RESEARCH ARTICLES Availability and consumption of groundwater resources in the Campinas Region, SP, Brazil Sueli Yoshinaga Pereira Institute of Geosciences University of Campinas UNICAMP
[email protected] Annkarin Aurélia Kimmelmann e Silva Bandeirantes University UNIBAN ABSTRACT This study presents an evaluation of the availability of groundwater resources in the Campinas Metropolitan Region, SP, Brazil, through the estimation of rates of groundwater reserves and consumption. The region is characterized by low permeability aquifer systems, such as: Tubarão Aquifer Systems (glacial and post glacial consolidated sediments), Crystalline Aquifer Systems (granites, migmatites and gnaisses) and diabase sills and dikes. These aquifer systems present the following median values of productivity: 0.1 m3/h/m, 0.11 m3/h/m and 0.06 m3/h/m, respectively, and 0.07 m3/h/m for wells exploiting two or more aquifers. The region has a population of 2,151,543 inhabitants, is highly industrialized and it is located in the Piracicaba River Hydrographic Basin. The chronic scarcity of water reflects incalculable human interference, such as the water transpositions by Cantareira System. The total availability of groundwater resources was estimated at 3,22 m3/s (1996) and the consumption was estimated at 1,73 m3/s, representing an exploitation of 54%. Now, this rate is estimated at 72%. It is predicted that in 5 years this exploitation will reach the total reserve. Finally this study concludes with the discussion of the quality and quantity of information, since the most recent data are from 1994/95 and this was the last update of well records in the region.