DOCSLIB.ORG

Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World Approaching Religious Transformations from Archaeology, History and Classics Edited by Valentino Gasparini, Maik Patzelt, Rubina Raja, Anna-Katharina Rieger, Jörg Rüpke and Emiliano Rubens Urciuoli in cooperation with Elisabeth Begemann Published with support of the European Research Council (ERC). ISBN 978-3-11-055757-2 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-055759-6 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-055794-7 DOI https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019953611 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2020 Gasparini et al., published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. This book is published with open access at www.degruyter.com. Cover image: Sacrificial scene; Roman wall painting. Edificio B, Murecine/Pompeii, 1st century CE. (Parco Archeologico di Pompei). Typesetting: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com Contents Valentino Gasparini, Maik Patzelt, Rubina Raja, Anna-Katharina Rieger, Jörg Rüpke, Emiliano Rubens Urciuoli Pursuing lived ancient religion 1 Section 1: Experiencing the religious Maik Patzelt Introduction to Section 1 11 Richard L. Gordon (Re-)modelling religious experience: some experiments with hymnic form in the imperial period 23 Angela Kim Harkins Looking at the Shepherd of Hermas through the experience of lived religion 49 Maria Dell’Isola “They are not the words of a rational man”: ecstatic prophecy in Montanism 71 Nicole Belayche Kyrios and despotes: addresses to deities and religious experiences 87 Maik Patzelt About servants and flagellants: Seneca’s Capitol description and the variety of ‘ordinary’ religious experience at Rome 117 Ian Rutherford The experience of pilgrimage in the Roman Empire: communitas, paideiā, and piety-signaling 137 VI Contents Irene Salvo Experiencing curses: neurobehavioral traits of ritual and spatiality in the Roman Empire 157 Oda Wischmeyer Ego-documents on religious experiences in Paul’s Letters: 2 Corinthians 12 and related texts 181 Section 2: A “thing” called body: expressing religion bodily Anna-Katharina Rieger Introduction to Section 2 201 Emma-Jayne Graham Hand in hand: rethinking anatomical votives as material things 209 Georgia Petridou The “lived” body in pain: illness and initiation in Lucian’s Podagra and Aelius Aristides’ Hieroi Logoi 237 Heather Hunter-Crawley Divinity refracted: extended agency and the cult of Symeon Stylites the Elder 261 Nicola Denzey Lewis Food for the body, the body as food: Roman martyrs and the paradox of consumption 287 Section 3: Lived places: from individual appropriation of space to locational group-styles Valentino Gasparini Introduction to Section 3 309 Contents VII Valentino Gasparini Renewing the past: Rufinus’ appropriation of the sacred site of Panóias (Vila Real, Portugal) 319 Anna-Katharina Rieger This god is your god, this god is my god: local identities at sacralized places in Roman Syria 351 Rubina Raja Come and dine with us: invitations to ritual dining as part of social strategies in sacred spaces in Palmyra 385 Barbara E. Borg Does religion matter? Life, death, and interaction in the Roman suburbium 405 Section 4: Switching the code: meaning-making beyond established religious frameworks Emiliano Rubens Urciuoli Introduction to Section 4 437 Christopher Degelmann Symbolic mourning: the literary appropriation of signs in Late Republican and Early Imperial Rome 447 Luca Arcari P.Oxy. 1.5 and the Codex Sangermanensis as “visionary living texts”: visionary habitus and processes of “textualization” and/or “scripturalization” in Late Antiquity 469 Katell Berthelot To convert or not to convert: the appropriation of Jewish rituals, customs and beliefs by non-Jews 493 VIII Contents Douglas Boin Emperor Julian, an appropriated word, and a different view of 4th-century “lived religion” 517 Katharina Bracht The appropriation of the book of Jonah in 4th century Christianity by Theodore of Mopsuestia and Jerome of Stridon 531 Emiliano Rubens Urciuoli Weapons of the (Christian) weak: pedagogy of trickery in Early Christian texts 553 Biographical Notes 581 Index 587 Valentino Gasparini, Maik Patzelt, Rubina Raja, Anna- Katharina Rieger, Jörg Rüpke, Emiliano Rubens Urciuoli Pursuing lived ancient religion “Lived ancient religion” is a new approach to the religious practices, ideas, and institutions of the distant past. The notion of “lived religion”, as it has been ap- plied to recent phenomena that go beyond orthodox beliefs and religious organ- izations, cannot be transferred directly to a study of ancient religions because its methodology, inspired above all by anthropology and empirical sociology, re- quires some form of direct access to the living of the religion. This departure is implied by the oxymoronic form of “lived ancient religion”, which juxtaposes the living of religion with an only incompletely accessible past in which the subjects of study are no longer living. What might have been deplored as a loss, has turned out to be a gain, allowing for a significant expansion of the concept. While still invoking “lived religion” as it is understood in modern contexts,1 “lived ancient religion” is neither restricted to “everyday religion” nor focused on subjective experiences. Rather, the focus on the ancient world, the past, the already lived experiences and events, provides the opportunity to study lived re- ligion with a renewed and revitalized focus. This approach overcomes the dichot- omy of official and institutionalized religion on the one hand and “lived religion” on the other. Rather, taking the perspective on individual appropriations to its extremes, it also allows studying institutions as sedimented forms of lived reli- gion. Thus, as “lived ancient religion” a framework to analyze religious change is given, religion in the making even on a large scale (see Albrecht et al. 2018). As is indicated by the subtitle of the foundational project, “Questioning ‘cults’ and ‘polis religion’”, “lived ancient religion” shares a critical impetus with the study of contemporary “lived religion”. Yet given the very different degrees of coherence and embeddedness of religious practices in ancient Mediterranean societies, and in the Roman Empire in particular, our project (2012–2017) aimed at a much broader re-description of ancient “religion” (Rüpke 2012). Fundamentally, it questioned the implicit assumption that all inhabitants of the Imperium Romanum were equally religious. Likewise, the tendency to focus upon civic, that is collective, institutionalized religious practices was ques- tioned, as such a focus has led to the production of a series of sub-categories (“oriental cults”, “votive religion”, “funerary rites”) in order to save those phe- nomena whose relation to civic practice is indeterminate. This shift in focus was 1 E.g. Ammerman 1997; Hall 1997; Orsi 1997; Bergmann 2008; McGuire 2008. Open Access. © 2020 Valentino Gasparini et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-001 2 Valentino Gasparini et al. necessary because, in terms of quantity, these phenomena are the subject of themajorityofourancientevidenceandnotjustsomesmall,hardtorecon- cile, subset. Finally, the project criticized the descriptive reproduction of dis- ciplinary boundaries and the practice of treating “pagan” religion, Judaism, and Christianity as though they each had existed historically in separate worlds. From a methodological perspective, the project focused on four different social and communicative spaces, from the domestic over associations, public sanctuaries and literary communication. Building on recent research of the re- lationship between religious institutions and individualization (briefly Fuchs and Rüpke 2015; Fuchs et al. 2018) made it possible to focus on the connec- tions between social structures and individual agents, with the help of four key notions: appropriation, agency, situational meaning, and mediality (Raja and Rüpke 2015a). Appropriation denotes the situational adaptation and deployment of existing practices and techniques, institutions, norms, and media in order to suit the con- tingent needs and aims of the individual or group (Raja and Rüpke 2015a; Arnhold and Rüpke 2016; Rüpke 2016c). The idea of religious agency, which grew out of an interest in the ascription of agency and a focus on competences, was used to un- derline the priority of personal engagement, knowledge, and skill in providing services of all kinds, including public and private performances, authorship, teach- ing, and networking, whether on an occasional or a professional basis (Gordon 2005; Hüsken 2009; Petridou 2013; Raja 2016). Instead of concentrating on profes- sional religious roles (priests), this broader notion of “religious agency” functions as a perspective that replaces the narrow focus on the political elite of civic reli- gion, widening and underlining the impact that studies of ancient material can have on discussions of religion in the context
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
    The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Eunuchs in the East, Men in the West? 147
    Eunuchs in the East, Men in the West? 147 Chapter 8 Eunuchs in the East, Men in the West? Dis/unity, Gender and Orientalism in the Fourth Century Shaun Tougher Introduction In the narrative of relations between East and West in the Roman Empire in the fourth century AD, the tensions between the eastern and western imperial courts at the end of the century loom large. The decision of Theodosius I to “split” the empire between his young sons Arcadius and Honorius (the teenage Arcadius in the east and the ten-year-old Honorius in the west) ushered in a period of intense hostility and competition between the courts, famously fo- cused on the figure of Stilicho.1 Stilicho, half-Vandal general and son-in-law of Theodosius I (Stilicho was married to Serena, Theodosius’ niece and adopted daughter), had been left as guardian of Honorius, but claimed guardianship of Arcadius too and concomitant authority over the east. In the political manoeu- vrings which followed the death of Theodosius I in 395, Stilicho was branded a public enemy by the eastern court. In the war of words between east and west a key figure was the (probably Alexandrian) poet Claudian, who acted as a ‘pro- pagandist’ (through panegyric and invective) for the western court, or rather Stilicho. Famously, Claudian wrote invectives on leading officials at the eastern court, namely Rufinus the praetorian prefect and Eutropius, the grand cham- berlain (praepositus sacri cubiculi), who was a eunuch. It is Claudian’s two at- tacks on Eutropius that are the inspiration and central focus of this paper which will examine the significance of the figure of the eunuch for the topic of the end of unity between east and west in the Roman Empire.
    [Show full text]
  • Hadrian and the Greek East
    HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Rome and Byzantium: the Birth of the Byzantine Empire
    Ancient Rome and Byzantium: The Birth of the Byzantine Empire Ancient Rome and Byzantium: The Birth of the Byzantine Empire by ReadWorks Constantinople, 15th century In 330 A.D., the Emperor Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome. He chose Byzantium, a city far east of Rome, as his new capital. He renamed the city Constantinople. In 476 A.D., the city of Rome was conquered. The western part of the Roman Empire was defeated. After that, only the eastern part of the empire was left. This was centered in Constantinople and became known as the Byzantine Empire. Latin and Greek were the two most important languages of the Byzantine Empire. Greek was spoken in daily life. Latin was used for religious ceremonies and government work. The Byzantine Empire's rulers made it a Christian empire. Christianity became the core of Byzantine life. Constantinople became the center of the Christian world. In 1453 A.D., the Byzantine Empire fell to the Turks. Today, Constantinople is called Istanbul, and it is the largest city in Turkey. ReadWorks.org · © 2012 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Ancient Rome and Byzantium: The Birth of the Byzantine Empire - Comprehension Questions Name: ___________________________________ Date: _______________ 1. According to the text, which of the following was an important language in the Byzantine Empire? A. Italian B. Greek C. Turkish D. English 2. What was the effect of the western part of the Roman Empire being defeated? A. Emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium. B. Emperor Constantine renamed the city of Byzantium to Constantinople.
    [Show full text]
  • ROUTES and COMMUNICATIONS in LATE ROMAN and BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (Ca
    ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY TÜLİN KAYA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SETTLEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY JULY 2020 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar KONDAKÇI Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. D. Burcu ERCİYAS Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Suna GÜVEN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ufuk SERİN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe F. EROL (Hacı Bayram Veli Uni., Arkeoloji) Assist. Prof. Dr. Emine SÖKMEN (Hitit Uni., Arkeoloji) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Tülin Kaya Signature : iii ABSTRACT ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) Kaya, Tülin Ph.D., Department of Settlement Archaeology Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 2011 (EBGR 2011)
    Kernos Revue internationale et pluridisciplinaire de religion grecque antique 27 | 2014 Varia Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 2011 (EBGR 2011) Angelos Chaniotis Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/kernos/2266 DOI: 10.4000/kernos.2266 ISSN: 2034-7871 Publisher Centre international d'étude de la religion grecque antique Printed version Date of publication: 1 November 2014 Number of pages: 321-378 ISBN: 978-2-87562-055-2 ISSN: 0776-3824 Electronic reference Angelos Chaniotis, « Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 2011 (EBGR 2011) », Kernos [Online], 27 | 2014, Online since 01 October 2016, connection on 15 September 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/kernos/2266 This text was automatically generated on 15 September 2020. Kernos Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 2011 (EBGR 2011) 1 Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 2011 (EBGR 2011) Angelos Chaniotis 1 The 24th issue of the Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion presents epigraphic publications of 2011 and additions to earlier issues (publications of 2006–2010). Publications that could not be considered here, for reasons of space, will be presented in EBGR 2012. They include two of the most important books of 2011: N. PAPAZARKADAS’ Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens, Oxford 2011 and H.S. VERSNEL’s Coping with the Gods: Wayward Readings in Greek Theology, Leiden 2011. 2 A series of new important corpora is included in this issue. Two new IG volumes present the inscriptions of Eastern Lokris (119) and the first part of the inscriptions of Kos (21); the latter corpus is of great significance for the study of Greek religion, as it contains a large number of cult regulations; among the new texts, we single out the ‘sacred law of the tribe of the Elpanoridai’ in Halasarna.
    [Show full text]
  • View of Late Antiquity In
    ARAM, 23 (2011) 489-508. doi: 10.2143/ARAM.23.0.2959670 WALLS OF THE DECAPOLIS Dr. ROBERT SMITH (Mid-Atlantic Christian University) Walls were important to the citizens of the Decapolis cities.1 While the world- view of Late Antiquity interpreted the rise and fall of cities as ultimately being the result of divine intervention, the human construction of defensive walls was still a major civic concern. Walls, like temples, honored a city’s patron deities and fostered a sense of local identity and well-being. These structures, long a bulwark of independence and status for cities in the Levant,2 were present in the Hellenizing pre-Decapolis cities, permitted in the Decapolis during the Roman period and were promoted during the subsequent Byzantine period as well. Instead of fostering local rebellion against a distant Rome or later Con- stantinople, the construction of Decapolis city walls, like other components of the imperial architectural palette, was a strategic asset that served to cultur- ally unify the region’s ethnically and linguistically diverse population.3 The “spiritual walls” of cultural solidarity, established in Hellenism and continued by Rome, together with the physical walls of the Decapolis cities helped to preserve their identities for centuries. The Roman and Byzantine empires depended upon strong loyal cities like those of the Decapolis to sustain their rule in the Levant. WALLS OF PRE-DECAPOLIS CITIES IN THE PRE-ROMAN ERA Cities that would be counted as part of the Decapolis in the Roman Era were typically established in the Hellenistic era on the remains of ancient settle- ments.
    [Show full text]
  • "On the Relations of Canaanite Exploration to Pre-Historic Classic
    176 ON THE RELATIONS OF CANAANITE EXPLORATION These inecriptions, and the bas-reliefs on the monument called Kamna Hurmill, in Crelo-Syria, near the source of the Orontes, and possibly of the same pe1·iod, are an enigma, as yet, to the most learned Orientaliots. It is to be hoped, however, now that attention is again called to the subject, that the clue may be found that shall unlock their meaning, and that Northern 8yI"ia will be no longer overlooked by tho explorer. DISCOVERY AT THE l\IOSQUE EL AKS.A, JERUSALEM.-llo A DISCOVERY of considerable interest has been made in this :Mosque by the Rev. J. Neil, who has only recently gone to Jerusalem for the Society for the Conversion of the Jews. "In the Mosque of El Aksa," he writes, "you will remember that there is a long plain room opening out at the south-east angle, called the Mosque of Omar, in which the only object of interest whatever is a recess supported by two twisted pillars, and called the Mihrab, or Praying-place of Omar. You may, perhaps, remember that the pillars on each side of this recess, of Solomonic twisted pattern and polished marble, appear to have been turned upside down, and to have their capitals of greyish stone in broken leaf-like patterns below. On vi~iting this the day before yesterday, July 5th, I discovered that a great part of the yellowish plaster had been removed from the top of these pillars, and that rich grotesquely carved capitals were exposed to view in an admirable state of preserva­ tion.
    [Show full text]
  • ANT 333 Anthropology of Religion 1
    ANT 333 Anthropology of Religion Tuesday/Thursday 12:30 – 1:45 Candelaria 0065 Section 001 Spring 2013 Instructor: Dr. Sally McBeth Office Hours: Mon 2:00 – 5:00 Candelaria 2200 Tues 11-12 – 2-3 (970) 351-1746 Thurs 11-12 – 2-3 [email protected] or by appointment Blair Mueller (TA) [email protected] Texts (Required): God Is Not One (2010) by Stephen Prothero (2 copies on reserve at Michener) Holy Ghost Girl (2011) by Donna Johnson E-Reserve Readings Required: listed in order of due date (see syllabus) Scanned in Weekly BB Folders “On the Origin of Religion” (Elizabeth Culotta) “On the Origin of Art and Symbolism” (Michael Balter) “Genesis “ “P’An Ku” “Bumba” “Emergence” “World on Turtle’s Back” “Amma and Nummu Prepare the World” “The Letter” (Shadi Eskandani) “Aztec Sacrifice” (Bernardino de Sahagún) “Mother Cow” (Marvin Harris) “A Buddhist Perspective on Nonviolence” (Sulak Sivaraksa) DSS Statement: Students with disabilities: Any student requesting disability accommodation for this class must inform the instructor by giving appropriate notice. Students are encouraged to contact Disability Support Services at UNC: 970-351-2289 to certify documentation of disability and to ensure that appropriate accommodations are implemented in a timely manner. Catalogue Description: Topics in Cultural Anthropology: Study of a global theme (art, religion, etc.) as represented in a variety of subsistence technologies and/or world cultures. Repeatable under different sub-titles. Course Description: Anthropology of Religion. This class is designed to challenge your assumptions about what religion is. I hope that you will encounter the ‘Other’ and interrogate the familiar.
    [Show full text]
  • Collins Magic in the Ancient Greek World.Pdf
    9781405132381_1_pre.qxd 30/10/2007 12:09 Page i Magic in the Ancient Greek World 9781405132381_1_pre.qxd 30/10/2007 12:09 Page ii Blackwell Ancient Religions Ancient religious practice and belief are at once fascinating and alien for twenty-first-century readers. There was no Bible, no creed, no fixed set of beliefs. Rather, ancient religion was characterized by extraordinary diversity in belief and ritual. This distance means that modern readers need a guide to ancient religious experience. Written by experts, the books in this series provide accessible introductions to this central aspect of the ancient world. Published Magic in the Ancient Greek World Derek Collins Religion in the Roman Empire James B. Rives Ancient Greek Religion Jon D. Mikalson Forthcoming Religion of the Roman Republic Christopher McDonough and Lora Holland Death, Burial and the Afterlife in Ancient Egypt Steven Snape Ancient Greek Divination Sarah Iles Johnston 9781405132381_1_pre.qxd 30/10/2007 12:09 Page iii Magic in the Ancient Greek World Derek Collins 9781405132381_1_pre.qxd 30/10/2007 12:09 Page iv © 2008 by Derek Collins blackwell publishing 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Derek Collins to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Frogs Around the Pond: Some Images of the Mediterranean Sea In
    FROGS AROUND THE POND: SOME IMAGES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE by SARAH JEAN CALDER TRAUT Under the Direction of Naomi Norman ABSTRACT This thesis describes some of the ways that Greek and Roman culture attempted to define the Mediterranean Sea. It surveys selected Greek and Roman authors who used the image of the Mediterranean Sea to talk about power and wealth. INDEX WORDS: Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean Basin, Greek and Roman Culture, Mare Nostrum, Isidorus, Sallust, Julius Caesar, Livy, Ab Urbe Condita, Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, Juvenal, Old Oligarch, Pseudo- Xenophon, Constitution of the Athenians, Thucydides, History, Cicero, De Provinciis Consularibus, Augustus, Res Gestae, Plutarch, Quaestiones Conviviales, Hesiod, Works and Days, Petronius, Satyricon, Lucian, The Ship or The Wishes. FROGS AROUND THE POND: SOME IMAGES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE by SARAH JEAN CALDER TRAUT A.B., The University of Georgia, 2001 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2004 ©2004 Sarah Jean Calder Traut All Rights Reserved. FROGS AROUND THE POND: SOME IMAGES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE by SARAH JEAN CALDER TRAUT Major Professor: Naomi Norman Committee: Robert Curtis Keith Dix Electronic Version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2004 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the guidance that Dr. Naomi Norman has given me throughout my undergraduate and graduate schooling. Without her support, I should never have completed my thesis or my undergraduate degree.
    [Show full text]
  • Treasury of Olympus
    IONIA Treasury of Olympus A Supplement for ZENOBIA by Günter D'Hoogh Written by Günter D'Hoogh © 2004 Additional material and assistance from Paul Elliott. Illustrations by Paul Elliott Acknowledgements It was a pleasure working on this project, being a history teacher it’s a fantastic feeling that it’s quite well possible to merge history and roleplaying together. I hope that the reader as much enjoys playing it as I enjoyed writing this little “Campaign Guide”. I especially want to thank Paul Elliott, the creator of the wonderful ZENOBIA. He has been my mentor, my great help and especially a very good friend who encouraged me when the spirit was low. Thanks Paul for letting me take part in your great adventure, for the editting work, for the maps and drawings, and for the fine articles you wrote in this book! I really hope we’ll see each other someday face-to-face my friend! Günter D’Hoogh 2 THE CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION II THE WORLD OF IONIA III CHARACTER CREATION IV GODS OF OLYMPUS V THE THESSALIAN WITCH VI MONSTERS & WILD ANIMALS VII PHILOSOPHY VIII TREASURES IX LABYRINTHS OF IONIA 3 I INTRODUCTION Ionia is a sleepy mountainous land steeped in history, a land of ancient cities that are home to philosophers, academics, poets and playwrights. Lost and forgotten beneath Ionia are the artefacts and treasures of the Olympian gods, harkening back to the Age of Heroes when Zeus, Ares and Athena walked the earth in disguise, when heroes like Achilles fought with magical invulnerability, when witches like Medea ruled secret enchanted islands.
    [Show full text]