Immigration Related Sources

Websites:

There are many websites on immigration. This list is just a small selection of sites for the exploration of issues related to past and current immigration, as well as photographs, documents, and oral histories.

US Immigration by Region and Decade: 1821-2000 (chart) includes push-pull factors; other lesson plans and background information available from Johnstown Era Heritage Association and Discovery Center. www.jaha.org (document can be found at www.jaha.org/edu/discovery_center/push-pull/chart_w_events.html)

American Memory: Migrated Collections, Library of Congress – for photos and documents http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/browse/index.html

Book of photos titled “Quarantine Sketches” published c. 1902-03, shows landing at , medical and legal inspection, hospitals, and departing Ellis Island. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~quarantine/mal00.htm

From PBS.org The Border – examines contemporary life along US-Mexican border http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/search/?q=the+border

The First Measured Century – examines waves of immigration http://www.pbs.org/fmc/timeline/eimmigration.htm

The New Americans – contemporary immigrants http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/newamericans/foreducators_index.html

Digital History “Ethnic Voices” section – immigration photos, lesson plans, etc includes African American migration (forced immigration) and Chinese Immigration http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/voices/voices.cfm

New York Public Library – photos of Ellis Island buildings and immigrants http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchresult.cfm?keyword=ellis+island

Image Detective – Interactive reading a photograph activity on-line, includes immigration as a topic http://www.edc.org/CCT/PMA/image_detective/index.html

National Park Service Website on Ellis Island www.nps.gov/elis

Digital Book Index – Primary source texts about immigration on-line, printable http://www.digitalbookindex.com/_search/search010hstusimmigdeniala.asp

Be a Historian – Immigration – Interactive website teaches process of historical research http://www.campsilos.org/excursions/grout/one/index.htm

Manifest Markings – explanation of markings on manifests and other information about the immigration process http://www.jewishgen.org/infofiles/Manifests/

Immigration to the , 1789-1930 - selected documents from Harvard University library and archives related to immigration http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/immigration/

Terence Vincent Powderly and Ellis Island, 1897-1901 – Catholic University’s archives of photos and documents from the former Commissioner General of Immigration https://cuexhibits.wrlc.org/exhibits/show/powderlyellis/powderlycoll/aboutcoll

Additional Resources

Photographs/video: Jacob Riis and Lewis Hine photos - http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA01/Davis/photography/slideshows/slideshows.html Photos of Bridgeport, CT., workers and factories, 1900 – 1920 - http://www.bridgeporthistory.org/ Lewis Hine photos with original captions by Hine - http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabor/ Iron and Steel workers in Gary, Indiana- http://www.letrs.indiana.edu/cgi-bin/ussteel- idx.pl?type=browse&q1=Iron+%26amp%3B+steel+workers Anthracite coal Miners in - https://hsp.org/history-online/exhibits Farmers in Iowa - http://www.campsilos.org/excursions/grout/index.htm

Web Sites with documents and other primary sources:

National Archives - http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom Department of Labor - http://www.dol.gov How The Other Half Lives, Hypertext edition http://depts.washington.edu/envir202/Readings/Reading01.pdf Immigration Act of 1891 - https://www.cbp.gov/about/history/1891-imigration-inspection-expands Immigration laws 1800-1900 https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/our-history/agency- history/early-american-immigration-policies

Authors/Photographers: Jacob Riis, Lewis Hine and John Spargo were writers and photographers who photographed the plight of immigrants, working conditions and working children. Upton Sinclair and other “Muckrakers” of the Progressive Era were writers of fiction and non-fiction whose works are relevant to immigrants and working conditions.

Related Field Trips:

Lower East Side Tenement Museum, Ellis Island

Bibliography Stories Past and Present: The Literature of Immigration

There are many books written for children and adults about the experience of immigration to America and about the passage to America for enslaved people. For this bibliography, books that were chosen reflect the immigrant experience as they begin their new lives in America. There was also special attention given to books/literature written by immigrants about their personal experiences of immigration, being an immigrant in a new country, and also the experiences of those individuals who were enslaved. Although there are some stories listed below, this is just a small selection of the literature of immigration that is out for children and adults of all ages. To find even more immigration literature options, visit the link below for the New York Public Library.

New York Public Library: The Immigrant Experience Through Literature https://www.nypl.org/collections/nypl-recommendations/lists/immigrant-experience-through- literature

Elementary Grades:

Sherry Garland, The Lotus Seed (Florida: Harcourt Brace & Co, 1993). (Vietnam)

Sarah Glasscock, Read Aloud Plays: Immigration (New York: Scholastic, 1991).

Brett Harvey, Immigrant Girl: Becky of Eldridge Street (New York: Holiday House, 1987). (Russia)

Myron Levoy, The Witch of 4th Street and Other Stories (New York: Harper and Row, 1972). (Immigrants in New York)

Allen Say, Grandfather’s Journey (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1993). (Japan)

Elvira Woodruff, The Orphan of Ellis Island – Time Travel Adventures (New York: Scholastic Paperbacks, 2000). (Italy)

Middle Grades:

Mary Jane Auch, Ashes of Roses (New York: Laurel Leaf Publishers, 2004). (Ireland)

Russell Freedman, Immigrant Kids (New York: Puffin Books, 1995).

Sarah Glasscock, Read Aloud Plays: Immigration (New York: Scholastic, 1991).

Virginia Hamilton, The People Could Fly: American Black Folktales (New York: Alfred E. Knopf, Inc., 1985).

Karen Hesse, Letters From Rifka (New York: Macmillan/Squarefish publishers, 1997). (Russia)

Bette Bao Lord, In the Year of the Boar and Jackie Robinson (New York: Harper Collins, 1984). (China)

Walter Dean Myers, The Glory Field (New York: Scholastic Paperbacks, 1996). (Africa)

Shaun Tan, The Arrival (New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 2007). (Graphic Novel)

Laurence Yep, Dragonwings (New York: Harper Collins, 1975). (China)

Anzia Yezierska, The Bread Givers (New York: Persea Books, 2003). (Poland)

Upper Grades:

Mary Jane Auch, Ashes of Roses (New York: Laurel Leaf Publishers, 2004). (Ireland)

Janet Bode, New Kids on the Block: Oral Histories of Immigrant Teens (New York: Franklin Watts, New York, 1989).

Thomas Dublin, ed., Immigrant Voices: New Lives in America, 1773 – 1986 (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1993).

Nancy Farmer, The House of Scorpion (New York: Atheneum/Richard Jackson Books, 2002). (Science Fiction: Mexico/United States)

Ernesto Galarza, Barrio Boy (Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1971). (Mexico) Louis Mendoza and S. Shankar, eds., Crossing into America: The New Literature of Immigration (New York: The New Press, 2005).

Fae Myenne Ng, Bone (New York: Harper Perennial, 1993). (China)

Barbara Rico, ed., American Mosaic: Multicultural Readings in Context (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000).

Ole Edvart Rolvaag, Giants in the Earth: A Saga of the Prairie (New York: Harper Perennial, 1999). (Norway)

For Educators:

(NOTE: Portions of some of these books may be used as read-alouds with younger grades or as additional readings for middle or upper grade students)

Abby Bogomolny, ed., New to North America: Writing by U.S. Immigrants, Their Children, and Grandchildren (California: Burning Bush Publications, 1997).

Linda Joyce Brown, The Literature of Immigration and Racial Formation: Becoming White, Becoming Other, Becoming American in the Late Progressive Era (Kentucky: Routledge, 2004).

Maria Mazziotti Gillan and Jennifer Gillan, eds., Unsettling America: An Anthology of Contemporary Multicultural Poetry (New York: Penguin Books, 1994).

Warren Lehrer and Judith Sloan, Crossing the Blvd.: Strangers, Neighbors, Aliens in a New America (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2003).

Gilbert H Muller, New Strangers in Paradise: The Immigrant Experience and Contemporary American Fiction (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1999).

Edward Rivera, Family Installments: Memories of Growing Up Hispanic (New York: Penguin Books, 1982).

David Roediger, The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Middle Class (New York: Verso Books, 1993)