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Exotic Antimatter Detected at RHIC Denes Molnar the Goal of Gozar’Sgoaltheof Research Is Eluci Help Maydiscovery the Discovery Experimental “This on March 4,2010

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Exotic Antimatter Detected at RHIC Denes Molnar the Goal of Gozar’Sgoaltheof Research Is Eluci Help Maydiscovery the Discovery Experimental “This on March 4,2010 the Vol. 64B - No. 11 ulletin April 2, 2010 Exotic Antimatter Detected at RHIC Scientists report discovery of heaviest known antinucleus — the first D0680809 containing an anti-strange quark — laying the first stake in a new frontier of physics An international team of scien- known as “strangeness,” which tists studying high-energy colli- depends on the presence of sions of gold ions at the Relativ- strange quarks. Nuclei contain- Joseph Rubino istic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), ing one or more strange quarks a 2.4-mile-circumference particle are called hypernuclei. ‘Communicating accelerator located at BNL, has For all ordinary matter, with Science’ published evidence of the most no strange quarks, the strange- massive antinucleus discovered ness value is zero and the chart Alan Alda to date. The new antinucleus, is flat. Hypernuclei appear above discovered at RHIC’s STAR detec- the plane of the chart. The new To Give Talk, 4/9 tor, is a negatively charged state discovery of strange antimatter At 9 a.m. on April 9 in Berkner of antimatter containing an with an antistrange quark (an Hall, Lab Director Sam Aronson antiproton, an antineutron, and antihypernucleus) marks the first Michael Herbert will welcome Alan Alda, the ac- an anti-Lambda particle. It is also entry below the plane. claimed actor and host of PBS’ the first antinucleus containing This study of the new antihy- “Scientific American Frontiers,” an anti-strange quark. The results pernucleus also yields a valuable and Howie Schneider, Dean of were published online by Science sample of normal hypernuclei, Express on March 4, 2010. and has implications for our Stony Brook University School of CN2-21-99 Journalism and one of the found- “This experimental discovery understanding of the structure of ers of its Center for Communicat- may have unprecedented con- collapsed stars. ing Science, to open a program on sequences for our view of the “The strangeness value could At the STAR Detector at Brookhaven Lab’s Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, “Communicating Science.” After world,” commented theoretical be non-zero in the core of col- scientists recently detected the heaviest known antinucleus — the first Alda’s keynote speech, a panel physicist Horst Stoecker, Vice containing an anti-strange quark. lapsed stars,” said Jinhui Chen, of experts — including BNL’s Jo- President of the Helmholtz As- one of the lead authors, a post- anna Fowler — will discuss “Who sociation of German National mental asymmetries in the early cording to the number of protons, doctoral researcher at Kent State Cares What the Public Thinks Laboratories. “This antimatter universe. which determine each element’s University and currently a staff about Science?” Aronson encour- pushes open the door to new chemical properties. Physicists scientist at the Shanghai Insti- ages as many BNLers as possible dimensions in the nuclear chart — New Nuclear Terrain use a more complex, three-di- tute of Applied Physics, “so the to attend this event, which also an idea that a few years ago would All terrestrial nuclei are made of mensional chart to also convey present measurements at RHIC includes afternoon workshops on have been viewed as impossible.” protons and neutrons (which in information on the number of will help us distinguish between- science communication. The discovery may help eluci- turn contain only up and down neutrons, which may change in models that describe these exotic For agenda information, see date models of neutron stars and quarks). The standard periodic different isotopes of the same states of matter.” pg. 3 and www.bnl.gov/csw/. opens up exploration of funda- table of elements is arranged ac- element, and a quantum number See Antimatter on pg. 2 Four Scientists at BNL Honored Two Pegram Lectures, 4/12, 4/13 With DOE Early Career Research Grants Harvard’s Christopher Stubbs Will Discuss Dark Energy, Search For Novel Gravitational Effects Christopher Stubbs, Chair of the Physics Department at Harvard University, will give two George Roger Stoutenburgh Roger Stoutenburgh B. Pegram Lectures — April 12 and 13 — both at 4 p.m. in Berkner Hall. Inaugurated in 1959, the Pegram lectures bring distinguished scholars to the Laboratory to speak on topics of both scientific and general inter- D0870210 D3040110 est. Sponsored by Brookhaven Marivi Fernandez-Serra Adrian Gozar Science Associates, the lectures are free and open to the public. Adrian Gozar, an associate Visitors to the Lab age 16 and issue and scientific observations scientist in BNL’s Condensed over must bring a photo ID. about it. Matter Physics & Materials In his April 12 lecture, titled An experimental physicist, Science Department, and “Dark Energy: A Crisis for Fun- Stubbs’ interests include experi- three university scientists damental Physics,” Stubbs will mental tests of the foundations who use BNL’s facilities discuss the astrophysical observa- of gravitational physics, searches — Marivi Fernandez-Serra, tions that show that the current for dark matter, and observa- Denes Molnar and Feng picture of fundamental physics is tional cosmology. With a Ph.D. Yuan — have been chosen Denes Molnar far from complete. The discovery in physics from the University to receive five-year research in 1998 that the expansion of the of Washington (UW) in 1988, he grants under the DOE Early Adrian universe is accelerating presents worked at the University of Cali- Career Research Program. They Gozar physicists with a profound chal- fornia (UC), Berkeley, UC Santa are among 69 researchers from Adrian Gozar is lenge. According to the current Barbara, and UW before joining across the nation who will receive funded by the laws of physics, the expansion Harvard in 2003, where he was up to $85 million in funding Office of Basic Feng Yuan should be slowing down because named Physics Chair in 2007. under the American Recovery Energy Scienc- of the force of gravity. In fact, Stubbs’ numerous awards and Reinvestment Act. The new es for “Investigation of the role of Gozar will use specially de- it is expanding at an ever-faster include a 1993 R&D 100 Award program is designed to bolster the inhomogeneities and phase seg- signed optical spectroscopy and rate. A hypothetical force, known from R&D Magazine for inventing nation’s scientific workforce by regation on correlated electron nano-imaging techniques to as dark energy, is believed to be the MACHO camera digital imag- providing support to exceptional dynamics by optical spectroscopy probe materials at the scale of causing this expansion. ing system, used in the experi- researchers during their crucial and nano-imaging.” a nanometer, or a billionth of a This inability to understand mental search for dark matter. He early years, when many scientists The goal of Gozar’s research is meter. An understanding of the the expansion based on current was a Sloan Fellow 1993-95, and a do their most formative work. to understand the optical prop- structural properties of these ma- physics theory is known as the Packard Foundation Fellow, 1994- Under the program, univer- erties of correlated electronic terials as they transition between “dark energy” problem, and it 99. He received the 1996 National sity-based researchers will re- systems — systems that are on different phases is a crucial step is arguably the most pressing Academy of Sciences Award for ceive at least $150,000 per year the brink of several competing in determining if their function- open question in modern phys- Initiative in Research, then in to cover summer salary and instabilities, or phases. High-tem- al properties can be improved for ics. In his April 12 talk, Stubbs 1999 he became a Fellow of the research expenses. For research- perature superconductors and potential applications. will explain why the problem American Physical Society and ers based at DOE national colossal magnetoresistive oxides Gozar earned a B.S. and M.S. constitutes a crisis, with wide- a Centennial Fellow of the Mc- laboratories, grants will be at are examples of such systems. in physics from the University of reaching ramifications. Donnell Foundation. He was also least $500,000 per year to cover Gozar will investigate differences Bucharest, Romania, in 1997 and In the April 13 talk, titled honored with the NASA Achieve- year-round salary plus research in these materials at transitions 1998, respectively, and a Ph.D. “Searching for Novel Gravita- ment Medal, 2000, and the expenses. An overview of the between insulating, metallic and in physics from the University... tional Effects,” he will discuss Gruber Foundation Cosmology work of each winner follows: superconducting phases. See Early Career Grants on pg. 2 experiments that explore the Prize, 2007. — Diane Greenberg The Bulletin April 2, 2010 Hispanic Heritage Club Dr. Mow Shiah Lin Offers $500 Scholarships Scholarship Offered Safety: Making it Personal The BERA Hispanic Heritage Club is Applications are now being ac- “Personnel safety is personal,” accepting applications for five $500 cepted for the sixth Dr. Mow Shi- says Gerry Van Derlaske of scholarships for high-school seniors. ah Lin Scholarship, sponsored National Synchrotron Light Applicants should: Be a high by the Asian Pacific American Source II (NSLS-II). With these school senior graduating in 2010; Association (APAA) at BNL. The four words, Van Derlaske sums have a minimum 3.0 cumulative annual $1,000 scholarship was up his outlook on safety. GPA on a 4.0 scale (or equivalent); initiated to honor the late BNL Encounter Van Derlaske at be accepted by a college for fall scientist for whom it is named. large-group meetings or walk- 2010 classes to pursue a degree in In memory of Lin’s distin- ing through any of the director- science or engineering; be a Long guished research, achievements, ate’s 16 or so buildings and you Island resident attending Bellport, and inventions, the scholarship will hear a safety report, a safety Brentwood Union Free, Central is granted each year to an Asian tip, a safety warning, or a safety Islip, Longwood, Patchogue-Med- immigrant with a student visa story.
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