Peruvian Police Shoot Down Strikers by Antonio Quispe Amount That Lags Far Behind Inflationary Price Increases.) Federación De Trabajadores De Peru (CTP)

'ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS'? Peruvian Police Shoot Down Strikers By Antonio Quispe amount that lags far behind inflationary price increases.) federación de Trabajadores de Peru (CTP). The struggle has been a hard one. The strike began LIMA, Oct. 28 — The Peruvian oligarchy has exacted After the meeting, thousands of people jammed the payment from the people once again for daring to try Oct. 1. Fifteen days later, 30 teachers in various cities plaza facing the national parliament building. Parliament went on a dramatic hunger strike. to improve their standard of living; a stiff payment — was in session, presumably discussing the demands of a human life — as is the custom with the oligarchy, the On Oct. 23 the students in Lima organized a big the teachers. The demonstrators were peaceful. solidarity demonstration to help their teachers. There life of a student named Juan García Collantes. The police, however, considered it an opportune time upon the Prado government intervened. Police invaded to instruct Peru’s school teachers in the rudiments of The “democratic” government of Manuel Prado, a the union headquarters where the teachers on hunger the “Alliance for Progress.” They opened fire with tear- model for Latin America in the eyes of both Eisenhower strike were under union medical observation and took gas grenades and water from high-pressure nozzles in and Kennedy, has distinguished itself by killing 66 them by force to various hospitals. With this action the special “antiriot” vehicles imported from Europe. workers, peasants and students in the five years since government hoped to deprive the strikers of a most ef Lima’s school teachers responded to this lesson in the it came to power. Washington’s model Latin-American fective publicity weapon. class struggle by throwing rocks at the parliament build regime counts on bettering that sinister record before As was to be expected, this only aroused the school ing. June 1962, date of the next election. teachers and their supporters. That evening 10,000 turned Crovetto, Prefect of Lima, sent detachments into the Juan García Collantes fell victim in the general strike out to hear strike leaders, students and spokesmen of street under orders to shoot. The guard fired over the of the nation’s teachers, who are demanding that the various union locals of Lima, including the new Union heads of the crowd, but young Collantes was struck by government live up to the law requiring adjustment of Sindical de Lima which is putting the labor movement a bullet. their wages to keep up with the cost of living. (An or of Lima on a more militant footing after fifteen years Fellow students carried their comrades bleeding body to dinary teacher in Peru is paid around $8 a week, an of passivity under the APRAista leadership of the Con- (Continued on Page 2) N. Y. Socialists Justice in Monroe: THE Given Raw Deal Negro Convicted, On Ballot Place White Man Freed NEW YORK, Nov. 7 — Richard Jim Crow justice is functioning Garza, Socialist Workers nominee as usual in Monroe, North Caro lina. Two all-white juries barely MILITANT for mayor, yesterday hotly pro Published in the Interests of the Working People complied with the formality of tested the Board of Election’s dis leaving the box for deliberation criminatory treatment of the So before handing down verdicts Nov. Vol. 25 - No. 41 Monday, N ovem ber 13, 1961 Price 10c cialist Workers and Socialist Labor 2 convicting a 17-year-old Negro parties in alloting places on the youth of shooting a policeman in voting machines. the leg and acquitting a white man of raping a Negro woman. The two socialist slates were Justice Dep't in New Attack shunted to the bottom of the bal Sentenced to three-to-five years lot, forced to share a single line, was Albert Rorie, who had been and then given alternating half active in the anti-segregation spaces on that line. Thus the two picketing which led to the white- Against Pro-Castro Cubans candidates for mayor were supremacist rioting and shooting squeezed into a single box, then on Aug. 27. Rorie denied having a By Harry Bing the two candidates for controller, gun or shooting his accuser, Po NEW YORK — As part of the and then the two candidates for lice Officer J. W. Rushing. An drive to stifle all opposition to its president of the city council. Con Natalia Trotsky other policeman admitted on the reactionary anti-Cuba policy, the sequently those wishing to vote a stand that he had halted and Kennedy administration has in straight ticket for either party searched Rorie, and finding no tensified its persecution of the would have to carefuly determine weapon, had let him go. Next day, July 26 Movement in this country. which levers in each half-space Trotsky's Widow however, Rorie was arrested for About a year and a half ago the were for the candidates of their assault with a deadly weapon with organization registered with the choice and then skip across the Writes Khrushchev intent to kill. No weapon was U.S. Department of Justice under line, pulling every other lever. ever produced by the state, nor, The widow of Leon Trotsky has indeed, the bullet, photos or the “foreign agents” act. It did so Meanwhile, Wagner and Lefko- offered to go to the Soviet Union under protest, pointing out that witz, the Democratic and Repub X-rays of Rushing’s alleged leg to help rehabilitate his name in wound. some 200 counter-revolutionary lican nominees, each enjoyed not Soviet history. In a Nov. 4 inter groups operating in this country one, but three full lines on the view in France-Soir, a newspaper Appeal Announced have not had to register. For ex machine. Independent nominees in Paris, where she is visiting, ample, the Frente Revolutionario Gerosa and Battista each had a Conrad Lynn, attorney for the 80-year-old Natalia Trotsky said: Committee to Aid the Monroe De Democratica, which has been try full line even though neither had “No one can any longer doubt that ing to establish itself as a “gov- any running mates and was thus fendants, defended Rorie and my husband was assassinated in James Covington, 15, whose case ernment-in-exile” has not been the only candidate on his entire Mexico in 1940 on the orders of required to register. This is the line. was remanded to Children’s Court. Stalin. Remember that at the time Lynn announced that Rorie’s con gang headed by José Miro Cardo This unprecedented act of dis of the Moscow trial Trotsky defied crimination was initiated by the viction would be appealed. The na, the CIA’s principal puppet in Julio Medina Stalin to call on him to come its April 17 invasion of Cuba. Democrats who secured a court CAMD is arranging to free Rorie ruling that the ballot position of there. For my part I would will on bail. Last month, the July 26 Move moned before a special federal ingly go to Moscow as a witness ment received a letter from the grand jury here that same day. independent nominees be deter Acquitted of the rape charge The three were José Sanchez, na mined by the number of petitions if a public investigation is held.” was Henry J. Phifer, identified by Justice Department stating that in The great Bolshevik’s ailing addition to filing reports of in tional coordinator of the move filed rather than the order in Rosa Funderburk, 22, as one of ment, Efrain Trujillo, treasurer, which they were filed. An inde widow, who from her student days two white men who had chased come and disbursement, copies of has been a revolutionary socialist, literature published and distribut and Julio Medina, public relations pendent petition for Wagner had her into a wheat field and raped director. been filed on the last day which told France-Soir: “I do not think her. The other assailant, though ed, etc. (which it had done), it Khrushchev would have de must also furnish a full member There the demand was made for would have put him at the bottom described in detail by Mrs. Fun the lists of members and contribu of the machine. It was then an nounced Stalin if he had not been derburk, has not been arrested. ship list and the names of all forced by the pressure of Soviet financial contributors. tors. A postponement was obtained nounced that the two socialist The acquittal was no surprise. by the group’s counsel, Mary tickets would be compelled to society which wants to liquidate White men simply are not con Then, on Oct. 27, three officers share the bottom line, but it was forever a monstrous epoch.” victed of rape in Union County of the organization were sum- Kaufman, of the firm of Boudin and Rabinowitz. only yesterday that sample ballots Mrs. Trotsky also made public when the victim is a colored wo Leaders of the movement have were made public revealing the the text of a message which she man. The very fact that Phifer expressed grave concern that com- deliberately scrambled manner in had sent to the Soviet government was even indicted on a rape charge Warde, Aptheker ( Continued on Page 3) which it was done. (Continued on Page 2) caused raised eyebrows. To Share Platform Moscow vs. Peking — Which One Is Right? At Chicago Meeting By Murry Weiss banian) as contrary to Marxism- Peking with the hated memory of Khrushchev who evidently is CHICAGO — William F. Warde Many socialist-minded workers Leninism and abruptly left the Stalin to further his “peaceful forced to move against the stigma and Dr. Herbert Aptheker will dis- support the Chinese Communist Congress. coexistence” policy as against the of Stalin and Stalinism under cuss the question, “Where Is Party’s proclaimed Leninist policy This open clash between the Chinese attitude towards the im pressure of the Soviet masses. The America Going,” at a forum here of struggle against imperialist war Moscow and Peking regimes ac perialist powers? What will Pek question therefore posed is: where Saturday, Nov. 18, at 8 p.m., under in contradistinction to the Soviet companied another development ing do about the “definitive de do the best interests of socialism the auspices of the Young Socialist CP’s policy of “peaceful coexist at the Congress, namely, Khru struction of the Stalin “cult,” sym lie in the conflict between the Alliance. ence.” At the same time they fa shchev’s barrage against the “anti bolized by the removal of his body Khrushchevites and the “anti The meeting will be held at In vor demolishing the “cult” of party group” of Molotov - Malen from the Lenin tomb? Will the party group” and in the conflict ternational House, Assembly Hall, Stalin. When, therefore, Khru kov - Kaganovich - Voroshilov as Communist Parties throughout the between Moscow and Peking? 1414 East 59th Street. shchev hurls the charge of “Stal specific culprits responsible along world be split into “Moscow” and Should the working-class public Warde is a contributor to The inism” at the Chinese regime, with Stalin for frame-up, terror “Peking” factions? If so, what take sides? Or should it stand aside Militant and International Social such people are baffled and per and mass murder. does this mean in the struggle for and say of this factionalism, “a ist Review. He is the author of plexed, They ask, what is the ac For the disquieted members and world socialism? plague on both your houses”? such works as The Long View of tual situation? supporters of the Communist Par Many of the anxious questioners For our part, the pivotal point History and The Logic of Marx The Kremlin deliberately ex ty the 22nd Congress has provided are aware of the repressive nature in understanding and judging the ism. cluded the CP of Albania, a close more questions than answers. of the regime in Albania, they also Moscow-Peking struggle is to be Dr. Aptheker is editor of the ally of the People’s Republic of Some of the questions they are know that workers’ democracy found in the Chinese Revolution magazine, Political Affairs, and a China, from attendance at the re asking are as follows: does not prevail in the People’s of 1949-50. contributing editor of Mainstream. cent 22nd Congress of the Soviet Is the widening rift between Republic of China. There is a There are unmistakable similar His books include A Documentary CP. Chinese Premier Chou En-lai Moscow and Peking a dispute growing awareness that the Soviet ities, even identities, of Stalinist History of the Negro People and denounced the “open condemna about the de-Stalinization drive? Union is firmly controlled by a features in both the Chinese and History of Reality. tion of a fraternal party” (the Al Or is Khrushchev simply linking bureaucratic caste, now headed by (Continued on Page 2) Page Two THE MILITANT Monday, November 13, 1961 ... Peruvian Police Shoot Strikers Militant Fund Ends ...Moscow vs. Peking (Continued from Page 1) of Peru free thought can be found, (Continued from Page 1) a school. In a few hours the police if only in discussions among the On Schedule with Soviet regimes. But the crux of sent an ambulance to pick up the political prisoners. the problem is also to grasp the body. But the students refused to They felt heartened when they real contradiction between the permit the police to touch their heard a tape recording, over the A Score of 103% regimes. To illustrate, consider the fol friend. A squadron of police was radio of a speech before the Or By Marvel School sent to take the body by force. ganization of American States lowing typical statement made by However, in face of the bitter and (OAS) by Cuban delegate, Dr. Militant Fund. Director Khrushchev in 1949: “Today the determined opposition of the stu Lechuga, rejecting the Peruvian This is indeed a red-letter day. peoples of the Soviet Union and dents, they retreated. demand for imperialist interven I can report that the Militant all advanced progressive mankind A few hours after the bloody tion in Cuban affairs. They espe Fund is over the top — at 103 wholeheartedly greet our dear police assault against the demon cially appreciated the part in per cent! Comrade Stalin, inspirer of the in strating school teachers, govern which Dr. Lechuga attacked dissoluble friendship of peoples. As many of you who have been Glory to our dear father . . . the ment officials proclaimed the dis Peru’s rulers as butchers with no following this column and the covery of a “communist” plot right to speak of freedom and genius leading the party, the So scoreboard know, this fund has viet people, and the working peo aimed at “discrediting” the 1962 justice. been collected the hard way. elections. The officials added — Day before yesterday more than ple of the whole world, Comrade Many, many of our friends are Stalin!” naturally — that the plot was “in 15,000 people formed a cortege in unemployed, or working only spired by the Cuban government homage to the martyred Juan When Khrushchev today at part-tim e. tempts to depict Peking as the of Fidel Castro. García Collantes, an imposing K hrushchev In city-wide raids, 31 persons demonstration in view of the fact This is especially true on the pure distillation of Stalinism, we should bear in mind that in 1949- were arrested. Almost all of them that it was a work day. The po West Coast, yet the group in were being pushed by the Chi 50 the Chinese Revolution was were unionists or prominent lice flanked the procession as it Berkeley-Oakland, which pledged nese workers and peasants. moved through Lima’s streets to $530, came through with $569 or overthrowing landlordism, capital Trotsky foresaw two basic points fighters in the anti-imperialist ism, imperialism and driving U.S. struggle. The government appears ward the cemetery but did not 107 per cent. Of this group more regarding Stalinism: dare to attack it. When the police than half are unemployed. The puppet Chiang Kai-shek from the 1) The interest of the Soviet to have deliberately selected per mainland — in direct opposition sons connected with the Frente came too close, rocks reminded same is true of thé groups in both bureaucracy, expressed in its na to the policy ordered by Stalin. tionalistic theory of “socialism in del Petroleo, a new movement them to keep a respectful dis Seattle and San Francisco. The “general” column is par During the war Stalin had made one country,” would lead to a that is fighting for the nationali tance. break with revolutionary interna The demonstration reinforced ticularly significant. $311 came in a series of agreements with Roose zation of Peru’s American-con velt and Churchill one of which tionalism and consequently to trolled oil industry. (International the demand for freedom for the from Militant readers in single dollar bills, some fives, a few tens, was to guarantee the continued costly defeats in one revolutionary Petroleum Company, a subsidiary political prisoners and the resig domination of imperialism in situation after another. This prog of Standard Oil.) nation of Pedro Beltrán, prime and only two sums of $25. The letters which accompanied some China. nosis was borne out with fright No charges were placed against minister of Peru and servile agent This was the great problem ful consequences, to cite but one the 31 victims. Since constitu of the International Petroleum of the contributions were equally wonderful. faced by the Chinese CP leaders example, in China in 1925-27. tional guarantees have been sus Company. during and after World War II. 2) The revolutionary ascendan pended, they can be held illegally. The teachers’ strike is a promi We Need More Space Should they bow to Stalin’s policy cy of the working class elsewhere Besides the 31, the police are nent current symptom of the of sacrificing the Chinese Revolu would induce the destruction of hunting others not yet charged depth of the social and political It is not possible to thank every tion to carry out the Kremlin’s the Stalinist monolith and the bu with anything. crisis in Peru. People live in one through this column — one of deals with imperialism? The Chi reaucratic caste in the Soviet Despite these repressive meas growing misery and despair while the big problems we have faced nese leaders, it must be remem Union. ures, the teachers’ strike remains the top circles talk enthusiastically since the paper had to be reduced bered, were under complete Stal We are witnessing this latter solid. During the week, hundreds about an “Alliance for Progress” to only four pages, is space. Some inist control up to 1949. The Mao phenomenon today. The world of students and people from all that will never reach the lower of the letters have been printed leadership had been handpicked revolutionary development is in circles of the workers’ and radical levels and in any case would meet either here or in the Letters from by Stalin after his expulsion of extricably bound up with the movement visited the prisoners. only a small part of their des our Readers column. the entire leadership of the Chi shattering of Stalinism. The emer Among those who made demon perate needs. This money which has been so nese CP’s Central Committee for gence of revolutionary China was strative visits and demanded the The truth is that we must begin generously contributed will help opposition to the Kremlin-directed the major event leading to the immediate unconditional release by restoring our natural resources a great deal in extending The betrayal of the revolution of 1925- fragmenting of the Stalinist mono of the prisoners was the well- to the Peruvian people. We must Militant’s circulation. Events in 27 and declaring for the revolu lith. This was no more a personal known General César Pando end the imperialist drain on the the world crowd one another for tionary policy advocated by Trot rivalry between Mao and Stalin Egúsquiza, president of the Frente country’s wealth and overturn the coverage and The Militant will sky. But a new revolutionary up than had been the struggle be del Petroleo. landlords who maintain a fabulous continue its policy of telling the surge during the second world war tween Trotsky and Stalin. Up to yesterday, this pressure standard of living for themselves truth about what is going on. impelled the Maoists to a break In the Trotsky-Stalin struggle had gained the release of all but while the Indian population has We ask our readers to continue with Kremlin policy. Even Stalin’s two diametrically opposed political 11 prisoners. A committee repre an average life expectancy of only summoning of Mao to Moscow for positions were expressed, Trotsky senting various union locals is un 30 years. sending the Truth Dollars they have so generously contributed. direct personal orders to enter a defending the continuance of the dertaking further measures to se The inevitable Peruvian revolu coalition government with Chiang Bolshevik policy of revolutionary cure the release of these remain tion will sweep away these bar Even though money is a capitalist Kai-shek could not sidetrack the form it is one that a working internationalism, Stalin defending ing victims. riers to progress and a better life fight-to-the-finish with the Kuo- the primacy of national, bureau The prisoners meanwhile re for the people. class paper cannot function with mintang forces and the taking of out! cratic interests at the expense of solved to begin an indefinite hun power to which the CP leaders the world working class. ger strike if they are not freed by NEW YORK — An Associated I want to close with a thought In his break with Stalin, Mao midnight, Oct. 30. Press report received here said expressed in a letter from D.R. did not define the theoretical and The jail where they are held the strike of Peru’s school teach of New Orleans: programmatic differences. This de lacks beds, mattresses or even ers ended Nov. 3 after 29 days. fault has deep consequences. But According to the AP, the teachers “This $5 is a little down-pay- blankets. Food, poor and scarce; ment for the day when there will in action, the Mao-Stalin clash fleas, fat and plentiful. The con accepted a salary increase sched spelled the difference between a ditions are not conducive to re ule they had previously rejected. be no thrones for exploiters.” revolution and the defeat of a rev pose. olution. Had Stalin’s line prevailed However, the morale of the the revolutionary forces would prisoners is high. They named have been mercilessly crushed, as their cell block “free territory of . . . Urges Trotsky’s Rehabilitation in 1925-27, and the imperialist America,” for in this small part (Continued from Page 1) ing cablegram sent by its national subjugation of China would have on Nov. 2. Taking note of Khrush secretary, Farrell Dobbs, to created vastly different perspec chev’s statements at the recent Khrushchev on Nov. 2: “The in tives for our time. Victorious, the Soviet Communist Party Congress terest of the world working class Chinese revolution has given a that Stalin had provoked the as demands that the Soviet govern tremendous impulse to world rev sassination of Sergei Kirov, she ment do full justice to all the in olutionary development as can be seen in Asia, Africa and Latin called for a complete public re nocent victims of Stalin’s purges DETROIT view of the 1936 Moscow trials at America. discussed at the 22nd Congress. This historical background en William F. Warde, noted Marxist which Leon Trotsky and other Foremost among them were Le author and lecturer, speaks on Where Is ables us to decipher the debate Bolshevik leaders were declared nin’s associates headed by Leon America Going? Fri., Nov. 17, 8 p.m. traitors and fascists. She further on “peaceful coexistence” which Debs Hall, 3737 Woodward. Trotsky who was slandered and marks the present stage of the called for an investigation of her murdered for opposing Stalin’s • husband’s assassination and for collision between Moscow and course and exposing his crimes Mao Tse-tung Peking. CHICAGO publication of all his writings in while these were being committed. Where Is America Going? — Two so the Soviet Union. Prior to their The Moscow Trials must be en cialist views — Dr. Herbert Aptheker, suppression by Stalin, 22 Volumes tirely reviewed and repudiated. editor, Political Affairs, and William F. of Trotsky’s works had been pub W arde, contributor to The Militant and The writings of Trotsky and those International Socialist Review. Sat., Nov. lished in the USSR. leaders who really remained faith 18, 8 p.m. International House, Assem In the U.S. the Socialist Work ful to Bolshevism should be pub bly Hall, 1414 East 59th St. Contrib. $1 ers Party made public the follow- lished in full so that Soviet citi City Quota Paid Percent (Students 25 cents.) Ausp. Young So zens can learn the true views for cialist Alliance. which they paid with their lives.” Connecticut $ 160.00 $ 190.00 119 • Cleveland 530.00 578.00 109 LOS ANGELES Special Offer Berkeley-Oakland 530.00 569.00 107 Read the Original Exposé San Francisco 600.00 102 Two Sunday Classes. Through Nov. 25. 612.00 San Diego 300.00 306.00 102 ( I ) Current Economic Thinking in the To New Readers In 1934, the murder of Sergei Light of Marxist Theory. Instructor, Kirov, a Soviet official, was used to Boston 600.00 605.00 101 Theodore Edwards. Each Sunday at 11 A four-month trial sub trigger the Moscow frame-up trials. Denver 100.00 100.00 100 a.m. (2) Strategy in the Struggle for scription to The Militant for Now, at the 22nd Soviet Communist Chicago 900.00 900.00 100 Negro Liberation in the U.S. By Negro Congress, Khrushchev told of evi Twin Cities 1,300.00 1,300.00 100 only 50 cents. Send this cou dence that Kirov had actually been Affairs Committee, M ilitant Labor Forum. St. Louis 95.00 95.00 100 Each Sunday at 12:30 p.m. All ses pon with payment to: The killed by Stalin's secret police. Detroit 665.00 665.00 100 sions at Forum Hall, 1702 E. 4th St. Militant, 116 University This charge was made by Leon C ontrib. 50 cents per session. Ausp. Trotsky immediately after the killing Los Angeles 5,300.00 5,300.00 100 M ilitant Labor Forum. Place, New York 3, N.Y. in a remarkable pamphlet entitled: Philadelphia 320.00 320.00 100 THE KIROV Newark 160.00 160.00 100 Name ...... ASSASSINATION Allentown 130.00 130.00 100_ N EW YORK New York 4,700.00 4,700.00 100 Long out of print, the pamphlet is The 22nd Soviet Congress — Why Street ...... Seattle 530.00 530.00 100 Khrushchev Smashed the Stalin "Cult." again available. Send 25 cents for a copy. Milwaukee 320.00 320.00 100 An analysis by Murry Weiss, editor of General 311.00 International Socialist Review. Fri., Nov. C ity ...... Zone___ PIONEER PUBLISHERS 17, 8:30 p.m. 116 University Place. Con 116 University Place $17,240.00 $17,691.00 103 trib. 50 cents. Ausp. M ilitant Labor State ...... New York 3. N. Y. Forum. Monday, November 13, 1961 THE MILITANT Page Three Facts from Friends of Cuba t h e MILITANT The following letter was sent to execution of persons convicted of rice and beans, are today eating Editor: JOSEPH HANSEN President Kennedy last month criminal activity means that a better than ever. There are some Managing Editor: GEORGE LAVAN Business Manager: KAROLYN KERRY from Amigos de Cuba. It was reign of terror exists in Cuba. The shortages of food in the stores, but signed by Harold Spencer, presi truth is the following: Every per the explanation of these shortages Published weekly, except for omission of five summer issues, by The Militant dent, and Angela Moutsos, sec son charged with a crime has a is proof that the standard of liv-. Publishing A ss’n., 116 U niversity PL, N ew Y ork 3, N.Y. Phone CH 3-2140. Second- retary. trial as prescribed by Cuban law ing in Cuba is improving. There class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Subscription: $3 a year; Canadian, $3.50; ;J : sfc % foreign, $4.50. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represent The with the facts in every case re has been an increase of over $500,- Militant’s views. These are expressed in editorials. Amigos de Cuba, an organiza ported by the Cuban press. 000,000 in wages here, which tends tion of United States citizens now Authorities here consider most of to make some products more Vol. 25 - No. 41 'SD' 345 M onday, N ovem ber 13, 1961 living in Cuba, dedicated to the the criminals as dupes of the scarce only because working peo establishment of friendly relations CIA, and appear to believe that ple who used to be lower-paid between our country and Cuba, they can be shown the error of or unemployed could not afford to feels that it is our duty to ad their ways. Therefore, the death buy them before, but are able to dress you again. penalty is given to only a small do so now. Some of us had the Algerians and the "Free World" We wish to remind you, Mr. minority of the convicted crim privilege of visiting the homes of President, that between November inals — to those whose crimes are The price of liberty runs high in what U.S. politicians with some of these workers, and to eat of 1960 and March of 1961, we so abhorrent that they are deemed with them at their tables, and perfectly straight faces refer to as the “free world.” The price sent you three communications. In incapable of rehabilitation. Far from these experiences we are in suffering and blood paid by the Algerian people is a grue each one, we asked you to stop from looking at this judicial convinced that for them there are some example. For seven years now they have been suffering preparations that were being process as a “reign of terror,” the no “shortages.” If they have no mass deportations, tortures and mass killings because of their made during that period to invade average Cuban is in favor of butter today, well, they didn’t stubborn fight for the elementary right of national independence. Cuba. We informed you that re sterner justice. We have attended have it before the revolution, peated statements emanating from meetings here, such as the one, either. But now they have meat, On Nov. 1, the seventh anniversary of the outbreak of their U.S. Government sources to the revolt, the people in French-occupied areas of Algeria once again for instance, that was called to and eggs, and milk, and many effect that the Cuban people were protest the killing of Conrado other foods that they hardly ever demonstrated their desire for independence. Police and troops divided and dissatisfied with their Benitz, an 18-year-old youth who tasted before. We have friends also murdered many of the demonstrators — the notoriously falsified government were entirely false. had enlisted in the great army of who used to belong to the higher official figures admit some 80 Moslems killed, but the actual num We tried to convince you that we volunteer teachers devoted to the income, and they tell us that they ber probably runs into many hundreds. were in a position to observe con task of wiping out illiteracy in don’t have as much meat and eggs ditions here, and anxious to pre Cuba by the end of this year. He and butter as before. But most of Several weeks earlier Algerians living in France — some sent the truth to you, and that it 200,000 are forced by hunger and unemployment in their own was walking one night on the them appreciate the justice of hav was our opinion that the Cuban ing less now, so that others who country to seek work in France — protested a racist curfew lonely road to the farmhouse people would fight valiantly to where his students were, and on had none may have some. And which forbade them to be on the streets after between twilight defend their country. the way, he was seized by a group certainly we have heard some and dawn. Some 30,000 Algerians in Paris attempted to stage a Estimate Verified of counter-revolutionaries and grumbling among some of this protest .march. lynched. If you think, Mr. Presi group which have not yet been The French police engaged in such brutalities as they have The defeat of the invasion dent, that any law-abiding per touched by the spirit of the rev forces at Playa Giron on April 17, not dared since they worked for Hitler and Petain. Official figures son here is opposed to the execu olution. But their dissatisfaction directed by the United States, is tion of counter-revolutionary mur is insignificant measured against admit only four Algerians killed. But many were murdered or proof that our estimate was cor clubbed into unconsciousness and thrown in the Seine. Paris derers, you should have been with the happiness of the large major rect, and that the information on us at this meeting, to hear the ity who are now enjoying an im councilman Claude Bourdet, editor of France-Observateur, speaks which you acted (apparently fed Cuban people shouting “Paredon, proved diet. of 140 drowned and 50 others murdered. Sixty bodies have been to you by the CIA) was wrong. Paredon.” Let us assure you that found in the Seine or in parks. Over 15,000 Algerians were forced Now it appears that you are pre the Cuban people, generally gen It Just Won’t Pay to run the gauntlet of clubs and rifle butts into improvised con paring another invasion of Cuba, erous and friendly, at the same In this communication, Mr. centration camps. and that your decision is again in time want their government to use fluenced by false reports. We whatever measures are necessary President, we do not deal with As part of the self-restraint and cooperation with foreign hope, therefore, that you will give your moral responsibility for the policy urged by Kennedy, the U.S. press has ignored or given to root out counter-revolutionary consideration to the observations criminals. last invasion, which brought death only a few lines to this aspect of life in the “free world.” we are reporting to you now. to too many young Cuban militia There are two falsehoods now Eeating Better Than Ever men, and which, if repeated, could being circulated about Cuba — result in a world war with all its Help Free Morton Sobell both designed to give the impres The second falsehood is that nuclear horrors. This matter we sion to those who don’t have ac there is hunger in Cuba. The truth leave to your conscience, which For eleven years Morton Sobell has been imprisoned, a vic cess to the facts, that the Cuban is the following: There is no hun frankly we don’t know how to tim of the hysteria whipped up during the McCarthy era. He was people are dissatisfied with their ger in Cuba, and the vast major appeal to. But we trust that the railroaded on a flimsy charge of “conspiracy” to commit espionage. government, and would welcome ity of people here, who lived be observations that we submit in another invasion. fore the Revolution on an inade The state’s case rested on hearsay evidence from witnesses tainted this letter will appeal to your bus The first falsehood is that the quate diet composed largely of iness sense, and will convince you by perjury and under pressure to save their own skins. that it just wont pay to attempt During these eleven years the Committee to Secure Justice another invasion of Cuba. That is for Morton Sobell has worked valiantly to win his release. An to say, Mr. President, that neither impressive list of notables, and thousands of ordinary citizens, . . . Attack on Pro-Castro Cubans the United Fruit Co., nor Shell now realize justice had not been done in the Sobell case. Numerous Oil Co., nor the ex-owners of the (Continued from Page 1) though long established in the appeals for a retrial or executive clemency have fallen on deaf pliance with such a demand would particular union. sugar plantations, nor any other ears. bring victimization of those whose A courageous, dedicated group, monopolists can hope to regain the Now, the committee working for Sobell’s freedom announces names appeared on the lists. For the July 26 Movement has done privileges they once enjoyed in that in view of the failure to gain a hearing for such appeals, it several years the FBI has con an impressive job of reaching a Cuba, because the Cuban people is taking direct action with public picket lines across the country. ducted a wide-scale campaign of wide number of fellow Americans treasure the freedom they have harassment against Cubans in this with the truth about Cuba and in won, and they mean it when they In New York, the public is urged to join a picket line at the say “Patria o Muerte.” United Nations on Thursday, Nov. 16, between 5 and 6:30 p.m. country known or suspected to be establishing solidarity in Cuban- sympathetic to the Castro govern American communities in support We told you this before the The appeal at the UN will be followed by a large gathering ment. of the revolution in their home April 17th invasion. It is just as in Washington, D. C., at the White House. Special buses will leave Since the federal demand for land. true now. from New York at 9 a.m. from the Sobell Committee office at the lists, the wire services have 940 Broadway. The round-trip fare is $10, and the buses will re reported that Sanchez and Trujil turn the same day. lo have left the country and are X m a s Bo o k List Similar actions are being planned across the country. Con returning to Cuba. BOOKS AN PAMPHLETS MY LIFE. Recently reprinted auto- i tributions to support these actions may be sent to: Committee to The intimidating nature of the biography. Paper, $2.45. f Secure Justice for Morton Sobell, 940 Broadway, New York, N. Y. demand for the lists was pointed ON CUBA WHITHER FRANCE. The French so- ' up just prior to the issuance of the UN SPEECH, by Fidel Castro. Pa cial crisis as analyzed in the mid-1930’s. ' per, 25c. Special price, paper, $1.45. federal summons when FBI MAY DAY SPEECH, by Fidel Castro agents made simultaneous ap and ECONOMIC PLANNING IN CUBA, LITERATURE AND REVOLUTION. by Che G uevara. 50c. A brilliant exposition of the role o£ The ICC Bus Terminal Ruling pearances at July 26 headquarters HISTORY WILL ABSOLVE ME, by the artist in a workers’ state. Cloth, Fidel Castro. $1. $2.98, paper, $1.50. throughout the country demand CASTRO SPEAKS ON UNEMPLOY WHERE IS BRITAIN GOING? An To get the job done, opponents of segregation must act for ing local records of members and MENT. 25c. analysis of the British general strike themselves rather than rely on the federal government to do it contributors. No records were FIDEL CASTRO SPEAKS TO THE of 1926 and the perspectives of British CHILDREN. 25c. im perialism . Paper, $1.50. for them. This fact of life is being underscored by the Justice De available. CUBA’S SOCIALIST DESTINY, by Fidel Castro. 25c. BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS BY partment’s handling of the problem of segregation in Southern Even more ominous, in his an THE DECLARATION OF HAVANA. bus terminals. nual report to the president last 10c. JAMES P. CANNON month, FBI chieftain J. Edgar GUERRILLA WARFARE, by Che NOTEBOOK ÓF AN AGITATOR. The At the peak of the Freedom Rides last summer, Attorney Gen Guevara. Cloth, $3. views and insights of a veteran so eral Kennedy tried to put an end to the movement by announc Hoover declared the presence of LISTEN, YANKEE!, by C. Wright cialist as expressed in articles written some 100,000 alien Cubans here a Mills. Paper, 50c. over three decades. Ranges from the ing that the Interstate Commerce Commission was preparing an SARTRE ON CUBA, by Jean-Paul Sacco-Vanzetti case to reviews of Hol “threat” to U.S. security. He as Sartre. P aper, 50c. lyw ood film s. Cloth, $4, paper, $2.50. edict banning segregation in public transportation. CUBA: ANATOMY OF A REVOLU serted that the existence of the TION, by Leo Huberman and Paul THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN This long-overdue ruling went into effect Nov. 2. (It’s rea Castro government created a Sweezey. Paper, $1.75. TROTSKYISM. A participant’s account. sonable to assume the ICC wouldn’t have acted with even that BIOGRAPHY OF A REVOLU Cloth, $2.75, paper, $2. “domestic espionage” problem for TION, by Robert Taber. Cloth, $4.95. THE STRUGGLE FOR A PROLETAR degree of “deliberate speed” if it hadn’t been for the Freedom the U.S. and singled out the July HOW CUBA UPROOTED RACE DIS IAN PARTY. A compilation of articles 26 Movement, along with the Fair CRIMINATION, by Harry Ring. 15c. written during a 1940 political dispute Rides.) THE TRUTH ABOUT CUBA, by Jo in the Socialist Workers Party, this is But municipalities in at least three states —- Mississippi, Play for Cuba Committee, as ex seph H ansen, 25c. a first-rate exposition of the Leninist amples of this “dangerous” devel IN DEFENSE OF THE CUBAN REV concept of dem ocratic centralism . $2.75. Louisiana and Georgia — are defying the order which calls for OLUTION, by Joseph Hansen. 25c. opment. SOCIALISM ON TRIAL. Stenogram an end to separate terminal waiting rooms for whites and Negroes. MARXIST CLASSICS of Cannon’s testimony in the country’s The efforts to break up the July THE CIVIL WAR IN THE UNITED first Smith Act trial, this is a simple, In Jackson, Miss., three Negroes were arrested for entering 26 Movement have included il STATES, by Marx and Engels. $1.95. vivid exposition of the socialist view “white” waiting rooms. SELECTED PHILOSOPHICAL point. 50c. legal pressure on pro-Castro WORKS, Vol. 1, by G. Plekhanov. $3.75. AMERICA’S ROAD TO SOCIALISM. The response of the Kennedy administration to this flouting Cubans. Young men have been BASIC WRITINGS OF MARX AND A series of lectures assessing our coun ENGELS, edited by Lewis S. Feuer. Pa try ’s p resent and future. 35c. of federal regulations? Further interminable court procedures. threatened by FBI agents with per, $1.45. SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY. In The Justice Department has ruled suit in a federal district court immediate induction into the FOUNDATIONS OF CHRISTIANITY, valuable as an aid to understanding the by Karl Kautsky. Cloth, $3, paper, $1.95. current conflict in the Soviet coun in Mississippi asking nullification of state laws upholding trans armed services. Others have been tries. 15c. fired from jobs after FBI visits BOOKS BY LEON TROTSKY TO THE MEMORY OF THE OLD portation. A suit of this kind is a cinch to drag on for a good long TERRORISM AND COMMUNISM. A MAN. An eloquent memorial tribute to to their places of work. In some classic work of Marxist theory. Out of Leon Trotsky after his assassination in time. cases union officials appear to print for three decades. Paper, $1.95. 1940. 10c. Meanwhile, Negro citizens will continue to suffer the humilia have cooperated in the victimiza PIONEER PUBLISHERS tion of travel segregation — unless a militant mass movement tions. Some of those fired have cuts through the red tape and compels the racists to abide by 116 University Place been unable to obtain new jobs New York 3, N. Y. the law of the land. through union hiring halls even Page Four THE MILITANT Monday, November 13, 1961

A Noteworthy Labor Novel Letters from Our Readers serial in every issue to teaching THE INTERNATIONAL. By Al Crucial Period ture, he sees himself as a gas sta the fundamental concepts and fred Maund. 361 pp. New York: tion owner or a used car sales- Beloit, Wis. McGraw-Hill, 1961, $5.95. Enclosed please find $5 as a writings of our great leading so man. The thought of going back cialists, past and present. to work in the factory in order to contribution to your fund drive. This book, described oh the (b) Change the name of The stay with the labor movement and These days, events here and jacket as a novel about a labor abroad are fast approaching what Militant to: The Socialist Times continue the fight for “his people” Weekly—America’s Militant Safe union, is noteworthy for two rea never enters his mind. may well be the most crucial pe sons. First, it is a serious novel riod in world history—politically, guard Against Communism, Dic The author’s optimism will earn tators and Tyranny. Published in which defies the contemporary him critical licks from many quar economically and militarily. mood of pessimism prevalent The big business-dominated the Interests of the Working Peo ters. He leaves the distinct im ple. among serious American writers. pression that the American people medias of communication with Second, its subject matter is the which we are deluged makes your Let us improve upon the fore are still human and won’t let the going suggestions. What are the bureaucracy of a labor union (the country go to the dogs. He sees voice of reason sorely needed in jacket description is too broad, deed. thoughts of other readers? Negro-white solidarity possible M.F. just as the common conception of among workers in the Deep South. T.E.R. a labor union is too narrow.) [The Militant welcomes all sug He sees the bureaucracy falling Too Strident? gestions and criticisms from its It is subject matter too long out under pressure from the com neglected by novelists, who, all Grosse Pointe Woods, Mich. readers, particularly those intend panies, and the force of the rank ed to help bring the message of things considered, are probably and file finding some expression. I have been retired for 10 years the only writers capable of doing and am reduced to a small living socialism to more people. How One might even think he is opti ever, we disagree with M.F.’s sug it justice at this time. Most of the mistic about the bureaucracy re income. But I want to do what books written about the contem little I can to support your good gestion that we take a stand forming itself. “against Communism.” We agree porary officialdom of the trade But then there’s the girl who work. unions are commissioned “his Also, I should like to make a with him completely that socialism tells the convention she is dis and democracy are indivisible and tories” or their equivalent. They appointed in the union because it criticism. I think more people are taken seriously only by those would stop to read if your titles that this fact must be brought to seems more concerned with main the American people. But, while who had them written and are taining a balance with the bosses were not so blaring and your style usually too dull for anyone else Alfred Maund toned down a little. the crimes of Stalin were commit than with fighting the exploitation ted in the name of “Communism,” to read all the way through. of man by man, including the ex I think we would get further who sees the implant problems faster by keeping the sharp we believe that bureaucratic re Some Classic Types mounting in the face of techno ploitation of women and Negroes. pressions are the very opposite logical change. Out of personal But worst of all, he has the good corners rounded off a little. This one novel gives more in I know someone has to take a of genuine communism which, in strength of character more than guy winning a fairly clear victory scientific terms, designates the sight into the flesh and blood de in the end. Such an outcome is beating without getting anything tail of the labor officialdom since tradition, he bucks the old man highest stage of a classless, demo to prepare the union for struggle. not very true to life in the Ameri for it. It is the myriads in the World War II than all the official past who have taken beatings cratic socialist society. But when his job is threatened as can union movement — yet! biographies and books by socio and losses to whom we are be Capitalist propagandists have a result, and he muses on his fu —Fred Halstead logists put together. Here are a holden for having gotten as far exploited the crimes of Stalinism number of the classic types in as we have now. to befoul the word in the minds what is the most contradictory, Enclosed find check for $3. of countless workers. We consider complex, crucial and misunder G.F.T. it a responsibility to re-establish stood caste in our society. Colgate’s Labor Policy Has B. O. the real meaning of the concept of communism as the loftiest goal Not that this is a definitive By Maria di Savio health insurance paid entirely by Blow to Peace Fight work, or a novel of great sweep. the company, increased sick leave mankind has yet envisioned.— BERKELEY — A round-the- Washington It deals with one particular type (from five days a year allowed Find enclosed $10 toward the E d i t o r .] of union, and not the dominant clock picket line, a cross-country now to 15), and a retirement plan “boycott bus,” and nation-wide Militant Fund. Query to Khrushchev type at that. As writing, it is a paid for by the company. These The recent bomb tests by the racy story, heavy on plot, action distribution of leaflets, are the welfare demands meet the general Baltimore, Md. weapons being used by 450 work Russians have left many who had excitement, tension and climax. practice in the Bay Area. But Col looked to them for the lead in a Denouncing the crimes of Stalin Too heavy for my taste. It tends ers striking the Colgate Palmolive gate r replied with a flat offer of a during the Oct. 27 session of the Co. for equalization of wage rates. ¢ lasting world peace look like fools. to obscure the characters. But they 12¢ wage increase the first year Where I stood ready to condemn 22nd Party Congress, Soviet pre are there, for those who want to Members of the Oakland Divi and 8¢ the second year, and re the U.S. bomb testing I condemn mier Khrushchev suggested, “Per see them. sion of the International Long fused to consider the welfare de the Russians, They have done the haps we should erect a monument There is the International pres shore men’s and Warehousemen’s mands at all. This is the final in Moscow to perpetuate the mem Union Local 6 struck on Sept. 15 peace movement the world round ident, a sour, selfish, shrewd old “offer” of the company which a blow that will take years to ory of comrades who fell victim man for whom the union is him after 39 negotiating sessions with declines any further negotiation. heal. to arbitrary rule.” Colgate and after working with self, whose guiding rule is not to Boycott leaflets are being distrib Student One question, Mister Chairman. rock the boat with the companies, out a contract since April 1. The uted at Northern California su Just where is the statue of Trot growing into his dotage without workers’ demands are modest — permarkets by ILWU Locals 6, 11 A Complaint sky to be placed? warmth, and scheming to spend parity with the rest of the ware and 17. As a result many have Farmington, Mich. D.S. the union’s resources on a farm — housing and processing industry removed Colgate Palmolive prod This subscriber to The Militant like that of his childhood — to be in Northern California. Colgate ucts from their shelves. has a complaint to offer. It’s in W ants Tour Tips a union training school, a place Palmolive, which made over $21 Besides products bearing the tended as constructive criticism. I am in the process of planning for his own retirement, and a million in profits after taxes in names Colgate and Palmolive, the I’m prompted by your recently an itinerary for a trip through monument to him after death. 1960, paid its ILWU workers 31¢ Company manufactures the fol published circulation figures. What Eastern Europe including the So There is the delicious little por an hour less than the Master Con lowing: Ajax, Fab, Vel, Wildroot a shame! viet Union. Any information or trait of the professional intellec tract rates in the Bay Area (San Cream Oil, Halo Shampoo, Cash- I insist that the circulation suggestions regarding accommoda tual who is the International’s Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley) and mere Bouquet, Lustre Creme and carrying the message of scientific tions, thrifty methods, etc., your research director, a man of ideas approximately 271/2¢ less than paid Poise. Letters announcing support socialism be increased by at least readers can pass on to me would and principles — and rationaliza by a major competitor, Proctor of the boycott should be sent to 100,000 within the next two years. be greatly appreciated. tions — and fear of the real move and Gamble, in Los Angeles. George Lesch, President; Colgate Yes, it can be done. Our over- H.K. ment in the marrow of his bones. Besides parity in wages, the Palmolive Co.; 300 Park Ave.; zealous capitalistic friends on [Readers with suggestions may There is the regional director, strikers want parity in welfare: New York 22, N.Y. Madison Avenue would laugh at send them to H.K. c/o The Mili such a modest proposed objective. tant, 116 University Place, New These boys could undoubtedly do York 3, N. Y. We’ll be glad to the job in about 90 days. forward them.—Editor.] The editorials, feature articles and over-all contents of The Mili On Berlin It Was Reported in the Press tant are excellent. No complaint Mason, Ohio in these respects. The Berlin situation might be Now You’ve Heard Everything major rivals that Stalin ousted Labor Views Unwelcome — The clarified if you reprinted the car — Ultra-rightist Senator Barry from power after Lenin’s death. United Auto Workers has pro Let us realize that every gov ernment in the world today would toon by L. Gray from the time Goldwater of Arizona has been Trotsky had championed the right tested to the Federal Communica of one of the World War II con charged with membership in an of Communists to criticize the tions Commission against the re be socialist and really democratic had it not been for such usurping ferences of the “Big Three.” organization which furthers the regime and had denounced Stalin’s fusal of Cincinnati radio station It showed FDR, Stalin and aims of communism. The blast policies as “bureaucratic degenera WLW’s refusal to renew the UAW- tyrants as Stalin, Franco, Hitler and the other ruthless dictators Churchill around a campfire with came from a home-town group — tion.” sponsored news program, Eye a pot bubbling on the fire and was Opener. The program, which fea who murdered their way to power. the “Stay American Committee” Incidental Intelligence — Rus captioned, An Ugly Stew. tures newscaster Guy Nunn, is Remember, too, that no progres of Phoenix — which demanded sian peasants who missed recent The cartoon would bring out the FBI probe the National Mu broadcasts of Radio Liberty, which carried by 16 stations around the sive advance has ever occurred in what sad leaders we’ve had in country. nicipal League of which Gold beams cold-war propaganda into history which was not, at the be the past—carving a city in pieces. water is a vice-president. The ginning, a highly controversial the Soviet Union, lost out on some Not Consumer-Tested — The thing. H.C. FBI didn’t have anything on the practical information. The station Saturday Review of Literature and league, a conservative “better- We must also teach and drive says the broadcasts included in the New Yorker have invoked A Correction govemment” organization. structions for making do-it-your advertising bans on fallout shelter home the fact that scientific and A typographical error in our Plain-Talk Department — Last self Geiger counters. items for the time being. The New democratic socialism, far more month the 13,000 non-union sal Yorker said: “It might be unfor than anything else — will thwart last issue changed the meaning of Imperialist “Progress” — B. Mc and stop communistic tyranny aried employes of the Allis- Farland, economist at Australia’s tunate to delude readers on the a sentence in George Lavan’s Chalmers Mfg. Corp. received a benefits of these shelters before both in America and throughout article on the Soviet Communist Queensland University, recently better standards for their perform the world. letter notifying them that their told students there that on a world Party Congress. A sentence in the pay was being cut from five to ance are available.” Therefore, for a starter, what study tour he had found that liv is needed now and in the imme fifth paragraph read that Stalin 25 per cent. The letter simply ing standards are falling, rather No Immunity — Members of the stated that the cut was being diate future is: had long been “defied” by the than rising, in the colonial coun ultra-swank Fifth Avenue Club made as a “temporary economic tries and that more people are (a) To devote at least one col government and party apparatus. measure to boost profit margins.” dying of starvation. He said: in New York were startled recent umn, or article or educational The word intended was, “deified.” Khrushchev, Stalin and Trotsky “Highly developed western coun ly when waiters began asking — An Oct. 31 editorial in the tries must take the major share them if they preferred butter or Minneapolis Morning Tribune of of the blame for the continuing margarine with their meals. In Thought for the Week fered this appraisal of current poverty of Asia and Latin Amer vestigation disclosed that several “Cops don’t pick on quiet drunks. They’re not supposed to pick on political developments in Moscow: ica.” A basic solution of the prob prominent members of the club loud drunks, but the only witnesses to these off-the-cuff pummelings “Do Khrushchev’s efforts to down lems of these areas would come, were officers of a margarine com grade Stalin make him a Trot- he said, only with diversification pany and had pressured the club are the drunks themselves — and you’ll get five sober cops to say it Skyite? Hardly. Yet it is true that of their economies and “socialist management into pushing their never happened.” — Columnist Paul Thompson in the San Antonio, Leon Trotsky was the first of the economic planning.” products. Texas, Express & News.