PROCESS Prot'ects the Flavor Of

VAC-HEAT PASTEURIZING ' - PROCESS prot'ects the flavor of

SWISS

Q O ni o n a nd peppers taste fin e o n the •ta bl e but their n:~ v o r has no pl ace in yo ur mil k. T o e liminate weedy a nd "off" Aa vo rs, Swiss Farms D a iry, Nashvill e, Tennessee, protects their I prod uct by t he C P YAC-HEAT P AS T EU RIZI N G PROCESS. Mil k fro m the H.T.S.T . unit is s tea m treated in a n a to m izin g cylinder and then i s tra nsfer red by vacuum to a vapo ri z in g cylinde r. H e re, vo la tile "of!"' Aavors a re removed b y the vapor whi ch passes to a s pecial condenser sectio n of t he H.T .S.T. unit. The res ult ? Consiste nt quality a nd true m il k fl avo r! When you d ecide to p ro vide t hi s bLisiness- b oosting fl avo r protecti o n !to your present systcn 1,

Swiss forms Da iry CP VAC - HEAT as k you r local C P sales re presenta equipment with CP H.T.S.T. Plate Heat ti ve fo r complete deta il s o n the C P ' Exchanger. Entire system con be circu· lotion cleoned with C.I.P. hookup. V A.C - H.EAT . P A STEURIZING PR.OCESS. Or, write ... CP stainless steel atom izing and vaporizing cylinders-the heort of the VAC -HEAT pasteurizing process.

THE ~ea#te'Uf fDac~e MFG. COMPANY General and Export Offices: 1243 W. Wasl,ington Blvd., Chicago 7, Ill. Bronches: Atfonlo • Boston • Buffolo • Chico go • Dollos • Denver • Houston • Konsos City,_Mo. los Angeles • Memphis • Minne.;polis • Nashville • New York • Omoho • Philodelppio • Portlond, Ore. • St. louis • Soli loke City • Son Francisco • Seottle • Toledo • Woterloo; Io wa . CREAMERY PACKAGE MFG. CO. OF C~NADA, LT D. 267 King St., W.est, Toronto 28, Qnta!i!?

I I

SALES SALES A N D D SERVICE SERVICE IN IN 58 58 Cl'i'IES-U.S. Cl'i'IES-U.S. AND AND CANA DA DA

I I

o · ai ry ry Food Food • • • • Form Form • • B everage everage wri te te • • f or or Brewing Brewing f ree ree bull • • Chem e tin ica . . l l • • Equipm ar.d ar.d en t t S u pp lies lies

in g, g,

better better

keeping keeping

milk. milk. Or Or

42 W 7 . . Randolph Randolph Stre e t, t, Chicago Chicago 6, 6, Ill. Ill.

sys tem tem that that assures assures better better tast

tinuous, tinuous, precisely precisely

controlled controlled

q q ~ ~ P P

C C <~i.· <~i.·

A.T A.T 0 R R 0

I I

O .

N N

um um Pa st eurization eurization ...... the the c on

CHERRY-BURRELL

:. :. ati ve -about -about Vacreator Vacreator Vacu

your your Che rry- Burrell Burrell Repr ese nt

ASK ASK THIS THIS MAN MAN ••• •••

There There is is no no holding holding time time t o o check. check.

Safe Safe pasteurization pasteurization is is assured assured by by an an improved improved control control system. system.

expelled . .

194 194 o F. F. or or higher- all all undesirable undesirable w eed eed and and feed feed flavors flavors are are

Each Each drop drop of of milk milk is is instantly instantly and and completely completely pasteurized pasteurized at at

V V ac;uum ac;uum Pasteurizer . .

just just don't don't exist exist ...... a ft er er he he has has pasteurized pasteurized his his milk milk in in a a Vacreator Vacreator

feed, feed, he he isn't isn't going going t o o get get excited excited about about milk milk flavor flavor problems. problems. They They

Why Why should should he? he? Even Even if if his his producers' producers' cows cows have have weeds weeds in in their their

This This operator operator has has no no worries worries about about feed feed flavors flavors ,. ,. NEW STORY OF MILK BEING WRITTEN BY AMERICAN DAIRYMEN !

Milk drinkers nearly everywhere are witnessing today an amazing record of modern dairy service ... featuring availability and convenience never before experienced! Millions of dairy farmers, 25,000 dairy owners and plant workers, and 100,000 friendly milkmen begin before dawn each day to see that our daily milk supply reaches us without fail . . . at the store or right to our door!

SOMETHING NEW HAS BEEN ADDED, TOO! OVER HALF OF ALL BOTTLED MILK IS NOW IN PAPER CARTONS ••• AND MO ST OF IT IS IN THE PURE-PAK CARTON PICTURED ABOVE • •• THAT " POURS LI KE A PITCHER."

it! it!

drink drink

ld ld

cou

you you

clean clean

so so er er

t a w in in ture! ture! ea f terilizing terilizing s Pure-Pak Pure-Pak e e iv s u excl an an alth! alth! e h s s family' ur ur yo for for n n o ti c prote a a tr ex .. .. • •

paper paper into into e e mad and and rops, rops, c e lik grown grown . . milk milk with with d d e fill ing ing e b before before s s nd seco t t s ju open open d d e flipp y y tall acciden be be nnot nnot ca and and ut ut o p s

timber, timber, with with

begin begin v~rgm v~rgm cartons cartons ak ak -P e Pur paraffin paraffin hot hot e, e, pur in in d d se r e imm are are Cartons Cartons uring uring o p ts ts ec prot l l sea proof proof r e tamp e e iv s clu x E

TABLE! TABLE! OWN OWN VERY VERY YOUR YOUR TO TO S S FOREST PINE PINE VIRGIN VIRGIN FROM FROM .•• .•• CLEANLINESS CLEANLINESS CONTAINER CONTAINER UNSURPASSED UNSURPASSED WITH WITH . . • . TIME TIME ERY ERY V E CONTAINER CONTAINER FRESH FRESH A A MEANS MEANS PURE-PAK PURE-PAK IN IN MILK MILK

. . C N. N. otte, otte, l Char Inc., Inc.,

, , es Dairi rn rn e South of of ident ident es Pr in, in, a h s n e Ob . . S . . W says says

4," 4," 5 19 ce ce in s n n ee b s s ha nd nd a s, s, rton ca r r e p a p in in % % 100

packaged packaged s s i es es Stat United United the the of of t t par rn rn ste a e uth o S

the the in in Inc. Inc. es, es, iri Da hern hern Sout y y d b d e but i r st di milk milk "All "All

25. 25. rator rator e Op

Union Union tern tern s We call call community, community, ur ur yo rving rving se s s dairie

of of es es nam For For cartons. cartons. able able s po s di -Pak -Pak e Pur in in milk milk

home-delivered home-delivered offer offer now now country country the the over over ll ll a s s Dairie

__...... __...... 1- ...-n--~ 'I 'I AS

THE MILK LASTS •••

MULTI-PO ER HARD WATER CLEANER

Klenzade " Mu lti-Power" is a top quality cleaner specifically designed for hard water areas. POWERFUL DETERGENCY Seal-Hood and Seal-Kap closures • .• rapid soil penetration and emulsifica e tion. positively protect milk before, during, HIGH SEQUESTERING POWER and after delivery. Both cap and seal • . . keeps water-hardness minerals in sus are combined in one sturdy unit that pension ••• no water spotting. resists all contaminants. BALANCED ALKALINITY With Seal-Hood and Seal-Kap, the • • . alkalinity is buffered to maintain con pouring lip of the bottle is completely ·• slant alkaline cleaning power. protected from the moment the bottle CORROSION CONTROL •• , the ideal cleaner where steel and iron leaves the filling bowl. And this full parts are included in daily clean-up. sanitary protection continues in de 100% ACTIVE INGREDIENTS livery. In the home, these practical, , •• no inert fillers or carrier,;, Every ounce attractive closures open easily and snap does its full duty. tightly back on the bottle. That means EXCELLENT WATER CONDITIONER freshness right down to the last drop, ••• designed for use in hardest of waters • , • up to 50 grs, per gallon hardness. plus easy handling convenience . Dairymen, too, find that Seal-Hood Prevent waste and high cost of over-use of ineffective cleaners, by starting now with and Seal-Kap closures bring savings Klenzade Multi-Power •• , "a little does a lot." impossible to gain with ordinary caps ... single-operation savings in time, "There's a Klenzade Man Near You" milk loss and maintenance. n.4!1!iillili!fi~,-":_F1:_:R~ST~1N:._:C:_:L~EAN1NG CHEMICALS" AMERICAN SEAL-KAP CORP. 11- 05 44th DRIVE LONG ISLAND CITY 1, N.Y.

v v

1956

, , CoPYR

IG HT , , INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL AssoCIATIO N N oF oF MILK MILK A N D D FooD FooD SANITARIA ' s, s, IN c . .

should should be be sent sent o to to f f oapers. oapers. the the executive executive office office of of the the

b y v ille , , Indiana. Indiana.

ed ed f rom rom

the the E d tor tor for for the the Or4ers Or4ers use use of of contributor for for Reprilltll: Reprilltll: s s All All orders orders for for A reprints reprints s · s ociation , , H. H. L . . Thomas s on , ,

Box Box

Shel

437, 437,

Si~~~~a"b~spi;s Si~~~~a"b~spi;s

:::::::

:: ::: :: : : : : : : : "In :: :::::::::: Y'.: Y'.: s t . r ::: .. .. u : :: c :: tion ::::: :::::~:~ :::::~:~ s s t o o Contributor s" s" C an an be be obtain· obtain· addressed addressed to to the the Executive Executive Secretary Secretary o f f the the

o f f address , , and and other other

such such

matters matters

sh ould ould be be

St. St.

Paul, Paul,

Minn. Minn.

Public, Public, Educational Educational and and Institutional Institutional

f a ilure ilure

to to

receive receive copies copies

of of the the

Journal, Journal, changes changes

Dopt . . Dairy Dairy

Husbandr

, , University University

of of Minn Minn

.. ..

yr yr . I I ...... - ......

...... $5.50 $5.50

regarding regarding

membership

, ,

remittance

s s for for dues, dues,

addres

.-e d d to to

] . . C. C. Olson, Olson,

.; .; Associate Associate

Editor , ,

and and

Food Food

San!tatio11

L L All All

correspondence correspondence Commercial Commercial Organization Organization subscription, subscription,

uscripts uscripts

and and

other other

reading reading material material

should should

be be

Milk Milk and and Food Food

Technology, Technology,

(includmg (includmg Milk Milk Individual Individual non·members, non·members, Governmental Governmental and and

Manuscripts: Manuscripts:

Correspondence Correspondence

regarding regarding

man

c lude s s annual annual subscription subscription to to the the Journal Journal of of Subscription Subscription Rates: Rates: One One volume volume

per per year year

Shelbyvllle

, , Ind Sanitarians, Sanitarians, . . Inc., Inc., $5.00 $5.00 is is per per year , , which which in

dressed dressed

to to H. H. L . . Thomasson Thomasson

(address (address above). above).

Thomasson, Thomasson,

Managing Managing

Editor , , P. P. 0. 0. Box Box 437 ternational ternational , , Association Association of of

Milk Milk orders orders and and

Food Food for for

· single single

copies, copies,

etc

. s ,

hould hould

be be

Universit

y y of of Minn

., ., St. St. Paul, Paul,

Minn . ; ; H. H. L

. . Membership Membership Dues: Dues: Membership Membership

in in the the

business business

matters, matters,

advertising, advertising, subscriptions , ,

Associate Associate

Edito r , , Dept. Dept.

Dai ry ry Husbandry, Husbandry,

Business Business

Matters: Matters:

Correspondence Correspondence regarding regarding Ass o c iation, iation, P. P. Box Box 0 . . Shelbyville, Shelbyville, 437

, , Ind. Ind.

EDITORIAL EDITORIAL OFFICES : ] . . C. C. Olson .' .' Jr ., .,

the the Act Act of of March March 3, 3, 1879 . .

Office Office at at Shelbyville, Shelbyville, Ind., Ind., Marcl) Marcl) 1952, 1952, under under

Entered Entered as as secnnd secnnd clas~ clas~ matter matter at at the the Post Post

Sh 4 e 37, 37, lb yv ille, ille, -----·------·---- I n d. d. Classified Classified ------· --· Ads Ads X X

o f f

th e e A s s ocia

ti o n

, ,

Blu

e e Ridg

e e

0 . , , . .

P . . B ox ox

Food Food Sanitarians, Sanitarians, Inc., Inc., with with executive executive Ind offices offices e x x to to Adv e rtis e rs rs

by by the the International International Association Association of of Milk Milk alld alld

Each Each volume volume comprises comprises 12 12 numbers . . Published Published

monthly monthly beginning beginning with with January January number . .

(including (including Milk Milk and and

Food Food Sanitation) Sanitation) ia ia iuued iuued

The The Journal Journal of of

Milk Milk and and Food Food Technolosy Technolosy

e ws ws and and Ev e nts nts ______1 1 _ _ _ .. .. ______19 19

G. G. H. H. WILSTER WILSTER ...... Corvallis, Corvallis, · pre . .

K. K. G . . WECKEL WECKEL ...... Madison, Madison, _ Wis . .

E. E. H. H. PARFITT PARFITT

......

Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Ill.

Affiliates Affiliates

of of

l.A.M.F.S.

, , Inc. Inc. ______, , ______18 18

M. M. E . . McDoNALD McDoNALD ...... Sacramento, Sacramento, Calif. Calif.

C. C. K. K. joHNS joHNS ...... Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Canada

C. C.

A. A.

HUNTER HUNTER

......

...... Topeka, Topeka,

Kansas Kansas

C . . K. K.

Johns Johns

and and I I B e r z i . ns ns ______------...... 1 4 4 M . . D. D. HowLETT HowLETT ...... Los Los Angeles, Angeles, Calif . .

R. R. W . . HART HART ......

...... Kansas Kansas City, City, Mo. Mo.

of of Antibiotics Antibiotics in in Milk Milk

L. L. G. G.

HARMON HARMON

......

East East Lansing, Lansing, Mich. Mich.

Obs

rvations rvations on on th e e Det e rmination rmination A . . W. W. FucHs FucHs ...... Washington, Washington, D. D. C. C.

C. C. R . . FELLERS FELLERS ...... Amherst, Amherst, Mass . .

F. F. W . . FABIAN FABIAN ...... East East Lansing, Lansing, Mich. Mich.

F. F.

A. A.

CLARK CLARK

...... Auburn, Auburn, ......

Ala . .

on on

Appli

d d Laboratory Laboratory

J\!Iethvds J\!Iethvds ------______7 7

P. P. B. B. BROOKS BROOKS ...... Montgomery, Montgomery, N . . Y. Y.

R e port port of of th e e Committe L. L. A. A. e e BLACK BLACK __ __ ...... Cincinatti, Cincinatti, Ohio Ohio

A. A. E. E. BERRY BERRY ...... Toronto, Toronto, Canada Canada

F. F. C. C. BASELT BASELT ...... New New York, York, N. N. Y. Y.

F. F. W. W.

BARBER BARBER

......

.. . .

Oakdale, Oakdale,

N.Y. N.Y.

Sanitarians

, ,

Inc. , , for for 1956 1956 ------, 'vl. 'vl. BAKER BAKER l'. l'...... 2 2 ...... Ames, Ames, Iowa Iowa

C . . A. A. ABELE ABELE

______.. .. ______, , _ __ __ Chicago, Chicago,

Ill . . Association Association of of Milk Milk and and Food Food

Associate Associate

Editors Editors

Committe e s s of of the the Int e rnational rnational

Shelbyville, Shelbyville, Indiana . .

and and Managing Managing Editor, Editor, Box Box 437 , ,

H . . L. L. THOMASSON Executi'De Executi'De , ,

Secretarv Secretarv

th e e

Sanitarians Sanitarians

Award Award for for 1956 1956 _ _ _. _. ______1 1

of of Minn. , , St. St. Paul Paul 1 , , Minn. Minn.

Announc e m e

nt nt Concerning Concerning

Dept. Dept. Dairy Dairy Husbandry, Husbandry, University University

DR. DR. C. C. ] ] . . Associate Associate ~LSON ]R . , , , , Editor, Editor,

Editors Editors Pag e e

Contents Contents H. H. H . . WILKOWSKE WILKOWSKE

c. c. DR. DR. J . . OLSON, OLSON, }R. }R. H. H. L. L. THOJ\IASSON THOJ\IASSON

Publication Publication Board Board

H. H. H . . WILKOWSKE WILKOWSKE

D. D. JoHN JoHN

FAULKNER FAULKNER

Vo 19 19 l. l. JANUAHY JANUAHY

No . . 1 1 E. E. I. I. PARKIN PARKIN

HAROLD HAROLD B. B. ROBINSO N N

WILLIAM WILLIAM A. A. HosKISsoN HosKISsoN

u.s. u.s. fu:G. fu:G. PAT. PAT. OFF

. .

PAUL PAUL CORASH CORASH

International International HAROLD HAROLD ~ ~ S. S. Association Association ADAMS ADAMS of of Milk Milk and and Food Food Sanitarians, Sanitarians, Inc. Inc.

Executive Executive Board Board

Official Official Publication Publication

Gainesville, Gainesville, Florida Florida INCLUDING INCLUDING MILK MILK AND AND FOOD FOOD SANITATION SANITATION

Se c r e tary-Treasurer , , H . . H. H. WrLKOWSKE WrLKOWSKE

TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY INSON , , Washington , , D. D. C. C.

S ec ond ond Vic e -President, -President, HAIIOLD HAIIOLD B. B. RoB

KISSON , , Salt Salt Lak e e City , , Utah Utah

Fi · rst rst Vice Vice Pre s id e nt, nt, WILLIAM WILLIAM A. A. Hos

MILK MILK FOOD FOOD

and and e w w York York City , , N e w w York York

Pr e sident-Elect , , PAUL PAUL CoRASH CoRASH

Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana Indiana

President, President, HAROLD HAROLD S. S. ADAMS ADAMS

of of Journal Journal OFFICERS OFFICERS Thanks! Inspector ...... FORT EJ 8YOU HAVE E. DFOR YO UR c I GE FFORTS TO KEE QUALITY FIRST!

In our -business, sanitation is a most vital aspect of quality. While we as manufacturers undertake the necessary research and inspection to keep DARt RICH at the top in quality ... it is your important function to maintain such standards in the fleld.

And these efforts over the years have greatly in creased the quality of dairy products, including the nationally-famous DARI-RICH Chocolate Flavored Milk and Drink. For your help, we thank you-and endorse your constant vigilance to protect the health of our nation. 1>e!.t:l.ti/ich CHOCOLATE FLAVOR SUPREME!

VI NE\\T SPARTA POWER-PACKED BRUSHES WITH NEW POWER-GRI P

Indestructible "Exclusive" White Plastic Blocks With New "Contour" Shapes

Never . . . in the long history of brush-making ... hove you seen such tough power-pocked brushes . .. and neve r be fore, hove you seen o combination of the two most perfec" materials yet developed for power -pocked cleaning - Du NO . 43 " VIK ING" NYLON PAIL BRU SH Pont "Tynex" stiff white nylon bristles and Sparta "Exclusive" Indestructible White Plastic Block - both non -absorbent, non marking, proof against hot water, cleaning ch emicals, lactic acid. And they' re contour-styled . . . smooth flowing lines to handle holes for proper draining and bristle protection.

Here's a pair of brushes to please the m~s t fostidio~ s fit the hand for a firm comfortable non -slip grip . . . and sanitarian because they're sanita tion tools - designed for high est sanitary standards - and to deliver long est sanitary serv ice. For "what's sparkling new" in dairy brushes - look to S·porta.

Better Brushes For Better Cleaning NO. 4:> "HERCU LES" NYLON GONG BR U5 H

SPARTA BRUSH c 0. IN C. :SPART A WIS.

Simplified Pipeline Milking

• Eli mi na tes need fo r vacuum rel easer. • Co ols milk at lowest possible power cost. • Cools milk at 34 °·36 ° F. quickly. • Pos itive sealing covers. • All stainless steel construction. Ava ilable in 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 gallon ca pa cities. • Ea sy to clea n. Sullefin ~30·Z2 gladly sent on re quest. Write: MOJONNIER BROS. CO ., 4601 WEST OHIO STREET , CHI CAGO 44, ILL INOI S

~ BULK MILK SYSTEM

- - - - VII r J ,.tJ l'. Jlt,U ! ... r ,; • The CLEANEST I'll?~ u~ed .6e;i;.te ... Single-Service O/· ever .&9-Srl? (. , ·· Spoon

At any point- from raw material to the hand of the user - OWD Ritespoon is the cleanest of all disposable spoons available for public food and beverage service. Check it where you will- in the tree, as it comes from the machines, in the package or on e MADE OF HARDWOOD ONLY . the tray. Any investigation e FASHIONED AND FINISHED BY AUTOMATIC MACHINES. will reveal its superiority. e PACKED UNDER STRICT SANITARY CONTROL. e UNIQUE CHARACTER OF PACKAGING AVOIDS CONTAMI NATION IN THE STORAGE AND HANDLING. e ONE USE ALONE SO ALTERS ITS APPEARANCE AND ~;'i...... ~·~ UTILITY THAT IT CANNOT BE SERVED A SECOND TIME . . "···. ~- .:.: e THERE CAN BE NO SUSPICION OF MUL TI·USE AFTER SUPERFICIAL WASHING. USE ... ~ ~ c:\~ ~ and OWD Ritefork ... OWD Ritespoons Made only by ~\ ~ ~- SELL are available from responsible whole ,· OVAL WOOD DISH CORPORATION, Tupper Lake , H. Y. ~-- salers everywhere. They are served by Bldg., Hew York 17, H. Y. ~ cv ..e ntly , : Graybar fountains, drive-ins, curb and 506 So. Wabash Ave ., Chicago 5, Ill. ::J' )i' ~:~~~;,. d "' · t he better send-out food service establishments. W e The Oval Wood Dish Company of Canada, ltd. '-Cl~L":J s;:~~~~~ Industrial Center No. 5- Quebec, P. Q. 1 ~V' posr will gladly send you samples and data . ------~~ ------

Announcing a New Chlorinated Cleaner ... Oakite CHLOR·TERGENT with Triple-Action Power!

IT CLEANS-In concentrations as low as % oz/gal, it effectively pene 100% Pure Active trates and removes hardened soils. Cultures IT SANITIZES-Its 3.75o/o available Selected chlorine assures positive chemical 1 ' Hansen's" Dri-Vac Cultures are offered in a sterilization at even highly elevated variety o.f unrelated lai:tic combinations with a choice of various acid and curd producing temperature. properties. Culture No. General Usage IT DEODORIZES -It destroys odor 1 Dual Purpose, All Products causing bacteria on contact-with 2 Dual Purpose, All products no residual aroma. 3 Cheddar Chee se- Butter prolonged 4 Dual Purpose, All Products 5 Most Cheddar, and Cottage Cheese Call or write today for complete 6 Dual Purpose, All Products details. Oakite Products, Inc., 38C 9 Dual Purpose, All Products 10 Che ddar, and Cottage Cheese USE A FRESH BOTTLE Rector St., New York 6, N. Y. 11 Che ddar, and Cottage Cheese 12 Dual Purpose, All Products 15 Dual Purpose, All Products Regularly 18 Cheddar, and Cottage Cheese ALSO 8 UNRELATED STRAINS OF PURE S. LACTIS DESIGNED FOR CHEDDAR CHEESE EXCLUSIVELY. CHR. HANSEN'S LABORATORY, INC. Technical Service Representatives in 9015 W. MAPLE STREET MILWAUKEE 14, WIS. Principal Cities of U. S. and Canada fxp~rt tl ivi•iol\o., Coi>le A

A1mouncement is made that nominations will be considered for the 1956 Award must have been per accepted for the annual Sanitarians Award until May formed during the period January 1, 1951 to January l, 1856, and members of the international Association 1, 1956, and the related work during the period Janu of Milk and Food Sanitarians, lnc., are requested to ary 1, 1949 to January 1, 1956. give consideration to the nomination of individuals ( 4) Co-workers are eligible for nomination if both whose professional work in the field of milk and food have contributed equally to the work upon which the sanitation in their communities has been outstanding. nomination is based. The Award consists of a Certificate of Citation and ( 5) No person who has once received the Award $1,000 in cash, and is sponsored jointly by the Diver shall be eligible for nomination. sey Corporation, Klenzade Products, lnc., Oakite t'roducts, lnc., .l:'ennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Com N 01ninations pany, and the Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation. Nominations of candidates for the Sanitarians 1t is administered by the International Association of Award may be submitted by the Affiliate Associations Milk and Food Sanitarians, Inc., and is presented of the IAMFS, or by any member of the Association annually. The next presentation will be made at the in good standing except members of the Executive 4:3rd annual meeting of the Association ·which is to Board, members of the Committee on Recognition be held at Seattle, Washington, in September 1956. and Awards, and employees of the sponsoring com The Sanitarians Award was initiated in 1952, and was panies. Nominations from persons who are not mem presented in 1955 to Mr. B. G. Tennant, Chief Sani bers of the Association cannot be accepted. No mem tarian, Escambia County Health Department, Pensa ber or Affiliate may nominate more than one candidate cola, Florida. in any given year. The Executive Board of the Association has estab Each nomination must be accompanied by factual lished the following rules and procedures governing information concerning the candidate, a resume of the Sanitarians Award. his work and achievements, evidence supporting his Eligibility achievements and, if available, reprints of publications. A form for the submission of nominations may be The rules concerning eligibility of candidates for obtained upon request from John D. Faulkner, Milk nomination are: and Food Program, DSES, Public Health Service, ( 1) Any living citizen of the United States or Washington 25, D. C., or H. L. Thomasson, Executive Canada who, at the time of nomination, is employed Secretary, International Association of Milk and Food as a professional milk and food sanitarian, or both, Sanitarians, Inc., P. 0. Box 437, Shelbyville, Indiana. by a county or municipality, is eligible for the Award, Deadline fo1' Subm·ission of Nominations except members of the Executive Board and members The deadline for submission of nominations is May of the Committee on Recognition and Awards of the I International Association of Milk and Food Sanitarians,. 1, 1956, and all nommations and supporting evidence Inc. Employees of State or Federal agencies and of . must be postmarked prior to midnight of that date. industry are not eligible for the Award. Membership Selection of the Recipient in the International Association of Milk and Food The Committee on Recognition and Awards of the Sanitarians, Inc., is not a prerequisite of eligibility, International Association of Milk and Food Sanitari and there are no restrictions as to race, sex, or age. ans, Inc., has full responsibility for selecting from (2) A candidate shall have made a meritorious among the candidates nominated the recipient of contribution in the field of milk and food sanitation the Sanitarians Award. In judging the contributions to the public health and welfare of a county or of each candidate, the Committee will give special municipality within the United States or Canada. consideration to (a) originality of thought, mode of ( 3) The achievements and contributions on which planning, and techniques employed, (b) the com the Award is to be based, must have been completed prehensive nature of the candidate's achievements, duriag the five-year period immediately preceding and (c) their relative value as they affect the health January 1 of the year during which the Award is to and welfare of the candidate's community. The Com be made. Under special circumstances, consideration mittee will give consideration also to the efforts of will be given to related work accomplished by the the candidate to establish professional recognition in candidate during the seven-year period preceding the community in which he serves, as well as to his January 1 of the year during which the Award is to research and development, administrative, and edu be made. U nder._this rule,. the principal work to be cational achievements. Additional information or veri- 2 SAN ITAIUAL'

~~COMMITTEES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MILK AND FOOD SANITARIANS, INC., FOR 1956~~

- The work done by the several committees of the In Dr. Earl F. McFarren, Dept. of Healtlr, Education, ternational continues to be one of the most important and Welfare, Robert Taft Sanitary Engineering Cen contributions to the steady advancement and vigor ter, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, 26, Ohio. of tllis Association. All members are encomaged to Dr. W. K. Moseley, 3826 E. Washington Street, suggest topics and p~:ojects for" Committee delibera Indianapolis, Indiana. tions. From personal observation or through the Dr. W. S. Mueller, Dept. of Dairying, University suggestion of others, there may be problems upon of Mass., Amherst, Mass. which r~search or inquiry is needed. In this con Dr. R. B. Parker, Dept. of Bacteriology, University necti~n, you are encomaged and mged to contact the of vVisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Chairman of tlre appropriate Committee. Dr. H. B. Richie, Swift and Company, Union Stock Yards, Chicago 9, Illinois COMMITTEE ON Dr. George W. Shaclwick, 1562 S. State St., Chicago, APPLIED LABORATORY METHODS Illinois. Dr. H. W. Weiser, Dept. of Bacteriology, Ohio State OBJECriVES University, Columbus 10, Ohio. laboratory procedmes and bacteri To study new COMMITTEE ON ological problems of cmrent interest to milk and food BAKING INDUSTRY EQUIPMENT control authorities, to evaluate both-published and un published data, and to . pre~ent conclusions which will OBJECTIVES be helpful to the sanitarian in the conduct of his The objectives of tllis Committee are to provide work consultative assistance to the Baking Industry Sani MEMBERS -- tation Standards Committee in the development of for items in the Baking Indushy. Dr. Franklin Vv. Barber, Chaimwn, National Dairy standards Research Laborato;:ies, Oakdale, Long Island, New MEMBERS York Vincent T. Foley, Chairman, 21st Floor, City Hall, Dr. Ralph N. Costilow, Depmtment of Bacteriology, Kansas City, :tvlissomi Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. James H. Burrows, City Health Department, Niles, T. R. Freeman, Dairy Section, University- of Ken Michigan tucky, Lexington, Kentucky. Ricirm·d S. Doughty, Philadelphia Dairy Products Dr. James J. Jezeski, Department of Dairy Hus Co., 5 -Lane of Acres, Haddonfield, New Jersey bandry, -University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. W. R. McLean, U. S. Public Health Service, Re Dr. C. K. Johns, Canadian Dept. of Agriculture, gional Office VI, 50 Seventh St. N. E., Atlanta 5, Science Service Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Georgia _,.~jtl'iliJ' I Dr. W. C. Lawton, Director, Minneapolis and St. Louis W. Pickles, Director of Division of Sanita Paul Quality Control Laboratory, 2274 Como Ave., tion, Peoria Health Department, City Hall, Peoria, St. Paul, Minn. Illinois J-. C. McCaffrey, Bmeau of Sanitary Bacteriology, Arnrin Roth, Health Department Relations, Tech Division of Laboratories, Illinois Dept. of Public nical Service Dept.,- J: B. Ford Division, Wyandotte Health, Chicago, Illinois. Chemicals Corp., Wyandotte, Michigan

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~~Bl e tch, tch, Cha.iTman , , Maryland Maryland and and Virginia Virginia~~

~~M EM B ERS ERS~~

~~·MEMBERS ·MEMBERS~~

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~~OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES~~

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~~O B J ECT I VE S S COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ON ON DAIRY DAIRY FARM FARM METHODS METHODS~~

~~EDUCATION EDUCATION~~

~~AND AND PROFESSIONAL PROFESSIONAL~~

~~DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT~~

~~Michigan Michigan Str ee t , , Indianapolis , , Indiana Indiana~~

~~COMMITTEE COMMITTEE~~

~~ON ON~~

~~Drugs , , Indiana Indiana Stat e e Board Board of of H e alth , , 1330 1330 W e st st~~

~~T. T. E. E. Sullivan , , Director , , Division Division of of Foods Foods and and~~

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~~Dr. Dr.~~

~~Richard Richard~~

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~~MEMBERS MEMBERS~~

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~~Offic e e VII , , 2200 2200 F e d e r a l l Offi ce ce Bld g., g., K a nsas nsas City City 6 , ,~~

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~~including including~~

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~~municable municable to to man man through through th e e consumption consumption of of N . . foods Fourth Fourth , , Str ee t , , D e Kalb , , Illinois Illinois~~

~~To To~~

~~study study~~

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~~related related to to thos e e diseas e s s Dr. Dr. com Richard Richard S. S. Guthri e , , D e e L a val val S e parator , , 812 812~~

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~~AFFECTING AFFECTING~~

~~MAN MAN 10 Colorado , , . .~~

~~COMMITTEE COMMITTEE~~

~~ON ON~~

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~~CoM.MlTTEES CoM.MlTTEES IAMFS , , IN c. c. 3 3 4 CoNnnrmEs IAMFS, INc.~~

Richard Mansfield, Knox County Health Dept., Regional Office, 69 West Washington Street, Chicago, Clinton, Tennessee Illinois 'William Miller, Milk and Food Program, Division of Sanitary Engineering Service, U. S. Public Health COMMITTEE .ON FROZEN FOOD SANITATION ~ Service, Washington 25, D. C. E. J. Rigby, D. V. M., City H ealth D epartment, OBJECTIVES Winnepeg, Manitoba, Canada To study conditions and practices within the fro Lyle Searing, King County H ealth Department, zen food industry, to determiny the sanitary problems Public Safety Building, Seattle, Washington involved which might contribute to a public health B. G. Tennant, Escambia County H ealth Dept. hazard, and to make recommen,dations for the solu Pensacola, Florida. tion of such problems. Dr. James White, D ept. of Dairy Industry, Cornell i\llEiVIBERS University, Ithaca, New York Frank E. Fisher, Chairma:n, Food and Drug Divi COMMITTEE ON FOOD EQUIPM ENT sion, Indiana State Board of Health, 1330 West Michi gan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana OBJECTIVES W. P. Boylston, Sanitation Consultant, Division of To participate with other h ealth organizations and Sanitary Engineering, So. Carolina State Board of industries in the formulation of sanitary standards for Health, Columbia 1, South Carolina. food equipment. Specifically, the functions of this Joseph J. Donovan, Brookline Health D ept., Brook Committee include: ( 1 ) cooperation with other line, Mass. health agencies and industry, under the auspices of Archie B. Freeman, U. S. Public Health Service, the National Sanitation Foundation, in the joint de Region II, 42 Broadway, New York 4, N. Y. velopment of 1 SF Standards for Food Service Equip 0. A. Ghiggoile, Bureau of Dairy Service, Califor ment; ( 2) when directed b y the Executive Board, nia Dept. of Agriculture, 1220 . Street, Sacramento to cooperate with other h ealth groups and indush·y in 14, California the development of sanitary standards for food S. R. Howe, Associate Chief, D airy Products In equipment: ( 3 ) to present to the membership at the spection Services, Dept. of Agriculture, Dairy Division, annual meeting those s tandards which the Committee Ottawa, Ontaria, Canada recommends be e ndorsed or approved by the Associa J. C. McCaffrey, Chief, Bureau of Sanitary Bac tion. teriology, Illinois D ept. of Public Health, 1800 West Fillmore Street, Chicago 12, Illinois MEMBERS Joseph J. Maguire, Supervising Sanitarian, Depart William V. Hickey, Chaimwn, D epartment of ment of Health, State Office Building, Providence 2, Health, 115 So. State Street, Salt Lake City, Utah Rhode Island Charles Cotton, Idaho State Health Department, Raymond Smnmerlin, Public Health Sanitarian, Boise, Idaho Emanuel County Health Dept ., Swainsboro, Georgia. Lewis Dodson, Lewis Dodson Engineering Co., Dr. Kenneth G. Weckel, Dept. of Dairy and Food P. 0 . Box 287, Amarillo, Texas Industries, University of Wisconsin, Madison 6, Wis F . H. Downs, J1':, Headquarters 4th Army, Fort consin Sam Houston, Texas COMMITTEE ON M EMBERSHIP D . E. Hartley, State Board of Health, 1330 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana OBJECTIVES John H . McCutchen, Director, Bureau of Food To make every effort to increase the membership and Drugs, Division of Health of Missouri, J efferson of the organization by bringing to the attention of all City, Missouri qualified persons the advantages of belonging to the W. R. McLean, U. S. Public Health Service, 50 International Association of Milk and Food Sanitarians, Seventh St. N. E., Atlanta 5, Georgia Inc., and to interest state milk and food sanitarians' J. H. Millar, State Department of Health, Charles organizations in the a dvantages of affiliation with ton, West Virginia the International Association of Milk and Food Sani James A. Stalbird , New York State Health Depart tarians, Inc. ment, 18 Dove Sh·eet, Albany, Jew York Jerome Trichter, ew York City D ept. of Health, MElvfBERS 125 Worth Street, ew York 13, Y. H . L. Templeton, Cha:irman, Technical Director, -James Westbrook, U. S. Public Health Service, Fai1mont Food Co., Omaha, Nebraska

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~~ORDINANCES ORDINANCES~~

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~~COMMITTEE COMMITTEE W e st st e e Fillmor ON ON S RECOGNITION RECOGNITION t r ee t , , Chica g o o 12 AND AND , , Illinois Illinois AWARDS AWARDS~~

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MEMBERS the Milk and Food Branch of the U. S. Public Health John D. Faulkner, Chainnan, 1\llilk and Food Sanita Service in the formulation of 3A Sanitary Standards tion Program, Division of Sanitary Engineering Ser for Dairy Equipment. Specifically, the functions of vices, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington 25, tl1is Committee are: ( 1) to receive, consider, ~~md D. C. comment on proposed sanitation standards for dairy equipment submitted by the Sanitary Standards FoR Two YEAR TERM Subcommittee, ( 2) to bring to the attention of the Ivan E. Parkin, 213 Dairy Building, Penn State Sanitary Standards Subconm1ittee items of dairy in University, University Park, Pa. dustry equipment and methods for which formulation William V. Hickey, City Health Dept. , 115 S. State of sanitary standards appear ~esirable, and ( 3) to Street, Salt Lake City, Utah cooperate ·with the Dairy Industry Committee, the John H. McCutchen, Bureau of Food and Drugs, U. S. Public Health Service, and health officials in Division of Health, Jefferson City, Missouri attaining universal acceptance of the sanitary stand FoR ONE YEAR TERM ards upon which mutual agreement has been reached. Dr. Hubert Shull, 944 Locust Street, Texarkana, Texas MEMBERS George H . Steele, Minn. Dept. of Agriculture, 515 C. A. Abele, Chairma·n, 2617 Hartzell Street, Evans State Office Building, St. Paul, Minn. ton, Illinois COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS Harry Bremer, Deparhnent of Agricultme, Mont- pelier, Vermont · OBJECTIVES E. B. Buchanan, 23728 Cliff Drive, Cleveland, Ohio To present for consideration at the annual meeting Paul Cm·ash, 3971 Saxon Avenue, Bronx 63, N. Y. matters on Association policy and matters wherein John Culp, State Department of Health, State Capi- the Association can make known its official posi tol Office Building, Atlanta, Georgia tion with respect to proposals affecting ( 1) the work David H . Evans, State Health Department, Austin, of professional s ~mitarians, and ( 2) the health of the Texas people of the nation. Milton R. Fisher, 5827 Neosho, St. Louis, Missomi MEMBERS Mark Howlett, Jr., 2461 Coniston Place, San Marino, John D. Faulkner, Cha·i1·man, Milk and Food San California itation Program, Division of Sanitary Engineering Wilbm Kempa, Dairy and Milk Inspector, Civic Services, U. S. Public Health Service, ' 'Vashington 25, Health Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada D.C. Clarence K. Luchterhand, 814 Embank Place, Madi Kenneth Carl, State Department of Agriculture, son 5, Wisconsin Division of Foods and Dairying, Salem, Oregon James A. Meany, 8948 S. Laflin Sh·eet, Chicago 20, Thomas A. Evans, State Department of Health, Illinois Pierre, South Dakota Samuel oles, State Board of Health, Jacksonville, L. 0. Tucker, 6317 - 15th Avenue, N. E., Seattle Florida ' · ~~.~ ttl 5, Washington I. E. Parkin, 213 Dairy Building, Pennsylvania Dr. Kenneth G. Weckel, Dept. of Dairy and Food State University, University Park, Pa. Industries, University of Wisconsin, Madison 6, vVis- H. L. Thomasson, Ex-officio, Executive Secretary, cons in IAMFS, P. 0. Box 437, Shelbyville, Indiana COMMITTEE ON SANITARY PROCEDURES Clarence Weber, New York State Health Depart ment, 18 Dove Street, Albany, New York OBJECTIVES D. B. Whitehead, Supervisior of Milk and Food To participate jointly with the Sanitary Standards Control, Division of Sanitary Engineering, Mississippi Subcommittee of tl1e Dairy Industry Committee and State Board of Health, Jackson, Mississippi

~~unsatisfactor~~

~~y y~~

~~for for DMC DMC~~

~~and and~~

~~SPC SPC~~

~~and and~~

~~30,000 30,000~~

~~and and producers producers~~

~~for for th e e 12 12 months months~~

~~period period compares compares~~

~~very very~~

~~l ocal ocal~~

~~grading grading~~

~~standards standards~~

~~sp ecify ecify~~

~~200~~

~~, 000 000~~

~~and and over over~~

~~as as~~

~~samples samples~~

~~obtained obtained in in th e e Twin Twin~~

~~City City~~

~~study study~~

~~on on~~

~~the the~~

~~700 700~~

~~-wer~~

~~e e~~

~~run run~~

~~on on~~

~~eac h h~~

~~individual individual~~

~~sample sample~~

~~of of milk. milk.~~

~~e e in in their their selection. selection. The The~~

~~incid~~

~~ence ence~~

~~of of~~

~~unsatisfactory unsatisfactory~~

~~700 700~~

~~produc~~

~~e rs. rs.~~

~~Th e e~~

~~thr ee ee~~

~~t es ts-DMC~~

~~, ,~~

~~SPC~~

~~, , and and LPC LPC~~

~~some some bias bias may may hav e e~~

~~ee n n~~

~~introduced introduced~~

~~unknowingly unknowingly~~

~~June~~

~~, , 1954 1954~~

~~through through~~

~~May, May,~~

~~1955 1955~~

~~from from~~

~~approximately approximately~~

~~s m a~~

~~ll ll numb er er of of produc~~

~~e rs rs and and~~

~~it it is is~~

~~possible possible~~

~~that that~~

~~of of 7,949 7,949~~

~~samples samples~~

~~taken taken~~

~~over over a a 12 12~~

~~month month~~

~~p e riod riod from from~~

~~that that th e e Chicago Chicago study study~~

~~included included~~

~~on l~~

~~y y~~

~~a a relatively relatively~~

~~e e~~

~~Minneapo~~

~~li s-St. s-St.~~

~~Paul Paul~~

~~study study~~

~~involv~~

~~d d a a~~

~~total total~~

~~City City~~

~~study. study. This This cou ld ld b e e acco unt e d d for for on on the the basis basis~~

~~tory tory in in Indiana. Indiana.~~

~~s tud~~

~~y y was was considerably considerably high er er than than in in th e e Twin Twin~~

~~also also~~

~~furnish e d d from from~~

~~th ; ; fil e~~

~~s s of of~~

~~a a commercia~~

~~incidence incidence l l labora o f f unsatisfactor y y counts counts in in the the Chicago Chicago~~

~~seven seven~~

~~dairi es es~~

~~in in~~

~~the the Chicago Chicago~~

~~milk milk~~

~~the the shed. shed.~~

~~Twin Twin~~

~~Data Data City City ar e e shed shed it it is is quite quite apparent apparent that that~~

~~e e~~

~~type type~~

~~of of~~

~~study study~~

~~on on a a seiected seiected~~

~~group group~~

~~of of produc e ach ach~~

~~category category ers ers from from in in the the Chicago Chicago shed shed as as compared compared~~

~~with with~~

~~each each~~

~~of of the the~~

~~same same~~

~~700 700 produc~~

~~e rs; rs;~~

~~and and From From (b) (b)~~

~~a a th e e similar similar ratios ratios of of th e e unsatisfactor y y samples samples~~

~~in in~~

~~t es~~

~~t t being being~~

~~mad~~

~~e e monthly monthly~~

~~on on~~

~~samples samples~~

~~obtained obtained~~

~~from from~~

~~proximately proximately~~

~~2:1 2:1~~

~~whereas whereas~~

~~e e DMC DMC~~

~~ratio ratio~~

~~was was~~

~~3:1. 3:1.~~

~~ducers ducers~~

~~in in~~

~~the the~~

~~Minneapo~~

~~li s-St. s-St. Paul Paul milk milk~~

~~shed~~

~~, ,~~

~~eac~~

~~h h~~

~~Chicago Chicago~~

~~to to thos~~

~~e e~~

~~in in Minneapolis-St. Minneapolis-St.~~

~~Paul Paul~~

~~was was~~

~~ap~~

~~pasteuriz~~

~~d d~~

~~count count~~

~~( ( LPC) LPC)~~

~~on on approximately approximately~~

~~700 700~~

~~pro~~

~~since since~~

~~e e ratio ratio~~

~~of of~~

~~uns~~

~~a tisfactory tisfactory~~

~~LPC LPC~~

~~samples samples~~

~~in in~~

~~standard standard~~

~~plate plate~~

~~raw raw~~

~~count count~~

~~( ( SPC~~

~~) )~~

~~and and~~

~~th e e laborator~~

~~y y~~

~~microflora microflora~~

~~of of the the samples samples~~

~~y y~~

~~be be~~

~~somewhat somewhat~~

~~different different~~

~~parison parison~~

~~of of th e e~~

~~direct direct microscopic microscopic~~

~~count count~~

~~( D~~

~~1v iC~~

~~), ), th~~

~~e e~~

~~operating operating~~

~~similarly similarly~~

~~in in both both~~

~~areas areas~~

~~eve~~

~~n n~~

~~though though~~

~~th e e~~

~~e e~~

~~specific specific~~

~~investigations investigations~~

~~includ~~

~~e : : (a) (a)~~

~~a a com~~

~~in in most most~~

~~cases. cases.~~

~~This This~~

~~s s~~

~~ev id ence ence~~

~~that that th e e methods methods are are~~

~~mitte~~

~~e e m~~

~~e mbers~~

~~. .~~

~~r ecog ni ze d d~~

~~that that~~

~~thes e e are are~~

~~not not~~

~~e e id en~~

~~tical tical~~

~~samples samples~~

~~data data~~

~~available available~~

~~in in the the~~

~~files files~~

~~of of~~

~~e e~~

~~several several~~

~~Sub~~

~~- Com~~

~~milk milk~~

~~sh e ds ds~~

~~as as did did th~~

~~e e DMC; DMC;~~

~~however, however,~~

~~it it shou l d d~~

~~be be~~

~~obtained obtained~~

~~from from~~

~~specific specific~~

~~investigations investigations~~

~~and and~~

~~laborator~~

~~y y~~

~~proximately proximately~~

~~e e same same~~

~~p e rcentage rcentage~~

~~of of~~

~~samples samples~~

~~in in both both~~

~~This This~~

~~r e port port~~

~~consists consists~~

~~of of a a~~

~~summary summary~~

~~of of~~

~~information information~~

~~With With~~

~~r espec t t to to LPC , , this this method method~~

~~picked picked~~

~~up up~~

~~ap ~~

~~report report~~

~~as as~~

~~follows: follows:~~

~~ples ples~~

~~t es t ed ed in in~~

~~eac~~

~~h h~~

~~area. area.~~

~~J. J.~~

~~C. C.~~

~~McCaffrey McCaffrey~~

~~J. J. J. J.~~

~~and and~~

~~ezes~~

~~, , Cha · innan~~

~~. .~~

~~Th ey ey~~

~~in in~~

~~raw raw milk milk~~

~~th an an is is~~

~~th e e DMC DMC~~

~~on on~~

~~th e e~~

~~basis basis~~

~~of of th~~

~~e e~~

~~sam~~

~~man , , W. W.~~

~~C. C.~~

~~Lawton~~

~~, , W. W. K. K.~~

~~Moseley~~

~~, ,~~

~~W. W.~~

~~S. S.~~

~~~v fu~~

~~e ll~~

~~er, er,~~

~~and and discriminating discriminating~~

~~t e st st for for~~

~~e e~~

~~ese~~

~~nc e e~~

~~of of~~

~~bacteria bacteria~~

~~This This~~

~~year~~

~~' s s Sub-Committe~~

~~e e~~

~~comprised comprised~~

~~R. R. T. T.~~

~~Fr ee ~~

~~quite quite~~

~~en t t that that~~

~~th e e~~

~~SPC SPC~~

~~is is a a~~

~~much much more more~~

~~rigorous rigorous~~

~~tain tain~~

~~information information~~

~~on on this~~

~~, , as as~~

~~well well~~

~~as as~~

~~on on other other points. points.~~

~~St. St.~~

~~Paul Paul~~

~~milk milk shed shed~~

~~it it~~

~~was was~~

~~approximately approximately~~

~~4:1. 4:1.~~

~~It It is is~~

~~sca~~

~~l e e~~

~~study study~~

~~in in th e e Minneapolis-St. Minneapolis-St.~~

~~Paul Paul~~

~~area area~~

~~to to~~

~~ob~~

~~approximately approximately~~

~~2:1 2:1~~

~~whereas whereas~~

~~in in~~

~~th e e Minneapolis Minneapolis~~

~~and and~~

~~of of~~

~~th e e opportunity opportunity~~

~~to to~~

~~utilize utilize~~

~~th e e~~

~~r es ults ults~~

~~of of a a~~

~~large~~

~~The The~~

~~ratio ratio~~

~~of of~~

~~SPC SPC to to DMC DMC~~

~~in in~~

~~the the~~

~~Chicago Chicago~~

~~shed shed~~

~~was was~~

~~Chairman's Chairman's~~

~~own own files. files.~~

~~This . . year~~

~~, , advantage advantage~~

~~was was~~

~~tak~~

~~e n n~~

~~about about~~

~~one-third one-third~~

~~that that~~

~~obtained obtained~~

~~in in~~

~~th e e Chicago Chicago~~

~~study. study.~~

~~factual factual~~

~~information information~~

~~was was~~

~~available available~~

~~other other~~

~~than than~~

~~in in~~

~~th e e~~

~~Th e e~~

~~r e lati~~

~~ve ve p e rc~~

~~en tag~~

~~e e~~

~~in in~~

~~th e e Twin Twin City City~~

~~study study was was~~

~~by by~~

~~laboratory laboratory~~

~~pasteurization pasteurization~~

~~counts. counts.~~

~~Not Not~~

~~too too I'nuch I'nuch~~

~~satisfactory satisfactory~~

~~raw raw~~

~~samples samples~~

~~as as~~

~~compared compared~~

~~to to~~

~~t he he SPC. SPC.~~

~~of of~~

~~e e~~

~~bact~~

~~iological iological~~

~~quality quality~~

~~of of raw raw~~

~~milk milk en~~

~~tir~~

~~l y y~~

~~1v iC iC~~

~~picked picked~~

~~up up a a~~

~~much much~~

~~smaller smaller~~

~~e rc~~

~~e ntag e e of of un~~

~~Last Last year year~~

~~a a~~

~~Sub-Committe~~

~~e e~~

~~considered considered~~

~~e e control control~~

~~of of uns~~

~~a tisfactory tisfactory samp l es es in in both both a r eas eas and and th e e~~

~~vident vident~~

~~that that~~

~~th e e SPC SPC~~

~~picked picked up up th e e larg es p t e rcentage rcentage OF OF MILK MILK FOR FOR PASTEURIZATION PASTEURIZATION~~

~~milk milk~~

~~sheds. sheds.~~

~~From From th e e results results in in~~

~~Tabl e e 1 DETERMINING DETERMINING , , it it is is quite quite BACTERIOLOGICAL BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY QUALITY~~

~~a a~~

~~comparison comparison~~

~~of of the the~~

~~r es ults ults~~

~~obtained obtained~~

~~RELATIVE RELATIVE in in th e e t wo wo MERITS MERITS OF OF VARIOUS VARIOUS TESTS TESTS~~

~~FOR FOR~~

~~Minneapolis-St. Minneapolis-St.~~

~~P a ul ul and and Chicago Chicago studies studies and and off e r r~~

~~Tabl~~

~~es es 2 2 1 , , a~~

~~nd nd 3 3 summarize summarize the the results results of of th e e~~

~~and and~~

~~H H . . . . Weiser, Weiser,~~

~~547 547 with with C samples samples . . K . . Johns Johns tak as as Chairman e n n during during . . thi s s p e riod. riod.~~

~~ley~~

~~, , W~~

~~. .~~

~~. . Mueller, Mueller,~~

~~R. R. B~~

~~. . Parker~~

~~, ,~~

~~. . B . .~~

~~Richie~~

~~, ,~~

~~G . . W~~

~~. .~~

~~through through Shadwick Shadwick May May 1955 1955~~

~~as as we ll , ,~~

~~and and~~

~~invo l ved ved~~

~~a a~~

~~total total of of~~

~~. . C . .~~

~~Lawton, Lawton,~~

~~. .~~

~~. . McCaffrey, McCaffrey,~~

~~E . . F . .~~

~~McFarren, McFarren,~~

~~W . . K . .~~

~~Mos~~

~~The The~~

~~Chicago Chicago~~

~~study study~~

~~covered covered~~

~~a a~~

~~p e riod riod~~

~~of of~~

~~Jun~~

~~e e~~

~~1954 1954~~

~~Barber~~

~~, ,~~

~~. .~~

~~N. N.~~

~~Costilow, Costilow,~~

~~. . R~~

~~. . Freeman~~

~~, ,~~

~~J . . J . .~~

~~Jezeski , ,~~

~~hom hom seven seven~~

~~dairi~~

~~es, es, using using~~

~~e ntical ntical~~

~~count count standards. standards.~~

~~1955 1955 Committe~~

~~e e~~

~~on on Applied Applied Laboratory Laboratory Methods Methods~~

~~were were~~

~~F . . W . .~~

~~Chicago Chicago~~

~~milk milk shed shed~~

~~of of on on~~

~~these these~~

~~a a selected selected Sub-Committees Sub-Committees~~

~~group group are are of of produc presented presented e rs rs below . . Membe r s s of of the the~~

~~for for pasteurized pasteurized~~

~~A A milk milk~~

~~similar similar and and other other comparative comparative~~

~~dairy dairy products study study . . The The was was reports reports carried carried of of each each on on in in th e e~~

~~ducts; ducts;~~

~~and and~~

(

~~d ) ) a a survey survey of of coliform coliform~~

~~standards standards which which are are in in~~

~~effect effect~~

~~sys~~

~~t em~~

~~. .~~

~~methods methods~~

~~for for~~

~~the the~~

~~detection detection of of proteolytic proteolytic~~

~~organisms organisms~~

~~in in~~

~~dairy dairy~~

~~pro ~~

~~been been~~

~~tabulat~~

~~d d~~

~~on on~~

~~cards cards raw raw~~

~~and and milk; milk;~~

~~classified classified ( b ) ) fat fat~~

~~tests tests b y y for for milk milk IB~ and and t l l other other dairy dairy products; products; ( c ) )~~

~~between between~~

~~was was~~

~~obtained. obtained. various various bacteriological bacteriological~~

~~e e r esu lts lts methods methods of of eac h h for for individual individual th e e examination examination t es t t hav of of e e~~

~~appointed appointed~~

~~to to~~

~~s~udy s~udy four four~~

~~specific specific~~

~~topics a a : :~~

~~week week~~

~~( a ) ) the the after after relationships relationships an an~~

~~unsatisfactory unsatisfactory DMC DMC or or LPC LPC~~

~~r es ult ult~~

~~Continuing Continuing~~

~~the the p r actice actice~~

~~of of last last~~

~~year, year,~~

~~four four S-ub-Committees S-ub-Committees~~

~~were were~~

~~by by~~

~~one one of of th e e producers ' ' association association fieldmen fieldmen within within~~

~~over over~~

~~as as unsatisfactory unsatisfactory for for LPC. LPC. A A field field ca ll ll was was~~

~~mad e e~~

~~REPORT REPORT OF OF THE THE~~

~~COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ON ON APPLIED APPLIED~~

~~LABORATORY LABORATORY METHODS- 1955 1955 7 7 8 Co:M iVIITTEE ON APPLIED L ABORATORY !v! ETHODS~~

closely with the results on about 36,000 samples taken ing to 34 per cent in the Chicago study and 14 per cent on all of the 3,000 odd producers in the same area ili the Twin Cities study. However, the SPC method picked up a considerably greater percentage of the for the same period in which DMC and LPC were ! run. unsatisfactory LPC samples when compared with the D iviC method. The SPC method picked up 80 percent Table 2 indicates the classification of the un of the unsatisfactory LPC's in the Chicago study and sa tisfactory milk samples obtain ed by the th1·ee meth 53 peT cent of the unsatisfactory LPC samples in ods in the two milk sheds studied. From these the Twin Cities study. results, as in the previous table, it is quite evident that From the above data, it is quite evident on the the D MC is not nearly as efficient as the SPC in de basis of the grading standards used-200,000 and tecting unsatisfactory raw milk samples. The ratio of 30,000- that the SPC method is significantly superior SPC unsatisfactory samples to D:MC unsatisfactory to either of the other two methods in detecting un samples is in excess of 2J~ to 1 for both milk sheds satisfactory raw milk samples. The SPC method is studied. It is of interest to note the rather close agree certainly far superior to the D MC method for this ment obtained in both milk sheds for the percentage purpose and can be compared directly with it since of unsatisfactory samples detected by the SPC they both are measuring bacteria in raw milk. The method. In the Chicago shed there appears to be SPC method is somewhat more rigorous than the a soniewhat greater percentage of unsatisfactory sam LPC method in detecting unsatisfactory raw milk ples detected by the D t-.1IC as compared to the Twin samples and in addition picks up a considerable City area. However, in spite of this it is quite evident portion of those samples which are not satisfactory that the DMC is considerably inferior to the SPC on by the LPC method as well. the basis of these results. Considerable seasonal variation was observed in The percentage of unsatisfactory samples detected both the Twin City and the Chicago studies; how by LPC in both the Chicago and Twin City areas ever, the variations were in the incidence of un shows quite close agreement; but still it is quite satisfactory samples in the entire supply and the apparent when comparing the LPC "unsatisfactories" relative agreement within methods or between meth with the SPC "unsal isfactories" that at the 30,000 level ods remained somewhat more constant. It is apparent the LPC method is quite inefficient in detecting un that agreement between methods holds fairly con satisfactory raw samples; furthermore a considerable stant over the entire year whereas the actual incidence number of the LPC unsatisfactory samples were un of unsatisfactory samples by any method changes satisfactory by this method alone, and consequently probably because of the influence of outside tempera there is not very good agreement between the LPC hues. and the SPC methods in detecting the same samples. D etailed data on the Indiana area are as follows: Table 3 illustrates the relative agreements between In a milk supply graded by SPC in January 1955, the various methods in detecting unsatisfactory sam only 2 samples of 128 were 200,000 or over by SPC ples. It is quite evident that the SPC detects a very and only 2 samples of 128 were 30,000 or over by large percentage of those samples which are like LPC. These vvere not the same samples in any case. wise unsatisfactory by DMC, amounting to 83 per In July, 1955, 16 of 120 samples were unsatisfactory cent in the Twin

~~Leg e nd: nd: Tab S~ e e l e e 1 1~~

~~Chicago Chicago 176 176~~

~~64 64~~

~~36. 36. 156 156 89. 89.~~

~~67 67 38. 38.~~

~~Mpls. Mpls. - St. St. Paul Paul~~

~~1329 1329 298 298 22~~

~~. . 1080 1080 81. 81. 426 426 32. 32.~~

~~% %~~

~~Ar ea ea Sa m p l es es~~

~~% %~~

~~No . . No. No. % % r r o. o.~~

~~T o tal tal 200~~

~~. 000 000~~

~~a nd nd~~

~~ovet· ovet· ~oo.ooo ~oo.ooo and and over over~~

~~30 ,000 ,000~~

~~and and over over~~

~~Di\1 C C SPC SPC LPC LPC~~

~~TABLE TABLE - 2 CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION OF OF U U NSATISF NSATISF ACTOHY ACTOHY MILK MILK SAMPLES SAMPLES BY BY THREE THREE GHAE>I GHAE>I ' G G METHODS METHODS~~

~~L ege nd: nd: = = D:MC D:MC = =~~

~~dir ec~~

~~t t mi crosco pi~~

~~c c clump clump count; count; SPC SPC standard standard plate plate count; count; LPC LPC laboratory laboratory pasteurized pasteurized count. count.~~

~~547 547 -~~

~~3 3 2 2~~

~~Chicago - ~- % %~~

~~- 7949 7949 -~~

~~= = Total Total Unsatisfactory: Unsatisfactory: Mpls. Mpls. - St. St. P • au l l 1329 1329 17 % %~~

~~Chicago Chicago 547 547 12.0 12.0 64 64~~

~~156 156 29 29 67 67~~

~~12.0 12.0~~

~~- St. St. 7949 7949 Paul Paul ' Mp l 298 298 s. s.~~

~~3.7 3.7 1080 1080 1 4 4 426 426 5.4 5.4~~

~~% % % %~~

~~Area Area~~

~~Samp No . . l es es Ne. Ne. % % No . .~~

~~200,000 200,000 Total Total and and~~

~~ov e t· t· 2 00 ,000 ,000 and and over over~~

~~30,000 30,000 and and over over~~

~~DMC DMC SPC SPC LPC LPC~~

1-CLASSIFICATION 1-CLASSIFICATION TABLE TABLE SAMPLES SAMPLES MILK MILK BY BY THREE THREE OF OF GRADING GRADING METHODS METHODS (12 (12 MoNTHS, MoNTHS, Ju NE NE '54 '54 THROUGH THROUGH MAY MAY '55) '55)

~~of of many many~~

~~workers workers~~

~~in in th e e field field should should be be honor e d ; ; cer- this this regard regard and and the the Chicago Chicago study study was was not not set set up up for for~~

~~eo pl~~

~~e e~~

~~th e e~~

~~data data may may~~

~~appear appear meager, meager, th e e opinions opinions the the Twin Twin Cities Cities study study hav e e not not b een een analyzed analyzed in in~~

~~grading grading~~

~~program program~~

~~is is open open to to question. question. VVhile VVhile to to some some not not definitely definitely known known at at tllis tllis time. time. All All of of th e e data data from from~~

~~eq uival ence ence~~

~~of of th ese ese two two methods methods in in a a raw raw milk milk larg e e majority majority of of th e e unsatisfactory unsatisfactory SPC SPC samples samples is is~~

~~in in~~

~~excess excess~~

~~of of~~

~~200,000 200,000 per per milliliter. milliliter. Consequently, Consequently, th e e standard standard would would hav e e to to be be reduced reduced to to pick pick up up a a very very~~

~~nearly nearly~~

~~so so~~

~~ri gorous gorous~~

~~as as th e e SPC SPC in in detecting detecting raw raw counts counts factory factory raw raw SPC SPC samples samples but but just just how how far far the the LPC LPC~~

~~r epor~~

~~t, t,~~

~~it it~~

~~seems seems quite quite eviden t t that that th e e DMC DMC is is not not pi ck ck up up a a considerably considerably larg er er portion portion of of th e e unsatis~~

~~From From~~

~~the the data data~~

~~presented presented in in tllis tllis Sub-Committee Sub-Committee lowering lowering th e e LPC LPC I I standard standard it it might might be be possible possible to to~~

~~predicated predicated upon . . th ;m ;m is is It It realized, realized, 3 , 000 . . of of course, course, that that b y y~~

~~l ess ess than than raw raw 10 000 000 , samples samples on on all all finished finished that that pr ese products products nt nt grading grading down · · to to programs programs l ess ess are are~~

counts counts dard dard will will und er er not not a a provide provide SPC SPC program program for for the the alone alone detection detection will will average average of of high high from from count count

~~1:10. 1:10. eviden Again Again t t that that it it even even is is emphasized emphasized drastically drastically that that lowering lowering finished finished th e e LPC LPC product product stan~~

~~dard dard plate plate from from counts th e e , , Twin Twin in in some some Cities Cities instances instances study study at at in in least th e e , , ratio ratio it it seems seems of of quite quite~~

~~microscopic microscopic 30,000 30,000 l eve counts counts l. l. On On are are the the low low basis basis when when of of pr compared compared elimi nary nary to to analysis analysis stan~~

~~Further Further does does not not data data appear appear from from Indiana Indiana to to b e e milk milk f eas ibl sheds sheds e -c er indicates indicates tainly tainly at at that that th e e~~

~~in in many many From From the the instanc data data es es presented, presented, high high enoug th e e h h us to to e e of of b th e e e e d LPC LPC egra d alone alone e d. d.~~

~~gram gram refute refute of of th DMC DMC e e data data and/or and/or herein herein reduction reduction presented. presented. t es ts ts a lon e e were were~~

~~has has th e e been been very very that that near near finished finished future future wllich wllich product product would would counts counts e ither ither under under confirm confirm a a pro or or~~

tainl y y LPC LPC further further t es t t detailed detailed is is a a definite definite studies studies necessity, necessity, should should be be for for planned planned th e e experience experience in in

~~microsopic microsopic~~

~~co unt unt and/or and/or reduction reduction methods methods that that a a~~

~~Legend: Legend: Se e e Tabl e e 1 1~~

~~seems seems apparent apparent that that in in markets markets graded graded by by th e e dir ec t t~~

~~Chicago Chicago~~

~~67 67 on on th e e 23 23 basis basis 34. 34. of of a a 54 54 logarithmic logarithmic 80. 80. average. average. likewise likewise It It~~

~~LPC LPC Mpls.-St. Mpls.-St.~~

~~Paul Paul~~

~~426 426~~

~~59 59~~

~~14 . . 224 224 53. 53.~~

~~count count would would average average well well under under 10 000 000 , per per milliliter milliliter~~

~~DM : c c a a number number SPC SPC of of markets markets graded graded by by th e e standard standard plat e e~~

~~which which indicate , , that that th e e~~

~~finished finished product product~~

~~counts counts~~

~~in in Chicago Chicago 156 156 62 62 40. 40. 54 54 35. 35.~~

~~additional additional SPC SPC t es Mpls.-St. Mpls.-St. ting ting by by LPC, LPC, and and Paul Paul data data 1080 1080 are are available available 246 246 23. 23. 224 224 21. 21.~~

~~counts. counts.~~

~~Such Such an an~~

~~arrangement arrangement appears appears~~

~~to to require require no no D~fC D~fC LPC LPC~~

~~gram gram will will result result in in satisfactory satisfactory~~

~~finished finished product product~~

~~Chicago Chicago~~

~~64 64~~

~~62 62 97. 97. 23 23 36. 36.~~

~~SPC SPC alone alone~~

~~plus plus~~

~~a a reasonably reasonably~~

~~good good enfo rc emen~~

~~t t pro~~

~~DMC DMC Mpls.-St. Mpls.-St. Paul Paul 298 298 246 246 83. 83.~~

~~59 59~~

~~20. 20.~~

~~ing ing in in Indiana Indiana milk milk sheds sheds indicate indicate that that the the use use of of~~

~~% %~~

~~b y y Area Area~~

~~% %~~

~~Unsatis. Unsatis.~~

~~No . . No . .~~

~~The The results results~~

~~from from th e e commercia~~

~~l l laborator~~

~~y y operat~~

~~[actory [actory No. No. SPC SPC LPC LPC~~

~~U n s ati s· s·~~

~~Detected Detected by: by:~~

~~by by LPC. LPC.~~

~~SAMPLES SAMPLES~~

~~(12 (12~~

~~Mo~THS, Mo~THS,~~

~~JuNE JuNE~~

~~'54 '54 THnoueH THnoueH~~

~~MAY MAY '55) '55)~~

~~Jun e , , 1955 , , of of 310 310 samples , , 120 120 were were 30,000 30,000 or or over over~~

~~METHODS METHODS IN IN~~

~~THE THE DETECTION DETECTION~~

~~OF OF UNSATISFACTORY UNSATISFACTORY~~

~~MILK MILK~~

~~200,000 200,000 according according~~

~~to to the the~~

~~City City~~

~~Board Board~~

~~of of Health. Health.~~

~~In In~~

~~TABLE TABLE 3 3 - RELATIVE RELATIVE AGREEMENT AGREEMENT BETWEEN BETWEEN THREE THREE GRADING GRADING~~

CoMMITTEE CoMMITTEE ON ON APPLIED APPLIED LABORATORY LABORATORY METHODS METHODS 9 9 10 Co:r-r:MrTTEE ON APPLIED LABORATORY METHODS such an analysis. On the basis of the first three Bacteria involved months in the Tvvin Cities study, June, July and Au The importance of psychrophylic bacteria in de gust of 1954, if the LPC standard were reduced to terioration of butter has been r eviewed in a fre 3,000 this would still pick up only 42 per cent of the vious report of tl1is committee ( 1) and by others; in SPC unsatisfactory samples and would increase the Wagenaar (2). Most commonly, spoilages total number of unsatisfactory samples by about cluding een caused by various species of Pseudomonas, 60 per cent. This does not constitute the final figure have b As tl1ese genera in tl1is study and more detailed information in this Achromo-bacte-r and Flavolba.cteTium. forms capable of grow regard will be available at a later date. are gram-negative caseolytic ing at reduced temperatures, various methods which Some people will not, of course, be willing to con will detect such organisms have been employed in sider this approach but one must face the facts in predicting keeping characteristics of butter. the matter and consider that should the LPC stan dard be drastically reduced to such a point that we Reliability of method I~ight pick up a _majority of high count raw samples, There is, in general, reasonable correlation between tl1e burden on enforcen1ent programs and field calls leveis of casein-digesting bacteria and spoilage rate by dairy inspectors to rectify the troubles on the of butter. However, certain instances of false posi farm would be increased many-fold. Also, from tl1e tive caseolytic organisms have been reported by standpoint of product keeping quality would such workers as early as Hastings (3) and later by Frazier a grading program be wortl1wlule? and Rupp ( 4). It was pointed out that a clear zone It is recognized tl1at the amount of enforcement around colonies on agar containing skim milk is not activity in a milk shed will have a significant effect entirely reliable as an index of proteolysis by acid on raw product bacteriology and these figures may forming bacteria. Also certain gram-positive species change somewhat if one compares an unimproved wmch are incapable of developing in the environ milk supply with one that has been under a vigorous ment provided by butter, i. e., mgh salt concentration enforcement program for a considerable period of in the aqueous phase, may grow and produce true time. Likewise, tl1e standards being used in the milk proteolysis on milk agar plates. False positive re sheds in question appear to play a vital part in de actions caused by acid-fom1ing bacteria can be de termining the relative efficiency of these tests. How tected by flooding the plate with dilute acid ( 3). ever, in spite of these other factors which possibly Proteolysis on plates caused by gram-positive spore may influence results, the data herein discussed do in formers and certain micrococci is more difficult to dicate that serious consideration be given to the eliminate. Fortunately such types are usually low initiation of studies relative to the following: iu numbers in fresh butter and will frequently 1. The true wortl1 of the DMC. decrease as butter is aged. Various workers, including 2. A comparison of the efficiency of the LPC Nelson (5), have suggested the use of selective dyes when used in milk sheds in different areas. such as crystal violet to eliminate gram-positive 3. The effect on product quality of a grading pro organisms. gram based solely on the LPC. 4. ·would a grading program based .solely on the Media. LPC be realistic w.ith respect to the maintenance of Numerous media have been proposed for enumerat good producer relationslups, and vyould such a pro ing caseolytic bacteria. Ayres and Mudge ( 6) pro gram be· apt to impose mmecessary burdens on the posed about 50 different formulations of milk agar. producer? _ . , Of the media tested by these workers, three contain ing dry skim milk solids were reported as giving PROTEOLYTIC ORGANISMS IN DETECTION OF superior results. Zoller ( 7) has suggested a non-fat DAIRY PRODUCTS dq milk solids agar modified by the inclusion of In vi e ,~ of current interest in methods fol: ..th e de sodium citrate. British Standard Methods ( 8) recom tection ·cif spoilage organisms in dairy products, e s mend the medium devised by Frazier and Hupp ( 4). pecially butter, a Sub-Committee comprising R. N. After three days incubation at 30°C. , the plates are Costilow, J. J. Jezeski, vV. S. Mueller, R B. Parker, flooded with a protein precipitant such as tannic Ceo. W. Shadwick and H. B. Richie, Chairman, under acid. Jezeski (9) has suggested a medium in which took to study the matter. A comprehensive review of 5 percent skim milk is added just before the agar is the literature was compiled b y the Chairman. Tlus poured. Gelatin liquefaction has been considered, has been condensed for publication by R. B. Parker too often and erroneously, as an appropriate test for and the condensed -form is as follows: evaluating proteolysis. As stated in Manual of Metl~-

~~Stat~~

~~e e~~

~~U niv e rsity , , as as follows: follows: c omm itt 0 .3 .3 ee . . per per 19 55, 55, cent cent b eef eef~~

~~6. 6. 5. 5. Me N~~

~~dium dium e~~

~~l son, son,~~

~~d F. F.~~

~~vis~~

~~E. E.~~

~~e b d P e r so y y n a L. L. l l co G. G. mmuni H a ca rmbn tion tion , , to to Michigan Michigan m e m b e r r of of~~

~~seo~~

~~yt i c , , m~~

~~ilk ilk bact J. J. e ri a . . 5. 5.~~

~~TGE TGE Ba c t. , , agar agar 16: 16: 57. 57. plus plus 1928. 1928. 5 5 p e r r cent cent sterile sterile skimmilk. skimmilk.~~

~~t e~~

~~a a~~

~~of of~~

~~k. k.~~

~~I. I. A A~~

~~medium medium~~

~~for for~~

~~e e di r ec t t~~

~~iso 4. 4. l at i Frazier Frazier on on of of and and~~

~~Rupp Rupp~~

~~casein casein~~

~~dium. dium.~~

~~4. 4.~~

~~Fraz~~

~~i e~~

~~, , ' " ' -~~

~~C. C. an~~

~~d d R u~~

~~pp , ,~~

~~P . .~~

~~Studies Studies~~

~~on on~~

~~e e~~

~~proteo~~

~~l ytic ytic~~

~~per per~~

~~100 100~~

~~mi. , , and and 0.1 0.1 p e r r cent cent Calgon Calgon was was 59 0 added , , 1904. 1904. . .~~

~~eco~~

~~nstitut~~

~~d d~~

~~e nonfat nonfat~~

~~a a~~

~~on on~~

~~case dr~~

~~in in y y~~

~~milk milk as as shown shown~~

~~solids solids b y y milk milk were were agar agar us e p d d l a t es . . C e nh · . . Bakt., Bakt., 2: 2:~~

~~3. 3.~~

~~Hasting~~

~~3. 3. As As~~

~~s , , 1 , ,~~

~~exce E. E.~~

~~G. G.~~

~~pt pt Th e e th a ac t t t i only only o n n of of 5 5 vario ml. ml. u of of s s classes classes th e e 10 10 of of per per ba c cent cent~~

~~t e r: r: A A~~

~~r e vi e w. w. J . .~~

~~D a ir~~

~~y y~~

~~S c~~

~~i. , ,~~

~~35 : : 403~~

~~, , 1952~~

~~. .~~

~~milk milk so lid~~

~~s s~~

~~were were~~

~~e d. d.~~

~~2 . .~~

~~Wag~~

~~a r , , R. R.~~

~~0. 0.~~

~~e e~~

~~b ac~~

~~t e rio l~~

~~ogy ogy~~

~~of of~~

~~s urfa~~

-t

~~aint aint~~

~~but~~

~~2 . . As As~~

~~, , exce~~

~~pt pt~~

~~that that~~

~~d em~~

~~in e raliz ed ed~~

~~nonfat nonfat~~

~~y y~~

~~C h~~

~~man. man.~~

~~(J. (J. ~ ![ ilk ilk and and Food Food T ec hno!. , , 1 8: 8: 200~~

~~- 203. 203.~~

~~1955.) 1955.)~~

~~lids lids~~

~~per per~~

~~p syc~~

~~hmphioli 100 100~~

~~c c~~

~~n~l. n~l. bact~~

~~e ri~~

~~a a i n n d a i 1·y 1·y produ c ts. ts. J. J. C. C. Ol so n , , Jr. , ,~~

~~Food Food~~

~~San it a~~

~~rian~~

~~. .~~

~~T ml. ml. h~~

~~e e n of of a tur 10 10 -e, -e,~~

~~per per s ignifi c e nt nt ca n r c eco e , , mid mid nstitut co ed ed nti·ol nti·ol non-f of of a t t dr y y~~

~~milk milk~~

~~Laboratory Laboratory~~

~~r oce~~

~~dur~~

~~e , , I nt~~

~~e rn~~

~~tiona~~

~~l l Asso~~

~~ia t ion ion~~

~~of of~~

~~l. l. Tr \ ![ ilk ilk y~~

~~pton and and e e~~

~~gluco~e gluco~e ex tr~~

~~ac t t agar agar~~

~~( ( Difco ) ) plu~~

~~s s 10 10~~

~~Report Report l. l.~~

~~of of~~

~~Sub-Committe~~

~~e, e, Commi tt ee ee on on App~~

~~li ed ed~~

~~t e ria ria in in 18 18~~

~~butt e r r samples: samples:~~

~~REFERENCES REFERENCES~~

~~m e~~

~~dia dia~~

~~r e e~~

~~used used for for e num e ratin g g proteo l y ti c c b ac ~~

~~R. R. N~~

~~. .~~

~~Costi~~

~~lo w w~~

~~indicat es es~~

~~at at~~

~~e e following following~~

~~seven seven~~

~~t es t ed ed~~

~~for for th~~

~~e ir ir~~

~~ac tion tion~~

~~in in~~

~~butt e r. r.~~

~~versity. versity.~~

~~A A~~

~~progr~~

~~ess ess~~

~~report report~~

~~by by~~

~~L. L.~~

~~. .~~

~~Harmon Harmon~~

~~and and~~

~~b e~~

~~i ng ng~~

~~scree~~

~~e d d as as~~

~~to to t yp~~

~~e . . T h~~

~~ese ese~~

~~will will~~

~~eve ntually ntually~~

~~b e e~~

~~e ntal ntal~~

~~studies studies~~

~~were were~~

~~initiat~~

~~d d~~

~~t t~~

~~Michigan Michigan~~

~~Stat~~

~~e e~~

~~Uni~~

~~i so l a tion~~

~~s s~~

~~were were~~

~~mad~~

~~e e~~

~~from from~~

~~the the~~

~~various various~~

~~media media~~

~~and and~~

~~are are~~

~~In In~~

~~addi~~

~~on on~~

~~to to th~~

~~e e survey survey~~

~~of of th e e~~

~~lit~~

~~ratur~~

~~e, e, ex~~

~~e ri ~~

~~t an~~

~~t t from from~~

~~th e e s t andpoi nt nt of of butter butter~~

~~storage. storage.~~

~~O ver ver 100 100~~

~~Oth~~

~~e r r~~

~~stu.di~~

~~. es es~~

~~y y~~

~~e num~~

~~era t e e organisms organisms w h ic h h wou ld ld b e e unimp or~~

~~d d~~

~~that that~~

~~c ub atio~~

~~n n~~

~~at at th e e h ig h e t r~~

~~p e~~

~~ratur~~

~~e s s~~

~~to to~~

~~thos~~

~~e e~~

~~of of~~

~~P. P.~~

~~putrefa.ci~~

~~. ens. ens.~~

~~an an~~

~~incub~~

~~tion tion~~

~~t e~~

~~e r a tur e e~~

~~of of~~

~~l0 ° C C~~

~~was was~~

~~sed~~

~~. .~~

~~It It~~

~~is is~~

~~t o o~~

~~ec t t~~

~~rt a~~

~~in in~~

~~strains strains~~

~~to to h ave ave~~

~~sensitivities sensitivities~~

~~simi~~

~~lar lar~~

~~In In~~

~~f ac~~

~~t , ,~~

~~th e e~~

~~bulk bulk~~

~~of of~~

~~e e~~

~~sa mpl~~

~~e s s were were~~

~~negativ~~

~~e e~~

~~when: when:~~

~~nsi~~

~~ly. ly.~~

~~How~~

~~eve~~

~~, , it it~~

~~would would~~

~~not not~~

~~appear appear~~

~~unr~~

~~easona~~

~~bl e e~~

~~o c c~~

~~1 1~~

~~for for~~

~~3 3~~

~~d ays~~

~~, , an d d th e e~~

~~l owes~~

~~t t~~

~~a t t l0~~

~~° C C~~

~~for for~~

~~5 5~~

~~ys. ys.~~

~~hrophilic hrophilic~~

~~organisms organisms~~

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~~third third~~

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~~e e~~

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~~Maxim~~

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~~per per~~

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~~not not~~

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~~abilit~~

~~Poured Poured~~

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~~by by~~

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~~t t peptone, peptone,~~

~~1.5 1.5~~

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~~droly , , Michigan Michigan ze ze State State U ni ve r sity sity~~

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~~Lab~~

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~~American American~~

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~~CoMMITTEE CoMMITTEE O N N APPLlED APPLlED LA BORATORY BORATORY METHODS METHODS 11 11 12 Co:tviMITTEE ON APPLIED L ABORATORY METHODS~~

6. Ayres, S. H. and Mudge, C. S. Milk powder agar for Fat values obtained with the modified test on milk the detem1ination of b'lcteria in milk. J. Bact. , 5: 565. 1920. and on ice cream checked closely, within experi 7. Zoller, H. F . The value of , milk powder agar in the mental error, with those obtained with the Babcock b acteriological laboratory. Am. J. Pub. H ealth, 13 : 384. 1923. t· 8. British Standard Methods for the Microbiological E x and Roese-Gottlieb tests. D etergent test results · on amination of Butter. British Standards Institution. London. cream averaged approximately 0.75 per cent higher 1940. than Babcock results and 1.0 percent higher than 9. Soci·ety of Am erican Bacteriologists. Manual of methods Roese-Gottlieb results. The curved bottom meniscus for pure culture study of bacteria. Biotech. Publicati ons, iri the detergent test on crean,1 was found to account Geneva, N. Y. 1950. 10. Jezeski , J. J. Personal communicati on to Committee. for the increase in reading obtained by this test over 1955. that of the Babcock test results and averaged 0.25 per 11. Erdman, I. E. and Thornton, H . R. Psychrophilic bac cent higher than Roese-Gottlieb results. The detergent teria in Edmonton milk and cream. I Numbers. Can. J. test, regular or modified, was not affected by the T echnol. 29: 232. 1951. presence of small amounts of mercuric chloride or 12. Jezeski, }. J. and Macy, H. Cryophilic orga,nisms in water and butter. J. Dairy Sci., 29: 439. 1946. potassium dichromate used as preservative. 13. Parker, R. B., Caldwell, A. L. and Elliker, P. R. While work has been progressing on the detergent Psychrophilic bacteria-A sanitation problem. J. Milk and test, sh1dies also have been continued on the Bab Food Technol. 16 : 136. 1953. cock test, and detailed directions for conducting the 14. Nelson, F . E. and Baker, M. P. The influence of time Babcock test have been submitted to the A.O.A.C. and temperature of plate incubation upon bacterial counts of 2 market mi·lk and related products, particularly after hold Action on these revisions has been deferred pend ing under refrigeration. J. Milk and Food T echnol. 17 : 95. ing the outcome of the detergent test sh1dies. Among 1954. the suggested revisions was one major cha~ge, namely, 15. Van Der Zant, W. C., and Moore, A. V. The influence that the milk pipette be constructed to deliver on of certain factors on ·bacterial counts and proteolytic ac the average 18.36 grams4. of milk. An 18.05-ml. tivities of several psychrophilic organisms. J, D airy Sci., It 38 : 743. 1955. pipette was found to deliver this amount. was 16. Wagenaar, R. 0 . and Jezeski, J. J. The influence of recommended that the Babcock test be standardized· the type of diluent on the growth and survival of Psecuclom.on so as to obtain results as closely as possible in as pu.trefaciens. J. Dairy Sci., 35 : 738. 1953. statistical agreement with the other extraction meth 17. Long, H . F . and Hammer, B. Vv. Classification of the od. This seems desirable since the Babcock test has organisms important in dairy products. III. Pseu.clom onas been reported to yield results from 0.05 to 0.07 per puttefa.ciens. Ia. Agr. Expt. Sta. Res. Bull. 285. 1941. cent higher than the generally accepted ether ex traction 1ojonnier method. Presumably, those using the new modified detergent test also should use such FAT TESTS FOR MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS a pipette if it is desired to make that test agree with In view of the increased interest in simpler fat the ether extraction method. tests, a Sub-Committee composed of T. R. Freeman, Other sh1dies on the standardization of the Bab G. W. Shadwick and Earl F . McFarren, ChaiTman cock test have included procedures specifying centri undertook to survey the literature on this subject. fuge speed and time, specific gravity, amount of Their report is as follows: sulfuric acid; and method of mixing milk prior to 4 5 Detergent methods for determining the butterfat pipetting • • For those using the Babcock method content of milk have for years attracted the attention the procedures recommended should be followed. of a number of investigators, primarily because of These should be applied where applicable to the the hope for a simplified procedure and the elimina detergent test. tion of difficulty with charred milk encountered in Other methods which have received study are the Babcock Test. In an unpublished report1 it is the Schain6 and the Gerber Tests7 . The Schain Test reported that with a new modified BDI detergent in its present form does not appear suitable for the test (designated as a DPS detergent test) the aver quantitative8 determination of butterfat in milk. age values obtained on 44 samples of fresh whole The Gerber Test appears . to be accurate, but ap milk were identical with the Babcock test results. parently a correction needs to be applied or a 10.77 The modified test differs from the original test pri ml9 pipette should be used instead of a 11.0 ml pip marily in that 2.0 g. of sodium bicarbonate is added ette if results agreeing with the Roese-Gottlieb test to the detergent mixture. It is stated that the purpose are to be obtained.

of the sodium carbonate is to act as a neutralizer and R EFERENCES to prevent gel formation encountered in some choco 1. Sager, 0. S., Sanders, G. P., Norman, G. H., and late ice cream. rviiddleton, M. B. A D etergent Tes t for the Milk Fat Con-

~~17 17 Page Page on on d d e Continu nts: nts: e statem ing ing~~

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~~: : J. J. 36 Sci. Sci. y y il' a D t. t. es T~~

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~~standards standards~~

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give give not not did did e e tat s one one and and , , ml. r r s s e p thod e 10 10 < M s, s, or or t c 10 10 Produ with with y y r ai 15 15 D in in Fat Fat on on rt rt o p e R L. L. , , k ac E. E. J and and

, , L. B. B. , , rrington e H , , H. L. L. Burg'l¥ald, Burg'l¥ald, , , 0. . . E id, id, e rr e H . . 3 ml. ml. r r e p 5 with with one one , , ml. r r e 3 p 3 with with e e on , , ml. r r e 1 p 1 with with

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~~Horwitz, Horwitz, . . 2~~

~~stan~~

~~no no~~

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~~Of Of~~

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~~n U ( ( . . m a e Cr e e c I and and m m ea Cr , , vfilk l I. I. Products. Products. ·y ·y u a D of of nt nt e t~~

~~1:3 1:3~~

~~N N O HODs HODs ET M LABORATORY LABORATORY APPLmD APPLmD CoMMITTEE CoMMITTEE 14~~

~~1 OBSERVAT IONS ON THE DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN MILK c. K. }OHNS AND I. BERZINS Canada Department of Agri.cultuTe, Ottawa ( Received for p ublication October 14, 1955)~~

A so-called "2 hour" test for the detection of penicillin in milk sh owed no advantage over the regular disc assa y procedure. Se n sitivity of the latter test was increased by ( 1) reducing to 4 mi. the volume of seeded agar per plate, (2 ) refrigerating "planted" plates for 2-6 hours, (3 ) ovoid i:l g ove rnight incuba tion a t 37° C, and (4) using the larger (0.5 in .) ,:; ope r discs. Dornbush's disc a ssa y procedure us ing B. cereus for d otecting aureomycin was also found to be less sensitive than c:oimed. Zones of inh ibition were less sharply defined t han with penic illin. A spore suspension was successfu lly substituted fo r a broth culture here. The methylene blue reduction type of test s howed good sen sitivity in detecting aureomycin. B. cereus W3S mo re sensitive than B mesentericus, and broth cultures more than spore su~pe n sio ns .

The urgent need for a rapid test for residual anti biotics in milk is widely recognized. Most published tests are too time-consuming to b e of much value in the dairy plant. Recently ( 3), a modified agar Dr. C. K. Johns has been a member of the Bacteriology claimed to reduce to 2 hours diffusion method was Divis ion, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, On or less the time required for detection of penicillin in tario, since 1927. In 1953 he was appointed Officer-in milk. In this procedure, plates w ere poured with 15 Charge of th e new Dairy Technology H. esearch Unit ml. of pen assay seed agar ( Difco) seeded with a there. A graduate of the University of Alberta, l1 e obtained i\llcGill University and his Ph.D. from Wis spore suspension of Bacillus subt-ilis, inverted and his M.Sc. from consin. He served 3> President of the I.A.M.F.S. in 1934- , then stored in a refrigerator incubated for 2 )~ hours 35, and was honored with the Citation Award in 1954. until needed. To test for penicillin, sterile )~ inch fil ter paper discs were moistened with the milk by freshly poured plates capillary action and then placed on the surface of ular technique ( 9), e mploying the seeded agar. It is claimed that in 2 hours or l ess and incubating for 4 hours. at 37°C, a zone of inhibition can be observed. '"'hen Since the Gogas and Bicknell procedure ( 3) calls this procedure was tried out in our laboratory, re for 15 ml. of seeded agar medium per plate, while sults were disappoit}ting. Only where freshly pre Dornbush ( 1 ), with a similar technique for detect pared plates were used was it possible to detect a in g aureomycin, recommends only 4 mi. , studies were zone of inhibition in 2 hours. "''hen previously in conducted using varying amounts of seeded agar with cubated plates were refrigerated o vernight, it was both penicillin and aureomycin. For penicillin, the not possible to make out zones of inhibition in less penassay seed agar of Gogas and Bicknell was also than 5 hours on subsequent incubation with milk compared against Bacto whey agar using Bacto Sub saturated discs. Furthermore, wi th longer refrigera tilis spore suspension B 453. A marked d ecrease in tion the value of the plates decreased steadily, and zone diameter was noted when 15 mi. quantities of after 6 days so few colonies developed that concen medium were us ed (Table 1), while on overnight trations of penicillin less than 0.2 units per ml. could in cubation large surface colonies frequently obscured not be detected with certainty, even after overnight the zones on penassay seed agar. This was noted incubation. Known concentrations of penicillin in only with the 0.25 in. discs. Growth on whey agar was milk were detected much more speedil y by the reg- slower, and no zones could be made out even after 7 hotus incubation . After 18 hours, however, definitely wider zones were found on whey agar in this experi al Series, from the Bacteriology lConb·ibution No. 399, Journ ment; in others, results were closely comparable •. Division, Science Service, Canada D t> partment of Agriculture, believes whey agar is unquestion- Ottawa. ( Kosikowsky ( 6 )

~~l l ·o~~

~~nh Co~~

~~ess ess l n n eve s s i it it ycin ycin ptom e dihydrostr To To penicillin. penicillin. to to~~

~~15 15~~

~~4 4 1 025 025 . 0 subti.li.s subti.li.s . . B than than nsitive nsitive e s less less much much is is in in eomyc ur a~~

~~± ± for for t t es t to to 18 18 used used cereus cereus ± ± B. B. 18 18 of of 05 05 . 0 strain strain e e th , , Incidentally~~

~~. . difficult~~

~~ment ment e sur ea m precise precise making making , , ubtiUs 0 0 s 2 . . B 0 0 2 10 10 10 10 125 125 . 0~~

~~with with penicillin penicillin for for e e thos e e~~

~~wer than than~~

~~defined defined rply rply ~ sh 3 3 2 12 12 23 23 2 2 1 0.25 0.25~~

~~s s les~~

~~also also~~

~~were were aureomycin aureomycin with with inhibition inhibition of of zones zones~~

~~14 14~~

~~13 13~~

~~0.5 0.5~~

~~Our Our~~

~~. . mm 5 5 . 16 to to zone zone e e th sed sed ea incr 2) 2) ( ( Dornbush Dornbush~~

~~scs scs cs cs i s d i d in. in. 5 5 . 0 in. in. 2; 2; . , , 0~~

~~ml.l ml.l hours 14 14 for for per per C C tion tion ° 37 t t (gamma (gamma a incubating incubating then then , , C ° 4 at at hours hours 4 4~~

~~h h of of on on i t i~~

~~growt b hi of of in (mm.l (mm.l e e n~~

~~concentra· concentra·~~

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~~only only~~

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~~CUBATE~~

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~~ N I~~

~~gamma gamma~~

~~0.2 0.2 THEN THEN , , PLANTING" " R R E T 2 2 AF URS URS HO FOB FOB D D E RAT GE HI F~~

~~g g~~

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~~TES TES~~

~~LA con (P milks milks :vhLK. :vhLK. on on IN IN run run re re e w AUREOMYCIN AUREOMYCIN , , OF OF sts sts ~ t ECTION ECTION occasions e e DET E E H parat T se N N I~~

~~CS CS 0.25 0.25~~

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~~IN. IN.~~

~~OF OF N N~~

~~ISO H - 3 COMPA E E L B TA six six On On d. d. e claim was was n n tha sensitive sensitive ess ess l much much was was~~

~~it it hands hands our our in in ; ; d e t appoin dis re re e w we we , , too nique, nique,~~

~~ch e t this this With With overnight. overnight. y y usuall , , C ° 37 and and ° ° 24 t t a~~

~~incubated incubated e e wer es es plat ed, ed, t an pl d d e fin e been been d y y had had harpl s t t discs discs o n in. in. e e n zo 0.25 0.25 - e e mat ti Es b~~

~~e e th r r e t Af 5. 5. o. o. us us e r ce Bacillus Bacillus es es t a of of pl strain strain duplicate duplicate of of age age special special r "Ave~~

~~a a of of e e cultur broth broth sh sh e fr a a with with~~

~~seeded seeded agar agar fusion fusion~~

~~0.025 0.025~~

~~ in rt rt ea h brain brain with with epared epared pr e e wer Plates Plates . . mycin~~

~~± ±~~

~~0.05 0.05~~

~~ameo of of ml. ml. per per gamma gamma 4 4 0.0 ct ct e det would would , , d e claim~~

~~? ?~~

~~10.25 10.25~~

~~11.25 11.25~~

~~11.5 11.5~~

~~0.125 0.125 was was it it , , which ( ( 1) 1) e e iqu echn t similar similar a a of of d d earne l we we~~

~~± ±~~

~~12.5 12.5 1952 1952 3 3 1 in in es es 13 13 studi our our of of nd nd e e 0.25 0.25 th Towards Towards omycin. omycin. e am~~

~~to to~~

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~~d d e~~

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~~difficult difficult was was~~

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~~(mm)n (mm)n of of Zone Zone Inhibition Inhibition~~

~~(gamma (gamma~~

~~This This activity. activity. r r e~~

~~start ased ased e decr for for e e responsibl was was Aureomycin Aureomycin of of~~

~~Concentration Concentration omycin omycin e aur that that d d e t ec usp s frequently frequently was was it it 4) 4) ( (~~

~~milk milk~~

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~~IN. IN.~~

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~~0.25 0.25~~

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~~u e r BY BY e C . . B OF OF Gnowni Gnowni OF OF~~

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~~HIBITIO~~

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~~seed~~

~~of of~~

~~portions portions~~

~~ml. ml. 4 4 , ,~~

~~findings~~

~~ N I OF OF E E ' ZO ZO N N O~~

~~FACTORS FACTORS~~

~~US US~~

~~\IUO r V OF OF~~

~~- 2~~

~~EFFECT EFFECT~~

~~TABLE TABLE~~

~~ese ese th of of result result a a As As . . 2) ( ( sh sh Dornbu y y b ommended ommended~~

~~rec was was e e dur e proc This This commenced. commenced. growth growth e e r efo b~~

~~nicillin nicillin e p e e th of of diffusion diffusion r r e great rmit rmit e p to to incubation incubation~~

~~- e r~~

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~~ond ond~~

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~~In mg. mg.~~

~~16.0 16.0~~

~~to to mg. mg. 3.9 3.9 1 from from d d e as e spot incr r r e t af discs discs . . e, e, r in e wh · 0.25 0.25 a a di e m both both with with d d e not also also were were~~

~~en en~~

~~t by by~~

~~d d e bsorb a milk milk of of weight weight zones zones ge ge r r e ra ave Wid e e th ; ; agar). agar). tances s seed seed y y nassa e p to to e e bl efera pr ably ably~~

~~in some some in in mm. mm. 3 3 as as much much as as r r e t e diam zone zone e e th~~

~~increased increased , , milk with with d d d d e e fin e d harg y y c e rpl tt e sha pip not not e e a a n zo of of - e e tip tip e e th Estimat c~~

~~against against s s hour 7 7 seconds seconds 20 20 after after for for it it growth growth e e bl visi holding holding no no by by - d d ) ) e to c Ba ( ( obtain r r , , aga disc e e th bWhey bWhey~~

~~of of sah1ntion sah1ntion ier ier eav H . . e o) o) t ac B ( ( advantag r r aga no no d d e se gave gave nPenassay nPenassay incubating, incubating,~~

~~e e for e b~~

~~hours hours~~

~~6 6 to to 2 2~~

~~from from~~

~~, , discs e e th~~

~~planting planting~~

~~r r e aft~~

~~9° 9° 1~~

~~° °~~

~~c c~~

~~18 18~~

~~C C 29 15 15~~

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~~tions. tions.~~

~~° ° 0 3~~

~~c c 25 33c 33c 18 18 4 4 35c 35c~~

~~.b .b A~~

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~~modifica~~

~~ral ral eve s d e t ° ° es t 14 0 0 ntly ntly e rec e e w , , thod e 20° 20° m s ' bush c c 18 15 18 18 15~~

~~17° 17°~~

~~C C l6 Dorn 21 21 of of y y t vi 23 23 nsiti e s e e 18 18 th 4 4 increasing increasing of of e e hop e e th In In~~

~~Tr. Tr. 18 18~~

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~~7 7~~

~~15 15 C C 22~~

~~. . 5 . . No cereus cereus . . B 's 's~~

~~Dornbush than than~~

~~ter ter~~

~~° ° 18~~

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~~C C 23 7 7 4 4 27c 27c~~

~~.n .n S.A .~~

~~ t e~~

~~b appreciably appreciably was was one one not not y, y, l e Unfortunat isolated. isolated.~~

~~05 05 .~~

~~0.1 0.1~~

~~0.25 0.25~~

~~0.5 0.5~~

~~l l . s r~~

~~(h (ml.l (ml.l ium ium ed \J i ad ad~~

~~h e e h ria ria e bact of of ains ains tr s d d e ct e l e s 13 13 on on vision vision Di this this~~

~~dicated dicated~~

~~k k l~~

~~mi ·s ·s a n n . i ml.l ml.l per per~~

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~~plate plate~~

~~of of~~

~~kin kin r r e~~

~~Land B. B. . . G~~

~~y y b Ir. Ir. ~ ~ run run~~

~~were were~~

~~sts sts e~~

~~, , 5) ( (~~

~~cillin cillin~~

~~illin illin c ni e p of of on on i concentrat sed sed u ca by by tion tion per per~~

~~(mm.l (mm.l growth growth ni e of of p n n o did did inhibiti an an th of of y y · · l e Zone Zone r e Incuba sev e e ume ume l Vo mor much much organisms organisms starter starter~~

~~tic tic c la~~

~~inhibit inhibit to to found found~~

~~had had~~

~~e e w~~

~~which which~~

~~omycin, omycin, e am~~

~~) ) G. ° 37 AT AT G G TIN CUBA IN D D N \ .· S S SC DI . .~~

~~N I~~

~~for for~~

~~organism organism~~

~~cator cator~~

~~indi e e~~

~~nsitiv~~

~~e s~~

~~e e~~

~~mor~~

~~a a 5 5~~

~~king king ee S~~

~~WITH WITH NG" NG" PLANTI " 21 21 BEFORE BEFORE s s n u Ho OR OR ' l EFHIGERATlON EFHIGERATlON R~~

~~, , G~~

~~° 7 3 • •~~

~~THE 2.5 2.5 AT AT HoURS HoURS OB OB F ION ION T BA NCU I Y Y~~

~~\'UNAR l~~

~~(PRELl~~

~~ml. ml. r r e p gamma gamma 2 2~~

~~S11btilis S11btilis PENICILLL'I PENICILLL'I B. B. BY BY~~

~~OF OF~~

~~TH TH~~

~~GROW OF OF o, o, tn Narn l~~

~~with with d d e~~

~~obtain~~

~~being being~~

~~inhibition inhibition~~

~~of of~~

~~e e~~

~~on z~~

~~no no~~

~~e, e,~~

~~nsitiv e s~~

~~OF OF ZONE ZONE ON ON TORS TORS C fA V V US US O O l AR OF OF T T C EFFE - 1 THE THE TABLE TABLE~~

~~15 15~~

ANTIBIOTICS ANTIBIOTICS OF OF TIO TIO NA :t :t :DETERML 16 DETERMINATIO J OF ANTIDIOTICS Mesen 2) and decreased TABLE 4 - CoMPAIUsON OF BROTH CuLTURES OF B. duced the zone diameter (Table RSEN TEsT tericus ;'u'ID B. Cereus JN THE SCI~ITPPER AND PETE one. After overnight incubation zone clarity of the z (J UNE 7, 1955) size was also sharply reduced. Substitution of the 0.5 in. disc for the 0.25 in. greatly increased the sen Conce ntration of aureomyci.J1 in conditions ( Table 3) con ce t·eusiJ sitivity. Under optimum milk n. mesentericusa .13. centrations as low as 0.025 gamma per ml. were de (gamma per mU 4C 5c 5}1c 4c Sc S0 c inst 0.125 gamma tected with the larger disc as aga 0.05 90%Rd 95%R the smaller. per ml. with 0.04 75%R 98%R 98%R to the use of Dornbush's test is that One d.r[n.vback 0.03 75%R 98%R 98%R it requires a fresh broth culture of the test organism. 0.02 75%R 98%R 98%R 90%R 98%R Unless such a culture is available, there is a delay 00.01 95%R 98%R 98%R 90%R 99% R of at least one day before the test can be made. To %R 98%R 99%R R a void this, a spore suspension was prepared from O.Q 98%R 98%R 98 at 30°C for 5 days. a culture grown on nutrient agar "40 x 106/ ml. The growth was washed off with physiological saline, 042 x 106/ ml. centrifuged at 1500-2000 r.p.m. for 5 minutes, and 0 Homs incubated .a t 07° C tion of methylene blue the supernatant drawn off. VVashing and centrifuging d%R = percent 1·educ were repeated 3 times. The s pores were then sus 10 OF B. pended in ca 15 ml. of saline, heated to 75°C for TABLE 5 - ColVll'A~HISON OF SPOHE SusPENSIONS PETERSEN minutes, cooled to room temperature and further Mesentericus AND B. Cereus lN ScHIPPER AND , 1955) diluted with physiological saline to give a turbidity TEST (JuNE 15 electric reading of 0.310 by a Klett-Sommerson photo A ureomycin er. This represents ca concentra tion B. mesentericusn n. cereusb colorimeter, using a No. 54 filt 6c (gamma per mU Sc 5Yic 6C 5c 5)/,c 70,000,000 spores per ml. The suspension was held at 0%R.roulcl be prolonged beyqnd 5 hours ~. Replicate t r;!~ ts with spore a s ignificant

~~unofficial unofficial s t andards. andards. port port r e pr ese nts. nts.~~

~~on on th e e Comm itt ee ee who who h ave ave clon e e th e e work work which which th i s s r e th e re re is is st ill ill considerab l e e va riation riation in in both both l ega l l and and~~

~~th e e Chairm a n n~~

~~w i shes shes to to~~

~~n vey vey~~

~~h i s s wa~~

~~r m~~

~~es t t th~~

~~anks anks~~

~~to to~~

~~ll ll~~

~~Ordinanc e e and and Cod e. e. Progr es s s is is b e ing ing mad e e but but~~

~~Parti c ul a rl y y s in c -e -e h e e i s s r e linqui shing shing th e e Ch a irm a n sh i p , ,~~

~~have have a dopt e d d th e e U. U. S. S. Pub li c c H ea lth lth S e r v i ce ce Mi lk lk~~

~~AcK N O\VLED C E i'. r ENT ENT~~

~~es t a bli s h ed ed b y y a a numb er er of of stat es. es. N um e rou s s citi es es~~

~~dard s s for for coliform coliform or ga nisms nisms are are b eing eing considered considered a nd nd~~

~~ods ods and and unif o rmit y y of of standards. standards.~~

~~Th e e r es ults ults of of thi s s survey survey indicat e e that that l ega l l stan~~

~~m e nts nts r ece i ved , , esp e cia ll y y in in th e e a r e a a of of t es ti ng ng m e th~~

~~by by th e e~~

~~commi tt ee ee~~

~~efo~~

~~r e e th~~

~~ey ey~~

~~are are summar~~

~~i zed~~

~~. .~~

~~Committ ee ee s hould hould b e e continued continued to to co n si d e r r th e e com ~~

~~s urv ey . . Th ese ese comments comments will will r equi r e e further further s tud y y wou ld ld app It It ea r r that that th e e s tudi es es of of this this Sub~~

~~Conhnu e d d from from P age age 1 3 3~~

~~METHODS-1955 METHODS-1955~~

~~REPORT REPORT OF OF THE THE COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ON ON APPLIED APPLIED l ABORATORY ABORATORY~~

~~2. 2. Dornbu s h , , A. A. C . . Private Private co mmuni ca tion , , Jun e e 2, 2, 1953 . . T ec hn o !. , , 1 20- 15 : : 1 24 , , 137. 137. 1952 . .~~

~~Dornbu s h , , l. l. A. A. C . .~~

~~Priv a t e e comm uni ca ti on , , D ec. ec. 26 , , 1 952 . . in g g of of in hibi J. J. tory tory s ub s tan ces ces in in mi l k. k. ;o. tfii k k a nd nd Food Food~~

~~REFERENCES REFERENCES 9. 9. Sil ve rm a n , , G. G. ]. ]. a nd nd Ko s i kowsky , , F. F. V. V. Sy s tematic tematic t e s t~~

~~(5 6 ) ) 475 - 478. 478. 1954. 1954.~~

~~b y y u se se of of m e th y l e n e e blu e e mi N lk D . . . ., ., A m. m. f or or J a a . . c V ultur e t. t. e e R e of of m se esente : u c h h ri c u s s 15 B. B. : : No. No. 11 8. 8.~~

8. 8. Schipp e r , , A . . and and I. I. P e t e r se n A. A. , , E. E. W. W. Schipp I. I. A e r ssay ssay , , No of of rth rth a ntibioti D ako t a a cs cs Ag ri c ultur a l l Co ll ege, ege, Fargo , ,

~~1951. 1951. cereus cereus No B. B. . . 5 5 and and a a s uppl y y of of aur eo mycin , , a nd nd t o o Dr. Dr.~~

in in milk milk b y y u se se method method of of m e thyl of of assay e n e e ing ing blu e . . aur V eo e t . . m yc :V I in ed., ed., , , as as 4 6: 6: w e 222-224. 222-224. ll ll as as for for c a ultur e e of of

7. 7. S c hipp I. I. e r , , A. A. a nd nd P e t e r se L n aborator , , E. E. i es, es, A ssay ssay P e ar \ ¥ of of l l . . Riv a ur eo er, er, m N. N. yc in in Y., Y., for for th e e d e scrip ti on on of of his his

~~1953. 1953. Th e e au th ors ors are are ind e bted bted t o o Dr. Dr. A. A. C. C. Dornbush, Dornbush, L e d e rl e e~~

~~6 . . Kosikowsky, Kosikowsky, F. F. V. V. Pr i v at e e comm un ic : 1tion , , :Vlar c h h 1 4 , , ACKNOWLEDGMENT ACKNOWLEDGMENT~~

~~t o o a ntibioti cs. cs. J. J. Dair y y Sci . , , 36: 36: 1241-12 47 . . 1 953 . .~~

~~5. 5. J~~

~~o K. K. hn~~

~~s, s,~~

~~C. C.~~

~~D i ff e r e n ces ces in in s e n s it i v i ty ty of of l ac ti c c s~~

~~ta rt e r s s s um ei' s s of of milk milk by by small small concentra ti ons ons of of an tibi otics. otics.~~

~~produ~~

~~c tion. tion. .T . . Can. Can. Agr i c . . Sc i e n ce, ce, 33: 33: 5 3 6- 5 92. 92. 1953. 1953.~~

~~view view of of~~

~~e e dang~~

~~r r of of~~

~~sensi~~

~~tiz ation ation~~

~~of of~~

~~human human~~

~~con~~

~~4 J . olms, olms, C. C. K. K. Substan~~

~~ces ces~~

~~in in~~

~~h er d d milk~~

~~s s~~

~~inh i biting biting~~

~~acid acid~~

~~m i ght ght b e e looked looked for for from from th e e m e dical dical prof ess ion , , in in~~

~~p e ni c ill in in in in mlik . . :V lil k k P l a nt nt ;o, t [ onth l y, y, 4 2: 2: ( 2 ) ) 26-28. 26-28. 3 195 . .~~

~~e agerly agerly accepted. accepted. Som e e suppor t t for for such such a a propo sa l l 3. 3. Gogas , , ' "' ' · · a nd nd B i c kn e ll , , A. A. K. K. Th e e d e t e rmin a tion tion of of~~

17 17 DETERMI NATI O N N OF OF ANTIBIOTI C S S 18 AFFILIATES OF Director& : Frank . Ball ...... Newport Tom Corum ...... Madisonville International Association of Milk and Food Sanitarians J. W. Durbin ...... Louisville AMERICAN INDIAN SANITARIANS Directors: Glenn Leach ...... Frank:fort AssociATION J. H . Baker ...... Ft. Pierce J. J. Summe ...... Covington W. A. Krienke ...... Gainesville T . R. Freeman (ex-officio) Pres., Joseph Medina .... Bernallilo, N . M...... Lexington 1st. Vice-Pres., Thomas J. Stevens J. D. Robinson ...... Plant City ...... Packer, Arizona J. S. Massey ...... Pensacola MicHIGAN AssociATION oF 2nd. Vice-Pres., John Adams L. A. Scribner ...... Orlando SANITARIANS ...... Dodson, Montana Laboratory Section Chairman: Mary F . Pres., Dale Brooks ...... Flint Sec.-Treas., Frank C. Estes Schmoker, Borden's Dairy, Orlando 1st. Vice-Pres,, Dr. Clyde K. Smith ...... Sisseton, South Dakota ...... E. Lansing Auditor: Verlyn Owen GEORGIA CHAPTER OF THE 2ncl. Vice-Pms., Orville Nelson ...... Rosebud, South Dakota INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF Mn,K ...... :...... Rockford AND FooD SANITARIANS, INc. Sec.-T1·eas., Robert Lyons, Lansing-Ing ARIZONA ASSOClATION OF ?ms. Gamett DeHmt, ...... :Macon ham County Health Dept., City Hall, MILK AND FooD SANITARIANs 'l ice-Pres. Raymond Swm11 erlin ...... Room 207, Lansing. Pres., Claude C. Cox ...... Cave Creek ...... Swainsboro Directors: Pres.-Elect, George R. Griffin ...... Douglas Sr:.c .-Tm as . J. ]. Sheuring ...... Athens Past Pres., Clifford Bracy...... Lansing Sec.-T1·eas., Henry Ware, 2237 N. 14th Boarcl of DirectoTs: William Wade ...... Flint Place, Phoenix. N. E . Region .... Charles Bryant, R. T. Paulas ...... Breckenridge Executive Board Winder Kennetl1 Kerr ...... Grand Rapids Glen C. Lester T. \ V. Region .... Eico Morris, Atlanta Emerson Teal ...... Romeo John W. Beakley Central Region .... O. B. D avis Harold Skeoch ...... Coral L aGrange MINNESOTA MILK SANITARIANS AssociATED ILLINOIS MILK SANITARIANs S. \V. Region .... R. 0. Duitman, AssociATION Pres., C. A. Ahele ...... c. •.... Albany Evanston PTes. , E. C. Omundson ...... Albert Lea Pres.-Elect, Harry Cohen ...... Chicago S. E. Region .... C. C. Russell, Vice-Pres., ]. J. Jezeski ...... St. Paul First Vice-Pres., Paul N. Hanger Waycross Sec. -T-reas., G. H. Steele, Minnes ota ...... Springfield Dep artment of Agricultme, 515 Sec., Vice-Pres., William H . Anderson IDAHO SANITARIANS AssociATION State Office Builcbng, St. Paul, ...... Chicago P.,-es .. C. J. Hammond ...... Boise 1st Vice-Pres., Orlando Dalke ...... Boise :'vlinnesota Sec.-T1·eas., P. Edward Riley, 1800 W . '.J-irectors: Fillmore St., Chicago, Sec.-T1·eas ., C. E. Cotton, Idaho Dept., Ill. H erman Birdsall ...... St. Paul Sergeant-At-Arms, Harold Jensen Public Health, Box 640, Boise :'vl erton H ead ...... Albert L ea ...... Winnetka Atlditors: INDIANA ASSOCIATION OF Ches ter Ness ...... Litchfi eld MILK AND FooD SANITARIANs R. A. Novak ...... New Ulm James H . Davis ...... Rockford 0. 'v.l. Osten ...... St. Paul Louis W. Pickles ...... Peoria Pres., William Geller ...... Ft. V\'ayne Pres.-Elect, Edmund H. Stoy, Alfr ed Ratzlaff ...... Rochester CALIFORNIA Assoc iATION oF DArnY ...... New Albany ivlrsso_uru ASSOCIATION OF MILK AND AND ]VfiLK SANITARIANS 1st Vice-Pres., David E. Hartley FooD SANITARIANs P1-es., Saul Gauvrin, City of L. A...... Indianapolis Pres., Marvin Campbell, Cape Girardeau 1st-Vice- PTes., E. R. Eickner, Sta te 2ncl Vice-Pres., William Komenick Vice-Pres., Bernie Hartman, Kansas City Agri cultme ...... Gary Sec.-T1·eas., John H . McCutcher, Mo. 2nd-Vice-Pres., \ill . WedeiJ, Riverside Sec., Karl K. Jones, 1330 W . Michigan State H ealth Dept., Jefferson, City, County St., Indianapolis Mo. Sec.-T1·eas., Elmo :VI oen, County of L. A. Treas., Harold S. Adams ...... Indianapolis Auditors: Auditors : A11clitnrs : Calvin B. Ages ...... St. Louh Bernard Pfaff, Orange County G. D . Elliot ...... Muncie Paul W. Klusmeyer .... Jefferson City James T. Johnson T . Therp, Santa Clara County ...... Muncie NEw YoRK STATE AssociATION OF Regional Officers: MILK SANITARIANS U. H art, Yolo County IowA ASSOCIATION OF MILK SANITARIANS P·res., James C. White ...... Ithaca H. Sartori, State Department of P1·es.-Elect, George H. Hopson .. .. Pres., Bill Reed ...... Agri culture Mason City ...... Poughkeepsie Vice-Pres., Burton Haglan, Cedar Rapids Sec.-Tmas., C. V\1. W eber, 18 Dove St., CoNNECTicuT AssqciATION oF ~ec.-Treas . , Ray Belknap, State Dept. of DAIHY & MILK SANITARIANS Albany 6, New York. H ealth, D es Moines, Ia. Members of the Board: hes. . S. A. Washburn ...... Cheshire Executive Board Fred E. Uetz ...... Vice-Pres., G. E . Sartain ...... Windsor Dr. M. P. Baker ...... Ames Brooklyn William Skinn Sec., l-. . Clifford Goslee, Carlyle Cunningham .... D es Moines 0 . er .... White Plains ...... 256 Palm St., Hartford Robert V\1. Metzger ...... Sycracuse Walter H. Treas., Curti' W. Chaffee...... Hartford KANSAS AssociATION OF MILK Grunge .... New York City SANITARIANS OREGON AssociATION oF MILK DArnY SANITA.HIANS AssOCIATION OF Pres., John Mullinix ...... Kansas City SANITARIANS THE DEL-MAn-VA PENINSUAL 1st. Vice Pres., Kenneth Pms., Ross Coleman ...... Salem Pres., William R-,,.,, :·.lrt ...... Dover, Tichnor, Topeka Del. V·ice-Pres., Roy Stein ...... C01· vallis Vice-Pres., Stephen Racz 2nd Vice Pres., Dean Duke ...... Marion Sec.-Tm as., Archie 1vliner, 568 Olive ...... Sec.-Treas., FrankL. Kelley, Goldsboro, Md. Kansas State Street, Eugene, Oregon Sec., Dr. Harry G. Board , Eugene Ricker, Jr. of Health, Topeka F armers Creamery ...... Rehoboth Beach , Box 72, Del. Auditors: Directors Treas., R. J. Weaver...... Oxford, Pa. Sam Hoover ...... Junction City Spencer GEorge ...... Tillamook FLORIDA ASSOCIATION ')F MILK DaYid Monk ...... Wichita Kenneth Carl ...... Salem AND FooD SANITARL>\Ns KENTUCKY AssociATION oF MILK PENNSYLVANIA DAIHY SANITARIANS Pres. , H . H . Rothe ...... Gainesville AND FooD SANITARIANs AssociATION Vice-Pres., S. 0 . Noles ...... Jacksonville Pres., H. L . De Lozier...... Louisville Pres., Clarence :\1oss ...... Philadelphia Sec.-Treas., H. H. Wilkowske, Dept. of Vice-Pres., Louis E. Smith ...... Louisville V·ice-Pres., W alter E. Arnold .. Vanderbilt Dairy Science Univ. of Florida, Sec.-Treas::,. H. B. Morrison, Dairy Sec- Sec., William H. Boyd, P. 0. Box 80, Gainesville. tion, univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, Huntingdon, Pa. Past Pres., C. 0. Stoy ...... Miami ICy. Treas., Clark D. H erbster, .. Selinsgrove

~~g. g. Penn- , , idin es pr Philadelphia ntworth ntworth , , e l l V Corporation Cream Cream ce ce I eyer eyer Br~~

~~J. J. President President with with e e th rs rs e k of of spea e e E. E. th Roberts Roberts of of . . Mr Then Then presentation presentation . . e e e th titut s by by In e e th of of work work~~

~~and and followed followed es, es, tiv eon eon ec h c obj lun , , nd nd a histmy riod riod the the e p l ew ew a i revi soc a a will will th th wi who who in in eg b York York~~

~~will will ew ew , , y, y, t field Ci tional tional York York ca w w du e , e e th from from Company e e peopl Borden Borden e e nd nd Th a of of ves, ves, ti a t worth worth~~

~~vV. vV. esen r Went ep r A. A. y y , , industr nt e s, s, l a presid offici Institute's Institute's e e regulatory regulatory th to to e e b g g tin will will es r e t on on n i n n~~

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~~rs. rs. e mb e m for for meeting meeting ess ess busin ral ral gene a a and and gs gs tin mee , g. g. turin c manufa~~

~~ee ee itt comm to to devoted devoted e e b will will session session morning morning e e Th for for cream cream and and milk milk to to d d e li app ey ey th as as particularly particularly~~

~~. . g tin ee m e e th at at distribution distribution for for available available be be uld uld sho , , rate e op ey ey th which which er er und tions tions a ul eg r e e th presented presented~~

~~Manual, Manual, ting ting era Op e e th and and , , nt e m e Stat l l Genera the the mid-west mid-west d d an t t eas north e e h t from from officials officials y y ulator~~

~~; ; parts two two in in is is which which publication publication e e th of of es es i Cop eg r when when gs gs tin mee annual annual two two t t as l e's e's Institut e e th to to~~

~~". ".~~

~~Manufacturing~~

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~~of of Production Production y y Sanitar e e th for for Requirements Requirements " e e th of of~~

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~~ments ments~~

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~~rnoon rnoon e aft e e th for for speaker speaker l l fina e e th e e b will will th th l Hea of of~~

~~intro~~

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~~Institut~~

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~~of of work work e e th atures atures e f it it rtment rtment epa D e e t Sta York York New New , , tion ec S ation ation t Sani nt nt a~~

~~as as significance significance ar ar ul c rti a p of of s s i r yea this this Restaur nd nd a meeting meeting Milk Milk of of Chief Chief Stalbird, Stalbird, A. A. es es m a J Mr. Mr.~~

~~publication. publication. e e th in in presented presented quirements quirements e r The The rk. rk. Yo w w e , , ity C York York w w e e, e, Commodor l l e Hot~~

~~operating operating~~

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~~e e th of of Ballroom Ballroom West West e e th in in 1956 1956 , , 16 y y bruar e F y, y, da~~

~~e e h t of of discussion discussion a a with with ow ow ll fo will will tts tts e lassachus \t l~~

~~Thurs on on d d l e h e e b will will . . Inc e, e, t~~

~~Institu nt nt~~

~~veme~~

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~~, , Boston , , Sons Hood Hood P. P. H. H. of of & & y y Fa C. C. A. A. . .~~

~~and and~~

~~Products Products airy airy D e e th of of g g tin Mee Annual Annual Ninth Ninth e e Th~~

~~Manufacturing" Manufacturing" for for Milk Milk and and Cream, Cream, Sweet Sweet of of n n tio~~

~~TE TE U STIT IN NT NT IMPROVEME PRODUCTS PRODUCTS Produc y y Sanitar e e th for for ts ts emen quir e R " e e th ying ying rl e d~~

~~DAIRY DAIRY ING ING EET M ANNUAL ANNUAL NINTH NINTH un es es ici l po nd nd a es es principl e e th uss uss sc di will will ia ia van l sy~~

~~EVENTS EVENTS RND RND NEWS NEWS~~

Madison Madison ...... rt rt e b l Ca E. E. , , . Harold Harold Pres Past Past e e ill oxv n K ...... ey ey dl e M . . B Raymond Raymond .. .. Austin Austin ...... Evans Evans . . H . . D ar; ar; e y One One

~~dsburg dsburg ee R ...... Noth Noth vin vin l A e e ill v h Nas ...... Carl Carl T. T. m·tin m·tin f t ~ Springs Springs Big Big .. .. Fox Fox M. M. e e ; ; Lig ars e y Two Two~~

~~o o n Shawa ...... Judd Judd T. T. es es Jam ditors: ditors: u A Abilene Abilene .. .. .' .' ......~~

~~s s r cto Dim Kingsport Kingsport Street, Street, Catawba Catawba Clarkson Clarkson W. W. ; ; W. W. rs ea y Three Three~~

~~1321 1321 , , Smith enn enn l G r r e m l , , . E eas r · .-T Sec vVisconsin. vVisconsin. n, n, o Madis , , in s Council: Council: n n o ti ec S~~

~~n n e d es Dr ...... Wiscon as as of of ll a v. v. D ni ...... U ..... , , Bldg. Williams Williams C. C. emistry emistry Ch , , y Henry Henry ecretar S~~

~~y y r e m go Mont P. P. , , John John t ec l ms.-E P 421 421 own. own. ew ew Br Longvi Vayne Vayne ' ...... s s i ew as., as., L e e e Tr Jo . . L. L. Sec Chairman, Chairman, ce- Vi~~

~~boro boro es n o J ...... n n o t ea S C. C. E. E. es., es., r · P a a n a Corsic Kiel Kiel ...... Gaillard Gaillard ...... ta ta r r e e h s Lor i F e e Chairman, Chairman, tt e Burd L. L.~~

~~t t ec l E es. es. r P and and , , . es r · P ce- i · V ANITARIANS ANITARIANS S AssociATION AssociATION EALTH EALTH H~~

~~OF OF AssOCIATION AssOCIATION TENNESSEE TENNESSEE orn orn lkh E ...... PUBLIC PUBLIC Keown Keown EXAS EXAS T t t ober ECTION ECTION R S Pres., Pres., . . 1 :\ ATION ATION SANIT~~

~~s s~~

~~ll Fa~~

~~Sioux Sioux ...... TION TION Assocu Assocu~~

~~. . b e N Omaha, Omaha, ......~~

~~......~~

~~yn yn e em ll Ka Ray Ray , , r e b em m d d e t ec El SANITARIANS SANITARIANS Mn.K Mn.K WISCONSIN WISCONSIN~~

~~ton ton e Templ . . F Hugh Hugh~~

~~Spea1·fish Spea1·fish ...... Haai Haai e D a a Ir , , . es Pr Past Past~~

~~. . Wyo idan, idan, er Sh ......~~

~~d d r · Boa tive tive . u ec x E~~

~~shington'. shington'. a W~~

~~n n se Rasmus B. B. Carl Carl~~

~~e e~~

~~rr e~~

~~Pi , , lth ea H~~

~~, , 4 ttle ttle , ,~~

~~ea 52 S~~

~~r r~~

~~rminal, rminal,~~

~~Ferry Ferry Auditors: Auditors:~~

~~of of pt. pt.~~

~~e D e e~~

~~t a t~~

~~S s, s,~~

~~Evan A. A. T. T. , , . eas r · T Sec.-~~

~~125 125~~

~~Room Room~~

~~ews, ews,~~

~~Andr~~

~~George George~~

~~eas., eas.,~~

~~Tr Sec.-~~

~~. . Colo , , r e Denv t, t, e Stre Holly Holly South South~~

~~e e~~

~~Pierr ......~~

~~oran oran ll a~~

~~es es~~

~~rl a t. t. Ch ec l E - . es Pr~~

~~llingham llingham e B~~

~~......~~

~~.....~~

~~......~~

~~3298 3298 ' Stevenson, Stevenson, G. G. r r e , , . Pet -Treas . Sec~~

~~Aberdeen Aberdeen ......~~

~~d d Froilan d d r a , , How es. Pr~~

~~or or Conn ' O Mike Mike . . R . . , , C -Elect . Pres Colorado Colorado r, r, enve D ......~~

~~SANITARIANS SANITARIANS OF OF e e ttl ea S ...... burg burg en Old . . J W. W. es., es., Pr Polzen Polzen E. E. m m a Willi Vice-Pres., Vice-Pres., 2nd 2nd~~

~~N N O AssociATI~~

~~DAKOTA DAKOTA SoUTH SoUTH exico exico M New New e, e, Albuquerqu ...... AssociATION AssociATION~~

~~ll ll e St W. W. Wayne Wayne es., es., Pr ce- Vi 1st 1st SANITARIANS SANITARIANS Mn.K Mn.K WASHINGTON WASHINGTON Manning Manning ...... owe owe R I. I. E. E.~~

~~Utah Utah ty, ty, i C e e Lak lt lt a S ...... y y Conwa ...... Vincent Vincent W. W. W. W.~~

~~kisson kisson s Ho . . A Wiliam Wiliam~~

~~Dr. Dr.~~

~~Elect, Elect, -~~

~~Pres.~~

~~Orangeburg Orangeburg ...... Still Still P. P. . . J~~

~~Petersburg Petersburg ...... rson rson e Hutch . . R S. S.~~

~~Wyo. Wyo. Casper, Casper, ...... Iiams Iiams~~

~~., ., Ray Ray~~

~~l'res~~

~~nd nd a l e Ridg ...... McCormack McCormack . . R L. L. nd nd chmo Ri ...... son son r effe J . . W M. M.~~

~~nion nion U ...... Comer Comer F. F. R. R. NS NS SANITARIA Foon Foon AND AND Mn.x Mn.x OF OF ors: ors: udit A~~

~~Spartanburg Spartanburg ...... Kay Kay . . A . . R AssociATION AssociATION MoUNTAIN MoUNTAIN RocKY RocKY~~

~~. . Mich Arbor, Arbor, Ann Ann , , 6 No. No. Apt. Apt.~~

~~Di1·ectors: Di1·ectors:~~

~~, , Ave. Forest Forest 621 621 Pais, Pais, A. A.~~

~~A. A. s., s., .-Tma~~

~~ec S~~

~~k k Varwk '~~

~~h h~~

~~wic~~

~~ee r , , G~~

~~nu~~~

~~. . Carolina Carolina th th ou S~~

~~e e~~

~~Danvi .. .. .~~

~~......~~

~~8 8 1S , ,~~

~~n o ti Associa Quality Quality lk lk ![i ~ a, a, Columbi , , Station s s Point e e Fiv 5302, 5302,~~

~~e e Phillipp~~

~~H. H.~~

~~. .~~

~~es., es.,~~

~~Vice Vice~~

~~2nd. 2nd.~~

~~R. R. , , y r I. I. Par . . M , , DL DL . s a ·e H. H. -T1 ec. S x x Bo . . 0 P. P. Harrell, Harrell, W. W. , , . C. C. Sec.-Treas~~

ke ke ano Ro ...... Cook. Cook. , , M. M. K. K. Pres. Vice Vice 1st. 1st. ce ce n e id Prov ...... n n a l Boy . . P ., ., V. V. Vice-Pns Columbia Columbia ...... erson erson nd A . . P T. T. res., res., -P Vice

~~J. J. nce nce e Provid . . . Jr. Jr. , , Grennan T. T. , , . DL DL es a a Pr lumbi o C ...... Corley Corley E. E. C. C. es., es., Pr Woodstock Woodstock ...... Whitmore Whitmore . . P ., ., W. W. Pres~~

~~SANITARIANs SANITARIANs Foon Foon DAIRY DAIRY OF OF NC. NC. I , , SANITARIANS AND AND SANITARIANS SANITARIANS Foon Foon AND AND~~

~~AssociATION AssociATION AND AND oF oF IsL E E RHOD AssociATION AssociATION CAROLINA CAROLINA Sou'IH Sou'IH Mn.x Mn.x oF oF AssociATION AssociATION VIRGINIA VIRGINIA~~

~~19 19 r r 20 NEws AND EvENTS~~

PROFESSOR H. G. LINDQUIST, UNIVERSITY OF it will make colder, more refreshing milk more easily MASSACHUSETTS, DIES SUDDENLY available without messy empty bottles and cartons. Friends will be saddened to learn of the death of And she'll have more room in her refrigerator, too. Professor H arry G. Lindquist on Thursday, D ecem Routemen will build business with less work an ber 1, 1955, following a heart attack. Professor Lind the resultant increased sales will please both the 0, 1895, son quist was born in Holden, J\tlass., July 3 dairies and the producers. Olaf and Mary ( Sluibelius ) Lindquist. of the late The newest addition to the kitchen is an attractive, r Lindquist entered the U niversity of Massa Professo compact unit 30J.l inches high, 25J.l inches wide and chusetts in September, 1916. His college education 15 J~ inches deep. It can b e placed on a counter top, was interrupted b y ·world V/ar I, after which he set on any table or it can be built into the wall. completed his requirements for his B.S. degree in The dispenser is finished in a white baked enamel 1922. His Master of Science degree was earned in exterior and stainless steel interior. The unit is com 1924 at the U niversity of Maryland, vvhere he was pletely sanitary and built according to accepted full-time staff member dming the following year. sanitarians' specifications. Prior to coming to the U niversity of Massachusetts outlet will operate in 1927, he spent two years at Ohio State University A standard 110 volt electrical unit keeps milk as graduate assistant. the dispenser. A silent refrigeration Because of his keen interest in teaching and re at a constant 35 degree temperatme. search, he leaves a host of friends among his fanner The dispenser holds two standard 12 quart con students and professional associates in the United tainers and milk can be kept fresh for longer periods States, as well as among the dairy plant operators than in smaller containers. A single valve and pouring in New England. H e was active in the affairs of the spout aerates the milk as it is dispensed. Massachusetts Milk Inspectors' Association and has According to L. F. Norris, president of Norris served as their president and program chairman. H e Dispensers, Inc., the new home dispenser unit will was past high priest of Amherst Chapter, Royal Arch enable families who consume just a little more than y Science Masons a member of the American Dair an average amount of milk to enjoy colder, more re Milk and Association, and International Association freshing milk at a flip of the wrist. arians, Inc. Food Sanit The home milk dispenser will be serviced by routemen who will merely place a full sanitary dis penser can into the unit on each delivery date. The housewife won't have to touch the machine except for switching a simple mechanism that transfers the flow from one can to another when empty. Some dairies have a lready expressed interest in the machine by tentatively planning to place them in homes of regular customers and eliminating regular delivery of smaller packaged units. The unit will soon be placed in mass production and offered to the dairy industry for supplying to regular customers.

PENNSAL T ADVANCES STONOGA Benjamin Stonoga, sales r epresentative of the Penn sylvania Salt Manufach1ring Company's B-K d epart ment has been named sales supervisor of the com pany's southwest territory, sales m anager C. E. Brook NEW HOME KITCHEN MILK DISPENSER er has announced. A milk dispenser for use in the home kitchen has Mr. Stonoga is a graduate of the University of been announced by Norris Dispensers, Inc., Minne .:viassachusetts where he majored in chemistry and re lopment of the commercial apolis, pioneers in the deve ceived specialized training in bacteriology and food become so popular in restaurants, models that have technology. schools and other public eating places. Prior to joining the Pennsalt organization in 1954, The new home dispenser will be welcomed b y Mr. Stonoga was associated with the Utility Chemical housewives, driver-salesmen, dairy operators and dairy Company, Paterson, N. J., as sales manager. H e has farmers alike. Mrs. Housewife will like it because ------'*

~~Association. Association. a a t so e discussed discussed Minn and and e e th of of State State . . e e eas th -Tr c. e S e, e, l ee St throughout throughout labs labs dairy dairy h h wit on on~~

H. H. G. G. with with ion ion scuss di earnest earnest carrrying carrrying in in en en be Adams Adams have have S. S. ey ey H. H. th sident sident e r which which P , , program certification certification

~~y y laborator e e th reviewed reviewed committee committee The The presiding. presiding.~~

~~Crews Crews Frank Frank Dr. Dr. Chairman Chairman with with Seattle Seattle in in 20th 20th er er b~~

~~v v Octo on on met met Ass'n Ass'n Sanitarian's Sanitarian's Milk Milk ashington ashington e e th~~

~~of of Committee Committee Advisory Advisory Methods Methods Laboratory Laboratory The The~~

~~D D L HE ING ING EET M OMMITTEE OMMITTEE C DVISORY DVISORY A~~

~~HODS HODS T ME ORY ORY T ORA B LA STATE STATE INGTON INGTON H S A W~~

~~r. r. yea t t ex n ty ty ci convention convention~~

~~e e th e e b will will C. C. . . B , , Vancouver that that d d ce nnoun a has has~~

~~and and year year coming coming e e th for for Foundation Foundation e e th of of nt nt eside pr~~

~~as as elected elected was was , , Burlington Association, Association, s s ' en m y Dair~~

~~County County Skagit Skagit e e th of of Manager Manager , , Cornelius Phil Phil~~

~~Planning." Planning." our our in in se se Purpo utting utting "P was was message message~~

~~whose whose V/ashington V/ashington of of State State e e th of of Governor Governor Langlie, Langlie,~~

~~B. B. Arthur Arthur was was speaker speaker eon eon lunch featured featured The The~~

~~sessions. sessions. ess ess busin e e th t t a~~

~~13th. 13th. presided presided , , Creamery City City Yakima Yakima e e th of of Manager Manager and and~~

~~r r e mb ece D on on Seattle Seattle in in meeting meeting l l sectiona Northwest Northwest Foundation Foundation e e th of of nt nt e d esi Pr outgoing outgoing , , k ec B Estel Estel R. R.~~

~~e e th~~

~~at at~~

~~subject subject same same e e th on on e e k spo also also ey ey l Bai Dr. Dr. Yakima. Yakima. in in Hotel Hotel Chinook Chinook ern ern ultra-mod e e th at at 11th 11th~~

~~12th. 12th.~~

~~er er~~

~~b ecem D on on Centralia Centralia in in meeting meeting sectional sectional to to 9th 9th November November held held was was foundation foundation y y Dair e e Stat~~

~~t t es~~

~~Southw the the at at blame", blame", to to always always t t ' isn Mastitis Mastitis " Washington Washington e e th of of convention convention annual annual 16th 16th The The~~

~~of of subject subject e e th on on~~

~~spoke spoke~~

~~ympia ympia~~

~~Agriculture, Agriculture, of of~~

~~A A YAKIM IN IN ING ING T MEE ANNUAL ANNUAL HOLDS HOLDS~~

~~t t en rtm epa D State State Washington Washington , , ey Bail~~

~~Dr. Dr.~~

~~L. L. . . 0~~

~~ION ION T OUNDA F DAIRY DAIRY ATE ATE T S WASHINGTON WASHINGTON~~

~~" " Supply. Milk Milk Raw Raw our our of of blem blem~~

~~Pro y y ncidit a R e e h "T on on lk lk a t a a ing ing er liv e d Pullman Pullman~~

~~I I~~

~~in in ton ton i\Tashing \ of of College College State State , , nt e tm epar D y y Dair~~

~~. . 11th to to 9th 9th November November , , in in~~

~~Yakima~~

~~, , Forster . . L T. T. Dr. Dr. with with 9th 9th ecember ecember D on on g g tin ee m~~

~~l l e Hot Chinook Chinook e e th at at ld ld e h convention convention annual annual e e th t t a~~

~~sectional sectional Northeast Northeast e e th of of scene scene e e th was was Spokane Spokane~~

~~, , Foundation Dairy Dairy State State washington washington · the the of of president president~~

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~~R R E DECEMB IN IN HELD HELD INGS INGS T MEE TIONAL TIONAL~~

~~SEC SANITARIAN'S SANITARIAN'S K K L I M STATE STATE WASHINGTON WASHINGTON~~

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~~21 21 EVENTS EVENTS D D • • A EWS EWS 22 EWS AND EvENTS~~

mean a full year's schedule of appearances through out the country at dairy industry events. As the new representative of dairying, Miss Peterson's first as 1 signment will be to serve as the official hostess of the dairy association at joint meetings of the milk . and ice cream industries to be held in St. Louis, Missouri, October 24-29. Gardening, cooking and outdoor sports are among the favorite activities of Miss Peterson. She also is an accomplished pianist. She has had one year of schooling at Austin Junior College where she was pres ident of joint-YWCA-YMCA activities. She was se lected "Princess Kay of the Milky Way" at this year's Minnesota State Fair. She then became an employee of the Minnesota Dairy Industry Committee, state unit of the American· Dairy Association. Miss Peterson plans to continue her schooling fol lowing serving as American Dairy Princess for the coming year. Miss Obray is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Clif ford Obray. She has six brothers and sisters ranging in age from 12 to 26. The Obray farm at Paradise, a town of several hundred, is 55 miles north of Salt AMER ICAN DAIRY ASSOC IAT ION PR INCESS CHOSEN Lake City. They have 10 Holstein dairy cows on their farm. Ruth J\lfari e Peterson, 20-year-old Minnesota dairy farm girl, has been chosen as the 1956 American Dairy Princess. ANNUAL STUDENT-FACULTY MIXER Miss Peterson, from Austin, Minnesota, was select UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY ed from among 13 candidates from as many states. Over 80 students and faculty members ate steak Crowning of the new Princess, official representative and scalloped potatoes at the Annual Student-Faculty of the American Dairy Association, was made a t the mixer arranged by the D airy Section of the University International Amphitheater, scene of the 1955 Inter of Kentucky. national Dairy Show. All students interested in any phase of dairying Awards to th ~ new Princess include $1,000 for fur were invited to attend the evening "bean" feed. Beans ther schooling, a complete wardrobe from Lytton's were on the menu with side orders of steak sand stores in Chicago, and a year's reign as Princess. wiches, scalloped potatoes, cottage cheese, pickles, A former 4-H g.irl and active in YMCA groups, oli ves, ice cream, cake and all the milk the boys :.ifiss Peterson is the oldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. could drink. Carl E. Peterson. Peterson farms 117 acres with 32 Dr. T. R. Freeman headed the committee on ar head cf d ::tiry cattle near Austin, a city of 25,000 rangements and served as toastmaster. H e welcomed in Southern Minnesota. the returning Dairy Cattle Judging Team by inform Dairy princess es from Iowa, Michigan, Utah, Wis ing the gathering that the team had placed sixth at consin, ·w ashington, South D akota, Vermont, Okla the contest at the National Dairy Cattle Congress homa, Colorado, orth Dakota, Missouri and Illinois at Waterloo, Iowa. The students also were kept participated in the contest. laughing for over half an hour by Dr. Freeman's Chosen 2s aiternate to Miss Peterson for the new revelations of various faculty foibles. title was Pat Obray, 18-year-old Dairy Princess from E. C. Scheidenhelm, field agent in dairying, en Utah. Miss Obray, also a dairy farm girl, lives in tertained the group with a demonstration of how to · Paradise, Utah. She, too, has been active in 4-H place a class of "bulls". Further amusement was club work and has been secretary of her Future furnished by Lee D ean, high school freshman from Homemakers of America chapter. Harrodsburg, who presented a ventriloquist act Reigning as Princess of the dairy industry will superior in techtfique to that of many adult artists, NEW AND EVE TS 23

for submitting matters for Council consideration. It was suggested that various Secretaries in their re spective regional areas might get together to develop ideas. After considerable discussion, it was agreed that the Steering Committee, by direction of the ChaiTman, should prepare the agenda for future Council meetings. A discussion took place regarding the Model Re gistration Act. It was reiterated that the Council had previously endorsed the principle of registra Executive Board in one of many long sessions held during tion of sanitarians by legislative act. Upon motion the annual meeting. From left to right: H. A. Barnum, H. H. duly made, seconded and carried, the Council en Wilkowske, J. D . Faulkner, Paul Corash, H. S. Adams and I. E. dm·sed the current report of the Committee on Ed Parkin. ucation and Professional Developrpent containing the revised Model Registration Act. A Student Membership plan was proposed which would create interest among students, After lengthy discussion of this proposal it was agreed that the Council recommend that the Executive Board ·of IAMFS establish some kind of Student J\ll embership plan for university and college students interested ill Sanitary Science. A discussion took place regarding the matter of whether contributions from industry should be ac cepted by affiliate associations and by IA.iVIFS. The Ylrs . H. L. Thomasson enjoys refreshment provided through discussion brought out the fact that direct con courtesy of Georgia Dairy Queen, Inc. tributions are not accepted. IAMFS, however, does I sponsor the Sanitarian Award which is financed by industry, and various affiliate associations ap REPORT OF IAMFS COUNCIL MEETING parently do permit industry sponsorship of some of the state association activities. The meeting of the Council was called to order A proposed Scholarship Plan was discussed in de by John D. _Faulkner, Chairman, at 3:30-P.M., Octo tail by members of the Council. The Council formally ber 3, 1955, in the Bon Air Hotel, Augusta, Georgia. endorsed the plan contained in the report of the Com Representatives of fourteen affiliate associations were mittee on Education and Professional Development present at the meeting. Mr. Faulkner explained the which authorizes the Executive Board of IAMFS to procedures followed in preparing. the agenda for establish a scholarship of $350.00 using IAMFS funds. the meeting. He stated that all niajor items submitted Additional funds obtained through contributions from to him during the past year were included on the affiliate associations will be used to establish addi agenda for the meeting. tional scholarships as funds received permit. The minutes of the last meeting were read and It was suggested that a Council committee was amended to show the terms of _appointment of the needed to find out more about the various affiliate Steering Committee. . The 1954 appointments and association committees and programs. Such infor terms being as follows: J. J. Sheuring, 3 years; H. mation would be published when obtained for the C. Goslee, 3 years; Kad Jones, 2 years; George An information of all members of the IAMFS. Chairman drews, 2 years; vVayne Brown, 1 year; and Loreta Faulkner appointed the following on the Council Gaillard, 1 year. "Committee on Committees": Clarence VVeber (New Dr. Sheuring, Chairman of the Steering Commit Yark) , chairman; Karl Jones (Indiana), John Mc tee, reported that the main activity for the past year Cutchen (Missouri), and H. L. Thomasson, ex offic·io. , •..-a s to contribute items for the. agenda. The need Mr. Faulkner discussed the need for creating great for additional help in bringing out problems of in er interest in making nominations for the Sanitarians terest for Council discussion was emphasized. Meth Award. A discussion took place regarding whether ods of creating more interest were discussed. A state affiliate associations should appoint commit discussion took place regarding the correct procedure tees on awards to make nominations or whether 24 NEws AND EvE ' 1.'S pL1blic, ·therefore, be it such nominations s hould o riginate w ith individual work of sanitarians to · the onal Association of i\llilk members. Experience has shown that b etter pre resolved that the Internati e sponsors listed be pared brochures have been submitted by commit and Food Sanitarians thank th continuation of stlp tees than by individual members. For the informa low for their participation ancl tion of all members of IAMFS, it was emphasized that port: nominations may be re-submitted each year. Diversey Corporation A discussion took place regarding the budgeting of Oakite Products, Inc. c. IAMFS funds. It was pointed out that the annual Klenzade Products, In mical Corp. budgeting is the responsibility of the Executive Board Olin rvlathieson Che and is based upon careful review of the past years' ex Pennsylvania Salt Company penditures. An annual Financial Report is presented WHEREAS, The presentation of the fin e program to the membership at the annual m eeting and a fi at the 42nd meeting in volved hard work and personal nancial statement is published in the Journal of Milk sacrifice on the part of each and every speaker. and Food Technology. E IT RESOLVED, that the sincere thanks of the The Council meeting adjourned at 6:00 P. M. B ed to each speaker for their H. H . W alwwske, Secreta-ry Association be extend generous and valuable contribution.

MICHIGAN STATE TO HOLD MEMORIAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE . higan State Univer God in His wisdom has chosen the following On March 13 and 14, 1956 Mic Annual National Dairy from among us: sity will be 11ost to the Forth Engineering Conference which will be held in the ...... New York Harold S. Spencer ...... new Kellogg Centet: The theme of the meeting, ...... ew York Gordon 'vV. Molyneaux ...... "More Profits Throi.1gh Better Engineering", will New York F . Leonard Kenyon ...... cover the following four general areas: Frank U. Thatcher ...... Connecticut ( 1 ) Answers to Your Refrigeration Problems Donald E. Joy ...... Connecticut ( 2 ) Answers to Your Processing Problems Raymond G. D avis ...... Connecticut ( 3) Dairy Plant Automation Vincent Harrick ...... Connecticut ( 4) Efficiency of Energy Use and Product Use Dr. Frank Vv. Tarnow ...... Pennsylvania in Dairy Plant Operations. Dr. James D. Garrigan ...... California e conference will cover the latest developments C. C. Deal ...... Oregon Th design and operation of processing equipment in Frank :M. Greenlaw ...... Rhode Island in y plants. Authorities from their respective fields P. R. York ...... Tennessee dair scuss topics of interest to every dairy plant Dr. George A. Frank ...... Missouri will di rator, equipment designer, plant engineer - all S. T. Chalker ...... Florida ope connected with the dairy industry. The con Albert Gust ...... Illinois those will stress new equipment, methods, and Gerald F. Smitii ...... Illinois ference processes.

IAMFS EXPRESS APPRECIATI.ON UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY NEWS ITEMS WHEREAS Leonard D. Brown has been named Assistant in Chapter and the The members of the Georgia Dairying at the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment ttees contributed members of the individual commi Station. Mr. Brown received his Bachelor's D egree energy to make the so generously of their time and at 'vV estern Kentucky State College and recently re e association a success. 42nd annual meeting of th ceived his Master of Science Degree at the Univer the thanks of the associa BE IT RESOLVED that sity of Kentucky. His work will deal primarily with ch and every person partici tion be extended to ea nutrition of dairy cattle. pating in the arrangements. James P. Everett, Jack Knepp, and Gerald Brown e been appointed R esearch Assistants in Dairy WHEREAS, The Sanitarians Award has so suc hav Husbandry a t the University of Kentucky. Mr. Ever cessfully achieved the aim of recognizing professional ett received his B. S. degree from Alabama Poly- achievement and of bringing recognition of the

~~vV. vV. State. State. Dr. Dr. Georg e e Snook Snook K . . Brunk Brunk i. i.~~

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~~· souTH souTH DAKOTA DAKOTA Assoc iA TIO N N OF OF SA N !T AH J A N S S~~

~~25 25 NEWS NEWS A N D D EVENTS EVENTS 26 N EWS AND E VENTS~~

\VrscoNsiN MILK SANITARIA NS AssociATION 9. Bulk milk farm cooling tanks .must b e located n ot l ess ( 11th Annual M eeting, Sept. 13, 1955 ) than 2 4" from tl1 e wall. L. W. Brown, Sec.-Treas., 421 Chemistry Bldg., 10. Compressor end should be so located that i t can b e Madison, Wise. ventilated and serviced w ith a 12" minimum from the wall. Rep01·t on 3A Stand<1rds Cmnm:ittees. V. G. Rowley. C. K. 11. A minimum of 36" must b e allowed on the side of Luchterl1 and tank from which the milk is s trained and also where drawn Interest t o Sanitm·ians. Don McDowell Legislation of off. Pmfessional Developments o f and fo r Sanitm·ians. H. L. space is needed f or w as h sinks, hot w ater heat Thomasson 12. Added e space for pails, strainers, etc. Wlwt It Takes to be a Good Fiel.dman. Louis Zahradka er and ample storag Economic Considerat-ions in Conve1·ting to Bulk Handling. 13. Si ze of milk house depends on the size of tank: Prof. Karl Shoemaker ( A ) If new milk houses are buHt .for a 10, 15 or 20 can T opic t o b e An.nou.nced. Dr. H en·ill DeGraff tank the milk house should measure a t l east 1 Cal·ibra.tio n of Farm Bulk Tanks, Panel Discussion. C. L. 12' X ] 4 • Jackson, H . H. Erdman, W . H . Mair, D. L. Bond (B ) For t anks of th e 30 can size or larger the milk What Does the Fa·rmer Expect of the Fieldman? L. L. Hunt house should measure at least 1 4' x 18' . Developments in MilkM Ru.bbe1· Resem·ch. Gates Rubber 14. Width of 2nd level where fann milk tank would b e Company, Crown Dairy Supply loca ted : Conservation of Water. Dr. W. J. Corbett (A) 3' plus width of tank to a deptl1 of 12" . Milk Dispensing- Its I-nherent Sanitat-ion Problems. Harold ( B ) 3W plus w idth of tank if over 12" deep. \Vainess ( C ) The second level should also b e properly drained Psychrophiles in Fi.nal Products. Dr. W . K. Mosely and trapped with drain opening not underneath tank and valve. 15. Where tank is install ed on an I sland in a two level CONNECTICUT ASSOCIATION milk room: RECOMMENDS PRACTICES FOR ( A ) 8" behveen tank and wall of stmining side. (B ) Outlet valve of t ank to be 6" from floor. OWNERS OF BULK MILK TANKS ( C ) A maximum of one h alf inch overhang of the tank when located on an Island. Editorial Nate : The following is a reprint of a report of the . Farm Practice Committee, Connecticut Association of Milk Sani 16. A two level milk house floor i s not preferred ll include: tarians. In view of the extensive development in bulk milk handl 17. E quipment sha ter. ing this report is reproduced as an example of how guidance in ( A ) Hotwater h ea installation, construction details, and sanitary care of bulk tanks ( B ) Double compartment sink. is bei ng provided to owners of bulk tanks. Comments regarding ( C ) Rack for stm·ing pail s, etc. these recommendations should be addressed to H. C. Goslee, ( D ) H ose wi t:h spray nozzle. Department of Agriculture, State Office Building, Hartford, Conn . ( E ) Cold water under p ressure. (F) Plastic or rubber paH and rubber m at where needed. THE FIRST THI NG To Do ( G ) Proper brushes and cleaners. l. Dealer and Producer h ave to a pply for permit from 18. A self closing opening with a 6" round or square hole the State Dept. of Agriculture, H artford, Conn. should provide for hose and electric plug entrance to milk 2. A preliminary inspection will be made of the farm by room. State and Industry men. 19. 220 voltage elech·i cal service should b e avail able for 3. B efore you c an ship milk from a bulk tank, approval milk house. must b e given b y the State Dept. of Agriculture. The following a re recommendations on what to look for REFRIGERATION RECOMlvlENDATTONS when installing bulk tanks. l. Farm cooling tank s hall be of such structural design as to meet r ecognized National standards a nd shall be ap MILx RooM proved b y both the Commissioner of Agriculture and Food l. The mi.Jk room must b e located where it is accessible and Drug. to bulk tank pickup. 2. Si ze of bulk tank compressor. 2. It shall not be in close proximity to a ny manure dis ( A) The bulk tank must h ave a refrigeration unit large posaL enough to c ool the capacity of the tank daily re 3. Foundations should be below frost line. gardless of whether the milk be picked up every 4. It must h ave a concrete floor properly drained and clay or every o ther cl ay. trapped with drain opening not underneath tank and valve. ( B ) Direct expansion t anks should be equipped with 5. Milk house walls a nd ceiling shaH be sealed and painted. air and water combinati on or w ater compressor. 6. Milk hous e shall have ample light and ventilation and 3. Industry requires that the milk in the farm tank be it is recommended that the ceiling be insulated. down to 40° or under one hour after completion of milki ng. 7. Milk house shall be properly screened and free from 4. With the a ddition of warm milk to cold milk in the fli es. tank, a t n o time ~ h o uld the milk temperature rise in the 8. The door b etween the milk room and stable must be tank to over 50° F. self closing. ( Double doors with double acting hinges.) The 5. Ample air inlet should be provided for compressor. outside entrance properly constructed, should acco1}1modate 6. The applicati on of refrigerati on shall not b e to such an a 36" to 53" width bulk tank. ex tent as to cause freezing o f the mi lk.

~~. . ,.._____ ,.._____~~

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~~F F N N CONSTRUCTIO TANK TANK f f • AR"-~~

~~27 27~~

~~EVENTS EVENTS D D AN NEWS NEWS 28 NEws AND EvENTS~~

~~GEORGE F. KIRCHOFF~~

George F. Kirchoff, 56, 849 Sixth Street, W ., Direc tor of the Food and Drug Division, County Health when D epartm e 1~t , Birmingham, Alabama, was kiiled struck by a truck · on December 15. He had returned about tlu·ee weeks agq from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, after going there for an operation and was successfully recu perating when h e was ·struck down by a truck within a block of his home, passing away within a short time after arrival at the hospital. He had been employed by the Jefferson County Board of H ealth in Birmingham, Alabama for thirty as years, first as a milk sanitarian and since 1943 f~,,,, 'I'IIIIJ Director of the Bureau of Food and Dairy Inspec in tion. Through the years he had an active part developing the policy and efficiency of the Depart ~~ ment to the high level that exists today. PIPELINE He was a man of honesty and integrity and there SANIT'!&.Y probably is no one in public health milk and food e sanitation work today with higher principles or mor MILKING devoted to the cause of maintaining and bettering the standards of milk and food sanitation than was :rvrr. Kirchoff. SYSTEMS Mr. Kirchoff was a native of Iowa :fa.11d a graduate PARLORS y FOR MILKING of Iowa State College. H e wasm a ember of McCo , BARNS Methodist Church, the American Dairy Science Assn. OR STANCHION the International Association of Ivlilk and Food c Sanitarians, and the Am erican Association of Publi Health. I OMILKING i ~ ~ ~ Survivors include the widow, Mrs. Regina Moreno e Kirchoff; one daughter, Miss Margaret Kirchoff; on the ~~\ll-==I!~,J son, En. George Kirchoff; Jr. , stationed with y QUALITY PROTECTED AGAINST HUMAN Naval Air Force at Milton, Fla; one sister, ~~Irs. H.a F. Hanson, Detroit, and one brother, Lawrence J. HANDLING AND AIR-BORNE BACTERIA Kirchoff, W ebster City, Iowa. FOR OVER 40 YEARS . .. Universal has paced the continual advancements in improving milk quality through greater sanitation methods. Pipeline milking, the Universal Supermatic way, is an outstanding engineering achievement in modern milking equip of ment that protects milk quality. One small part the this system, for instance, the sanitary design of Universal Milker Assembly, demonstrates the relia air bility of the sanitary features ... the exclusive the release in the claw avoids milk rancidity . . . exclusive claw shut-off eliminates the need for a hard to-clean valve ... and many others.

~~------~~

~~ies ies countr n n eig for pal pal rinci p in in atives atives t presen e R~~

~~OJJ. OJJ. . . s ie r count n n g i e for l l a ijJ c Jrin j in in nd nd a t. t. a P . . U.S~~

~~PA. PA. 5, 5, PHILADElPHIA PHILADElPHIA SQUARE, SQUARE, WASHINGTON WASHINGTON~~

~~. . g e R , , ks r ma - e trad e e r a nd nd a NE NE Ml YA H TON TON I TR~~

~~COMPANY COMPANY~~

~~. . s r ze niti a s g in rritat -i non , , ess l ROHM£HAAS ROHM£HAAS~~

~~ odor e e s e th bout bout a tion tion a rm o inf e e mor for for ay ay tod e e Writ~~

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~~ e pr from from r r e ov eft eft l s s it s po e d e e ton s s ilk m , , on i t i add In In s. s. l si~~

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~~ ani s nt- ge r e t e d t t a th ce ce n e id ev mounting mounting E E N MI YA ON-H T TRI~~

~~s s i e e r e th s, s, t s i g o l rio e t ac b y y b s s t es t field field rous rous e num r r e Aft~~

~~Dairies Dairies in in Efficiency Efficiency Sanitation Sanitation Increase Increase~~

~~' '~~

~~TRITON·HYAMINE TRITON·HYAMINE Sanitizers Sanitizers Detergent Detergent~~

~~. . ously e simultan~~

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~~tergent tergent e d INE INE M of of A Y H - ITON R T~~

~~unt unt amo small small a a only only of of addition addition~~

~~he he t with with effective effective ore ore m is is~~

~~UTENSILS UTENSILS DAIRY DAIRY OF OF~~

WASHING WASHING H H US BR INDEX To ADvERTISERS -=-----~ • B· L-- --. American Seal-Kap Corp ...... IV Baltimore Biological Laboratory, Inc ...... X STANDARD METHODS ':' Inc...... VI Bowey's MILK PLATING MEDIA Cherry-Burrell Corp ...... ! Creamery Package Mfg. Co ...... Inside Front Cover for total co·u_nts Chr. Hansons' Laboratory, Inc ...... VIII BBL #298 Plate Count Agar Difco Laboratories ...... Back Cover (M-PH Mediuin) Ex-cell-o Corp., Pme Pak Div...... II, III for coUfonn counts IAMFS, Inc...... XI, XII BBL # 114 Desoxycholate Klenzade Products, Inc ...... IV Lactose Agar Johnson and Johnson ...... Inside Back Cover Lazarus Laboratories - Folder #298 Sent on Request Div. West Disinfecting Co ...... X o lOth eel. Standard lvfethods - Dairy Products Mojonnier Bros. Co ...... VII Oakite Products, Inc...... VIII BALTIMORE BIOLOGICAL Oval Wood Dish Corp ...... VIII LABORATORY, INC. A Division of Becton, Dickinson & Co. Rohm & Haas, Co ...... IX BALTIMORE 18, MD. Sparta Brush Co ...... Vll Universal Milking Machine-Div. ~T h en writing to Baltimore Biological Laboratory, mention Iational Cooperatives ...... Page 28 the Journal of Milk and Food Technology

~~CLASSIFIED ADS~~

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~~FOR SALE: Single service milk sampling tubes. For further infor mation, please, write: Bacti-Kit Co., 2945 Hilyard Street, Eugene, Oregon.~~

WANTED retail sales outlet for new inexpensive dairy utensil and farm tank chlorinator by spray Manufactured by Lazarus Laboratories Inc. method. Bacti-Kit Company, 2945 Division of West Disinfecting Co ., 42-16 West St., Long Island City I , N. Y. Oregon. DELIVERIES FROM BRANCHES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES Hilyard Street, Eugene,

~~XI XI~~

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~~References. References. ions; ions; 1951. 1951. part part 2. 2. no. no. 24, 24, vol. vol. 45. 45.~~

~~Conclus and and Summary Summary Discussion; Discussion; Results; Results; al; al; , , ABSTRACTS CHEMICAL CHEMICAL in in given given form form the the to to~~

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~~1952. 1952. . . 551. 551. Bull~~

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~~1953. 1953. 267-269. 267-269. , , Techno!. 16: 16: Food Food and and present present to to effort effort every every make make should should Authors Authors~~

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~~, , ,~~

~~CONTRIBUTORS CONTRIBUTORS TO TO INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS~~

~~TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY FOOD FOOD AND AND MILK MILK OF OF JOURNAL JOURNAL Application for Membership_~~

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~~I TIPS TO SANITARIANS!!~~

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,, One way to help producers get g~ eater retur~ . . froni their milk production, and avoid loss, is to . advise regular Rapid-Flo Check-ups for Mastitis and sediment. • His one requirement, for a reliable check-up is to use genuine R apid-Flo Fibre-Bonded Filter Disks, engineered by Johnson & Johnson for safe filtration. And Rapid-Flo Fibre-Bonded milk fil ters are used by more dairy farmers than any other brand.

1. After fil terin g each can of milk 'I (1 0 gallons or less) the used fil ter disk is carefull y removed from the ' strainer and placed on a cardboard to dr.y. · ·2.··Examirtai:ion of the· used"'fil ter" · will· indicate precautionary steps necessary to secure clean mi lk.

Evidence of mastitis is.clearly uncovered, sources .. · 1 , ·' ..• . • of sediment revealed;· by the Producer'S·. Own. Check-up. By taking the indicated precautionary steps, milk quality is improved and every- .body wins. . . c .. . . • . · . Askthe J '&•J representative for details ori the .,·' Rapid-Flo Check-up pr~gram .

~~i:Filler Products !,, _D.iY i.sip o ' COPYRIGHT 195~, JOHNSON & JOHNSOrl BRUCELLA Isolation, Cultivation and Dijfe1"entiation~~

QBACTO -TRYPTOSE is the p e ptone of choice in th e preparation of both liquid a nd solid m edia for culturing Brucella abortus, melitensis and suis a nd supplies the nutriments required by these organisms for ra pid a nd abunda nt growth.

~~QBA CTO-TRYPTOSE BROTH is a com plctc li quid medium for culturing the Brucella and is especiall y adapted to th e isolation techniques recommended by Buddleson a nd Castaneda.~~

QBACTO -TRYPTOSE AGAR supe rsed es m edia pre\·i ously employed for the isolation and culti\·ation of the B11tcella . This medium se rves id eall v for the prima ry or secondary isolation of Brucella, for the d iA"c rcntiation of species and for vaccine o r an tigcn production. Tt is also recommended for usc as the solid phase in the Castaneda tcchniq uc.

~~THE DIFCO MANUAL, N I NTH EDIT ION , incl11ding descriptions of these media rmcl theit· 11 se, is available 011 req11est.~~

~~Sp ecify Dll' CO - the trade nam e of the p ioneers in the research and development of Bacto-P epto ne a nd D ehydrated Cul ture Media~~

~~DIFCO LABORATORIES DETROIT 1 , MI C HIGAN~~