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Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 42486-018 June 2021

India: Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project – Additional Financing (Water Supply Scheme Subproject Town Bada Malhera)

Package No. MPUSIP-6K

Prepared by the Project Management Unit, Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company, Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As on 29 June 2021)

Currency unit – Indian rupee (₹) ₹1.00 = $0.013 $1.00 = ₹74.23

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank ASO – Assistant Safeguards Officer BNP – Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad CFE – Consent for Establishment CFO – Consent for Operation CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board CWS – Clear Water Sump EA – Executing Agency EE – Executive Engineer EHS – Environmental Health & Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan; GOI – Government of India GOMP – Government of Madhya Pradesh HDPE – High Density Poly-ethylene HFL – Highest Flood Level IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination; LPCD – Liters per Capita per Day MFF – Multi-tranche Financing Facility MLD – Million Liters per Day MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forest MPPCB – Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board MPUDC – Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company NOC – No Objection Certificate OHT – Over Head Tank PMC – Project Management Consultant PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – Project Implementation Unit; PMU – Project Management Unit PO – Project Officer PWD – Public Works Department REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist ROW – right-of-way SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement,2009 UDED – Urban Development & Environment Department ULB – Urban Local Body WTP – Water Treatment Plant WRD – Water Resources Department WSS – Water Supply Scheme

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C Degree Celsius

km kilometer LPCD Liter per capita per day mm Mille meter m meter MLD Million liter per day MCM Million Cubic Meter No’s Number sq.km square kilometer

NOTE

In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars.

This draft initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of IEE Report 1 C. Report Structure 2 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECT 3 A. Project Area 3 B. Existing Water Supply Situation 5 C. Components of the Subproject 8 D. Description of the Important Individual Components 11 E. Implementation Schedule 21 III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 29 A. ADB Policy 29 B. National Environmental Laws 29 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA) 37 A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study 37 B. Physical Environment 38 C. Ecological Resources 41 D. Economic Development 42 E. Socio Cultural Resources 44 F. Subproject Site Environmental Features 44 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 58 A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design & Location 59 B. Environmental Audit of Existing Water Treatment Plant 87 C. Construction Impacts 90 D. Operation and Maintenance Impacts 102 E. Project benefits 104 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION 105 A. Overview 105 B. Public Consultation 105 C. Information Disclosure 107 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESSMECHANISM 108 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism 108 B. Purpose of the GRM Manual: 108 C. Principles: 108 D. Nature and scope of Grievance Redress Mechanism under MPUSIP 109 E. Structure of GRM and its Functions: 109 F. Process of Grievance Redress Mechanism 112 G. Monitoring and Evaluation Systems of GRM 115 H. Action Plan for the formation of the GRM 116 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 117 A. Environmental Management Plan 117 B. Implementation Arrangements 157 C. EMP Compliance Responsibilities 157 D. Training Needs 160 E. Monitoring and Reporting 161 F. EMP Implementation Cost 161 IX. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 163

List of Tables

Table 1: Details of Existing Water Source & Water Supply System 7 Table 2: Project Water Demand 8 Table 3: Proposed Bada Malhera Town Water Supply Subproject Components 9 Table 4: Applicable Environmental Regulations 30 Table 5: WHO Ambient Air& Noise Quality Guidelines 37 Table 6: Existing Land Use Details 42 Table 7: Site Environmental Features of Proposed WSS Components of Bada Malhera Town 45 Table 8: Existing Weirs/ Check Dams across Kathan River and distance from Origin of river & proposed weir & Pick-up weir for Bada Malhera Town WSS 61 Table 9: Baseline Information and Flow Dynamics of River Kathan 69 Table 10: Details of Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir across Kathan River 70 Table 11: Area Capacity Table of Proposed Weir for Bada Malhera Town WSS 71 Table 12: Evaporation Losses Table as per Central Water Commission 71 Table 13: Storage Capacity of Proposed Weir of Bada Malhera Town WSS at Contour 295 = 835.42 ML 72 Table 14: Storage Capacity of Pick-up Weir at Bada Malhera 113.38 ML at Contour 290 m 73 Table 15: Water Availability/ Yield Analysis based on Catchment area & Rainfall at Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir Site – Bada Malhera Town WSS 74 Table 16: Salient Features of Bada Malhera Existing WTP 87 Table 17: Compliance with Applicable National and State Regulations 88 Table 18: Corrective Action Plan (CAP) for Environmental Compliance of Existing WTP 90 Table 19: Design Stage Environmental Management Plan 118 Table 20: Pre-Construction State Environmental Management Plan 121 Table 21: Construction Stage Environmental Management Plan 128 Table 22: Operation Stage Environmental Management Plan 151 Table 23: Pre-Construction and Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan 154 Table 24: Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan 155 Table 25: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation 160 Table 26: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP 161

List of Figures Figure 1: Location of Bada Malhera Town in M.P. State Map 4 Figure 2: Location of Subproject Town Bada Malhera in District Map 5 Figure 3: Existing Water Abstraction Structure for Bada Malhera Town (to be used after Rehabilitation 12 Figure 4: Photographs of Existing Intake well located on the bank of River Kathan near Garkhuwan village 13 Figure 5: Existing WTP for Bada Malhera Town (to be used after Rehabilitation) 15 Figure 6: Google Earth Map Showing Existing WTP Located on Garkhuwan road in Ward No. 12, Bada Malhera 16 Figure 7: Photographs of Existing WTP located on Garkhuwan road in Ward No. 12, Bada Malhera 17 Figure 8: Photographs of Existing OHTs in Bada Malhera to be Utilized under MPUSIP 19 Figure 9: Key Plan Showing Proposed & Existing Components From Source to OHTs – Bada Malhera Town WSS 22 Figure 10: Google Earth Map Showing Source to OHTs - Proposed & Existing Components, Raw and Clear Water Alignment of Bada Malhera Town WSS 23 Figure 11: Zone plan details 24 Figure 12: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 1) 25 Figure 13: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 2) 26 Figure 14: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 3) 27 Figure 15: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 4) 28 Figure 16: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed Weir, Pick-up Weir & Existing Intake Well of Bada Malhera WSS 54 Figure 17: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed / Existing Components of Bada Malhera WSS55 Figure 18: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed OHT 160 KL - Bada Malhera Town WSS 56 Figure 19: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed OHT 330 KL - Bada Malhera Town WSS 57 Figure 20: Showing Origin & Destination Point and Location of Nearest Existing Weir (U18), Proposed weir & Pick-up weir, and existing Intake in Kathan River Near Garkhuwan village 64 Figure 21: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing Dams/Weirs w.r.t. Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir across Kathan River 65 Figure 22: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing Weir/Check Dam (D1) on downstream of Proposed weir & Pick-up weir and existing Intake in Kathan River 66 Figure 23: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing weirs/check dams (U15 to U18) on Upstream of Proposed weir & Pick-up weir and existing Intake in Kathan River 67 Figure 24: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing weirs/check dams (U1 to U15) on Upstream of Proposed weir & Pick-up weir and existing Intake in Kathan River 68 Figure 25: Weir Capacity Curve 72 Figure 26: Pick-up Weir Capacity Curve 73 Figure 27: Catchment Area w.r.t. Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir across Kathan River near Garkhuwan Village 75 Figure 28: Site Photographs of River Kathan Showing River Banks Height 76 Figure 29: Contour Map of Kathan River Superimposed on Google Earth Map showing Submergence area w.r.t. proposed Weir height and Location 80 Figure 30: Details of Plan, Cross-Section & Elevation of Proposed Weir Showing Sluice Gates for Bada Malhera Town WSS 83 Figure 31: Details of Plan, Cross-Section & Elevation of Proposed Pick-up Weir for Bada Malhera Town WSS 84 Figure 32 : Flowchart for Preparing an Asbestos Management Plan 99 Figure 33: Work Flow Diagram on GRM 112 Figure 34: Structure and Process of GRC 115

List of Appendices

Appendix 1: ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 166 Appendix 2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards 171 Appendix 3: Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms 172 Appendix 4: National Ambient Air Quality Standards In Respect Of Noise 173 Appendix 5: Comparison Between Indian Environmental Standards and IFC Standards 174 Appendix 6: Extract From Construction & Demolition Management Rules, 2016 178 Appendix 7: Salient Features Of Major Labor Laws Applicable To Establishments Engaged In Construction Of Civil Works 184 Appendix 8: Drinking Water Standards 185 Appendix 9: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan 187 Appendix 10: Sample Outline Spoils (Construction Waste) Management Plan 194 Appendix 11: Application Submitted to WRD for Water Abstraction From Kathan River For Bada Malhera Town WSS 195 Appendix 12: Surface Water Quality Results – Kathan River 198 Appendix 13: Guidance on Siting and facilities in Contractors Camps 200 Appendix 14: Guideline for Construction Work about Safety from COVID-19 Pandemic 205 Appendix 15: Sample Grievance Registration Form 213 Appendix 16: Sample Environmental Site Inspection Report 214 Appendix 17: Quarterly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer 217 Appendix 18: Stakeholder Consultation Details, Photographs of Consultations and List of Participants in Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad under Package 6K 223 Appendix 19: GPS Coordinates of Proposed/Existing WSS Components Sites of Subproject Towns – Bada Malhera Town under Package 6K 243

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Government of Madhya Pradesh with loan funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB) has proposed to implement Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project (MPUSIP), herein after referred as ‘the Project’. Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDC) shall be the Implementing Agency and the State Urban Development and Housing Department (UDHD) shall be the executing agency for the Project.

The Project components are as follows:

(i) Component 1: Improvements to water supply and sewerage services in identified towns • Continuous, pressurized, safe and sustainable drinking water through private household metered connections in sixty-four towns in the State of Madhya Pradesh in Central India; and • Sewage collection and treatment services proposed in six (6) identified towns (Sanchi, Maihar, Dhamnod, Nagda, Khajuraho and Rajnagar) etc;

(ii) Component 2: Institutional Strengthening • Capacity Building of implementing agencies (IAs), participating Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and service utilities in contract management and service delivery for ensuring long term sustainability of services; • Setting up of geographic information system (GIS) based water and sanitation asset management and service delivery monitoring; and • Structured behavioral change campaigns to ensure the improvement in public health and cost recovery of service delivery. (iii) Component 3: Project Management and Administration Support. This component will support the smooth and effective implementation and operation of the Project which includes expert support in Project design and implementation (design, procurement and Contract and Project Management, safeguards etc.), and project administration through Executing and Implementing Agencies.

The subproject: The subproject town Bada Malhera is located in the Chhattarpur district in the eastern part of Madhya Pradesh state. Bada Malhera is a small town, and population as per 2011 census was 18335. Improvement of water supply in the town will be implemented under a single Design-Build-Operate (DBO) contract package. The objective of the proposed improvements in town is to achieve safe and sustainable water services both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery and conservation of precious water resources. The project proposals envisage providing 100% coverage of population with continuous, pressurized and safe drinking water services and achieving progressively increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency. The subproject includes civil works, project implementation and management, and non-physical investments. The subproject includes the following civil works.

Bada Malhera WSS project include following works: (i) Construction of a Weir of 192 length and 6m height across River Kathan, (ii) Construction of a Pick-up Weir of 94 length and 2m height across River Kathan; (iii) Repair and Rehabilitation of Existing Intake Well of 4.0m dia and 15.0m height on the bank of River Kathan; (iv) Repair and Rehabilitation of Existing Water Treatment Plant (WTP) of 3.0 MLD capacity (v)Laying of Clear Water Rising Main (CWRM) of length-3641m and dia 100-200mm DI K-9 pipes; (vi) 2 Nos.Over Head Tank (OHT) of capacity ii

330 KL and 100 KL ; (vii) Distribution network 42417 m length having (110-250 mm dia) HDPE pipes; (viii) Bulk flow meter – 17 nos. and (viii) House connections with meters-(2156 no,s – Domestic and 50 no,s Non-domestic connections).

Screening and assessment of potential impacts. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. The potential environmental impacts of the subproject have been assessed using ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Water Supply. Then potential negative impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure.

The subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts because: (i) the water abstraction for the project is very minimal in comparison with the river water flow/availability, there are already dams/weirs across the river both upstream and downstream and there are no notable sensitive environmental features; (ii) the components will involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized; (iii) predicted impacts are site- specific and likely to be associated with the construction process and are produced because the process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and (iv) being located mainly in an existing built-up area, will not cause direct impact on terrestrial biodiversity values. Potential negative impacts mainly arise from disturbance of residents, businesses, increase in traffic, increase in noise level and dusts, and the need to dispose moderate quantities of waste soil during construction phase and generation of sludge from the WTP during operation and maintenance phase. However, there are well-developed methods for mitigation of these impacts to acceptable levels.

Categorization. Based on results of the assessment and ADB SPS, the subproject is classified as environmental Category B, i.e., the subproject is judged to be unlikely to have significant adverse environmental impacts. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an environmental impact assessment are likely.

Aim of this IEE is to (i) provide critical facts, significant findings, and recommended actions; (ii) present the national and local legal and institutional framework within which the environmental assessment has been carried out; (iii) provide information on existing geographic, ecological, social and temporal context including associated facilities within the subproject’s area of influence; (iv) assess the subproject’s likely positive and negative direct and indirect impacts to physical, biological, socioeconomic and physical cultural resources in the subproject’s area of influence; (v) identify mitigation measures and any residual negative impacts that cannot be mitigated; (vi) describe the process undertaken during project design to engage stakeholders and the planned information disclosure measures and the process for carrying out consultation with affected people and facilitating their participation during project implementation; (vii) describe the subproject’s grievance redress mechanism for resolving complaints about environmental performance; (viii) present the set of mitigation measures to be undertaken to avoid, reduce, mitigate, or compensate for adverse environmental impacts; (ix) to describe the monitoring measures and reporting procedures to ensure early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures; and (x) identify indicative costs and who is responsible for carrying out the mitigation and monitoring measures.

Description of the Environment. The subproject components locations are in Bada Malhera town and its surroundings. Project area mostly comprises urban areas, agricultural areas of iii

Bada Malhera town. The immediate surroundings were converted into urban use for many years ago, and there is no natural habitat left at the subproject sites. There is no ecological sensitive feature, such as forests, are present nearby. Project area experience a subtropical climate, typical to north India, hot summers, cold and dry winters and monsoon rains. While there is no natural habitat left within the town areas, the areas near river intake are comparatively intact though most of the lands there too converted into agricultural use. There are no protected areas, like wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, nor there are any historically, archeologically protected areas in the vicinity. There are no forest areas within the town or in the project area. None of the proposed components are located in any sensitive areas like forest. Town is densely populated in the core/old town areas with narrow lanes, and small and closely built houses, while most of the areas are undeveloped and are still under agricultural use. Commercial areas are along the main roads, which are mostly congested with activities, pedestrians and traffic. The existing intake well is located on the bank of Kathan River near village Garkhuwan, which is about 3.6 km away from Bada Malhera town. Proposed weir and pick-up weir will be constructed across River Kathan nearby existing intake well at Garkhuwan village. Proposed weir will be constructed on upstream of existing intake well (about 0.44 km away) & from Low bridge (about 0.135 km away from bridge to avoid the submergence of it.). Proposed pick-up weir will be constructed in the downstream of the proposed weir (about 1.47 km away) and from existing intake well (about 0.8 km away). Water will be released from weir and Pick-up weir will hold the water in the pool and then raw water will be abstracted from pick- up weir across Kathan River through existing intake and supply to WTP. Existing intake proposed weir and pick-up weir sites are located outside the town about 3.6 km away on north- western side of Bada Malhera town and are mostly surrounded by agricultural lands, and rivers/reservoirs. The Aquatic life in the river is limited to local common species of fishes and aquatic plants. There are no notable sensitive features. There is no forest area either in the downstream or in the upstream of the proposed intake site. The catchment area is mostly characterized by agricultural and barren lands. There are no polluting sources like industries or mining in the catchment areas. Habitations are limited to small villages. Rest of the components – existing WTP, water tanks, distribution lines, connections etc., will be located within the urban areas. existing WTP location is on a vacant government owned barren land within town, which is about a distance of 3.6 km away from intake site. All the locations of the OHT are government-owned barren land with no notable tree cover. The existing raw water rising mains (RWRM), connecting intake and WTP, is outside the town, and clear water rising mains (CWRM), from WTP to distribution reservoirs, is within the town. Existing RWRM will be utilized in this scheme which were laid by PHE department in 2015. CWRM will be laid along existing main road of ULB and in some part along NH-86 roads within ROW. The pipes will not traverse any private land across the entire length of the proposed alignment. Pipe will be laid underground. Distribution networks will be laid along the ULB roads/streets in the town within the road right of way (ROW). Distribution network/transmission lines will not be laid in forest areas, water bodies as there is no involvement of forest land nor comes along water bodies. There are no trees along the roads, except in some colonies in the outer areas. In old town areas pipes will be laid in the middle of the road, which may affect the traffic.

Potential Environmental Impacts: Potential impacts were identified in relation to location, design, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure. The subproject area will not arise any significant adverse impacts due to: (i) small size population and their water demand, (ii) components proposed in the scheme are of comparatively is of small quantities & their effect will be locally which is manageable and controllable and (iii) predicted impacts are site-specific and likely to be associated with the construction process and are produced because the process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements. iv

Source Sustainability & Environmental Considerations: The proposed water supply scheme of Bada Malhera town include design of new surface source-based system with nearest surface water body i.e. River Kathan, which flows at about 3.6 km away from the town. The proposed water supply scheme includes construction of a Weir and a pick-up Weir across Kathan River near Garkhuwan village for storage of water to meet the demand of no flow / non-rainy period. Kathan river is not a perennial river. No flow data is available as there is no gauging station on the river. As per information gathered from the locally, river flows for about 4-5 months, from late June / early July to October and mid of November. Flow is normally very high during the peak monsoon months of July and August, and high to medium in the months of September and October. From November onwards, flow reduces significantly, and becomes very low from mid- November, and completely gets dry from the end of January to the onset of next monsoon in late June / July. ver without any storage structures will be able to provide water supply for about 4 months. Hence a weir is required to create water storage for remaining 8 months of the year, so that Ultimate demand of the town can be fulfilled.

Considering the height of banks, it is assessed that to confine the water storage to the river course, a weir of maximum height 6 m can be constructed. River banks at this site is 8-10 m above bed level. On the basis of area basin survey, it is estimated that proposed weir of 6 m will have capacity of 0.835 MCM, which is less than annual requirement of 0.92 MCM. Therefore, it is proposed to construct an additional weir of 2 m high with capacity of 0.113 MCM. Together, the storage from both the weirs will be sufficient to meet the demand. It is proposed to utilize the existing river intake, which is at the upstream of proposed 2 m high weir site. The downstream weir (2m high) will act as a pick up weir, from where the water will be abstracted via intake, while the upstream weir (6 m high) will act as storage weir. Pick up weir will be filled from storage weir as and when required.

The total water demand for Bada Malhera town is estimated to be 2.52 MLD. Considering evaporation losses from the storage, the estimated water requirement of 8 months low / no-flow season is 0.915 MCM. In the absence of flow records, catchment yield is estimated as 145.68 MCM based on the area (1,214 sq. km) and the rainfall. The requirement of the town is just about 0.63% of the total yield and therefore the source is sustainable, and also unlikely to have any notable impacts on the river flow regime. Also, the increase in overall storage volume across the river due construction new weir is will also not be significant. Although there are total 19 weirs/check dams/dams across the river, except Bila Dam, all are very small, and storage capacity is just around 0.5 MCM. Bila Dam is situated 60 km upstream of proposed weir site, and the capacity of Bila Dam is 56.37 MCM. In terms of water availability, the cumulative storage on the river is about 45% of total catchment yield. Creation of new storage for Bada Malhar with just 0.92 MCM of water is unlikely to alter the existing situation considerably. Water storage will be confined to river course, so therefore no impacts related to water impoundment or submergence. Given intermittent nature of river, there are no notable sensitive environmental features. There is no notable, protected or unique aquatic life in the river, and the fish is limited to local common species and aquatic plants. Low level sluice gates will be opened prior to onset of heavy monsoon flows; this arrangement avoids silt accumulation and also prevents obstruction of heavy monsoon flows.

River water quality is suitable for drinking water after conventional treatment and disinfection, and there are no notable pollution sources. Convention water treatment and disinfection which is proposed in the project is adequate to make the water usable for drinking purpose. Permission of water resources department (WRD) is a prerequisite for this project, and this will be obtained from WRD, GoMP, prior to start of works. WRD permission for abstraction from the v river is in process. PMU has already discussed with the WRD, and the permission is likely to be issued soon.

It is proposed to utilize the existing intake, raw water main and WTP with necessary rehabilitation and repair works WTP do not have proper wastewater and sludge management system, and chlorine safety facilities. Therefore, these are included in the proposed subproject proposals to ensure compliance with the ADB SPS. Existing WTP also does not have the mandatory consent from the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB), which needs to be obtained from the MPPCB for rehabilitation and further operation.

During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the disturbance of residents, businesses, increase in traffic, increase in noise level and dusts and the need to dispose of moderate quantities of waste soil during construction phase. These are common temporary impacts of construction in urban areas, and there are well developed methods for their mitigation. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable level.

Environmental Management Plan. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. The EMP includes design measures such as (i) discontinuation of groundwater source, and shifting to a sustainable surface water source (Kathan River); (ii) design & construction of small weir & pick-up weir; (iii) wash water recovery for the WTP to reduce effluent to be discharged; (iv) beneficial use of treated sludge; and (v) quick leak detection and rectification to save the resources, etc. During construction, the EMP includes mitigation measures such as (i) selection of appropriate construction methodology and scheduling for intake works in river;(ii) implementation of traffic management plan in coordination with local traffic police to minimize traffic impacts; (iii) awareness campaigns and consultations to inform residents and businesses of potential disturbances; (iv) provision of walkways and planks over trenches to ensure access will not be impeded; (v) use of noise-dampening measures in areas with sensitive receptors such as hospitals, schools, places of worships and other silence-zones; (vi) use of dust- suppression methods such as watering and/or covering of stockpiles; and (vii) finding beneficial use of excavated materials to extent possible to reduce the quantity that will be disposed off. As for the O&M phase, facilities will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only. The design of the WTP includes dewatering and drying areas as part of sludge management. The EMP includes mitigation measures and monitoring plan to ensure compliance to environmental standards during O&M phase.

The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC), project management unit (PMU), project implementing unit (PIU), consultants and contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non- detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries. vi

The contractor will be required to submit to PMU, for review and approval, a site environmental plan (SEP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per SEP; and (iv) budget for SEP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEP. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP included in the bid and contract documents. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.

Consultation, disclosure and grievance redress mechanism. The stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE through discussions on-site and public consultation at several places in the town, after which views expressed were incorporated into the IEE and in the planning and development of the project. The IEE will be made available at public locations and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB, MPUDC and PMU websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation. A grievance redress mechanism is described within the IEE to ensure any public grievances are addressed quickly.

Implementation Arrangements. Urban Development and Housing Department (UDHD) of Government of Madhya Pradesh will be the Executing Agency. Implementing Agency will be Madhya Pradesh Urban Development (MPUDC), A central Project Management Unit (PMU) attached to MPUDC will be responsible for implementing the MPUSIP. The PMU will be supported by Project Implementation Units (PIUs). Several teams of Design Consultants, and a Project Management Consultant (PMC) centrally located in PMU and with field teams, will support PMU & PIUs. Infrastructure will be designed, built, and operated (DBO) by contractor for 10 years, after which it will be transferred to the ULB. Project Officer (Environment) at PMU and Assistant Safeguard Officer (ASO) at each of the PIU will be responsible for environment safeguards tasks, and will be supported by Environment Specialist of PMC Team. Contractor personnel will include an Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) supervisor.

Monitoring and Reporting. The PMU and PMC will be responsible for monitoring. The PMDC will submit quarterly and semi-annual monitoring reports to PMU, and the PMU will review and send the semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. ADB will post the environmental monitoring reports on its website.

Conclusions and Recommendations. The proposed subproject is therefore unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. The potential impacts that are associated with design, construction and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. Based on the findings of the IEE, there are no significant impacts and the classification of the project as Category “B” is confirmed. No further special study or detailed environmental impact assessment (EIA) needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009) or GoI EIA Notification (2006). Project will require following government permission/approvals: (i) permission of Water Resources Department (WRD), GoMP for water abstraction from River Kathan and construction of weir and pick-up weir; and (ii) consent to establish / operate for existing WTP from Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board. These permissions/approvals shall be obtained prior to start of civil works.

This IEE will be updated during the detailed design stage by the DBO contractor to reflect any changes, amendments and will be reviewed and approved by PMU.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

1. Government of Madhya Pradesh with loan funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB) has proposed to implement Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project (MPUSIP), herein after referred as ‘the Project’. Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDC) shall be the Implementing Agency and the State Urban Development and Housing Department (UDHD) shall be the executing agency for the Project.

2. The Project components are as follows:

3. The Subproject. Bada Malhera is located in Chhattarpur District in the eastern part of Madhya Pradesh state and improvement of water supply in the town is one of the subprojects proposed under MPUSIP. The objective of the subproject is to achieve safe and sustainable water services both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery and conservation of precious water resources. The subproject envisages providing 100% coverage of population with continuous, pressurized and safe drinking water services and achieving progressively increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency. The subproject includes civil works: two weirs across Kathan River, clear water transmission main, overhead tanks, distribution network, consumer connections and flow meters. Subproject also includes repairs and rehabilitation of exiting intake and WTP. A detailed description of the components is provided in Section III.

B. Purpose of IEE Report

4. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement (2009). The potential environmental impacts of the subproject 2 have been assessed using ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Water Supply (Refer Appendix 1). Then potential negative impacts were identified in relation to pre- construction, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure, and results of the assessment show that the subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. Thus, this initial environmental examination (IEE) has been prepared in accordance with ADB SPS’s requirements for environment category B projects.

5. This IEE is based on the preliminary engineering report prepared by the DPR Consultant “Shah & Pant Consulting Engineers (P) Ltd. Lucknow” team and will be finalized during implementation stage by DBO contractor to reflect any changes and latest subproject designs. The IEE was based mainly on field reconnaissance surveys and secondary sources of information. No field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted however, the environmental monitoring program developed as part of the environmental management plan (EMP) will require the contractors to establish the baseline environmental conditions prior to commencement of civil works. The results will be reported as part of the environmental monitoring report and will be the basis to ensure no degradation will happen during subproject implementation. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

C. Report Structure

6. This report contains the following sections:

(i) Introduction (ii) Description of the Subproject (iii) Policy, Legal and Administrative framework (iv) Description of Environment (v) Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures (vi) Public Consultation and Information Disclosure (vii) Grievance Redress Mechanism (viii) Environmental Management Plan (ix) Conclusions and Recommendations

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECT

A. Project Area

7. Bada Malhera is a town and a Nagar Parishad in Chhattarpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It belongs to the Sagar division. It is located 54 KM towards Southwest from District headquarters Chhatarpur (Refer Figure 1 to Figure 2, below). Bada Malhera town is geographically situated at 24º 40' N and 79º 18' E and is 325 m above sea level. Bada Malhera is situated on NH - 86 connecting Sagar to Kanpur. National Highway (NH-86) passes through the town. The distance from Chhattarpur is about 54 Km, Tikamgarh is 60 km and Indore is 300 km and state capital Bhopal is 281 km from Bada Malhera town. Bada Malehara is bounded by Bijawar Tehsil towards East, Baldeogarh Tehsil towards North, Buxwaha and Shahgarh Tehsils towards South. Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh, Nowgaon and Damoh are the nearby Cities to Bada Malhera.

8. Bada Malhera town is established as Nagar Parishad in 1983. Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad (BNP) area comprises of 15 wards having the territorial jurisdiction of the Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad spans an area of 20.87 Sq.km. As per census 2011, Bada Malhera had a population of 18335. Bada Malhera is well connected via road. Bada Malhera is linked to other areas by road network only. Bada Malhera is situated on NH - 86 connecting Sagar to Kanpur. National Highway (NH-86) passes through the town. The nearest railway station is Chhatarpur railway station, which is nearly 54 km from the town and accessible via road network. Other nearest railway station is Teekamgarh (65km), Khajuraho (95km), Harpalpur (105km), Mauranipur (105km), Sagar (110km), Jhansi (175km) and Satna (190km) and is located on main Allahabad – Itarsi sector of Western Central Railways connect the main Jhansi - Bhopal sector of WCR from Bina. The nearest airport is also at Khajuraho, which has daily flights to and from the National Capital.

Figure 1: Location of Bada Malhera Town in M.P. State Map

Figure 2: Location of Subproject Town Bada Malhera in District Map

B. Existing Water Supply Situation

9. Source: The ground water is the main source of water for the Bada Malhera town. Presently, water is supplied through tube wells. There are 16 nos. of tube wells out of which only 10 are in working condition. In addition to this, hand pumps are other source of water in the town. A significant volume of ground water is also extracted through a network of hand pumps. 6

There are 26 nos. of hand pumps exists across the town. The water table in the area is going down years to years, due to which discharge of existing tube wells is going reduced. Mostly tube wells gets dry during summer. During summer, yield of the tube wells and hand pumps gets considerably reduced and thus town faces acute drinking water scarcity.

10. Apart from above mentioned, there is an existing intake well near village Garkhuwan in the natural pool on the bank of Kathan River, which is about 3.6 km from the town having dia. 4 m and height 15 m. There are 3 ports of 300 mm diameter. Also, there is an existing WTP having 3.00 MLD capacity and 01 no. of existing Elevated Service Reservoir in the town having 650 KL capacity. Intake well, WTP and 650 KL ESR have not been used since their construction in 2015. All these structures were built by the PHE department. Due to lack of maintenance, these structures are in poor condition and need some repairing work to meet their functional requirements.

11. Water Supply Coverage: Present water supply system is not sufficient to fulfill the water demand due to which town faces acute drinking water scarcity during summer season. The present water supply is 0.48 MLD @ 26 LPCD considering transmission losses. Due to scarcity, water is supplied on alternate days. The distribution network covers 30 percent of the developed area. At present, water is supplied to existing 160 kl ESR through tube wells and then distributed to certain areas of the town. In remaining parts of the town where pipe line is not laid, water is supplied through tractor tankers.

12. Treatment of water: Presently only primary informal treatment is being done. At present the entire water supply is being directly supplied from tube wells, without treatment except chlorination. Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad has adopted bleaching powder method for treatment of water. Before supply, bleaching powder is mixed for disinfection. As mentioned above, there is an existing water treatment plant having capacity of 3.00 MLD in the town constructed by PHE Department for surface water treatment for drinking purposes from Kathan River. Existing WTP have not been used since their construction in 2015. Due to lack of maintenance, WTP structures are in poor condition and need some rehabilitation and repairing work to meet their functional requirements. Existing WTP is taken into account for proposed system.

13. Water Storage Arrangement: Presently there are 02 nos. of existing overhead tanks (OHTs) of capacities 160 KL and 650 KL (staging height 20 m each) respectively. OHT 160 KL is located in ward no. 14, near Animal Hospital and OHT 650 KL is located in ward no. 07, near Government School in Bada Malhera town. OHT 650 KL were built by the PHE department and have not been used since their construction in 2015. At present, water is supplied to existing OHT 160 KL through tube wells and then distributed to certain areas of the town. OHT 160 KL is approximately 20 years old. Both the OHT are in working condition and structurally good and is taken into account for proposed system.

14. Water Distribution Arrangement: At present, the area of Bada Malhera town is not fully covered by distribution network. The distribution network covers 30 percent of the developed area and existing distribution covers about 23 km. About 18 km is covered by HDPE pipe line laid for distribution on both sides of NH-86 having dia. ranging from 90 mm – 160 mm. This pipe line was laid by National Highway Authority of India during construction of NH-86. These pipes are in good condition and have been considered in the proposed scheme. The remaining network of length 5.65 km is covered by AC pipes having dia. Ranging from 80 mm – 150 mm. These pipes are in dilapidated condition and cannot be used for distribution purpose. They are also buried approximately 10 to 12 feet (3-4 m) depth. 7

15. Service Connection: There are total of 1020 nos. water connection in Bada Malhera. All are domestic connections. There are no commercial connections.

16. Water Quality: The quality of water after the disinfection and distribution is considered Potable as per World Health Organization standards. In terms of quality standards, the quality of water in Bada Malhera town is quite satisfactory and suitable for domestic as well as other needs as told by the local people and officials of Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad. However, more sophisticated means of water treatment is necessary since common chlorination is the only method utilized.

Table 1: Details of Existing Water Source & Water Supply System S. No. Particulars Details

1. No. of Tube wells 16 nos.; 10 are working

2. No. of Hand pumps 26 nos.

3. Per Capita Supply 0.48 @26 LPCD considering losses.

4. Intake Well ▪ Diameter – 4.00 m ▪ Height - 15.00 m ▪ Ports 3 nos. 300 mm dia. 5. RWRM Length 3600 m, Dia. 200 mm (CI) considered for design in the proposal.

6. WTP 3.00 MLD Capacity

7. CW centrifugal pump 2 nos. pumps of having discharge 19.45 LPS & head 33 meter.

8. CWRM Length 1152 m, Dia. 200 mm (CI) considered for design in the proposal.

9. ESR 2 nos. existing ESRs having capacity 650 kl & 160 kl (Staging 20 m each) 10. Distribution System Length 18447 m, Dia. 90 mm – 160 mm HDPE pipe line considered for design in the proposal. Other lines length approximately 5065 m, Dia. 80 - 150 mm Ac pipes, these pipes are dilapidated and below ground approximately 3-4 m m hence discarded. Source: DPR Bada Malhera Town WSS

17. Issues in Present Water Supply System: After analyzing the existing situation of Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad, identified the following list of issues:

• Presently water supply is based on underground water sources which is inadequate to cater the demand of present population • Water supply quantity is very low compared to per capita supply guidelines (70 lpcd); ground water through tube wells is not reliable and quality is also not appropriate for drinking • Insufficient supply of water to all consumer ends in all parts of wards. • Low residual heads at the end of Ferrule ends. 8

• Insufficient quantity of water supply, especially during summer season • The water table in the area is going down years to years, due to which discharge of existing tube wells is going reduced. Mostly tube wells gets dry during summer. During summer, yield of the tube wells and hand pumps gets considerably reduced and thus town faces acute drinking water scarcity. • Present water treatment procedure has outlived and is very old and would not purify water to cleanest extent/ to the required levels. • There is an existing WTP on Garkhuwan road in ward no. 12 within the limit of Nagar Parishad Bada Malhera about 3.6 km away from existing intake site for surface water treatment. WTP have not been used since their construction in 2015. WTP structures were built by the PHE department and due to lack of maintenance; it is in poor condition and need some repairing and rehabilitation work to meet their functional requirements. • The skill required for maintenance and implementation of proposed treatment method, a comprehensive and continuous training sessions and monitoring team should be appointed for appropriate maintenance of water treatment plant • Lack of manpower has affected the operation and maintenance of water supply system including the revenue collection.

18. Overall, the current water supply systems in Bada Malhera town suffer from unreliable sources, low coverage, inadequate storage, poor network efficiency and low management capability.

C. Components of the Subproject

19. Water Demand: The current (2018) gross water demand of Bada Malhera 1.70 is estimated, while the base year (2020), intermediate year (2035) and ultimate design year (2050) demands are projected at 1.75 MLD, 2.13 MLD and 2.52 MLD respectively.

Table 2: Project Water Demand Per Capita Demand – 70 LPCD + 15% Water Losses Year 2018 2020 2035 2050

Projected 20493 21109 25733 30356 Population Bada 1.70 1.75 2.13 2.52 Malhera

20. Water Source. An alternative source analysis has been conducted to select a feasible and sustainable source of water supply to meet the ultimate design demand. Two alternatives: (i) Ground water; (ii) Katha River were considered as source of water supply and techno- economic and environment studies carried out, indicated that Kathan River is the best possible source. Also, the government policy to utilize surface water source wherever it is feasible worked in favour of using Kathan River as the source of water by constructing a weir and a Pick- up Weir.

21. River Kathan flows in the Western side of the town, which is about at a distance 3.6 km away from the Bada Malhera town and it is the only surface source of water. No other source of water is available nearby. River Kathan is non-perennial River. It has sufficient flow up to month 9 of October and mid of November. Since flow finishes after the rains, therefore additional storage is required for remaining 8 months of the year so that Ultimate demand of the town can be fulfilled. Hence a weir and a Pick-up weir have been proposed in this scheme. The capacity of the proposed weir is 0.835 MCM and that of the Pick-up weir is 0.113 mcm. Pick-up weir will be constructed in the downstream of the proposed weir and existing intake well. There is a low level bridge approximately 300 u/s of intake well site. Hence a weir proposed 135m u/s of the bridge to avoid the submergence of it. Water will be released from weir and pick-up weir will hold the water in the pool.

22. Proposed Project Components. As part of this project, it is proposed to develop a comprehensive water supply scheme based on River Kathan as a source for Bada Malhera town. Proposals include new reliable water source (Kathan River), weir, pick-up weir, utilization of existing intake, raw water abstraction, utilization of existing water treatment plant, energy efficient pumping machinery and clear water storage, Utilization of exiting raw & clear water transmission mains, overhead tanks and distribution network covering the whole town. Necessary rehabilitation and repair works will be carried out at the existing intake, WTP and ESRs. Project will also provide consumer connections with flow meters. Bulk flow meters are proposed at strategic locations to monitor the system performance efficiency.

23. Following Table 3 shows the proposed water supply systems along with nature and size of components in subproject towns. Figure 3 to Figure 15 show the proposed water systems, component layouts etc.

Table 3: Proposed Bada Malhera Town Water Supply Subproject Components Infrastructure Function Description Location Weir facility Creating storage in • Construction of weir having total Weir will be Constructed Kathan River by length of 192 m and height of 6.0 across Kathan River in constructing a weir m the upstream side of intake well & bridge near Garkhuwan village Pick-up Weir Creating storage in • Construction of pick-up wei Pick-up weir will be facility Kathan River by having total length of 94 m and constructed across constructing a pick- height of 2.0 m Kathan River in the up weir. Water after downstream of the being released from proposed weir and the weir will get existing intake well near stored in the pick-up Garkhuwan village. weir. Rehabilitation Raw water • Rehabilitation and repairs of Existing intake well cum & repairs of abstraction from existing intake well having pump house is located on existing Intake Kathan River and diameter of 4.0 m and height of the bank of Kathan River Well supply to WTP 15.0 m and Ports 3 nos. 300 mm near Garkhuwan village, dia. approximately 0.8km upstream of proposed pick-up weir and 0.67 km downstream of weir. Raw water To draw raw water Providing and installation of 02 nos. Raw water pumps will be pumping from source for Raw water Vertical Turbine pump installed in the existing station treatment and sets (one working and one stand by) intake located on the transmission of raw of 24.00 KW having motors of 31.67 bank of Kathan River. water up to WTP HP each having discharge of 26.89 with adequate lps & pumping head of 61.82 m with pressure 72.00 KVA transformer (for 10

Infrastructure Function Description Location uninterrupted power supply to pumps and motors) with all other necessary electrical and mechanical installations Rehabilitation Treatment of raw Rehabilitation and repairs of existing Existing WTP is located and repairs of water to meet the WTP having 3.00 MLD capacity: on Garkhuwan road in Existing Water drinking water Provision of back wash recirculation ward no. 12, Bada Treatment standards as per and sludge management system Malhera town Plant (WTP) standard norms Chlorine safety system

Clear water To provide 02 Nos. Centrifugal Horizontal Split Clear water pumps will be pumping adequate pressure Casing Pumps of 27.00 KW along installed in the existing station to transmit water to with motors of 35.99 HP having WTP campus near the overhead tanks pumping head of 73 m shall be clear water sump. provided with all necessary electrical and mechanical equipment. The discharge of pumps shall be 25.88 lps as required for intermediate phase. Clear water Treated water • Proposed length - 3641 m having • Clear water rising rising main transmission to Diameter 100 - 200 mm (DI K-9) main pipelines will be (CWRM) service reservoirs pipes. mostly laid along the Diameter Length Material main public roads with (mm) (m) ROW of Nagar Palika Parishad Bada 100 1571 DI K-9 Malhera, which are 150 666 DI K-9 wider. Pipes will be 200 1404 DI K-9 laid underground. Total 3641 DI K-9

OHTs To distribute clear Proposed to construct 02 nos. water from service RCC OHT. reservoirs to • OHT 330 KL having staging • OHT 330 KL capacity consumers with height 15 m, located near Sarsawati standard pressure public School in Ward No. 1, Bada Malhera • OHT 100 KL having staging • OHT 100 KL capacity height 18 m, located in Kommodpur near Shiv Temple in Ward No. 12, Bada Malhera Total area required for each OHT is (0.025 ha) site is owned by Revenue Utilization of 02 nos. existing OHT Department, GoMP after rehabilitation and repairs works

• OHT 160 KL capacity having • OHT 160 KL capacity staging height 20 m, located near Animal Hospital in Ward no. 14, Bada Malhera. • OHT 650 KL capacity having • OHT 650 KL capacity staging height 20 m, located near 11

Infrastructure Function Description Location government school in Ward no. 7, Bada Malhera. Distribution To distribute clear • Proposed length - 42417 m Pipes will be laid network I water from service having Diameter 110 - 250 mm underground along the reservoirs to HDPE PN 10, pipes. ULB Pasan roads; this consumers Diameter Length Material work will cover entire area (mm) (m) of the towns; in narrow 110 38800 HDPE PN 10 roads, where there is no 140 1994 HDPE PN 10 place, the pipeline will be 160 558 HDPE PN 10 laid within the tarmac; 180 349 HDPE PN 10 where the roads are very 200 536 HDPE PN 10 wide (15m or more), the 225 127 HDPE PN 10 pipelines will be laid on 250 180 HDPE PN 10 both sides of the road

Total 42,417 HDPE PN 10

Bulk Water Monitor water flow 17 nos. Fixed at strategic Meters in the improved locations at source, network OHTs, DMA inlets etc., bulk meters will be fixed with the pipe section Consumer Provide water to Domestic Connections - 2156 nos. Water delivery pipe connection consumers and (MPDE of dia 20 - 25 mm) with flow measure water Non-Domestic Connections - 50 will be connected to meters usage nos. distribution lines and meters will be attached to the delivery pipe at each house with a meter chamber

D. Description of the Important Individual Components

24. Existing Intake Well: There is an existing intake well on the bank of Kathan River having dia. 4 m and height 15 m near village Garkhuwan in the natural pool about 3.6 km away from Bada Malhera town. There are 3 ports of 300 mm diameter. Intake well have not been used since their construction in 2015. Intake well structure was built by the PHE department and due to lack of maintenance; it is in poor condition and need some repairing and rehabilitation work to meet their functional requirements. The existing intake well will be used after augmentation / rehabilitation. Augmentation / rehabilitation of the old intake well will include repair of civil structures like repair of intake well platform, inlet port, repair of pump floor (supply, erection (installation), testing and commissioning replacement of pumps and machineries), door and windows, installation of Gantry, electrical panels, lightening & other miscellaneous work, fans, colouring and safety features etc. The existing structure as presented in Figure 3 to Figure 4 would be used.

Figure 3: Existing Water Abstraction Structure for Bada Malhera Town (to be used after Rehabilitation

Figure 4: Photographs of Existing Intake well located on the bank of River Kathan near Garkhuwan village

25. Transmission System: Existing raw water pipeline have been laid underground from the intake to WTP site along an existing PWD and ULB road within ROW by PHE Department in 2015. After withdrawal of raw water from existing intake well, it will be conveyed to existing WTP through raw water rising main (Existing: 3600 m long having 200 mm dia. CI Tyton class ‘LA’ pipe). Proposed clear water transmission pipelines of about 3641 m length of dia 100 – 200 mm DI K-9 pipes will be mostly laid along the ULB and NH-86 within ROW. The project also proposes to use and retained as clear water transmission main of about 1152 m having 200 mm dia, CI Tyton class LA from WTP to 650 KL OHT and from 650 KL OHT to main Sagar- Chhatarpur highway junction. Proposed clear water transmission pipelines will be mostly laid along the ULB road and some part along NH-86 roads within ROW. Pipes will be laid underground. The pipes will not traverse any private land across the entire length of the proposed alignment. The existing 18447 m (18.50 km) long HDPE distribution pipe line having diameter ranging from 90 mm-160 mm was laid for distribution on both sides of NH-86. This pipe line was laid by National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) during construction of NH-86. These pipes are in good condition and have been considered in the proposed scheme. Apart from this, it is proposed to have a new 42417 m long distribution pipe line having diameter ranging from 110 mm - 250 mm of HDPE pipes as part of the present program.

26. Existing WTP (3.00 MLD): There is an existing WTP on Garkhuwan road within the limit of Nagar Parishad Bada Malhera about 3.6 km away from existing intake site. WTP have not been used since their construction in 2015. WTP structures were built by the PHE department and due to lack of maintenance; it is in poor condition and need some repairing and rehabilitation work to meet their functional requirements. The existing WTP will be used after augmentation / rehabilitation. Augmentation / rehabilitation of the existing WTP will include repair of sedimentation tank, raw water channel, alum mixing plant, repair of filter bed, scraping of top lay of filter sand and refilling, repair of clear water pump house (supply, erection (installation), testing and commissioning replacement of pumps and machineries), colouring & other miscellaneous works and safety features etc. The existing WTP structure as presented in Figure 5 to Figure 7 would be used. During the design and planning process, the existing WTP at Bada Malhera was thoroughly inspected and audited for the environmental concerns. In addition to assess the structural integrity and physical condition a separate study have been carried out in the DPR. The detail findings of the environmental audit are described in Chapter VI.

Figure 5: Existing WTP for Bada Malhera Town (to be used after Rehabilitation)

27. Treatment of Waste/ Backwash Water of WTP: In the existing system it is proposed to use sludge collection sumps for collecting sludge from clarifiers and under drain backwash water tanks for collecting sludge from filtration units. The backwash water will be recycled to the flash mixer and the process will be continuous. All the collected sludge from WTP will be stored in a sludge tank 20mX 10 m. The dewatered sludge from centrifuge will be disposed in the low- lying areas within the campus or provided for brick kilns etc.

Figure 6: Google Earth Map Showing Existing WTP Located on Garkhuwan road in Ward No. 12, Bada Malhera 17

Figure 7: Photographs of Existing WTP located on Garkhuwan road in Ward No. 12, Bada Malhera

28. Audit of Existing OHTs: There are 02 nos. of existing overheat tanks (OHTs) having capacities 160 KL and 650 KL respectively. 160 KL OHT is approximately 20 years old constructed by Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad located in ward no. 14. Existing OHT 650 KL located in ward no. 7, constructed by PHE Department in 2015, since their construction in 2015, it has not been used and due to lack of maintenance; these structures are in poor condition and need some repairing work to meet their functional requirements. These existing OHT will be used after repair and rehabilitation works. Repair and rehabilitation of the existing OHTs will include construction of plinth and repairing of valve chamber, repairing of lightening conductor, Water level indicator, valves and Coloring etc. (apply for both OHT). repairing of office building adjacent to the tank (only for 160 KL OHT) and repairing of boundary wall and gate (only for 650 KL OHT). The existing OHTs structure as presented in Figure 8 would be used. During the design and planning process, the existing OHTs at Bada Malhera was thoroughly inspected and assess the structural integrity and physical condition a separate study have been carried out in the DPR.

Figure 8: Photographs of Existing OHTs in Bada Malhera to be Utilized under MPUSIP

Existing 650 KL Existing 650 KL 20

Existing 160 KL Office building near existing 160 kl ESR

Existing 160 KL

29. Construction works. Civil works in the project include linear excavation for laying pipes along the roads, placing pipes in the trench and refilling with the excavated soil. The trenches will be of 0.4 m – 0.7 m wide and 0.8 to 1 m depth. Subsequent to completion of works, road reinstatement will be undertaken by the contractor as part of the civil works. The roads in the core city area of both the towns are very narrow and congested with pedestrians and vehicles, while the roads in outer areas are wide. Other civil works in the subproject include construction of water tanks at the identified sites. These works will be confined to sites, and construction will include general activities like excavation for foundation, construction of foundations, columns, walls and roof in cement concrete and masonry, and fixing of mechanical and electrical fixtures, etc. Weir and Pick-up Weir will involve construction within the water body. A temporary enclosed area (about 10 m dia) will be created using appropriate material and the water will be pumped out to make the area dry for construction. Once this is created, the rest of 21 the construction will follow the general construction procedures. Once the work is over, the temporary structure will be removed.

30. Project benefits. The subproject aims to achieve safe and sustainable water services both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery and conservation of precious water resources. The subproject will provide continuous, pressurized and safe drinking water services to entire population of the towns (100% coverage). Besides achieving progressively increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency, the subproject will improve the overall environmental quality of the town. It will reduce the reduced time and costs of households in accessing alternative sources of water, and will lead to better public health particularly reduction in waterborne and infectious diseases.

E. Implementation Schedule

31. After the approval of the detailed project report, bid has been prepared and tenders are invited. Price bid has been opened and is under evaluation, and the contract likely to be awarded in December 2020. Construction is likely to start in March 2021 and will take about 36 months.

Figure 9: Key Plan Showing Proposed & Existing Components from Source to OHTs – Bada Malhera Town WSS

Figure 10: Google Earth Map Showing Source to OHTs - Proposed & Existing Components, Raw and Clear Water Alignment of Bada Malhera Town WSS 24

Figure 11: Zone plan details

Figure 12: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 1)

Figure 13: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 2)

Figure 14: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 3) 28

Figure 15: Distribution Network Plan (Zone 4)

III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. ADB Policy

32. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB SPS, 2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all ADB investments. “MPUDC/PMU will adhere to necessary protocols in response to emerging infectious diseases such as the corona virus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) consistent with the guidelines of relevant government healthcare agencies and the World Health Organization. “

33. Screening and categorization. The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project; the sensitivity, scale, nature, and magnitude of its potential impacts; and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts, and are assigned to one of the following four categories:

(i) Category A. Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (ii) Category B. Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C. Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed. (iv) Category FI. Projects involve a credit line through a financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all projects will result in insignificant impacts.

34. Environmental management plan. An EMP, which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment, shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the project’s impact and risks.

35. Public disclosure. ADB will post the safeguard documents on its website as well as disclose relevant information in accessible manner in local communities:

(i) for environmental category A projects, draft EIA report at least 120 days before Board consideration; (ii) final or updated EIA and/or IEE upon receipt; and (iii) environmental monitoring reports submitted by the implementing agency during project implementation upon receipt.

B. National Environmental Laws

36. Environmental assessment. The GoI EIA Notification of 2006 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994), sets out the requirement for Environmental Assessment in India. This states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for specified activities/projects, and EC must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) 30 may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B1 or B2 depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts. None of the components of this water supply subproject falls under the ambit of the EIA Notification 2006, and, therefore no category assigned, and thus no EIA study and EC required for the subproject.

37. Applicable environmental regulations. Besides EIA Notification 2006, there are various other acts, rules, policies and regulations currently in force in India that deal with environmental issues that could apply to infrastructure development. The specific regulatory compliance requirements of the subproject are shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Applicable Environmental Regulations Law Description Requirement

The EIA This states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is Not applicable. notification, required for specified activities/projects, and this 2006 (and its must be obtained before any construction work or The sub-project is not included in subsequent land preparation (except land acquisition) may schedule of environmental impact amendments in commence. Projects are categorized as A or B assessment notification 2006 and 2009) provides depending on the scale of the project and the its subsequent amendments till for nature of its impacts. Categories A projects date, so it is not categories as categorization of require Environmental Clearance from the either Category A or Category B. projects into National Ministry of Environment and Forests As a result, environmental category A and (MoEF). Category B projects require clearance is not required, either B, based on environmental clearance from the State from the state or the central extent of impact Environment Impact Assessment Authority Government. (SEIAA). None of the project components Sand borrow soil and aggregate used for road of the water supply system comes construction has been classified as a minor under the provisions of the act mineral and the quarry/borrow area require prior and would require environmental environmental clearance clearance

However, the quarry or borrow area from which the sand, soil and aggregates are procured need to have a valid Environmental Clearance by the District Environmental Appraisal Committee/ State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority. Further as a contractual obligation the Contractor is required to submit the Environmental Clearance certificate, latest copy of the latest Compliance Report submitted to the Madhya Pradesh State Pollution Control Board and all other necessary permits to the PIU before the procurement of 31

Law Description Requirement

the material.

Madhya Prepared in accordance with the National Water Permission of WRD, GoMP: Pradesh State Policy, it states that “for environmental balance, Water Policy, skillful and planned management of all types of • Water abstraction from 2003 developmental activities, economic use on Kathan River & construction of Weirs across Kathan River equitable basis and in view of the prime for Bada Malhera WSS. importance of water for all human and other living beings, an effective and sound water policy is Permission of water resources necessary”. department (WRD) is a prerequisite for this project. Policy is detailed in 17 sections dealing with Application already submitted to different aspects of water resources. No. 7 deals WRD and it is under process by with Water Allocation Priorities, and according to WRD (Refer Appendix 11)

which drinking water supply shall have the highest priority followed by irrigation, power, tourism, etc.

Water Resource Department is nodal department for permitting different uses of water resources. Policy also states that “clear provision for reservation of drinking water shall be made in irrigation projects”

Water Act was enacted to provide for the prevention and WTP require CTE (prior to start of (Prevention and control of water pollution and the maintaining or construction) and CFO (prior to Control of restoring of wholesomeness of water, by Central start of operation) from MPPCB. Pollution) Act of and State Pollution Control Boards and for 1974, Rules of conferring and assigning to CPCB/SPCBs powers No consent from MPPCB obtained for the existing 3.00 1975, and &functions relating to water pollution control. MLD WTP. PIU/ULB to liaison amendments with MPPCB and obtain valid Control of water pollution is achieved through consent. administering conditions imposed in consent issued under to this Act. These conditions Application has to be submitted

regulate the quantity and quantity of effluent, the online at location of discharge and the frequency of http://www.mppcb.nic.in/xgn.html monitoring of effluents. Any component of the subproject having the potential to generate The application for CFO has to be sewage or trade effluent will come under its applied by PMU after the purview. Such projects have to obtain Consent to completion of repair and Establish (CTE) & Consent to Operate (CTO) rehabilitation works of existing under Section 25 from Madhya Pradesh Pollution WTP by the DBO Contractor on Control Board (MPPCB) behalf of the Nagar Parishad Bada Malhera, prior to start of operation,

Environment Emissions and discharges from the facilities to be Appendix 2: Emission and (Protection) Act, created or refurbished or augmented shall comply Discharge Standards Applicable 32

Law Description Requirement

1986 and CPCB with the notified standards to The Project.: provides Environmental applicable discharge standards Standards. The Environment (Protection) Act is an umbrella for ambient air quality, legislation seeking to supplement the existing laws on the control of pollution (the Water Act and Appendix 3: provides vehicular the Air Act) by enacting a general legislation for emission norms environment protection and to fill the gaps in regulation of major environmental Contractor are required to ensure hazards. all emissions and discharges during civil works conform to all The act empowers central government to make applicable standards rules to regulate environmental pollution, such as- A comparison of the The standards of quality of air, water, soil for environmental standards to the various areas etc. IFC environmental standards are provided in Appendix: 5: Prohibits carrying out of any industry, operation or Comparison between Indian process which discharges or emits environmental Environmental Standards to IFC pollution more than the standards Standards

Regulates handling of hazardous substances. The law and rule also states, the persons responsible for discharges, bound to prevent or mitigate environmental pollution and intimate the any accidents due to any occurrences.

Noise Pollution Rule 3 of the Act specifies ambient air quality Appendix 4: provides applicable (Regulation and standards in respect of noise for different noise standards. Control) Rules, areas/zones. 2000 amended Contractor are required to ensure up to 2010. all noise-producing activities during civil works conform to applicable standards

All equipment procured under the Act should also conform to the standards.

Municipal Solid Rules to manage municipal solid waste Solid waste generated at Wastes generated; provides rules for segregation, proposed facilities shall be Management storage, collection, processing and disposal. managed and disposed in Rules, 2016 accordance with the MSWM Requires source segregation of degradable, non- Rules degradable wastes their treatment and disposal The municipal solid waste generated from the labour camps would have to comply with the provisions of segregation of waste and its treatment & 33

Law Description Requirement

disposal

Construction & Rules to manage construction & to waste Construction & demolition waste Demolition resulting from construction, remodeling, repair generated from the project Waste and demolition of any civil structure. Rules define construction shall be managed Management C&D waste as waste comprising of building and disposed as per the rules Rules, 2016 materials, debris resulting from construction, re- (Appendix 6) modeling, repair and demolition of any civil structure. Subprojects would generate construction waste during the dismantling of the pavement for laying of pipeline. These construction debris should be used for backfilling as much as possible and the wastes must be segregated, stored and disposed of separately as per the provision of these rules. A Waste Management Plan would also be developed for the project.

Hazardous and According to the Rules, hazardous wastes are The hazardous waste generated Other Wastes wastes having constituents specified in Schedule from the construction e.g. waste (Management II of the Rules if their concentration is equal to or oils, lubricants, and bitumen and more than the limit indicated in the said schedule. would have to comply with the Transboundary provisions of the rules with Movement) regards to storage and disposal. Rules, 2016 The rules also make it mandatory for maintaining records and reporting the same to the MPPCB.

The Contractor Would have to obtain an authorization as a generator of hazardous waste from the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control boards. All the waste oil, lubricants would have to be disposed as per the provisions of the act.

Any discarded asbestos pipes or extracted asbestos cement pipes would be considered as a Hazardous waste as per the rules and have to be disposed off as indicated in the rules. 34

Law Description Requirement

Manufacture, Defines hazardous chemicals and stipulates For storage of Chlorine Storage, and rules, procedures to manufacture, storage and permission, authorization is Import of import of hazardous chemicals requires required from the Madhya Hazardous permission, authorization from the State Pollution Pradesh State Pollution Control Chemical Rules, Control Boards for certain chemicals which have Board before the operation of the 1989 hazardous property or if the total storage WTP. An on-site Emergency exceeds specified quantity; requires emergency Management Plan has to be management plan. prepared for any incidence related to Chlorine gas.

Regulation of The use of polychlorinated biphenyls or any The technical specification would Polychlorinated equipment containing PCB would be prohibited clearly state that the transformer Biphenyls Order, entirely from 31st December 2025. oil should be free of PCBs or else 2016 the Contractor / PMU should provide a road map for ensuring the phasing out of all PCB’s by 2025.

Ancient The Act designates areas within 100 meters (m) There are no protected or notable Monuments and of the “protected monument/area” as “prohibited historical, cultural or tourism Archaeological area” and beyond that up to 200 m as “regulated places nor there are any Sites and area” respectively. No “construction” is permitted historically, archeologically Remains Act, in the “prohibited area” and any construction protected areas within the town or 1958 and activity in the “regulated area” requires prior in the project area. Ancient permission of the National Monuments Authority Monuments and (NMA). None of the project components Archaeological comes under ASI. Sites and Any construction carried out Remains without the permission under the (Amendment Ancient Monuments and and Validation) Archaeological Sites and Act, 2010 Remains Act, 1958 will be considered as an “unauthorized ‘ Construction and would be liable be removed.

Forest Act, 1927 Acts empower the government to declare forest None of the project components and Forest area (reserve, protected and village forest area) comes under forest area. (Conservation) and regulation of activities within the forests. Use Act, 1980, of forest land for any non- forest purpose and amended 1988 forest land conservation will follow the guidelines for “Diversion of forest lands for non-forest purpose” under Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 Notification of Central government notifies eco sensitive zones Applicable to projects located Eco Sensitive Thereby to conserve and protect the natural within core or buffer zone of Zones and resources and living beings a notification under Protected Areas (Wildlife 35

Law Description Requirement

Indian Wildlife the Environmental Protection A. Sanctuaries, National parks, (protection) Act, biosphere reserves etc.) 1972 amended Provides for the comprehensive protection of 1993 and Rules Wild animals, birds and plants .This would cover There are no protected areas, like 1995 Wildlife matters concerning Appointment of forest wildlife sanctuaries, national (Protection) authorities, hunting of wild animals, protection of parks in the vicinity or in the Amendment Act, specified plants, conservation of national parks project areas. 2002 and sanctuaries, trade commerce in relation to plants and animals and prevention of any None of the project located within offences. core or buffer zone of Protected Areas (Wildlife Sanctuaries, National parks, biosphere reserves etc.)

The M.P. Transit As per the provisions of these rule for felling of Thus in this project for the (Forest tree in non-forest rural areas transit pass is to be pipeline alignment or any other Produce) Rules, issued by Forest Officer on recommendations of infrastructure passing through 2000 Panchayat Level Committee. In respect of rural areas and requiring tree Babool, Siris, Neem, Ber, Palas, Jamun, felling would require permission Reunjha, Bamboo (except in the districts of under this Act. Khandwa, Betul, Hoshangabad, Harda, Chhindwara, Seoni, Balaghat, Jabalpur, Katni, No felling would be allowed in the Mandla, Dindori, Shahdol). Transit pass for the project within the permission species other than those mentioned above under this act.

The M.P. As per the provisions of this act for felling of trees All trees within the jurisdiction of Vrikshon Ka in urban areas an application has to be made to the area of the ULB would require Parirakshan the concerned Tree Officer in the ULB for permission from the ULB under (Nagariya permission providing details. the rule. Kshetra) Adhiniyam, 2001 The Tree Officer shall provide for permission for No felling would be allowed in the the felling of trees after adequate scrutiny project within the permission under this act.

The National NGT provides an effective and expeditious Stakeholders / affected persons Green Tribunal disposal of cases relating to environmental may approach NGT to resolve (NGT) Act, 2010 protection and conservation of forests and other project induced environmental natural resources including enforcement of any issues legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matters connected therewith. NGT has jurisdiction over matters related to Water Act, 1974; Water Cess Act, 1977; Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; Air Act, 1981; Environment (Protection) Act, 1986; Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991; and Biodiversity Act, 2002. Consequently, no other court will have jurisdiction over the matters related to 36

Law Description Requirement

environment falling under the above referred Acts. Being a dedicated tribunal for environmental matters with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes.

Labor Laws The contractor shall not make employment Appendix 7, provides applicable decisions based upon personal characteristics labor laws including amendments unrelated to job requirements. The contractor issued from time to time shall base the employment relationship upon applicable to establishments equal opportunity and fair treatment, and shall not engaged in construction of civil discriminate with respect to aspects of the works. employment relationship, including recruitment and hiring, compensation (including wages and benefits), working conditions and terms of employment or retirement, and discipline. The contractor shall provide equal wages and benefits to men and women for work of equal value or type.

Indian Drinking Gives details of the permissible and desirable Appendix 8- provides drinking Water limits of various parameters in drinking water as water standards Standards per the Bureau of Indian Standards

38. ADB SPS Requirements. During the design, construction, and operation of the project the PMU and PIUs are required to apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (IFC’s General EHS Guidelines1 and Sector Specific (Water and Sanitation) Guidelines2). These standards contain performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable and applicable to projects. When Government of India regulations differ from these levels and measures, the PMU and PIUs will achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the PMU and PIUs will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS. International acceptable air and noise quality guidelines are provided below:

1https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 2 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES

Table 5: WHO Ambient Air& Noise Quality Guidelines

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA)

A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study

39. Data collection and stakeholder consultations: Data for this study has been primarily collected through comprehensive literature survey, discussion with stakeholder agencies, and field visits to the proposed subproject sites.

40. The literature survey broadly covered the following:

(i) Project details, reports, maps, and other documents prepared by DPR consultant (ii) Discussions with Technical experts, municipal authorities’ relevant government agencies like WRD, ULB etc. (iii) Secondary data from previous project reports and published articles, and (iv) Literature on land use, soil, geology, hydrology, climate, socioeconomic profiles, and other planning documents collected from Government agencies and websites.

41. Ocular inspection: Several visits to the project sites were made during IEE preparation period in 2019 to assess the existing environment (physical, biological, and socioeconomic) and gather information with regard to the proposed sites and scale of the proposed project. A separate socioeconomic study was conducted to determine the demographic information, existing service levels, stakeholder needs and priorities.

B. Physical Environment

1. Location, Area & Connectivity

42. Bada Malhera is a town and a Nagar Parishad in Chhattarpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It belongs to the Sagar division. It is located 54 KM towards Southwest from District headquarters Chhatarpur. It is situated at 24º 40' N and 79º 18' E and is 325 m above sea level. Bada Malhera is situated on NH - 86 connecting Sagar to Kanpur. National Highway (NH-86) passes through the town. The distance form Chhattarpur is about 54 Km. Tikamgarh is 60 km and Indore is 300 km and state capital Bhopal is 281 km form Bada Malhera. Bada Malehara is bounded by Bijawar Tehsil towards East, Baldeogarh Tehsil towards North, Buxwaha and Shahgarh Tehsils towards South. Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh, Nowgaon and Damoh are the nearby Cities to Bada Malhera.

43. Bada Malhera town is established as Nagar Parishad in 1983. Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad (BNP) area comprises of 15 wards having the territorial jurisdiction of the Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad spans an area of 20.87 Sq.km. The study area covers only within the Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad limits.

44. Bada Malhera is situated on NH - 86 connecting Sagar to Kanpur. National Highway (NH-86) passes through the town. Bada Malhera is linked to other areas by road network only. The nearest railway station is Chhatarpur railway station, which is nearly 54 km from the town and accessible via road network. Other nearest railway station is Teekamgarh (65km), Khajuraho (95km), Harpalpur (105km), Mauranipur (105km), Sagar (110km), Jhansi (175km) and Satna (190km) and is located on main Allahabad – Itarsi sector of Western Central Railways connect the main Jhansi - Bhopal sector from Bina. The nearest airport is also at Khajuraho, which has daily flights to and from the National Capital.

2. Topography, Soils and Geology

45. The topography of the town is flat. The slope is towards South-western direction and the drainage from local Nalas reach Harijan Nala. The storm water and domestic waste water of the town is primarily channelized through a local drains known as Harijan nala which passes through the town in the north-west direction and ultimately discharges into the Kathan River (a tributary of Dhasan River) and finally discharges into the Dhasan River, a tributary of river Ganga.

46. The soils in Bada Malhera is mixed red and deep black soil. It supports the agriculture and some parts of hinterland are very fertile. The plateau area is either bare or stony on steep slopes or is covered with reddish soil or black cotton soil. The alkaline soil is grey, sticky on wetting and hard on drying acquiring a cloddy structure. Growth of crops or flora is difficult at places where undulating Kankar layer often comes up on the surface in any soil region. Due to alternate leaching and capillary rise of moisture the subordinate layer of calcium carbonate is also undesirable.

47. Physiographically the district has been divided broadly in to three main geomorphic units. The Panna range, the central plateau & northern plains range which traverses district in a south west north east direction. This range separates the upper Bundelkhand from lower bundelkhand plateau. Overlying the archeans is if formed by Bijawar and vindhyan beds which are highly folded and are also dissected by the superimposed drainage system.

3. Seismology

48. As per the seismic zoning map of India, project area falls under Zone II, which is the lowest earthquake risk zone in India. This zone is termed as “low damage risk zone”.

4. Climatic Conditions

49. Bada Malhera town can be classified into four seasons. Winter, Summer, Monsoon and post Monsoon or Transition period. Winter lasts from November till February, summer from March to Mid-June, Rains or southwest monsoon season from Mid-June to September, with the Maximum number of rainy days experienced during the months of July and August. October is generally transition month form monsoon to winter.

50. Temperature: The temperature starts rising from the middle of February and reaches maximum during the month of May. The daily maximum temperature during the month of May is around 42.7°C, while annual daily maximum normal temperature is around 32.6° C the day temperature on individual days during the summer season goes up to around 45°C. On the arrival of monsoon at the end of June there is a dip in temperature and weather becomes pleasant. After withdrawal of monsoon early in October, there is slight increase in day temperature. After October or from middle of November both the day and night temperature starts falling and lowest temperature recorded in the month of January. The minimum mean normal daily temperature is about 7.5"°C and the annual daily mean normal temperature is about 18.6') °C. Sometimes, the minimum temperature drops down to even as low as 1 & 2° C.

51. Relative Humidity: The summer season with the driest period of the year. Hence humidity is also very low during the summer season. The minimum humidity recorded during the month of April/May about 33%. May is the driest month of the year. On the arrival of Southwest monsoon, the humidity increases and highest recorded during the month of August i.e., 85%. and the rest of the year is drier. The humidity again decreases withdrawal of monsoon and due to high temperature.

52. Wind Velocity: The wind velocity is high during the pre-monsoon period as compared to post monsoon. The highest wind velocity is recorded during the month of June and minimum 1- 8 km/hr during the month of November. The mean monthly normal wind velocity during the month of June is around 8.2. The annual average normal wind velocity is around 4.1 to 4.5 Km/hr.

53. Rainfall: The normal annual rainfall of Bada Malhera town in Chhatrpur district is 1068.3 mm. Bada Malhera town receives maximum rainfall during the southwest monsoon period. The Southwest monsoon arrives at the end of June and last till end of September. About 91% of the annual rainfall received during monsoon season i.e between June to September. Only about 2% of the annual rainfall takes place during winter season from October to February and only about 7% of the annual rainfall takes place during the summer season i.e., between March to May. Hence only about 9% of the annual rainfall takes place from October to May. Thus, the surplus water is available only during the southwest monsoon. July is the wettest month of the year.

5. Surface Water

54. There are primarily two water bodies existing in the Nagar Parishad area is Harijan Nallah and Bada Malhera Talab is connected through natural drain system for carrying the storm water discharge. The water bodies mainly Bada Malhera Talab can be utilized not just as 40 environmental assets but also for recreation and improving the overall ambience of the Nagar Parishad. The present condition of the Bada Malhera Talab inhibits such a benefit which needs to be addressed. The flow of domestic sewerage into the open drain which leads this sewerage into the nearby water bodies is resulting in pollution of water in the Surface water bodies existing in the Nagar Parishad. This untreated sewerage is finding its way in to major water bodies and other natural streams creating a hygienic condition and detoriating the environment. Other major streams passing /covering the area which are Harijan Nala. The storm water and domestic waste water of the town is primarily channelized through Harijan Nallah which passes through the town and ultimately discharges into the Kathan River (a tributary of Dhasan River) and finally discharges into the Dhasan River, a tributary of river Ganga at the downstream of the river. Kathan River is non-perennial River. It flows in the Western side of the town. It has sufficient flow up to month of October and mid of November. Since flow finishes after the rains.

6. Groundwater

55. Chhatarpur district is characterized by variety of geological formations representing vast period of geological time. The predominant geological formations are Recent Alluvium, Deccan Traps, Vindhyans, Bijawar & Bundelkhand Granite etc. Major water bearing formation are Recent Alluvium, Deccan Traps, Vindhyans, Bijawar & Bundelkhand Granite etc.

56. Bada Malhera comes under Bhundelkhand region. This region is covered by Bhundelkhand granite in northern part with thin soil cover. This region is very hard and compact with well-developed joints. These joints were open at the surface and persist to about 20m below the surface. Ground water in this region also occurs in weathered mantle in joints and fracture under water table condition and can sustain well having up to 2lps discharge. Ground water in the alluvium also occurs under water table conditions.

57. Ground water level in this region ranges from 2.1 to 23.63 mbbgl during pre-monsoon in the year 2015. Shallow water level in the district is less than 3m in north eastern and south eastern part of the district. Whereas in the post monsoon period the water level ranges from 0.89 mbgl to 12.8 mbgl with a shallow water level of less than 5m occurs in northern central & southern parts. est and pas. The deepest water level is 12.8 mbgl, observed in the north-west part. The long-term water level trend (1997-2015) shows declining trend ranges from 0.0015 to 0.64 m/year (Annual) water level fall is noticed in all block.

58. As per CGWB report Chhatarpur district- Dynamic ground water resources of the district have been estimated for base year -2008/09 on block-wise basis. There are eight number of assessment units (block) in the district which fall under non-command (96%) and command (3%) sub units. All blocks of the district in command area are categorized as safe blocks. Bijawar Gaurihar and Loundi blocks in non-command sub units are safe. Bada Malhera, Buxwaha, Chhatarpur, Nowgaon and Rajnagar are under semi critical and highest stage of ground water development is computed as 93 % for Chhatarpur Block. Bada Malhera town comes under Bada Malhera block is under semi critical zone. Ground water development for Bada Malhera block is computed as 75%. The net ground water availability in the Bada Malhera block is 8,382 ham and ground water draft for all uses is 5,118 ham, making stage of ground water development 61% as a whole for Bada Malhera block. After making allocation of 481 ham for future domestic and industrial supply for next 25 years, balance available ground water for future irrigation would be 3,131 ham.

59. Ground Water Quality: The quality of ground water for drinking purpose were analyzed for detailed chemical analysis. The pH value of water samples shows slight alkaline in nature 41 and within permissible limit (6.5 to 8.5) as described by BIS (1991). The salinity of the water is represented by the electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity depends upon the concentration of dissolved inorganic salts in the water. The EC values in district were within BIS limit (1000 μS/cm2) and found to be in the ranges between 375 - 2160 μS/cm2 at 25°CThe concentration of NO3 The nitrate concentration in the district ranges 2 to 288 mg/l. The fluoride concentration in the district ranges between 0.14 to 1.78 mg/l. There is no problem of excess fluoride in the shallow ground water of the district. Source: Chhatarpur District Groundwater Information Booklet, CGWB - 2013 & Aquifer Mapping Report, Chhatarpur District 2018

7. Air Quality

60. There is no data on ambient air quality in Bada Malhera towns, which is not subject to monitoring by the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB) as there are no major industries. Located in the semiarid drought prone Bundelkhand region, particulate matter is likely to be high, particularly during summer months. As the National Highway NH-86) passes through the town there are number of trucks, Buses and other Modes of Transport pass through the town. Traffic is the only significant pollutant, so levels of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are likely to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

61. No field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted however, the environmental monitoring program developed as part of the environmental management plan (EMP) will require the contractors to establish the baseline environmental conditions prior to commencement of civil works. The results will be reported as part of the environmental monitoring report and will be the basis to ensure no degradation will happen during subproject implementation.

C. Ecological Resources

62. Project area mostly comprises urban areas, agricultural areas and open areas of Bada Malhera, which are converted to human use many years back. There is no forest area within the limit of project area. None of the project components are located in the forest areas. Bada Malhera is dominated by open, dry barren and agricultural areas. The tree density is very less in the study area. As per studies in Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad area, the observed Flora are Neem (Azadirachta indica), Mango (Mangifera indica), Saja(Terminalia elliptica), Siris (Albizia lebbeck), Dhao (Dracontomelon dao), Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) etc. The roadside vegetation is mostly thorny and dominated by different species of Prosopis and Zyzypus. Other tree species observed in the study area are Butea monosperma, Bombax ceiba mangifera indica Eucalyptus spp, Delonix regia, Ipomeas pp., Zyzypus zuzuba, Bamboo spp, Acacia catechu Acacia nilotica, prosopis juliflora, Calotropis procera, lantana camera, Azadirachta indica, Ficus benghalensis, Agave americana etc. The observed Fauna in the region is the Mammal species commonly observed are including Bat, Mongoose, Rabbit Jackal, fox, Squirrel, etc. Grazing activity mostly performed by domestic animals like cow, buffaloes, goat etc. Aquatic life in the project areas is not notable, given low rainfall semi-arid zone. Common and local species of fishes and aquatic plants are found in water bodies like Bada Malhera Talab and Kathan River in and around Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad area.

63. There is no forest land involved in the laying of clear water rising main, as there is no forest areas across the entire length of proposed clear water rising main alignment. The shoulder of the road would be used; No tree felling is involved as per the preliminary survey. No trees cutting will be required during laying of CWRM. 42

D. Economic Development

1. Land use

64. The total land area in Bada Malhera is 20.87 Sq.km. The area under agricultural use is 6.12 Sq.km, which is around 47.37% of the total area, rest of the area is around 6.80 Sq.km (52.63% of the total area) is existing under the total development area. The details of the existing land use is shown in the table 6, below.

Table 6: Existing Land Use Details S. No. Land use Category Existing Land use (in Percentage) 1 Residential 42.12 2 Commercial 2.10 3 Public - semi public 6.50 4 Industrial 6.90 5 Roads 9.51 6 Green area/Open 28.37 7 Water bodies 4.50 Total 100.00

2. Industry & Agriculture

65. The economy of the town is mostly and mainly dependent / based on farming and agricultural products, trade & Commerce and administrative activities. Some of the locals are well-known grain merchants. As per the primary and secondary survey, primary sector is playing main role in the economy of the town. The economy of the town is based on the primary sector. Hence, it may be stated that Bada Malhera’s economy has an agricultural based economy. The main crop of the town and surrounding areas are sorghum, wheat, rice, millets, soybeans, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, sugar cane and medicinal crops. Bada Malhera has only some small household industries. Around 7% of working population is involved in household industrial activities.

66. Trade and Commerce: The village which has been very recently upgraded to town is predominantly agricultural in nature. The Nagar Parishad caters to the trading and other activities of the surrounding smaller villages. Weekly market is also held in the town.

67. Mandi: The city has class `C' mandi. The town provides a platform for wholesale of agricultural products. This is a very important activity for the economic growth of the town. Since there are no other major towns near Bada Malhera, the agricultural produce of the remote areas are brought into Bada Malhera for sale. Agricultural produce by small businessmen are also brought here for sale. At present the mandi and other government committees have undertaken the maintenance responsibility for the entire agricultural produce.

68. Tourism: The ancient Devangri Jain mandir is located in Bada Malhera. People of Jain Community from across the country & world visit this Temple. Every year a Jain mela is held at this place which attracts big crowd. Along with these there is the Hanuman Bagh holds a beautiful park with Hanuman Mandir.

69. Work Force participation: As per 2011 census, the total working population of main workers is 5929 which is 32.45% of the total population. The population percentage of main workers in Agriculture activities is 35.8 (which include Cultivators-22% & Agriculture Labour 14%), manufacturing activities is 7% and other services are 57%.

3. Infrastructure

70. Sewerage. There is no sewerage collection and treatment system in the towns. Households mainly depend on individual sanitation systems like pit latrines, septic tanks etc. Open defecation is also prevalent in the project area. Septage from septic tanks is collected by mobile tankers with suction arrangement. Disposal of the untreated sewerage in to Harijan Nala which is ultimately discharges in to Kathan River. This location is on the downstream of the proposed intake and weir. Sewerage and sanitation systems needs to be improved in the town to meet the increased wastewater generation due to improvement in water supply.

71. Solid Waste Management. There is no proper solid waste management system in the town. Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad is responsible for collection, transportation and disposal of Solid Waste of their areas. Waste generated in the towns are collected and disposed by crude open dumping method in the outskirts of the town. There is no engineered landfill site in Bada Malhera.

72. Storm Water Drainage. Open drainage system is provided in town for collection and conveyance of rain water from the town. Due to lack of sewerage system, the drains are presently carrying wastewater including sewage. Since rains are confined only to a short duration in monsoon, the drains mostly carry wastewater. Low discharge carrying capacity of the drains, encroachments and indiscriminate disposal of solid waste into drains is common, due to which drains are often chocked, creating unhygienic conditions.

73. Power Supply: The main source of electricity in DBada Malhera town is MPSEB which covers 65-70 percent of the Nagar Parishad area and it serves almost 100 percent of the population. The connection of electricity is good in terms of service reach. The town is provided 14 hours of supply per day. During summer season time of power cut off increases due to load shedding.

74. Transport. The old town areas of Badal Malhera are characterized by very narrow roads that are frequently congested with traffic and pedestrians. In contrast the remainder of the town has a relatively good road system, particularly in the outer areas, where streets are wide and not heavily used by traffic. Roads are surface either with bitumen or concrete, and roads in the outer areas are mostly unpaved. Most of the roads are maintained by Nagar Parishad Bada Malhera except the main roads connecting other towns and villages, which are maintained by the Public Works Department (PWD) and NHAI. The condition of the road is generally poor, with many roads in need of repairs and resurfacing. Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad is currently improving some of the important roads in the town.

75. The average width of road in Nagar Parishad area varies from 3.1 m to 14 m. The total length of Road Network in Bada Malhera including B.T. Roads, Cement Concrete Roads, W.B.M. Road & Earthen Roads is around 63 Km. Most of inner roads at present are narrow and some of them are paved with flagstone i.e., they are pedestrian in nature.

E. Socio Cultural Resources

1. Demography

76. According to the census, the population of Bada Malhera was 18335 in 2011, increased from 15,044 in 2001, which shows an increase of 21.88% over the decade. The previous decade of 1991-2001 experienced a very high growth of 34.98%, which is mainly due to inclusion of surrounding villages in the municipal limits. Overall literacy is 68.8% (which is lesser than the state average of 69.3%. The literacy figures are reported at 78.9% for males and 57.5% for females. The sex ratio is 914 females per 1000 males, less than the state average of 918. With an area of 20.87 sq. km under the municipal limits, gross population density is very low (879 persons/Sq.km), but this varies across the area, as most of this area is undeveloped, and in the core area of the town, population is dense. About 4.53% of the population are scheduled tribes (ST), but these are part of the mainstream population, and about 18.71% belong to scheduled castes (SC). Main language spoken the project areas is Hindi.

2. History, Culture and Tourism

77. Religious Importance and Tourism: The town was previously under the then Vindhya Pradesh. However, it became a part of Madhya Pradesh after its formation. There are no notable historical, archeological or tourism places in Bada Malhera. The ancient Devangri Jain mandir is located in Bada Malhera. People of Jain Community from across the country & world visit this Temple. Every year a Jain mela is held at this place which attracts big crowd. Along with these there is the Hanuman Bagh holds a beautiful park with Hanuman Mandir. Khajuraho, Panna, Ajaigarh, Deogarh & Orchha are the nearby Important tourist destinations. There are no protected monuments or places of archeological or historical importance in the project area.

F. Subproject Site Environmental Features

78. Site visits were carried out to the subproject component sites to identify the environmental sensitivities at the site. The environmental features at the selected subproject sites and site photographs for Bada Malhera town WSS are presented in the following Table 7. Site environmental features of Bada Malhera town w.r.t. water supply components are shown in the Google Earth Map in the Figure 6, Figure 10 and Figure 16 to Figure 19 respectively. Also Refer Appendix 19 - For GPS Coordinates of Proposed/Existing WSS Components Sites of Subproject Town – Bada Malhera under Package 6K respectively. 45

Table 7: Site Environmental Features of Proposed WSS Components of Bada Malhera Town S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

1.0 Proposed Weir A Weir and a Pick-up Weir has been proposed to (Latitude – construct across Kathan River under the control of 24°35'30.12"N Water Resources Department, GoMP near Longitude - Garkhuwan village about 3.6 km away on north-west 79°16'26.15"E) & Pick-up Weir of Bada Malhera town to store water in the river (Latitude – required for non-rainy season (8 months of the year) 24°36'16.52"N so that ultimate demand of the town can be fulfilled. Longitude - The existing water supply scheme based on Kathan 79°16'16.43"E) river has become inadequate to meet the present water demand of the town because there is no storage structure for non-rainy season. Therefore, Existing Intake additional storage is needed. Well (Latitude – 24°35'51.86"N Longitude - As there is a low level bridge approximately 300 u/s 79°16'26.41"E) of existing intake well site. Hence a weir is proposed about 135m u/s of the low bridge to avoid the submergence of it. Refer Figure 16, below.

There is an existing intake well in between proposed weir, low level bridge and pick-up weir on the bank of Kathan River having dia. 4 m and height 15 m near village Garkhuwan in the natural pool. Site Photographs of Proposed Pick-up Weir Proposed weir will be constructed on upstream of existing intake well (about 0.44 km away) & from Low bridge (about 0.135 km away). Proposed pick-up weir will be constructed in the downstream of the proposed weir (about 1.47 km away) and from existing intake well (about 0.8 km away). Water will be released from weir and Pick-up weir will hold the water in the pool and then raw water will be abstracted from pick-up weir across Kathan River 46

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

through existing intake and supply to WTP.

Kathan River originates from the hill near Tatarwara village, Shagarh Tehsil in Sagar district (Madhya Pradesh). It is tributary of Dhasan River. Prior merging with River Dhasan, the river navigates all through the area of Bundelkand. The river goes through the districts of Sagar, and Chhattarpur district in Madhya Pradesh. Kathan River flows towards North-East from South-West and passing throw Tatarwara, Luharra, Bilagram, Bagrohi, Karrai, Rampur, Rajpur Kalan, Patan, Barma, Garkhuwan, Kayan, Sijwaha, Silaro, Bamni, Morra village and enters into the Dhasan River at Devran village in Chhattarpur district (M.P.) as shown in Figure 20, below. The Dhasan River is a right bank tributary of the Betwa River. Kathan River has total length of around 91 km from origin to the meeting point of River Dhasan. Kathan River is non-perennial. Kathan River has not sufficient flow throughout the year. It has sufficient flow upto the month of October and mid of November. But Kathan River has sufficient width and bank to store the water required for the

drinking needs. Kathan River having significant flow variations over the seasons. Kathan River flow is Site Photographs of Existing Intake Well very high during monsoon period in the months of July to August and maintains high flow in the months of September to mid of November. By the mid of November flow reduces, and for the two months, flow is medium to low from mid of November to December. In January, river carries low to very flow, and River complete run dry during the months of March to June months, and up to the arrival of monsoon in late June as mentioned in Table 9. The 6m height of weir and 2m height of pick-up weir are proposed to meet the water storage requirement, and also to limit the water storage / submergence within river course. Considering the height of river 47

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

banks which is about 8-10 m high from the bed of the River (Refer Figure 28 - Site Photographs of Kathan River), the proposed weir (6m height) and Pickup-up weir (2m height) is much below the river banks i.e. (proposed weir is about 2-4 m and pick-up weir is about 6-8 m below the river banks). River Kathan bed level is (289m) and HFL is 297.25m. As mentioned above, the height of weir in both the cases is less than the height of the river banks and HFL, and therefore the water storage is confined to river course / flood plain, and there is no submergence of lands outside the river. No negative impacts or acquisition of government of private or government lands anticipated. Therefore, there are no impacts due to submergence.

The proposed weir and pick-up weir is located approximately 78.27 km & 79.74 km respectively from the river origin point and about 12.65 km and 11.18 km away from final destination point of Kathan River (meeting point of Kathan River into Dhasan River). Existing intake is located approximately 0.67 km downstream of proposed weir and 0.8 km upstream of proposed pick-up weir. Except this there is no other water intake either on upstream or downstream of River Kathan from proposed weir/pickup weir site. There are 18 no’s existing weirs/check dams on u/s side w.r.t. proposed weir/pick-up weir & 01 no. weir/ check dam on d/s with respect to proposed weir/pick-up weir exist in the Kathan river from origin to destination. Nearest dam (U18) on the upstream is at 31.95 km from proposed weir and about 33.42 from proposed pick- up weir and nearest dam (D1) on downstream is at about 2.15 km from proposed weir and 0.68 km from 48

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

proposed pick-up weir. These existing weirs/ check dams have been constructed by different departments of Government of Madhya Pradesh under various schemes. Information on these structures is not readily available. Most of these existing weirs/dams are very small in size and their capacity is less than 0.5 MCM except Bila dam (56.7 MCM). Bila dam is located at about 56.89 and 58.36 km upstream of the proposed weir and pick-up wer. Details of existing weirs/dams are given in the Table 8. Apart from this, there are 51 natural Site Photographs of Proposed Weir rivulets/streams join Kathan River from origin to destination of river (Refer Figure 27). Out of 51 rivulets/streams, 27 streams join from left side and 24 streams join from right side to River Kathan. Besides these, there are 43 natural rivulets/streams join Kathanl River from upstream of proposed Weir. Out of 43 rivulets/streams, 22 streams join from left side and 21 streams join from right side to River Kathan. All said streams are the natural drains that carry runoff generated in the catchment area through precipitation.

Weirs and intake facilities are located outside the town and are mostly surrounded by agricultural and barren land and rivers/reservoirs etc. There is no notable, protected or unique aquatic plant/ creatures. The Aquatic life in the river is limited to local common species of fishes and aquatic plants. There is no commercial fisherman activity take place in and around the weir/intake sites. The aquatic plants in river are floating plants Nelumbo Nucifera, Bispinosa, Aponozeton etc. No notable sensitive features are 49

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

found. There is no forest area in the downstream of the proposed intake.

There are trees, bushes and vegetation on both sides of river banks across which Proposed weir is to be constructed. Removal of trees and vegetation will not require during implementation phase as the work is confined to within river bank only. Trees found along River banks are Acacia, Tamarind, kava, Soapnut (Reetha), Palash, Mango, Chola, Mahua and some other trees are commonly seen. There is no polluting source like industry in the catchment areas or town situated in this patch of river, only agriculture fields are found. Habitations are limited to small villages. Therefore, no significant impacts envisaged.

2.0 Clear Water Proposed CWRM pipelines of about 3641 m length Rising Main of dia 100 – 200 mm DI K-9 pipes will be mostly laid (CWRM) along the ULB road and some part along NH-86 roads within ROW. Pipes will be laid underground. The pipes will not traverse any private land across the entire length of the proposed alignment

There is no forest land involved in this as there is no forest areas across the entire length of proposed alignment. The shoulder of the road would be used; No tree felling is involved as per the preliminary survey. No trees cutting will be required during laying of CWRM.

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

3.0 Proposed OHT One OHT of 100 KL capacity is proposed at (100 KL) Near Kommodpur in Ward No. 12 near Shiv Temple in temple (Latitude – Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad. Site is about 200 m 24°34'20.42" N away from temple as shown in site photograph. Site Longitude - is located in the south-western side within the town. 79°17'43.02"E) Site is currently vacant and barren land with no tree cover. There are trees on the periphery of the site. However, none of the activities are planned in this strip of land. No tree will be cut during construction of OHT. Rock outcrops are visible on the site. No environment impacts envisaged. Selected site is owned by Revenue Department, GoMP. Total area required for OHT is 0.025 ha. Available land area is 4.270 ha under Khasra no. 129.

4.0 Proposed OHT OHT of 330 KL capacity is proposed nearby (330 KL) Near Sarsawati Public School in Ward No. 01, Bada Sarswati Shishu Malhera Nagar Parishad. . Site is located in the high School south-eastern side within the town. Site is currently (Latitude – vacant, barren land and free of vegetation with no 24°33'23.67" N tree cover. There are no trees in the site. Site is Longitude - covered with rock out crops, which is visible on the 79°18'32.47"E) site. Selected site is owned by Revenue Department, GoMP. Total area required for OHT is 0.025 ha and available land area is 1.395 ha under Khasra no. 2441/1. 52

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

5.0 Distribution Pipes will be laid along the roads/streets in the towns Network within the road right of way (ROW). In wider roads pipes will be laid in the road shoulder, and in narrow roads, where there is no space, pipes will be laid in the road carriage. Roads in the old part of the town are quite narrow (~3m), and in the rest of the town roads are wider. There are open drains on both sides of the town road. There are no trees along the roads, except in some new colonies in the outer areas. In old town areas pipes will be laid in the middle of the road, which may affect the traffic. In Bada Malhera town it is proposed to have a new distribution network, with HDPE pipes as part of the present program. There are about 5.6 km length of AC pipes underground laid many years back. These pipes are about 3-4 m below groundlevel and are old. These pipes will not be used or disturbed during construction and would remain in-situ.

Distribution network pipe lines will not be laid in forest areas or water bodies as there is no involvement of forest land nor comes along water bodies. Hence there is no environment impacts envisaged.

S. No. Infrastructure Locations & Environmental Features Site Photographs

Figure 16: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed Weir, Pick-up Weir & Existing Intake Well of Bada Malhera WSS

Figure 17: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed / Existing Components of Bada Malhera WSS

Figure 18: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed OHT 160 KL - Bada Malhera Town WSS

Figure 19: Google Earth Map Showing Proposed OHT 330 KL - Bada Malhera Town WSS 58

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

79. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this section. Measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended.

81. Screening of potential environmental impacts are categorized into four categories considering subproject phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre-construction phase), construction phase impacts and operations and maintenance phase impacts.

a. Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection and include loss of on-site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site. b. Design impacts include impacts arising from Investment Program design, including technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. c. Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production. d. O&M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, and occupational health and safety issues.

82. Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude (negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent).

83. This section of the IEE reviews possible project-related impacts, in order to identify issues requiring further attention and screen out issues of no relevance. ADB SPS (2009) require that impacts and risks will be analyzed during pre-construction, construction, and operational stages in the context of the project’s area of influence.

84. The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist in http://www.adb.org/documents/guidelines/environmental_assessment/eaguidelines002.aspis used to screen project for environmental impacts and to determine the scope of the IEE.

85. In the case of this project (i) most of the individual elements are relatively small and involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant;(ii) proposed water abstraction from the sources is very small compared to overall water availability, and the design of weir ensures that water impoundment is confined to river course itself; (iii) most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction process, and are produced because that process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and some works are located in the reservoir and (iv) being mostly located in an urban area, will not cause direct impact on biodiversity values. The project will be in properties held by the local government and access to the project location is through public rights-of-way and existing roads hence, land acquisition and encroachment on private property will not occur.

A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design & Location

86. Design of the Proposed Components. Technical design of the (i) Weir & Pick-up Weir; (ii) Repair & rehabilitation of existing intake facilities, (ii) Repair & rehabilitation of existing water treatment plant; (iii) clear water mains, (iv) storage reservoirs, and (v) distribution network, connections, flow meters, etc., follows the relevant national planning and design guidelines, focusing on providing a robust system which is easy to operate, sustainable, efficient and economically viable. Besides, the project also included the following environmental considerations:

(i) Discontinuation of current unsustainable groundwater source and developing a surface water source (Kathan River) based system by constructing a weir, pick- up weir for creating storage; duly utilizing the existing infrastructure like intakes and water treatment plant with necessary repairs and rehabilitation (ii) Limiting the height of water impounding structures (weir and pick-up weir) well below the height of the river banks so that the water storage is confined to the river course (iii) Design of apron to arrest erosion of the river bank of the downstream of weir and pick-up weir (iv) Provision of low level sluice gates to allow heavy monsoon flow freely without any obstruction and to avoid dam silting. (v) Recovering backwash water from treatment process (vi) Rehabilitation and repair of existing WTP and Treatment and reuse of sludge from treatment process (vii) Improving the exiting WTP with wash water and sludge management and chlorine safety measures (viii) Minimizing water losses from pipelines by perfect jointing and alignments using appropriate techniques (HDPE pipes up to 150 mm diameter joined by electro fusion couplers using on-site electro fusion welding, and all higher diameter pipes by on site butt welding) (ix) Designing the entire system to maintain optimal flow and terminal pressure, and optimising the overall energy usage (x) Reducing the incidence of water borne diseases by providing 100% population including urban poor with potable water supplies (xi) Improve water use efficiency and reduce water wastage at household level by recording and monitoring the water usage, and charging the consumers as per usage; due consideration to urban poor (xii) Minimize unaccounted for water (UFW) losses using district metered area approach with flow meter and pressure logging arrangements to identify and rectify the leaks, and unauthorized connections (xiii) Using low-noise and energy efficient pumping systems

87. Identification and Selection of Water Source: An alternative source analysis has been conducted to select a feasible and sustainable source of water supply to meet the ultimate design demand of Bada Malhera town. Two alternatives: (i) Ground water, (ii) Kathan River; have been studied, and Kathan River is selected based on techno-economic and environment considerations as elucidated below.

(a) Ground Water Source: Ground water is the main source of water for the Bada Malhera town. Presently, water is supplied through tube wells. There are 16 nos. of tube wells out of which only 10 are in working condition. In addition to this, 60

hand pumps are other source of water in the town. A significant volume of ground water is also extracted through a network of hand pumps. There are 26 nos. of hand pumps exists across the town. The water table in the area is going down years to years, due to which discharge of existing tube wells has been reducing. Mostly tube wells get dry during summer. During summer, yield of the tube wells and hand pumps gets considerably reduced and thus town faces acute drinking water scarcity. Hence ground water source is not sustainable. Therefore, groundwater is not considered a sustainable source for meeting total projected demand. Since the water availability from tube well sources is neither dependable nor reliable against quantity and quality, so it has been discarded in this project. (b) Kathan River: River Kathan flows in the western side of the town, which is about at a distance 3.6 km away from the Bada Malhera town and it is the only surface source of water nearby the town. There is no other alternatives and reliable source of water is available nearby other than Kathan River. Considering the proximity of good surface water source (Kathan River) and the techno-economic and environmental studies carried out indicated that Kathan River is the best possible source. Also, the government policy to utilize surface water source wherever it is feasible worked in favour of using Kathan River as the source of water. Hence it is proposed to develop Bada Malhera town water supply system based on Kathan River source.

88. Details of Kathan River: As mentioned above River Kathan flows in the western side of the town, which is about at a distance 3.6 km away from the Bada Malhera town and it is the only surface source of water nearby the Bada Makhera town. Kathan River originates from the hill near Tatarwara village, Shagarh Tehsil in Sagar district (Madhya Pradesh). It is tributary of Dhasan River. Prior merging with River Dhasan, the river navigates all through the area of Bundelkand. The river goes through the districts of Sagar, and Chhattarpur district in Madhya Pradesh. Kathan River flows towards North-East from South-West and passing throw Tatarwara, Luharra, Bilagram, Bagrohi, Karrai, Rampur, Rajpur Kalan, Patan, Barma, Garkhuwan, Kayan, Sijwaha, Silaro, Bamni, Morra village and enters into the Dhasan River at Devran village in Chhattarpur district (M.P.) as shown in Figure 20 to Figure 24, below. The Dhasan River is a right bank tributary of the Betwa River. Betwa river originates in Begumganj tehsil of Raisen district in Madhya Pradesh state, and meets Betwa River near Chandwari Danda village in Hamirpur district Uttar Pradesh.

89. Kathan River has total length of around 91 km from origin to the meeting point of River Dhasan. Kathan River is a non-perennial, and flows mainly during monsoon months. It carries significant flows during southwest monsoon, from end of June / beginning of July and up to the month of October and mid of November. Monsoon months demand can be directly met from the river as the flow is much higher than the demand, while storage is required to provide water supply for rest of the year. Kathan River has sufficient width and bank to store the water required for the drinking needs. Therefore, it is proposed to construction storage structure (weir), across the river to store water.

90. Considering the project water demand of the town, and to keep the water impoundment within the river course to avoid submergence of outside lands, it is proposed to keep the height of weir less than the height of river banks. Accordingly, it is assessed that, given the deep river banks, maximum of 6 m height weir can be constructed at the identified site. It is also assessed that weir with 6 m height will not be adequate to meet the demand, and therefore an additional weir of 2 m height is also proposed. 61

91. A Weir and an additional Pickup weir has been proposed across River Kathan near village Garkhuwan 3.36 km north-west of Bada Malhera town. Main weir (6m high) is proposed on the upstream and pick up weir (2 m high) on the downstream, about 1.5 km apart. Proposed location is approximately 78-79 km from the river origin point and about 12 km away from final destination point of Kathan River (meeting point of Dhasan River).

92. There is an existing water intake in River Kathan for Bada Marlhara water supply. This will be rehabilitated and utilized in the new system. Existing intake is about 800 m upstream of pick up weir, and it will pump water from the pick-up weir. Water from the main storage weir will be released into pick up weir as per the need, and from where it is abstracted via intake and pumped to the water treatment plant. 93. Except this intake, there is no other water intakes either on upstream or downstream of River Kathan from proposed weir/pickup weir site. In the river Kathan river course of about 90 km, there are 18 existing weirs/check dams on upstream and one on the downstream of proposed weir site. Nearest upstream weir/check dam (U18) is at about 32 km, and the nearest dam (D1) on downstream is at about 2 km from the proposed weir site. These existing weirs/ check dams have been constructed by different departments of Government of Madhya Pradesh under various schemes. Information on these structures is not readily available. Most of these existing weirs/dams are very small in size and their capacity is less than 0.5 MCM except Bila dam (56.7 MCM). Bila dam is located at about 60 km upstream of the proposed weir site. Details of existing weirs/dams are given in the Table 8, below.

94. River it is course is joined by 51 natural rivulets/streams (Refer Figure 27, below) - 27 streams join from left and 24 streams join from right . With reference to weir location, 43 rivulets/streams join Kathanl River on upstream of proposed Weir. Out of 43 rivulets/streams, 22 streams join from left side and 21 streams join from right side to River Kathan. All said streams are the natural drains that carry runoff generated in the catchment area through precipitation.

Table 8: Existing Weirs/ Check Dams across Kathan River and distance from Origin of river & proposed weir & Pick-up weir for Bada Malhera Town WSS S. Existing GPS Coordinates Distance Distance from Distance from No. Weirs/check from origin proposed weir proposed pick- dams across of Kathan (in km) up weir Kathan River River (in (in Km) Km) 1. Origin point of Latitude – 0 79.74 Kathan River 24°08'25.77"N 78.27 Longitude - 78°57'24.95"E 2. U1 Latitude – 1.98 77.76 24°09'01.50"N 76.96 Longitude - 78°58'12.05"E 3. U2 Latitude – 2.31 77.43 24°09'10.20"N 75.96 Longitude - 78°58'17.27"E 4. U3 Latitude – 2.91 76.83 24°09'22.15"N 75.36 Longitude - 78°58'30.86"E 62

5. U4 Latitude – 3.17 76.57 24°09'26.90"N 75.10 Longitude - 78°58'38.26"E 6. U5 Latitude – 4.54 75.2 24°09'52.68"N 73.73 Longitude - 78°59'04.93"E 7. U6 Latitude – 5.10 74.64 24°10'02.86"N 73.17 Longitude - 78°59'18.69"E 8. U7 Latitude – 5.50 72.77 74.24 24°10'11.67"N Longitude - 78°59'28.82"E 9. U8 Latitude – 6.52 71.75 73.22 24°10'39.71"N Longitude - 78°59'39.05"E 10. U9 Latitude – 7.08 71.19 72.66 24°10'50.60"N Longitude - 78°59'52.69"E 11. U10 Latitude – 8.37 69.9 71.37 24°11'03.92"N Longitude - 79°00'34.56"E 12. U11 Latitude – 11.10 67.17 68.64 24°11'46.20"N Longitude - 79°01'46.43"E 13. U12 Latitude – 11.50 66.77 68.24 24°11'58.15"N Longitude - 79°01'43.95"E 14. U13 Latitude – 12.87 65.4 66.87 24°12'42.07"N Longitude - 79°01'40.57"E 15. U14 Latitude – 14.25 64.02 65.49 24°13'21.79"N Longitude - 79°01'48.15"E 16. U15 (Bila Dam) Latitude – 21.38 56.89 58.36 24°15'41.07"N Longitude - 79°01'43.36"E 17. U16 Latitude – 29.48 48.79 50.26 24°18'37.45"N Longitude - 79°03'04.43"E 63

18 U17 Latitude – 38.07 40.2 41.67 24°21'48.28"N Longitude - 79°04'56.29"E 19 U18 Latitude – 46.32 31.95 33.42 24°24'02.38"N Longitude - 79°07'49.15"E 20 Proposed Weir Latitude – 78.27 0 1.47 24°35'30.12"N Longitude - 79°16'26.15"E 21 Existing intake Latitude – 78.94 0.67 0.8 well for Bada 24°35'51.86"N Malhera town Longitude - WSS 79°16'26.41"E 22 Proposed Pick- Latitude – 79.74 1.47 0 up Weir for 24°36'16.52"N Bada Malhera Longitude - town WSS 79°16'16.43"E 23. D1 Latitude – 80.42 2.15 0.68 24°36'36.59"N Longitude - 79°16'6.41"E 24 Destination point Latitude – 90.92 12.65 11.18 of Kathan River 24°41'24.00"N (Meeting with Longitude - Dhasan River 79°18'16.04"E near Devran Village in Chhatarpur District in Madhya Pradesh) *U1 to U18 denotes upstream side weirs/check dams and; D1 denotes downstream side weirs/check dam

Figure 20: Showing Origin & Destination Point and Location of Nearest Existing Weir (U18), Proposed weir & Pick-up weir, and existing Intake in Kathan River Near Garkhuwan village

Figure 21: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing Dams/Weirs w.r.t. Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir across Kathan River

Figure 22: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing Weir/Check Dam (D1) on downstream of Proposed weir & Pick- up weir and existing Intake in Kathan River

Figure 23: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing weirs/check dams (U15 to U18) on Upstream of Proposed weir & Pick-up weir and existing Intake in Kathan River

Figure 24: Google Earth Map Showing Location of Existing weirs/check dams (U1 to U15) on Upstream of Proposed weir & Pick-up weir and existing Intake in Kathan River 69

95. Kathan River Flow Dynamics: No flow data is available as there are no flow-gauging stations on Kathan River. It is a rain-fed and a non-perennial. River. As per the information collected from local people and water resource department officials, the river flows for about four to five months in a year; flow usually starts with the southwest monsoon rains in late June / July and continues throughout post monsoon, northeast monsoon season (October) and mid of November. River flow is very high during monsoon period in the months of July to August and maintains medium-high flow in the months of September to mid of November. Thereafter the flow reduces significantly, and flow is very low or insignificant from mid of November and up to February. River completely run dry from end of February / March to June months, and up to the arrival of monsoon in late June as mentioned in Table 9, below.

Table 9: Baseline Information and Flow Dynamics of River Kathan Locati Na Tot Lengt Lengt List River flow Characteristics on me al h of h of any of len River River dams/ Rive gth from from weirs Ephem Ver High Medi Low Comp r of Origin propo u/s of eral / y flow um to lete Riv to sed propos Perenn hig period flow very dry er Propo weir ed weir ial h perio low period sed to site flow d flow weir Final peri period Site dispo od with sal shallo point w depth, not navig able

Yes, March there to are 18 June existing end dams and Nearest upto Kath July Nove Garkhu dam is onset an 91 Ephem & Septe Octo mber - wan 79 km 12 km about of Rive km eral Aug mber ber Febru Village 31.95 monso r ust ary km on away from propose d weir site

Source: DPR Consultant as well as Site visit observation by PMC, PIU PMC & PIU PMU Sagar Safeguard Team

96. Requirement of Weir and Pick-up Weir: The ephemeral nature of river necessitated creation of storage to meet the town water demand during low and no-flow season. As stated earlier, the river flows for about four to five months in a year and carries very high flows in the months of July and August and maintains medium-high flow in the months of September to mid of November. Thereafter the flow reduces significantly, and flow is very low or insignificant from mid of November and up to February. River completely run dry from end of February / March to June months, and up to the arrival of monsoon in late June as mentioned. Monsoon months demand can be directly met from the river as the flow is much higher than the demand, while storage is required to provide water supply for rest of the year. Kathan River has sufficient width and bank to store the water required for the drinking needs. Therefore, it is proposed to construction storage structures, weir, across the river store water.

97. Considering the project water demand of the town, and to keep the water impoundment within the river course to avoid submergence of outside lands, it is proposed to keep the height of weir less than the height of river banks. Accordingly, it is assessed that, given the deep river banks, maximum of 6 m height weir can be constructed at the identified site. It is also assessed that weir with 6 m height will not be adequate to meet the demand, and therefore an additional weir of 2 m height is also proposed. A Weir and an additional Pickup weir has been proposed across River Kathan near village Garkhuwan 3.36 km north-west of Bada Malhera town. Main weir (6m high) is proposed on the upstream and pick up weir (2 m high) on the downstream, about 1.5 km apart. Proposed location is approximately 78-79 km from the river origin point and about 12 km away from final destination point of Kathan River (meeting point of Dhasan River).

98. There is an existing water intake in River Kathan for Bada Marlhara water supply. This will be rehabilitated and utilized in the new system. Existing intake is about 800 m upstream of pick up weir, and it will pump water from the pick-up weir. Water from the main storage weir will be released into pick up weir as per the need, and from where it is abstracted via intake and pumped to the water treatment plant.

Table 10: Details of Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir across Kathan River S. Location Details Water Capacity Water Availability No. Requirement of Weir / based on Rainfall During Non- Pick-up and Catchment Area rainy period for Weir in Analysis 242 days (8 MCM months)

1. Weir on u/s side of 192 M Long 0.915 MCM 0.835 MCM 145.68 MCM existing intake well & & 6 M low level bridge Height

2. Pick-up Weir on d/s 94 M Long 0.113 MCM side of existing intake & 2 M well & proposed weir Height near Garkhuwan Village

99. Proposed Weir across River Kathan: The total water demand of the town is estimated 2.52 MLD in the ultimate year 2050. Annual raw water demand is estimated as 0.915 mcm for ultimate design year, considering evaporation losses from weir storage . The water demand of 71 the Bada Malhera town can be fulfilled by constructing a weir and a Pick-up weir and making drawl arrangement from the downstream of the Kathan river. Calculation shows that 6 m high and 192 m long main weir and 2 m high and 94 m long pick up weir will be required to fulfill the demand. Hence, it is proposed to construct 2 weirs across the River. There is a low level bridge approximately 300 u/s of existing intake well site. So, weir (6m height) proposed 135m u/s of the bridge to avoid the submergence of it. This arrangement will be sufficient to fulfill the drinking water demand for ultimate year of the Bada Malhera town. The capacity curve and table of weir are given in Table 11 to Table 13 & Figure 25, below:

Table 11: Area Capacity Table of Proposed Weir for Bada Malhera Town WSS R.L. Area Volume cum Volume in Cum Volume in Cum Volume in ml mcm mcm 289 6800 290 25802 15282.63 0.0153 0.0153 15.28 291 65910 44316.82 0.0443 0.0596 59.60 292 108400 86278.67 0.0863 0.1459 145.88 293 213241 157892.75 0.1579 0.3038 303.77 294 268976 240569.87 0.2406 0.5443 544.34

295 313760 291080.77 0.2911 0.8354 835.42 296 392751 352517.22 0.3525 1.1879 1187.94

Table 12: Evaporation Losses Table as per Central Water Commission Month Days Evaporation(mm/day) Total Evaporation(mm) Total Evaporation(m) Jan 31 3 93 0.09 Feb 28 4 112 0.11 Mar 31 7 217 0.22 Apr 30 9 270 0.27 may 31 11 341 0.34 June 30 10 200 0.20 July 31 5 155 0.16 Aug 31 4 124 0.12 Sep 30 5 150 0.15 Oct 31 4 124 0.12 Nov 30 3 90 0.09 Dec 31 3 93 0.09

2059 2.059

Table 13: Storage Capacity of Proposed Weir of Bada Malhera Town WSS at Contour 295 = 835.42 ML S. Month Drinking water Days Total Net RL of Evaporat RL of Balance No. demand in Consump Capacity Conto ion the Capacity MLD for tion (in ML) at ur Losses contou (in ML) at Ultimate year the end of (in M) r at the the end of (in MLD) month end of month month 1. Nov. 2.52 30 75.6 759.82 294.75 0.09 294.66 732 2. Dec. 2.52 31 78.1 653.88 294.37 0.09 294.28 620 3. Jan. 2.52 31 78.1 541.88 294.00 0.09 293.91 515 4. Feb. 2.52 28 70.6 444.44 293.60 0.11 293.49 418 5. March 2.52 31 78.1 339.88 293.17 0.22 292.95 295 6. April 2.52 30 75.6 219.40 292.47 0.27 292.20 175 7. May 2.52 31 78.1 96.88 291.45 0.34 291.11 67 8 June 2.52 30 75.6 16.60 290.00 0.20 289.80 12

Figure 25: Weir Capacity Curve

100. Proposed Pick-up weir: A Pick-up weir will be constructed in the downstream of the proposed weir. Water after being released from the proposed weir will get stored in 73

the Pick-up weir. Length of the proposed Pick-up weir is 94 m, height is 2 m and capacity is 0.113 mcm (Refer Table 14 & Figure 26, below). This arrangement will be sufficient to store water released from proposed weir to fulfill the water demand of the town at ultimate stage.

Table 14: Storage Capacity of Pick-up Weir at Bada Malhera 113.38 ML at Contour 290 m S. Month Drinking Days Total Net RL of Evaporation RL of Balance No. Water Consumptio capacit contour loss (m) the Capacity Demand n y at the contour (ML) at the for end of at the end of Ultimate Month end of Month Yr. (in (in ML) month MLD) 1 June 2.52 10 25.2 88.18 289.67 0.10 289.57 77 2 July 2.52 20 50.4 26.6 288.75 0.16 288.60 21

Figure 26: Pick-up Weir Capacity Curve

101. Water Availability/Yield Assessment: In the absence of flow records, an engineer’s estimate of volume of water availability / catchment yield based on rainfall and catchment area with respect to proposed weir site has been prepared. The river catchment area up to the proposed weir point is 1214 sq. km (Refer Figure 27). With the annual average rainfall of 800 mm (minimum) and taking coefficient of runoff as 0.15 (poor catchment and no continuous downpour), the yield at weir point is estimated as 145.68 MCM. Proposed storage volume of both the weirs, to meet the water demand of Bada Malhara for a period 8 months annually, is 0.915 MCM per year including evaporation losses. This is just about 0.63% of total catchment yield. Hence on the basis of above analysis it is concluded that source is sustainable, and capacity of weir is sufficient to fulfill the ultimate demand. (For details water availability analysis based on catchment area & rainfall - see Table 15, below).

Table 15: Water Availability/ Yield Analysis based on Catchment area & Rainfall at Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir Site – Bada Malhera Town WSS Calculation for Total Runoff w.r.t Proposed Weir & Pickup Weir across Kathan River Near Garkhuwan Village for Bada Malhera Town WSS

S. No. Description Value Parameter

1 Catchment area (A) = 1214 Sq. Km

2 Average rain fall (Maximum) (I) = 950 Mm

3 Average rain fall (Minimum)(I) = 800 Mm

4 Run off coefficient (R) = 0.15 =

5 Formula = AIR

= 1214X1000X1000X0.95X0.15 cum

i Maximum rainfall = 172995000 cum

= 172.99 MCM

= 1214X1000X1000X0.8X0.15 cum Minimum rainfall 145680000 cum ii 145.68 MCM

Total Available water = 145.68 MCM

Ultimate Year Water Demand for = 0.92 MCM Bada Malhera Town 75

Figure 27: Catchment Area w.r.t. Proposed Weir & Pick-up Weir across Kathan River near Garkhuwan Village

102. Source Sustainability for the water supply scheme (WSS) of Bada Malhera town: The total water demand for Bada Malhera town is estimated to be 2.52 MLD at ultimate stage for year 2050. Considering evaporation losses from the storage, the estimated water requirement of 242 days (8 months), low / no-flow season is 0.915 MCM. Capacity of the proposed weir and pick-up weir is 0.835 MCM and 0.113 MCM i.e. (Total = 0.948 MCM) respectively, which is sufficient to meet the required ultimate year demand. The catchment area up to the weir point are 1214 km2 (Refer Fig 27) and based on the catchment area and rainfall analysis, river catchment yield with respect to the proposed weir and pick-up weir is estimated as 145.68 MCM (Refer Table 15). Looking to the yield, the gross capacity of proposed weir and pick-up weir is (0.835+0.113) MCM = 0.948 MCM, which is just about 0.63% of total yield, hence the source is 100% assured.

103. Submergence of land / Impact on Upstream due to Weir & Pick-up Weir Construction: The 6m height of weir and 2m height of pick-up weir are proposed to meet the water storage requirement, and also to limit the water storage / submergence within river course. Considering the height of river banks, about 8-10 m high from the bed of the River (Refer Figure 28 - Site Photographs of Kathan River), the proposed weir (6m height) and Pickup-up weir (2m height) is much below the river banks i.e. (proposed weir is about 2-4 m and pick-up weir is about 6-8 m below the river banks). The height of the weir (6m) and pick-up weir (2m), to store required water is fixed in such way that top level (295m) of structure is well below the High Flood Level (297.25 m) of the river. HFL of the river is 8.25m above from the bed level of river (289m). It is also considered that the weir height should be as low as possible so that the submergence is limited to the river course when the height of weir is kept at 6 m and 2m at proposed sites. Refer Map annexed as Figure 29 shows the weir storage / contour plan and submergence area of proposed weir and pick-up weir. The height of weir in both the cases is less than the height of the river banks and HFL, and therefore the water storage is confined to river course / flood plain, and there is no submergence of lands outside the river. No negative impacts or acquisition of government of private or government lands anticipated. Therefore, there are no impacts due to submergence.

Figure 28: Site Photographs of River Kathan Showing Riverbanks Height

U/s and D/s side of Proposed Pick-up Weir

Showing Low bridge (on d/s of weir) and Upstream & Downstream of Proposed Weir

Downstream of Weir (Low bridge is on downstream of Weir)

Kathan River (intake upstream side) Kathan River (intake downstream side) 79

Kathan River (intake d/s & Pick-up weir u/s side) Kathan River (intake d/s & Pick-up weir u/s side) 80

Figure 29: Contour Map of Kathan River Superimposed on Google Earth Map showing Submergence area w.r.t. proposed Weir height and Location 81

104. Impacts due to weir & pick-up weir on downstream users and River ecosystem: Based on the river catchment yield estimate it is assessed that the proposed weir is storage is just about 0.63% of total yield, therefore this marginal abstraction is unlikely to have any notable impacts on existing users or river ecosystem. River is ephemeral, and has large flow variations, and completely gets dry for about 4-5 months from March through June. Given that there are already existing weirs / dams across the river throughout its course, both on upstream and downstream of proposed weir, there is unlikely to be any notable change or impact on the river ecosystem or aquatic life. There are no notable sensitive environmental features or protected or unique aquatic plant/ creatures. The Aquatic life in the river is limited to local common species of fishes and aquatic plants. There is no commercial fishing activity take place in this stretch of the river and on downstream up to the meeting point of Dhasan River. The aquatic plants in river are floating plants Nelumbo Nucifera, Bispinosa, Aponozeton etc. There are trees, bushes and vegetation on both sides of river banks across which proposed weir and pick-up weir are to be constructed. Removal of trees and vegetation will not require during implementation phase as the work is confined to within river bank only. Trees found along River banks are Acacia, Tamarind, kava, Soapnut (Reetha), Palash, Mango, Chola, Mahua and some other trees are commonly seen.

105. Also, the increase in overall storage volume across the river due construction new weir is will also not be significant. Although there are total 19 weirs/check dams/dams across the river, except Bila Dam, all are very small, and storage capacity is just around 0.5 MCM. Bila Dam is situated 60 km upstream of proposed weir site, and the capacity of Bila Dam is 56.37 MCM. The total capacity of the impounding structures across the river at present may be appropriately 66 MCM (based on rough estimate as no data available), and with the construction of new weir for Bada Malhara this will increase very marginally to about 67 MCM, about 1.5% increase. In terms of water availability, the cumulative storage on the river is about 45% of total catchment yield. Creation of new storage for Bada Malhar with just 0.92 MCM of water is unlikely to alter the existing situation considerably.

106. Height of proposed weirs are 6m and 2m from the bed level of the river. Weir will be of solid concrete structure, and will be provided with low level sluice gates (just above the dam sill level at the river bed) to allow release of water as and when required. Sluice gates will be closed prior to end of monsoon flows and opened prior to onset of heavy monsoon flows; this arrangement avoids silt accumulation and also prevents obstruction of heavy monsoon flows as shown in drawings annexed as Figure 30 to Figure 31, below. There are already existing dams on the upstream and downstream of the proposed weir site, across River Kathan (Details are provided above). Therefore, the change in flow regime due to this small weir will be negligible. Hence no notable impacts envisaged on the downstream. The proposed impoundment, in fact, is likely to benefit the environment through groundwater recharge and propagating aquatic life, therefore no further impacts envisaged due to proposed weir. Hence no impact envisaged on downstream side. As the package is implemented under DBO mode, the detailed design of weir will be conducted by the contractor after award of the contract.

107. Weir Operation and Safety of Downstream Structures: There is a low-level road bridge, approximately 300 u/s of existing intake well site (see Figure 28). During very heavy flows, water flows over the bridge. To avoid submergence of this bridge, weir (6m height) is proposed 135 m up stream of bridge, while the pick-up weir (2 m height) will be on the downstream of bridge at about 1.35 km. During the operation phase, water from the main weir will be released periodically into pick up weir for abstraction via intake and supply to the town. As the existing bridge is located close on the downstream, the aspects of structural stability of bridge, and also risk of water releases on the bridge way and traffic movement, need to be 82 considered during the detailed design. There may be a risk due to release of water from the sluice gates, and in the events of overflow of weir. This needs to be properly studied, and necessary precautions to be included for safety of structures, and road users. 83

Figure 30: Details of Plan, Cross-Section & Elevation of Proposed Weir Showing Sluice Gates for Bada Malhera Town WSS

Figure 31: Details of Plan, Cross-Section & Elevation of Proposed Pick-up Weir for Bada Malhera Town WSS 85

108. Water Quality of Kathan River: Catchment area of the proposed weir site is spread over 1214 sq. km, and is mostly characterized by agricultural and barren lands, and forest areas. Water Quality Test Report of Kathan River is given in Appendix 12. All the parameters of water quality in comparison with drinking water standards are well within the limits, except for turbidity and bacteriological contamination. hence conventional water treatment and disinfection which is proposed in the project is adequate to make the water usable for drinking purposes. A regular water quality regime needs to be established for checking the raw water quality. The water supplied to the consumers at all-time must meet the drinking water standards (Appendix 8).

109. Use of Chlorine as disinfectant. Given the risk of bacteriological contamination in the river water souce, it is proposed to have disinfection of the water. Thus it is proposed to use chlorine at WTP to disinfect the water prior to supply to consumers. There is invariably a safety risk when chlorine is handled. Although facilities are not located close to habitations, safety precautions are necessary to ensure the safety of workers and citizens. An offsite emergency management plan will be prepared during detailed design stage by DBO Contractor. For the existing WTP for Bada Malhera town WSS, all the facilities that are required including chlorine safety are included in the subproject proposals/designs under rehabilitation and repair works. The EMP (Refer EMP Table 19 & Table 22) includes mitigation measures to ensure the compliance of environmental standards during O&M phase. To avoid any risk, the chlorination facility will be provided with the following:

(i) Chlorine neutralization pit with a lime slurry feeder (ii) Proper ventilation, lighting, entry and exit facilities (iii) Facility for isolation in the event of major chlorine leakage (iv) Continuous monitoring and detection of leaks (v) Visible and auditable alarms in the event of chlorine leakage (vi) Personal protection and safety equipment for the operators in the chlorine plant (vii) Provide training to the staff in safe handling and application of chlorine; this shall be included in the contract of Chlorinator supplier (viii) Supplier of Chlorinator equipment shall provide standard operating manual for safe operation and as well as maintenance and repairs; preferably these shall be provided both in English and Hindi Languages (ix) Develop procedures for handling of emergencies and provide training to the employees.

110. Utilities. Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water lines within the proposed project locations may require to be shifted in few cases. To mitigate the adverse impacts due to relocation of the utilities, the contractor, in collaboration with ULB will (i) identify the locations and operators of these utilities to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; and (ii) instruct construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services.

111. Site selection of construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas and disposal areas. Priority would be to locate these facilities near the project components. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. However, it would be necessary to ensure that the facilities are located in areas such that it does not cause any harm to the environment; cause any conflict with the local population, results in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and common resources.

112. To prevent any inconvenience to local population and prevent harm to the environment siting guidelines have been developed for setting up of construction camps:

• Residential areas will not be considered for setting up camps to protect the human environment (i.e., curb accident, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime). A minimum buffer distance of 200 m would be maintained. • Sensitive environmental receptors forest, schools’ hospitals, religious places, water bodies, swamps, riverbeds/banks or in areas which will inconvenience the community will be avoided; and • A detailed guidance for siting of construction camps is provided in Appendix 13: Guidance for Siting and Facilities at Construction Camp.

113. Site selection of sources of materials. Significant quantities of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate will be required for construction works. Requirement of gravel is limited. Contractor should procure these materials only from the quarries permitted/licensed by Mines and Geology Department. Contractor should, to the maximum extent possible, procure material from existing quarries, and creation of new quarry areas should be avoid as far as possible. Improper extraction of materials can disrupt natural land contours and vegetation resulting in accelerated erosion, disturbance in natural drainage patterns, ponding and water logging, and water pollution. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibility to verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of Department of Mines & Geology and local revenue administration.

114. To prevent the adverse effect from the sourcing of quarry material required i.e. sand and stone aggregate, the following measures will be adopted in MPUSIP.

• The material will be procured from existing quarries which have valid Environmental Clearance by the State Environmental Appraisal Committee/ State Environmental Appraisal Authority/ District Environmental Committee. • Further as a contractual obligation the Contractor is required to submit the Environmental Clearance certificate and the latest copy of the six-monthly Compliance Report submitted by the Quarry to MPPCB to the PIU before the procurement of the material. Contractor to submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation on material obtained from each source (quarry/ borrow pit). • However, if the Contractor opens a new quarry, he has to obtain the environmental clearance and submit the same to the PIU before extracting any material from the quarry/sand mine. • Submit to MPUDC on a monthly basis report of the quantity of material procured/extracted from each quarry.

115. Impact due to presence of Hazardous Material (Asbestos Cement Pipes): As discussed earlier asbestos cement pipes had been used in part of the pipeline network developed during the 1970’s. There is acute health risk of workers getting exposed to asbestos containing material if these pipes are uncovered in the course of the work. These, pipeline were laid at a depth of 1.5 m from the ground level. And also, ground level of the roads increased considerable due to road improvements over last many years. At present these pipes are very old and are laying about 3-4 m below the ground level. Under this project the maximum depth of laying of pipeline would be 1.2 m. Thus, there would be no possibility of the workers getting 87 exposed to the pipelines. These pipes will not be used in future, and will be left as it is in the ground, without any disturbance.

116. Considering the health and safety risk associated with asbestos the following precautions have been proposed to safeguard workers and the community around:

• A detailed survey with the assistance of PHED and /NP on the presence of existing AC pipes in the distribution network or on areas which involve pipe laying activities. In the final IEE, a map showing the exact location of the AC pipes should be provided. • Locate the new pipes carefully to avoid encountering AC pipes • All AC pipes will be left in situ and untouched. New pipes will be placed next to AC pipes. • In the event, that the asbestos fibers from AC pipes were accidentally disturbed/ exposed, the contractor should also prepare SOP for handling the AC pipes. • Safe disposal and precaution will be taken as per the USEPA https://www.epa.gov/asbestos/safe-work-practices.

117. Impacts from Procurement of Material: The Regulation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Order, 2016 states that all equipment containing biphenyl should be phased out by 31st December 2025. In such cases both the oil and the equipment would be considered as a hazardous waste and disposed as per the relevant legislations. To prevent this scenario No transformer procured under the project should contain PCBs.

B. Environmental Audit of Existing Water Treatment Plant

118. There is an existing WTP in Bada Malhera having capacity 3.00 MLD, which will be used for the project with necessary improvements. As per the ADB SPS 2009, this is an associated facility and therefore the component operation shall comply with the ADB and applicable environmental laws of India. A preliminary environmental audit is conducted to (i) assess the compliance of the existing WTP with environmental legislations; (ii) improve environmental performance; and (iii) increase Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad’s knowledge, thus increasing its ability to continually improve and minimize future potential liabilities. A more detailed environmental audit and risk assessment shall be carried out during detailed design stage by DBO Contractor.

Table 16: Salient Features of Bada Malhera Existing WTP Description Bada Malhera Existing WTP Location In Ward No. 12, on Garkhuwan road, Bada Malhera. Latitude – 24°34'44.58"N Longitude - 79°17'58.12"E Start of Operation (Year) WTP have not been used since their construction in 2015. Owned by WTP were built by the PHE department, GoMP. Capacity 3.00 MLD (1000 sq m @ average 0.125 m3/m2/ hr filter rate slow sand filter bed). Water Supply Source & Distance from WTP Kathan river, 3.36 km away from the WTP 88

Description Bada Malhera Existing WTP Water Treatment process Treatment process: The treatment process is conventional, and has following units: Coagulation flocculation, chemical dosing, filtration, and disinfection with chlorine. There are 02 slow sand filters.

Materials: All civil structures are made of reinforced cement concrete,

Treated water quality N.A. WTP have not been used since their construction in 2015 by PHE Department. Backwash Water and Sludge Management None

Chlorination System Chlorine dosage system is not proper; there are no safety precautions in place.

Chlorine cylinders are not working, and other water electro chlorinator is also not in working condition.

No safety systems like leak detection or emergency alarm or lime slurry pit available in the facility. Safety equipment like masks and oxygen cylinders are not provided at the facility. Overall condition of WTP WTP was built by the PHE department, however, this is not put into operation. Due to lack of maintenance, WTP structures are in poor condition and need some repairing work to meet their functional requirements.

Table 17: Compliance with Applicable National and State Regulations Act/Rule Clearance Requirement Compliance Status of Existing WTP at Bada Malhera Town

EIA Notification The EIA Notification of 2006 and N.A. 2009 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994) states that environmental Environmental clearance is not required clearance is required for certain as WTPs are not listed in the EIA defined activities/projects Notification’s “Schedule of Projects Requiring Prior Environmental Clearance”

Manufacture, Storage of chlorine (threshold NA Storage, and Import quantity greater than 10 tons will of Hazardous require clearance from Madhya WTP have not been used since Chemical Rules, 1989 Pradesh Pollution Control Board construction in 2015. (MPPCB). However, PMU needs to liaise with the MPPCB if there are any changed to this statute requirement

Water (Prevention Consent to operate from MPPCB Non-compliant and Control of 89

Act/Rule Clearance Requirement Compliance Status of Existing WTP at Bada Malhera Town

Pollution) Act of 1974, Rules of 1975, and amendments At present there is no Consent obtained from the MPPCB for this plant. This is mandatory and needs to be obtained.

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981, Rules of 1982 and amendments.

Environment Emissions and discharges from the (Protection) Act, 1986 facilities to be created, refurbished, and CPCB or augmented shall comply with the Environmental notified standards. Standards

a. Air emissions No significant air emissions.

b. Effluent N.A.

WTP have not been used since their construction in 2015.

Forest (Conservation) As per Rule 6, every user agency, N/A Act, 1980 and Forest who wants to use any forest land for Conservation Rules, non-forest purposes shall seek 2003 as amended approval of the central government WTP is not located in notified forest lands.

Ancient Monuments No development activity is permitted N/A and Archaeological in the “protected area,” and all Sites and Remains development activities likely to WTP is not located near any protected monument Rules of 1959 damage the protected property are

not permitted in the “controlled area” without prior permission of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Protected property includes the site, remains, and monuments protected by ASI or the State Department of Archaeology.

119. Compliance & Corrective Actions. The existing WTP structure as presented in Figure 5 to Figure 7 would be used. Existing WTP have not been used since its construction in 2015. WTP structures were built by the PHE department and due to lack of maintenance; it is in poor condition and need some repairing and rehabilitation work to meet their functional requirements. 90

The existing WTP will be used after rehabilitation. Rehabilitation of the existing WTP will include repair of sedimentation tank, raw water channel, alum mixing plant, repair of filter bed, scraping of top lay of filter sand and refilling, repair of clear water pump house (supply, erection (installation), testing and commissioning replacement of pumps and machineries), colouring & other miscellaneous works and chlorine safety features etc. Backwash recirculation and sludge management facilities will also be constructed. During the design and planning process, the existing WTP at Bada Malhera was thoroughly inspected and audited for the environmental concerns. In addition to assess the structural integrity and physical condition a separate study have been carried out in the DPR.

Table 18: Corrective Action Plan (CAP) for Environmental Compliance of Existing WTP Concern Action Required Time line Responsible Agency and Funding Source Non-compliance with Obtain consent (CTE / CTE prior start of Nagar Parishad Bada statutory regulations ? CTO) from MPPCB. rehabilitation work Malhera (for Bada Malhera WTP) CTO prior to start of operation of rehabilitated WTP

Poor backwash - Provision of Issues of concerns to MPUDC (components are wastewater and sludge backwash recirculation be addressed by the included in the subproject management. system – to avoid start of operation of under MPUSIP) discharge and also to Rehabilitated WTP (i.e. recover raw water. February 2023).

-Provision of sludge collection, thickening, drying and reuse/disposal system..

Lack of safety -Improvements to Issues of concerns to MPUDC measures for chlorine chlorination system be addressed by the handlings. including provision all start of operation of (components are included necessary safety Rehabilitated WTP (i.e. in the subproject under measures, PPEs and February 2023) MPUSIP) provide training to staff.

C. Construction Impacts

120. The construction work is expected not to cause major negative impacts, mainly because:

• Most of the activities will be on the built-up areas of town and/or existing RoW, thus could be constructed without causing impacts to biodiversity. • All the sites are located on government-owned land which is not occupied or used for any other purpose. • Pipelines will be mainly located on unused ground alongside existing roads and can be constructed without causing major disruption to road users and adjacent houses, shops and other businesses; 91

• Most pipeline construction will be conducted by small teams working on short lengths at a time so most impacts will be localized and short in duration; • Most of the individual elements of the subproject are relatively small and involve straight forward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant; • Most of the predicted impacts associated with the construction process are produced because the process is invasive, such as involving excavation. However, the routine nature of the impacts means that most can be easily mitigated, and the impacts are clearly a result of the construction process rather than the design or location, as impacts will not occur if excavation or other ground disturbance is not involved. • As a result, there are several aspects of the environment which are not expected to be affected by the construction process and these can be screened out of the assessment at this stage as required by ADB procedure. These environmental factors are screened out presently but will be assessed again before starting the construction activities. • Overall construction program will be relatively short and is expected to be completed in 36 months with activities to be conducted by small teams and specified location so most.

121. Pipe Laying Works. Civil works in the project include linear excavation for laying pipes along the roads, placing pipes in the trench and refilling with the excavated soil. The trenches will be of 0.4 m – 0.7 m wide and 0.8 to 1 m depth. Subsequent to completion of works, road reinstatement will be undertaken by the contractor as part of the civil works. Pipeline laying work will be taken up in section-wise by DBO contractor daily; trench excavation, pipe laying, jointing, will be refilled, consolidated with a plate vibrator/ roller and levelled by the end of the day; this limits the public disturbance to a minimum time. The mitigation measures are discussed in the EMP (Refer EMP Table 20 - 21). The roads in the core city area of all the towns are very narrow and congested with pedestrians and vehicles (mainly 2-wheelers), while the roads in outer areas are wide.

122. Earth work excavation will be undertaken by machine (backhoe excavator) or manually and include danger lighting and using barricades at every 100 m. Sufficient care will be taken while laying so that existing utilities and cables are not damaged and pipes are not thrown into the trenches or dragged, but carefully laid in the trenches. As trenches are a maximum of 1.2 m, there is no risk of collapse of trenches or risk to surrounding buildings. Once they are laid, pipes will be joined as per specification and then tested for any cracks of leakages. The minimum working hours will be 8 hours daily, the total duration of each stage depends on the soil condition and other local features. About 95% of the excavated soil will be used for refilling the trench after placing the pipe and therefore residual soil after pipe laying and refilling is not significant.

123. Other construction works. Other civil works in the subproject include construction of a weir, pick-up weir across River Kathan, repair and rehabilitation of existing intake and water treatment plant, construction of water tanks at the identified sites. These works will be confined to sites, and construction will include general activities like excavation for foundation, construction of foundations, columns, walls and roof in cement concrete and masonry, and fixing of mechanical and electrical fixtures, etc. Weir and pick-up weir structures has been proposed for creating storage of raw water in Kathan River and water after being released from the weir will get stored in the pick-up weir to collect and lift water up to treatment works via 92 existing intake. Weir and pick-up weir will be constructed within the water body across the River Kathan. An enclosed area will be created at the selected site using temporary barriers like sand bags or sheet piles and the water will be pumped out only after settling & clarified to make the area dry for construction. Once this is created, the rest of the construction will follow the general construction procedures. Once the work is over, the temporary structure/barrier will be removed.

124. Although construction of these project components involves quite simple techniques of civil work, the invasive nature of excavation and the project locations in the built-up areas of the town where there are a variety of human activities, will result in impacts to the environment and sensitive receptors such as residents, businesses, and the community in general. Water lines will be laid on either side of the roads/streets. These anticipated impacts are temporary and for short duration. Physical impacts will be reduced by the method of working and scheduling of work, whereby the project components will be (i) constructed by small teams working at a time; (ii) any excavation done near sensitive area like school, religious places and house will be protected as per standard norms. (iii) Busy street and bazaar area will require night work. For night work Contractor will ensure lights not focusing on houses, (iv) Use of low noise generator. (v) Proper signage’ sand barricades. (vi) Prior noticed before construction work of a particular stretch to residences/shops etc.

125. Sources of Materials. Significant amount of sand and coarse aggregate will be required for this project. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Use material sources permitted by government; (ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of PIU; and (iii) Submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials.

126. Air Quality. It is most certain that work will be conducted during the dry season, so there is potential for creating dust from the excavation of dry soil, backfilling, transportation to disposal, and from the import and storage of sand/gravel for bedding. Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality in the construction sites. Anticipated impacts include dusts and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons. These however will be temporary, limiting to construction activities only. Specific areas of concern have been observed in case of laying of clear water rising main and distribution line. Dust generation from construction work in individual and confined work sites, will be mainly during the initial construction phase of earthwork, as the site is confined, dust can be effectively controlled with common measures. Dust generation will be significant during distribution line laying along the roads. Increase in dust/ particulate matter in ambient air have adverse impacts on people’s health and environment. Potential impact is negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. To mitigate the impacts, for all construction works contractor will be required to:

(i) Barricade the construction area using hard barricades (of 2m height) on both sides and provide dust/wind screen (such as geo textile fabric) up to 3m height (1 m above the hard barricading (ii) Initiate site clearance and excavation work only after barricading of the site is done (iii) Confine all the material, excavated soil, debris, equipment, machinery (excavators, backhoe, etc.) to the barricaded area (iv) Limit the stocking of excavated material at the site; remove the excess soil from the site immediately to the designated disposal area 93

(v) Undertake the work section-wise: 100-200 m section should be demarcated and barricaded (vi) Conduct work sequentially – excavation, pipe laying, backfilling; conduct pipe testing section-wise (for a minimum length as possible) so that backfilling, stabilization of soil can be done (vii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled material on site by water sprinkling; (viii) Stabilize surface soils where loaders, support equipment and vehicles will operate by using water and maintain surface soils in a stabilized condition (ix) Apply water prior to levelling or any other earth moving activity to keep the soil moist throughout the process (x) Cover the soil stocked at the sites with tarpaulins (xi) Backfilled trend at any completed section after removal of barricading will be the main source of dust pollution. The traffic, pedestrian movement and wind will generate dust from backfilled section. Road restoration shall be undertaken immediately. (xii) Control access to work area, prevent unnecessary movement of vehicle, public trespassing into work areas; limiting soil disturbance will minimize dust generation (xiii) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; (xiv) Control dust generation while unloading the loose material (particularly aggregate, sand, soil) at the site by sprinkling water and unloading inside the barricaded area (xv) Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site (xvi) Disallow access in the work area except workers to limit soil disturbance and prevent access by barricading and security personnel (xvii) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operating correctly (xviii) Ensure that all the construction equipment, machinery is fitted with pollution control devises, which are operating correctly, and have a valid pollution under control (PUC) certificate (xix) Limit the speed of construction vehicles on access roads and work sites to a maximum of 30 km/h (xx) Prohibit burning firewood in work and labor camps (xxi) Prohibit burning of solid wastes.

127. Surface Water Quality. Run-off from stockpiled materials and chemical contamination from fuels and lubricants during construction works can contaminate downstream surface water quality of the streams. As the rainfall in the project areas is mostly confined to monsoon, these potential impacts are short-term and temporary. However, to ensure that these are mitigated, construction contractor will be required to:

(i) No earthwork will be conducted during rainy season (ii) All earth works be conducted during the dry season to prevent the problem of soil run-off during monsoon season; (iii) Avoid stock piling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; (iv) Prioritize-use of excess spoil sand materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, only designated disposal areas shall be used; (v) Disposal sites will be selected prior to start of construction following the EMP guidelines 94

(vi) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; (vii) Place storage areas for fuel sand lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (viii) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; (ix) Temporary drains or bunds will be created around the periphery of work area to avoid flooding, and entry of runoff (x) Accumulated water in work areas / excavated pits will be pumped to a temporary ponds / sedimentation basins; only clarified water will be disposed into drains (xi) Safety measures will be undertaken to avoid any risk of collapse due to water entry (xii) Conduct surface water quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

128. Construction of weir and pick-up weir across the River Kathan may lead to degradation of water quality due to increase in turbidity and chemical contamination from fuels and lubricant used in construction work. Increase in silt content and water turbidity, chemical quality can affect the aquatic life, silting/chocking of spill ways/ canals etc. Kathan River is a non-perennial river and almost run dry during summer season. Though there are no notable aquatic life, to ensure that any negative impacts are mitigation, the contractor will be required to:

(i) Select a construction methodology that is least disturbing, and appropriate for the in-situ soil condition, and able to complete the construction work prior to onset of monsoon (ii) Schedule the construction works in river bed during summer where there is no flow / low water level period – late winter months to pre monsoon (February – June/July); ensure that works are completed during the same period to prior to onset of monsoon; coordinate with upstream dam authorities on release of water; avoid scheduling the works during water release period. (iii) Do not disturb riverbed except the actual work area; no equipment, machinery shall be operated outside the work area (iv) Erect temporary barriers to form enclosed construction area with least disturbance (v) Allow adequate time to settle the distributed solids to prior to pumping out water; only clear/clarified water shall be pumped back into the reservoir; any silt laden water should be pumped to a silt pond (vi) Avoid/minimize use of fuels, chemicals and lubricants; ensure no spillage (vii) Clean up the area after the completion & prior to the onset of monsoon flow

129. Generation of Construction Wastes. Solid wastes generated from the construction activities are excess excavated earth (spoils), discarded construction materials, cement bags, wood, steel, oils, fuels and other similar items. Domestic solid wastes may also be generated from the workers’ camp. Improper waste management could cause odor and vermin problems, pollution and flow obstruction of nearby watercourses and could negatively impact the landscape. The following mitigation measures to minimize impacts from waste generation shall be implemented by the contractor:

(i) Prepare and implement a Construction Waste Management Plan (ii) Stockpiles, lubricants, fuels, and other materials should be located away from steep slopes and water bodies; 95

(iii) Avoid stock piling any excess spoils. Excess excavated soils should be dispose to approved designated areas; (iv) Domestic solid wastes should be properly segregated in biodegradable and non- (v) Biodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site (vi) Residual and hazardous wastes such a soils, fuels, and lubricants shall bed is posed in disposal sites approved by local authorities; (vii) Prohibit burning of construction and domestic waste; (viii) Ensure that wastes are not hap hazard dumped with in the project site and adjacent areas. (ix) Get approval of PIU in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance

130. Noise and Vibration Levels: Except weir, pick-up weir and water tanks, all the construction work will be conducted at selected sites and along the roads in Bada Malhera urban areas, where there are houses, schools and hospitals, religious & historical places and small- scale businesses. The sensitive receptors are the general population in these areas. Increase in noise level may be caused by excavation, particularly breaking of cement concrete or bitumen roads, operation of construction equipment like concrete mixers, and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people. Vibration generated from construction activity, for instance from the use of pneumatic drills, will have impact on nearby buildings and monuments. This impact is negative but short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Plan activities in consultation with PIU so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; (ii) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary toward other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicles silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimize sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10m or more from the vehicle/s. (v) Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity;

131. Surface and Groundwater Quality. Another physical impact that is often associated with excavation is the effect on drainage and the local water table if groundwater and surface water collect in the voids. In Bada Malhera groundwater is deeper than the proposed excavation depths, and rains are limited to short duration during monsoon. However, to ensure that water will not pond in pits and voids near project location, the construction contractor will be required to conduct excavation works in non-monsoon season to the maximum extent possible.

132. Accessibility. Excavation along the roads, hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site can cause traffic problems. Roads in the core/old town area of Bada Malhera is very narrow. However, most of the roads are used by pedestrians and two wheelers, and four wheelers vehicles are very limited. Potential impact is negative but short term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Confine work areas along the roads to the minimum possible extent; all the activities, including material & waste/surplus soil stocking should be confined to 96

this area. Proper barricading should be provided; avoid material/surplus soil stocking in congested areas – immediately removed from site/ or brought to the as and when required (ii) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; (iii) Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; (iv) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; (v) MS Trench Bridges3 should be provided with proper handrails so that it can elderly and children not fall. (vi) Motor able access will be provided in front of the Hospital and school during the construction period. In front of school or hospital MS Trench Bridges of adequate capacity should be provided with proper handrails so it can withstand the pedestrian loads at these institutions. (vii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (viii) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; (ix) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (x) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (xi) Coordinate with Traffic Police for temporary road diversions, where necessary, and for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours (xii) Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.

133. Wherever road width is minimal, there will be temporary loss of access to pedestrians and vehicular traffic including 2 wheelers during the laying of pipes. Under those circumstances, contractor shall adopt following measures:

o Inform the affected local population 1-week in advance about the work schedule o Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum. o Provide pedestrian access in all the locations until normalcy is restored. Provide wooden/metal planks over the open trenches at each house to maintain the access.

134. Socio-Economic – Income. The project components will be located in government land and there is no requirement for land acquisition or any resettlement. Construction works will impede the access of residents to specific site in limited cases. The potential impacts are

3 MS Trench Bridge or wwalkways must be provided for pedestrian traffic. These structures shall: i) have a safety factor of 4; shall have a minimum clear width of 0.51 m; iii) be fitted with hand rails (between 39-in and 45-in from top of deck);and •Mid Rail: centre at 20-in to 22-in from top of deck iv) extend a minimum of 24 in (.61 m) past the surface edge of the trench and v) the deck should be made of slip resistant material and completely drained. The structural requirements of the bridge are as follows; i) Bridge Allowable Loading: distributed load minimum of 50 pounds per square foot (PSF) ; ii) •Point Loading: One (1) 300 pound person including tools per 2-ft of bridge length iii) Handrail Strength: 200 pound point load directed in vertical direction and horizontal direction not simultaneously, applied at any point between support posts; iv) Middle Rail: 150 pound point load directed in vertical direction and horizontal direction not simultaneously, applied at any point between support posts; v) Toe Kick: 50 pound point load directed in horizontal direction, applied at any point between support posts (https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_v/otm_v_2.html /https://www.ntsafety.com/2016/07/21/temporary-bridges- used-for-worker-access-in-excavation-work/) 97 negative and moderate but short-term and temporary. The construction contractor will be required to:

o Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; o Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; o Increase workforce in the areas with predominantly institutions, place of worship, business establishment, hospitals, and schools; o Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and o Consult affected business people to inform them in advance when work will occur. o Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. o Notify community/ water users in advance about likely interruptions in water supply. o Provide alternate sources of clean water until water supply is restored.

135. Socio-Economic – Employment. Manpower will be required during the 24-months construction stage. This can result in generation of temporary employment and increase in local revenue. Thus, potential impact is positive and long-term. The construction contractor will be required to:

o Employ local labour force to the maximum extent; o Secure construction materials from local market.

136. Occupational Health and Safety. Workers need to be mindful of the occupational hazards which can arise from working in height and excavation works. Potential impacts are negative and long-term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

o Comply with all national, state and local labour laws (see Appendix 7); o IFC’s General EHS Guidelines4 and Sector Specific (Water and Sanitation) Guidelines5 o A detailed guidance for Safety from COVID-19 Pandemic during construction works is provided in Appendix 14 - Guideline for Construction work about safety from COVID-19, Pandemic (SOP – Health & Safety Plan). o Develop and implement site-specific occupational health and safety (OH&S) Plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use personal protective equipment; (c) OH&S Training6 for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be

4 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 5 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 6 Some of the key areas that may be covered during training as they relate to the primary causes of accidents include (i) slips, trips and falls; (ii) personal protective equipment; (iii) ergonomics, repetitive motion, and manual handling; (iv) workplace transport; and (v) legislation and responsibilities. Training can provide the foundations of competence but it does not necessarily result in a competent worker. Therefore, it is essential to assess staff competence to ensure that the training provided is relevant and effective. Supervision and monitoring arrangements shall be in place to ensure that training has been effective and the worker is competent at their job. The level of supervision and monitoring required is a management decision that shall be based on the risks 98

followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; o Ensure that qualified first-aid is provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; o Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; o Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; o Provide supplies of potable drinking water; o Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; o Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; o Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; o Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; o Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; o Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and o Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively.

137. Asbestos Materials. Existing AC pipes are laid long back and are presently buried 3-4 m below ground level. Considering the proposed depth of 1-1.2 m below ground level for the new pipes, therefore there is no likely risk of encountering AC pipes during trench excavation works. However, if during implementation if any AC pipes found, because of the health risks these will be left in situ. As part of the project careful planning shall be carried out to prevent any interference with the AC pipes during the construction. Plan pipeline alignments carefully to avoid any conflict or damage. However, as a chance if such pipes are encountered during the construction, exposures of workers to asbestos containing material possess a grave risk. In such cases the following precautions should be taken: o Workers should be made aware to identify AC pipes. o Work in such area should be immediately stopped and the excavations backfilled so that it does not expose others to asbestos risk, o The Contractor should prepare an Asbestos Management Plan as illustrated in the flow chart in Figure 32. o Application of a detailed H&S procedure by the contractor such that equipment and workers who might have been accidentally exposed to asbestos dust are protected (as per international protocols for exposure to protocol.

associated with the job, the level of competence required, the experience of the individual and whether the worker works as part of a team or is a lone worker. 99

Figure 32 : Flowchart for Preparing an Asbestos Management Plan

100

138. Community Health and Safety. Hazards posed to the public, specifically in high- pedestrian areas may include traffic accidents and vehicle collision with pedestrians. Specific areas of concern have been observed in case of laying of Clear water rising main and distribution networks. Potential impact is negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

o Motorable access is to be provided in front of the Hospital during the construction period. In front of school or hospital MS Trench Bridges7 of adequate capacity should be provided with proper handrails so it can withstand the pedestrian loads at these institutions. o All excavation, work areas within 500 m of the hospital and education area need to be closed with hard barricading 2.0 m high. The contractor should also provide cross over point where necessary with MS Trench Bridge. o At sensitive locations particularly where there are schools and markets close to the road, awareness of safety issues will be raised through neighborhood awareness meetings. Conduct noise-generating activities in daytime only and intermittently so that excessive noise may not cause health impact to people. o In other areas confine work areas, prevent public access to all areas where construction works are on-going using hard barricading and security personnel. o Provide warning signs, blinkers to the barricading to caution the public about the hazards associated with the works, and presence of deep excavation. o Minimize the duration of time when the trench is left open through careful planning; plan the work properly from excavation to refilling and road relaying. o Do not allow any stagnant water during rains at site to prevent mosquito breeding. o Ensure appropriate and safe passage for pedestrians along the work sites. o Provide temporary traffic control (e.g. flagmen) and signs where necessary to improve safety and smooth traffic flow. o Where traffic is diverted around crossings, traffic control or careful selection of the exit from the working areas will be provided with the aim of ensuring that vehicles join the road in a safe manner. o All drivers and equipment operators will undergo safety training. o Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities. o Liaise with PIU in identifying risk areas on route cards/maps. o Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. o Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of on-going trenching activities.

7 MS Trench Bridge or wwalkways must be provided for pedestrian traffic. These structures shall: i) have a safety factor of 4; shall have a minimum clear width of 0.51 m; iii) be fitted with hand rails (between 39-in and 45-in from top of deck);and •Mid Rail: centre at 20-in to 22-in from top of deck iv) extend a minimum of 24 in (.61 m) past the surface edge of the trench and v) the deck should be made of slip resistant material and completely drained. The structural requirements of the bridge are as follows; i) Bridge Allowable Loading: distributed load minimum of 50 pounds per square foot (PSF) ; ii) •Point Loading: One (1) 300 pound person including tools per 2-ft of bridge length iii) Handrail Strength: 200 pound point load directed in vertical direction and horizontal direction not simultaneously, applied at any point between support posts; iv) Middle Rail: 150 pound point load directed in vertical direction and horizontal direction not simultaneously, applied at any point between support posts; v) Toe Kick: 50 pound point load directed in horizontal direction, applied at any point between support posts (https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_v/otm_v_2.html /https://www.ntsafety.com/2016/07/21/temporary-bridges- used-for-worker-access-in-excavation-work/) 101

139. Road in the old part / Central parts of both the towns are characterized by narrow roads and some of which are accessible only by foot/two wheelers. Congested area have been identified in Bada Malhera town. Besides impeding the access, the trench excavation and pipe laying will pose safety risks to pedestrians, and the people living in these areas. Though the width (~400 mm) and depth (~700 mm) of trench is minimal, it will pose safety risk, especially for sensitive groups i.e., children and elders etc. and the other pedestrian in narrow streets. Trench excavation in narrow street will pose high risk to children and elders in the locality and precautions will thus be needed to ensure the safety of both workers and citizens especially sensitive groups. The construction contractor will be required to produce and implement a site Health and Safety (H&S) plan and this should include such measures as:

o Provide prior information to the local people about the nature and duration of work o Excluding the public from site o Ensuring that all workers are provided with and use of appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE) o Health and safety training for all site personnel o Documented procedures to be followed for all site activities. o Accidents reports and records etc. o Conduct awareness program on safety during the construction work o Undertake the construction work stretch-wise; excavation, pipe laying and trench refilling should be completed on the same day o Provide barricades, and deploy security personnel to ensure safe movement of people and also to prevent unnecessary entry and to avoid accidental fall into open trenches

140. Work Camps. Operation of work camps can cause temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants. Potential impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

o Consult PIU before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; o Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; o Ensure conditions of liveability at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times (For details Refer Appendix 13- Guidance for siting and facilities in construction camps); o Guidelines to be followed for establishing construction camps / labour camps etc. o Camp sites shall be away from residential areas (100 m), sensitive areas (schools, hospitals, etc. 250 m,) water bodies (500 m) and forests (more than 1 km) o Use unused, vacant lands; no trees shall be cut o Provide a proper fencing/compound wall o Prepare a site layout plan & display at the site; uniformly label (name boards) all the places in the facility o Entire site/facility area shall be provided with hard levelled surface as appropriate; no loose soil, slush, water logging etc., o Living quarters and construction camps shall be provided with standard materials; no shacks or huts o Provide cooking fuel (cooking gas); and a separate safe place to cook; fire wood not allowed o Adequate lighting and ventilation 102

o Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities for employees; drinking water should be regularly tested o Construct septic tanks and soak pit arrangement for wastewater disposal o Wash area, toilets (separate for women); mobile toilets for linear work o Provide clear pathways (for workers/staff) and roads (for vehicles) for safe movement in the work site. o A temporary rest area for workers (for resting in break time, protection against rain/sun, eating etc.) o First Aid o Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of trees for firewood; o Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; o Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; o Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; o Solid waste shall be properly manager – provide separate bins, compost biodegradable waste; sell recyclable waste o Camp sites shall be cleared and restored to original after completion of work, all debris, wreckage cleared o Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and o Confirm to PMU report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

141. Debris disposal. Prior to the commencement of works, contractor shall identify a debris disposal site in consultation with the PIU and adhering to following criteria:

o The site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, top-soil stripping, stacking and preservation should be undertaken prior to initiation of any activities. o Debris disposal site shall be at least 200 m away from surface water bodies8. o No residential areas shall be located within 100 m downwind side of the site. o The site is minimum 250 m. away from sensitive locations like hospitals, religious places, ponds/lakes or other water bodies. o The local governing body and community shall be consulted while selecting the site.

142. The above impacts are typical for construction in urban areas, and therefore are common to the subproject town. These are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. There are well-developed and proven measures and construction practices to avoid, mitigate and/or minimize these impacts to acceptable levels. These measures are given in the construction phase EMP applicable to town.

D. Operation and Maintenance Impacts

143. Operation and Maintenance of the water supply system will be carried out by DBO contractor for 10 years (including construction period), after which it will be the responsibility of

8 In the absence of site meeting the stipulated criteria, an alternate site can be selected specifying the reasons. In such a case, the construction camp management plan should incorporate additional measures specific to the site as suggested by the Construction Manager. 103

Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad. During the system design life (15/30 years for mechanical/civil components) it shall not require major repairs or refurbishments and should operate with little maintenance beyond routine actions required to keep the equipment in working order. The stability and integrity of the system will be monitored periodically to detect any problems and allow remedial action if required. Any repairs will be small-scale involving manual, temporary, and short-term works involving regular checking and recording of performance for signs of deterioration, servicing and replacement of parts.

144. Operation and Maintenance of Pipes: Recurrence of pipe bursting and leakage problems can be managed by the leak detection and water auditing surveys. The ULBs will be required to ensure that the leak detection and rectification time is minimized. Repair works could cause some temporary disruption of activities at locations of social and cultural importance such as schools, hospitals, churches, tourist sites etc., so the same precautions as employed during the construction period should be adopted.

145. Exposure to Asbestos during the repair of Pipes: Since the new network would not have any AC pipes there are no risk of exposure to asbestos during the Operation and Maintenance.

146. Water Treatment Plant. The potential impacts for the operation and maintenance of the water treatment plant are: (i) contamination and/or pollution of the water source; (ii) blockage of the intake structure; (iii) contaminated and/or poor quality of drinking/treated water; (iv) generation of sludge; (v) pollution on the receiving body of water for the filter backwash water; and (vi) risks and hazards to the workers in the operation and maintenance of the WTP (i.e. exposure to chlorine gas, fire incidents, accidents during O&M). The preventive and mitigation measures that the contractor should implement are:

o Develop and implement an O& M Manual of the WTP. Basic information that should be included in the O&M plan are: (a) standard operating procedure of all the equipment and unit operations in the treatment plant; (ii) cleaning procedures and frequency; (iii) responsible personnel; maintenance and repairs schedule; (iv) sludge management; and (v) forms and checklist for routine inspection. o The O&M of the intake structure will include: (a) regular checking of blockage and breakage of intake conduit and pumps; (b) cleaning of screenings and side channels, and (c) monitoring of the water level and flow velocity. For the water quantity, a flow meter should be included in the design to ensure that the environmental/ecological flow of the river is maintained. o Regular monitoring of the treated water quality to ensure that the parameters are within the applicable standards for drinking water quality (IS 10500:2012). Online analyzers for pH (as per International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry), Turbidity (as per ISO 7027) and Residual Chlorine shall be installed and linked to the operation control system. o For the sludge management, the contractor will be responsible for the final disposal of the sludge – For temporary storage a Sludge Storage Tank of 10m X 20 m has been proposed in the DPR. o For the filter backwash water, the design of WTP has already incorporated recirculation of water and no wastewater will be discharged in the receiving body of water o To avoid risks and hazards to workers, the contractors should prepare OHS plan during O&M, including emergency response procedures for chemical spill, fire, earthquake, etc. Handling and storage chemicals should be in accordance with 104

the Material Safety Data Sheet. Also, prepare and implement the safety procedures of handling chlorine based on national and international standards such as the World Bank’s Group General EHS Guidelines and EHS Guidelines for Water and Sanitation. o For the precautions regarding the accidental discharge of chlorine the precautions mentioned in Chapter 8 of the CPHEEO Manual on Water Supply and Treatment must be followed.

147. Since back water is recovered and recirculated in the WTP, no wastewater will be generated from water treatment process. The sludge generated from the wash water storage tank, and sedimentation tanks.

148. Water treatment process will generate sludge from sedimentation of particulate matter in raw water, flocculated and precipitated material resulting from chemical coagulation, residuals of excess chemical dosage, plankton etc; and waste from rinsing and back washing of filter media containing debris, chemical precipitates, straining of organic debris and plankton. Following are included in the subproject design to dispose the sludge and back wash:

(i) Provision for recirculation system for filter backwash – backwash water from filter beds will be sent to a storage tank, and after allowing adequate time for settlement of solids, clarified water will be pumped to WTP inlet. This arrangement will avoid pollution and also minimize wastage of water. (ii) Accumulated sludge from Tube Settler, filter backwash etc., will be disposed-off at sludge drying beds for natural drying. Dried sludge will be disposed off in a land fill or used as soil conditioner if it is suitable.

E. Project benefits

149. During the construction phase, there are likely to be positive impacts through employment generation, increase in local revenue from the project activities. During the operation phase also, there is potential for employment generation, though limited, as the improved and expanded water infrastructure requires additional workforce.

150. The citizens of the Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad will be the major beneficiaries of the improved water supply system, as they will be provided with a constant supply of better-quality water, piped into their homes at an appropriate pressure. The project will improve the over-all health condition of the town as water borne diseases will be reduced, so people should spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health. This should also improve the environment of these areas, should deliver major improvements in individual and community health and well-being.

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VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION

A. Overview

151. The active participation of stakeholders including local community, NGOs/CBOs, and the media in all stages of project preparation and implementation is essential for successful implementation of the project. It will ensure that the subprojects are designed, constructed, and operated with utmost consideration to local needs, ensures community acceptance, and will bring maximum benefits to the people. Public consultation and information disclosure is a must as per the ADB policy.

152. Most of the main stakeholders have already been identified and consulted during preparation of this IEE, and any others that are identified during project implementation will be brought into the process in the future. Primary stakeholders of the subproject are: residents, shopkeepers and businesspeople who live and work alongside the roads in which network improvements will be provided and near sites where facilities will be built (WTP and water tanks), and government and utility agencies responsible for provision of services in Bada Malhera PWD, WRD and Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board. Secondary stakeholder are: NGOs and CBOs working in the area, community representatives, beneficiary community in general, government agencies, the executing and implementing agencies (MPUDC, PMU and PIUs), Government of India and the ADB.

B. Public Consultation

153. The public consultation and disclosure program is a continuous process throughout the project implementation, including project planning, design and construction. Project planning and design stage consultation was conducted at Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad office with elected public representative and people of Bada Malhera town on 19th February 2019 and 12th December 2019 (Refer Appendix 18).

1. Consultation during Project Preparation

154. Institutional consultations were conducted with the Governmental Departments such as PMU, Pollution Control Board, Public Health Engineering Department, Water Resourced Department, and ULB. The project proposal is formulated in consultation with Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad and suits the requirements of the town.

155. Focus-group discussions with affected persons and other stakeholders were conducted to learn their views and concerns. A socio-economic household survey has been conducted in the town, covering sample households, to understand the household characteristics, health status, and the infrastructure service levels, and also the demand for infrastructure services. General public and the people residing along the project activity areas were also consulted during visits to the project sites. At the same time, the communities were informed about the MPUSIP project in detailed along with proposed water supply infrastructure in their town. During consultations, community enquired about the perceived benefits of water supply scheme. During project planning period, there has been consultations on project design, features, implementation procedures, water supply scheme, health and sanitation, formation of GRC, land transfer, rehabilitation of affected households, Possible positive & negative impacts of the project and other environment and social safeguard issues. There is great acceptance of the project as there is only positive impact on the life of community.

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156. Formal town-level consultation meetings were conducted in February and December 2019 in the subproject town Bada Malhera. Besides, other meetings also conducted at ward- level with communities. The details of consultation are provided in Appendix 18. In all 188 stakeholders participated in the consultations (male = 92, female = 96)

108. Summary of Stakeholder Consultation in Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad: During the consultation/s the following queries were raised by the local communities and it was responded by the Concerned PIU and DPR Consultant.

• All stakeholders were very supporting of the project, and promises to extend full cooperation during the construction phase as the activities are proposed to improve the water supply service levels and the living standards. • Stakeholder expressed their concern regarding water charges, affordability, disturbance and loss of business due to the work in market areas, dust, road closure etc.). • Local people should be employed by the contractor during construction work; • Water logging during rains, damage to existing utilities during excavation, disturbance to shops, traffic etc., • Stakeholders also indicated that a public notice on works, and awareness programs to be conducted • Traffic management should be planned and informed to people well in advance of implementation of the works • Excavation work should be carried out in the stretches, so as to cause least disturbance to the local public • Adequate safety measures should be taken during construction work; • Safety of citizen shall be the top priority during network laying. • Physical relocation and resettlement should be minimized. • Utility shifting should be properly planned before execution of the work; • Road restoration should be carried out properly; • Special care is needed in case of any structure comes in the alignment like removal or shifting the sacred trees, temples, mosques and other places of cultural and historical significance (by following the rituals and customs of community concerned). • Septic tanks coming under road ROW or in encroached part, tanks, and other traditional sources of surface water may get affected during excavation which has to be restored timely. • The project team explained the proposed mitigation measures to mitigate / minimize such issues. Attention of stakeholders drawn to the EMP, and explained to them how the construction phase issues by avoided, minimized or mitigated and managed.

157. It was observed that people are willing to extend their cooperation as the proposed activities are proposed to improve the water supply service levels and the living standards. Stakeholder expressed their concern regarding water charges, affordability, disturbance and loss of business due to the work in market area (dust, road closure etc.). The project team explained the proposed mitigation measures to mitigate / minimize such issues.

2. Consultation during Construction

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158. Prior to start of construction, ULB and PIU with the assistance of PDMC will conduct information dissemination sessions at various places and solicit the help of the local community, leaders/prominent for the project work. At each ward/neighborhood level, focus group meetings will be conducted to discuss and plan construction work with local communities to reduce disturbance and other impacts.

159. A constant communication will be established with the affected communities to redress the environmental issues likely to surface during construction phases and also regarding the grievance redress mechanism. ULB/PIU and PDMC will organize public meetings and will appraise the communities about the progress on the implementation of EMP. Meeting will also be organized at the potential hotspots/sensitive locations before and during the construction.

C. Information Disclosure

160. Executive summary of the IEE will be translated in Hindi and made available at the offices of PMU, PIU, Nagar Parishad offices, and also displayed on their notice boards. Hard copies of the IEE will be accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. Electronic version of the IEE in English and Executive Summary in Hindi will be placed in the official website of the MPUDC, PMU after approval of the IEE by Government and ADB. Stakeholders will also be made aware of grievance register and redress mechanism.

161. Public information campaigns to explain the project details to a wider population will be conducted. Public disclosure meetings will be conducted at key project stages to inform the public of progress and future plans. Prior to start of construction, the PMU/PIU will issue Notification on the start date of implementation in local newspapers A board showing the details of the project will be displayed at the construction site for the information of general public.

162. Local communities will be continuously consulted regarding location of construction camps, access and hauling routes and other likely disturbances during construction. The road closure together with the proposed detours will be communicated via advertising, pamphlets, radio broadcasts, road signage, etc.

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VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESSMECHANISM

A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism

163. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is a part of project management that is likely to increase accountability and responsiveness among service providers and provide a friendly environment to the beneficiaries of the project. GRM is considered a tool to measure efficiency and effectiveness of the project as it provides important feedback on the project management. Effectively addressing public grievances is a core component of managing risks under Asian Development Bank (ADB) projects according to the Safeguard Policy Statement (Safeguard Requirement 2: Involuntary Resettlement, Social safeguard and Environmental Safeguard; Pages 49-50, June 2009) – “The borrower/client will establish a mechanism to receive and facilitate the resolution of affected persons’ concerns and grievances about physical and economic displacement and other project impacts, paying particular attention to the impacts on vulnerable groups. The grievance redress mechanism should be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the project. It should address affected persons’ concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to the affected persons at no costs and without retribution. The mechanism should not impede access to the country’s judicial or administrative remedies. The borrower/client will inform affected persons about the mechanism”. The statement allows the formation of grievance redress committee in the project areas to facilitate the concerns of affected people under the project areas.

B. Purpose of the GRM Manual:

164. This document describes the procedure that shall be followed by the Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDCL) under Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement project (MPUSIP) to address complaints or concerns shared by people affected due to project related interventions.

165. The present document intends to provide clarity to project stakeholders on the grievance redress mechanism procedures to be followed under the project. The document provides clarity on how the complaint shall be received, registered, sorted, assessed, resolved and monitored under MPUSIP. This also includes action plans to be followed for effective implementation.

C. Principles:

166. The GRM is based on the following principles and the same shall be used to assess the GRM performance:

1. Accessibility

167. The GRM shall be accessible to all people residing in the project area. It shall be available and provide assistance to all project affected people irrespective of language, literacy level, or cost. Project affected people shall access the GRM without fear of reprisal. Information on the GRM will be disseminated using various means to ensure people know about GRC, its members and procedures.

2. Predictability 109

168. The GRM shall offer clear procedures with time frames for each stage and clarity on the type of results it can and cannot deliver.

3. Transparency

169. The GRM shall operate in such a way that it is easy for others to see what actions are being performed. This will be undertaken through disclosure of all information to the public and affected people.

4. Credibility

170. The performance of the GRM shall enable affected people to accept and believe that the mechanism works, delivers results and is trustworthy.

5. Fairness

171. The GRM procedures shall be perceived as fair, especially in terms of access to information, and opportunities for meaningful participation in the final decision. Its outcome should be consistent with applicable national standards and should not restrict access to other redress mechanisms.

6. Feedback

172. The GRM shall serve as a means to channel citizen feedback to improve project outcomes for the people.

173. It is difficult to avoid Grievances totally but much can be done to minimize and manage complaints in order to reduce impacts.

D. Nature and scope of Grievance Redress Mechanism under MPUSIP

174. GRM aims to address complaints of local affected people because of project interventions in the selected towns (64 towns) of MPUSIP during the project period.

175. MPUSIP predicts public complaints because of the nature of the project during the design, implementation and operation & maintenance stage of the project. In the design phase, people are expected to raise inconveniences with regards to land acquisition, compensation amount, compensation procedure and environmental issues. During project implementation, grievances may come from individuals or a particular group of people in relation to construction related inconveniences such as dust, noise, blocking drainage, damage roads, walls/boundaries of property and its impact on their daily lives in addition to land acquisition, and compensation. Issues related to corruption shall not be considered by the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC). Corruption related issues shall be forwarded to the State GRC (PMU) directly by the Chairperson of town level GRC at the time of sorting of grievances. The structure, functions of GRC, monitoring & evaluation systems and action plan of its implementation is described below:

E. Structure of GRM and its Functions:

176. The GRM will have a three- tier decision making process. The first tier which is at the town level aims to resolve all construction related grievances which require quick and efficient action. The second tier which is at the project implementation unit (PIU) will handle complaints 110 that could not be resolved by the first- tier level and/or grievances related to land acquisition and compensation. The third tier which is at the project management unit (PMU) or state level will handle complaints which are over and above the scope for the first and second tier and/or complaints which could not be resolved by the first and second tier levels.

177. Contact numbers of GRC Chair-person and members, CDO and contractor’s focal person will be placed at appropriate locations like construction sites, ULB office etc.

178. The three-tier Grievance Redress Mechanism under MPUSIP is described below:

1st tier (At Town Level): composition of the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC): • A representative of Chief Municipal Officer associated with Urban Local Body, Chairperson; • CDO of ULB designated/nominated by ULB. • Field Engineer of Project Management Consultants; • Focal person (GRC Person) of DBO contractor of respective town; • Field Engineer of concerned ULB designated by the respective PIU, Secretary;

Major Functions: The major functions of town level GRC is as follows: • Registration of Grievances by the Local person (GRC Person) of DBO contractor of respective town Sorting of Grievances by Focal person (GRC Person) of DBO contractor of respective town and Chairperson; • Forwarding grievances to concerned authorities i.e. Site Engineer for resolution; • Information to the complainant on the decision taken to address registered complaint and expected time to resolve issue; • Resolution of issues emerged due to construction; • Feedback to the complainant on action completed against registered complaint and seeking complainant feedback on level of satisfaction; • Closure of grievances by CDO-ULB or forwarding of complaint to PIU GRC if grievance remains unresolved.

2nd Tier {At PIU Level}: Composition of the PIU level GRC: • Project Manager, associated with Project Implementation Unit (PIU) of Madhya Pradesh • Urban Development Company Limited - Chairperson • An elected member nominated by Mayor in Council/ President in Council of associated • Urban Local Body (ULB). • A Social Worker nominated by Mayor in Council/ President in Council of associated Urban • Local Body • Commissioner of associated Urban Local Body/Chief Municipal Officer or Community • Development Officer/Community Organizer of Urban Local Body. • Community Development Officer CDO-PIU - Secretary

Major Functions: The following functions will be performed by the PIU level GRC: • Registration of complaints by CDO-PIU from the 1st tier GRC and/or affected people; 111

• Eligibility assessment of grievances by the GRC Chairperson; • Information to the complainant about eligibility of the complaint; • Grievance Redress Committee meetings to discuss grievances and action required; • Ensuring collection of detailed information about the eligible complaint; • Assessment of complaint, draw conclusion from discussions and make recommendations; • Develop action plan outlining activities required to implement the recommendations; • Ensuring implementation of recommendations by stakeholders or concerned authorities; • Monitoring actions of the recommendations in view of timeline; • Feedback to the complainant on action completed against registered complaint and seeking complainant feedback on level of satisfaction; • Closure of grievances by CDO-PIU or forwarding of complaint to PMU GRC if grievance remains unresolved.

3rd Tier {At PMU-State Level} Composition of State Level GRC: • Engineer in Chief, MPUDC – Chairperson • Deputy Project Director (T) • Deputy Project Director (A) (Secretary) • Project Officer • Community Development Officer CDO-PMU • PMC TL or representative Advisor

Major Functions: The state level GRC will be responsible to perform the following functions: • Registration of complaints received from GRC PIU and/or affected people; • Information to the complainant about eligibility of the complaint; • Eligibility assessment of grievances by the GRC PMU chairperson with support of the • Secretary of state GRC- – whether grievance is eligible for consideration or not at the state level; • Ensuring collection of required information about the eligible complaint; • Assessment of complaint to draw conclusion from discussions and make recommendations; • Develop action plan outlining activities required to implement the recommendations; • Ensuring implementation of recommendations by stakeholders or concerned authorities; • Monitoring actions of the recommendations in view of timeline; • Closing complaint after all actions taken as per recommendations and feedback to the complainant. • Advise to complainants about approach /appeal to the concerned department in case the complainant is not satisfied or complaint is beyond the scope of the GRC PMU.

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Figure 33: Work Flow Diagram on GRM Step 8: Appeal to the Step 1: Receiving Grievances / State Level GRC Complaints and its Registration at

Step 2: Review of Grievances, Sorting,

Information and

Closure of the Closure

: :

Complaint Step 7 Step Grievance

Redress

Mechanism

GRC Meeting (3 Days) Meeting GRC

: Eligibility andPreparation Eligibility : for

(Monthly) (Monthly)

Step 3 Step

Monitoring and Reporting and Monitoring

: : Step 6 Step

Step 5: Implementation of Step 4: Assessment of the Action Grievance, Meeting and Plan of

F. Process of Grievance Redress Mechanism

179. The following process shall be adopted for receiving complaints and addressing received complaints:

Step 1: Receiving Grievances/ Complaints and its Registration at town Level:

• All grievances, complaints, concerns shall be submitted verbally or in writing to CDO contractor’s focal person or any GRC members – by filling the Complaint Registration Slip and putting into the complaint box placed at construction sites or ULB office. • Received complaints shall be recorded, compiled and Registered (Grievance Number) in a register (database) placed at the ULB by CDO with support of the 113

contractor’s focal person on a daily basis (24 hours). Each grievance shall be given a number to track status.

Step 2: Review of Grievances, Sorting, Information and Forwarding (24 hours):

• Registered grievances shall be reviewed by the CDO with support of the contractor’s focal person. • Based on type of grievances, CDO shall sort out grievances with support of the contractor’s focal person. • CDO (ULB) shall inform the GRC Chairperson about all grievances either by phone or in writing. At that time, CDO may suggest grievances can be managed by the site engineer to the GRC Chairperson; • GRC Chairperson will determine eligibility of the complaints. Inconveniences caused by minor construction related issues shall be referred to the site engineer to resolve immediately or within 24 hours. For example -site engineer shall be instructed to resolve grievances associated with construction at the town such as restoration of road, obstruction in accessing house/shop or any place due to dumping of construction materials, dust etc. Site engineer will be responsible to respond to the complaints immediately. On the other hand, issues which cannot be resolved by the site engineer and if it is complex in nature shall be referred to GRC. • CDO shall receive acknowledgement from concerned authorities (site engineer) on receipt of the grievances shared with them. CDO shall inform complainants regarding eligibility of their complaint and action to be taken by the concerned authority (site engineer/ GRC) within (24 hours). If the grievance is ineligible, complainants should be informed of the reasons;

Step 3: Eligibility and Preparation for GRC meeting (3 days):

• GRC Chairperson shall receive eligible complaints (copy of written complaint document or verbally recorded messages) from the CDO (ULB) and review details; GRC Chairperson may ask to collect baseline information about the grievances registered, if required. • GRC Chairperson shall share list of documents with the GRC Secretary to collect baseline information on selected grievances to be addressed. • The GRC Secretary shall arrange all documents with the help of CDO-ULB, CDO-PIU or the contractor’s focal person in a proper way to present in front of GRC. • GRC Chairperson shall call a meeting as per convenient date and time of the committee members.

Step 4: Assessment of the Grievance, Meeting and Plan of Action (7 days):

• If necessary, the GRC shall consult and seek relevant information about complaint from the concerned parties. • On basis of the collected evidences, GRC shall draw conclusions and make recommendations for a solution. • GRC Secretary shall keep record of the proceedings and decisions taken by GRC members to further track the status as per decided time line. 114

• The GRC shall agree on the action plan required to be implemented according to the recommendations made. The action plan shall include detailed activities along with timeline. • GRC Secretary shall inform to the complainant about the decisions taken by the committee members and expected date of resolution of the grievance. • If the complaint is complex, the GRC may request for additional time and resolution after proper assessment or refer the complaint to the GRC-PMU Level. Step 5: Implementation of Action (30 days)

• The concerned parties shall be responsible to implement action plan according to recommendations of the GRC. • The GRC members may arrange field trip and interact with the concerned persons, if needed before reaching the conclusion.

Step 6: Monitoring and Reporting (Monthly)

• CDO (ULB) shall be responsible to track and record status of all complaints - whether forwarded to site engineer or GRC in the database as follows – Grievance registered, Grievance in process to be resolved, Grievance addressed and closed, and Grievance forwarded to concerned authorities. • CDO (ULB) shall be responsible to report/inform status of the complaints (received, addressed and forwarded) to the contractor for further reporting to respective PIU. • Overall GRC chairperson shall be responsible for effective management of complaints at the town level.

Step 7: Closure of the Complaint

• GRC Secretary shall prepare a summary of the findings and share with GRC members. • On agreement of all GRC members, GRC Secretary shall provide information to the complainant about decisions taken in writing/verbal on the registered complaint and seek feedback of the complainant about the decisions taken. A copy of the letter shall be kept as record with GRC Secretary and CDO (ULB). • Complaint shall be considered closed if all actions have been taken and the complainant satisfied with the resolution. • GRC Secretary shall prepare a closure report of the grievances handled by GRC members and the closure shall be documented by the CDO (ULB) in his register.

Step 8: Appeal to the State level GRC

• In the event that GRC PIU cannot make a decision on how to resolve the complaint, or if a complainant is not satisfied with the actions taken to resolve the complaint by the GRC (PIU), an appeal can be made to state level GRC (PMU) either by the GRC Chairperson (PIU) or complainant directly. • GRC Chairperson (PIU) or complainant shall submit an appeal in writing to the state level GRC established at PMU. • The state GRC Secretary shall register the case in consultation with Chairperson and provide a number of the grievances to be tracked. 115

• The state GRC Secretary shall acknowledge the registration of the grievance to the complainant in writing. • The Secretary of the GRC shall review the registered grievances and collect required evidences from relevant parties to present case to the GRC. • The state GRC Chairperson shall call a GRC meeting to review the complaint. GRC members shall get information about the meeting in advance to ensure their availability in the meeting. • The state GRC shall draw conclusions and recommendations based on the evidence in the meeting. At the same time an action plan shall be developed for implementation with a timeline. • The state GRC Secretary shall communicate decisions of the State GRC to the complainant in writing. The copy of the communication shall be kept with the state GRC Secretary as record. • The recommendations shall be implemented immediately • Upon completion of the recommended actions, the state GRC Secretary shall prepare a report on the closure of the complaint which will be signed by the complainant and state GRC Chairperson. A copy of the same shall be kept for record.

180. The structure and process of GRM is presented below for detailed understanding.

Figure 34: Structure and Process of GRC

G. Monitoring and Evaluation Systems of GRM

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181. All grievances, concerns and complaints received shall be recorded by concerned authorities to be tracked. The status of the grievances shall be discussed in the review meetings organized at PIU and PMU level. The following indicators shall be monitored and recorded:

- Number and type of complaints received; - Number and % of complaints that have been resolved; - Number and % of complaints that are unresolved;

182. The State GRC shall review grievance related data on monthly basis to evaluate the functionality of the system, as well as to note the followings:

• Failures to follow GRM procedures; • Delays in complaint resolution, particularly those that can affect project construction; • Most frequent types of grievances and complaints; • Location(s) producing the most grievances and complaints;

H. Action Plan for the formation of the GRM

S. No Action Plan Time Line A Action required at PMU/PMC A1 Letter for formation of GRC and follow up Pre -construction A2 Development of GRM Manual Pre -construction A3 Orientation of GRC members by integrating with Construction training/workshops/meetings

A4 Integration of GRC topic in BCC – like availability of GRC and its Construction procedure A5 Review of functioning of GRC by integrating with meetings and Construction visits B Action at Town level B1 Formation of GRC at town level and inform to the PMU/PMC Pre -construction B2 Information to All ULB Officials/Public about existence of Construction GRC, its committee members and their function B3 Orientation of all GRC members during visit of PMU and PMC Construction officials B4 Tracking of complaint registered and its status Construction B5 Sharing status of grievances with PIUs with the help of GRC Construction person B6 Training of selected women to maintain grievances at customer Construction service center (Educated Prerak (Motivator) may be considered) B7 Complaint management Operation and maintenance phase

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VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Environmental Management Plan

183. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels.

184. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between MPUDC, project management unit (PMU), project implementing unit (PIU), consultants and contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries.

185. The contractor will be required to submit to PIU, for review and approval, a site environmental plan (SEP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per SEP; and (iv) budget for SEP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEP. 186. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP included in the bid and contract documents. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.

187. For civil works, the contractor will be required to (i) carry out all of the mitigation and monitoring measures set forth in the approved SEP; and (ii) implement any corrective or preventative actions set out in safeguards monitoring reports that the employer will prepare from time to time to monitor implementation of this IEE and SEP. The contractor shall allocate budget for compliance with these SEP measures, requirements and actions.

188. The following tables 19-24, show the potential environmental impacts, proposed mitigation measures and responsible agencies for implementation and monitoring. 118

Table 19: Design Stage Environmental Management Plan Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Impact Implementation Source of Funds

Design of Unsustainable • Discontinuation of current unsustainable groundwater source and These measures Part of water supply source; developing a surface water source (Kathan River) based system by are already project system resource constructing weir, pick-up weir for creating storage and included in the costs conservation rehabilitation/augmentation of existing intake well preliminary • duly utilizing the existing infrastructure like intakes and water treatment & energy use designs. plant with necessary repairs and rehabilitation • Limiting the height of water impounding structures (weir and pick-up

weir) well below the height of the river banks so that the storage is limited to the river course. DBO Contractor • Design of apron to arrest erosion of the river bank of the downstream of (DBOC) to follow, weir and pick-up weir. enhance where • Provision of low level sluice gates to allow heavy monsoon flow freely without any obstruction and to avoid dam silting. possible. • Recovering wash water from treatment process

• Rehabilitation and repair of existing WTP and Treatment and reuse of sludge from treatment process PMU to ensure • Improving the exiting WTP with wash water and sludge management and chlorine safety measures compliance. • Minimizing water losses from pipelines by perfect jointing and alignments using appropriate techniques (HDPE pipes up to 150 mm dia joined by electro fusion couplers using on-site electro fusion welding, and all higher dia pipes by on site butt welding) • Designing the entire system to maintain optimal flow and terminal pressure, and optimizing the overall energy usage • Reducing the incidence of water borne diseases by providing 100% population including urban poor with potable water supplies • Improve water use efficiency and reduce water wastage at household level by recording and monitoring the water usage, and charging the consumers as per usage; due consideration to urban poor • Minimize unaccounted for water (UFW) losses using district metered area approach with flow meter and pressure logging arrangements to identify and rectify the leaks, and unauthorized connections • Using low-noise and energy efficient pumping systems • During the design, construction, and operation of the project, apply

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Impact Implementation Source of Funds

pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (IFC’s General EHS Guidelines9 and Sector Specific (Water and Sanitation) Guidelines10). Water Project • Obtain permission from Water resources department, GoMP for water PMU & Bada No costs; abstraction sustainability abstraction and construction of weir and pick-up weir across Kathan River Malhera Nagar scope of from Kathan & water use prior to start of works. Parishad, IA River for conflicts Bada Malhera town WSS

Construction Safety of • Assess the stability and safety of the low level road bridges located in the PMU and DBO No costs; and operation existing road downstream, and take necessary precautions to ensure safety of due to Contractor scope of release of water from weir during operation of weir bridge on the IA downstream • Rik of bridge submergence due to water impoundment of downstream weir, and water releases from upstream weir should be assessed, and side (135 m necessary measures should be incorporated in the detailed design, and away) and operation safety of road • Coordinate with respective road agency (PWD) users

Waste Environmental • Obtain consent from MPPCB for existing WTP at Bada Malhera prior to PMU / Nagar No costs; generation pollution start of repair and rehabilitation works Parishad; DBOC scope of from WTP to prepare IA & DBO operations application, and assist as required

Chlorine Chlorine o Provide the following measure at the chlorine application unit: These measures Project

9https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 10 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Impact Implementation Source of Funds usage as handling & o Chlorine neutralization pit with a lime slurry feeder are already Costs disinfectant at application o Proper ventilation, lighting, entry and exit facilities included in the o WTP risk – health & Facility for isolation in the event of major chlorine leakage (if needed) preliminary o Continuous monitoring and detection of leaks safety risk to designs. o Personal protection and safety equipment for the operators in the workers and chlorine plant DBOC to follow, general public o Provide training to the staff in safe handling and application of chlorine; this shall be included in the contract of Chlorinator supplier enhance where o Supplier of Chlorinator equipment shall provide standard operating possible. manual for safe operation and as well as maintenance and repairs; preferably these shall be provided both in English and Hindi PMU to ensure Languages compliance. o Develop procedures for handling of emergencies and provide training to the employees. Corrective Non- • Provide backwash recirculation facility – this will not only improve These measures Project actions at the compliance environmental performance but also minimizes raw water intake are already Costs existing WTP • If the above is not feasible for technical reasons, then a simple included in the to ensure sedimentation pond/tank of adequate capacity will be developed within the preliminary compliance WTP campus; back will be sent this tank, where the impurities will be designs. with ADB settled, and only clarified water will be disposed. The sludge from this tank SPS 2009 will be periodically removed and dried in sludge drying beds, and disposed DBOC to follow, and GoI off. enhance where regulatory • Creation of sludge collection, drying and disposal system possible. framework • Proper & safe facility for handling and storing chemicals used in treatment process (alum, bleaching powder, chlorine etc.,) including provision of personal protection equipment PMU to ensure • Training for the workers in safe operation of WTP compliance.

Procurement Procurement • No transformer shall be procured under MPUSIP which contains biphenyl DBO Contractor / Project of Material of Hazardous • The Bid Document should clearly state this condition. PMU Costs material (Biphenyl)

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Table 20: Pre-Construction State Environmental Management Plan Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds EMP Unsatisfactory • Appoint EHS supervisor and DBO contractor in • Ensure that all Cost for Implementation compliance to designate site safety steward collaboration with pre-construction implementation & reporting EMP (among the technical staff) at PIU and with activities are of mitigation approval of PMU each site to take care of EHS complete prior to measures issues on site on day-to-day start of responsibility basis under the guidance of construction work EHS supervisor. • Ensure timely of contractor. • Ensure that all pre-construction submission of activities are complete prior to monitoring start of construction work reports • Updated IEE / site specific EMP will be submitted • Ensure timely submission of monitoring reports • “Works cannot be commenced until the contractor submits Site-specific Health and Safety Plan including Health and Safety COVID-19 Plan (HSCOVID 19) and PIU/PMU approves” Utilities Telephone • Identify and include locations DBO Contractor in • List of affected Project costs – lines, electric and operators of these utilities collaboration with utilities and general poles and in the detailed design PIU and with operators; construction wires, water practice documents to prevent approval of PMU • Bid document to lines within unnecessary disruption of include proposed services during construction requirement for a project area phase; and contingency plan • Require construction for service contractors to prepare a interruptions contingency plan to include (example actions to be taken in case of provision of water unintentional interruption of if disruption is services. more than 24 • Require contractors to prepare hours), waste management

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds spoils (waste) management plan and traffic plan (Appendix 10) and traffic management management plan (Appendix 9) plan Construction Conflicts with • The Guidelines of Construction DBO Contractor to • List of selected Project costs – work camps, local Camps mentions guidelines for finalize locations in sites for general stockpile community; siting of Construction Camp. consultation and construction work construction areas, storage disruption to practice This should be strictly approval of PIU camps, hot mix areas, and traffic flow and maintained. plants, stockpile disposal areas. sensitive • Prioritize barren, waste, areas, storage receptors infertile, vacant lands within the areas, and area, disposal areas. • Shall not be located in • Written consent productive agricultural lands, of landowner/s water bodies, natural drainage (not lessee/s) channels, flood plains & groundwater recharge areas, forests, vegetative lands, etc. • Prioritize areas within or nearest possible vacant space in the project location; • If it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, consider sites that will not promote instability flooding and result in destruction of property, natural drainage, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems; • For private lands, obtain land owner’s (not lessees) written consent; indicate the requirement for reinstatement to original • Do not consider residential areas; • Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds water body which will inconvenience the community. • For excess spoil disposal, ensure (a) site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, written consent from landowners (not lessees) will be obtained; (b) debris disposal site shall be at least 200 m away from surface water bodies; (c) no residential areas shall be located within 50 m downwind side of the site; and (d) site is minimum 250 m away from sensitive locations like settlements, ponds/lakes or other water bodies. • Document site’s pre-project conditions Sources of Extraction of • To prevent the adverse effect DBO Contractor to • List of approved Part of project Materials materials can from the sourcing of quarry prepare list of quarry sites and costs disrupt natural material required i.e. sand and approved quarry sources of land contours stone aggregate, the following sites and sources materials; measures will be adopted in and vegetation of materials with MPUSIP: resulting in • Prioritize sites already permitted the approval of PIU accelerated by the Department of Mines and erosion, Geology disturbance in • The material will be procured natural from existing quarries which drainage have valid Environmental Clearance by the State patterns, Environmental Appraisal ponding and Committee/ State water logging, Environmental Appraisal and water Authority.

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds pollution. • Further as a contractual obligation the Contractor is required to submit the Environmental Clearance certificate and the latest copy of the six-monthly Compliance Report submitted by the Quarry to MPPCB to the PIU before the procurement of the material. Contractor to submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation on material obtained from each source (quarry/ borrow pit). • However, if the Contractor opens a new quarry he has to obtain the environmental clearance and submit the same to the PIU before extracting any material from the quarry/sand mine. • Submit to MPUDC on a monthly basis report of the quantity of material procured/extracted from each quarry • If additional quarries will be required after construction is started, inform construction contractor to obtain a written approval from PIU. • Maintain a construction material register at the site • A monthly report will be submitted to PIU on construction material quantity (sources-wise) • All clearance/license copies of quarries / borrow areas are

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds provided to PIU for prior approval Consents, Failure to • Obtain all necessary consents, PIU and PMU • Incorporated in No cost permits, obtain permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. final design and required. Cost clearances, necessary prior to award of civil works. communicated to of obtaining all consents, NOCs, etc. consents, • Ensure that all necessary contractors. approvals for construction to be permits, permits, NOCs, obtained by contractor are in clearance, etc. can result place including in compliance NOCs, etc. to design with labour laws, before start of prior to start of revisions and/or construction civil works stoppage of • Contractor to acknowledge in responsibility works writing to PIU and provide of PIU. report on compliance all obtained consents, permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. • Copies of all permission / approvals are submitted to PIU prior to start of work • Include in detailed design drawings and documents all conditions and provisions if necessary Asbestos Health risk due • Obtain details from PHED/NPs DBO Contractor in • Detailed No cost Cement Pipes to exposure to on location of underground AC coordination with construction required. asbestos pipes PIU and PMC drawings materials • Contractor should prepare a showing Mitigation detailed survey with the alignment of AC measures are assistance of PHED and /NP pipes part of TOR of on the presence of existing PIU and AC pipes in the distribution network or on areas which PMDSC involve pipe laying activities. In the final IEE, a map showing the exact location of the AC pipes should be provided.

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds • Locate the new pipe/sewer carefully to avoid encountering AC pipes • All AC pipes will be left in situ and untouched. New pipes will be placed next to AC pipes. • In the event, that the asbestos fibers from AC pipes were accidentally disturbed/ exposed, the contractor should also prepare SOP for handling the AC pipes. • Safe disposal and precaution will be taken as per the USEPA https://www.epa.gov/asbes tos/safe-work-practices Guidelines to Establishing • Camp sites shall be away from DBO Contractor to • List of selected Project costs – be followed for construction residential areas (100 m), finalize locations in sites for general establishing camps / labour sensitive areas (schools, consultation and construction work construction construction camps practice hospitals, etc. 250 m,) water approval of PIU camps/labour camps / labour bodies (500 m) and forests camps camps (more than 1 km) • Use unused, vacant lands; no trees shall be cut • Provide a proper fencing/compound wall • Prepare a site layout plan & display at the site; uniformly label (name boards) all the places in the facility • Entire site/facility area shall be provided with hard leveled surface as appropriate; no loose soil, slush, water logging etc.,

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds • Living quarters and construction camps shall be provided with standard materials; no shacks or huts • Adequate lighting and ventilation • Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities; drinking water should be regularly tested • Provide clear pathways for safe movement • Provide cooking fuel (cooking gas); and a separate safe place to cook; fire wood not allowed • Construct septic tanks and soak pit arrangement for wastewater disposal • Solid waste shall be properly manager – provide separate bins, compost biodegradable waste; sell recyclable waste • Camp sites shall be cleared and restored to original after completion of work, all debris, wreckage cleared Work site • Provide a proper DBO Contractor • Provide a proper Project costs – management fencing/compound wall fencing/compoun general • Prepare a site layout plan & d wall construction display at the site; uniformly practice label (name boards) all the places in the facility • Entire site/facility area shall be provided with hard leveled surface as appropriate; no loose soil, slush, water logging

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Impact Implementation Mitigation Source of Funds etc., • Provide clear pathways (for workers/staff) and roads (for vehicles) for safe movement in the work site Worker • A temporary rest area for DBO Contractor • Provide basic Project costs – amenities at all workers (for resting in break facilities for site general work sites time, protection against worker construction rain/sun, eating etc.) practice • Drinking water • Wash area, toilets (separate for women); mobile toilets for linear work • Septic tank and soak pits for waste disposal • First aid

Table 21: Construction Stage Environmental Management Plan Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds EMP Irreversible • Project manager, staff and all key DBO Certificate of Completion Cost of EMP Implementation impact to the workers will be required to Contractor (Safeguards Implementation Training environment, undergo training on EMP Compliance Orientation) Orientation workers, and implementation including Training to spoils/waste management, community Posting of EMP at contractor is Standard operating procedures worksites (SOP) for construction works; responsibility of occupational health and safety PMU. (OH&S), core labor laws, applicable environmental laws, etc. Other costs prior to start of work responsibility of contractor.

Air Quality Emissions from Vehicle emissions; DBO • Location of Cost for construction • Fit all heavy equipment, and stockpiles; implementation

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds vehicles, machinery with air pollution control Contractor • Complaints from of mitigation equipment, and devices which are operating sensitive receptors; measures machinery used correctly; all the vehicle shall meet • Heavy equipment responsibility of the emission norms and shall have for installation of and machinery with contractor. valid pollution under control (PUC) air pollution control pipelines certificate (Appendix 3) devices; resulting to • Pollution under control (PUC) • Pollution under dusts and certificate will be obtained for all control certificate increase in vehicles, equipment, and records concentration of maintained vehicle-related Dust Control; pollutants such • Dust screen will be provided around work sites (OHT and WTP, as carbon intake etc.) monoxide, sulfur • Loose soil on work sites, vehicle oxides, and worker movement areas will particulate be properly rammed and stabilized matter, nitrous to minimize dust generation; it will oxides, and be ensured that no loose soil hydrocarbons. surface at working places • Access to work area will be controlled; unnecessary movement of vehicles, workers and public in work areas will be controlled to minimize soil disturbance • Prior to any leveling or earth moving activity, water will be sprinkled to avoid dust • Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled material on site by water sprinkling; • Water will be sprinkled adequately (at least daily 3 times in dry weather) to maintain surface in stabilized and damp condition • Material stocks will be covered with tarpaulins/covers at the sites

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds • Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; • Loose material from trucks will be unloaded in a barricaded area and with water sprinkling • Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site • Disallow access in the work area except workers to limit soil disturbance and prevent access by barricading and security personnel Dust control from pipeline works; • Construction area will be barricaded on both sides using hard barricades of 2m height • Site clearance and excavation work will be commenced only after barricading the site • Works and all associated activities (material, soil, debris, equipment, machinery) will be confined to barricaded area • Excavated soil storage will be removed from the site immediately & stored/disposed at identified site • Work will be undertaken section wise (100-500 m) at various places; these sections will be demarcated and barricaded and trench filled • Work will be conducted work sequentially - excavation, pipe laying, backfilling; testing section- wise (for a minimum length as

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds possible) so that backfilling, stabilization of soil can be done • Excavated soil will be removed section-wise, and used for filling the previous section, this is to avoid stocking of excavated soil • Road restoration will be taken up immediately after backfilling by proper consolidation • Conduct air quality monitoring as per the monitoring plan Surface water Water pollution / • No earthwork will be conducted DBO • Areas for stockpiles, Cost for quality works in rainy during rainy season Contractor storage of fuels and implementation season, • All earthworks be conducted lubricants and waste of mitigation Mobilization of during the dry season to prevent materials; measures the problem of soil run-off during • Records of surface settled silt responsibility of monsoon season; water quality materials, and • Avoid stockpiling of earth fill inspection; contractor. chemical especially during the monsoon • Effectiveness of contamination season unless covered by water management from fuels and tarpaulins or plastic sheets; measures; lubricants during • Prioritize re-use of excess spoils • No visible installation of and materials in the construction degradation to pipelines can works. If spoils will be disposed, nearby drainages, only designated disposal areas nallahs or water contaminate shall be used; bodies due to civil nearby surface • Disposal sites will be selected prior works water quality. to start of construction following the EMP guidelines • Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and • Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies to control water pollution;

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds • Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; • Temporary drains or bunds will be created around the periphery of work area to avoid flooding, and entry of runoff • Accumulated water in work areas / excavated pits will be pumped to a temporary ponds / sedimentation basins; only clarified water will be disposed into drains • Safety measures will be undertaken to avoid any risk of collapse due to water entry • Install Bio-Toilets in all worksites especially in Urban Areas and Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Weir & Pick-up Pollution of • Select a construction methodology DBO • No visible Cost for Weir setup River/dams due that is least disturbing, and contractor degradation to implementation works in to weir and Pick- appropriate for the in-situ soil nearby drainages, of mitigation Kathan River up weir condition, and able to complete the nallahs or water measures construction work prior to onset of bodies due to civil construction responsibility of monsoon works • Schedule the construction works in • water quality contractor.

river bed during summer where monitoring results there is no flow / low water level period – late winter months to pre monsoon (February – June/July); ensure that works are completed during the same period to prior to onset of monsoon; confirm with dam authorities on release of water; avoid scheduling the works during water release period.

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds • Do not disturb river bed except the actual work area; no equipment, machinery shall be operated outside the work area • Erect temporary barriers to form enclosed construction area with least disturbance • Allow adequate time settle the distributed solids to prior to pumping out water; only clear/clarified water shall be pumped back into the reservoir; any silt laden water should be pumped to a silt pond • Avoid/minimize use of fuels, chemicals and lubricants; ensure no spillage • Clean up the area after the completion & prior to the onset of monsoon flow Noise Levels Increase in • Noisy works will be avoided in the DBO • Complaints from Cost for noise level due night Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation to earth-moving • Plan activities in consultation with • Use of silencers in of mitigation and excavation PIU so that activities with the noise-producing measures greatest potential to generate equipment and equipment, and responsibility of noise are conducted during sound barriers; the periods of the day which will result • Equivalent day and contractor. transportation of in least disturbance; night time noise equipment, • Horns should not be used unless it levels materials, and is necessary to warn other road people users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; • Drivers will be trained to avoid usage of horns unnecessarily • Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimize sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and • Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. • Before undertaking work with heavy noise/vibration, surrounding area / buildings will be surveyed to identify any old / sensitive buildings at risk, and necessary precautions will be taken to avoid any risk • Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; • Noisy works will not be conducted near sensitive places (hospitals, schools, etc.,) and at sensitive times (festivals etc.,); works will be scheduled accordingly Landscape and Impacts due to • Prepare and implement a DBO • Complaints from Cost for aesthetics excess Construction Waste Management Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation excavated earth, Plan • Worksite clear of of mitigation excess • All the cut and open surfaces shall hazardous wastes measures be properly consolidated and such as oil/fuel construction responsibility of protected with surface pitching • Worksite clear of any materials, and /grass turfing etc. as appropriate to excess excavated contractor. solid waste such avoid any surface erosion earth, excess as removed • Excess soil / debris will be utilized construction concrete, wood, in construction / useful purposes to materials, and solid packaging avoid disposal waste such as • Excess soils/debris will be removed concrete,

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds materials, empty removed from site on regular basis wood, packaging containers, to avoid stockpiling at site materials, empty spoils, oils, • Disposal site will be identified prior containers lubricants, and to start of work following EMP guidelines other similar • Stockpiles, lubricants, fuels, and items. other materials should be located away from steep slopes and water bodies; • Avoid stockpiling any excess spoils. Excess excavated soils should be dispose to approved designated areas; • Domestic waste generated at camp sites will be properly segregated in biodegradable and non-biodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site; biodegradable waste composted in impervious pit at site; recyclable waste will be sold in market • Residual and hazardous wastes such as oils, fuels, and lubricants will be disposed via licensed agencies by MPPCB • Burning of construction and domestic waste will not be allowed • Ensure that wastes are not haphazardly dumped within the project site and adjacent areas. • Sites will be managed neatly; waste collection bins will be provided, awareness will be created among workers, staff in site cleanliness • All camp/work sites will be

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds restored to original condition after the completion of work • Get approval of PIU in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work. Existing Disruption of • Obtain from PIU the list of affected DBO • Existing Utilities Cost for Infrastructure service and utilities and operators if any; Contractor Contingency Plan implementation and Facilities damage to • Prepare a contingency plan to of mitigation existing include actions to be done in case measures of unintentional interruption of infrastructure at responsibility of service specified project contractor. location

Ecological Loss of • Avoid removal of trees and DBO • PIU to report in Cost for Resources – vegetation and vegetation along the roads best Contractor writing the no of implementation Terrestrial tree cover pipeline alignments and layout trees cut and of mitigation planning of reservoirs and planted. measures facilities, however, if this cannot be responsibility of avoided fully, undertake compensatory tree plantation (5 contractor. trees to 1 tree removed) • Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; • If tree-removal will be required, obtain tree-cutting permit and (iii) Plant 5 native trees for every one that is removed. Land use Environmental • The impact due to change in land Not applicable • Not applicable Not applicable Issues due to use will be negligible due to this land use change project.

Accessibility Traffic problems Traffic management / access during Construction • Traffic route during Cost for and conflicts pipeline works; construction works implementation

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds near project • Pipeline work implementation plan Contractor including number of of mitigation locations and will be prepared for each road; permanent signages, measures haul road works will not be conducted in all barricades and responsibility of flagmen on worksite roads at once in a locality; contractor. alternative roads for traffic (Appendix 9); movement will be ensured • Complaints from • A simple traffic management plan sensitive receptors; will be prepared in consultation • Number of signages with traffic police for each road, placed at project and displayed on site; one-week location. prior notice will be provided • Coordinate with Traffic Police for temporary road diversions, where necessary, and for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours • Temporary diversions will be provided as required, with prior public information • Confine work areas along the roads to the minimum possible extent; all the activities, including material & waste/surplus soil stocking should be confined to this area. Proper barricading should be provided; avoid material/surplus soil stocking in congested areas – immediately removed from site/ or brought to the as and when required • Work area will be properly defined, barricaded; minimum strip of land will be used • Material / waste / soil will not be stocked obstructing the traffic, pedestrian etc.,

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds • Trench width will be minimized as much as possible by adopting best construction methods with proper shoring/bracing • Work site will be kept free from all unnecessary obstructions • Public information boards, sign boards, caution boards will be provided along with contact numbers • Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. • Prior to start of pipeline work, information will be provide to the public through media – newspapers and local cable television (TV) services Access to houses/business during pipeline works; • Access to any house, business or property will not be blocked completely, at least safe pedestrian access will be maintained • Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; • Provide walkways, wooden and metal sheets/planks on excavated trenches where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; Material transport using heavy trucks;

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds • Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; • Material haulage vehicles will main/wide roads as far as possible • Transportation / hauling activities will be conducted during non-peak hours (6:30 am to 8:00 am) • Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; • Proper entry and exits facilities will be provided at low traffic places • Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; • Drivers will be trained to drive vehicles in a considerate manner and following all traffic rules For works in very narrow roads; • Inform the local / affected local population / business, 1-week in advance about the work schedule and access restrictions • Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum. • Provide pedestrian access in all the locations until normalcy is restored. Provide wooden/metal planks over the open trenches at each house to maintain the access. Socio- Impede the • Leave spaces for access between DBO • Complaints from Cost for Economic – access of mounds of soil; sensitive receptors; implementation

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds Income. residents and • Provide walkways and metal Contractor • Spoils management of mitigation customers to sheets where required to maintain plan measures nearby shops access across for people and • Number of responsibility of vehicles; walkways, signages, contractor. • Increase workforce in the areas and metal sheets with predominantly institutions, placed at project place of worship, business location. establishment, hospitals, and schools; • Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and • Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. • Notify community/ water users in advance about likely interruptions in water supply. • Provide alternate sources of clean water until water supply is restored. Socio- Generation of • Employ at least 50% of the labour DBO • Employment Cost for Economic – temporary force, or to the maximum extent, Contractor records; implementation Employment employment and local persons within the 2-km • Compliance to labor of mitigation increase in local immediate area if manpower is laws (see Appendix measures available; 7 of this IEE) revenue responsibility of • Comply with labor laws contractor.

Occupational Occupational • Comply with all national, state and DBO • Site-specific OH&S Cost for Health and hazards which local core labor laws (see Contractor Plan; implementation Safety can arise during Appendix 7 of this IEE) • Equipped first-aid of mitigation • Following internationally stations; measures recognized health and safety • Medical insurance

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds work standards such as the World Bank coverage for responsibility of Group’s Environment, Health and workers; contractor. Safety Guidelines (IFC’s General • Number of EHS Guidelines11 and Sector accidents; Specific (Water and Sanitation) • Supplies of potable Guidelines12). drinking water; • Develop and implement site- • Clean eating areas specific occupational health and where workers are safety (OH&S) Plan which will not exposed to include measures such as: (a) hazardous or excluding public from the site; (b) noxious substances; ensuring all workers are provided • record of H&S with and use personal protective orientation trainings equipment like helmet, gumboot, • personal protective safety belt, gloves, nose musk and equipment; ear plugs; (c) OH&S Training for • % of moving all site personnel; (d) documented equipment outfitted procedures to be followed for all with audible back-up site activities; and (e) alarms; documentation of work-related • permanent sign accidents; boards for • A detailed guidance for Safety hazardous areas from COVID-19 Pandemic during such as energized construction works is provided in electrical devices Appendix 14 - Guideline for and lines, service Construction work about safety rooms housing high from COVID-19 Pandemic (SOP voltage equipment, – Health & Safety Plan). and areas for • Site will be prepared and storage and maintained to create safe working disposal. conditions; workers will be • Compliance to core provided with safe work areas, labor laws (see elevated platforms, steps, ladders, Appendix 7 of this

11https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 12 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds walkways /access to work areas IEE) and amenities • Deep excavations (more than 1 m) will be properly protected to avoid collapse (safety measures such as / shoring / safe slopes) • Hard barricading will be provided around deep trenches / pits of more than 1.5 m deep • All necessary precautions will be taken to avoid collapse of trench/pit, and damage to surrounding structures • Proper personnel protection equipment will be provided to all workers / staff; and its use will be ensured • Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; • Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; • All installations will be properly secured from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; hazardous locations will be properly marked • All work sites will be properly secured, barricaded to avoid unauthorized public/traffic entry • Provide road signs and flagman to regulate traffic / pedestrians / road users of on-going trenching activities • Site safety orientation will be

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds provided to all visitors to the site • Drinking water, sanitation, washing and resting facilities will be provided at all sites; separate sanitation facilities for women • Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; • Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; • Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; • Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; • Proper audible back-up alarms will be ensured for all moving equipment/machinery • Provide safety sign, caution, information boards on site for workers and staff awareness, follow up • Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and • Emergency procedures and contact information will be provided on all sites • Accidents will be promptly registered and reported; register will be maintained at every work site • Public compliant box and compliant register will be provided at every work site • Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively. COVID 19 Spread of • In view of the prevailing COVID-19 DBO • PIU Contractor costs Response infection, pandemic, the contractors and Contractor adverse impact workers shall need to take on health of additional measures to avoid the spread of the disease and shall workers, staff follow various guidelines/guidance and community notes issued by the national/state governments and international organizations such as WHO, ILO, etc., from time to time. • Contractor shall prepare a site- specific Health and Safety COVID- 19 Pan (HS COVID-19 Plan) in accordance with the government

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds policy, legislation and regulatory requirements on COVID-19 prevention and control. In the absence thereof, the HS COVID- 19 Plan should be updated in accordance with international good practice guidelines issues by agencies like World health organization (WHO), International Labour Organization, etc., • The HS COVID-19 Plan must be approved by the PMU prior to commencement of works. Appendix 14 provides a basic COVID-19 health and safety plan. • The contractor shall submit a fortnightly monitoring and progress report to PIU on implementation of HS COVID-19 Plan. Asbestos Health risks • Location of existing/old AC pipes DBO • on site observations Cost for Cement (AC) associated with will be identified prior to excavation Contractor & records implementation Materials AC pipes for new pipes • Asbestos of mitigation • Underground AC pipes will be left management Plan measures as it is in the ground without • Reporting of responsibility of disturbing / touching Incidence by DBO • Awareness will be created among Contractor contractor. workers and supervisors on AC • Supervision report of pipes Asbestos • Workers should be made aware to management in identify AC pipes. SEMR • Work in such area should be immediately stopped and the excavations backfilled so that it does not expose others to asbestos risk. • The Contractor Should prepare an Asbestos Management Plan as

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds illustrated in the flow chart for Asbestos Management • Application of a detailed H&S procedure by the contractor such that equipment and workers who might have been accidentally exposed to asbestos dust are protected (as per international protocols for exposure to protocol. • Report the incident to the PIU and PMU • Additional supervision to be provided by PIU/PMU/PMC to ensure works are done as per protocol • Report the incidence of asbestos and its management to ADB as part of the SEMR. Community Traffic accidents • Plan routes to avoid times of peak- DBO • Traffic Management Cost for Health and and vehicle pedestrian activities. Contractor Plan; implementation Safety. collision with • Liaise with PIU/ULB in identifying • Complaints from of mitigation pedestrians high-risk areas on route sensitive receptors measures cards/maps. during material responsibility of • Maintain regularly the vehicles and and waste use of manufacturer-approved contractor. transportation parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. • Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of on-going trenching activities. Safety of Trench • Provide prior information to the DBO • Complaints from Cost for sensitive excavation in in local people about the nature and Contractor neighbourhood and implementation groups narrow streets duration of work monitoring of of mitigation (children, will pose high • Conduct awareness program on accidents measures

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds elders etc.) risk to children safety during the construction work responsibility of and others and elders in the • Undertake the construction work contractor. pedestrians in locality stretch-wise; excavation, pipe narrow streets laying and trench refilling should be completed on the same day • Provide barricades, and deploy security personnel to ensure safe movement of people and also to prevent unnecessary entry and to avoid accidental fall into open trenches Work Camps Temporary air • Consult with PIU before locating DBO • Complaints from Cost for and worksites and noise project offices, sheds, and Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation pollution from construction plants; • Drinking water and of mitigation machine • Minimize removal of vegetation sanitation facilities measures and disallow cutting of trees; for employees operation, water responsibility of • Provide drinking water, water for pollution from other uses, and sanitation facilities contractor. storage and use for employees; of fuels, oils, • Ensure conditions of livability at solvents, and work camps are maintained at the lubricants highest standards possible at all times; Unsanitary and • Prohibit employees from poaching poor living wildlife and cutting of trees for conditions for firewood; • Train employees in the storage workers and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; • Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; • Manage solid waste according to the preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas;

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds • Ensure unauthorized persons specially children are not allowed in any worksite at any given time. Establishing Guidelines to be • Camp sites shall be away from DBO • Complaints from Cost for construction followed for residential areas (100 m), sensitive Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation camps / labour establishing areas (schools, hospitals, etc. 250 • Drinking water and of mitigation camps construction m,), water bodies (500 m) and sanitation facilities measures forests (more than 1 km) for employees camps / labour responsibility of • Use unused, vacant lands; no camps trees shall be cut contractor. • Provide a proper fencing/compound wall • Prepare a site layout plan & display at the site; uniformly label (name boards) all the places in the facility • Entire site/facility area shall be provided with hard leveled surface as appropriate; no loose soil, slush, water logging etc., • Living quarters and construction camps shall be provided with standard materials; no shacks or huts • Adequate lighting and ventilation • Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities; drinking water should be regularly tested • Provide clear pathways for safe movement • Provide cooking fuel (cooking gas); and a separate safe place to cook; fire wood not allowed • Construct septic tanks and soak pit arrangement for wastewater

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds disposal • Solid waste shall be properly manager – provide separate bins, compost biodegradable waste; sell recyclable waste • Camp sites shall be cleared and restored to original after completion of work, all debris, wreckage cleared Work site • Provide a proper DBO • Complaints from Cost for management fencing/compound wall Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation • Prepare a site layout plan & • Provide a proper of mitigation display at the site; uniformly label fencing/compound measures (name boards) all the places in the wall responsibility of facility • Provide clear • Entire site/facility area shall be pathways (for contractor. provided with hard leveled surface workers/staff) and as appropriate; no loose soil, roads (for vehicles) slush, water logging etc., for safe movement • Provide clear pathways (for in the work site workers/staff) and roads (for vehicles) for safe movement in the work site Worker • A temporary rest area for workers DBO • Drinking water and Cost for amenities at all (for resting in break time, Contractor sanitation facilities implementation work sites protection against rain/sun, eating for employees of mitigation etc.,) • First aid measures • Drinking water responsibility of • Wash area, toilets (separate for women); mobile toilets for linear contractor. work • Septic tank and soak pits for waste disposal • First aid Social and Risk of • Excavation work shall be DBO • mobilization of Cost for Cultural archaeological supervised by a person with archaeologist implementation

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds Resources chance finds archaeological training Contractor • Records of chance of mitigation • If any chance find is suspected finds measures during excavation/works, work will responsibility of be immediately stopped, and contractor. report to PIU/PMU and PMC • Stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected; • Necessary action as suggested by concerned authorities will be undertaken • Ensure that construction activities follows all precaution mentioned in the Plan are followed Submission of Unsatisfactory • Appointment of (I) EHS Supervisor DBO • Availability and Cost for EMP compliance to and Archeological supervisor to contractor competency of implementation implementation EMP ensure EMP implementation appointed supervisor of mitigation report • Timely submission of monitoring • Monthly report measures reports including pictures responsibility of contractor.

Post- Damage due to • All spoils wreckage, rubbish, or DBO • PIU/PDMC report in Cost for construction debris, spoils, temporary structures (such as Contractor writing that (i) implementation clean-up excess buildings, shelters, and latrines) worksite is restored of mitigation construction which are no longer required will to original conditions; measures be removed; and (ii) camp has been materials responsibility of • All excavated roads shall be vacated and restored reinstated to original condition. to pre-project contractor. • All disrupted utilities will be conditions; (iii) all restored construction related • All affected structures rehabilitated structures not / compensated relevant to O&M are • The area that previously housed removed; and (iv) the construction camp is to be worksite clean-up is checked for spills of substances satisfactory. such as oil, paint, etc. and these

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Field Anticipated Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Impact for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds will be cleaned up. • All hardened surfaces within the construction camp area will be ripped, all imported materials removed, and the area will be top soiled and regrassed using the guidelines set out in the revegetation specification that forms part of this document. • The contractor must arrange the cancellation of all temporary services • Restoration to original will be documented and reported to PIU • Request PIU to report in writing that worksites and camps have been vacated and restored to pre- project conditions before acceptance of work.

Table 22: Operation Stage Environmental Management Plan Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds

Check for Loss of water, • Effective leak detection and water DBO Contractor PIU and Bada Operating blockage and increased demand auditing to reduce the water losses Malhera Nagar costs leakage problems and inconvenience to Parishad reducing the consumers & general water losses public

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds

Water Impacts on public • Ensure protection of water source quality, Bada Malhera PMU in Operating contamination – health any entry of wastewater into the river Nagar Parishad coordination with costs raw water upstream of stop dam sites should be WRD contamination at prevented. • Contamination of treated water during source and transmission and distribution should be DBO Contractor treated water prevented by quickly identifying, isolating PIU and Bada during and repairing the leak section. Develop a Malhera Nagar transmission system of leak detection and rectification. Parishad • Conduct regular monitoring of raw & treated water and ensure that water

supplied at all times meets the drinking water standards (Appendix 8)

Discharge the Pollution of streams • Backwash water will be recirculating so DBO Contractor PIU and Bada Operating impurities and /drains no wastewater generated from WTPs Malhera Nagar costs other solids • Maintain the mechanical parts as per the Parishad collected due to maintenance plan to avoid any hazards filtration and back wash

Sludge Land and water • Collect the sludge from WTP units, dry in DBO Contractor PIU and Bada Operating generation pollution, impacts on sludge drying beds, and reuse / dispose Malhera Nagar costs health & environment safely as per the design Parishad

Increased in Water pollution, and • Sanitation facilities needs to be improved Bada Malhera PMU To be sewage impacts on public at community level and at the town level Nagar Parishad identified - generation health and to meet the increased sewage demand respective environment NPs

Generation of Impacts on public • Collect solid wastes and dispose to DBO Contractor PIU and Bada Operating waste materials health and approved disposal yards Malhera Nagar costs environment Parishad

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds

Occupational Health, social and • Provide appropriate PPE to workers & DBO Contractor PIU and Bada Operating health and safety economic impacts on training on its proper use Malhera Nagar costs the workers • Use fall protection equipment when Parishad working at heights. • Maintain work areas to minimize slipping and tripping hazards. • Implement a training program for operators who work with chlorine regarding safe handling practices and emergency response procedures. • Prepare escape plans from areas where there might be a chlorine emission. • Install safety showers and eye wash stations near the chlorine equipment and other areas where hazardous chemicals are stored or used. • Prohibit eating, smoking, and drinking except in designated areas. • Comply with all national, state and local core labor laws (see Appendix 7 of this IEE) • Following internationally recognized health and safety standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (IFC’s General EHS Guidelines13 and Sector Specific (Water and Sanitation) Guidelines14). • Develop and Implement site-specific occupational health and safety (OH&S) plan which will include measures, such as the following

13https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 14 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds

• A detailed guidance for Safety from COVID-19 Pandemic during construction works is provided in Appendix 14 - Guideline for Construction work about safety from COVID-19 Pandemic (SOP – Health & Safety Plan). • Excluding public from the site;

Table 23: Pre-Construction and Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & Source of Funds

Construction All work sites Implementation of dust Regularly as required Supervising Part of TOR of PIU, disturbances, control, noise control, during construction; staff and PMC and PMU nuisances, public & traffic management, & checklist to be filled safeguards worker safety, safety measures. monthly once specialists

Site inspection checklist to review implementation is appended at Appendix 16

Ambient air quality 03 locations • PM10, PM2.5 NO2, Once before start of DBO Contractor Cost for SO2, CO construction implementation of (at weir/pick-up weir monitoring measures site, at OHT & WTP Quarterly (yearly 4-times) responsibility of sites and at during construction (2 contractor distribution work year period considered) sites for Bada (27 samples x 5000 Malhera town WSS) per sample = 135,000)

Ambient noise 03 locations • Day time and night time Once before start of DBO Contractor Cost for noise levels (24 hours)

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(at weir site, at OHT construction implementation of / WTP sites and at monitoring measures distribution work Quarterly (yearly 4-times) responsibility of sites for Bada during construction (2 contractor Malhera town WSS) year period considered) (27 samples x 1500 per sample = 40,500)

Surface water 02 locations • pH, Oil & grease, Cl, Once before start of DBO Contractor Cost for quality (upstream & down F, NO3, TC, FC, construction & monthly implementation of Stream of Weir Hardness, Turbidity during construction (12 monitoring measures works in Kathan BOD, COD, DO, Total months period responsibility of Alkalnity river) considered) in river contractor

(26 samples x 4000 per sample = 1,08,000)

Table 24: Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan Monitoring field Monitoring Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & Source location of Funds

Source water quality Near intake point in pH, Cl, F, NO3, TC, FC, Hardness, Turbidity Yearly twice DBO O&M costs River Kathan BOD, COD, DO, Total Alkalnity (pre & post Contractor monsoon) heavy metals & pesticides

Monitoring of quality Consumer end- pH, Nitrite, Nitrate, Turbidity BOD, Total Monthly DBO O&M costs of water supplied to random sampling in Alkalnity, Total coliform and Feacal coliform once Contractor consumers all zones

Sludge quality and WTP Analysis for concentration of heavy metals Yearly once DBO O&M costs and confirm that value are within the following

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Monitoring field Monitoring Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & Source location of Funds

suitability as manure limits (all units are in mg/kg dry, except pH) Contractor

• Arsenic - 10.00, • Cadmium - 5.00 • Chromium - 50.00 • Copper - 300.00 • Lead - 100.00 • Mercury - 0.15 • Nickel - 50.00 • Zinc - 1000.00 • PH - 5.5-8.5 Sludge Disposal WTP As per Fertilizer Control Order 2006 so that it Yearly once ULB Operating Management can be used as Soil Conditioner costs of Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

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B. Implementation Arrangements

189. Urban Development and Environment Department (UDED) of Government of Madhya Pradesh will be the Executing Agency for the Program, responsible for management, coordination and execution of all activities funded under the loan. Implementing Agency will be the recently established Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC), a wholly owned subsidiary of GoMP. A central Project Management Unit (PMU) attached to MPUDC will be responsible for implementing the MPUSIP. The PMU will be supported by Program Implementation Units (PIUs) with a flexibility to redeployment depending upon the implementation requirements.

190. The PMU and PIUs will be supported by several teams of Design Consultants in preparation of preliminary engineering designs.

191. Water Resource Review Committee (WRRC) is constituted to undertake a thorough review of the source when recommended by the Design Consultant in regard to techno- economic feasibility and sustainability especially ensuring climate change resilience, and Technical Review Committee (TRC) to review and approve the preliminary designs developed by the Design Consultants.

174. Program Management Consultant (PMC) centrally located in PMU and with field teams located in PIUs shall be responsible for implementation of the Program. All infrastructure contracts will be procured through performance-based contracts (PBCs) and include build- operate (BO) framework. Based on the preliminary designs prepared by Design Consultants, the DBO (design-build-operate) Contractor will design, construct, commission and operate for 10 years, after which it will be transferred to the respective ULB.

175. Two Committees - an Empowered Committee cum Executive Committee and a Technical Clearance and Tender Committee have been constituted by the Government to be responsible for effective and timely implementation of the Program.

176. Safeguards. At PMU, there will be two safeguard specialists: (i) Project Officer (Environment) and (ii) Social & Gender Offer, who will responsible for compliance with the environmental and social safeguards in program implementation. PO (Environment) will have overall responsibility in implementation of the investment program as per the Environmental Assessment & Review Framework (EARF) agreed between ADB and the government. At individual subproject level, PO will ensure that environmental assessment is conducted, and a project-specific is prepared and implemented, and the compliance, and corrective actions, if any are reported as required.

C. EMP Compliance Responsibilities

177. PMU Responsibilities. PO (Environment) will be supported by PMC, which will be staffed with an Environmental Specialist, and Environmental Coordinators. Key tasks and responsibilities of the PO (Environment) for this sub project include the following:

Bidding stage:

(i) Prior to invitation of bids for civil works contract, ensure that

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a. Water Resources Department (WRD) permission is obtained for sourcing water Kathan river and to construct weir and pick-up weir b. Consent for establishment (CFE) is obtained from MPPCB for WTP construction

(ii) Ensure that EMP is included in bidding documents and civil works contracts (iii) Ensure that the bid/contract documents include specific provisions requiring contractors to comply with all applicable labour laws and core labour standards including: a. Labour welfare measures and provision of amenities b. prohibition of child labour as defined in national legislation for construction and maintenance activities; c. equal pay for equal work of equal value regardless of gender, ethnicity, or caste; d. elimination of forced labour; e. The requirement to disseminate information on sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, to employees and local communities surrounding the project sites. (iv) Ensure that staff required for implementation of EMP (EHS officer) is included in the bid requirements (v) Ensure that EMP cost is included in the project cost (vi) In the pre-bid meeting, provide insight into the EARF requirements, IEE update, EMP measures, and overall compliance requirements to the bidders

Construction stage:

(i) Facilitate and ensure that all necessary environmental clearances/permissions, including that of contractor’s are in place prior to start of construction (ii) Organize an induction course for the training of contractors, preparing them on EMP implementation, environmental monitoring, and on taking immediate action to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation. (iii) provide oversight on environmental management aspects of subprojects and ensure EMPs are implemented by PIU and contractors (iv) Supervise and provide guidance to the PIUs to properly carry out the environmental monitoring as per the EMP (v) Oversee grievance redress mechanism to address any grievances brought about in a timely manner; ensure that records are properly maintained (vi) Consolidate monthly environmental monitoring reports from PIU and submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB (vii) Oversee site closures to ensure that all work / facility sites are restored properly prior to issuing work completion certificate to the contractor

Operation stage:

(i) Ensure and consent for operation (CFO) is obtained from MPPCB for WTP prior to start of operation.

178. PIU Responsibilities. PIU will be headed by a Project Manager and supported by PMC. An Assistant Project Manager of PIU will be given additional responsibilities of safeguard tasks and will be designated as Assistant Environmental Officer (ASO). ASO will be supported by

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PDMC Environmental Specialist and Environmental Engineer. Key tasks and responsibilities of the ASO for this subproject include the following:

(i) Provide necessary support to PIU and Nagar Parishad in obtaining permission from WRD and MPPCB; liaison with PMU and regulatory agencies (ii) Oversee day-to-day implementation of EMPs by contractors, including compliance with all government rules and regulations, take necessary action for obtaining rights of way (iii) Oversee environmental monitoring by contractors (iv) Take corrective actions when necessary to ensure no environmental impacts (v) Submit monthly environmental monitoring reports to PMU (vi) Conduct continuous public consultation and awareness (vii) Address any grievances brought about through the grievance redress mechanism in a timely manner as per the EMP

179. Contractor’s responsibilities.

Bidding stage:

(i) Understand the EMP requirements and allocate necessary resources (budget, staff, etc.,) (ii) Understand the regulatory compliance requirements related to labour welfare, safety, environment etc.,

Design stage:

(i) Review the IEE Report including the REA checklist, category and the EMP, and conduct site visits to understand the environmental sensitivity of the project sites. (ii) Update the REA checklist, confirm the category, and update/revise the IEE Report of the project reflecting the changes /amendments /additions that are effected in the project during the detailed design (iii) Update / revise and finalize the EMP (iv) Provide all necessary technical assistance to PIU / ULB in obtaining regulatory clearances/approvals. (v) Ensure that all design-related measures of the EMP, and conditions, if any, of government regulatory agencies (like MPPCB consent conditions) are duly included in the final designs.

Construction stage:

(i) Ensure that all regulatory clearances (both project related and contractor related) are in place before start of the construction work. (ii) Mobilize EHS supervisor prior to start of work (iii) Confirm with PIU availability of rights of way at all project sites prior to start of work. (iv) Prepare and submit: a. Construction waste management (CWM) plan b. Traffic management (TM) plan (v) Implement the mitigation measures as per the EMP including CWM & TM Plans (vi) Follow the EMP measures/guidelines for establishment of temporary construction camps, construction waste disposal sites, and material borrow areas, etc.,

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(vii) Implement EMP and ensure compliance with all the mitigation and enhancement measures (viii) Conduct environmental monitoring (air, noise, water etc.,) as per the EMP (ix) Undertake immediate action as suggested by PIU / PMU / PMC to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation (x) Submit monthly compliance reports on EMP implementation (xi) Act promptly on public complaints and grievances related to construction work and redress in a timely manner in coordination with PIU (xii) Comply with applicable government rules and regulations

Operation stage:

(i) Obtain CFO from MPPCB in coordination with the ULB, and comply with MPPCB conditions, if any, during the operation phase (ii) Implement the operation phase EMP including the monitoring plan (iii) Submit quarterly EMP implementation report

D. Training Needs

180. The following Table 25 presents the outline of capacity building program to ensure EMP implementation. The detailed and specific modules will be customized for the available skill set after assessing the capabilities of the target participants and the requirements of the project by the ES of PMC.

Table 25: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation Description Target Participants & Cost and Source of Venue Funds 1. Introduction and Sensitization to Environmental All staff and consultants Included in the overall Issues (1 day) involved in the project program cost - ADB Safeguards Policy Statement - Government of India and Madhya Pradesh At PMU, Bhopal applicable safeguard laws, regulations and policies (combined program for all including but not limited to core labor standards, subprojects) OH&S, etc. - Incorporation of EMP into the project design and contracts - Monitoring, reporting and corrective action planning 2. EMP implementation (1/2 day) All PIU staff, contractor Part of overall - EMP mitigation & monitoring measures staff and consultants program costs – PMC -Roles and responsibilities involved in the Bada will conduct at PIU - Public relations, - Consultations Malhera subproject office - Grievance redress - Monitoring and corrective action planning At PIU Part of scope of work - Reporting and disclosure of PMU, PIU, PMC & - Construction site standard operating procedures DBOC (SOP) - AC pipe protocol - Traffic management plan - Waste management plan - Site clean-up & restoration

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Description Target Participants & Cost and Source of Venue Funds 3. Contractors Orientation to Workers (1/2 day) Once before start of work, Contractors cost - Environment, health and safety in project and thereafter regular construction briefing every month once. Daily briefing on safety prior to start of work All workers (including unskilled laborers)

E. Monitoring and Reporting

181. During the detailed design stage, DBO Contractor should confirm PMU the mobilization of Environmental Expert for IEE update and integrating design stage EMP into designs.

182. Prior to commencement of the works, the contractor will submit a compliance report to PIU that all identified pre-construction mitigation measures as detailed in the EMP are undertaken. Contractor should confirm EHS supervisor is mobilized and EHS coordinators are designated for each town for effective implementation of the EMU. PMU with the assistance of the PMC will review the report and permit commencement of works.

183. During construction, results from internal monitoring by the contractor will be reflected in their monthly EMP implementation reports to the PIU. PMU will review and advise contractors for corrective actions if necessary. Quarterly report summarizing compliance and corrective measures taken will be prepared by PMC field team at PIU and submitted to PMU (Appendix 17). During operation, the contractor will conduct management and monitoring actions as per the operation stage EMP, and submit to PMU and ULB a quarterly report on EMP implementation and compliance.

184. Based on monthly & quarterly reports and measurements, PMU will submit to ADB, semi-annual (6-monthly) Environmental Monitoring Reports (EMR). Once concurrence from the ADB is received the report will be disclosed on the MPUDC and PMU websites.

185. ADB will review project performance against the MPUSIP commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB’s monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system

F. EMP Implementation Cost

186. Most of the mitigation measures require the contractors to adopt good site practice, which should be part of their normal procedures already, so there are unlikely to be major costs associated with compliance. The costs which are specific to EMP implementation and are not covered elsewhere in the projects are given below. The total costs are estimated at INR 2.35 million, which are to be covered by contractor costs.

Table 26: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP Particulars Stages Unit Total Rate Cost Costs Numbe (INR) (INR) Covered r By A. Implementation staff

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Particulars Stages Unit Total Rate Cost Costs Numbe (INR) (INR) Covered r By 1 EHS Supervisor Construction per 24 50,000 1,200,000 DBO month contract Subtotal (A) 1,200,000

B. Mitigation Measures 1 Consent for Pre- Lump 100,000 Project establishments & construction sum costs consent for operation from MPPCB 2 Provision for tree Construction Per tree 100 1,000 100,000 DBO cutting & compensatory contract plantation measures 3 Traffic management at Construction Lump - - 100,000 DBO work sites sum contract (Pavement Markings, Channelizing Devices, Arrow Panels and Warning Lights) Subtotal (B) 300,000

C. Monitoring Measures 1 Air quality monitoring Construction / sample 27 5,000 135,000 DBOC 2 Noise levels monitoring Construction / sample 27 1,500 40,500 DBOC 3 Surface water Construction / sample 26 4,000 104,000 DBOC monitoring 4 Water and sludge Operation LS / yr - - 100,000 DBO Subtotal (C) 379,500 D Capacity Building 1 Training on EMP Pre- Lump 100,000 implementation construction Sum 2 Preparation of plans Pre- Lump 50,000 and protocols (traffic construction Sum management plan, waste (spoils) management plan etc., chance find protocol 3 Contractors Prior to Lump 25,000 Orientation to dispatch to Sum Workers on EMP worksite implementation Subtotal (D) 1,75,000 Total (A+B+C+D) INR 2,054,500

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IX. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

187. The process described in this document has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the Bada Malhera water supply improvement subproject. All potential impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction, and operation phases. Planning principles and design considerations have been reviewed and incorporated into the site planning and design process wherever possible; thus, environmental impacts as being due to the project design or location were not significant.

188. Project area mostly comprises urban areas, agricultural areas of Bada Malhera, which are converted to human use many years back. Existing WTP, CWRM, and proposed/existing OHT components are located within the urban area of Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad. Proposed weir, pick-up weir, existing intake (which was built on the bank of River Kathan exclusively for Bada Malhera town water supply), and existing raw water rising main alignment is located outside the town, and surrounded by agricultural areas. There are no forest areas within the town or in the project area. There are no protected areas like national parks, wildlife sanctuaries or archeologically important monuments or historical or heritage places in and near the project area and none of the project components are located in the forest areas.

189. The proposed water supply scheme of Bada Malhera town include design of new surface source based system with nearest surface water body i.e. River Kathan, which flows at about 3.6 km away from the town. The proposed water supply scheme includes construction of a Weir and a pick-up Weir across Kathan River near Garkhuwan village for storage of water to meet the demand of no flow / non-rainy period. Kathan river is not a perennial river. No flow data is available as there is no gauging station on the river. As per information gathered from the locally, river flows for about 4-5 months, from late June / early July to October and mid of November. Flow is normally very high during the peak monsoon months of July and August, and high to medium in the months of September and October. From November onwards, flow reduces significantly, and becomes very low from mid-November, and completely gets dry from the end of January to the onset of next monsoon in late June / July. ver without any storage structures will be able to provide water supply for about 4 months. Hence a weir is required to create water storage for remaining 8 months of the year, so that Ultimate demand of the town can be fulfilled.

190. Considering the height of banks, it is assessed that to confine the water storage to the river course, a weir of maximum height 6 m can be constructed. River banks at this site is 8-10 m above bed level. On the basis of area basin survey, it is estimated that proposed weir of 6 m will have capacity of 0.835 MCM, which is less than annual requirement of 0.92 MCM. Therefore it is proposed to construct an additional weir of 2 m high with capacity of 0.113 MCM. Together, the storage from both the weirs will be sufficient to meet the demand. It is proposed to utilize the existing river intake, which is at the upstream of proposed 2 m high weir site. The downstream weir (2m high) will act as a pick up weir, from where the water will be abstracted via intake, while the upstream weir (6 m high) will act as storage weir. Pick up weir will be filled from storage weir as and when required.

191. The total water demand for Bada Malhera town is estimated to be 2.52 MLD. Considering evaporation losses from the storage, the estimated water requirement of 8 months low / no-flow season is 0.915 MCM. In the absence of flow records, catchment yield is estimated as 145.68 MCM based on the area (1,214 sq. km) and the rainfall. The requirement of the town is just about 0.63% of the total yield and therefore the source is sustainable, and also unlikely to have any notable impacts on the river flow regime. Also, the increase in overall storage

164 volume across the river due construction new weir is will also not be significant. Although there are total 19 weirs/check dams/dams across the river, except Bila Dam, all are very small, and storage capacity is just around 0.5 MCM. Bila Dam is situated 60 km upstream of proposed weir site, and the capacity of Bila Dam is 56.37 MCM. In terms of water availability, the cumulative storage on the river is about 45% of total catchment yield. Creation of new storage for Bada Malhar with just 0.92 MCM of water is unlikely to alter the existing situation considerably. Water storage will be confined to river course, so therefore no impacts related to water impoundment or submergence. Given intermittent nature of river, there are no notable sensitive environmental features. There is no notable, protected or unique aquatic life in the river, and the fish is limited to local common species and aquatic plants.. Low level sluice gates will be opened prior to onset of heavy monsoon flows; this arrangement avoids silt accumulation and also prevents obstruction of heavy monsoon flows.

192. River water quality is suitable for drinking water after conventional treatment and disinfection, and there are no notable pollution sources. Convention water treatment and disinfection which is proposed in the project is adequate to make the water usable for drinking purpose. Permission of water resources department(WRD) is a prerequisite for this project, and this will be obtained from WRD, GoMP, prior to start of works. WRD permission for abstraction from the river is in process. PMU has already discussed with the WRD, and the permission is likely to be issued soon.

193. It is proposed to utilize the existing intake, raw water main and WTP with necessary rehabilitation and repair works WTP do not have proper wastewater and sludge management system, and chlorine safety facilities. Therefore these are included in the proposed subproject proposals to ensure compliance with the ADB SPS. Existing WTP also does not have the mandatory consent from the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB), which needs to be obtained from the MPPCB for rehabilitation and further operation.

194. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the construction dust and noise, the need to dispose of large quantities of waste soil and import of construction material, and from the disturbance of residents, businesses, traffic and important buildings by the construction work. The social impacts (access disruptions) due to construction activities are unavoidable, as the residential and commercial establishments exist along the roads where pipes will be laid. As some of the works are conducted in river, there is a risk of water contamination, river bed damage, etc. Appropriate measures are suggested.

195. Anticipated impacts of water supply during operation and maintenance will be related to detection and repair of leaks, pipe bursts. These are, however, likely to be minimal, as proper design and selection of good quality pipe material shall mean that leaks are minimal. Leak repair work will be similar to the pipe-laying work. Since the new network would not have any AC pipes there are no risk of exposure to asbestos during the Operation and Maintenance. Appropriate measures to deal with backwash water and sludge from WTP is included in the project design. Application and handling of chlorine gas will involve certain risks, and appropriate measures are suggested for safe application. The DBO Contractor will implement the operation stage EMP during contract period.

196. The public participation processes undertaken during project design ensured stakeholders are engaged during the preparation of the IEE. The planned information disclosure measures and process for carrying out consultation with affected people will facilitate their participation during project implementation.

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197. The project’s grievance redress mechanism will provide the citizens with a platform to redress of their grievances, and describes the informal and formal channels, time frame, and mechanisms for resolving complaints about environmental performance.

198. The EMP will assist the PMU, PIU, PMC and DBO contractor in mitigating the environmental impacts, and guide them in the environmentally sound execution of the proposed project.

199. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP shall be kept on-site during the construction period at all times. The EMP shall be made binding on all contractors operating on the site, and will be included in the contractual clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document shall constitute a failure in compliance.

200. The project will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term improvement of water supply systems and community liveability in Bada Malhera.

201. Therefore, as per ADB SPS, the project is classified as environmental category B and does not require further environmental impact assessment. However, to conform to government guidelines, the project requires (i) permission of WRD, GoMP for water abstraction from Kathan river and construction of a weir and a pick-up weir- it under process and (iii) Consent to establish and operate for existing WTP from MPPCB. These permissions/approvals shall be obtained prior to start of civil works.

202. This IEE shall be updated during the detailed design stage by the DBO contractor to reflect any changes, amendments and will be reviewed and approved by PMU.

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Appendix 1: ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist

Country/Project: India/Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement project- Bada Malhera- Water Supply project

Sector/Division: Urban Development & Environment Department/MPUDC

SCREEINING QUESTION YES NO REMARKS A. Project Siting Is the project area • Densely populated? √ Subproject activities extend to the entire town including the densely populated areas. There are no major negative impacts envisaged, because pipeline will be located in unused government lands alongside the existing roads and can be constructed without causing disturbance to, houses, and commercial establishments. In narrow streets, disruption to road users is likely, and measure like best activity scheduling, alternative routes, prior information to road users, houses and shops will minimize the impact to acceptable levels.

As per census 2011, density of Bada Malhera is found 879 Person / Sq.km, that is considered average. Only during construction phase, population would be affected adversely due to excavation, construction. But the impact would be very low. During operation, local of town would be more beneficiary • Heavy with development √ No activities? • Adjacent to or within any √ No environmentally sensitive areas? • Cultural heritage site √ No • Protected Area √ No • Wetland √ No • Mangrove √ No • Estuarine √ No • Buffer zone of protected area √ No • Special area for protecting √ No biodiversity

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• Bay √ No B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause… • Pollution of raw water supply √ There are no significant water from upstream wastewater pollution sources in the catchment. discharge from communities, Raw water quality is tested and industries, agriculture, and soil found that it is suitable for domestic erosion runoff? use

• Impairment of historical/cultural √ Not applicable monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites? • Hazard of land subsidence √ Not applicable; subproject does not caused by excessive ground involve groundwater abstraction water pumping?

• Social conflicts arising from √ Project does not involve land displacement of communities? acquisition /displacement. No social conflicts envisaged • Conflicts in abstraction of raw √ No; the water will be abstracted water for water supply with other only with due permission of beneficial water uses for surface government and allocation of water and ground waters? from Kathan River for water supply of Bada Malhera. Drinking water is priority as per the MP water policy. • Unsatisfactory raw water supply √ Raw water quality is tested and (e.g. excessive pathogens or found that it is suitable for domestic mineral constituents)? use. Bacteriological contamination is noticed, and water will be subjected for treatment prior to supply • Delivery of unsafe water to √ Water will be treated and distribution system? disinfected prior to supply • Inadequate protection of intake √ Not applicable works or wells, leading to pollution of water supply?

• Over pumping of ground water, √ No leading to salinization and ground subsidence? • Excessive algal growth in storage √ Regular cleaning of storage tanks reservoir? will be conducted during operation • Increase in production of sewage √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of beyond capabilities of community water supply is 70 lpcd for the town facilities? where sewerage scheme is not anticipated • Inadequate disposal of sludge √ Not applicable from water treatment plants?

• Inadequate buffer zone around √ No

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pumping and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances and protect facilities? • Impairments associated with √ No transmission lines and access roads? • Health hazards arising from √ Measures for safe handling of inadequate design of facilities for chlorine are included receiving, storing, and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals. • Health and safety hazards to √ Measures for safe handling of workers from the management of chlorine are included chlorine used for disinfection and other contaminants? • Dislocation or involuntary √ There is no resettlement of people resettlement of people for project implementation. • Social conflicts between √ The contractor will be utilizing the construction workers from other local labour force as far as areas and community workers? possible; in case if it is unavoidable, labour camps and facilities will be provided appropriately. No conflicts envisaged • Noise and dust from construction √ All the construction machineries activities? employed will comply with noise emission standards of Central Pollution Control Board. Dust suppression measures such as water sprinkling will be employed • Increased road traffic due to √ Excavation and laying pipelines interference of construction along public roads will interfere with activities? the traffic. Construction material transport will increase traffic within city. Proper traffic management and construction planning will be ensured to minimize the interference • Continuing soil erosion/silt runoff √ Construction work during monsoon from construction operations? shall be carried out with due care so that silt run off due to construction operation is prevented. No construction will be allowed during rains. • Delivery of unsafe water due to √ No; appropriate O&M will poor O&M treatment processes conducted (especially mud accumulations in filters) and inadequate chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine

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residuals in distribution systems? • Delivery of water to distribution √ Not envisaged system, which is corrosive due to inadequate attention to feeding of corrective chemicals? • Accidental leakage of chlorine √ Measures for safe handling of gas? chlorine are included • Excessive abstraction of water √ Water abstraction will be limited to affecting downstream water the allocated quantity for Bada users? Malhera

• Competing uses of water? √ Water abstraction will be limited to the allocated quantity for Bada Malhera • Increased sewage flow due to √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of increased water supply water supply is 70 lpcd for the town where sewerage scheme is not anticipated • Increased volume of sullage √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of (wastewater from cooking and water supply is 70 lpcd for the washing) and sludge from town where sewerage scheme is wastewater treatment plant not anticipated • Large population influx during √ Minimum influx of population project construction and during the construction and operation that causes operation period. increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)? • Risks to community health and √ No such materials are used in safety due to the transport, project so no risk to community storage, and use and/or disposal health & safety of materials such as explosives, fuel, and other chemicals during operation and construction? • Community safety risks due to √ Proper safety measures would be both accidental and natural ensured during the construction & hazards, especially where the operation and decommissioning. structural elements or components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation, and decommissioning? Climate Change and Disaster Risk Yes No Remarks Questions The following questions are not for environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify

170 potential climate and disaster risks. Is the Project area subject to hazards √ Semi-arid zone, unreliable rainfall, such as earthquakes, floods, less vegetation cover. Promote landslides, tropical cyclone winds, more efficient use of water by storm surges, tsunami or volcanic reducing losses and wastage to eruptions and climate changes? counter increased demands due to higher temperatures. Could changes in temperature, √ Reduction in rainfall may affect the precipitation, or extreme events water availability from dam. Given patterns over the Project lifespan affect the priority for drinking water technical or financial sustainability supply, dead storage will be utilized (e.g., changes in rainfall patterns in case of low rain fall years disrupt reliability of water supply; sea . level rise creates salinity intrusion into proposed water supply source)? Are there any demographic or socio- √ No economic aspects of the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g.,high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)? Could the Project potentially increase √ No the climate or disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., by using water from a vulnerable source that is relied upon by many user groups, or encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?

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Appendix 2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

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Appendix 3: Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms

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Appendix 4: National Ambient Air Quality Standards In Respect Of Noise

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Appendix 5: Comparison Between Indian Environmental Standards and IFC Standards

A. Ambient Air Quality Standards

WHO Air Quality India Ambient Guidelines (µg/m3) Applicable Air Quality Per ADB SPSe Parameter Location a Standard Global Second (µg/m3) b Update c Edition (µg/m3) 2005 2000

20 Industrial 60 (Annual) 20 (Annual) Residential, Rural (Annual) - 100 (24-hr) 50 (24-hr) and Other Areas 50 (24-hr) PM10 20 60 (Annual) 20 (Annual) (Annual) Sensitive Area - 100 (24-hr) 50 (24-hr) 50 (24-hr)

10 Industrial 40 (Annual) 10 (Annual) Residential, Rural (Annual) - and Other Areas 60 (24-hr) 25 (24-hr) 25 (24-hr) PM25 10 40 (Annual) 10 (Annual) (Annual) Sensitive Area - 60 (24-hr) 25 (24-hr) 25 (24-hr)

50 (Annual) 20 (24-hr) Industrial 50 (Annual) Residential, Rural 500 (10- - 20 (24-hr) and Other Areas 80 (24-hr) min) 500 (10-min) SO2 20 (Annual) 20 (24-hr) 20 (Annual) Sensitive Area 500 (10- - 20 (24-hr) 80 (24-hr) min) 500 (10-min)

40 40 (Annual) Industrial 40 (Annual) Residential, Rural (Annual) - 80 (24-hr) 80 (24-hr) and Other Areas 200 (1-hr) NO2 200 (1-hr)

30 (Annual) 40 30 (Annual) Sensitive Area - (Annual) 80 (24-hr) 80 (24-hr)

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WHO Air Quality India Ambient Guidelines (µg/m3) Applicable Air Quality e Parameter Location a Per ADB SPS Standard Global Second (µg/m3) b Update c Edition (µg/m3) 2005 2000

200 (1-hr) 200 (1-hr)

2,000 (8-hr) Industrial 2,000 (8-hr) 10,000 (8- 4,000 (1-hr) Residential, Rural - hr) 100,000 4,000 (1-hr) and Other Areas (15-min) 100,000 (15- min) CO 2,000 (8-hr) 10,000 (8- 2,000 (8-hr) hr) 4,000 (1-hr) Sensitive Area - 4,000 (1-hr) 100,000 100,000 (15- (15-min) min)

Industrial 100 (8-hr) 100 (8-hr) Residential, Rural 100 (8-hr) and Other Areas 180 (1-hr) 180 (1-hr) Ozone (O3) 100 (8-hr) 100 (8-hr) Sensitive Area 100 (8-hr) 180 (1-hr) 180 (1-hr)

Industrial, 0.5 (Annual) 0.5 0.5 (Annual) Residential, Rural (Annual) and Other Areas 1.0 (24-hr) 1.0 (24-hr) Lead (Pb) 0.5 (Annual) 0.5 (Annual) 0.5 Sensitive Area (Annual) 1.0 (24-hr) 1.0 (24-hr)

Industrial 100 (Annual) 100 (Annual) Residential, Rural 400 (24-hr) 400 (24-hr) Ammonia and Other Areas (NH3) 100 (Annual) 100 (Annual) Sensitive Area 400 (24-hr) 400 (24-hr)

Industrial Benzene Residential, Rural 5 (Annual) 5 (Annual) (C6H6) and Other Areas

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WHO Air Quality India Ambient Guidelines (µg/m3) Applicable Air Quality e Parameter Location a Per ADB SPS Standard Global Second (µg/m3) b Update c Edition (µg/m3) 2005 2000

Sensitive Area 5 (Annual) 5 (Annual)

Industrial Benzo(o)py Residential, Rural 0.001 (Annual) 0.001 (Annual) rene (BaP) and Other Areas particulate phase only Sensitive Area 0.001 (Annual) 0.001 (Annual)

Industrial Residential, Rural 0.006 (Annual) 0.006 (Annual) Arsenic and Other Areas (As) Sensitive Area 0.006 (Annual) 0.006 (Annual)

Industrial Residential, Rural 0.02 (Annual) 0.02 (Annual) Nickel (Ni) and Other Areas

Sensitive Area 0.02 (Annual) 0.02 (Annual)

B. Ambient Noise Quality Standards

India National WHO Guidelines Value Noise Level Applicable Per IFC For Noise Levels a Standards Measured Out of Doorsb Receptor/ (dBA) Source (dBA) (One Hour LAq in dBA)

07:00 – 22:00 – Night Day Night Day time 22:00 07:00 time

Industrial area 75 70 70 70 70 70

Commercial 65 55 70 70 65 55 area

Residential 55 45 55 45 55 45 Area

Silent Zone 50 40 55 45 50 40

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C. Treated Wastewater Quality Standard

Parameters No discharge Parameters IFC Sanitary standard for WTP Wastewater under national laws Quality- 2007 pH pH 6-9

BOD (mg/l) BOD (mg/l) 30

COD (mg/l) COD (mg/l) 125

TSS (mg/l) TSS (mg/l) 50

Total N (mg/l) Total N (mg/l) 10

NH4-N (mg/l) Total P (mg/l) 2

Fecal coliform Total coliform bacteria 400 (MPN/100ml) (MPN/100ml)

Oil &grease (mg/l) 10

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Appendix 6: Extract From Construction & Demolition Management Rules, 2016

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Appendix 7: Salient Features Of Major Labor Laws Applicable To Establishments Engaged In Construction Of Civil Works

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Appendix 8: Drinking Water Standards

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Appendix 9: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan

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Figure A2 & A3: Work on shoulder or parking lane & Shoulder or parking lane closed on divided road

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Figure A4 & A5: Work in Travel lane & Lane closure on road with low volume

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Figure A6: Street closure with detour

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Appendix 10: Sample Outline Spoils (Construction Waste) Management Plan

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Appendix 11: Application Submitted to WRD for Water Abstraction from Kathan River For Bada Malhera Town WSS

1. Copy of Letter Submitted to WRD along with Application Form 199 for Water Allocation from Kathan River

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2. Water Allocation Form-199 Submitted to WRD For Bada Malhera Town WSS

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Appendix 12: Surface Water Quality Results – Kathan River

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Appendix 13: Guidance on Siting and facilities in Contractors Camps

Siting of Contractor’s Camp

Sites / land types to be avoided:

• Lands close to habitations • Irrigated agricultural lands • Lands belonging to small farmers • Lands under village forests • Lands within 100m of community water bodies and water sources as rivers • Lands supporting dense vegetation and Forest with/without conservations status • Low lying lands • Lands within 100m of watercourses • Grazing lands and lands with or without tenure rights Community land ((Gochars,Thans) which is traditionally used as conservation areas • Lands where there is no willingness of the landowner to permit its use • 2km from Class A and above towns • 500m from any villages

Land Types Preferred:

• Waste lands. • Waste Lands belonging to owners who look upon the temporary use as a source of income. • Community lands or government land not used for beneficial purposes. • non-irrigated lands where the owner is willing. • Lands with an existing access road.

Living Arrangements:

Ensure conditions of livability at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times; living quarters and construction camps shall be provided with standard materials (as far as possible to use portable ready to fit-in reusable cabins with proper ventilation); thatched huts, and facilities constructed with materials like GI sheets, tarpaulins, etc., shall not be used as accommodation for workers

Security:

The contractor shall put in place the following security measures to ensure the safety of the workers. The following measures shall be incorporated:

• The contractor/sub-contractor shall provide Identity cards to all the employees/workers. • Access to the campsite shall be limited to the residing workforce.

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• The contractor shall be responsible for deploying adequate number of guards. However, guards shall not carry any firearms unless authorized by the Client or his representative. • Adequate, d/ night-time lighting shall be provided at all the facilities in the camp. • The security personnel shall be provided with training to respect the community traditions and in dealing with, use of force etc.; and • The rental accommodation shall be provided with firefighting equipment and portable fire extinguishers.

Provision of Drinking Water:

• Access to an adequate and convenient supply of free potable water is a necessity for workers. The domestic water supply shall be made available by the contractor. • Safe drinking water conforming to the IS 10500:2012 for drinking water shall be provided. • Bottled Potable drinking water would be provided to all the employee/workers both at the worksite and at the construction camps. • Every water supply or storage shall be at a distance not less than 15m from any wastewater / sewage drain or other source of pollution. Water sources within 15m proximity of toilet, drain or any source of pollution will not be used for any consumption purpose in the project • The Contractor should regularly monitor (every quarter) the quality of drinking water available. In case of non-compliance with the Drinking Water Specifications, additional treatment shall be provided, or alternative sources of water supply shall be arranged; and • All tanks used for the storage of drinking water shall covered as to prevent water stored therein from becoming polluted or contaminated. • The tanks shall be cleaned at regular interval (minimum every 3 months) to ensure hygiene conditions are maintained.

Cooking Arrangement:

The construction phase will involve engagement of large number of migrant people in the project area for a limited time. Hence, there shall be requirement of provision of cooking facilities (kitchen) as listed below:

• The cooking area shall be separate from the Living quarters. • Places for food preparation are designed to permit good hygiene practices, including protection against contamination between and during food preparation. • The cooking area should be provided with water connections which is fit for consumption. • Adequate personal hygiene including designated areas for cleaning hands and cleaning of utensils. • All kitchen floors, ceiling and wall surfaces adjacent to or above food preparation and cooking areas are built using durable, non-absorbent, easily cleanable, non-toxic materials. • Food preparation area to be durable, easily cleanable, non-corrosive surface made of non-toxic materials; and

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• To ensure that the fuel need of labour in the project area does not interfere with the local requirements, necessary arrangements for supply of cooking fuel to the labour shall be done by the contractor. Clean fuels shall be used in no circumstance fuel wood shall be used for cooking or heating.

Washing and Bathing Facilities

In every site, adequate and suitable facilities for washing clothes and utensils shall be provided and maintained for the use of contract labour employed therein. Separate and adequate bathing shall be provided for the use of male and female workers. Such facilities shall be conveniently accessible and shall be kept in clean and hygienic conditions.

Toilets Facilities:

Sanitary arrangements, latrines and urinals shall be provided in every workplace separately for male and female workers. The arrangements shall include:

• A latrine for every 15 females or part thereof (where female workers are employed). • A latrine for every 10 males. • Every latrine shall be under cover and so partitioned as to secure privacy and shall have a proper door and fastenings. • Where workers of both sexes are employed, there shall be displayed outside each block of latrine and urinal, a notice in the language understood by most of the workers ―” For Men Only” or ―” For Women Only” as the case may be. Pictographic signages can also be used. • The latrines and urinals shall be adequately lighted and shall be maintained in a clean sanitary condition at all times and should have a proper drainage system; and • Water shall be provided in (preferably) or near the latrines and urinals by storage in suitable containers.

Wastewater Generation:

There will of generation of wastewater from the campsite. About 80% of water used shall be generated as sewage/wastewater. Contractor shall ensure that the campsite/s is/are equipped with:

• Septic tank and soak pit for disposal of sewage or with mobile bio-toilets. The toilets and the septic tank and soak pit should not be located near any drinking water sources either within or outside the camp. • The storm water and sewage system should be separate. The surface water drainage shall include all necessary gutters, down pipes, gullies, traps, catch pits, manholes etc. An Oil water separator should be in the drains leading out of the maintenance area. Water passing out of the camp should be passed through a sedimentation tank of at-least 3hrs holding capacity; and • Sanitary and toilet facilities are constructed of materials that are easily cleanable. Sanitary and toilet facilities are required to be cleaned frequently and kept in working condition.

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Solid Waste Management:

The solid waste generated from campsite will mostly comprise of compostable wastes like vegetable residues (kitchen waste) and combustible waste like paper, cans, plastic and some non-degradable waste like glass/glass bottles. Improper disposal of solid waste will lead to environmental degradation and health hazards to labour as well as nearby community.

The following measures shall be adopted by contractors for ensuring effective management of solid waste:

• The solid wastes of domestic nature (especially food waste, waste from canteen) shall be collected and stored separately in appropriate containers with proper covers on them so that they are not littered. • Separate bins with proper markings in terms of recyclable or non-recyclable waste shall be provided in the houses and kitchen premises in sufficient numbers for collection of garbage. • Food waste and other refuse are to be removed from the kitchen frequently to avoid accumulation; and • The contractor shall ensure that the all food waste generated is composed within the camp premises. All recyclables except for the waste which are covered by any other act/rules other than the Municipal Solid Waste Rules 2016. • Roads

All the internal roads shall be paved. The concrete slurry from the batching plant shall be used for paving the roads

Medical Facility:

Effective health management is necessary for preventing spread of communicable diseases among labour and within the adjoining community. The following medical facilities shall be provided by contractors for the construction workers:

• A first aid centre shall be provided for the labour within the construction site equipped with medicines and other basic facilities. • Adequate first aid kits shall be provided in the campsite in accessible place. The kit shall contain all type of medicines and dressing material. • Contractor shall identify and train an adequate number of workers to provide first aid during medical emergencies. • Regular health check-ups shall be carried out for the construction labour every six month and health records shall be maintained. • Labours should have easy access to medical facilities and first aid; where possible, nurses should be available for female workers. • First Aid Box will be provided at every construction campsite and under the charge of a responsible person who shall always be readily available during working hours. He shall be adequately trained in administering first aid-treatment. Formal arrangement shall be prescribed to carry injured person or person suddenly taken ill to the nearest hospital. The first aid box shall contain the following.

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• In case, the number of labour exceeds 50, the items in the first aid box shall be doubled. All the vehicles and equipment shall be provided with a fir-aid box with all the above. The medicines should be regularly checked for the expiry of the medicines. • Information and awareness of communicable diseases, AIDS etc. shall be provided to workers; and • Basic collective social/rest spaces are provided to workers.

Fire-fighting arrangement

• The contractor shall carry out demarcation of area susceptible to fires and put in precautionary signages as specified in IS 9457. • Portable fire extinguishers and/or sand baskets shall be provided at easily accessible locations in the event of fire as per the provisions of IS 2190; and • The contractor shall carry out fire safety drill every quarter and Workers shall be trained on the usage of such equipment/s.

Fuel and Chemical Storage

• License is required for storage and transport of any such product (i.e. petroleum class B) if the total quantity in in possession does exceed 2500 liters in non-bulk (i.e. drums) or 1000litres in a receptacle / tank (i.e. bulk). • Fuel Storage in HDPE drums shall be prohibited because the static energy is stored in the drum as there no conducting media. This can lead to fires int oil storage areas. • All fuel and chemical storage area should be made impermeable either by concrete flooring or by placing an HDPE liner. • The storage area shall be provided with a bunded. The capacity of the bund shall be 110% of the volume of the maximum storage tank • The area shall be covered and secured under lock and key. • In no condition shall the fuel be decanted by tilting of drums. An approved fuel pump manual or energy driven shall be used. • In case of spills Emergency Spill care procedures as presented in Appendix 15 shall be used.

Vehicle Maintenance and Repairs

• Equipment maintenance and refueling sites will be located at least 500 m from rivers and irrigation canal/ponds

The wastewater/ runoff from the vehicle maintenance area shall be passed through an Oil water separation system to prevent any oil and grease into the natural system

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Appendix 14: Guideline for Construction Work about Safety from COVID-19 Pandemic (SOP – Health & Safety Plan)

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Appendix 15: Sample Grievance Registration Form

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Appendix 16: Sample Environmental Site Inspection Report

Project Name

Contract Number

NAME: ______DATE: ______

TITLE: ______DMA: ______

LOCATION: ______GROUP: ______

WEATHER:

Project Survey Activity Stage Design Implementation

Pre-Commissioning

Guarantee Period

Monitoring Items Compliance

Compliance marked as Yes / No / Not applicable (NA) / Partially Implemented (PI)

EHS supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site

Archaeological Supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site

Construction site management plan (spoils, safety, schedule, equipment etc.,) prepared

Traffic management plan prepared

Dust is under control

Excavated soil properly placed within minimum space

Construction area is confined; no traffic/pedestrian entry observed

Surplus soil/debris/waste is disposed without delay

Construction material (sand/gravel/aggregate) brought to site as & when required only

Tarpaulins used to cover sand & other loose material when transported by vehicles

After unloading, wheels & undercarriage of vehicles cleaned prior to leaving the site

No AC pipes disturbed/removed during excavation

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No chance finds encountered during excavation

Work is planned in consultation with traffic police

Work is not being conducted during heavy traffic

Work at a stretch is completed within a day (excavation, pipe laying & backfilling)

Pipe trenches are not kept open unduly

Road is not completely closed; work is conducted on edge; at least one line is kept open

Road is closed; alternative route provided & public informed, information board provided

Pedestrian access to houses is not blocked due to pipe laying

Spaces left in between trenches for access

Wooden planks/metal sheets provided across trench for pedestrian

No public/unauthorized entry observed in work site

Children safety measures (barricades, security) in place at works in residential areas

Prior public information provided about the work, schedule and disturbances

Caution/warning board provided on site

Guards with red flag provided during work at busy roads

Workers using appropriate PPE (boots, gloves, helmets, ear muffs etc)

Workers conducting or near heavy noise work is provided with ear muffs

Contractor is following standard & safe construction practices

Deep excavation is conducted with land slip/protection measures

First aid facilities are available on site and workers informed

Drinking water provided at the site

Toilet facility provided at the site

Separate toilet facility is provided for women workers

Workers camps are maintained cleanly

Adequate toilet & bath facilities provided

Contractor employed local workers as far as possible

Workers camp set up with the permission of PIU

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Adequate housing provided

Sufficient water provided for drinking/washing/bath

No noisy work is conducted in the nights

Local people informed of noisy work

No blasting activity conducted

Pneumatic drills or other equipment creating vibration is not used near old/risky buildings

Signature

______

Sign off

______

Name Name

Position Position

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Appendix 17: Quarterly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer

1. Introduction

• Overall project description and objectives • Description of sub-projects • Environmental category of the sub-projects • Details of site personnel and/or consultants responsible for environmental monitoring • Overall project and sub-project progress and status

Status of Sub-Project Sub-Project List of Progress No. Name Design Pre- Construction Operational Works of Works Construction Phase

   

2. Compliance status with National/ State/ Local statutory environmental requirements

No. Sub-Project Name Statutory Environmental Status of Action Required Requirements Compliance

3. Compliance status with environmental loan covenants

No. (List schedule and Covenant Status of Compliance Action Required paragraph number of Loan Agreement)

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4. Compliance status with the environmental management and monitoring plan

• Provide the monitoring results as per the parameters outlined in the EMP. Append supporting documents where applicable, including Environmental Site Inspection Reports. • There should be reporting on the following items which can be incorporated in the checklist of routine Environmental Site Inspection Report followed with a summary in the semi-annual report send to ADB. Visual assessment and review of relevant site documentation during routine site inspection needs to note and record the following: o What are the dust suppression techniques followed for site and if any dust was noted to escape the site boundaries; o If muddy water was escaping site boundaries or muddy tracks were seen on adjacent roads; o adequacy of type of erosion and sediment control measures installed on site, condition of erosion and sediment control measures including if these were intact following heavy rain; o Are their designated areas for concrete works, and refuelling; o Are their spill kits on site and if there are site procedure for handling emergencies; o Is there any chemical stored on site and what is the storage condition? o Is there any dewatering activities if yes, where is the water being discharged; o How are the stockpiles being managed; o How is solid and liquid waste being handled on site; o Review of the complaint management system; Checking if there are any activities being under taken out of working hours and how that is being managed

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Summary Monitoring Table

Impacts Mitigation Parameters Method of Location Date of Name of (List from Measures Monitored (As a Monitoring of Monitoring Person IEE) (List from minimum those Monitoring Conducted Who IEE) identified in the IEE Conducted should be the monitored) Monitoring

Design Phase

Pre-Construction Phase

Construction Phase

Operational Phase

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Overall Compliance with CEMP/ EMP

No. Sub-Project EMP/ CEMP CEMP/ EMP Status of Action Proposed Name Part of Being Implementation and Additional Contract Implemented (Excellent/ Satisfactory/ Measures Documents (Y/N) Partially Satisfactory/ Required (Y/N) Below Satisfactory)

5. Approach and methodology for environmental monitoring of the project

• Brief description on the approach and methodology used for environmental monitoring of each subproject 6. Monitoring of environmental impacts on project surroundings (ambient air, water quality and noise levels)

• Brief discussion on the basis for monitoring • Indicate type and location of environmental parameters to be monitored • Indicate the method of monitoring and equipment to be used • Provide monitoring results and an analysis of results in relation to baseline data and statutory requirements

As a minimum the results should be presented as per the tables below.

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Air Quality Results

Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location PM10 SO2 NO2 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3

Parameters (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location PM10 SO2 NO2 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3

Water Quality Results

Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN TP µS/cm mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

Parameters (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN TP µS/cm mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

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Noise Quality Results

LAeq (dBA) (Government Standard) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location Day Time Night Time

LAeq (dBA) (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location Day Time Night Time

7. Summary of key issues and remedial actions

• Summary of follow up time-bound actions to be taken within a set timeframe.

8. Appendixes

• Photos • Summary of consultations • Copies of environmental clearances and permits • Sample of environmental site inspection report • Other

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Appendix 18: Stakeholder Consultation Details, Photographs of Consultations and List of Participants in Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad under Package 6K Date Location No. of Participants Topics Discussion Issues/ Concern and Mitigation Participants Measures 20/02/19 Bada Malhera Total = 20 Elected • Background of water supply • Present water supply quantity is not Nagar Male = 16, representatives, subproject, Environmental, sufficient in town. Parishad Female = 04 officials of Bada Social, GRM, traffic safety • Some ward does not get the Meeting Hall Malhera issue, Temporary disruption of municipal water supply accesses and benefits from the • Quality of water is not good. project were explained to the • The prime concern and Stakeholders. apprehension of the ULB Chairman • Status of Existing Water regarding the project was whether it Supply at town. will be a financial burden on the • Proposed subproject Nagar Parishad. components. • Hope local people support the • Environment, Social and upcoming water supply project as it community impact during will be beneficial to the community operation work in all aspects. • Impact on health by proposed • All stakeholders were very project supporting of the project, and • Willing to take new Water extended full cooperation during the connection works • Location of components of • People are ready to take new water proposed water Supply connection in place of old one scheme has been finalized with • People will pay proposed water identification of government tariff. land. • There should not be any water • Potential positive and negative supply interruption during laying impacts due to project new pipe line. implementation Ensuring no • Try to avoid negative impact on the income loss livelihood of local businessman as disturbance due to road excavation • Prevent entry of traffic, public in construction area • Hard barricading shall be provided in construction area. • Control dust during construction by water sprinkling on exposed soil, stock stockpiled material on site

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• Employ local persons in construction work and • Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to workers (like helmet, gumboot, safety belt, gloves, nose musk and ear plugs) for his/her safety • Attention of stakeholders drawn to the EMP, and explained to them how dust, and other construction issues will be managed. It was informed that night work will be explored during construction but may not be possible, however all measures will be taken by contractor to avoid/minimize construction disturbances. 19/02/19 Office of NGO Total = 3 Officials from • Briefing on project objectives • The Officials of MPUDC explained in J.V Sangthan Male = 2 NGO probable implementation details regarding the project and its Female = 1 procedures necessity to the Town • Present drinking water supply . The officials of MPUDC explained the source and its condition officials from NGO JV Sangthan in • Potential positive and negative details regarding the project impacts due to project subcomponent and Route from which implementation the Clear Water Feeder mains will • Land use and area to be pass and there will be no damage to covered under the project the Environment and to any forest • Consultant representatives land due to the Project. visited Bada Malhera Parishad for explaining concept report • The Officials of JV Sangthan welcomed the project and expressed and site visit for finalization of need for it. source and land availability details for preparation of

Detailed Project Report of Water Supply Scheme • 19/02/19 Galla Market Total = 13 Local Shop • Background of water supply • Assured full support during War No. 6 Male = 8 Keepers of Ward subproject, Environmental, implementation. Female = 5 No 6 Bada Social, GRM, traffic safety • During excavation, dust and traffic Malhera issue, Temporary disruption of management assurance given to

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accesses and benefits from the Shopkeepers with the help the project were explained to from local police and local the Stakeholders. shopkeepers. • Briefing on project objectives • Prior consultation / intimation probable implementation before the start of civil works in procedures market area. • Present drinking water supply • Road restoration must be in timely source and its condition manner. • Potential positive and negative • Shop keepers assured their full impacts due to project support to the Project and assured implementation full cooperation during the • Potential positive and negative construction phase impacts due to project • Street vendors and small shop implementation owners got agreed on temporary • Land use and area to be shifting of Haats (to other road covered under the project side were alignment is not • Relevant information of the proposed) during excavation upcoming project and • It should be ensured that their benefits of the project. business is not closed for the civil • Ensuring no income loss works ensuring no income loss • Proposed subproject • The shop owners indicated that components they are willing to accept the • Grievance Redressal project which is ultimately for the Mechanism (GRM) benefit of the community people; • GRC will be formed at town level to address the local complaints and briefed about other levels under GRM

12/12/19 Local Market Total = 14 Local Shop • Background of water supply • Assured full support during & Hatt, Near Male = 7 Keepers of Ward subproject, Environmental, implementation. Bus Stand, Female = 7 No 6 Bada Social, GRM, traffic safety • During excavation, dust and traffic Bada Malhera Malhera issue, Temporary disruption of management assurance given to accesses and benefits from the Shopkeepers with the help the project were explained to from local police and local the Stakeholders. shopkeepers. • Briefing on project objectives • Prior consultation / intimation probable implementation before the start of civil works in procedures market area.

226

• Present drinking water supply • Road restoration must be in timely source and its condition manner. • Potential positive and negative • Shop keepers assured their full impacts due to project support to the Project and assured implementation full cooperation during the • Potential positive and negative construction phase impacts due to project • Street vendors and small shop implementation owners got agreed on temporary • Land use and area to be shifting of Haats (to other road covered under the project side were alignment is not • Relevant information of the proposed) during excavation upcoming project and • It should be ensured that their benefits of the project. business is not closed for the civil • Ensuring no income loss works ensuring no income loss • Proposed subproject • The shop owners indicated that components they are willing to accept the • Grievance Redressal project which is ultimately for the Mechanism (GRM) benefit of the community people; • GRC will be formed at town level to address the local complaints and briefed about other levels under GRM 19/02/19 Ward No. 5, Total =34 Community • Status of existing drinking • The area has insufficient and Soni Muhalla Male = 14 Members water supply system; inadequate drinking water resource. Female = 20 • Need for improvements to • The community willingly accepted present system; the project. • Background of water supply • Majority were very excited about subproject, Environmental, the scheme as either they are Social, GRM, traffic safety fetching water from far, or the issue, Temporary disruption of quality is not good, children also accesses and benefits from the suffer as they also are required to project were explained to the help. Stakeholders. • Assured full support during • Relevant information of the implementation. upcoming project and benefits • Some people are ready to take new of the project. water connection in place of old • Potential positive and negative one impacts due to project • Demand for free water stand post implementation • People were agreeing to pay

227

• Ensuring no income loss proposed water tariff. • The Water Supply Scheme, • There should not be any water SHG (Self Help Group) supply interruption during laying Environmental, Social, GRM, new pipe line. traffic safety issue and benefit • Raised the issue about their from the project were explained business disturbance due to road to the Stakeholders. excavation. • Briefing on project objectives • Control dust during construction by probable implementation water sprinkling on exposed soil, procedures. stock stockpiled material on site • Employ local persons in construction work. 25/09/19 Ward No. 1 Total = 27 Community • Background of water supply • The area has insufficient and Male = 07 Members subproject, Environmental, inadequate drinking water resource. Female = 20 Social, GRM, traffic safety • The community willingly accepted issue, Temporary disruption of the project. accesses and benefits from the • Majority were very excited about project were explained to the the scheme as either they are Stakeholders. fetching water from far, or the • Status of existing drinking quality is not good, children also water supply system; suffer as they also are required to • Need for improvements to help. present system; • Assured full support during • Relevant information of the implementation. upcoming project and benefits • Some people are ready to take new of the project. water connection in place of old • Potential positive and negative one impacts due to project • Demand for free water stand post implementation • People were agreeing to pay • Ensuring no income loss proposed water tariff. • The Water Supply Scheme, • There should not be any water SHG (Self Help Group) supply interruption during laying Environmental, Social, GRM, new pipe line. traffic safety issue and benefit • Raised the issue about their from the project were explained business disturbance due to road to the Stakeholders. excavation. • Briefing on project objectives • Control dust during construction by probable implementation water sprinkling on exposed soil, procedures. stock stockpiled material on site

228

• Employ local persons in construction work.

229

19/02/2019 Ward No. 2 Total = 19 Scheduled Tribes • Background of water supply • The area has insufficient and Male = 11 (ST) Community subproject, Environmental, inadequate drinking water resource. Female = 08 members Social, GRM, traffic safety • The community willingly accepted issue, Temporary disruption of the project. accesses and benefits from the • Majority were very excited about project were explained to the the scheme as either they are Stakeholders fetching water from far, or the • Status of existing drinking quality is not good, children also water supply system; suffer as they also are required to • Need for improvements to help. present system; • Assured full support during • Relevant information of the implementation. upcoming project and benefits • Some people are ready to take new of the project. water connection in place of old • Potential positive and negative one impacts due to project • Demand for free water stand post implementation • People were agreeing to pay • Ensuring no income loss proposed water tariff. • The Water Supply Scheme, • There should not be any water SHG (Self Help Group) supply interruption during laying Environmental, Social, GRM, new pipe line. traffic safety issue and benefit • Raised the issue about their from the project were explained business disturbance due to road to the Stakeholders. excavation. • Briefing on project objectives • Control dust during construction by probable implementation water sprinkling on exposed soil, procedures. stock stockpiled material on site • Employ local persons in construction work.

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12/12/2019 Ward No.2 & Total = 15, Scheduled Tribes • Background of water supply • The area has insufficient and 3 near OHT Female = 07, (ST) Community subproject, Environmental, inadequate drinking water resource. 330 KL Male = 08 members Social, GRM, traffic safety • The community willingly accepted issue, Temporary disruption of the project. accesses and benefits from the • Majority were very excited about project were explained to the the scheme as either they are Stakeholders fetching water from far, or the • Status of existing drinking quality is not good, children also water supply system; suffer as they also are required to • Need for improvements to help. present system; • Assured full support during • Relevant information of the implementation. upcoming project and benefits • Some people are ready to take new of the project. water connection in place of old • Potential positive and negative one impacts due to project • Demand for free water stand post implementation • People were agreeing to pay • Ensuring no income loss proposed water tariff. • The Water Supply Scheme, • There should not be any water SHG (Self Help Group) supply interruption during laying Environmental, Social, GRM, new pipe line. traffic safety issue and benefit • Raised the issue about their from the project were explained business disturbance due to road to the Stakeholders. excavation. • Briefing on project objectives • Control dust during construction by probable implementation water sprinkling on exposed soil, procedures. stock stockpiled material on site • Employ local persons in construction work.

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12/12/2019 Ward No 12 Total = 21 Scheduled Cast • Background of water supply • The area has insufficient and Male = 14 (SC) Community subproject, Environmental, inadequate drinking water resource. Female = 07 members Social, GRM, traffic safety • The community willingly accepted issue, Temporary disruption of the project. accesses and benefits from the • Majority were very excited about project were explained to the the scheme as either they are Stakeholders fetching water from far, or the • Status of existing drinking quality is not good, children also water supply system; suffer as they also are required to • Need for improvements to help. present system; • Assured full support during • Relevant information of the implementation. upcoming project and benefits • Some people are ready to take new of the project. water connection in place of old • Potential positive and negative one impacts due to project • Demand for free water stand post implementation • People were agreeing to pay • Ensuring no income loss proposed water tariff. • The Water Supply Scheme, • There should not be any water SHG (Self Help Group) supply interruption during laying Environmental, Social, GRM, new pipe line. traffic safety issue and benefit • Raised the issue about their from the project were explained business disturbance due to road to the Stakeholders. excavation. • Briefing on project objectives • Control dust during construction by probable implementation water sprinkling on exposed soil, procedures. stock stockpiled material on site • Employ local persons in construction work.

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12/12/2019 Ward No. 15 Total = 22 Scheduled Cast • Background of water supply • The area has insufficient and Male = 06 (SC) Community subproject, Environmental, inadequate drinking water resource. Female = 16 members Social, GRM, traffic safety • The community willingly accepted issue, Temporary disruption of the project. accesses and benefits from the • Majority were very excited about project were explained to the the scheme as either they are Stakeholders fetching water from far, or the • Status of existing drinking quality is not good, children also water supply system; suffer as they also are required to • Need for improvements to help. present system; • Assured full support during • Relevant information of the implementation. upcoming project and benefits • Some people are ready to take new of the project. water connection in place of old • Potential positive and negative one impacts due to project • Demand for free water stand post implementation • People were agreeing to pay • Ensuring no income loss proposed water tariff. • The Water Supply Scheme, • There should not be any water SHG (Self Help Group) supply interruption during laying Environmental, Social, GRM, new pipe line. traffic safety issue and benefit • Raised the issue about their from the project were explained business disturbance due to road to the Stakeholders. excavation. • Briefing on project objectives • Control dust during construction by probable implementation water sprinkling on exposed soil, procedures. stock stockpiled material on site • Employ local persons in construction work.

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Photographs of Consultation and List of Participants of Elected Representative and ULB Officials Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

234

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with Jay Vardhan Sangthan NGO, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

235

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with Shopkeepers, in Galla Market Ward No. 06, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

236

Photographs of Consultation and List of Participants during consultation with Shopkeepers of Main Market & Hatt, Near Bus Stand, Bada Malahera, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

237

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with Genral Public in Soni Muhalla, ward No.- 05, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

238

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with Communty & Locail residents, Ward No-1, Sarswati Shishu Mandir (OHT- 330 KL), Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

239

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with ST Community in ward no 2, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

240

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with S.T Community of Ward No 2 and 3, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

241

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with SC Communty, Ward No-12, Kammod Pura, ( OHT-100 KL), Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

242

Photograph of consultation and List of Participants during consultation with SC Community in Ambedkar, ward No.- 15, Bada Malhera Nagar Parishad

243

Appendix 19: GPS Coordinates of Proposed/Existing WSS Components Sites of Subproject Towns – Bada Malhera Town under Package 6K S. No. Proposed / Existing WSS Components GPS Coordinates

1. Proposed Weir Latitude – 24°35'30.12"N Longitude - 79°16'26.15"E 2. Proposed Pick-up Weir Latitude – 24°36'16.52"N Longitude - 79°16'16.43"E 3. Existing Intake well Latitude – 24°35'51.86"N Longitude - 79°16'26.41"E 4. Existing WTP Latitude – 24°34'44.58"N Longitude - 79°17'58.12"E

5. Proposed OHT: 100 KL Latitude – 24°34'20.42"N Longitude - 79°17'43.02"E 6. Proposed OHT: 330 KL Latitude – 24°33'23.67"N Longitude - 79°18'32.47"E 7. Existing OHT: 160 KL Latitude – 24°33'35.00"N Longitude - 79°18'13.52"E 8. Existing OHT: 650 KL Latitude – 24°34'30.02"N Longitude - 79°18'18.11"E