Annual Report 2 0 0 0 w w w. e a rt h j u s t i c e . o rg

CALIFORNIA ROCKY MOUNTAIN WASHINGTON, D.C. ALASKA PACIFIC NORTHWEST MID-PACIFIC FLORIDA LOUISIANA N O R THERN ROCKIES INTERNATIONAL POLICY AND LEGISLATION ENVIRONMENTAL LAW CLINICS Board of Trustees

C O N T E N T S Dianne Stern Reginald K. Brack, Jr. Ed Lewis Honorary Trustees Chair New York, NY Bozeman, MT Thomas A. Barron MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR Scarsdale, NY AND THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Kimo Campbell Edwin S. Matthews, Jr. Aspen, CO ...... 1 Cynthia Wayburn Kentfield, CA New York, NY William M. Brinton Vice Chair 1999- 2000 PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS R. Frederic Fisher San Francisco, CA Medina, WA Fred J. Meyer San Francisco, CA New York, NY Ca l i f o rn i a...... 2 David Dillard Stephen R. McCarthy New York, NY Rocky Mountain ...... 3 Vice Chair, Finance Elizabeth Furse William A. Newsom Portland, OR San Francisco, CA Washington, D.C...... 4 Treasurer Elizabeth McCormick Portland, OR Daniel Greenberg Raymond L. Ocampo, Jr. New York, NY Al a s k a...... 5 Van Nuys, CA San Mateo, CA Martha Kongsgaard Michael A. McIntosh Pacific North w e s t...... 6 Vice Chair, Development Barbara Brinton Haas Dan Olincy Washington, DC Mi d - P a c i f i c...... 7 Seattle, WA Washington, DC Los Angeles, CA Emily Stevens Louise Gund Fl o r i d a...... 8 H. Donald Harris Owen Olpin Wilson, WY Secretary Lo u i s i a n a...... 9 El Macero, CA Teasdale, UT Berkeley, CA Nancy Wheat No rt h e r n Rockies ...... 10 John D. Hoffman Jennifer Sabo Pasadena, CA Albert Andrews, Jr. San Francisco, CA Harrison, MT In t e rn a t i o n a l...... 1 1 Minneapolis, MN Victor L. Hymes Elizabeth Sutherland Policy and Legislation ...... 1 2 Joan Bavaria San Francisco, CA Mill Valley, CA En v i r onmental Law Clinics ...... 1 3 Marblehead, MA David Klipstein Michael Wall LOOK AHEAD ...... 1 4 Paul G. Bower San Diego, CA Malvern, PA This list is current as of November, 2000. Los Angeles, CA CL I E N T S...... 1 6

MA P...... 1 8 IN LOVING MEMORY FI N A N C I A L S...... 2 0

An a l y s i s...... 2 0 Frank Whe a t , a highly reg a r ded attorne y, a member of the Securities and Exchange Commission during the 196 0 s , and an Earthjustice trustee since 1978, Po s i t i o n...... 2 2 died on July 21, 2000 at the age of 79. Activities and Changes ...... 2 3 Fr a n k , a lifelong Southern Californi a n , loved the California desert and CO N T R I B U T O R S...... 2 4 fought tirelessly for its prot e c t i o n . He was invol v ed at every level: res e a r ching the Frank Wheat la w, lobbying in Was h i n g t o n , D.C., enlisting his friends in effective letter writing GIVING OPPORTU N I T I E S...... 3 2 1921 - 2000 ca m p a i g n s , doing field surveys and mapping for new desert wilderness prop o s a l s , STA F F...... 3 4 mentoring those new to the battle, and writing the history of the entire campaign

CO N T ACT INFORMATI O N...... 3 6 in his book, California Desert Miracle. His laughter brightened many camp fire s . He will be greatly missed.

This report reflects the period from August 1, 1999 to July 31, 2000. COV E R : M i n e ral King, by Esther Litton (husband Martin Litton was pilot), 2 0 0 0 . A lawsuit that sparked the creation of Earthjustice (first called the Sierra Club Leg a l D e fense Fund) thirty ye a rs ago led to the preservation of this remote valley in the Sierra Neva d a , once slated for development with a gigantic ski resort .M r. Litton was one of the people who turned the fight over Mineral King into a national cru s a d e. The lawsuit delayed the project until its sponsor, the Walt Disney Corpora t i o n , abandoned it. The litigation also confirmed the right of citizen groups to challenge environmentally destructive projects and activities in the fe d e ral court s. Message from the Executive Director and the Chair In 2001 Ea r thjustice will mark its 30th anniver s a r y. In 1971 we fielded two la w y ers in San Fran c i s c o .Tod a y we have 50 lawyers in nine offices around the country, se r ving more than 500 local and national groups. Our three legislative specialists in Was h i n g t o n , D.C. , ensure that the laws we and our clients use stay on the books. The growth has been steady and solid.

Our reach is not confined to the United States. In 1990 we helped create a sister virtually every move by the Fish and Wildlife Service to protect the habitat of organization in Canada; since then Sierra Legal Defence Fund has grown to a endangered species, behind the Environmental Protection Agency’s crackdown staff of 40 and is now Canada’s foremost environmental advocacy organization. on air emissions from a variety of sources, and behind corporate investments in Three of our own staff work regularly with environmental law groups in Canada, air and water pollution controls. Earthjustice suits are also driving efforts to Latin America, and Russia and press citizen access to international tribunals restore salmon runs on the Pacific Coast and rehabilitate our Pacific, Atlantic, when governments fail to enforce their own laws or international agreements. and Gulf Coast fisheries, while the pollution-prone mining industry and ranchers Much more important than the numbers, however, is what we’ve who overgraze our public lands are beginning to feel our sting. accomplished since 1971, and how we’ve learned to use the law to promote We’ve done a lot, from protecting the remaining old-growth in the positive changes in government and corporate behavior. Northwest to stopping destructive mining on the edges of Yellowstone to Our earliest efforts were site-specific, intended to stop immediate threats— preserving hundreds of thousands of acres of riparian habitat in Florida and the mining in a wilderness area or destruction of irreplaceable habitat. Such cases Southeast. The challenge ahead is to make ever greater use of the power of law, will always have a place on our docket. Soon, however, Earthjustice lawyers and our experience, to address not only these problems but many more. We learned how to use the law not simply to stop unlawful projects but also to now know that it may take as many as 10, 15, or even 20 years of sustained change the government and corporate behavior that produced them. litigation, coupled with complementary legislative and education efforts, to Take, for example, our national forests. Beginning with citizen suits over make a real diff e rence in how governments and corporations behave. management of Alaska’s Tongass National Forest in the 1970s, continuing Eventually, however, the constant pressure and effort pay off, and all those through the old-growth battles of the Pacific Northwest in the 1980s and 1990s, injunctions and court orders help redirect government and corporate practices and now in the Northern Rockies and the Southeast, Earthjustice has brought to more positive ends. case after case challenging the Forest Service’s violations of law. So frequently As we observe our 30th anniversary we are looking ahead, not back. We are have we enjoined destructive logging schemes that we have essentially brought committed to expanding our use of the law—the most powerful force we have Forest Service operations to a halt in many parts of the country. A direct result is for preserving our environment and our planet. We thank all our supporters who that the Forest Service Chief is now leading an agency-wide effort at changing are making this commitment with us. We are making an investment in the future the values that have made the Forest Service little more than an arm of the and the common good, and we know from experience that it’s an investment timber industry. that will pay off. The Forest Service is unusual in admitting that lawsuits are driving its efforts to reform. But the force of law, brought to bear by Earthjustice, is also behind

Vawter “Buck” Parker, Executive Director Dianne Stern, Ch a i r California PROTECTING NORTHERN CALIFORNIA’S WATER QUALITY Se ve r al years ago, Ea r thjustice attorney Joe Brecher won a suit forcing the Environmental Protection Agency to set pollution limits for Managing Attorney 17 coastal streams in north e r n California that have been cho k e d by Deborah Reames siltation from logging and road bui l d i n g .

This prompted the American Farm Bureau and the owners of a private logging Oregon, and California in February 2000. The protected areas include all operation to challenge the agency’s authority to set such limits. They sought to block streams currently occupied by or accessible to the fish and lands adjacent to the the limits for the Garcia River— streams necessary to control erosion and sediment deposition. Polsky also a waterway where logging compelled the Fish and Wildlife Service to add the Santa Ana sucker in Southern operations have virtually California to the federal list of threatened species in April 1999. eliminated endangered salmon and steelhead. HE A L THY CITIES, HEALTHY WILDLANDS: FROM SAN FRANCISCO TO THE SIERRA In 1999, Eart h j u s t i c e California is facing some of the worst air and water quality, water quantity, in t e r vened in the case defending and endangered species problems in the nation. Nearly 500 water bodies within the governm e n t , and in a ruling the state are considered polluted and unfit for swimming or fishing. The state is of national importance, the also home to 259 endangered species, more than in any state but Hawai`i. court affirmed that the Clean Throughout the past year, Earthjustice’s California office has worked with Water Act authorizes the EPA to scientists, government officials, and environmental leaders to develop a long- set and enforce limits on non- term, strategic campaign to address these pressing environmental issues. point source pollution. In March, the office launched a new campaign—Healthy Cities, Healthy Wildlands: from San Francisco to the Sierra—to address the effects of air and SECURING ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT LISTINGS AND water pollution, suburban sprawl, and habitat destruction on the health of CRITICAL HABITAT communities and ecosystems ranging from the San Francisco Bay through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and the Central Valley to the Sierra Nevada. Owing to years of legal action brought by Earthjustice a t t o rneys Mike Sherwood and Claudia Polsky, the government finally designated critical habitat for 19 populations of salmon and steelhead in large areas of Idaho, Washington,

For a look at what lies ahead for the California office in 2001, please turn to page 14.

1 9 6 4 Congress passes the Wilderness Act, creating the 1 9 6 9 The National Environmental Policy Act is passed, establishing National Wilderness Preservation System. a broad national framework for environmental prot e c t i o n . p 2 Rocky Mountain OVERGRAZING IN THE SOUTHWEST Ea rt h j u s t i c e ’ s Ro c ky Mountain office works to limit the destruction of rip a r ian habitat and to protect native plant and animal species Managing Attorney threatened by lives t o c k over g r azing on public lands in the Southwest. Susan Daggett

In April 2000, Associate Attorney Marie Kirk filed suit against the Forest Service for allowing excessive grazing on 300,000 acres in the Lincoln National Forest in lawsuit has pushed the BLM to monitor the impacts of ORV use on roadless New Mexico—home to the endangered Mexican spotted owl. The agency was areas in Utah for the first time in years. allowing cattle to consume up to 92 percent of the forage where they should consume no more than 35 percent. In response to the suit, In 2000, Earthjustice attorne y the Forest Service agreed to reduce the number of cattle and analyze Susan Daggett assumed the the impacts of grazing in the area. role of Managing Attorney in the Rocky Mountain Office. RESTORING WATER QUALITY Daggett started at Earthjustice Earthjustice reached a settlement with the Environmental Protection Agency a s Associate Attorney in the and the state of Colorado in September 1999. The settlement requires the state N o rt h e rn Rockies (Bozeman) to establish water pollution limits over the next nine years for 198 rivers and o ffice, and worked for several streams that are too polluted for fishing and swimming. Colorado is one of a years as Staff Attorney in the Rocky number of states where Earthjustice has successfully compelled federal and state Mountain (Denver) office. agencies to enforce the Clean Water Act and develop water pollution limits known as Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for contaminated waterways.

PROTECTING ROADLESS AREAS Increasing numbers of off-road vehicle users are driving off designated roads and trails on public lands, destroying wildlife habitat, polluting air and water, and damaging pristine wildlands. In the fall of 1999, Earthjustice sued the Bureau of Land Management for failing to enforce ORV management plans in key roadless areas throughout the state of Utah. Since the suit was filed, the BLM has closed more than 100,000 acres of roadless areas to ORV use, and has posted signs designating specific trails for motorized access. In addition, the

For a look at what lies ahead for the Rocky Mountain office in 2001, please turn to page 14.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 7 0 The Clean Air Act passes and the Environmental 1 9 7 1 EARTHJUSTICE OFFICE OPENS IN CALIFORNIA 1 9 7 2 The Supreme Court decides the famous Mineral King case, which Protection Agency is created to enforce the law The Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund (later ren a m e d clears the way for all the environmental litigation to follow by and protect the environment. Ea r thjustice Legal Defense Fund) is formed in San Francisco p 3 establishing that citizens have the right to take their environmental by a group of attorneys associated with the Sierra Club. grievances to court. Washington, D.C. NA TIONAL AND REGIONAL CLEAN AIR CAMPAI G N S In 1997, the Environmental Protection Agency revised national air quality standards for particulate matter and ozon e — p o l l u t a n t s Managing Attorney that cause a var iety of health problems including premature death, Howard Fox hospitalization for respirat o r y and cardi o p u l m o n a r y di s e a s e , an d asthma attacks .

The revised standards improve health protection for millions of Americans, protection. A decision on the case is expected by mid-2001. especially children, the elderly, In addition, EPA settled an Earthjustice suit by agreeing to establish clean- and those with lung and heart up plans to control ozone, the primary component of smog, in several major disease. metropolitan areas. The settlement calls on the agency to issue the plans no Unfortunately, the American later than June 2002. Trucking Association and other industry groups attacked the new RESTORING WATER QUALITY IN WASHINGTON, D.C. s t a n d a rds through numero u s Billions of gallons of raw sewage are dumped into Washington, D.C., waters lawsuits. In May 1999, the U.S. every year through the city’s sewer system. When it rains the system is unable to Court of Appeals for the District treat the combined flows of sewage and stormwater, releasing them directly into of Columbia ruled that the D.C. waters. Staff Attorney David Baron went to court to stop these raw sewage s t a n d a rds re p resented an discharges, and the case continues. Also in the past year, Earthjustice attorneys unconstitutional delegation of reached two major settlements with the EPA. These require the agency to authority from Congress to the improve federal water quality standards and establish pollution caps for District executive branch of government. waterways, including Rock Creek and the Anacostia and Potomac Rivers. The court also limited EPA’s authority to implement the rev i s e d air quality standards for ozone. E PA called on the U.S. S u p reme Court to review the lower court decision, and in May 2000, the Supreme Court accepted the case. For a look at what lies ahead for the Washington, D.C. office in 2001, On behalf of the American Lung Association, Earthjustice Managing Attorney please turn to page 14. Howard Fox filed a brief opposing the industry attacks on improved health

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 7 2 EARTHJUSTICE OFFICE OPENS IN ROCKY MOUNTAINS 1 9 7 3 1 9 74 Co n g r ess passes Endangered Species Act, administered Suit is filed to stop the development of Bair Island, a 3,000- Second office opens in Denver as the result of a dispute by the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine acre wetland in San Francisco Bay. In 1997 the island is p 4 over proposed logging in a Colorado wilderness. Fisheries Servi c e . added to the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Alaska MARINE BIODIVERSITY CAMPAI G N The endangered Steller sea lion population in the North Pacific has dropped 80 to 90 percent over the last three decades, owing to Managing Attorney ex t e n s i v e trawl fishing for pollock and other prim a r y food sources for Eric Jorgensen sea lions, fur seals,harbor seals, and other marine mammals and birds .

In January 2000, Earthjustice celebrated a major victory when a federal judge from development, including a case challenging a route for a 97-mile electric ruled that the National Marine Fisheries Service failed to evaluate adequately power line that would cut directly across a roadless area of interior Alaska with the effects of fishing for North Pacific groundfish on Steller sea lions. key wildlife habitat and high Following this ruling, Earthjustice attorney Janis Searles filed a request to recreational value. suspend trawl fishing within sea lion critical habitat until NMFS completes a comprehensive review of sea lion impacts. The court agreed and an injunction PR E S E R VING AMERICA’S ARCTIC went into effect in August. These decisions, and previous rulings in the case The National Petroleum Reserve requiring NMFS to examine the overall environmental impacts of its entire is a vast area of wild public land in groundfish management program, are among Earthjustice’s most significant n o rthwest Alaska that pro v i d e s victories yet in marine fisheries litigation. essential habitat for huge numbers of migratory birds and Arc t i c PROTECTING ROADLESS AREAS wildlife. In 1998, the Se c re t a r y of The Tongass National Forest—home to towering ancient trees, brown the Interior authorized the leasing of bears, and wolves—lies at the center of Earthjustice’s work in Alaska to protect 3.9 million acres of the Reserve for roadless areas from logging and road building. The Alaska office is working with oil and gas drilling. Managing Earthjustice’s legislative staff to ensure the government fully includes the attorney Eric Jorgensen filed suit Tongass in its upcoming national forest roadless area protection initiative. against the agency for its fa i l u r e to Attorney Tom Waldo is also challenging the Tongass Land Management Plan, pre p a r e an adequate environmental which leaves two million acres of roadless areas open for logging and road impact statement with the goal of construction. The lawsuit asserts that the Forest Service failed to consider enhancing protection for this roadless areas on the Tongass for potential designation as wilderness and seeks unique treasure. an injunction to protect Tongass roadless areas. The Alaska office is involved in several other efforts to protect wild lands

For a look at what lies ahead for the Alaska office in 2001, please turn to page 14.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 The Clean Water Act passes. Earthjustice challenges the construction of a gigantic coal-mine-and-power- plant complex in southern Utah, designed to send electricity to Las Vegas p 5 and Los Angeles. In 1996 the area becomes a national monument. Pacific Northwest

FI S H - T R E E S - W ATER CAMPAI G N No more challenging issue faces the Pacific Northwest than sa f e g u a r ding and restoring wild salmon and the ancient forests Managing Attorney and clean water on which salmon depend. Patti Goldman

After fighting for years to obtain federal endangered species protection for water withdrawals from the Columbia River. A federal judge called on the salmon, the Northwest office is now fighting to translate the listings into real agency to consult with the National Marine Fisheries Service to ensure that the protection, seeking reform of dams and irrigation projects, stopping destructive water withdrawals will not harm salmon. logging practices, and preventing water contamination. ENFORCING THE NORTHWEST FOREST PLAN Logging damages salmon habitat by removing shade and adding sediment HYDROPOWER OPERATI O N S to streams. On two occasions, Managing Attorney Patti Goldman challenged AND IRRIGATION PROJECTS ON THE COLUMBIA AND dozens of timber sales on the Umpqua National Forest in Oregon for their SNAKE RIVERS effects on threatened coho salmon and cutthroat trout. The second decision, For years, Eart h j u s t i c e issued in September 1999, found that the National Marine Fisheries Service attorneys have worked to reform failed to protect salmon and blocked nearly two dozen sales. Both cases set a the operation of the Columbia precedent governing other Northwest forests where the federal government has River hydrop o w e r system that turned a blind eye to the impacts of timber sales on streams and salmon. kills hu n d r eds of thousands of The case is on appeal. th r eatened salmon every year, BLOCKING A GOLD MINE altering spawning habitat, As the result of an Earthjustice administrative challenge, the Washington blocking fish migration, and State Pollution Control Hearings Board, in January 2000, rescinded water rights raising water temperatures. In granted to Battle Mountain Gold Company for its proposed Crown Jewel gold M a rch 2000, attorneys To d d mine—a massive open-pit facility that would be the largest mine in Washington True and Kristen Boyles won an State. The mine would have destroyed pristine Buckhorn Mountain, important victory when a federal permanently reduced water flows, and threatened groundwater supplies with judge ruled that the Army Corps of Engineers must ensure the lower Snake River toxic cyanide pollution. dams comply with water quality standards. In addition, Boyles sued the Army Corps of Engineers for failing to ensure that salmon will not be jeopardized by a large agricultural operation’s increased For a look at what lies ahead for the Pacific Northwest office in 2001, please turn to page 14.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 7 8 EARTHJUSTICE OFFICES OPEN IN ALASKA AND WASHINGTON, D.C. 1 9 8 0 A case is filed in Colorado to establish that wilderness water must Earthjustice intervenes in a suit that ultimately blocks Two more Earthjustice offices open, one in Washington, D. C . , p 6 be protected. It succeeds. logging in six roadless areas in North Carolina. to monitor federal agency actions and another in Juneau, Alaska, to protect wild areas from logging. Mid-Pacific MARINE BIODIVERSITY CAMPAI G N Endangered sea turtles are routinely hooked and killed by

Ha w ai`i-based longline vessels fishing for tuna and swordf i s h . Managing Attorney Paul Achitoff In 1999, Managing Attorney Paul Achitoff challenged the National Marine Fisheries Service to address the effects of longline fisheries on sea turtles and other species. In a major ruling, a federal judge restricted longline fishing in SECURING CRITICAL HABITAT FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES seven million square miles of ocean, protecting the turtles until an environmental In a series of rulings, Staff Attorney David Henkin secured Endangered Species impact statement is complete. Act listings and critical habitat for Achitoff also sued NMFS for its failure to control lobster fishing within critical the O’ahu ‘elepaio (a native fore s t habitat for the Hawaiian monk seal—one of the most endangered marine b i rd ) , four Hawaiian inverte b r a t e s , mammals on earth. The suit convinced NMFS to close the lobster fishery for at and ten Hawaiian plants. least the 2000 season. Hawai`i’s longline fishing industry kills tens of thousands of sharks annually. PROTECTING HAWAI ` I ' S During Hawai`i’s 1999-2000 legislative session, Earthjustice attorneys helped CU L TURAL AND NATU R A L draft and garner support for a bill to ban shark finning in the state. After much TR E A S U R E S lobbying and testifying before committees, the legislation passed. In late 1998, Henkin challenged the Army to analyze PROTECTING THE WATER RIGHTS OF NATIVE HAWAI I A N S the impacts of live-fire training on The Waia¯ hole Ditch is a 27-mile system designed to divert water from the several endangered species and windward side of O`ahu to the dry leeward side, devastating streams and small cultural tre a s u res at the Ma¯ k u a family farms relying on fresh water. On behalf of Native Hawaiian and community Military Reservation. In 1999, the groups, Achitoff persuaded the State Water Commission to restore millions of A rmy agreed to pre p a re the gallons of water per day to the Waia¯ hole-Waika¯ne watershed. Although the analysis, which the community had partial restoration was an important first step, it left a significant volume of water demanded for years, and agreed in question. Achitoff appealed to the Hawai`i Supreme Court, which required the that no training will take place until commission to take further steps to protect the water resource. the study is complete.

For a look at what lies ahead for the Mid-Pacific office in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 3 As a result of an Earthjustice suit, the Environmental Protection An Earthjustice suit forces the government to suspend permits for the Agency finally takes steps to comply with Clean Air Act regulations construction of a logging operation on Admiralty Island in Alaska—home p 7 for tall smoke stacks established by Congress five years earlier. to one million acres of old-growth forest, grizzly bears, and bald eagles. Florida PROTECTING MARINE SPECIES AND ECOSYSTEMS Managing At t o r ney David Guest filed a lawsuit in Jan u a r y 20 0 0 to prevent endangered manatees from being killed or injured by Managing Attorney boats trav elling at high speeds, and to establish manatee sanctuarie s David Guest in Florida coastal wat e r s .

Earthjustice has won several preliminary victories in the case. Staff Attorney June 2000, Earthjustice won another appeal when the court ruled that the state Ansley Samson challenged the constitutionality of a state statute that would is not req u i r ed to compensate Coastal Petroleum for the market value of the have made it easier to delay drilling lease. or invalidate rules pro t e c t i n g manatees, sea turtles, and other REDUCING WATER POLLUTION en d a n g e r ed species. In March Lake Okeechobee in South Florida is polluted with chemical run-off from 20 0 0 , a judge agreed, ru l i n g cattle ranches and dairy farms. Two years ago, Earthjustice took the that the Florida constitution Environmental Protection Agency to court and in January the agency agreed to req u i r es the Wildlife Commission implement new regulations to reduce the amount of pollution flowing into the to protect Florida’s threatened lake. The new limits will require a 70 percent reduction in pollution discharged and endangered species. The into Lake Okeechobee. case is now on appeal. Several years ago, DE F E A TING LEGISLATION THAT WOULD PRIVATIZE THE SHORES OF PUBLIC Ea r thjustice challenged a permi t LAKES AND PIERS obtained by Coastal Petroleum Beginning in December 1999, Earthjustice led an effort to block the so- Company to drill for oil off called “Florida Land Title Protection Act”—sponsored by timber companies and St. George Island, near one of cattle corporations—which would place 500,000 acres of Florida’s publicly the most ecologically rich owned lakes and rivers into the hands of private landowners. The legislation estuaries in the country. In would have allowed landowners to exclude the public from recreational fishing, 1998 and 1999, Eart h j u s t i c e swimming, and camping; log Florida’s majestic cypress forests; and allow successfully blocked the permit development of shoreline areas that are essential for aquatic life. It would also and eleven additional permits threaten the protection of these ecosystems in the future. The bill was defeated sought by Coastal Petroleum in the Gulf of Mexico. In 1999, the company on the last day of the senate session. appealed the decision, and the court found again that drilling permits cannot be issued without evaluating the potential environmental impacts. Finally, in

For a look at what lies ahead for the Florida office in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 8 6 1 9 8 7 EARTHJUSTICE OFFICE OPENS IN PACIFIC NORTHWEST 1 9 8 8 Earthjustice challenges the Interior Department for issuing oil and gas drilling An Earthjustice office opens in Seattle to protect endangered permits in a pristine area of the Rockies. The permits are declared illegal, and p 8 species and ancient forests in the Pacific Northwest. ten years later the area is put off limits to oil and gas exploration. Louisiana PROTECTING MISSISSIPPI‘S WETLANDS Managing At t o r ney Nathalie Walker—in collaboration with

Mississippi citizen s — bl o c ked construction of three casino resorts Managing Attorney proposed in coastal Mississippi. Nathalie Walker

Although Mississippi has otherwise declared gambling illegal, floating casinos are moored in bays and bayous throughout the state. These casinos are HE A L TH AND COMMUNITIES constructed on large barges that stretch as long as two football fields and cause For years, Earthjustice has worked to protect communities that are exposed considerable damage to fragile wetland ecosystems. to disproportionately high levels Earthjustice challenged the Army Corps of Engineers for not requiring of air and water pollution. e n v i ronmental impact statements for the projects even though several Community Liaison Dire c t o r government agencies had urged the Corps to conduct environmental reviews. In Monique Harden is actively August 2000, a federal judge agreed with Earthjustice’s argument and ordered monitoring the federal environmental impact statements to be drafted for all three projects. government’s implementation of newly established water pollution ENFORCING WATER QUALITY STAN D A R D S limits for Georgia, Mississippi, As part of an effort to cleanup Louisiana’s rivers, lakes, and bayous, attorney and Louisiana and is working Eric Huber filed a lawsuit in 1997 to force the Environmental Protection Agency with members of Congress to to set water pollution limits. In October 1999, a district court judge ordered the push administrative agencies to EPA to set limits for more than 250 bodies of water throughout the state within address problems of people and the next seven years. The case is now on appeal. pollution more aggressively.

SUSPENSION OF LOGGING IN SOUTHEAST FORESTS In 1999, Huber convinced a federal appeals court to suspend numerous timber sales in Georgia’s Chatahoochee and Oconee national forests until wildlife inventories are complete. Building on this work, Earthjustice launched a new campaign in July 2000 to suspend logging and road building on 31 Southeast national forests where the Forest Service does not have adequate data to ensure protection of endangered plant and animal species.

For a look at what lies ahead for the Louisiana office in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 8 9 EARTHJUSTICE OFFICE OPENS IN MID-PACIFIC 1 9 9 0 Earthjustice takes on the cause of the Huaorani Indians, whose Earthjustice establishes that the Endangered Species Act prohibits habitat Earthjustice office opens in Honolulu to protect Ecuadorian Amazon homeland is threatened by oil exp l o i t a t i o n . de struction of threatened and endangered species. A federal appeals court orders the native communities and ecosystems in the Mid-Pacific p 9 A precedent-setting report eventually condemned the environmental re m o v al of non-native mouflon sheep from the slopes of Manua Kea on the island from resource extraction and development. of Haw ai`i to protect the habitat of an endangered bird known as the palila. contamination caused by U.S . oil companies as a human rights violation. Northern Rockies PROTECTING AMERICA’S WILD WOLVES AND GRIZZLY BEARS Managing At t o r ney Doug Honnold continues to lead the campaign

to protect pristine wild areas in the North e r n Rocki e s . As part of Managing Attorney this effort, Staff At t o r ney Jim Angell intervened in a lawsuit on Douglas Honnold behalf of the Forest Service to protect a portion of Montana’s Ro c ky Mountain Front from oil and gas devel o p m e n t .

In a significant victory, a federal judge rejected a claim by the oil and gas federal appeals court agreed that the government may act to preserve natural i n d u s t ry that the agency resources in one locality for the benefit of the country. violated federal law when it refused to offer drilling leases DEFENDING AND STRENGTHENING THE ROADLESS AREA POLICY on the Front. The area is home In 1999, the Forest Service put into effect an 18-month moratorium on road to several threatened and construction to assess road conditions on unprotected Forest Service roadless endangered species, including areas and began to draft a roadless policy. In response, the timber industry, the the imperiled grizzly bear. state of Idaho, and the Mountain States Legal Foundation brought four separate E a rt h j u s t i c e ’s Nort h e rn lawsuits claiming that the government must permit road construction on all non- Rockies office is also working to w i l d e rness lands. Earthjustice defended the roadless areas from these maintain and stre n g t h e n challenges. In three of these cases, the courts upheld the moratorium. The fourth endangered species protections case is still pending. for wolves throughout the c o u n t ry. In 1999, Eart h j u s t i c e PR E S E R VING THE YELLOWSTONE RIVER helped persuade a federal The Yellowstone is the longest free-flowing river remaining in the lower-48 appeals court to overt u rn a states. Increasing numbers of bank stabilization projects have dramatically lower court order requiring the altered the river’s natural flow, harming fish and riparian habitat. Earthjustice removal of wolves fro m sued the Army Corps of Engineers for issuing permits without considering the Yellowstone and central Idaho. cumulative environmental impacts of the projects on the river and its flood plain. Several years ago, the In May, a federal judge agreed and ordered the Corps to complete a new federal government reintroduced an experimental population of red wolves to environmental analysis. two national wildlife refuges in North Carolina. In response, private landowners challenged the program, claiming that the federal government does not have the constitutional authority to protect endangered species on lands within a single state. Staff Attorney Tim Preso defended the program, and in 1999 a For a look at what lies ahead for the North e r n Rockies office in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 9 0 EARTHJUSTICE OPENS IN FLORIDA 1 9 9 1 EARTHJUSTICE INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM IS CREATED AND LOUISIANA 1 9 9 2 Earthjustice wins a series of important victories in the Pacific Earthjustice office opens in Tallahassee to prevent water OFFICE OPENS Earthjustice office opens in New Orleans to protect p 1 0 Northwest, reducing logging of ancient forests in the region by pollution, protect marine biodiversity, and pres e r ve critical habitat low-income, minority communities in Louisiana and the ecosystems on more than 80 percent and protecting key spotted owl habitat. for endangered species in Florida and the Southeast. which they depend, and the International Program is created to address international environmental problems. International IN T E R N A TIONAL TRADE AND THE ENVIRONMENT Ea r thjustice played a leading role at events surrounding the World Trad e

Or g a n i z a t i o n ’ s Ministerial meeting in Seattle in December 1999. Director Martin Wagner During the meeting, International Program Director Martin Wagner and Patti Goldman, Managing Attorney for Earthjustice’s Seattle office, provided key legal Defensa del Ambiente (AIDA)—a coalition of public interest law gro u p s expertise, educating the media and the public about international trade and the throughout the Americas. environment. Earthjustice also released a series of in-depth reports on the WTO In addition, attorney Erika and its impact on public health and the environment and published a daily Rosenthal worked with Ecojuris, a newspaper, the World Trade Observer, to keep people informed of activities Russian environmental law during the meetings. organization, to stop a proposed Before the meeting, Goldman won a decision in federal court ordering the Exxon drilling operation off U.S. Trade Representative to include an environmental representative on the R u s s i a ’s far east coast. Russia’s industry-dominated wood and paper products trade advisory committees. In S u p reme Court ruled that the violation of laws requiring balanced representation on such committees, the U.S. Prime Minister could not allow the Trade Representative had refused to include environmentalists or scientists on discharge of toxic wastes from the the committees advising her on trade decisions affecting forests. p roject without conducting an HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT e n v i ronmental impact re v i e w. Erika continues to work with and Earthjustice attorneys continue efforts to hold corporations accountable for provide legal advice to Ecojuris. environmental and human devastation caused by corporate activities abroad by bringing cases before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and in Ea r thjustice also congratulates U.S. courts. Attorneys also work closely with the United Nations to ensure Executive Direc t o r and co-founder universal recognition of the right to a healthy environment and to defend victims of Ecojuris, Vera Mischenko, for of environmental destruction. winning the pr estigious Goldman En v i ro n m e n t a l Prize in 2000, IN T E R N A TIONAL PART N E R S H I P S recognizing her tireless effo r ts to E a rthjustice attorneys and Staff Scientist Anna Cederstav challenged en f o r ce environmental laws in Russia. unsustainable logging practices in Chile, Mexico, and Peru, as well as destructive mining and petroleum operations in Peru. Earthjustice also sued to protect endangered marine species, working with the Asociación Interamericana para la For a look at what lies ahead for the International Program in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 EARTHJUSTICE OFFICE OPENS IN NORTHERN ROCKIES An Earthjustice lawsuit blocks a permit for a phosphate mine in south Florida. Earthjustice office opens in Bozeman, Montana, to prevent The mine would have been the largest in the Western Hemisphere, covering p 1 1 resource extraction and development in the Northern Rockies. 17,700 acres and consuming eleven million gallons of water a day. Policy & Legislation Ea rt h j u s t i c e ’ s legislative staff, he a d q u a r tered in Was h i n g t o n , D.C. ,

works to defend and strengthen the environmental laws that Director Ea r thjustice attorneys enforce in the courts and to blo c k legislative Marty Hayden attempts to over ride Earth j u s t i c e ’ s legal victorie s .

STRENGTHENING AND DEFENDING THE ROADLESS POLICY In May 2000, the Forest Service released a draft environmental impact statement water temperatures. In 1999, a draft “biological opinion” on what salmon need for a roadless area conservation for survival and recovery, and a preliminary decision on whether to keep the policy. The draft plan proposes dams, was scheduled for release. Earthjustice’s legislative staff helped generate to protect 40 to 60 million acres 200,000 public comments in support of breaching the dams to restore salmon of national forests in 38 states populations. In a delayed decision, the government announced in July 2000 f rom road building. However, that removal of the four dams would not be considered until 2005 or 2010. it excludes the magnificent Earthjustice continues to pressure government officials to make a decision about Tongass National Forest in dam removal before salmon disappear from the region forever. Alaska, the largest intact BLOCKING CONGRESSIONAL ATT ACKS ON ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS temperate rainforest in the world. Eart h j u s t i c e ’s legislative Earthjustice helped defeat an attempt to open a loophole in the Clean s t a ff successfully turned back Water Act and the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act. If passed, the attempts in Congress to kill this legislation would have overturned a West Virginia federal court decision to forest conservation measure and curtail “mountain top removal” coal mining. The state has already lost over are working to strengthen the 1,000 miles of streams to this mining practice, which dumps millions of tons of plan to prohibit logging in all waste in adjacent valleys. roadless forests, including the Earthjustice legislative staff also successfully defeated many other anti- Tongass. environmental riders attached to spending bills for the government’s 1999 and 2000 fiscal year budgets. Several of these riders included attacks on BREACHING THE SNAKE RIVER Earthjustice’s court victories to protect endangered species, clean water, and DA M S national forests. In a major Earthjustice court victory six years ago, the government was ordered to develop a new long-term restoration plan for endangered and threatened Snake River salmon. Four hydroelectric dams threaten salmon survival on the Snake River, altering habitat, blocking migration, and raising For a look at what lies ahead for Policy & Legislation in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 1 9 9 6 1 9 9 8 An Earthjustice lawsuit helps block the development of a large mine high in Representing citizens from two African-American communitie s, Earthjustice p 1 2 the mountains above the northern boundary of Yellowstone National Park. stops construction of a uranium-enrichment plant that is proposed to be built between two communities in rural Louisiana. Environmental Law Clinics In June 2000, Ea r thjustice joined forces with Earthlaw—a non- profit environmental law organization based in Denver — g a i n i n g four talented attorneys and environmental law clinics at the Un i v ersity of Denver College of Law and Stanford Law Scho o l .

With the clinics, Earthjustice will educate students about non-pro f i t ST ANFORD LAW SCHOOL PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS e n v i ronmental law and increase legal services to environmental gro u p s Students at Stanford Law School are working with clinic attorneys Deborah throughout the country. Clinic students have successfully brought cases to Sivas and Mike Lozeau to protect public lands, water protect more than 50 species, public parklands, wetlands, rivers, and streams. quality, and endangered species. In 2000, the clinic is taking legal action to: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER COLLEGE OF LAW PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS Students at the University of Denver are working with attorneys Neil Levine > Challenge the development of a massive and Jay Tutchton, and with Earthjustice’s Rocky Mountain office to secure garbage dump, which would threaten endangered endangered species listings for plant and animal species, designate critical species, ground water, and air quality, and disturb habitat for listed species, and challenge government agencies for failing to wilderness experiences in Joshua Tree National Park; manage critical habitat areas. In 2000, the clinic is taking legal action to: > P revent the construction of a geothermal > Prevent a large timber sale in Arizona from power plant in an area considered sacred by various d e s t roying goshawk habitat and old-gro w t h Native American tribes in California; ponderosa pine; > Compel the Environmental Protection Agency to establish and implement > Compel the government to evaluate the pollution limits for hundreds of impaired water bodies in California; and impacts of cattle grazing, off-road vehicle use, > Challenge a Habitat Conservation Plan in the Sacramento area for its mining, and road building on the endangered failure to protect the giant garter snake, the Swainson’s hawk, and 24 other desert tortoise and 24 other endangered species species. In August 2000, a judge ruled in the clinic’s favor that the HCP was not in the desert of southeastern California; and adequate to ensure species protection—only the second case to overturn an > Challenge the National Marine Fisheries HCP in the country. Service for its fai l u r e to evaluate the effects of longline fisheries on endangered sea turtles and other species in the North Pacific. For a look at what lies ahead for the Environmental Law Clinics in 2001, please turn to page 15.

M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t M a j o r A c c o m p l i s h m e n t 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 Earthjustice joins forces with Earthlaw and adopts environmental law clinics Suit is filed to banish large trawlers fishing for groundfish in Steller sea lion at the University of Denver College of Law and Stanford Law School. feeding grounds in the Bering Sea and North Pacific. The population of Steller p 1 3 sea lions in the region has fallen by some 80 percent in the past 20 years. W A S H I N G TO N , D . C .

In 2001, Ea r thjustice celebrates its 30th anniver s a r y. > Reduce haze in national parks and wilderness areas. > Prevent toxic air emissions from hazardous waste incinerators and cement kilns. It is an exciting time for the organization as at t o rn e y s > Re q u i r e stronger air pollution controls in cities that missed clean-up deadlines. build on past legal accomplishments and expand their > Improve flawed state air permit programs. > Challenge two Environmental Protection Agency permits that fail to provide ca s e w o r k . He r e ’ s a look at Earth j u s t i c e ’ s goals for the sufficient protection from stormwater discharges and that allow the Navy to discharge excessive amounts of toxics into the Anacostia River. 30th anniver s a r y yea r . > Continue litigation to block raw sewage discharges.

C A L I F O R N I A A L A S K A > Monitor and influence air pollution and transportation decision-making in the Bay Area . > Ensure that the National Marine Fisheries Service completes a comprehensive > Prevent new highway projects that would facilitate urban sprawl and result in review of the impacts of trawling on Steller sea lions and other threatened additional air pollution in the Central Valley. species in the North Pacific. > Protect Tongass National Forest roadless areas from logging and road building. > Challenge the allocation of water rights to the San Joaquin River, which places urban and farming interests over those of endangered salmon and other > Safeguard wilderness areas and wildlife habitat in America’s Arctic from oil and environmental resources. gas development. > Compel the state to protect inland ecosystems and communities from toxic pollution. > Secure endangered species listings for several indicator species in the Sierra Nevada.

ROCKY MOUNT A I N PACIFIC NOR T H W E S T

> Expand efforts to limit overgrazing on public lands to national monument > Ensure the government reforms hydroelectric dam operations on the Snake River and recreation areas in southern Utah. by challenging an inadequate plan, released in July 2000, governing the long- > Protect roadless areas on public lands from motorized access and road term management of the dams. construction. > Challenge the National Marine Fisheries Service’s approval of a Habitat > Defend the President’s authority to designate national monument areas Conservation Plan that fails to protect salmon. without Congressional approval. > Continue to enforce the Northwest Forest Plan program designed to protect > Stop a groundwater pumping operation at a military base in Southern aquatic habitat for salmon and other fish from destructive logging on public lands. Arizona that is threatening key bird and fish habitat. > Invalidate federal approval of the flawed Washington “Forests and Fish Report,” > Challenge an artificial snowmaking project that would damage aquatic which insulates destructive logging (that kills salmon on state and private habitat and water quality at the Arapahoe Ski Area in the White River timberland) from the Endangered Species Act. National Forest in Colorado. > Curb use of toxic pesticides in salmon habitat. > Obtain mandatory medical monitoring for farm workers who handle toxic pesticides in Washington State. p 1 4 M I D - P A C I F I C N O R T H E R N R O C K I E S

> Secure critical habitat designations and enforce protections for native plant > Prevent state and federal agencies from removing Yellowstone-area grizzly and animal species. bears from the Endangered Species List. > Ensure that streams, estuaries, and family farming communities get the water > Challenge three oil and gas leases in the Shoshone National Forest, a timber they need to survive. sale in a roadless area of the Shoshone, and off-road and off-trail motorized > Compel the Environmental Protection Agency to establish pollution limits for travel in the Gallatin National Forest. all waterways and coastal areas in Hawai`i that do not meet state water quality > Protect and improve the Forest Service’s roadless area policy against standards. private interests. > Force the Army to produce an environmental impact statement evaluating the impacts of training at Ma¯kua Military Reservation.

F L O R I D A I N T E R N AT I O N A L > Prevent manatees from being killed by boats travelling at high speeds in > Ensure greater public participation in the development and implementation manatee areas. of international environmental trade policies. > Require bycatch reduction devices on shrimp trawls in the Gulf of Mexico. > Challenge a joint venture between Boise Cascade and Maderas Condor > Force state agencies to locate and correct problem septic systems that are of Chile to build a new wood chip plant that would destroy about 12,000 polluting the Chassahowitzka spring and river system. acres of native forest annually in Chile. > Continue efforts to reduce pollution levels in Lake Okeechobee. > Guarantee United Nations recognition of the human right to a healthy environment. > Defeat renewed efforts to pass the “Florida Land Title Protection Act” in the next legislature to protect Florida’s aquatic ecosystems. > Compel the Canadian government to improve forestry practices and endangered species protections. > Protect Russian seas from extensive oil and gas development.

L O U I S I A N A POLICY & LEGISLA T I O N

> Challenge construction of the Yazoo Pumps, the world’s largest hydraulic > Push the government to breach four hydroelectric dams on the Snake River pumping plant in the Lower Mississippi River Delta that threatens to destroy and develop a long-term plan to protect threatened and endangered salmon at least 126,000 acres of wetlands and alter the hydrology of the region. in the region. > Suspend timber sales in national forests throughout the South until protections > Work to protect all wild forests, including Alaska’s Tongass National Forest. for various threatened, endangered, and sensitive plant and animal species are > Block effo r ts to weaken the Clean Water Act’s non-point source pollution prog r a m . put into effect. > Defend Earthjustice’s legal victories and key environmental laws, such as the > Compel the government to expand critical habitat for the endangered Endangered Species Act and Clean Air Act, in Congress. Alabama beach mouse. E N V I RO N M E N T AL LAW CLINICS > Continue to monitor implementation of water pollution limits in Georgia, Mississippi, and Louisiana. > Clinic students at Stanford Law School will continue to safeguard public lands, preserve water quality, and protect endangered species habitat. The clinic is also building on work to protect marine biodiversity off the West Coast. > Clinic students at the University of Denver College of Law will build on their work to secure endangered species listings for plant and animal species, designate critical habitat for listed species, and challenge government agencies for failing to protect critical habitat areas. p 1 5 Clients 1999-2000 Ea r thjustice provides free legal representation to hundreds of client organizations, ranging from national organizations like the Sierra Club and Am e r ican River s , to local groups such as the Kaua`i Friends for the Environment.

Animal Welfare Institute Clean Air Council Friends Aware of Wildlife Needs ARC Ecology Clean Up Rincon Effluent Friends of Castle Rock State Park Arctic Audubon Society Clearwater Biodiversity Project Friends of Georgia Arkansas Wildlife Federation Coalition for Amazon Peoples Friends of Hope Valley Association of Superior Councils of the U’wa People and Their Environment Friends of the Abajos Atlantic Salmon Federation Coast Action Group Friends of the Bitterroot Audubon Society of the Everglades Coast Range Association Friends of the Earth Back Country Horsemen of Montana Colorado Environmental Coalition Friends of the Elk River Barry Farm Resident Council Colorado Mountain Club Friends of the Garcia River Bay Institute of San Francisco Colorado Wild Friends of the Navarro River Beartooth Alliance Common Cause Hawai`i Friends of the River Bighorn Forest Users Communities for a Better Environment Friends of the Santa Clara River “The Grand Canyon Trust has been extremely fortunate Biodiversity Associates Communities Organized to Improve Life Friends of the Swainson’s Hawk to partner with Earthjustice in a campaign to remove Biodiversity Legal Foundation Co n c e r ned Citizens of Putnam Co. Friends of the Ventura River 13 million tons of radioactive uranium mill wastes from Biscayne Bay Foundation for Responsive Governm e n t Gallatin Wildlife Association the banks of the Colorado River. Over the course of a Black Hills Audubon Society CONFENIAE Georgia Environmental Organization long and highly technical regulatory process, the Denver Blue Ocean Preservation Society Conservation Council for Hawai`i Gifford Pinchot Task Force Conservation Law Foundation office of Earthjustice conceived and executed a dogged Buckeye Forest Council Gila Watch Coosa River Basin Initiative and brilliant legal strategy that was instrumental in Buena Vista Audubon Society Golden Gate Audubon Society Dakota Rural Action removing this major source of contamination from the Butte Environmental Council Golden Gate Fishermen's Association Defenders of Wildlife southwest’s most important river.” Cabinet Resource Group Grand Canyon Trust DeltaKeeper Gray Wolf Committee BILL HEDDEN, UTAH CONSERVATION DIRECTOR, California Association of Professional Scientists Desert Citizens Against Pollution GRAND CANYON TRUST California Native Plant Society Great Bear Foundation California Natural Resources Federation Desert Protective Council Great Old Broads for Wilderness Earth Island Institute A Hunter’s Voice California Public Interest Research Group Greater Ecosystem Alliance East Silver Lake Improvement Association Action for the Environment California Sportfishing Protection Alliance Greater Yellowstone Coalition Ecology Center AFL-CIO California Striped Bass Association Greenpeace Foundation, Hawai`i El Dorado County Taxpayers for Quality Growth Alaska Center for the Environment California Trout Greenpeace USA Endangered Habitats League Alaska Wilderness League California Wilderness Coalition Gulf Islands Conservancy Environmental Planning and Information Alaska Wildlife Alliance Cape Cod Commercial Hook Fishermen’s Association GVEA Ratepayers Alliance Council of Western El Dorado Alliance for the Wild Rockies Caples Lake Homeowners Association Hakipu`u `Ohana Environment Hawai`i Alpine County Caples Lake Resort Hawai`i Audubon Society Environmental Confederation of Southwest Florida Alpine Lakes Protection Society Caribbean Conservation Corporation Hawaiian Botanical Society Environmental Council of Sacramento American Canoe Association Carmel River Steelhead Association Headwaters Environmental Defense American Fisheries Society Carson Forest Watch Heal the Bay Environmental Protection Information Center American Lands Alliance Center for Auto Safety Humane Society International Federation of Fly Fishers American Lung Association Center for Biological Diversity Humane Society of the United States Fellowship for Reconciliation American Lung Association of Northern Virginia Center for Environmental Law and Policy Humboldt Watershed Council Florida Audubon Society American Oceans Campaign Center for International Environmental Law Idaho Conservation League Florida Biodiversity Project American Rivers Center for Marine Conservation Idaho Rivers United Florida Keys Citizen Coalition American Society for Prevention Center for Sierra Nevada Conservation Idaho Sporting Congress Florida Public Interest Research Group of Cruelty to Animals Chassahowitzka River Restoration Committee Idaho Steelhead and Salmon United Florida Wildlife Federation American Wildlands Chester Residents Concerned for Quality Living Idaho Watersheds Project Forest Conservation Council Americans for the Environment Citizen’s Alert Regarding the Environment Idaho Wildlife Federation Forest Guardians Anacostia Watershed Society Citizens Association of Bonita Beach Inland Empire Public Lands Council Forest Service Employees for Environmental Ethics Animal Protection Institute Citizens Coal Council Institute for Fisheries Resources p 1 6 Forty-Niner Council of the Boy Scouts of America Animal Protection of New Mexico Citizens for Water International Forum on Globalization Four Corners Action Coalition Clark County Natural Resources Council International Fund for Animal Welfare International Wildlife Coalition North Carolina Wildlife Federation San Diego BayKeeper Investigative Network Northcoast Environmental Center San Francisco BayKeeper Jackson Hole Conservation Alliance Northern Alaska Environmental Center San Joaquin Audubon Society Jumping Frog Research Institute Northern California Council, San Pedro 100 Ka Lahui Hawai`i Federation of Fly Fishers Sanibel-Captiva Audubon Society Kahalu`u Neighborhood Board Northern California Guides Associations Santa Barbara ChannelKeeper Kaua`i Friends for the Environment Northern Plains Resource Council Santa Barbara Urban Creeks Council Keep the Sespe Wild Committee Northern Si e r ra Summer Homeowners’ Association Santa Monica BayKeeper Kentucky Resources Council Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides Save Our Creeks Kettle Range Conservation Group Northwest Ecosystem Alliance Save Our Surf “We kept trying to work with the Forest Service to repair Kingman Park Civic Association Northwest Environmental Advocates Save San Francisco Bay Association the logging roads on our lands and their excuse was they Kirkwood Associates Northwest Environmental Defense Center Save the Manatee Club didn’t have the money. Finally, we sought help and Kirkwood Meadows Public Utilities District Northwest Sport Fishing Industry Association Save the West Earthjustice stepped up to the plate. Without Earthjustice Kit Carson Lodge Northwest Wyoming Resource Council Sea Turtle Restoration Project, Turtle Island there to help I don’t think we would’ve had a chance. Klamath Forest Alliance Ogeechee River Valley Association Seattle Audubon Society Legal action might not be the whole solution, but it’s Okanogan Highlands Alliance Lake Kirkwood Association Selkirk-Priest Basin Association a step in the right direction. We need fish for our children Lake Pend Oreille Club Okanogan Wilderness League Sierra Club and grandchildren.” League to Save Sierra Lakes Olympic Park Associates Sierra Nevada Forest Protection Campaign RUSSELL HEPFER, TRIBAL CHAIRPERSON, Orange County CoastKeeper Life of the Land Silver Lake Water Company LOWER ELWHA TRIBAL COMMUNITY Louisiana Environmental Action Network Oregon Council of the Federation of Fly Fishers Sinapu Louisiana Wildlife Federation Oregon Natural Desert Association Siskiyou Audubon Society Maine Audubon Society Oregon Natural Resources Council Siskiyou Regional Education Project Treasure Coast Environmental Coalition Maine Council of Atlantic Salmon Federation Oregon Wildlife Federation Sitka Conservation Society Trial Lawyers for Public Justice Maine Lobstermen’s Association Orleans Audubon Society South Dakota Resources Coalition Trout Unlimited Makawai Stream Restoration Alliance Pacific Coast Federation South Fork Mountain Defense Committee Trout Unlimited Madison-Gallatin Chapter Malama Ma¯ kua of Fishermens’ Associations South Silver Lake Homeowners’ Association Trout Unlimited of California Marble Mountain Audubon Pacific Crest Biodiversity Project Southeast Alaska Conservation Council Trustees for Alaska Marianas Audubon Society Pacific Environment and Resources Center Southern Appalachian Biodiversity Project Turtle Island Restoration Network Maricopa Audubon Society Pacific Rivers Council Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance Umpqua Watersheds Mendocino Environmental Center Park County Environmental Coalition Southwest Environmental Center United Anglers of California Mississippi River Basin Alliance Park County Environmental Council Southwest Trekking Urban Protectors Mississippi Wildlife Federation Penobscot Indian Nation Southwest Trout U.S. Public Interest Research Group Montana Audubon Society People for Puget Sound Spearfish Canyon Preservation Trust Utah Council of Trout Unlimited Montana Council of Trout Unlimited Pilchuck Audubon Society Stanislaus Audubon Society Waia¯ hole-Waika¯ ne Community Association Montana Ecosystems Defense Council Pineros y Campesinos Unidos del Noroeste Swan View Coalition Waipi`o Valley Community Association Montana Environmental Information Center Pit River Tribe T & E Inc. Washington Environmental Center Montana River Action Network Plasse Homestead Homeowners’ Association Taxpayers for the Animas River Washington Environmental Council Montana Wilderness Association Plasse’s Resort Tenmile Creek Association Washington Native Plant Society Monterey Peninsula Audubon Society Portland Audubon Society The Bay Institute Washington Toxics Coalition Mount Shasta Area Audubon Society Powder River Basin Resource Council The California Council for Trout Unlimited Washington Trout Mount Shasta Bioregional Ecology Center Predator Conservation Alliance The Conservancy of Southwest Florida Washington Wildlife Federation Mountain Lion Foundation Professional Wilderness Outfitters Association The Grizzly Project WaterKeeper Alliance National Audubon Society Protect Ma`alaea Coalition The Huaorani People WaterWatch of Oregon National Coalition for Marine Conservation Public Citizen The Lands Council Western Ancient Forest Campaign National Parks and Conservation Association Public Citizen Global Trade Watch The Mazamas Western Land Exchange Project National Trust for Historic Preservation Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility The Mountaineers Whidbey Environmental Action Network National Wildlife Federation Puget Sound Gillnetters Association The National Indigenous Organization White Mountain Conservation League Native Coalition for Medicine Lake Highlands Defense Puget Soundkeeper Alliance of Colombia Wildlands CPR Native Ecosystems Defense Council Rabun County Coalition The Nature School WildSouth Natural Resources Council of Maine Recreational Fishing Alliance The Pegasus Foundation Willits Environmental Center Natural Resources Defense Council ReefKeeper International The Planning and Conservation League Wyoming Outdoor Council New Mexico Wilderness Association Responsible Growth Management Coalition The Wilderness Society Wyoming Wilderness Association New York Public Interest Research Group Sacramento River Preservation Trust The Wildlands Center for Preventing Roads Wyoming Wildlife Federation p 1 7 No Way L.A. Coalition Safegrow Tongass Conservation Society Yellowstone Valley Audubon Society San Bruno Mountain Watch Al a s k a > Convinced a judge to suspend trawl fishing for groundfish within endangered Steller sea lion critical habitat until the government completes its evaluation of the impacts of the fisheries on the species. > Temporarily prevented construction of a power line through a roadless area of interior Alaska with No rt h e r n Rocki e s key wildlife habitat and high recreational value. > On behalf of the Forest Service, protected key grizzly bear habitat from oil and gas development in a portion of Montana’s Rocky Mountain Front. > Successfully defended the government’s moratorium on road building in roadless areas from attacks by the timber industry, the State of Idaho, and the Mountain States Legal Foundation. Pacific North w e s t > Won a court ruling calling on the Army Corps of Engineers to ensure that the lower Snake River dams comply with federal water quality standards. > Blocked nearly two dozen timber sales in the Umpqua National Forest for their impacts on endangered salmon and cutthroat trout.

Ca l i f o rn i a > Won a court ruling that the Clean Water Act Mi d - Pa c i f i c authorizes the Environmental Protection Agency to > Won a court ruling to suspend longline fishing set and enforce limits on non-point source pollution, in seven million square miles of ocean, to protect such as sedimentation from logging. endangered sea turtles and other species. > Compelled the National Marine Fisheries Service > Convinced Hawai`i’s Supreme Court to order to designate critical habitat for 19 populations greater protection for Native Hawaiians and their of salmon and steelhead in large areas of Idaho, water rights to the Wai a¯ ho l e - Wa i k a¯ ne watershed. Washington, Oregon, and California. Policy and Legislation > Successfully defeated anti-environmental riders in the 1999 and 2000 fiscal years, and blocked attempts to weaken the Clean Water Act and Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act. > Helped generate 200,000 public comments in support of breaching the Snake River dams to restore salmon populations. p 1 8 In t e rn a t i o n a l > Won a decision in federal court ordering the U.S. Trade Representative to include an environmental representative on the industry-dominated wood and paper products trade advisory committees. > Challenged destructive mining and petroleum Ro c ky Mountain operations in Peru and unsustainable logging practices in Chile, Mexico, and Peru. > Forced the Forest Service to analyze the impacts of cattle grazing and reduce cattle numbers on the Lincoln National Forest in New Mexico. > Reached a settlement with the Environmental Was h i n g t o n , D.C . Protection Agency and the state of Colorado requiring the state to establish water pollution > Reached a settlement with the Environmental limits for 198 rivers and streams. Protection Agency establishing clean-up plans to control ozone, the primary component of smog, in several major metropolitan areas. > Forced the Environmental Protection Agency to establish water pollution caps for District waterways, including Rock Creek and the Anacostia and Potomac Rivers.

Lo u i s i a n a > Prevented the construction of three casino resorts Fl o ri d a proposed in fragile wetlands in coastal Mississippi. > Won several preliminary victories preventing > Compelled the Environmental Protection Agency endangered manatees from being killed or injured to set pollution limits for more than 250 rivers, by boats travelling at high speeds. lakes, and bayous in Louisiana. > Pushed the Environmental Protection Agency to reduce the amount of pollution flowing into Lake Okeechobee by 70 percent.

p 1 9 Financial Report Thanks to the generosity of Earth j u s t i c e ’ s many supporte r s , the fiscal year ending July 31, 20 0 0 , was the or g a n i z a t i o n ’ s strongest ever .

Solid growth in operating revenues coupled with conservative oversight of operating expenses allowed the organization to conclude the year in a healthy financial condition. In addition, gifts made in response to Earthjustice’s capital campaign (described elsewhere in this annual report), as well as several generous bequests left to the organization by longtime supporters, enabled us to increase our long-term investments and will help ensure the future stability of the organization. Finally, Earthjustice re c o rded a significant increase in foundation grant revenue this past fiscal year, much of it derived from grants made by The Pew Charitable Trusts to two special projects for which Earthjustice is functioning primarily as a fiscal sponsor. As you review the financial statements associated with this report, bear in mind that current accounting rules require, under certain circumstances, the recognition of revenue not yet received and prohibit the recognition of obligatory expenses associated with that revenue. For example, in 1999-2000 Earthjustice had to record $4.3 million in temporarily restricted foundation grants that will not actually be received until subsequent years. At the same time, the rules did not allow the recognition of any of the $4.3 million of expenses that are required by these grants. In addition, Earthjustice recorded $3.7 million in bequest income, $2.2 million of which had not yet been received. The point is that while Earthjustice had a good year, it was not quite as extraordinary as one might conclude from the audit numbers. Revenue and gains in 1999-2000 reached $28.1 million. Contributions from individuals totaled $14.9 million, representing 56 percent of total operating support. Of this total, $3.5 million was generated through the capital campaign and $3.7 million was generated from bequests. In addition, $8.7 million was recorded in foundation grants, the largest portion of which ($6.7 million) are grants from The Pew Charitable Trusts for the Ocean Law Project and the Pew Wilderness Center.

p 2 0 Expenses for program and supporting services in 1999-2000 were $17.6 million, an increase of $3.3 million over last year. Program services accounted for $2.2 million of that increase and represented 74 percent of total expenses. Only seven percent of total expenses went towards management and general support, while 19 percent was directed toward fundraising efforts. Fundraising expenses in 1999-2000 increased from last year due to the adoption of a new accounting standard, effective this year. The new standard requires that certain public information expenditures associated with our public support program be classified as fundraising expenses rather than program expenses. Total assets at July 31, 2000, were $33.3 million, an increase of $11.2 million over last year. Most of this increase can be traced to the growth in contributions receivable and long-term investments. Contributions receivable, which at year’s end stood at $8.2 million, is composed of largely unpaid bequests of $3.6 Note: The condensed financial million and balances from multi-year grants totaling $4.3 million. Long-term information on pages 22-23 has been investments totaled $22.1 million at year’s end, an increase of $7.3 million over derived from the audited financial last year. The growth in long-term investments has been an important goal of statements reported upon by Earthjustice which the capital campaign and bequest investment policies were Bertorelli & Company, Earthjustice’s outside audit firm. This information designed to enhance. The capital campaign contributed $3.5 million to long- is presented as a summary and, term investments during the year and bequests contributed an additional $1.3 therefore, does not include all the million. The balance of the increase in long-term investments came from disclosures required by generally transfers from other investments and investment returns. accepted accounting principles. On behalf of the staff and the board of trustees of Earthjustice Legal Interested parties can obtain a complete copy of the fiscal year Defense Fund, I want to extend our sincere appreciation for the generosity of 1999-2000 audited financial Earthjustice’s many supporters. statements by contacting our San Francisco office.

B r u c e M . N e i g h b o r D i re c t o r , Finance and A d m i n i s t ra t i o n

p 2 1 STA T E MENTS OF FIN A N C I A L P O S I T I O N

A S SE T S 2 0 0 0 19 9 9 Operating cash, including client trust funds $ 40,605 $ 262,292 S h o r t -term investments at market value 79 5 ,175 1, 2 4 3 ,114 L o n g -term investments at market value, including cash equivalents 2 2 , 0 6 8 ,176 14 ,759,925 Re c e i v a b l e s 8 ,15 0 , 3 21 3 , 612,564 Pledges receivable less allowance for uncollectibles 67,725 57,569 Court aw a rds re c e i v a b l e 2 3 3 ,188 259,553 P repaid ex p e n s e s 155,668 82,984 P roperty and equipment, at cost, net of accumulated depre c i a t i o n 1,761,523 1,75 8 , 918

T O T A L A S S E T S $ 3 3 , 272 , 3 81 $ 2 2 , 0 3 6 , 918

L I A B IL I T I ES Accounts paya b l e $ 9 0 9 ,720 $ 356,568 Ac c rued vacation paya b l e 338,244 294,622 Client trust funds 38,438 94,805 Liabilities related to split interest gift agre e m e n t s 3 , 271,895 3 , 0 5 2 , 2 5 8

T O T A L L I A B IL I T I ES $ 4 , 5 5 8 , 2 97 $ 3 ,79 8 , 2 5 3

N E T A S S E T S Un re s t r i c t e d 19 , 2 9 9 , 476 13 , 0 2 0 , 414 Temporarily re s t r i c t e d 8,663,423 4 , 8 27,120 Permanently re s t r i c t e d 751,185 3 91,131

TOTAL NET ASSE T S $ 2 8 ,714,084 $ 18 , 2 3 8 , 6 6 5

T O T A L L I A B IL I T I ES AND NET ASSE T S $ 3 3 , 272 , 3 81 $ 2 2 , 0 3 6 , 918

p 2 2 STA T E M E N T S O F A C T I V I T I E S A N D C H A N G ES IN NET ASSE T S 2 0 0 0 19 9 9 Te m p o r a r i l y Pe r m a n e n t l y Un restricted Re s t r i c t e d Re s t r i c t e d To t a l To t a l

R EV E N U E S A N D G A I N S Contributions net of uncollectible pledges $ 10 , 617, 0 5 4 $ 9 , 617, 0 5 5 $ 15 0 , 0 0 0 $ 2 0 , 3 8 4 ,10 9 $ 11, 5 41,7 76 Bequests 3,559,996 — 181, 9 91 3 ,741, 9 87 1,77 7, 6 11 Court aw a rded attorn ey fees and costs 2 , 219 , 519 — — 2 , 219 , 519 2,999,236 Change in value of split interest agree m e n t s 162,038 (16 4 ,737 ) — ( 2 , 6 9 9 ) ( 3 8 ,760) Gains on long-term inve s t m e n t s 1,004,930 10 , 0 41 16,435 1, 0 31, 4 0 6 3 5 3 ,161 I n t e rest and dividend income 505,839 101, 3 91 15 ,131 6 2 2 , 3 61 377, 4 13 Other income and loss 116,062 — — 116,062 119 ,707 Satisfaction of program restrictions 5 , 575 ,163 ( 5 , 571, 6 5 9 ) (3,504) — — Expiration of time re s t r i c t i o n s 15 5 ,788 (15 5 ,78 8 ) — — —

T O T A L R E V E N U E S A N D G A I NS 2 3 , 916,389 3,836,303 3 6 0 , 0 5 4 2 8 ,112 ,746 17,13 0 ,144

EXPENSES

P rogram services L i t i g a t i o n 9 ,707, 671 – – 9 ,707, 671 8 , 2 2 4 , 0 4 3 L o b by i n g 18 6 , 5 0 5 – – 18 6 , 5 0 5 213 , 4 0 8 Public Information 3 ,138,942 — — 3 ,138,942 2 , 3 81,609 Supporting services Management and general 1,288,623 — — 1,288,623 1, 3 2 3 , 217 Fundraising 3 , 315 , 5 87 — — 3 , 315 , 5 87 2 ,171, 616

TOTAL EXPENSES 17, 6 37,328 — — 17, 6 37,328 14 , 313,893

I N C R E A S E IN NET ASSE T S 6 , 279,062 3,836,303 3 6 0 , 0 5 4 10 , 475 , 418 2 , 816 , 2 51

N E T A S S E T S , beginning of year 13 , 0 2 0 , 414 4 , 8 27,120 3 91,131 18,238,666 15 , 4 2 2 , 414

N E T A S S E T S , end of year $ 19 , 2 9 9 , 476 $ 8,663,423 $ 751,185 $ 2 8 ,714,084 $ 18,238,665

p 2 3 Giving Opportunities

Ea r thjustice Legal Defense Fund has a var iety of giving opportunities avai l a b le to donors. Please choose one—or a few—of the options below to help Earthjustice remain strong and successful as the organization celebrates its 30th anniver s a r y in 2001.

AP P R E C I A TED SECURITIES THE WILLIAM O. DOUGLAS SOCIETY Giving stocks and bonds to Earthjustice can make a measurable difference in the William O. Douglas served on the Supreme Court from 1939 to 1975 and was preservation of natural resources, and simultaneously reduce your tax bills. perhaps the single most distinguished champion of the environment in American By donating appreciated stocks, bonds, and mutual fund shares that have been legal history. Membership in the William O. Douglas Society is offered to donors owned for more than one year, Earthjustice supporters can completely avoid who make an annual contribution of $500 or more, and entitles them to a wide capital gains tax. They also receive an income tax deduction for the fair market range of benefits. value of their gift. Contact Tracy Donahoe at 415-627-6700, extension 238, or via email TEAM LEGAL t d o n a h o e @ e a rt h j u s t i c e . o rg. The members of this monthly giving program play a vital role in ensuring that the organization has the resources necessary for all ongoing programs. By giving THE EVERGREEN COUNCIL regular contributions, Team Legal members enable Earthjustice to move quickly The Evergreen Council is a special group of supporters who are helping to when a threat to the environment arises. Members are welcome to make provide for the future of Earthjustice through planned gifts. These special monthly gifts by check, credit card, or electronic funds transfer. arrangements allow supporters to fulfill their personal philanthropic and tax planning goals. MA TCHING GIFTS Estate Planning: Members of the Council can include Earthjustice as a Earthjustice donors can make their hard-earned dollars go twice as far through beneficiary of their wills, living trusts, retirement plans or life insurance policies matching gifts. Most employers will match charitable contributions, and some and reduce their estate taxes. will do more, even if the employee is now retired. Donors should send a Life Income Gifts: Life income gifts, such as charitable gift annuities, Pooled contribution accompanied by a matching gift form to Earthjustice, and our staff Income Fund gifts, or charitable remainder trusts provide members of the will do the rest of the work. Council with many tax benefits, including income for life, reduced capital gain For information on Memorial and Tribute Gifts, The William O. Douglas taxes and immediate income tax deductions. Society, Team Legal and Matching Gifts please contact Lynn Bolton Contact Audrey Yee at 415-627-6700, extension 219, or via email at at 415-627-6700, extension 224, or via email at l b o l t o n @ e a rt h j u s t i c e . o rg . [email protected]. WORKPLACE GIVING MEMORIAL AND TRIBUTE GIFTS Earthjustice is a founding member of Earth Share, a federation of the nation’s Many of the organization’s supporters cherish a loved one’s memory or honor leading environmental and conservation organizations. Earth Share raises funds someone special by making a memorial or tribute gift in his or her name to on behalf of its members through workplace payroll deduction campaigns. E a rthjustice. When a donation is received, Earthjustice sends a special To find out more about supporting Earthjustice through the Earth Share handwritten greeting card to the individual being honored, or to the person who charitable giving campaign, please contact Julia Raish at 415-627-6700, should receive notification of the memorial gift. extension 255, or via email at j r a i s h @ e a rt h j u s t i c e . o rg . p 3 2 Special Funds for Earthjustice Legal Defense Fund Ea r thjustice Legal Defense Fund is committed to defending the environment over the long haul.This means securing the financial resources to get the job done—and to win.The Board of Trustees of Earthjustice recognized this need in establishing the special funds described below.

THE EAGLE FUND THE SUTHERLAND EDUCATION FUND The Eagle Fund’s monies may be used wherever they are needed to ensure The Sutherland Education Fund honors Rick Sutherland, president of Earthjustice Earthjustice maintains its long-term commitment to cutting edge environmental from 1977 to 1991, who inspired a generation of young lawyers to pursue law. The Eagle Fund was established to honor Board member Louise Gund and careers in environmental law. The fund provides financial support for law those who share with her the goal of an environment effectively protected students to work under the tutelage of experienced Earthjustice lawyers, through the rule of law. exposing them to the rewards of public interest environmental law, and training future generations of environmental lawyers. THE COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY FUND Communication and Technology Fund monies will be used to ensure Earthjustice THE EDGAR AND PEGGY WAYBURN PUBLIC LANDS FUND has the technology needed to accomplish our work, educate the public about The Edgar and Peggy Wayburn Public Lands Fund honors two of America’s environmental law, and activate citizens on pressing environmental issues. greatest advocates for wilderness and public lands protection. This Fund ensures our continued work to protect public lands from destructive activities, such as THE NORTHERN ROCKIES ADVOCACY FUND logging, mining, grazing, oil and gas development, sprawl, and motorized The Northern Rockies Advocacy Fund will allow Earthjustice to continue to recreation. protect threatened and endangered species and pristine wild lands in the Northern Rockies from logging, mining, oil and gas exploration, development, If you would like to help strengthen Earthjustice’s legal edge in advancing and other threats. The fund also serves as a model for similar vehicles that may the conservation cause now and in the future contact Steven Katz, Director be created to support Earthjustice’s work in other regions. of Development, at 415-627-6700, or via email at [email protected].

p 3 3 Earthjustice Staff For the past three decades, Ea rt h j u s t i c e ’ s staff has worked tirelessly to enforce and strengthen environmental laws. Ea r thjustice thanks our staff for their dedication and commitment to positive environmental change throughout the past yea r .

This list is current as of November, 2000 ROCKY MOUNTAI N Eric Bilsky Marjorie Ziegler Monica Goldberg Resource Analyst CA L I F O R N I A Susan Daggett Attorneys Kim Ramos Managing Attorney Jonelle Dilley Office Manager Deborah Reames Jim Angell Legal Assistant Everett Ching Managing Attorney Marie Kirk Charlotte Gray Legal Assistant Rebecca Bernard Robert Wiygul Paralegal/Analyst Laura Hoehn Julie Teel Mike Sherwood Attorneys FL O R I D A ALASKA Attorneys Kimberly Boggiatto David Guest John Wall Research Associate Eric Jorgensen Managing Attorney Sarah Lancaster Nan Houser Managing Attorney Coby Dolan Litigation Assistants Office Manager Deirdre McDonnell Ansley Samson Joseph Street Lynda Lovett Janis Searles Attorneys Legal Secretary Stanley Yung Tom Waldo Alison Finn Research Associates Chris Wilde Legal Assistant/Clerk LaWanda Archie WASHINGTON, D.C. Attorneys Adriana Murillo Office Manager Kara Vergo Office Manager Howard Fox Office Manager Alejandro Morales IN T E R N A TIONAL PROGRAM Managing Attorney Iris Korhonen Legal Secretary David Baron Legal Secretary Martin Wagner Todd Hutchins Irene Alexakos Director James Pew Receptionist LO U I S I A N A Anna Cederstav Attorneys Nathalie Walker Staff Scientist Rosemary Bates PACIFIC NORTH W E S T Managing Attorney Scott Pasternack Litigation Assistant Eric Huber Attorney Suzanne Carrier Patti Goldman Esther Boykin Paola Ramos Office Manager Managing Attorney Attorneys Special Program Associate Gladys Fajardo Kristen Boyles Monique Harden Receptionist Jan Hasselman Community Liaison Director MARINE BIODIVERSITY PROJECT Steve Mashuda Ashlyn Bartlett POLICY AND LEGISLATION Melissa Samet Karla Raettig Office Manager Director Marty Hayden Todd True Kathleen Field Legislative Director Attorneys Legal Secretary Heather Weiner Lisa Lange Dawn Carter Senior Legislative Counsel Office Manager Office Assistant Joan Mulhern Catherine Hamborg Legislative Counsel Elizabeth Trotter NO R THERN ROCKIES Maria Weidner Legal Secretaries Legislative Assistant Douglas Honnold Managing Attorney CO M M U N I C A TIONS DEPART M E N T MI D - PA C I F I C Abegail Dillen Ken Goldman Paul Achitoff Sanjay Narayan Eastern Press Secretary Managing Attorney Timothy Preso John Fritschie Attorneys OCEAN LAW PROJECT David Henkin Marty Rustan Office Manager Steve Roady Kapua Sproat Katie Regnier Director Attorneys Office Assistant p 3 4 SAN FRANCISCO Arshia Khan EA R THJUSTICE ENVIRONMENTAL VOLUNTEERS AND INTERNS AD M I N I S T R A TIVE OFFICES Donor Relations Assistant, Public Support LA W CLINIC AT UNIVERSITY OF Kitty Yang We grat e f u l l y acknowledge the following Vawter “Buck” Parker Assistant, Donor Information Systems DE N V E R individuals who have committed their time and Executive Director Ginny Evans Neil Levine passion for environmental protection in support Barbara Bosma Assistant, Donor Information Systems Jay Tutchton of our work. Director, Human Resources Attorneys Lena C.E. Anderson Bill Curtiss FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATI O N Juniper Davis Ann Breitinger Director, Programs DE PA RT M E N T Program Assistant Heather Bruser Steve Katz Daniel Hill Susan Caruso Director, Development Controller EA R THJUSTICE ENVIRONMENTAL Jennifer Cooney Bruce Neighbor Mark Hradek Jennifer Doob Director, Finance and Administration Director, Information Systems LA W CLINIC AT STAN F O R D Cara Pike Roger Jacobs UNIVERSITY Daniel Fagan-Smith Director, Communications Allison Finn Systems Architect Mike Lozeau Shavonne Saroyan Scott Galante Afy Downey Debbie Sivas Executive Assistant Ahjond Gramestani Manager, Accounting Attorneys Casey E. Harrison John Wong Christine De Guzman Eric Helmy CO M M U N I C A TIONS DEPART M E N T Manager, Accounting and Payroll Office Manager Carrie La Seur Tom Turner David Adams Michelle Leventhal Senior Editor Office Manager PEW WILDERNESS CENTER Mara B. Levy Brian Smith Jean Cabonce Greg Loarie Western Press Secretary Betty Stafursky Mike Matz Cynthia Mar Heather Kaplan Receptionists Director, Pew Wilderness Center, Boulder, CO Marisa A. Martin Communications Associate Elisa Tsang Kevin Parisot Scott Matthews Sara Deneweth Office Assistant Office Manager, Washington, D.C. Communications Assistant Herma Percy-McDonald David Michaud Derek M. Mills HUMAN RESOURCES Media Director, Washington, D.C. Carol Pollack DEVELOPMENT DEPART M E N T Beverly Harris Doug Scott Policy Director, Seattle, WA Mike Poplardo Katie Knight Human Resources Administrator Sherry Malaughlin John Read Deputy Director Administrative Assistant, Boulder, CO Doug Rose Julia Raish PR O G R A M S Gregg Rosenthal Administrative Assistant/Donor Researcher Cherie Cray Holly M. Simpkins FO U N D A TION RELATI O N S Case Data Manager Amy Skryja Deborah Self Lori Sublett Director, Foundation Relations Anastasia Telesetsky Michelle Bonner Sabrina Teller Senior Associate, Foundation Relations Nikki D. Thanos Winton Tomlinson MAJOR AND PLANNED GIFTS William L. Whitesell Amy Norquist Lisa Wright Senior Associate, Major Gifts Teri Carhart Senior Associate, Major and Planned Gifts Audrey Yee Director, Planned Gifts Alison Levine Senior Associate, Planned Gifts Tracy Donahoe Associate, Major and Planned Gifts PUBLIC SUPPORT Adelaide Roberts Director, Public Support Lynn Bolton Senior Associate, Public Support Dale Carroll Senior Associate, Donor Information Systems p 3 5 Contact Information

SAN FRANCISCO PACIFIC NORTH W E S T IN T E R N A TIONAL PROGRAM

AD M I N I S T R A TIVE OFFICES 203 Hoge Building 180 Montgomery Street 180 Montgomery Street 705 Second Avenue Suite 1725 Suite 1400 Seattle, WA 98104 San Francisco, CA 94104 San Francisco, CA 94104 (206) 343-7340 (415) 627-6275 (415) 627-6700 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] (800) 584-6460 Email: [email protected] MI D - PA C I F I C EA R THJUSTICE ENVIRONMENTAL

223 South King Street, Suite 400 LA W CLINIC AT UNIVERSITY OF CA L I F O R N I A Honolulu, HI 96813 DENVER (808) 599-2436 180 Montgomery Street Forbes House Email: [email protected] Suite 1725 1714 Poplar Street San Francisco, CA 94104 Denver, CO 80220 (415) 627-6275 (303) 871-6991 Email: [email protected] FL O R I D A

111 S. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. Tallahassee, FL 32301 EA R THJUSTICE ENVIRONMENTAL ROCKY MOUNTAI N (850) 681-0031 LA W CLINIC AT STAN F O R D 1631 Glenarm Place, Suite 300 Email: [email protected] UNIVERSITY Denver, CO 80202 (303) 623-9466 Owen House Email: [email protected] LO U I S I A N A 553 Salvatierra Walk Stanford, CA 94305-8620 400 Magazine Street, Suite 401 (650) 725-8571 New Orleans, LA 70130 WASHINGTON, D.C. (504) 522-1394 1625 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Email: [email protected] PE W WILDERNESS CENTER Suite 702 Washington, D.C. 20036 2260 Baseline Road (202) 667-4500 NO R THERN ROCKIES Boulder, CO 80302 Email: [email protected] (720) 565-5979 209 South Willson Avenue Bozeman, MT 59715 (406) 586-9699 ALASKA Email: [email protected] 325 Fourth Street Juneau, AK 99801 (907) 586-2751 Email: [email protected]

p 3 6 This re p o rt has been produced with environmental awareness. The cover is printed on Quest, a 100% post-consumer recycled, unbleached paper which has not been deinked. The interior of the report is been printed on Reincarnation Matte, a 100% recycled (50% post-consumer) paper which has been processed without chlorine or chlorine compounds. Ink used in this report is soy ink (non-petroleum). To help us in our efforts to reduce paper usage, we encourage you to visit our website for up-to-date information about our work. We also welcome your comments and opinions. W W W. E A R THJUSTICE.ORG Ea r thjustice is the nonprofit law firm for the environment rep re s e n t i n g — w i t h o u t ch a rg e — h u n d r eds of public interest clients, large and small. Earthjustice works th r ough the courts to safeguard public lands, national forests, parks and wilderne s s ar eas; to reduce air and water pollution; to prevent toxic contamination; to pres e rv e en d a n g e r ed species and wildlife habitat; and to achieve environmental justice.