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FISCAL YEAH

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INTRODUCTION

Herein we present significant highlights of the FBI's performance during fiscal year 1974, my first full year as Director. We hope this wide­ ranging information will help broaden public understanding of the FBI's operations, ac.complishments and goals. But by no means i~ this report all-inclusive. For these printed pages cannot adequately convey those elusive factors we feel enable the FBI to excel in .the investigative field. No compendium of facts can portray that extra effort expended each day by thousands of career FBI employees. No table of statistics can communicate the feeling of pride and tradition that helps sustain the FBI's high level of efficiency, But these intangibles, I believe, are manifested in the FBI's per­ formance, its achievements and progressive activities, which is what this report is all about. The FBI is charged with a broad range of investigative responsi. bilities; it is our basic goal to serve the people of this nation by dis­ charging these responsibilities lawfully, honorably and with increasing efficiency.

~ ~ ~ ~ II Director 7 \t' Ii Ii

______1 ~--~--~------~~-~------~ Criminal Intelligence heroin on July 19. 1973. Dissemination -Santa Ana. California, arrested tWOI Crinrlnal Investigations persons and seized a ton of marijuana valued at In its drive against racketeers. the FBI co­ $2 million on August 15. 1973. operates closely with other Federal, state and -Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) ~------~------~------~-- local agencies. particularly those responsible for agents in Las Vegas on September 14, 1973. COh­ investigating gambling and narcotics violations, fiscated $5 million WOrth of hashish in what was Organized two major sources of illicit revenue for the un­ described as the largest seizure of hashish ever derworld. made in the . The FBI continued to stress major organized In Fiscal 1974. information developed by the -DEA and Mexican narcotics investigators. crime cases during Fiscal 1974 with investiga­ CONVICTIONS IN FBI CASES FBI and disseminated to other agencies resulted acting upon information obtained from the FBI, tions resulting in more than 1.360 convictions. 15.400 in nearly 3.300 1rganized crime arrests; con­ on September 28. 1973. arrested two individuals 'l'hese included national Syndicate functionaries 15,240 fiscation of some 1135 million wort\l of narcotics. and recovered a cache of heroin valued at $5.5 in New York City. . Cleveland. and 15,200 .:bout $2 million worth of cash. pwperty. weapons million • also ill New England. Five other ranking Syndi­ 15,000 and wagering paraphernalia and more than $3 mil­ -On the same day, an FBI source in New cate officials were among the nearly 2.600 organ­ York Oity led investigators to the arrest of a 14,800 lion worth of counterfeit billfj; confiscation or ized crime subjects in various stages of prosecu­ fugitive wanted for the slaying of one Federal assessment of tax liens against $15.461,000 tion as the fiscal year ended. Recoveries and 14,600 narcotics agent and the wounding of another. confiscations in FBI cases ex­ worth of property arising ou'. of gambling cases 14,400 in , Florida, Georgia. Illinois. Massa­ ceeded $3,400.000. , These are some of the major prosecutive 14,200 chusetts. Michigan and Washington. actions against the organized underworld during Here are some of the highlights of the Bu­ and Larcenies Fiscal 1974: 14,000 reau's sustained drive in this vital field during Fiscal 1974: Violations of the Federal Bank and -ConVictions on July 9. 1973. of 18 persons 13,800 -Intelligence data disseminated by the FBI Incidental Statute soared to a record high accused of having operated a decades-old lottery of 3.485 during Fiscal 1974. in contrast to de­ operation preying on ghetto residents in the Mo­ 13,600 assisted local authorities in Orlando. Florida. in arresting three individuals debarking from an air­ clines in fiscal years 1972 and 1973. bile. Alabama, area. 13.40 0 t----:::~;.;....,.....~..;.;..;..,..~...;..;...,.--l Convictions in cases investigated by the -Inclictment of 16 persons on July 11. 1973. plane while in possession of $200,000 worth of 13,200 '--_..L--~...L....;.."':'-....l.-_--S in New York City fol' conspiring to dispose of 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 $18.2 million worth of stolen and counterfleit se­ FISCAL YEARS curities in the United States and Europe. As the fiscal year ended. six of those accused had been convicted on a varietyof Federal charges. includ­ -Also convicted: national Syndicate chief­ ing at least two with strong Syndicate ties. ta,in Carmine Tramunti on October 25. 1973. in -Indictment on July 25.1973. of Frank Tieri. New York City on six counts of perjury. later a top Syndicate leader in New York City. for sentenced to five years in prison; ranking Massa­ allegedly violating the Extortionate Credit Trans­ chusetts mob figure Gennaro Angiulo on Decem­ actions Statute. his second such indictment in ber 19, 1973, for assaulting a Federal officer; five months. Tied is currently awaiting trial. two New York City rackets bosses. VinCetlt Aloi -Conviction of Frank Brancato and two as­ and John Dioguardi. on December 22. 1973. for sociates in Cleveland. Ohio. on Federal gambling conspira~y to defraud in a major stock-swindle charges August 3. 1973. Brancato. described in case. Aloi received a nine-year prison term, and the press as the third-ranking racketeer in the Dioguardi was sentenced to ten years; Alderman Cleveland area. since has died of natural causes. Frank Bruno on June 25. 1974. in Pittsburgh. -Conviction of Philip Testa. a longtime Syn­ , for obstruction of justice. Sen­ dicate functionary in the Philadelphia area. on tenced to two yeal's. Bruno was the fourth public September 12. 1973. for civil contempt after he official to be indicted or convicted in Federal refused to testify under immunity before a Fed­ court as a result of extensive FBI investigation eral grand jury probing organized crime. Testa leading to conviction of Pittsburgh gambling czar Bank robbery and incidental crimes violations In New York City bank robbery, as two security soared 'to record high ... and bank surveillance guards pursued subject in foreground, secohd sub. was ordered incarcerated immediately. Anthony M. Grosso. cameras often caught the action. Verano, Kentucky ject in background opens fire on guard on stairs who hunches shoulders as he Is struck by two bul. lets. The wounded guard survived. 2 3

~---~------...... and arrested. All but $500 of the ransom money was recovered. On June 26. 1974. Smith pleaded guilty in U. S. District Court and was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. In several cases the FBI has been success~ l'ul in thwarting kidnaping plots before the actual abduction. Notable among these is the case in~ volving convicted aircraft hijacker Garrett Brock Trapnell. Information was developed in Febru~ ary, 1974, that Trapnell. then being temporarily held in the , California, County Jail, a fellow inmate and a third person were plotting the kidnaping of a, foreign dignitary in Los An~ geles to be held for release of Trapnell and the other inmate, political asylum in Sweden and $250,000. As a result of FBI investigation, the plotter not in jail was arrested and all three were charged with conspiracy to violate the section of subject (left) grabs payC\ff package from female FBI agent of the Cincinnati Office who was the Federal Kidnaping Statute pertaining to for~ standing in for victim. Subject was apprehended eign officials. Trapnell was convicted in Fed~ shclrtly thereafter. eral court on May 16. 1974. and has received a Camera-shy gunman shoots banI< s1urveillance camera in Houston. Texas. 15~year sentenc~. One accomplice received.a were imposed. more than $789,000 was recovered five-year sentence and the other a sentence. of and 68 fugitives were located. FBI in this category also jumped to a record high ing offenses during Fiscal 1974, particularly dur~ six months in jail and five years' probation. of 1,871. Many of those convicted were respon­ ing the period January through June, 1974, when During Fiscal 1974, FBI investigations re~ sible for more than one offense. 40 major investigations of hostage kidnapings Extortion sulted in 96 convictions for violations of the The total violations consisted of 2,817 rob­ and related-type cases were instituted. There Kidnaping Statute - an increase of 35 percent Many investigations conducted under the beries, 359 burglaries and 309 larcenies. were numerous other investigations in which the over Fiscal 1973. Actual, suspended and pro­ Federal Extortion Statute involve threats made There appeared to be an increase in violence hostage was freed or escaped without a ransom bationary sentences totaled 928 years, seven against public, officials. However, some result in these bank robberies. Recidivism was clearly demand being made. months and ten days. Nineteen life sentences from opportunists seeking to capitalize on highly evident. The most publicized kidnaping was that of publicized kidnapings, though they have no con~ When three males robbed an Alexandria, Vir­ Patricia Hearst in Berkeley. California, on Feb­ nection with the abduction. Such was the case ginia. bank March 1, 1974, one of them claimed a ruary 4, 1974. This case represents the first in San Diego, California, on March 1, 1974, when teller had "hit the alarm," whereupon a second political-style kidnaping to occur in the l'nited the FBI office there received a telephone call to robber shot and killed a woman teller. She was States. go to a particular telephone booth and pick up a the wife of a Fairfax County, Virginia, polioe The objectives of the FBI in kidnap cases lettel: from the "kidnapers" of Patricia Hearst. officer. Investigation is continuing. are safe return of the victim first and foremost, The letter was located. It contained instructions The senseless violence included instances then identification, arrest and prosecution of for $10,000 to be placed in a trash container, in which robbers committed suicide when they persons responsible and the recovery of the ran­ warning that "Patricia is gone" if the instruc­ were about to be apprehended. som. These objectives have been realized in tions were not followed. The instructions also The record 1,871 convictions resulted in most cases, and kidnapers have found their enter­ were communicated to the Hearst family in a actual, suspended and probationary sentences prise involved much more risk than profit. series of telephone calls. FBI cover.age of the totaling 18,643 years and seven months. Fines A typical case was the kidnaping in Tulsa, payoff and subsequent investigation resulted in imposed exceeded $150,000 and recoveries of Oklahoma, of oil company executive Walt~l' H. the arrest of Samuel Lee McGraw. McGraw had loot totaled more than $6.3 million. Some 984 Helmerich III, who was abducted at gunpoint no involvement in the Hearst case and had no fugitives were located during these investigations. June 3, 1974, whUe driving to work, by a person k,nowledge of Patricia Hearst's whereabouts. posing as a utility company employee. Befol'e The extortion lett.er had not gone through the Kidnaping his release some eight hours later, a ransom of mail and the telephone calls had not been inter~ $700,000 had been paid. Within five hours, Fred­ state, so McGraw was prosecuted in a state court There was a dramatic resurgence of kidnap- die Delbert Smith was identified as the kidnaper "Tania" (Patricia Hearst) on a charge of posing as a kidnaper. On June 4,

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.~ ______.. ______iili·iiI· ·1Ii-·iiiii .. ·~.'···_·~·r.!··'~·"'· ..... <~··· -~.' ,<, 1974, he was sentenced to serve five years to life. 14, 1973. he was sl10t and killed by FBI Agents .------'------. ship, remained to be disposed of as of June In Fiscal 1974, FBI investigations under the and New York City police officers. FUGITIVES LOCATED 30, 1974. Extortion Statute r~sulted in 68 convictions in IN FBI CASES The FBI investigates major crimes in areas which sentences totaled 262 years, two months Interstate Crimes THOUSANDS where the Federal Govern\11ent has exclusive or and 15 days in actual, susl?ended and probation­ 40~---~~---r----~ concurrent jurisdiction, and on Indian reserva­ Interstate automobile rings operated by ary terms. (There were 62 convictions in Fiscal tions where this jurisdiction has not been granted professional thieves contin1.led to be a challeng­ 1973.) Fines of $2,750 were imposed and re­ to the states. ing problem for the FBI in. Fiscal 1974. As of coveries amounted to $2,600. Some 61 fugitives During Fiscal 1974, some 1,876 convictions June 30, 1974, appl'oximatfJly 230 active automo­ charged with extortion were located, including 30 resulted from FBI investigations in these cate­ bile theft ring cases were under investigation. one who shot and wounded an arresting Agent in gorie; (1,732 convictions in fiscal year 1973). Roanoke, Virginia, on January 28, 1974. FBI investigations 'resulted in 1,871 con­ vict-ions of persons for violations of the Inters ta te Fines totaling $92,853 and savings amounting to $236,477 were reported. Civil Rights Violations Transportation of Stolett Motor Vehicle (ITSMV) 20 Statute during the fis'cal year. Fines in the Theft of Government Property amount of $278,422 were levied on convicted During the highly publicized trucker's strike Recoveries of stolen government property offenders. and blockade in early February. 1974, the II'BI totaled $4,085,192 in FBI investigations during A New York City, bank in November, 1973, conducted more than 100 investigations of possi­ 10 Fiscal 1974. Convictions resulting from these discovered that $15,350,000 in U. S. Treasury ble civil rights violations. investigations reached 926 - 134 more than the bills was missing. As a result of FBI investi­ ln one of thelSe cases, a trucker was killed previous fiscal year. gation, $13,610,000 worth of stolen Treasury by a rock dropped on the cab of his truck. Five The FBI's Albany Office arrested three per­ bills was recovered and 14 subjects arrested. individuals have pleaded guilty (and are awaiting o sons (two of them former university students) in This was a violation of the interstate Trans­ sentencing). Civil rights Violations are both crim­ 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 a of the Reserve Officers Training Corps portation of Stolen Properly (lTSP) Statute, which inal and civil in nature and FBI investigations in FISCAL YEARS arms room at Cornell University, Ithaca, New falls within FBI jurisdiction. this area are closely coordinated with the Civil York. Some $9,732 worth of military equipment, During Fiscal 1974, 1.381 convictions were Rights Division of the Department of Justice. factor was intensified investigative effort by the including M·14 automatic rifles, was recovered. obtained under this statute following FBI inves­ Following extensive FBI investigation, FBI in this area. The three subjects have been convicted and tigations. Stolen pwperty valued at over $(;3 five persons were convicted in Detroit, Michigan, Some 55 convictions wele recorded during sentenced. million was recovered. Actual, suspended and May 21, 1973, in connection with the burning of the fiscal year. Sentences totaled more than 66 Assaulting or Killing Federal ten school buses used for busing of students probationary sentences imposed totaled 5,914 years and fines exceeded $1!10,OOO. Forty-three pursuant to a court order for school desegregation. years, 11 months and 29 days. Fines leVied fugitives were located. Officers and Other Government amounted to $333,812. Some 1,233 fugWves were Then new information developed, and six addi­ Crime on Government and Officials tional indictments were obtained on May 22, 1974. located. Prosecution was pending as of June 30, 1974. One of the major violations of the Theft From Indian Reservations Some 145 FBI Agents were assaulted during Interstate Shipment (TFIS) Statute investigated The 71-day takeover of Wounded Knee, South Fiscal 1974. Fugitive Investigations by the FBI in Fiscal 1974, involved the theft of Dakota, by the American Indian Movement (AIM) Investigations of these offenses, and as­ more than 7,000 airline tickets, valued at more and sympathizers has resulted in one of the most saults on, or killing of, certain other Federal em­ An all-time high of 37,891 FBI fugitives than $2 million, whioh were part of' an interstate expensive investigations in FBI histo.~y. ployees performing their duties, or resulting from were located during Fiscal 1974. Those appre­ shipment. The investigation, continuing as the 1974 such performance, come within FBI jurisdiction. hended included bank robbers, kidnapers and The tickets were used for travel throughout fiscal year ended, required in excess of 150 Spe­ Also investigated are a'ssaults, killings or kid­ deserters, as well as felons wanted by local the United States, Europe and the Far East. ,- But cial Agents a day at its height. It deals with napings of members or members-elect of Congress. authorities. Some 3,478 were sought at the travels were interrupted for the 21 subjects who Federal crimes committed on the Pine Ridge In these categories during Fiscal 1974, con­ specific request of state and local authorities had been arrested by the FBI at the close of the Reservation of the Oglala Sioux Tribe. victions totaled 124. Actual, suspended and pro­ for violations of the Fugitive Felon Act. fiscal year. The operational phase of the FBI's work at bationary sentences totaled 472 yea.l's, 11 months Ten Most Wanted fugitives Twymon Ford Two major factorr,. contributed to a 206 per­ Wounded Knee ended when the leaders cf AIM and 23 days. Fines amounted to $24,990. Some Myel's and Herman Bell were targets of extensive cent increase in convictions resulting from' FBI ended the siege of the village May 8, 1973. 43 fugitives were arrested. FBI investigations. Both were allegedly mem­ investigations under the Interstate Transportation Thereafter, the FBI concentrated its forces bers of a group involved in a series of violent of Obscene Matter (ITOM) Statute in Fiscal 1974. to investigate Federal violations arisinfj from the Police Killings orimes. FBI Agents arrested Bell in New Or­ One was the June, 1973, Supreme Court de­ siege and to prepare for trials. During Fiscal 1974, 120 local and state leans on September 9, 1973. When Myers resisted cisions which enunciated new criteria for deter­ More than 240 alleged violations related to police officers were slain while performing their arrest with automatio weapon fire on November mining whether material was obscene. The other the Wounded Knee ta·keover, not involving leader- duties in the United States and Puetto Rico­ T ext continued on page 10 6 7

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Summary of Statistics for the 1974 Fiscal Year Summary of Statistics for the 1974 Fiscal Year ACTUAL, SUSPENDED ACTUAL, SUSPENDED AND PROBATIONARY AND PROBATIONARY SENTENCES SENTENCES * CONVIC. * FINES FUGITIVES CONVIC. FINES FUGITIVES TIONS Years Months Days IMPOSED SAYINGS RECOYERI ESLOCA TEO CLASS I FICATION TITLE TIONS Years Months Days IMPOSED SAVINGS R ECOVERI ES LOCATED CLASSIFiCATION i"TLE IHTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF TOTALS IS,240 56,735 3 12 56,095,310 $208,510,323 $274,618,385 37,891 FIREWORKS 2 6,200 ADMIRAL TY MATTERS 500 9,556,639 194,000 INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF 1,550 2,114 ANTIRACKETEERING 119 592 5 11 117,500 2,327,401 64 GAMBLING DEVICES 5 6 3 ANTIRIOT LAWS 263,369 11 INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF ANTITRUST 128 51 1,706,200 88,566,000 LOTTERY TICKETS i ASCERTAINING FINANCIAL ABILITY INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF 1,5J6, J II 43 ASSAULTING OR KILLING A FEDERAL OBSCEHE MA TTl'R 55 66 5 13 150,800 15,825 OFFICER 11 23 24,990 2,540 43 INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF \24 * 472 10 AND EMBEZZLEMENT - STOLEN CATTLE 19 62 7 17 2,100 91,102 1,066 3,329 11 9 269,666 71,359 ,14,650,213 428 INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF BANK FRAUD AND EMBEZZLEMENT - STOLEN MOTOR VEHICLES OR 5 272,422 103,000 12,548,195 1,045 FEDERAL CREDIT UNIO~~ 67 208 8 23 5,550 299,905 31 AIRCRAFT 1,871 6,378 4 BANK FRAUD AND EMBEZZLEMEI'IT - INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATIOH OF 1,233 SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION 67 221 1 15 14,975 525,913 23 STOLeN I'ROPERTY 1,381 5,914 11 29 333,812 7,988,151 63,836,69il BANK ROBBERY, BURGLARY ANb LARCENY 1,871 * 18,643 7 24 151,535 6,348,388 984 INTERSTAT E TRANSPORTATION OF BILLS OF LADING ACT 1 WAGERING PARAPHERNALIA 3 6 750 14 BOMBING MA TTERS 11 48 5 18 3 INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE AHD SLAVERY 5 21 BOND DEFAULT 251 701 1 9 21,480 78,960 153,696 477 IRREGULARITIES IN FEDERAL PENAL 1,280 4 BRIBERY AlW CONFLICT OF INTEREST 63 192 1 255,850 80,000 10 INSTITUTIONS 33 92 4 1 750 789,486 68 CIVIL RIGHTS 28 87 3 7 KIDNAPIHG 96 928 7 10 4,800 * 1 CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 1 8 7,502,323 LABOR MANAGEMENT RELATIONS ACT 3 10 2 14,000 CONTEMPT OF COURT 61 T4 10 10 7,825 2 LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND 1,500 3 COPYRIGHTS 80 50 4 21 48,000 8,437,160 11 DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 20 66 16,840 COURT OF CLAIMS 14,748,550 MAIL FRAUDS 33 123 9 10,000 301,164 10 CRIME ABOA,RD AIRCRAFT 131 262 4 27 15,570 303,424 30 MIGRATORY BIRD ACT 2 345 * 1,608,124 12 CRIMES ON THE HIGH SEAS 19 33 5 10 1,300 330,600 3 MISCELLANEOUS 202 * 432 2 23 37,450 22,173,807 18 CUSTOMS LAWS AND SMUGGLING 1 NATIONAL BANKRUPTCY ACT 27 91 7 1 18,600 690,084 DESERTION, IiARBORING DESERTERS, NEUTRALITY ACT AND RELATED ENTICING TID DESERT 2 5 1 2,868 22,224 STATUTES 3 16 6 20 DESTRUCT/ON OF AIRC;RAFT 61 11 6 10 14,269 500 4 OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE 67 233 4 23 79,100 500 DESTRUCTIONI OF INTERSTATE PROI'ERTY 3 3 3 PASSI'ORTS AND VISAS 4 DISCRIMINA TION IN HOUSING 6,500 1 PERJURY 60 175 3 19,200 17 2,755 3 ELECTIOI'I LAWS 28 63 7 55,000 3 POLICE KILLINGS ESCAPED FEDERAL PRISONERS, PAROLE, PROTECTION OF FOREIGN NATIONALS 2 3 6 500 PROBATION, MID CONDITIONAL RE· RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND 4,977 4 LEASE VIOLA.TORS 783 1,555 4 2 3,075 6,240 58,816 CORRUPT ORGANIZA TIOH5 13,500 2,465 7,892,000 ESPIONAGE 13,750 REHEGOTIATION ACT 1 10 1 EXTORTION 68 262 2 15 2,750 650 2,600 61 SABOTAGE SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT 882 2,655 2 25 125,7:12 2,260 EXTORT/ONATE CREDIT TRANSACTIONS 39 213 70,250 698,588 39 1,(,00 29 FALSELY CLAIMING CITIZENSHIP 2 5 750 SPORTS BRIBERY 2 4 SWITCHBLADE KNIFE ACT 1 1 FEDERAL FIREARMS ACTS 72 299 4 8,200 2,191 13 22:1,328 78,691 21,960,147 619 FEDERAL HOUSING ADMINISTRATION THEFT FROM INTERSTATE SHIPMENT 1,005 3,111 2 9 MATTERS 110 220 10 2 289,550 i'75,325 37,6J8 THEFT, EMBEZZLEMENT, OR ILLEGAL 59 106,304 4,085,192 316 FEDERAL LENDING AND INSURANCE POSSESSION OF GOYERNMENT PROPERTY 926 1,703 2 AGENCIES 40 106 9 27,500 304,352 10 UNLAWFUL FLIGHT TO AVOID PROSE· CUTION, CONFINEMENT OR THE GIVING FEDERAL TORT CLAIMS ACT 144,312,729 952,588 129,555 3,478 FEDERAL TRAIN WRECK STATUTE 3 21 8 208 3 OF TESTIMONY 2 II 13 38 6,500 13,351 15 FRAUD AGAINST THE GOYERNMENT 171 481 5 28 118,964 49,1,245 1.B23,574 69 VETERANS ADMINISTRATION MATTERS GOYERNMENT ANb INDIAN RESERVATION WELFARE AND PENSION PLANS 6 200 35,343 2 MATTERS 1,876 3,317 10 28 92,853 236,477 757 DISCLOSURE ACT 8 16 * 48 188 4 3,000 1,300 72 HARBORING FUGlllVES 8 28 3 11 WfIITE SLAVE TRAFFIC ACi ILLEGAL GAMBLING BUSINESS 775 2,164 6 4 1,011,345 2,538,494 447 ILLEGAL WEARING OF UNII'ORM AND * LIFE SENfENCES _ 42 (KIDNAPING - 19; MISCELLANEOUS - 5; GOVERNMENT & INDIAN MA HERS - 6; RELATED STATUTES 74 46 7 16 3,695 352 10 ASSAUL TlNG OR KILLING A FEDERAL OFFICER - 2; BANK ROBBERY - 8; IMPERSDNA TION 43 111 7 17 2,525 15,000 15,386 67 CRIME ABOARD AIRCRAFT - 2) liHI:RCEPTION OF COMMUNICATIONS 18 70 6 14,550 10 DEA TH SENTENCES - NONE INTERSTATE OBSCENE OR GAMBLING DEVICES CONFISCATED - 279 (INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF GAMBLING DEVICES - 20B; HARASSING TELEPHONE CALLS 8 12 2 850 3 ILLEGAL GAMBLING BUSINESS - 71) INTI:RSTATE TRANSMiSSION OF WAGERING INFORMATION 53 73 3 116,900 28,162 30 INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION IN AID OF RACKETEERING 139 373 6 2 202,600 200,000 145,147 171

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eight less than the previous fiscal year. determined, Seven had been senten ced or were ------;------Howeverj , during the 1973 calendar year, awaiting court action as the fiscal year ended 131 polioe officers were killed in the United .June 30. One hijacker, Samuel Byck, committed Accounting and :Ef'r:'aud States and Puerto Rico, establishing a record. suicide after' sing shot in the chest by a security Pursuant to !1 1971 Pl'esidential Directive, guard. the FBI participates in investigations of such ~lIatters Byck had shot and killed a security guard ------...---- __I- _____ -~----...... -~ ...-- killings upon written request of the head of a at Baltimore-Washington International Airport local law enforcement agency, in addition to while forcing his way aboard an aircraft bound making available the services of the FBI Lab­ for , Georgia. When lehe pilot said he ",\Vhite Collar" Crimes and bating "White Collar" crime during Fiscal 1974, oratory, Identification Division, National Crime could not take off, Byck shot him and killed the Com pu ter Frauda convictions totaling 3,091 were recorded-l,585 Information Center and handling out-or-state copilot. more than the previous fiscal year. These of­ leads. FBI investigative jurisdiction also extends A dramatic rise in financial manipulations, fenses include fraud, embezzlement, bribery and Crime Aboard Aircraft to WillfUl destruction or damage to CIVil aircraft computer frauds, and "White' Collar" crimes in conflict of interest. or passenger-carrying motor vehicles engaged in general has placed increast~d responsibilities Aircraft hijackings and related crimes interstate, overseas or foreign commerce. False on the FBI. Bank Fraud and Embezzlement aboard aircraft took a nosedive during Fiscal reports and attempts to destroy or damage are These criminal offenses usnally aru com·· Matters 1974, largely as a result of increased security included. mitt.ed by persons in responsible positions in precautions at airports throughout the nation. Some 61 convictions arose from FBI inves­ Gov0rnment, private business and labo~', and There has been an extraordinary upward During the fiscal year, eight persons hijacked tigations in this category during Fiscal 1974, occasionally involve a great deal of fInesse. spiral in the number or cases and total shortages or tried to hijack six ail'Craft in the United States, resulting in 11 years, 6 months and 10 days in Fr.equently, large contingents of expert FBI ac­ in Bank FraUd and Embezzlement matters han­ a marked reduction from fiscal year 1973, when actual, suspended and probaUonary sentences. Gounta.nts are requil'ed to conduct detailed ana· dled by the FBI during the last decade. And the 28 persons were involved in 14 such incidents. Fines exceeded $14,000 and four fugitives were lyses of both conventional and automated record cases have become increasingly complex. The identities of the eight hijackers were located. keeping systems including computers to unravel Cases from Fiscal 1964 through Fiscal 1974 comple:1t financial machinations. rose from 2,728 tn 7,820, representing a sharp The FBI is coping with these modern-day upsurge in losses to our nation's banking in­ crimes by familiarizing our Special Agent Ac­ stitutions - $19.4 million in Fiscal 1964 to countants with the latest accounti.ng s11stems in $151.1 mUlion in Fiscal 1974. The 1974 losses Government and private business. Seminars have do not include two ct<.$es still under investiga­ been held at Quantico, Virginia, tor our Field and tion as of June 30 in which potential losses were Headquarters supervisory staff a.nd investigative in excess of $300 million. There wel'e 30 cases Agents as well as members of the United States under investigation in whi.ch the amount of short­ AttornelYs' Offices and Department of Ju:;!'tice ages exceeded $1 million and 213 cases where Attorneys who are responsible for prosecuting the shortages ranged from $100,000 to $1 million, "WhitE) Collar" criminals. as the fiscal year ended. Prominent guest speakers whQ are experts in A substantial portion of the los~ies was em­ their fieilds lectured at the,se seminars, on a wide bezzled by highly trusted bank offioers and di­ variel;y of topics dealing directly with '·White rectors who used, sophisticated and complex Collar" crimes and cC'Imputer fra.uds. rrhese sCiiet!)8s involving computers, nmltinational­ spea.kers inclUded professors from two leading channeling of funds and conspj,r-aoy with non­ universities, officials from the Department of bankers to cal'ry out their crimes, Justice and other Government agemcies, a bank seeurity officer, a representative for a nationally Bankruptcy and Antitrust Matters known CPA fit'm and a representative from the National District Attorneys Association. The FBI investigations !,mder the National Bank­

-<-'- -.:-...... ~~'-.,,-"'--'-, .....,_ ..... ~ ...... ,: ./2_~. __ 4,:~'. ....,. '-.",.,,_, '-"'_: ,., FBI will continue to hold similar seminars during ruptcy Act, based on aH.eged concealment of Tense drama unfolds as three ;ubjects (weari~'g" h~t;, sungl~sses) emerge from Memphis, Tennassee, fiscal year 1975 for its personnel, as well as assets from the Bankruptcy Court and related bank they robbed, with ,three employees as hostages •• two women and man in white dress shirt. They ron members of the United States Attorneys' Offices offenses, include plannEld bankl'llpteies engi­ down a pollee officer WIth their car and shl'.lt another police officer before their car was rammed by a tele. throughout the country, and possibly local law neel'l3d by the criminal unde~world and unscrupu­ vision reporter and a police car. Two of the subjects Were taken into custody by Memphis police oft~r enforcement people. lou~ businessmen who make large purchases on being ordered out of car by SAC ThGodore L. Gunderson, Memphis FBI Office. Third subiect cQmmitted suicide. (P'hoto courtesy Memphis Press-Scimitar, and Staff Photogropher, James R. Reid) As a result of increased emphasis in com- credit and thereafter seH at prices below cost,

10 11 leaving legitimate creditors with nothing. United Mine Workers (UMW) leader Joseph Albert copyright violations commonly referred to as detective agencies use "bugs" to intercept During Fiscal 1974, FBI investigations in Yablonski, his wife and daughter, has resulted "tape piracy." Public Law 92-140 protects conversations. On occasion, industrial espionage these matters resulted in 27 convictions and in the convictions of nine persons on either copyrighted sound recordings made on or after is involved. During Fiscal 1974, cases inves­ fines and recoveries totaling $708,684. Federal charges of interference with a union February 15, 197£, During Fiscal 1974, FBI tigated by the FBI resulted in 18 convictions The FBI, at the request of the Department member's right or State of Pennsylvania investigations resulted in 80 convictions, and with fines and recoveries totaling $14,550. of Justice, investigates' alleged violations of charges. Those convicted included William recovery of more than $8.4 million in illegal tapes Federal Statutes relating to Contempt of Antitrust Laws. These investigations relate to Anthony Boyle, former president of UMW. and duplicating equipment. Court, Obstruction of Justice and Perjury were monopolies and restraints of trade in interstate Other FBI investigations resulted in pros­ Interception of Commuuications matters in­ enacted by Congress to uphold the dignity and commerce, which threaten the economic structure ecutions of persons who committed "white-collar" volve the illegal use or possession of surrep­ sanctity of the Federal judiciary system and to of our free enterprise system. The Department of crimes concerning union activities. titious listening devices commonly known as insure the proper administration of justice. Justice may bring either criminal or civil pro­ The 1974 fiscal year saw an upward trend in "bugs." These violations often involve domestic During Fiscal 1974, FBI investigations under ceedings against the person or corporation re­ the number and complexity of commercial ex­ and marital discord situations in which private these statutes resulted in 188 convictions. sponsible for such violations. tortion cases investigated by the FBI. These During Fiscal 1974, FBI investigations in cases involved violations of the Hobbs Act where­ these matters resulted in 128 convictions and the in persons attempted to obtain payoffs of millions imposition of fines and recoveries totaling of dollars from banks and other businesses by $90,272,200. holding hostages, making threats of bombing, or BANK FRAUD AND EMBEZZLEMENT MATTERS other violence. Hobbs Act convictions during Fraud Against the Government; Fiscal 1974 jumped 57 percent over those of NUMBER OF CONVICTIONS Bribery Fiscal 1973. Fines, savings and recoveries were 1,200 A special project in which the FBI has a up 76 percent over those of the previous 'fiscal major investigative role has been underway since year. August, 1972, to combat fraud in programs ad­ ministered by the Federal Housing Administration Watergate (FHA). To date, 23 of the larger cities in the About 150 cases involving possible violations country have been designated as "task force" of Federal laws have been investigated by the cities where extensive investigationEl are under­ FBI at the request of the Watergate Special way to ferret out corrupt real estate dealers, sales­ Prosecution Force and the Criminal Division of men and mortgage lending institutions who prey the Department of Justice. These included vio­ on the unsuspecting home purchaser. lations involving Interception of Communications, During Fiscal 1974, 110 persons were con­ Election Laws, Bribery, Perjury, Obstruction of victed of violations growing out of fraudulent Justice, Fraud Against the Government and practices in various Federal housing programs. Conspiracy. 1970 1971 1912 1973 1974 In addition to convictions for violations of FHA The FBI has been the prinCipal investigative laws, indictments have been returned Which arm of the Special Prosecutor's Office. Some 58 FISCAL YEAR 1974 charge Bribery, Fraud Against the Government, of the FBI's 59 Field Offices have been involved Fiscal Year 1974 proved to be an all time high in bank fraud and embezzlement convictions. Conspiracy and Obstruction of Justice violations. in the Watergate-related investigations. To date, The following tabulation shows the results prosecutive action has been taken against 45 of increased fraud- and bribery-type investigations: persons and/or corporations. Of this number, Fines, Savings 29 have been sentenced and additional court Convictions & Recoveri es proceedings are pending with respect to the others. Requests by the Watergate Special FY 1972 292 $11,216,402 Prosecution Force for additional investigations FY 1973 320 19,931,471 continued to be received by the FBI as· the FY 1974 399 4,227,579 fiscal year ended. . Labor-Management Crimes and Other Investigative Matters Commercial The FBI and Department of Justice have FBI investigation of the brutal of intensified enforcement efforts in combating

12 13

I J union movement, the Party is working toward on their members at gatherings have all but fail­ .. ------building communist shop clubs in basic industry ed, the impact of these attacks has bolstered its and reviving communist shop papers. This is contention that it is necessary to use violence Internal Security in line with the CPUSA's present industrial con­ to achieve socialism. centration policy. Lyn Marcus, National Chairman, has pre­ dicted that his organization will have gained -----~------~---~------Progressive Labor Party state power in the United States by 1979 and world power by the year 2000. At its National Counterespionage with the inordinate increase of Soviet-bloc of­ The Progressive Labor Party (PLP), a com­ Conference in May, 1974, Marcus described the ficials and the entry of thousands of East-West munist organization which advocates the over­ the NCLC as a third major political force in The arrest of James David Wood in an es­ visitors and commercial representative s, has re~ throw of the U. S. Government, continues to the world. exert the controlling influence in the Worker pionage meeting with First Secretary Viktor A. qllired the FBI to assign additional personnel Domestic Terrorist Matters Chernyshev of the Soviet Embassy, Washington, to maintain the constant vigilance necessary to Student Alliance faction of the Students for a D. C., on July 21, 1973, evidenced continued detect and deal with foreigl1'iHspired threats to Democratic Society (SDS/WSA) in the latter's Developments in the field of domestic ter­ Soviet efforts to penetrate the United States in­ the sect~rity of the United States. programs aimed at influencing students to adopt rorism continued to receive the close attention of telligence community. revolutionary behavior through campus chapters the FBI during Fiscal 1974. These develop­ When arrested, Wood, a Special Agent in the Communist Party, USA throughout the United States. Its major activity, ments included: U. S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations The Communist Party, USA (CP'(J3A), Con­ however, involves its complete domination and Urban guerrilla activity including sllch crimes (OSI), had numerous classified documents which tinues to be an arm of the international com w control of its front group, the Workers Action as political~style ltidlwpil1gs. he intended to deliver to Chernyshev. munist movement dominated by the Soviet Union Movement (WAM), which has as its goal the build­ All increase in the foreign influellce 011 Wood entered a plea of guilty before a Court­ (SU) , and as such constitutes a threat to the ing of a rank-and-file base within labor unions. domestic grollps. Martial Board to espionage charges on Decem­ security of the United States. Through its slogan "30 hours' work for 40 hours' The targeting of correctional systems by retJ~ ber 6, 1973. Chernyshev, who had diplomatic The combined membership of the CPUSA pay" the WAM has attracted numerous new mem­ olutiollary and domestic terrorist elements. immunity, departed the United States on August and its youth arm, the Young Workers Liberation bers who were subsequently influenced to join Aiming to demonstrate the "establishment" 15, 1973. League (yWLL), is approximately 4,200. the PLP. Although it only has a present mem e is vulnerable to overthrow, urban guerrillas con­ Soviet-bloc personnel in the United S tatas-­ The YWLL has established chapters through­ bership of approximately 500, the PLP was tinued to commit violent acts against society, assigned to United Nations Missions, the United out the United States for the purpose of educating able to attract nearly 1,000 participants from with the main target being the police. Three Nations Secretariat and official diplomatic estab­ youth in Marxist-Leninist doctrine, hopefully to throughout the country to a mass demonstration in police officers were killed and 16 wounded in lishments, as well as Soviet-bloc visitors under develop them for membership in the CPUSA. Most Washington, D. C., in May, 1974, to protest urban guerrilla-related attacks du~ing Fiscal 1974. the East-West Exchange Program and commercial of the YWLL cadre enjoy dual membership in the against raCism, unemployment, high prices, union There were 77 reported incidents of possible agreements--always have included elements of YWLL and the CPUSA. contracts and wages. There is a strong possi­ urban guerrilla-type activities against society. foreign intelligence services, as illustrated by The CPUSA is presently concentrating its bility it may achieve its announced goal of 1,000 A prime example of an urban guerrilla group the Wood case. efforts in the areas of so-called "political re­ members before the end of 1974. is the Black Liberation Army, which has netted In July, 1960, there were 557 Soviet-bloc pression" and the trade union movement. Its close to a half-million dollars in "expropriations" officials in the United States. By July, 1974, the front, the National Alliance Against Racist National Caucus of Labor --robberies to gain funds for revolutionary ac­ official Soviet-bloc presence had increased to and Political Repression (NAARPR), is targeted Committees tivity. 1,492 Witll a commensurate increase in personnel against the American penal system in connection Fiscal 1974 saw the advent of such crimes involved in intelligence activities. with the Party's concentration on alleged po­ The National Caucus of Labor Committees as political-style kidnaping by an urban guer­ The People's Republic of China (PRC) litical repression. The NAARPR is an out­ (NCLC), a violence~oriented organization which rilla group, tactics heretofore confined to dis­ Mission to the United Nations, established in growth of the National United Committee to Free has described itself as an "organization of rev­ cussion and study in manuals and "communiques" New York City in November, 1971. with a staff Angela Davis, which was established by the olutionary socialists/" originated as the Students on urban guerrilla warfare. of 52 people, had increased to 86 as of July 1, CPUSA to set up a legal defense for Angela for a Democratic Society Labor Committee and is There has been continued anti-United States 1974. Yvonne Davis, a Party functionary who had been continuing its efforts to become the dominant influence from abroad on domestic terrorist groups The Liaison Office, PRC, opened in Wash­ imprisoned in California on kidnaping, murder ,and Left group in the United States. It now has chap­ including influence from the Caribbean (par­ ington, D. C., in April, 1973, with 10 represent­ conspiracy charges, and was subsequently ac­ ters in more than 40 cities in this country and ticularly Cuba), Africa and the Middle East. atives. That staff has grown to 68. The Liaison quitted. The NAARPR has held a number of dem­ affiliated chapters in Italy, Sweden, France, West Our correctional systems have become targets Office, as well as the PRC Mission to the United onstrations around the country, ostensibly to Germany and Canada. While the efforts of the of revolutionary-type groups from within and with­ Nation.s, represents a potential' base for intel­ assist "political" prisoners and those in "death organization to weaken other communist, Trotsky­ out. 1I ligence operations in this country. This, coupled row. Relative to its targeting of the trade ist and socialist groups through physical attacks The Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA),

14 15

------_____;I'------~- -~~-----~ ~------

a multiracial revolutionary group, claimed respon~ lations of Federal laws, as well as local laws sibility for the ambush slaying of the Oakland, in which the assistance of the FBI had been re~ acts in order that action may be taken to insure California, Superintendent of Schools in Novem­ quested. Because of their clandestine manner they will be unsuccessful. Protection of Foreign Officials and Official ber, 1973, and for the kidnaping of the daughter of operation, their use of numerous false iden­ Guests of the United States, in October, 1972, of Randolph Hearst, prominent publisher. The tities, and help from above-ground support in­ Puerto Rican Independence the FBI has investigated more than 300 possible SLA was formed by white revolutionaries and dividuals, they had managed to avoid apprehen­ Movement violations. black prison inmates as a result of visits to sion at the close of the fiscal year. Eight recent arrests resulted from FBI in­ The Castro Government of Cuba continues to prisons. In its "declaration of war," the SLA vestigations under this Act. Bombing Matters champion the cause of complete independence of On August 27, 1973, a letter bomb ex­ called for the destruction of the capitalistic Puerto Rico from the United States. In June, state, the control of industry, the destruction of ploded .a~ the British Embassy at Washington, One of the most significant recent bombing 1974, Juan Mad Bras, Secretary General of' the the prison system and the seizure of state- and D. C., lllJuring Mrs. Nora Murray, personal sec­ cases involved a group of individuals self-de­ home-based Marxist-Leninist Partido Socialista capitalist-owned land to be given to the •'people:' re~a:y to the Commander, British Army Staff, scribed as the "Northwest Liberation Front." Puertorriqueno (Socialist. Party of Puerto Rico), BntIsh Embassy. Representatives of the FBI (PSP) visited Cuban Government officials to Hate Groups FBI investigation was instituted when two mil­ Laboratory went to the crime scene and recon­ itary recruiting offices in Portland, Oregon, were help marshal world unity in supporting Puerto structed the evidence. British OffielD-Is, utilizing Hate groups, which advocate white suprem­ bombed. Extensive FBI work disclosed a series Rican independence. In furtherance of its stated the envelope reconstructed by the FBI Lab" acy, are primarily antiblack, anti-Semitic, and, of crimes, Federal and local, perpetrated by aspirations and in sympathy with the revolution­ oratory, developed two s\lspects. Both suspects in some cases, anticommunist. Prominent among members of the group. Thus far the continuing ary govemment of Cuba, the PSP also maintains are known Irish terrorists and they have been these organizations which seek to deny others investigation has resulted in sentences totaling a permanent representative in Cuba charged in connection with other bombings in their constitutional rights are the National 62 yeai's, given to six individuals who pleadp,t The Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico (NPPR) the British Isles. States Rights Party (NSRP), the National Social­ guilty to charges of violations of Federal bomb­ another domestic i'evolutionary organization which ist White People's Party (NSWPP), the Minute­ ing. bank robbery and gun control statutes. An­ has as its avowed goal Puerto Rico's complete in­ Atomic Energy Act men (MM), and the Klan. other individual was placed in the custody of dependence from the United States, on June 12, The Klan is the largest of these groups, the Attorney General as a young adult offender 1974, commemorated the birth of the Puerto Publicity concerning the possibility of with the United Klans of America, Inc. (UKA) , following his trial and conviction. Rican flag and publicly reaffirmed its objec­ nuclear blackmail by terrorists has made avail­ Knights of the Ku Klux Klan being the most dom­ The FBI has investigative jurisdiction re­ tives of total separation from the United States. able to the public detailed information relative inant Klan group. Although total K1an membership garding some of the violations established by Protection of Foreign Officials to nuclear energy, radioactive material and the has declined 'considerably during the past two Title 18, Section 844, U. S. Code, the Federal the. storage and tl'ansportation of nuclear weapons. years, Klansmen have continued to be involved bombing statute, based on the provisions of the and Official Guests of the TlllS has resulted in an increase in the number in violent crimes such as bombings, assault statute and Department of Justice guidelines. United States of investigations involving possible violations and murder. Recent incidents indicate the continuing un­ of the Atomic Energy Act. This trend is ex­ lawful use of explosives by radical groups such Since the enactment of the Act for the pected to continue. Weatherman as the Weather Underground. The revolutionary Weatherman group con­ There were 1,912 actual and attempted bomb­ tinued its terrorist activities against the Govern­ ings reported to the FBI in Fiscal 1974. ment and private enterprise during Fiscal 1974. Advocating Marxist-Leninist ideology , Weath­ International Terrorist Matters erman boasted they were responsible for ex­ plosions at the International Telephone and Several recent incidents involving foreign­ Literature pictured, as well as news­ Telegraph Building in New York City on Sep­ inspired terrorism were attributable to the Arab paper clippings concerning Patrl cl a tember 28, 1973, the office of California State terl.'Qrist movement. While the current U. S. Hearst and the sniper att.ack by tolarl< Attorney General in Los Angeles on lVIay 31, peace offensive in the Middle East continued, Essex In New Orleans, Louisiana, Was some Palestinian groups rejected any negotiated found in the apartment of subject who 1974. and the 29th floor of the Gulf Oil Cor­ shot a police officer from ambush in poration Building in Pittsburgh on June 13, 1974. settlement of the Middle East question and con­ Detroit, Michigan, and died in an ex­ Communications from this group, which now refers tinued to call for violence directed against change of gunfire. to itself as the Weather Underground, expressed United States interests. The FBI, in cooperation support for the Symbionese Liberation Army's with other U. S. Government agencies and acts of terrorism. friendly foreign intelligence services, continues At the end of Fiscal 1974, there were 24 to be alert for individuals entering or attempting Weatherman members wanted by the FBI for vio- to enter the United States to carry out terrorist

16 17

-~-~---- survived, although she suffered a broken leg and systems of bloodstains in addition to the ABO, ------,...------~---~----- .. --... ---.... -- hip, and other injuries. She swam to the shore M~ and Rh systems the Laboratory is currently and though suffering intense pain she pulled her­ usmg. The Scanning Electron Microscope is be~ Cooperative Se~rvices self' up the shale side of the riverbank to a road ing used in these studies. where she was found by a passing motorist. A planned area of' research in the Chemical -" ______..wIlI __ ~ _____ .... ____ • ______Two suspects were arrested and brought to Research Science Unit is the individualization of trial. In addition to the 16-year-old victim's petroleum products, materials ranging from crude testimony, FBI Laboratory experts testified that Continued an active and productive re­ oil to refined products such as gasoline and oth­ hairs and blood found in the suspects' vehicle er similar commercial products. FBI LABORATORY search and development program to in­ were like that of the surviving victim. Both SllS­ Another program initiated by this Unit is the sure quality and up-to-date service to Now into its fifth decade of operations, the pects were found guilty of the charges against characterization of writing ink components with a law enforcement agencies. FBI Laboratory reached record levels of achieve­ them and were sentenced to death. view toward determining whether or not the writ­ the more than half-million examinations ments in Fiscal 1974. Assuming a leading role or ing inks recovered from a document can be posi~ in the field of forensic science, the Laboratory conducted by the FBI Laboratory, 25 percent were Research tively identified by chemical means independ­ conducted an all-time high of 557,454 examina­ for agencies other than the FBI. These examina­ ently. without relying solely upon comparison tions - a 4.9 percent increase over the previous tions are performed on a cost-free basis. The new Research Group was launched in methods. During December, 1973, the FBI Laboratory fiscal year's total. April, 1974. The Physical Science Research Unit is in~ A total of 43,965 requests were received by sponsored the first national symposium for direc­ One of the aims of the Biological Science volved with determinations as to whether or not a the FBI Laboratory for the examination of 336,834 tors of crime laboratories. The purpose of this Research Unit is to evaluate and study grouping particular individual has recently fired a weapon. specimens during the fiscal year. The 557,454 symposium, which was held at the FBI Academy examinations conducted on these specimens at Quantico, Virginia, was to determine how the consisted of: FBI Laboratory might better assist other labora­ " " ' 261,012 dealing with document matters. tories in their functions. As a result of this sym­ .' .. '~' :':, .. ,\~ . FBI' ~ABORATOR¥;" .. '~ .' "'.': ':t~".l· 155,102 encompassing gambling, trans~ posium several new training programs, designed to provide specialized training in some areas of . ~xarni~.~tions.· ivlade For.N·on~·F~cler~1 law,' Enfor~ement' A·g'~n'ci~~:· lation and cryptanalytic matters. .' ." \ ,', . .' ' . ,:', ".,., ' 132,182 involving the physical, biolog~ forensic science, have been instituted at the FBI ical and chemical sciences. Academy. Also. the FBI Laboratory has begun 9,158 pertaining to electronics and publication of the "Crime Laboratory Digest." FISCAL YEAR 1974 acoustics. This publication, which deals with all areas of The FBI Laboratory also: forensic science, is distributed to every crime laboratory in the United States and some labora­ , Initiated a new program of assistance 407 to state and local forensic science tories in Canada. At the close of the fiscal year, c;-__ ,'tlU laboratories. four issues of the digest had been published. 974 Provided expert witnesses to testify in The FBI Laboratory consists of four sec­ 849 cases in courts throughout the tions - Cryptanalysis - Gambling - Translation, ... nation. Document, Physics and Chemistry. and Radio ",,---.1- 777 Engineering. Assisted the FBI and other law enforce~ 1,822 ment agencies in the solution and suc~ 541 cessful prosecution of many criminal Interesting Case FOREIGN oases, several of which gained na~ tional prominence. A 16~year~old girl and her stepsister, 11, BAHAMAS 14 CANAL ZONE 27 CANADA 71 Participated in many technical confer~ while on their way to a store, were abducted in a Western state by two males. The older girl was CAYMAN IS. 46 ences, seminars and specialized train­ GUAM 55 ing programs. raped repeatedly by both men. The younger girl b PUERTO RICO 93 Assisted significantly in the training was severely beaten. The girls' abductors attempted to dispose of of law enforcement personnel at' all .0 ... governmental levels. their victims by throwing them off a bridge 150 feet above a river. The younger girl was killed -~ :~~ Contributed to certain areas of forensic HAWAII 219 Q VIRGIN ISLANOS, U.S.A. 484 science through presentation of tech~ instantly when she fell on rocks at the edge of nical papel's. the river. The older girl landed in the water and

19 18 Efforts are also being made by this Unit to may earn up to 16 hours of undergraduate credit associate bullets from the scene of a shooting EXAMINA nONS CONDUCTED r"-''-'--'---~, "'-""1 from the School of Continuing Education, Univer­ with bullets taken from a suspect by composi­ BY THE FBI LABORATORY 1, " I FBI sity of Virginia. Some 832 NA graduates re­ tional anal;, sis when the conventional firearm ceived retraining at the Academy. identification methods c,?nnot be used because of (thousands) t I Four National Symposia were held at the the fragmentary and mutilated condition of the I ! l NATIONAL 557 ! " '".' ,.... i Academy: Functions of the Urban Police, hosted bullets. The Spark Source Mass Spectrograph and 1 ,.. " ;'":"'. I by the FBI in cooperation with the American Bar a new instrument to the Laboratory, the Wave ACADEMY __ .,: '. "~_""""""""'''''' .__ J Association and the International Association of Length Dispersion X-ray Fluorescence Unit, are Chiefs of Police; The Second National Symposium being used in this Unit. First session began on Police-Community Relations; Crime Labora­ July 29, 1935 tory Development; and American Penal Systems. New Developments The National Bomb Data Center (NBDC) dur­ 97 sessions held ing Fiscal 1974, published 10 General Informa­ Requests for case examinations in acoustic tion Bulletins, 29 Technical Bulletins, 10 Special analysis and speaker identification continue to as of June 1974 TechniCians Bulletins, three monthly Incident increase. ~ Summaries and other informative material. Eight During Fiscal 1974, the Laboratory's capa­ FISCAL YEARS regional Bombing Investigators' Schools were bility for detailed acoustical analysis has been TOTAL GRADUATES 8,173 conducted throughout the United States by NBDC. significantly increased with the installation of a creased 400 percent in Fiscal 1974. There are real-time spectrum analyzer. The real-time ana­ how two Special Agent Supervisors and two Phys­ lyzer permits on-line analysis and comparison of ical Science Aides devoting full time to examina­ enforcement schools attended by 343,104 criminal COMPUTER SYSTEMS DIVISION complex acoustical signals and is currently be­ tion of fraudulent copies of these recordings. justice personnel. A broad range of automated data processing ing used both in magnetic tape examinations and There are currently 500 known specimens (legiti­ This instruction covered a broad range of services is provided to the FBI and to law en­ for speaker identification research. mate record albums) in the tape library, and over basic law enforcement subjects as well as topi­ Tape examinations concerning violations of 1,000 questioned recordings have been compared cal subjects such as kidnapings, extremists, forcement agencies throughout the Nation by the the Copyright Law in commercial recordings in- against this library. hostage situations. organized crime, antisniper Compute!' Systems Division. techniques and bombing investigations. The National Crime Information Center TRAINING DMSION, FBI Instructors from the FBI Academy conducted (NCrc) stands at the forefront of these services. POLICE TRAINING ACADEMY more than 155 specialized field schools for law It would be difficult to estimate too highly the enforcement administrators and command person­ value of NCIC to the Nation's efforts against Local, County, and State Police Accomplishments of the FBI Training Divi­ nel in such areas as hostage negotiations, crisis crime. Training Schools Extended sion, centering around the FBI Academy at intervention and executive development. USing a sophisticated telecommunications FBI Assistance Quantico, Virginia, hit record levels during Responding to increased kidnapings and hos­ network involving 86 NCrc control terminals, more than 4.2 million records relating to wanted Fiscal 1974. tage mimes, the FBI has been conducting nation­ ; 10~70 11,013 persons and stolen property in the FBI's NCIC 10,165 I Some 7,286 law enforcement personnel, in­ wide conferences on those topics. It was r.nticj~ I I are instantaneously accessible to more than 6,600 8,568-9 ,11 cluding FBI Agents and employees, received pated that more than 275 such conferences will training at the Academy. The Training Division be conducted during 1974 - one or more in each police agencies and other agencies in tn./') criminal sent 327 new Agents (including 13 women) to field state. justice community. assignments. Also, 2,789 Agents attended a There were foUl' National Academy (NA) ses­ Also, more than 400,000 Computerized Crim­ variety of In-Service training programs. sions during Fiscal 1974 - the 94th through the inal History (CCH) records are maintained in These programs included training in the in­ 97th sessions - from which 996 students were that computer fol' criminal justice use. vestigation of white-collar and organized crime, graduated. This brought the total number of grad­ The membership of NCrc consists of auton­ police community relations, pl1otography I sI?ecial uates to 8,173. Of the nearly 5,000 graduates omous criminal justice agencies in the 50 states, weapons handling in a team concept and super~ still actively engaged in law enforcement at the FBI Field Offices, nine other Federal law en­ visory training for field and head4.uarters perM close of the fiscal year, about one outof five was forcement agencies, the Metropolitan Police sonnel. the executive head of his agency. Department in the District of Columbia and the 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 Specially trained FBI Agents assigned to the Curriculum development during the fiscal Royal Canadian Mounted POlice. FISCAL YEARS Bureau's 59 Field Offices provided 102,739 hours year now makes it possible for an NA student to The NOlO provides links fOl' channeling ot' instruction while participating in 11,013 law tn,ke six hours of graduate work. All NA students these agencies' energies against crime. Daily,

20 21 .------_.~'{f)).

more than 148,000 transactions are handled by enforcement officers. NCIO involving wanted persons (fugitives), The Computer Systems Division provides regarding the whereabouts of missing persons is local, state and Federal court appearances in stolen property and criminal history records. equipment procurement, systems designing and furnished to close relatives, members of Congress these cases. Some 417,900 items were examined Positive responses to wanted person and computer programming support for major projects and public agencies acting in behalf of the in processing these cases, and 5,235 suspects stolen property inquiries by criminal justice in automatic data handling in the FBI. families. were identified through latent fingerprints. agencies average about 900 daily. On March 26. In the investigative field, the Computer There were 5,411 active miSSing person Oourt proceedings related to tbese cases resulted 1974, a record 180,580 NCIO/OOH transactions Systems Division provided assistance in 18 cases notices in file as the fiscal year ended. in 2,102 years in prison terms as well as 73 were processed--representing the handling of of major importance, including the proparation of Progress was made in providing more ef­ life terms and fines totaling $43,050. messages at a rate of more than two messages ransom lists in six kidnaping cases, one of ficient identification services through adoption Wanted notices posted in file increased from a second for 24 hoUl's. which was the kidnaping of newspaper editor of new technology. In August, 1973, the Iden­ 120,977 in Fiscal H)73 to 122,934 in Fiscal 1074. Several major technical improvements were John Reginald Murphy, Atlanta, Georgia. tification Division inaugurated its first automated And ~8,999 fugitives were identified with wanted made during the fiscal year, including automatic process, involving "in house" computerization notices in FBI files. notification of Bureau fugitive "hits" to inter­ IDENTIFICATION SERVICES of first offender record handling. This will Receipts of correspondence, name check ested Fm Field Offices. save considerable manpower in the future, requests and other forms totaled 4,732,163-· up The FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting publica­ Fingerprint receipts by the FBI Identifica­ Extensive testing and appropriate modifi­ two pel'Cent over the 1973 fiscal year. tion Division (celebrating its 50th anniversary in cation of the prototype model of the electronic tion, "Crime in the United States, It continued to I be one of the most widely used documents pub­ 1974) declined from 6,034,310 in Fiscal 1973 to fingerprint reader system known as FINDER have LEGAL COUNSEL DIVISION ! lished by the Federal Government. The broad 5,518,387 in Fiscal 1974, with daily receipts enabled the FBI to enter negotiations for con­ averaging 22,162. struction of five production-model fingerprint j range of crime data it contains is used extensively The Legal Counsel DiviSion acts as legal I I by local, state and Fedeml officials for planning, This decline reflected the first full-year reader systems. However. implementation of counsel to the Director and other Bureau offi­ I'( budgeting, disbursement of Federal grants, leg­ impact of an FBI policy announced February 9, these automated systems on a production basis cials and conducts extensive research relative 1973, that fingerprints for non serious offenses, is still several years away. 11 islation and analyses of crime trends. to legal topics of concern to law enforcement. II The Uniform Crime Reporting Program in­ such as traffic violations and drunkenness, should There was a Significant increase in cases The diviSion also is responsible for defense of cludes reports on the killing of law enforcement not be submitted to the FBI except for inves­ received for latent fingerprint identification-- the FBl and its personnel in civil litigation and 1 . ~ tigative 01' identification purposes . 37,804 for Fiscal 1974, compared to 3fi,123 for for comprehensive legal training programs for 11 officers, assaults on Federal officers and bomb­ 1·1 ings. which are of great value in training law Of the total fingerprint submissions in Fiscal the previous fiscal year. Bureau Agents and other law enforcement of'­ Il 1974, 2,768,663 were criminal in nature. These Latent fingerprint examiners made 597 ficers. are afforded top priorit~' to provide vital iden­ I J BREAKDOWN OF RECORDS tification services promptly to law enforcement i IN NCIC COMPUTER agecies. I A significant accomplishment was the purg­ ing of 2,400,000 fingerprint cards from the civil II '\.'\.'\. '\. '\.'\.'\. '\. '\.'\. '\. '\.'\.'\. '\. '\.'\. '\. '\. '\. '\.'\.'\.'\.'\.'\. '\. '\. '\. '\.'\.'\. '\.'\.'\.'\.'\. '\.'\. '\.'\. '\.'\. '\. '\. '\. '\.'\. '\. '\. I files, vastly improving their utility. II1\ Also destroyed were some 450,000 criminal II fingerprint cards of deceased persons and in­ '1 It dividuals over 80 years of age, which required ~ the approval of the Archivist of the United States. I 1, The trend to eradicate arrest records through 1 expungement proceedings continued, with Hl,n82 l fingerprint cards being returned to contributors i during Fiscal 1974-an increase of eight percent \ COMPU1(RtltO CRIMINAL over the previous fiscal year. HISTORtES ! t4l0.9141 The Identification Division's humanitarian I l operations remained active. The FBI Disaster t Squad responded to six requests for identification as of of victims of tragedies, examined 260 deceased persons and made '76 positive fingerpl'int iden~ July 1, 1974 T_'~_~ ___ ~'_'_'_'-~'~_"'"".O>"~ ,_.- ,_ tifications. Also continuing was the FBI's A Latent Fingerprint E)(aminer Uses a fingerprint comparator to Identify a latent fingerprint with an Missing Persons Program, whereby information inked impression In the Identification Division at FBI Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

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---~- ___~ ______~ ______c_ -'--' ~- .-~- --.~.~~~~~--,---,=~--,---,-----.------....------.------

__ .... ______... __ .... ______... ..:11 ______MAINTENANCE EMPLOYEES (FBI vested in the FBI by Acts of Congress, by Mem u Headquarters and Field Offices) • • • • •• 996 orandum of Understanding with defense agencies, Applicant and EInployee instructions from the Department of ,Tustice and by various Presidential Directives. In fulfilling . Investigations Name Checks this responsibility. the FBI in Fiscal 1974 con­ ...... ---_ ...... Responsibility for the coordination and dis­ ducted 1.466.733 name checks for other Govern­ ------_ ----_._------semination of information pertaining to the in­ ment agencies and more than two million overall. ternal security of the United States has been The ultimate goal of the FBI's applicant of Justice, the FBI conducts investigations of and employee investigations is to prevent in­ persons employed in bureaus and divisions of trusion by subversive or criminal elements into the Department of Justice, as well as Federal our Nation's government. Judge candidates. Departmental applicants in­ The FBI has no authority to issue "security clude candidates for the positions of United clearances," but reports the facts without bias, States Attorney and ASSistants and United States conclusions or recommendations. The Civil Marshal. Service Commission (CSC) and/or the employing Also, investiga.tions are conducted at the re­ agency evaluates the facts and takes adjudicative quest of the Administrative Office of the United action. States Courts regarding candidates for the positions of Probation Officers, Bankruptcy Judges, U. S. Ff~deral Employee Security Magistrates, Federal Public Defenders and Program Circuit Court Executives. Executive Order 10450 requires the FBI to During Fiscal 1974, some 1,492 investiga­ checlt through its files the names and fingerprints tions were conducted for these professional­ of empl()yees and applicants in the Executive type positions in the Department of Justice and the United States Courts. Also, 1,864 name Branch of the Federal Government. This order checks were conducted at the ['equest of the De­ also rcquil'es FBI investigations of employees partment. and applicants in the Executive Branch on loyalty ground~. Undel' Executive Order 10422, such investi­ Other Applicant Investigations: gations also are conducted concerning American Following is a summary of other applicant­ citizens employed by. 01' seeking employment with, the United Nations or other internati!onal type investigations conducted by the FBI in organizations of which the United States is a Fiscal 1974, pursuant to public laws: FBI's New Headquarters Faci lity nears completion in Downtown Washington. member. THE ATOMIC ENERGY ACT The CSC and/or employing agency handles inquiries concerning suitability. The FBI conducts Applicants ••.••••••••••••••••• 1,982 investigation only where information of a disloyal Employees ...... " .... 381 or subversive nature is developed. However, if allegations bearing on suitability arise dur­ PUBLIC LAW 298; ARMS CON1'ROL ing the FBI's investigation, they are fully de­ AND DISARMAMENT ACT; ~~ATIONAL veloped. AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ACT OF During Fiscal 1974, some 367,656 individual 1958; PEACE CORPS ACT OF 1961 • •• 95 security forms wel'e handled by the FBI. Through processing of these forms, specific requests by ••••••••••••••••• 1;i27 the CSC and other agencies, and complaints received directly by the FBI, 943 investigations APPLICATIONS FOR PARDON wel'e instituted during the fiscal year. AFTER COMPLeTION OF SENTENCE. 255

Departmental Applicants CONGRESSIONAl. COMMITTEES When requested to do so by the Department (Staff)...... 84

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tioning immediately under the Associate Director Office evaluates the plans, policies and pro­ ------~------and Director. Each member of the Inspection cedures of the FBI with the view of seeking ways Personnel and Staff is a personal representative of the DirectOl' to improve the performance and capabilities of in discharging his assignment, which includes the organization in furtherance of its respon­ periodic inspections of each Field Off ice, sibilities. , Adlllinistration Resident Agency, liaison post and Headquarters Division. During Fiscal 1974, these duties en~ EXTERNAL AFFAIRS DIVISION ------~------tailed 82 inspections as well as 372 special The FBI's 59 Field Offices and 17 foreign end of 1974. As the FBI's new Headquarters, surveys and miscellaneous inquiries. The External Affairs Division, created in liaison posts are directed and coordinated by its it will be working quarters for some 7,400 em­ These inspections are designed to con­ Fiscal 1974, answers the voluminous number of Headquarters in Washington, D. C., which con­ ployees. stitute periodic internal audits and evaluations inquiries received from the news media and the sists of 13 divisions. The Exhibits Section of the Administrative of delegations of authority, deployment and public, and conducts extensive research in re­ The Field Divisions and 487 Resident Division produced a monthly average of 52.5 utilization of manpower, detection and correction gard to problems and projects pertaining to crime Agencies (suboffices) are strategically located artist's conceptions and drawings during Fiscal of operational and investigative deficiencies, and prevention and law enforcement. This Division throughout the United States and Puerto Rico to 1974--the total for the year, 632, representing an promotion of efficiency and economy. also produces various publications. One of provide prompt investigative service and wide 11 percent increase oyer the previous year. these, "The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin," geographic coverage. Trial chart production was up three percent OFFICE OF PLANNING AND a monthly professional journal for law enfol'ce­ 'rhe foreign liaison posts facilitate vital ex­ at 633 items. Investigative aids increased from EVALUATION ment officers, has a circulation of about 79,000, change of information with foreign agencies re­ 452 in Fiscal 1973 to 707 in Fiscal 1974. Pro" Other publications, distributed without charge, garding international crime· and subversive duction was up also in preparation of statistical Operating on the premise that law enforce­ include literature designed to inform the public activities. charts, technical renderings, permanent exhibits, ment must progress faster than the element it is of FBI history, jurisdiction and operations. special photo retouching, as well as the public combating, the Office of Planning and Evaluation Guided tours through FBI Headquarters in endeavors to anticipate needs and to plan ac­ Personnel showing of traveling exhibits designed to in­ Washington, D. C., continued to be a popular cordingly. Serving in an advisory capacity to tourist attraction, drawing 358,071 persons dur­ crease public understanding of the FBI's oper­ As the 1974 fiscal year ended, there were the Director; coordinating organizational plan­ ing Fiscal '1974. These tours are offered with­ 19,566 persons on the FBI rolls. These consisted ations. ning; providing guidance in planning techniques; out charge daily except weekends and holidays, of 8,651 Special Agents and 10,915 clerical, FILES AND COMMUNICATIONS and promoting research and development are and are administered and scheduled by personnel stenographic and technical personnel. Some 49.1 functions that are required of the Office of Plan­ of the External Affairs Division. Many new percent of the Agents and 18.9 percent of the During the fiscal year, 1,107,337 pieces of ning and Evaluation. features will be incorporated· in tour routes for noninvestigative personnel had been employed mail were processed and filed by the FBI's Files In addition to these planning functions, ~this the new J. Edgar Hoover F. B. I. Building. by the FBI 10 years or more. and Communications Division, which maintains Since the FBI began considering women for the Bureau's central files. These files numbered Special Agent positions in May, 1972, 40 have more than 6,513,000, and the Bureau's master entered on duty, and 32 remained on the rolls indices, which relate to the information con~ LENGTH OF SERVICE as of June 30.! 1974. tained in these files, exceeded 58,314,000 index OF FBI PERSONNEL The FBI maintains an active program of cards as the fiscal year ended. Over 142,000 new files pertaining to Bureau investigations AGENTS ~"'"'' OTHERS l::::::~;~:~~:_ recruitment of black Americans, Spanish-surnamed as of June 30, 1974 Americans, American Indians and Asian Americans were opened and over 2.186.000 name check re­ for pOSitions throughout the Bureau. quests were searched through the Bureau's The FBI incentive award program provides master indices. monetary reward for approved suggestions, ex­ Also, during Fiscal 1974, the Division ceptional achievemeI).t or above~average perform­ received or transmitted by telegraph, teletype, 637 ance. During Fis()al 1974, 1,897 incentive facsimile or telephone long distance more than awards were grante

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! JIL __ ~~~. _ 11 I

ORGANIZATION OF THE FBI I' "

fJ.'" "

'I

ALBANY 21 HOUSTON OKLAHOMA CITY ALBUQUERQUE 22 INDIANAPOLIS OMAHA ALEXANDRIA 23 JACKSON 43 PHILADELPHIA ANCHORAGE 24 JACKSONVILLE 44 PHOENIX ATLANTA 25 KANSAS CITY 4S PITTSBURGH BALTIMORE 26 KNOXVILLE 46 PORTLAND BIRMINGHAM 27 LAS VEGAS 47 RICHMOND BOSTON 28 LITTLE ROCK 48 SACRAMENTO BUFFALO 29 LOS ANGELES 49 ST. LOUIS BUTTE 30 LOUISVILLE 50 SALT LAKE CITY II CHARLOTTE 31 MEMPHIS 51 SAN ANTONIO 12 32 MIAMI 52 SAN DIEGO 13 CINCINNATI 33 MILWAUKEE 53 SAN FRANCISCO 14 CLEVELAND 34 MINNEAPOLIS 54 SAN JUAN 15 COLUMBIA 35 MOBILE 55 SAVANNAH 16 DALLAS 36 NEWARK 56 SEATTLE 17 DENVER 37 NEW HAVEN 57 SPRINGFIELD 18 DETROIT 38 NEW ORLEANS 58 TAMPA 19 EL PASO 39 NEW YORK 59 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20 HONOLULU 40 NORFOLK

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