing laboratory and having a ments of §§ 75.1107–3 through 75.1107–6, 10A:60B:C or higher rating. The fire ex- and §§ 75.1107–8 through 75.1107–16. tinguisher must be located within easy (h) Diesel fuel transportation units reach of the equipment operator and be and vehicles transporting safety cans protected from damage by collision. containing diesel fuel must have at (3) As of November 25, 1999 the equip- least two multipurpose, dry chemical ment must have a brake system that type (ABC) fire extinguishers, listed or meets the requirements of § 75.1909 approved by a nationally recognized (b)(6), (b)(7), (b)(8), (c), (d), and (e); independent testing laboratory and (4) As of November 25, 1997 a particu- having a 10A:60B:C or higher rating, late index and dilution air quantity with one fire extinguisher provided on shall be determined for the equipment each side of the vehicle. in accordance with subpart E of part 7 (i) Diesel fuel transportation units of this chapter; and shall be parked only in permanent un- (5) Permissible diesel-powered equip- derground diesel fuel storage facilities ment manufactured on or after Novem- or temporary underground diesel fuel ber 25, 1999 and that is used in an un- storage areas when not in use. derground coal mine shall incorporate
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a power package approved in accord- ommendations, and an air filter service ance with part 7, subpart F of this indicator set in accordance with the chapter. engine manufacturer’s recommenda- (c) As of November 25, 1999 non- tions; permissible diesel-powered equipment, (2) At least one portable multipur- except the special category of equip- pose dry chemical type (ABC) fire ex- ment under § 75.1908(d), shall meet the tinguisher listed or approved by a na- requirements of §§ 75.1909 and 75.1910 of tionally recognized independent test- this part. ing laboratory with a 10A:60B:C or higher rating. The fire extinguisher § 75.1908 Nonpermissible diesel-pow- must be located within easy reach of ered equipment; categories. the equipment operator and protected (a) Heavy-duty diesel-powered equip- from damage; ment includes— (3) A fuel system specifically de- (1) Equipment that cuts or moves signed for diesel fuel meeting the fol- rock or coal; lowing requirements: (2) Equipment that performs drilling (i) A fuel tank and fuel lines that do or bolting functions; not leak; (3) Equipment that moves longwall (ii) A fuel tank that is substantially components; constructed and protected against (4) Self-propelled diesel fuel transpor- damage by collision; tation units and self-propelled lube (iii) A vent opening that maintains units; or atmospheric pressure in the fuel tank, (5) Machines used to transport port- and that is designed to prevent fuel able diesel fuel transportation units or from splashing out of the vent opening; portable lube units. (iv) A self-closing filler cap on the (b) Light-duty diesel-powered equip- fuel tank; ment is any diesel-powered equipment (v) The fuel tank, filler and vent that does not meet the criteria of para- must be located so that leaks or spill- graph (a). age during refueling will not contact (c) For the purposes of this subpart, hot surfaces; the following equipment is considered (vi) Fuel line piping must be either attended: steel-wire reinforced; synthetic elas- (1) Any machine or device operated tomer-covered hose suitable for use by a miner; or with diesel fuel that has been tested (2) Any machine or device that is and has been determined to be fire-re- mounted in the direct line of sight of a sistant by the manufacturer; or metal; job site located within 500 feet of such (vii) Fuel line piping must be machine or device, which job site is oc- clamped; cupied by a miner. (d) Diesel-powered ambulances and (viii) Primary fuel lines must be lo- fire fighting equipment are a special cated so that fuel line leaks do not con- category of equipment that may be tact hot surfaces; used underground only in accordance (ix) The fuel lines must be separated with the mine fire fighting and evacu- from electrical wiring and protected ation plan under § 75.1101–23. from damage in ordinary use; (x) A manual shutoff valve must be § 75.1909 Nonpermissible diesel-pow- installed in the fuel system as close as ered equipment; design and per- practicable to the tank; and formance requirements. (xi) A water separator and fuel fil- (a) Nonpermissible diesel-powered ter(s) must be provided. equipment, except for the special cat- (4) A sensor to monitor the tempera- egory of equipment under § 75.1908(d), ture and provide a visual warning of an must be equipped with the following overheated cylinder head on air-cooled features: engines; (1) An engine approved under subpart (5) Guarding to protect fuel, hydrau- E of part 7 of this title equipped with lic, and electric lines when such lines an air filter sized in accordance with pass near rotating parts or in the event the engine manufacturer’s rec- of shaft failure;
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(6) Hydraulic tanks, fillers, vents, fluid is released when the equipment and lines located to prevent spillage or operator is no longer in contact with leaks from contacting hot surfaces; the brake activation device. (7) Reflectors or warning lights (c) Self-propelled nonpermissible mounted on the equipment which can heavy-duty diesel-powered equipment be readily seen in all directions; under § 75.1908(a), except rail-mounted (8) A means to direct exhaust gas equipment, shall be provided with a away from the equipment operator, supplemental braking system that: persons on board the machine, and (1) Engages automatically within 5 combustible machine components; seconds of the shutdown of the engine; (9) A means to prevent unintentional (2) Safely brings the equipment when free and uncontrolled descent of per- fully loaded to a complete stop on the sonnel-elevating work platforms; and maximum grade on which it is oper- (10) A means to prevent the spray ated; from ruptured hydraulic or lubricating (3) Holds the equipment stationary, oil lines from being ignited by contact despite any contraction of brake parts, with engine exhaust system component exhaustion of any nonmechanical surfaces. source of energy, or leakage; (b) Self-propelled nonpermissible die- (4) Releases only by a manual control sel-powered equipment must have the that does not operate any other equip- following features in addition to those ment function; in paragraph (a): (5) Has a means in the equipment op- (1) A means to ensure that no stored erator’s compartment to apply the hydraulic energy that will cause ma- brakes manually without the engine chine articulation is available after the operating, and a means to release and engine is shut down; reengage the brakes without shutting (2) A neutral start feature which en- down the engine; and sures that engine cranking torque will (6) Has a means to ensure that the not be transmitted through the supplemental braking system is re- powertrain and cause machine move- leased before the equipment can be ment on vehicles utilizing fluid power trammed, and is designed to ensure the transmissions; brake is fully released at all times (3) For machines with steering while the equipment is trammed. wheels, brake pedals, and accelerator (d) Self-propelled nonpermissible pedals, controls which are of auto- light-duty diesel-powered equipment mobile orientation; under § 75.1908(b), except rail-mounted (4) An audible warning device conven- equipment, must be provided with a iently located near the equipment op- parking brake that holds the fully erator; loaded equipment stationary on the (5) Lights provided and maintained maximum grade on which it is operated on both ends of the equipment. Equip- despite any contraction of the brake ment normally operated in both direc- parts, exhaustion of any nonmechani- tions must be equipped with headlights cal source of energy, or leakage. for both directions; (e) The supplemental and park brake (6) Service brakes that act on each systems required by paragraphs (c) and wheel of the vehicle and that are de- (d) must be applied when the equip- signed such that failure of any single ment operator is not at the controls of component, except the brake actuation the equipment, except during move- pedal or other similar actuation de- ment of disabled equipment. vice, must not result in a complete loss (f) Self-propelled personnel-elevating of service braking capability; work platforms must be provided with (7) Service brakes that safely bring a means to ensure that the parking the fully loaded vehicle to a complete braking system is released before the stop on the maximum grade on which equipment can be trammed, and must it is operated; and be designed to ensure the brake is fully (8) No device that traps a column of released at all times while the equip- fluid to hold the brake in the applied ment is trammed. position shall be installed in any brake (g) Any nonpermissible equipment system, unless the trapped column of that discharges its exhaust directly
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into a return air course must be pro- by fuses or other automatic circuit-in- vided with a power package approved terrupting devices; under subpart F of part 7 of this title. (d) The electrical system shall be (h) Self-propelled nonpermissible equipped with a circuit-interrupting heavy-duty diesel-powered equipment device by means of which all power meeting the requirements of § 75.1908(a) conductors can be deenergized. The de- must be provided with an automatic vice must be located as close as prac- fire suppression system meeting the re- ticable to the battery terminals and be quirements of § 75.1911. designed to operate within its elec- (i) Self-propelled nonpermissible trical rating without damage. The de- light-duty diesel-powered equipment vice shall not automatically reset after meeting the requirements of § 75.1908(b) being actuated. All magnetic circuit- must be provided with an automatic or interrupting devices must be mounted manual fire suppression system meet- in a manner to preclude their closing ing the requirements of § 75.1911. by force of gravity; (j) Nonpermissible equipment that is (e) Each motor and charging genera- not self-propelled must have the fol- tor must be protected by an automatic lowing features in addition to those overcurrent device. One protective de- listed in paragraph (a): vice will be acceptable when two mo- (1) A means to prevent inadvertent tors of the same rating operate simul- movement of the equipment when taneously and perform virtually the parked; same duty; (2) Safety chains or other suitable (f) Each ungrounded conductor must secondary connections on equipment have insulation compatible with the that is being towed; and impressed voltage. Insulation mate- (3) An automatic fire suppression sys- rials must be resistant to deterioration tem meeting the requirements of § 75.1911. from engine heat and oil. Electric con- ductors must meet the applicable re- [61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996; 62 FR 34641, June quirements of §§ 75.513 and 75.513–1, ex- 27, 1997] cept electric conductors for starting motors, which must only meet the re- § 75.1910 Nonpermissible diesel-pow- quirements of § 75.513; ered equipment; electrical system design and performance require- (g) All wiring must have adequate ments. mechanical protection to prevent dam- Electrical circuits and components age to the cable that might result in associated with or connected to elec- short circuits; trical systems on nonpermissible die- (h) Sharp edges and corners must be sel-powered equipment utilizing stor- removed at all points where there is a age batteries and integral charging possibility of damaging wires, cables, systems, except for the special cat- or conduits by cutting or abrasion. The egory of equipment under § 75.1908(d), insulation of the cables within a bat- must conform to the following require- tery box must be protected against ab- ments: rasion; (a) Overload and short circuit protec- (i) When insulated wires other than tion must be provided for electric cir- cables pass through metal frames, the cuits and components in accordance holes must be substantially bushed with §§ 75.518 and 75.518–1 of this part; with insulated bushings. Cables must (b) Each electric conductor from the enter metal frames of motors, splice battery to the starting motor must be boxes, and electric components only protected against short circuit by fuses through proper fittings. All electrical or other circuit-interrupting devices connections and splices must be me- placed as near as practicable to the chanically and electrically efficient, battery terminals; and suitable connectors shall be used. (c) Each branch circuit conductor All electrical connectors or splices in connected to the main circuit between insulated wire must be reinsulated at the battery and charging generator least to the same degree of protection must be protected against short circuit as the remainder of the wire;
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(j) The battery must be secured to specifications and the limitations of prevent movement, and must be pro- the listing or approval. tected from external damage by posi- (2) The system shall be installed in a tion. Batteries that are not protected protected location or guarded to mini- from external damage by position must mize physical damage from routine ve- be enclosed in a battery box. Flame-re- hicle operations. sistant insulation treated to resist (3) Suppressant agent distribution chemical reaction to electrolyte must tubing or piping shall be secured and be provided on battery connections to protected against damage, including prevent battery terminals from con- pinching, crimping, stretching, abra- tacting conducting surfaces; sion, and corrosion. (k) A battery box, including the (4) Discharge nozzles shall be posi- cover, must be constructed of steel tioned and aimed for maximum fire with a minimum thickness of 1⁄8 inch, suppression effectiveness. Nozzles shall or of a material other than steel that also be protected against the entrance provides equivalent strength; of foreign materials such as mud, coal (l) Battery-box covers must be lined dust, or rock dust. with a flame-resistant insulating mate- (b) The fire suppression system shall rial permanently attached to the un- provide fire suppression and, if auto- derside of the cover, unless equivalent matic, fire detection for the engine in- protection is provided. Battery-box cluding the starter, transmission, hy- covers must be provided with a means draulic pumps and tanks, fuel tanks, for securing them in closed position. At exposed brake units, air compressors least 1⁄2 inch of air space must be pro- and battery areas on diesel-powered vided between the underside of the equipment and electric panels or con- cover and the top of the battery, in- trols used on fuel transportation units cluding terminals; and other areas as necessary. (m) Battery boxes must be provided (c) If automatic, the fire suppression with ventilation openings to prevent system shall include audible and visual the accumulation of flammable or alarms to warn of fires or system toxic gases or vapors within the bat- faults. tery box. The size and locations of (d) The fire suppression system shall openings for ventilation must prevent provide for automatic engine shut- direct access to battery terminals; down. If the fire suppression system is (n) The battery must be insulated automatic, engine shutdown and dis- from the battery-box walls and sup- charge of suppressant agent may be de- ported on insulating materials. Insu- layed for a maximum of 15 seconds lating materials that may be subject to after the fire is detected by the system. chemical reaction with electrolyte (e) The fire suppression system shall must be treated to resist such action; be operable by at least two manual ac- and tuators. One actuator shall be located (o) Drainage holes must be provided on each side of the equipment. If the in the bottom of each battery box. equipment is provided with an opera- tor’s compartment, one of the manual § 75.1911 Fire suppression systems for actuators shall be located in the com- diesel-powered equipment and fuel partment within reach of the operator. transportation units. (f) The fire suppression system shall (a) The fire suppression system re- remain operative in the event of engine quired by §§ 75.1907 and 75.1909 shall be a shutdown, equipment electrical system multipurpose dry chemical type (ABC) failure, or failure of any other equip- fire suppression system listed or ap- ment system. proved by a nationally recognized inde- (g) The electrical components of each pendent testing laboratory and appro- fire suppression system installed on priate for installation on diesel-pow- equipment used where permissible elec- ered equipment and fuel transportation tric equipment is required shall be per- units. missible or intrinsically safe and such (1) The system shall be installed in components shall be maintained in per- accordance with the manufacturer’s missible or intrinsically safe condition.
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(h) Electrically operated detection § 75.1912 Fire suppression systems for and actuation circuits shall be mon- permanent underground diesel fuel itored and provided with status indica- storage facilities. tors showing power and circuit con- (a) The fire suppression system re- tinuity. If the system is not elec- quired by § 75.1903 shall be an auto- trically operated, a means shall be pro- matic multipurpose dry chemical type vided to indicate the functional readi- (ABC) fire suppression system listed or ness status of the detection system. approved as an engineered dry chemi- (i) Each fire suppression system shall cal extinguishing system by a nation- be tested and maintained in accordance ally recognized independent testing with the manufacturer’s recommended laboratory and appropriate for installa- inspection and maintenance program tion at a permanent underground diesel fuel storage facility. and as required by the nationally rec- (1) Alternate types of fire suppression ognized independent testing laboratory systems shall be approved in accord- listing or approval, and be visually in- ance with § 75.1107–13 of this part. spected at least once each week by a (2) The system shall be installed in person trained to make such inspec- accordance with the manufacturer’s tions. specifications and the limitations of (j) Recordkeeping Persons performing the listing or approval. inspections and tests of fire suppres- (3) The system shall be installed in a sion systems under paragraph (i) shall protected location or guarded to pre- record when a fire suppression system vent physical damage from routine op- does not meet the installation or main- erations. tenance requirements of this section. (4) Suppressant agent distribution (1) The record shall include the tubing or piping shall be secured and equipment on which the fire suppres- protected against damage, including sion system did not meet the installa- pinching, crimping, stretching, abra- sion, and corrosion. tion or maintenance requirements of (5) Discharge nozzles shall be posi- this section, the defect found, and the tioned and aimed for maximum fire corrective action taken. suppression effectiveness in the pro- (2) Records are to be kept manually tected areas. Nozzles must also be pro- in a secure manner not susceptible to tected against the entrance of foreign alteration or recorded electronically in materials such as mud, coal dust, and a secured computer system that is not rock dust. susceptible to alteration. (b) The fire suppression system shall (3) Records shall be maintained at a provide automatic fire detection and surface location at the mine for one automatic fire suppression for all areas year and made available for inspection within the facility. by an authorized representative of the (c) Audible and visual alarms to warn Secretary and miners’ representatives. of fire or system faults shall be pro- (k) All miners normally assigned to vided at the protected area and at a the active workings of the mine shall surface location which is continually be instructed about the hazards inher- monitored by a person when personnel are underground. In the event of a fire, ent to the operation of the fire suppres- personnel shall be warned in accord- sion systems and, where appropriate, ance with the provisions set forth in the safeguards available for each sys- § 75.1101–23. tem. (d) The fire suppression system shall (l) For purposes of § 75.380(f), a fire deenergize all power to the diesel fuel suppression system installed on diesel- storage facility when actuated except powered equipment and meeting the re- that required for automatic enclosure quirements of this section is equivalent and alarms. to a fire suppression system meeting (e) Fire suppression systems shall in- the requirements of §§ 75.1107–3 through clude two manual actuators located as 75.1107–16. follows:
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(1) At least one within the fuel stor- § 75.1913 Starting aids. age facility; and (a) Volatile fuel starting aids shall be (2) At least one a safe distance away used in accordance with recommenda- from the storage facility and located in tions provided by the starting aid man- intake air, upwind of the storage facil- ufacturer, the engine manufacturer, ity. and the machine manufacturer. (f) The fire suppression system shall (b) Containers of volatile fuel start- remain operational in the event of ing aids shall be conspicuously marked electrical system failure. to indicate the contents. When not in (g) Electrically operated detection use, containers of volatile fuel starting and actuation circuits shall be mon- aids shall be stored in metal enclosures itored and provided with status indica- that are used only for storage of start- tors showing power and circuit con- ing aids. Such metal enclosures must tinuity. If the system is not elec- be conspicuously marked, secured, and protected from damage. trically operated, a means shall be pro- (c) Volatile fuel starting aids shall vided to indicate the functional readi- not be: ness status of the detection system. (1) Taken into or used in areas where (h) Each fire suppression system permissible equipment is required; shall be tested and maintained in ac- (2) Used in the presence of open cordance with the manufacturer’s rec- flames or burning flame safety lamps, ommended inspection and maintenance or when welding or cutting is taking program and as required by the nation- place; or ally recognized independent testing (3) Used in any area where 1.0 percent laboratory listing or approval, and be or greater concentration of methane is visually inspected at least once each present. week by a person trained to make such (d) Compressed oxygen or compressed inspections. flammable gases shall not be connected (i) Recordkeeping. Persons performing to diesel air-start systems. inspections and tests of fire suppres- § 75.1914 Maintenance of diesel-pow- sion systems under paragraph (h) shall ered equipment. record when a fire suppression system (a) Diesel-powered equipment shall does not meet the installation or main- be maintained in approved and safe tenance requirements of this section. condition or removed from service. (1) The record shall include the facil- (b) Maintenance and repairs of ap- ity whose fire suppression system did proved features and those features re- not meet the installation or mainte- quired by §§ 75.1909 and 75.1910 on diesel- nance requirements of this section, the powered equipment shall be made only defect found, and the corrective action by a person qualified under § 75.1915. taken. (c) The water scrubber system on die- (2) Records are to be kept manually sel-powered equipment shall be drained in a secure manner not susceptible to and flushed, by a person who is trained alteration or recorded electronically in to perform this task, at least once on a secured computer system that is not each shift in which the equipment is susceptible to alteration. operated. (3) Records shall be maintained at a (d) The intake air filter on diesel- surface location at the mine for one powered equipment shall be replaced or year and made available for inspection serviced, by a person who is trained to by an authorized representative of the perform this task, when the intake air pressure drop device so indicates or Secretary and miners’ representatives. when the engine manufacturer’s maxi- (j) All miners normally assigned to mum allowable air pressure drop level the active workings of the mine shall is exceeded. be instructed about the hazards inher- (e) Mobile diesel-powered equipment ent to the operation of the fire suppres- that is to be used during a shift shall sion systems and, where appropriate, be visually examined by the equipment the safeguards available for each sys- operator before being placed in oper- tem. ation. Equipment defects affecting
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safety shall be reported promptly to ized representative of the Secretary the mine operator. and by miners’ representatives. (f) All diesel-powered equipment (i) Diesel-powered equipment must be shall be examined and tested weekly by maintained in accordance with this a person qualified under § 75.1915. part as of November 25, 1997. (1) Examinations and tests shall be conducted in accordance with approved § 75.1915 Training and qualification of checklists and manufacturers’ mainte- persons working on diesel-powered nance manuals. equipment. (2) Persons performing weekly exami- (a) To be qualified to perform main- nations and tests of diesel-powered tenance, repairs, examinations and equipment under this paragraph shall tests on diesel-powered equipment, as make a record when the equipment is required by § 75.1914, a person must suc- not in approved or safe condition. The cessfully complete a training and qual- record shall include the equipment ification program that meets the re- that is not in approved or safe condi- quirements of this section. A person tion, the defect found, and the correc- qualified to perform these tasks shall tive action taken. be retrained as necessary to maintain (g) Undiluted exhaust emissions of the ability to perform all assigned die- diesel engines in diesel-powered equip- sel-powered equipment maintenance, ment approved under part 36 and repairs, examinations and tests. heavy-duty nonpermissible diesel-pow- (b) A training and qualification pro- ered equipment as defined in § 75.1908(a) gram under this section must: in use in underground coal mines shall (1) Be presented by a competent in- be tested and evaluated weekly by a structor; person who is trained to perform this (2) Be sufficient to prepare or update task. The mine operator shall develop a person’s ability to perform all as- and implement written standard oper- signed tasks with respect to diesel- ating procedures for such testing and powered equipment maintenance, re- evaluation that specify the following: pairs, examinations and tests; (1) The method of achieving a repeat- (3) Address, at a minimum, the fol- able loaded engine operating condition lowing: for each type of equipment; (i) The requirements of subpart T of (2) Sampling and analytical methods this part; (including calibration of instrumenta- (ii) Use of appropriate power package tion) that are capable of accurately de- or machine checklists to conduct tests tecting carbon monoxide in the ex- to ensure that diesel-powered equip- pected concentrations; ment is in approved and safe condition, (3) The method of evaluation and in- with acceptable emission levels; terpretation of the results; (iii) Proper maintenance of approved (4) The concentration or changes in features and the correct use of the ap- concentration of carbon monoxide that propriate maintenance manuals, in- will indicate a change in engine per- cluding machine adjustments, service, formance. Carbon monoxide concentra- and assembly; tion shall not exceed 2500 parts per mil- (iv) Diesel-powered equipment fire lion; and suppression system tests and mainte- (5) The maintenance of records nec- nance; essary to track engine performance. (v) Fire and ignition sources and (h) Recordkeeping. Records required their control or elimination, including by paragraphs (f)(2) and (g)(5) shall be— cleaning of the equipment; (1) Recorded in a secure book that is (vi) Safe fueling procedures and not susceptible to alteration, or re- maintenance of the fuel system of the corded electronically in a computer equipment; and system that is secure and not suscep- (vii) Intake air system maintenance tible to alteration; and and tests. (2) Retained at a surface location at (4) Include an examination that re- the mine for at least 1 year and made quires demonstration of the ability to available for inspection by an author- perform all assigned tasks with respect
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to diesel-powered equipment mainte- Subpart B—Qualified and Certified Persons nance, repairs, examinations and tests; 77.100 Certified person. and 77.101 Tests for methane and for oxygen de- (5) Be in writing. The written pro- ficiency; qualified person. gram shall include a description of the 77.102 Tests for methane; oxygen deficiency; course content, materials, and teach- qualified person, additional requirement. ing methods for initial training and re- 77.103 Electrical work; qualified person. training. 77.104 Repair of energized surface high volt- (c) Recordkeeping. The operator shall age lines; qualified person. 77.105 Qualified hoistman; slope or shaft maintain a copy of the training and sinking operation; qualifications. qualification program required by this 77.106 Records of certified and qualified per- section and a record of the names of all sons. persons qualified under the program. 77.107 Training programs. (1) The record of the names of quali- 77.107–1 Plans for training programs. fied persons shall be made in a manner that is not susceptible to alteration, or Subpart C—Surface Installations recorded electronically in a computer 77.200 Surface installations; general. system that is secure and not suscep- 77.201 Methane content in surface installa- tible to alteration. tions. (2) The training and qualification 77.201–1 Tests for methane; qualified person; program and record of qualified persons use of approved device. 77.201–2 Methane accumulations; change in are to be kept at surface location of ventilation. the mine and made available for in- 77.202 Dust accumulations in surface instal- spection by an authorized representa- lations. tive of the Secretary and by miners’ 77.203 Use of material or equipment over- representatives. head; safeguards. 77.204 Openings in surface installations; § 75.1916 Operation of diesel-powered safeguards. equipment. 77.205 Travelways at surface installations. 77.206 Ladders; construction; installation (a) Diesel-powered equipment shall and maintenance. be operated at a speed that is consist- 77.207 Illumination. ent with the type of equipment being 77.208 Storage of materials. operated, roadway conditions, grades, 77.209 Surge and storage piles. clearances, visibility, and other traffic. 77.210 Hoisting of materials. (b) Operators of mobile diesel-pow- 77.211 Draw-off tunnels; stockpiling and re- claiming operations; general. ered equipment shall maintain full 77.211–1 Continuous methane monitoring de- control of the equipment while it is in vice; installation and operation; auto- motion. matic deenergization of electric equip- (c) Standardized traffic rules, includ- ment. ing speed limits, signals and warning 77.212 Draw-off tunnel ventilation fans; in- signs, shall be established at each mine stallation. and followed. 77.213 Draw-off tunnel escapeways. 77.214 Refuse piles; general. (d) Except as required in normal min- 77.215 Refuse piles, construction require- ing operations, mobile diesel-powered ments. equipment shall not be idled. 77.215–1 Refuse piles; identification. (e) Diesel-powered equipment shall 77.215–2 Refuse piles; reporting require- not be operated unattended. ments. 77.215–3 Refuse piles; certification. 77.215–4 Refuse piles; abandonment. PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY 77.216 Water, sediment, or slurry impound- STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL ments and impounding structures; gen- MINES AND SURFACE WORK eral. 77.216–1 Water, sediment or slurry impound- AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL ments and impounding structures; iden- MINES tification. 77.216–2 Water, sediment, or slurry im- Subpart A—General poundments and impounding structures; minimum plan requirements; changes or Sec. modifications; certification. 77.1 Scope. 77.216–3 Water, sediment, or slurry im- 77.2 Definitions. poundments and impounding structures;
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inspection requirements; correction of 77.501 Electric distribution circuits and hazards; program requirements. equipment; repair. 77.216–4 Water, sediment or slurry impound- 77.501–1 Qualified person. ments and impounding structures; re- 77.502 Electric equipment; examination, porting requirements; certification. testing, and maintenance. 77.216–5 Water, sediment or slurry impound- 77.502–1 Qualified person. ments and impounding structures; aban- 77.502–2 Electric equipment; frequency of donment. examination and testing. 77.217 Definitions. 77.503 Electric conductors; capacity and in- sulation. Subpart D—Thermal Dryers 77.503–1 Electric conductors. 77.504 Electrical connections or splices; 77.300 Thermal dryers; general. suitability. 77.301 Dryer heating units; operation. 77.505 Cable fittings; suitability. 77.302 Bypass stacks. 77.506 Electric equipment and circuits; over- 77.303 Hot gas inlet chamber dropout doors. load and short-circuit protection. 77.304 Explosion release vents. 77.506–1 Electric equipment and circuits; 77.305 Access to drying chambers, hot gas overload and short circuit protection; inlet chambers and ductwork; installa- minimum requirements. tion and maintenance. 77.507 Electric equipment; switches. 77.306 Fire protection. 77.508 Lightning arresters; ungrounded and 77.307 Thermal dryers; location and instal- exposed power conductors and telephone lation; general. wires. 77.308 Structures housing other facilities; use of partitions. 77.508–1 Lightning arresters; wires entering 77.309 Visual check of system equipment. buildings. 77.309–1 Control stations; location. 77.509 Transformers; installation and guard- 77.310 Control panels. ing. 77.311 Alarm devices. 77.510 Resistors; location and guarding. 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. 77.511 Danger signs at electrical installa- 77.313 Wet-coal feedbins; low-level indica- tions. tors. 77.512 Inspection and cover plates. 77.314 Automatic temperature control in- 77.513 Insulating mats at power switches. struments. 77.514 Switchboard; passageways and clear- 77.315 Thermal dryers; examination and in- ance. spection. 77.515 Bare signal or control wires; voltage. 77.516 Electric wiring and equipment; in- Subpart E—Safeguards for Mechanical stallation and maintenance. Equipment Subpart G—Trailing Cables 77.400 Mechanical equipment guards. 77.401 Stationary grinding machines; pro- 77.600 Trailing cables; short-circuit protec- tective devices. tion; disconnecting devices. 77.402 Hand-held power tools; safety devices. 77.601 Trailing cables or portable cables, 77.403 Mobile equipment; falling object pro- temporary splices. tective structures (FOPS). 77.602 Permanent splicing of trailing cables. 77.403a Mobile equipment; rollover protec- 77.603 Clamping of trailing cables to equip- tive structures (ROPS). ment. 77.403b Incorporation by reference. 77.604 Protection of trailing cables. 77.404 Machinery and equipment; operation 77.605 Breaking trailing cable and power and maintenance. cable connections. 77.405 Performing work from a raised posi- 77.606 Energized trailing cables; handling. tion; safeguards. 77.606–1 Rubber gloves; minimum require- 77.406 Drive belts. ments. 77.407 Power driven pulleys. 77.408 Welding operations. Subpart H—Grounding 77.409 Shovels, draglines, and tractors. 77.410 Mobile equipment; automatic warn- 77.700 Grounding metallic sheaths, armors, ing devices. and conduits enclosing power conductors. 77.411 Compressed air and boilers; general. 77.700–1 Approved methods of grounding. 77.412 Compressed air systems. 77.701 Grounding metallic frames, casings, 77.413 Boilers. and other enclosures of electric equip- ment. Subpart F—Electrical Equipment—General 77.701–1 Approved methods of grounding of equipment receiving power from 77.500 Electric power circuits and electric ungrounded alternating current power equipment deenergization. systems.
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77.701–2 Approved methods of grounding me- 77.807–2 Booms and masts; minimum dis- tallic frames, casings and other enclo- tance from high-voltage lines. sures of electric equipment receiving 77.807–3 Movement of equipment; minimum power from a direct-current power sys- distance from high-voltage lines. tem. 77.808 Disconnecting devices. 77.701–3 Grounding wires; capacity. 77.809 Identification of circuit breakers and 77.701–4 Use of grounding connectors. disconnecting switches. 77.702 Protection other than grounding. 77.810 High-voltage equipment; grounding. 77.703 Grounding frames of stationary high- 77.811 Movement of portable substations voltage equipment receiving power from and transformers. ungrounded delta systems. 77.703–1 Approved methods of grounding. Subpart J—Low- and Medium-Voltage 77.704 Work on high-voltage lines; deener- Alternating Current Circuits gizing and grounding. 77.704–1 Work on high-voltage lines. 77.900 Low- and medium-voltage circuits 77.704–2 Repairs to energized high-voltage serving portable or mobile three-phase lines. alternating current equipment; circuit 77.704–3 Work on energized high-voltage sur- breakers. face lines; reporting. 77.900–1 Testing, examination, and mainte- 77.704–4 Simultaneous repairs. nance of circuit breakers; procedures. 77.704–5 Installation of protective equip- 77.900–2 Testing, examination, and mainte- ment. nance of circuit breakers; record. 77.704–6 Protective clothing; use and inspec- 77.901 Protection of low- and medium-volt- tion. age three-phase circuits. 77.704–7 Protective equipment; inspection. 77.901–1 Grounding resistor; continuous cur- 77.704–8 Protective equipment; testing and rent rating. storage. 77.902 Low- and medium-voltage ground 77.704–9 Operating disconnecting or cutout check monitor circuits. switches. 77.902–1 Fail safe ground check circuits; 77.704–10 Tying into energized high-voltage maximum voltage. surface circuits. 77.902–2 Approved ground check systems not 77.704–11 Use of grounded messenger wires; employing pilot check wires. ungrounded systems. 77.902–3 Attachment of ground conductors 77.705 Guy wires; grounding. and ground check wires to equipment frames; use of separate connections. Subpart I—Surface High-Voltage 77.903 Disconnecting devices. Distribution 77.904 Identification of circuit breakers. 77.905 Connection of single-phase loads. 77.800 High-voltage circuits; circuit break- 77.906 Trailing cables supplying power to ers. low-voltage mobile equipment; ground 77.800–1 Testing, examination, and mainte- wires and ground check wires. nance of circuit breakers; procedures. 77.800–2 Testing, examination, and mainte- Subpart K—Ground Control nance of circuit breakers; record. 77.801 Grounding resistors. 77.1000 Highwalls, pits, and spoil banks; 77.801–1 Grounding resistors; continuous plans. current rating. 77.1000–1 Filing of plan. 77.802 Protection of high-voltage circuits; 77.1001 Stripping; loose material. neutral grounding resistors; disconnect- 77.1002 Box cuts; spoil material placement. ing devices. 77.1003 Benches. 77.803 Fail safe ground check circuits on 77.1004 Ground control; inspection and high-voltage resistance grounded sys- maintenance; general. tems. 77.1005 Scaling highwalls; general. 77.803–1 Fail safe ground check circuits; 77.1006 Highwalls; men working. maximum voltage. 77.1007 Drilling; general. 77.803–2 Ground check systems not employ- 77.1008 Relocation of drills; safeguards. ing pilot check wires; approval by the 77.1009 Drill; operation. Secretary. 77.1010 Collaring holes. 77.804 High-voltage trailing cables; mini- 77.1011 Drill holes; guarding. mum design requirements. 77.1012 Jackhammers; operation; safe- 77.805 Cable couplers and connection boxes; guards. minimum design requirements. 77.1013 Air drills; safeguards. 77.806 Connection of single-phase loads. 77.807 Installation of high-voltage trans- Subpart L—Fire Protection mission cables. 77.807–1 High-voltage powerlines; clearances 77.1100 Fire protection; training and organi- above ground. zation.
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77.1101 Escape and evacuation; plan. 77.1502 Auger holes; restriction against en- 77.1102 Warning signs; smoking and open tering. flame. 77.1503 Augering equipment; overhead pro- 77.1103 Flammable liquids; storage. tection. 77.1104 Accumulations of combustible mate- 77.1504 Auger equipment; operation. rials. 77.1505 Auger holes; blocking. 77.1105 Internal combustion engines; fuel- ing. Subpart Q—Loading and Haulage 77.1106 Battery-charging stations; ventila- tion. 77.1600 Loading and haulage; general. 77.1107 Belt conveyors. 77.1601 Transportation of persons; restric- 77.1108 Firefighting equipment; require- tions. ments; general. 77.1602 Use of aerial tramways to transport 77.1108–1 Type and capacity of firefighting persons. equipment. 77.1603 Trains and locomotives; authorized 77.1109 Quantity and location of firefighting persons. equipment. 77.1604 Transportation of persons; over- 77.1110 Examination and maintenance of crowding. firefighting equipment. 77.1605 Loading and haulage equipment; in- 77.1111 Welding, cutting, soldering; use of stallations. fire extinguisher. 77.1606 Loading and haulage equipment; in- 77.1112 Welding, cutting, soldering with arc spection and maintenance. or flame; safeguards. 77.1607 Loading and haulage equipment; op- eration. Subpart M—Maps 77.1608 Dumping facilities. 77.1200 Mine map. Subpart R—Miscellaneous 77.1201 Certification of mine maps. 77.1202 Availability of mine map. 77.1700 Communications in work areas. 77.1701 Emergency communications; re- Subpart N—Explosives and Blasting quirements. 77.1702 Arrangements for emergency medi- 77.1300 Explosives and blasting. cal assistance and transportation for in- 77.1301 Explosives; magazines. jured persons; reporting requirements; 77.1302 Vehicles used to transport explo- posting requirements. sives. 77.1703 First–Aid training; supervisory em- 77.1303 Explosives; handling and use. ployees. 77.1304 Blasting agents; special provisions. 77.1704 First aid training program; avail- ability of instruction to all miners. Subpart O—Personnel Hoisting 77.1705 First aid training program; retrain- ing of supervisory employees; availabil- 77.1400 Personnel hoists and elevators. ity to all miners. 77.1401 Automatic controls and brakes. 77.1706 First aid training program; mini- 77.1402 Rated capacity. mum requirements. 77.1402–1 Maximum load; posting. 77.1707 First aid equipment; location; mini- 77.1403 Daily examination of hoisting equip- mum requirements. ment. 77.1708 Safety program, instruction of per- 77.1404 Certifications and records of daily sons employed at the mine. examinations. 77.1709 Safety training; inexperienced em- 77.1405 Operation of hoisting equipment ployees. after repairs. 77.1710 Protective clothing; requirements. 77.1710–1 Distinctively colored hard hats or WIRE ROPES hard caps; identification for newly em- 77.1430 Wire ropes; scope. ployed, inexperienced miners. 77.1431 Minimum rope strength. 77.1711 Smoking prohibition. 77.1432 Initial measurement. 77.1712 Reopening mines; notification; in- 77.1433 Examinations. spection prior to mining. 77.1434 Retirement criteria. 77.1713 Daily inspection of surface coal 77.1435 Load end attachments. mine; certified person; reports of inspec- 77.1436 Drum end attachment. tion. 77.1437 End attachment retermination. 77.1438 End attachment replacement. Subpart S—Trolley Wires and Trolley Feeder Wires Subpart P—Auger Mining 77.1800 Cutout switches. 77.1500 Auger mining; planning. 77.1801 Overcurrent protection. 77.1501 Auger mining; inspections. 77.1801–1 Devices for overcurrent protection.
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77.1802 Insulation of trolley wires, trolley § 77.2 Definitions. feeder wires and bare signal wires; guard- ing of trolley wires and trolley feeder For the purpose of this part 77, the wires. term: (a) Active workings means any place Subpart T—Slope and Shaft Sinking in a coal mine where miners are nor- 77.1900 Slopes and shafts; approval of plans. mally required to work or travel; 77.1900–1 Compliance with approved slope (b) American Table of Distances means and shaft sinking plans. the current edition of ‘‘The American 77.1901 Preshift and onshift inspections; re- Table of Distances for Storage of Ex- ports. plosives’’ published by the Institute of 77.1901–1 Methane and oxygen deficiency Makers of Explosives; tests; approved devices. 77.1902 Drilling and mucking operations. (c) Barricaded means to obstruct pas- 77.1902–1 Permissible diesel-powered equip- sage of persons, vehicles, or flying ma- ment. terials; 77.1903 Hoists and hoisting; minimum re- (d) Berm means a pile or mound of quirements. material capable of restraining a vehi- 77.1904 Communications between slope and cle; shaft bottoms and hoist operators. 77.1905 Hoist safeguards; general. (e) Blasting agent means any material 77.1906 Hoists; daily inspection. consisting of a mixture of a fuel and 77.1907 Hoist construction; general. oxidizer which— 77.1908 Hoist installations; use. (1) Is used or intended for use in 77.1908–1 Hoist operation; qualified blasting; hoistman. (2) Is not classed as an explosive by 77.1909 Explosives and blasting; use of per- the Department of Transportation; missible explosives and shot-firing units. 77.1909–1 Use of nonpermissible explosives (3) Contains no ingredient classed as and nonpermissible shot-firing units; ap- an explosive by the Department of proval by Health and Safety District Transportation; and, Manager. (4) Cannot be detonated by a No. 8 77.1910 Explosives and blasting; general. blasting cap when tested as rec- 77.1911 Ventilation of slopes and shafts. ommended in Bureau of Mines Informa- 77.1912 Ladders and stairways. tion Circular 8179. 77.1913 Fire-resistant wood. 77.1914 Electrical equipment. (f) Blasting area means the area near 77.1915 Storage and handling of combustible blasting operations in which concus- materials. sion or flying material can reasonably 77.1916 Welding, cutting, and soldering; fire be expected to cause injury. protection. (g) Blasting cap means a detonator containing a charge of detonating com- Subpart U—Approved Books and Records pound, which is ignited by electric cur- [Reserved] rent, or the spark of a fuse. Used for detonating explosives. AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811, 957, and 961. (h) Blasting circuit means electric cir- SOURCE: 36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, unless cuits used to fire electric detonators or otherwise noted. to ignite an igniter cord by means of an electric starter. Subpart A—General (i) Blasting switch means a switch used to connect a power source to a § 77.1 Scope. blasting circuit. This part 77 sets forth mandatory (j) Box-type magazine means a small, safety standards for bituminous, an- portable magazine used to store lim- thracite, and lignite surface coal ited quantities of explosives or deto- mines, including open pit and auger nators for short periods of time in loca- mines, and to the surface work areas of tions at the mine which are convenient underground coal mines, pursuant to to the blasting sites at which they will section 101(i) of the Federal Mine Safe- be used. ty and Health Act of 1977. (k) Capped fuse means a length of [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 43 safety fuse to which a detonator has FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978] been attached.
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(l) Capped primer means a package or (1) An individual deemed qualified by cartridge of explosives which is specifi- the Secretary and designated by the cally designed to transmit detonation operator to make tests and examina- to other explosives and which contains tions required by this Part 77; and, a detonator. (2) An individual deemed, in accord- (m) Certified or registered, as applied ance with the minimum requirements to any person means a person certified to be established by the Secretary, or registered by the State in which the qualified by training, education, and coal mine is located to perform duties experience, to perform electrical work, prescribed by this Part 77, except that, to maintain electrical equipment, and in a State where no program of certifi- to conduct examinations and make cation or registration is provided or tests of all electrical equipment. where the program does not meet at (w) Roll protection means a frame- least minimum Federal standards es- work, safety canopy, or similar protec- tablished by the Secretary, such cer- tion for the operator when equipment tification or registration shall be by overturns. the Secretary. (x) Safety can means an approved con- (n) or Detonating cord detonating fuse tainer, of not over 5 gallons capacity, means a flexible cord containing a core having a spring-closing lid and spout of high explosive. cover. (o) Detonator means a device contain- (y) Safety fuse means a train of pow- ing a small detonating charge that is der enclosed in cotton, jute yarn, and used for detonating an explosive, in- cluding, but not limited to blasting waterproofing compounds, which burns caps, exploders, electric detonators, at a uniform rate; used for firing a cap and delay electric blasting caps. containing the detonating compound (p) Electrical grounding means to con- which in turn sets off the explosive nect with the ground to make the charge. earth part of the circuit. (z) Safety switch means a sectional- (q) Explosive means any chemical izing switch that also provides shunt compound, mixture, or device, the pri- protection in blasting circuits between mary or common purpose of which is to the blasting switch and the shot area. function by explosion. Explosives in- (aa) Secretary means the Secretary of clude, but are not limited to black Labor or his delegate. powder, dynamite, nitroglycerin, ful- [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 43 minate, ammonium nitrate when FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978] mixed with a hydrocarbon, and other blasting agents. (r) Flash point means the minimum Subpart B—Qualified and Certified temperature at which sufficient vapor Persons is released by a liquid or solid to form a flammable vapor-air mixture at at- § 77.100 Certified person. mospheric pressure. (a)(1) The provisions of this Part 77 (s) Low voltage means up to and in- require that certain examinations and cluding 660 volts, medium voltage means tests be made by a certified person. A voltages from 661 to 1,000 volts, and certified person within the meaning of high voltage means more than 1,000 these provisions is a person who has volts. been certified in accordance with the (t) Misfire means the complete or par- provisions of paragraph (b) of this tial failure of a blasting charge to ex- § 77.100 to perform the duties, and make plode as planned. the examinations and tests which are (u) Primer or Booster means a package required by this Part 77 to be per- or cartridge of explosive which is de- formed by a certified person. signed specifically to transmit detona- (2) A person who has been so certified tion to other explosives and which does shall also be considered to be a quali- not contain a detonator. fied person within the meaning of those (v) Qualified person means, as the provisions of this Part 77 which require context requires, that certain examinations, tests and
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duties be performed by a qualified per- purposes if he is a certified person for son, except those provisions in Sub- such purposes under § 77.100. parts F, G, H, I, and J of this part re- (b) Pending issuance of Federal lating to performance of electrical standards, a person will be considered a work. qualified person for testing for meth- (b) Pending issuance of Federal ane and oxygen deficiency: standards, a person will be considered, (1) If he has been qualified for this to the extent of the certification, a cer- purpose by the State in which the coal tified person to make examinations, mine is located; or tests and perform duties which are re- (2) If he has been qualified by the quired by this Part 77 to be performed Secretary for these purposes upon a by a certified person: satisfactory showing by the operator of (1) If he has been certified for such the coal mine that each such person purpose by the State in which the coal has been trained and designated by the mine is located; or operator to test for methane and oxy- (2) If this person has been certified gen deficiency. Applications for Sec- for such purpose by the Secretary. A retarial qualification should be submit- person’s initial certification is valid ted in writing to the Mine Safety and for as long as the person continues to Health Administration, Certification satisfy the requirements necessary to and Qualification Center, P.O. Box obtain the certification and is em- 25367, Denver Federal Center, Denver, ployed at the same coal mine or by the Colo. 80225 same independent contractor. The [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 43 mine operator or independent contrac- FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978] tor shall make an application which satisfactorily shows that each such § 77.102 Tests for methane; oxygen de- person has had at least 2 years experi- ficiency; qualified person, addi- ence at a coal mine or equivalent expe- tional requirement. rience, and that each such person dem- Notwithstanding the provisions of onstrates to the satisfaction of an au- § 77.101, on and after December 30, 1971, thorized representative of the Sec- no person shall be a qualified person retary that such person is able and for testing for methane and oxygen de- competent to test for oxygen defi- ficiency unless he has demonstrated to ciency with a permissible flame safety the satisfaction of an authorized rep- lamp, or any other device approved by resentative of the Secretary that he is the Secretary and to test for methane able and competent to make such tests with a portable methane detector ap- and the Mine Safety and Health Ad- proved by the Bureau of Mines, MESA, ministration has issued him a current or MSHA, under Part 22 of this Chapter card which qualifies him to make such (Bureau of Mines Schedule 8C), and to tests. perform such other duties for which ap- plication for certification is made. Ap- § 77.103 Electrical work; qualified per- plications for certification by the Sec- son. retary should be submitted in writing (a) Except as provided in paragraph to the Mine Safety and Health Admin- (f) of this section, an individual is a istration, Certification and Qualifica- qualified person within the meaning of tion Center, P.O. Box 25367, Denver Subparts F, G, H, I, and J of this Part Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225. 77 to perform electrical work (other [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 43 than work on energized surface high- FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978; 54 FR 30515, July 20, voltage lines) if: 1989] (1) He has been qualified as a coal mine electrician by a State that has a § 77.101 Tests for methane and for oxy- coal mine electrical qualification pro- gen deficiency; qualified person. gram approved by the Secretary; or, (a) The provisions of Subparts C, P, (2) He has at least 1 year of experi- R, and T of this Part 77 require that ence in performing electrical work un- tests for methane and for oxygen defi- derground in a coal mine, in the sur- ciency be made by a qualified person. A face work areas of an underground coal person is a qualified person for these mine, in a surface coal mine, in a
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noncoal mine, in the mine equipment his test scores, repeat those on which manufacturing industry, or in any he received an unsatisfactory score. If other industry using or manufacturing further retesting is necessary after his similar equipment, and has satisfac- initial repetition, a minimum of 30 torily completed a coal mine electrical days from the date of receipt of notifi- training program approved by the Sec- cation of the initial retest scores shall retary; or, elapse prior to such further retesting. (3) He has at least 1 year of experi- (f) An individual who has, prior to ence, prior to the date of the applica- November 1, 1972, been qualified to per- tion required by paragraph (c) of this form electrical work specified in Sub- section, in performing electrical work parts F, G, H, I, and J of this Part 77 underground in a coal mine, in the sur- (other than work on energized surface face work areas of an underground coal high-voltage lines) shall continue to be mine, in a surface coal mine, in a qualified until June 30, 1973. To remain noncoal mine, in the mine equipment qualified after June 30, 1973, such indi- manufacturing industry, or in any vidual shall meet the requirements of other industry using or manufacturing either paragraph (a) (1), (2), or (3) of similar equipment, and he attains a this section. satisfactory grade on each of the series (g) An individual qualified in accord- of five written tests approved by the ance with this section shall, in order to Secretary as prescribed in paragraph retain qualification, certify annually (b) of this section. to the District Manager, that he has (b) The series of five written tests ap- satisfactorily completed a coal mine proved by the Secretary shall include electrical retraining program approved the following categories: by the Secretary. (1) Direct current theory and applica- tion; 01(a), Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety (2) Alternating current theory and Act of 1969; 30 U.S.C. 811(a); 83 Stat. 745) application; (3) Electric equipment and circuits; [37 FR 22377, Oct. 19, 1972; 37 FR 28163, Dec. 21, 1972, as amended at 44 FR 9380, Feb. 13, (4) Permissibility of electric equip- 1979; 47 FR 23641, May 28, 1982] ment; and, (5) Requirements of Subparts F § 77.104 Repair of energized surface through J and S of this Part 77. high-voltage lines; qualified person. (c) In order to take the series of five An individual is a qualified person written tests approved by the Sec- within the meaning of § 77.704 of this retary, an individual shall apply to the part for the purpose of repairing ener- District Manager and shall certify that gized surface high-voltage lines only if he meets the requirements of para- he has had at least 2 years experience graph (a)(3) of this section. The tests in electrical maintenance, and at least will be administered in the Coal Mine 2 years experience in the repair of ener- Safety and Health Districts at regular gized high-voltage lines located on intervals, or as demand requires. poles or structures. (d) A score of at least 80 percent on each of the five written tests will be [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 deemed to be a satisfactory grade. Rec- FR 13143, July 15, 1971] ognition shall be given to practical ex- perience in that 1 percentage point § 77.105 Qualified hoistman; slope or shall be added to an individual’s score shaft sinking operation; qualifica- in each test for each additional year of tions. experience beyond the 1 year require- (a)(1) A person is a qualified ment specified in paragraph (a)(3) of hoistman within the provisions of Sub- this section; however, in no case shall part T of this part, for the purpose of an individual be given more than 5 per- operating a hoist at a slope or shaft centage points for such practical expe- sinking operation if he has at least 1 rience. year experience operating a hoist plant (e) An individual may, within 30 days or maintaining hoist equipment and is from the date on which he received no- qualified by any State as a hoistman or tification from the Administration of its equivalency, or
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(2) If a State has no program for courses in performance of the tasks qualifying persons as hoistmen, the which they perform as qualified per- Secretary may qualify persons if the sons. operator of the slope or shaft-sinking [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 operation makes an application and a FR 13143, July 15, 1971; 44 FR 9380, Feb. 13, satisfactory showing that the person 1979; 47 FR 23641, May 28, 1982] has had 1 year of experience operating hoists. A person’s qualification is valid Subpart C—Surface Installations for as long as the person continues to satisfy the requirements for qualifica- § 77.200 Surface installations; general. tion and is employed at the same coal All mine structures, enclosures, or mine or by the same independent con- other facilities (including custom coal tractor. preparation) shall be maintained in (b) Applications for Secretarial quali- good repair to prevent accidents and fication should be submitted to the injuries to employees. Mine Safety and Health Administra- tion, Certification and Qualification § 77.201 Methane content in surface in- Center, P.O. Box 25367, Denver Federal stallations. Center, Denver, Colo. 80225. The methane content in the air of [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 43 any structure, enclosure or other facil- FR 12320, Mar. 24, 1978; 54 FR 30515, July 20, ity shall be less than 1.0 volume per 1989] centum.
§ 77.106 Records of certified and quali- § 77.201–1 Tests for methane; qualified fied persons. person; use of approved device. The operator of each coal mine shall Tests for methane in structures, en- maintain a list of all certified and closures, or other facilities, in which qualified persons designated to perform coal is handled or stored shall be con- duties under this Part 77. ducted by a qualified person with a de- (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. vice approved by the Secretary at least 3501 et seq.)) once during each operating shift, and immediately prior to any repair work [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 60 in which welding or an open flame is FR 33723, June 29, 1995] used, or a spark may be produced.
§ 77.107 Training programs. § 77.201–2 Methane accumulations; Every operator of a coal mine shall change in ventilation. provide a program, approved by the If, at any time, the air in any struc- Secretary, of training and retraining ture, enclosure or other facility con- both qualified and certified persons tains 1.0 volume per centum or more of needed to carry out functions pre- methane changes or adjustments in the scribed in the Act. ventilation of such installation shall be made at once so that the air shall con- § 77.107–1 Plans for training programs. tain less than 1.0 volume per centum of On or before September 30, 1971, each methane. operator shall submit to the District Manager of the Coal Mine Safety and § 77.202 Dust accumulations in surface Health District in which the mine is lo- installations. cated a program or plan setting forth Coal dust in the air of, or in, or on what, when, how, and where he will the surfaces of, structures, enclosures, train and retain persons whose work or other facilities shall not be allowed assignments require that they be cer- to exist or accumulate in dangerous tified or qualified. Such program shall amounts. provide: (a) For certified persons, an- nual training courses in the tasks and § 77.203 Use of material or equipment duties which they perform as certified overhead; safeguards. persons, first aid, principles of mine Where overhead repairs are being rescue, and the provisions of this Part made at surface installations and 77; and (b) for qualified persons, annual equipment or material is taken into
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such overhead work areas, adequate (e) Fixed ladders shall be anchored protection shall be provided for all per- securely and installed to provide at sons working or passing below the least 3 inches of toe clearance. overhead work areas in which such (f) Fixed ladders shall project at least equipment or material is being used. 3 feet above landings, or substantial handholds shall be provided above the § 77.204 Openings in surface installa- tions; safeguards. landings. Openings in surface installations § 77.207 Illumination. through which men or material may fall shall be protected by railings, bar- Illumination sufficient to provide riers, covers or other protective de- safe working conditions shall be pro- vices. vided in and on all surface structures, paths, walkways, stairways, switch § 77.205 Travelways at surface installa- panels, loading and dumping sites, and tions. working areas. (a) Safe means of access shall be pro- vided and maintained to all working § 77.208 Storage of materials. places. (a) Materials shall be stored and (b) Travelways and platforms or stacked in a manner which minimizes other means of access to areas where stumbling or fall-of-material hazards. persons are required to travel or work, (b) Materials that can create hazards shall be kept clear of all extraneous if accidentally liberated from their material and other stumbling or slip- containers shall be stored in a manner ping hazards. that minimizes the dangers. (c) Inclined travelways shall be con- (c) Hazardous materials shall be structed of nonskid material or stored in containers of a type approved equipped with cleats. (d) Regularly used travelways shall for such use by recognized agencies; be sanded, salted, or cleared of snow such containers shall be labeled appro- and ice as soon as practicable. priately. (e) Crossovers, elevated walkways, (d) Compressed and liquid gas cyl- elevated ramps, and stairways shall be inders shall be secured in a safe man- of substantial construction, provided ner. with handrails, and maintained in good (e) Valves on compressed gas cyl- condition. Where necessary toeboards inders shall be protected by covers shall be provided. when being transported or stored, and (f) Crossovers shall be provided where by a safe location when the cylinders it is necessary to cross conveyors. are in use. (g) Moving conveyors shall be crossed only at designated crossover points. § 77.209 Surge and storage piles.
§ 77.206 Ladders; construction; instal- No person shall be permitted to walk lation and maintenance. or stand immediately above a reclaim- ing area or in any other area at or near (a) Ladders shall be of substantial a surge or storage pile where the re- construction and maintained in good condition. claiming operation may expose him to (b) Wooden members of ladders shall a hazard. not be painted. (c) Steep or vertical ladders which § 77.210 Hoisting of materials. are used regularly at fixed locations (a) Hitches and slings used to hoist shall be anchored securely and pro- materials shall be suitable for handling vided with backguards extending from the type of materials being hoisted. a point not more than 7 feet from the (b) Men shall stay clear of hoisted bottom of the ladder to the top of the loads. ladder. (c) Taglines shall be attached to (d) Fixed ladders shall not incline hoisted materials that require backwards at any point unless provided steadying or guidance. with backguards.
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§ 77.211 Draw-off tunnels; stockpiling be installed which extends from the and reclaiming operations; general. closed end of the tunnel to a safe loca- (a) Tunnels located below stockpiles, tion on the surface; and, if the surge piles, and coal storage silos shall escapeway is inclined more than 30 de- be ventilated so as to maintain con- grees from the horizontal it shall be centrations of methane below 1.0 vol- equipped with a ladder which runs the ume per centum. full length of the inclined portion of (b) In addition to the tests for meth- the escapeway. ane required by § 77.201 such tests shall § 77.214 Refuse piles; general. also be made before any electric equip- ment is energized or repaired, unless (a) Refuse piles constructed on or equipped with a continuous methane after July 1, 1971, shall be located in monitoring device installed and oper- areas which are a safe distance from all ated in accordance with the provisions underground mine airshafts, prepara- of § 77.211–1. Electric equipment shall tion plants, tipples, or other surface in- not be energized, operated, or repaired stallations and such piles shall not be until the air contains less than 1.0 vol- located over abandoned openings or ume per centum of methane. steamlines. (b) Where new refuse piles are con- § 77.211–1 Continuous methane mon- structed over exposed coal beds the ex- itoring device; installation and op- posed coal shall be covered with clay or eration; automatic deenergization other inert material as the piles are of electric equipment. constructed. Continuous methane monitoring de- (c) A fireproof barrier of clay or inert vices shall be set to deenergize auto- material shall be constructed between matically electric equipment when old and new refuse piles. such monitor is not operating properly (d) Roadways to refuse piles shall be and to give a warning automatically fenced or otherwise guarded to restrict when the concentration of methane the entrance of unauthorized persons. reaches a maximum percentage deter- [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 mined by an authorized representative FR 13143, July 15, 1971] of the Secretary which shall not be more than 1.0 volume per centum of § 77.215 Refuse piles; construction re- methane. An authorized representative quirements. of the Secretary shall require such (a) Refuse deposited on a pile shall be monitor to deenergize automatically spread in layers and compacted in such electric equipment when the con- a manner so as to minimize the flow of centration of methane reaches a maxi- air through the pile. mum percentage determined by such (b) Refuse shall not be deposited on a representative which shall not be more burning pile except for the purpose of than 2.0 volume per centum of meth- controlling or extinguishing a fire. ane. (c) Clay or other sealants shall be used to seal the surface of any refuse § 77.212 Draw-off tunnel ventilation pile in which a spontaneous ignition fans; installation. has occurred. When fans are used to ventilate draw- (d) Surface seals shall be kept intact off tunnels the fans shall be: and protected from erosion by drainage (a) Installed on the surface; facilities. (b) Installed in fireproof housings and (e) Refuse piles shall not be con- connected to the tunnel openings with structed so as to impede drainage or fireproof air ducts; and, impound water. (c) Offset from the tunnel opening. (f) Refuse piles shall be constructed in such a manner as to prevent acci- § 77.213 Draw-off tunnel escapeways. dental sliding and shifting of mate- When it is necessary for a tunnel to rials. be closed at one end, an escapeway not (g) No extraneous combustible mate- less than 30 inches in diameter (or of rial shall be deposited on refuse piles. the equivalent, if the escapeway does (h) After October 31, 1975 new refuse not have a circular cross section) shall piles and additions to existing refuse
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piles, shall be constructed in com- § 77.215–2 Refuse piles; reporting re- pacted layers not exceeding 2 feet in quirements. thickness and shall not have any slope (a) The proposed location of a new exceeding 2 horizontal to 1 vertical (ap- refuse pile shall be reported to and ac- proximately 27°) except that the Dis- knowledged in writing by the District trict Manager may approve construc- Manager prior to the beginning of any tion of a refuse pile in compacted lay- work associated with the construction ers exceeding 2 feet in thickness and of the refuse pile. with slopes exceeding 27° where engi- (b) Before May 1, 1976, for existing neering data substantiates that a mini- refuse piles, or within 180 days from mum safety factor of 1.5 for the refuse the date of acknowledgment of the pro- pile will be attained. posed location of a new refuse pile, the (i) Foundations for new refuse piles person owning, operating or control- and additions to existing refuse piles ling a refuse pile shall submit to the shall be cleared of all vegetation and District Manager a report in triplicate undesirable material that according to which contains the following: current, prudent engineering practices (1) The name and address of the per- would adversely affect the stability of son owning, operating or controlling the refuse pile. the refuse pile; the name associated (j) All fires in refuse piles shall be ex- with the refuse pile; the identification tinguished, and the method used shall number of the refuse pile as assigned be in accordance with a plan approved by the District Manager; and the iden- by the District Manager. The plan shall tification number of the mine or prepa- contain as a minimum, provisions to ration plant as assigned by MSHA. ensure that only those persons author- (2) The location of the refuse pile in- ized by the operator, and who have an dicated on the most recent USGS 71⁄2 understanding of the procedure to be minute or 15 minute topographic quad- used, shall be involved in the extin- rangle map, or a topographic map of guishing operation. equivalent scale if a USGS map is not (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 available. (30 U.S.C. 811, 957), Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. (3) A statement of the construction 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)) history of the refuse pile, and a state- ment indicating whether the refuse pile [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 40 has been abandoned in accordance with FR 41776, Sept. 9, 1975; 60 FR 33723, June 29, a plan approved by the District Man- 1995] ager. (4) A topographic map showing at a § 77.215–1 Refuse piles; identification. scale not to exceed 1 inch=400 feet, the A permanent identification marker, present and proposed maximum extent at least six feet high and showing the of the refuse pile and the area 500 feet refuse pile identification number as as- around the proposed maximum perim- signed by the District Manager, the eter. name associated with the refuse pile (5) A statement of whether or not the and the name of the person owning, op- refuse pile is burning. erating or controlling the refuse pile, (6) A description of measures taken shall be located on or immediately ad- to prevent water from being impounded jacent to each refuse pile within the by the refuse pile or contained within time specified in paragraphs (a) or (b) the refuse pile. of this section as applicable. (7) At a scale not to exceed 1 inch=100 (a) For existing refuse piles, markers feet, cross sections of the length and shall be placed before May 1, 1976. width of the refuse pile at sufficient in- (b) For new or proposed refuse piles, tervals to show the approximate origi- markers shall be placed within 30 days nal ground surface, the present con- from acknowledgment of the proposed figuration and the proposed maximum location of a new refuse pile. extent of the refuse pile, and mean sea (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 level elevations at significant points. (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) (8) Any other information pertaining to the stability of the pile which may [40 FR 41776, Sept. 9, 1975] be required by the District Manager.
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(c) The information required by para- and future impoundment of water, and graphs (b)(4) through (b)(8) of this sec- provide for major slope stability. tion shall be reported every twelfth (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 month from the date of original sub- (30 U.S.C. 811, 957), Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. mission for those refuse piles which the 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)) District Manager has determined can present a hazard until the District [40 FR 41776, Sept. 9, 1975, as amended at 60 Manager notifies the operator that the FR 33723, June 29, 1995] hazard has been eliminated. § 77.216 Water, sediment, or slurry im- (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 poundments and impounding struc- (30 U.S.C. 811, 957), Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. tures; general. 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)) (a) Plans for the design, construc- [40 FR 41776, Sept. 9, 1975, as amended at 57 tion, and maintenance of structures FR 7471, Mar. 2, 1992; 60 FR 33723, June 29, which impound water, sediment, or 1995] slurry shall be required if such an ex- isting or proposed impounding struc- § 77.215–3 Refuse piles: certification. ture can: (a) Within 180 days following written (1) Impound water, sediment, or slur- notification by the District Manager ry to an elevation of five feet or more that a refuse pile can present a hazard, above the upstream toe of the struc- the person owning, operating, or con- ture and can have a storage volume of trolling the refuse pile shall submit to 20 acre-feet or more; or the District Manager a certification by (2) Impound water, sediment, or slur- a registered engineer that the refuse ry to an elevation of 20 feet or more pile is being constructed or has been above the upstream toe of the struc- modified in accordance with current, ture; or prudent engineering practices to mini- (3) As determined by the District mize the probability of impounding Manager, present a hazard to coal min- water and failure of such magnitude as ers. to endanger the lives of miners. (b) Plans for the design and construc- (b) After the initial certification re- tion of all new water, sediment, or quired by this section and until the slurry impoundments and impounding District Manager notifies the operator structures which meet the require- that the hazard has been eliminated, ments of paragraph (a) of this section certification shall be submitted every shall be submitted in triplicate to and twelfth month from the date of the ini- be approved by the District Manager tial certification. prior to the beginning of any work as- (c) Certifications required by para- sociated with construction of the im- graphs (a) and (b) of this section shall pounding structure. include all information considered in (c) Before May 1, 1976, a plan for the making the certification. continued use of an existing water, (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 sediment, or slurry impoundment and (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) impounding structure which meets the requirements of paragraph (a) of this [40 FR 41776, Sept. 9, 1975, as amended at 57 section shall be submitted in triplicate FR 7471, Mar. 2, 1992] to the District Manager for approval. (d) The design, construction, and § 77.215–4 Refuse piles; abandonment. maintenance of all water, sediment, or When a refuse pile is to be aban- slurry impoundments and impounding doned, the District Manager shall be structures which meet the require- notified in writing, and if he deter- ments of paragraph (a) of this section mines it can present a hazard, the shall be implemented in accordance refuse pile shall be abandoned in ac- with the plan approved by the District cordance with a plan submitted by the Manager. operator and approved by the District (e) All fires in impounding structures Manager. The plan shall include a shall be extinguished, and the method schedule for its implementation and used shall be in accordance with a plan describe provisions to prevent burning approved by the District Manager. The
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plan shall contain as a minimum, pro- minute or 15 minute topographic quad- visions to ensure that only those per- rangle map, or a topographic map of sons authorized by the operator, and equivalent scale if a USGS map is not who have an understanding of the pro- available. cedures to be used, shall be involved in (3) A statement of the purpose for the extinguishing operation. which the structure is or will be used. (4) The name and size in acres of the (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) watershed affecting the impoundment. (5) A description of the physical and [40 FR 41776, Sept. 9, 1975] engineering properties of the founda- tion materials on which the structure § 77.216–1 Water, sediment or slurry is or will be constructed. impoundments and impounding (6) A statement of the type, size, structures; identification. range, and physical and engineering A permanent identification marker, properties of the materials used, or to at least six feet high and showing the be used, in constructing each zone or identification number of the impound- stage of the impounding structure; the ing structure as assigned by the Dis- method of site preparation and con- trict Manager, the name associated struction of each zone; the approxi- with the impounding structure and mate dates of construction of the name of the person owning, operating, structure and each successive stage; or controlling the structure, shall be and for existing structures, such his- located on or immediately adjacent to tory of construction as may be avail- each water, sediment or slurry im- able, and any record or knowledge of pounding structure within the time structural instability. specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of this (7) At a scale not to exceed 1 inch=100 section as applicable. feet, detailed dimensional drawings of (a) For existing water, sediment or the impounding structure including a slurry impounding structures, markers plan view and cross sections of the shall be placed before May 1, 1976. length and width of the impounding (b) For new or proposed water, sedi- structure, showing all zones, founda- ment, or slurry impounding structures, tion improvements, drainage provi- markers shall be placed within 30 days sions, spillways, diversion ditches, out- from the start of construction. lets, instrument locations, and slope protection, in addition to the measure- (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 ment of the minimum vertical distance (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) between the crest of the impounding [40 FR 41777, Sept. 9, 1975] structure and the reservoir surface at present and under design storm condi- § 77.216–2 Water, sediment, or slurry tions, sediment or slurry level, water impoundments and impounding level and other information pertinent structures; minimum plan require- to the impoundment itself, including ments; changes or modifications; any identifiable natural or manmade certification. features which could affect operation (a) The plan specified in § 77.216, shall of the impoundment. contain as a minimum the following (8) A description of the type and pur- information: pose of existing or proposed instrumen- (1) The name and address of the per- tation. sons owning, operating or controlling (9) Graphs showing area-capacity the impoundment or impounding struc- curves. ture; the name associated with the im- (10) A statement of the runoff attrib- poundment or impounding structure; utable to the probable maximum pre- the identification number of the im- cipitation of 6-hour duration and the pounding structure as assigned by the calculations used in determining such District Manager; and the identifica- runoff. tion number of the mine or preparation (11) A statement of the runoff attrib- plant as assigned by MSHA. utable to the storm for which the (2) The location of the structure indi- structure is designed and the calcula- cated on the most recent USGS 71⁄2 tions used in determining such runoff.
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(12) A description of the spillway and § 77.216–3 Water, sediment, or slurry diversion design features and capac- impoundments and impounding ities and calculations used in their de- structures; inspection require- termination. ments; correction of hazards; pro- gram requirements. (13) The computed minimum factor of safety range for the slope stability of (a) All water, sediment, or slurry im- the impounding structure including poundments that meet the require- methods and calculations used to de- ments of § 77.216(a) shall be examined as termine each factor of safety. follows: (1) At intervals not exceeding 7 days, (14) The locations of surface and un- or as otherwise approved by the Dis- derground coal mine workings includ- trict Manager, for appearances of ing the depth and extent of such work- structural weakness and other hazard- ings within the area 500 feet around the ous conditions. perimeter, shown at a scale not to ex- (2) All instruments shall be mon- ceed one inch=500 feet. itored at intervals not exceeding 7 (15) Provisions for construction sur- days, or as otherwise approved by the veillance, maintenance, and repair of District Manager. the impounding structure. (3) Longer inspection or monitoring (16) General provisions for abandon- intervals approved under this para- ment. graph (a) shall be justified by the oper- (17) A certification by a registered ator based on the hazard potential and engineer that the design of the im- performance of the impounding struc- pounding structure is in accordance ture, and shall include a requirement with current, prudent engineering for inspection immediately after a practices for the maximum volume of specified rain event approved by the water, sediment, or slurry which can be District Manager. (4) All inspections required by this impounded therein and for the passage paragraph (a) shall be performed by a of runoff from the designed storm qualified person designated by the per- which exceeds the capacity of the im- son owning, operating, or controlling poundment; or, in lieu of the certifi- the impounding structure. cation, a report indicating what addi- (b) When a potentially hazardous tional investigations, analyses, or im- condition develops, the person owning, provement work are necessary before operating or controlling the impound- such a certification can be made, in- ing structure shall immediately: cluding what provisions have been (1) Take action to eliminate the po- made to carry out such work in addi- tentially hazardous condition; tion to a schedule for completion of (2) Notify the District Manager; such work. (3) Notify and prepare to evacuate, if (18) Such other information pertain- necessary, all coal miners from coal ing to the stability of the impound- mine property which may be affected ment and impounding structure which by the potentially hazardous condi- may be required by the District Man- tions; and ager. (4) Direct a qualified person to mon- (b) Any changes or modifications to itor all instruments and examine the structure at least once every eight plans for water, sediment, or slurry im- hours, or more often as required by an poundments or impounding structures authorized representative of the Sec- shall be approved by the District Man- retary. ager prior to the initiation of such (c) After each examination and in- changes or modifications. strumentation monitoring referred to (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this sec- (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) tion, each qualified person who con- ducted all or any part of the examina- [40 FR 41777, Sept. 9, 1975] tion or instrumentation monitoring
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shall promptly record the results of or modifications from the District such examination or instrumentation Manager. monitoring in a book which shall be (g) The qualified person or persons available at the mine for inspection by referred to in paragraphs (a), (b)(4), (c), an authorized representative of the (e)(1), and (e)(2) of this section shall be Secretary, and such qualified person trained to recognize specific signs of shall also promptly report the results structural instability and other haz- of the examination or monitoring to ardous conditions by visual observa- one of the persons specified in para- tion and, if applicable, to monitor in- graph (d) of this section. strumentation. (d) All examination and instrumenta- (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 tion monitoring reports recorded in ac- (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) cordance with paragraph (c) of this sec- tion shall include a report of the action [40 FR 41777, Sept. 9, 1975, as amended at 57 taken to abate hazardous conditions FR 7471, Mar. 2, 1992] and shall be promptly signed or countersigned by at least one of the § 77.216–4 Water, sediment or slurry impoundments and impounding following persons: structures; reporting requirements; (1) The mine foreman; certification. (2) The assistant superintendent of (a) Except as provided in paragraph the mine; (b) of this section, every twelfth month (3) The superintendent of the mine; following the date of the initial plan (4) The person designated by the op- approval, the person owning, operating, erator as responsible for health and or controlling a water, sediment, or safety at the mine. slurry impoundment and impounding (e) Before May 1, 1976, the person structure that has not been abandoned owning, operating, or controlling a in accordance with an approved plan water, sediment, or slurry impound- shall submit to the District Manager a ment which meets the requirements of report containing the following infor- § 77.216(a) shall adopt a program for mation: carrying out the requirements of para- (1) Changes in the geometry of the graphs (a) and (b) of this section. The impounding structure for the reporting program shall be submitted for ap- period. proval to the District Manager. The (2) Location and type of installed in- program shall include as a minimum: struments and the maximum and mini- (1) A schedule and procedures for ex- mum recorded readings of each instru- amining the impoundment and im- ment for the reporting period. pounding structure by a designated (3) The minimum, maximum, and qualified person; present depth and elevation of the im- (2) A schedule and procedures for pounded water, sediment, or slurry for monitoring any required or approved the reporting period. instrumentation by a designated quali- (4) Storage capacity of the impound- fied person; ing structure. (3) Procedures for evaluating hazard- (5) The volume of the impounded ous conditions; water, sediment, or slurry at the end of (4) Procedures for eliminating haz- the reporting period. ardous conditions; (6) Any other change which may have (5) Procedures for notifying the Dis- affected the stability or operation of trict Manager; the impounding structure that has oc- (6) Procedures for evacuating coal curred during the reporting period. miners from coal mine property which (7) A certification by a registered may be affected by the hazardous con- professional engineer that all construc- dition. tion, operation, and maintenance was (f) Before making any changes or in accordance with the approved plan. modifications in the program approved (b) A report is not required under in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section when the operator provides this section, the person owning, operat- the District Manager with a certifi- ing, or controlling the impoundment cation by a registered professional en- shall obtain approval of such changes gineer that there have been no changes
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under paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(6) § 77.217 Definitions. of this section to the impoundment or For the purpose of §§ 77.214 through impounding structure. However, a re- 77.216–5, the term: port containing the information set (a) Abandoned as applied to any out in paragraph (a) of this section refuse pile or impoundment and im- shall be submitted to the District Man- pounding structure means that work ager at least every 5 years. on such pile or structure has been com- [57 FR 7471, Mar. 2, 1992] pleted in accordance with a plan for abandonment approved by the District § 77.216–5 Water, sediment or slurry Manager. impoundments and impounding (b) Area-capacity curves means graph- structures; abandonment. ic curves which readily show the res- (a) Prior to abandonment of any ervoir water surface area, in acres, at water, sediment, or slurry impound- different elevations from the bottom of ment and impounding structure which the reservoir to the maximum water meets the requirements of 30 CFR surface, and the capacity or volume, in 77.216(a), the person owning, operating, acre-feet, of the water contained in the or controlling such an impoundment reservoir at various elevations. and impounding structure shall submit (c) Impounding structure means a to and obtain approval from the Dis- structure which is used to impound water, sediment, or slurry, or any com- trict Manager, a plan for abandonment bination of such materials. based on current, prudent engineering (d) Probable maximum precipitation practices. This plan shall provide for means the value for a particular area major slope stability, include a sched- which represents an envelopment of ule for the plan’s implementation and, depth-duration-area rainfall relations except as provided in paragraph (b) of for all storm types affecting that area this section, contain provisions to pre- adjusted meteorologically to maximum clude the probability of future im- conditions. poundment of water, sediment, or slur- (e) Refuse pile means a deposit of coal ry. mine waste which may contain a mix- (b) An abandonment plan does not ture of coal, shale, claystone, siltstone, have to contain a provision to preclude sandstone, limestone, and related ma- the future impoundment of water if the terials that are excavated during min- plan is approved by the District Man- ing operations or separated from mined ager and documentation is included in coal and disposed of on the surface as the abandonment plan to ensure that waste byproducts of either coal mining the following requirements are met: or preparation operations. Refuse pile (1) A registered professional engineer, does not mean temporary spoil piles of knowledgeable in the principles of dam removed overburden material associ- design and in the design and construc- ated with surface mining operations. tion of the structure, shall certify that (f) Safety factor means the ratio of the it substantially conforms to the ap- forces tending to resist the failure of a proved design plan and specifications structure to the forces tending to cause and that there are no apparent defects. such failure as determined by accepted (2) The current owner or prospective engineering practice. owner shall certify a willingness and (Secs. 101, 508, Pub. L. 91–173, 83 Stat. 745, 803 ability to assume responsibility for op- (30 U.S.C. 811, 957)) eration and maintenance of the struc- ture. [40 FR 41778, Sept. 9, 1975] (3) A permit or approval for the con- tinued existence of the impoundment Subpart D—Thermal Dryers or impounding structure shall be ob- tained from the Federal or State agen- § 77.300 Thermal dryers; general. cy responsible for dam safety. On and after July 1, 1971 dryer sys- tems used for drying coal at high tem- [57 FR 7472, Mar. 2, 1992] peratures, hereinafter referred to as
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thermal dryers, including rotary dry- (c) Equal in size to the cross-sec- ers, continuous carrier dyes, vertical tional area of the collector vortex find- tray, and cascade dryers, multilouver er when used to vent dry dust collec- dryers, suspension or flash dryers, and tors. fluidized bed dryers, shall be main- tained and operated in accordance with § 77.305 Access to drying chambers, the provision of § 77.301 to § 77.306. hot gas inlet chambers and duct- work; installation and maintenance. [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 Drying chambers, hot gas inlet cham- FR 13143, July 15, 1971] bers and all ductwork in which coal § 77.301 Dryer heating units; oper- dust may accumulate shall be equipped ation. with tight sealing access doors which shall remain latched during dryer oper- (a) Dryer heating units shall be oper- ation to prevent the emission of coal ated to provide reasonably complete dust and the loss of fluidizing air. combustion before heated gases are al- lowed to enter hot gas inlets. § 77.306 Fire protection. (b) Dryer heating units which are Based on the need for fire protection fired by pulverized coal, shall be oper- measures in connection with the par- ated and maintained in accordance ticular design of the thermal dryer, an with the recommended standards set authorized representative of the Sec- forth in the National Fire Protection retary may require any of the follow- Association Handbook, 12th Edition, ing measures to be employed: Section 9, ‘‘Installation of Pulverized (a) Water sprays automatically actu- Fuel Systems,’’ 1962. ated by rises in temperature to prevent § 77.302 Bypass stacks. fire, installed inside the thermal dryer systems, and such sprays shall be de- Thermal dryer systems shall include signed to provide for manual operation a bypass stack, relief stack or individ- in the event of power failure. ual discharge stack provided with auto- (b) Fog nozzles, or other no less effec- matic venting which will permit gases tive means, installed inside the ther- from the dryer heating unit to bypass mal dryer systems to provide addi- the heating chamber and vent to the tional moisture or an artificial drying outside atmosphere during any shut- load within the drying system when down operation. the system is being started or shut- down. § 77.303 Hot gas inlet chamber dropout doors. (c) The water system of each thermal dryer shall be interconnected to a sup- Thermal dryer systems which employ ply of compressed air which permits a hot gas inlet chamber shall be constant or frequent purging of all equipped with drop-out doors at the water sprays and fog nozzles or other bottom of the inlet chamber or with no less effective means of purging shall other effective means which permit be provided. coal, fly-ash, or other heated material to fall from the chamber. § 77.307 Thermal dryers; location and installation; general. § 77.304 Explosion release vents. (a) Thermal dryer systems erected or Drying chambers, dry-dust collec- installed at any coal mine after June tors, ductwork connecting dryers to 30, 1971 shall be located at least 100 feet dust collectors, and ductwork between from any underground coal mine open- dust collectors and discharge stacks ing, and 100 feet from any surface in- shall be protected with explosion re- stallation where the heat, sparks, lease vents which open directly to the flames, or coal dust from the system outside atmosphere, and all such vents might cause a fire or explosion. shall be: (b) Thermal dryer systems erected or (a) Hinged to prevent dislodgment; installed after June 30, 1971 may be (b) Designed and constructed to per- covered by roofs, however, such sys- mit checking and testing by manual tems shall not be otherwise enclosed operation; and unless necessary to protect the health
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and safety of persons employed at the near the control panel of each thermal mine. Where such systems are en- drying system. closed, they shall be located in sepa- (c) Each instrument on the control rate fireproof structures of heavy con- panel shall be identified by a name- struction with explosion pressure re- plate or equivalent marking. lease devices (such as hinged wall pan- (d) A plan to control the operation of els, window sashes, or louvers); which each thermal dryer system shall be provide at least 1 square foot of area posted at or near the control panel for each 80 cubic feet of space volume showing a sequence of startup, normal and which are distributed as uniformly shutdown, and emergency shutdown as possible throughout the structure. procedures.
§ 77.308 Structures housing other fa- § 77.311 Alarm devices. cilities; use of partitions. Thermal dryer systems shall be Thermal dryer systems installed equipped with both audible and visual after June 30, 1971 in any structure alarm devices which are set to operate which also houses a tipple, cleaning when safe dryer temperatures are ex- plant, or other operating facility shall ceeded. be separated from all other working areas of such structure by a substan- § 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. tial partition capable of providing Thermal dryer systems and controls greater resistance to explosion pres- shall be protected by a fail safe mon- sures than the exterior wall or walls of itoring system which will safely shut the structure. The partition shall also down the system and any related include substantial, self-closing fire equipment upon failure of any compo- doors at all entrances to the areas ad- nent in the dryer system. joining the dryer system. § 77.313 Wet-coal feedbins; low-level in- § 77.309 Visual check of system equip- dicators. ment. Wet-coal bins feeding thermal drying Frequent visual checks shall be made systems shall be equipped with both by the operator of the thermal dryer audible and visual low-coal-level indi- system control station, or by some cators. other competent person, of the bypass dampers, air-tempering louvers, dis- § 77.314 Automatic temperature con- charge mechanism, and other dryer trol instruments. system equipment. (a) Automatic temperature control instruments for thermal dryer system § 77.309–1 Control stations; location. shall be of the recording type. Thermal dryer system control sta- (b) Automatic temperature control tions constructed after June 30, 1971, instruments shall be locked or sealed shall be installed at a location which to prevent tampering or unauthorized will give to the operator of the control adjustment. These instruments shall station the widest field of visibility of not be set above the maximum allow- the system and equipment. able operating temperature. (c) All dryer control instruments § 77.310 Control panels. shall be inspected and calibrated at (a) All thermal dryer system control least once every 3 months and a record panels constructed after June 30, 1971 or certificate of accuracy, signed by a shall be located in an area which is rel- trained employee or by a servicing atively free of moisture and dust and agent, shall be kept at the plant. shall be installed in such a manner as to minimize vibration. § 77.315 Thermal dryers; examination (b) A schematic diagram containing and inspection. legends which show the location of Thermal dryer systems shall be ex- each thermocouple, pressure tap, or amined for fires and coal-dust accumu- other control or gaging instrument in lations if the dryers are not restarted the drying system shall be posted on or promptly after a shutdown.
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Subpart E—Safeguards for surface coal mines or the surface work Mechanical Equipment areas of underground coal mines shall be provided with substantial falling ob- § 77.400 Mechanical equipment guards. ject protective structures (FOPS). (a) Gears; sprockets; chains; drive, FOPS which meet the requirements of head, tail, and takeup pulleys; the Society of Automotive Engineers flywheels; couplings; shafts; sawblades; (SAE) Standard J 231 shall be consid- fan inlets; and similar exposed moving ered to be a ‘‘substantial’’ FOPS. An machine parts which may be contacted authorized representative of the Sec- by persons, and which may cause in- retary may approve a FOPS which pro- jury to persons shall be guarded. vides protection equivalent to SAE J (b) Overhead belts shall be guarded if 231. the whipping action from a broken line (b) When necessary to protect the op- would be hazardous to persons below. erator of the equipment, forklift or (c) Guards at conveyor-drive, con- powered industrial trucks shall be pro- veyor-head, and conveyor-tail pulleys vided with substantial FOPS. Such shall extend a distance sufficient to FOPS shall meet the requirements of prevent a person from reaching behind the State of California, Division of In- the guard and becoming caught be- dustrial Safety, General Safety Orders, tween the belt and the pulley. Register 72, Number 6, February 8, 1972, (d) Except when testing the machin- Article 25, Section 3655—‘‘Overhead ery, guards shall be securely in place Guards for High-Lift Rider Trucks.’’ while machinery is being operated. (Sec. 101(a), Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, as amended (83 Stat. 745; § 77.401 Stationary grinding machines; 30 U.S.C. 811(a)) protective devices. (a) Stationary grinding machines [39 FR 24007, June 28, 1974] other than special bit grinders shall be equipped with: § 77.403a Mobile equipment; rollover protective structures (ROPS). (1) Peripheral hoods (less than 90° throat openings) capable of withstand- (a) All rubber-tired or crawler- ing the force of a bursting wheel. mounted self-propelled scrapers, front- (2) Adjustable tool rests set as close end loaders, dozers, graders, loaders, as practical to the wheel. and tractors, with or without attach- (3) Safety washers. ments, that are used in surface coal (b) Grinding wheels shall be operated mines or the surface work areas of un- within the specifications of the manu- derground coal mines shall be provided facturer of the wheel. with rollover protective structures (c) Face shields or goggles, in good (hereinafter referred to as ROPS) in ac- condition, shall be worn when operat- cordance with the requirements of ing a grinding wheel. paragraphs (b) through (f) of this sec- tion, as applicable. § 77.402 Hand-held power tools; safety (b) Mobile equipment manufactured on devices. and after September 1, 1974. All mobile Hand-held power tools shall be equipment described in paragraph (a) equipped with controls requiring con- of this section manufactured on and stant hand or finger pressure to oper- after September 1, 1974 shall be ate the tools or shall be equipped with equipped with ROPS meeting the re- friction or other equivalent safety de- quirements of the Department of Labor vices. specified in §§ 1926.1001 and 1926.1002 of Part 1926, Title 29, Code of Federal Reg- § 77.403 Mobile equipment; falling ob- ulations—Safety and Health Regula- ject protective structures (FOPS). tions for Construction. (a) When necessary to protect the op- (c) Mobile equipment manufactured erator of the equipment, all rubber- prior to September 1, 1974. All mobile tired or crawler-mounted self-propelled equipment described in paragraph (a) scrapers, front-end loaders, dozers, of this section manufactured prior to graders, loaders, and tractors, with or September 1, 1974 shall be equipped without attachments, that are used in with ROPS meeting the requirements
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of paragraphs (d) through (f) of this that the structure is designed to fit, section, as appropriate, no later than and compliance with the applicable the dates specified in paragraphs (1), specification listed in paragraph (c)(1) (2), and (3) of this paragraph (c), unless or (2) of this section, or he shall, upon an earlier date is required by an au- request of the authorized representa- thorized representative of the Sec- tive of the Secretary, furnish certifi- retary under paragraph (c)(4) of this cation from a registered professional section: engineer that: (1) Mobile equipment manufactured (1) The ROPS complies with the Soci- between July 1, 1971, and September 1, ety of Automotive Engineers (SAE) 1974, shall be equipped with ROPS no Standard J 397, ‘‘Critical Zone—Char- later than March 1, 1975. acteristics and Dimensions for Opera- (2) Mobile equipment manufactured tors of Construction and Industrial Ma- between July 1, 1970, and June 30, 1971, chinery’’ or SAE J 397a, ‘‘Deflection shall be equipped with ROPS no later Limiting Volume for Laboratory Eval- than July 1, 1975. uation of Rollover Protective Struc- (3) Mobile equipment manufactured tures (ROPS) and Falling Object Pro- between July 1, 1969, and June 30, 1970, tective Structures (FOPS) of Construc- shall be equipped with ROPS no later tion and Industrial Vehicles’’ and the than January 1, 1976. following applicable SAE Standards: (4) Irrespective of the time periods (i) J 320a, ‘‘Minimum Performance specified in paragraph (c) (1) through Criteria for Rollover Protective Struc- (3) of this section an authorized rep- ture for Rubber-Tired Self-Propelled resentative of the Secretary may re- Scrapers’’ or J 320b, ‘‘Minimum Per- quire such mobile equipment to be formance Criteria for Rollover Protec- equipped with ROPS at an earlier date tive Structures for Prime Movers’’; or when necessary to protect the operator (ii) J 394, ‘‘Minimum Performance of the equipment under the conditions Criteria for Rollover Protective Struc- in which the mobile equipment is, or ture for Rubber-Tired Front-End Load- will be operated. The authorized rep- ers and Rubber-Tired Dozers’’ or J 394a, resentative of the Secretary shall in ‘‘Minimum Performance Criteria for writing advise the operator that the Rollover Protective Structures for equipment shall be equipped with a Wheeled Front-End Loaders and ROPS and shall fix a time within which Wheeled Dozers’’; or the operator shall provide and install (iii) J 395, ‘‘Minimum Performance the ROPS. If such ROPS is not pro- Criteria for Rollover Protective Struc- vided and installed within the time ture for Crawler Tractors and Crawler- fixed a notice shall be issued to the op- Type Loaders’’ or J 395a, ‘‘Minimum erator pursuant to section 104 of the Performance Criteria for Rollover Pro- Act. tective Structures for Track-Type (5) Nothing in this § 77.403a shall pre- Tractors and Track-Type Front-End clude the issuance of a withdrawal Loaders’’; or order because of imminent danger. (iv) J 396 or J 396a, ‘‘Minimum Per- (d) Except as provided in paragraph formance Criteria for Rollover Protec- (e) of this section, mobile equipment tive Structures for Motor Graders’’; or described in paragraph (a) of this sec- (v) J 167, ‘‘Protective Frame with tion, manufactured prior to September Overhead Protection—Test Procedures 1, 1974, shall be deemed in compliance and Performance Requirements’’; or with this section if the ROPS is in- (vi) J 334a, ‘‘Protective Frame Test stalled in accordance with the rec- Procedures and Performance Require- ommendations of the ROPS manufac- ments’’; or turer or designer. The coal mine opera- (2) The ROPS and supporting attach- tor shall exhibit certification from the ments will: ROPS manufacturer or designer in the (i) Show satisfactory performance by form of a label attached to the equip- actual test of a prototype involving a ment, indicating the manufacturer’s or roll of 720° or more; or fabricator’s name and address, the (ii) Support not less than the weight ROPS model number, if any, the ma- of the vehicle applied as a uniformly chine make, model or series number distributed horizontal load at the top
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of the structure and perpendicular to a by the Department of Industrial Rela- vertical plane through the longitudinal tions pursuant to Division 5, Labor axis of the prime mover, and support Code § 6312, State of California; two times the weight of the vehicle ap- (2) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: plied as a uniformly distributed verti- Safety—General Safety Requirements, cal load to the top of the structure; 1 or EM–385–1–1 (March 1967); (iii) Support the following separately (3) Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. De- applied minimum loads: partment of the Interior: Safety and (A) 125 percent of the weight of the Health Regulations for Construction, vehicle applied as a uniformly distrib- Part II (September 1971); and uted horizontal load at the top of the (4) Occupational Safety and Health ROPS and perpendicular to a critical Administration, U.S. Department of plane through the longitudinal axis of Labor: Safety and Health Regulations the prime mover; and for Construction, 29 CFR 1926.1001 and (B) A load of twice the weight of the 1926.1002. vehicle applied as a uniformly distrib- (f) Field welding on ROPS shall be uted vertical load to the top of the performed by welders who are certified ROPS after complying with paragraph by the coal mine operator or equip- (d) (1) (iii) (A) of this section. Stresses ment distributor as being qualified in shall not exceed the ultimate strength. accordance with the American Welding Steel used in the ROPS must have ca- Society Structural Welding Code AWS pability to perform at 0° F., or exhibit D1.1–73, or Military Standard MIL–STD Charpy V-notch impact strength at 8 248, or the equivalent thereof. ft.-lb. at ¥20° F. with a standard (g) Seat belts required by § 77.1710(i) Charpy V-notch Type A specimen and shall be worn by the operator of mobile provide 20 percent elongation over two equipment required to be equipped with inches in a standard two inch gauge ROPS by § 77.403a. length on a 0.505 inch diameter tensile specimen. Bolts and nuts shall be SAE (Sec. 101(a), Federal Coal Mine Health and grade 8 (reference SAE J 429d, J 429e, J Safety Act of 1969, as amended (83 Stat. 745; 30 U.S.C. 811(a)) 429f or J 429g and J 995, J 995a or J 995b). [39 FR 24007, June 28, 1974] (e) Mobile equipment manufactured prior to September 1, 1974 meeting certain § 77.403b Incorporation by reference. existing governmental requirements for In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a), ROPS. Mobile equipment described in the publications to which references paragraph (a) of this section, manufac- are made in §§ 77.403 and 77.403a and tured prior to September 1, 1974 and al- which have been prepared by organiza- ready equipped with ROPS, shall be tions other than the Mine Safety and deemed in compliance with this section Health Administration (MSHA), are if it meets the ROPS requirements of hereby incorporated by reference and the State of California, the U.S. Army made a part hereof. The incorporated Corps of Engineers, the Bureau of Rec- publications are available at each Coal lamation of the U.S. Department of the Mine Health and Safety District and Interior in effect on April 5, 1972, or the Subdistrict Office of MSHA. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Ad- Army Corps of Engineers, Safety—Gen- ministration, U.S. Department of eral Safety Requirements and the Oc- Labor. The requirements in effect are: cupational Safety and Health Adminis- (1) State of California: Construction tration regulations are also available Safety Orders 1591(i), 1596, and Logging from the U.S. Government Printing Of- and Sawmill Safety Order 5243, issued fice, Washington, DC 20402. Bureau of Reclamation Safety and Health Regu- 1 Paragraph (d) or § 77.403a is based on the lations for Construction are available ROPS criteria of the U.S. Army Corps of En- from the Bureau of Reclamation, Divi- gineers, Safety—General Safety Require- sion of Safety, Engineering and Re- ments EM 385–1–1, Change 1, No. 21, Para. 18.A.20 (March 27, 1972), except that subpara- search Center, Denver, Colorado. SAE graph (2)(ii) of this paragraph (d) is sub- documents are available from the Soci- stituted for Para. 18.A.20e(2) of the Corps re- ety of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400 quirements. Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA
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15096. American Welding Society Struc- it can be applied without endangering a tural Welding Code D1–1–73 is available person. from the American Welding Society, Inc., 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, § 77.407 Power-driven pulleys. FL 33126. Military Standard MIL–STD (a) Belts, chains, and ropes shall not 248 is available from the U.S. Govern- be guided onto power-driven moving ment Printing Office, Washington, DC pulleys, sprockets, or drums with the 20202. hands except on slow moving equip- (Sec. 101(a), the Federal Coal Mine Health ment especially designed for hand feed- and Safety Act of 1969, as amended (83 Stat. ing. 745; 30 U.S.C. 811(a)) (b) Pulleys of conveyors shall not be cleaned manually while the conveyor is [39 FR 24008, June 28, 1974, as amended at 60 FR 35695, July 11, 1995] in motion.
§ 77.404 Machinery and equipment; op- § 77.408 Welding operations. eration and maintenance. Welding operations shall be shielded (a) Mobile and stationary machinery and the area shall be well-ventilated. and equipment shall be maintained in safe operating condition and machin- § 77.409 Shovels, draglines, and trac- ery or equipment in unsafe condition tors. shall be removed from service imme- (a) Shovels, draglines, and tractors diately. shall not be operated in the presence of (b) Machinery and equipment shall be any person exposed to a hazard from its operated only by persons trained in the operation and all such equipment shall use of and authorized to operate such be provided with an adequate warning machinery or equipment. device which shall be sounded by the (c) Repairs or maintenance shall not operator prior to starting operation. be performed on machinery until the (b) Shovels and draglines shall be power is off and the machinery is equipped with handrails along and blocked against motion, except where around all walkways and platforms. machinery motion is necessary to make adjustments. § 77.410 Mobile equipment; automatic (d) Machinery shall not be lubricated warning devices. while in motion where a hazard exists, (a) Mobile equipment such as front- unless equipped with extended fittings or cups. end loaders, forklifts, tractors, graders, and trucks, except pickup trucks with § 77.405 Performing work from a an unobstructed rear view, shall be raised position; safeguards. equipped with a warning device that— (a) Men shall not work on or from a (1) Gives an audible alarm when the piece of mobile equipment in a raised equipment is put in reverse; or position until it has been blocked in (2) Uses infrared light, ultrasonic place securely. This does not preclude waves, radar, or other effective devices the use of equipment specifically de- to detect objects or persons at the rear signed as elevated mobile work plat- of the equipment, and sounds an audi- forms. ble alarm when a person or object is de- (b) No work shall be performed under tected. This type of discriminating machinery or equipment that has been warning device shall— raised until such machinery or equip- (i) Have a sensing area of a sufficient ment has been securely blocked in po- size that would allow endangered per- sition. sons adequate time to get out of the danger zone. § 77.406 Drive belts. (ii) Give audible and visual alarms (a) Drive belts shall not be shifted inside the operator’s compartment and while in motion unless the machines a audible alarm outside of the opera- are provided with mechanical shifters. tor’s compartment when a person or (b) Belt dressing shall not be applied object is detected in the sensing area; while belts are in motion except where and
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(iii) When the equipment is put in re- valves shall be opened manually at verse, activate and give a one-time au- least once a week to determine that dible and visual alarm inside the opera- they will function properly. tor’s compartment and a one-time au- (c) Blowoff valves shall be piped out- dible alarm outside the operator’s com- side the building and shall have outlets partment. so located or protected that persons (b) Alarms shall be audible above the passing by, near, or under them will surrounding noise levels. not be scalded. (c) Warning devices shall be main- tained in functional condition. (d) Boiler installations shall be pro- (d) An automatic reverse-activated vided with safety devices, acceptable to strobe light may be substituted for an the Mine Safety and Health Adminis- audible alarm when mobile equipment tration, to protect against hazards of is operated at night. flameouts, fuel interruptions, and low- water level. [54 FR 30517, July 20, 1989] (e) Boilers shall be inspected inter- § 77.411 Compressed air and boilers; nally at least once a year by a licensed general. inspector and a certificate of inspec- All boilers and pressure vessels shall tion signed by the inspector shall be be constructed, installed, and main- displayed in the vicinity of the boiler. tained in accordance with the stand- ards and specifications of the American Subpart F—Electrical Equipment— Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler General and Pressure Vessel Code. § 77.500 Electric power circuits and § 77.412 Compressed air systems. electric equipment; deenergization. (a) Compressors and compressed-air Power circuits and electric equip- receivers shall be equipped with auto- ment shall be deenergized before work matic pressure-relief valves, pressure is done on such circuits and equipment, gages, and drain valves. (b) Repairs involving the pressure except when necessary for trouble- system of compressors, receivers, or shooting or testing. compressed-air-powered equipment shall not be attempted until the pres- § 77.501 Electric distribution circuits and equipment; repair. sure has been relieved from that part of the system to be repaired. No electrical work shall be performed (c) At no time shall compressed air on electric distribution circuits or be directed toward a person. When equipment, except by a qualified per- compressed air is used, all necessary son or by a person trained to perform precautions shall be taken to protect electrical work and to maintain elec- persons from injury. trical equipment under the direct su- (d) Safety chains or suitable locking pervision of a qualified person. Dis- devices shall be used at connections to connecting devices shall be locked out machines of high-pressure hose lines of and suitably tagged by the persons who 1-inch inside diameter or larger, and perform such work, except that in between high-pressure hose lines of 1- cases where locking out is not possible, inch inside diameter or larger, where a connection failure would create a haz- such devices shall be opened and suit- ard. ably tagged by such persons. Locks or tags shall be removed only by the per- § 77.413 Boilers. sons who installed them or, if such per- (a) Boilers shall be equipped with sons are unavailable, by persons au- guarded, well-maintained water gages thorized by the operator or his agent. and pressure gages placed so that they can be observed easily. Water gages § 77.501–1 Qualified person. and pipe passages to the gages shall be A qualified person within the mean- kept clean and free of scale and rust. ing of § 77.501 is an individual who (b) Boilers shall be equipped with meets the requirements of § 77.103. automatic pressure-relief valves;
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§ 77.502 Electric equipment; examina- § 77.505 Cable fittings; suitability. tion, testing, and maintenance. Cables shall enter metal frames of Electric equipment shall be fre- motors, splice boxes, and electric com- quently examined, tested, and properly partments only through proper fit- maintained by a qualified person to as- tings. When insulated wires, other than sure safe operating conditions. When a cables, pass through metal frames, the potentially dangerous condition is holes shall be substantially bushed found on electric equipment, such with insulated bushings. equipment shall be removed from serv- § 77.506 Electric equipment and cir- ice until such condition is corrected. A cuits; overload and short-circuit record of such examinations shall be protection. kept. Automatic circuit-breaking devices or fuses of the correct type and capac- § 77.502–1 Qualified person. ity shall be installed so as to protect A qualified person within the mean- all electric equipment and circuits ing of § 77.502 is an individual who against short circuit and overloads. meets the requirements of § 77.103. § 77.506–1 Electric equipment and cir- § 77.502–2 Electric equipment; fre- cuits; overload and short circuit quency of examination and testing. protection; minimum requirements. The examinations and tests required Devices providing either short circuit under the provision of this § 77.502 shall protection or protection against over- be conducted at least monthly. load shall conform to the minimum re- quirements for protection of electric § 77.503 Electric conductors; capacity circuits and equipment of the National and insulation. Electric Code, 1968. Electric conductors shall be suffi- § 77.507 Electric equipment; switches. cient in size and have adequate current All electric equipment shall be pro- carrying capacity and be of such con- vided with switches or other controls struction that a rise in temperature re- that are safely designed, constructed, sulting from normal operation will not and installed. damage the insulating materials. § 77.508 Lightning arresters, § 77.503–1 Electric conductors. ungrounded and exposed power conductors and telephone wires. Electric conductors shall be suffi- cient in size to meet the minimum cur- All ungrounded, exposed power con- rent carrying capacity provided for in ductors and telephone wires shall be the National Electric Code, 1968. All equipped with suitable lightning ar- trailing cables shall meet the mini- resters which are adequately installed mum requirements for ampacity pro- and connected to a low resistance vided in the standards of the Insulated grounding medium. Power Cable Engineers Association— § 77.508–1 Lightning arresters; wires National Electric Manufacturers Asso- entering buildings. ciation in effect when such cables are Lightning arresters protecting ex- purchased. posed telephone wires entering build- ings shall be provided at the point § 77.504 Electrical connections or splices; suitability. where each such telephone wire enters the building. Electrical connections or splices in electric conductors shall be mechani- § 77.509 Transformers; installation and cally and electrically efficient, and guarding. suitable connectors shall be used. All (a) Transformers shall be of the to- electrical connections or splices in in- tally enclosed type, or shall be placed sulated wire shall be reinsulated at at least 8 feet above the ground, or in- least to the same degree of protection stalled in a transformer house, or sur- as the remainder of the wire. rounded by a substantial fence at least
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6 feet high and at least 3 feet from any § 77.515 Bare signal or control wires; energized parts, casings, or wiring. voltage. (b) Transformer stations shall be en- The voltage on bare signal or control closed to prevent persons from unin- wires accessible to personal contact tentionally or inadvertently contact- shall not exceed 40 volts. ing energized parts. (c) Transformer enclosures shall be § 77.516 Electric wiring and equip- kept locked against unauthorized ment; installation and maintenance. entry. In addition to the requirements of §§ 77.503 and 77.506, all wiring and elec- § 77.510 Resistors; location and guard- trical equipment installed after June ing. 30, 1971, shall meet the requirements of Resistors, heaters, and rheostats the National Electric Code in effect at shall be located so as to minimize fire the time of installation. hazards and, where necessary, provided with guards to prevent personal con- Subpart G—Trailing Cables tact. § 77.600 Trailing cables; short-circuit § 77.511 Danger signs at electrical in- protection; disconnecting devices. stallations. Short-circuit protection for trailing Suitable danger signs shall be posted cables shall be provided by an auto- at all major electrical installations. matic circuit breaker or other no less effective device, approved by the Sec- § 77.512 Inspection and cover plates. retary, of adequate current-interrupt- Inspection and cover plates on elec- ing capacity in each ungrounded con- trical equipment shall be kept in place ductor. Disconnecting devices used to at all times except during testing or re- disconnect power from trailing cables pairs. shall be plainly marked and identified and such devices shall be equipped or § 77.513 Insulating mats at power designed in such a manner that it can switches. be determined by visual observation Dry wooden platforms, insulating that the power is disconnected. mats, or other electrically nonconduc- tive material shall be kept in place at § 77.601 Trailing cables or portable ca- all switchboards and power-control bles; temporary splices. switches where shock hazards exist. Temporary splices in trailing cables However, metal plates on which a per- or portable cables shall be made in a son normally would stand and which workmanlike manner and shall be me- are kept at the same potential as the chanically strong and well insulated. grounded, metal, non-current-carrying Trailing cables or portable cables with parts of the power switches to be oper- exposed wires or splices that heat or ated may be used. spark under load shall not be used.
§ 77.514 Switchboards; passageways § 77.602 Permanent splicing of trailing and clearance. cables. Switchboards shall be installed to When permanent splices in trailing provide passageways or lanes of travel cables are made, they shall be: which permit access to the back of the (a) Mechanically strong with ade- switchboard from both ends for inspec- quate electrical conductivity; tion, adjustment or repair. Openings (b) Effectively insulated and sealed permitting access to the rear of any so as to exclude moisture; and, switchboard shall be guarded, except (c) Vulcanized or otherwise made where they are located in buildings with suitable materials to provide good which are kept locked. bonding to the outer jacket.
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§ 77.603 Clamping of trailing cables to be electrically continuous throughout equipment. and shall be grounded by methods ap- Trailing cables shall be clamped to proved by an authorized representative machines in a manner to protect the of the Secretary. cables from damage and to prevent § 77.700–1 Approved methods of strain on the electrical connections. grounding. § 77.604 Protection of trailing cables. Metallic sheaths, armors, and con- Trailing cables shall be adequately duits in resistance grounded systems, protected to prevent damage by mobile where the enclosed conductors are a equipment. part of the system, will be approved if a solid connection is made to the neu- § 77.605 Breaking trailing cable and tral conductor; in all other systems, power cable connections. the following methods of grounding Trailing cable and power cable con- will be approved: nections between cables and to power (a) A solid connection to metal sources shall not be made or broken waterlines having low resistance to under load. earth; (b) A solid connection to a grounding § 77.606 Energized trailing cables; han- conductor, other than the neutral con- dling. ductor of a resistance grounded sys- Energized medium- and high-voltage tem, extending to a low-resistance trailing cables shall be handled only by ground field; persons wearing protective rubber (c) Any other method of grounding, gloves (see § 77.606–1) and, with such approved by an authorized representa- other protective devices as may be nec- tive of the Secretary, which ensures essary and appropriate under the cir- that there is no difference in potential cumstances. between such metallic enclosures and the earth. § 77.606–1 Rubber gloves; minimum re- quirements. § 77.701 Grounding metallic frames, casings, and other enclosures of (a) Rubber gloves (lineman’s gloves) electric equipment. worn while handling high-voltage trail- Metallic frames, casings, and other ing cables shall be rated at least 20,000 enclosures of electric equipment that volts and shall be used and tested in can become ‘‘alive’’ through failure of accordance with the provisions of insulation or by contact with energized §§ 77.704–6 through 77.704–8. parts shall be grounded by methods ap- (b) Rubber gloves (wireman’s gloves) proved by an authorized representative worn while handling trailing cables en- of the Secretary. ergized by 660 to 1,000 volts shall be rated at least 1,000 volts and shall not § 77.701–1 Approved methods of be worn inside out or without protec- grounding of equipment receiving tive leather gloves. power from ungrounded alternating (c) Rubber gloves shall be inspected current power systems. for defects before use on each shift and For purposes of grounding metallic at least once thereafter during the frames, casings and other enclosures of shift when such rubber gloves are used equipment receiving power from for extended periods. All protective ungrounded alternating current power rubber gloves which contain defects systems, the following methods of shall be discarded and replaced prior to grounding will be approved: handling energized cables. (a) A solid connection between the metallic frame; casing, or other metal Subpart H—Grounding enclosure and the grounded metallic sheath, armor, or conduit enclosing the § 77.700 Grounding metallic sheaths, power conductor feeding the electric armors, and conduits enclosing equipment enclosed; power conductors. (b) A solid connection to metal Metallic sheaths, armors, and con- waterlines having low resistance to duits enclosing power conductors shall earth;
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(c) A solid connection to a grounding § 77.701–4 Use of grounding connec- conductor extending to a low-resist- tors. ance ground field; and, If ground wires are attached to (d) Any other method of grounding, grounded power conductors, separate approved by an authorized representa- clamps, suitable for such purpose, shall tive of the Secretary, which insures be used and installed to provide a solid that there is no difference in potential connection. between such metal enclosures and the earth. § 77.702 Protection other than ground- ing. § 77.701–2 Approved methods of Methods other than grounding which grounding metallic frames, casings, provide no less effective protection and other enclosures of electric may be permitted by the Secretary or equipment receiving power from a his authorized representative. Such direct-current power system. methods may not be used unless so ap- (a) The following methods of ground- proved. ing metallic frames, casings, and other enclosures of electric equipment re- § 77.703 Grounding frames of station- ary high-voltage equipment receiv- ceiving power from a direct-current ing power from ungrounded delta power system with one polarity systems. grounded will be approved: The frames of all stationary high- (1) A solid connection to the ground- voltage equipment receiving power ed power conductor of the system; and, from ungrounded delta systems shall (2) Any other method, approved by an be grounded by methods approved by authorized representative of the Sec- an authorized representative of the retary, which insures that there is no Secretary. difference in potential between such metal enclosures and the earth. § 77.703–1 Approved methods of (b) A method of grounding of metallic grounding. frames, casings, and other enclosures The methods of grounding stated in of electric equipment receiving power § 77.701–1 will be approved with respect from a direct-current power system to the grounding of frames of high- other than a system with one polarity voltage equipment referred to in grounded, will be approved by an au- § 77.703. thorized representative of the Sec- § 77.704 Work on high-voltage lines; retary if the method insures that there deenergizing and grounding. is no difference in potential between High-voltage lines shall be deener- such frames, casings, and other enclo- gized and grounded before work is per- sures, and the earth. formed on them, except that repairs may be permitted on energized high- § 77.701–3 Grounding wires; capacity. voltage lines if (a) such repairs are Where grounding wires are used to made by a qualified person in accord- ground metallic sheaths, armors, con- ance with procedures and safeguards duits, frames, casings, and other metal- set forth in §§ 77.704–1 through 77.704–11 lic enclosures, such grounding wires of this Subpart H as applicable, and (b) will be approved if: the operator has tested and properly (a) Where the power conductor used maintained the protective devices nec- is No. 6 A.W.G., or larger, the cross-sec- essary in making such repairs. tional area of the grounding wire is at § 77.704–1 Work on high-voltage lines. least one-half the cross-sectional area of the power conductor. (a) No high-voltage line shall be re- (b) Where the power conductor used garded as deenergized for the purpose is less than No. 6 A.W.G., the cross-sec- of performing work on it, until it has been determined by a qualified person tional area of the grounding wire is (as provided in § 77.103) that such high- equal to the cross-sectional area of the voltage line has been deenergized and power conductor. grounded. Such qualified person shall
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by visual observation (1) determine son, in order to ensure protection for that the disconnecting devices on the himself and other qualified persons as- high-voltage circuit are in open posi- signed to perform such repairs from the tion, and (2) insure that each hazards of such repair, has prepared ungrounded conductor of the high-volt- and filed with the operator: age circuit upon which work is to be (1) A general description of the na- done is properly connected to the sys- ture and location of the damage or de- tem grounding medium. In the case of fect to be repaired; resistance grounded or solid wye-con- (2) The general plan to be followed in nected systems, the neutral wire is the making such repairs; system grounding medium. In the case (3) A statement that a briefing of all of an ungrounded power system, either qualified persons assigned to make the steel armor or conduit enclosing such repairs was conducted informing the system or a surface grounding field them of the general plan, their individ- is a system grounding medium; ual assignments, and the dangers in- (b) No work shall be performed on herent in such assignments; any high-voltage line which is sup- ported by any pole or structure which (4) A list of the proper protective also supports other high-voltage lines equipment and clothing that will be until: (1) All lines supported on the provided; and pole or structure are deenergized and (5) Such other information as the grounded in accordance with all of the person designated by the operator feels provisions of this § 77.704–1 which apply necessary to describe properly the to the repair of deenergized surface means or methods to be employed in high-voltage lines; or (2) the provisions such repairs. of §§ 77.704–2 through 77.704–10 have been complied with, with respect to all ener- § 77.704–3 Work on energized high- gized lines, which are supported on the voltage surface lines; reporting. pole or structure. Any operator designating and assign- (c) Work may be performed on ener- ing qualified persons to perform repairs gized surface high-voltage lines only in on energized high-voltage surface lines accordance with the provisions of under the provisions of § 77.704–2 shall §§ 77.704–2 through 77.704–10, inclusive. maintain a record of such repairs. Such record shall contain a notation of the § 77.704–2 Repairs to energized high- time, date, location, and general na- voltage lines. ture of the repairs made together with An energized high-voltage line may a copy of the information filed with the be repaired only when: operator by the qualified person des- (a) The operator has determined that, ignated as responsible for performing (1) Such repairs cannot be scheduled such repairs. during a period when the power circuit could be properly deenergized and § 77.704–4 Simultaneous repairs. grounded; (2) Such repairs will be performed on When two or more persons are work- power circuits with a phase-to-phase ing on an energized high-voltage sur- nominal voltage no greater than 15,000 face line simultaneously, and any one volts; of them is within reach of another, (3) Such repairs on circuits with a such persons shall not be allowed to phase-to-phase nominal voltage of 5,000 work on different phases or on equip- volts or more will be performed only ment with different potentials. with the use of live line tools; and, (4) Weather conditions will not inter- § 77.704–5 Installation of protective equipment. fere with such repairs or expose those persons assigned to such work to an Before repair work on energized high- imminent danger; and, voltage surface lines is begun, protec- (b) The operator has designated a tive equipment shall be used to cover person qualified under the provisions of all bare conductors, ground wires, § 77.104 as the person responsible for guys, telephone lines, and other at- carrying out such repairs and such per- tachments in proximity to the area of
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planned repairs. Such protective equip- (5) Other electric protective equip- ment shall be installed from a safe po- ment, once a year. sition below the conductors or other (b) Rubber gloves shall not be stored apparatus being covered. Each rubber wrong side out. Blankets shall be rolled protective device employed in the mak- when not in use, and line hose, and in- ing of repairs shall have a dielectric sulator hoods shall be stored in their strength of 20,000 volts, or more. natural position and shape. § 77.704–6 Protective clothing; use and inspection. § 77.704–9 Operating disconnecting or cutout switches. All persons performing work on ener- gized high-voltage surface lines shall Disconnecting or cutout switches on wear protective rubber lineman’s energized high-voltage surface lines gloves, sleeves, and climber guards if shall be operated only with insulated climbers are worn. Protective rubber sticks, fuse tongs, or pullers which are gloves shall not be worn wrong side out adequately insulated and maintained or without protective leather gloves. to protect the operator from the volt- Protective devices worn by a person as- age to which he is exposed. When such signed to perform repairs on high-volt- switches are operated from the ground, age surface lines shall be worn continu- the person using such devices shall ously from the time he leaves the wear protective rubber lineman’s ground until he returns to the ground gloves, except where such switches are and, if such devices are employed for bonded to a metal mat as provided in extended periods, such person shall vis- § 77.513. ually inspect the equipment assigned him for defects before each use and, in § 77.704–10 Tying into energized high- no case, less than twice each day. voltage surface circuits. § 77.704–7 Protective equipment; in- If the work of forming an additional spection. circuit by tying into an energized high- Each person shall visually inspect voltage surface line is performed from protective equipment and clothing pro- the ground, any person performing vided him in connection with work on such work must wear and employ all of high-voltage surface lines before using the protective equipment and clothing such equipment and clothing, and any required under the provisions of equipment or clothing containing any §§ 77.704–5 and 77.704–6. In addition, the defect or damage shall be discarded and insulated stick used by such person replaced with proper protective equip- must have been designed for such pur- ment or clothing prior to the perform- pose and must be adequately insulated ance of any electrical work on such and be maintained to protect such per- lines. son from the voltage to which he is ex- posed. § 77.704–8 Protective equipment; test- ing and storage. § 77.704–11 Use of grounded messenger (a) All rubber protective equipment wires; ungrounded systems. used on work on energized high-voltage surface lines shall be electrically test- Solely for purposes of grounding ed by the operator in accordance with ungrounded high-voltage power sys- ASTM standards, Part 28, published tems, grounded messenger wires used February 1968, and such testing shall be to suspend the cables of such systems conducted in accordance with the fol- may be used as a grounding medium. lowing schedule: (1) Rubber gloves, once each month; § 77.705 Guy wires; grounding. (2) Rubber sleeves, once every 3 Guy wires from poles supporting months; high-voltage transmission lines shall (3) Rubber blankets, once every 6 be securely connected to the system months; ground or be provided with insulators (4) Insulator hoods and line hose, installed near the pole end. once a year; and
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Subpart I—Surface High-Voltage tor shall be rated for maximum fault Distribution current continuously and insulated from ground for a voltage equal to the § 77.800 High-voltage circuits; circuit phase-to-phase voltage of the system. breakers. High-voltage circuits supplying § 77.801–1 Grounding resistors; contin- uous current rating. power to portable or mobile equipment shall be protected by suitable circuit The ground fault current rating of breakers of adequate interrupting ca- grounding resistors shall meet the ‘‘ex- pacity which are properly tested and tended time rating’’ set forth in Amer- maintained and equipped with devices ican Institute of Electrical Engineers, to provide protection against under Standard No. 32. voltage, grounded phase, short circuit and overcurrent. High-voltage circuits § 77.802 Protection of high-voltage cir- cuits; neutral grounding resistors; supplying power to stationary equip- disconnecting devices. ment shall be protected against over- loads by either a circuit breaker or High-voltage circuits supplying port- fuses of the correct type and capacity. able or mobile equipment shall contain either a direct or derived neutral which § 77.800–1 Testing, examination, and shall be grounded through a suitable maintenance of circuit breakers; resistor at the source transformers, procedures. and a grounding circuit, originating at (a) Circuit breakers and their auxil- the grounded side of the grounding re- iary devices protecting high-voltage sistor, shall extend along with the circuits to portable or mobile equip- power conductors and serve as a ment shall be tested and examined at grounding conductor for the frames of least once each month by a person all high-voltage equipment supplied qualified as provided in § 77.103. power from that circuit, except that (b) Tests shall include: the Secretary or his authorized rep- (1) Breaking continuity of the ground resentative may permit other high- check conductor where ground check voltage circuits to feed stationary elec- monitoring is used; and, trical equipment, if he finds that such (2) Actuating any of the auxiliary exception will not pose a hazard to the protective relays. miners. Disconnecting devices shall be (c) Examination shall include visual installed and so equipped or designed in observation of all components of the such a manner that it can be deter- circuit breaker and its auxiliary de- mined by visual observation that the vices, and such repairs or adjustments power is disconnected. as are indicated by such tests and ex- aminations shall be carried out imme- § 77.803 Fail safe ground check cir- diately. cuits on high-voltage resistance grounded systems. § 77.800–2 Testing, examination, and On and after September 30, 1971, all maintenance of circuit breakers; high-voltage, resistance grounded sys- record. tems shall include a fail safe ground The operator shall maintain a writ- check circuit or other no less effective ten record of each test, examination, device approved by the Secretary to repair, or adjustment of all circuit monitor continuously the grounding breakers protecting high-voltage cir- circuit to assure continuity. The fail cuits. Such record shall be kept in a safe ground check circuit shall cause book approved by the Secretary. the circuit breaker to open when either the ground or ground check wire is bro- § 77.801 Grounding resistors. ken. The grounding resistor, where re- quired, shall be of the proper ohmic § 77.803–1 Fail safe ground check cir- value to limit the voltage drop in the cuits; maximum voltage. grounding circuit external to the resis- The maximum voltage used for tor to not more than 100 volts under ground check circuits under § 77.803 fault conditions. The grounding resis- shall not exceed 96 volts.
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§ 77.803–2 Ground check systems not § 77.806 Connection of single-phase employing pilot check wires; ap- loads. proval by the Secretary. Single-phase loads, such as trans- Ground check systems not employing former primaries, shall be connected pilot check wires shall be approved by phase to phase in resistance grounded the Secretary only if it is determined systems. that the system includes a fail safe de- sign which will cause the circuit inter- § 77.807 Installation of high-voltage rupter to open when ground continuity transmission cables. is broken. High-voltage transmission cables shall be installed or placed so as to af- § 77.804 High-voltage trailing cables; ford protection against damage. They minimum design requirements. shall be placed to prevent contact with (a) High-voltage trailing cables used low-voltage or communication circuits. in resistance grounded systems shall be equipped with metallic shields around § 77.807–1 High-voltage powerlines; clearances above ground. each power conductor with one or more ground conductors having a total High-voltage powerlines located cross-sectional area of not less than above driveways, haulageways, and one-half the power conductor, and with railroad tracks shall be installed to an insulated conductor for the ground provide the minimum vertical clear- continuity check circuit. External ance specified in National Electrical ground check conductors may be used Safety Code: Provided, however, That in if they are not smaller than No. 8 no event shall any high-voltage (AWG) and have an insulation rated at powerline be installed less than 15 feet least 600 volts. above ground. (b) All such high-voltage trailing ca- § 77.807–2 Booms and masts; minimum bles shall be adequate for the intended distance from high-voltage lines. current and voltage. Splices made in such cables shall provide continuity of The booms and masts of equipment all components. operated on the surface of any coal mine shall not be operated within 10 § 77.805 Cable couplers and connection feet of an energized overhead boxes; minimum design require- powerline. Where the voltage of over- ments. head powerlines is 69,000 volts, or more, the minimum distance from the boom (a)(1) Couplers that are used in or mast shall be as follows: medium- or high-voltage power circuits shall be of the three-phase type and en- Minimum closed in a full metallic shell, except Nominal power line voltage (in 1,000 volts) distance (feet) that the Secretary may permit, under such guidelines as he may prescribe, no 69 to 114 ...... 12 less effective couplers constructed of 115 to 229 ...... 15 230 to 344 ...... 20 materials other than metal. 345 to 499 ...... 25 (2) Cable couplers shall be adequate 500 or more ...... 35 for the intended current and voltage. (3) Cable couplers with any metal ex- § 77.807–3 Movement of equipment; posed shall be grounded to the ground minimum distance from high-volt- conductor in the cable. age lines. (4) Couplers shall be constructed to When any part of any equipment op- cause the ground check continuity con- erated on the surface of any coal mine ductor to break first and the ground is required to pass under or by any en- conductor last when being uncoupled ergized high-voltage powerline and the when pilot check circuits are used. clearance between such equipment and (b) Cable connection boxes shall be of powerline is less than that specified in substantial construction and designed § 77.807–2 for booms and masts, such to guard all energized parts from per- powerlines shall be deenergized or sonal contact. other precautions shall be taken.
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§ 77.808 Disconnecting devices. least once each month by a person Disconnecting devices shall be in- qualified as provided in § 77.103. In per- stalled at the beginning of each branch forming such tests, the circuit breaker line in high-voltage circuits and they auxiliaries or control circuits shall be shall be equipped or designed in such a actuated in any manner which causes manner that it can be determined by the circuit breaker to open. All compo- visual observation that the circuit is nents of the circuit breaker and its deenergized when such devices are auxiliary devices shall be visually ex- open. amined and such repairs or adjust- ments as are indicated by such tests § 77.809 Identification of circuit break- and examinations shall be carried out ers and disconnecting switches. immediately. Circuit breakers and disconnecting switches shall be labeled to show which § 77.900–2 Testing, examination, and units they control, unless identifica- maintenance of circuit breakers; tion can be made readily by location. record. The operator shall maintain a writ- § 77.810 High-voltage equipment; grounding. ten record of each test, examination, repair or adjustment of all circuit Frames, supporting structures, and breakers protecting low- and medium- enclosures of stationary, portable, or voltage circuits serving three-phase al- mobile high-voltage equipment shall be effectively grounded. ternating current equipment and such record shall be kept in a book approved § 77.811 Movement of portable sub- by the Secretary. stations and transformers. Portable substations and transform- § 77.901 Protection of low- and me- dium-voltage three-phase circuits. ers shall be deenergized before they are moved from one location to another. (a) Low- and medium-voltage circuits supplying power to portable or mobile Subpart J—Low- and Medium- three-phase alternating equipment Voltage Alternating Current shall contain: Circuits (1) Either a direct or derived neutral grounded through a suitable resistor at § 77.900 Low- and medium-voltage cir- the power source; cuits serving portable or mobile (2) A grounding circuit originating at three-phase alternating current the grounded side of the grounding re- equipment; circuit breakers. sistor which extends along with the Low- and medium-voltage circuits power conductors and serves as a supplying power to portable or mobile grounding conductor for the frames of three-phase alternating current equip- all the electric equipment supplied ment shall be protected by suitable cir- power from the circuit. cuit breakers of adequate interrupting (b) Grounding resistors, where re- capacity which are properly tested and quired, shall be of an ohmic value maintained and equipped with devices which limits the ground fault current to provide protection against under- to no more than 25 amperes. Such voltage, grounded phase, short circuit, grounding resistors shall be rated for and over-current. maximum fault current continuously § 77.900–1 Testing, examination, and and provide insulation from ground for maintenance of circuit breakers; a voltage equal to the phase-to-phase procedures. voltage of the system. Circuit breakers protecting low- and (c) Low- and medium-voltage circuits medium-voltage circuits serving port- supplying power to three-phase alter- able or mobile three-phase alternating nating current stationary electric current equipment and their auxiliary equipment shall comply with the Na- devices shall be tested and examined at tional Electric Code.
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§ 77.901–1 Grounding resistor; continu- provide visual evidence that the power ous current rating. is disconnected. The ground fault current rating of § 77.904 Identification of circuit break- grounding resistors shall meet the ‘‘ex- ers. tended time rating’’ set forth in Amer- ican Institute of Electrical Engineers Circuit breakers shall be labeled to Standard No. 32. show which circuits they control un- less identification can be made readily § 77.902 Low- and medium-voltage by location. ground check monitor circuits. § 77.905 Connection of single-phase On and after September 30, 1971, loads. three-phase low- and medium-voltage resistance grounded systems to port- Single-phase loads shall be connected able and mobile equipment shall in- phase-to-phase in resistance grounded clude a fail safe ground check circuit systems. or other no less effective device ap- § 77.906 Trailing cables supplying proved by the Secretary to monitor power to low-voltage mobile equip- continuously the grounding circuit to ment; ground wires and ground assure continuity. The fail safe ground check wires. check circuit shall cause the circuit On and after September 30, 1971, all breaker to open when either the ground trailing cables supplying power to port- or pilot check wire is broken. Cable able or mobile equipment from low- couplers shall be constructed to cause voltage three-phase resistance ground- the ground check continuity conductor ed power systems shall contain one or to break first and the ground conduc- more ground conductors having a tor last when being uncoupled when cross-sectional area of not less than pilot check circuits are used. one-half the power conductor. Such § 77.902–1 Fail safe ground check cir- trailing cables shall include an insu- cuits; maximum voltage. lated conductor for the ground con- tinuity check circuit except where a no The maximum voltage used for less effective device has been approved ground check circuits under § 77.902 by the Secretary to assure continuity. shall not exceed 40 volts. Splices made in low-voltage trailing § 77.902–2 Approved ground check sys- cables shall provide continuity of all tems not employing pilot check components. wires. Ground check systems not employing Subpart K—Ground Control pilot check wires shall be approved by the Secretary only after it has been de- § 77.1000 Highwalls, pits and spoil banks; plans. termined that the system includes a fail safe design causing the circuit Each operator shall establish and fol- breaker to open when ground continu- low a ground control plan for the safe ity is broken. control of all highwalls, pits and spoil banks to be developed after June 30, § 77.902–3 Attachment of ground con- 1971, which shall be consistent with ductors and ground check wires to prudent engineering design and will in- equipment frames; use of separate sure safe working conditions. The min- connections. ing methods employed by the operator In grounding the frames of station- shall be selected to insure highwall and ary, portable, or mobile equipment re- spoil bank stability. ceiving power from resistance grounded systems, separate connections shall be § 77.1000–1 Filing of plan. used. The operator shall file a copy of such plan, and revisions thereof, with the § 77.903 Disconnecting devices. Coal Mine Health and Safety District Disconnecting devices shall be in- of Subdistrict office for the District or stalled in circuits supplying power to Subdistrict in which the mine is lo- portable or mobile equipment and shall cated, and shall identify the name and
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location of the mine; the Mine Safety from a safe direction and the material and Health Administration identifica- removed from a safe location. tion number if known; and the name and address of the mine operator. § 77.1006 Highwalls; men working. (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. (a) Men, other than those necessary 3501 et seq.)) to correct unsafe conditions, shall not work near or under dangerous [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 60 highwalls or banks. FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (b) Except as provided in paragraph § 77.1001 Stripping; loose material. (c) of this section, men shall not work between equipment and the highwall or Loose hazardous material shall be spoil bank where the equipment may stripped for a safe distance from the hinder escape from falls or slides. top of pit or highwalls, and the loose unconsolidated material shall be sloped (c) Special safety precautions shall to the angle of repose, or barriers, baf- be taken when men are required to per- fle boards, screens, or other devices be form repair work between immobilized provided that afford equivalent protec- equipment and the highwall or spoil tion. bank and such equipment may hinder escape from falls or slides. § 77.1002 Box cuts; spoil material placement. § 77.1007 Drilling; general. When box cuts are made, necessary (a) Equipment that is to be used dur- precautions shall be taken to minimize ing a shift shall be inspected each shift the possibility of spoil material rolling by a competent person. Equipment de- into the pit. fects affecting safety shall be reported. (b) Equipment defects affecting safe- § 77.1003 Benches. ty shall be corrected before the equip- To insure safe operation, the width ment is used. and height of benches shall be governed by the type of equipment to be used § 77.1008 Relocation of drills; safe- and the operation to be performed. guards. (a) When a drill is being moved from § 77.1004 Ground control; inspection one drilling area to another, drill steel, and maintenance; general. tools, and other equipment shall be se- (a) Highwalls, banks, benches, and cured and the mast placed in a safe po- terrain sloping into the working areas sition. shall be examined after every rain, (b) When a drill helper is used his lo- freeze, or thaw before men work in cation shall be made known to the op- such areas, and such examination shall erator at all times when the drill is be made and recorded in accordance being moved. with § 77.1713. (b) Overhanging highwalls and banks § 77.1009 Drill; operation. shall be taken down and other unsafe ground conditions shall be corrected (a) While in operation drills shall be promptly, or the area shall be posted. attended at all times. (b) Men shall not drill from positions § 77.1005 Scaling highwalls; general. that hinder their access to the control (a) Hazardous areas shall be scaled levers, or from insecure footing or before any other work is performed in staging, or from atop equipment not the hazardous area. When scaling of designed for this purpose. highwalls is necessary to correct condi- (c) Men shall not be on a mast while tions that are hazardous to persons in the drill bit is in operation unless a the area, a safe means shall be provided safe platform is provided and safety for performing such work. belts are used. (b) Whenever it becomes necessary (d) Drill crews and others shall stay for safety to remove hazardous mate- clear of augers or drill stems that are rial from highwalls by hand, the haz- in motion. Persons shall not pass under ardous material shall be approached or step over a moving stem or auger.
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(e) In the event of power failure, drill (b) All employees shall be instructed controls shall be placed in the neutral on current escape and evacuation position until power is restored. plans, fire alarm signals, and applica- (f) When churn drills or vertical ro- ble procedures to be followed in case of tary drills are used, drillers shall not fire. be permitted to work under suspended (c) Plans for escape and evacuation tools, and when collaring holes, in- shall include the designation and prop- specting, or during any operation in er maintenance of adequate means for which tools are removed from the hole, exit from all areas where persons are all tools shall be lowered to the ground required to work or travel including or platform. buildings and equipment and in areas where persons normally congregate § 77.1010 Collaring holes. during the work shift. (a) Starter steels shall be used when (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. collaring holes with hand-held drills. 3501 et seq.)) (b) Men shall not hold the drill steel while collaring holes, or rest their [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 hands on the chuck or centralizer while FR 13143, July 15, 1971; 60 FR 33723, June 29, drilling. 1995]
§ 77.1011 Drill holes; guarding. § 77.1102 Warning signs; smoking and Drill holes large enough to constitute open flame. a hazard shall be covered or guarded. Signs warning against smoking and open flames shall be posted so they can § 77.1012 Jackhammers; operation; be readily seen in areas or places where safeguards. fire or explosion hazards exist. Men operating or working near jack- hammers or jackleg drills, or other § 77.1103 Flammable liquids; storage. drilling machines shall position them- (a) Flammable liquids shall be stored selves so that they will not be struck in accordance with standards of the or lose their balance if the drill steel National Fire Protection Association. breaks or sticks. Small quantities of flammable liquids drawn from storage shall be kept in § 77.1013 Air drills; safeguards. properly identified safety cans. Air shall be turned off and bled from (b) Unburied flammable-liquid stor- the air hoses before hand-held air drills age tanks shall be mounted securely on are moved from one working area to firm foundations. Outlet piping shall be another. provided with flexible connections or other special fittings to prevent ad- Subpart L—Fire Protection verse effects from tank settling. (c) Fuel lines shall be equipped with § 77.1100 Fire protection; training and valves to cut off fuel at the source and organization. shall be located and maintained to Firefighting facilities and equipment minimize fire hazards. shall be provided commensurate with (d) Areas surrounding flammable-liq- the potential fire hazards at each uid storage tanks and electric sub- structure, enclosure and other facility stations and transformers shall be kept (including custom coal preparation) at free from grass (dry), weeds, under- the mine and the employees at such fa- brush, and other combustible materials cilities shall be instructed and trained such as trash, rubbish, leaves and annually in the use of such firefighting paper, for at least 25 feet in all direc- facilities and equipment. tions.
§ 77.1101 Escape and evacuation; plan. § 77.1104 Accumulations of combus- (a) Before September 30, 1971, each tible materials. operator of a mine shall establish and Combustible materials, grease, lubri- keep current a specific escape and cants, paints, or flammable liquids evacuation plan to be followed in the shall not be allowed to accumulate event of a fire. where they can create a fire hazard.
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§ 77.1105 Internal comubstion engines; tual Research Corp., or other com- fueling. petent testing agency acceptable to the Internal combustion engines, except Mine Safety and Health Administra- diesels, shall be shut off and stopped tion. before being fueled. (c) Fire hose. Fire hose and couplings shall meet the requirements of the Un- § 77.1106 Battery-charging stations; derwriter’s Laboratories, Inc., or Fac- ventilation. tory Mutual Research Corp.’s specifica- Battery-charging stations shall be lo- tions. Cotton or cotton-polyester jack- cated in well-ventilated areas. Battery- eted hose shall be treated in accord- charging stations shall be equipped ance with the U.S. Department of Agri- with reverse current protection where culture Forest Service Specification such stations are connected directly to 182 for mildew resistance. The water direct current power systems. pressure at the hose nozzle shall not be excessively high so as to present a haz- § 77.1107 Belt conveyors. ard to the nozzle operator. Belt conveyors in locations where [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 47 fire would create a hazard to personnel FR 28096, June 29, 1982] shall be provided with switches to stop the drive pulley automatically in the § 77.1109 Quantity and location of fire- event of excessive slippage. fighting equipment. § 77.1108 Firefighting equipment; re- Preparation plants, dryer plants, tip- quirements; general. ples, drawoff tunnels, shops, and other On and after September 30, 1971, each surface installations shall be equipped operator of a coal mine shall provide with the following firefighting equip- an adequate supply of firefighting ment. equipment which is adapted to the size (a) Each structure presenting a fire and suitable for use under the condi- hazard shall be provided with portable tions present on the surface at the fire extinguishers commensurate with mine. the potential fire hazard at the struc- ture in accordance with the rec- [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 ommendations of the National Fire FR 13143, July 15, 1971] Protection Association. § 77.1108–1 Type and capacity of fire- (b) Preparation plants shall be fighting equipment. equipped with waterlines, with outlet valves on each floor, and with suffi- Firefighting equipment required cient fire hose to project a water under this § 77.1108 shall meet the fol- lowing minimum requirements: stream to any point in the plant. How- (a) Waterlines. Waterlines shall be ca- ever, where freezing conditions exist or pable of delivering 50 gallons of water a water is not available, a 125-pound mul- minute at a nozzle pressure of 50 tipurpose dry powder extinguisher may pounds per square inch. Where storage be substituted for the purposes of this tanks are used as a source of water paragraph (b) for each 2,500 square feet supply, the tanks shall be of 1,000-gal- of floor space in a wooden or other lon capacity for each 1,000 tons of coal flammable structure, or for each 5,000 processed (average) per shift. square feet of floor space in a metal, (b) Fire extinguishers. Fire extinguish- concrete-block, or other type of non- ers shall be: flammable construction. (1) Of the appropriate type for the (c)(1) Mobile equipment, including particular fire hazard involved; trucks, front-end loaders, bulldozers, (2) Adequate in number and size for portable welding units, and augers, the particular fire hazard involved; shall be equipped with at least one (3) Replaced immediately with fully portable fire extinguisher. charged extinguishers after any dis- (2) Power shovels, draglines, and charge is made from an extinguisher; other large equipment shall be and equipped with at least one portable fire (4) Approved by the Underwriter’s extinguisher; however, additional fire Laboratories, Inc., or the Factory Mu- extinguishers may be required by an
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authorized representative of the Sec- taken to insure that smoldering metal retary. or sparks do not result in a fire. (3) Auxiliary equipment such as port- (b) Before welding, cutting, or solder- able drills, sweepers, and scrapers, ing is performed in areas likely to con- when operated more than 600 feet from tain methane, an examination for equipment required to have portable methane shall be made by a qualified fire extinguishers, shall be equipped person with a device approved by the with at least one fire extinguisher. Secretary for detecting methane. Ex- (d) Fire extinguishers shall be pro- aminations for methane shall be made vided at permanent electrical installa- immediately before and periodically tions commensurate with the potential during welding, cutting, or soldering fire hazard at such installation in ac- and such work shall not be permitted cordance with the recommendations of to commence or continue in air which the National Fire Protection Associa- contains 1.0 volume per centum or tion. more of methane. (e) Two portable fire extinguishers, or the equivalent, shall be provided at Subpart M—Maps each of the following combustible liq- uid storage installations: § 77.1200 Mine map. (1) Near each above ground or The operator shall maintain an accu- unburied combustible liquid storage rate and up-to-date map of the mine, station; and, on a scale of not less than 100 nor more (2) Near the transfer pump of each than 500 feet to the inch, at or near the buried combustible liquid storage tank. mine, in an area chosen by the mine (f) Vehicles transporting explosives operator, with a duplicate copy on file and blasting agents shall be equipped at a separate and distinct location, to with fire protection as recommended in minimize the danger of destruction by Code 495, section 20, National Fire Pro- fire or other hazard. The map shall tection Association Handbook, 12th show: Edition, 1962. (a) Name and address of the mine; (b) The property or boundary lines of § 77.1110 Examination and mainte- the active areas of the mine; nance of firefighting equipment. (c) Contour lines passing through whole number elevations of the coalbed Firefighting equipment shall be con- being mined. The spacing of such lines tinuously maintained in a usable and shall not exceed 25-foot elevation lev- operative condition. Fire extinguishers els, except that a broader spacing of shall be examined at least once every 6 contour lines may be approved by the months and the date of such examina- District Manager for steeply pitching tion shall be recorded on a permanent coalbeds. Contour lines may be placed tag attached to the extinguisher. on overlays or tracings attached to (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. mine maps. 3501 et seq.)) (d) The general elevation of the coal- bed or coalbeds being mined, and the [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 60 general elevation of the surface; FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (e) Either producing or abandoned oil and gas wells located on the mine prop- § 77.1111 Welding, cutting, soldering; erty; use of fire extinguisher. (f) The location and elevation of any One portable fire extinguisher shall body of water dammed or held back in be provided at each location where any portion of the mine: Provided, how- welding, cutting, or soldering with arc ever, Such bodies of water may be or flame is performed. shown on overlays or tracings attached to the mine maps; § 77.1112 Welding, cutting, or soldering (g) All prospect drill holes that pene- with arc or flame; safeguards. trate the coalbed or coalbeds being (a) When welding, cutting, or solder- mined on the mine property; ing with arc or flame near combustible (h) All auger and strip mined areas of materials, suitable precautions shall be the coalbed or coalbeds being mined on
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the mine property together with the § 77.1301 Explosives; magazines. line of maximum depth of holes drilled (a) Detonators and explosives other during auger mining operations. than blasting agents shall be stored in (i) All worked out and abandoned magazines. areas; (b) Detonators shall not be stored in (j) The location of railroad tracks the same magazine with explosives. and public highways leading to the (c) Magazines other than box type mine, and mine buildings of a perma- shall be: nent nature with identifying names (1) Located in accordance with the shown; current American Table of Distances (k) Underground mine workings un- for storage of explosives. derlying and within 1,000 feet of the ac- (2) Detached structures located away tive areas of the mine; from powerlines, fuel storage areas, (l) The location and description of at and other possible sources of fire. (3) Constructed substantially of non- least two permanent base line points, combustible material or covered with and the location and description of at fire-resistant material. least two permanent elevation bench (4) Reasonably bullet resistant. marks used in connection with estab- (5) Electrically bonded and grounded lishing or referencing mine elevation if constructed of metal. surveys; and, (6) Made of nonsparking materials on (m) The scale of the map. the inside, including floors. (7) Provided with adequate and effec- § 77.1201 Certification of mine maps. tively screened ventilation openings Mine maps shall be made or certified near the floor and ceiling. by an engineer or surveyor registered (8) Kept locked securely when unat- by the State in which the mine is lo- tended. cated. (9) Posted with suitable danger signs so located that a bullet passing § 77.1202 Availability of mine map. through the face of a sign will not strike the magazine. The mine map maintained in accord- (10) Used exclusively for storage of ance with the provisions of § 77.1200 explosives or detonators and kept free shall be available for inspection by the of all extraneous materials. Secretary or his authorized representa- (11) Kept clean and dry in the inte- tive. rior, and in good repair. (12) Unheated, unless heated in a Subpart N—Explosives and manner that does not create a fire or Blasting explosion hazard. (d) Box-type magazines used to store § 77.1300 Explosives and blasting. explosives or detonators in work areas shall be constructed with only non- (a) No explosives, blasting agent, det- sparking material inside and equipped onator, or any other related blasting with covers or doors and shall be lo- device or material shall be stored, cated out of the line of blasts. transported, carried, handled, charged, (e) Secondary and box-type maga- fired, destroyed, or otherwise used, em- zines shall be suitably labeled. ployed or disposed of by any person at (f) Detonator-storage magazines shall a coal mine except in accordance with be separated by at least 25 feet from ex- the provisions of §§ 77.1301 through plosive-storage magazines. 77.1304, inclusive. (g) Cases or boxes containing explo- (b) The term ‘‘explosives’’ as used in sives shall not be stored in magazines this Subpart N includes blasting on their ends or sides nor stacked more agents. The standards in this Subpart than 6 feet high. N in which the term ‘‘explosives’’ ap- (h) Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil blast- pears are applicable to blasting agents ing agents shall be physically sepa- (as well as to other explosives) unless rated from other explosives, safety fuse, or detonating cord stored in the blasting agents are expressly excluded. same magazine and in such a manner
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that oil does not contaminate the men who understand the hazards in- other explosives, safety fuse or deto- volved; trainees shall do such work nating cord. only under the supervision of and in the immediate presence of experienced § 77.1302 Vehicles used to transport men. explosives. (b) Blasting operations shall be under (a) Vehicles used to transport explo- the direct control of authorized per- sives, other than blasting agents, shall sons. have substantially constructed bodies, (c) Substantial nonconductive closed no sparking metal exposed in the cargo containers shall be used to carry explo- space, and shall be equipped with suit- sives, other than blasting agents to the able sides and tail gates; explosives blasting site. shall not be piled higher than the side (d) Damaged or deteriorated explo- or end. sives or detonators shall be destroyed (b) Vehicles containing explosives or in a safe manner. detonators shall be maintained in good (e) Where electric blasting is to be condition and shall be operated at a performed, electric circuits to equip- safe speed and in accordance with all ment in the immediate area to be safe operating practices. blasted shall be deenergized before ex- (c) Vehicles containing explosives or plosives or detonators are brought into detonators shall be posted with proper the area; the power shall not be turned warning signs. on again until after the shots are fired. (d) Other materials or supplies shall (f) Explosives shall be kept separated not be placed on or in the cargo space from detonators until charging is of a conveyance containing explosives, started. detonating cord or detonators, except for safety fuse and except for properly (g) Areas in which charged holes are secured nonsparking equipment used awaiting firing shall be guarded, or expressly in the handling of such explo- barricaded and posted, or flagged sives, detonating cord or detonators. against unauthorized entry. (e) Explosives and detonators shall be (h) Ample warning shall be given be- transported in separate vehicles unless fore blasts are fired. All persons shall separated by 4 inches of hardwood or be cleared and removed from the blast- the equivalent. ing area unless suitable blasting shel- (f) Explosives or detonators shall be ters are provided to protect men endan- transported promptly without undue gered by concussion or flyrock from delays in transit. blasting. (g) Explosives or detonators shall be (i) Lead wires and blasting lines shall transported at times and over routes not be strung across power conductors, that expose a minimum number of per- pipelines, railroad tracks, or within 20 sons. feet of bare powerlines. They shall be (h) Only the necessary attendants protected from sources of static or shall ride on or in vehicles containing other electrical contact. explosives or detonators. (j) For the protection of underground (i) Vehicles shall be attended, when- workers, special precautions shall be ever practical and possible, while load- taken when blasting in close proximity ed with explosives or detonators. to underground operations, and no (j) When vehicles containing explo- blasting shall be done that would be sives or detonators are parked, the hazardous to persons working under- brakes shall be set, the motive power ground. shut off, and the vehicles shall be (k) Holes shall not be drilled where blocked securely against rolling. there is danger of intersecting a (k) Vehicles containing explosives or charged or misfired hole. detonators shall not be taken to a re- (l) Only wooden or other nonsparking pair garage or shop for any purpose. implements shall be used to punch holes in an explosive cartridge. § 77.1303 Explosives, handling and use. (m) Tamping poles shall be blunt and (a) Persons who use or handle explo- squared at one end and made of wood, sives or detonators shall be experienced nonsparking material, or of special
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plastic acceptable to the Mine Safety (y) Except when being tested with a and Health Administration. blasting galvanometer: (n) Delay connectors for firing deto- (1) Electric detonators shall be kept nating cord shall be treated and han- shunted until they are being connected dled with the same safety precautions to the blasting line or wired into a as blasting caps and electric deto- blasting round. nators. (2) Wired rounds shall be kept shunt- (o) Capped primers shall be made up ed until they are being connected to at the time of charging and as close to the blasting line. the blasting site as conditions allow. (3) Blasting lines shall be kept shunt- (p) A capped primer shall be prepared ed until immediately before blasting. so that the detonator is contained se- (z) Completely wired rounds shall be curely and is completely embedded tested with a blasting galvanometer within the explosive cartridge. before connections are made to the (q) No tamping shall be done directly blasting line. on a capped primer. (r) Detonating cord shall not be used (aa) Permanent blasting lines shall if it has been kinked, bent, or other- be properly supported, insulated, and wise handled in such a manner that the kept in good repair. train of detonation may be interrupted. (bb) At least a 5-foot airgap shall be (s) Fuse shall not be used if it has provided between the blasting circuit been kinked, bent sharply, or handled and the power circuit. roughly in such a manner that the (cc) When instantaneous blasting is train of deflagration may be inter- performed, the double-trunkline or rupted. loop system shall be used in detonat- (t) Blasting caps shall be crimped to ing-cord blasting. fuses only with implements designed (dd) When instantaneous blasting is for that specific purpose. performed, trunklines, in multiple-row (u) When firing from 1 to 15 blast- blasts, shall make one or more com- holes with safety fuse ignited individ- plete loops, with crossties between ually using hand-held lighters, the loops at intervals of not over 200 feet. fuses shall be of such lengths to pro- (ee) All detonating cord knots shall vide the minimum burning time speci- be tight and all connections shall be fied in the following table for a par- kept at right angles to the trunklines. ticular size round: (ff) Power sources shall be suitable for the number of electrical detonators Minimum burning to be fired and for the type of circuits Number of holes in a round time, min- used. utes (gg) Electric circuits from the blast- 1 ...... 2 ing switches to the blast area shall not 2 to 5 ...... 22¤3 be grounded. 6 to 10 ...... 31¤3 11 to 15 ...... 5 (hh) Safety switches and blasting switches shall be labeled, encased in In no case shall any 40-second-per-foot boxes, and arranged so that the covers safety fuse less than 36 inches long or of the boxes cannot be closed with the any 30-second-per-foot safety fuse less switches in the through-circuit or fir- than 48 inches long be used. ing position. (v) The burning rate of the safety (ii) Blasting switches shall be locked fuse in use at any time shall be meas- in the open position, except when ured, posted in conspicuous locations, closed to fire the blast. Lead wires and brought to the attention of all men shall not be connected to the blasting concerned with blasting. switch until the shot is ready to be (w) Electric detonators of different fired. brands shall not be used in the same (jj) The key or other control to an round. electrical firing device shall be en- (x) Adequate priming shall be em- trusted only to the person designated ployed to guard against misfires, in- to fire the round or rounds. creased toxic fumes, and poor perform- (kk) If branch circuits are used when ance. blasts are fired from power circuits,
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safety switches located at safe dis- (b) Where pneumatic loading is em- tances from the blast areas shall be ployed, before any type of blasting op- provided in addition to the main blast- eration using blasting agents is put ing switch. into effect, an evaluation of the poten- (ll) Misfires shall be reported to the tial hazard of static electricity shall be proper supervisor and shall be disposed made. Adequate steps, including the of safely before any other work is per- grounding and bonding of the conduc- formed in that blasting area. tive parts of pneumatic loading equip- (mm) When safety fuse has been used, ment, shall be taken to eliminate the men shall not return to misfired holes hazard of static electricity before for at least 30 minutes. blasting agent use is commenced. (nn) When electric blasting caps have (c) Pneumatic loading equipment been used, men shall not return to mis- shall not be grounded to waterlines, fired holes for at least 15 minutes. airlines, rails, or the permanent elec- (oo) If explosives are suspected of trical grounding systems. burning in a hole, all persons in the en- (d) Hoses used in connection with dangered area shall move to a safe lo- pneumatic loading machines shall be of cation and no one should return to the the semiconductive type, having a hole until the danger has passed, but in total resistance low enough to permit no case within 1 hour. the dissipation of static electricity and (pp) Blasted areas shall be examined high enough to limit the flow of stray for undetonated explosives after each electric currents to a safe level. Wire- blast and undetonated explosives found countered hose shall not be used be- shall be disposed of safely. cause of the potential hazard from (qq) Blasted areas shall not be reen- stray electric currents. tered by any person after firing until such time as concentrations of smoke, Subpart O—Personnel Hoisting dust, or fumes have been reduced to safe limits. § 77.1400 Personnel hoists and ele- (rr) In secondary blasting, if more vators. than one shot is to be fired at one time, Except as provided in § 77.1430, the blasting shall be done electrically or sections in this Subpart O apply only with detonating cord. to hoists and elevators, together with (ss) Unused explosives and detonators their appurtenances, that are used for shall be moved to a safe location as hoisting persons. soon as charging operations are com- pleted. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health (tt) When electric detonators are Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by used, charging shall be stopped imme- Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) diately when the presence of static electricity or stray currents is de- [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983] tected; the condition shall be remedied § 77.1401 Automatic controls and before charging is resumed. brakes. (uu) When electric detonators are used, charging shall be suspended and Hoists and elevators shall be men withdrawn to a safe location upon equipped with overspeed, overwind, and the approach of an electrical storm. automatic stop controls and with brakes capable of stopping the elevator § 77.1304 Blasting agents; special pro- when fully loaded. visions. (a) Sensitized ammonium nitrate § 77.1402 Rated capacity. blasting agents, and the components Hoists and elevators shall have rated thereof prior to mixing, shall be mixed capacities consistent with the loads and stored in accordance with the rec- handled. ommendations in Bureau of Mines In- (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health formation Circular 8179, ‘‘Safety Rec- Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by ommendations for Sensitized Ammo- Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) nium Nitrate Blasting Agents,’’ or sub- sequent revisions. [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983]
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§ 77.1402–1 Maximum load; posting. § 77.1405 Operation of hoisting equip- ment after repairs. The operator shall designate the maximum number of men permitted to Empty conveyances shall be operated ride on each hoist or elevator at one at least one round trip before hoisting time; this limit shall be posted on each persons after any repairs. elevator and on each landing. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971. Redesignated at 48 Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983] Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811))
§ 77.1403 Daily examination of hoisting [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983] equipment. WIRE ROPES Hoists and elevators shall be exam- ined daily and such examinations shall AUTHORITY: Sections 77.1430 through 77.1438 include, but not be limited to, the fol- issued under sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety lowing: and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as (a) Elevators. (1) A visual examination amended by Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 of the ropes for wear, broken wires, and U.S.C. 811). corrosion, especially at excessive SOURCE: Sections 77.1430 through 77.1438 ap- strain points such as near the attach- pear at 48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983, unless oth- ments and where the rope rests on the erwise noted. sheaves; (2) An examination of the elevator § 77.1430 Wire ropes; scope. for loose, missing or defective parts; (a) Sections 77.1431 through 77.1438 (b) Hoists and elevators. (1) An exam- apply to wire ropes in service used to ination of the rope fastenings for de- hoist— fects; (1) Persons in shafts and slopes un- (2) An examination of sheaves for derground; broken flanges, defective bearings, rope (2) Persons with an incline hoist on alignment, and proper lubrication; and the surface; or (3) An examination of the automatic (3) Loads in shaft or slope develop- controls and brakes required under ment when persons work below sus- § 77.1401. pended loads. (b) These standards do not apply to (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health wire ropes used for elevators. Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811) § 77.1431 Minimum rope strength. [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983] At installation, the nominal strength (manufacturer’s published catalog § 77.1404 Certifications and records of strength) of wire ropes used for hoist- daily examinations. ing shall meet the minimum rope At the completion of each daily ex- strength values obtained by the follow- amination required by § 77.1403, the per- ing formulas in which ‘‘L’’ equals the son making the examination shall cer- maximum suspended rope length in tify, by signature and date, that the feet: examination has been made. If any un- (a) Winding drum ropes (all construc- safe condition is found during the ex- tions, including rotation resistant). aminations required by § 77.1403, the For rope lengths less than 3,000 feet: person conducting the examination Minimum Value=Static Load×(7.0¥0.001L) shall make a record of the condition For rope lengths 3,000 feet or greater: and the date. Certifications and records Minimum Value=Static Load×4.0 shall be retained for one year. (b) Friction drum ropes. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health For rope lengths less than 4,000 feet: Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by Minimum Value=Static Load×(7.0¥0.0005L) Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) For rope lengths 4,000 feet or greater: Minimum Value=Static Load×5.0 [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (c) Tail ropes (balance ropes).
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Minimum Value=Weight of Rope×7.0 and date, that the examination has [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983; 48 FR 54975, Dec. been made. If any condition listed in 8, 1983] paragraph (a) of this standard is present, the person conducting the ex- § 77.1432 Initial measurement. amination shall make a record of the After initial rope stretch but before condition and the date. Certifications visible wear occurs, the rope diameter and records of examinations shall be of newly installed wire ropes shall be retained for one year. measured at least once in every third (e) The person making the measure- interval of active length and the meas- ments or nondestructive tests as re- urements averaged to establish a base- quired by paragraph (c) of this section line for subsequent measurements. A shall record the measurements or test record of the measurements and the results and the date. This record shall date shall be made by the person tak- be retained until the rope is retired ing the measurements. This record from service. shall be retained until the rope is re- [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983; 48 FR 54975, Dec. tired from service. 8, 1983, 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] [48 FR 53241, Nov. 25, 1983, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] § 77.1434 Retirement criteria. Unless damage or deterioration is re- § 77.1433 Examinations. moved by cutoff, wire ropes shall be re- (a) At least once every fourteen cal- moved from service when any of the endar days, each wire rope in service following conditions occurs: shall be visually examined along its en- (a) The number of broken wires with- tire active length for visible structural in a rope lay length, excluding filler damage, corrosion, and improper lubri- wires, exceeds either— cation or dressing. In addition, visual (1) Five percent of the total number examination for wear and broken wires of wires; or shall be made at stress points, includ- (2) Fifteen percent of the total num- ing the area near attachments, where ber of wires within any strand; the rope rests on sheaves, where the (b) On a regular lay rope, more than rope leaves the drum, at drum cross- one broken wire in the valley between overs, and at change-of-layer regions. strands in one rope lay length; When any visible condition that results (c) A loss of more than one-third of in a reduction of rope strength is the original diameter of the outer present, the affected portion of the wires; rope shall be examined on a daily basis. (d) Rope deterioriation from corro- (b) Before any person is hoisted with sion; a newly installed wire rope or any wire (e) Distortion of the rope structure; rope that has not been examined in the (f) Heat damage from any source; previous fourteen calendar days, the (g) Diameter reduction due to wear wire rope shall be examined in accord- that exceeds six percent of the baseline ance with paragraph (a) of this section. diameter measurement; or (c) At least once every six months, (h) Loss of more than ten percent of nondestructive tests shall be conducted rope strength as determined by non- of the active length of the rope, or rope destructive testing. diameter measurements shall be made— § 77.1435 Load end attachments. (1) Wherever wear is evident; (a) Wire rope shall be attached to the (2) Where the hoist rope rests on load by a method that develops at least sheaves at regular stopping points; 80 percent of the nominal strength of (3) Where the hoist rope leaves the the rope. drum at regular stopping points; and (b) Except for terminations where use (4) At drum crossover and change-of- of other materials is a design feature, layer regions. zinc (spelter) shall be used for (d) At the completion of each exam- socketing wire ropes. Design feature ination required by paragraph (a) of means either the manufacturer’s origi- this section, the person making the ex- nal design or a design approved by a amination shall certify, by signature registered professional engineer.
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(c) Load end attachment methods (d) Intersection of auger holes with using splices are prohibited. underground mine workings known to contain dangerous quantities of im- § 77.1436 Drum end attachment. pounded water. (a) For drum end attachment, wire rope shall be attached— § 77.1501 Auger mining; inspections. (1) Securely by clips after making (a) The face of all highwalls, to a dis- one full turn around the drum spoke; tance of 25 feet on both sides of each (2) Securely by clips after making drilling site, shall be inspected by a one full turn around the shaft, if the certified person before any augering drum is fixed to the shaft; or operation is begun, and at least once (3) By properly assembled anchor during each coal producing shift and bolts, clamps, or wedges, provided that all loose material shall be removed the attachment is a design feature of from the drilling site before persons the hoist drum. Design feature means are permitted to enter the drilling either the manufacturer’s original de- area. The results of all such inspec- sign or a design approved by a reg- tions shall be recorded daily in a book istered professional engineer. approved by the Secretary. (b) A minimum of three full turns of (b) In addition, the face of all wire rope shall be on the drum when highwalls, to a distance of 25 feet on the rope is extended to its maximum both sides of each drilling site, shall be working length. inspected frequently by a certified per- son during any auger operation con- § 77.1437 End attachment retermi- nation. ducted either during or after a heavy rainfall or during any period of inter- Damaged or deteriorated wire rope mittent freezing and thawing and the shall be removed by cutoff and the rope results of such inspections shall be re- reterminated where there is— corded as provided in paragraph (a) of (a) More than one broken wire at an this section. attachment; (c) When an auger hole penetrates an (b) Improper installation of an at- abandoned or mined out area of an un- tachment; derground mine, tests for methane and (c) Slippage at an attachment; or oxygen deficiency shall be made at the (d) Evidence of deterioration from collar of the hole by a qualified person corrosion at an attachment. using devices approved by the Sec- retary to determine if dangerous quan- § 77.1438 End attachment replacement. tities of methane or oxygen-deficient Wire rope attachments shall be re- air are present or being emitted. If placed when cracked, deformed, or ex- such is found no further work shall be cessively worn. performed until the atmosphere has been made safe. Subpart P—Auger Mining (d) Tests for oxygen deficiency shall be conducted with a permissible flame § 77.1500 Auger mining; planning. safety lamp or other means approved Auger mining shall be planned and by the Secretary and all tests for conducted by the operator to insure methane shall be conducted with a against any hazard to underground methane detector approved by the Sec- workings located at or near such auger retary. operations and all auger holes shall be (e) Internal combustion engines shall located so as to prevent: not be operated in the vicinity of any (a) The disruption of the ventilation auger hole in which tests for methane system of any active underground or oxygen deficiency are being made. mine; (b) Inundation hazards from surface § 77.1502 Auger holes; restriction water entering any active underground against entering. mine; No person shall be permitted to enter (c) Damage to the roof and ribs of ac- an auger hole except with the approval tive underground workings; and of the Coal Mine Health and Safety
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District Manager or Subdistrict Man- (c) Where side or overhead clearances ager of the district in which the mine on any haulage road or at any loading is located and under such conditions as or dumping location at the mine are may be prescribed by such managers. hazardous to mine workers, such areas shall be conspicuously marked and § 77.1503 Augering equipment; over- warning devices shall be installed when head protection. necessary to insure the safety of the (a) Auger machines which are ex- workers. posed to highwall hazards, together with all those parts of any coal elevat- § 77.1601 Transportation of persons; ing conveyors where persons are re- restrictions. quired to work during augering oper- No person shall be permitted to ride ations, shall be covered with heavy or be otherwise transported on or in gage screen which does not obstruct the following equipment whether load- the view of the highwall and is strong enough to prevent injuries to workmen ed or empty: from falling material. (a) Dippers, shovels, buckets, forks, (b) No work shall be done under any and clamshells; overhang and, when a crew is engaged (b) The cargo space of dump trucks or in connecting or disconnecting auger haulage equipment used to transport sections under a highwall, at least one coal or other material; person shall be assigned to observe the (c) Outside the cabs and beds of mo- highwall for possible movement. bile equipment; (d) Chain, belt, or bucket conveyors, § 77.1504 Auger equipment; operation. except where such conveyors are spe- (a) Persons shall be kept clear of the cifically designed to transport persons; auger train while it is in motion and and shall not be permitted to pass under or (e) Loaded buckets on aerial tram- over an auger train, except where ade- ways. quate crossing facilities are provided. (b) Persons shall be kept clear of § 77.1602 Use of aerial tramways to auger sections being swung into posi- transport persons. tion. Persons other than maintenance men (c) No person, including the auger shall not ride empty buckets on aerial machine operator, shall, where prac- tramways unless the following features ticable, be stationed in direct line with are provided: a borehole during augering operations. (a) Two independent brakes, each ca- (d) Operator of auger equipment shall pable of holding the maximum load. not leave the controls of such equip- ment while the auger is in operation. (b) Direct communication between (e) Adequate illumination shall be terminals. provided for work areas after dark. (c) Power drives with emergency power available in case of primary § 77.1505 Auger holes; blocking. power failure. Auger holes shall be blocked with (d) Buckets equipped with positive highwall spoil or other suitable mate- locks to prevent accidental tripping or rial before they are abandoned. dumping. § 77.1603 Trains and locomotives; au- Subpart Q—Loading and Haulage thorized persons. § 77.1600 Loading and haulage; gen- (a) Only authorized persons shall be eral. permitted to ride on trains or loco- (a) Only authorized persons shall be motives and they shall ride in a safe permitted on haulage roads and at position. loading or dumping locations. (b) Men shall not get on or off mov- (b) Traffic rules, signals, and warning ing equipment, except that trainmen signs shall be standardized at each may get on or off of slowly moving mine and posted. trains.
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§ 77.1604 Transportation of persons; (m) Roadbeds, rails, joints, switches, overcrowding. frogs, and other elements on railroads (a) No man-trip vehicle or other con- shall be designed, installed, and main- veyance used to transport persons to tained in a safe manner consistent with and from work areas at surface coal the speed and type of haulage. mines shall be overcrowded and all per- (n) Where practicable, a minimum of sons shall ride in a safe position. 30 inches continuous clearance from (b) Supplies, materials, and tools the farthest projection of moving rail- other than small handtools shall not be road equipment shall be provided on at transported with men in man-trip vehi- least one side of the tracks; all places cles unless such vehicles are specifi- where it is not possible to provide 30- cally designed to make such transpor- inch clearance shall be marked con- tation safe. spicuously. (o) Track guardrails, lead rails, and § 77.1605 Loading and haulage equip- frogs shall be protected or blocked so ment; installations. as to prevent a person’s foot from be- (a) Cab windows shall be of safety coming wedged. glass or equivalent, in good condition (p) Positive-acting stop-blocks, derail and shall be kept clean. devices, track skates, or other ade- (b) Mobile equipment shall be quate means shall be installed wher- equipped with adequate brakes, and all ever necessary to protect persons from trucks and front-end loaders shall also runaway or moving railroad equip- be equipped with parking brakes. ment. (c) Positive-action type brakes shall (q) Switch throws shall be installed be provided on aerial tramways. so as to provide adequate clearance for (d) Mobile equipment shall be pro- switchmen. vided with audible warning devices. (r) Where necessary, bumper blocks Lights shall be provided on both ends or the equivalent shall be provided at when required. all track dead ends. (e) Guard nets or other suitable pro- tection shall be provided where tram- § 77.1606 Loading and haulage equip- ways pass over roadways, walkways, or ment; inspection and maintenance. buildings. (a) Mobile loading and haulage equip- (f) Guards shall be installed to pre- ment shall be inspected by a competent vent swaying buckets from hitting person before such equipment is placed towers. in operation. Equipment defects affect- (g) Aerial tramway cable connections ing safety shall be recorded and re- shall be designed to offer minimum ob- ported to the mine operator. struction to the passage of wheels. (b) Carriers on aerial tramways, in- (h) Rocker-bottom or bottom-dump cluding loading and unloading mecha- cars shall be equipped with positive nisms, shall be inspected each shift; locking devices, or other suitable de- brakes shall be inspected daily; ropes vices. and supports shall be inspected as rec- (i) Ramps and dumps shall be of solid ommended by the manufacturer or as construction, of ample width, have physical conditions warrant. Equip- ample clearance and headroom, and be ment defects affecting safety shall be kept reasonably free of spillage. reported to the mine operator. (j) Chute-loading installations shall (c) Equipment defects affecting safe- be designed so that the men pulling ty shall be corrected before the equip- chutes are not required to be in a haz- ment is used. ardous position during loading oper- ations. § 77.1607 Loading and haulage equip- (k) Berms or guards shall be provided ment; operation. on the outer bank of elevated road- (a) Vehicles shall follow at a safe dis- ways. tance; passing shall be limited to areas (l) Berms, bumper blocks, safety of adequate clearance and visibility. hooks, or similar means shall be pro- (b) Mobile equipment operators shall vided to prevent overtravel and over- have full control of the equipment turning at dumping locations. while it is in motion.
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(c) Equipment operating speeds shall cured or lowered to the ground when be prudent and consistent with condi- not in use. tions of roadway, grades, clearance, (q) Shovel trailing cables shall not be visibility, traffic, and the type of moved with the shovel dipper unless equipment used. cable slings or sleds are used. (d) Cabs of mobile equipment shall be (r) Equipment which is to be hauled kept free of extraneous materials. shall be loaded and protected so as to (e) Operators shall sit facing the di- prevent sliding or spillage. rection of travel while operating equip- (s) When moving between work areas, ment with dual controls. the equipment shall be secured in the (f) When an equipment operator is travel position. present, men shall notify him before (t) Any load extending more than 4 getting on or off equipment. feet beyond the rear of the vehicle body (g) Equipment operators shall be cer- should be marked clearly with a red tain, by signal or other means, that all flag by day and a red light at night. persons are clear before starting or (u) Tow bars shall be used to tow moving equipment. heavy equipment and a safety chain (h) Where possible, aerial tramways shall be used in conjunction with each shall not be started until the tramway tow bar. operator has ascertained that everyone (v) Railroad cars shall be kept under is in the clear. control at all times by the car dropper. Cars shall be dropped at a safe rate and (i) Dust control measures shall be in a manner that will insure that the taken where dust significantly reduces car dropper maintains a safe position visibility of equipment operators. while working and traveling around (j) Dippers, buckets, loading booms, the cars. or heavy suspended loads shall not be (w) Railroad cars shall not be coupled swung over the cabs of haulage vehicles or uncoupled manually from the inside until the drivers are out of the cabs of curves unless the railroad and cars and in safe locations, unless the trucks are so designed to eliminate any hazard are designed specifically to protect the from coupling or uncoupling cars from drivers from falling material. inside of curves. (k) Men shall not work or pass under (x) Persons shall wear safety belts the buckets or booms of loaders in op- when dropping railroad cars. eration. (y) Railcars shall not be left on (l) Tires shall be deflated before re- sidetracks unless ample clearance is pairs on them are started and adequate provided for traffic on adjacent tracks. means shall be provided to prevent (z) Parked railcars, unless held effec- wheel locking rims from creating a tively by brakes, shall be blocked se- hazard during tire inflation. curely. (m) Electrically powered mobile (aa) Railroad cars and all trucks equipment shall not be left unattended shall be trimmed properly when they unless the master switch is in the off have been loaded higher than the con- position, all operating controls are in fines of their cargo space. the neutral position, and the brakes (bb) When the entire length of a con- are set or other equivalent precautions veyor is visible from the starting are taken against rolling. switch, the operator shall visually (n) Mobile equipment shall not be check to make certain that all persons left unattended unless the brakes are are in the clear before starting the con- set. The wheels shall be turned into a veyor. When the entire length of the bank or berm, or shall be blocked, conveyor is not visible from the start- when such equipment is parked on a ing switch, a positive audible or visible grade. warning system shall be installed and (o) Lights, flares, or other warning operated to warn persons that the con- devices shall be posted when parked veyor will be started. equipment creates a hazard to vehicu- (cc) Unguarded conveyors with walk- lar traffic. ways shall be equipped with emergency (p) Dippers, buckets, scraper blades, stop devices or cords along their full and similar movable parts shall be se- length.
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(dd) Adequate backstops or brakes State highway patrol, or local hospital) shall be installed on inclined-conveyor which has available the means of com- drive units to prevent conveyors from munication with the person or persons running in reverse if a hazard to per- providing emergency medical assist- sonnel would be caused. ance or transportation in accordance (ee) Aerial tram conveyor buckets with the provisions of paragraph (a) of shall not be overloaded, and feed shall this section. be regulated to prevent spillage. § 77.1702 Arrangements for emergency § 77.1608 Dumping facilities. medical assistance and transpor- (a) Dumping locations and haulage tation for injured persons; report- roads shall be kept reasonably free of ing requirements; posting require- water, debris, and spillage. ments. (b) Where the ground at a dumping (a) Each operator of a surface coal place may fail to support the weight of mine shall make arrangements with a a loaded dump truck, trucks shall be licensed physician, medical service, dumped a safe distance back from the medical clinic, or hospital to provide edge of the bank. 24-hour emergency medical assistance (c) Adequate protection shall be pro- for any person injured at the mine. vided at dumping locations where per- (b) Each operator shall make ar- sons may be endangered by falling ma- rangements with an ambulance service, terial. or otherwise provide for 24-hour emer- (d) Grizzlies, grates, and other sizing gency transportation for any person in- devices at dump and transfer points jured at the mine. shall be anchored securely in place. (c) Each operator shall, on or before (e) If truck spotters are used, they September 30, 1971, report to the Coal shall be well in the clear while trucks Mine Health and Safety District Man- are backing into dumping position and ager for the district in which the mine dumping; lights shall be used at night is located the name, title and address to direct trucks. of the physician, medical service, medi- cal clinic, hospital, or ambulance serv- Subpart R—Miscellaneous ice with whom arrangements have been § 77.1700 Communications in work made, or otherwise provided, in accord- areas. ance with the provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. No employee shall be assigned, or al- (d) Each operator shall, within 10 lowed, or be required to perform work alone in any area where hazardous con- days after any change of the arrange- ditions exist that would endanger his ments required to be reported under safety unless he can communicate with the provisions of this section, report others, can be heard, or can be seen. such changes to the Coal Mine Health and Safety District Manager. If such § 77.1701 Emergency communications; changes involve a substitution of per- requirements. sons, the operator shall provide the (a) Each operator of a surface coal name, title, and address of the person mine shall establish and maintain a substituted together with the name communication system from the mine and address of the medical service, to the nearest point of medical assist- medical clinic, hospital, or ambulance ance for use in an emergency. service with which such person or per- (b) The emergency communication sons are associated. system required to be maintained (e) Each operator shall, immediately under paragraph (a) of this section may after making an arrangement required be established by telephone or radio under the provisions of paragraphs (a) transmission or by any other means of and (b) of this section, or immediately prompt communication to any facility after any change, of such agreement, (for example, the local sheriff, the post at appropriate places at the mine
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the names, titles, addresses, and tele- § 77.1706 First aid training program; phone numbers of all persons or serv- minimum requirements. ices currently available under such ar- (a) All first aid training programs re- rangements to provide medical assist- quired under the provisions of §§ 77.1703 ance and transportation at the mine. and 77.1704 shall include 10 class hours (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. of training in a course of instruction 3501 et seq.)) similar to that outlined in ‘‘First Aid, A Bureau of Mines Instruction Man- [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 ual.’’ FR 13143, July 15, 1971; 60 FR 33723, June 29, (b) Refresher first aid training pro- 1995] grams required under the provisions of § 77.1705 shall include 5 class hours of § 77.1703 First-Aid training; super- refresher training in a course of in- visory employees. struction similar to that outlined in The mine operator shall conduct ‘‘First Aid, A Bureau of Mines Instruc- first-aid training courses for selected tion Manual.’’ supervisory employees at the mine. Within 60 days after the selection of a § 77.1707 First aid equipment; location; minimum requirements. new supervisory employee to be so trained, the mine operator shall certify (a) Each operator of a surface coal by signature and date the name of the mine shall maintain a supply of the employee and date on which the em- first aid equipment set forth in para- ployee satisfactorily completed the graph (b) of this section at or near each first-aid training course. The certifi- working place where coal is being cation shall be kept at the mine and mined, at each preparation plant and made available on request to an au- at shops and other surface installation thorized representative of the Sec- where ten or more persons are regu- retary. larly employed. (b) The first aid equipment required [56 FR 1478, Jan. 14, 1991] to be maintained under the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section shall in- § 77.1704 First aid training program; clude at least the following: availability of instruction to all (1) One stretcher; miners. (2) One broken-back board (if a On or before December 30, 1971, each splint-stretcher combination is used it operator of a surface coal mine shall will satisfy the requirements of both make available to all miners employed paragraph (b) (1) of this section and in the mine a course of instruction in this paragraph (b) (2)); first aid conducted by the operator or (3) Twenty-four triangular bandages under the auspices of the operator, and (15 if a splint-stretcher combination is such a course of instruction shall be used); made available to newly employed (4) Eight 4-inch bandage compresses; miners within 6 months after the date (5) Eight 2-inch bandage compresses; of employment. (6) Twelve 1-inch adhesive com- presses; § 77.1705 First aid training program; (7) An approved burn remedy; retraining of supervisory employ- (8) Two cloth blankets; ees; availability to all miners. (9) One rubber blanket or equivalent Beginning January 1, 1972, each oper- substitute; (10) Two tourniquets; ator of a surface coal mine shall con- (11) One 1-ounce bottle of aromatic duct refresher first aid training pro- spirits of ammonia or 1 dozen ammonia grams each calendar year for all se- ampules; and, lected supervisory employees and make (12) The necessary complements of available refresher first aid training arm and leg splints or two each inflat- courses to all miners employed in the able plastic arm and leg splints. mine. (c) All first aid supplies required to [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 be maintained under the provisions of FR 13143, July 15, 1971] paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section
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shall be stored in suitable, sanitary, ard. If a hard hat or hard cap is paint- dust tight, moisture proof containers ed, nonmetallic based paint shall be and such supplies shall be accessible to used. the miners. (e) Suitable protective footwear. (f) Snug-fitting clothing when work- § 77.1708 Safety program; instruction ing around moving machinery or equip- of persons employed at the mine. ment. On or before September 30, 1971, each (g) Safety belts and lines where there operator of a surface coal mine shall is danger of falling; a second person establish and maintain a program of shall tend the lifeline when bins, tanks, instruction with respect to the safety or other dangerous areas are entered. regulations and procedures to be fol- (h) Lifejackets or belts where there is lowed at the mine and shall publish danger from falling into water. and distribute to each employee, and post in conspicuous places throughout (i) Seatbelts in a vehicle where there the mine, all such safety regulations is a danger of overturning and where and procedures established in accord- roll protection is provided. ance with the provisions of this sec- (Sec. 101(a), Federal Coal Mine Health and tion. Safety Act of 1969, as amended (83 Stat. 745; 30 U.S.C. 811(a)) [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 FR 13143, July 15, 1971] [36 FR 9382, May 22, 1971, as amended at 36 § 77.1709 Safety training; inexperi- FR 13143, July 15, 1971; 39 FR 7176, Feb. 25, enced employees. 1974] New employees shall be indoctrinated § 77.1710–1 Distinctively colored hard in safety rules and safe work proce- hats or hard caps; identification for dures and inexperienced employees newly employed, inexperienced shall not be assigned to work duties miners. until they have been trained thor- Hard hats or hard caps distinctively oughly in safe work procedures related different in color from those worn by to the assigned work duties. experienced miners shall be worn at all times by each newly employed, inexpe- § 77.1710 Protective clothing; require- rienced miner when working in or ments. around a mine or plant for at least one Each employee working in a surface year from the date of his initial em- coal mine or in the surface work areas ployment as a miner or until he has of an underground coal mine shall be been qualified or certified as a miner required to wear protective clothing by the State in which he is employed. and devices as indicated below: (a) Protective clothing or equipment (Sec. 101(a), Federal Coal Mine Health and and face-shields or goggles shall be Safety Act of 1969, as amended (83 Stat. 745; worn when welding, cutting, or work- 30 U.S.C. 811(a)) ing with molten metal or when other [39 FR 7176, Feb. 25, 1974] hazards to the eyes exist. (b) Suitable protective clothing to § 77.1711 Smoking prohibition. cover the entire body when handling corrosive or toxic substances or other No person shall smoke or use an open materials which might cause injury to flame where such practice may cause a the skin. fire or explosion. (c) Protective gloves when handling materials or performing work which § 77.1712 Reopening mines; notifica- might cause injury to the hands; how- tion; inspection prior to mining. ever, gloves shall not be worn where Prior to reopening any surface coal they would create a greater hazard by mine after it has been abandoned or de- becoming entangled in the moving clared inactive by the operator, the op- parts of equipment. erator shall notify the Coal Mine (d) A suitable hard hat or hard cap Health and Safety District Manager for when in or around a mine or plant the district in which the mine is lo- where falling objects may create a haz- cated, and an inspection of the entire
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mine shall be completed by an author- (4) The person designated by the op- ized representative of the Secretary be- erator as responsible for health and fore any mining operations in such safety at the mine. mine are instituted. (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. § 77.1713 Daily inspection of surface 3501 et seq.)) coal mine; certified person; reports of inspection. [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29, 1995] (a) At least once during each working shift, or more often if necessary for safety, each active working area and Subpart S—Trolley Wires and each active surface installation shall Trolley Feeder Wires be examined by a certified person des- ignated by the operator to conduct § 77.1800 Cutout switches. such examinations for hazardous condi- Trolley wires and trolley feeder wires tions and any hazardous conditions shall be provided with cutout switches noted during such examinations shall at intervals of not more than 2,000 feet be reported to the operator and shall be and near the beginning of all branch corrected by the operator. lines. (b) If any hazardous condition noted during an examination conducted in § 77.1801 Overcurrent protection. accordance with paragraph (a) of this Trolley wires and trolley feeder wires section creates an imminent danger, shall be provided with overcurrent pro- the person conducting such examina- tection. tion shall notify the operator and the operator shall withdraw all persons § 77.1801–1 Devices for overcurrent from the area affected, except those protection. persons referred to in section 104(d) of Automatic circuit interrupting de- the Act, until the danger is abated. vices that will deenergize the affected (c) After each examination conducted circuit upon occurrence of a short cir- in accordance with the provisions of cuit at any point in the system will paragraph (a) of this section, each cer- meet the requirements of § 77.1801. tified person who conducted all or any part of the examination required shall § 77.1802 Insulation of trolley wires, enter with ink or indelible pencil in a trolley feeder wires and bare signal book approved by the Secretary the wires; guarding of trolley wires and date and a report of the condition of trolley feeder wires. the mine or any area of the mine which Trolley wires, trolley feeder wires, he has inspected together with a report of the nature and location of any haz- and bare signal wires shall be ade- ardous condition found to be present at quately guarded: the mine. The book in which such en- (a) At all points where men are re- tries are made shall be kept in an area quired to work or pass regularly under at the mine designated by the operator the wires; and to minimize the danger of destruction (b) At man-trip stations. by fire or other hazard. The Secretary or his authorized rep- (d) All examination reports recorded resentative shall specify other condi- in accordance with the provisions of tions where trolley wires and trolley paragraph (c) of this section shall in- feeder wires shall be adequately pro- clude a report of the action taken to tected to prevent contact by any per- abate hazardous conditions and shall son, or shall require the use of im- be signed or countersigned each day by proved methods to prevent such con- at least one of the following persons: tact. Temporary guards shall be pro- (1) The surface mine foreman; vided where trackmen and other per- (2) The assistant superintendent of sons are required to work in proximity the mine; to trolley wires and trolley feeder (3) The superintendent of the mine; wires. or,
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Subpart T—Slope and Shaft § 77.1900–1 Compliance with approved Sinking slope and shaft sinking plans. Upon approval by the Coal Mine § 77.1900 Slopes and shafts; approval Health and Safety District Manager of of plans. a slope or shaft sinking plan, the oper- (a) Each operator of a coal mine shall ator shall adopt and comply with such prepare and submit for approval by the plan. Coal Mine Health and Safety District Manager for the district in which the § 77.1901 Preshift and onshift inspec- tions; reports. mine is located, a plan providing for the safety of workmen in each slope or (a) Examinations of slope and shaft shaft that is commenced or extended areas shall be made by a certified per- after June 30, 1971. The plan shall be son for hazardous conditions, including consistent with prudent engineering tests for methane and oxygen defi- design. The methods employed by the ciency: operator shall be selected to minimize (1) Within 90 minutes before each the hazards to those employed in the shift; initial or subsequent development of (2) At least once on any shift during any such slope or shaft, and the plan which men are employed inside any shall include the following: slope or shaft during development; and (1) The name and location of the (3) Both before and after blasting. mine, and the Mine Safety and Health (b) The surface area surrounding each Administration mine identification slope and shaft shall be inspected by a number, if known; certified person and all hazards in the vicinity shall be corrected before men (2) The name and address of the mine are permitted to enter the excavation. operator; (c) All hazards found during any (3) A description of the construction preshift or onshift inspection shall be work and methods to be used in the corrected before men are allowed to construction of the slope or shaft, and enter, or continue to work in such whether part or all of the work will be slope or shaft. If hazardous conditions performed by a contractor and a de- cannot be corrected, or excessive meth- scription of that part of the work to be ane concentrations cannot be diluted, performed by a contractor; the excavation shall be vacated and no (4) The elevation, depth and dimen- person shall be permitted to reenter sions of the slope or shaft; the slope or shaft to continue exca- (5) The location and elevation of the vation operations until the hazardous coalbed; condition has been abated. (6) The general characteristics of the (d) No work shall be performed in any strata through which the slope or shaft slope or shaft, no drilling equipment will be developed; shall be started, and no electrical (7) The type of equipment which the equipment shall be energized if the operator proposes to use when the methane content in such slope or shaft work is to be performed by the opera- is 1.0 volume per centum, or more. tor. When work is to be performed by a (e) Nothing in this § 77.1901 shall pre- contractor the operator shall, as soon vent the specific assignment of men in as known to him, supplement the plan the slope or shaft for purposes of abat- with a description of the type of equip- ing excessive methane concentrations ment to be used by the contractor; or any other hazardous condition. (8) The system of ventilation to be (f) The results of all inspections con- used; and ducted in accordance with the provi- (9) Safeguards for the prevention of sions of paragraph (a) of this section caving during excavation. shall be recorded in a book approved by the Secretary. (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)) (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)) [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 47 FR 28096, June 29, 1982; 60 FR 33723, June 29, [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 60 1995] FR 33723, June 29, 1995]
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§ 77.1901–1 Methane and oxygen defi- dible to the hoistman. Signal codes ciency tests; approved devices. used in any communication system Tests for oxygen deficiency shall be shall be posted conspicuously at each made with a permissible flame safety slope and shaft. lamp or other means approved by the (b) Signaling systems used for com- Secretary, and tests for methane shall munication between slopes and shafts be made with a methane detector ap- and the hoistman shall be tested daily. proved by the Secretary. § 77.1905 Hoist safeguards; general. § 77.1902 Drilling and mucking oper- ations. (a) Hoists used to transport persons shall be equipped with brakes capable Diesel-powered equipment used in the of stopping and holding the cage, buck- drilling, mucking, or other excavation et, platform, or other device when fully of any slope or shaft shall be permis- loaded. sible, and such equipment shall be op- erated in a permissible manner and (b) When persons are transported by shall be maintained in a permissible a hoist, a second person familiar with condition. and qualified to stop the hoist shall be in attendance, except where the hoist § 77.1902–1 Permissible diesel-powered is fully equipped with overspeed, equipment. overwind, and automatic stop devices. Diesel-powered equipment which has been approved by the Bureau of Mines § 77.1906 Hoists; daily inspection. or the Mine Safety and Health Admin- (a) Hoists used to transport persons istration under Part 36 of this chapter shall be inspected daily. The inspection (Bureau of Mines Schedule 31) is per- shall include examination of the head- missible under the provisions of this gear (headframe, sheave wheels, etc.), section. connections, links and chains, and other facilities. § 77.1903 Hoists and hoisting; mini- mum requirements. (b) Prior to each working shift, and before a hoist is returned to service (a) Hoists used in transporting per- after it has been out of normal service sons and material during drilling, mucking, or other excavating oper- for any reason, the hoist shall be run ations in any slope or shaft shall have by the hoist operator through one com- rated capacities consistent with the plete cycle of operation before any per- loads to be handled. son is permitted to be transported. (b) Each hoist used in drilling, muck- (c) At the completion of each daily ing, or other excavating operations examination required by paragraph (a) shall be equipped with an accurate and of this section, the person making the reliable indicator of the position of the examination shall certify, by signature cage, platform, or bucket. The indica- and date, that the examination has tor shall be installed in clear view of been made. If any unsafe condition in the hoist operator. the hoisting equipment is present, the (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health person conducting the examination Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by shall make a record of the condition Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) and the date. Certifications and records shall be retained for one year. [48 FR 53242, Nov. 25, 1983; 48 FR 54975, Dec. 8, 1983] (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by § 77.1904 Communications between Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) slope and shaft bottoms and hoist operators. [48 FR 53242, Nov. 25, 1983, as amended at 60 (a) Two independent means of signal- FR 33723, June 29, 1995] ing shall be provided between the hoistman and all points in a slope or § 77.1907 Hoist construction; general. shaft where men are required to work. If hooks are used to attach cages or At least one of these means shall be au- buckets to the socket or thimble of a
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hoisting rope, the hooks shall be self- minute and not more than 200 feet per closing. minute when within 100 feet of any stop. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by (k) A notice of established speeds Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) shall be posted in clear view of the hoistman. [48 FR 53242, Nov. 25, 1983] (l) Conveyances being lowered in a shaft in which men are working shall § 77.1908 Hoist installations; use. be stopped at least 15 feet above such (a) Where men are transported by men and shall be lowered further only means of a hoist and the depth of the after the hoistman has received a sig- shaft exceeds 50 feet, the hoist rope nal that all men who may be endan- shall be suspended from a substantial gered by the conveyance are in the hoisting installation which shall be clear. high enough to provide working clear- (m) No skip or bucket shall be raised ance between the bottom of the sheave or lowered in a slope or shaft until it and the top of the cage or bucket. has been trimmed to prevent material (b) Where men are transported by from falling back down the slope or means of a hoist and the depth of the shaft. shaft exceeds 100 feet, temporary shaft (n) Measures shall be taken to pre- guides and guide attachments, or other vent material from falling back into no less effective means, shall be in- the shaft while buckets or other con- stalled to prevent the cage, platform, veyances are being unloaded. or bucket from swinging. (o) Properly attached safety belts (c) All guides and guide attachments, shall be worn by all persons required to or other no less effective means, in- work in or over any shaft where there stalled in accordance with paragraph is a drop of 10 or more feet, unless (b) of this section shall be maintained other acceptable means are provided to to a depth of not less than 75 feet from prevent such persons from falling into the bottom of the shaft. the shaft. (d) Where crossheads are used, the § 77.1908–1 Hoist operation; qualified cage, platform, or bucket shall not be hoistman. hung more than 10 feet below the cross- Hoists shall be under the control of head. and operated by a qualified hoistman (e) Where men are required to em- when men are in a slope or shaft. bark or disembark from a cage, plat- form or bucket suspended over or with- § 77.1909 Explosives and blasting; use in a shaft, a loading platform shall be of permissible explosives and shot- installed to insure safe footing. firing units. (f) During the development of each Except as provided in § 77.1909–1, only slope or shaft, either a ladder or inde- permissible explosives and permissible pendently powered auxiliary hoist shall shot-firing units shall be used in sink- be provided to permit men to escape ing shafts and slopes. quickly in the event of an emergency. (g) No person shall be permitted to § 77.1909–1 Use of nonpermissible ex- ride the rim of any bucket or on the plosives and nonpermissible shot- top of a loaded bucket. firing units; approval by Health and (h) The number of persons permitted Safety District Manager. to ride in cages, skips, or buckets shall Where the Coal Mine Health and be limited so as to prevent overcrowd- Safety District Manager has deter- ing. mined that the use of nonpermissible (i) Persons shall not be permitted to explosives and nonpermissible shot-fir- ride on a cage, skip, or bucket with ing units will not pose a hazard to any tools or materials, except when nec- person during the development of a essary to handle equipment while in slope or shaft, he may, after written transit. Materials shall be secured to application by the operator, approve prevent shifting while being hoisted. the use of such explosives and shot-fir- (j) The speed of buckets transporting ing units and issue a permit for the use persons shall not exceed 500 feet per of such explosives and devices setting
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forth the safeguards to be employed by platforms after each blast before men the operator to protect the health and are lowered to the shaft bottom. safety of any person exposed to such blasting. § 77.1911 Ventilation of slopes and shafts. (Pub. L. No. 96–511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)) (a) All slopes and shafts shall be ven- tilated by mechanical ventilation [36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 60 equipment during development. Such FR 33723, June 29, 1995] equipment shall be examined before each shift and the quantity of air in § 77.1910 Explosives and blasting; gen- the slope or shaft measured daily by a eral. certified person and the results of such (a) Light and power circuits shall be examinations and tests recorded in a disconnected or removed from the book approved by the Secretary. blasting area before charging and (b) Ventilation fans shall be: blasting. (1) Installed on the surface; (b) All explosive materials, deto- (2) Installed in fireproof housing and nators, and any other related blasting connected to the slope or shaft opening material employed in the development with fireproof air ducts; of any slope or shaft shall be stored, (3) Designed to permit the reversal of transported, carried, charged, and fired the air current, and located in an area in accordance with the provision of which will prevent a recirculation of Subpart N, ‘‘Explosives and Blasting,’’ air from the slope or shaft or air con- of this Part 77. Except as provided in tamination from any other source; paragraph (c) of this section, all shots (4) Equipped with an automatic sig- shall be fired from the surface. nal device designed to give an alarm in (c) Where tests for methane have the event the fan slows or stops which been conducted and methane has not can be seen or heard by any person on been found and only permissible blast- duty in the vicinity of the fan, except ing units are being employed, shots may be fired from an upper level of the where fans are constantly attended. slope or shaft. (5) Offset not less than 15 feet from (d) Except as provided in paragraph the shaft; and (c) of this section, all men shall be re- (6) Equipped with air ducts which are moved from the slope or shaft prior to fire resistant and maintained so as to blasting. prevent excessive leakage of air; (e) Blasting areas in slopes or shafts (i) Flexible ducts shall be con- shall be covered with mats or other structed to permit ventilation by ei- suitable material when the excavation ther exhausting or blowing methods is too shallow to retain blasted mate- and when metal air ducts are used, rial. they shall be grounded effectively to (f) Where it is impracticable to pre- remove static and other electrical pare primers in the blasting area, prim- charges; ers may be prepared on the surface and (ii) Ducts shall extend as close to the carried into the shaft in specially con- bottom as necessary to ventilate prop- structed, insulated, covered containers. erly. (g) No other development operation (c) A qualified person, designated by shall be conducted in a shaft or at the the operator, shall be assigned to main- face of a slope while drill holes are tain each ventilating system. being charged and until after all shots (d) The fan shall be operated continu- have been fired. ously when men are below the surface. (h) The sides of the slope or shaft be- Any accidental stoppage or reduction tween the overhead platform and the in airflow shall be corrected promptly; bottom where men are working shall be however, where repairs cannot be made examined after each blast and loose immediately, development work below material removed. the surface shall be stopped and all the (i) Loose rock and other material men not needed to make necessary re- shall be removed from timbers and pairs shall be removed to the surface.
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§ 77.1912 Ladders and stairways. containers until removed from the (a) Substantial stairways or ladders area. shall be used during the construction § 77.1916 Welding, cutting, and solder- of all shafts where no mechanical ing; fire protection. means are provided for men to travel. (b) Landings at intervals of not more (a) One portable fire extinguisher than 30 feet shall be installed. shall be provided where welding, cut- (c) Shaft ladders shall project 3 feet ting, or soldering with arc or flame is above the collar of the shaft, and shall performed. be placed at least 3 inches from the (b) Welding, cutting, or soldering side of the shaft. with arc or flame within or in the vi- cinity of any slope or shaft, except § 77.1913 Fire-resistant wood. where such operations are performed in Except for crossties, timbers, and fireproof enclosures, shall be done other wood products which are perma- under the supervision of a qualified nently installed in slopes and shafts, person who shall make a diligent shall be fire resistant. search within or in the vicinity of the slope or shaft for fire during and after § 77.1914 Electrical equipment. such operations. (c) Before welding, cutting, or solder- (a) Electric equipment employed ing is performed in any slope or shaft below the collar of a slope or shaft dur- designed to penetrate into any coalbed ing excavation shall be permissible and below the surface, an examination for shall be maintained in a permissible condition. methane shall be made by a qualified (b) The insulation of all electric con- person with a device approved by the ductors employed below the collar of Secretary for detecting methane. Ex- any slope or shaft during excavation amination for methane shall be made shall be of the flame resistant type. immediately before and periodically (c) Only lamps and portable flood during welding, cutting, or soldering lights approved by the Bureau of Mines and such work shall not be permitted or the Mine Safety and Health Admin- to commence or continue in air which istration under Part 19 and Part 20 of contains 1.0 volume per centum or this chapter (Bureau of Mines Sched- more of methane. ules 6D and 10C) shall be employed (d) Noncombustible barriers shall be below the collar of any slope or shaft. installed below welding, cutting, or sol- dering operations in or over a shaft. § 77.1915 Storage and handling of com- bustible materials. Subpart U—Approved Books and (a) Compressed and liquefied gas, oil, Records [Reserved] gasoline, and other petroleum products shall not be stored within 100 feet of PART 90—MANDATORY HEALTH any slope or shaft opening. STANDARDS—COAL MINERS (b) Other combustible material and supplies shall not be stored within 25 WHO HAVE EVIDENCE OF THE feet of any slope or shaft opening. DEVELOPMENT OF PNEUMO- (c) Pyritic slates, bony coal, culm or CONIOSIS other material capable of spontaneous combustion shall not be used for fill or Subpart A—General as surfacing material within 100 feet of Sec. any slope or shaft opening. 90.1 Scope. (d) Areas surrounding the opening of 90.2 Definitions. each slope or shaft shall be constructed 90.3 Part 90 option; notice of eligibility; ex- to insure the drainage of flammable ercise of option. liquids away from the slope or shaft in the event of spillage. Subpart B—Dust Standards, Rights of Part (e) Oily rags, waste, waste paper, and 90 Miners other combustible waste material dis- 90.100 Respirable dust standard. posed of in the vicinity of any slope or 90.101 Respirable dust standard when quartz shaft opening shall be stored in closed is present.
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