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First Record of Vallonia Costata (OF Müller, 1774)

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First Record of Vallonia Costata (OF Müller, 1774) First record of Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Valloniidae) from British Columbia, Canada, confirmed by partial-COI gene sequence Annegret Nicolai, Robert Forsyth To cite this version: Annegret Nicolai, Robert Forsyth. First record of Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Valloniidae) from British Columbia, Canada, confirmed by partial-COI gene sequence. Check List, Luís Felipe Toledo, 2019, 15 (2), pp.287-293. 10.15560/15.2.287. hal-02078202 HAL Id: hal-02078202 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02078202 Submitted on 3 Jul 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 15 2 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (2): 287–293 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.2.287 First record of Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Valloniidae) from British Columbia, Canada, confirmed by partial-COI gene sequence Annegret Nicolai1, Robert G. Forsyth2 1 UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio, Station Biologique Paimpont, Université Rennes 1, 35380 Paimpont, France. 2 Research Associate, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, NB, Canada E2K 1E5. Corresponding author: Robert G. Forsyth, [email protected] Abstract The minute terrestrial snail Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, 1774) is reported for the first time from the province of British Columbia, Canada. The identification was based on shell morphology and confirmed by COI gene data. This species is presumed to be introduced to the province. Key words Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; introduced species; Pupilloidea; range extension; terrestrial snail. Academic editor: Leonardo Santos de Souza | Received 19 January 2019 | Accepted 27 February 2019 | Published 22 March 2019 Citation: Nicolai A, Forsyth RG (2019) First record of Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Valloniidae) from British Columbia, Canada, confirmed by partial-COI gene sequence. Check List 15 (2): 287–293. https://doi.org/10.15560/15.2.287 Introduction 1833 (Pyramidulidae) (Razkin et al. 2017), shell char- acters cannot always be relied on for accurate determi- The genus Vallonia Risso, 1826 (Gastropoda, Eupul- nations of species. Although taxonomy of microsnails monata, Valloniidae) is a group of small, whitish ter- has until recently been largely conchologically driven, restrial snails distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. molecular methods and integrative taxonomy employing The monograph by Gerber (1996) included 35 species multiple lines of data have become standard in malaco- and more have been described since (e.g. Meng and Ger- logical works (Jochum et al. 2015, Dayrat et al. 2016). In ber 2008, Gerber and Bössneck 2009). Shell morphology the genus Vallonia, conchologically based species deter- is traditionally used to distinguish species (e.g. Pilsbry minations still prevail. The latest work encompassing 1948, Gerber 1996). However, Korte and Armbruster all Vallonia taxa, except for those named subsequently, (2003) concluded after using molecular sequence data is the detailed monograph by Gerber (1996). However, (ITS-1 rDNA) that at least 1 nominal species, V. excen­ except for descriptions of shell morphology, some basic trica, is paraphyletic, consisting of a group of genetically ecology, little is known about Vallonia species in North different forms with a similar conchological phenotype. America (see Pilsbry 1948), and no molecular work on Among these and other genera of small snails, such as the genus on this continent has been published. Carychium O. F. Müller, 1773 (Ellobiidae) (Weigand The distribution of Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, et al. 2010), Cochlicopa A. Férussac, 1821 (Cochlicop- 1774) includes much of Western Europe and a portion idae) (Armbruster 1997), and Pyramidula Fitzinger, of eastern Canada and the United States (Pilsbry 1948, Copyright Nicolai and Forsyth. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 288 Check List 15 (2) Figure 1. Canadian distribution of Vallonia costata based on Gerber’s (1996) list of materials examined (black dots) and the Forsyth collec- tion (red dots). The new records from British Columbia, Canada are represented by the red star). Hubricht 1985, Gerber 1996). If we follow the gen- Methods eral consensus (e.g. Pilsbry 1948, Hubricht 1985, Ger- ber 1996), the eastern North American occurrences of Specimens of Vallonia were collected from under stones V. costata are native, not introductions. However, it is and dead wood in Kamloops, British Columbia (BC), Canada, and nearby areas in south-central BC. Geo- clear that V. costata is strongly synanthropic in these graphic positions were obtained with a Garmin eTrex areas, which suggests that it may be an old introduc- Vista HC GPS receiver using the WGS84 geodetic datum. tion, as Nekola et al. (2015) proposed for Pupilla musco­ All specimens were placed directly in 95% ethanol and rum (Linnaeus, 1758) in North America. Gerber (1996) either kept in alcohol for barcoding or dried for storage cited records from the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, and as dry shells. Specimens of Vallonia gracilicosta (N = 3, Manitoba, but his map is quite imprecise and seems to all BC), Vallonia parvula (N = 5, all Ontario), Vallonia show the range extending westwards at least into Sas- pulchella (N = 2, both Alberta), and Vallonia costata (N katchewan, probably based on literature records. = 19; Ontario and BC) were deposited at the Biodiversity Eight species of Vallonia are known from Canada Institute of Ontario (BIOUG), Guelph, Ontario, Canada. (Grimm et al. 2010). In British Columbia (BC), 4 species Specimens preserved as dry shells are vouchered in the of Vallonia have been recognized using shell morphol- Invertebrate Collection of the New Brunswick Museum ogy: 2 unribbed species, V. pulchella (O. F. Müller, 1774) (NBM), Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. and V. excentrica (Sterki in Pilsbry, 1893), and 2 ribbed Anguispira alternata (Say, 1817) (Discidae) (N = 2) species, V. cyclophorella (Sterki, 1892) and V. gracilico­ and Striatura milium (Morse, 1859) (Gastrodontidae) (N sta Reinhardt, 1883 (Forsyth 2004). Individually, these 2 = 2) were selected as outgroups for phylogenetic anal- groups (ribbed and unribbed) both present difficulties for ysis and also deposited at the Biodiversity Institute of identification. Ontario. All deposited specimens were assigned to the Here, we record V. costata from Kamloops, British FTMWO or FTMCA project on the Barcode of Life Data Columbia, Canada, using molecular data and shell mor- Systems (BOLD, http://www.boldsystems.org, Ratnas- phology to identify this species. This represents a first ingham and Hebert 2007). Following protocols in Layton record of V. costata from the province of British Colum- et al. (2018), we used samples of foot tissue for molecular bia (Fig. 1), where we expect it is introduced. analysis including these steps: (1) amplifying the barcode Vallonia costata in British Columbia 289 region of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) with the that Pilsbry (1948) and Gerber (1996) emphasised for universal “Folmer” primers (LCO1490/HCO2198) (Fol- V. costata. Concerning the shell differences between V. mer et al. 1994); (2) sequencing; (3) sequence editing and costata and V. gracilicosta, Gerber (1996: 113) wrote: aligning; and (4) sequence quality check. The sequence V. costata ist weniger eng gerippt, i. d. R. mit weni- dataset for the genus Vallonia was completed by addi- ger kräftigen Kalkrippen, aber mit viel höheren, tional sequence data from GenBank and from various lamellenförmigen Conchinsäumen; ihre Mündung projects on BOLD. The Barcode Index Number (BIN) ist kreisrund, die meist etwas dünnere Lippe tritt algorithm was applied to delineate clusters correspond- nicht über die Mündungsebene vor; ihr letzter ing to operational taxonomic units at the species level Umgang steigt am Ende ab, ohne vorher angestiegen (Ratnasingham and Hebert 2013). Specimen collection zu sein; der Mundsaum ist weniger stark und plötz- and sequence information are shown in the Appendix lich erweitert; ihr Protoconch zeigt meiste deutliche (Table A1). Spirallinien. Molecular phylogenetic analysis was implemented by the Maximum Likelihood method using the Kimura [Vallonia costata is less closely ribbed [than V. gra­ 2-parameter model (Kimura 1980). Initial tree(s) for the cilicosta], as a rule with less strong calcareous ribs, heuristic search were obtained automatically by applying but with much higher, lamellar conchiolin edges; Neighbor-Joining and BioNJ algorithms to a matrix of its aperture is circular, the usually slightly thinner pairwise distances estimated using the Maximum Com- lip does not occur above the level of the mouth; its posite Likelihood approach, and then selecting the topol- last whorl descends at the end, without having risen ogy with the superior log-likelihood
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