/Fort Worth International Airport

For the DART Light Rail station at the airport, see In 1940 the Civil Aeronautics Administration earmarked Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DART station). $1.9 million for the construction of a Dallas/Fort Worth Regional Airport. American and Braniff Air- Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (IATA: ways struck a deal with the city of Arlington to build an airport there, but the governments of Dallas and Fort DFW, ICAO: KDFW, FAA LID: DFW) is the pri- mary international airport serving the Dallas–Fort Worth Worth disagreed over its construction and the project was abandoned in 1942. After World War II, Fort Worth an- metroplex in the U.S. state of . It is the largest hub [9] for , which is headquartered near the nexed the site and developed it into Amon Carter Field airport. with the help of American Airlines. In 1953 Fort Worth transferred its commercial flights from Meacham Field DFW has a total area of 78 square kilometres (30 sq to the new airport, which was 12 miles (19 km) from mi),[3] making it the largest airport in Texas and the sec- . In 1960 Fort Worth purchased Amon ond largest in the (behind Inter- Carter Field and renamed it Greater Southwest Interna- national Airport). It is the third busiest airport in the tional Airport GSW in an attempt to compete with Dallas’ world[2] by aircraft movements, and the ninth busiest air- airport, but GSW’s traffic continued to decline relative to port in the world by passenger traffic.[4] It is the tenth bus- Dallas Love Field. By the mid-1960s Fort Worth was get- iest international gateway in the United States and second ting 1% of Texas air traffic while Dallas was getting 49%, busiest in Texas (behind Intercontinental).[5] which led to the virtual abandonment of GSW. Located roughly halfway between the major cities of The joint airport proposal was revisited in 1961 after Dallas and Fort Worth, DFW spills across portions of the FAA refused to invest more money in separate Dal- Dallas and Tarrant counties, and includes portions of the las and Fort Worth airports. Although the Fort Worth cities of Irving, Euless, Grapevine, and Coppell.[4] It has airport was eventually abandoned, Dallas Love Field be- its own post office ZIP code and United States Postal Ser- came congested and had no more room to expand. Fol- vice city designation (“DFW Airport, TX”), as well as lowing an order from the federal government in 1964 that its own police, fire protection, and emergency medical they would unilaterally choose a site if both cities could services.[6] The members of the airport’s board of direc- not come to an agreement on a site, officials from the two tors are appointed by the “owner cities” of Dallas and Fort cities finally agreed on a location for a new regional air- Worth, with a non-voting member chosen from the air- port that was north of the abandoned GSW and almost port’s four neighboring cities on a rotating basis. equidistant from the two city centers. The land was pur- As of October 2014, DFW Airport has service to a total chased by both cities in 1966, and construction began in of 202 destinations, including 55 international and 147 1969. domestic destinations with the U.S.[7] In surpassing 200+ Voters went to the polls in cities throughout the Dallas/Ft total destinations, DFW joined a select group of airports Worth Metroplex area to approve the new North Texas worldwide with that distinction, including Frankfurt Air- Regional Airport, which it was originally named after the port, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, Charles de Gaulle North Texas Commission that was instrumental in the re- Airport, Hartsfield–Jackson International Air- gional airport coming to fruition. The North Texas Com- port, O'Hare International Airport, Munich Air- mission formed the North Texas Airport Commission to port, and Dubai International Airport.[8] oversee the planning and construction of the giant air- port. Metroplex voters unanimously approved the airport referendum and the new North Texas Regional Airport 1 History would become a reality.[10] Under the original 1967 airport design, DFW was to have 1.1 Planning pier-shaped terminals perpendicular to a central high- way. In 1968, the design was revised to provide for semi- As early as 1927, before the area had an airport, Dallas circular terminals, which served to isolate loading and proposed a joint airport with Fort Worth. Fort Worth unloading areas from the central highway, and to pro- declined the offer, and thus the two cities opened their vide additional room for parking in the middle of each [11] own airports, Love Field and Meacham Field, which each semicircle. There were a total of thirteen such termi- had scheduled service. nals in the original airport plan, but only four were ini-

1 2 1 HISTORY

tially built.[12][13] to a building in Fort Worth located near DFW Airport on January 17, 1983; the airline began leasing the facility from the airport, which owns the facility.[20] By 1984, the 1.2 Opening and operations American hub occupied most of Terminal 3E and part of Terminal 2E.[21] American’s hub grew to fill all of Ter- DFW held an open house and dedication ceremony on minal 2E by 1991.[22] American also began long-haul in- September 20–23, 1973, which included the first land- ternational service from DFW, adding flights to London ing of a supersonic Concorde in the United States, an in 1982 and Tokyo in 1987.[23] Air France aircraft en route from Caracas to Paris.[11] The attendees at the airport’s dedication included former also built up a hub operation at DFW, Texas Governor John Connally, Transportation Secretary which occupied most of Terminal 4E through the [21][22] Claude Brinegar, U.S. Senator Lloyd Bentsen and Texas 1990s. The Delta hub peaked around 1991, when Governor Dolph Briscoe.[14] The airport opened for com- Delta had a 35% market share at DFW; its share was mercial service as Dallas/Fort Worth Regional Airport halved by 2004, with many former routes down- [24] on January 13, 1974, at a cost of $700 million. The name graded to more frequent regional jet service in 2003. change to Dallas/Fort Worth International did not occur Delta finally closed its DFW hub in 2004 in a restructur- until 1985. ing of the airline to avoid bankruptcy, cutting its DFW operation to only 21 flights a day from over 250, and re- At the time of its opening, DFW had four terminals, deploying aircraft to hubs in Cincinnati, Atlanta and Salt [12] numbered 2W, 2E, 3E and 4E. During its first year Lake City. Prior to the closure, Delta had a 17.3% mar- of operations, the airport was served by American Air- ket share at DFW.[25] After the closing of Delta’s hub, lines, Braniff International Airways, Continental Air- DFW offered incentives to to relocate lines, Delta Air Lines, , Frontier Air- its service to DFW from Love Field, but Southwest, as in lines, Ozark Air Lines, Rio Airways and Texas Inter- the past, chose to stay at Love Field. .[15] The of 1979 banned long-distance flights from Love Field,[16] leaving Southwest Airlines as Love Field’s only jet carrier.[17]

Illustration of plans for the airport Aerial view of DFW, prior to the construction of Terminal D Braniff International Airways was a major operator at DFW in the airport’s early years, operating a hub from In 1989 the airport authority announced plans to rebuild Terminal 2W with international flights to South Amer- the existing terminals and add two runways. After an en- ica and Mexico from 1974, London from 1978 and Eu- vironmental impact study was released the following year, rope and Asia from 1979, before ceasing all operations the cities of Irving, Euless, and Grapevine sued the air- in 1982.[18] During the Braniff hub era, DFW was one port over its extension plans, a battle that was finally de- of only four U.S. airports to have scheduled Concorde cided (in favor of the airport) by the US Supreme Court service; Braniff commenced scheduled Concorde service in 1994. The seventh runway opened in 1996. The 4 from Dallas to Washington from 1979 to 1980, using primary North-South runways (those closest to the ter- British Airways and Air France aircraft temporarily re- minals) were all lengthened from 11,388 feet (3,471 m) registered to Braniff while flying within the United States. to their present length of 13,400 feet (4,084 m). The first, British Airways later briefly flew Concorde to Dallas in 17R/35L, was extended in 1996 (at the same time the new 1988 as a substitute for its ordinarily scheduled DC-10 runway was constructed), and the other three (17C/35C, service.[11] 18L/36R, and 18R/36L) were extended in 2005. DFW is Following airline deregulation, American Airlines, which now the only airport in the world with 4 serviceable paved had already been one of the largest carriers serving the runways longer than 4,000 metres (13,123 ft). Dallas/Fort Worth area for many years, established its Terminal D, built for international flights, and Skylink, first hub at DFW on June 11, 1981.[19] American fin- a modern bidirectional people mover system, opened in ished moving its headquarters from Grand Prairie, Texas 2005.[26][27] 2.1 Terminal A 3

From 2004 to 2012, DFW was one of two US Army DFW’s terminals are designed to minimize the distance “Personnel Assistance Points” which received US troops between a passenger’s car and airplane as well as reduce returning from wars in Iraq and Afghanistan for rest traffic around terminals. A consequence of this layout and recuperation. This ended on March 14, 2012 and is that connecting passengers had to walk extremely long Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport became distances between gates (in order to walk from one end the sole Personnel Assistance Point.[28] of the semicircular concourse to the other, one must walk the entire length; there were no shortcuts between the ends). The original people mover train (Airtrans APM, 2 Terminals later the American Airlines TrAAin) which opened with the airport was notoriously slow (17 mph (27 km/h)), uni- directional (running only in a counter-clockwise direc- tion), and was located outside the secured area (thus re- quiring travelers to go through the security process again). It was replaced by SkyLink in April 2005 after serving approximately 250 million passengers.[31] Skylink serves all five terminals at a considerably higher speed (up to 35 mph (56 km/h)), is bi-directional, and is located inside the secured area.[27] DFW Airport is undergoing a $2.7 billion[32] “Terminal Renewal and Improvement Program” (TRIP), which en- A terminal map of Dallas/Fort Worth Airport compasses renovations of the original four terminals (A, B, C and E). Work on the project began following the conclusion of Super Bowl XLV in February 2011. Ter- minal A was the first terminal to undergo these renova- tions. Gates A6-A16 were completed in April 2013, the whole terminal should be completed sometime in 2015, and the entire TRIP project should be complete by the end of 2018.[33] The airport has completed a US $2.8 million renovation of Terminal D to accommodate the double-deck Airbus A380.[34][35]

2.1 Terminal A

A passenger footbridge at terminal D.

Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport has five terminals totaling 165 gates.[29] The airport is designed with expansion in mind, and can theoretically accom- modate up to thirteen terminals totaling 260 gates, although this level of expansion is unlikely to be reached in the foreseeable future. The initial four terminals were designed by Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum and Brodsky, Hopf & Adler.[30] The terminals at DFW are semicircular (except for the newest terminal, Terminal D, which is a “square U” Numerous American Airlines aircraft at the airport in 2005 shape) and built around the airport’s central north-south arterial road, Spur 97, also known as “International Park- American Airlines and its regional affiliate American Ea- way.” Until the late 1990s, they were designated by a gle have a large presence at Dallas/Fort Worth. The number (2 being northernmost, 4 being southernmost) world’s largest airline, as of December 9, 2013, oper- and a letter suffix (“E” for East, “W” for West). This ates its largest hub at DFW. The two airlines operate at system was later scrapped, and the terminals are now let- four of the five terminals at the airport. Terminal A, pre- tered from A to E. Terminals A, C, and E (from north to viously called “Terminal 2E” when the airport was first south) are on the east side of the airport, while Terminals opened, is fully occupied by American Airlines for do- B and D (from north to south) are on the west side. mestic flights. Prior to the opening of Terminal D, Ter- 4 2 TERMINALS minal A operated most of AA’s international flights at the C14–C17, C19–C22, C24–C33, C35–C37, and C39. airport. During the late 1990s, many American Eagle flights began moving to Terminal B. Before Terminal D was opened, American Eagle flights also used a satellite 2.4 International Terminal D terminal (named Satellite Terminal A2) near Terminal A due to gate restraints. Passengers were taken to the satel- lite via shuttle buses from gate A6. Satellite Terminal A2 (Gates A2A–A2N) was abandoned in 2005 when Amer- ican Eagle moved all flights to Terminals B and D. Terminal A and its parking garage has been undergoing renovation, in phases, with two of the three phases now complete. An American Airlines Admirals Club is located at Gate A24. Terminal A has 31 gates: A8–A26, A28–A29, A33– International Terminal D and the Grand Hyatt DFW Hotel A39. International Terminal D is a 2,000,000 sq ft (186,000 m2) facility capable of handling 32,000 passengers daily 2.2 Terminal B or 11.7 million passengers annually. The terminal fea- tures 200 ticketing positions and a federal inspection fa- This terminal was originally called “Terminal 2W” when cility capable of processing 2,800 passengers per hour. the airport first opened. It was formerly occupied by The concession areas consist of 100,000 sq ft (9,290 Braniff International Airways which was the largest car- m2) of retail, including many dining and retail options. rier to open DFW in 1974. Braniff Airways was its main Stores include Mont Blanc, La Bodega Wines, Brook- occupant until May 1982. An “Inter-Faith” Chapel near stone, L'Occitane and many others. The terminal was United’s former gates commemorates the airline. Amer- designed by HKS, HNTB and Corgan Associates, with ican Eagle occupies all gates at Terminal B. AirTran Air- Austin Commercial serving as Construction Manager at ways, , Midwest Airlines and US Air- Risk, L.A. Fuess Partners, Campbell and Associates, and ways (including the former America West Airlines) re- Walter P. Moore serving as structural engineers, and located to Terminal E in 2006. On December 13, 2009, Friberg Associates, Inc., Carter/Burgess, LopezGarcia United moved to Terminal E to join its new Alliance (and Group, and DFW Consulting Group serving as mechan- later Merger) partner – Continental. At that point Amer- ical electrical and plumbing engineers.[39] It officially ican Eagle became the sole operator in Terminal B. Prior opened on July 23, 2005.[40] to the opening of Terminal D, all foreign flag carriers op- The 298-room Grand Hyatt DFW Hotel is directly con- erated from this terminal. nected to the terminal. Under the Airport Access Au- Along with the TRIP improvements, a new 10-gate thorization to Commercial Establishments Beyond the stinger concourse off of Terminal B was constructed be- Screen Checkpoint (AAACE) program, overnight guests tween gates B28 and B33 to accommodate growth.[36] at the hotel who are not flying can obtain a pass to en- ter the concourses to visit shops and restaurants, subject An American Airlines Admirals Club is located at Gate to screening by a law enforcement officer and an iden- B5. tity check against the government’s no-fly list. Terminal B has 49 gates: B1-B3 (FIS optional), B4-B29, Metropolitan Wayne County Airport is the only other air- B30-B39 (North Stinger), B40-B49. port participating in this program.[41] The eight-level parking garage has over 8,100 parking spaces and uses a Smart Technology System that lets 2.3 Terminal C guests know which floors are full. Air-conditioned sky- bridges with moving walkways and elevators connect the American Airlines operates all the gates at Terminal garage to the terminal, and an arrivals canopy roof shields C, originally called “Terminal 3E,” for only domestic pedestrians from inclement weather as they enter and exit flights. A Hyatt Regency hotel is directly adjacent to this the terminal. terminal.[37] A twin hotel building formerly stood across International Parkway, but was demolished for the con- On April 3, 2014 DFW Airport director Sean Donohue struction of Terminal D.[38] announced that Emirates Airlines would upgrade their service from the Boeing 777-200LR to the Airbus A380 An American Airlines Admirals Club is located at Gate from October 1, 2014.[42][43] On May 7, 2014 Qantas an- C20. nounced an upgrade to A380 service beginning Septem- Terminal C has 31 gates: C2–C4, C6–C8, C10–C12, ber 29, 2014,[44] and the airport press agency announced 2.6 Terminal F (future) 5

tion carriers, was closed when Delta closed their DFW hub in 2005. It was briefly used in 2009 to house federal workers who evacuated International Air- port during Hurricane Gustav, and was refurbished and reopened in 2013 to house US Airways and Spirit Air- lines while Terminal E was renovated.[49][50] Terminal E is connected to the other terminals by SkyLink, but lacks a walkway to the other terminals. A Delta SkyClub is located at Gate E10 and a United Club is located at Gate E7. Terminal E has 35 gates: E2, E4-E18, E20-E21, E22- E30 (Satellite Terminal), E31-E38.

Inaugural Qantas Airbus A380 flight parked at the remodeled Gates 15, 16 & 16X of Terminal D. 2.6 Terminal F (future) that Gates 15 & 16 were being renovated to accommo- date the A380 in anticipation of the new service.[45][46] Terminal D had been designed with the A380 in mind;[45] however, loading the double-deck aircraft requires 3 gates with a separate jet bridge to serve first class and business class passengers on the upper level, so the renovations in- cluded the addition of Gate 16X.[35] On September 29, 2014, a Qantas A380–sporting a commemorative cowboy hat and bandana on the Kangaroo tail logo–inaugurated service at the remodeled gates.[35][47] An American Airlines Admirals Club is located at D24. A British Airways Lounge, a Korean Air Lounge, a Lufthansa Lounge, and a QANTAS Business Lounge is located at D21. An American Express Centurion Lounge SkyLink over Terminal E and future site of Terminal F. is located at D17. Terminal D has 30 gates: D6–D8, D10–D12, D14, D15- D16-D16X (A380 gates), D17-D18, D20–D25, D27– D31, D33–D34, D36–D40.

2.5 Terminal E

Terminal E, originally called Terminal 4E, was occupied primarily by Delta Air Lines until Delta closed its hub in 2005 and retained only flights to its other hubs. Delta branded the terminal “Easy Street” and marketed this term to passengers.[48] Today the terminal is used by all U.S.-based carriers at the airport other than American and Sun Country as well as Air Canada Express and Westjet Pre-Custom Clearance flights from Canada. Lufthansa Airbus A330. It had customs facilities that were used when Delta op- erated flights to Frankfurt in the early 1990s, and when A sixth terminal, to be known as Terminal F, would be Air France and Aeroméxico used to serve DFW before located directly south of Terminal D and across Inter- the International Terminal D was constructed. In the national Parkway from Terminal E, in what is currently 2000s, SkyTeam partner airlines Continental and North- the Express South parking lot. Skylink was designed and west moved to gates adjacent to Delta. built to accommodate the eventual Terminal F,[51] as the Terminal E is distinctive in that it has a satellite termi- track follows a roughly semicircular path over the park- nal connected by an underground walkway. The satellite, ing lot, similar to its path at the other terminals, instead previously used by Delta and later used by Delta Connec- of running in a straight line between Terminals D and 6 4 STATISTICS

Terminal D, occupied by a Lufthansa A330 and a Qantas Boeing Airport’s Terminal E. 747-400.

American Airlines MD80 at Terminal D. Airport’s Terminal D.

Airport’s Terminal E. Terminal D’s inside.

E. DFW Airport CEO Sean Donohue has said that Ter- 3 Airlines and destinations minal F “will likely be in our future,” as the airport an- ticipates “serving almost 70 million customers annually by the end of the decade from the 60 million we serve 4 Statistics today.”[52] Donohue also stated that planning would be- gin in 2015.[53] 7

• FedEx • Korean Air Cargo • Lufthansa Cargo • Aviation • Nippon Cargo Airlines • Singapore Airlines Cargo • United Parcel Service

6 Ground transportation Terminal D’s inside. 6.1 Within airport 4.1 Top destinations • The current people mover system, named Skylink, opened on May 21, 2005 and is the world’s largest 5 Cargo high-speed airport train system. Totally automated, Skylink trains run every two minutes,[65] and travel With 578,906 tons of cargo handled in 2009, DFW was at speeds up to 35 mph (56 km/h). Skylink then the world’s 29th busiest cargo airport.[61] is double-tracked, permitting bi-directional oper- In 2010 DFW International Airport earned the distinc- ations. The Skylink system was acquired from tion of “Best cargo airport in North America 2010” Bombardier Transportation and connects all termi- from Air Cargo World, the air freight’s industry’s lead- nals on the secure side. ing publication.[62] Skylink replaced the original Airtrans system In 2013 Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport handled [63] (part of which was later operated as Ameri- almost sixty-five percent of all aircraft cargo in Texas. can Airlines’ TrAAin System), a state-of-the- Asia accounts for half of all cargo and Europe accounts [63] art people mover at the time of the airport’s for 30% of the cargo at DFW. opening. It served the airport for 31 years On May 15, 2014 Ameriflight announced it would relo- from 1974–2005 and transported a quarter of cate its headquarters from Bob Hope Burbank Airport to a billion passengers between DFW’s four ter- Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport to better serve its minals and employee facilities, logging a to- customers in North and South America.[64] tal of 97,000,000 miles (156,000,000 km) on its fleet. Over time, its top speed of 17 mph (27 km/h) and uni-directional guideway made 5.1 Cargo carriers it impractical for connecting passenger trans- fers. The system was decommissioned soon af- List of Cargo Carriers serving DFW: ter Skylink opened as a modern replacement; the old guideways were left in place through- • AirBridgeCargo out the airport.[31] • Air China Cargo • Terminal Link connects all terminals with a shuttle [66] • Airborne Express bus system on the non-secure side. • Ameriflight • A consolidated rental car facility is located at the • Asiana Cargo south end of the airport and connected to all ter- minals by a dedicated network of shuttle buses.[67] • Cargolux Hosting ten rental car companies, the center was completed in March 2000.[68] • Cathay Pacific Cargo • China Airlines Cargo 6.2 To and from airport • DHL Express • DFW is served by the Trinity Railway Express com- • Eva Airways muter rail line at CentrePort/DFW Airport Station, 8 9 INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS

south of the airport. The line serves both down- town Dallas and downtown Fort Worth. To reach the airport from the station, riders must take a Re- mote Parking shuttle bus and transfer to another bus serving either Terminals A and C, Terminals B and E, or Terminal D. • Dallas Area Rapid Transit offers bus service to Downtown Irving/Heritage Crossing Station and Southwestern Medical District/Parkland Station on route 408 from the Remote South Parking facility. As well, route 500 connects Terminal A directly with CentrePort/DFW Airport Station to the south, and the current Orange Line terminus of Belt Line Station to the east. DFW Founders Plaza Monument • On August 18, 2014[69] DART opened DFW Air- port Station located between Terminals A and B. 8 Other facilities This provides direct rail service on the Orange Line to Dallas and Las Colinas (with a later extension to DFW North Station). These stations will become The facility at 1639 West 23rd Street is located on the [72][73][74] major stations for the future Tarrant Express Rail airport property and in the City of Grapevine. [75] [76] under development by the Fort Worth Transporta- Tenants include China Airlines, Lufthansa Cargo, [77] tion Authority and DART’s Cotton Belt Rail Line. and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The DFW Airport Department of Public Safety provides the airport with its own police, fire protection, and emer- 6.3 Nearby highways gency medical services. The DFW Airport Area is served by the International Parkway (partially State Highway 97 Spur), which runs through the center of the airport, connecting to the 9 Incidents and accidents Airport Freeway (State Highway 183) on the southern side of the airport and the John W. Carpenter Freeway 9.1 Airport operations (State Highway 114). The International Parkway contin- ues north of State Highway 114 carrying the State High- The following occurred at the airfield itself, immediately way 121 designation for a short while until its interchange after takeoff, during the final landing approach, and/or with the Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway (I-635), where State during an attempted go-around: Highway 121 continues north as the Sam Rayburn Toll- way. IH 35 E is easily accessible by going north on the • International Parkway. August 2, 1985: Delta Air Lines Flight 191, a Lockheed L-1011 on a Fort Lauderdale–Dallas/Fort Worth–Los Angeles route, crashed on the north end of runway 17R after encountering a severe 7 Founders Plaza microburst on final approach; the crash killed 8 of 11 crew members, 128 of 152 passengers on board, In 1995 the airport opened Founders Plaza, an obser- and one person on the ground. vation park dedicated to the founders of DFW Airport. The site offered a panoramic view on the south end of • March 24, 1987: The pilot of a Metroflight Convair the airport and hosted several significant events including CV-580, registration number N73107, operating an employee memorial the day after the September 11, for American Eagle Airlines on a commuter flight 2001, terrorist attacks and the airport’s 30th anniversary bound for Longview, Texas, lost directional control celebration in 2004.[70] As part of the perimeter taxiway during a crosswind takeoff. The left-hand wing and project, Founders Plaza was closed in 2007 and moved propeller struck the runway and the nose landing to a new location surrounding a 50-foot (15 m)-tall bea- gear collapsed as the craft slid off the runway and con on the north side of the airport in 2008. The 6-acre onto an adjacent taxiway; 8 passengers and 3 crew (2.4 ha) plaza features a granite monument and sculp- aboard the airliner suffered minor or no injuries. ture, post-mounted binoculars, piped-in voices of air traf- The crash was attributed to the pilot’s decision to fic controllers and shade pavilions. In 2010 a memorial disregard wind information and take off in weather honoring Delta Air Lines Flight 191 was dedicated at the conditions that exceeded the rated capabilities of the plaza.[71] aircraft; the pilot’s “overconfidence in [his/her] per- 9.2 Flights departing from or bound for Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport 9

sonal ability” was cited as a contributing factor in 9.2 Flights departing from or bound for the accident report.[78][79] Dallas/Fort Worth International Air- port • May 21, 1988: An American Airlines McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, registration number N136AA, The following did not occur near the airfield itself but in- operating as AA Flight 70 bound for Frankfurt, volved flights originating from or bound for DFW Inter- overran Runway 35L after automatic warning sig- national Airport: nals prompted the flight crew to attempt a rejected takeoff; the jetliner continued to accelerate for sev- • June 2, 1983: , which eral seconds before slowing, and did not stop un- was flying on a Dallas/Fort Worth–Toronto– til it had run 1,100 feet (335 m) past the runway Montreal route, made an emergency landing at threshold, collapsing the nose landing gear. 2 crew Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Air- were seriously injured and the remaining 12 crew port in Kentucky; 23 of the 46 people on board and 240 passengers escaped safely; the aircraft was were killed by either smoke inhalation or flash fire. severely damaged and was written off. Investigators attributed the overrun to a shortcoming in the design • June 1, 1999: American Airlines Flight 1420 standards that were used when the DC-10 was built; crashed upon landing at Little Rock National Air- there had been no requirement to test whether par- port at Little Rock, Arkansas on a flight from Dal- tially worn (as opposed to brand-new) brake pads las/Fort Worth, killing the captain and 10 of the 139 were capable of stopping the aircraft during a re- passengers. jected takeoff, and 8 of the 10 worn pad sets on N136AA had failed.[80][81] 10 References • August 31, 1988: Delta Air Lines Flight 1141, a bound to Salt Lake City International [1] “Dallas airport – Economic and social impacts”. Ec- Airport in Salt Lake City, Utah, crashed after take- quants. Retrieved September 14, 2013. off from Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, killing 2 of 7 crew members, and 12 of 101 passengers on board. [2] http://www.aci.aero/News/ Releases/Most-Recent/2014/03/31/ Preliminary-World-Airport-Traffic-and-Rankings-2013--High-Growth-Dubai-Moves-Up-to-7th-Busiest-Airport- • April 14, 1993: The pilot of American Airlines Flight 102, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, reg- [3] “DFW Airport Fast Facts”. Dallas/Fort Worth Interna- istration number N139AA, lost directional control tional Airport. Retrieved July 6, 2012. during a crosswind landing in rainy conditions and caused the jetliner to slide off Runway 17L after ar- [4] “Passenger Traffic 2010 FINAL”. Airports Council Inter- riving from Honolulu, Hawaii. The craft dug into national. Retrieved August 6, 2011. deep mud alongside the runway, collapsing the nose [5] “U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Inno- landing gear and tearing off the left-hand engine vative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transporta- and much of the left wing. A fire in the left-hand tion Statistics, Office of Airline Information, T-100 In- wheel well was rapidly extinguished by firefighters ternational Segment Data, Special Calculation, Septem- who arrived almost immediately from the nearby ber 2010”. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Retrieved DFW/DPS Fire Station. 2 passengers suffered seri- August 6, 2011. ous injuries while using the evacuation slides to es- [6] “Contact Us”. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. cape from the steeply tilted fuselage; the remaining Retrieved July 6, 2012. 187 passengers and all 13 crew evacuated in relative safety, but the aircraft was a total loss.[82][83][84] [7] “DFW Airport Welcomes Its First Scheduled Airbus A380 With Qantas Airways Flight From Sydney, Aus- • May 23, 2001: The right main landing gear of an tralia”. DFW Airport. September 30, 2014. Retrieved American Airlines Fokker 100, registration number September 31, 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= N1419D, operating as AA Flight 1107, collapsed (help) upon landing on Runway 17C after a scheduled [8] http://dfwairport.com/pressroom/DFW_Reaches_200_ flight from Charlotte/Douglas International Airport. Destinations_Milestone.php The pilot was able to maintain directional control and bring the aircraft to a stop on the runway. The [9] Freeman, Paul (January 27, 2012). “Texas – Northeast incident was attributed to metal fatigue caused by Fort Worth Area”. Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields. Retrieved July 6, 2012. a manufacturing flaw in the right main gear’s outer cylinder; there were no serious injuries to the 88 [10] “Our Future Hangs In The Balance - Two Mile Long Ter- passengers or 4 crew, but the aircraft was written minal Planned”. Irving Daily News Special Supplement off.[85][86] (Irving Daily News). June 4, 1967. 10 10 REFERENCES

[11] Slotboom, Oscar. “Dallas-Fort Worth Freeways: Texas- [32] http://blogs.star-telegram.com/sky_talk/2014/08/ Sized Ambition”. Retrieved December 6, 2013. dfw-airport-increases-terminal-renovation-project-budget-by-650-million-to-27-billion. html [12] “Dallas Fort Worth International Airport”. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved December 4, 2013. [33] “DFW International Airport Announces "(re)defining your airport” Information Campaign To Communicate [13] Scan of airport plan Terminal Renovations”. Dallas/Fort Worth International [14] Domeier, Doug (September 23, 1973). “Texas-Sized Air- Airport. December 2, 201-. Retrieved August 6, 2011. port Dedicated to Youth”. Dallas Morning News. Re- Check date values in: |date= (help) trieved December 6, 2013. [34] Sakelaris, Nicholas (February 26, 2014). “D/FW Airport [15] DFW74intro will rebuild gates at Terminal D for the arrival of the Air- bus A380”. Dallas Business Journal. Retrieved Septem- [16] “Wright Amendment of 1979”. Aviation Online Maga- ber 30, 2014. zine. Retrieved July 6, 2012.

[17] DAL79intro [35] Sakelaris, Nicholas (September 29, 2014). “D/FW to Sydney: Qantas introduces giant A380 for world’s longest [18] Nance, John J. (1984). Splash of Colors The Self Destruc- scheduled flight”. Dallas Business Journal. Retrieved tion of Braniff International. New York: William Morrow September 30, 2014. and Company. pp. 80–83. ISBN 0-688-03586-8. [36] “Terminal B Stinger Building Presentation”. Retrieved [19] “American Airlines History”. American Airlines. Re- October 1, 2013. trieved July 6, 2012. [37] “Hyatt Regency DFW website”. [20] “American Airlines Finishes Moving into Headquarters Monday”. Ocala Star-Banner. Associated Press. January [38] “Dykon Blasting Hyatt Regency Implosion DFW Air- 16, 1983. p. 6A. Retrieved July 6, 2012.. Retrieved on port”. August 27, 2009. [39] “Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Terminal D”. [21] “Dallas/Fort Worth Regional Airport, November 1984”. Architectural Record. McGraw-Hill. Retrieved January DepartedFlights.com. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 23, 2013. [22] “Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, October 1991”. DepartedFlights.com. Retrieved December 4, 2013. [40] “DFW International Airport to Open International Ter- minal D on July 23” (Press release). Dallas/Fort Worth [23] “American Airlines Celebrates 25 Years of Service Be- International Airport Public Affairs Department. July 18, tween Dallas/Fort Worth and Japan :: American Airlines 2005. Retrieved January 23, 2013. Newsroom”. Hub.aa.com. Retrieved August 30, 2013. [41] Cammaroto, Robert J. (April 5, 2007). “Privacy Im- [24] “D/FW braces for Delta restructuring”. Dallas Morning pact Assessment for the Airport Access Authorization News. August 17, 2004. Retrieved December 10, 2013. To Commercial Establishments Beyond The Screening Checkpoint (AAACE) Program”. United States Depart- [25] “Delta to cut 7,000 jobs, DFW hub”. Associated Press. ment of Homeland Security. Retrieved August 6, 2011. September 9, 2004. Retrieved December 5, 2013.

[26] “DFW International Airport To Open International Ter- [42] http://aviationblog.dallasnews.com/2014/04/ minal D on July 23”. Dallas/Fort Worth International Air- emirates-to-bring-airbus-a380-to-dallasfort-worth. port. July 18, 2005. Retrieved August 6, 2011. html/

[27] “DFW International Airport Debuts Worlds Largest Air- [43] http://blogs.star-telegram.com/sky_talk/2014/04/ port People Mover System”. Dallas/Fort Worth Interna- emirates-to-begin-flying-a380-to-dfw-airport-later-this-year. tional Airport. May 21, 2005. Retrieved August 6, 2011. html

[28] Vaughn, Chris (January 23, 2012). “Soldier Stopovers at [44] http://aviationblog.dallasnews.com/2014/05/ DFW Airport to End”. Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Re- qantas-will-begin-flying-the-airbus-a380-to-dallasfort-worth-in-late-september. trieved July 6, 2012. html/ [29] “DFW Airport Adds Nine More Gates; 165 Gates at [45] “Qantas Airways To Upgrade DFW Australia Service to DFW, With Room to Grow”. Airbus A380, The World’s Largest Passenger Jet” (Press [30] Fox, Steven (August 10, 2009). “The Stars are Big and release). Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport Public Bright—Deep in the Heart of Texas”. Offcite Blog. Re- Affairs Department. May 7, 2014. Retrieved September trieved June 6, 2012. 29, 2014.

[31] “DFW International Airport Bids Farewell to Venerable [46] Maxon, Terry (May 7, 2014). “Qantas will begin flying Airport Train System – 97 Million Miles and 250 Million the Airbus A380 to Dallas/Fort Worth in late September”. Passengers Later”. Dallas Fort Worth International Air- The Dallas Morning News Airline Biz Blog. Retrieved port. June 21, 2005. Retrieved August 6, 2011. September 29, 2014. 11

[47] Maxon, Terry (September 29, 2014). “Qantas Airways [66] “Terminal Link”. Dallas Fort Worth International Airport. parks its Airbus A380 at Dallas/Fort Worth International Retrieved August 6, 2011. Airport”. The Dallas Morning News Airline Biz Blog. Retrieved September 29, 2014. [67] “Rental Cars”. Dallas Fort Worth International Airport.

[48] “Delta to Revise Print Advertisement”. The Dallas Morn- [68] “PGAL Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport Consol- ing News. March 8, 1991. Retrieved July 6, 2012. idated Rental Car Facility (ConRAC) and Bus Mainte- nance Facility”. PGAL. [49] Maxon, Terry (July 28, 2012). “D/FW Airport prepares to reopen old Delta satellite as it remodels Terminal E”. [69] http://dallas.culturemap.com/news/city-life/ Dallas Morning News. Retrieved December 5, 2013. 03-25-14-dart-dfw-airport-route-opens-august-2014-orange-line/

[50] http://www.dfwairport.com/pressroom/TerminalE_ [70] “DFW International Airport Announces September 17 Satellite_Reopens.php Grand Reopening of Founders Plaza”. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. August 27, 2008. Retrieved August [51] “DFW INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT LINKS TERMI- 6, 2011. NAL D & SKYLINK PROJECTS WITH “GOLDEN SPIKE” CEREMONY”. [71] Young, Michael E. (July 29, 2010). “DFW Airport to Dedicate Marker to 1985 Crash of Delta Flight 191”. The [52] “DFW Airport CEO sees need for 6th terminal; unworried Dallas Morning News. Retrieved August 6, 2011. by Wright Amendment expiring”. [72] “U.S. Federal Inspection Agencies”. Dallas/Fort Worth [53] “Sixth terminal at Dallas/Fort Worth Interna- International Airport. Retrieved November 17, 2011. tional Airport may be coming sooner rather than U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS) 1639 West 23rd later;http://aviationblog.dallasnews.com/2014/05/ Street, Suite 105 DFW Airport, TX 75261 sixth-terminal-at-dallasfort-worth-international-airport-may-be-coming-sooner-rather-than-later. html/". [73] “2010 Zoning Maps”. City of Grapevine. Archived from the original on November 17, 2011. Retrieved November [54] http://finance.yahoo.com/news/ 17, 2011. american-airlines-receives-approval-begin-140000041. html [74] “Tax Maps”. City of Grapevine. Archived from the origi- nal on November 17, 2011. Retrieved July 16, 2012. [55] “American Airlines plans DFW to Beijing”. Retrieved September 26, 2014. [75] “North America”. China Airlines. Retrieved Novem- ber 17, 2011. 1639 W. 23rd street, Suite 300 P.O. Box [56] http://www.star-telegram.com/news/business/aviation/ 610065 Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas 75261 sky-talk-blog/article8565998.html [76] “Contact USA”. Lufthansa Cargo. Retrieved November [57] aux://bizjaux/dallas/article/page_16153181 17, 2011. 1639 West 23rd Street, Ste 400 Dallas Fort Worth, TX 75261 [58] http://aviationblog.dallasnews.com/2011/02/ volaris-get-us-approval-for-df.html/ [77] "“Wildlife Inspector-Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, Texas”. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved November 17, [59] “Dallas/Fort Worth, TX: Dallas/Fort Worth International 2011. (DFW)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Retrieved February 2, 2015. [78] “NTSB Brief of Accident FTW87FA080”. National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved May 31, 2012. [60] http://www.dot.gov/office-policy/aviation-policy/ us-international-passenger-data-year-datecalendar-year-2013[79] “ASN Accident Description”. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved May 31, 2011. [61] “2009 final”. Aci.aero. August 5, 2010. Retrieved August 30, 2013. [80] “NTSB Brief of Accident FTW88NA106”. National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved May 31, 2012. [62] “DFW International Airport Named 'Best Cargo Air- port in North America' by... – DFW INTERNA- [81] “ASN Accident Description”. Aviation Safety Network. TIONAL AIRPORT, Texas, March 15 /PRNewswire- Retrieved May 31, 2011. USNewswire/". Prnewswire.com. Retrieved August 30, 2013. [82] “NTSB Brief of Accident DCA93MA040”. National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved May 31, 2012. [63] http://www.dfwairport.com/cargo/bookflip/html5.html? page=11&bbv=1&pcode= [83] “ASN Accident Description”. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved May 31, 2011. [64] http://aviationblog.dallasnews.com/2014/05/ -will-relocate-its-headquarters-and-flight-operations-to-dallasfort-worth-international-airport.[84] St. Pierre, Nancy; Box, Terry; Lincoln Michel, Karen; html/ Freedenthal, Stacey (April 15, 1993). “30 Hurt After Jet Slides Off Runway – Passengers Injured During Exit on [65] “Skylink”. Dallas Fort Worth International Airport. Re- Escape Chutes”. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved trieved August 6, 2011. May 31, 2012. 12 11 EXTERNAL LINKS

[85] “NTSB Brief of Accident FTW01FA127”. National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved May 31, 2012.

[86] “ASN Accident Description”. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved May 31, 2011.

11 External links

• Official website (Mobile) • DFW Tower.com

• QTVR tour of DFW airline operations tower • openNav: DFW / KDFW charts

• FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective March 5, 2015 •

• Resources for this airport:

• AirNav airport information for KDFW • ASN accident history for DFW • FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker • NOAA/NWS latest weather observations • SkyVector aeronautical chart for KDFW • FAA current DFW delay information 13

12 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

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12.2 Images • File:20110123_DFW_terminal_D.jpg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/20110123_DFW_terminal_D. jpg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Transferred from en.wikipedia; transferred to Commons by User:Innotata using CommonsHelper. Original artist: Squeamish at en.wikipedia • File:Airbus_A380_at_DFW.JPG Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Airbus_A380_at_DFW.JPG License: CC BY-SA 4.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Carguychris • File:Airplane_silhouette.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Airplane_silhouette.svg License: Public domain Contributors: This file was derived from: Airplane silhouette.png Original artist: Derivative work: McSush (talk • File:American_Airlines_at_Dallas.jpg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/American_Airlines_at_Dallas. jpg License: GFDL 1.2 Contributors: http://www.airliners.net/photo/American-Airlines/McDonnell-Douglas-MD-82/0950717/L/ Orig- inal artist: Daniel Piotrowski • File:Aviacionavion.png Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Aviacionavion.png License: Public domain Con- tributors: • Turkmenistan.airlines.frontview.arp.jpg Original artist: Turkmenistan.airlines.frontview.arp.jpg: elfuser • File:Cable-suspended_footbridge_at_DFW_terminal_D.JPG Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/ Cable-suspended_footbridge_at_DFW_terminal_D.JPG License: Public domain Contributors: ? Original artist: ? 14 12 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

• File:Commons-logo.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original artist: ? • File:DFWLOGOTAGLINE.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2e/DFWLOGOTAGLINE.svg License: Fair use Contributors: The logo may be obtained from Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. 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