INSIDE:• Special pullout section on Vice-President Al Gore’s visit to Kyiv featuring his remarks at the Chornobyl Museum and the full text of the joint statement of the Kuchma-Gore Commission, plus photos — pages 9-12.

Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association Vol. LXVI HE KRAINIANNo. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 EEKLY$1.25/$2 in Ukraine CanadianT governmentU quintuples Verkhovna WRada chairman predicts funding for war crimes prosecution cooperation with executive branch

by Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj the world’s nations in overriding techni- by Roman Woronowycz Toronto Press Bureau cal statutory objections from the U.S., Kyiv Press Bureau Israel, China and four other countries to KYIV – Downplaying differences TORONTO — Canada’s Department the creation of a permanent International of Justice (DOJ) and Citizenship and between himself and President Leonid Criminal Court (ICC) with jurisdiction to Kuchma on the commercialization of land, Immigration Canada (CIC) issued the put individuals on trial for genocide, first of a series of annual joint public Verkhovna Rada Chairman Oleksander crimes against humanity, war crimes and Tkachenko said on July 27 that he sees no reports on the country’s War Crimes crimes of aggression. Program on July 21 in Ottawa. That day, reason the legislative and executive The United Nations Diplomatic branches cannot work together to resolve Justice Minister Ann McLellan Conference on the ICC, held in Rome announced that $46.8 million (approxi- Ukraine’s economic and social ills. from June 15 to July 17, established the “One of my goals for the next session mately $31.3 million U.S.) has been allo- global tribunal by adopting the Rome cated over the next three years “to is to deepen relations with the executive Statute of the ICC by a vote of 120 in so as to develop a good legislative base strengthen Canada’s ability to bring to favor, seven against and 21 abstentions. justice those responsible for war crimes, for this country, especially for the needs The DOJ/CIC press release mentions of society,” said Mr. Tkachenko at a crimes against humanity and other repre- that the increased funding will enable the press conference that focused on the hensible acts in times of war.” CIC “to substantially enhance its ability accomplishments of the first session of The allocated amount is a dramatic 480 to process modern-day war crimes the legislature elected in March of this percent increase over the previous fund- cases,” while the public report mentions year. At the news briefing Mr. ing levels, which had risen to about $3.25 that “since the early 1990s, the CIC has Tkachenko also outlined his agenda for million in the 1997-1998 fiscal year. identified nearly 440 individuals suspect- the next second session. The national According to a news release issued ed of [modern-day] war crimes.” The deputies began a summer recess on July concurrently with the 17-page joint press item also relates that Minister 24 that will last until September 7. report on the War Crimes Program, McLellan, also the member of Mr. Tkachenko took the initiative in “funding ... announced today was pro- Parliament for Edmonton West, intro- working to close the rift between the vided for in the February 1998 budget duced amendments to Canada’s government and the Parliament on July Oleksander Tkachenko and is, therefore, built into the existing Extradition Act on May 5, which “will 21, when President Kuchma, Prime fiscal framework.” facilitate extradition to another country Minister Valerii Pustovoitenko and lead- The Parliament chairman explained The announcement came four days ing Cabinet ministers met with him and that the budget problems arise from a after Canadian officials joined a host of (Continued on page 3) the leaders of Verkhovna Rada factions shortfall in revenues, which is a result of at the chairman’s invitation. the government inaccurately forecasting After the meeting, President Kuchma budget receipts; therefore, he added, the Ukraine earns nine medals at Goodwill Games stated that he, too, believes the prospects government is responsible for adjusting for cooperation between the executive the forecast and making the needed PARSIPPANY, N.J. – Twelve days ing. According to those in the know, and the legislative branches are good. changes. into the 15-day Goodwill Games, this is one young athlete to be “The fact that we have gathered together Mr. Tkachenko, who was elected the Ukraine’s favorite color appeared to watched. in such a composition gives me reason to leader of Ukraine’s Parliament after a be silver as the country’s athletes Though pole vaulting phenom believe that serious cooperation between nearly two-month process in which earned five silver medals, three Sergey Bubka disappointed his fans at the president, the government and the scores of nominees were rejected, also bronze and one gold, placing Ukraine the Goodwill Games by no-heighting, Parliament is possible,” said President said the economy will be the priority for fifth in the overall medals count. Ukraine still managed a medal in that Kuchma. the Verkhovna Rada in its next session. World Champion Olena Vitrychenko sport – in the women’s competition. The previous Verkhovna Rada, led by Forty-seven economic bills will be will go home as the all-around silver Anzhela Balakhanova tied for the Socialist Oleksander Moroz, was marked examined – among them 15 bills based medalist in rhythmic gymnastics when bronze medal on July 19 with by its confrontational attitude toward the on the 41 presidential decrees issued in she scored 39.657 to Russia’s Alina Australian Tatyana Gregorieva. The executive branch. the last month by President Kuchma to Kabayeva’s 39.781 points in the silver medalist was another Aussie, Mr. Tkachenko said during his press ward off a looming economic and finan- Goodwill Games on July 23. But she Emma George, while the gold medal- conference that another meeting between cial crisis. The crisis was caused, to will also take home a gold medal in the ist was Yelena Belyakova of Russia. the executive and legislative branches of some extent, by the collapse of Asian government is scheduled for the begin- individual apparatus portion of the Other medalists for Ukraine as the economies, as well as strict requirements ning of September – this time to include competition for her performance with Goodwill Games continued into their proposed by the IMF for a multi-billion- the full complement of national deputies. the rope. second week were: Olena Zhupyna dollar loan that Ukraine needs to pay off Mr. Tkachenko explained that he has In hoop Ms. Vitrychenko was the and Svitlana Serbina, who won the international debts and outstanding treas- silver in the 10-meter platform syn- already convinced the leaders of parlia- ury notes. bronze medalist, while in both clubs mentary factions that there is no need to chronized diving on July 25. Ten of those decrees have already and ribbon she was fifth. Ms. approve changes to the 1998 budget that Ms. Zhupyna paired with Olha taken effect because the Parliament did Kabayeva took home gold medals in the president has demanded. President Leonova came in fifth in the three- not act on them within the 30-day period three of the four individual apparatus Kuchma, under pressure from the meter springboard synchronized div- it has to reject presidential orders; three events: hoops, ribbon and clubs. International Monetary Fund, wants the ing on July 27. have been rejected. Completing the picture was yet anoth- budget deficit for 1998 reduced from 3.3 In the 10-meter platform on July Mr. Tkachenko said that among the er Slav, Yevgeniya Pavlina of Belarus, percent to 2.5 percent. who took second place in hoops, clubs 26, Ms. Zhupyna, the world champion most important issues that need to be “We concluded that by granting the addressed in September are the 1999 and ribbon and third in rope. in that event, finished just out of the president and the Cabinet of Ministers Up-and-coming rhythmic gymnast medals, placing fourth. Laura budget, which he pledged will be the right to incorporate amendments into approved before the end of the year, gov- Tamara Yerofeyeva of Ukraine placed Wilkinson of the U.S. was the gold the national budget, without first exam- seventh in the rope, tied for sixth in medalist, while Cai Yuyan and Sang ernment administrative reform, tax ining that issue in the parliamentary ses- reform, banking regulation, hard curren- both the hoop and the ribbon, and Zue of China were second and third. sion hall, we would not be breaking the took fourth in the clubs. She also The Chinese duo also took home the cy regulation and support for business law,” said Mr. Tkachenko. He said that if expansion. came in sixth in the all-around scor- (Continued on page 13) the Parliament were to take up the task it could have become a six-month process. (Continued on page 3) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

ANALYSIS NEWSBRIEFSNEWSBRIEFS

Trade on agenda of Gore-Kirienko talks new mechanism for top-level bilateral con- U.S.-Ukrainian relations sultations. (RFE/RL Newsline) MOSCOW – Before talks with U.S. after Gore’s trip to Kyiv Vice-President Al Gore on July 24, Prime Parliament passes budget resolution by Sherman W. Garnett Minister Sergei Kirienko called for the sound economic policy. KYIV – The Verkhovna Rada conclud- Third, the U.S. is right to be wary of U.S. to grant Russia most-favored-nation (MFN) trade status, Russian news agen- ed its session on July 24 by passing a 1999 Vice-President Al Gore’s trip to Kyiv appearing to back a candidate in the cies reported. “The classification of Russia budget resolution, Ukrainian Television last week ended with him resisting Ukrainian presidential race given the as a country with a non-market economy reported. The legislators granted the gov- Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma’s absence of real progress toward ending does not meet current realities and leads to ernment the right to set a budget deficit, calls for public U.S. endorsement of an the country’s political and economic stag- International Monetary Fund bail-out the imposition of unjustifiably high anti- providing it can find funds to cover all nation. For President Kuchma the bail-out dumping duties on a number of key export social programs. During its three-month package. Mr. Kuchma sought such an is a crucial element in his re-election cam- endorsement to strengthen both his bar- items,” Mr. Kirienko said. ITAR-TASS session the Parliament rejected two eco- paign. The presidential contest has influ- quoted an unidentified source in the nomic presidential decrees and failed to gaining position with an IMF delegation enced most of the decisions taken in Kyiv arriving during the weekend and his Russian-U.S. Commission on Economic consider another 12, thus allowing them to during the last six months and will likely political standing as he seeks re-election and Technological Cooperation as saying go into force automatically. Another 17 influence all decisions in the next 15. Yet next year. He had counted on U.S. help that Vice-President Gore has agreed to decrees signed by President Leonid the U.S. wants an independent and stable on both accounts. support Russia’s demand for permanent Kuchma in June will go into force if law- Ukraine. Mr. Kuchma has real accom- Yet, there are good reasons why Mr. MFN status. Meanwhile, Mr. Gore told the makers fail to veto or consider them upon plishments to his credit, especially in for- Gore hesitated. First, although no one Russian delegation that he and President reconvening on September 1. (RFE/RL eign policy and in launching the first set doubts the seriousness of Ukraine’s eco- Bill Clinton are “absolutely committed to Newsline) of economic reforms in 1994. But he is nomic crisis, as early as next month the deepening [U.S.-Russian] relationships.” presiding over a country heading back- government may not be able to meet its (RFE/RL Newsline) Belarusian newspaper warned on spelling ward. In such circumstances, the U.S. debt service obligations, there are wide- must be pro-reform, not pro-Kuchma. France to expand ties with Ukraine MIENSK – The Belarusian State Press spread doubts about the Ukrainian gov- Vice-President Gore heard from Committee has warned the Belarusian-lan- ernment’s commitment to reforms, as KYIV – French Foreign Affairs President Kuchma and his senior advisers guage biweekly Nasha Niva not to use the well as its ability to implement them if Minister Hubert Vedrine said in Kyiv on another impassioned argument for U.S. old-style Belarusian spelling, which was adopted. July 24 that France wants to expand ties banned by the Soviet authorities in 1933. Second, bad economic policy is not the and Western assistance to Ukraine and to with Ukraine both on a bilateral basis and Mr. Kuchma personally: the fiscal crisis The newspaper, launched in Vilnius in only source of this crisis. Bad politics are within the sphere of European policies, 1991 by editor Syarhey Dubavets, uses at work as well. The Ukrainian political and the resulting economic and political Ukrainian Radio reported. Mr. Vedrine damage that will come in its wake threat- that spelling, which, Mr. Dubavets says, is establishment does not see political and stressed that France “is convinced of less Russified than the spelling rules intro- en the “survival of the state itself.” economic reforms as an urgent matter. Ukraine’s strategic role in Europe” and duced under Joseph Stalin’s orders. “The Yet it is precisely Ukraine’s survival The most intense struggles in Ukrainian pledges to support Ukraine’s bid to 1933 language reform had a repressive that is not an issue. Even the staunchest politics take place, not among parties, ide- become an associate member of the rather than literary character,” Mr. left-wing politicians in eastern Ukraine ologies or branches of government, but European Union. According to Reuters, Dubavets told Reuters on July 22. The dismiss the collapse of the Ukrainian among the political and economic leader- the French minister backed Ukrainian press committee maintains that Nasha state and its re-integration with Russia as ship, in both Kyiv and the regions. efforts to win a much-needed $2 billion Niva is disobeying Belarusian law by not an impossible scenario. Various coalitions of leading politicians, loan from the International Monetary adopting the “common literary language.” Rather, the question now is what kind bankers, new- and old-style business lead- Fund. President Kuchma and Mr. Vedrine The Higher Economic Court, which ers and government bureaucrats struggle of state Ukraine will become. The broad agreed that during French President banned the opposition newspaper Svaboda for control over the state’s wealth – and alternatives can be stated starkly as a Jacques Chirac’s visit to Ukraine in especially for the positions of state power choice between gradually becoming a September the two countries will create a (Continued on page 16) that control this wealth (and that make the part of Europe or remaining relegated to rules for its privatization). As long as Europe’s periphery. A European Ukraine Ukrainian politics are dominated by this requires bold choices and actions that still-unfinished competition for power and have so far been beyond the ability of Anti-Kuchma newspaper editor shot property, there will be little energy left for this or any other Ukrainian government. KYIV – Serhii Odarych, editor of the “I believe that I had ‘the honor’ of con- A peripheral Ukraine comes by default: Kyiv newspaper We (My) and president of versing with a professional. I was spoken the leadership need only follow the polit- the Ukrainian Perspectives Fund, was shot to very properly. The fact that I am alive is Sherman W. Garnett is a senior asso- ical rules of the game already deeply ciate with the Carnegie Endowment’s during the early morning hours of July 30. not an accident; they didn’t want to kill Russian-Eurasian Program. (Continued on page 19) The shooting came after an unknown me, just to frighten me. If this was a con- man approached Mr. Odarych, who was tract killing I would not be here,” Mr. accompanied by his wife, Anzhela, at about Odarych told Den correspondent Inna 12:30 a.m. and asked to speak with him. As Zolotukhina. Buteiko says Ukraine sees CIS Mr. Odarych told the newspaper Den, “the When asked who might have ordered man warned me that if I do not stop engag- the hit, Mr. Odarych said, “My team and I as mechanism for consultations ing in politics in the near future I will be personally have only one opponent: killed. I answered that I have nothing to President Kuchma. We have no other ene- talk to him about and continued homeward. mies. Our paper regularly publishes articles Embassy of Ukraine gration into the European Union and I had not gone more than four meters when in which we tell the truth about the presi- trans-Atlantic structures. The CIS should WASHINGTON – Ukraine’s First a heard a shot behind my back.” dent and those closest to him.” not be a closed forum but should pro- The bullet entered and exited Mr. Mr. Odarych was listed in satisfactory Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs Anton mote negotiations with other European, Odarych’s left thigh. He was taken to the condition, having sustained only soft-tissue Buteiko said the CIS should be an active American and Asian structures, Mr. Kyiv City hospital, where he underwent damage to his thigh. The attack is being mechanism for negotiation and consulta- Buteiko added. surgery. investigated. tion. He made the statement on July 14, He said this was Ukraine’s position at while addressing a news briefing at the the recent second session of the working Foreign Affairs Ministry in Kyiv. group on improving CIS activities and FOUNDED 1933 Ukraine sees the main task of the CIS reforming its structures. Ukraine’s stance as creating a free trade zone based on the on these issues was supported by the HE KRAINIAN EEKLY norms and principles of the World Trade GUAM group of countries (including TAn English-languageU newspaperW published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., Organization and establishing close bilat- Georgia, Ukraine, Armenia and Moldova), a non-profit association, at 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. eral and multilateral trade and economic he noted. Yearly subscription rate: $50; for UNA members — $40. cooperation among its member-states, None of the issues raised at the session Periodicals postage paid at Parsippany, NJ 07054 and additional mailing offices. Mr. Buteiko said. was finalized, therefore, the next session (ISSN — 0273-9348) He also expressed Ukraine’s position on will be held on July 29-31, Mr. Buteiko improving CIS structures: the four statuto- said. The participating nations agreed Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language weekly newspaper ry bodies of the CIS, namely the Council that recommendations on reforming the (annual subscription fee: $50; $40 for UNA members). of the Heads of State, the Council of the CIS would be adopted on the basis of The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: Heads of Governments, the International consensus. Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 644-9510 Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 292-0900 Economic Committee and the Executive The vice minister attributed Ukraine’s Secretariat, should be retained, while all radical position on the CIS to the fact Postmaster, send address Editor-in-chief: Roma Hadzewycz other organs should be scrapped. The that the body is ineffective. He noted that changes to: Editors: Roman Woronowycz (Kyiv) Executive Secretariat’s 1,700-strong staff only 130 out of the 910 documents thus The Ukrainian Weekly Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj (Toronto) should either be reduced or taken out of far concluded have been signed by all 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280 Irene Jarosewich CIS jurisdiction, he added. participating states, and only 30 have Parsippany, NJ 07054 Ika Koznarska Casanova Mr. Buteiko stressed that Ukraine thus far been ratified. This, he said, would link its cooperation within the CIS shows low interest in the Commonwealth The Ukrainian Weekly, August 2, 1998, No. 31, Vol. LXVI Copyright © 1998 The Ukrainian Weekly to its proclaimed strategic goal of inte- of Independent States. No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 3

properly prepared, the work of the Verkhovna Rada... Verkhovna Rada suffered.” Mr. (Continued from page 1) Tkachenko said he would like the “Team Canada” trade mission “We must give our entrepreneurs a Verkhovna Rada’s rules of procedure to chance to show how they can add to our be changed so that plenary sessions are heads for Ukraine in January quality of life, to employ our people and held for two weeks every month, as add money to government coffers,” said opposed to the current three-week alloca- by Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj Saskatchewan Premier Roy Mr. Tkachenko. tion. The extra week would be dedicated Toronto Press Bureau Romanow, a Ukrainian Canadian, is He said Ukraine’s energy and agro- to work in committees. likely to participate, as Team Canada industrial sector needs special attention. Mr. Tkachenko – whose election as TORONTO — Canadian Prime announcements have rarely been made However, he set limits as to how far chairman was greeted cynically in the Minister Jean Chrétien announced on without prior agreement that all 12 those areas of the economy can be sepa- press, primarily because of a controver- July 8 in Ottawa that the first “Team provincial and territorial leaders and are rated from government control and sial $75 million (U.S.) debt owed to the Canada” trade mission to Europe will willing to go. An official at Mr. referred to the energy sector as “an inte- government by the Land and People take place on January 16 to 27, 1999, Romanow’s office said an official gral part of the ability of the state to Agro-Industrial Organization that he with Ukraine, Poland and Russia as its announcement is likely to be issued in assure its people’s welfare.” founded and whose debt was dismissed focus. the coming weeks. The commercialization of land (that is by the government the day before his “By visiting Russia, Poland and On the website of a government- the buying and selling of land), for which election – stated repeatedly at the news Ukraine we are making sure that assisted agency known as STEP President Kuchma has strongly pushed, conference that he would like the mass Canadian businesses can explore the (Saskatchewan Trade and Export will not happen soon, according to Mr. media to reassess the negative way in opportunities offered by these growing Partnership), Ukraine is prominently dis- Tkachenko, who is the leader of the which it portrays him. economies,” Mr. Chrétien said, adding played on a map of the world, with Peasant Party and who was the Ukrainian Some of Mr. Tkachenko’s comments that “the fact that thousands of ongoing partnerships in the areas of SSR’s last minister of agriculture. “If we were greeted by snickering and laughter Canadians have roots in the region offer energy, agricultural services, technolo- make land a commodity, within five from the press. At one point he stated that natural advantages to expand trade and gies and equipment. (The site address is years it will no longer belong to us, and he doesn’t understand why the mass investment.” http://www.sasktrade.sk.ca). we will not be able to get it back,” said media tends to concentrate on the pursuit According to the Prime Minister’s Two trade missions have already trav- Mr. Tkachenko. He did allow that after of trivial matters in the lives of Ukraine’s Office, the delegation, to consist of Mr. elled to Ukraine this summer on trips 10 to 20 years, the sale of land may be an politicians, such as where they will vaca- Chrétien, provincial premiers and busi- that have included Poland, Iran and option to consider. tion. “We now have a democracy, and I ness leaders, will take part in discussions Turkey, and the Team Canada mission is The structuring of the Verkhovna Rada don’t think that the press needs to intrude with local politicians and entrepreneurs. already firmly ensconced on its calendar along political party and faction lines and in our private matters,” he said. The program of business seminars and of events. the high degree of party allegiance cur- The controversial Mr. Tkachenko, who meetings is intended to expand knowl- The executive director of the rently evident in the Parliament will has long been known for his sharp tongue edge of markets in the target countries Saskatchewan Ukrainian Canadian allow the next parliamentary session to and less than diplomatic demeanor, told and encourage links with local firms. Congress, Ostap Skrypnyk, told The work much more effectively, observed the press that, given time, it will come to “Two-way merchandise trade Weekly on July 29 that, “because of its Mr. Tkachenko. However, he said he will understand him and his way of working. between Canada and these three coun- long association with creation of com- look to make at least one major procedur- “If I am not a star, then I am a planet tries totaled nearly $1.4 billion in 1997, mercial ties with Ukraine, the UCC al change that he hopes will keep the leg- that people are trying to figure out to bet- and the potential for more business is Saskatchewan Provincial Council will islature more focused on its agenda. “We ter predict the future of Ukraine’s highest considerable as they continue their evo- explore every possibility of joining the need to raise the quality of the work in legislative body. The mass media will get lution into modern market economies,” team.” the committees,” said Mr. Tkachenko. used to my viewpoints in a month or noted a press release from the PM’s “Because bills and deputies were not two,” said Mr. Tkachenko. office. (Continued on page 13)

As spelled out in the report, the mandate of the CIC’s master list as meriting special attention,” the report Canadian government... unit is “to serve in a coordinating, reporting and liaison reads, “of these investigations, eight have resulted in the (Continued from page 1) role to ensure that cases are processed as efficiently as commencement of proceedings. In the remaining 21, or to an international tribunal.” possible through the immigration and judicial systems to either the allegations could not be substantiated, or the An appended backgrounder also mentions that the the point of removal from Canada or denial of visas.” subject died.” The CIC is said to have had a more contemporary mandate of the Justice Department’s war crimes unit “will Most controversies skirted be improved and expanded to include modern-day cases.” focus, but responsibilities concerning cases from all eras will be shared more evenly across the board. Canada’s war crimes effort has been under fire from Rehabilitating the program World War II era cases the U.S. media (when CBS “60 Minutes” alleged that The public report concentrates on rehabilitating the Canada was a haven for war criminals), the Jewish com- Canadian war crimes effort, underscoring Minister According to the press backgrounder, “the new munity in the U.S. and Canada, and the Ukrainian McLellan’s assertion that “Canada is not a safe haven appropriation ... will be used to support the nine cases Canadian community, which continues to voice its dif- for war criminals. The actions of this government over now before the court, develop a significant number of ference in principle to the “denaturalization and deporta- the past three years have made this very plain.” additional World War II cases, and bring to court some tion” approach to the issue. Much is made of the Ramirez case of 1992, in which 14 new World War II cases over the next three years.” No mention is made that former War Crimes Section the Federal Court of Appeals suggested that “a person In January 1995, then Justice Minister Allan Rock Director William Kremer was cleared of charges of anti- can be held accountable for crimes against humanity by announced that the Liberal government intended to initi- Semitism by an independent inquiry this March after an participating in the shared acts of the group, although ate denaturalization and deportation cases against 12 11-month investigation, or that the appointment of for- not in a particular act.” individuals suspected of being involved in war crimes; mer U.S. Office of Special Investigations Director Near In keeping with the new focus on modern-day crimes, by December 1997 14 cases were under way. Sher as a special consultant was subject to review by the the backgrounder mentions that thanks to the 1997 The report mentions the decision in the Bogutin case, standing parliamentary Committee on Justice in April, or Musegara case, which involved the deportation of a handed down in February, in which government prose- that the section’s chief historian, Dr. Bettina Birn, was cutors convinced Justice William McKeown of the Rwandan national accused of incitement to commit subjected to intense pressure from the Jewish community Federal Court that the citizenship of a former member of genocide, “Canada has ... become a world leader in the in U.S. and Canada after expressing her opinions in a an German auxiliary police force in eastern Ukraine detection and deportation of perpetrators of modern-day scholarly review of Harvard Prof. Daniel Goldhagen’s should be revoked. war crimes and crimes against humanity.” “Hitler’s Willing Executioners” in late 1997. Two of the first 14 defendants are said to have chosen Money for coordination to leave Canada to avoid deportation, and a decision is Ukrainian community arguments rebutted expected in the Vitols case. The joint press statement indicates that the increased However, the report deals squarely with a contention, funding will “allow the government to set up a formal More numbers and lists articulated by the Ukrainian Canadian Congress and the coordination process to ensure that all partners, whether Ukrainian Canadian Civil Liberties Association, that the dealing with intelligence-gathering, prosecution or An enduring feature of the war crimes debate has use of civil proceedings is highly inappropriate. On page deportations, are working more closely together than has been the question of the varying numbers of individuals 8, the report’s framers state flatly that “the laws govern- been possible in the past.” suspected of war crimes who are said to be in Canada at ing revocation of citizenship and deportation provide According to the joint report, Canada’s war crimes any one time. In the introduction to its report the CIC is program draws upon the work of three investigative said to have identified 440 such persons “since the appropriate procedures and sanctions.” agencies. The Department of Justice, Citizenship and 1990s,” and under the CIC’s mandate section of the Further, they contend that “no principle of law or fair- Immigration Canada, and the Royal Canadian Mounted report the claim is made that “currently, there are close ness requires the government to use criminal against an Police all have their own separate subdivisions that to 320 suspects in Canada identified for examination individual in situations where other laws, procedures deal with war crimes; they have operated autonomous- and enforcement action where warranted.” and remedies could also be invoked.” ly yet in loose cooperation. According to the DOJ portion of the report, “the [War The report mentions that in the Tobiass case in 1997 a The RCMP’s War Crimes and Special Investigations Crimes] Section’s current workload consists of approxi- Federal Court judge “rejected the respondent’s argument Unit was “established in 1985 to assist the Dêschenes mately 90 active files. In addition, initial checks are that [civil denaturalization proceedings] are a disguised Commission of Inquiry and continues to conduct being undertaken on approximately 126 files.” means of mounting a war crimes prosecution. investigations of all suspected perpetrators of war These are drawn from the section’s “Inventory of A copy of the report may be obtained by contacting crimes and crimes against humanity.” Suspects,” based on the Dêschenes Commission’s three either the Department of Justice by phoning (613) 957- The DOJ’s War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity lists of suspects: “a master list of 774 names, an adden- 4222, or Citizenship and Immigration Canada, (613) 954- Section was established in 1987, while the CIC’s War dum of 38 names and a list of 71 German scientists and 9019; or by visiting either ministry’s website. The address Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity Unit was formed technicians.” of the CIC website is http://cicnet.ci.gc.ca; the DOJ site’s in its Case Management Branch in April 1996. “Justice Dêschenes also identified 29 files from the address is http://canada.justice.gc.ca/News/index_en.html. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31 Seminars focus on integrating Ukraine’s Constitutional Court into civil society

by Victor Lychyk WASHINGTON – The U.S.-Ukraine Foundation and the Pylyp Orlyk Institute for Democracy recently held three seminars in Ukraine as part of a program titled “Integrating the Constitutional Court into Ukraine’s Civil Society.” The program seeks to enhance public understanding of Ukraine’s Constitution and the Constitutional Court by holding seminars with the par- ticipation of legal experts from Ukraine and the U.S. The Constitutional Court On May 22, a seminar was held in the town of Yaremche, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, that focused on the relationship between the Constitutional Court and other governmental institutions, national and local. Constitutional Court Justice Volodymyr Shapoval spoke on general problems of establishing constitutional jurisdiction while Justice Mykola Korniyenko discussed how the interests of local government may be protected by the Constitutional Court. Judge Bohdan Futey of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims contrasted the U.S. and Ukrainian judicial sys- tems. He noted that the U.S. has a unified federal court system with the Supreme Court acting as the final arbiter of law including issues regarding the Constitution. In Ukraine, as in many other European countries, the judicial system is divided into courts of general jurisdiction and a Constitutional Court. In Ukraine, the Supreme Court is the highest court of gen- eral jurisdiction. Only the Constitutional Court, howev- er, can rule on the constitutionality of laws or issue interpretations of the Constitution. At a seminar in Yaremche (from left) are: Constitutional Court Judge Mykola Kornienko, Judge Bohdan Attorney Stephen Nix discussed the relationship Futey, attorney Stephen Nix and Constitutional Court Judge Mykhailo Kostytskyi. between the Supreme Court and the other branches of The Constitutional Court and human rights tions of the U.S. and Ukraine in terms of the rights government in the United States by using the issue of they contain. executive privilege as a case study. The final seminar of the series, “The Role of the Judge Charles Wolle, chief judge of the United States The teaching and study of Constitutional Law Constitutional Court in Protecting Human Rights in District Court for the Southern District of Iowa, spoke Ukraine,” was held in Kyiv on June 26 in the about the right to due process – that no person may “be A seminar on “Advancing Scholarly Research and Constitutional Court’s Press Center. deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process Improving the Teaching of Constitutional Law” was Constitutional Court Judge Mykhailo Kostytskyi of law” – which is at the core of the American held in Kharkiv on June 19 at Yaroslav the Wise noted the salient role of human rights in Ukraine’s Constitution and the judicial process. He noted that National Law Academy of Ukraine. Constitution and discussed how human rights cases are while the meaning of due process has been debated, it is Rector Vasyl Tatsiy noted that the academy has an handled in Ukraine’s court system today. generally meant to ensure that everyone has the right to enrollment of about 14,000 students. The topic of the National Deputy Oleksander Barabash, the first go to court to defend their rights, to receive a fair hear- seminar, he said, has great value since it addresses both Ukrainian citizen to petition the Constitutional Court for ing and trial before a decision is made, and to receive a teaching and research issues, and is taking place with an interpretation described the procedure that he went fair and just ruling from an impartial and independent the active participation of colleagues from the U.S. through in order to bring a case before this judicial court. Justice Shapoval noted that while the fields of civil body. Judge Suzanne Conlon of the U.S. District Court for and criminal law have been clearly defined, the field of Citing the court’s ruling in favor of Mr. Barabash, the Northern District of Illinois called the Bill of Rights constitutional law is still being debated. National Deputy Viktor Shyshkin, who helped write the a “contract for freedom.” By discussing individual Prof. Gordon Hylton of Marquette University Law Law on the Constitutional Court, stated that the amendments, she illustrated how the interpretation of School pointed to conflicting provisions in the “Constitutional Court has become a staunch and inde- these rights has resulted in differences of opinion, public Constitution regarding the question of who has ultimate pendent defender of human rights.” debate and substantial litigation. authority within the executive branch. The Constitution Judge Futey examined the origins and development The dean of the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla declares that the president is the head of state, but of the individual rights question in the U.S. He noted Academy Law School, Volodymyr Suschenko, dis- makes no mention of him being the head of the execu- that the U.S. Constitution of 1787 did not contain spe- cussed various aspects of this institution’s program in tive branch. The supreme body of the executive branch cific guarantees of individual rights. In order to reme- legal education. is the Cabinet of Ministers. The Constitution also states dy this controversial omission, the first 10 amend- For more information contact the U.S.-Ukraine that the Cabinet of Ministers is responsible to the presi- ments to the Constitution, or Bill of Rights, were Foundation at: telephone, (202) 347-4264; fax, (202) 347- dent and that its activity is governed not only by the adopted in 1791. Judge Futey compared the constitu- 4267; or visit the USUF website at www.usukraine.org. Constitution and laws of Ukraine, but also by presiden- tial acts. Furthermore, Article 106 gives the president the right to annull acts of the Cabinet of Ministers. Chief Judge Loren Smith of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims enumerated the qualities of good consti- Ukrainian Free University holds annual opening ceremonies tutional lawyers and explained that the ideology of the MUNICH – The Ukrainian Free University (UFU) lyzed the contemporary political and economic situa- United States is embodied in the U.S. Constitution. in Munich held its annual opening ceremonies on tion in Ukraine from that perspective. Judge Smith also recalled what James Madison said July 12 with Prof. Miroslav Labunka, rector, wel- Prof. Kaminskyj pointed to the lack of a coherent about the courts being the “least dangerous branch” of coming colleagues, students and guests, and empha- policy on the part of the Ukrainian government with government because they have neither the power of the sizing the achievements of the university in the last regard to economics and education, and stated that sword nor the power of the purse. The power of the 77 years. the motto “economics first,” which is frequently courts, Judge Smith said, stems from the public and its He noted an irony: “The difficulties and crises that cited by various Ukrainian leaders, is at best mis- support, essential if the judiciary is to succeed. the university encountered in the past were the result leading. Attorney Robert Liechty, director of the American of the lack of statehood of the Ukrainian people. The Even today, he said, there are no definitive, radical Bar Association’s Central and East European Law present critical situation of the university results systemic and structural reforms and no concrete Initiative in Kyiv, pointed out that since only the from the existence of an independent Ukrainian plans and projections, which are necessary to over- Constitutional Court can rule on the constitutionality of state.” come the current economic crisis. The unchecked, laws, its decisions will form the basis of constitutional “With the arrival of independence, foreign sources chaotic development of the Ukrainian economy did law in Ukraine. He also stated that the real audience for believe that they no longer have the duty to contribute not pave the way for the infrastructure needed for a the Constitutional Court’s decisions is the average toward the education and development of Ukrainian modern market economy, but rather led to the forma- Ukrainian, whom the court can reach through the intelligentsia, and Ukraine on the other hand, does not tion of savage capitalism, mass corruption and crimi- media. The highest duty of the judges on the seem to understand the cultural and scholarly signifi- nal entities. Constitutional Court, therefore, is using their decisions cance of a Ukrainian Free University beyond its bor- Sound policy is lacking in the area of education as a means of teaching the rule of law in Ukraine. ders,” he observed. and this is leading to the disintegration of education- Other presentations focused on the constitutional The keynote address of the evening was delivered al and intellectual life in Ukraine, as evidenced by bases of the election system and local self-government, by Prof. Anatol Kaminskyj, dean of the faculty of law the “brain drain” since independence. What Ukraine approaches to the study of constitutional law and its and social-economic sciences. Leading with a quote needs today is cadres of university-educated young relationship to other branches of law and the role of the from the 16th century English philosopher Francis Verkhovna Rada’s human rights representative or Bacon, “knowledge is power,” Prof. Kaminskyj ana- (Continued on page 15) ombudsman. No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 5 THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORUM UNA Seniors Association convenes 24th conference at Soyuzivka

by Anne Chopek KERHONKSON, N.Y. – The 24th Conference of UNA Seniors was held at Soyuzivka on June 14-19 with all the programs proceeding as planned, despite torrential rains throughout the week. A welcoming wine and cheese party was held along with registration in the lobby of the Main House. The Soyuzivka management transformed the lobby into a beautiful lounge; dancing, music and socializing made for a pleasant evening. On Monday morning, members partic- ipated in a liturgy and panakhyda (requiem service) in memory of deceased UNA Seniors at Holy Trinity Ukrainian Catholic Church. The conference was opened by President Anna Chopek. Attendees sang the American and Ukrainian anthems, led by Eugene Moroz, and “The Pledge Omelan Jurchynskyj of Allegiance” was recited. The business session of the UNA Seniors Conference Participants of the 24th conference of UNA Seniors at Soyuzivka. was then called to order. who work there. Arrangements for the Dr. Chopek was elected conference $3,900 – which was divided between the The principal speaker at the banquet chairman, Olga Liteplo as English-lan- bus trip were made by Anna Slobodian Children of Chornobyl Relief Fund and was Oksana Trytjak, special projects guage secretary and Dr. Jurij Swyschuk as and UNA Advisor Stefania Hawryluk. the Ukrainian National Women’s League coordinator at the UNA Home Office. Ukrainian-language secretary. The follow- Back at Soyuzivka, the annual review of America Babusia Fund. An additional Sending teachers to Ukraine to teach ing committees were appointed: Donations of current events in Ukraine, as well as $595 was sent to the Chornobyl Memorial English is one of her very successful – Eugene Woloshyn, Irene Russnak and of the recent elections there, was given Forest program. projects. Teachers pay for their own Mary Bobeczko; Nominating – Helen by Dr. Baranowskyj in Ukrainian, while This year, as usual, Messrs. Woloshyn transportation; the UNA makes arrange- Trenkler, chairman: Controllers, Estelle Dr. Roman Procyk of the Harvard and Moroz auctioned off the articles ments with local officials to provide Woloshyn, Olga Shatynsky and John Ukrainian Research Institute, comment- brought by the seniors, and Nellie board and room; the UNA provides the Lapic; Verification – Olga Paproski. ed in English. The latter also provided an Yavarrow and Marie Prucknicki conduct- necessary teaching materials. Her talk A moment of silence was held in overview of current projects of the ed a raffle of items contributed by indi- was punctuated by tales of the experi- memory of deceased UNA seniors, Ukrainian studies chairs at Harvard and viduals – all of which raised $1,000. The ences of volunteer teachers, and it including Mary Bednarczyk, a UNA noted how contributions can be made to donations committee recommended that inspired some members to express a branch secretary, a member of the specific projects. this sum be sent to the UNA’s foundation desire to become English teachers in Elections Committee at various conven- Probate Court Judge Chopek gave a earmarked for Soyuzivka projects. After Ukraine. tions, and a longtime member of the talk on ways available to dispose of all, Soyuzivka is the seat of the UNA’s Mr. Woloshyn, honorary president of UNA Seniors Association. property after death: wills, trusts, bank fraternal and cultural activities; at present the UNA Seniors Association and chair- Minutes of the 1997 Seniors Conference, accounts (jointly owned and payable on it is in need of financial help to carry out man of the Committee on Donations, made as read by Mrs. Liteplo and Dr. Swyschuk, death) and stocks (jointly owned and these activities. a ceremonial presentation of a $1,000 were accepted. transferable on death). She also advised A cocktail party and banquet, as only check payable to the Ukrainian National Reports were given by Dr. Chopek, pres- what records should be kept to help John A. Flis, Soyuzivka manager, and his Foundation to President Ulana Diachuk. ident; Ms. Paproski, treasurer; and Sam spouses, children, executors (now called staff can prepare, ended the UNA Seniors He expressed hope that other organizations Liteplo, vice-president; Alice Orlan, vice- personal representatives) and trustees in Conference. Seniors came dressed in tra- will follow this example. President president, was not present to give a report; settling estates. She answered many ditional Ukrainian blouses and shirts, and Diachuk thanked the seniors for their gen- however, it was reported that she had been questions from seniors, who found the pictures were taken by their own photog- erous contribution and wished them well. active in preparing the program. talk to be instructive and helpful. rapher, Omelan Jurchynskyj. The bless- Dancing followed the formal part of the Reports were also given by regional The conference participants took a ing of the food was given by the Rev. banquet, which ended with a prayer. representatives: Connecticut – Mrs. closer look at the beautiful art works in Szuter, pastor of Holy Trinity Ukrainian On Friday morning, the sun was shin- Paproski; New Jersey – Maria Mandzij; the Veselka pavilion by the famous Catholic Church in Kerhonkson, N.Y.; ing brightly as the seniors were leaving a Rochester, N.Y. – Mrs. Russnak; New Ukrainian painter Edward Kozak. Mrs. members of St. Andrew’s Ukrainian rainy week at Soyuzivka. They said their York City – Mrs. Liteplo; Massachusetts Russnak spoke of the meaning of each Orthodox Church in Boston, directed by good-byes, while looking forward to – Anne Remick; Ohio – Mrs. Bobeczko; painting as her audience looked at the Mr. Moroz, sang the “Otche Nash.” next year when the UNA Seniors Kerhonkson, N.Y. – Dr. Stefania young Hutsuls, the weaving, the sheep, Taped music throughout the evening Association will celebrate its 25th Baranowskyj; Pennsylvania – Mr. Lapic. the trembita, the fires and the escape to was provided by Yuri Trenkler. anniversary. Controllers reported that the treasur- America depicted in the murals. Her talk er’s books were in order and a vote of gave the audience a new appreciation for confidence was passed. The Verification this outstanding art work that has long committee reported on conference regis- adorned the Soyuzivka auditorium. Not tration. only was Kozak a painter, but he was The Nominating Committee proposed also a humorist. Dr. Baranowskyj read re-electing the current slate of officers excerpts from his writings with great fer- for 1998-1999. The officers were elected vor. It was an enjoyable presentation. unanimously. Bingo night was well-attended and Honorary Past Presidents Stefan enjoyed by all. It was very efficiently Kuropas and Mr. Woloshyn continue to conducted by Nicholas and Mary be members of the executive board. Dr. Bobeczko, Mr. Liteplo, and John and Chopek was elected English publicity Helen Laba. chairman, while Dr. Roman Baranowskyj The weather cleared enough to make Ukrainian publicity chairman. it possible to have square dancing on the The highlight of the week was a trip to Veselka deck. While the senior dancers the UNA Home Office in Parsippany, may never win prizes for their dancing N.J. The seniors were cordially wel- skills, they, as well as the non-dancers comed by President Ulana Diachuk, as had an enjoyable evening. well as by National Secretary Martha There was time for seniors to indulge Lysko and Treasurer Stefan Kaczaraj. All in a favorite activity: singing old had an opportunity to meet with Roma Ukrainian folk songs, as Mrs. Liteplo Hadzewycz, editor-in-chief of The and Mr. Moroz furnished the music and Ukrainian Weekly, and her staff, with the the words, and led the singing. staff of Svoboda and various employees Over the last 24 years the UNA Seniors of the UNA. Lunch, provided by Association has raised a great deal of Soyuzivka, was served in the large lunch money for Ukrainian charities by holding On behalf of the seniors, Gene Woloshyn presents a $1,000 check payable to the room. All were impressed with the new auctions and raffles. For example, during Ukrainian National Foundation and earmarked for Soyuzivka to UNA President building and with the dedication of all the years 1995-1997, they raised a total of Ulana Diachuk. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

DISCUSSION PAPER THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Gore in Ukraine The Ukrainian Canadian community

U.S. Vice-President Al Gore traveled to Ukraine on July 22-23 to reaffirm and on the eve of the new millennium expand strategic relations between the two countries. The vice-president spent the first day co-chairing the Kuchma-Gore Commission plenary session with Ukraine’s by John Boyd songs and folk dances. In many localities, orchestras, choirs President Leonid Kuchma. On the second day the ecologically minded vice-president CONCLUSION flew to Chornobyl in a NATO helicopter to observe first-hand the situation at the site and folk dance groups already exist but of the world’s worst nuclear disaster. The organization’s objectives the creation of more of them should be Mr. Gore came to Ukraine to discuss numerous issues of concern to both the U.S. encouraged. Wherever possible, howev- What could the objectives of this new and Ukraine, but it seems that he came also to give himself a foreign policy face, one er, members of these groups, especially organization be? Four basic ones come to he needs to nurture if he wishes to seek the U.S. presidency in the year 2000. of choirs, should be encouraged to study mind: His speech at the Chornobyl Museum in Kyiv after his on-site visit to the nuclear Ukrainian, either within their own • To encourage the study of the facility was labeled by U.S. Information Service representatives as a “major foreign groups or by joining existing Ukrainian Ukrainian language, literature and history. policy address.” It turned out to be more of a sermon sprinkled with biblical quotes on language study groups. A better knowl- Even though the language the mem- Mr. Gore’s foreign policy vision of a world “connected” by high technology and inter- edge of the Ukrainian language, culture bers of such an organization will be woven economies. The speech held few, if any, new policy declarations either in terms and history would give more meaning to using is English, an important – one of the world or Ukraine. and greatly enhance the quality of their could even say an essential – prerequisite Nonetheless, it focused attention on the continuing diaster that is Chornobyl. And, it performances. for any fundamental study of Ukrainian included a reference to the Great Famine of 1932-1933, which, he said, is an example • To study the contribution the culture and history is a knowledge of the of the “cruelty of communism.” Ukrainian Canadian community has Ukrainian language. President Kuchma, who is seeking re-election in late 1999, also used the Gore visit made to Canada, especially to Canadian Without the ability to understand, to pursue his own political interests, which are closely tied to the interests of Ukraine. culture during the more than 100 years speak and read Ukrainian how can one Mr. Kuchma realizes that to get re-elected he needs to get the economy on its feet. since the first Ukrainian immigrants get to know the richness of the works of came to this country. Today Ukraine stands at the brink of economic and financial disaster, which can per- Taras Shevchenko, Ivan Franko and haps be averted, if only temporarily, by a multi-billion-dollar loan from the Ukrainians in Canada have a rich his- other Ukrainian writers? How can one tory. Their trials and sacrifices, their International Monetary Fund. get to know the extraordinary and unique If Ukraine doesn’t receive the Extended Fund Facility, as the loan is called, which it activities and achievements, both in their beauty of the Ukrainian language, the organizations and individually, should has been discussing with the international financial organization for several months content of thousands of Ukrainian songs, not be lost forever in the archives. Their now, inflation is sure to be re-ignited as Ukraine’s financial structure collapses under the countless Ukrainian folk tales and story should be passed on fully and the weight of outstanding international loans and Ukrainian treasury notes it will not folk sayings? objectively to the coming generations. be able to repay. Yes, one can get some idea of the con- But this won’t be done unless there is an Thus, Mr. Kuchma used the Gore visit to put pressure on the IMF to approve the tent of these from translations, which organization that will undertake to do it. EFF by having the vice-president extol the positive steps that the Kuchma administra- regrettably are very limited in number, • To maintain ties with Ukraine, espe- tion has taken in recent weeks to re-invigorate economic reform and put Ukraine’s but even the best translations cannot con- cially its cultural institutions. financial house in order. vey the full beauty and impact of the This is important because one cannot So what are we to make of all this? Not much really. It is common practice for originals, even as the best translations of really preserve and nurture Ukrainian politicians to seek political support and political opportunity wherever they can find it. Shakespeare’s works in any language culture without being in constant touch If Mr. Gore needed Ukraine as a stage on which to display his foreign policy acumen, cannot convey their uniqueness. with its source. so be it. If it takes a U.S. vice-president expressing support for the policies of a What future is there for choirs singing Relatively few Ukrainian Canadians Ukrainian president to get Ukraine the financial aid that it cannot do without at this Ukrainian songs in Canada if their mem- today, are interested in what is going on point in its history, that’s OK, too. The EFF that Ukraine awaits will come with strict bers do not know how to pronounce the in Ukraine, and even these are largely economic reform requirements to which the country will have to adhere. For Ukraine words or what they mean? among the more recent immigrants. that is needed discipline. Actually, with the right approach, Regrettably, most of the younger people, Although discussion during the Kuchma-Gore Commission sessions also revolved learning the language can be a challenge especially those in their 20s and 30s, are around concrete issues such as economic cooperation in space, energy and agriculture, and fun. The organization could estab- interested only peripherally, if at all. For and resulted in the signing of three agreements, including one on textile trade, this all lish Ukrainian language classes, prepare them, Ukraine is just another foreign could have been done in committee meetings, without the presence of Vice-President correspondence courses, audio casettes country or, at best, a distant land from Gore or President Kuchma. However, by chairing the plenary session, the two leaders and CD-ROMs to help those who want which their ancestors came. Those few achieved significant results. Mr. Gore’s visit to Chornobyl and the resulting declara- to study the language, publish and pro- young people who have learned the lan- tion by President Kuchma that there is agreement on a second donors’ conference to mote textbooks on Ukrainian grammar guage, however, are more likely to be raise more money for the rebuilding of the concrete sarcophagus that encases the dam- and conversational Ukrainian, initiate interested, to a greater or lesser degree, aged fourth reactor at Chornobyl – this time from private organizations and benefac- special studies of Shevchenko and other in what is happening in Ukraine. tors – will certainly help Ukraine. poets, etc. Maintaining contact with Ukraine will What is most important, however, is that by virtue of their meeting the two leaders There always have been and will be depend a great deal also on what the have drawn the U.S. and Ukraine closer in their “strategic relationship.” The Gore trip young Canadians of Ukrainian origin government of Ukraine and its various shows that U.S.-Ukrainian relations are on track and continuing to expand. who are interested in learning the institutions do to make this possible. To Although some politicians in Ukraine, with their eyes still cast towards Moscow, Ukrainian language. With some it may date, preoccupied as they are with estab- may look askance at this, we as Ukrainian Americans ought to feel quite positive be that they were inspired by their par- lishing a stable economy and a viable about Vice-President Gore’s visit to Ukraine. For us, a strong relationship Ukraine and ents or grandparents or by some experi- new independent state, Ukraine’s leaders the United States cannot be a bad thing. In this case, politics makes good bedfellows. ence in their lives. Some, as they grow have not been able to give as much atten- up and begin thinking of a career, may be tion to Ukrainians living abroad as they interested in doing business with enter- might. We can only hope this situation prises in Ukraine, or establishing ties will improve. August with its scientific, technological, cultural In this respect, it would be interesting Turning the pages back... or government institutions. Either would to know: What will be the policy of the Turning the pages back... require at least some knowledge of the Ukrainian government in the coming 5 language. century towards those young Canadians • To study the cultural heritage of the whose parents, grandparents or great- Ukrainian people, especially their music, grandparents came from Ukraine 30, 50 1899 Borys Antonenko-Davydovych was born Borys Davydov on and 100 years ago? To what extent will it August 5, 1899, in Romen, a town in northeastern Ukraine half- assist them in learning about and pre- John Boyd, formerly Boychuk, is a resi- way between Kyiv and Kharkiv, to the family of a railroad engi- serving their Ukrainian heritage; in pub- dent of Toronto. In his earlier years, he was lishing textbooks, dictionaries and other neer, Dmytro Davydov. a Communist and an active member in His studies at Kharkiv University in the natural sciences were interrupted by the media that will enable them to study the Ukrainian pro-Communist organizations – Ukrainian language; in providing schol- Russian Revolution, but he resumed them at the Kyiv Institute of People’s Education most of those years as an editor. (graduating in 1923), where he was taught philology by the great literary scholar and arships to those who want to study the He left the Communist Party in 1968, language, literature and history of their Neoclassicist writer Mykola Zerov. immediately after the Soviet armed forces The young Davydov joined the autonomist Ukrainian Communist Party and served as ancestors; in enabling potential com- invaded Czecho-Slovakia, where he lived posers, musicians, choreographers or secretary of its Kyiv oblast executive committee, but soon gauged the repressive winds briefly at the time as a correspondent. A blowing from Moscow and quit its ranks to become a non-party journalist and writer. writers to study the culture of Ukraine; in few years later, in the early 1970s, he encouraging student exchange programs? In 1923 he joined the editorial board of Hlobus, a popular illustrated semimonthly sup- became persona non grata with the leaders plement to the newspaper Bilshovyk and (from 1925) Proletarska Pravda. In this position, The answers to these questions will have of left-wing Ukrainian organizations for much to do with how successful he nurtured the talent of one of the outstanding lights of the Fusilladed Renaissance critical remarks he made about them. (Rozstriliane Vidrodzhennia), Yurii Yanovskyi. Ukrainians in Canada will be in their Now, at age 85, he is very concerned efforts to preserve their heritage for the The following year, together with the greatest prose writer of the period, Valerian that young people of Ukrainian origin are Pidmohylnyi, Antonenko-Davydovych (he’d adopted that pseudonym by then) founded future generations. losing touch with their cultural heritage. Whatever form such an organization the literary group Lanka (known as MARS from 1926), an ensemble united by a desire to That prompted him to produce this paper, in (Continued on page 16) the hope that it will stimulate discussion. (Continued on page 18) No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 7

NEWS AND VIEWS In defense of HURI PERSPECTIVES BY ANDREW FEDYNSKY by Lubomyr Hajda looked by Dr. Kuropas in his search for more exotic material.) A spin-off from Dr. Myron Kuropas is a distinguished this event was the subsequent yearlong community leader and a tireless defender residence at Harvard of Ukraine’s first of Ukraine, Ukrainians and the Ukrainian minister of defense, Gen. Kostiantyn American community against every slight History’s undercurrents: the famine Morozov, whose public presentations and The man-made Famine of 1932-1933 in being tossed into the high trucks like sacks or slander. His column in The Ukrainian private meetings in Cambridge and Ukraine may be receding into the ever more of wheat. Right there and then I was deter- Weekly often takes stands on controver- Washington were of great significance for distant past, but 65 years after, its legacy mined to make a complete break with the sial issues where others fear to tread. At Ukraine. (Gen. Morozov also worked on remains. It’s one of those cataclysms that Stalin gang and return to the capitalist times, however, his passions – and occa- his soon-to-be-published memoirs, an launched massive undercurrents with pro- world.” sionally prejudices – carry him away, to extremely important source for the histo- found historical impact. Tragically, it’s also No one knows for sure how many people the detriment of the very causes he seeks ry of Ukrainian independence that will be an event of cosmic magnitude that barely were murdered during that horrible year. As to defend. Such is the case with his piece of great interest to the general public.) registered on world consciousness when it Nikita Khrushchev put it, “No one was “The ‘grunts’ will carry us” (July 12). In April 1996 the HURI sponsored a occurred and is scarcely remembered today. keeping count.” Robert Conquest, the great In this polemic, Dr. Kuropas directs symposium on the 10th anniversary of the Here’s what happened: In April 1929, historian of the Famine, estimates 7 million gratuitous, unsubstantiated and unfair Chornobyl disaster. Then, in connection Joseph Stalin ordered the first Five-Year victims. charges against the Ukrainian Research with Ukraine’s fifth anniversary of inde- Plan, in which he decreed that Soviet agri- Astonishingly, the press, particularly in Institute at Harvard, its faculty and asso- pendence, in December 1996, in coopera- culture be collectivized by the end of 1933. Britain and the United States, failed to ciates, and the programs it conducts. The tion with the Embassy of Ukraine, the For individual farmers that meant turning report the story. No one was more remiss effect is to sow confusion and disillusion- HURI organized an international confer- their land and livestock over to the state and than Walter Duranty, The New York Times ment among many readers, who are enti- ence in Washington devoted to Ukrainian becoming workers on giant collective correspondent to the Soviet Union. In tled to know the whole truth about the foreign relations and security. With farms. Not surprisingly, there was wide- November 1932, when many people includ- institution their generosity helped create. ambassadors and other high-ranking spread resistance, particularly in Ukraine. ing those from the Ukrainian American There are three main charges that Dr. diplomats from a dozen countries in The official press – in the Soviet Union community were spreading the alarm about Kuropas levels at the institute. Let us attendance, and Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski there was no other kind – began denounc- the devastation in Ukraine, he assured his examine them one by one. as keynote speaker, The Ukrainian ing reluctant landowners as “class ene- readers that “there is no famine or actual The first is that the academics at the Weekly termed the conference “”perhaps mies,” “rich kulaks exploiting the masses.” starvation, nor is there likely to be.” In HURI “live in their own little world” and the most high-powered cast assembled That set the stage for Stalin’s decree at the August 1933, after millions had already engage in work “for the benefit of a hand- during the year” (December 29, 1996). end of December 1929 to “liquidate the died, he wrote that “any report of a famine ful of other academics.” In fact, the HURI The proceedings, with additional materi- kulaks as a class.” In Ukraine, primarily a in Russia is today an exaggeration or malig- conducts activities far beyond the publi- al, are to be published in the forthcoming peasant society, that was just about every- nant propaganda.” cation of the “esoteric” articles Dr. volume of the much-maligned (by Dr. body. The Russian heartland, with its age- The closest Duranty came to acknowl- Kuropas arbitrarily cites. Here are only a Kuropas) Harvard Ukrainian Studies, as old tradition of the “mir” or commune, had edging Stalin’s genocidal policy was in a few recent examples. The institute has well as separately. The HURI’s commem- few independent farmers and therefore few dispatch from March 30, 1933, when he hosted several delegations of officials oration of Ukraine’s independence con- “kulaks,” as Stalin defined them. wrote, “There is no actual starvation or from the U.S. departments of State and cluded with a three-day symposium on As voluntary collectivization stalled, Defense for briefings on current deaths from starvation, but there is wide- domestic issues in July 1997. Again, all Stalin turned up the heat with arrests, evic- spread mortality from diseases due to mal- Ukrainian affairs. Most recently, the these programs were funded through out- tions and confiscations until finally in 1932 nutrition.” As far as Duranty was concerned newly appointed U.S. ambassador to side grants, including support from the he unleashed an army of Communist Party that was okay because, “To put it brutally – Ukraine, Steven Pifer, spent an entire day U.S. government and private foundations. activists who laid siege to thousands of you can’t make an omelet without breaking in consultations organized for him by the In short, this is hardly the record of an Ukrainian villages, raiding homes, taking eggs.” HURI scholars before assuming his post institution lost in the mists of esoterica every grain of wheat, every scrap of food Walter Duranty won the Pulitzer Prize in Kyiv. Scholars from the HURI have that Dr. Kuropas unfortunately presents to they could find. for his series of dispatches from Russia, been invited to Washington to testify at The Weekly’s readers. Like many Ukrainian Americans, I’ve “especially the working out of the Five- hearings or participate in policy debates The second charge made by Dr. always seemed to have known about the Year Plan.” at various government agencies. The Kuropas is that Harvard academics live Famine. I’m Catholic, but from time to time Did Duranty know better? He sure did. institute has close working relations with “blissfully oblivious to the rest of us” – I would go to Holy Trinity Ukrainian In “The Harvest of Sorrow,” Dr. Conquest the Embassy of Ukraine as well. These that is, the Ukrainian American commu- Orthodox Church in Cleveland, where I cites a September 30, 1933, dispatch from are matters not usually publicized, but nity. This is an especially unjust and hurt- heard some memorable sermons delivered they are not secret either. A simple tele- ful accusation. The HURI has always felt the British chargé d’affaires to Moscow: by the Rev. Kovalenko about what he had “Mr. Duranty thinks it quite possible that as phone call to the HURI would have pro- its debt to, and therefore obligation to lived through as a boy in Poltava during the duced this information. assist, the community that has so gener- many as 10 million people may have died Famine. My hair would stand on end. I directly or indirectly from lack of food in The institute has developed several ously supported it. Dr. Kuropas may be remember the passion and pain in the Rev. programs not only for academics, but forgiven, perhaps, if he is unaware of the the Soviet Union during the past year.” Kovalenko’s face, his sermon ending with a Others reported a similar disconnect practitioners – government officials, busi- hundreds of hours that institute staff, warning about the consequences of Godless nessmen and others. One such program especially its librarian, spend in research- between what Duranty knew and what he atheism. reported. has been an intensive, weeklong Summer ing and answering inquiries from across I no longer recall the words themselves, Seminar on contemporary Ukraine that the nation and abroad – from high school So why did he do it? His book from so instead let me quote Lev Kopelev’s 1937, “I Write As I Please,” offers a clue: dozens of participants have attended. students writing term papers, through anguished confession: “In the terrible spring Another is a Mid-Career Training third-generation Americans seeking to “Am I wrong in believing that Stalin is the of 1933, I saw people dying from hunger, I greatest living statesman?” Mass murderers Program that has allowed professionals to discover their roots, to senior citizens saw women and children with distended anxious to learn what is transpiring in can’t be statesmen, so Duranty decided spend several months or a year at the bellies, turning blue, still breathing but with their native region. Or how frequently there could be no Famine. institute to deepen their knowledge of vacant lifeless eyes. And corpses – corpses these “ivory-tower” academics are called As far as I know, the Pulitzer Prize Ukraine. Participants have included jour- in ragged sheepskin coats and cheap felt upon by local communities to provide Committee has never moved to revoke nalists and officers of the U.S. Army; this boots; corpses in peasant huts, in the melt- speakers for the Shevchenko “akademiyi” Duranty’s prize and The New York Times year the institute will host a desk officer ing snow of the old Vologda, under the and independence celebrations, or to has never publicly repudiated it or offered from the Department of State. Three bridges of Kharkiv. ...” Kopelev was one of address, for instance, the Massachusetts to return it. members of HURI serve on the steering those, to quote his own words, who went legislature at commemorations of the The Western press is not the only institu- committee of the Harvard Kennedy “scouring the countryside, searching for Ukrainian famine-genocide of 1932. Or tion that denied the existence of the Famine. School’s Ukrainian Security Program that hidden grain, testing the earth with an iron how often the HURI makes its premises So did the Soviet Union – obviously. For has already brought 30 military officers rod for loose spots that might lead to buried available for community organizations, more than half a century, any mention of the and senior government officials from grain. With the others, I emptied out the old from Plast to the Children of Chornobyl Famine was punished with a long prison sen- Ukraine to Harvard for executive training folks’ storage chests, stopping my ears to committee, or uses its auspices to obtain tence. Today in Ukraine, people know about and will continue for some years. All the children’s crying and the women’s access to Harvard facilities for cultural the Famine, but it is largely a repressed these programs have been funded by par- wails.” programs, such as the Bandura Choir memory. This affects the national psyche, ticipant fees or outside grants. Fred Beal, an American Communist concert, saving the community thousands permitting Communists to run for office Not least in importance are the confer- whose idealism brought him to work at the of dollars in rental fees. without shame or remorse. Unfortunately, ences organized by the HURI on contem- Kharkiv Tractor Plant in 1933, was a wit- However, Dr. Kuropas should know their influence on Ukraine’s economy is porary themes. In 1994 the institute held ness, not a participant. “I watched on the a conference on “The Military Tradition about the almost 30 years of the Harvard enormous, since the Communist Party con- Ukrainian Summer Institute and the almost sidelines,” he wrote, “ashamed of being a stitutes the core of a parliamentary coalition in Ukrainian History” that was attended party to the system that was murdering by officials and policy-makers from 2,000 students, most of them young mem- that blocks legislation to dismantle the state- bers of the Ukrainian American communi- these innocent people ... I had never run farms, the Famine’s malignant legacy. Washington and Kyiv. (The proceedings dreamed that Communists could stoop so have been published, but apparently over- ty, who have benefited from its programs – These bloated, bureaucratic structures pro- often at greatly reduced tuition rates. low as to round up hungry people, load vide the apparatchiks who run them with Perhaps he may also remember the special them upon trucks or trains, and ship them to political patronage and allow them to divert Lubomyr Hajda is associate director of two-part series “Five Years of Independent some wasteland in order that they might die agricultural resources to their own purposes. the Ukrainian Research Institute and edi- there. Yet it was a regular practice. I was tor of Harvard Ukrainian Studies. (Continued on page 14) witnessing myself how human beings were (Continued on page 14) 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

I wholeheartedly agree with Dr. getting a visa is a snap. Kuropas that it is the “grunts” who carry More troubling is a new practice start- Professionals the community, but those grunts include Kuropas column ed by some Caribbean countries to sell members of professional groups who vol- “economic citizenships.” For $25,000 to are grunts, too unteer their time, effort and often finan- hits the mark Dear Editor: Dear Editor: $50,000, Dominica and St. Kitts will be cial resources for the benefit of those happy to sell you their citizenship. In his July 12 column, Myron Kuropas groups. Dr. Myron Kuropas in his “Faces and Dominica is even kind enough to let you divides the community into three tiers, or Another point: A minority of members Places” of July 12 hits the mark once change your name on the Dominican sub-groups: the academics, the business of professional groups are not involved in again. Our communities must face reality passport they will issue to you. and professional people, and the so-called any other Ukrainian American communi- and find solutions as to how we will exist As one IRS official said: “If you’re a “grunts,” or community activists. While ty entity and, if it wasn’t for their mem- in the 21st century. Russian crook, you get a condo in this division is somewhat artificial, his bership in a Ps and Bs group, probably The University of Illinois has done an Miami, a bent bank in the Caribbean, and point on greater interaction within the wouldn’t be involved anywhere. The outstanding job in providing critical you’re in heaven.” community is well taken. Indeed, confer- same holds true, by the way, for many information to the communities through Bohdan Hodiak ences put on by professional groups, such members of Ukrainian churches or frater- the yearly conferences held in Urbana, as The Washington Group (TWG) nals. Nevertheless, it’s better to be Ill. Unlike Harvard, the University of Miami Beach, Fla. Leadership conferences, have attempted involved with one community entity – Illinois focuses on today’s realities of life to facilitate the kind of interaction he and that includes professional groups in the U.S. and how it relates to Ukraine. speaks to, and they are designed not just which are integral components of the According to Dr. Kuropas, it is the Canadian Embassy for members of professional groups, but larger Ukrainian-American community – “grunts” in the community who essential- for anyone interested in the substance of than not to be involved with any. ly move programs forward and maintain no better with visas a particular conference, be it academics, Finally, while I haven’t read Volume the communities so that our younger gen- Dear Editor: “grunts,” or whoever. XIX of Harvard Ukrainian Studies, which erations can benefit from our senior citi- While Dr. Kuropas allows for occa- Dr. Kuropas criticizes for providing a zens. I write in response to Mary L. sional overlap among his three tiers, I forum for Russian studies, I do think that If it were not for the current senior citi- Walkiewicz’s article of July 5 recounting think the overlap is considerably greater one has to look at the big picture. On bal- zens, including teachers, the U.S. military her cousin’s “Saga of a visa experience than he acknowledges. I can’t speak ance, the Harvard Ukrainian Research would not have highly qualified in Kyiv.” As it turns out, the Canadian definitively for the academics or for all Institute and the Ukrainian studies chairs Ukrainian interpreters. If it were not for Embassy is no easier to deal with than professional groups (Ps and Bs), but a have been a tremendous asset in further- these senior citizens and their persistence that of the United States. substantial number of members of The ing objective knowledge about Ukraine, in teaching the “younger” generation the In the spring of 1997, I wrote to Washington Group (TWG), the largest of hence, almost by definition, an asset to difference between democracy and com- Ukraine to invite a friend who is on the the Ukrainian American professional the Ukrainian American community. munism, these interpreters would not be faculty of Lviv University to come to groups, easily fall into the category of Orest Deychakiwsky able to refute illogical questions from for- Canada for a couple of months in the “grunts.” Many active members of TWG Washington mer Communists. These teachers include summer. We intended to collaborate on – and I believe this holds true with other our parents who expected us to learn some professional work. The visit was Ps and Bs – are also active in other com- The writer is president of The Ukrainian as well as English; for them, also to be an opportunity for her to meet munity organizations. Washington Group. failure was not an option. Canadian scholars in Ukrainian and Professional groups are an integral part How do we maintain our vibrant com- Russian studies. of the community, so it seems to me that munities in the 21st century? Good ques- Although my invitation was sent on those active solely in their professional tion. I firmly believe that they have to be official university letterhead, the mem- groups also are “grunts,” even if they HURI programs all-inclusive. We cannot afford to ostra- bers of the embassy would have none of aren’t active anywhere else. What makes cize anyone; we must accept the differ- it. She had to visit the Canadian E activists of professional groups any less marked by vitality ences and build a strong foundation. mbassy in Kyiv three times before she “grunts” than someone, say, who is active Dear Editor: The Ukrainian Weekly will have a was finally granted a visa. Each time she in his or her parish, dance group, fraternal Having recently returned from a visit to major role in this program, disseminating queued for hours and paid $50 for the or credit union? Are professional groups the Ukrainian Research Institute at information as well as challenging the interview. As a final insult, the agent somehow less “community” organiza- Harvard and its summer program, I would communities to become more fully with whom she dealt claimed not to tions than the others? Professional groups like to offer my impressions of some of its engaged in the process. Let us begin know the Ukrainian language; they may not always have the membership or activities. This was my second time lectur- today. spoke Russian. financial resources of some other com- ing at the Harvard Ukrainian Summer Roman G. Golash The first time she was refused, it munity organizations, but they, too, con- seems to have been on the grounds that Institute, and I was again impressed by the Schaumburg, Ill. tribute to the life of the community. vitality of this program. During my stay I what she really wanted to do was to visit The Washington Group, to cite just had the opportunity to meet more than 50 her daughter in Toronto. The second time one example, is virtually the only students in this year’s class; they represent she was told that she did not have Ukrainian American organization in the the best and brightest from Ukraine and More on U.S. policy enough money to support herself. In Washington metropolitan area that stages the Ukrainian American/Canadian com- addition to the initial invitation, I had to high-caliber functions on a consistent munities. regarding visas write another two letters, each one more basis and whose membership cuts across Based on my dealings with the Dear Editor, detailed than the first. all the parishes and other community Ukrainian Research Institute, I consider it It took her right back to the good old I read with sympathy the article by entities in the D.C. metro area. TWG pro- to be a most important link between days of the USSR, of course. To both of Mary Walkiewicz (The Weekly, July 5) vides a platform for U.S. or Ukrainian Ukraine and the West. The institute hosts us, the procedure was insulting. officials to inform and share their per- countless scholars from Ukraine, as well as about her cousin’s tribulation in trying to spectives on Ukraine with TWG mem- get a tourist visa at the American Elizabeth V. Haigh visiting delegations, and helps these Halifax, Nova Scotia bers and non-members, including many Ukrainian visitors establish ties with other Embassy in Kyiv. non-Ukrainians, providing them with an American institutions. From my own experience I know that once the American Embassy in Kyiv The writer is professor of history at St. opportunity to interact with these offi- In December 1996, the institute organ- Mary’s University in Halifax. cials. These functions often are reported ized a conference on Ukrainian foreign makes a mistake you will have to move on in The Ukrainian Weekly and other policy that brought together scholars and heaven and earth to get it corrected. It’s Ukrainian-American newspapers, the policymakers from Ukraine, the United as if the clerks have been instructed How to reach Voice of America, Radio Liberty, the States and many other countries. Last never to correct mistakes. BBC, thus reaching a broad audience December, the institute worked with the In 1994 a person I know very well, a beyond the TWG membership. Kennedy School of Government to host a 37-year-old Ukrainian teacher at an insti- HE KRAINIAN EEKLY tute, went to apply for a tourist visa to TWG funds internships at the conference on civil-military relations in MAINT OFFICEU W the embassy. The clerk could only speak Embassy of Ukraine, brings high quality which more than 30 top Ukrainian military (editorial, subscriptions second-rate Russian and got the idea that Ukrainian cultural events to the nation’s officers participated. and advertising departments): capital (which are also often attended by my acquaintance was a student without a Finally, I would add that the institute’s The Ukrainian Weekly, 2200 Route 10, the wider American public), stages job; she was rejected. Letters, faxes and willingness to publish a book of my diplo- P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 Ukrainian Independence Day picnics and telephone calls from the United States matic addressees and lectures shows that it phone: (973) 292-9800; fax: (973) 644-9510 social events, and engages in other activi- is interested in more than simply publish- could not get this error corrected. ties, either by itself or in cooperation with ing for a small and specialized academic I understand that the embassy tries to other organizations, that serve to advance audience. reduce the number of tourists who want KYIV PRESS BUREAU: Ukrainian American life. In closing, my experience with the to remain illegally in the United States – The Ukrainian Weekly, 11 Horodetsky Street Furthermore, TWG has provided – and Ukrainian Research Institute has shown it and that the applicants sometimes lie on — Apt. 33, Kyiv, Ukraine 252001, will continue to provide – a platform for to be not isolated or inward-looking, but an their applications – but it’s a shame that phone/fax: (44) 229-1906 other community organizations to inform active participant in the process of change innocent people suffer. TWG members about their respective in contemporary Ukraine. It’s also a shame that the United States TORONTO PRESS BUREAU: organizations. TWG, like other profes- welcomes so many Russian and Ukrainian National Association, The Ukrainian sional organizations to varying degrees, Yuri Shcherbak Ukrainian crooks. If you have a large Washington Weekly Press Bureau, 1 Eva Road — Suite 402, not only contributes, it also increasingly sum of money in a Swiss bank, and Etobicoke, Ontario M9C 4Z5, Canada fills gaps in a Ukrainian American com- The writer is Ukraine’s ambassador to declare yourself to be a businessman phone: (416) 626-1999; fax: (416) 626-3841 munity that is steadily diminishing. the United States. who wants to invest in the United States, No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 9

VICE-PRESIDENT AL GORE IN KYIV – JULY 22-23 Vice-President Gore speaks on Chornobyl

Below is the full text of remarks by Vice- President Al Gore at the Chornobyl Museum in Kyiv on July 23. It is a joy to be here again in Ukraine. America congratulates you on your progress. We promise to stand by you as you continue the noble task of nation- building. Ukraine is a pivotal country in the heart of the new Europe; and we believe that a free, prosperous and inde- pendent Ukraine is an important national security interest of the United States of America. I have come back here to build our part- nership by holding another meeting of the U.S.-Ukraine Binational Commission, in which our two countries work together closely on matters affecting our economies, trade and investment, the environment, for- eign policy and national security. President Kuchma and I both believe we made important progress in our meetings yester- day, and we are poised to do still more in the future. But before we can make the most of the future, we need to truly confront the past. Today, for the first time, I saw Efrem Lukatsky Chornobyl. It looms as a menacing monu- U.S. Vice-President Al Gore looks at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant and its sarcophagus from his helicopter. ment to mistakes of the century now slip- ping away from us – a hulking symbol of major critique of the Chornobyl plant, Sweden that finally broke the Soviet Unlike those who are evacuated for hurri- human decisions unworthy of our children. warning of a coming disaster. Because of silence. Sweden demanded an answer, and canes, or floods, or earthquakes, the chil- I walked through the abandoned town of Communist suppression, her neighbors the Soviet Union admitted a minor acci- dren of Chornobyl can never come home. Prypiat. I saw an amusement park that could neither debate her findings nor dent. But still they kept their own people in Chornobyl is not primarily about the looked like a haunted playground, with a demand action. When the disaster which the dark. Five days after the disaster – cruelty of communism. If you want to large ferris wheel rusted over. A merry-go- she had foreseen did come to pass, she when senior Communist Party officials in know about that, go to the memorial a few round whose seats swayed slowly in the joined teams to help clean up the radioac- Kyiv who knew the gravity of the situation blocks from here to the millions who died wind. Ten-story apartment buildings stood tive contamination. Her neighbors now had sent or taken their children to Crimea in Stalin’s forced famine 65 years ago. He empty and abandoned. Four-lane highways cherish the fruits of democracy that her or to their resorts in the Carpathian moun- called it collectivization, but it was mass led to nowhere. And I wondered: What has brave writing heralded. Kovalevska herself tains – the same party leaders assured the murder. And the weapon was communism become of all the people who lived here? now suffers from the thyroid cancer that people of Kyiv that they were not at risk, itself. Nor is Chornobyl primarily a lesson What has become of the children? free speech in her community might have and children flooded the streets of Kyiv to about evil. If you want to know about that, Perhaps I should have been better pre- prevented. take part in the annual May Day parade. go to Babyn Yar. pared for the emotional impact of seeing These heroes and heroines were not I later met one of those children, a The lesson of Chornobyl is not an Chornobyl. Twelve years ago, just like alone. More than 600,000 workers – like young Ukrainian boy whose family had indictment of nuclear power as such. everybody else, I heard the horrible news: an army deployed in defense of the moth- been denied access to the truth. So his Nuclear power, designed well, regulated Reactor No. 4 at the Vladimir Ilich Lenin erland – took on the dangerous task of mother trustingly took her 2-year old son properly, cared for meticulously, has a Atomic Power Plant in Chornobyl had suf- cleaning up the radioactive waste, and suf- to the May Day parade in Kyiv, even as place in the world’s energy supply. And fered a runaway chain reaction that fered harsh physical and psychological radiation continued to spread through the certainly the lesson of Chornobyl is not destroyed the core of the reactor and blast- consequences for their bravery. skies of Ukraine and down the Dnieper that we should retreat from new technolo- ed graphite and reactor fuel through the When Reactor No. 4 blasted its radioac- [sic] River, and on that May Day, 1986, gy. Technology used for human reasons, in roof. The blast ignited more than 30 fires, tivity into the skies of Europe, the wind into the body of that child, causing cancer. humane hands, holds the promise of releasing lethal radioactivity, and unleash- carried it around the world. Within days of Years later, the children of Chornobyl improving the quality of our lives. Today, ing the worst nuclear power accident the the event, cattle, sheep and horses coming have many times the average rate of can- for example, Liubov Kovalevska’s world has ever seen. from Poland and Austria to Italy were cer, and many times the average rate of prophetic warning about Chornobyl would As many as 135,000 people were evacu- toxic. In West Germany, children were told psychiatric problems. Most terrible of all is have been instantly spread on the Internet ated. The full count of Chornobyl’s dead not to play in their sandboxes. Doctors and the fear: fear of radiation, fear of sickness throughout Ukraine and the rest of the can never be known, because radioactivity scientists began to frantically draw circles and fear that one’s own children will be world. Wisely used for compassionate pur- seeps silently into the human body, taking on the map of Europe with Chornobyl at born neither healthy nor whole. poses, technology is part of the answer, and its time before taking its victims. the center. A few years after the disaster, my wife, not itself the problem. In the midst of remembering this sor- And the circumference of the circles Tipper, and I took our children to see an The heroes of Chornobyl did not die so row, we can still see the lessons of courage grew larger and larger each day and each exhibition of photographs of Chornobyl. that we would remain in ignorance. Their that the human spirit can startle us into night. Elevated levels of radiation were My family will never forget the power of deaths must be turned into lessons of great learning: Families were shielded from even found in Poland, Austria, Italy, Norway, those images: a child’s doll abandoned on beauty and hope. We must learn, as a greater fallout by the heroic action of so Sweden – and then in Japan, Canada and an unmade bed – next to a gas mask; pho- world, the true lessons Chornobyl and its many who put their concern for others the U.S. Today, there are still thousands tos of smiling children scattered hastily on martyrs teach us about the possibilities of above their concern for themselves. and thousands of acres of poisoned farm- the floor, left behind in an empty apartment human kindness. Vladimir Privak, commander of the fire land and ghost towns across Ukraine, with a parakeet dead in its cage. In fact, the real lesson of Chornobyl is crew in charge of the Chornobyl plant, Russia and Belarus. What has become of the children – the the need for redemption. Certainly the need arrived first on the scene. He knew his Even after the reactor fire went out, faces in those photographs over here to my to learn from our mistakes is apparent in team was too small for the fire, and sent a radioactivity continued to spill into the right – the children of Chornobyl? What the place itself. There is not yet any sign of message for back-ups throughout the town’s atmosphere. One month after the has become of them? Their fates challenge forgiveness there. As from Eden, we have whole Kyiv region. While his crew battled disaster, Chornobyl released every day us: Will this be the last nuclear disaster, or been banished. Because of what we did the fire in the machine hall, he joined more radioactivity than the next worst just one of the first? and what we neglected to do. another team battling the fire in the reactor. nuclear accident that has been documented I thought of those children when I saw But we can be redeemed. The truth, as He fell in hours, while the reactor burned had released in total. It took 7,000 tons of the signs of deserted towns as I entered the we have been taught, will set us free. And furiously for days. metal and 400,000 cubic meters of rein- museum this morning; on one side of the the truth taught by Chornobyl is that we are One doctor, only in his 30s, had willing- forced concrete to bury hundreds of tons of sign, the name of the town; on the other, a all connected – forever. The truth is that a ly gone to the disaster site to rescue others. nuclear fuel and radioactive debris inside a red slash through the name. Each sign new time has come in which we have to For his selfless act, he suffered large black sarcophagus. symbolizes hundreds of boys and girls, make a choice. blisters, ulcerated skin and red weeping And Soviet authorities put people at mothers and fathers, torn from their homes. We can choose to learn how to care for burns that put him in pain beyond the reach greater risk by concealing their mistakes. Like parents everywhere, I thought of my one another and the earth in a way that is of morphine. He died 12 days after the Even when the Ukrainian people were own children; I thought how fragile was worthy at last of our children’s innocent explosion. fighting heroically to contain the damage, their safety and shelter, and how dependent trust in us, or we can choose once again, as Liubov Kovalevska was the editor of the their Communist Party leaders remained on adults’ choices. I thought of the anguish we have so bitterly over the course of the Prypiat newspaper. In March 1986 – one silent. It was only the sounding of radiation that must have been felt by the families last millennium, to persevere in our old month before the explosion – she wrote a monitors at a nuclear power plant in that had to leave their homes behind. habits of destruction and fail their trust. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

VICE-PRESIDENT AL GORE IN KYIV – JULY 22-23 Suffering binds us together as human The United States joined most countries of production of fissile material and adopt laws and new treaties, heralding a new era beings and has redemptive power to trans- the world – including Ukraine – in con- guidelines to limit exports of dangerous of cooperation – so that we may not fall form those who open their hearts to the demning the tests. The Indian and technology. Sit down together; negotiate; apart, but come together; so that we may new understandings that were concealed Pakistani tests jeopardize international make peace. In the name of your children. not perish, but flourish. from view until the suffering – and empa- efforts to stop the spread of nuclear Join the peacemakers. The ranks are It is an audacious hope, to give up the thy – made them accessible. weapons. And the back-to-back tests might growing every day. There are fewer nuclear animosity and indifference that have made In that sense, what happened at well provoke another round of military weapons deployed in the world today than our world so perilous. But we can triumph. Chornobyl is capable of transforming not competition between India and Pakistan – there were 10 years ago. The United States Courage, foresight and freedom can come only those who endured the tragedy itself, perhaps eventually triggering another war, has reduced its own nuclear arsenal. We together in a moment of choice to change but all of us – if we learn the lesson that we this one with nuclear weapons. have done that under SALT and START II. our world. Let us seize this moment of are all connected. One family – woven into a single gar- And we will reduce further under START extraordinary promise for human growth We have the power to learn to be human ment of destiny. If the nuclear tests con- III, once the Russian Duma ratifies START and choose wisely what we know our chil- in a better way now. Of course, we’ve tried ducted by Pakistan on May 28 had not II. I am going to Moscow tonight, in part to dren deserve. to adapt to global conflicts and scarce been a test underground, but an attack urge them to do so. At the same time, the Thank you for your long fight for free- resources technologically and materially. overhead on India, every country in the United States Congress should act now to dom. Thank you for your commitment to But the lesson of Chornobyl, as our chil- region would have come within the circle ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. peace. God bless our children. And God dren’s faces alone can teach us, is that we of the suffering. We are all connected. Ukraine has been a peacemaker. It has bless the peacemakers. have the great gift – the opportunity – to If the nuclear test conducted by India on earned the thanks of a grateful world for adapt now spiritually as well. We can May 11, had not been a test underground, renouncing and dismantling its nuclear evolve now not just with our tools and but an attack overhead on Pakistan – the weapons. “And they shall beat their swords Kuchma’s opening remarks technologies, but with our hearts. prevailing winds that sweep over the sub- into plowshares, and their spears into prun- And we must. For one thing, fratricidal continent would have pulled that radioac- ing hooks,” says the Bible, and by shipping conflicts still tear at our world. And new tive plume back into India. The forces of nuclear warheads to the Russian Federation at Binational Commission weapons make the potential consequences nature prove what our wisest teachers have and receiving reactor fuel back in much greater. Only in our hearts will we long known about the force of spirit: We exchange, Ukraine has shown us all how. Below is a report by the Embassy of find the way to healing. reap what we sow. South Africa is a peacemaker. They had Ukraine to the U.S. on President Leonid And what is the difference between the One family – Pakistani and Indian chil- a nuclear weapons program and, as they Kuchma’s opening remarks on July 22 at Bosnians and Serbs? Between Catholics dren playing, eating and laughing in those made the move to democracy, chose to end the plenary session of the U.S.-Ukraine and Protestants in Northern Ireland? two countries while the adults threaten one it. Argentina and Brazil are peacemakers Binational Commission. Between Jews and Arabs in the Middle another with the possibility of nuclear war. now. As their countries moved from mili- Whereas during the initial stage of the East? All, it’s true, worship God in differ- Shall we betray those children, or choose tary rule to civilian rule, from dictatorships relationship between Ukraine and the U.S., ent ways. But it is the same God. And I’ll instead to safeguard their future? We appeal to democracies, they agreed as neighbors emphasis was primarily placed on declaring wager, from the depth of my conviction, to the wisdom of the Indian and Pakistani to renounce the development and deploy- general principles, approaches and inten- that from God’s point of view, looking peoples and their leaders to do what they ment of nuclear weapons. India and down on Chornobyl and the rest of the rightly urged us to do during our dangerous, Pakistan can do the same. tions, “now we are moving towards real world, he sees one family. nuclear arms race with the Soviet Union: Over 60 years ago, Mahatma Gandhi actions,” President Leonid Kuchma said as One family – in Pakistan, in India. The Come to the table. Sign the Comprehensive said: “I have the unquenchable faith that, he opened the second plenary session of the world recently learned that a series of Test Ban Treaty. Accept meaningful con- of all the countries in the world, India is the Ukraine-U.S. Binational Commission. nuclear tests were conducted by India. straints on the deployment of ballistic mis- one country which can learn the art of non- The Ukrainian leader noted that regular Pakistan responded with tests of its own. siles. Help work toward a treaty to cut off violence.” Gandhi was speaking of both top-level dialogue between Ukraine and India and Pakistan, both Hindus and the United States was a major accomplish- Muslims. ment in the parties’ cooperation in 1997- In India and Pakistan one finds some of 1998. The leaders of two nations have the most ancient and deepest spiritual tra- attained a very high level of mutual under- ditions on the planet. One finds hundreds standing and support with consultation and hundreds of millions of people who mechanisms working smoothly and contin- lead their entire lives in the bosom of their uously in virtually every area of bilateral religious beliefs. They know in the depth cooperation, the president said. According of their souls that if we dedicate the to the president the strategic axis human mind to overcome hatred, we can “Washington-Kyiv” has become a signifi- curb the evil impulse to use the new cant factor of global peace and stability. capacity of human technology to destroy. Mr. Kuchma also praised the NATO- They know how to use the wisdom of Ukraine Charter on a Distinctive Islam and Hinduism to illuminate our Partnership, noting that Ukraine views the brotherhood and sisterhood. All the great U.S. as a key player in promoting this part- religions teach that we must act as though nership. President Kuchma underscored we are parents of one another’s children, the significance of making the Ukraine- with responsibility for their well-being. U.S. military and political partnership That truth will save us. more concrete, saying that much potential The challenge of Chornobyl is to recog- for cooperation remains untapped. nize that the circumference of our responsi- In the Ukrainian president’s opinion, bility has become the earth itself. Maybe, there has been significant progress in the just maybe, the dangers of our newest tech- economic component of the U.S.-Ukraine nology will move us back to the safety of partnership with the creation of favorable our oldest wisdom – the wisdom of kind- conditions for American businesses in ness. Humankind has never fully practiced Ukraine. Regrettably, there have been this wisdom before. But survival has not problems as well, which the Ukrainian demanded it before, and it does now. This president said he hopes to overcome is, as historians say, an “open moment” – a through joint efforts. tremendous moment of choice that every President Leonid Kuchma expressed nation can seize, not merely to survive, but his concern over the current trend in for- to grow and thrive. eign trade between Ukraine and the U.S.; We need the kind of courage demonstrat- notwithstanding Ukraine’s “most favored ed by the Ukrainian people in the aftermath nation” trade status with the U.S., trade of Chornobyl. We need the foresight that levels are dropping. As President Kuchma the newspaper editor, Liubov Kovalevska, noted, MFN status has not been granted to demonstrated when she predicted the disas- Ukraine on a permanent and uncondition- ter. And above all, we need the political and al basis, contrary to what was agreed upon economic freedom to choose the future. In during the Binational Commission’s first the words of the Ukrainian poet Taras session. President Kuchma linked this Shevchenko, “Then shall our day of hope downfall in trade turnover primarily to arrive ... And break forth into ... splendor.” numerous anti-dumping investigations in Then all nations who wish to seek a the U.S. against Ukrainian exporters, newer world can begin acting like a family which have drastically limited access for that shares the same values, the same chil- Ukrainian commodities to U.S. markets. dren, the same earth, the same future. President Kuchma expressed hope that the As I reflect on what I have seen today of Binational Commission’s committees on the tragedy of Chornobyl, and the hope sustainable economic cooperation, trade inspired as Ukraine’s children grow up and investments would take up this matter Efrem Lukatsky stronger and safer and freer than their par- for thorough consideration with a view Vice-President Al Gore (center) talks to the Chornobyl plant’s deputy director, ents, I call us to join hands and forces to toward working out relevant recommen- Valentyn Kupnyi (right), near the sarcophagus. turn the best wisdom of the world into new dations. No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 11

VICE-PRESIDENT AL GORE IN KYIV – JULY 22-23 Gore’s opening remarks at Binational Commission

Following is the text of Vice-President Al Gore’s opening statement at the U.S.- Ukraine Binational Commission plenary session on July 22 in Kyiv.

Thank you very much, Mr. President. I am delighted to be here in Kyiv for the second meeting of U.S.-Ukraine Binational Commission. Almost two years ago, when we first announced our plans to establish this commission, we characterized the relationship between the United States and Ukraine as a strate- gic partnership. I’m happy to say that partnership is alive and well. Last year, Mr. President, you and I met three times. Each time we have had intensive discussions, discussions that allowed us a chance to learn about each other and to push each of our govern- ments to favor stronger collaboration between our countries. We have also worked together to address some of Ukraine’s most urgent needs: We focused on raising funds for the reconstruction of Efrem Lukatsky the shelter at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, we identified steps that Vice-President Al Gore tastes traditional bread and salt presented to him by girls in national dress upon arrival in Ukraine could reduce the danger of organized for a two-day visit on July 22. crime, and we expressed our support for Binational Commission in addressing the anism for regular United States-Ukraine- tion of a number of programs for scientific improvements in Ukrainian agriculture. broad and expanding range of the initia- Poland contacts and consultations. The and technological cooperation between the This year we meet against the back- tives and activities the sides are pursuing vice-president and president also noted the United States and Ukraine. Scientific and drop of a global financial crisis that is together. They undertook to continue to effective efforts of Ukraine to encourage technological programs are being carried challenging countries on all sides of the refine and enhance the commission’s abili- cooperation among the states bordering on out most actively in cooperation between globe. At this time, no country can pre- ty to advance the bilateral relationship and the Black Sea. the Ukrainian Science and Technology tend that it lives apart from its neighbors. promote progress in the areas of foreign The vice-president and president Center and the Ukrainian Ministry of We are all part of a single global market- policy, security, sustainable economic expressed particular satisfaction with the Science and Technology. place. I look forward to talking with you development, and trade and investment. degree of bilateral cooperation in the area Democratization and transition in depth about how this crisis is affecting The vice-president and president were of non-proliferation. Ukraine’s decision to in Ukraine Ukraine and what Ukraine and the briefed by the committee co-chairmen on become a member of the Missile United States can do to respond. their joint work, and took note of the offi- Technology Control Regime signifies its Vice-President Gore noted that the multi- This year we are also meeting in a cial reports detailing their results. commendable, responsible approach to party parliamentary elections held in world more concerned than ever by the non-proliferation. The sides noted their Cooperation in international relations Ukraine indicated the consolidation of the spread of weapons of mass destruction. common position on the need to curb the and security principles of democracy and free expres- This is an arena where you and Ukraine spread of weapons of mass destruction. sion of the people’s will. The vice-president have exercised true global leadership. By The vice-president and president noted They expressed their deep concern over the and president agreed that Ukraine is at a removing Ukraine from the list of that the United States-Ukraine strategic nuclear tests by India and Pakistan. critical economic juncture. Urgent econom- nuclear armed countries and by stopping partnership has a positive effect on Vice-President Gore and President ic challenges and a difficult global financial the flow of technologies that can be used strengthening overall security in Europe Kuchma found that United States-Ukraine environment place extreme importance on by those who wish to develop weapon and international relations in general. The cooperation in the security field is continu- close cooperation through the mechanism systems, you have shown true leadership. United States side reaffirmed its unwaver- ing to grow. They emphasized that effec- of the Binational Commission. The sides The members of our commission have ing support for a democratic, independent tive programs in this field, as well as mili- noted the urgency of an intensive effort to been hard at work. I look forward to dis- Ukraine. The sides devoted attention to the tary contacts, are an integral part of the accelerate the pace of reform in Ukraine cussing their work with them this after- matter of intensifying cooperation between United States-Ukraine strategic partner- and to consolidate the gains already made, noon and so, with your permission, mem- Ukraine, the United States and the EU ship. The sides stressed the importance of such as macroeconomic stability, responsi- bers, and Mr. President, I would propose [European Union] in making use of all continuing support for the reform of ble and effective monetary policy, and getting down to work with the beginning opportunities to achieve our shared policy Ukraine’s armed forces. During the past progress in privatization and deregulation, of the first session of our commission. of Ukraine’s integration into European and year, cooperation has begun in a number of and expansion of trade and investment. Euro-Atlantic structures. now important areas. Practical cooperation President Kuchma reaffirmed Ukraine’s The vice-president and president noted has started in the further development, with commitment to the policy of economic Joint Statement with pleasure the signing in July 1997, of United States support, of the Yavoriv reform and described the president’s pack- the NATO-Ukraine Charter on Distinctive Training Area for training peacekeeping age of decrees aimed at financial and eco- of U.S. and Ukraine Partnership, and the subsequent success- forces and holding joint exercises by the nomic stabilization. The vice-president ful meetings of the NATO-Ukraine armed forces of Ukraine, NATO member- welcomed the president’s firm intention to The joint statement below was issued Commission. They undertook to invest states and partner countries. The sides col- secure the remaining actions necessary for on July 22 following the second plenary additional effort into strengthening laborate in promoting the NATO decision approval of an IMF Extended Fund session of the U.S.-Ukraine Binational Ukraine/NATO relations, particularly in on setting up at Yavoriv a training center Facility for Ukraine as quickly as possible. Commission. deepening Ukrainian participation in the under the PFP program. This will make it The vice-president affirmed ongoing U.S. Partnership for Peace, and in placing the possible to enhance the interoperability of support for Ukrainian reform. The vice-president of the United States, agreed NATO liaison officer in Kyiv as the armed forces of Ukraine and NATO The president of Ukraine noted that Al Gore, and the president of Ukraine, soon as possible. member-countries. The United States and beginning in 1994, Ukraine had taken a Leonid Kuchma, met July 22, 1998, in The vice-president and president Ukraine jointly undertake with NATO get- number of significant steps aimed at Kyiv, Ukraine, to review progress achieved noted that Ukraine plays an important ting adequate financial support for reforming the energy sector. The president by the United States-Ukraine Binational role in ensuring peace and stability in Ukraine’s participation in PFP [Partnership also expressed his support for the power Commission in strengthening the strategic Central and Eastern Europe, and on the for Peace]. The sides strive to broaden their sector financial recovery plan. The two partnership between the United States and continent in general, and contributes to cooperation with respect to Ukraine’s tech- sides agreed that further efforts to reform Ukraine. The leaders outlined further regional security. nical interoperability with NATO. this sector should be directed toward con- measures to advance the objectives of that Vice-President Gore congratulated The sides noted with satisfaction the tinuing the process of demonopolization partnership in the years ahead. President Kuchma on Ukraine’s efforts to successful cooperation between the United whose main elements are the full introduc- The talks were one more indication of improve relations with all its neighbors. He States and Ukraine under the Cooperative tion of an energy market, including market the high level of bilateral cooperation and cited Ukraine’s cooperation with Poland as Threat Reduction Program. The sides agree principles of setting energy prices, encour- the strengthening of our strategic partner- particularly important. Both leaders wel- to complete promptly a final settlement of aging energy efficiency and privatization ship, which furthers the interests of both comed the trilateral initiative; they have all matters relating to the elimination of of the state-owned property of energy sides and makes it possible to resolve jointly begun to share expertise and experi- strategic bombers, cruise missiles and the companies. issues that arise in their bilateral relations. ences gained in Poland’s and Ukraine’s disposition of the fuel of SS-19 missiles. Both sides noted that market-based The vice-president and president noted transitions to a market-based economy. Vice-President Gore and President development of the agricultural sector is with satisfaction the effectiveness of the They encouraged establishment of a mech- Kuchma noted the successful implementa- vital for establishing the basis for meaning- 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

VICE-PRESIDENT AL GORE IN KYIV – JULY 22-23 begun a large-scale, multi-year program to ation between the United States and assist Ukraine in qualifying alternative fuel Ukraine, symbolized by the SeaLaunch suppliers for its nuclear reactors. project, promotes collaboration in telecom- The vice-president and president were munications, information technologies, and pleased to note the signature in May 1998 science and technology in general. The of an Agreement on Peaceful Nuclear sides welcomed the Ukrainian proposal for Cooperation. They recognized that this cooperation in relation to restructuring the agreement, once it comes into effect and is space sector on Ukraine. implemented, would permit increased, The Ukrainian side drew the vice-presi- mutually beneficial commercial coopera- dent’s attention to the importance of devel- tion. The vice-president and president noted oping the infrastructure of the Black Sea with pleasure the continuing progress in Economic Cooperation (BSEC) region, and developing some elements of Ukraine’s described Ukraine’s plans for attracting nuclear fuel cycle, in particular, on a project investment in projects related to that effort. to qualify alternative sources of nuclear fuel Cooperation in the legal supplies, opening the way for greater com- and humanitarian areas petition for Ukraine’s valuable nuclear fuel market. They noted the allocation of an ini- The sides have noted with satisfaction tial $8 million for the first stage of this proj- the commencement of cooperation of their ect. They also commanded the establish- law enforcement agencies in combating ment of a Joint Experts Working Group on organized crime, corruption, drug traffick- the long-term supply of nuclear fuel for ing, money laundering, automobile theft, Ukrainian reactors. and the trafficking of women and children, The vice-president and president were which are taking on alarming proportions also pleased to announce the decision to throughout the world. In this connection, hold a conference in Washington in Vice-President Gore and President November 9-10, 1998, to promote nuclear Kuchma declared their intention to combat trade and commerce between our countries. these dangerous forms of criminal activity This will help create and broaden commer- and committed themselves to take steps to cial ties between the United States and this end. Ukrainian nuclear sectors and help foster a The sides expressed satisfaction at the wide range of related cooperation. Vice- signing of the Agreement between the President Gore and President Kuchma were United States and Ukraine on Legal Aid in pleased to note the extension of the Nuclear Criminal Cases, and attached great impor- Safety Assistance Agreement. tance to the potential for cooperation in the The vice-president and president agreed aforesaid field. The two sides expressed to continue United States and Ukrainian their deep concern over the alarming trend efforts to implement the Memorandum of of women and children being trafficked for Efrem Lukatsky Understanding [MOU] between the G-7 illicit purposes. The United States noted The vice-president and the president chair the Binational Commission’s session. countries, the European Commission, and with satisfaction the government of Ukraine concerning the closing of Ukraine’s adoption of legislation regarding ful growth of commerce and investment in period. This Ukrainian side stressed the Chornobyl. They noted that great progress trafficking in human beings which was seen this strategic area. They stressed the need importance of granting Ukraine “most has been made under the Chornobyl MOU, as a model for other countries to adopt. to fulfill last year’s obligations with respect favored nation” status in trade with the especially on the Chornobyl Shelter The sides recognized that effective to reducing the government’s role in pur- United States on a permanent and non-con- Implementation Plan, where urgent repairs efforts are being made in Ukraine to com- chasing agricultural products and making ditional basis. The United States side reaf- are under way. bat drug trafficking and the use of an increasing proportion of state purchases firmed that Ukraine is in compliance with Vice-President Gore and President Ukrainian territory to transit narcotics to through commodity exchanges. They the standards of the Jackson-Vanik Kuchma discussed joint environmental ini- other countries. The need for intensifying affirmed the importance of reducing the Amendment. tiatives, among them cooperation on cli- bilateral cooperation in this field was state’s role in supplying credits and Vice-President Gore and President mate change, emissions trading and a proj- underscored. addressing debt issues of Ukrainian agri- Kuchma recognized the need for intensify- ect for purifying drinking water, which Vice-President Gore and President culture. Both sides stated that while some ing cooperation to promote investments in could become an object of mutually benefi- Kuchma agreed that these joint actions are progress has been achieved in privatizing technologies developed by Ukrainian enter- cial cooperation of scientists and business- an important element in the collaboration grain elevators, the need remains to accel- prises. The vice-president and the president men of the two countries. They announced of our two countries, law enforcement erate that process. The United States side regard the recent visit of a United States completion of a new agreement concerning agencies and of the cooperation between supports efforts by the government of mission to Kharkiv as a first step in this the International Radio-ecology Laboratory the United States and Ukraine in the politi- Ukraine to reduce the tax burden on agri- direction. The vice-president and the presi- of the International Chornobyl Center. cal sphere. cultural enterprises. dent noted that the Ukrainian side is imple- Ukraine described for the vice-president The vice-president and president President Kuchma and Vice-President menting its commitment regarding nuclear its proposal for participation in a Eurasian reviewed the work regarding cultural her- Gore reviewed the steps by the Ukrainian non-proliferation. The United States side oil transport corridor for transporting oil itage. They reaffirmed their mutual com- side to improve the investment and busi- reconfirmed its readiness to help develop from the Caspian Sea through Ukraine to mitment to the preservation and protection ness climate, including the establishment of investment and entrepreneurship in the Europe. The vice-president expressed his of culturally significant sites in each coun- the Chamber of Independent Experts and Kharkiv region, including Turboatom. The appreciation of the importance of this issue try. They also reaffirmed their intent fully the President’s Consultative Council and two sides agreed to establish a working for Ukraine and the region, and noted that to implement the bilateral Agreement On making substantial progress toward resolv- group chaired on the Ukrainian side by the the United States Trade Development the Protection and Preservation of Cultural ing a large number of business disputes. head of the Kharkiv Oblast Administration Administration intends to consider funding Heritage. The sides agreed on the great Additional measures included promptly and co-chaired on the United States side by for specific feasibility studies. importance of developing specific projects resolving outstanding business disputes, the ambassador to Ukraine and the coordi- Vice President Gore and President aimed at preserving the cultural heritage in reducing the number of activities subject to nator of United States assistance to the Kuchma expressed their strong satisfaction Ukraine, which is of interest to the United licensing, simplifying the procedures for newly independent states. This group will with the progress made over the past years States, and the cultural heritage in the registration of enterprises, reforming the develop mechanisms to design and imple- in increasing United States-Ukrainians civil United States, which is of interest to Customs Service (in particular, a draft ment specific programs and determine the space cooperation, and with the successful Ukraine, in particular the heritage of the Customs Code has been submitted to sources of their financing. implementation of previous agreements in Ukrainian community of the United States. Verkhovna Rada), codifying the procedures The United States side also stated its this field. The vice-president and president Vice-President Gore and President for inspection of enterprises, simplifying intention to give priority attention to encouraged NASA [National Aeronautics Kuchma underscored the importance of the system for taxation and accounting of Kharkiv in United States assistance pro- and Space Administration] and the NSAU reinforcing the United States-Ukraine small business, lightening the tax burden of grams. The vice-president stated that, [National Space Agency of Ukraine] to strategic partnership in all spheres. The small and medium-sized private enterprises, among other measures, the United States develop plans for an expanded program of sides expressed satisfaction at the work and introducing a fixed agricultural tax. The will organize a business development trip to cooperation and further efforts to encourage accomplished to date by the Binational sides agreed on the need for the most effec- the United States in the fall of 1998 for sen- joint space launch ventures with United Commission. They reflected on the tive implementation of these steps. ior decision-makers from Kharkiv enter- States commercial firms and Ukrainian progress Ukraine has made toward estab- The sides noted the need to accelerate prises in the power sector, including counterparts. lishing a democratic and market-oriented Ukraine’s efforts to gain accession to the Turboatom, to meet with United States gov- The leaders noted that in March 1998, a state and underscored that this was a cru- World Trade Organization. The U.S. side ernment experts and potential partners from bilateral agreement on space technology cial time to redouble cooperative efforts to agreed to continue providing Ukraine with United States firms. The United States will safeguards was signed, which establishes assure Ukraine’s continued process of eco- appropriate political and technical support also increase its support for small and medi- conditions for launching United States nomic and political reform, to encourage in that effort. The Ukrainian side expressed um-size enterprise development in Kharkiv satellites with Ukraine’s launch vehicles. its integration with Europe and the rest of gratitude for extension to Ukraine of the and will deliver military medical equipment Subsequently, Ukraine joined the MTCR; the international community and to bring Generalized Systems of Preferences, which and supplies valued at over $5 million to the sides worked together on an agreement prosperity to the Ukrainian people. The expired on June 30, 1998. The United Kharkiv in 1999. Recognizing the on missile technology safeguards and con- sides agreed to hold the next session of the States expressed its support for continuing Ukrainian side’s actions to promote nuclear tacts between United States-Ukrainian Binational Commission in 1999 in the GSP program for an additional longer non-proliferation, the United States has also enterprises intensified. The intense cooper- Washington. No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 13

SSPPOORRTSTSLLIINNEE by Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj

ATHLETICS ond ahead, a large margin for that distance, with a time of 10.82 seconds. Ms. Pintusevych clocked in at 11.06 This year, the International Amateur Athletic seconds, shading Chrystie Gaines of the U.S. by two Federation (IAAF) initiated a seven-meet contest called hundredths of a second. the Golden League. A total of $1 million will be shared Oleksander Bohach returned to the hunt for shot put by any athletes who win their events in each of the glory, after his ignominious exit from the World seven meets. Championships last year. At the Gugl GP in Linz Austria The chances of anyone performing such a feat sound on July 5, he finished second behind U.S. putter John improbable, and Sergey Bubka, a man who has guaran- Godina. The Ukrainian’s distance was 20.34 meters, the teed himself a place in the pantheon of athletics by tack- American’s, 21.55. ling the seemingly impossible, has already been At the Golden Gala meet in Rome, on July 14 Mr. knocked out of the running. Bohach again finished second, this time behind Kevin Prior to the first meet in the series, the Bislett Games Toth of the U.S., with a toss of 20.38 meters, 25 cen- in Oslo, Norway, on July 9, the six-time world pole timeters short of the leader’s distance. vault champion had this to say: At the same competition, Yuriy Bilonoh finished fifth “I have made the Golden League the focus of my sea- with a distance of 19.69 meters while Roman Virastiuk son. I will definitely not compete in the European took eighth with a throw of 19.44 meters. Championships in Budapest. Of course, it will be really Angela Balakhonova made it to the final of the high difficult to win all seven events (including the final), jump, but failed to clear a height at that stage. especially in the pole vault, but this gives me a strong Tetiana Tereschuk scored Ukraine’s first victory of motivation. the season by besting the field in the 400-meter hurdles, “I’ve been in the sport 24 years and I need new things with a time of 53.67 seconds, edging out Kim Batten of to excite me. I like this new Golden League. It is fantas- the U.S. at the tape by .03 second. Also on the women’s tic the way the sport has changed in the last 10 years — side of things, Olena Buzhenko came sixth in the 800 there are many more opportunities for athletes now, and meters, with a time of 2:03.82. this is the latest one. Personally, I am also glad that I The Pintusevych/Jones battle had actually begun in have strong rivals. Already we have many people Linz with the U.S. sprinter coming out on top, but by a around 6 meters this year, and it is a challenge for me to slightly narrower margin — 10.84 to 11.02. see if I can beat them. I won’t even think about retiring Earlier in the IAAF’s Grand Prix season, at the Japan Sergey Bubka until after the year 2000. The fact that I have won only Grand Prix in Osaka on May 9, Oleksii Krykun some- one Olympic gold in my career bothers me, and I have how made the finals in the hammer throw, but could not um pace. Andrii Skvaruk finished sixth in the hammer to do something about it in Sydney!” manage higher than sixth with a distance of 59.62 throw, just as Mr. Krykun had earlier, but he put Unfortunately, Mr. Bubka managed to clear only his meters, well short of the podium and more than 20 Ukraine’s numbers closer to the competition by hurling opening height of 5.60 meters, then knocked down the meters (over 60 feet) short of the top mark set by Balasz his apparatus 78.29 meters – at least within shouting bar once and was slapped with two time penalties. Kiss of Hungary. distance of Mr. Kiss’ astounding 82.13 meter effort. In According to a recent rule change, each competitor Two days later, at the most recent meet, the Nikaia the men’s 3,000-meter run Sergei Lebed did well to fin- has one minute and 30 seconds to complete each GP in Nice, France, Olena Hovorova took home some ish within 10 seconds of the Moroccan winner’s pace, vault. more hardware for Ukraine by taking third place in the placing 10 with a time of 7:48.41 seconds. Mr. Bubka was one of two superstars who had done triple jump, with a distance of 14.51 – 19 centimeters much to promote the series, and then go on to defeat. In short of the silver effort posted by Romanian Rodica GOLF the men’s 400-meters Michael Johnson of the U.S. fin- Mateescu, herself pipped by Czech Sarka Kasparkova Our readers have prompted us to end our ostensible ished third despite a lane advantage. by two centimeters. golf boycott. It’s hard to argue with success, but even In the women’s 100-meter sprint, Ukraine’s Zhanna At the same competition, Ms. Tereschuk finished harder to argue with the grandparents of a successful Pintusevych again faced her nemesis, Marion Jones of fourth in the women’s 400-meter hurdles, her time drop- the U.S. Ms. Jones finished just under a quarter of a sec- ping to 55.13 seconds, about half a second off the podi- (Continued on page 19)

counts for 20 percent of the final score, the Ukraine earns... pair of Olena Hrushyna and Ruslan (Continued from page 1) Honcharov of Ukraine was in third. The gold medal in synchronized platform div- field was led by two Russian pairs, ing. In the three-meter springboard on Anjelika Krylova/Oleg Ovsiannikov and July 25 Ms. Zhupyna came in ninth. Irina Lobacheva/Ilia Averbukh. The com- In gymnastics, after making it through petition continues with the original dance the first two qualifying rounds, the mixed on July 30 and the free dance on July 31. pair of Olha Teslenko and Roman In men’s figure skating, Ukraine is not far- Zozulia displayed a potentially winning ing as well, with Yevhenii Pliuta in eighth combination, finishing on top in the first place after the short program on July 29. The rotation of the competition (with Ms. top three in the event are Todd Eldredge of Teslenko performing on the uneven bars the U.S., and Alexei Urmanov and Yevgeny and Mr. Zozulia on rings) and fourth in Plushenko, both of Russia. The long program the second rotation (Ms. Teslenko – is scheduled for July 31. beam; Mr. Zozulia – pommel horse). In As of July 30, Ukraine, which had won first place were Chinese gymnasts Jie nine medals, was tied for fifth place in the Ling and Xu Huang; in second and third, medals count, trailing the United States respectively, were two Russian pairs, with 80; Russia, 61; China, 18; and Kenya, Svetlana Khorkina/Aleksei Nemov and 13. Also in fifth place were Australia, Anna Kovalyova/Aleksei Bondarenko. Belarus, Jamaica and Romania. On July 29, after the compulsory round The Goodwill Games continue through of the ice dancing competition, which August 2.

Canada trade missions: the first traveled “Team Canada”... to China in 1994; the second to India, (Continued from page 3) Pakistan, Indonesia and Malaysia in According to an official from the special 1996; the third to South Korea, the task force established to administer the Philippines and Thailand in 1997; and this year to Argentina, Brazil, Chile and mission, participation in the Team Canada Mexico. delegation is by invitation only, and these For additional information, contact the invitations will be mailed by September 14, Team Canada Task Force, Lester B. with applications and fees to be submitted Pearson Building, 125 Sussex Drive, by December 15. Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0G2; telephone There have been four previous Team (613) 995-2194.

To subscribe: Send $50 ($40 if you are a member of the UNA) to The Ukrainian Weekly, Subscription Department, 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

And yes, academics do conduct a schol- THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY In defense... arly dialogue with other academics, as (Continued from page 7) physicians communicate with each other, Ukraine” offered by HURI scholars to the and opera singers exchange experiences readers of The Ukrainian Weekly (August on performance styles. That is true of any 18 and 25, 1996), of which one reader profession. However, scholarly activities wrote to the editor: “Congratulations on conducted at HURI, even if “arcane” in your best edition ever ... Judging from the Dr. Kuropas’ jaundiced view, produce content, all of you spent countless hours on long-term benefits not only in the realm of academe – their prime forum, after all CALL ( 973) 292-9800 research, interviews and editing” (October 6, 1996). And indeed we had, both as a – but for the Ukrainian American com- service and a token of appreciation to the munity more broadly, and even in community that has supported us. Ukraine. The third charge, based on a cursory Through his columns, Dr. Kuropas has perusal of Volume XIX of Harvard often made valuable contributions by Ukrainian Studies, is that the institute enhancing knowledge and raising the unjustifiably “provid[es] a forum for consciousness of The Ukrainian Russian studies.” Here a number of Weekly’s readers. He should continue to points need to be made. The uninitiated do so by concentrating on those issues of reader will not know that this volume community development in which he has was published as a special tribute to Prof. a unique expertise. He should not, how- Edward Keenan. Prof. Keenan has for 30 ever, provide a gross disservice to that years been among the strongest support- same community by seeking non-exist- ers of Ukrainian studies at Harvard, ing enemies within such institutions as engaged in every aspect of the institute’s the Ukrainian Research Institute, whose activities: as a member of its executive faculty, associates and staff are no less committee, editorial board of the journal dedicated to matters Ukrainian than he and other publication series, and in many himself. Customer Service other capacities. He also has been a revo- lutionary figure in reconceptualizing EABC/SkyView, a rapidly growing pre- Russian and Slavic studies, including the History’s undercurrents... miere provider and producer of multi- vexing problem of Russian claims to (Continued from page 7) Kyivan Rus’. His fundamental positions ethnic broadcast programming and satel- on these questions have always coincided As a result, Ukraine gets little benefit from lite communications company in North with those of Ukrainian specialists. A her greatest potential asset: agriculture. America, seeking bi-lingual customer tribute to him was not only appropriate, The International Monetary Fund and service professionals to do heavy tele- but required by our appreciation for his the World Bank are ready to help Ukraine, with the United States poised to provide phone contact, mail correspondence, and untiring support. A collection of this sort traditionally political backing, but reforms must be collection activities for the Ukrainian approved first, including the privatization of network. contains contributions chiefly by the hon- oree’s former students and colleagues. land. Vice-President Al Gore delivered that Some of them have indeed written on message in Kyiv on July 22, and he was Qualified candidates: Associates Degree, right to do so. There’s no point in subsidiz- fluency in English, ability to perform medieval Muscovite topics – that is their specialty. Tributes to Profs. Omeljan ing the collective farm system or other multiple tasks, basic math skills and Pritsak and Ihor Sevcenko, published ear- wasteful, inefficient Ukrainian institutions. knowledge of Windows required. lier, contained contributions by As for the majority of Ukrainians, they Previous experience a plus. Send or fax Turkologists and Byzantinologists, undoubtedly favor land reform, but this is a resume w/ cover letter indicating salary respectively. That is a reflection of the country where Communists have a 75-year requirements to: EABC/SkyView, Attn: traditional nature of such publications. head start on political organization. What the CPU lacks is the vision for a positive Sharline Helfgott, Fort Lee Executive They also have the added benefit of drawing Ukrainian studies into the broad- program; they only have the means to block Park, 2 Executive Dr., Fort Lee, NJ change. This cannot be sustained forever. 07024. Fax: (201) 461-6615. EOE er sphere of international scholarship. But a further point is in order. It is in Today, seven years after declaring inde- fact a great advantage to Ukrainian schol- pendence, Ukraine’s problem is spiritual as arship that the Ukrainian Institute partici- much as it is political and economic. The country has to confront its past and come to UKRAINIAN SINGLES pates in the evolution of Russian studies in the United States and internationally. It terms with it, the Famine above all. That NEWSLETTER was, indeed, partly a reaction to the then process has hardly begun. Serving Ukrainian singles of all ages existing state of Russian and Slavic stud- For such a huge historical event, such throughout the United States and Canada. ies, and dominance of Russian emigres in an enormous crime as the Famine, sur- For information send a self-addressed the field, that led the Ukrainian commu- prisingly little scholarly and literary stamped envelope to: nity to support the creation of Ukrainian work has been done. Dr. Conquest, obvi- Single Ukrainians chairs and a Research Institute at ously, stands out. So does Jim Mace, P.O. Box 24733, Phila., Pa. 19111 Harvard. It was never a mission of HURI who directed the U.S. Commission on to isolate Ukrainian studies within the the Ukraine Famine, as well as Slavko confines of its own walls, but to partici- Nowytski who produced the film pate in and influence the broader field of “Harvest of Despair” and, of course, The Slavistics. To have scholarly treatments Ukrainian Weekly. There’s a scattering of of Russia based on objective, critical other books and materials, but little of study, rather than a continuing reflection recent vintage or mass circulation. of the imperial Russian tradition, is cer- The New York Times could help enor- tainly in the best interest of Ukrainian mously by acknowledging and fixing scholarship. Walter Duranty’s mendacious work from WEST2282 Bloor St. W., Toronto, ARKA Ont., Canada M6S 1N9 Finally, we need make no apology for 65 years ago. Nothing would help more, engaging in what may be termed “pure though, than having Verkhovna Rada Gifts scholarship.” Yes, we offer lectures on approve the privatization of land. I can’t Ukrainian Handicrafts the phonology of northeastern Ukrainian think of a better monument to the victims Art, Ceramics, Jewellery A. CHORNY dialects, and we publish Ottoman sources of the Famine or a more fitting way of Books, Newspapers on the slave trade in the 15th century, as telling their descendants – the nation – Prague / Czech Republic well as articles on the Laodicean Epistle. we’re sorry. Ukrainian boarding house open to guests. Cassettes, CDs, Videos Both English and Ukrainian spoken. Embroidery Supplies Packages and Services to Ukraine Tel.: 011-420-224-315-492 PACKAGES TO UKRAINE Pawlo Muraszko, owner Tel.: (416) 762-8751 Fax: (416) 767-6839 as low as $ .65 per Lb DNIPRO CO HE KRAINIAN EEKLY NEWARK, NJ PHILADELPHIA CLIFTON, NJ VisitT ourU archive on theW Internet at: 698 Sanford Ave 1801 Cottman Ave 565 Clifton Ave http://www.panix.com/~polishuk/TheWeekly/home.shtml Tel. 973-373-8783 Tel. 215-728-6040 Tel. 973-916-1543 *Pick up service available No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 15

Ukrainian Free... (Continued from page 4) Parma parish commemorates anniversary of Great Famine leaders capable of turning things around, he said, adding that it is exact- ly in this area that the UFU can make an important contribution. The dissolu- tion of the UFU would be a tragic loss for Ukrainian education in Ukraine, as well as in the diaspora, and would serve to undermine Kyiv’s foreign pol- icy initiatives and nation-building processes. Prof. Leonid Rudnytzky, dean of the faculty of philosophy, welcomed the 60 assembled students and urged them to take advantage of all the opportunities offered not only by the Ukrainian Free University, but the state of Bavaria and the city of Munich as well. After reading greetings sent by Prof. Petro Goy, president of the Ukrainian Free University Foundation in New York, Prof. Rudnytzky reminded all the scholarship recipients of their moral obligation towards the generous and devoted benefactors of the foundation. He spoke about Ukrainian Americans who have dedicated their time, energy and financial resources to enable young students to learn at the only Ukrainian university beyond the boundaries of Ukraine. In his written statement Prof. Goy stressed the fact that in the past seven years alone the foundation, thanks to the generosity of its donors, has pro- Clergy and altar servers during memorial services for victims of the Great Famine held at St. Vladimir’s Ukrainian Orthodox vided approximately $900,000 for Cathedral in Parma, Ohio. scholarships for deserving students. Prof. Goy further indicated that since PARMA – St. Vladimir’s Ukrainian Rev. Mykola Lavruk and the Rev. Deacon part of a Harvard University project. Ukraine’s independence, “The Orthodox Cathedral on Sunday, June 28, Ihor Mahlay. The parish choir, directed by The program concluded with the singing Ukrainian Free University opened its solemnly commemorated the 65th Markian Komichak, sang the responses. of “Bozhe Velykyi” and a wreath of blue doors to our brothers and sisters from anniversary of the man-made Famine in Following the service, a brief program and yellow flowers was placed at the base our native land and thus has become Ukraine. Following the 8:30 a.m. divine was held. Larissa Burlyj, vice-president of of the Famine Monument by Adam their window to Western culture and liturgy, and before the 10:15 liturgy, the the Junior Chapter of the Ukrainian Kominko, on behalf of the parish youth. education.” faithful gathered outside the church, in Orthodox League, spoke about the tragic The monument, which was erected on The annual faculty meeting of the front of the Famine Monument on the events of 1932-1933. This was followed by the parish grounds five years ago, honors Ukrainian Free University – at which parish grounds. a reading by Susanna Turscak titled the memory of the 7 million victims of the the future of the university will be A memorial service was served by the “Hanya’s Story” – a diary compiled by Ms. Great Famine. It is used throughout the decided – is scheduled for July 31- Rev. John Nakonachny, pastor, the Rev. Turscak based on actual survivors’ accounts school year to teach the youth the sad his- August 1. Volodymyr Steliac, assistant pastor, the of the famine, which she had researched as tory of Ukraine during the 20th century.

SUMMER PROGRAMS 1998 Saturday, August 8 ~8:30 p.m. CONCERT – Ensemble KAZKA 10:00 p.m. DANCE – music provided by LUNA

Saturday, August 15 ~8:30 p.m. CONCERT – Soprano LUBA SCHYBCHYK 10:00 p.m. DANCE – music provided by ZOLOTA BULAVA 11:45 p.m. Crowning of “MISS SOYUZIVKA 1999”

Sunday, August 16 UNWLA DAY

Saturday, August 22 UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATIONS ~8:30 p.m. CONCERT – SOYUZIVKA DANCE WORKSHOP RECITAL Director: ROMA PRYMA BOHACHEVSKY 10:00 p.m. DANCE – music provided by BURYA

Saturday, August 29 ~8:30 p.m. CONCERT – Violist HALYNA KOLESSA; Pianist OKSANA RAWLIUK PROTENIC 10:00 p.m. DANCE – music provided by VIDLUNNIA

LABOR DAY WEEKEND CELEBRATIONS CONCERTS, DANCES, EXHIBITS, TENNIS TOURNAMENT, SWIMMING COMPETITION (Details TBA)

Need a back issue? If you’d like to obtain a back issue of The Ukrainian Weekly, send $2 per copy (first-class postage included) to: Administration, The Ukrainian Weekly, 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

as “religious organizations.” The law Newsbriefs restricts the activities of groups that do (Continued from page 2) not meet that condition or other registra- last year, is to consider the committee’s tion requirements. Article 14 of the Air Ukraine complaint against Nasha Niva on August Russian Constitution states that “religious Ä‚¥aΥ̥fl ìÍð‡ªÌË 12. (RFE/RL Newsline) associations are separate from the state and equal before the law.” (RFE/RL THE ONLY NON-STOP SERVICE BETWEEN Boeing VP visits PivdenMash factory Newsline) NORTH AMERICA AND UKRAINE WASHINGTON – Boeing Vice- Poland, Ukraine to fight sex slave industry President Jim Albo visited the Dnipropetrovsk-based PivdenMash engi- KYIV – Poland and Ukraine agreed on TUESDAY, FRIDAY AND SUNDAY FLIGHTS TO neering plant on July 23. Mr. Albo inspect- July 16 to cooperate in fighting prostitu- ed the factory’s Zenit rocket launchers, tion and sex slave trafficking to the West, which will be used in the Sea Launch proj- Reuters reported. “The Mafia has become New York – Kyiv ect involving Pivdennyi, Boeing, Russia’s engaged in [the trafficking of women]. ... Energiya, Norway’s Kwaerner Maritime, We must take preventive measures togeth- New York – Lviv – Kyiv and Ukraine’s PivdenMash and KBU. Mr. er,” a Ukrainian Internal Affairs Ministry Albo told journalists that 20 orders have representative commented. According to • Flying time is 4 hours faster than any other airline been received for satellite launches under the International Organization for • Highly qualified pilots the Sea Launch project. He further dis- Migration, more than 100,000 Ukrainian • Excellent service with traditional Ukrainian hospitality closed that, during his talks with Pivdennyi women are being forced to work as prosti- and great meals on board officials, cooperation under the Sea tutes in the West. (RFE/RL Newsline) • Day-time and evening flights from JFK-New York Launch project as well as the possibility of President briefed on road construction using the Zenit rockets to launch satellites from the Baikonur aerospace complex KYIV – Reconstruction of the 1-800-UKRAINE (1-800-857-2463) were addressed. Boeing holds a 40 percent Khreschatyk, Kyiv’s main thoroughfare, or contact your travel agent. stake in the Sea Launch project. (Embassy will cost 30.9 million hrv and will be fin- of Ukraine) ished by August 15, in time for the Ukrainian Independence Day parade, Kyiv For arrival and departure information Groups file challenge to religion law Administrator Oleksander Omelchenko call (718) 656-9896, (718) 632-6909 MOSCOW – Representatives of sever- told President Leonid Kuchma and al religious organizations have filed an Verkhovna Rada Chairman Oleksander appeal with the Constitutional Court of Tkachenko during a briefing on the the Russian Federation challenging the progress of the road work. (Eastern Air Ukraine law on freedom of conscience and reli- Economist) 551 Fifth Ave., Suite 1002, 1005 gious organizations that took effect last Unemployment levels rising in 1998 September, Nezavisimaya Gazeta report- New York, NY 10176 ed on July 16. Duma Deputies Valerii KYIV – The June unemployment level Borschev of the Yabloko faction and in Ukraine was 2.9 percent, up from 2.77 Cargo Shipping: Galina Starovoitova have expressed sup- percent in April. The highest unemploy- port for the court appeal, which charges ment level is in Lviv Oblast with 70,500 that the law contradicts both Russian and people officially out of work; Donetsk Air Ukraine - Cargo international legal norms. One of the Oblast has 62,800 on its rolls and 2307 Coney Island Ave. (Ave. T), Brooklyn, NY 11223 most controversial aspects of the religion Dnipropetrovsk 46,900. Unemployment tel.: 718-376-1023, fax: 718-376-1073 law requires groups to prove they have assistance was provided to 473,558 peo- existed in Russia for at least 15 years in ple and averaged 39.39 hrv. (Eastern order to be registered with the authorities Economist) Turning the pages...

(Continued from page 6) be independent of official literary politics. His first work was a drama, “Lytsari Absurdu” (Knights of the Absurd, 1924), pub- lished by the journal Chervonyi Shliakh, followed soon after by collections of stories and novellas “Zaporosheni Syliuety” (Dusty Silhouettes, 1925), “Tuk-tuk” (1926) and “Synia Voloshka” (The Blue Cornflower, 1927). Already with “Silhouettes,” Antonenko-Davydovych had begun to draw ideological fire from Soviet critics who detected “bourgeois nationalism” in the author’s insistence on highlighting the collision between Ukrainian and Russian cultures, and who bristled at his derisive treatment of Communist Party functionaries and agit-prop campaigns. Their hostility was assured by his novel, “Smert” (Death, 1928), which became very popular. Its first few sentences identify Russian communism as a foreign presence in Ukraine, and the book’s central character is a Ukrainian intellectual who becomes an oppressor of his own people because of his adherence to ideology. In 1929, he published another collection of stories, “Spravzhnyi Cholovik” (A Real Man), and in the following year, a book of wistful travel vignettes, “Zemleiu Ukrainskoiu” (Through the Ukrainian Land), which ranged over cities, towns and villages; over the countryside of the Dnipro’s southern lowlands, the mines of the Donbas and borderlands of western Ukraine. As the Stalinist terror was reaching its apogee, Antonenko-Davydovych avoided arrest by traveling between Kharkiv and Kyiv, somehow managing to get his novella “Kryla Artema Letiuchoho” (The Wings of Artem Letiuchyi, 1932) and collection of stories “Liudy i Vuhillia” (People and Coal, 1932) published. In 1933, he went into self-imposed exile in Kazakstan, but the NKVD caught up with him in Alma-Ata in 1935 and he was imprisoned in labor camps until the Khrushchev thaw in 1956. Rehabilitated, he returned to Kyiv and resumed his literary work, publishing three col- lections of short stories and a novel by 1960, but it did not take long for the regime to turn on him. His novel “Za Shyrmoiu” (Behind the Screen, 1963) was harshly criticized for deviations from Socialist Realism. His literary criticism (anthologized in “Pro Shcho i Iak,” On What and How, 1962; and “V Literaturi i Kolo Literatury,” In and Around Literature, 1964) and essays on linguistics (collected in “Iak My Hovorymo,” How We Speak, 1970) secured his strong influence on the literary generation of the 1960s, which became known as the Shestydesiatnyky. This work and his protests against Russification and statements in defense of Ukrainian dissidents also provoked a series of repressive measures from the Brezhnevite machine, which subjected him to incarceration, house arrest and constant harassment of his family. From the early 1970s, publication of his works was suspended and his books were banned. Borys Antonenko-Davydovych died on May 5, 1984, in Kyiv. Sources: “Antonenko-Davydovych, Borys” Encyclopedia of Ukraine, Vol. 1 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984); “Antonenko-Davydovych, Borys,” Ukrainska Literaturna Entsyklopedia, Vol. 1 (Kyiv: Ukrainska Radianska Entsyklopedia, 1988); Yuriy Lavrinenko, ed., “Rozstriliane Vidrodzhennia,“ (Paris: Kultura, 1959). No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 17

COMMUNITY CHRONICLE HE KRAINIAN EEKLY Established 1893 EstablishedT U 1933 W

PUBLISHED BY THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION INC. Syracuse Ukrainian school 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 • (973) 292-9800 • Fax (973) 644-9510 bids farewell to graduates Advertising Contract q with SVOBODA q SYRACUSE, N.Y. – The Lesia the importance of remembering their rich with THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Ukrainka School of Ukrainian Studies in Ukrainian culture and heritage. Syracuse, N.Y., bid farewell to two of its Mrs. Fencor, director of the school, 1-9 ads ...... $12.00 per inch/SC graduates on June 6 of this year at the spoke about Mr. Senenko’s and Mr. 10 or more ads ...... 20% discount Firm:...... Ukrainian National Home. Frushelo’s accomplishments – not only in 24 or more ads ...... 25% discount Address: ...... The program began with a welcoming Ukrainian organizations, but American as 52 ads ...... 30% discount Per: ...... address by Deacon Dr. Myron Kotch, pres- well, and presented the graduates with ident of the local UCCA branch. The mas- their diplomas. SVOBODA (Published in Ukrainian on Fridays) ter of ceremonies was Hanna Hrycyk. The Both graduates thanked their parents, ALL ADVERTISEMENTS MUST BE RECEIVED BY WEDNESDAY TO BE PRINTED IN THE FOLLOWING WEEK ISSUE. Rev. Stepan Kuklich, assistant pastor of St. teachers and the school administration OBITUARIES ACCEPTED BY TELEPHONE UNTIL 9:00 A.M. WEDNESDAY. John the Baptist Ukrainian Catholic for their constant encouragement. ADVERTISING RATES Church, gave the benediction. The Ukrainian National Association FULL PAGE (58”) ...... $600.00 QUARTER PAGE (141/2) ...... $165.00 This year’s graduates are Taras was represented by Walter Korchynsky, HALF PAGE (29”) ...... $310.00 EIGHTH PAGE (71/4) ...... $85.00 Senenko and Mykola Frushelo. Greetings UNA advisor and chairman of the 1. All General Advertising ...... 1 inch, single column ...... $12.0 were extended to them by Dr. Ivan Syracuse UNA District. Mr. Korchynsky 2. Fraternal and Community Advertising ...... 1 inch, single column ...... $7.50 Hvozda, school advisor, and Nicholas congratulated the graduates and present- 3. Information on Mechanical Requirements: Duplak, class advisor. Both eloquently ed them with gifts from the UNA. a) Width of one column ...... 2 5/16 inches shared their thoughts with the graduates. Afterwards, the participants danced b) Length of one column ...... 141/2 inches They stressed the importance of continu- into the morning hours to the music of c) Columns to a page ...... 4 ing their education, actively participating Vorona; Messrs. Senenko and Frushelo in Ukrainian American organizations and are musicians and vocalists with the band. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY(Published in English on Sundays) ALL ADVERTISEMENTS MUST BE RECEIVED ONE WEEK PRIOR TO PUBLICATION: FRIDAY NOON. ADVERTISING RATES FULL PAGE (58”) ...... $600.00 QUARTER PAGE (141/2) ...... $165.00 HALF PAGE (29”) ...... $310.00 EIGHTH PAGE (71/4)...... $ 85.00

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UNA Advisor Walter Korchynsky congratulates graduates Mykola Frushelo and Taras Senenko, as Director Fencor looks on. Illinois secretary of state visits Chicago’s Ukrainian Village

August 15th & 16th 1998

Distance from: Allentown - 30 mi., New York - 90 mi., Philadelphia - 75 mi., Pottsville - 35 mi., Scranton - 60 mi. CHICAGO – Secretary of State George Ryan recently toured the Ukrainian Village area of Chicago. Pictured in front of Ss. Volodymyr and Olha Ukrainian Catholic FOR INFORMATION CALL: (610) 377-4621 (610) 377-7750 Church are: (from left) State Sen. Walter Dudycz, Secretary of State Ryan and ~ Go to Lehighton, follow signs for festival ~ Bohdan Watral. 18 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

where and how will that be done? The Ukrainian Canadian... It most certainly won’t come about The art exhibition and sale of the works (Continued from page 6) spontaneously. Part of the process of of the outstanding Ukrainian artists would eventually take, its creation will working toward one common organiza- tion might mean retaining the present Edward, Yurij, Jarema Kozak and have to be the result of a consensus reached by the leaders of all the existing organizations for their existing members Yaroslaw Wyznyckyj organizations. (largely older immigrants and earlier generations of the Canadian-born), while This in turn, depends on how the lead- at the same time helping to lay the basis is now open in Hunter, N.Y. in the banquet hall of ers of the existing Ukrainian organizations for the young people to belong to one in Canada (both left and right) see the organization. future of their organizations. Will they The assimilation of ethnic groups in hang on, keeping them as they are to the Canada, as in most countries, is an very end, even when there are only a few objective historical process that will The Xenia Motel members left in each? One hopes they will continue, very likely at an increased Attention all art lovers! Hurry up! be far-sighted, realistic and objective tempo, through the coming years. One Only a few of Eko’s masterpieces are left. enough to recognize that changes – radical cannot predict what effect this process, changes – have to be made, that the old as well as future technological, social forms, concepts and policies of their and political developments, will have on organizations are of little or no interest to the grandchildren and great-grandchil- (518) 263-4391 today’s younger generations. dren of Ukrainian Canadians 40, 50 or Those who wish to spend their weekend or It is important to emphasize that the 100 years from now. What will the young people themselves, those in their 20s vacations in the Hunter area, please call us in advance. Ukrainian Canadian community be like and 30s, should be consulted and actively in the years 2010 and 2020? Will there involved in this process, rather than leaving even be a Ukrainian Canadian commu- it solely to the present leaders, most of nity? We do not know just what the whom are in their 50s, 60s and 70s. future holds for all Canadians. There is It is worth noting that those who no reason, however, why young Field & Olesnycky founded the organizations back in the Canadians of different ethnic, national early decades of this century were nearly and racial origins should not be able to Attorneys at Law all in their 20s and 30s when they did so. preserve and nurture their cultural her- All objective and forward-looking itage for the next few decades at least. 11 Eagle Rock Ave., Suite 100 members of existing Ukrainian organiza- The thoughts, ideas and suggestions East Hanover, N.J. 07936 tions in Canada ought to give serious in this paper are entirely my own and (201) 386-1115 thought to this problem. It will be solved have not been discussed beforehand only if the leaders of all the present Fax (201) 884-1188 with any organization or any group of organizations work together selflessly to individuals. Since I have not belonged (Three Miles North of Ramada Hotel, at Ridgedale Ave.) that end. And they should do so without to any Ukrainian organization for more much delay. If they do not, their organi- than two decades, and mostly because I Representation of Small Businesses, zations face the prospect of a continuing am now in my 85th year, I do not intend Wills, Estates and Asset Protection, Commercial and Corporate Law, erosion of their membership to the point to become involved in any subsequent Real Estate and Family Law. of their complete withering away and discussion or consideration of the ideas eventual demise. I have presented here. I firmly believe it (By prior appointment, on selected Fridays, between the hours of 5:00 P.M. and 7 P.M., Mr. Olesnycky will Even the organizations that still have a should be the prerogative of the substantial and viable number of more younger members of the community, hold office hours at Self-Reliance Ukrainian Federal Credit Union, 558 Summit Ave., Jersey City, NJ. recent immigrants in their ranks have to particularly those in their 20s and 30s, Please call (201) 386-1115 to make such appointments in advance) ask themselves: What about their children to chart the path by which they can pre- and grandchildren? What are the prospects serve their cultural heritage. My hope is Nestor L. Olesnycky Robert S. Field for getting them interested in preserving that this paper will generate frank dis- and nurturing their Ukrainian heritage? cussion and, subsequently, new ideas Who will provide these incentives? And and solutions. No. 31 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 19

play “awesome” as the Ukrainian his post-Masters resolve to stay an ama- U.S.-Ukrainian... Sportsline American battled howling winds to hold teur was beginning to crumble. Pressed (Continued from page 2) (Continued from page 13) a share of the lead after 14 holes. by an AP reporter, he finally offered a ingrained in the country. grandchild. As Maurice and Jay Kuchar Caddied by his father, Peter, an insur- “maybe” to a suggestion that he turn pro If this is the state of Ukrainian poli- wrote, “We think many Ukrainians would ance specialist, Mr. Kuchar led Mr. Woods after this year’s U.S. Amateur champi- tics, why should the West care? If like to know we excel at sports other than by one stroke at that point, finishing the onships at Oak Hill, in Rochester, N.Y. Ukraine has successfully muddled hockey.” round with a 72. Mr. Woods shot 71. July has been a tougher month, as first through so far, why not let it continue Matthew Gregory Kuchar, 20, a native In the end, he shot an even-par 288, at Loch Lomond World Invitational in down this road? Perhaps the West should of Winter Park, Fla., is enjoying a story- placing 21st over all. This earned him the Scotland, and then the Royal Birkdale simply let the Ukrainian leadership steer book year after winning the 1997 U.S. Masters’ silver trophy as the “low ama- Club, at the British Open, Mr. Kuchar the country toward stagnation and obscu- Amateur Championships and three colle- teur” and a return trip to next year’s com- missed the cut. rity on Europe’s periphery. As tempting giate titles, including this year’s Puerto petition – the first amateur to “play his As he prepares for a defense of his U.S. as such a conclusion is, Ukraine’s choice Rico Golf Classic. way back” to the Masters since Sam Amateur title, which will begin in August, Randolph did it in 1985. between Europe and Europe’s periphery The 6-foot-4-inch 195-pounder is a he faces more pressure than ever from matters to the continent as a whole. sophomore at Georgia Tech majoring in As his grandparents put it, “he cap- sponsors and even senior players who A choice in favor of the status quo does management. He took up golf when he tured the hearts of many Americans on have told him he is ready to turn pro. not merely perpetuate today’s Ukraine. It was 12. In April, he was invited to play at nationwide TV with his cheery demeanor “Right now I am dead in the middle,” undermines the foundations that have the Masters in Augusta, Georgia. and never-ending smile.” Mr. Kuchar told the phenom told Reuters. “There are so made the current situation bearable inside As reported on the CNN/Sports CNN, “I may be smiling a little bit out of many positives about going back to the country and less dangerous for Illustrated website, “The Kid with the embarrassment. I can’t believe this many school and so many positives about turn- Ukraine’s neighbors. It would certainly Killer Smile” almost stole the spotlight people are watching me play golf.” ing pro, so I don’t know what’s going to endanger the policies that have dramatical- from another young golfer he was part- In June at the U.S. Open in San happen. They’re saying millions, I don’t ly lowered inflation and brought Ukraine a nering with – defending Masters champi- Francisco, Mr. Kuchar was even more really know what a million is going to do stable currency. It would exacerbate eco- on Tiger Woods. He called Mr. Kuchar’s successful, finishing 14th over all, and for me.” nomic deprivation in the country as a whole, particularly along crucial ethnic and regional fault lines. A peripheral Ukraine would increase the danger that European institutions like NATO and the European Union, which are now undergoing enlarge- ment, would find themselves on a much more unpredictable and unstable frontier. These strategic realities give visits like Vice-President Gore’s additional impor- tance. Senior U.S. and Western officials cannot force the Ukrainian leadership to act against its immediate political interests. They cannot impose economic reforms on an unwilling country. Yet they must be a strong stimulus for these reforms by reminding Ukraine of the choice it faces and the consequences of failing to act. They must also sketch out – as they did so successfully to a Ukraine unsure of whether it should proceed with nuclear disarmament – the support Kyiv can count on if it recognizes the serious- ness of the situation and makes the hard reform decisions needed for the country to move forward.

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SERVINGMONUMENTS NY/NJ/CT REGION CEMETERIES OBLAST MEMORIALS P.O. BOX 746 Chester, NY 10918 914-469-4247 BILINGUAL HOME APPOINTMENTS 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1998 No. 31

PREVIEW OF EVENTS

Friday-Sunday, August 7-9 9615. To be added to the mailing list please write to: Weekenders/UHC, P.O. KERHONKSON, N.Y.: A Single Ukrainian Box 1607, New York, NY 10009. Weekenders three-day event will take place at Soyuzivka, starting with a party at the Saturday, August 22 Trembita Lounge at 9 p.m. on Friday. A Hudson River Cruise is scheduled for EAST MEADOW, N.Y.: An evening of Saturday at 2-4 p.m. All interested parties ethnic song and dance called “Ukrainian are to meet at the patio at 10:30 a.m. or at the American Night” will take place at Rip Van Winkle ship at Rondout Landing in Eisenhower Park’s Harry Chapin Lakeside Kingston at 11:30 a.m. A zabava will be Theater, as part of the International Nights held jointly with Club Suzy-Q at 10 p.m. on Series presented by the Nassau County the Veselka patio. There will be a picnic on Department of Recreation and Parks. The Sunday at noon to top off the weekend. For concert will include the Voloshky dancers directions and accommodations please call and the Luba-Mykola and Victor Trio, and Soyuzivka, (914) 626-5641. starts at 8 p.m. Concert-goers should bring folding chairs. For further information Saturday-Sunday, August 8-9 please call the Public Information Office, HAINES FALLS, N.Y.: Taras (516) 572-0200, weekdays during business Schumylowych will exhibit three tempera hours or “Concertline,” a recorded mes- paintings, titled “Ukrainian Pysanka (Easter sage updated weekly, at (516) 572-0223. Egg) III,” “Sunflowers II” and “Statue of Sunday, August 23 Liberty at Night” at the 51st annual art exhi- bition sponsored by the Twilight Park TORONTO: The Ukrainian Canadian Artists. The “Young Artists’ Division” will Congress, Toronto Branch, will hold a cele- feature the works of Xenia, Justin and bration of the seventh anniversary of the Larissa Schumylowych. The exhibition will Independence of Ukraine at St. Volodymyr be held in the Twilight Park Clubhouse and Cultural Center, 1280 Dundas St. W. and will open with a wine reception on Saturday Fourth Line in Oakville. This celebration at 5-7:30 p.m. and continues through will feature Hennadii Udovenko, national Sunday at 1-5 p.m., with an artists’ demon- deputy of Ukraine’s Verkhovna Rada and stration planned at 3-4 p.m. president of the 52nd Session of the U.N. Saturday, August 15 General Assembly, as guest speaker. An ecumenical service will be held at 11 a.m. KERHONKSON, N.Y.: All Single and a concert at 2:30 p.m. The festivities Ukrainian Weekenders and guests are include a yarmarok (bazaar), children’s cor- invited to dance the night away at a zaba- ner, food and refreshments. There will be va at Soyuzivka. For directions and an adult dance at 6-8 p.m. and a student accommodations please call Soyuzivka, dance at 9 p.m.-midnight. Admission is $10 (914) 626-5641, and for further informa- for adults, children under 12 are free. For tion or to RSVP, please call (212) 358- further information call (416) 762-9427.

At Soyuzivka: August 8-9

KERHONKSON, N.Y. – Hailing from Ellis Island National Park and the the anthracite coal region of Northeastern Pennsylvania State University Slavic Pennsylvania, the Kazka Ukrainian Folk Festival. It has received numerous state Ensemble will headline the Saturday and local grants to assist with choreogra- evening, August 8, concert program at phy, costuming and music. The group has Soyuzivka, the upstate New York resort released a recording featuring a selection of the Ukrainian National Association. of contemporary, traditional and humor- Members of Kazka include a vocal quar- ous songs, and it plans to release two tet – composed of Paula Duda, soprano, new recordings this year: a collection of Sandra Duda, alto, Joseph Zucofski, tenor, Christmas carols and a compilation of and Michael Duda, baritone – and a 20- folk songs. member dance ensemble. The quartet sings After the concert, which begins at 8:30 both contemporary and folk music, while p.m. in the Veselka auditorium, there will the dance troupe performs numbers from be a dance to music by the Luna band various Ukrainian regions, including beginning at about 10 p.m. Poltavschyna, Hutsulschyna, Boikivschyna, For information about Soyuzivka Lemkivschyna and Transcarpathia. accommodations, entertainment pro- Kazka has performed at diverse ven- grams, art exhibits and other special fea- ues, such as the Bethlehem Musikfest, tures, call (914) 626-5641.

The Kazka Ukrainian Folk Ensemble’s vocal quartet (from left): Michael Duda, Sandra Duda, Paula Duda and Joseph Zucofski.