Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report
Contract Reference: MB0120 Report Number: 43 Version 3 July 2015
Project Title: Marine Protected Areas Data and Evidence Co-ordination Programme Report No 43. Title: Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report Defra Project Code: MB0120 Defra Contract Manager: Carole Kelly
Funded by:
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) Marine Science and Evidence Unit Marine Directorate Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR
Authorship
Matthew Curtis Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) [email protected]
Peter Mitchell Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) [email protected]
Chris Jenkins Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) [email protected]
Acknowledgements
We thank Markus Diesing and Christopher Barrio Frojan for reviewing earlier drafts of this report.
Disclaimer: The content of this report does not necessarily reflect the views of Defra, nor is Defra liable for the accuracy of information provided, or responsible for any use of the report’s content. Although the data provided in this report have been quality assured, the final products - e.g. habitat maps – may be subject to revision following any further data provision or once they have been used in SNCB advice or assessments.
Cefas Document Control
Title: Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report
Submitted to: Marine Protected Areas Survey Co-ordination & Evidence Delivery Group Date submitted: July 2015 Project Manager: David Limpenny Report compiled by: Matthew Curtis, Peter Mitchell, Chris Jenkins Quality control by: Markus Diesing and Christopher Barrio Frojan Approved by & date: Keith Weston (16/07/2015) Version: V3
Version Control History Author Date Comment Version M Curtis et al. 17/03/2015 First draft submitted to MPAG 1 M Curtis et al. 15/06/2015 Update after external reviewers’ comments 2 K Weston 16/07/2015 Update after final Defra comments 3
Table of Contents
Table of Contents ...... i List of Tables ...... iii List of Figures ...... iv 1 Executive Summary: Report Card ...... 1 1.1 Features proposed in the SAD for inclusion within the original MCZ designation ...... 2 1.2 Features protected in the 2013 MCZ Designation Order ...... 3 1.3 Features proposed in the SAD requiring improvement in data certainty prior to future designation ...... 3 1.4 Features present but not proposed in the SAD or included in the 2013 MCZ Designation Order ...... 4 1.5 Evidence of human activities occurring within the MCZ ...... 4 2 Introduction ...... 5 2.1 Location of the MCZ ...... 5 2.2 Rationale for site position and designation ...... 6 2.3 Rationale for prioritising this MCZ for additional evidence collection ...... 7 2.4 Survey aims and objectives ...... 8 3 Methods ...... 9 3.1 Acoustic data acquisition ...... 9 3.2 Maximum orbital velocity ...... 9 3.3 Ground truth sample acquisition ...... 9 3.4 Production of the updated habitat map ...... 11 3.5 Quality of the updated map ...... 14 4 Results ...... 15 4.1 Site Assessment Document habitat map ...... 15 4.2 Updated habitat map based on new survey data ...... 15 4.3 Quality of the updated habitat map ...... 18 4.4 Broadscale habitats identified ...... 18 4.5 Habitat FOCI identified ...... 19 4.6 Species FOCI identified ...... 20 4.7 Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) ...... 21 4.8 Data limitations and adequacy of the updated habitat map ...... 22 4.9 Observations of human impacts on the seabed ...... 23 5 Conclusions ...... 24 5.1 Presence and extent of broadscale habitats ...... 24 5.2 Presence and extent of habitat FOCI ...... 25
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5.3 Presence and distribution of species FOCI ...... 25 5.4 Evidence of human activities impacting the seabed ...... 25 References ...... 26 Data sources ...... 28 Annexes ...... 29 Annex 1. Broadscale habitat features listed in the ENG...... 29 Annex 2. Habitat FOCI listed in the ENG...... 30 Annex 3. Low or limited mobility species FOCI listed in the ENG...... 31 Annex 4. Highly mobile species FOCI listed in the ENG...... 32 Annex 5. Video and stills processing protocol...... 33 Appendices ...... 35 Appendix 1. Survey metadata (CEND0114) ...... 35 Appendix 2. Outputs from acoustic surveys and maximum orbital velocity ...... 47 Appendix 3. Evidence of human activities within the MCZ ...... 50 Appendix 4. Species list ...... 51 Appendix 5. Analyses of sediment samples: classification and composition ...... 67 Appendix 6. BSH/EUNIS Level 3 descriptions derived from video and stills ...... 73 Appendix 7. Example images from survey for broadscale habitats ...... 78 Appendix 8. Example images from survey for habitat FOCI ...... 80
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List of Tables
Table 1. Broadscale habitats for which this MCZ was proposed for designation...... 7 Table 2. Habitat FOCI for which this MCZ was proposed for designation...... 7 Table 3. Species FOCI for which this MCZ was proposed for designation...... 7 Table 4. Description of derivatives calculated for bathymetry (where specified). .... 12 Table 5. Broadscale habitats identified in this MCZ...... 19 Table 6. Habitat FOCI identified in this MCZ...... 20 Table 7. Species FOCI identified in this MCZ...... 21 Table 8. Details of marine litter/debris found in the underwater video data...... 23
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List of Figures
Figure 1. Location of the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ. Bathymetry is from the Defra Digital Elevation Model (Astrium, 2011)...... 6 Figure 2. Location of ground truth sampling sites in the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ. Bathymetry displayed is from Defra’s Digital Elevation Model (Astrium, 2011)...... 10 Figure 3. Habitat map from the Site Assessment Document...... 15 Figure 4. Updated map of broadscale habitats based on newly acquired survey data, overlaid with PSA results (previous page) and stills image analysis (this page)...... 17 Figure 5. Overall MESH confidence score for the updated broadscale habitat map...... 18 Figure 6. Habitat FOCI identified...... 20 Figure 7. Distribution of stations where the species FOCI ‘Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa)’ was recorded...... 21
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1 Executive Summary: Report Card This report details the findings of a dedicated seabed survey at the Skerries Bank and Surrounds Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ). The site has been included in a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in UK waters, designed to meet conservation objectives under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009. Prior to the dedicated survey, the site assessment had been made on the basis of best available evidence, drawn largely from historical data, modelled habitat maps and stakeholder knowledge of the area. The purpose of the survey was to provide direct evidence of the presence and extent of the broadscale habitats, habitat and species features of conservation importance (FOCI) that had been detailed in the original Site Assessment Document (SAD; Lieberknecht et al., 2011). This Executive Summary is presented in the form of a Report Card comparing the characteristics predicted in the original SAD with the updated habitat map and new sample data that result from the surveys of the site conducted by Cefas and the Environment Agency (EA) in January and March 2014. The comparison covers broadscale habitats and habitat and species FOCI.
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1.1 Features proposed in the SAD for inclusion within the original MCZ designation Extent Extent according according to to updated habitat Accordance between SAD Feature SAD map and updated habitat map Broadscale Habitats Presence Extent A1.1 High energy intertidal rock 0.30 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A1.2 Moderate energy intertidal rock 0.02 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.1 Intertidal coarse sediment 0.08 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.2 Intertidal sand and muddy sand 0.04 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.3 Intertidal mud 0.03 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.4 Intertidal mixed sediments 0.20 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock 1.27 km2 N/A N/A N/A A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock 4.41 km2 N/A N/A N/A A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock 101.79 km2 3.60 km2 -98.19 km2 A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment 12.50 km2 94.46 km2 ** +72.63 km2 ** A5.2 Subtidal sand 41.55 km2 16.01 km2 ** +4.53 km2 ** A5.3 Subtidal mud 4.06 km2 1.30 km2 ** -0.78 km2 ** Habitat FOCI Intertidal underboulder communities* 1 Record N/A * N/A * N/A * Species FOCI Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa) 1 Record 3 Records N/A Short Snouted Seahorse (Hippocampus hippocampus) 1 Record Not recorded N/A Spiny Lobster (Palinurus elephas) 2 Records Not recorded N/A * The 2014 dedicated survey of this MCZ did not extend into the intertidal zone. ** Sediment classified to EUNIS Level 3 for 184.99 km2 (74% of site).
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1.2 Features protected in the 2013 MCZ Designation Order Extent according Extent according to updated habitat Accordance between SAD Feature to SAD map and updated habitat map Broadscale Habitats Presence Extent A1.1 High energy intertidal rock 0.30 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A1.2 Moderate energy intertidal rock 0.02 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.1 Intertidal coarse sediment 0.08 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.2 Intertidal sand and muddy sand 0.04 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A2.4 Intertidal mixed sediments 0.20 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock 1.27 km2 N/A N/A N/A A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock 4.41 km2 N/A N/A N/A A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock 101.79 km2 3.60 km2 -98.19 km2 A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment 12.50 km2 94.46 km2 ** +72.63 km2 ** A5.2 Subtidal sand 41.55 km2 16.01 km2 ** +4.53 km2 ** A5.3 Subtidal mud 4.06 km2 1.30 km2 ** -0.78 km2 ** Habitat FOCI None proposed N/A N/A N/A N/A Species FOCI Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa) 1 Record 3 Records N/A Spiny Lobster (Palinurus elephas) 2 Records Not Recorded N/A * The 2014 dedicated survey of this MCZ did not extend into the intertidal zone. ** Sediment classified to EUNIS Level 3 for 184.99 km2 (74% of site).
1.3 Features proposed in the SAD requiring improvement in data certainty prior to future designation Extent Extent according Accordance between according to to updated SAD and updated habitat Feature SAD habitat map map Broadscale Habitats Presence Extent A2.3 Intertidal mud 0.03 km2 N/A * N/A * N/A * Habitat FOCI Intertidal Underboulder Communities* 1 Record N/A* N/A* N/A* Species FOCI Short Snouted Seahorse 1 Record Not recorded N/A (Hippocampus hippocampus) *The 2014 dedicated survey of this MCZ did not extend into the intertidal zone.
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1.4 Features present but not proposed in the SAD or included in the 2013 MCZ Designation Order Extent Extent according according to to updated Accordance between SAD Feature SAD habitat map and updated habitat map Broadscale Habitats Presence Extent A3 Infralittoral rock 5.68 km2 * 8.40 km2 +8.40 km2 A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock N/A 4.74 km2 +4.74 km2 A5 Subtidal sediment N/A ** 59.06 km2 ** +59.06 km2 ** A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments N/A 59.90 km2 ** +59.90 km2 ** Habitat FOCI Mud Habitats in Deep Water N/A 1.30 km2 ** +1.30 km2 ** Subtidal Sands and Gravels 52.24 km2 110.47 km2 ** +52.24 km2 ** Species FOCI None recorded N/A N/A N/A N/A * Total area of ‘A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock’ and ‘A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock’ according to SAD. ** Sediment classified to EUNIS Level 3 for 184.99 km2 (74% of site). Sediment in the rest of the site was classified to EUNIS Level 2, however EUNIS Level 2 classes were not used in the SAD.
1.5 Evidence of human activities occurring within the MCZ There is evidence from the multibeam backscatter image of several wrecks present within the boundaries of the MCZ. There is evidence from the underwater video and still images of litter present on the seabed within the boundaries of the MCZ.
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2 Introduction In accordance with the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009, the UK is committed to the development and implementation of a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The network will incorporate existing designated sites (e.g., Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas) along with a number of newly designated sites which, within the English territorial waters and offshore waters of England, Wales and Northern Ireland, will be termed Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs). The first 27 MCZs were designated in November 2013 and the list includes the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ (UKMO, 2013), reported here. In support of this initiative, four Regional MCZ Projects were set up to select sites that could contribute to this network because they contain one or more features specified in the Ecological Network Guidance (ENG; Natural England and the JNCC, 2010). The Regional MCZ Projects proposed a total of 127 recommended MCZs (rMCZs) and compiled a Site Assessment Document (SAD) for each site, summarising what evidence was available for the presence and extent of the various habitat, species and geological features specified in the ENG, and for which the site was being recommended. Due to the scarcity of survey-derived seabed habitat maps in UK waters, these assessments were necessarily made using best available evidence, which included historical data, modelled habitat maps and stakeholder knowledge of the areas concerned. It became apparent that the best available evidence on features for which some sites had been recommended as MCZs was of variable quality. Consequently, Defra initiated a number of measures aimed at improving the evidence base, one of which took the form of a dedicated survey programme, implemented and co-ordinated by Cefas, to collect and interpret new survey data at selected MCZ sites. This report provides an interpretation of the survey data collected by Cefas and EA personnel at the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ site during January and March 2014, to assist in the confirmation of features for which the site has been designated.
2.1 Location of the MCZ The Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ is located along the south Devon coast. The boundary encompasses an area of 249.69 km2 and extends from the high water mark at Leek Cove (on the eastern side of the Salcombe-Kingsbridge estuary mouth); around Prawle Point and Start Point to the Torcross coast line. The seaward boundary aligns with the boundaries of the eastern portion of the Start Point Inshore Potting Agreement, excluding a corridor that is trawled all year, to depths of approximately 70 m (Figure 1).
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Figure 1. Location of the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ. Bathymetry is from the Defra Digital Elevation Model (Astrium, 2011).
2.2 Rationale for site position and designation The Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ was included in the proposed network because of its contribution to Ecological Network Guidance (ENG) criteria to BSHs, and its added ecological importance. For a detailed site description see ‘Finding Sanctuary: final report and recommendations’ (Lieberknecht et al., 2011) and ‘The Marine Conservation Zone Project: Ecological Network Guidance’ (Natural England and the JNCC, 2010).
2.2.1 Broadscale habitats proposed for designation Twelve broadscale habitats (BSHs) were included in the recommendations for designation at this site, of which 11 were declared as protected features in the 2013 MCZ Designation Order (Table 1). ‘A2.3 Intertidal mud’, proposed in the SAD, was not included in the Designation Order. See Annex 1 for full list of BSH features listed in the ENG.
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Table 1. Broadscale habitats for which this MCZ was proposed for designation. EUNIS code & Broadscale Habitat Spatial extent according to the SAD A1.1 High energy intertidal rock 0.30 km2 A1.2 Moderate energy intertidal rock 0.02 km2 A2.1 Intertidal coarse sediment 0.08 km2 A2.2 Intertidal sand and muddy sand 0.04 km2 A2.3 Intertidal mud 0.03 km2 A2.4 Intertidal mixed sediments 0.20 km2 A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock 1.27 km2 A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock 4.41 km2 A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock 101.79 km2 A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment 12.50 km2 A5.2 Subtidal sand 41.55 km2 A5.3 Subtidal mud 4.06 km2
2.2.2 Habitat FOCI proposed for designation No habitat FOCI were included in the recommendations for designation at this site (Table 2). Annex 2 presents the habitat FOCI listed in the ENG.
Table 2. Habitat FOCI for which this MCZ was proposed for designation. Habitat FOCI Spatial extent according to SAD None proposed N/A
2.2.3 Species FOCI proposed for designation Three ‘Low or limited mobility species’ FOCI and no ‘Highly mobile species’ FOCI were included in the recommendations for designation of this MCZ (Table 3). Two of the proposed species FOCI – ‘Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa) and ‘Spiny Lobster (Palinurus elephas) – were declared as protected features in the 2013 MCZ Designation Order. The Short Snouted Seahorse (Hippocampus hippocampus) was not included in the 2013 designation order. The lists of species FOCI are presented in Annexes 3 and 4.
Table 3. Species FOCI for which this MCZ was proposed for designation. Species FOCI Point records Low or limited mobility species FOCI Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa) 1 Record Short Snouted Seahorse 1 Record (Hippocampus hippocampus) Spiny Lobster (Palinurus elephas) 2 Records Highly mobile species FOCI None proposed None
2.3 Rationale for prioritising this MCZ for additional evidence collection Prioritisation of MCZ sites for further evidence collection was informed by a gap analysis and evidence assessment. The prime objective was to elevate the confidence status for as many MCZs as feasible to support designation in terms of
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the amount and quality of evidence for the presence and extent of BSH features and habitat FOCI and, where possible, species FOCI. The confidence status was originally assessed in the SADs according Technical Protocol E (Natural England and the JNCC, 2012). The confidence score for the presence and extent of broad scale habitats and habitat FOCI reported for the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ was considered Low to Moderate (Lieberknecht et al., 2011; JNCC and Natural England, 2012). This site was therefore prioritised for additional evidence collection.
2.4 Survey aims and objectives Primary Objectives
To collect acoustic and groundtruthing data to allow the production of an updated map which could be used to inform the presence of BSHs and habitat FOCI, and allow estimates to be made of their spatial extent within the MCZ. Secondary Objectives
To provide evidence, where possible, of the presence of species FOCI listed within the ENG (Annexes 3 and 4) within the MCZ.
To report evidence of human activity occurring within the MCZ found during the course of the survey. It should be emphasised that surveys were not primarily designed to address the secondary objectives under the current programme of work. Whilst the newly collected data will be utilised for the purposes of reporting against the primary objectives of the current programme of work (given above), it is recognised that these data will be valuable for informing the assessment and monitoring of condition of given habitat features in the future.
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3 Methods
3.1 Acoustic data acquisition Existing multibeam bathymetry data were used to assist in the survey planning and interpretation of seabed habitats. The majority of data were collected in four blocks as part of the UK's Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), managed by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA). The four blocks were: West Approaches to English Channel (collected by Gardline between May 2004 and May 2005); Plymouth to Start Point Blocks 1 & 2 (collected by MMT between December 2010 and January 2011); Bolt Head to Berry Head (collected by EMU between December 2012 and January 2012); and Approaches to Torbay (collected by Netsurvey between December 2012 and February). The data are archived by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) and were provided to Cefas as fully processed and cleaned bathymetry data, as well as raw data files for further backscatter processing by Cefas. A small remaining block was collected and processed by Cefas in January 2014 to generate full coverage of the MCZ (Callaway et al., 2014). The bathymetric data were collected and processed in accordance with the International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) Standards for Hydrographic Surveys - Order 1 (IHO, 2008). Processing of the backscatter data was undertaken by Cefas using the raw data provided. The software package QPS FM Geocoder Toolkit (FMGT) was used to produce a fully compensated and corrected backscatter mosaic and this was exported as Floating Point Geotiff for further analysis. Both bathymetry and backscatter were gridded at 2 m resolution for analysis (see Appendix 2 for images derived from acoustic data). Acoustic data were acquired for 99% of the site, with only 2.28 km2 of predominantly shallow or intertidal habitat not surveyed. However, backscatter data were deemed to not be of sufficient quality to accurately inform habitat maps for a large portion of the site (see Appendix 2).
3.2 Maximum orbital velocity Annual statistics of modelled surface wave parameters, namely significant wave height and zero-crossing wave period, for the years 2000 to 2008 were computed with the WAM spectral wave model on a 12 km grid (Aldridge et al., 2015). Based on the annual peak conditions and a sufficiently detailed bathymetry model, it was possible to derive orbital velocities (in m s-1) at the seabed as an indicator for wave energy. Following an approach outlined in Soulsby (2006; equation 28), the root mean square orbital velocity was calculated for every year and grid cell in the bathymetry grid (the 6 arcsec Defra DEM in this case). Peak conditions for the period 2000 – 2008 were calculated by taking the maximum of the annual peak orbital velocities for every grid cell (Appendix 2). These data provided an indication of the wave energy levels at the seabed.
3.3 Ground truth sample acquisition Ground truth stations were distributed according to a 1.5 km triangular lattice grid across the site. Station positions were modified where they coincided with known obstructions (e.g. wrecks) and additional stations were added over features of textural interest and in areas where the triangular lattice did not provide suitable cover. Benthic grabs were used at 160 stations to collect sediments and infauna.
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An underwater camera system was deployed and data successfully acquired at 185 stations to collect video and still images of the seabed. (Figure 2; Appendix 1).
Figure 2. Location of ground truth sampling sites in the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ. Bathymetry displayed is from Defra’s Digital Elevation Model (Astrium, 2011). Sampling equipment comprised a 0.1 m2 mini Hamon. On recovery, the grab was emptied into a large plastic bin and a representative sub-sample of sediment (approx. 0.5 litres) taken for Particle Size Analysis (PSA). The remaining sample was photographed and sieved over a 1 mm mesh sieve to collect the benthic fauna. Fauna were preserved in buffered 4% formaldehyde for later processing ashore. Both a towed camera sledge and a drop down camera frame were used to collect video and still images at each station. Set-up and operation followed the MESH Recommended Operating Guidelines (ROG) for underwater video and photographic imaging techniques (Coggan et al., 2007). Camera tows lasted a minimum of 10 minutes, with the camera being towed at c. 0.5 knots (c. 0.25 m s-1) across a 100 m ‘bullring’ centred on the sampling station. Still images were captured at regular one minute intervals and opportunistically if specific features of interest were encountered. Video and still images were analysed following an established protocol developed and used by Cefas (Coggan and Howell, 2005; JNCC, in prep.; see Annex 5). For further detail on ground truth sample collection see the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ (Inshore) Survey Report (Arnold et al., 2014) and the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Survey Report (Callaway et al., 2014).
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3.4 Production of the updated habitat map All new maps have been based on a WGS84 datum. A new habitat map for the site was produced by analysing and interpreting the available acoustic data and the ground truth data collected by the dedicated survey of this site. The process is a combination of two approaches, statistical modelling and image analysis, as described below. The object-based image analysis (OBIA) is a two-step approach consisting of segmentation and classification (Blaschke, 2010), implemented in the software package eCognition v9.0.3. The backscatter image (Appendix 2) is segmented into objects (sections of the image with homogeneous backscatter characteristics). For each of these objects, mean values of the primary acoustic data layers and their derivatives were calculated and used in a Bayes model with ground truth data, to predict substrate type. Each stage in the process is numbered and described in detail below.
Stage 1. Data preparation Prior to analysis, the bathymetry and backscatter data were re-sampled onto a common grid at 2 m resolution. This data preparation results in a spatial grid with a single value for bathymetry (depth) and a single value for backscatter (acoustic reflectance) in each 2 m x 2 m grid cell and it is these data values that are used in the rest of the process. The maximum orbital velocity was available at a 200 m grid cell resolution so it was re-sampled onto the same common 2 m grid. Due to limited coverage of accurate backscatter data, two separate maps were generated for the site. A benthic habitat map utilising all available datasets was generated for the majority of the site (184.99 km2). However, where accurate backscatter was not available, a second habitat map was created using only the bathymetry and available wave orbital velocity data. This was originally created for the entire site; however it was only utilised to inform the habitat boundaries in the region where backscatter data were not available. While bathymetry and wave orbital velocity data were sufficient to accurately classify rock habitat, without backscatter the sedimentary boundaries could not be accurately classified beyond ‘A5 Subtidal sediment’ of the EUNIS classification scheme.
Stage 2. Derivatives calculated From the two primary acoustic datasets, bathymetry and backscatter, a range of derivatives was calculated, however only those detailed in Table 4 were used during the mapping process.
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Table 4. Description of derivatives calculated for bathymetry (where specified). Derivative Description Slope The slope in degrees using the maximum change in elevation of each cell and its 8 neighbours Roughness Calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum value of each cell and its 8 neighbours BPI Bathymetric position index (Lundblad et al., 2006); radii of 3, 5, 9, 25 cells.
Stage 3. Segmentation Segmentation divides the image into meaningful objects, based on their spectral and spatial characteristics. The resulting objects can be characterised by their various features, such as layer values (mean, standard deviation, skewness, etc.), geometry (extent, shape, etc.), texture and many others. The input layers used were the primary acoustic data layers (bathymetry and backscatter strength) and their derivatives listed above (Table 4). Segmentation was carried out using the multi-resolution segmentation algorithm in eCognition. This is an optimisation procedure that starts with an individual pixel and consecutively merges it with neighbouring pixels to form an object. The process continues until a threshold value for a ‘scale’ parameter determining the variability allowed in the objects is reached. The threshold is determined by the operator. The goal of the segmentation is to create meaningful objects that represent areas of homogeneous values in the map image. The size of the objects is influenced by the ‘scale’ parameter and the heterogeneity of the image. For a fixed value of the scale parameter, a homogeneous area of seabed will have larger objects than a heterogeneous area. Likewise, for a fixed seabed heterogeneity, larger values of the scale parameter produce larger objects than smaller values. Where both acoustic datasets were available the final segmentation was carried out at pixel level using backscatter strength, bathymetry and roughness with the scale parameter set at 4. After segmentation, objects were merged to form larger objects using the spectral difference algorithm which fuses existing image objects based on spectral similarity. The spectral difference was set to 0.2 and carried out on backscatter, BPI 10, roughness and slope. This segmentation process was then repeated for the site in the absence of backscatter data. The final segmentation was carried out at pixel level using bathymetry and BPI 25 with the scale parameter set at 7. After segmentation, similar neighbouring objects were merged to form larger objects using the spectral difference algorithm set to 0.5 and carried out on roughness only.
Stage 4. Classification The Bayes algorithm is a simple probabilistic classifier based on applying Bayes’ theorem (from Bayesian statistics) with strong independence assumptions. The advantage of the Bayes classifier is that it only requires a small amount of training data to estimate the parameters necessary for classification. Where full acoustic data coverage was available the model was trained to predict five BSHs based on the EUNIS classification system. These BSHs were sublittoral
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rock (incorporating both the A3 and A4 classifications) as well as four sediment classes defined by Long (2006), namely coarse sediment, sand, mud and mixed sediments, which are used in the classification of BSHs. The Bayes algorithm within eCognition was used to classify and predict the distribution of BSH types. A training dataset was generated by assigning a BSH classification to those objects created in the segmentation process which contained a PSA ground truth sample or were classified as rock from the video stills. Each training sample contained a classification label and values for the mean of backscatter, BPI 25, roughness and slope derived from the acoustic variables. This training set was used by the classification algorithms to assign a BSH type to the rest of the objects based on their acoustic values. The BSH map was finally derived by using the Bayes model to predict the most probable habitat class for each object. A second habitat map was then generated using only the bathymetry and associated derivative layers and the separate segmentation that had been performed for the entire site, without the backscatter layer. Training data was initially reclassified to be either ‘A5 Subtidal sediments’ or sublittoral rock (incorporating both A3 and A4 of the EUNIS classification system). These training data and segmentation were then applied using the same process as described for the first map to assign a BSH classification to those objects created in the segmentation process. The BSH map was finally derived by using the Bayes model to predict the most probable habitat class for each object based on the acoustic values of roughness and the standard deviation of bathymetry. Based on statistical analysis of the original video still ground truth data it was possible to determine classification rules to delineate boundaries between the different rocky BSH types. Therefore, an additional algorithm (assign class) was applied to reclassify the rock in accordance with the EUNIS classification scheme. A depth boundary of 17 m between ‘A3 Infralittoral rock’ and ‘A4 Circalittoral rock’ BSH was determined from the ground truth data. ‘A4 Circalittoral rock’ was then further subdivided into ‘A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock’ and ‘A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock’ based on the maximum orbital velocity data. Based on a box-plot of ground truth samples for the maximum orbital velocity for each class, a cut-off of 0.3 ms-1 was determined between ‘A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock’ and ‘A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock’. This particular threshold value between classes was based on ground truth samples from within the site. Therefore, while the samples support this particular threshold as a classification rule, 0.3 ms-1 may not be suitable beyond the boundaries of this particular site for differentiating between habitat classes. Objects with a mean maximum orbital velocity of 0.3 ms-1 or greater were classified as ‘A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock’ and less than 0.3 ms-1 were classed as ‘A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock’. Though ‘A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock’ and ‘A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock’ BSHs were identified from video and still analysis, it was not possible to separate these two classes in the habitat map due to a lack of discriminatory evidence in the maximum orbital velocity and acoustic datasets. Finally, the two BSH maps were then exported from eCognition as shapefiles for further analysis in ArcGIS 10.1.
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Stage 5. Expert judgement The resulting BSH map appeared to have overestimated the amount of circalittoral and infralittoral rock in areas where there was evidence of sand waves. Due to the bathymetric variation in the seafloor caused by sand waves there was some difficulty differentiating these areas from rocky habitat using an automated classification system such as in eCognition. Therefore, a manual boundary was delineated around the major zones of sand waves based on expert judgement. Within these zones ‘A3 Infralittoral rock’ and ‘A4 Circalittoral rock’ were reclassified to match that of the surrounding sediment, predominantly ‘A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment’ where both acoustic datasets were available, or ‘A5 Subtidal sediment’ in areas where backscatter data was not available.
3.5 Quality of the updated map The technical quality of the updated habitat map was assessed using the MESH Confidence Assessment Tool1, originally developed by an international consortium of marine scientists working on the MESH (Mapping European Seabed Habitats) project. This tool considers the provenance of the data used to make a biotope/habitat map, including the techniques and technology used to characterise the physical and biological environment and the expertise of the people who had made the map. In its original implementation, it was used to make an auditable judgement of the confidence that could be placed in a range of existing, local biotope maps that had been developed using different techniques and data inputs, but were to be used in compiling a full coverage map for north-west Europe. Where two of the original maps overlapped, that with the highest MESH confidence score would take precedence in the compiled map. Subsequent to the MESH project, the confidence assessment tool has been applied to provide a benchmark score that reflects the technical quality of newly developed habitat/biotope maps. Both physical and biological survey data are required to achieve the top mark of 100 but, as the current MCZ exercise requires the mapping of broadscale physical habitats not biotopes, it excludes the need for biological data. In the absence of biological data, the maximum score attainable for a purely physical map is 88. In applying the tool to the current work, none of the weighting options were altered; that is, the tool was applied in its standard form, as downloaded from the internet.
1 http://emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu/confidence/confidenceAssessment.html [Accessed 09/03/2015]
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4 Results The list of benthic taxa found in the grab and video samples is presented in Appendix 4; a total of 643 infaunal and 106 epifaunal taxa were recorded. A summary of the PSA of the grab samples is given in Appendix 5. Of the 160 stations where a sample was obtained, coarse sediment was recorded at 101 stations, sand at 29 stations, mud at 6 stations and mixed sediments at 24 stations. The analysis of the seabed video and stills is summarised in Appendix 6. Example images taken during the survey of the BSHs and habitat FOCI recorded in the video analysis are given in Appendices 7 and 8 respectively.
4.1 Site Assessment Document habitat map The SAD habitat map (Figure 3) was produced using modelled data from the UKSeaMap dataset version (v5) (McBreen, 2011). For further detail see Lieberknecht et al. (2011).
Figure 3. Habitat map from the Site Assessment Document.
4.2 Updated habitat map based on new survey data The updated habitat map resulting from an integrated analysis of the 2014 dedicated survey data is presented in Figure 4.
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Figure 4. Updated map of broadscale habitats based on newly acquired survey data, overlaid with PSA results (previous page) and stills image analysis (this page).
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4.3 Quality of the updated habitat map Based on the MESH Confidence Assessment tool, the updated habitat map attained a score of 80 in areas where full acoustic data were available and 75 in areas where only bathymetry data were available, or acoustic data was more than 10 years old (Figure 5). Both scores are considered good, given that the maximum possible score for a purely physical map is 88.
Figure 5. Overall MESH confidence score for the updated broadscale habitat map.
4.4 Broadscale habitats identified Eight subtidal BSHs were identified from the 2014 dedicated sampling campaign of this MCZ: ‘A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock’, ‘A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock’, ‘A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock’, ‘A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock’, ‘A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment’, ‘A5.2 Subtidal sand’, ‘A5.3 Subtidal mud’, and ‘A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments’. However, there was not sufficient detail to differentiate between certain BSHs in the available acoustic data. In particular based on physical acoustic features and maximum orbital velocity datasets available, it was not possible to delineate the boundary between high and moderate energy infralittoral rock, so these have been presented together as ‘A3 Infralittoral rock’. The spatial extent of each of the BSHs identified is presented in Table 5 and Figure 4. The BSH ‘A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment’ was the most widespread, occupying over half of the MCZ site where full acoustic data were available. The BSH ‘A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments’ occupied approximately a third of the total area where full acoustic data were available. Coarse sediment is more prominent in the shallower areas of the MCZ, with mixed sediments increasing with depth. The BSH ‘A5.2 Subtidal
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sand’ is present in shallow water around the rock habitat and in the north-east corner of the MCZ. The BSH ‘A5.3 Subtidal mud’ was only found in a small area the north- east corner of the MCZ below 40 m depth. The BSHs ‘A3 Infralittoral rock’ and ‘A4 Circalittoral rock’ were observed in shallow waters near shore, however, small circalittoral rock features were also present elsewhere throughout the MCZ. It should be noted that some features that might be interpreted as rock subcrops, or potentially outcrops of rock, do appear to be present in the acoustic data and occasional video stills. However, PSA samples indicate that these are sediment. It is possible that the habitat map may be underestimating the distribution of rock habitat and that there is a thin sediment layer overlying these potential areas of rock.
Table 5. Broadscale habitats identified in this MCZ. Broadscale Habitat Type Spatial extent according to Spatial extent according to (EUNIS Level 3) the SAD the updated habitat map A3 Infralittoral rock 5.68 km2 * 8.40 km2 A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock N/A 4.74 km2 A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock 101.79 km2 3.60 km2 A5 Subtidal sediment N/A 59.06 km2 A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment 12.50 km2 94.46 km2 ** A5.2 Subtidal sand 41.55 km2 16.01 km2 ** A5.3 Subtidal mud 4.06 km2 1.30 km2 ** A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments N/A 59.90 km2 ** * Total area of ‘A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock’ and ‘A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock’ according to SAD. ** Sediment classified to EUNIS Level 3 for 184.99 km2 (74% of site).
4.5 Habitat FOCI identified The SAD estimates that approximately a quarter of the MCZ area is covered by the habitat FOCI ‘Subtidal Sands and Gravels’. The updated habitat map more than doubles the estimation of this habitat FOCI area (Figure 6; Table 6). The subtidal mud patches in the updated habitat map are consistent with the depth and substrate conditions and consequently been classified as the habitat FOCI ‘Mud Habitats in Deep Water’.
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Figure 6. Habitat FOCI identified.
Table 6. Habitat FOCI identified in this MCZ. Spatial extent according Spatial extent according to the updated habitat Habitat FOCI to the SAD map Mud Habitats in Deep Water Not recorded 1.30 km2 * Subtidal Sands and Gravels 52.24 km2 110.47 km2 * * Sediment classified to EUNIS Level 3 for 184.99 km2 (74% of site), therefore habitat FOCI may be present elsewhere in the site.
4.6 Species FOCI identified The species FOCI ‘Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa)’ was recorded at three stations during the 2014 surveys (Figure 7; Table 7) with a maximum of three individuals being observed at any single station. No other species FOCI were observed. The list of species identified from grab and video samples collected by the 2014 dedicated survey is presented in Appendix 4.
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Figure 7. Distribution of stations where the species FOCI ‘Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa)’ was recorded.
Table 7. Species FOCI identified in this MCZ. Previously recorded Identified during evidence Species FOCI within MCZ gathering survey Low or Limited Mobility Species FOCI Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa) 1 Record 3 Records Highly Mobile Species FOCI None recorded N/A N/A
4.7 Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC)
4.7.1 Acoustic data The acquisition and processing of the bathymetry data complied with the International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) Standards for Hydrographic Surveys- Order 1 (Special Publication 44, Edition 4). The accompanying multibeam backscatter data were reviewed and processed by specialist Cefas staff to ensure these data were suitable for use in the subsequent interpretations and production of the updated habitat map.
4.7.2 Particle Size Analysis of sediments Particle size analysis of the grab samples was carried out by Ken Pye Associates Ltd following standard laboratory practice and the results checked by specialist Cefas
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staff following the recommendations of the National Marine Biological Analytical Quality Control (NMBAQC) scheme (Mason, 2011).
4.7.3 Infaunal samples from grabs Infaunal samples were processed by IECS following standard laboratory practices and results checked following the recommendations of the NMBAQC scheme (Worsfold et al., 2010).
4.7.4 Video and still images and analysis Video and photographic stills were processed by Seastar Survey Ltd in accordance with the guidance documents developed by Cefas and the JNCC for the acquisition and processing of video and stills data (Coggan and Howell, 2005; JNCC, in prep.).
4.8 Data limitations and adequacy of the updated habitat map The quality of the derived habitat map is assessed to be High (MESH assessment tool). A source of potential misclassification of habitats arises from the location of ground truthing samples in relation to habitat types. In addition, the absence of complete backscatter data coverage throughout the MCZ limited the detail with which sediment could be classified for approximately a quarter of the map. The resulting predicted area for each of the BSHs is therefore limited to where backscatter data was available (approximately 74% of the site). The limited number of ground truth samples prevented a thorough external accuracy assessment of the mapping model, which would have been a more reliable indicator of the quality of the map. However, cross referencing the data back to the PSA data gave an overall accuracy of 54%. The majority of this error was associated with the map differentiating between ‘A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment’ and ‘A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments’, with this constituting 70% of the total error in PSA data. Agreement between the habitat map and the seabed photograph data was reasonable. The survey has provided substantial, robust evidence for the presence of the mapped habitats. However, as it is impractical (and undesirable) to sample the entire area of the site with grabs and video, there is a chance that a BSH or FOCI may exist within the site but has not been recorded, especially if it was limited in extent. The precise location of the boundaries between the BSHs depicted on the map should be regarded as indicative, not definitive. In nature, such boundaries are rarely abrupt. Rather, it is typical for one BSH to grade into another across a transitional boundary. In contrast, the mapped boundaries are abrupt and have been placed using best professional judgment. This may have implications when calculating the overall extent of any of the mapped habitats or FOCI.
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4.9 Observations of human impacts on the seabed Twenty nine previously identified and charted wrecks are visible in the multibeam bathymetry for this site, as shown in Appendix 3. Manmade litter/debris was observed at nine stations within the Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ (Table 8).
Table 8. Details of marine litter/debris found in the underwater video data.
Survey Station Code Source Latitude Longitude Observation CEND0114 SKBS051 Still 50.16361 -3.64088 Rope CEND0114 SKBS068 Still 50.18767 -3.59903 Rope CEND0114 SKBS087 Still 50.18803 -3.55761 Rope CEND0114 SKBS088 Still 50.21138 -3.55844 Rope CEND0114 SKBS090 Still 50.19992 -3.54746 Rope and net CEND0114 SKBS104 Still 50.24668 -3.54866 Rope CEND0114 SKBS111 Video 50.29357 -3.52905 Blue plastic CEND0114 SKBS146 Video 50.09342 -3.65891 Rope and net CEND0114 SKBS160 Video 50.11743 -3.60266 Blue plastic
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5 Conclusions
5.1 Presence and extent of broadscale habitats
5.1.1 Presence The 2014 dedicated survey has confirmed the presence of BSHs ‘A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock’, ‘A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock’, ‘A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock’, ‘A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock’, ‘A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment’, ‘A5.2 Subtidal sand ‘and ‘A5.3 Subtidal mud’ that were included in the recommendations made by the SAD for designating this site as an MCZ.
The 2014 dedicated survey has confirmed the presence of the BSH ‘A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments’. This BSH was not included in the recommendations made by the SAD for designating this site as an MCZ. The improved evidence base would now permit these BSHs to be included in the site recommendations, if required.
5.1.2 Extent The spatial extent of the habitat type ‘A3 Infralittoral rock’ on the updated habitat map is 8.40 km2. This is 2.72 km2 more than the total spatial extent of the two BSHs ‘A3.1 High energy infralittoral rock’ and ‘A3.2 Moderate energy infralittoral rock’ identified in the SAD habitat map.
The spatial extent of the BSH ‘A4.1 High energy circalittoral rock’ on the updated habitat map is 4.74 km2. This was not identified in the SAD habitat map.
The spatial extent of the BSH ‘A4.2 Moderate energy circalittoral rock’ on the updated habitat map is 3.60 km2. This is 98.91 km2 less than its spatial extent in the SAD habitat map.
Due to limited full acoustic data coverage, different sedimentary BSHs could only be classified to EUNIS Level 3 for 74% of the site. Where there was no backscatter data coverage, sediment types were classified as ‘A5 Subtidal sediment’ and this has a spatial extent of 59.06 km2 on the updated habitat map. The following statements report the spatial extent in the updated habitat map compared with the SAD habitat map for the same area where full data coverage was available.
The spatial extent of the BSH ‘A5.1 Subtidal coarse sediment’ on the updated habitat map is 94.46 km2. This is 72.63 km2 more than its spatial extent in the SAD habitat map when compared to the 74% acoustic data coverage.
The spatial extent of the BSH ‘A5.2 Subtidal sand’ on the updated habitat map is 16.01 km2. This is 4.53 km2 more than its spatial extent in the SAD habitat map when compared to the 74% acoustic data coverage.
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The spatial extent of the BSH ‘A5.3 Subtidal mud’ on the updated habitat map is 1.30 km2. This is 0.78 km2 less than its spatial extent in the SAD habitat map when compared to the 74% acoustic data coverage.
The spatial extent of the BSH ‘A5.4 Subtidal mixed sediments’ on the updated habitat map is 59.9 km2. This was not identified in the SAD habitat map.
5.2 Presence and extent of habitat FOCI
5.2.1 Presence The 2014 dedicated survey has confirmed the presence of the habitat FOCI ‘Subtidal Sands and Gravels’. This habitat FOCI was mentioned in the SAD but not included in the recommendations made by the SAD for designating this site as an MCZ.
The 2014 dedicated survey has confirmed the presence of the habitat FOCI ‘Mud Habitats in Deep Water’ at this site. This habitat FOCI was not included in the recommendations made by the SAD for designating this site as an MCZ.
5.2.2 Extent and distribution The spatial extent of the habitat FOCI ‘Subtidal Sands and Gravels’ on the updated habitat map is 110.47 km2. This is 52.24 km2 greater than its spatial extent in the recorded in the SAD.
The spatial extent of the habitat FOCI ‘Mud Habitats in Deep Water’ on the updated habitat map is 1.30 km2. This was not identified in the SAD.
5.3 Presence and distribution of species FOCI
5.3.1 Low or limited mobility species The species FOCI ‘Pink Sea-Fan (Eunicella verrucosa)’ has been recorded at three stations in the MCZ area. These observations are consistent with the evidence presented in the SAD.
5.3.2 Highly mobile species FOCI No highly mobile species FOCI were recorded at this site by the 2014 dedicated survey. These observations are consistent with the evidence presented in the SAD.
5.4 Evidence of human activities impacting the seabed Several previously identified and charted wrecks are visible in the multibeam bathymetry for this site and marine litter/debris was observed in the underwater imagery acquired at nine stations.
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References
Aldridge, J.N., Parker, E.R., Bricheno, L.M., Green, S.L., van der Molen, J. (2015). Assessment of the Physical Disturbance of the Northern European Continental Shelf Seabed by Waves and Currents. Continental Shelf Research, doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2015.03.004 Arnold, K., Godsell, N. and Miller C. (2014). Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ (Inshore) Survey Report. 131 pp. Astrium (2011). Creation of a high resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the British Isles continental shelf: Final Report. Prepared for Defra, Contract Reference: 13820. 26 pp. Blaschke, T. (2010). Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 65, 2-16. Callaway, A., Nicolaus, M. and Meadows, B. (2014). Skerries Bank and Surrounds dMCZ Survey Report. 82 pp. Coggan, R., Mitchell, A., White, J. and Golding, N. (2007). Recommended operating guidelines (ROG) for underwater video and photographic imaging techniques. http://www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu/PDF/GMHM3_video_ROG.pdf [Accessed 17/03/2015]. Coggan, R. and Howell, K. (2005). Draft SOP for the collection and analysis of video and still images for groundtruthing an acoustic basemap. Video survey SOP version 5. 10 pp. IHO (2008). Standards for Hydrographic Surveys, 5th Edition, Special Publication No. 44. International Hydrographic Bureau, Monaco. JNCC (in prep.). Video/Stills Camera Standard Operating Procedure for Survey and Analysis: for groundtruthing and classifying an acoustic basemap, and development of new biotopes within the UK Marine Habitat Classification. JNCC Video and Stills Processing SOP v2. 6 pp. JNCC and Natural England (2012). Marine Conservation Zone Project: JNCC and Natural England's advice to Defra on recommended Marine Conservation Zones. Peterborough and Sheffield. 1455 pp. Lieberknecht, L.M., Hooper, T.E.J., Mullier, T.M., Murphy, A., Neilly, M., Carr, H., Haines, R., Lewin, S. and Hughes, E. (2011). Finding Sanctuary final report and recommendations. A report submitted by the Finding Sanctuary stakeholder project to Defra, the Joint Nature Conservation Committee and Natural England. http://findingsanctuary.marinemapping.com/ Final report as one document (PDF, 43 MB) - 14 September 2011 version. [Accessed 17/03/2015]. Long, D. (2006). BGS detailed explanation of seabed sediment modified Folk classification. MESH project document. 7 pp. http://www.searchmesh.net/PDF/GMHM3_Detailed_explanation_of_seabed_se diment_classification.pdf [Accessed 17/03/2015].
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Lundblad, E. R., Wright, D. J., Miller, J., Larkin, E. M., Rinehart, R., Naar, D. F., Donahue, B. T., Anderson, S. M. and Battista, T. (2006). A benthic terrain classification scheme for American Samoa. Marine Geodesy 29, 89-111. Mason, C. (2011). NMBAQC’s Best Practice Guidance Particle Size Analysis (PSA) for Supporting Biological Analysis. McBreen, F., Askew, N., Cameron, A., Conner, D., Ellwood, H. and Carter, A. (2011). UKSeaMap 2010: Predictive mapping of seabed habitats in UK waters. JNCC report, No. 446. Natural England and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (2010). The Marine Conservation Zone Project: Ecological Network Guidance. Sheffield and Peterborough, UK. Natural England and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (2012). SNCB MCZ Advice Project-Assessing the scientific confidence in the presence and extent of features in recommended Marine Conservation Zones (Technical Protocol E) Soulsby, R.L. (2006). Simplified calculation of wave orbital velocities. Report TR155, HR Wallingford. 12 pp. Worsfold, T.M., Hall., D.J. and O’Reilly, M. (2010). Guidelines for processing marine macrobenthic invertebrate samples: a processing requirements protocol version 1 (June 2010). Unicomarine Report NMBAQCMbPRP to the NMBAQC Committee. 33 pp. http://www.nmbaqcs.org/media/9732/nmbaqc%20- %20inv%20-%20prp%20-%20v1.0%20june2010.pdf [Accessed 17/03/2015]. UKMO (2013). United Kingdom Ministerial Order 2013 No. 19. Wildlife Environmental Protection Marine Management: The Skerries Bank and Surrounds Marine Conservation Zone Designation Order. Made 21st November 2013; Coming into force 12th December 2013. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/marine-conservation-zone-2013- designation-skerries-bank-and-surrounds [Accessed 20/03/2015].
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Data sources
All enquiries in relation to this report should be addressed to the following e-mail address: [email protected]
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Annexes
Annex 1. Broadscale habitat features listed in the ENG. Broadscale Habitat Type EUNIS Level 3 Code High energy intertidal rock A1.1 Moderate energy intertidal rock A1.2 Low energy intertidal rock A1.3 Intertidal coarse sediment A2.1 Intertidal sand and muddy sand A2.2 Intertidal mud A2.3 Intertidal mixed sediments A2.4 Coastal saltmarshes and saline reed beds A2.5 Intertidal sediments dominated by aquatic angiosperms A2.6 Intertidal biogenic reefs A2.7 High energy infralittoral rock* A3.1 Moderate energy infralittoral rock* A3.2 Low energy infralittoral rock* A3.3 High energy circalittoral rock** A4.1 Moderate energy circalittoral rock** A4.2 Low energy circalittoral rock** A4.3 Subtidal coarse sediment A5.1 Subtidal sand A5.2 Subtidal mud A5.3 Subtidal mixed sediments A5.4 Subtidal macrophyte-dominated sediment A5.5 Subtidal biogenic reefs A5.6 Deep-sea bed*** A6 * Infralittoral rock includes habitats of bedrock, boulders and cobble which occur in the shallow subtidal zone and typically support seaweed communities ** Circalittoral rock is characterised by animal dominated communities, rather than seaweed dominated communities *** The deep-sea bed broadscale habitat encompasses several different habitat sub-types, all of which should be protected within the MPA network. The broadscale habitat deep-sea bed habitat is found only in the south-west of the MCZ project area and MCZs identified for this broadscale habitat should seek to protect the variety of sub-types known to occur in the region.
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Annex 2. Habitat FOCI listed in the ENG. Habitat Features of Conservation Importance (FOCI) Blue Mussel Beds (including Intertidal Beds on Mixed and Sandy Sediments)** Cold-Water Coral Reefs *** Coral Gardens*** Deep-Sea Sponge Aggregations*** Estuarine Rocky Habitats File Shell Beds*** Fragile Sponge and Anthozoan Communities on Subtidal Rocky Habitats Intertidal Underboulder Communities Littoral Chalk Communities Maerl Beds Horse Mussel (Modiolus modiolus) Beds Mud Habitats in Deep Water Sea-Pen and Burrowing Megafauna Communities Native Oyster (Ostrea edulis) Beds Peat and Clay Exposures Honeycomb Worm (Sabellaria alveolata) Reefs Ross Worm (Sabellaria spinulosa) Reefs Seagrass Beds Sheltered Muddy Gravels Subtidal Chalk Subtidal Sands and Gravels Tide-Swept Channels * Habitat FOCI have been identified from the ‘OSPAR List of Threatened and/or Declining Species and Habitats’ and the ‘UK List of Priority Species and Habitats (UK BAP)’. ** Only includes ‘natural’ beds on a variety of sediment types. Excludes artificially created mussel beds and those which occur on rocks and boulders. *** Cold-Water Coral Reefs, Coral Gardens, Deep-Sea Sponge Aggregations and File Shell Beds currently do not have distributional data which demonstrate their presence within the MCZ project area.
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Annex 3. Low or limited mobility species FOCI listed in the ENG. Group Scientific name Common Name Brown Algae Padina pavonica Peacock’s Tail Red Algae Cruoria cruoriaeformis Burgundy Maerl Paint Weed Grateloupia montagnei Grateloup’s Little-Lobed Weed Lithothamnion corallioides Coral Maerl Phymatolithon calcareum Common Maerl Annelida Alkmaria romijni** Tentacled Lagoon-Worm** Armandia cirrhosa** Lagoon Sandworm** Teleostei Gobius cobitis Giant Goby Gobius couchi Couch’s Goby Hippocampus guttulatus Long Snouted Seahorse Hippocampus hippocampus Short Snouted Seahorse Bryozoa Victorella pavida Trembling Sea Mat Cnidaria Amphianthus dohrnii Sea-Fan Anemone Eunicella verrucosa Pink Sea-Fan Haliclystus auricula Stalked Jellyfish Leptopsammia pruvoti Sunset Cup Coral Lucernariopsis campanulata Stalked Jellyfish Lucernariopsis cruxmelitensis Stalked Jellyfish Nematostella vectensis Starlet Sea Anemone Crustacea Gammarus insensibilis** Lagoon Sand Shrimp** Gitanopsis bispinosa Amphipod Shrimp Pollicipes pollicipes Gooseneck Barnacle Palinurus elephas Spiny Lobster Mollusca Arctica islandica Ocean Quahog Atrina pectinata Fan Mussel Caecum armoricum** Defolin’s Lagoon Snail** Ostrea edulis Native Oyster Paludinella littorina Sea Snail Tenellia adspersa** Lagoon Sea Slug** * Species FOCI have been identified from the ‘OSPAR List of Threatened and/or Declining Species and Habitats’, the ‘UK List of Priority Species and Habitats (UK BAP)’ and Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act. ** Those lagoonal species FOCI may be afforded sufficient protection through coastal lagoons designated as SACs under the EC Habitats Directive. However, this needs to be assessed by individual regional projects.
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Annex 4. Highly mobile species FOCI listed in the ENG. Group Scientific name Common Name Teleostei Osmerus eperlanus Smelt Anguilla anguilla European Eel Elasmobranchii Raja undulata Undulate Ray * Species FOCI have been identified from the ‘OSPAR List of Threatened and/or Declining Species and Habitats’, the ‘UK List of Priority Species and Habitats (UK BAP)’ and Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act.
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Annex 5. Video and stills processing protocol. The purpose of the analysis of the video and still images is to identify which habitats exist in a video record, provide semi-quantitative data on their physical and biological characteristics and to note where one habitat changes to another. A minimum of 10% of the videos should be re-analysed for QA purposes. Video Analysis
The video record is initially viewed rapidly (at approximately 4x normal speed) in order to segment it into sections representing different habitats. The start and end points of each segment are logged, and each segment subsequently subject to more detailed analysis. Brief changes in habitat type lasting less than one minute of the video record are considered as incidental patches and are not logged.
For each segment, note the start and end time and position from the information on the video overlay. View the segment at normal or slower than normal speed, noting the physical and biological characteristics, such as substrate type, seabed character, species and life forms present. For each taxon record an actual abundance (where feasible) or a semi quantitative abundance (e.g. SACFOR scale).
Record the analyses on the video pro-forma provided (paper and/or electronic), which is a modified version of the Sublittoral Habitat Recording Form used in the Marine Nature Conservation Review (MNCR) surveys.
When each segment has been analysed, review the information recorded and assign the segment to one of the broadscale habitat (BSH) types or habitat FOCI listed in the Ecological Network Guidance (as reproduced in Annexes 1 and 2 above). Note also any species FOCI observed (as per Annex 3 above). Stills analysis
Still images should be analysed separately, to supplement and validate the video analysis, and provide more detailed (i.e. higher resolution) information than can be extracted from a moving video image.
For each segment of video, select three still images that are representative of the BSH or FOCI to which the video segment has been assigned. For each image, note the time and position it was taken, using information from the associated video overlay.
View the image at normal or greater than normal magnification, noting the physical and biological characteristics, such as substrate type, seabed character, species and life forms present. For each taxon record an actual abundance (where feasible) or a semi quantitative abundance (e.g. SACFOR scale).
Record the analysis on the stills pro-forma provided (paper and/or electronic), which is a modified version of the Sublittoral Habitat Recording Form used in the MNCR surveys. Assign each still image to the same BSH or habitat FOCI as its ‘parent’ segment in the video.
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Taxon identification In all analyses, the identification of taxa should be limited to a level that can be confidently achieved from the available image. Hence, taxon identity could range from the ‘life form’ level (e.g. sponge, hydroid, anemone) to the species level (e.g. Asterias rubens, Alcyonium digitatum). Avoid the temptation to guess the species identity if it cannot be determined positively from the image. For example, Spirobranchus sp. would be acceptable, but Spirobranchus triqueter would not, as the specific identification normally requires the specimen to be inspected under a microscope.
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Appendices
Appendix 1. Survey metadata (CEND0114) Key: CS – Camera Sledge; DC – Drop Camera; HG - Hamon Grab; EOL - End of Line; SOL – Start of Line
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 22/01/2014 CEND0114 394 SKBS129 SOL DC 50.115782 -3.722398 22/01/2014 CEND0114 394 SKBS129 EOL DC 50.115425 -3.723887 22/01/2014 CEND0114 395 SKBS129 HG 50.115660 -3.723043 22/01/2014 CEND0114 396 SKBS132 HG 50.104280 -3.711699 22/01/2014 CEND0114 397 SKBS132 SOL DC 50.104254 -3.711473 22/01/2014 CEND0114 397 SKBS132 EOL DC 50.104093 -3.711998 22/01/2014 CEND0114 398 SKBS136 SOL DC 50.116074 -3.701419 22/01/2014 CEND0114 398 SKBS136 EOL DC 50.115915 -3.701927 22/01/2014 CEND0114 399 SKBS136 HG 50.115990 -3.702050 22/01/2014 CEND0114 400 SKBS154 SOL CS 50.123071 -3.702747 22/01/2014 CEND0114 400 SKBS154 EOL CS 50.123080 -3.706100 22/01/2014 CEND0114 401 SKBS154 HG 50.123130 -3.702318 22/01/2014 CEND0114 402 SKBS133 HG 50.127480 -3.712999 22/01/2014 CEND0114 403 SKBS133 SOL DC 50.127503 -3.712703 22/01/2014 CEND0114 403 SKBS133 EOL DC 50.127428 -3.713078 22/01/2014 CEND0114 404 SKBS130 SOL DC 50.139737 -3.725058 22/01/2014 CEND0114 404 SKBS130 EOL DC 50.139643 -3.725365 22/01/2014 CEND0114 405 SKBS130 HG 50.139750 -3.725322 22/01/2014 CEND0114 407 SKBS128 SOL DC 50.150626 -3.734558 22/01/2014 CEND0114 407 SKBS128 EOL DC 50.150768 -3.735838 22/01/2014 CEND0114 408 SKBS153 SOL DC 50.163043 -3.738861 22/01/2014 CEND0114 408 SKBS153 EOL DC 50.163180 -3.738960 22/01/2014 CEND0114 409 SKBS153 HG 50.163180 -3.738783 22/01/2014 CEND0114 410 SKBS036 HG 50.173730 -3.736167 22/01/2014 CEND0114 411 SKBS036 SOL DC 50.173865 -3.736190 22/01/2014 CEND0114 411 SKBS036 EOL DC 50.174018 -3.736023 22/01/2014 CEND0114 412 SKBS131 SOL CS 50.162282 -3.725536 22/01/2014 CEND0114 412 SKBS131 EOL CS 50.162772 -3.723082 22/01/2014 CEND0114 413 SKBS131 HG 50.162250 -3.724760 22/01/2014 CEND0114 414 SKBS155 HG 50.153070 -3.724816 22/01/2014 CEND0114 415 SKBS155 SOL DC 50.153089 -3.725050 22/01/2014 CEND0114 415 SKBS155 EOL DC 50.153283 -3.724847 22/01/2014 CEND0114 416 SKBS134 SOL DC 50.150719 -3.714062 22/01/2014 CEND0114 416 SKBS134 EOL DC 50.150893 -3.713768 22/01/2014 CEND0114 417 SKBS134 HG 50.150800 -3.713722 22/01/2014 CEND0114 418 SKBS137 HG 50.139220 -3.703215 22/01/2014 CEND0114 419 SKBS137 SOL CS 50.139467 -3.702900 22/01/2014 CEND0114 419 SKBS137 EOL CS 50.140225 -3.700832 22/01/2014 CEND0114 420 SKBS140 HG 50.127860 -3.691818 22/01/2014 CEND0114 421 SKBS140 SOL DC 50.127929 -3.691806 22/01/2014 CEND0114 421 SKBS140 EOL DC 50.127858 -3.692207 22/01/2014 CEND0114 422 SKBS143 SOL DC 50.116320 -3.681152
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Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 22/01/2014 CEND0114 422 SKBS143 EOL DC 50.116288 -3.681220 22/01/2014 CEND0114 423 SKBS143 HG 50.116390 -3.681120 22/01/2014 CEND0114 424 SKBS157 HG 50.107530 -3.682876 22/01/2014 CEND0114 425 SKBS157 SOL CS 50.107378 -3.682246 22/01/2014 CEND0114 425 SKBS157 EOL CS 50.107625 -3.685113 22/01/2014 CEND0114 426 SKBS139 HG 50.104560 -3.690802 22/01/2014 CEND0114 427 SKBS139 SOL DC 50.104521 -3.690784 22/01/2014 CEND0114 427 SKBS139 EOL DC 50.104433 -3.691352 22/01/2014 CEND0114 428 SKBS159 SOL DC 50.100099 -3.674956 22/01/2014 CEND0114 428 SKBS159 EOL DC 50.099992 -3.675548 21/01/2014 CEND0114 429 SKBS159 HG 50.100110 -3.675525 21/01/2014 CEND0114 430 SKBS145 HG 50.104930 -3.669581 22/01/2014 CEND0114 431 SKBS145 SOL CS 50.104835 -3.669078 22/01/2014 CEND0114 431 SKBS145 EOL CS 50.104792 -3.671885 22/01/2014 CEND0114 432 SKBS146 HG 50.093420 -3.658912 22/01/2014 CEND0114 433 SKBS146 SOL DC 50.093145 -3.658565 22/01/2014 CEND0114 433 SKBS146 EOL DC 50.093170 -3.659415 22/01/2014 CEND0114 434 SKBS149 SOL DC 50.093479 -3.637502 22/01/2014 CEND0114 434 SKBS149 EOL DC 50.093567 -3.638413 23/01/2014 CEND0114 435 SKBS149 HG 50.093660 -3.638417 23/01/2014 CEND0114 436 SKBS156 HG 50.100630 -3.639589 23/01/2014 CEND0114 437 SKBS156 SOL CS 50.100448 -3.639871 23/01/2014 CEND0114 437 SKBS156 EOL CS 50.100505 -3.641838 23/01/2014 CEND0114 438 SKBS148 HG 50.104830 -3.648792 23/01/2014 CEND0114 439 SKBS148 SOL DC 50.104849 -3.648991 23/01/2014 CEND0114 439 SKBS148 EOL DC 50.104873 -3.649395 23/01/2014 CEND0114 440 SKBS147 SOL DC 50.116543 -3.660040 23/01/2014 CEND0114 440 SKBS147 EOL DC 50.116597 -3.660390 23/01/2014 CEND0114 441 SKBS147 HG 50.116670 -3.660286 23/01/2014 CEND0114 442 SKBS041 HG 50.127810 -3.670884 23/01/2014 CEND0114 444 SKBS144 SOL DC 50.140973 -3.682535 23/01/2014 CEND0114 444 SKBS144 EOL DC 50.141150 -3.682187 23/01/2014 CEND0114 445 SKBS144 HG 50.141060 -3.682142 23/01/2014 CEND0114 447 SKBS141 SOL DC 50.151143 -3.693227 23/01/2014 CEND0114 447 SKBS141 EOL DC 50.151315 -3.692815 23/01/2014 CEND0114 448 SKBS138 HG 50.162590 -3.703951 23/01/2014 CEND0114 449 SKBS138 SOL CS 50.162687 -3.704618 23/01/2014 CEND0114 449 SKBS138 EOL CS 50.163112 -3.702088 23/01/2014 CEND0114 450 SKBS135 HG 50.174080 -3.714991 23/01/2014 CEND0114 451 SKBS135 SOL DC 50.173829 -3.715237 23/01/2014 CEND0114 451 SKBS135 EOL DC 50.174308 -3.714665 23/01/2014 CEND0114 452 SKBS142 SOL DC 50.177682 -3.696725 23/01/2014 CEND0114 452 SKBS142 EOL DC 50.177568 -3.697045 23/01/2014 CEND0114 454 SKBS039 HG 50.163140 -3.682334 23/01/2014 CEND0114 455 SKBS039 SOL CS 50.163125 -3.683223 23/01/2014 CEND0114 455 SKBS039 EOL CS 50.163230 -3.684592 23/01/2014 CEND0114 457 SKBS042 SOL DC 50.151488 -3.671682 23/01/2014 CEND0114 457 SKBS042 EOL DC 50.151545 -3.671958
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Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 23/01/2014 CEND0114 458 SKBS044 SOL DC 50.139938 -3.660700 23/01/2014 CEND0114 458 SKBS044 EOL DC 50.139997 -3.660983 23/01/2014 CEND0114 459 SKBS044 HG 50.140130 -3.660870 23/01/2014 CEND0114 460 SKBS047 HG 50.128570 -3.649638 23/01/2014 CEND0114 461 SKBS047 SOL CS 50.128478 -3.649840 23/01/2014 CEND0114 461 SKBS047 EOL CS 50.128687 -3.651342 23/01/2014 CEND0114 462 SKBS150 SOL DC 50.117029 -3.638646 23/01/2014 CEND0114 462 SKBS150 EOL DC 50.116955 -3.639185 23/01/2014 CEND0114 463 SKBS150 HG 50.117050 -3.639172 23/01/2014 CEND0114 464 SKBS158 HG 50.101260 -3.630405 23/01/2014 CEND0114 465 SKBS158 SOL DC 50.101257 -3.630603 23/01/2014 CEND0114 465 SKBS158 EOL DC 50.101187 -3.630955 23/01/2014 CEND0114 466 SKBS151 HG 50.105490 -3.627711 23/01/2014 CEND0114 467 SKBS151 SOL CS 50.105334 -3.627554 23/01/2014 CEND0114 467 SKBS151 EOL CS 50.105363 -3.630030 23/01/2014 CEND0114 468 SKBS161 HG 50.108590 -3.616302 23/01/2014 CEND0114 469 SKBS161 SOL DC 50.108642 -3.616695 23/01/2014 CEND0114 469 SKBS161 EOL DC 50.108620 -3.616980 23/01/2014 CEND0114 470 SKBS152 SOL DC 50.117155 -3.617959 23/01/2014 CEND0114 470 SKBS152 EOL DC 50.117023 -3.618198 23/01/2014 CEND0114 471 SKBS152 HG 50.117120 -3.618140 23/01/2014 CEND0114 472 SKBS053 HG 50.128510 -3.628620 23/01/2014 CEND0114 473 SKBS053 SOL CS 50.128855 -3.628695 23/01/2014 CEND0114 473 SKBS053 EOL CS 50.129282 -3.627552 23/01/2014 CEND0114 474 SKBS050 HG 50.140130 -3.639934 23/01/2014 CEND0114 475 SKBS050 SOL DC 50.140298 -3.640038 23/01/2014 CEND0114 475 SKBS050 EOL DC 50.140558 -3.639893 23/01/2014 CEND0114 476 SKBS048 SOL DC 50.152612 -3.652628 23/01/2014 CEND0114 476 SKBS048 EOL DC 50.152818 -3.652280 23/01/2014 CEND0114 477 SKBS048 HG 50.152550 -3.652377 23/01/2014 CEND0114 478 SKBS045 HG 50.163160 -3.662129 23/01/2014 CEND0114 479 SKBS045 SOL CS 50.163405 -3.661647 23/01/2014 CEND0114 479 SKBS045 EOL CS 50.163987 -3.660727 23/01/2014 CEND0114 481 SKBS043 SOL DC 50.174852 -3.672755 23/01/2014 CEND0114 481 SKBS043 EOL DC 50.174885 -3.673035 23/01/2014 CEND0114 482 SKBS049 SOL DC 50.175127 -3.651117 23/01/2014 CEND0114 482 SKBS049 EOL DC 50.175150 -3.651572 23/01/2014 CEND0114 485 SKBS051 SOL CS 50.163580 -3.641342 23/01/2014 CEND0114 485 SKBS051 EOL CS 50.163492 -3.642652 23/01/2014 CEND0114 487 SKBS054 SOL DC 50.152200 -3.629359 23/01/2014 CEND0114 487 SKBS054 EOL DC 50.152032 -3.630910 23/01/2014 CEND0114 488 SKBS057 SOL DC 50.140563 -3.618763 23/01/2014 CEND0114 488 SKBS057 EOL DC 50.140557 -3.619048 23/01/2014 CEND0114 489 SKBS057 HG 50.140660 -3.619045 23/01/2014 CEND0114 490 SKBS061 HG 50.129150 -3.607571 23/01/2014 CEND0114 491 SKBS061 SOL CS 50.129084 -3.607092 23/01/2014 CEND0114 491 SKBS061 EOL CS 50.128795 -3.609713 24/01/2014 CEND0114 492 SKBS160 HG 50.117440 -3.602495
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Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 24/01/2014 CEND0114 493 SKBS160 SOL DC 50.117430 -3.602598 24/01/2014 CEND0114 493 SKBS160 EOL DC 50.117310 -3.603093 24/01/2014 CEND0114 494 SKBS071 SOL DC 50.129462 -3.586743 24/01/2014 CEND0114 494 SKBS071 EOL DC 50.129340 -3.587128 24/01/2014 CEND0114 495 SKBS071 HG 50.129440 -3.587119 24/01/2014 CEND0114 496 SKBS066 HG 50.140850 -3.597900 24/01/2014 CEND0114 497 SKBS066 SOL CS 50.140729 -3.597327 24/01/2014 CEND0114 497 SKBS066 EOL CS 50.140782 -3.599680 24/01/2014 CEND0114 498 SKBS062 HG 50.152050 -3.608650 24/01/2014 CEND0114 499 SKBS062 SOL DC 50.152139 -3.608966 24/01/2014 CEND0114 499 SKBS062 EOL DC 50.152188 -3.609290 24/01/2014 CEND0114 500 SKBS058 SOL DC 50.163558 -3.619632 24/01/2014 CEND0114 500 SKBS058 EOL DC 50.163670 -3.619857 24/01/2014 CEND0114 501 SKBS058 HG 50.163780 -3.619776 24/01/2014 CEND0114 503 SKBS055 SOL DC 50.175885 -3.631658 24/01/2014 CEND0114 503 SKBS055 EOL DC 50.176477 -3.630510 24/01/2014 CEND0114 504 SKBS059 SOL DC 50.187068 -3.621189 24/01/2014 CEND0114 504 SKBS059 EOL DC 50.187560 -3.619878 24/01/2014 CEND0114 505 SKBS063 SOL DC 50.175405 -3.610350 24/01/2014 CEND0114 505 SKBS063 EOL DC 50.175667 -3.609858 24/01/2014 CEND0114 506 SKBS063 HG 50.175620 -3.609711 24/01/2014 CEND0114 507 SKBS067 HG 50.164060 -3.599056 24/01/2014 CEND0114 508 SKBS067 SOL CS 50.164002 -3.599901 24/01/2014 CEND0114 508 SKBS067 EOL CS 50.164645 -3.597513 24/01/2014 CEND0114 509 SKBS072 HG 50.152490 -3.588155 24/01/2014 CEND0114 510 SKBS072 SOL DC 50.152570 -3.588097 24/01/2014 CEND0114 510 SKBS072 EOL DC 50.152772 -3.587767 24/01/2014 CEND0114 511 SKBS077 SOL DC 50.141061 -3.577104 24/01/2014 CEND0114 511 SKBS077 EOL DC 50.141212 -3.576830 24/01/2014 CEND0114 512 SKBS077 HG 50.141180 -3.576584 24/01/2014 CEND0114 513 SKBS099 HG 50.159220 -3.570815 24/01/2014 CEND0114 514 SKBS099 SOL CS 50.159017 -3.570623 24/01/2014 CEND0114 514 SKBS099 EOL CS 50.158573 -3.572870 24/01/2014 CEND0114 515 SKBS078 HG 50.164620 -3.577454 24/01/2014 CEND0114 516 SKBS078 SOL DC 50.164427 -3.577909 24/01/2014 CEND0114 516 SKBS078 EOL DC 50.164197 -3.578338 24/01/2014 CEND0114 517 SKBS073 SOL DC 50.176069 -3.588311 24/01/2014 CEND0114 517 SKBS073 EOL DC 50.175888 -3.588788 24/01/2014 CEND0114 519 SKBS068 SOL DC 50.187675 -3.598955 24/01/2014 CEND0114 519 SKBS068 EOL DC 50.187317 -3.600378 24/01/2014 CEND0114 520 SKBS068 HG 50.187470 -3.600037 24/01/2014 CEND0114 522 SKBS074 SOL DC 50.199522 -3.589240 24/01/2014 CEND0114 522 SKBS074 EOL DC 50.199128 -3.590453 24/01/2014 CEND0114 523 SKBS079 SOL DC 50.188179 -3.579192 24/01/2014 CEND0114 523 SKBS079 EOL DC 50.188028 -3.579518 24/01/2014 CEND0114 526 SKBS079 HG 50.188000 -3.578228 24/01/2014 CEND0114 527 SKBS083 HG 50.176490 -3.567281 24/01/2014 CEND0114 528 SKBS083 SOL CS 50.176447 -3.566785
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Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 24/01/2014 CEND0114 528 SKBS083 EOL CS 50.176050 -3.569355 25/01/2014 CEND0114 529 SKBS086 HG 50.165000 -3.556325 25/01/2014 CEND0114 530 SKBS086 SOL DC 50.164990 -3.556339 25/01/2014 CEND0114 530 SKBS086 EOL DC 50.164865 -3.556837 25/01/2014 CEND0114 531 SKBS089 SOL DC 50.176684 -3.546457 25/01/2014 CEND0114 531 SKBS089 EOL DC 50.176573 -3.546737 25/01/2014 CEND0114 532 SKBS089 HG 50.176670 -3.546712 25/01/2014 CEND0114 533 SKBS087 HG 50.188110 -3.556998 25/01/2014 CEND0114 534 SKBS087 SOL CS 50.188001 -3.556900 25/01/2014 CEND0114 534 SKBS087 EOL CS 50.188333 -3.559393 25/01/2014 CEND0114 535 SKBS084 HG 50.199670 -3.568037 25/01/2014 CEND0114 536 SKBS084 SOL DC 50.199523 -3.567825 25/01/2014 CEND0114 536 SKBS084 EOL DC 50.199665 -3.568615 25/01/2014 CEND0114 537 SKBS080 SOL DC 50.211224 -3.579491 25/01/2014 CEND0114 537 SKBS080 EOL DC 50.211270 -3.579765 25/01/2014 CEND0114 538 SKBS080 HG 50.211160 -3.579413 25/01/2014 CEND0114 539 SKBS081 HG 50.230870 -3.577241 25/01/2014 CEND0114 540 SKBS081 SOL CS 50.230844 -3.577589 25/01/2014 CEND0114 540 SKBS081 EOL CS 50.232260 -3.576985 25/01/2014 CEND0114 541 SKBS085 SOL DC 50.222957 -3.569278 25/01/2014 CEND0114 541 SKBS085 EOL DC 50.223373 -3.569273 25/01/2014 CEND0114 541 SKBS085 HG 50.222820 -3.569126 25/01/2014 CEND0114 543 SKBS088 SOL DC 50.211386 -3.558542 25/01/2014 CEND0114 543 SKBS088 EOL DC 50.211638 -3.558430 25/01/2014 CEND0114 544 SKBS088 HG 50.211560 -3.558368 25/01/2014 CEND0114 545 SKBS090 HG 50.199730 -3.547351 25/01/2014 CEND0114 546 SKBS090 SOL CS 50.199474 -3.547859 25/01/2014 CEND0114 546 SKBS090 EOL CS 50.201058 -3.547463 25/01/2014 CEND0114 547 SKBS092 HG 50.188430 -3.536402 25/01/2014 CEND0114 548 SKBS092 SOL DC 50.188328 -3.536481 25/01/2014 CEND0114 548 SKBS092 EOL DC 50.188552 -3.536580 25/01/2014 CEND0114 549 SKBS095 SOL DC 50.200159 -3.526523 25/01/2014 CEND0114 549 SKBS095 EOL DC 50.200263 -3.526748 25/01/2014 CEND0114 550 SKBS095 HG 50.200370 -3.526616 25/01/2014 CEND0114 551 SKBS097 HG 50.212000 -3.516062 25/01/2014 CEND0114 552 SKBS097 SOL CS 50.211914 -3.516054 25/01/2014 CEND0114 552 SKBS097 EOL CS 50.212045 -3.518372 25/01/2014 CEND0114 553 SKBS096 HG 50.223610 -3.527163 25/01/2014 CEND0114 554 SKBS096 SOL DC 50.223573 -3.527038 25/01/2014 CEND0114 554 SKBS096 EOL DC 50.223495 -3.527353 25/01/2014 CEND0114 555 SKBS093 SOL DC 50.211923 -3.537051 25/01/2014 CEND0114 555 SKBS093 EOL DC 50.211683 -3.537328 25/01/2014 CEND0114 556 SKBS093 HG 50.211770 -3.537303 25/01/2014 CEND0114 557 SKBS091 HG 50.223450 -3.547687 25/01/2014 CEND0114 558 SKBS091 SOL DC 50.223210 -3.548574 25/01/2014 CEND0114 558 SKBS091 EOL DC 50.223467 -3.547327 25/01/2014 CEND0114 559 SKBS102 SOL DC 50.234895 -3.558838 25/01/2014 CEND0114 559 SKBS102 EOL DC 50.234705 -3.559035
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Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 25/01/2014 CEND0114 560 SKBS102 HG 50.234800 -3.559076 25/01/2014 CEND0114 561 SKBS101 HG 50.245430 -3.564880 25/01/2014 CEND0114 562 SKBS101 SOL DC 50.245433 -3.565144 25/01/2014 CEND0114 562 SKBS101 EOL DC 50.245212 -3.565457 25/01/2014 CEND0114 563 SKBS103 HG 50.258510 -3.560071 25/01/2014 CEND0114 564 SKBS103 SOL DC 50.258601 -3.559697 25/01/2014 CEND0114 564 SKBS103 EOL DC 50.258350 -3.558270 25/01/2014 CEND0114 565 SKBS104 SOL DC 50.246697 -3.548633 25/01/2014 CEND0114 565 SKBS104 EOL DC 50.246547 -3.548943 25/01/2014 CEND0114 566 SKBS104 HG 50.246650 -3.548902 25/01/2014 CEND0114 567 SKBS094 HG 50.235230 -3.537698 25/01/2014 CEND0114 568 SKBS094 SOL DC 50.235174 -3.538027 25/01/2014 CEND0114 568 SKBS094 EOL DC 50.235102 -3.538090 25/01/2014 CEND0114 569 SKBS100 SOL DC 50.242491 -3.518547 25/01/2014 CEND0114 569 SKBS100 EOL DC 50.242470 -3.519773 25/01/2014 CEND0114 570 SKBS100 HG 50.242570 -3.519267 25/01/2014 CEND0114 571 SKBS123 HG 50.249180 -3.515256 25/01/2014 CEND0114 572 SKBS123 SOL DC 50.249164 -3.515432 25/01/2014 CEND0114 572 SKBS123 EOL DC 50.249112 -3.515722 25/01/2014 CEND0114 573 SKBS122 SOL DC 50.260149 -3.506209 25/01/2014 CEND0114 573 SKBS122 EOL DC 50.260025 -3.505937 25/01/2014 CEND0114 574 SKBS122 HG 50.260120 -3.505757 25/01/2014 CEND0114 575 SKBS113 HG 50.258820 -3.520423 25/01/2014 CEND0114 576 SKBS113 SOL DC 50.258937 -3.520991 25/01/2014 CEND0114 576 SKBS113 EOL DC 50.258508 -3.519823 25/01/2014 CEND0114 577 SKBS109 SOL DC 50.249250 -3.530953 25/01/2014 CEND0114 577 SKBS109 EOL DC 50.249408 -3.531020 25/01/2014 CEND0114 578 SKBS109 HG 50.249530 -3.530829 25/01/2014 CEND0114 579 SKBS106 HG 50.258540 -3.538533 25/01/2014 CEND0114 580 SKBS106 SOL DC 50.258479 -3.538659 25/01/2014 CEND0114 580 SKBS106 EOL DC 50.258643 -3.538832 25/01/2014 CEND0114 581 SKBS124 HG 50.261210 -3.549310 25/01/2014 CEND0114 582 SKBS124 SOL CS 50.261417 -3.549650 25/01/2014 CEND0114 582 SKBS124 EOL CS 50.262892 -3.549640 25/01/2014 CEND0114 583 SKBS105 HG 50.269790 -3.549745 25/01/2014 CEND0114 584 SKBS105 SOL DC 50.269909 -3.549787 25/01/2014 CEND0114 584 SKBS105 EOL DC 50.270083 -3.549890 25/01/2014 CEND0114 585 SKBS107 SOL DC 50.281661 -3.539672 25/01/2014 CEND0114 585 SKBS107 EOL DC 50.281840 -3.539770 25/01/2014 CEND0114 586 SKBS107 HG 50.281850 -3.539612 25/01/2014 CEND0114 587 SKBS125 HG 50.276220 -3.537152 25/01/2014 CEND0114 588 SKBS125 SOL DC 50.275461 -3.537456 25/01/2014 CEND0114 588 SKBS125 EOL DC 50.276247 -3.536917 25/01/2014 CEND0114 589 SKBS110 SOL DC 50.270521 -3.528468 25/01/2014 CEND0114 589 SKBS110 EOL DC 50.270325 -3.528540 25/01/2014 CEND0114 590 SKBS110 HG 50.270330 -3.528690 26/01/2014 CEND0114 591 SKBS116 HG 50.270650 -3.507420 26/01/2014 CEND0114 592 SKBS116 SOL DC 50.270150 -3.507835
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Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 26/01/2014 CEND0114 592 SKBS116 EOL DC 50.270417 -3.507952 26/01/2014 CEND0114 593 SKBS119 SOL DC 50.282164 -3.497601 26/01/2014 CEND0114 593 SKBS119 EOL DC 50.282230 -3.498682 26/01/2014 CEND0114 594 SKBS119 HG 50.282490 -3.498058 26/01/2014 CEND0114 595 SKBS117 HG 50.286970 -3.509019 26/01/2014 CEND0114 596 SKBS117 SOL DC 50.286954 -3.509237 26/01/2014 CEND0114 596 SKBS117 EOL DC 50.286803 -3.509608 26/01/2014 CEND0114 597 SKBS114 SOL DC 50.282331 -3.518231 26/01/2014 CEND0114 597 SKBS114 EOL DC 50.282055 -3.518363 26/01/2014 CEND0114 598 SKBS114 HG 50.282140 -3.518425 26/01/2014 CEND0114 599 SKBS111 HG 50.293680 -3.528915 26/01/2014 CEND0114 600 SKBS111 SOL CS 50.293603 -3.528623 26/01/2014 CEND0114 600 SKBS111 EOL CS 50.293223 -3.530778 26/01/2014 CEND0114 601 SKBS126 HG 50.292420 -3.545655 26/01/2014 CEND0114 603 SKBS108 SOL DC 50.305252 -3.539988 26/01/2014 CEND0114 603 SKBS108 EOL DC 50.305063 -3.540148 26/01/2014 CEND0114 604 SKBS108 HG 50.305160 -3.540209 26/01/2014 CEND0114 605 SKBS112 HG 50.317130 -3.529966 26/01/2014 CEND0114 606 SKBS112 SOL DC 50.316855 -3.530561 26/01/2014 CEND0114 606 SKBS112 EOL DC 50.317300 -3.529390 26/01/2014 CEND0114 607 SKBS127 SOL DC 50.311911 -3.526303 26/01/2014 CEND0114 607 SKBS127 EOL DC 50.311692 -3.526372 26/01/2014 CEND0114 608 SKBS127 HG 50.311790 -3.526464 26/01/2014 CEND0114 609 SKBS115 HG 50.305660 -3.519069 26/01/2014 CEND0114 610 SKBS115 SOL DC 50.305547 -3.519157 26/01/2014 CEND0114 610 SKBS115 EOL DC 50.305363 -3.519217 26/01/2014 CEND0114 611 SKBS118 SOL DC 50.317720 -3.508603 26/01/2014 CEND0114 611 SKBS118 EOL DC 50.316690 -3.509465 26/01/2014 CEND0114 612 SKBS118 HG 50.317050 -3.509331 26/01/2014 CEND0114 613 SKBS120 HG 50.305950 -3.498072 26/01/2014 CEND0114 614 SKBS120 SOL DC 50.305803 -3.498171 26/01/2014 CEND0114 614 SKBS120 EOL DC 50.305627 -3.498203 26/01/2014 CEND0114 615 SKBS121 SOL DC 50.294339 -3.487049 26/01/2014 CEND0114 615 SKBS121 EOL DC 50.294110 -3.487155 26/01/2014 CEND0114 616 SKBS121 HG 50.294040 -3.487399
Survey metadata (2FGLS0314)
Key: DC – Drop Camera; HG - Hamon Grab; EOL - End of Line; SOL – Start of Line
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 2 SKBS186 SOL DC 50.26056 -3.62716 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 2 SKBS186 EOL DC 50.26151 -3.62708 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 3 SKBS189 SOL DC 50.26855 -3.62031 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 3 SKBS189 EOL DC 50.26964 -3.61945 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 4 SKBS194 SOL DC 50.26885 -3.60618 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 4 SKBS194 EOL DC 50.26984 -3.60571 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 5 SKBS198 SOL DC 50.26991 -3.59126
Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 41
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 5 SKBS198 EOL DC 50.26892 -3.59184 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 6 SKBS200 SOL DC 50.26927 -3.57825 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 6 SKBS200 EOL DC 50.27007 -3.57716 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 7 SKBS199 SOL DC 50.26209 -3.58401 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 7 SKBS199 EOL DC 50.26117 -3.58496 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 8 SKBS206 SOL DC 50.26226 -3.59028 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 8 SKBS206 EOL DC 50.26296 -3.59111 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 9 SKBS196 SOL DC 50.2621 -3.59826 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 9 SKBS196 EOL DC 50.26105 -3.59857 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 10 SKBS191 SOL DC 50.26193 -3.61223 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 10 SKBS191 EOL DC 50.26076 -3.61257 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 11 SKBS197 SOL DC 50.25422 -3.59058 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 11 SKBS197 EOL DC 50.25332 -3.59131 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 12 SKBS195 SOL DC 50.24621 -3.5973 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 12 SKBS195 EOL DC 50.24591 -3.59851 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 13 SKBS192 SOL DC 50.23847 -3.60443 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 13 SKBS192 EOL DC 50.23799 -3.60498 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 14 SKBS034 SOL DC 50.22667 -3.61372 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 14 SKBS034 EOL DC 50.22679 -3.61453 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 15 SKBS180 SOL DC 50.22644 -3.6305 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 15 SKBS180 EOL DC 50.22754 -3.63083 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 16 SKBS184 SOL DC 50.22949 -3.62596 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 16 SKBS184 EOL DC 50.23065 -3.62574 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 17 SKBS205 SOL DC 50.23437 -3.62375 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 17 SKBS205 EOL DC 50.23544 -3.62315 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 18 SKBS187 SOL DC 50.2382 -3.61522 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 18 SKBS187 EOL DC 50.23927 -3.6144 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 19 SKBS204 SOL DC 50.24218 -3.61134 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 19 SKBS204 EOL DC 50.24345 -3.61129 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 20 SKBS190 SOL DC 50.24525 -3.61227 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 20 SKBS190 EOL DC 50.24631 -3.61206 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 21 SKBS193 SOL DC 50.25311 -3.6056 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 21 SKBS193 EOL DC 50.25427 -3.60529 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 22 SKBS177 SOL DC 50.22934 -3.63976 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 22 SKBS177 EOL DC 50.23028 -3.64006 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 24 SKBS185 SOL DC 50.245 -3.62625 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 24 SKBS185 EOL DC 50.24616 -3.62594 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 25 SKBS188 SOL DC 50.25291 -3.6195 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 25 SKBS188 EOL DC 50.2541 -3.61941 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 26 SKBS182 SOL DC 50.25373 -3.63341 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 26 SKBS182 EOL DC 50.25279 -3.6334 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 27 SKBS178 SOL DC 50.24584 -3.63986 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 27 SKBS178 EOL DC 50.24499 -3.63949 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 28 SKBS175 SOL DC 50.23808 -3.64658 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 28 SKBS175 EOL DC 50.23711 -3.64622 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 29 SKBS176 SOL DC 50.25257 -3.64762 22/01/2014 2FGL50314 29 SKBS176 EOL DC 50.25359 -3.64766 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 32 SKBS031 SOL DC 50.22282 -3.62083
Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 42
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 32 SKBS031 EOL DC 50.22185 -3.6223 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 34 SKBS174 SOL DC 50.21625 -3.64822 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 34 SKBS174 EOL DC 50.21585 -3.6468 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 35 SKBS171 SOL DC 50.21249 -3.65338 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 35 SKBS171 EOL DC 50.21247 -3.65295 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 37 SKBS173 SOL DC 50.24419 -3.65158 23/01/2014 2FGL50314 37 SKBS173 EOL DC 50.24398 -3.64981 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 38 SKBS177 HG 50.22978 -3.63955 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 40 SKBS172 HG 50.23324 -3.65104 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 42 SKBS181 HG 50.23765 -3.63247 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 43 SKBS173 HG 50.24437 -3.65048 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 44 SKBS178 HG 50.24548 -3.63998 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 45 SKBS176 HG 50.25310 -3.64764 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 46 SKBS182 HG 50.25349 -3.63343 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 47 SKBS179 HG 50.26087 -3.64067 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 48 SKBS186 HG 50.26118 -3.62649 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 49 SKBS183 HG 50.26732 -3.63337 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 50 SKBS175 HG 50.23734 -3.64644 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 51 SKBS184 HG 50.22987 -3.62569 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 52 SKBS205 HG 50.23481 -3.62342 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 53 SKBS187 HG 50.23875 -3.61450 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 54 SKBS185 HG 50.24569 -3.62588 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 55 SKBS188 HG 50.25374 -3.61957 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 56 SKBS191 HG 50.26145 -3.61294 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 57 SKBS196 HG 50.26178 -3.59817 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 58 SKBS194 HG 50.26934 -3.60585 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 59 SKBS189 HG 50.26901 -3.61953 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 60 SKBS204 HG 50.24293 -3.61103 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 62 SKBS195 HG 50.24584 -3.59810 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 63 SKBS190 HG 50.24595 -3.61278 29/01/2014 2FGL50314 64 SKBS193 HG 50.25369 -3.60583 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 65 SKBS201 SOL DC 50.21652 -3.76583 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 65 SKBS201 EOL DC 50.21765 -3.76621 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 66 SKBS163 SOL DC 50.21517 -3.75718 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 66 SKBS163 EOL DC 50.21635 -3.75685 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 68 SKBS162 SOL DC 50.2119 -3.76446 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 68 SKBS162 EOL DC 50.21297 -3.76539 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 69 SKBS003 SOL DC 50.20797 -3.75775 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 69 SKBS003 EOL DC 50.20921 -3.7581 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 70 SKBS001 SOL DC 50.20215 -3.76281 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 70 SKBS001 EOL DC 50.20327 -3.7629 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 71 SKBS005 SOL DC 50.20227 -3.75236 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 71 SKBS005 EOL DC 50.20341 -3.75192 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 72 SKBS008 SOL DC 50.20235 -3.74199 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 72 SKBS008 EOL DC 50.20349 -3.74185 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 73 SKBS006 SOL DC 50.19877 -3.74463 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 73 SKBS006 EOL DC 50.19998 -3.74475 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 74 SKBS002 SOL DC 50.19637 -3.75781
Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 43
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 74 SKBS002 EOL DC 50.19752 -3.7573 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 76 SKBS009 SOL DC 50.19941 -3.73546 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 76 SKBS009 EOL DC 50.20039 -3.73623 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 77 SKBS165 SOL DC 50.20216 -3.73203 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 77 SKBS165 EOL DC 50.20335 -3.73229 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 78 SKBS202 SOL DC 50.19996 -3.72703 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 78 SKBS202 EOL DC 50.20101 -3.72752 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 79 SKBS011 SOL DC 50.19697 -3.72523 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 79 SKBS011 EOL DC 50.19794 -3.7264 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 80 SKBS166 SOL DC 50.19908 -3.71698 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 80 SKBS166 EOL DC 50.19987 -3.71799 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 81 SKBS014 SOL DC 50.19755 -3.70408 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 81 SKBS014 EOL DC 50.19798 -3.70585 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 82 SKBS167 SOL DC 50.20467 -3.69479 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 82 SKBS167 EOL DC 50.20516 -3.69314 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 83 SKBS168 SOL DC 50.2085 -3.68853 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 83 SKBS168 EOL DC 50.20961 -3.688 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 84 SKBS169 SOL DC 50.21301 -3.68102 30/01/2014 2FGL50314 84 SKBS169 EOL DC 50.21424 -3.68116 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 85 SKBS037 SOL DC 50.18626 -3.72561 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 85 SKBS037 EOL DC 50.18542 -3.72643 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 86 SKBS164 SOL DC 50.20543 -3.68059 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 86 SKBS164 EOL DC 50.20546 -3.68163 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 87 SKBS018 SOL DC 50.20395 -3.67789 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 87 SKBS018 EOL DC 50.20397 -3.67909 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 88 SKBS020 SOL DC 50.20402 -3.66751 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 88 SKBS020 EOL DC 50.20396 -3.66845 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 89 SKBS023 SOL DC 50.20446 -3.65753 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 89 SKBS023 EOL DC 50.20387 -3.65863 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 90 SKBS033 SOL DC 50.20565 -3.65214 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 90 SKBS033 EOL DC 50.20475 -3.65314 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 91 SKBS026 SOL DC 50.20428 -3.6467 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 91 SKBS026 EOL DC 50.20412 -3.64735 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 92 SKBS035 SOL DC 50.18533 -3.74655 15/03/2014 2FGL50314 92 SKBS035 EOL DC 50.18532 -3.74698 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 95 SKBS035 HG 50.18577 -3.74765 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 96 SKBS162 HG 50.21231 -3.76584 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 97 SKBS003 HG 50.20872 -3.75870 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 98 SKBS001 HG 50.20247 -3.76337 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 99 SKBS005 HG 50.20263 -3.75276 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 100 SKBS002 HG 50.19699 -3.75816 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 101 SKBS006 HG 50.19940 -3.74545 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 103 SKBS014 HG 50.19781 -3.70485 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 104 SKBS018 HG 50.20398 -3.67948 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 105 SKBS020 HG 50.20416 -3.66837 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 106 SKBS023 HG 50.20411 -3.65807 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 107 SKBS033 HG 50.20490 -3.65269 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 108 SKBS026 HG 50.20394 -3.64754
Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 44
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 109 SKBS169 HG 50.21361 -3.68112 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 111 SKBS031 HG 50.22206 -3.62068 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 113 SKBS034 HG 50.22688 -3.61414 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 114 SKBS197 HG 50.25371 -3.59158 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 115 SKBS199 HG 50.26139 -3.58467 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 116 SKBS206 HG 50.26258 -3.59141 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 117 SKBS198 HG 50.26957 -3.59211 16/03/2014 2FGL50314 118 SKBS200 HG 50.26965 -3.57767 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 119 SKBS170 SOL DC 50.21362 -3.66662 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 119 SKBS170 EOL DC 50.21355 -3.66794 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 120 SKBS022 SOL DC 50.21049 -3.66399 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 120 SKBS022 EOL DC 50.20959 -3.66281 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 121 SKBS025 SOL DC 50.21018 -3.6522 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 121 SKBS025 EOL DC 50.21006 -3.65364 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 122 SKBS027 SOL DC 50.21314 -3.64117 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 122 SKBS027 EOL DC 50.21268 -3.64256 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 123 SKBS030 SOL DC 50.21607 -3.62596 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 123 SKBS030 EOL DC 50.21589 -3.6266 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 124 SKBS032 SOL DC 50.217 -3.61577 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 124 SKBS032 EOL DC 50.21611 -3.61681 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 125 SKBS065 SOL DC 50.22274 -3.61062 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 125 SKBS065 EOL DC 50.2219 -3.61148 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 126 SKBS075 SOL DC 50.22356 -3.58987 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 126 SKBS075 EOL DC 50.22264 -3.59074 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 127 SKBS069 SOL DC 50.21127 -3.6006 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 127 SKBS069 EOL DC 50.21137 -3.60046 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 130 SKBS028 SOL DC 50.20517 -3.63672 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 130 SKBS028 EOL DC 50.20424 -3.63798 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 134 SKBS046 SOL DC 50.18674 -3.66244 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 134 SKBS046 EOL DC 50.18619 -3.66454 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 135 SKBS040 SOL DC 50.18656 -3.68268 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 135 SKBS040 EOL DC 50.18623 -3.68452 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 136 SKBS038 SOL DC 50.18626 -3.70315 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 136 SKBS038 EOL DC 50.18589 -3.70543 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 138 SKBS012 SOL DC 50.19183 -3.71964 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 138 SKBS012 EOL DC 50.19155 -3.72141 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 139 SKBS010 SOL DC 50.19144 -3.73033 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 139 SKBS010 EOL DC 50.19141 -3.73177 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 141 SKBS004 SOL DC 50.19117 -3.75311 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 141 SKBS004 EOL DC 50.19103 -3.75143 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 144 SKBS017 SOL DC 50.19296 -3.67981 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 144 SKBS017 EOL DC 50.19266 -3.67768 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 147 SKBS024 SOL DC 50.1982 -3.65394 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 147 SKBS024 EOL DC 50.19885 -3.65149 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 150 SKBS076 SOL DC 50.24527 -3.5923 17/03/2014 2FGL50314 150 SKBS076 EOL DC 50.24668 -3.59124 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 151 SKBS004 HG 50.19113 -3.75186 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 152 SKBS007 HG 50.19133 -3.74117
Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 45
Date Cruise Stn No. Stn Code Gear Latitude Longitude 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 153 SKBS010 HG 50.19130 -3.73034 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 154 SKBS015 HG 50.19782 -3.69421 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 155 SKBS016 HG 50.19810 -3.68368 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 156 SKBS017 HG 50.19202 -3.67853 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 157 SKBS021 HG 50.19833 -3.66271 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 158 SKBS024 HG 50.19845 -3.65275 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 159 SKBS028 HG 50.20470 -3.63675 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 160 SKBS029 HG 50.21074 -3.63236 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 161 SKBS030 HG 50.21653 -3.62738 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 162 SKBS022 HG 50.21034 -3.66347 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 164 SKBS065 HG 50.22274 -3.61145 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 166 SKBS070 HG 50.23429 -3.60148 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 167 SKBS192 HG 50.23832 -3.60544 26/03/2014 2FGL50314 168 SKBS076 HG 50.24619 -3.59119
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Appendix 2. Outputs from acoustic surveys and maximum orbital velocity
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Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 48
Skerries Bank and Surrounds MCZ Post-survey Site Report 49
Appendix 3. Evidence of human activities within the MCZ
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Appendix 4. Species list Species list for grab samples (Species FOCI indicated by grey shading, if present). Percentage occurrence was calculated as the ‘Number of samples where the species occurs/total number of samples’ x 100.
Taxa % Occurrence SPONGES Porifera 61 Leucosolenia 12 HYDROIDS, CORALS, JELLYFISH, ANEMONES Actiniaria 33 Sertularia 33 Epizoanthus couchii 32 Sertularella 30 Hydrallmania falcata 24 Alcyonium digitatum 21 Bougainvilliidae 18 Diphasia 17 Halecium 17 Cerianthus lloydii 15 Eudendrium 12 Campanularia hincksii 11 Abietinaria abietina 10 Caryophyllia smithii 10 Lovenella clausa 10 Obelia dichotoma 10 Clytia hemisphaerica 9 Tamarisca tamarisca 9 Nemertesia 8 Calycella syringa 8 Sarcodictyon roseum 8 Filellum serpens 6 Thuiaria thuja 6 Clytia paulensis 5 Merona cornucopiae 4 Lafoea dumosa 3 Edwardsia 3 Halopteris catharina 3 Leuckartiara octona 3 Sertularella tenella 3 Adamsia 2 Campanulina pumila 2 Clytia gracilis 1 Eudendrium ramosum 1 Kirchenpaueria pinnata 1 Lytocarpia myriophyllum 1 Sphenotrochus andrewianus 1 FLATWORMS Platyhelminthes 7 RIBBON WORMS Nemertea 77
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Taxa % Occurrence NEMATODES Nematoda 37 ENTOPROCTS Pedicellina 13 Barentsia 1 ARROW WORMS Chaetognatha 4 PEANUT WORMS Golfingiidae 19 Golfingia elongata 11 Phascolion strombus 4 Aspidosiphon muelleri 1 SPOON WORMS Maxmuelleria lankesteri 12 SEGMENTED WORMS Glycera lapidum (agg) 66 Lumbrineris cingulata (agg) 59 Mediomastus fragilis 51 Hydroides norvegicus 51 Notomastus 51 Glycinde nordmanni 45 Syllis garciai 40 Syllis hyalina 38 Aonides paucibranchiata 37 Glycera oxycephala 35 Eumida sanguinea 34 Polycirrus medusa 34 Pisione remota 33 Spirobranchus triqueter 29 Syllis pontxioi 29 Malmgrenia ljungmani 29 Nephtys cirrosa 28 Owenia fusiformis 28 Polygordius 27 Polycirrus denticulatus 26 Polycirrus 24 Sphaerosyllis bulbosa 24 Eulalia mustela 24 Poecilochaetus serpens 23 Sabellaria spinulosa 23 Eteone longa (agg) 22 Chone dunerificta 22 Chaetozone zetlandica 21 Dipolydora flava 21 Phisidia aurea 21 Pseudonotomastus southerni 21 Lysidice unicornis 21 Pista bansei 21 Ampharete lindstroemi 20 Eunereis longissima 20
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Taxa % Occurrence Aurospio banyulensis 19 Lysilla nivea 19 Pholoe inornata (sensu Petersen) 19 Protodorvillea kefersteini 19 Caulleriella alata 17 Goniadella gracilis 16 Spiophanes bombyx 16 Magelona filiformis 15 Nephtys 15 Paradoneis lyra 14 Pholoe baltica (sensu Petersen) 14 Amphitritides gracilis 13 Clymenura johnstoni 13 Malmgrenia 13 Grania 13 Dipolydora caulleryi 12 Eunice vittata 12 Podarkeopsis capensis 12 Malmgrenia andreapolis 12 Terebellides stroemi 12 Amphictene auricoma 11 Nephtys caeca 11 Syllidia armata 11 Lanice conchilega 10 Magelona alleni 10 Magelona johnstoni 10 Marphysa 10 Petaloproctus 10 Spirobranchus 10 Aponuphis bilineata 10 Clymenura tricirrata 10 Glycera alba 10 Trypanosyllis coeliaca 10 Autolytus edwarsi 9 Dipolydora coeca 9 Eusyllis blomstrandi 9 Heteroclymene robusta 9 Praxillella affinis 9 Autolytus inermis 8 Eumida 8 Glycera fallax 8 Odontosyllis fulgurans 8 Pista malmgreni 8 Scalibregma celticum 8 Sphaerosyllis hystrix 8 Spirobranchus lamarcki 8 Thelepus cincinnatus 8 Anaitides lineata 8 Aonides oxycephala 8 Maldanidae 8
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Taxa % Occurrence Nephtys hombergii 8 Notoproctus 8 Protula tubularia 8 Schistomeringos neglecta 8 Scolelepis korsuni 8 Aglaophamus agilis 7 Eulalia aurea 7 Harmothoe 7 Nothria hyperborea 7 Peresiella clymenoides 7 Anaitides longipes 6 Dioplosyllis cirrosa 6 Euclymene lombricoides 6 Gyptis propinqua 6 Hesionura elongata 6 Malacoceros jirkovi 6 Malmgrenia darbouxi 6 Pseudomystides limbata 6 Scoletoma magnidentata 6 Syllis parapari 6 Aphelochaeta 6 Euclymene droebachiensis 6 Lagis koreni 6 Lepidonotus squamatus 6 Ophelia borealis 6 Paranaitis kosteriensis 6 Pista elongata 6 Sthenelais limicola 6 Aricidea cerrutii 5 Asclerocheilus intermedius 5 Autolytus langerhansi 5 Nephtys assimilis 5 Spiochaetopterus typicus 5 Euclymene 4 Eupolymnia nesidensis 4 Loimia 4 Nephtys kersivalensis 4 Nicolea venustula 4 Syllis variegata 4 Diplocirrus glaucus 4 Exogone naidina 4 Gattyana cirrhosa 4 Goniada maculata 4 Lanassa venusta 4 Laonice bahusiensis 4 Lumbrineriopsis paradoxa 4 Pista 4 Schistomeringos rudolphi 4 Streptodonta pterochaeta 4 Apomatus similis 3
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Taxa % Occurrence Branchiomma bombyx 3 Chaetopterus variopedatus 3 Chaetozone christiei 3 Exogone hebes 3 Filograna implexa 3 Nereis zonata 3 Polycirrus aurantiacus 3 Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis 3 Psamathe fusca 3 Brania swedmarki 3 Chaetozone gibber 3 Galathowenia oculata 3 Lumbrinerides amoureuxi 3 Metavermilia multicristata 3 Mystides caeca 3 Ophelia 3 Palposyllis prosostoma 3 Procerastea 3 Pseudopotamilla reniformis 3 Spio symphyta 3 Syllis 3 Tubificidae 3 Amaeana trilobata 2 Autolytus alexandri 2 Circeis spirillum 2 Dodecaceria 2 Euclymene oerstedii 2 Eurysyllis tuberculata 2 Fimbriosthenelais zetlandica 2 Glycera tridactyla 2 Harmothoe glabra 2 Jasmineira caudata 2 Jasmineira elegans 2 Melinna palmata 2 Monticellina 2 Myrianida 2 Nereididae 2 Notocirrus scoticus 2 Paradoneis armata 2 Prionospio cirrifera 2 Saccocirrus papillocercus 2 Scalibregma inflatum 2 Scolelepis bonnieri 2 Scoloplos armiger 2 Spirorbis cuneatus 2 Syllis columbretensis 2 Tharyx killariensis 2 Anaitides groenlandica 1 Aphrodita aculeata 1 Capitella capitata (agg) 1
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Taxa % Occurrence Chitinopoma serrula 1 Euchone rubrocincta 1 Eulalia 1 Exogone verugera 1 Fabricia stellaris 1 Flabelligera affinis 1 Haplosyllis spongicola 1 Hermonia hystrix 1 Lumbrineridae 1 Lumbrineris futilis 1 Lysilla loveni 1 Polycirrus plumosus 1 Proceraea scapularis 1 Pseudopolydora pulchra 1 Serpulidae 1 Sigalion 1 Sphaerodorum gracilis 1 Streptodonta exsulis 1 Streptosyllis 1 Subadyte pellucida 1 Syllis cornuta 1 Travisia forbesii 1 Vermiliopsis striaticeps 1 Anaitides rosea 1 Aricidea minuta 1 Atherospio guillei 1 Diplocirrus stopbowitzi 1 Dipolydora 1 Dorvillea erucaeformis 1 Drilonereis filum 1 Euphrosine foliosa 1 Eusyllis lamelligera 1 Harmothoe impar 1 Hesionidae 1 Hesiospina similis 1 Heteromastus filiformis 1 Hypereteone foliosa 1 Malmgrenia castanea 1 Myrianida covolutus 1 Nereiphylla rubiginosa 1 Nothria 1 Notophyllum foliosum 1 Ophelia celtica 1 Ophelia roscoffensis 1 Ophelina acuminata 1 Ophiodromus pallidus 1 Parathelepus collaris 1 Parougia caeca 1 Phyllodoce mucosa 1 Prionospio fallax 1
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Taxa % Occurrence Protodrilus 1 Sabella pavonina 1 Scoletoma 1 Sigalion mathildae 1 Sige fusigera 1 Spiophanes kroyeri 1 Streptosyllis campoyi 1 Syllides 1 Trichobranchus glacialis 1 Tubificoides amplivasatus 1 SEA SPIDERS Anoplodactylus petiolatus 10 Achelia echinata 8 Nymphon brevirostre 3 Callipallene tiberi 2 Callipallene brevirostris 1 Callipallene spectrum 1 Pycnogonum littorale 1 CRUSTACEANS Ampelisca spinipes 28 Urothoe elegans 18 Verruca stroemia 17 Copepoda 17 Leptocheirus hirsutimanus 15 Ebalia tuberosa 14 Othomaera othonis 13 Abludomelita obtusata 12 Maerella tenuimana 12 Nototropis vedlomensis 12 Upogebia deltaura 11 Pisidia longicornis 10 Liocarcinus pusillus 10 Anapagurus hyndmanni 9 Photis longicaudata 8 Eurynome 6 Gnathia oxyuraea 6 Scalpellum scalpellum 6 Bathyporeia tenuipes 5 Unciola crenatipalma 5 Atylus falcatus 4 Cheirocratus 4 Eurydice truncata 4 Socarnes erythrophthalmus 4 Balanus crenatus 4 Bodotria scorpioides 4 Eurydice spinigera 4 Galathea intermedia 4 Hyas 4 Anthura gracilis 3 Conilera cylindracea 3
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Taxa % Occurrence Gnathia 3 Lepidepecreum longicorne 3 Leucothoe procera 3 Pagurus bernhardus 3 Ampelisca tenuicornis 3 Atelecyclus rotundatus 3 Balanidae 3 Guernea coalita 3 Orchomenella nana 3 Phtisica marina 3 Anapagurus laevis 2 Astacilla 2 Callianassa subterranea 2 Diastylis laevis 2 Harpinia antennaria 2 Inachus 2 Janira maculosa 2 Leucothoe incisa 2 Pagurus prideaux 2 Pseudoprotella phasma 2 Acidostoma obesum (sensu Stoddart & Lowry) 1 Ampelisca brevicornis 1 Anchialina agilis 1 Animoceradocus semiserratus 1 Bathyporeia elegans 1 Cheirocratus sundevallii 1 Ebalia 1 Eurydice inermis 1 Eurynome aspera 1 Gammaropsis cornuta 1 Gammaropsis lobata 1 Gastrosaccus spinifer 1 Macropodia deflexa 1 Macropodia linaresi 1 Microcharon harrisi 1 Monodaeus couchii 1 Nebalia bipes 1 Perioculodes longimanus 1 Pseudoparatanais batei 1 Sarsinebalia typhlops 1 Stenothoe marina 1 Urothoe brevicornis 1 Ampelisca diadema 1 Amphilochus manudens 1 Amphilochus spencebatei 1 Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana 1 Bodotria 1 Cheirocratus assimilis 1 Corystes cassivelaunus 1 Cressa dubia 1
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Taxa % Occurrence Ebalia tumefacta 1 Euphausiidae 1 Gammaropsis maculata 1 Iphimedia spatula 1 Jassa 1 Megaluropus agilis 1 Microdeutopus versiculatus 1 Monoculodes carinatus 1 Mysidae 1 Natatolana gallica 1 Orchomene similis 1 Paguridae 1 Pontophilus spinosus 1 Siphonoecetes kroyeranus 1 Synchelidium maculatum 1 Tanaopsis graciloides 1 Thia scutellata 1 MOLLUSCS Timoclea ovata 31 Leptochiton asellus 28 Diplodonta rotundata 25 Modiolula phaseolina 22 Moerella donacina 22 Kurtiella bidentata 18 Moerella pygmaea 18 Thracia villosiuscula 17 Euspira nitida 17 Corbula gibba 15 Chamelea striatula 13 Hiatella arctica 13 Anomiidae 13 Phaxas pellucidus 13 Abra alba 11 Nucula nitidosa 10 Leptochiton cancellatus 9 Aeolidiidae 8 Dosinia 8 Gari fervensis 8 Abra prismatica 8 Nucula hanleyi 8 Nucula nucleus 8 Glycymeris glycymeris 7 Spisula 7 Gibbula tumida 6 Spisula elliptica 6 Thracia phaseolina 6 Clausinella fasciata 6 Kellia suborbicularis 6 Tellimya ferruginosa 6 Thyasira flexuosa 6
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Taxa % Occurrence Parvicardium scabrum 5 Onchidoris 4 Polititapes rhomboides 4 Cylichna cylindracea 4 Aequipecten opercularis 3 Hedylopsis 3 Onchidoris muricata 3 Parvicardium pinnulatum 3 Acteon tornatilis 3 Arcopagia crassa 3 Calliostoma zizyphinum 3 Crepidula fornicata 3 Gari tellinella 3 Lucinoma borealis 3 Montacuta substriata 3 Musculus subpictus 3 Mya truncata 3 Pectinidae 3 Striarca lactea 3 Acanthodoris pilosa 2 Barnea parva 2 Dosinia exoleta 2 Ensis 2 Hemilepton nitidum 2 Hinia incrassata 2 Hinia reticulata 2 Palliolum tigerinum 2 Pholadidea loscombiana 2 Acanthocardia echinata 1 Circomphalus casina 1 Doto hystrix 1 Doto pinnatifida 1 Emarginula fissura 1 Eulima bilineata 1 Fabulina fabula 1 Gouldia minima 1 Hinia pygmaea 1 Limaria loscombi 1 Philine angulata 1 Solenogastres 1 Acanthochitona crinitus 1 Antalis entalis 1 Brachystomia eulimoides 1 Buccinum undatum 1 Capulus ungaricus 1 Colus gracilis 1 Dosinia lupinus 1 Doto lemchei 1 Doto tuberculata 1 Ensis magnus 1
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Taxa % Occurrence Euspira catena 1 Gastropoda 1 Goniodorididae 1 Goodallia triangularis 1 Jujubinus montagui 1 Limatula subauriculata 1 Lomanotus 1 Lyonsia norwegica 1 Mangelia nebula 1 Mysia undata 1 Neomenia carinata 1 Onchidoris depressa 1 Pecten maximus 1 Polycera faeroensis 1 Raphitoma linearis 1 Rissoa parva 1 Scaphander lignarius 1 Simnia patula 1 Spisula subtruncata 1 Thracia 1 Tritonia 1 Trophonopsis muricata 1 LAMP SHELLS Brachiopoda 4 BRYOZOA Chorizopora brongniartii 40 Schizomavella 35 Cellaria 33 Microporella ciliata 33 Crisia 33 Escharella ventricosa 32 Tubulipora liliacea 31 Puellina innominata 29 Scrupocellaria scruposa 28 Disporella hispida 27 Escharella immersa 26 Cellepora pumicosa 24 Hippoporina pertusa 24 Escharina johnstoni 20 Aetea anguina 19 Alcyonidioides mytili 19 Fenestrulina malusii 19 Neolagenipora collaris 19 Annectocyma major 18 Electra pilosa 18 Reptadeonella violacea 18 Vesicularia spinosa 18 Hippothoa divaricata 17 Puellina 17 Scrupocellaria scrupea 17
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Taxa % Occurrence Parasmittina trispinosa 16 Scruparia ambigua 16 Turbicellepora avicularis 16 Bicellariella ciliata 15 Crassimarginatella solidula 15 Alcyonidium diaphanum 14 Alcyonidium parasiticum 14 Smittina cheilostoma 14 Crisidia cornuta 13 Callopora discreta 12 Phylactella labrosa 12 Collarina balzaci 11 Celleporella hyalina 10 Flustra foliacea 10 Omalosecosa ramulosa 10 Schizotheca fissa 10 Eucratea loricata 9 Figularia figularis 9 Celleporina decipiens 8 Escharella variolosa 8 Escharina hyndmanni 8 Hippothoa flagellum 8 Pyripora catenularia 8 Chartella papyracea 8 Pentapora fascialis 8 Beania mirabilis 7 Callopora lineata 7 Eurystrotos compacta 7 Lagenipora lepralioides 7 Palmiskenea skenei 7 Schizomavella linearis 7 Plagioecia patina 6 Stomatoporina incurvata 6 Ammatophora nodulosa 6 Callopora dumerilii 5 Hagiosynodos latus 5 Micropora normani 5 Porella minuta 5 Trypostega venusta 5 Porella concinna 4 Scrupocellaria reptans 3 Tubulipora 3 Arthropoma cecilii 3 Bowerbankia 3 Plagioecia sarniensis 3 Rhynchozoon bispinosum 3 Escharoides 2 Micropora coriacea 2 Nolella 2 Schizotheca divisa 2
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Taxa % Occurrence Scruparia chelata 2 Aetea sica 1 Alderina imbellis 1 Escharoides coccinea 1 Rosseliana rosselii 1 Bugula plumosa 1 Bugula turbinata 1 Celleporina hassallii 1 Cheilostomatida 1 Codonellina lacunata 1 Haplopoma impressum 1 Liripora amphorae 1 Membraniporella nitida 1 Schizomavella cristata 1 Schizomavella discoidea 1 Schizomavella hastata 1 Schizoporella patula 1 Setosella vulnerata 1 Smittina crystallina 1 HORSESHOE WORMS Phoronis 24 SEA STARS, URCHINS, SEA CUCUMBERS Echinocyamus pusillus 57 Amphipholis squamata 31 Ophiura 21 Ophiothrix fragilis 12 Ophiactis balli 11 Amphiura filiformis 9 Ophiura albida 8 Amphiuridae 7 Echinocardium cordatum 4 Echinoidea 4 Psammechinus miliaris 4 Spatangus purpureus 4 Neopentadactyla mixta 3 Acrocnida brachiata 3 Amphiura securigera 3 Leptosynapta 3 Leptosynapta bergensis 3 Leptosynapta minuta 3 Ophiura ophiura 3 Thyone fusus 3 Echinocardium 2 Leptosynapta decaria 2 Spatangus 2 Asterias rubens 1 Echinocardium flavescens 1 Labidoplax digitata 1 Ocnus brunneus 1 Ophiocten affinis 1
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Taxa % Occurrence Asteroidea 1 Echinocardium pennatifidum 1 Holothurioidea 1 Ophiopsila annulosa 1 ACORN WORMS Rhabdopleura compacta 3 Enteropneusta 2 SEA SQUIRTS Dendrodoa grossularia 35 Didemnidae 14 Ascidiacea 1 Molgula 1 Molgula oculata 1 Polycarpa fibrosa 1 LANCELETS Branchiostoma lanceolatum 16 FISH Gobiesocidae 1 Gymnammodytes semisquamatus 1
Species list for video samples (Species FOCI indicated by grey shading, if present). Percentage occurrence was calculated as the ‘Number of samples where the species occurs/total number of samples’ x 100.
Taxa % Occurrence SPONGES Porifera 24 Cliona celata 4 Polymastia penicillus 2 Hemimycale columella 2 Raspailia ramosa 2 Amphilectus fucorum 1 Ciocalypta penicillus 1 Suberites ficus 1 HYDROIDS, CORALS, JELLYFISH, ANEMONES Hydrozoa 55 Alcyonium digitatum 40 Nemertesia 32 Nemertesia antennina 28 Actiniaria 27 Urticina 22 Sertularia 14 Abietinaria abietina 11 Hydrallmania falcata 11 Caryophyllia smithii 11 Nemertesia ramosa 10 Mesacmaea mitchelli 9
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Taxa % Occurrence Sagartia troglodytes 7 Sagartia 5 Cerianthus lloydii 4 Tubularia indivisa 4 Sagartiidae 3 Corynactis viridis 2 Eunicella verrucosa 2 Actinothoe sphyrodeta 2 Cerianthidae 2 Metridium senile 2 Diphasia 1 Halcampoides elongatus 1 Obelia geniculata 1 SEGMENTED WORMS Spirobranchus 60 Serpulidae 11 Sabella pavonina 3 Lanice conchilega 3 Bispira volutacornis 1 Terebellidae 1 CRUSTACEANS Paguridae 52 Majidae 21 Ebalia 14 Brachyura 12 Caridea 9 Maja squinado 4 Thoracica 4 Corystes cassivelaunus 3 Decapoda 2 Macropodia 2 Galatheidae 2 Cancer pagurus 1 MOLLUSCS Aequipecten opercularis 24 Pecten maximus 18 Pectinidae 13 Calliostoma zizyphinum 9 Trochidae 9 Polyplacophora 4 Sepia officinalis 3 Buccinum undatum 2 Crepidula fornicata 1 Gastropoda 1 Bivalvia 1 Teuthida 1 LAMP SHELLS Brachiopoda 1 BRYOZOANS Bryozoa 38
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Taxa % Occurrence Cellaria 14 Pentapora foliacea 7 Alcyonidium diaphanum 4 Flustra foliacea 2 Membranipora membranacea 2 Crisiidae 2 SEA STARS, URCHINS, SEA CUCUMBERS Ophiura 29 Asterias rubens 21 Ophiothrix fragilis 13 Ophiura albida 11 Asteroidea 10 Echinus esculentus 7 Antedon bifida 6 Ophiocomina nigra 5 Ophiura ophiura 4 Crossaster papposus 3 Marthasterias glacialis 3 Ophiuroidea 2 Astropecten irregularis 2 Luidia ciliaris 1 SEA SQUIRTS Stolidobranchia 4 Ascidiacea 1 Didemnidae 1 FISH Teleostei 33 Trisopterus luscus 11 Gadidae 10 Scyliorhinus canicula 4 Chelidonichthys cuculus 3 Triglidae 3 Callionymus lyra 2 Pleuronectiformes 2 Ammodytidae 1 Chelidonichthys lucerna 1 Limanda limanda 1 Pleuronectes platessa 1 ALGAE Rhodophyta 7 Corallinaceae 5 Laminaria 5 Laminaria hyperborea 3 Laminaria ochroleuca 1 Phycodrys rubens 1
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Appendix 5. Analyses of sediment samples: classification and composition Stn No. Stn Code Latitude Longitude Sediment Description EUNIS Level 3/BSH Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt/clay (%) 98 SKBS001 50.20247 -3.76337 mud and sandy mud A5.3 - Subtidal mud 1.21 71.46 27.33 100 SKBS002 50.19699 -3.75816 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 43.25 55.72 1.03 97 SKBS003 50.20872 -3.75870 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.01 93.92 6.08 151 SKBS004 50.19113 -3.75186 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 13.30 50.66 36.04 99 SKBS005 50.20263 -3.75276 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 23.85 73.37 2.78 101 SKBS006 50.19940 -3.74545 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 22.64 76.25 1.11 152 SKBS007 50.19133 -3.74117 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 22.60 51.20 26.20 153 SKBS010 50.19130 -3.73034 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 43.22 53.74 3.04 103 SKBS014 50.19781 -3.70485 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 11.48 87.30 1.22 154 SKBS015 50.19782 -3.69421 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 43.32 54.93 1.75 155 SKBS016 50.19810 -3.68368 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 58.79 38.54 2.67 156 SKBS017 50.19202 -3.67853 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 55.93 41.91 2.15 104 SKBS018 50.20398 -3.67948 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 18.39 80.54 1.07 105 SKBS020 50.20416 -3.66837 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 65.46 33.33 1.21 157 SKBS021 50.19833 -3.66271 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 32.38 67.38 0.24 162 SKBS022 50.21034 -3.66347 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 29.24 69.07 1.69 106 SKBS023 50.20411 -3.65807 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 52.18 46.80 1.03 158 SKBS024 50.19845 -3.65275 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 13.91 86.09 0.00 108 SKBS026 50.20394 -3.64754 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 28.87 69.13 2.00 159 SKBS028 50.20470 -3.63675 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 35.71 64.29 0.00 160 SKBS029 50.21074 -3.63236 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 30.28 69.72 0.00 161 SKBS030 50.21653 -3.62738 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 39.26 58.41 2.33 111 SKBS031 50.22206 -3.62068 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 32.01 66.37 1.62 107 SKBS033 50.20490 -3.65269 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 43.68 56.13 0.20 113 SKBS034 50.22688 -3.61414 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 7.79 73.68 18.52 95 SKBS035 50.18577 -3.74765 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 28.17 69.41 2.42 410 SKBS036 50.17373 -3.73617 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 39.11 57.90 2.99 454 SKBS039 50.16314 -3.68233 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 17.45 80.38 2.17 442 SKBS041 50.12781 -3.67088 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 14.29 74.55 11.16
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Stn No. Stn Code Latitude Longitude Sediment Description EUNIS Level 3/BSH Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt/clay (%) 459 SKBS044 50.14013 -3.66087 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 32.31 62.72 4.97 478 SKBS045 50.16316 -3.66213 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 20.03 76.27 3.70 460 SKBS047 50.12857 -3.64964 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 16.60 72.14 11.25 477 SKBS048 50.15255 -3.65238 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 13.31 83.12 3.56 474 SKBS050 50.14013 -3.63993 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 18.40 72.07 9.53 472 SKBS053 50.12851 -3.62862 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 7.91 80.59 11.50 489 SKBS057 50.14066 -3.61905 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 19.23 68.52 12.25 501 SKBS058 50.16378 -3.61978 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 16.72 81.02 2.26 490 SKBS061 50.12915 -3.60757 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 13.93 78.27 7.80 498 SKBS062 50.15205 -3.60865 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 22.65 75.39 1.96 506 SKBS063 50.17562 -3.60971 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 36.52 57.89 5.59 164 SKBS065 50.22274 -3.61145 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 65.93 32.62 1.45 496 SKBS066 50.14085 -3.59790 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 9.24 87.18 3.58 507 SKBS067 50.16406 -3.59906 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 8.02 90.77 1.21 520 SKBS068 50.18747 -3.60004 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 40.16 55.60 4.24 166 SKBS070 50.23429 -3.60148 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 38.29 60.19 1.52 495 SKBS071 50.12944 -3.58712 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 14.83 79.49 5.68 509 SKBS072 50.15249 -3.58816 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 13.65 83.60 2.75 168 SKBS076 50.24619 -3.59119 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 24.76 74.78 0.47 512 SKBS077 50.14118 -3.57658 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 22.54 73.77 3.69 515 SKBS078 50.16462 -3.57745 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 12.28 84.59 3.13 526 SKBS079 50.18800 -3.57823 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 20.99 76.25 2.77 538 SKBS080 50.21116 -3.57941 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 17.60 79.09 3.31 539 SKBS081 50.23087 -3.57724 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 34.41 64.45 1.14 527 SKBS083 50.17649 -3.56728 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 24.36 69.77 5.87 535 SKBS084 50.19967 -3.56804 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 23.63 74.16 2.21 541 SKBS085 50.22282 -3.56913 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 24.46 70.63 4.91 529 SKBS086 50.16500 -3.55633 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 9.97 88.85 1.18 533 SKBS087 50.18811 -3.55700 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 14.38 80.01 5.61 544 SKBS088 50.21156 -3.55837 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 18.73 75.25 6.02 532 SKBS089 50.17667 -3.54671 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 15.19 74.59 10.23
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Stn No. Stn Code Latitude Longitude Sediment Description EUNIS Level 3/BSH Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt/clay (%) 545 SKBS090 50.19973 -3.54735 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 12.99 80.48 6.53 557 SKBS091 50.22345 -3.54769 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 6.21 88.55 5.24 547 SKBS092 50.18843 -3.53640 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 15.43 78.28 6.30 556 SKBS093 50.21177 -3.53730 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 12.29 86.90 0.81 567 SKBS094 50.23523 -3.53770 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 19.05 69.70 11.25 550 SKBS095 50.20037 -3.52662 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 25.89 66.09 8.02 553 SKBS096 50.22361 -3.52716 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 15.94 83.10 0.97 551 SKBS097 50.21200 -3.51606 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 11.46 82.44 6.10 513 SKBS099 50.15922 -3.57082 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 18.54 79.03 2.43 570 SKBS100 50.24257 -3.51927 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 9.75 77.46 12.79 561 SKBS101 50.24543 -3.56488 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 13.39 72.46 14.16 560 SKBS102 50.23480 -3.55908 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 16.88 76.55 6.57 563 SKBS103 50.25851 -3.56007 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 27.89 71.50 0.62 566 SKBS104 50.24665 -3.54890 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 19.50 78.66 1.84 583 SKBS105 50.26979 -3.54975 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 30.25 67.01 2.73 579 SKBS106 50.25854 -3.53853 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 9.94 86.00 4.06 586 SKBS107 50.28185 -3.53961 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.34 98.88 0.77 604 SKBS108 50.30516 -3.54021 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.76 82.51 16.73 578 SKBS109 50.24953 -3.53083 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 18.00 70.96 11.04 590 SKBS110 50.27033 -3.52869 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 1.05 95.14 3.81 599 SKBS111 50.29368 -3.52892 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 10.52 89.48 0.00 605 SKBS112 50.31713 -3.52997 mud and sandy mud A5.3 - Subtidal mud 0.42 76.05 23.53 575 SKBS113 50.25882 -3.52042 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 34.90 55.46 9.65 598 SKBS114 50.28214 -3.51843 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 14.76 83.05 2.18 609 SKBS115 50.30566 -3.51907 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 5.79 86.32 7.89 591 SKBS116 50.27065 -3.50742 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.11 91.86 8.03 595 SKBS117 50.28697 -3.50902 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 6.76 90.43 2.81 612 SKBS118 50.31705 -3.50933 mud and sandy mud A5.3 - Subtidal mud 0.21 76.41 23.38 594 SKBS119 50.28249 -3.49806 mud and sandy mud A5.3 - Subtidal mud 0.01 78.13 21.86 613 SKBS120 50.30595 -3.49807 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.18 89.04 10.77 616 SKBS121 50.29404 -3.48740 mud and sandy mud A5.3 - Subtidal mud 4.32 74.65 21.03
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Stn No. Stn Code Latitude Longitude Sediment Description EUNIS Level 3/BSH Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt/clay (%) 574 SKBS122 50.26012 -3.50576 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 19.93 72.21 7.85 571 SKBS123 50.24918 -3.51526 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 6.79 77.19 16.01 581 SKBS124 50.26121 -3.54931 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 18.94 76.69 4.37 587 SKBS125 50.27622 -3.53715 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 9.42 79.03 11.56 601 SKBS126 50.29242 -3.54566 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.01 99.99 0.00 608 SKBS127 50.31179 -3.52646 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 9.36 85.71 4.93 395 SKBS129 50.11566 -3.72304 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 7.49 86.89 5.63 405 SKBS130 50.13975 -3.72532 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 66.57 33.03 0.41 413 SKBS131 50.16225 -3.72476 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 23.63 73.38 2.99 396 SKBS132 50.10428 -3.71170 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 14.01 85.60 0.39 402 SKBS133 50.12748 -3.71300 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 19.85 78.53 1.63 417 SKBS134 50.15080 -3.71372 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 14.02 79.29 6.69 450 SKBS135 50.17408 -3.71499 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 21.37 75.12 3.51 399 SKBS136 50.11599 -3.70205 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 19.23 78.75 2.02 418 SKBS137 50.13922 -3.70322 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 8.75 89.96 1.29 448 SKBS138 50.16259 -3.70395 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 13.97 77.79 8.25 426 SKBS139 50.10456 -3.69080 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 5.05 94.39 0.56 420 SKBS140 50.12786 -3.69182 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 31.13 65.56 3.31 423 SKBS143 50.11639 -3.68112 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 17.30 79.45 3.25 445 SKBS144 50.14106 -3.68214 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 17.27 82.05 0.68 430 SKBS145 50.10493 -3.66958 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 12.06 85.18 2.75 432 SKBS146 50.09342 -3.65891 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 34.48 64.60 0.92 441 SKBS147 50.11667 -3.66029 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 4.66 92.12 3.21 438 SKBS148 50.10483 -3.64879 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 18.96 80.31 0.73 435 SKBS149 50.09366 -3.63842 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 18.64 80.20 1.16 463 SKBS150 50.11705 -3.63917 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 10.88 86.33 2.79 466 SKBS151 50.10549 -3.62771 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 9.83 89.69 0.48 471 SKBS152 50.11712 -3.61814 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 10.54 86.53 2.94 409 SKBS153 50.16318 -3.73878 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 29.43 65.31 5.25 401 SKBS154 50.12313 -3.70232 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 15.66 83.09 1.24 414 SKBS155 50.15307 -3.72482 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 27.98 70.32 1.70
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Stn No. Stn Code Latitude Longitude Sediment Description EUNIS Level 3/BSH Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt/clay (%) 436 SKBS156 50.10063 -3.63959 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 26.80 71.83 1.37 424 SKBS157 50.10753 -3.68288 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 12.67 83.03 4.30 464 SKBS158 50.10126 -3.63041 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 17.58 82.42 0.00 429 SKBS159 50.10011 -3.67553 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 23.82 75.38 0.80 492 SKBS160 50.11744 -3.60250 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 29.99 69.39 0.61 468 SKBS161 50.10859 -3.61630 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 27.19 71.96 0.85 96 SKBS162 50.21231 -3.76584 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.19 93.40 6.40 109 SKBS169 50.21361 -3.68112 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 7.16 83.47 9.37 40 SKBS172 50.23324 -3.65104 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 20.08 56.91 23.01 43 SKBS173 50.24437 -3.65048 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 21.83 60.33 17.84 50 SKBS175 50.23734 -3.64644 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 14.04 70.15 15.81 45 SKBS176 50.25310 -3.64764 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 19.87 57.13 23.00 38 SKBS177 50.22978 -3.63955 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 28.60 48.62 22.79 44 SKBS178 50.24547 -3.63998 mud and sandy mud A5.3 - Subtidal mud 1.78 57.76 40.46 47 SKBS179 50.26087 -3.64067 mixed sediments A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments 5.58 74.01 20.41 42 SKBS181 50.23765 -3.63247 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.10 98.40 1.50 46 SKBS182 50.25349 -3.63343 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.29 88.92 10.80 49 SKBS183 50.26732 -3.63337 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.09 86.04 13.87 51 SKBS184 50.22987 -3.62569 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 3.29 96.05 0.66 54 SKBS185 50.24569 -3.62588 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.00 98.06 1.94 48 SKBS186 50.26118 -3.62649 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.26 92.65 7.08 53 SKBS187 50.23875 -3.61450 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 4.86 94.49 0.64 55 SKBS188 50.25374 -3.61957 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.00 97.12 2.88 59 SKBS189 50.26901 -3.61953 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.41 93.69 5.90 63 SKBS190 50.24595 -3.61278 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.06 99.94 0.00 56 SKBS191 50.26145 -3.61294 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.04 94.93 5.03 167 SKBS192 50.23832 -3.60544 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 2.82 96.04 1.14 64 SKBS193 50.25369 -3.60583 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.33 98.54 1.13 58 SKBS194 50.26934 -3.60585 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.20 92.74 7.06 62 SKBS195 50.24584 -3.59810 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.60 98.32 1.08 57 SKBS196 50.26178 -3.59817 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.55 98.28 1.17
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Stn No. Stn Code Latitude Longitude Sediment Description EUNIS Level 3/BSH Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt/clay (%) 114 SKBS197 50.25371 -3.59158 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 31.65 65.41 2.93 117 SKBS198 50.26957 -3.59211 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.04 96.91 3.05 115 SKBS199 50.26139 -3.58467 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 20.19 79.16 0.66 118 SKBS200 50.26965 -3.57767 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.86 99.14 0.00 60 SKBS204 50.24293 -3.61103 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.72 99.28 0.00 52 SKBS205 50.23481 -3.62342 sand and muddy sand A5.2 - Subtidal sand 0.42 98.71 0.88 116 SKBS206 50.26258 -3.59141 coarse sediment A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment 6.43 92.31 1.26
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Appendix 6. BSH/EUNIS Level 3 descriptions derived from video and stills Station No. Station Code Latitude Longitude Habitat No. EUNIS Level 3/BSH MNCR Code 411 SKBS036 50.173852 -3.736204 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 455 SKBS039 50.162955 -3.681908 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 457 SKBS042 50.151582 -3.671572 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 481 SKBS043 50.174937 -3.672644 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 459 SKBS044 50.140039 -3.660453 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 479 SKBS045 50.163025 -3.66259 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 461 SKBS047 50.128544 -3.64971 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 476 SKBS048 50.152524 -3.65274 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 482 SKBS049 50.175203 -3.651109 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 475 SKBS050 50.140244 -3.639884 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 475 SKBS050 50.140313 -3.639846 2 A4.2 - Moderate energy circalittoral rock CR.MCR.EcCr 475 SKBS050 50.140424 -3.639779 3 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 485 SKBS051 50.163647 -3.64007 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 473 SKBS053 50.128591 -3.629765 1 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 487 SKBS054 50.1522 -3.629359 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 503 SKBS055 50.175785 -3.631612 1 A4.2 - Moderate energy circalittoral rock CR.MCR.EcCr 503 SKBS055 50.175981 -3.631269 2 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 503 SKBS055 50.176222 -3.630779 3 A4.2 - Moderate energy circalittoral rock CR.MCR.EcCr 488 SKBS057 50.140669 -3.618563 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 500 SKBS058 50.163603 -3.619461 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 504 SKBS059 50.187068 -3.621189 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 504 SKBS059 50.187337 -3.620396 2 A4.2 - Moderate energy circalittoral rock CR.MCR.EcCr 491 SKBS061 50.129084 -3.607092 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 499 SKBS062 50.152139 -3.608966 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 505 SKBS063 50.175405 -3.61035 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 497 SKBS066 50.140729 -3.597327 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS
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Station No. Station Code Latitude Longitude Habitat No. EUNIS Level 3/BSH MNCR Code 508 SKBS067 50.164002 -3.599901 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 519 SKBS068 50.187675 -3.598955 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 494 SKBS071 50.129463 -3.586726 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 510 SKBS072 50.15257 -3.588096 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 517 SKBS073 50.176069 -3.588311 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 522 SKBS074 50.199526 -3.589258 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 511 SKBS077 50.141039 -3.577136 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 516 SKBS078 50.164468 -3.577813 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 523 SKBS079 50.188172 -3.579207 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 537 SKBS080 50.211191 -3.579498 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 540 SKBS081 50.230844 -3.577589 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 528 SKBS083 50.17647 -3.566714 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 536 SKBS084 50.19968 -3.56814 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 542 SKBS085 50.222914 -3.569112 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 530 SKBS086 50.16499 -3.556339 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 534 SKBS087 50.188001 -3.5569 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 543 SKBS088 50.211386 -3.558542 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 531 SKBS089 50.17667 -3.546303 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 546 SKBS090 50.199474 -3.547859 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 558 SKBS091 50.223205 -3.548593 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 548 SKBS092 50.188312 -3.536519 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 555 SKBS093 50.211923 -3.537051 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 568 SKBS094 50.235231 -3.537771 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 549 SKBS095 50.200159 -3.526523 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 554 SKBS096 50.223575 -3.526991 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 552 SKBS097 50.211914 -3.516054 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 514 SKBS099 50.159017 -3.570623 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 569 SKBS100 50.242507 -3.518358 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS
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Station No. Station Code Latitude Longitude Habitat No. EUNIS Level 3/BSH MNCR Code 562 SKBS101 50.245433 -3.565144 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 559 SKBS102 50.234913 -3.558826 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 564 SKBS103 50.258596 -3.55963 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 565 SKBS104 50.246697 -3.548633 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 584 SKBS105 50.269909 -3.549787 1 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 580 SKBS106 50.258479 -3.538659 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa.CMuSa 585 SKBS107 50.281606 -3.539618 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 603 SKBS108 50.305267 -3.539947 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 577 SKBS109 50.24925 -3.530953 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 589 SKBS110 50.270521 -3.528468 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa.CMuSa 600 SKBS111 50.293603 -3.528623 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 606 SKBS112 50.316818 -3.530631 1 A5.3 - Subtidal mud SS.SMu.CSaMu 576 SKBS113 50.258937 -3.520991 1 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 597 SKBS114 50.282295 -3.518117 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 610 SKBS115 50.305547 -3.519157 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 592 SKBS116 50.270615 -3.507585 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa.CMuSa 596 SKBS117 50.286954 -3.509237 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa.CMuSa 611 SKBS118 50.317565 -3.508937 1 A5.3 - Subtidal mud SS.SMu.CSaMu 593 SKBS119 50.282643 -3.497384 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa.CMuSa 614 SKBS120 50.305803 -3.498171 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 615 SKBS121 50.294339 -3.487049 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa.CMuSa 573 SKBS122 50.260149 -3.506209 1 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 572 SKBS123 50.249164 -3.515432 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 582 SKBS124 50.261417 -3.54965 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 582 SKBS124 50.261446 -3.549651 2 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 582 SKBS124 50.262026 -3.549694 3 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 582 SKBS124 50.262104 -3.549692 4 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 588 SKBS125 50.275461 -3.537456 1 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx
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Station No. Station Code Latitude Longitude Habitat No. EUNIS Level 3/BSH MNCR Code 588 SKBS125 50.275498 -3.537436 2 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 588 SKBS125 50.275594 -3.537364 3 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 588 SKBS125 50.275697 -3.537317 4 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 607 SKBS127 50.311911 -3.526303 1 A5.2 - Subtidal sand SS.SSa 407 SKBS128 50.150626 -3.734558 1 A4.2 - Moderate energy circalittoral rock CR.MCR 407 SKBS128 50.150735 -3.735225 2 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 394 SKBS129 50.115789 -3.722382 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 404 SKBS130 50.139752 -3.724976 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 412 SKBS131 50.162282 -3.725536 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 397 SKBS132 50.104254 -3.711447 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 408 SKBS133 50.127503 -3.712703 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 416 SKBS134 50.150719 -3.714062 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 451 SKBS135 50.174084 -3.714911 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 398 SKBS136 50.116074 -3.701418 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 419 SKBS137 50.139467 -3.7029 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 449 SKBS138 50.162687 -3.704618 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 427 SKBS139 50.104521 -3.690784 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 421 SKBS140 50.127929 -3.691806 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 447 SKBS141 50.151143 -3.693227 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 452 SKBS142 50.177682 -3.696725 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 422 SKBS143 50.116253 -3.680844 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 444 SKBS144 50.140973 -3.682535 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 431 SKBS145 50.104835 -3.669078 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 433 SKBS146 50.093378 -3.659068 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 440 SKBS147 50.116543 -3.66004 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 439 SKBS148 50.104849 -3.648991 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 434 SKBS149 50.093681 -3.638036 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 462 SKBS150 50.117029 -3.638646 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS
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Station No. Station Code Latitude Longitude Habitat No. EUNIS Level 3/BSH MNCR Code 467 SKBS151 50.105334 -3.627554 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 470 SKBS152 50.117032 -3.617815 1 A5.4 - Subtidal mixed sediments SS.SMx.CMx 408 SKBS153 50.163043 -3.738861 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 400 SKBS154 50.123071 -3.702747 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 415 SKBS155 50.153089 -3.72505 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 437 SKBS156 50.100547 -3.640042 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 425 SKBS157 50.107375 -3.682257 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 465 SKBS158 50.101257 -3.630603 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 428 SKBS159 50.100083 -3.674894 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 493 SKBS160 50.11743 -3.602598 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS 469 SKBS161 50.108642 -3.616695 1 A5.1 - Subtidal coarse sediment SS.SCS.CCS
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Appendix 7. Example images from survey for broadscale habitats Broadscale Habitats Description Example Image taken during survey A3 Infralittoral rock Infralittoral rock includes habitats of bedrock, boulders and cobbles which occur in the shallow subtidal zone and typically support seaweed communities.
A4.1 High energy Deeper water rock, circalittoral rock subject to very strong waves and currents
A4.2 Moderate energy Deeper water rock, circalittoral rock subject to moderate waves and currents
A5 Subtidal sediments Sand, mud and coarse sediments on open coasts.
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A5.1 Sublittoral coarse Coarse sediments sediment including coarse sand, gravel, pebbles, shingle and cobbles which are often unstable due to tidal currents and/or wave action.
A5.2 Sublittoral sand Clean medium to fine sands or non-cohesive slightly muddy sands on open coasts, offshore or in estuaries and marine inlets.
A5.3 Subtidal mud Subtidal mud and cohesive sandy mud extending from the extreme lower shore to offshore, circalittoral habitats.
A5.4 Subtidal mixed Sublittoral mixed sediments (heterogeneous) sediments found from the extreme low water mark to deep offshore circalittoral habitats.
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Appendix 8. Example images from survey for habitat FOCI Habitat FOCI Description Example Image taken during survey
Subtidal Sands and Sand and gravel Gravels seabeds widespread around the UK
Mud Habitats in Deep Subtidal mud and Water cohesive sandy mud extending from the extreme lower shore to offshore, circalittoral habitats
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