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1. General Introduction Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION Securing Andaman and Nicobar Islands India’s forward presence in the eastern Indian Ocean is enabled by the Andamanand Nicobar Islands. The island chain is therefore of immense strategic significance andits security is of India’s vital interest.The geographical configuration and the location of the island chain in the Bay of Bengal safeguards India’s eastern seaboard as well the approaches to the Indian Ocean from the east. Its proximity to the Southeast Asian region enables India to forge friendly relations with its Association of South East Asian Nations neighbours. The physical isolation and remoteness of the archipelago, however, make it vulnerable to conventional and non- conventional threats. At present, any possibility of a conventional threat to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands appears remote given India’s friendly ties with its Southeast and East Asian neighbours. Nevertheless, military intervention in the Indian Ocean by extra-regional powers remains a potential cause of concern. Meanwhile, non-conventional threats such as poaching of marine and forest resources, illegal migration, arms smuggling and natural disasters have been posing serious challenges to the internal security of the island chain. Steps to address these problems have been undertaken by the government, but the issues of remoteness, inadequate infrastructure, poor coordination among security agencies and pervasive underdevelopment create hurdles. Boosting the coastal security is therefore, important for securing the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Establishing Marine Police Operational Centre (hereafter MPOC) would augment the efforts of state marine police to boost the coastal security. Accordingly, MHA has sanctioned 10 MPOC under the coastal security scheme Phase – II for the UT of A&N Islands for strengthening the infrastructure and ensuring effective coastal security in the territorial waters. The coastal security at Hut Bay has to be improved systematically, appreciating its strategic location and importance. Hence, it is proposed to establish MPOC at Hut Bay, Little Andaman. Little Andaman Little Andamanis the southernmost island of the South Andaman District. It is separated by the Duncan Passage from the Andaman Island Group in the North and by the Ten Degree Channel from the Nicobar Island Group in the South. Situated approximately 120 km away from 1 Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman Port Blair, Little Andaman one of the three tehshils of South Andaman with 5 Gram Panchayats and 1 Panchayat Samiti.The geographical area of Little Andaman is 48 km long and 27 km wide and its land area is about 731.60 km2, of which the revenue area is 34.34 km2.It lies at the southern end of the Andaman archipelago. According to the Census 2011, Little Andaman has a population of 18823, comprising of 9964 Males and 8859 Females. The sex ratio (number of females/1000 males) is 889. Two aboriginal tribes, the Onges and Nicobarese are known to inhabit the Little Andaman Island. Hut Bay is the largest village in Little Andaman, with a total 2081 families. It has a population of 7075 comprising of 3757 Males and 3318 Females. 2. RATIONALE India’s coasts have always been vulnerable to anti-national activities.The physical proximity of India’s coasts to Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Gulf countries adds to its vulnerability. India has been facing cross-border terrorism for decades. However, over the years, with the increased deployment of security forces and surveillance equipment as well as the construction of fences, security along the land borders has been sufficiently tightened. On the other hand, security over the ocean domain with the sea routes remaining poorly guarded.A three tier coastal security ring all along our coast is provided by Marine Police, Indian CoastGuard and Indian Navy. The Government has initiated several measures to strengthen Coastal Security, which include improving surveillance mechanism and enhanced patrolling by following an integrated approach. Joint operational exercises are conducted on regular basis among Navy, Coast Guard, Coastal Police, Customs and others for security of the island territories. In view of these, the Deputy Superintendent of Police (PMF) on behalf of the Superintendent of Police has approached Zoological Survey of India, Port Blair by vide letter(199/PMF/HB/2017-18/156 dated 1st Feb 2018)to undertake REIA studies for the construction of MPOC at Hut Bay. Based on the submitted REIA proposal, Deputy Superindentent of Police (PMF) has accorded the administrative approval by vide letter 199/PMF/PHASE-II/HB/2017-18/858 dated 18th July 2018to conduct the REIA studies. 2 Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The primary objectives of thepresent study are: o To determine the ecological and environmental feasibility of the proposed area for Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman o To assess the faunal species composition of the proposed project area o To predict the impactsof the construction on the faunal components in the proposed project area 4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY o The study will provide baseline information of the faunal components of the proposed project area. o Data obtained from the present study will be useful to assess the impacts of the proposed Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman o The proposed survey will be a useful tool in devising effective and adaption-centric conservation and management of faunal communities in Hut Bay,Little Andaman. 5. STUDY AREA Project Site The proposed site encompasses an area of 0.50 ha situated at Hut Bay, Little Andaman Tehsil. The Google Earth imagery (4800 × 2295) is given in Figure 1. 3 Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman Figure 1. Google Earth Imagery of Hut Bay. Encircled area denotes the proposed project site 6. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT Project overview Strengthening of the coastal security apparatus in the country is a continuous process. A three-tier coastal security ring all along the coast is provided by Marine Police, Indian CoastGuard and Indian Navy. The Government has initiated several measures to strengthen Coastal Security, which include improving surveillance mechanism and enhanced patrolling by following an integrated approach. Joint operational exercises are conducted on regular basis among Navy, Coast Guard, Coastal Police, Customs and others for security of coastal areas including island territories. MHA has sanctioned 10 MPOC under the coastal security scheme Phase – II for the UT of A&N Islands for strengthening the infrastructure and ensuring effective coastal security in the territorial waters. The coastal security at Hut Bay has to be improved systematically, appreciating its strategic location and importance. Hence, it is proposed to establish MPOC at Hut Bay, Little Andaman. Proposed facilities The proposed construction of MPOC at Hut Bay is envisaged to augment the infrastructure for the Police Marine Force. 4 Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman Necessity of the Project Security at Hut Bay has to be improved systematically, appreciating its strategic location and importance. Despite several initiatives of the Government, intricate issues associated with remoteness, inadequate infrastructure and pervasive underdevelopment create hurdles in enhancing security. Establishing MPOC would help enhance security at Hut Bay. Types of the materials to be used Details of the materials required for the construction of MPOC at Hut Bayare summarized in Table 1.It is highly recommended that only the approved qualitybe used for the construction. Table 1. Required materials for the construction of MPOC, Hut Bay Sl. No. Materials 1 Stone Aggregate of sizes 2 Coarse sand (zone III), Pulverised Sand 3 Portland Cement 4 Twisted steel/ deformed bars 5 Paving Asphalt VG 10 of approved quality 6 Paving Asphalt of grade VG-30 of approved quality 7 Coal (steam) 8 Fine stand(Zone IV) 9 Diesel oil 10 Boulder 50-225 7. PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT ON LIKELIHOOD IMPACTS Evaluation of environmental characteristics of the project location The preliminary evaluation of the environmental characteristic within 10km radius of the proposed project site is summarized as under in Table 2. 5 Construction of Marine Police Operational Centre at Hut Bay, Little Andaman Table 2. Evaluation of the environmental characteristics in the proposed project site as per MoEF & CC criteria Environmental characters within 10 Evaluation Sl. No. Remarks km radius of the project site Criteria 1. Is there a national park, sanctuary, NO No Protected Area is located in biosphere reserve or reserved forest in the proposed project area. the area? 2. Are any coral reefs in the area? NO No coral reefs are present in the proposed project area. 3. Are there mangroves/seagrass beds in NO No Mangroves/Seagrass beds are the area? present in the proposed area. 4. Are there significant areas of NO No breeding/spawning activities breeding/spawning grounds in the of wild animals found during the vicinity? survey. 5. Does the area form a part of migratory NO No migratory birds could be route or nesting grounds for aquatic and noticed in the project area during avifauna? the surveys. 6. Are there endangered species in the NO No endangered species could be area? found in the proposed project site during the surveys. 7. Does the area have religious, historic NO No areas of religious, historic places, archaeological monument sites and archeological importance etc. exist in the proposed area. 8. Does the project require land NO The land has been recorded in acquisition and resettlement? favour of Superindentent of Police. 9. Is there any defence installation in the NO No defence installations in the area? area. 10. Are there rivers/ streams/ seas/estuary? YES Andaman Sea is about 200 m from the proposed project site.
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