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The March of the Artificial Insemination in Iraq Ministry of Agriculture Directorate of Animal )1955 – 2014( Resources Department of Artificial Insemination

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The March of the Artificial Insemination in Iraq Ministry of Agriculture Directorate of Animal )1955 – 2014( Resources Department of Artificial Insemination The march of the artificial insemination in Iraq Ministry of Agriculture Directorate of Animal )1955 – 2014( Resources Department of Artificial Insemination Prepared by Dr. Musadaq D. Ali Faris F. I. Al-Shwkh Dr. Talal A. Abdulkareem Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan Karim I. Al-Badry Kamil F. Hurish Wedad I. Mustafa Mohammed J. Mhaimeed Omar A. Mohammed The march of the artificial insemination in Iraq )1955 – 2014( Prepared by Dr. Musadaq D. Ali Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh Dr. Talal A. Abdulkareem General Director Director Assistant Professor Directorate of Animal Resource Department of Artificial Insemination College of Agriculture University of Baghdad Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan Karim I. Al-Badry Kamil F. Hurish Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Consultant Vet. College of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Artificial Insemination University of Baghdad University of Baghdad Wedad I. Mustafa Mohammed J. Mhaimeed Omar A. Mohammed Consultant Vet. Consultant Vet. Agricultural Eng. Department of Artificial Department of Artificial Department of Artificial Insemination Insemination Insemination List of Contents Title Page No. Speech of Dr. Musadaq D. Ali 1 Speech of Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh 2 Names of the gentlemen who were responsible for managing the 3 Artificial Insemination Department Reality of the artificial insemination activity in Iraq 4 The Activity Structure 6 The productive aspect 6 The service aspect 6 Table (1). Artificial Insemination Centers operating in Baghdad and 9 other provinces Production Efficiency of the Artificial Insemination Department 10 Table (2). Production and sales of the main center at Abu-Ghraib 11 from frozen semen straws during 1991-2013 Table (3). Implementation rates of artificial insemination, 12 pregnancy detection and reproductive care for the entire provinces of Iraq during (1962-2013) The Artificial Insemination Department 14 Semen collection division 14 Production and manufacture of frozen semen straws division 14 Animal management and nutrition division 15 Animals health care division 16 Embryo transfer division 16 Liquid nitrogen production division 17 Administrative division 18 Artificial insemination division in Abu-Ghraib 18 Artificial insemination division in Al-Yusufiya 18 Artificial insemination division in Al-Mahmoudiya 19 Artificial insemination division in Dora 19 Artificial insemination division in Radhwaniya 19 Artificial insemination division in Taji 19 Artificial insemination division in Fudhaylia 19 Artificial insemination division in Rashidiya 20 Genetic resources division 20 Embryo Transfer Project in Iraq 21 Theses that have been implemented in the Artificial Insemination 28 Department, Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (1977 – 2014) Title Page No. Researches that have been implemented in the Artificial 32 Insemination Department, Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture )4172 – 7991( Researches that have been implemented in the Artificial 37 Insemination Department, Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture for the agricultural and veterinary Bachelor degree students Training courses and Meetings for Artificial Insemination 40 Department personnel outside of Iraq (1975-2012) Training courses for Artificial Insemination Department personnel 45 Inside of Iraq (2004-2013) Recent advances conducted at Artificial Insemination Department, 56 Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture during )2012-2014) Animal Resource is one of the important infrastructure for the agricultural sector of Iraq through its active role in improving the economic development and increasing national income in Iraq. The artificial insemination and what can it play a pivotal role in enhancing the livestock productivity in general and cows in particular has form over five decades the mainstay of this sector through the dissemination of superior genetic factors among the animals, and consequently increased animals productivity and owners income accordingly. The Directorate of Animal Resource has been since its inception to support the Department of Artificial Insemination and provided with all the elements of continuity and development. What has been achieved from the upsurge in its production and the evolution of its work and modern techniques introduced within the course of its production testament to the continued support for this sector. We, through this great process of artificial insemination in Iraq, which was previously other than the Arab and Middle East countries, we record our pride and thank God that we were who loll will intervene in the development and upgrading it. We are honored to offer through this book , the march of this great edifice in Iraq on the anniversary of its fifty establishment and the great scientific output of it and we hope that we live up to it and develop it more in the coming years toward the ranks of advanced countries in this area in line with the significant role it plays within the animal resource. Dr. Musadaq D. Ali General Director of Animal Resource Directorate Ministry of Agriculture 1 For more than six decades, and still artificial insemination technique in cattle stride confident and rapid in the world, where preceded other techniques, due to its great importance in bringing about the desired genetic improvement and ease of the procedure and lower cost. We are in Iraq and after the passage of five decades starting this technology, we are proud of what we have achieved an increase in the production of frozen semen straws and making of self-sufficiency in all provinces of Iraq with good conception and pregnancy rates and keep abreast of recent developments in this area. As we write in this book the lines of artificial insemination march in Iraq with all its signs of prosperity and deterioration, I am honored to extend my capacity as director of this department to thank and praise the great all those who contributed to the success of this large step in Iraq and sought in prosperity or put a brick in the great edifice. I am also pleased to extend my greater appreciation and gratitude for all set their beautiful imprint in the preparation of this book to remain as immortal radiant reminds the future posterity for what, researchers and pioneers made over many years. I also wish that I record my apologies for all of anonymity inadvertently disregarded in this book, but, they surely will remain in our hearts, we derive strength from them for the coming days. Our big ambitions to make us constantly strive to add new technologies and developed methods to our work towards increasing frozen semen straws and improve the quality of cooperation with all the scientific and academic related organizations. Mr. Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh Director of Artificial Insemination Department Directorate of Animal Resource Ministry of Agriculture 2 Names of the gentlemen who were responsible for managing the Artificial Insemination Department - In 1955-1969, the Artificial Insemination Department was a part of Cow Department headed by the Agricultural Engineer Sami A. Al-Kaseer. - In 1965, the Egyptian expert, Dr. Farooq El-Desoki was arrived to Iraq and continued its administration guidance of artificial insemination. The Department was as a Division managed by the Agricultural Engineer Mr. Abdul Jabbar Ali Khan. - Since 1969, many gentlemen have shared the responsibility of managing Artificial Insemination Department, as listed below, for the periods set out about all of them. Manager Name Degree Year From To Murtatha K. Al-Hakim PhD Reproductive 1969 1972 Physiology Hashim D. L. Muhsen B.SC. Veterinary 1972 1982 Medicine Jabbar A. R. Al-Rubei B.SC. Veterinary 1982 1983 Medicine Adnan S. Al-Janabi PhD Surgery and 1983 1986 Obstetrics Aziz H. Y. Al-Lami M.SC. 1986 1988 Theriogenology Husam H. Al-Najar PhD Reproductive 1988 1991 Physiology Sabah B. M. Nazhat M.SC. 1991 1993 Theriogenology Jabbar W. A. Al-Ethawi M.SC. Animal 1993 1994 Breeding Basim A. T. Al-Samarai PhD Dairy Cattle 1994 1995 Management Mahmood S.K. Al-Karagoli M.SC. Surgery and 1995 1996 Obstetrics Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh M.SC. Reproductive 1996 Continuous Physiology 3 Reality of the artificial insemination activity in Iraq The livestock animals in Iraq earned some characteristics referred to their adoptability to the climatic conditions, their acceptability to the actual management conditions like bad housing and poor nutrition and veterinary care as well as to their resistance to endemic diseases. These animals also have low productive traits when compared with the other original breeds. Therefore, since 1941, the livestock specialists design the plans to acquire the superior characteristics of the original breeds through cross breeding with local breeds to produce elite crossbred individuals. This would consequently result in an appropriate productive efficiency and good quality products. During 1941, Iraq imported from Palestine four Friesian cows and two Friesian bulls to begin the cross breeding program with the local cows, followed by importing many other numbers of Friesian cows from other countries such the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, England and France in accompanies with imported other breeds in limited numbers like Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, Brown Swiss, Charolais, Brahman, Limousine and Simmental. However, the program continued to focus on cross breeding of Friesian breed with local breeds, Janoubi and Karadi in particular, with no indication of cross breeding with Sharabi and Ristaki. The Breeding Stations pertaining to the State Organization
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