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Determination of Optimal Cropping Pattern with an Emphasis on Farmers' Incomes Increase (Case Study: Villages of Chenaran County(

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Determination of Optimal Cropping Pattern with an Emphasis on Farmers' Incomes Increase (Case Study: Villages of Chenaran County( Journal of Research and Rural Planning Volume 6, No. 4, Winter 2018, Serial No.20 ISSN: 2322-2514 eISSN: 2383-2495 http://jrrp.um.ac.ir Determination of Optimal Cropping Pattern with an Emphasis on Farmers' Incomes Increase (Case Study: Villages of Chenaran County ( Mahdi Mousavi*1 – Mahdi Jahani2- Hamid Jafari3 1- Ph.D. in Geography and Rural Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. 2- Assistant Prof. in Geography and Urban Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. 3- Assistant Prof. in Geography and Rural Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. Received: 9 February 2016 Accepted: 9 December 2017 Extended abstract incomes, it is necessary to develop a suitable cultivation pattern. 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THEORETICAl FRAMEWORK very year, 100 million cubic meters of The plan for reforming the cultivation pattern is water deficit in the Chenaran plain are one of the fundamental demands for the region's witnessed. In addition to the negative agriculture, through which, while preserving its E effects of rainfall reduction over the sources of production, agricultural activities are last four decades, uncontrolled economically feasible and also provides for the increases in water retrieval from subterranean economic development of the village. The question reservoirs have been caused by the creation of now is that by cultivating what products in the unlawful wells in agriculture, livestock and Chenaran region, with a severe shortage of water industry, and the expansion of complexes A large and adjacent to the bigger market of Mashhad, can industrial complex with a large number of be solved to solve the problems of farmers in this production units, increased drinking water area. Therefore, the attempt has been made to use consumption has been affected by the growth of this method to analyze the hierarchical analysis of Mashhad's metropolitan area. A portion of the AHP And using the TOPSIS model, this issue is to drinking water of Mashhad, the supply of water to be considered. the industries created in the Mashhad axis of Chenaran and the water needed for industrial 3. METHODOLOGY settlements Created (at least four settlements) is one The data and statistics required from this study of the main uses of water in the region after were from Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization and agriculture. The decrease in the water of the also through face-to-face interviews and completed permanent and seasonal rivers of the city, reducing the questionnaire by simple sampling from 20 the discharge of springs, gullies and lowering the expert experts and 20 farmers. Representatives of 8 level of aquifers is one of the main factors limiting sample villages of the city (Akhmalad villages, the production of agricultural products in the Hakim Abad, Ayyatollah, Kamal Abad, Dolatabad, Chenaran. Due to the serious constraints on water National, and Mukhnan). Some of this information resources in the city of Chenaran and the need to and statistics have a small aspect, and by referring achieve sustainable economies for the residents of to the relevant organizations' databases, including the village and, consequently, to prevent them from the Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization as the migrating to major cities and to increase farmers' agriculture manager in the said city Were available, and others were among the qualitative *. Corresponding Author: [email protected] Tel: +98915 517 4385 2 Journal of Research and Rural Planning No.4 / Serial No.20 data in this field The achievement of Saeb's by determining the criteria such as water optimal judgment was based on the opinion of consumption per hectare, water yield in crop expert experts and farmers as the target production, irrigation frequency and pollutant community. The criteria that were considered in index, income and cost of product production, as determining the optimal cultivation pattern were well as the criterion of guarantee of sales, was tried subdivisions of two main axes: rural economic using the Dynamic Analysis Method Hierarchy and development and optimal agricultural water TOPSIS Model, rather than selecting the best management. These criteria consisted of criteria options for determining the cultivar pattern for crop production costs (planting, harvesting and harvesting), revenues from product sales, and 5. CONCLUSION In this research, in order to determine the cropping guaranteeing purchases and returns of production pattern due to the serious constraints of agricultural capital that are debatable in the category of economic development. Also, the performance water sources in the area under study (Chenaran), it was attempted to determine the pattern of criteria of cubic water in the production of cropping along with water resources management produce, number of irrigation beds (Water content) and in addition to focusing on rural economic and yield per hectare The agricultural management development and improvement of the level dummies cover. The products that are sampled and dominated by their dominant cultivation in the city, Hierarchy and topsis model, rather than selecting the best options for determining the cultivar pattern and by a survey of sample farmers and experts to The products are industrial and it is better to take determine the pattern of cultivation have been into account the monitoring. Sugar beet planting considered (wheat, barley, rapeseed, sugar beet, from the industrial and alfalfa groups of the forage potatoes, tomatoes, Alfalfa, forage corn). A model product group is minimized. for selecting the criteria for the purpose of study (optimal cropping pattern). Key words: Water management, crop pattern, economic development, Chenaran. 4. DISCUSSION In this research, in order to determine the cropping Acknowledgments: The current paper is extracted pattern due to the serious constraints of agricultural from the doctoral dissertation of the first author in the water sources in the area under study (Chenaran), Department of Geography, Faculty of Letters & it was attempted to determine the pattern of Humanities, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad cropping along with water resources management University, Mashhad, Iran. and in addition to focusing on rural economic Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict development and improvement of the level of interest to declare. Livelihood of the rural community. In this regard, How to cite this article: Mousavi, M., Jahani, M. & Jafari, H. (2018). Determination of optimal cropping pattern with an emphasis on farmers' incomes increase (Case study: Villages of Chenaran County). Journal of Research & Rural Planning, 6(4), 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v5i4.53650 2 مجلّة پژوهش و برنامهریزی روستایی سال 6، شمارة 4، زمستان 1396، شمارة پیاپی 20 شاپای چاپی: 2514-2322 شاپای الکترونیکی: 2383-2495 http://jrrp.um.ac.ir تعیین الگوی کشت بهینة محصوﻻت کشاورزی با هدف افزایش درآمد روستاییان )مطالعة موردی: روستاهای شهرستان چناران( ∗ مهدی موسوی 1- مهدی جهانی2- حمید جعفری3 1- دکترای جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمی واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران. 2- استادیار جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمی واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران. 3- استادیار جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمی واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران. تاریخ دریافت: 20 بهمن 1394 تاریخ پذیرش: 18 آذر 1396 چکیده هدف: تحقیق حاضر با هدف انتخاب بهترین الگوی کشت برای روستاییان شهرستان چناران با محوریت افزایش درآمد کشاورزان انجام شده است. روش تحقیق: آمار و اطﻻعات مورد نیاز این مطالعه، از سازمان جهاد کشاورزی و همچنین، از طریق مصاحبۀ حضوری و تکمیل پرسشنامه به روش نمونههگیری ساده از 20 نفر از کارشناسان خبره و 20 کشاورز نماینده از تعداد 8 روستای نمونۀ شهرستان شامل )روستاهای اخلمد علیا، بازه، حکیمآباد، حیطه طﻻ، کمالآبهاد، دولتآباد، ملی و موچنان( گردآوری شده است. سپس با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی )AHP( نسبت به الگوی کشت بهینه در روستاهای نمونه )8 روستا( شهرستان چناران تعیین شد. ضمن اینکه برای اثبات صحت آن از مدل تاپسیس بهره گرفته شده است. یافتهها: نتایج تحقیق که با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی و مدل تاپسیس به دست آمد، نشان میدهد که با تعیین معیارهایی ازجمله میزان آب مصرفی در ههر هکتار، عملکرد آب در تولید محصول، میزان دفعات آبیاری و شاخص پرت اب، درآمد و هزینۀ تولید محصول و همچنین، معیار تضمین فروش، میتوان نسبت به انتخاب گزینههای برتر جهت تعیین الگوی کشت اقدام کرد. پس از انجام فرآیند تحلیل و پایش گزینههای مختلف کشت، درنهایت، مشخص شد که با لحها معیارههای فهو ، بهترین الگوی کشت در منطقۀ مذکور، کاشت ذرت علوفهای از گروه نباتات علوفهای، گندم و جو از گروه غﻻت و کلزا از گروه محصوﻻت صنعتی است و بهتهر اسهت بها توجه به پایش صورتگرفته کاشت چغندر قند از گروه محصوﻻت صنعتی و یونجه از گروه محصوﻻت علوفهای به حداقل ممکن کاهش یابد. راهکارهای عملی: بدیهی است در تعیین الگوی کشت توجه به عوامل ذکرشده با توجه به محدودیت جدی منابع آب و لزوم توسعۀ اقتصادی روستاها ضروری است. اصالت و ارزش: انتخاب الگوی کشت مبتنی بر معیارهایی که درجهت تقویت و توسعۀ اقتصادی روستا انتخاب شده و تحلیل سلسهمراتبی آنها و اثبات صحت با استفاده از مدلهای ریاضی، قطعاً میتواند نتایج مقرون به واقعیت را حاصل کند. کلیدواژهها: مدیریت آب، الگوی کشت، توسعۀ اقتصادی، چناران ارجاع: موسوی، م.، جهانی، م. جعفری، ح. )1396(. تعیین الگوی کشت بهینۀ محصوﻻت کشاورزی با هدف افزایش درآمد روستاییان )مطالعۀ موردی: روستاهای شهرستان چناران(. مجله پژوهش و برنامهریزی روستایی، 6)4(، 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v5i4.53650 ∗ نویسندة مسئول: Email: [email protected] 4 مجلّه پژوهش و برنامهریزی روستایی شمارۀ 4 / پیاپی 20 1. مقدمه 1. 2. پیشینة تحقیق 1. 1. طرح مسأله در راستای تحقیق فهو ، پیشتهر مطالعهاتی دربهارة تهأثیر ساﻻنه شاهد 100 میلیون متر مکعب کسری مخزن آب در الگوی کشت بر افزایش بازدهی محصول و افزودهشهدن درآمهد دشت چناران هستیم. دشت چنهاران عﻻوهبهر تهأثیرات منفهی روستاییان صورت پذیرفت ازجمله مطالعات انجامشده در کشور ناشی از کاهش بارندگی در چهار دهۀ گذشهته شهاهد افهزایش اردن گویای آن است که در بحث مدیریت آب کشاورزی، بحث بیرویۀ برداشتهای آب از مخازن زیرسطحی بهواسهطۀ ایجهاد تعیین الگوی کشت تا اندازة قابهل مﻻحظههای باعهث افهزایش چاههای غیرمجاز کشهاورزی، دامهداری و صهنعتی و گسهترش درآمد زارعان میشود و ازطرفی، موجب بهرهبهرداری بهینهه از مجتمعهای صنعتی بزرگ با تعداد زیاد واحد تولیدی، افهزایش منابع نیز میشود؛ بهعنوان مثال، بها رویکهرد کاشهت گیاههان مصرف آب شرب متهأثر از رشهد جمعیهت کﻻنشههر مشههد و کمآبطلب از نوع گیاهان علوفهای بهجای محصوﻻت صهنعتی غیره بوده است.
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