bTHE WATSON r INSTITUTE i FOR INTERNATIONAL e f STUDIES i BROWN n UNIVERSITY g SPRING s 2005

Watsonblogs Go Live inside at the Watson Institute 2 Friends of Watson 3 UN Consultative Status ritical commentary from a really lively and diverse forum for Watson Institute faculty smart discussion and debate about 4 Directors Series and affi liates now extends international aff airs that will highlight 6 Global C Environment beyond the printed page to the views and perspectives that cannot be 7 Global Security Internet through the Institute’s new found elsewhere. Already, in the very 9 Politics Culture & blogging initiative. Watsonblogs at fi rst stage of the project, we have seen Identity www.Watsonblogs.org aim to create blogging activity from as far away as 10 Cross-Cutting another venue for public outreach Iran and Tunisia, not to mention the Initiatives on pressing global issues and break- great contributions from within the 14 Affi liated Centers ing news through which scholars and walls of the Institute.” 15 Instructional other Watson affi liates can share their Blogging is one of the fastest Programs thoughts and growing 19 New Publications opinions. “The goal of Watsonblogs means of Geoff rey is to bring a new group of interactive Kirkman communica- ’91, associate voices into the blogosphere tion on the director of the around issues of international Internet, with Watson Insti- an estimated 9 tute, com- importance.” million blogs mented that Geoff rey Kirkman worldwide. “The goal of In an article Watsonblogs is to bring a new group from the November/December 2004 of voices into the blogosphere around issue of Foreign Policy, authors Daniel issues of international importance. As W. Drezner and Henry Farrell note we inaugurate the project, I am eager that “blogs are becoming more infl u- to see what happens. Given the wide ential because they aff ect the content range of interests and expertise among of international media coverage.” our faculty, alumni, and other affi liates, Journalists and pundits, they argue, I think we have the potential to create read blogs to take the pulse of public

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE 2 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

CONTINUED FROM PRECEDING PAGE Friends of Watson Institute Program Set for Debut he Watson Institute has long sought ways to build a Tbroader and more cohesive community of supporters. To this end, opinion on “what matters.” highlights related work at the Watson it will launch this summer a program While blogs themselves have Institute on the utility of simulations called the Friends of the Watson become an established means of in negotiation processes and confl ict Institute (FOWI). The program will communication and engagement, management. From this entry, readers serve as a central component of the the Watsonblogs initiative represents are taken to blog entry of a full inter- Institute’s ongoing eff ort to expand its a unique and unprecedented eff ort. view that BJWA held with Levy. outreach activities. Watsonblogs will create an institution- In a personal commentary, Keith The Institute will host an inau- al community for international aff airs Brown, a Watson assistant professor gural dinner in June 2005 in New scholars, practitioners, and Institute (research) and anthropologist, notes in York City that will feature Director affi liates to discuss and to disseminate his fi rst blog on March 14 that “The Thomas J. Biersteker’s and Senior their work directly and immediately. British anthropologist Nigel Rapport, Fellow Sue Eckert's work on terrorist For instance, the Institute’s Global inspired (as I recall) by E. M. Forster, fi nancing. Future dinners and events Watsonblogs, as Security Program has used its blog to keeps or used to keep a ‘common- are also being planned, including a such, will serve challenge standing concepts of “se- place journal’—a location for the dinner this fall in San Francisco. curity” through its “Global Security scraps of quotations and observations, FOWI is designed to provide as an “alive and Manifesto,” which opens its blogging not necessarily part of an ongoing a venue through which alumni online” portal site. Introducing the GlobalSecurityBlog, piece of research and writing, that and friends of the University can Program Director James Der Derian nonetheless caught his eye.” reconnect to Brown through a into the thoughts states, “I have posted our [Mani- He continued, “Blogs, as I under- shared interest in international aff airs. of Watson festo]...in the hope that [it] will open stand them, have some similarity with a dialogue that might exhume, exhort, the commonplace book. Where they faculty and and hopefully exorcise the specter of diff er is in the emphasis in blogging affi liates on wide terror that currently haunts interna- on immediacy: the community that tional politics.” blogs conjure is biased towards those ranging issues The Manifesto states, “Global se- alive and on-line. The commonplace that challenge curity—in the broad sense of how we book, as Rapport relates it, refl ects understand, manage, and ameliorate rather a sense of solidarity with the the global an endangered world—is the most deceased and off -line.” community. pressing challenge of the 21st century. Watsonblogs, as such, will serve No longer defi nable by discrete levels as an “alive and online” portal into of analysis, bounded disciplines of the thoughts of Watson faculty and study, and fi xed confi gurations of affi liates on wide ranging issues that power, the issue of security is be- challenge the global community. ing transformed by new globalizing From it will grow an immediate forces.” (See also page 8.) and vital record of Watson activities The Brown Journal of World Af- beyond what appears on printed pages fairs (BJWA), which is edited and in books, journal articles, or research published by undergraduates at the reports, reaching millions in this new Watson Institute, recently used their virtual audience. blogging site to review an Institute In addition to the Watsonblogs event featuring Daniel Levy, a lead website, the latest postings are avail- drafter of the (2003) Geneva Accord. able on the homepage of the Institute’s Levy spoke about the eff ects of the website at www.watsoninstitute.org. independent draft agreement on the peace process. In this entry, BJWA BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 3

Watson Institute studies and reports; making recom- mendations on international econom- Receives Special ic, social, cultural, educational, health, Consultative and related matters; and promoting Status from the respect for and observance of human United Nations rights and fundamental freedoms. The

Dow Jones & Company Photo Dow Jones & Company council serves to strengthen coopera- he Watson Institute has tion within the UN system, coordi- received special consulta- nates the work of specialized agencies, Ttive status from the United and consults with NGOs. Nation’s Economic and Social Coun- It is in this latter capacity that the cil (ECOSOC). This new relation- Watson Institute will interact with ship enables the Institute’s research to ECOSOC by attending and speak- “Our new status reach a wider ing at council international “I look forward to greater meetings, pro- at the United policy forum posing items Nations deepens and for the interaction on issues for its agenda, Institute to of substance between and circulating our existing Karen Elliot House be an active statements. This our faculty and our relationships participant in new status will Karen Elliott UN policy counterparts at the UN.” benefi t Watson with the UN and House Joins discussions and Thomas J. Biersteker Institute fac- debates. ulty who work should enhance Watson Board “Our new on political the Institute’s aren Elliott House is the status at the United Nations deep- economy and development, foreign newest member of the ens our existing relationships with assistance, and identity and cultural unique position KWatsonWatson Institute’sInstitute’s BoarBoardd of the UN and should enhance the issues. as a leader at Overseers. A senior vice president of Institute’s unique position as a leader For many years, the Institute has Dow Jones & Company and pub- at the intersection of academia and interacted with numerous offi ces the intersection lisher of all print editions of The Wall policy,” said Institute Director Thomas within the UN system. Recent initia- of academia and Street Journal, she is also a member of J. Biersteker. “I look forward to tives include: the company’s executive committee. greater interaction on issues of sub- • a six-year relationship with policy.” Before being appointed to her stance between our faculty and our the United Nations Secretariat Thomas J. Biersteker current position in July 2002, House counterparts at the UN.” and the Institute’s Targeted had been president of Dow Jones’ in- ECOSOC is a 54-member council Sanctions Project, resulting ternational group since January 1995. that serves as a vehicle within the UN in key participation in three In 1974, she joined the Journal’s for airing international economic sanctions reform processes Washington, D.C. bureau as a jour- and social issues and for formulat- and two workshops held in nalist, where she covered energy, ing policy recommendations that are Providence, and attended by environment, and agriculture. She addressed to the organization and representatives from the 15 was named diplomatic correspondent its Member States. The Institute was current members of the UN in 1978, moved to New York in 1983 granted special consultative status Security Council to review as assistant foreign editor, and became along with three other nongovern- and simulate these processes; foreign editor in 1984. In March mental organizations (NGOs) at a and 1989, she was named vice president January meeting in New York. Only • an invitation from the Human of Dow Jones’ international group. 2,534 other NGOs worldwide have Development Report Offi ce of been granted consultative status with the United Nations Develop- the United Nations since 1948. ment Programme to organize ECOSOC’s broad mandates, two panels for the January include such measures as initiating 2005 Third Forum on Human Development in Paris. 4 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

WATSON FEATURES

The Watson the fi nancial dimensions of the mea- 2003. Five months earlier, Chile had sures adopted against these terrorist begun its two-year tenure in the UN Institute’s networks. Security Council as one of the 10 Directors Lecture For example, the main tool of the nonpermanent members, which led committee is a list of suspected ter- to Muñoz’s appointment as chair of Series on rorists. Once a name is placed on this the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Contemporary list, the person is not permitted to exit Committee not long after joining the or enter any country or to obtain any council. International weapon or weapons material. His or Muñoz’s other diplomatic posts Aff airs brings her assets are immediately frozen. have included Chile’s ambassador Consequently, Muñoz had prob- to Brazil and its ambassador to the to campus lems convincing countries to add Organization of American States. Be- Heraldo Muñoz leading public names to the list because some do not fore going to the UN, he was Chile’s want to acknowledge that they have deputy foreign minister and minister intellectuals to Directors Series a terrorist problem. Other countries secretary general of government un- engage faculty Hosts Former Head keep names off the list as a bargain- der President Lagos. ing chip so that known terrorists will A prolifi c author, Muñoz has pub- and students in of UN Security provide information to investigators. lished more than 20 books and dozens discussions about Council’s Al-Qaida/ One of the most diffi cult obstacles of essays in academic journals such as Taliban Sanctions facing the committee is how to en- Foreign Policy, The Journal of Democracy, compelling global force the list and its sanctions. Muñoz The Journal of Interamerican and World Committee issues. traveled to 21 countries during his Aff airs, and Latin American Research Re- mbassador Heraldo Muñoz, 2 years on the Al-Qaida and Taliban view. He holds a PhD in international Chile’s permanent represen- Sanctions Committee and spoke to studies from the University of Denver, Atative to the United Nations, government ministers in each. He Colorado, and a diploma in inter- delivered in March an address, “Sanc- found that dialogue encouraged par- national relations from the Catholic tioning Al-Qaida and the Taliban: The ticipation—and not creating noncom- University of Chile. UN Security Council Experience,” pliance lists and trying to shame states Among his nongovernmental at the Watson Institute’s Joukowsky into enforcing the sanctions. and academic positions, Muñoz has Forum. Muñoz recently completed “Some countries do not have been the president of the Economist a term as chair of the UN Security the resources to eff ectively enforce Conferences, Chile, and president of Council’s Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanc- the sanctions,” Muñoz said, quoting Latinanalyst Consultores. He was a tions Committee. His lecture was a recent report by Kofi Annan that professor at the Institute of Interna- part of the Watson Institute Directors suggests, “the rich countries should tional Studies of the University of Lecture Series on Contemporary help the poor ones with their poverty, Chile. Muñoz founded and was direc- International Aff airs. and the poor countries should help tor of the foreign policy institute, Pro- During his presentation, Muñoz the rich ones with their security.” For grama de Seguimiento de las Polítcas discussed the evolution of the Secu- Muñoz, the war on terrorism is not Exteriores Latinoamericanas (PROS- rity Council’s sanctions regime against just military but also diplomatic and PEL), Santiago, Chile from 1983 to these two groups and related terrorist ideological. 1990. He has been a visiting professor organizations and individuals. He as- Chile’s President Ricardo Lagos or lecturer at several universities and sessed the successes and weaknesses of named Muñoz as that country’s UN diplomatic academies in the United the council’s actions and emphasized permanent representative in May States, Europe, and Latin America. BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 5

Bodine also weighed in on the First, most people prefer good gover- “Personally, electoral developments in Egypt and nance to bad governance. Second, it is Lebanon in the wake of the elec- better to cooperate with the govern- I believe we tions in Iraq. She argued that more ment and structures that already exist should have credit should be given to indigenous and work to improve them rather activists and reformers rather than to than to start anew. diplomatic U.S. foreign policy. She noted that the Following these two basic prin- relations election in Iraq would not have been ciples, the U.S. ought to work with so successful without other precedents reformers within the existing govern- with every in the region. ments as well as with activists outside government. In addition, protesters and the government. “Personally, I believe demonstrators in Lebanon probably we should have diplomatic relations No matter how were more inspired by the Rose and with every government,” Bodine repressive the Orange Revolutions than by the said. “No matter how repressive the recent Iraq elections. “The U.S. needs government, it is important to have government, to resist the temptation to become that dialogue. Ultimately, you always it is important Barbara Bodine the cock who takes credit for the sun negotiate with your enemies, not your rising in the morning,” she said. friends.” to have that Former Bodine highlighted three issues Bodine spent her 30-year diplo- dialogue. that U.S. policymakers should heed. matic career primarily in the Middle Ambassador to First, the tone of U.S. rhetoric and East, including tours as deputy prin- Ultimately, you Yemen Barbara policymaking should be more diplo- cipal offi cer in Baghdad and deputy always negotiate Bodine Addresses matic. chief of mission in Kuwait during the Governance in the Second, the United States should Iraqi invasion and occupation in 1990. with your reexamine how to support reform- She also served as U.S. ambassador to enemies, not Middle East ers in Middle East countries. “You Yemen during a period in U.S.-Ye- s a career diplomat in the help your friends by doing what helps meni relations that saw the terrorist your friends.” them, not what helps you,” she noted. attack on the USS Cole in 2000, as Middle East, Barbara Bodine Barbara Bodine has served in some of the In many cases, it may be better for well as enhanced security cooperation A reform activists if the U.S. remained and democratization. In 2003, she was Arabian Peninsula’s hot spots dur- ing the past 20 years. From this lens, quiet and simply provided logistical appointed coordinator for postconfl ict Bodine, the former ambassador to and fi nancial support. reconstruction for Baghdad and the Yemen, addressed the topic of “Gov- Third, she worried about situations central provinces of Iraq. ernance in the Middle East: Iraq and where U.S. concern for security may She is currently the executive Beyond” for the Watson Institute’s take precedence over U.S. concern for director of the Governance Initia- Directors Lecture Series on Contem- democratization. The Bush admin- tive in the Middle East at Harvard porary International Aff airs. istration has already pressured some University’s Kennedy School. The She prefaced her talk at Brown governments in the Middle East to initiative promotes executive training with a comparison between democ- adopt acts similar to the “Patriot Act” and academic research in emerging racy and governance, and noted that it for security purposes, and this move governance issues with regional is possible to have all the trappings of has signaled a backslide in the demo- scholars and leaders in cooperation democracy without good governance. cratic progress of those countries. with the new Dubai School of At the same time, it is also possible To clarify the role of the U.S. in Government. to have good governance without facilitating reform in the Middle East, democracy. Bodine presented two basic premises. 6 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT

“We are told that Watson Affi liates refugee camps in and around Banda the report we Help Provide Aceh, providing produced, which Tsunami Victims 120,000 liters of with Drinking clean water. Mean- determined Water and Housing while, their assess- that bacterial ment of drinking he devastating results of the water quality in the contamination December 2004 tsunami in camps served as a of drinking Tthe Indian Ocean continue basis for a much to reverberate nearly six months later. broader analysis of water supplies Countless international agencies, water in health. continues to be governments, and private citizens have “We are told poured vast resources into the aff ected that the report we rampant despite areas. Two Watson Institute affi liates— produced, which Visiting Scholar Jeff Albert ’92 and determined that the widespread A relief worker demonstrates the PuR© water purifi cation process to Research Assistant Thilakshani Dias bacterial contami- residents in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Photo by Jeff Albert. practice of ’05—have made contributions that nation of drinking are providing basic needs to victims of boiling water water supplies continues to be ram- as a possible relief project she could this disaster. pant despite the widespread practice pursue. in the home, is Albert, a hydro-environmental of boiling water in the home, is now She developed a plan to provide scientist, has brought much needed now helping to helping to inform relief, reconstruc- housing for six-to-eight families. Dias’ assistance to Indonesia in the form of tion, and redevelopment eff orts,” eff orts were diff erent from others inform relief, purifi ed drinking water. Just weeks noted Albert. because she wanted to create a direct after the tsunami hit, Albert made a reconstruction, In addition, they participated in connection between donors and ten-day tour to Banda Aceh, dur- a training program with nongovern- victims; reach out to those who might and ing which he worked with a team mental offi cials on the purifi cation not receive funding from aid organi- from the relief group CARE and zations, such as landowners; and use redevelopment process and also assessed the drinking the U.S. Centers for Disease Control water quality among the refugees and grassroots organizing principles for eff orts.” and Prevention (CDC) to analyze residents of the region. the project. drinking water conditions in the tsu- Thilakshani (Tilli) Dias ’05, a This winter and spring, she identi- Jeff Albert nami-aff ected region. The team also Brown University development stud- fi ed donors at Brown and beyond. distributed household drinking water ies concentrator and research assistant She then helped the project’s target supplies, including the “Safe Water at the Watson Institute, had a personal families relocate from refugee camps System,” a simple chlorine-based stake in the tsunami tragedy. Born in back onto their land and begin treatment pioneered by the CDC, and Sri Lanka, she had just returned to construction of prefabricated houses. PuR©, an even more potent disinfec- her home in Colombo, the capital, From there, the basic structure can be tant-coagulant developed by Procter on winter break when the tsunami remodeled to suit the requirements of and Gamble. hit, killing 30,000 people and leaving the family. Each house costs approxi- Albert and a colleague, Steve thousands homeless. She immediately mately $1,250–1,500. Rhee, a Yale University graduate worked at refugee camps to off er Her eff orts have brought direct student, trained local Indonesian assistance. While there, Dias spoke to and immediate aid to families who aid workers in the use of PuR and victims, politicians, business leaders, would have fallen off the radar screen facilitated the distribution of some and relief workers about small-scale of mainstream international funding. 12,000, four-gram PuR sachets to the reconstruction of permanent homes BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 7

GLOBAL SECURITY

McNamara of Robert S. McNamara. Returns to Brown McNamara stressed to the many Brown undergraduates who attended for Vietnam War his talk: “Conventional wisdom is that Anniversaries [you] don’t make the same mistakes twice; learn from your mistakes…. peaking to an overfl ow audi- You can make mistakes with con- ence at Brown University, for- ventional weapons; there’s a learning mer U.S. Secretary of Defense S curve with them. But with nuclear Robert S. McNamara described the weapons, there is no learning curve. conclusions he has reached about war You make a mistake, and you are go- and peace in the twenty-fi rst century. ing to destroy nations….Think about As a participant in some of the ep- l–r: Abbott Gleason, James G. Blight, it, what can you do, what should you ochal events of the past 40 years, the and Robert S. McNamara do to deal with the problem?” former secretary of defense for Presi- In addition to McNamara’s ap- Blight and Lang also invited dents Kennedy and Johnson has been A joint pearance, Blight and Lang organized National Security Archive Director on a mission to glean lessons from “The Vietnam War: Untold Stories,” Thomas S. Blanton and University of exhibition, “The major crises in recent U.S. foreign a panel that brought together three Toronto Professor David A. Welch to aff airs to prevent future missteps. Vietnam War: personal perspectives on the war: present a panel on “Kennedy, Johnson, His April talk, “Reducing the Risk Roger LeBrun, a combat medic and and Vietnam: The Impact of the Untold Stories,” of Confl ict, Killing, and Catastro- conscientious objector in Vietnam; Presidential Transition on the War, and phe in the 21st Century,” was the with images by Quyen Truong ’05, whose father, a Its Implications for U.S. Foreign and culmination of the Watson Institute’s South Vietnamese soldier, was impris- Defense Policy.” Roger LeBrun observation of three milestones They shared the early fi ndings of a related to the U.S. war with Vietnam: and Quyen research project that is analyzing new 40 years since the introduction of U.S. “Conventional wisdom documents and audiotapes and bears Truong ’05, is on combat troops; 30 years since the fall is that we don’t make on a single counterfactual question: of Saigon to communist forces; and display through What would Kennedy have done 10 years since the normalization of the same mistakes about Vietnam had he lived and been July 22, at the Vietnam and U.S. relations. twice, learn from your reelected? James G. Blight, principal co-inves- Watson Institute, These events were made possible tigator of the Institute’s Critical Oral mistakes….” through the support of Brown’s Fran- 111 Thayer History Projects, and the project’s Robert S. McNamara cis Wayland Collegium for Liberal other principal, janet M. Lang, have Street. Hours: Learning, the C. V. Starr Lectureships collaborated with McNamara on oned in a reeducation camp after the Fund, the Watson Institute, Creative Monday–Friday, reexamining key decisionmaking pro- fall of Saigon; and, Augustus A. White Arts Council, and the Arca Foundation. cesses in policy crises such as Vietnam. 8:00 a.m. III ’57, a MASH unit surgeon in McNamara and Blight summarized Vietnam. LeBrun, a photographer, and JAMES G. BLIGHT and JANET M. the results of their collaboration in – 4:00 p.m. Truong, a painter, have transformed LANG are the authors of a new book Wilson’s Ghost: Reducing the Risk of their experiences of the war into The Fog of War: Lessons from the Life Confl ict, Killing and Catastrophe in the a joint art exhibition currently on of Robert S. McNamara (Rowman & 21st Century. display at the Watson Institute. Littlefi eld, 2005), which is a study Blight and Lang also were prin- guide for college students using the cipal advisors to Errol Morris on his fi lm, The Fog of War. It is available by Academy Award®-winning fi lm The visiting www.rowmanlittlefi eld.com. Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life 8 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

GLOBAL SECURITY

Global Security immediacy and duration, percep- contemporary world politics. tion and representation, ubiquity and According to James Der Derian Program Creates lethality? How does the categoriza- (see pages 1 and 2), the director of the Two New tion of threat as well as the distinction Global Security Program, the fi rst en- Web Outreach of friend and foe produce and sustain try, titled “A Global Security Manifes- Initiatives the political identity of the actor? Is to” is meant to “open a dialogue that the greatest threat the one we cannot might exhume, exhort, and hopefully n its continued eff orts to engage model? exorcise the specter of terror that cur- the public and encourage open The second outreach, the Glo- rently haunts international politics.” Idialogue about evolving security balSecurityBlog, is also meant to To view the Security Matrix, visit threats, the Watson Institute’s Global be an interactive tool designed to its webpage at www.watsoninstitute. Security Program has created two encourage an open and informed org/GS/Security-Matrix; to read and new web outreach initiatives. debate about the current state of comment on the GlobalSecurityBlog, visit The fi rst, the Security Matrix, is global security. The blog, part of the www.watsonblogs.org. More informa- designed to represent visually a broad Watsonblogs community, will serve tion about the Global Security Pro- range of threats as they play out across as a forum through which the Global gram is available at www.watsoninsti- several levels of analysis. The aim is to Security Program can post original tute.org/program_detail.cfm?id=4. provide the essential knowledge, sug- and innovative entries that call into gest the critical questions, and off er question current global security the technical tools that can enhance discourse. Readers are encouraged and enlarge an informed debate on to respond by adding comments and the most pressing issues in global contributing to a critical discussion of security. The matrix lists threats that are reordered for each level of analy- sis to refl ect the multiplicity and complexity of global threats. Many of these threats do not cause global confl icts themselves. Rather, it is the complexity and combinations—the phase-shifts—of the threats that often lead to violent confl ict and global insecurity. Featuring an expanded list of actors, a threat shuffl e, and links to conceptual and descriptive essays, the Security Matrix addresses traditional issues and asks critical questions: Security is for whom, from what, and how? Who gives priority to what threat and why? In the hierarchical ordering of threats and vulnerabilities, how does one assess such factors as BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 9

POLITICS CULTURE & IDENTITY

Warren Turns Development Focus on Foreign Donors hen critiquing the out- comes of development, Wanthropologists have traditionally studied the restructuring of societies as a result of international fi nancial organization initiatives, and the history of local and regional Participants from the "Remaking Transnationalism" conference. Organizers David Leheny and Kay Warren are in the front row, sitting left and center, respectively. resistance to development projects. Anthropologist Kay Warren has pur- and nongovernmental, intergovern- domestic landscape from the infl ux of “What we are sued a research initiative that upends mental, and research institutions; and workers and refugees to traffi cking in trying to do is to these previous models. universities. persons from Asia and Latin America. Warren, director of the Politics, In February, she organized a con- Warren and Leheny are currently take a picture of Culture, and Identity Program, asserts ference, with political scientist David developing an edited volume from the transnationalism, that research needs to be conducted Leheny of the University of Wiscon- conference, which is titled “Remaking on international donors themselves, sin at Madison, at the Watson Institute Transnationalism: Japan and the Quest which is the social history of their engage- on “Remaking Transnationalism: for Global Solutions.” remaking the ments with diff erent world regions, Japan, Foreign Aid, and the Search for Warren sees her overall study as the ways state politics and bureau- Global Solutions.” tackling an immense anthropological social and cratic culture structure development This fi rst conference in Warren’s question in the development fi eld: activities, and the meaning that research project brought together “What we are trying to do is to take political worlds transnational engagements have for nearly 20 scholars from Japan, a picture of transnationalism, which we know and professionals involved in implement- Canada, and the United States and is remaking the social and political ing development policy. had several goals. First, it sought to worlds we know and is introducing is introducing She is now in the second year of explore the policies and practices new political complexities and new new political what she calls a “study up” to under- of Japan’s Offi cial Development As- kinds of inequalities….Outside or stand how major international donors, sistance (ODA) program as a means to within [these donor countries], there complexities and such as the governments of Japan, better understand the experience of is no escape from diverse economic new kinds of the European Union, and the United transnationalism. globalization or from the transnational States, create knowledge about im- Second, the conference delved fl ows of people, politics, threats of ter- inequalities. portant world regions and how they into the complexities of the ODA’s rorism, strategies of development, and Kay Warren act on these understandings. work on the ground to focus on the international norms.” Warren has collected data, regional geography of Japan’s aid, She is analyzing her project fi nd- beginning with Japan, on Japan's which, as Warren stated, “has made ings for a new book titled “Politics, considerable international aid to Latin certain countries icons of great suc- Culture, and Identity Abroad and at American countries for the past two cess and others exemplars of great Home: A Multi-sited Ethnography of decades, from the Japan International risk.” Japanese Social Development Policy Cooperation Agency (JICA) archives Finally, the conference participants and Practice.” in Ichigaya. She also met with a vari- considered how transnationalism in ety of offi cials and academics at JICA; the case of Japan aff ects the country’s Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Aff airs; 10 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

CROSS-CUTTING INITIATIVES

Recently, he discussed with Watson NHS: Could you refl ect on the Institute writer/editor, Nancy Hamlin Rwandan genocide and the ethnic Soukup the Burundian peace process civil wars in your own country, and and the foundation he established. how the stark realities of these con- Excerpts from that interview, which fl icts have shaped the political future is available in its entirety at www. of the Great Lakes region? watsoninstitute.org, follow: PB: In 1994, I was out of public life, NHS: President Buyoya, you have working as a consultant with the been at the center of Great Lakes World Bank, when the genocide oc- politics for nearly two decades. Since curred in Rwanda. It was the extreme the signing of the Arusha Peace and manifestation of the Hutu-Tutsi con- Reconciliation Agreement fi ve years fl ict. In Burundi, we experienced kill- Pierre Buyoya ago, how has governance changed in ings and massacres in 1965, 1972, and Burundi? 1993 through 1998. Yet no one could “The Rwandan Former President imagine—even in Burundi—that this PB: When I came into Burundian could happen on such a scale. We also genocide was Buyoya Aims to politics in 1987, we had a monoparty were frightened that the genocide did a terrible and Make Peace and system; in fact, many African countries not cross over our borders, and that Unity a Reality in had similar styles of government. De- was possible. dramatic lesson Burundi spite attempts in the 1990s to create a Of course, the goal of the geno- for Burundians, more multiparty system, especially in cide was to eliminate forever every is political life spanned two Burundi, the Great Lakes region fell Tutsi, and what was most disturbing showing us if of the most tumultuous into terrifi c confl ict and war. is that it was planned and carried out we don’t deal Hdecades in the history of The question for us has always by the Rwandan state structures at Africa’s Great Lakes region, but now been how to create a democratic that time. How could a state plan to with our own former President of Burundi Pierre system with two competing ethnic eliminate one whole segment of its politics—our Buyoya is working to help secure a groups—Hutu and Tutsi—wherein own population? more peaceful future for his coun- one has a majority and the other a The Rwandan genocide was a ethnic divisions— try. Since January, Buyoya has been a minority. The Arusha agreement is terrible and dramatic lesson for genocide could Watson Institute visiting senior fellow, showing that two ethnic groups can Burundians, showing us if we don’t writing a book about and advanc- engage in power sharing on all levels deal with our own politics—our happen here.” ing work on peace and democracy in of government, from the parliament ethnic divisions—genocide could Burundi. Pierre Buyoya to the security system. happen here. Buyoya led his country for two The system for doing this is very terms from 1987 to 1993 and from elaborate. For instance, the agree- NHS: Tell me more about your foun- 1996 to 2003. At that time, the Hutu ment dictates that when the president dation to advance peace and recon- represented 82.5 percent and the Tutsi is a Hutu and the vice president is a ciliation in Burundi. 14.5 percent of Burundi's population. Tutsi, no ethnic group in the parlia- Although he sought in Burundi to ment can have more than 60 percent PB: I am the president of the Foun- establish power sharing between the of the seats. In the senate and security dation for Unity, Peace, and Democ- Hutu and Tutsis, ethnic tensions raged systems of our government, Hutu and racy, which I founded in 1994. The during the decade. He was in power Tutsi are represented equally, each foundation works in three areas. First, during the negotiation of the Arusha with 50 percent. This aspect of power we are developing a study center for Peace Agreement. sharing is special to Burundi. peace and reconciliation in BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 11

Burundi and greater Africa by Watson Institute 4.7 million died during 1990s in the The Institute for sponsoring lectures, seminars, and Democratic Republic of the Congo. conferences. Partners with As these confl icts mounted with Development We have carried out studies Library of millions of combatants and noncom- Studies has on Burundian power sharing and Congress on Africa batants lost, processes of justice and documented that our security systems, and we have Reconciliation reconciliation also emerged in several engaged in a civic education program African countries that have since during the last in Burundi’s primary and secondary Seminar stood as models worldwide. Yet little schools. Yet we need to investigate he Watson Institute partnered research has been done to document two decades of other areas more intensely, such as in March with the Library the long-term outcomes of these pro- the twentieth internally and externally displaced Tof Congress (LOC) in cesses, such as how reconciliation has persons. Washington, D.C. on a seminar titled changed reconcilers’ lives, has shaped century, 28 Sub- Second, we are helping orphans “Examples of Reconciliation: Africa’s subsequent decisionmaking and Saharan African and poor children to receive an Contributions to the Global Com- management instruments forged by education. This year alone, we have munity.” This was the Institute’s fi rst commissions, and has modeled new or countries had helped 5,000 children by giving collaboration with the LOC, which renewed relationships within eff ected experienced them access to school materials. The featured Institute Visiting Senior countries. “transit center for street children” Fellow Pierre Buyoya, the former The seminar featured former heads violent confl ict. takes abandoned children, particu- president of Burundi, who spoke to of state, scholars, and nongovern- larly those living on the streets of our the seminar participants on justice and mental and governmental offi cials to towns and cities, and brings them to reconciliation processes in his own discuss specifi c postconfl ict recon- centers for rehabilitation and reinte- country. ciliation mechanisms from the lenses gration into the schools. An expert on institutional and of religion and reconciliation, truth Finally, we are attempting to fi ght judicial security, peace and reconcili- commissions, culture, and the media. poverty through education by build- ation, and development, Buyoya also The LOC’s Africa Section of the ing vocational schools. Currently, spoke about his role as the head of African and Middle Eastern Division three are under construction, and state for a country profoundly aff ected and its Offi ce of Scholarly Programs when completed, should enroll 500 by violence in Africa’s Great Lake convened the seminar in collaboration to 800 students. region. He is the author of Mission with the African Presidential Archives Possible (Paris:(Paris: LL’Harmattan,’Harmattan, 1998). and Research Center at Boston NHS: The foundation has an ambi- The LOC organized the event to University, the Africa Society of the tious program. address the dearth of research on the National Summit on Africa, the Nige- reconciliation processes in postconfl ict rian Peoples Forum, the U.S. Institute PB: Yes, but I want to demonstrate settings, especially Africa. The Insti- of Peace, and the Watson Institute. that in Burundi—in Africa—if tute for Development Studies has For more information about the someone has been a president, he documented that during the last two “Examples of Reconciliation: Africa’s can step down and be useful to his decades of the twentieth century, 28 Contributions to the Global Com- country—to the society. I think this is Sub-Saharan African countries had munity,” visit www.loc.gov/today/ the best way to promote democracy experienced violent confl ict. In the pr/2005/05-060.html. in Burundi. I hope that my activities 1990s alone, approximately 800,000 and those of other former presidents people died in Rwanda as the result will be a model to sitting presidents of the 1994 genocide, and estimated who are wondering what they will do when their terms are over. 12 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

CROSS-CUTTING INITIATIVES

“Terrorism is concrete U.S.-Latin American con- NHS: Tell me about the vergence on democracy and markets. the distorting growing political crisis in But, terrorism is the distorting phe- phenomenon the Andean region. nomenon since 9/11. I see a danger that policymakers will evolve toward since 9/11. RVL: There is a slow an antiterrorist ideology that could I see a process of state erosion undermine the analysis of practical and political instability problems, such as market reforms danger that in that region, which and their unintended consequences. policymakers has similar components Many of these have been put on hold in all fi ve countries— because of 9/11, and despite recent will evolve Bolivia, Colombia, Ecua- eff orts to bring them back to the fore, toward an dor, Peru, and Venezuela. the momentum is gone. Most are experiencing a antiterrorist democratic governance NHS: You spent considerable time ideology crisis, and all fi ve are at the United Nations at the end of Ricardo V. Luna severely aff ected by drug the Cold War, what are your views on that could traffi cking and political Kofi Annan’s proposed reforms? undermine Ambassador and nonpolitical forms of violence. Theoretically, these problems can RVL: Beyond a bureaucratic decline, the analysis Luna Refl ects be addressed through a collective, the UN now refl ects more clearly an of practical on Hemisphere multilateral approach. But we need underlying disequilibrium in the post- Politics and UN to ask as a hemisphere: What are the Cold War, balance of power system. problems.” Reforms governance elements of this crisis? At the end of the Cold War, the UN Ricardo V. Luna Do key democratic and state sys- system moved toward a relatively icardo V. Luna, Peru’s tems work, and can their limitations smooth transition with some mea- ambassador to the United be overcome? Is drug traffi cking a sure of multipolar balance because it RNations from 1989 to 1992 symptom of these problems, or is it carried out mandates established by and the United States from 1992 to an intractable phenomenon? We need the principal powers, particularly in 1999, has spent this spring at Brown to approach these problems through the substantial reduction of regional University as a Cogut Visiting a collective Andean strategy within a confl icts. Professor in Latin American Studies. hemispheric context—not country- The system now is unipolar—in After a distinguished, 40-year by-country. the hands of the United States— career in the Peruvian Foreign making it more diffi cult to tackle an Service, Luna has also been a visiting NHS: How has the hemispheric rela- agenda refl ecting varied political per- professor at Princeton and Columbia tionship changed since the end of the spectives. These problems can be fi xed, Universities. At Brown, he taught Cold War, especially in light of 9/11? but we need a clear architecture for a seminar that provides a bicultural the reorganization of the UN’s politi- approach to the complex dynamics of RVL: The window that opened cal, developmental, and humanitarian inter-American relations. immediately after the Cold War and priorities. Watson Institute writer/editor before 9/11 was one in which you Kofi Annan’s report refl ects well Nancy Hamlin Soukup recently asked really had a chance to explore points on these problems and is really based his views on hemisphere politics and of consensus among the members on consensus within the UN system, United Nations reform. Excerpts of the western hemisphere without which is a good step forward. from that interview, which is available ideological compulsions, such as at www.watsoninstitute.org, follow: BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 13

public radio talk show in America.” improve the Institute’s contribution to “Open Source Following “The Connection’s” vibrant public discourse on contem- success, with Lydon’s voice as its porary global issues.” will be the fi rst centerpiece and broadcast to more According to Lydon, “Open radio program than 70 radio stations with 400,000 Source will be the fi rst radio program regular listeners, he spent several truly fused to the Internet and it will truly fused to the Photo by Nubar Alexanian Nubar Photo by years experimenting and exploring have a lively Web presence. We expect Internet and it the potent combination of radio and to create a community online that can the Internet. take part in the production process will have a lively His travels led him to inaugurate before, during, and after the program, web presence. We local and global Web/radio conversa- helping us to surface new views and tions broadcast from Singapore, Ja- new voices. You could say that the expect to create maica, and Ghana, where he searched radio program is just one broadcast a community to bring unheard voices and themes hour from a mini-network that is to the forefront of radio journalism. live 24/7. ‘Open Source’ will also online that can In 2003, he hosted and produced be a destination for bloggers and for take part in “The Whole Wide World,” a seven- people wanting just one place to go hour radio series on globalization for on the Web to discover the best of the the production Christopher Lydon Public Radio International (PRI). daily blogosphere. ‘Open Source’ will process before, The new venture, “Open Source also be a blog of blogs, a ‘best of the Lydon Taps into Radio,” will explore through dynamic Web,’ as well as a blog itself.” during, and after format topics, personalities and trends Lydon has been credited with the program, Institute for “Open that are not covered in other media. the fi rst of the widely discussed Source Radio” As a visiting senior fellow at the “podcasts.” Moreover, he has posted helping us to Show Institute, Lydon intends to tap the a long series of original interviews surface new Institute’s faculty and visitors as a on his website, “Christopher Lydon ell-known public radio resource for the show’s international Interviews” (http://blogs.law.harvard. views and new personality Christopher themes. He will also turn to them for edu/lydon/). Vanity Fair describeddescribed Lydon, a newly ap- voices. " W current intellectual trends in inter- his “Blogging of the President” 2004 pointed visiting senior fellow at the national aff airs, possible guests, and website (www.bloggingofthepresi- Christopher Lydon Watson Institute, will launch with opportunities to bring new voices and dent.com/) as “the smartest coff ee- his longtime producer and business methods to how international issues house conversation on the presidential partner Mary McGrath a new nation- are dealt with on the air. campaign.” ally syndicated public radio program, Institute Associate Director Geof- The new nightly show is broadcast “Open Source Radio,”which debuts frey Kirkman welcomes the associa- from Boston’s WGBH radio week- on May 30. tion and collaboration with Lydon. “I nights from 7:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m., For more than 30 years Lydon think that Chris Lydon’s appointment and is syndicated through PRI, with has been a distinctive voice in print, at the Institute is very exciting. He has underwriting by the University of television, and radio journalism. He been a pioneer in broadcasting and Massachusetts at Lowell. The show covered presidential campaigns for adds a dynamic new element to life at will also stream live on the Internet The New York Times, anchored “The Watson,” he said. and be available for “podcasting.” Ten O’Clock News” on WGBH-TV “We are excited to be able to help See also, http://www.wgbh. in Boston, and founded “The Con- shape Chris’ approach to international org/program-info?program_ nection” on national public radio, aff airs on the radio and online, and to id=2271985&parent_id=984. which has been cited as “the most original, varied, and inclusive ‘smart’ 14 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

Paulo Sèrgio AFFILIATED CENTERS Pinheiro hosted two human rights initiatives at the Watson During the retreat, the commis- Institute this Human Rights Commission sioners and the secretariat discussed spring for the advantages and limitations of Examines Violence rapporteurship system as one tool for important against Children achieving its objectives. consultations— The commission examined the n March, Paulo Sèrgio Pinheiro, a fi ndings of the Rapporteurship on Cogut Visiting Professor in Latin the Inter- Child Rights and explored its chal- American Studies in residence American I lenges, emphasizing the problems of at the Center for Latin American urban violence and repressive poli- Studies, hosted a one-day retreat for Commission on cies against youth in Latin America. the commissioners and secretariat of l–r: Alessandra Sudbrack da Fonseca, CLAS Representatives from the Center for Administrative Coordinator Susan Hirsch, and Human Rights Inter-American Commission on Hu- Justice and International Law (CEJIL), Rafael Porsani man Rights (IACHR), an autono- (IACHR) and the Children’s Rights Division of mous body of the Organization of CLAS Hosts Human Rights Watch, and the Casa the Expert American States (OAS). Alianza also joined their consultation. Citigroup Brazil- The commission was reviewing Consultation Pinheiro summarized the proceed- Brown Exchange cases presented to it in Washington, ings, noting that the success of the on the Draft D.C., and the trip to the Watson Students reporting system required funding, Institute presented an opportunity to or the second year, two Principles needs, and opportunity. He reiter- review the work of the IACHR’s rap- Brazilian students came to the ated the importance of cooperation on Housing porteurship system, which represents Center for Latin American among diff erent rapporteurships, and F a special way to report on specifi c Studies (CLAS) to participate in the and Property the need to implement a number of populations at risk. Citigroup Brazil-Brown Exchange resolutions. Restitution for The commission operates in three Program. The program also brings “We don’t need new paperwork,” main areas: cases, precautionary mea- Brazilian economists and visiting Refugees and he said. “We need the application of sures, and thematic rapporteurships, professors to the CLAS to conduct the existing ones.” He also empha- Other Displaced which investigate the human rights seminars and teach courses on con- sized a regional strategic approach to conditions of Latin America’s most temporary economic issues in Latin Persons. the IACHR’s work. vulnerable peoples. America. Finally, Pinheiro stressed that Rafael Porsani is from São Paulo, despite advances in overall gover- Brazil, and is presently in his third nance, democracy greatly lagged in year as an undergraduate student at issues concerning the rights of the the Faculty of Economics, Admin- underprivileged, such as the poor istration, and Accounting at the and children. “Silence in the face of University of São Paulo. He had been injustice, domestic violence, forced in a marketing internship program at labor—this defi nes our societies,” he Novartis Pharmaceuticals in 2004. said, and then added, “We still have a Alessandra Sudbrack da Fonseca very long way to go.” is from Porto Alegre, Brazil. She is currently enrolled in the School of Management at the Pontifi cal Catho- lic University (PUCRS) in Porto Alegre. She also interns in the cus- l–r: Paulo Sèrgio Pinheiro and IACHR Chair Clare Kamau Roberts tomer service/business and corporate accounts for Citibank S.A. BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 15

INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS

Congratulations DEMOCRATIZATION ARJUN IYENGAR “An Assessment of Federalism and Its to the 2004–2005 MELISSA BARKIN “Outside the Ivory Tower: Ability to Accommodate Ethnic Na- IR Honors Degree Intellectual Contributions to Civil tionalism: A Case Study of Kashmir.” Recipients Society during Democratic Transi- SUSHIL JACOB “The Peaks of Power: Women and ndergraduate student con- tion—Case Studies of Argentina and Development in Himachal Pradesh, centrators in international Chile” India” relations (IR) distinguish MARY ANN BRONSON U TATIANA PULIDO themselves each year with outstanding “Economic Reforms, EU Accession, scholarship when they research, write, and the Problem of Judicial Reform: “Agricultural Development and EU and present their theses to gradu- Does the EU Export Good Gover- Integration: The Polish Case from a ate with honors and awards. The IR nance?” Comparative Perspective.” recipients this year, listed in the order SARAH BUCHWALTER they presented their theses at the “Democratic Consolidation and THE POLITICS OF Watson Institute in April, are: Agenda Setting: Muslim Civil I D E N T I T Y Society Organizations and the State *DIANA DIZON INTERNATIONAL LAW, in Senegal” “Constructing the National Interest: JUSTICE, AND PEACE BEN CLARK The Case of the Philippines” “Exporting Democracy: A JINHEE CHUNG KEIKO HAYAKAWA “Explaining Interstate Relations in Deontological Investigation of “New Identities, New Needs: A East Asia: The Persistence of the Legitimacy” Theoretical Analysis of Sino-Russian Korean Comfort Women Issue” SLAVINA ZLATKOVA Military Relations.” “Democratic Defi cit Proliferation: *WILLIAM HUNTINGTON She is also the recipient of the Watson “Seizing the Bomb: An Analysis of The EU vs. Bulgaria on Domestic Institute's second annual Ralph Non-State Actor Nuclear Weapon Agenda-Setting.” Bunche United Nations Internship Acquisition Scenarios” Grant, which supports a three-month ETHNIC CONFLICT, EMILY KANSTROOM internship for a graduating senior at “Justifying Torture: Explaining Demo- NATIONALISM AND the UN's Department of Peacekeep- cratic States’ Noncompliance with DEVELOPMENT ing Operations Best Practices Unit

International Humanitarian Law” EVAN GILL ANNA LAMUT *STEPHANIE MORIN “The Eff ects of Foreign Aid on the “Elements of ‘Brotherhood and “The Price of Peace: Sierra Leone’s Causes of Civil Confl ict: A Case Unity’ Abroad: Ethnic Attachment Transitional Justice Model on Trial” Study of Uganda 1962–1986” and Amicable Relations amongst Im- *ALEXANDRA HARTMAN migrants of Diff erent Former Yugoslav CHRIS ROBERTS “A Veiled Threat: Ethno-Religious “International Responsibility: Global Ethnicities in the United States” Mobilization and the Culture of Fear Normative Order and International AMANDA NAGAI in France” Responses to Human Suff ering” “Selective Memory: Post-Asia-Pacifi c CATHERINE HAY War Conservative Japanese Identity as LOUISE SHERMAN “Bermuda at the Threshold: The “Compliance without Ratifi cation? the Barrier to Japan-Asia Reconcilia- Meaning of Sovereignty for a Non- The United States, the European tion and Apology” Self Governing Territory” Union, and the UN Convention on ANUSHA VENKATARAMAN the Law of the Sea.” “Cosmopolitan Spaces, Cosmopolitan *Designates award winners—see next Selves: Hybrid Narratives of Territori- page. ality in Nepal.” 16 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS

2005 Prizes in 2005 Smoke and The Jack Ringer Summer Intern- ship, administered by the Watson International Ringer Internships Institute, is made possible through the Relations Awarded Announced generosity of Jack Ringer ’52, who he Watson Institute, the served in Burma after graduating MARK AND BETTY Offi ce of International from Brown. The award provides Brown stu- GARRISON PRIZE TPrograms, and the Swearer Diana Dizon Center for Public Service are dents with unique opportunities to Awarded for the best thesis in interna- supporting fi ve internships for the work or do research in Southeast Asia. tional relations, foreign policy analysis, summer of 2005. The awardee for the Ringer Intern- or diplomatic history, in honor of The Richard Smoke Summer ship is: Mark and Betty Garrison who helped Internships are open to undergraduate THUY NGUYEN ’05.5, Human create the Center for Foreign Policy students currently enrolled at Brown, Biology, will intern at the Thien Binh Development (CFPD) at Brown Uni- and must relate to contemporary Orphanage in Ho Chi Minh City, versity in 1981: global problems. The students may be Vietnam. DIANA DIZON involved in research, advocacy, service, or any combination thereof. SAMUEL LAMPORT The intent is that the student will PRIZE involve him/herself in the work being Awarded for the best thesis on inter- done by professionals in a foreign Alexandra Hartman Middle Eastern national understanding, with an em- setting or that, if the internship is in phasis on cooperation and tolerance: the U.S., the student will work with Studies Awards others who have the same dedication Honors to 2005 ALEXANDRA HARTMAN to global issues. Grads STEPHANIE MORIN Awardees for the Smoke Summer are: he Middle Eastern Studies ANTHONY RICCIO PRIZE concentration awarded BETH ADLER ’06, Development This prize in international relations is Studies, will intern at Healthwise in Thonors degrees to the given to that graduating senior who South Africa; following seniors for their research and scholarship in topics relating to has a curiosity about another part of LEE GILMAN ’06, Development Middle Eastern studies: the world, a commitment to learning Studies, will intern with the Pachama- a foreign language, a pursuit of study Stephanie Morin ma Alliance in Ecuador; abroad, and a pride in his University ARTA KHAKPUR JULIA MCDOWELL ’06, Develop-Develop- “Nationalism in The Works of Sadeq and in his country. The prize is in ment and Latin American Studies, Hedayat” memory of Anthony Brian Riccio, will intern with UNESCO in Quito, HANNAH WEITZER Brown Class of 1996, who lost his life Ecuador; in Moscow on September 20, 1994: “Ethnic Identity and Cultural Rec- CAROLINE MAILLOUX ’07, Develop- ognition: Patterns of Berber Mobili- WILLIAM HUNTINGTON ment Studies, will intern with the zation in Algeria and Morocco.” Ghana Health and Education Initia- tive in Humjibre, Ghana; CYNTHIA WISE ’07, BiologyBiology and Development Studies, will intern with the Community Agency for Social William Huntington Enquiry in South Africa. BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 17

from restorative Development justice to Tsunami relief. Studies Graduates The students Receive Honors commented at he Development Studies year’s end that cov- (DS) Program is designed to ering such diverse provide students with a com- events reinforced T parative perspective on the long-term their coursework social, political, and economic changes but also gave them that have accompanied industrializa- wider exposure to tion and the growth of the modern topics they may not state in Africa, Asia, Latin America, have considered the Middle East, and in the historical studying while at experience of European countries. Brown. The program awarded this year The Student honors degrees to the following Rapporteurs for graduates for outstanding scholarship 2004–2005: in their honors theses: l–r: Liana Paris ’07, Karabekir Akkoyunlu ’05, Peng Wu ’05—their KARABEKIR reports are available online at www.watsoninstitute.org/past events.cfm. (“KARA”) AK- PATRICIA AGUILO KOYUNLU ’05 wrote his senior thesis Brown IR THILAKSHANI DIAS on the socioeconomic life in Istanbul Concentrators ELIZABETH FEARON during the Battle of Gallipoli. Next Take Pen to Paper PABLO GASTON year, Akkoyunlu will teach in Indo- ALEXANDRA GROSS* as Watson Student nesia as part of the Princeton-in-Asia JANET LAWSON Program (PiA). Rapporteurs KATHARINE MOULDING LIANA PARIS ’07 has a particular LINDA NGUY his past year, the Watson interest in the Middle East and Arabic FAYE REIFF-PASAREW Institute off ered Brown language. Beginning in the fall, she LUMINA SATO undergraduates the oppor- will spend the year in Paris studying T MAIA SIEVERDING tunity to serve as student rapporteurs, at Sciences Po. MARGARETA recording and summarizing the more LAUREL RAPP ’06 served as a SWEITZER-HAMILTON than 100 events that the Institute rapporteur for the fall semester before RAY SYLVESTER sponsors from September through spending the spring in Lyon, France. TALAH TAMIMI May. The new work-study positions She was also a research assistant for LAURA TILGHMAN came about as the Institute strives to Professor Keith Brown’s study of a RACHEL VAN CLEVE off er its website audience rich content political assassination in Marseille in JORDAN WINKLER* about its activities. the 1930s. Four students, all international PENG WU ’05 will pursue a career * Designates ’04.5 graduates. relations (IR) concentrators, were in publishing after graduation because hired to cover seminars, panel discus- of her experiences in Simon and sions, symposia, conferences, and Schuster’s editorial department and workshops, ranging on topics from the U.S. Department of Commerce. international political economy to global environmental governance, and 18 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS & STUDENT PUBLICATIONS

Honors Awarded Contemporary International Aff airs in November 2004. to CLAS 2005 Also in this issue is an interview Concentrators with Ralph Begleiter ’71, former he Center for Latin Ameri- CNN anchor and current professor can Studies (CLAS) awards of communications at the University honors each year to those of Delaware who discusses the “U.S. T Media and the World.” undergraduate students who have demonstrated outstanding scholarship Among the other contributors in Latin American Studies. included in this issue are: CLAS off ers a fl exible, multidisci- • Saskia Sassen, professor of plinary undergraduate concentration sociology at the University of that promotes an understanding of Chicago, “The Global City”; the culture, history, and contem- • Anna Kajumulo Tibaijuka, Jos porary problems of Latin America. Maseland, and Jay Moor from The center also works closely with UN-Habitat, “Urban Future”; Brown’s language programs, especially l–r: BJWA editors Barron Youngsmith and • Friedrich Schneider, professor Seema Vora. For more formation about BJWA, of economics at the University Hispanic Studies and the Department visit www.watsoninstitute.org/bjwa/. of Portuguese and Brazilian Studies. of Linz, “Comparing Informal This year's CLAS honors and award BJWA Winter/ Economies”; recipients are: Spring 2005 Issue • R. T. Naylor, professor of in Print economics at McGill Univer- KATHERINE DEAN sity, “The Fall of the Shadow “The Politics of Reform: Ideology he latest issue of the Brown Economy”; and Education in Nicaragua, 1990- JournalJournal of WWorldorld Aff airs • Kumi Naidoo, secretary gen- 2005.” She also received the William T(BJWA), an interdisciplinary eral and CEO of CIVICUS: Gaston Award for excellence in an undergraduate publication housed at World Alliance for Citizen honors thesis. the Watson Institute, is nownow in prprintint Participation, “Global Civil and available through BJWA’s website. Society”; and

ELISA JUÁREZ Former editors Priya Bindra ’05 and • Helmet Anheier, director “La heroína trágica en el cine con- Jesse Finkelstein ’05 organized this of UCLA’s Center for Civil temporáneo español y mexicano” issue into four primary subject areas: Society and Center for Global- “An Urgent Challenge,” “Global ization and Policy, and Nuno

JESSICA MALKIN, Cities?,” “Illuminating the Shadow Themudo, assistant professor at “Education Policy Diff usion in Economy,” and “Organizing the the University of Pittsburgh’s Central America: A Case Study of NGO.” Graduate School of Public and School-Based Management Reform” “An Urgent Challenge” features a International Aff airs, “NGO lead article by Mary Robinson, for- Governance.”

NICHOLAS NOON, mer president of Ireland and United The BJWA’s new editorial team “Developing Sexuality Across Borders, Nations High Commissioner for for 2005–2006 are Seema Vora ’06 Revolutions, and Time: Chicanos and Human Rights, on “Contemporary and Barron Youngsmith ’06, editors; the Legacy of Colonial Latin Ameri- Anti-Semitism in Europe.” Robin- Suzanne Smith ’06, managing editor; can Gender Politics.” son originally presented this article Kenta Tsuda ’07, Caroline Novogrod as a speech for the Watson Institute’s ’05, Katherine Reisner ’07, and Directors Lecture Series on Louise Sherman ’05, associate editors. BRIEFINGS SPRING 2005 19

PUBLICATIONS

Goldstein’s Book and international travel, among others. Continued unchecked, Goldstein Reveals “Real argues, the cost of the war and paying Price of War” for it will saddle Americans with a ost Americans are un- national debt for generations. Each aware what the War on American household now pays about Terror really costs, writes $500 a month toward the war’s costs, M but it is not enough. Joshua Goldstein in his latest book The Real Price of War: How You Pay for To ensure against future terror- the War on Terror, New York Univer- ist attacks, Goldstein argues that the sity Press, 2004. Goldstein, Watson nation must fi ght and win the War on Institute adjunct faculty and professor Terror, but he also reminds us, “The of international relations at the School war is expensive. Someone has to of International Service, the American pay for it.” To help shorten the war, University, also holds that Americans Americans must pay more—to the need to realize these costs as taxpayers tune of an additional $100 a month. and how they aff ect everyday life. He also advocates rescinding the Bush Why? The Bush administration’s administration’s recent tax cuts. estimates and budget fi gures do example, what Khrushchev actu- not include all the costs of the war. Khrushchev ally said at the UN was not “We will Moreover, budget cuts, current taxes, Memoir Focuses bury you,” but rather “We will bury further burdened by defi cit spending colonialism.” and infl ation, do not adequately cover on Early Career Especially compelling are them. The costs are not just limited to ention Nikita Khrushchev Khrushchev’s accounts of his role in obvious military and security spend- and many people will re- Ukraine’s party leadership and as a ing, they also include those of lost call the Cold War and the lieutenant general in the Soviet mili- M tary during World War II. lives, veterans’ extended medical care, image of the Soviet premier pounding and reduced income from tourism his shoe on a table at the UN in 1960. This detail-rich, fi rst volume But how did Khrushchev rise through weighs in at 935 pages, and was the Soviet Communist Party ranks to translated by George Shriver. Stephen the top? Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev: Shenfi eld, a former Institute assis- Commissar (1918–1945), (Pennsylva- tant professor (research), translated nia State University Press, 2004), is the the supplementary material, which fi rst of three volumes to be published includes Sergei Khrushchev’s “History in English. The memoir is Khrush- of the Memoirs,” and short biogra- chev’s own account of his career from phies of key personalities mentioned the early days of the Soviet Union to in the book, among other information. the end of World War II. Edited by Khrushchev’s son Sergei, a Watson Institute senior fellow and author of Nikita KhrushchevKhrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower, the memoir helps clear up some misconceptions about the former Soviet leader. For 20 THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT BROWN UNIVERSITY

Watson Institute articles for publication. Is New Editorial “We look forward to building on the work of Ruth Collier and her A newsletter published by Brown University’s Home for SCID collaborators at Berkeley to provide Watson Institute for International Studies Thomas J. Biersteker or the next fi ve years, the an exciting venue for cutting-edge Institute Director quarterly journal, Studies in articles on development issues. This Geoff rey S. Kirkman Comparative International Devel- focus fi ts well with other new Watson Associate Director F Frederick F. Fullerton initiatives such as the weekly Collo- opment (SCID), will be headquartered BRIEFINGS Writer/EditorWriter/Editor at the Watson Institute. SCID is an quium on Comparative Research and Nancy Hamlin Soukup interdisciplinary journal that publishes the Graduate Program in Develop- Watson Institute Writer/Editor ment. The editorial collective format Karabekir Akkoyunlu’05, Liana Paris ’07, and Peng a wide range of articles that deal with Wu ’05 issues concerning political, social, and also provides the opportunity to Contributors continue integrating colleagues from Murphy & Murphy, Providence, R.I. economic change in national, com- Design Concept Brown and neighboring universities parative, and international contexts. Jeff Albert, Nubar Alexanian, Dow Jones & Company, Barbara Stallings, director of the into Watson activities.” Stallings noted. Frederick F. Fullerton, Heraldo Muñoz, Nancy Hamlin Soukup Political Economy Development Pro- Published since 1964, SCID waswas Graphics/Photography Contributions gram, is SCID’s new editor, and Fred founded by Irving Louis Horowitz. Watson Institute, Brown University 111 Thayer Street, Box 1970 Fullerton, a Watson Institute writer Its editorial offi ces were most recently Providence, RI 02912-1970 and editor, is the managing editor. at the University of California at T 401.863.2809; F 401.863.1270 An editorial committee consisting of Berkeley, where Ruth Berins Collier [email protected] www.watsoninstitute.org Institute and Brown faculty, as well served as editor and Reilly O’Neal as as two graduate student editorial managing editor. Transaction Periodi- ©2005 by The Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University. All rights reserved associates, Daniel Schensul and cals Consortium at Rutgers Univer- Matthias vom Hau, will assist the sity will continue as the publisher. editors in selecting and preparing

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