Acronym Key 24x7 24 hours a day, seven days a week ADF 1. Automatic document feeder 24x365 24 hours a day, 365 days a year 2. Application Development Facility (IBM) 2PC Two-phase commit ADP Automatic Data Processing 3GL Third-generation language ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 4GL Fourth-generation language ADSL Asymmetric digital subscriber line A3 Adaptive Application Architecture ADSM ADSTAR Distributed Storage Manager AAC ATM access concentrator ADSTAR Automated Document Storage and Retrieval AAHP American Association of Health Plans ADT 1. Admission, discharge and transfer system 2. Abstract data type AAPCC Adjusted average per capita cost 3. Access Developer’s Toolkit (Microsoft) ABC Activity-based costing AEC Architecture, engineering and construction ABI Application binary interface AFP 1. Advanced Function Printing (IBM) AC Alternating current 2. AppleTalk Filing Protocol ACA Application Control Architecture AFPDS Advanced Function Printing Data Stream ACD 1. Automatic call distribution AGP Accelerated Graphics Port (Intel interface specification) 2. Automatic call distributor AGVS Automatic guided vehicle system ACE AHP 1. Accountable health plan ACELP Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction 2. Analytical Hierarchy Process ACF Advanced Communications Function AI Artificial intelligence ACF2 Access Control Facility 2 (from Computer Associates — also AIF Application Integration Feature (IBM) called CA-ACF2) AIP Application infrastructure provider ACG Ambulatory Care Group (classification methodology) AIX Advanced Interactive Executive ACH Automated clearinghouse AM Amplitude modulation ACIAAsynchronous communications interface adapter ALU Arithmetic logic unit ACIDAtomicity, consistency, isolation, durability AMA 1. American Medical Association ACL Access control list 2. American Management Association ACM Association for Computing Machinery AMH Automated materials handling ACMS Application Control and Management System AMPS Advanced mobile phone service ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface AMR Automated medical record ACVC Ada compiler validation capability ANDF Architecturally neutral distribution format AD Applications development ANI Automatic number identification A/D Analog-to-digital ANSI American National Standards Institute ADA Americans with Disabilities Act AOCE Apple Open Collaboration Environment ADC Analog-to-digital converter AOL America Online ADE Applications development environment

Main Menu Next Page Acronym Key AP 1. Accounts payable AWG American wire gauge 2. Associated Press AVI Audio Video Interleave APG Ambulatory Patient Group AVL Automatic vehicle location API Application programming interface AWP 1. Average wholesale price APIA1. Application Program Interface Association 2. Any willing provider (legislation) 2. Asia & Pacific Internet Association AWS Automatic Warehousing System APM Advanced Power Measurement B2B Business-to-business (also B-to-B) APPC Advanced Program-to-Program Communications B2C Business-to-consumer (also B-to-) APPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking B2E Business-to-employee (also B-to-E) AR Accounts receivable BACP Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol ARD Application requirements definition BAPI Business Application Programming Interface (SAP) ARO After receipt of order BASIC Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code ASCB Application system control block BBS Bulletin board system ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange BC Business continuity ASCOM Asynchronous communication BC/BS Blue Cross/Blue Shield ASI Application-specific interface BCD Binary-coded decimal ASIC Application-specific integrated circuit BCOCA Bar Code Object Content Architecture ASLP Application-specific logic product BCP Business continuity planning ASN Abstract Syntax Notation BECN Backward explicit congestion notification ASO Administrative Services Organization BER Bit error rate ASP 1. Application service provider BETRS Basic exchange telephone radio system 2. Average selling price BHO Behavioral health organization AS/RS Automated storage/retrieval system BI Business intelligence ASSP Application-specific standard product BIA Business impact analysis AT Advanced technology BiCMOS Bipolar complementary metal-oxide semiconductor ATE Automatic test equipment BiMOS Bipolar metal oxide semiconductor ATG Advanced technology group BIOS Basic Input/Output System ATL Automated tape library B-ISDN Broadband ISDN ATM 1. Asynchronous transfer mode BitBLT Bit block transfer 2. 3. Adobe Type Manager BLOB Binary large object AT&T American Telephone & Telegraph (do not spell out in Gartner BOC Bell operating company research) BOM Bill of material BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol AUX Apple BOP Beginning of partition

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key BOT Beginning of tape CAPS Compugraphic Automated Publishing System BOSS 1. Business Object Server Solution (IBM) CASE Computer-aided software engineering 2. Business Object Storage Specification (Computer CAT Computerized axial tomography Associates/Cheyenne Software) CATV Community antenna television (a.k.a. cable television) BPA Business process automation CAV Constant angular velocity BPO Business process outsourcing CBD Component-based development BPR Business process re-engineering CBIC -based integrated circuit bps Bits per second CBR 1. Case-based reasoning BRA Basic Rate Access (known as BRI in the United States) 2. Content-based retrieval BRI Basic Rate Interface (known as BRA in Canada and Europe) 3. Constant bit rate BRP Business recovery planning CBT Computer-based training BRS Business Recovery Services (IBM) CCD Charge-coupled device BU Business unit CCD+ Cash Concentration and Disbursement plus addendum BSC 1. Bisynchronous communication CCIR Consultative Committee on International Radio 2. Base station controller CCITT Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique BSI British Standards Institute (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee) BTA Basic trading area — now known as the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) C3I Command, control, communications and intelligence (defense industry acronym) CC/ME Computational chemistry/molecular engineering CA 1. Computer Associates International CCN Common control node 2. Certificate authority CCOW Clinical Context Object Workgroup CAC Connection admission control CCR Customer-controlled reconfiguration CACH Call appearance call handling CCTV Closed-circuit television CAD Computer-aided design CD 1. Compact disc CADAM Computer-Graphics Augmented Design and Manufacturing 2. Critical dimension (Lockheed) 3. Certificate of deposit CAD/CAM Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing CDA Compound document architecture (generic term) CADD Computer-aided design and drafting CDDI Copper-distributed data interface CAE Computer-aided engineering CDE 1. Common Desktop Environment (from COSE) 2. Cooperative Development Environment (from Oracle) CAFM Computer-aided facilities management CD-I Compact Disc-Interactive (Philips) CAGR Compound annual growth rate CDIF CASE Data Interchange Facility CAI Common air interface CDLA Computer Dealers and Lessors Association CALS Continuous Acquisition and Life-Cycle Support CDMA Code division multiple access CAM Computer-aided manufacturing CDPD Cellular digital packet data CAPE Concurrent art-to-product environment

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key CDR 1. Call detail recording CM Change management 2. Clinical data repository CMA Concert Multithread Architecture CD-ROM Compact disc read-only memory CMIP Common Management Information Protocol CDS Call directory service CMIS Common Management Information Standard CE Concurrent engineering CML Chemical Markup Language CEC Central electronics complex CMM Capability Maturity Model CEO Chief executive officer CMOS Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor CEPT Conference on European Post and Telegraph CMS 1. Conversational Monitor System (part of VM) CERDIP Ceramic dual in-line package 2. Contract management system CERT Computer Emergency Response Team (SEI) 3. Color Management System (Kodak) 4. Change Management System (Aldon Computer Group) CES Consumer Electronics Show 5. Cable management system CFO Chief financial officer 6. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CFROI Cash flow return on investment CNOS Corporate network operating system CGA Color Graphics Adapter CNS Converged network services CGI Common Gateway Interface CO Central office CGS Cap Gemini Sogeti COB Chip-on-board CHAMPUS Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services COBOL Common Business Oriented Language CHIN Community healthcare information network COBRA Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act CHRP Common Hardware Reference Platform CODASYL Conference on Data Systems Languages CICS Customer Information Control System COE Center of excellence CIDR Classless interdomain routing COGS Cost of goods sold CIFS Common Internet File System COLD Computer output to laserdisc CIM Computer-integrated manufacturing COLS Commercial online service CIO Chief information officer COM 1. Computer output to microfiche CIR Committed information rate 2. Component Object Model (Microsoft) CIRC Cross-interleaved Reed-Solomon code COMDEX Computer Dealers’ Exposition CIRT Cyber incident response team COM-R Computer output to microfiche replacement CIS Commonwealth of Independent States COO Chief operating officer CISC Complex instruction set computer CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture CIT Computer Integrated Telephony COS Class of service CLEC Competitive local exchange carrier COSE Common Open Software Environment CLI Call-level interface COTS Commercial off-the-shelf (application) CLLM Consolidated Link Layer Management CPE Customer premises equipment CLV Constant linear velocity CPI 1. Common Programming Interface (part of SAA) 2. Continuous process improvement Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key CPI-C Common Programming Interface for Communications CVD Chemical vapor deposition CPIDCalling party identification CWC Clear With Computers CPM 1. Critical path method CXI Common X interface 2. Critical path management DA 1. Data administrator CP/M Control Program for Microcomputers 2. Data administration CPP Commercial parallel processing D/ADigital-to-analog CPR 1. Computer-based patient record system DAC 1. Digital-to-analog converter 2. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 2. Data access control cps Characters per second DACS Digital access and cross-connect system CPU Central processing unit DADI Directly addressable device interface CQI Continuous quality improvement DAL 1. Data Access Language (from Apple) CRC 1. Cyclic redundancy check (error detection) 2. Dedicated access line 2. Camera-ready copy DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency CRM Customer relationship management DART Data analysis and reporting tools CRP Capacity requirements planning DASD Direct-access storage device CRS Cell relay service DAT Digital audio tape CRT Cathode-ray tube DAVAR Dealer-assisted value-added reseller CRTC Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications DB2 Database 2 Commission DBA 1. Database administrator CRUD Create, read, update, delete 2. Database administration CS Customer service DBCS Double-byte character set C/SClient/server DBMS Database management system CSC Computer Sciences Corp. DBS Direct broadcast satellite CSD Consolidated service desk DC Direct current CSF Critical success factor DCA 1. Digital Communications Associates CSI Computer Security Institute 2. Document Content Architecture (IBM) CSO Consolidated support organization DCE 1. Distributed Computing Environment (from The Open Group) 2. Distributed computing environment (generic term) CSR Customer service respresentative 3. Data communications equipment CSS Customer service and support DCF Document Composition Facility CSU Channel service unit DCOM Distributed Component Object Model CT Cordless telephone DCS Digital Cellular System CTI Computer-telephony integration DCT Digital cordless telephony CTO Chief technical officer DDE Dynamic Data Exchange CU Compliance unit DDL Data definition language CUA Common User Access (part of SAA) DDN Defense Data Network Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key DDP Digital data processing DMA 1. Document Management Alliance DDS Digital Data Storage 2. Direct memory access DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (formerly DME 1. Distributed Management Environment Digital European Cordless Telecommunications) 2. Durable medical equipment DES Data Encryption Standard DMI Desktop Management Interface DEVA Document-enabled vertical applications DML Data Manipulation Language DFDSS Data Facility Data Set Services DMS Defense Message System DFHSM Data Facility Hierarchical Storage Manager (a.k.a. DFSMShsm) DMTF Desktop Management Task Force DFP Data Facility Product (a.k.a. DFSMSdfp) DMZ Demilitarized zone DFS Distributed File System (Transarc product) DNA Distributed interNet Applications (Microsoft architecture) DFSMS Data Facility Storage Management Subsystem DNIC Data network identification code DFSMSdfp DFSMS Data Facility Product (a.k.a. DFP) DNISDialed number identification service DFSMShsm DFSMS Hierarchical Storage Manager (a.k.a. DFHSM) DNS Domain Naming System DFSORT Data Facility Sort DOD 1. Department of Defense 2. Direct outward dialing DG Data General DOJ Department of Justice DHCF Distributed Host Command Facility DOMS Distributed Object Management System (a.k.a. HD-DOMS, DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol from HyperDesk) DIA1. Document Interchange Architecture (part of SAA) DOS Disk Operating System 2. Display Industry Association DP Data processing DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine dpi Dots per inch DIDDirect inward dialing DPNSS Digital Private Network Signaling System DIF Data interchange format DPP Distributed parallel processing DIP Dual in-line package DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus DIS1. Data Interpretation System 2. Draft international standard DR Disaster recovery DISA 1. Direct inward system access DRAM Dynamic random-access memory 2. Data Interchange Standards Association DRDA Distributed Relational Data Architecture DISOSS Distributed Office Support System DRG Diagnosis Related Group (classification methodology) DL/1 Data Language/1 DRM Distributed resource management DLCI Data link connection identifier DRP 1. Distribution requirements planning DLL 1. Dynamic Link Library (Windows and OS/2 feature) 2. Disaster recovery planning 2. Down line load 3. Distribution Resource Planning (J.D. Edwards) DLS Data Link Switching DRS Disaster Recovery Services (Comdisc) DLSw Data Link Switching DS-0 (-1 etc.) Digital Signal Level 0 (Level 1) DM Data mining DSC 1. Digital selective calling 2. DSC Communications Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key DSL Digital subscriber line ECC 1. Error correction code DSLAM Digital subscriber line access multiplexer 2. Elliptical Curve Cryptography DSLO Distributed Systems License Option ECD 1. Energy conversion device 2. Electrochromeric display DSMPU DSP microprocessing unit ECL Emitter-coupled logic DSOM Distributed System Object Model ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association DSP Digital signal processing ECR Efficient consumer response DSS Decision support system ECU 1. European currency unit (now known as “euro”) DSSI Digital Storage Systems Interconnect 2. Engine control unit DSU Data service unit EDA 1. Electronic design automation DTE Data terminal equipment 2. Embedded Document Architecture DTL Diode-transistor logic EDA/SQL Enterprise Data Access/Structured Query Language (from DTMF Dual-tone multifrequency Information Builders) DTP 1. Desktop publishing EDI Electronic data interchange 2. Distributed Transaction Processing (part of CICS) EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and DTS Distributed time service Transportation DUOW Distributed Unit of Work (part of DRDA) EDO Extended data out (memory) DVD Digital video disc (a.k.a. digital versatile disc) EDM Enterprise distribution manager DVI Digital Video Interactive EDP Electronic data processing DWIM Do what I mean EDS Electronic Data Systems (do not spell out in Gartner research) DXF Data exchange format EEPROM Electronically erasable PROM E-4GL Enterprise 4GL e-ESP E-business external services provider E-AD Enterprise AD EFT Electronic funds transfer EAI Enterprise application integration EFTA European Free Trade Association EAM 1. Equipment asset management EFT/POS Electronic funds transfer/point of sale 2. Enterprise asset management EGA Enhanced graphics adapter EAROM Electrically alterable ROM EHLLAPI Extended High-Level Language Application Programming EAS Enterprise application solutions Interface EATE Electronic automatic test equipment EIA1. Electronic Industries Association EBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code 2. Enterprise information architecture EBPP Electronic bill presentment and payment EC 1. Electronic commerce E-IDE Extended Integrated Drive Electronics 2. European Community (now known as European Union) EIM Enterprise information management ECAD Electronic computer-aided design EIS Executive information system ECAE Electronic computer-aided engineering EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture E-CASE Enterprise CASE EJB Enterprise JavaBeans Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key ELF Extremely low frequency ESOP Employee stock ownership plan EMA 1. Electronic Messaging Association (formerly the Electronic ESP 1. External services provider Mail Association) 2. Enterprise server platform 2. Enterprise Management Architecture ESPRIT European Strategic Program for R&D in Information EMI Electromagnetic interference Technology EMPI Enterprise master person index ESS 1. Electronic switching system EMR Electronic medical record 2. Enterprise scheduling system EMS 1. Expanded Memory Specification ETG 1. Episode Treatment Group (classification methodology) 2. Enterprise Messaging Server (from Microsoft) 2. European Telecommunications Group EMU Economic and monetary union ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute EOD End of data ETT Extraction, transformation and transport EOF End of file EU European Union (formerly known as the European Community) E-OO Enterprise OO EUC End-user computing E-OOA Enterprise OOA EULA End-user license agreement E-OOD Enterprise OOD EUT End-user training EOP End of partition EVA Economic value added EOT End of tape EW 1. Electronic warfare 2. Early warning EPO Exclusive provider organization 3. Electronic workplace EPP Enhanced parallel port EWW Enterprisewide web EPROM Erasable programmable read-only memory FACNET Federal Acquisition Computer Network EPS 1. Encapsulated PostScript FAQ Frequently asked questions 2. Earnings per FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board ERD Entity relationship diagram FAST Fairchild Advanced Schottky TTL ERISA Employee Retirement Income Security Act FAT File allocation table ERMES European Radio Message System FC Fibre Channel ERMS 1. E-mail response management system (generic term) FC-AL Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop 2. E-mail Relationship Management System (Brightware) FCC Federal Communications Commission ERP Enterprise resource planning FCLC Fibre Channel Loop Community ERSO Electronics Research and Service Organization FCP Foundation for Cooperative Processing ESA Enterprise Systems Architecture FCS First customer shipment ESCON Enterprise Systems Connection FDD Flexible disk drive ESD 1. Electronic software distribution 2. Electrostatic discharge FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface ESDI Enhanced Small Device Interface FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ESF Extended superframe format FDM Frequency division multiplexing

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key FDMA Frequency division multiple access FWA Fixed wireless access FEC Forward error correction G7 Group of Seven (countries) FECN Forward explicit congestion notification GA General availability FEDI Financial electronic data interchange GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade FEP Front-end processor Gb Gigabit FEPI Front-End Programming Interface GB Gigabyte FET Field effect transistor GCR Group code recording FFS Fee for service GDDM Graphical Data Display Manager FFT Fast Fourier transforms GDMO Guidelines for the definition of managed objects FI Financial institution GDP Gross domestic product FIFO first in, first out GDS Global directory service FIPS Federal Information Processing Standard GEIS GE Information Services FLOPS Floating-point operations per second GEMMS Global Enterprise Manufacturing Management System FM Frequency modulation GEO Geosynchronous earth orbit FMV Fair market value GFLOPS 1. Billion floating-point operations per second (if used with a FOCA Font Object Content Architecture specific amount, e.g., 50 GFLOPS) 2. Billions of floating-point operations per second (if used Formula Translator without an amount, e.g., “performance measured in GFLOPS”) FPGA Field-programmable gate array GigaFLOPS (see GFLOPS) FPLA Field-programmable logic array GIOP General Inter-ORB Protocol fpsFrames per second GIPS Billion instructions per second FPU Floating-point unit GIS Geographic information system FRAD Frame relay assembler/disassembler GMLC Graduated Monthly License Charge FRAM Ferroelectric random-access memory GNP Gross national product FSP Financial services provider GOCA Graphics Object Content Architecture FT Fault tolerance GOSIP Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile FTAM File Transfer, Access and Management GPC General-purpose computer FTC Federal Trade Commission GPRS General Packet Radio Service FTE Full-time equivalent GPS Global Positioning System FTP File Transfer Protocol GPWW Group practice without walls FTPI Flux transitions per inch GSA General Services Administration FUD Fear, uncertainty and doubt GSICGraphics-specific integrated circuit F-UNI Frame-User Network Interface GSM Global System for Mobile Communications (formerly Groupe FURPS Functionality, usability, reliability, performance, and support Speciale Mobile) F/VFrequency-to-voltage GSP Graphics system processor

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key GUI Graphical HPCC High Performance Computing and Communications (federal HA High availability program) HACMP High Availability Clustered Multiprocessing HPFS High Performance File System (OS/2) HADA High-availability disk array HPPA Hewlett-Packard Precision Architecture HBA Host bus adapter HP-UX Hewlett-Packard’s Unix-based operating system HBT Heterojunction bipolar transistor HR Human resources HCFA Health Care Financing Administration HRM Human resource management HCO Healthcare organization HRMS 1. Human resource management system (generic term) 2. Human Resource Management System (PeopleSoft) HDA Head disk assembly HSM 1. Hierarchical storage management (generic term) HDCD High-density computer disc 2. Hierarchical Storage Manager (IBM; a.k.a. DFSMShsm) HDD HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface HDL Hardware description language HTML Hypertext Markup Language HDLC High-level Data Link Control HTTP Hypertext Transport Protocol HDM Hardware device module HW Hardware HDS Hitachi Data Systems Hz Hertz HDSL High-bit-rate digital subscriber line IACInterapplication communication HDTV High-definition television IBI Information Builders Inc. HEDIS Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set IBM International Business Machines (do not spell out in Gartner HF High frequency research) HFC Hybrid fiber-coaxial (cable) IBNR Incurred but not reported HIAA Health Insurance Association of America IBUIndependent business unit HIMSS Health Information Management and Systems Society IC Integrated circuit HIN Healthcare information network ICA1. International Communications Association HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 2. Independent Computing Architecture (Citrix Systems) HIPPI High-Performance Parallel Interface ICC IBM Credit Corp. HL7 Health Level Seven ICE1. Integrated computing environment HLL High-level language 2. Information and Content Exchange HLLAPI High-Level Language Application Programming Interface ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol HMMP Hypermedia Management Protocol ICRIntelligent character recognition HMMS Hypermedia Management Schema IDAIntelligent drive array HMO Health maintenance organization IDARS Integrated document archive and retrieval system HMOM Hypermedia Object Manager IDE1. Integrated development environment 2. Integrated Drive Electronics HP Hewlett-Packard IDEF Integrated Definition Methodology HPC High-performance computing IDLInterface definition language Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key IDMIntegrated document management INSM Integrated network and systems management IDMS Integrated Database Management System (from CA; a.k.a. CA- INTUG International Telecommunications Users Group IDMS) I/O Input/output IDNX Integrated Digital Network Exchange I2OIntelligent I/O IDOM Integrated document and output management IOCA Image Object Content Architecture IDRC Improved Data Recording Capability IOP Input/output processor IDSL ISDN digital subscriber line IOS Integrated office system IE Information engineering IP Internet Protocol IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IPA Independent physician association IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IPCInterprocess communications IEF Information Engineering Facility (from Texas Instruments) IPCS Integrated PC server IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IPDS Intelligent Printer Data Stream IEW Information Engineering Workbench (from KnowledgeWare) IPI Intelligent Peripheral Interface IFCInternet Foundation Classes IPL Initial program load IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification IPOInitial public offering IGFET Insulated-gate field effect transistor IPVIn-place value IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange IGPT Insulated-gate bipolar transistor IR Infrared IIA Information Industry Association IRDS Information Resource Dictionary System IIN IBM Information Network IRMInformation resources management IIOPInternet Inter-ORB Protocol IRQInterrupt Request IISP Interim Interswitch Signaling Protocol IS Information systems ILEC Incumbent LEC ISA 1. Industry Standard Architecture IM Interactive marketing 2. Instrument Society of America IMAInverse multiplexing over ATM ISAM Indexed Sequential Access Method IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol ISAPI Internet Server Application Programming Interface (Microsoft) IMCInternet Marketing Council ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network IMS Information Management System ISL Interswitch link IMS/DB IMS/Database Manager ISMIndustrial, scientific and medical IMS/DC IMS/Data Communication ISO International Standards Organization (a.k.a. International IMS/ESA IMS/Enterprise Systems Architecture Organization for Standardization) INEWS Integrated electronic warfare system ISP Internet service provider INMS Integrated network management system ISPBX Integrated services private branch exchange INSA Integrated Network Services Architecture ISPF Interactive System Productivity Facility

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key ISPF/PDF ISPF/Program Development Facility JIDLJava Interface Definition Language ISS Interactive selling system JIT Just in time ISSC Integrated Systems Solutions Corp. JITTJust-in-time training ISUP ISDN User Part JMAPI Java Management API ISV 1. Independent software vendor JMS Java Messaging Service 2. If-sold value JNDI Java Naming and Directory Interface IT Information technology JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group ITAInternational Trade Administration JROP Java Remote Object Protocol ITAA Information Technology Association of America JSPJava Server Page ITIS Information technology integration services JTS Java Transaction Service ITOInformation technology outsourcing JVM Java virtual machine ITUInternational Telecommunication Union (formerly known as JTAPI Java Telephony API CCITT) Kb Kilobit IVDT Integrated voice/data terminal KB Kilobyte IVDW Intelligent voice/data workstation KBMS Knowledge Base Management System (Trinzic product) IVHS Intelligent vehicle highway systems Kbps Kilobits per second IVR Interactive voice response KBS Knowledge-based systems IWFInternetworking Function KHz Kilohertz IWSIntelligent workstation KIF Knowledge Interchange Format IXCInterexchange carrier KM Knowledge management J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition KPI Key performance indicator J2ME Java 2 Millennium Edition KQML Knowledge-Based Query Manipulation Language JAD Joint applications development KTS Key telephone system JAN Joint army and navy LAM Line adapter module JBIG Joint Bitonal Image Group LAN Local-area network JCAHO Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations LANDA Local Area Networks Dealers Association JCALS Joint Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics Support LANE Local-area network emulation JDK Java Developer’s Kit LAP/M Link Access Procedure for Modems JCL1. (generic term) LATA Local access and transport area 2. Job Control Language (part of MVS) LAWN Local area wireless network JDBC Java Database Connectivity LBO Leveraged buyout JDE J.D. Edwards & Co. LCC Leadless chip carrier JEDEC Joint Electronics Device Engineering Council LCD Liquid crystal display JEIDA Japan Electronic Industry Development Association LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol JES Job Entry Subsystem (part of MVS) Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key LDC Less-developed country MAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol LDO Low dropout MAP/TOP Manufacturing Automation Protocol/Technical Office Protocol LEC Local exchange carrier MAPI Messaging Application Programming Interface (from Microsoft) LED Light-emitting diode MAU Multistation access unit LEO Low earth orbit Mb Megabit LEW Logical early warning MB Megabyte LHS Left-hand side MBE Molecular beam epitaxy LIDM Line impact dot matrix Mbps Megabits per second LIFF Line impact fully formed MCA Micro Channel Architecture LIFO Last in, first out MCAD Mechanical computer-aided design LIMS Laboratory Information Management System MCAE Mechanical computer-aided engineering LIS Laboratory information system MCM Multichip module LISP List Processing MCO Managed care organization LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories MCP Microsoft Certified Professional LMI Local Management Interface MCSE Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer LNA Low-noise amplifier MCU 1. Microcontroller unit LNTT Line nonimpact thermal transfer 2. Multipoint control unit LOB Line of business MDA Monochrome Display Adapter LOMS Logistics order management system MDDB Multidimensional database LOS Length of stay MDF 1. Multiple Domain Feature (from Amdahl) LP Load point 2. Main distribution frame LRPC Lightweight RPC MDS Multipoint distribution system LSB Least significant bit MDT Mobile data terminal LSI Large-scale integration MegaFLOPS (see MFLOPS) LSW Least significant word MEO Middle earth orbit LU Logical Unit (part of SNA) MES 1. Marketing encyclopedia system LU 6.2 Logical Unit 6.2 2. Manufacturing execution system LUN Logical unit number MESFET Metal-etch semiconductor field-effect transistor M&A Mergers and acquisitions MFLOPS 1. Million floating-point operations per second (if used with a MAC 1. Moves, adds and changes specific amount, e.g., 50 MFLOPS) 2. Media Access Control (IEEE) 2. Millions of floating-point operations per second (if used 3. Message authentication code without a specific amount, e.g., “performance measured in MFLOPS”) MAD Mass-access device MFM Modified frequency modulation MAN Metropolitan-area network MFS Metropolitan fiber system

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key MHS 1. Message Handling System (X.400) MOSFET MOS field-effect transistor 2. Message Handling Service (Novell) MOSP Multiple Operating System PR/SM MOSS MIME Object Security Services MHz Megahertz MOU Memorandum of understanding MIB Management Information Base (part of SNMP) MP Multiprocessor MICMicrowave integrated circuit MPC Massively parallel computer MICR Magnetic ink character recognition MPDSP Microprogrammable digital signal processing MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface MPE Multiprogramming Executive MIF Management Information File MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group MILNET Military network MPI Master person index MIL-SPEC Military specification MPOA Multiprotocol Over ATM MIL-STD Military standard MPN Multiprotocol network MIMD Multiple instruction, multiple data MPP Massively parallel processing MIME Multipurpose Internet Messaging Extensions MPPC Multipurpose parallel computing MIMIC Millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuit MPPL Multipurpose Processing Language MIPS 1. Million instructions per second (if used with a specific amount, e.g., 100 MIPS) MPPP Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol 2. Millions of instructions per second (if used without a specific MPR Microperipheral amount, e.g., “performance measured in MIPS”) MPS Master production scheduling MIS Management information systems (Obsolete; use IS instead) MPU Microprocessing unit MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry MQI Message Queue Interface (from IBM) MLC Monthly license charge MR Magnetoresistive MM Multimedia MRP Material requirements planning MMCF Multimedia Communications Forum MRP II Manufacturing resource planning MMICMicrowave monolithic integrated circuit MS Microsoft MML Mathematical Markup Language MSA Metropolitan statistical area MMMC Minimum monthly maintenance charge MSB Most significant bit MMU Memory management unit MSCS Microsoft Cluster Server MNP Microcom Networking Protocol MS-DOS Microsoft DOS MO Magneto-optical (drives) MSE Midsize enterprise MOCVD Metal organic chemical vapor deposition MSMQ Microsoft Message Queuing server MO:DCA Mixed Object: Document Content Architecture MSN Microsoft network MOF Ministry of Finance MSNF Multisystem Networking Facility MOM 1. Manufacturing operations management MSO Management service organization 2. Message-oriented middleware MSP Management service provider MOS Metal-oxide semiconductor Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key MSS Multiprotocol switched services NCGA National Computer Graphics Association MSW Most significant word NCP Network Control Program (a.k.a. ACF/NCP) MTA 1. Message transfer agent NCQA National Committee for Quality Assurance 2. Metropolitan trading area NCR National Cash Register MTBDU Mean time between data unavailability NCS 1. Network Computing System (from HP) MTBE Mean time between errors 2. National Communications System MTBF Mean time between failures NCSC National Computer Security Center MTD Marketing transaction database NDF Network dynamic functionality MTS 1. Microsoft Transaction Server NDS NetWare Directory Services 2. Mobile telephone service NEDA National Electronic Distribution Association MTTI Mean time to install N.E.T. Network Equipment Technologies MTTR Mean time to repair NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System MUI Multimodal user interface NFS Network File System MULC Measured Usage License Charge NIC 1. Network interface card MVC Multiport video controller 2. Network information center MVS Multiple Virtual Storage NIH Not invented here MVS/ESA MVS/Enterprise System Architecture NiMH Nickel metal hydride MW Middleware NIS Network information service NA 1. Not available N-ISDN Narrowband ISDN 2. Not applicable NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology NACD National Association of Computer Dealers NLO Net-liberated organization NACHA National Automated Clearing House Association NLQ Near-letter quality NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NLM NetWare Loadable Module NAP Network access point NLS 1. National language support NAS 1. Network Applications Support 2. Network licensing server 2. NetWare Access Server NLU Natural-language understanding NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NM Not meaningful NASD 1. Network-attached storage device NMF Network Management Forum 2. National Association of Securities Dealers NMI Nonmaskable interrupt NATA North American Telecommunications Association NMOS N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor NC Network computer NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance NCA Network Computing Architecture NMS Network management system NCD Network computing device NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone NCF Network Computing Framework NMVT Network management vector tables NCI Network Computing Infrastructures NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key NOS Network operating system ODIF Open Document Interchange Format N-PCS Narrowband PCS ODMA Open Document Management API NPSI NCP Packet Switching Interface ODMG Object Database Management Group NPV Net present value ODS Open Digital Studio NRE Nonrecurring engineering ODT Open Desktop (from Santa Cruz Operation) NRZ Non-return-to-zero OEC Organization for Economic Cooperation NSAPI Netscape Application Programming Interface OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development NSF 1. National Science Foundation OEM Original equipment manufacturer 2. Notes Storage Format OEMI Original Equipment Manufacturer Interface 3. National Standard Format OIG Open Interoperability Group NSM Network and systems management OIS Office information system NSP Network service provider OLAP Online analytical processing NSTL National Software Testing Lab OLB Online banking NT New Technology OLCP Online complex processing NTAS NT Advanced Server OLE Object Linking and Embedding (Microsoft) NTS NT Server OLTP Online transaction processing NTSC National Television Standards Committee OMF 1. Open Media Framework (Avid Technology) NTT Nippon Telephone and Telegraph 2. Object Management Framework (DME) NTW NT Workstation OMG Object Management Group NV NetView OMR Optical mark recognition NVRAM Nonvolatile RAM OMS Opportunity management system NYSE New York Stock Exchange ONA Open Network Architecture (from the FCC) OBS Organization breakdown structure ONC Open Network Computing (from Sun) OCA Object Content Architecture ONP Open network provision OCE Open Collaboration Environment (Note: The correct term is OO 1. Object orientation (n.) Apple Open Collaboration Environment, or AOCE) 2. Object-oriented (adj.) OCR 1. Optical character recognition 2. Optical character reader OOA Object-oriented analysis OCS 1. Open control system (an individual system) OOD Object-oriented design 2. Open control systems (the technology in general) OODBMS Object-oriented database management system (also known as OCX OLE Custom Controls ODBMS) ODA Open Document Architecture OOP Object-oriented programming ODBC Open Database Connectivity OOPL Object-oriented programming language ODBMS Object-oriented database management system (a.k.a. OODBMS) OOT Object-oriented technology ODD Optical disk drive OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key ORD Order management system PCL Printer Control Language ORB Object request broker PCM 1. Plug-compatible manufacturer OS Operating system 2. Pulse code modulation OS/2 Operating System/2 PCMCIA Memory Card Industry Association (Note: The standard is now known as PC Card, not PCMCIA) OS/2 EE OS/2 Extended Edition PCN Personal communications network OSF Open Software Foundation (now obsolete — use The Open Group instead) PCO Physician contracting organization OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PCP Primary care physician OSI Open Systems Interconnection PCS 1. Personal communications services 2. Personal Conferencing Specification OSIS Operating-system-independent server PCTE Portable Common Tool Environment OSI TP OSI Transaction Processing PDA Personal digital assistant OSM Operating-system service module PDN Public Data Network OSPF Open shortest path first PDES Product Data Exchange Specification OSQL Object SQL (from Hewlett-Packard) PDL Page description language OT Object technology PDM Product data management OTC 1. One-Time Charge (IBM) 2. Orders to cash PDP Parallel distributed processing OTM Object transaction monitor PE Phase encoding OTP One-time programmable PEM Privacy-enhanced mail OV OpenView PERT Program Evaluation and Review Technique PA Precision Architecture (Hewlett-Packard) PFM Personal financial manager PABX Private automatic branch exchange PGP Pretty Good Privacy PACS Picture archiving and communication system PGS Proposal generation system PAD Packet assembler/disassembler PGA Pin grid array PAL Programmable array logic PHIGS Programmers’ Hierarchical Interactive Graphics Standard PAM Pulse amplitude modulation PHO Physician hospital organization PARC Palo Alto Research Center (Xerox) PICProgrammable interrupt controller PA-RISC Precision Architecture Reduced Instruction Set Computer PIFProgram information file PBA Production business application PIM1. Personal information manager (the device) 2. Personal information management (the technology) PBX Private branch exchange PINProcessor Independent NetWare PC Personal computer PIX Private Internet Exchange PCA Personal communications assistant PIT Programmable interval time PCB Printed circuit board PKI Public key infrastructure PCI Peripheral component interconnect PL/1Programming Language 1

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key PLA Programmable logic array PRC People’s Republic of China PLC Programmable logic controller PREP PowerPC Reference Platform plc Public limited company PRI Primary Rate Interface (known as PRA in Canada and Europe) PLD Programmable logic device PROFS Professional Office System PLL Phase-locked loop PROM Programmable read-only memory PL/SQL Programming Language/SQL PR/SM Processor Resources/Systems Manager PM 1. Presentation Manager PSA Professional Services Administration 2. Project management PSAP Public service answering point PMD Programmable multilevel logic device PSF Print services facility PMMU Paged memory management unit PSK Phase shift keying PMOS P-channel metal-oxide semiconductor PSLC Parallel Sysplex License Charge PMPM Per member per month PSTN Public switched telephone network PMPY Per member per year PTOCA Presentation Text Object Content Architecture PMR 1. Projection microradiography PTS 1. Parallel Transaction Server 2. Private mobile radio 2. Personal telecommunications service PNNI Private network-to-network interface PTT Postal, telegraph and telephone PNPP Page, nonimpact, plain paper PU Physical Unit PO Purchase order PVC Permanent virtual circuit POE Physician order entry system PVD Physical vapor deposition POP 1. Point of presence PWB Printed wiring board 2. Post Office Protocol PWBA Printed wiring board assembly POS 1. Point of service PwC PricewaterhouseCoopers 2. Point of sale QA Quality assurance POST Power-on self test QAM Quadrature amplitude modulation POTS Plain old telephone service QA/QC Quality assurance/quality control POWER Performance Optimized With Enhanced RISC (IBM) QBE Query by example PPA Personal productivity application QC Quality control PPC Plain-paper copier QCIC Quad Channel I/O Controller PPMC Physician practice management company QEMM Quarterdeck Extended Memory Management PPMS Physician practice management system QFA Quick file access PPO Preferred provider organization QIC Quarter-inch cartridge PPP Point-to-Point Protocol QMF Query Management Facility PQS Parallel Query Server QOS Quality of service PRA Primary Rate Access (known as PRI in U.S.) QSAM Queued Sequential Access Method

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key RACE R&D for Advanced Communications in Europe RIP1. Raster image processor RACF Resource Access Control Facility 2. Routing Information Protocol (TCP/IP) RAD Rapid applications development RIS Radiology information system RAID Redundant array of independent disks RISC Reduced instruction set computer RAM Random-access memory RJE Remote job entry RAS 1. Reliability, availability and serviceability RLL Run length limited 2. Remote-access server RMF Resource Measurement Facility (IBM) 3. Research and Advisory Services (Gartner) RMI 1. Remote Message Interface RAW Read after write 2. Remote method invocation RBOC Regional Bell operating company RMON Remote Monitoring RBRS Resource-based relative value scale RMS Record Management System (VMS) RCC Radio common carrier ROA Return on assets R&D Research and development ROC Republic of China (Taiwan) RDA Remote Data Access ROE 1. Return on equity Rdb Relational Database 2. Rest of Europe RDBMS Relational database management system ROI Return on investment RDD Rigid disk drive ROM Read-only memory RDLAP Radio Data Link Access Protocol ROT Return on technology RDM 1. Remote data management ROW Rest of world 2. Relational Document Manager (Interleaf) RPC Remote procedure call RDS Report distribution system RPG Report Program Generator REOS Real-Time Electronic Online System RPO Recovery point objective RF Radio frequency RSA Rivest-Shamir-Adelman RFC Request for comment RSNA Radiological Society of North America RFI 1. Request for information RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol 2. Retail financial institution RTCP Real-Time Control Protocol 3. Radio frequency interface RTO Recovery time objective RFP Request for proposal RTP Rapid thermal processing RFQ Request for quotation RTR Reliable Transaction Router RFT Request for technology RUB Regional User Briefing (a Gartner-sponsored event) RHC Regional holding company RUOW Remote unit of work RHIN Regional healthcare information network RWR Read while write RHS Right-hand side S3 1. Stand-alone shared storage RIM Research in Motion 2. S3 (San Jose, Calif.) SAA Systems Application Architecture

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key SAD Slow applications development SFS Structured File Server (Transarc) SAG SQL Access Group SG&A Selling, general and administrative SAM Software asset management SGI Silicon Graphics Inc. SAN Storage area network SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language SAPI Speech Application Programming Interface (Microsoft) SI 1. Systems integration SAS Sales administration system 2. Systems integrator SASD Server-attached storage device SIA Semiconductor Industry Association SASI Shugart Associates Standard Interface SICStandard Industrial Code SBA Shared buffer architecture SIFF Serial, impact, fully formed SCADA Supervisory control and data acquisition SIM Subscriber Identity Module SCC Specialized common carrier SIMD 1. Single instruction, multiple data 2. Serial, impact, dot matrix SCM 1. Software change management 2. Supply chain management SIMM Single in-line memory module SCR Sustained Cell Rate SINO Sun, IBM, Netscape, Oracle SCO The Santa Cruz Operation SIO Serial input/output SCP 1. Supply chain planning SIS Sales intelligence system 2. Service control point SITA Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautiques SCS Sales configuration system SKU Stock-keeping unit SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface SLA Service-level agreement SD Service desk SLC Subscriber loop carrier SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SLI System-level integration SDI Strategic Defense Initiative SLIC System-licensed internal code SDIO Strategic Defense Initiative Office SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol SDK 1. Software development kit (generic term) SMB 1. Small and midsize business 2. Software Development Kit (Microsoft) 2. Server Message Block SDLC Synchronous Data Link Control SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service SDSL Symmetric digital subscriber line SME Small and midsize enterprises SEI Software Engineering Institute SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language SEL Secure Electronic Transactions SMP Symmetric multiprocessing SEM Scanning electron microscope SMR Special mobile radio SES Sales emulation system SMS 1. System-managed storage SET Secure Electronic Transactions 2. Storage Management Subsystem (IBM) 3. Short Message Service or Short Messaging Service SFA Sales force automation 4. Systems Management Server (Microsoft) SFDSP Special-function digital signal processing SMT Service mount technology SFM Scanning force microscope Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SSL Secure Sockets Layer SNA Systems Network Architecture SSRP Simple Server Redundancy Protocol SNADS SNA Distribution Services ST Synchronous transport SNF Skilled nursing facility STAIRS Storage and Information Retrieval System SNI Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme STEP Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data SNIG Serial, nonimpact, inkjet STDM Statistical time division multiplexing SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol STK Storage Technology (a.k.a. StorageTek) SNOMED Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine STM Synchronous transfer mode SNTT Serial, nonimpact, thermal transfer STN Super twisted nematic SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol STP 1. Signal transfer point SODA Services-oriented development of applications 2. Shielded twisted pair (wiring) SOG Small-outline gull-wing StP Software through Pictures (Interactive Development Environments) SOHO Small office/home office STS Sales training system SOJ Small-outline J-head STTL Schottky transistor-transistor logic SOM System Object Model STU Secure telephone unit SONET Synchronous Optical Network SVC Switched virtual circuit SOS Silicon on sapphire SVGA Super Video Graphics Array SPARC Scalable Processor Architecture SVID System V Interface Definition SPC Statistical process control SVR4 System V release 4 SPEC System Performance Evaluation Cooperative SVVS System V Verification Suite SPECfp SPEC floating point (benchmark) SW Software SPECint SPEC integer (benchmark) S.W.I.F.T. Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange SWOT Strength, weakness, opportunity, threat SQC Statistical quality control SWV Sampled write verify SQL Structured Query Language TA 1. Telecommunications administration SQL/DS SQL/Data System 2. Terminal adapter SRM System Resource Manager TAB Tape-automated bonding SR Source Route TACS Total access communications system SRT Source Route Transparent TAM Total available market SS6 (7, etc.) Signaling System 6 (7, etc.) TAPI Telephony Application Programming Interface SSA Serial Storage Architecture TAS Telephone answering service SSD Solid-state disk T&C Terms and conditions SSEM System and Server Evaluation Model TCA Telecommunications Association SSI Supplemental Security Income TCF Transparent Computing Facility Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key TCO Total cost of ownership TPC Transaction Processing Performance Council TCP Transmission Control Protocol TPC-A Transaction Processing Performance Council Benchmark A TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TPF Transaction Processing Facility TCU Transitional care unit TPM Third-party maintenance TDD Time division duplex tpm Transactions per minute TDM Time division multiplexing TPP Third-party participant TDMA Time division multiple access tpsTransactions per second TEB Technology-enabled buying TQM Total quality management TEFRA Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act TRN Token Ring Network TEM Technology-enabled market TSAPI Telephony Services Application Programming Interface TeraFLOPS (see TFLOPS) TSO Time-Sharing Option TERM Technology-enabled relationship management TSO/E Time-Sharing Option/Extended TES Technology-enabled selling TSR Terminate and stay resident TFLOPS 1. Trillion floating-point operations per second (if used with a TSS Team selling system specific amount, e.g., 50 TFLOPS) TT Trouble ticket 2. Trillions of floating-point operations per second (if used TSTN Triple super twisted nematic without a specific amount, e.g., “performance measured in TFLOPS”) TTL Transistor-transistor logic TFT Thin film transistor TUA Telecommunications Users Association THF Time horizon to failure TUI Telephony user interface TIB The Information Bus TV Television TLM Technical license management UAN Universal area network TI Texas Instruments UART Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter TIFF Tag Image File Format UBC-92 Uniform Billing Code of 1992 TLCCC Trust, location, choice, cost, convenience UCC Uniform Code Council TLM Technical license management UCR Usual and customary rates T&M Time and materials UDB Universal Database TMC Thinking Machines Corp. UDF User-defined functions TME Tivoli Management Environment UDP User Datagram Protocol TMN Telecommunications management network UHC United HealthCare Corp. TN Twisted nematic UHF Ultrahigh frequency TOA Technical office automation UI 1. User interface 2. Unix International TOP Technical Office Protocol ULSI Ultra-large-scale integration TP Transaction processing UMA Unified Memory Architecture TPA Third-party administrator

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key UMB Upper memory block VF 1. Voice frequency UML Unified Modeling Language 2. Vector Facility (IBM) UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System VGA Video Graphics Array UNE Unbundled network elements VHDFDD Very high density flexible disk drive UNI User-to-network interface VHDL VHSIC Hardware Description Language UNO Universal Networked Object VHF Very high frequency UPS Uninterrupted power supply VHS Video Home System UR Utilization review VHSIC Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (U.S. Defense Department program) URL Uniform resource locator VIEVirtually integrated enterprise USART Universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter VIDA VAX/IBM Data Access USB Universal Serial Bus VIM Vendor Independent Messaging USL Unix System Laboratories VIS Voice information services USPS United States Postal Service VLAN Virtual local-area network USS Unassisted selling system VLDB Very large database USTA United States Telephone Association VLF Very low frequency UTP Unshielded twisted-pair (cable) VLIW Very long instruction word UTS Universal Time-sharing System VLSI Very large-scale integration UV Ultraviolet VLSIC Very large-scale integrated circuit VAC Volts alternating current VM 1. Virtual Machine (the operating system) VAD Value-added distributor 2. Virtual machine (generic Java term) VAM Vendors Against Microsoft VMA Voice Mail Association VAN Value-added network VM/CP Voice messaging/call processing VANS Value-added network distributor VMS 1. Virtual Memory System VAR Value-added reseller 2. Voice messaging system VAT Value-added tax VOFR Voice over frame relay VAX Virtual Address Extension VoIP Voice over IP VB Virtual Basic VoPN Voice over Packet Network VBR Virtual bit rate VPA Volume purchase agreement VC Virtual circuit VPN Virtual private network VCR Videocassette recorder VRAM Video RAM VDSL Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line VRML Virtual Reality Modeling Language VDT Video display terminal VR Virtual reality VDU Visual display unit VRU Voice response unit VESA Video Electronics Standards Association VSAM Virtual Storage Access Method

Main Menu Next Page Previous Page Acronym Key VSAT Very small aperture terminal WTA Wireless Telephony Application (part of WAP) VSE Virtual Storage Extended WTLS Wireless Transport Layer Security (part of WAP) VTAM Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (also known as WTP Wireless Transaction Protocol (part of WAP) ACF/VTAM) WWW World Wide Web VTOA Voice telephony over ATM WYSIWYG What you see is what you get VTOC Volume table of contents XA Extended Architecture VUP VAX unit of performance XAPI X.400 Application Programming Interface W3C World Wide Web Consortium XAPIA X.400 API Association W-4GL Workgroup 4GL xDSL Generic digital subscriber line (encompasses ADSL and SDSL) WABI Windows Application Binary Interface XHTML Extensible HTML W-AD Workgroup AD XICS Xerox Integrated Composition System WAE Wireless Application Environment (part of WAP) XIP Execute in place WAN Wide-area network XML Extensible Markup Language WAP Wireless Application Protocol XMP Cross-management platform WARC World Administrative Radio Conference XNS Xerox Network System WATS Wide-area telephone service XPAF Xerox Printer Access Facility WBEM Web-Based Enterprise Management XPE Cross-platform environment WBS Work breakdown structure XPG X/Open Portability Guide WDP Wireless Datagram Protocol (part of WAP) XPG3 X/Open Portability Guide release 3 WEDI Workgroup for Electronic Data Interchange XPG4 X/Open Portability Guide release 4 WfMC Workflow Management Coalition XRF Extended Recovery Facility WIMPS Windows, icons, menus, pointers, scroll bars XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language WIP 1. Work in progress XTI X/Open Transport Interface 2. Windows Interface Protocol Y2K Year 2000 WLAN Wireless local-area network YE Year-end WML Wireless Markup Language (part of WAP) YTD Year-to-date WORA Write once, run anywhere ZAK Zero Administration Kit WORM Write once, read many ZAW Zero Administration for Windows WOSA Windows Open Services Architecture ZIF Zero insertion force WP Word processing ZIP 1. Zigzag in-line package (chip packaged wpm Words per minute 2. Zone Improvement Program (postal code) WSI Wafer scale integration WSP Wireless Session Protocol (part of WAP) WSTS World Semiconductor Trade Statistics

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