9leLOOKOUT THE COVER : Chris Svendse n is shown hoisti ng a new set of jibs on a Hudson The VOL. XLIV May, 1953 NO. 5 River schooner, one of the many ship models to go on ex hibition May 24, whe n the Institu te opens its new Marine Museum. As the li ne s in his face would indicate, Chris is a veteran of many years under sail. See page one.

In additi o n to many sa il in g ships, the Insti tute's new Ma rine Museum a lso ha s a fin e co llection of mode l steam vessels. At the Marine Museum

VOL. XLIV MAY, 1953 HE FLEET of hip models lhat will of lew York. Also loaned by 1\[rs. Shell· T go on display when the Inslitule' ina i an early 18Lh·century French man· Copyright 1953 by the \ larine Museum i opened on IIay 24- of-war, Le Conqu,erant, which carrie SEAMEN'S CHURCH INSTITUTE OF NEW YORK conlinues lo grow in size and diver ity. ome sevenly-odd guns, mounting a 25 South Street, ew York 4, . Y. BOwling Green 9·2710 Some very valuable and unusual models number of them high in her rigging. have been given by per on who read Being struck do" n by Ialling cannon CLARENCE G. MICHALIS President about the Mu eum plans in the March must not ha e been the lea t of ballie REV. RAYMOND S. HALL, D.D. TOM BAAB LOOKO T. dangers on Le Conqllerant. Director Editor One singular model is that of a Lem­ One of the mo t perfectly conslructed THOMAS ROBERTS MAE STOKE Secretary and Treasurer Assoc iate Editor mer aak, an old Dutch ailing vessel re­ models in the Mu-eLlm is a large replica sembling a wooden shoe with a pair of of the great American sailing ship, the Published Monthly 1.00 yearly l Oc a copy wings on the side. Thi type of ship .i Roanoke. Made by one of the Roanoke's Gifts to the Institute of 5.00 and over include a year's subscription de igned for the shall ow walers of the crew, the model is fau ltless in the repro­ Zu ider Zee and the ,ing are aClually duction of every detai l. Entered 4J urond dau mall", luly 8, 1925 at New Yo,k, N. Y., ""d" the act 01 March 3, 1879 "ide board thal may be lowered into the There are in the Mu. eum two exam­ waler Lo take the place of the deep keel ple o[ the LIse of bizarre material in cuslomarily found on sailing vessels. The model makina. One is a four·foot quare­ Lemmer aak i_ the loan of ?lIr . Shelling rigged model made entirely of bone by (Continued on Page 11 ) Our Last Four-Master In observance of Maritime Day

HE sole urvivor of ' once THE SEAMEN'S CHURCH INSTITUTE Tvast fleet of four-masted coasting schooners is the Annie C Ross, recently of New York renamed the Elizabeth Scott Moore through a change of owner hip which has left her unaffected in other respects. cordially invites you to its Since 1942, the weary, wooden-hulled ve sel has been tied at a berth near the Grand Street Bridge in ewtown Creek, SIXTH Al\TNUAL "OPEN HOUSE" Queens, where she listlessly rises and falls with the tide and nods ever so genlly to the hurly-burly tugs that rile the foul SUNDAY, MAY 24, FROM 10 A.M. TO 7:30 P.M. waters of the nanow stream. In the dark of night she has been struck several times by barges being Featuring: hustled in and out of the creek. By the light of day there was only the sun to The new Marine Museum of the Seamen's Church Institute, with heal her injuries. High on the right hip her hull is punctured and her martingale an outstanding collection of ship models and sea curios. dangles do, n from the bow priL. 10 A.M. - 5 P.M. The Elizabeth Scott Moore was launch­ ed at Bath, Maine in 1917 as the Annie nclaimed after a group of Cape C. Ross, and for a quarter-century she Verde Islanders abandoned their aLtempt Guided tours of the building, starting on the 4th floor, 10: 30 worked the coasting trade, hauling lum­ in 1917 to convert her Lo a Portuguese A.M. - 3P.M. ber, coal, fish scrap and whatever she packet, the ship passed into the hands of could get in a time when sail wa mak­ lew York State. She ha subsequently ing a last futile tand. The vessel hoisted been acquired at public auction by Sea songs by the Balladeers, a male chorus, 10 the auditorium, twelve sail : four head sails, four ga£{­ actor-playwright Scott Moore, who has headed sails and four gaff tops les - plans to conyert her to a floating tele­ 3:30-4P_M. these la t described by one of her former vision studio_ crew as having resembled "huge mule' Her hull, often credited with having ears." The seaman, Edmund Moran, who one of the prettiest sterns ever built, i;, Tea in the Janet Roper Clubroom, 4 - 5 P.M. sailed on her in 1940, writes that "under ·till sound, owing to the heayy pollution full sail the gallant fore-and-after dis­ of industrial wastes in Jewtown Creek played the flawless beauty of a tenaced which kills off all marine life. cloud" and that "close-hauled, in a Luncheon and dinner will be served 11:30 to 2:00 and 5:30 to spanking breeze, she heeled harply with The vessel has no claim to fame by 7: 30 P.M. C 1.25 per person). For your advance reservations please call a bone in her teeth." virtue of her own ac omplishments (un­ BOwling Green 9-2710. Ie s it would be lhe time she Lole the In the years since she was towed into show from the Normandie a the crack Newtown Creek with her sails unbent French liner was entering New York on and her topmasts removed, the schooner her maiden voyage), but she deserves To reach the Institute, take the Broadway bus or Seventh Avenue subway to has suffered from neglect and repeated attention as the last of a great line of South Ferry, the BMT subway to Whitehall Street, or the Lexington Avenue subway attacks of vanda]i m. Youthful maraud­ American sail ing yeosels. She is the last to Bowling Green and walk east on South Street. By car, take the East River Drive ers have Lhrown most of her belaying page of a greal chapter in American or the West Side Highway to 25 South Street. Parking space will be available. pins and loose tackle over the side, and Merchant Marine history, closing out a fire of undetermined origin charred the era which saw America riding high the interior of her once handsome ma­ on the seas through its outstanding na· hogany and teak cabin. tional re ource - lumber. BRING YOUR F AMIL Y AND FRIENDS 2 3 the American Merchant Marine. That that the United States government train statute, reaffirmed by each succeeding personnel to supply the high degree of Congres,; and amended to make it an em­ efficiency required on board modern phatic and efficient in trument of Amer­ ships. Following the adoption of the ican policy declared it necessary Jor the ;\1erchant Marine Act. the United States national defense and for the develop­ Merchant 1arine Cadet Corps was cre­ ment of the nation' foreign and dome tic ated and the nited States Merchant commerce that the nited States have a Marine Academy was established at merchant marine-American built and Kinas Point. The building of the Acad­ operated- of sufficient strength to pro­ emy"O was characterized by President vide shipping service at all times on all Roo evelt as "a momentous forward step routes essential to the domesti . and for­ in the nation's planned program of mari­ eign commerce of the United States; time progress." He tressed its impor­ capable of serving as auxiliary in time tance to American world commerce, in of war or national emergency; and man­ the maintenance both of our wartime ned with a trained and efficient citizen lifelines and of our peacetime economy personnel. for the future. Because the American merchant fleet The primary function of the Academy competes aaainst lower cost foreign ships is to train American boys to be li censed - lower in building as well as in operat­ officer -the equivalent of the cOlllmi - ing costs-and can charge only what sioned ofTicers of the armed services­ the competition will permit, it ha be­ for ervice on the bridges and in the en­ come a part of the national policy to aine-room of American merchant hips, offer financial a sistance to selected and both in peace and in war. As Pre ident approved steam hip operators in the Roosevelt observed when Kings Point form of construction and operating dif­ was dedicated, "This Academy ,;erves The Kings Pointer ferential subsidies. These subsidies are the Merchant Marine as West Point designed imply to reduce American serves the Army, Annapolis the Navy, The place of the U. S. Merchant Marine Academy in maritime America. costs to the level of the foreign 0 t , and and the Academy at ew London the By Luis E. Bejarano, Lieut. Comdr., USMS do not guarantee a profit to the Ameri­ Coast Guard." can operator. EfTicient hard driving, im­ The thesis which the Merchant Marine ["!El EHALLY Americans realize that of the term. It has become for this na­ aginative, and competitive management Academy exemplifies is the indi pensa­ the two most recent world wars tion an integral part of national and U are the prerequisite to success in the bility and the paramount importance of could not have ended in victory without foreign policy, and consequently it i merchant marine, regardles of whether quality leader hip. No nation builds the world's greate t 'merchant fleets built maintained as a national instrument by the hip is operated under subsidy or better ships than the nited State. But, in the l 'nited States and manned by its citizen in order to serve properly without ubsidy. Unlike the pairy in­ in the final analysis, it is the human ele­ trained Ameri 'an per onne!. l\Ioreover, their needs of commerce and defen e. dustry, for example, which receives as­ ment in hip operation that counts the it ha become most convincingly appar· In their glorious history the Ameri­ sistance from the government in the heU\'ie t. Even the best ship must be effi­ ent thal a dependably efficient merchant can people many time have experienced form of price upport which requires ciently and killfully operated. Even the marine is just as important to this na­ the unfortunate results of neglecting the American public to pay certain mini­ tion in peacetime as during war. In addi­ their merchant marine, but the two re­ most capable crew needs Lo be ably led. mum prices for butter and milk, Ameri­ A ship's performance can rise no biaber tion to the dependence for the economic cent war have finally awakened us - a can ships must charge freight and pas­ than the level of the compeLence of the well·being of our country on the effec­ nothing el e could. [n the first World senger rate which are determined large­ tive u e of our merchant fleet, the Ameri­ War we spent more than tw o billion dol­ ship' officer . While a poor ship may be ly by the lower cost foreign hip>;. If the operated safely by a well-disciplined can Merchant Iarine is essential to lars to build merchant sh ips and to train American ships were to charge more, support the comparatively new position men hastily to operate them. In the sec­ crew, the best ship can easily come to the business would be driven to the for­ grief \ i th a poor crew. of world leadership of the United States ond World War, more than five time as eign-Aag vessels. and to meet our responsibility in devel­ much was pent. The young man who is admitted to oping a la tinD" peace. The awakeninc:T actually began be­ Of particular significance wa the ern· the Merchant Marine Academy en ters Shipping is America's oldest indus­ tween the two \ ars. In 1935 President phasis by Congre s on the need for prop­ not only upon a program of prole sional try. Althouah the development o( ship­ Roo evell emphasized the need for an erly trained merchant ship personnel. training but upon the equivalent of a ping historically ha been motivated by adequate merchant marine, and Con­ Since efficient management i essential college course. When he is graduated private incentive and enterprise, it i "Tess re ponded with the act which has to survival, it is a logical development after four years he is granted the same more than a bu ine s in the usual sense been de cribed as the Magna Charta of (Continued on Page 10) 5 4 XESTOBIUM RUFOVILLOSUM not be so ungallant as to go into the de­ Bar, out ide Bo ton, while bucking a THE RIGHT PITCH tails of her six month overhauling - nor'easter. Come morning, only her top X.R., or deathwatch beetle, is current· Equipped to get just the rightl itch on suffice to say that this time she was a rna ts \ ere above water. But the wise her work is the tug Dalzellera, new addi­ Iy making mince meat of Lord Nelson' mere twenty minute off her chedule for old salts had known it would happen all 187 ·year·old flag hip, Victory. tion to the fleet of the Dalzell Tm ing the six-day voyaO"e and averaged a brisk along. Company. The new tug is the first Amer­ The la t of Britain' 18th-century 23lh knots. "wooden wall' warships, the Victory's ican yes-elto be driven by the de Schelde WOE IS THE WHALE three-Ioot oaken planks are infested with controllable-pitch propeller. CAVANAGH HONORED the tiny borers, called deathwatch beetles The lookout's cry of "Thar she blows!" During recent trial runs in ew York because of the peculiar echoing, tapping Edward F. Cavanagh, Jr., Commis­ in days of yore meant a cramble to the Harbor the Dalzellera demon trated an sound they produce while atlheir unholy sioner of :Iarine and Aviation, wa re­ longboats and a turbulent, bitter battle impressi ve maneuverabi Ii ty, gained labor. cently named "Waterfront Man of the of wits and strength between men and through the Iact that the drive shaft re­ This di integration of her tructure, Year" by Barnacles, an as ociation of whale. lot 0, today. The hunt for the ceives an uninterrupted flow of power the lumber of 2,000 trees, has been pro­ executives and officials in maritime harried leviathan i carried on by cout­ from the en

THE USE OF RADAR AT SEA YANKEE SHIPS A thousand tons of clipper ship a-driving through the trades, An Informal History of the Institute of Navigation Within her holds a thousand tons of silk for Yankee maids, D. Van Nostrand Ca., Inc., $6.50 Merchant Marine By Reese Wolfe And tea in case, and spice in cask. Her stunsails gleam like snow, Thi book i edited by Captain F. J. Wylie, Bobbs-Merrill Ca., Inc. , $3.75 And from her deck the chorus roars of " Blow, my bullies, blow!" R.N. (ret.) and wl'itlen by thirteen speciali ts Swift, exciting, forcefully opinionated, this in the field. The tex t i wri tten in simple, non­ book embrace not only the tory of Yankee t chnical language and can be easily under­ Ships, but of the men who sail ed them and the She 's made the China voyage again in nine and ninety days. stood by those who do not have any electron ic men who built them. The undercurrents of The porpoises make way for her, and where the sperm whale plays training or experi ence. While primari ly in­ our maritime history, the fo ll ie and the tri­ tended for tho e seafarers who are goi ng to umphs, are re-created not without the sub tan­ And Bedford whalers turn to stare at seeing her sweep by, u e radar at sea, it will also be found helpful tial substructure of the Jives and conditions of They take her for a that's fallen from the sky. preparation for those who intend to study lhe the men who are the merchant marine. The more technical aspe ts of marine radar. historical picture is fi ll ed out with numerous It se\'enleen ~hapters includ such lopi('s aside and anecdotes that provide amusin g or The Limejuice captains swear at her, to see her drifting past, as: Radar Principles, Equipment, Operation, sad little insights into period of history. Navigation a nd imple Iaintenance. Writing like a man with a cause, Reese And pile the clouds of canvas high on every Clyde built mast. A chapter entitled, "Component and Cir­ Wolfe substitutes Tefre hing candor for the She steals the trade from London town. The London merchants rave cuits in the Equipment" should prove of great blowing of bugles and the beating of drums. intere t to radio operator and others desiring Recommended to one and all . r. S. To think of driving Yankee ships that rule the rolling wave. further information, for here they will find imple, yet excellent, descriptions of the com- ponents and (' ircuitry associated with marine PASSENGER LINERS OF THE Old Ocean Chief and Flying Cloud, and pitching Hurricane, radar. WESTERN OCEAN The Hound, and the Chal/enger, and Chariot of Fame, Lo lS J. LOPEZ By Comdr. (S) R. Vernon Gibbs, Sperry Radar School C. Are down in Davy's locker now. Out there by Anjer way RN (Ret.) Staples Press, $6.00 Are seen no dandy Yankee ships a-slipping past today_ A detailed, invaluable record of the orth U-BOAT 977 Atlantic pas enger hips from the time of the first packets to the Blue Riband liner, United There were no days like those brave days. They'll come now never more. By Heinz Schaeffer States, this work include short historie of Creesy is dead, and Waterman, and Samuels sleeps ashore, W. W. Norton, $3.50 each hip-its launching, its life and its death. Crisply written, it omits no vital statistics, Donald MacKay is but a name, and beauty's dream is past. The battle record of a German submarine but tbey are painlessly administered. The The sea moss grows on rotted boom, and spar and skysailmast. written from Argentina by its unregenerate author, sometimes critical, sometimes out­ Nazi commander, U-Boat 977 offer a dramatic raged, always blunt, fashions a vital, highly in~ight into the potent underwater arm of readable history out of over 800 short tales. But up and down far distant seas, when stars are clear and bright, Hitler's Third Reich. The spirit and accom­ 57 photographs augment the text. M . S. plishments of S hae fT er and his crew were Where trade winds blow, and lonely whales go swimming down the night, heroic, indeed, but the author's simple and can­ You'll find the ghosts of Yankee ships. It's there that I would be did account of them doe not have the power MODERN SHIPS And up above, against the stars, that flag a-flying free_ to separate them from the political insanity Elements of Their Design, Construction which sent such men under the sea. Closing his story with a burst of senliment and Operation and nostalgia , chaefTer avows "a faith un­ By John H. La Dage, Lt . Comdr. USMS By Bill Adams haken in the German people;" he does not Cornell Maritime Press, $6.50 pecify what it is about the Germans that in- Modem Ships, a reference text, presents spires his faitb, but it would appear nothing to ships' officer, cadets and students of marine but an unabashed tribute to its militarism. transportation, shipping personnel, students of When he says, "there i nothing the defeated naval architecture a nd anyone interested in appreciate more than that their victors sbould the efficient operation of ships, information have a d cent respect for them," SchaeITer from the general fields of naval architecture holdly invite. us to leap over the net like good and hip construction tho e theorie and pTa - sports and shake hand. The difficulty is, that ti ces wbich apply to everyday ship operation in not having dive ted himself of the glorious and maintenance. This information is pre­ hunk of German militarism, he al. 0 invites us sented in a style readily understandable by all to clasp the han d of a monster. engaged in or interested in sh ip operation. But it's an interesting book. The text is i1lustrated with 99 photographs T. H. B. and 117 drawings and schemati diagram . 12 SEAMEN'S CHURCH INSTITUTE OF NEW YORK BOARD OF MANAGERS HOllOMTY PreSIdent RT. REV. HORACE W. B. DONEGAN, D.D President CLARENCE G. MICHALiS Clerical Vice-Presidents RT. REv: B~NJAMIN M. WASHBURN, D .D. VERY REV. JAMES A. PIKE, JR., S.J.D. RT. REV !~ CHARLES K. GILBERT, D.D. REV. LOUIS W. Plrr, D .D . REV. FREDERlCK BURGESS REv. ARTHUR L KINSOLVING, D .D REV. ROHlF H. BROOKS, S.TD. REv. JOHN E. LARGE, D.D. REv. JOHN HEUSS, JR., D .D.. REv. JOHN M. MULLiGAN - REv. ANSON P. STOKES, JR. Lay Vice-PresideJ1ls GERALD A. BRAMWELL THOMAS ROBERTS li",RRY FORSYTH OIU-{E WILSON S ceretary alld TreaJltrc,' THOMAS ROBERTS Auistant Secretary, GORDON FEAREY Assistant Treasurer, BENJAMIN STRONG, JR. WILLiAM ARMOUR ARTHUR Z. GRAY WALTER B. Porrs EDWARD J . BARBER FRANK GULDEN FRANKLIN REM.INGTON EDWARD J. BARBER, JR. CHARLES S. HAIGHT PAUL RENSHAW EDWIN D E T. BECHTEL GERARD HALLOCK JOHN S. ROGERS REGINALD R. BELKNAP AUGUSTUS N. HAND WILLIAM D . RYAN GORDON KNOX BELL THOMAS L HIGGINSON CHARLES E. SALTZMAN GORDON KNOX BELL, JR. OLIVER ISELIN JOHN JAY SCHIBFFELIN CHARLES W . BOWRING, JR. ELLIS KNOWLES THOMAS A. Scorr CHARLES B. BRADLEY LAMAR RICHARD LEAHY HERBERT L SEWARD JOHN MASON BROWN CLIFFORD D. MALLORY, JR. LEONARD SULLIVAN LLOYD H. DALZELL RICHARD H . MANSFIELD CARLL TUCKER CLEMENT L. D ES PARD W. LAWRENCE McLANE ALEXANDER O . VIETOR CHARLES E. DUNLAP CHARLES MERZ FRANKLIN E. VILAS CALVIN T. DURGIN CLARENCE F. MICHALIS FRANK W. WARBURTON DE COURSEY FALES GEORGE P. MONTGOMERY EDWARD K. WARREN F. RICHARDS FORD JOHN LEWIS MONTGOMERY WILLIAM D . WINTER ADIUAAN GIPS JOHN H . G . PELL GEORGE GRAY ZABRISKIE HONORARY MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE JOHN MASEFIELD T. ASHLEY SPARKS ERNEST E WHEELER

REV. RAYMOND S. HALL, D .D., Director CHAPLAIN FRANCIS D. DALEY, Auist{IJIt to the Director

LEGACIES TO THE INSTITUTE You are asked to remember this Institute in your will, that it may properly carryon its important work for seamen. While it is advisable to consult your lawyer as to the drawing of your will, we suggest the following as a clause that may be used: "I give and bequeath to Seamen ~ 5 Church Institute of New York, a corporation of the State of New York, located at 25 South Street, New York City, the sum of...... _...... Oollars." Note that the words "of New York" are a part of our title. If land or any specific property such as bonds, stocks, etc., is given, a brief description of the property should be inserted instead of the words, "the sum 01...... Oollars." Contributions and bequests to the Institote ore exempt from federal and New York State Tax.