Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254

May 2009

India: North Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)— CMC

Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation

For the Government of Karnataka North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation, Government of Karnataka

North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

Package II – Tranche II Sub-Projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

May 2009

Span Consultants Private Limited NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche I Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

ACRONYMS ADB : Asian Development Bank ASI : Archeological Survey of ASP : Activated Sludge Process BM : Bituminous Macadam CMC : City Municipal Council DI : Ductile Iron DoEEF : Department of Ecology, Environment and Forests EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plan FAL : Facultative Aerated Lagoon GI : Galvanized Iron GoI : Government of India GoK : Government of Karnataka HH : Households IA : Implementing Agency IEE : Initial Environmental Examination KSPCB : Karnataka State Pollution Control Board KUIDFC : Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Financial Corporation KUWS&DB : Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Drainage Board MLD : Million Litre per Day MoEF : Ministry of Environment and Forests MSL : Mean Sea Level MSS : Mix Seal Surface NKUSIP : North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program NOC : No Objection Certificate NOx : Oxides of Nitrogen OM : Operations Manual O&M : Operation and Maintenance PC : Program consultant PMU : Program Monitoring Unit PWD : Public Works Department SS : Suspended solids STP : Sewage Treatment Plant UGD : Underground Drainage WHO : World Health Organization WRDO : Water Resource Development Organization

KUIDFC SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Overview ...... 1 1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance ...... 1 1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination ...... 2 1.4 Scope of IEE study...... 3 1.5 Report Structure ...... 3 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS ...... 4 2.1 Goal of NKUSIP Investment Program ...... 4 2.2 Investment program Components ...... 4 2.3 Project Location ...... 4 2.4 Type of Project ...... 6 2.5 Need for the Project ...... 7 2.6 Existing Basic Infrastructure Facilities in Nippani CMC ...... 8 2.6.1 Water Supply system ...... 8 2.6.2 Slum-Existing infrastructure facilities ...... 10 2.7 Proposed Improvements for Nippani CMC ...... 14 2.7.1 Water Supply System ...... 14 2.7.2 Slum Improvement...... 16 2.8 Proposed schedule for implementation ...... 17 2.9 Investment Program Alternatives ...... 17 2.10 Investment Program Benefits ...... 17 3. ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION ...... 20 3.1 Physical Resources...... 20 3.1.1 Topography and Soils ...... 20 3.1.2 Atmosphere ...... 20 3.1.3 Surface Water and Ground Water ...... 21 3.1.4 Geology and Seismology ...... 21 3.2 Ecological Resources ...... 21 3.3 Economic Development ...... 22 3.3.1 Industries ...... 22 3.4 Social and Cultural Resources ...... 22 3.4.1 Population and Community ...... 22 3.4.2 Household size ...... 23 3.4.3 Sex Ratio ...... 23 3.4.4 Literacy Rate ...... 23 3.4.5 Education ...... 23 3.4.6 Occupation ...... 24 3.4.7 Work Force Participation Rate ...... 24 3.4.8 Existing Facilities ...... 25 3.4.9 Physical or Cultural heritage ...... 26 3.4.10 Land Use ...... 26 3.4.11 Significant Structures or sites ...... 26 4. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 27 4.1 Introduction ...... 27 4.2 Location Impacts ...... 27 4.3 Design Impacts...... 27 4.4 Construction Impacts ...... 28 4.5 Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Impacts ...... 28 4.6 Screening of potential environmental impacts ...... 28 KUIDFC i SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

5. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS ...... 45 5.1 Institutional Requirements ...... 45 5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plans ...... 50 6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION & INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 63 7. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...... 66 7.1 Findings...... 66 7.2 Recommendations ...... 66 8. CONCLUSIONS...... 67

List of Tables

Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components ...... 2 Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka ...... 7 Table 2.2: Sub-project components under Tranche 2 ...... 8 Table 2.3: Water Supply Overview ...... 9 Table 2.4: Slums in Nippani City ...... 11 Table-2.5: Existing Water Supply Condition...... 12 Table 2.6: Existing Community Toilets ...... 13 Table 2.7: Water supply components proposed for the improvement ...... 14 Table 2.8: Investment Program Alternatives ...... 17 Table 3.1: Overview of Nippani CMC ...... 22 Table 3.2: Trends of Population Density ...... 23 Table 3.3: Percentage distribution of population by age ...... 24 Table 3.4: Workforce Participation in 1991 ...... 24 Table 3.5: Percentage Distribution of Sample Population by Age and Occupation ...... 25 Table 3.6: Existing land Use (1996) ...... 26 Table 4.1: Screening of potential environmental impacts ...... 28 Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Water Supply Systems/Rehabilitation in Nippani city and Slums ...... 29 Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage system in Slums .. 36 Table 4.4: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Urban Drainage Up-gradation in Slums ...... 41 Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities...... 48 Table 5.2: Training Requirements (2009-2016) ...... 49 Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply Rehabilitation in Nippani City and Slums ...... 51 Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage system component in Slums ...... 54 Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for urban drainage up-gradation in Slums ...... 58 Table 5.6: Occupational Health Risks and Safety Plan for workers ...... 59 Table 5.7: Annual environmental cost estimate (2009) ...... 62 Table 6.1: Details of Public consultation for the NKUSIP components in Nippani ULB ...... 63 Table 6.2: Queries and Responses during Public consultation ...... 64

KUIDFC ii SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

List of Maps

Map 2.1: Karnataka, India and Belgaum District ...... 5 Map 2.2: Proposed Water Supply Coverage ...... 15

List of Figures

Fig. 2.1: City municipal Council, Nippani ...... 6 Fig. 2.2: View of Jawahar Reservoir Source ...... 9 Fig. 2.3: View of Vedaganga River source and Head works ...... 10 Fig. 2.4: Existing Water Treatment Plant at Nippani City ...... 10 Fig. 2.5: Ashraya Nagar Slum...... 12 Fig. 2.6: Andolan Nagar Slum ...... 12 Fig. 5.1: NKUSIP Implementing Organization Hierarchy ...... 47 Fig. 6.1: Public Consultation ...... 64

Appendices

Appendix 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist – Water Supply

KUIDFC iii SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank (ADB) assistance. Seven ULBs have been considered for the Package II – Belgaum under NKUSIP. They include Belgaum, , Nippani, Badami, Ilkal, Jamkhandi and Rabkavi-Banahatti ULBs. The poor infrastructure facilities and services such as water supply, sewerage and sanitation, storm water drainage, solid waste management and risk of infectious diseases in the project area forces NKUSIP to select Nippani ULB for improvement. The primary objective of NKUSIP is to promote economic development in North Karnataka through urban infrastructure provision, focusing on the improvement of environmental sanitation and public health through equitable distribution of urban basic services that are environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. This will also enhances the quality life of people.

2. The aim of Investment Program is to improve the environmental condition of urban areas. However, the proposed improvements of infrastructure facilities may exert certain adverse impacts on the natural environment during construction and Operation stages. Impacts during the construction stage are expected to be more severe than impacts during the operation phase, though for a short duration. However, the provision of sewage treatment plant may exert adverse impacts during the operation phase also, if due care is not taken. Most of the impacts are activity-specific. Nevertheless, if due care is taken during the construction phase, negative impacts due to investment Program will be far outweighed by positive impacts.

1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance

3. The environmental regulations and mandatory requirement for sub-components proposed for Nippani city are indicated in Table 1.1. The table indicates that as far as GoI and GoK Acts/Guidelines are concerned, the proposed Investment Programs do not need to go thorough environmental assessment process; however, as specified below, few sub-project components may require consent from Competent Authorities.

KUIDFC 1 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components Sector Sub- Applicability of Compliance Criteria component Act/Guidelines Sewerage Sewage The Water (Prevention & Consent for Establishment and Treatment Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Consent for Operation Sanitation Plant & 1978 from KSPCB All Sectors All Sub- The Environmental Policy and Categorization of sub- (Water components Operations Manual (OM) 20: project component into A, supply, urban Environmental Considerations B or C and developing drainage, in ADB Operation. required level of urban roads, environmental assessment slum up- Environmental Assessment for each component. gradation, Guidelines, 2003 non- municipal components- fire services, etc.)

4. According to ADB guidelines (2003), environmental assessment of a proposed project is at the initial/preparatory stages of Investment Program. As per the ADB Guidelines, the proposed project components are categorized into A, B or C category projects to establish the level of environmental assessment needed to address potential environmental impacts. It is understood from the IEE study that there are no significant potential environmental impacts from the proposed Investment Program. Therefore, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is not required for this development project (Category A is ruled out). However, the study reveals that there are less significant impacts of the project on the environment and are of short duration. Therefore, only Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is required (Category B is considered). Category ‘C’ is not applicable since IEE is required for the program components. Hence, IEE has been carried out with identification of potential impacts and necessary feasible mitigation measures with due importance given for sustainable environment.

1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination

5. The purpose of IEE in the urban improvement program sub-projects is to fulfill the ADB’s environmental assessment requirement for sector loans. Owing to the scale and KUIDFC 2 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

nature of the proposed infrastructure components and environmental profile of the NKUSIP sub-project towns, almost all Investment Program components are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. Therefore, as per the ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the subproject components proposed in Nippani city under NKUSIP are categorized as ‘B’ and accordingly, initial environmental examination (IEE) has been carried out.

1.4 Scope of IEE study

6. The IEE is one of the effective tools in the development project to implement the required development activities in an eco-friendly mode. The IEE report has been prepared based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys; no field environmental monitoring survey was conducted. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

1.5 Report Structure

7. This Report is framed with 8 Sections including this Introduction Chapter: 1. Introduction 2. Project Description 3. Environmental Description 4. Screening of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 5. Institutional requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plans 6. Public consultation and Information Disclosure 7. Findings and Recommendations 8. Conclusions

KUIDFC 3 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS

2.1 Goal of NKUSIP Investment Program

8. The lack/inadequacy of certain basic facilities along with poor quality of environment and life in northern part of Karnataka has forced North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) to be initiated. The developmental goal of NKUSIP is to provide financial assistance to ULBs for necessary basic facilities in Municipal Corporations and to facilitate economic growth in the surrounding areas. The goal of the NKUSIP is to enhance economic condition in ULBs through proper distribution of urban basic services that are eco-friendly, techno-feasible and operation sustainable.

2.2 Investment program Components

9. The goal of the NKUSIP is to enhance economic condition in ULBs through proper distribution of urban basic services that are eco-friendly, techno-feasible and operation sustainable. The Investment Program Components are listed below: i. Water supply ii. Sewerage and Sanitation iii. Storm water drainage (Urban Drainage) iv. Urban roads v. Poverty Alleviation (Slum infrastructure improvement) vi. Non-municipal infrastructure – Fire services, Lake Development and Tourism

2.3 Project Location

10. Nippani city is located at north-west of Belgaum district and is bound by Chikkodi city on the east, city of state on the west, city on the south and Maharashtra state on the north (Map 2.1). Geographically, Nippani city is located at 150 51’ N Latitude and 740 31’ E Longitude at an altitude of nearly 710m above MSL in the northern slope of Bellary nallah.

11. Nippani city is located along the Poona-Bangalore road (NH- 4). The Vedaganga River flows along the western boundary of the city. Nippani city is known for commercial activities and trading center for tobacco, sugarcane, ground nut and chilies.

KUIDFC 4 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

KARNATAKA INDIA

BELGAUM DISTRICT MAP

Map 2.1: Karnataka, India and Belgaum District

KUIDFC 5 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

12. The city is well connected by network of national and state highway. Poona-Bangalore National highway and Vengurla-Bagalkot State Highway connect Nippani with many cities and towns. Beside these roads, a network of major and minor roads leads to neighbouring village of the region. The nearest Railway Station is at Kolhapur, 40km from Nippani town. The Belgaum airport is at about 10km from the town. Karwar and Marmagoa are the nearest ports.

13. Nippani is the largest urban center in Chikkodi Taluka of Belgaum District. ’s population has increased from 51,624 in 1991 to 58,061 in 2001 and the population density increased from 5.24 sq. km in 1991 to 13.36 sq. km in 2001. Currently, the average population density is 4,346-persons/sq. km. The total number of households in the town is 11,038 in 2001. CMC’s population is projected to increase to 66,600 in 2011, 72,800 in 2015, 79,300 in 2021 and 90,900 in 2031.

14. Nippani and its surrounding villages are known for growing high quality tobacco, which is used for manufacturing beedis. Nippani town is associated with Jainism Nippani City Municipal Council is a Grade II municipality situated 74kms from the district head quarters – Belgaum (Fig. 2.1).

Fig. 2.1: City municipal Council, Nippani

2.4 Type of Project

15. The Project has been classified as service delivery typed project in which the project improves health and quality of life of the people living in the project towns by facilitating basic infrastructure facilities such as water supply, underground drainage (UGD) facility and storm water drainage.

KUIDFC 6 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

2.5 Need for the Project

16. Insufficient basic facilities and demand for the same due to increased population year by year and lack of proper technological systems in Nippani CMC have resulted in environmental pollution, poor sanitation and public health problems such as water borne diseases and other associated health risks. This condition demands for the proposed Investment Program component in Nippani ULB. As per the State of Environment Report (SOER), Dept. of Forest, Ecology & Environment, GoK, 2003, health risks are associated with the lack of safe water supply and sanitation facilities. The Table 2.1 presents the health status in Karnataka. Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka Year Gastroenteritis Cholera Leptospirosis Viral Hepatitis Typhoid Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal 1991 17455 691 747 16 -- -- 659 17 -- -- 1992 15262 608 402 14 -- -- 282 17 -- -- 1993 16206 855 424 13 -- -- 678 07 26047 01 1994 15932 325 304 10 -- -- 382 00 20349 00 1995 18645 396 532 38 -- -- 7146 01 10250 00 1996 22983 377 657 06 -- -- 1332 06 22221 12 1997 23665 361 714 10 67 02 1714 04 3880 05 1998 23881 501 434 02 01 00 3824 02 2435 00 1999 17743 126 134 03 54 02 4792 02 24356 01 2000 31132 265 354 03 03 01 3011 10 27210 00 2001 23893 198 342 01 68 07 5438 28 33346 06 2002 25218 146 384 00 27 00 4578 15 42936 02 Source: SOER, 2003

17. The structural components of the WS Scheme, sewerage and urban drainage components lie in the city area and most of distribution lines of the proposed project pass along the existing road tracks. The system uses the surface water through pumping. No forest is existing at source and along the distribution line: As a whole, the project does not fall in any restricted areas, wildlife national parks, and any other places where the law of the land prohibits any construction activities. In addition, the scale of human settlement or human lives affected because of project activities is quite insignificant.

KUIDFC 7 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

18. The Nippani ULB specific components of the program are given below: i) Water Supply ii) Sewerage and Sanitation iii) Urban Drainage (Storm Water Drainage) iv) Urban Roads v) Non-Municipal Infrastructure (Fire Services)

19. Out of the above components, those coming under Tranche 2 are given in Table 2.2. Table 2.2: Sub-project components under Tranche 2 Infrastructure Description - Subcomponents Location Components to be built under Tranche 2 Water supply system Rehabilitation and laying of Nippani City distribution lines; and Construction of Storage reservoir Slum Improvement Water supply rehabilitation Declared slums- Ashray Sewerage and sanitation-UGD and Nagar and Andolan Nagar Community toilets Urban drainage Urban roads Street lights

2.6 Existing Basic Infrastructure Facilities in Nippani CMC

2.6.1 Water Supply system

20. The sub project is designed to provide drinking water facilities to the communities of Nippani Municipality. Surface water source of the city is Jawahar reservoir and Vedaganga River. Quantity of present water supply is 2.27 MLD from Jawahar reservoir, 6.81 MLD from Vedaganga River and 0.21 MLD from local ground water sources such as bore wells fitted with power pumps (45 No.s) and hand pumps (10 No.s). The source Jawahar Dam receives water from nallah catchment area and capacity is 0.70 TMC. The total capacity of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is 6.82 MLD. Total quantity of water supply in Nippani city is 9.29 MLD. Per capita supply in normal season is 72 LPCD whereas in rainy season it is 90 LPCD (Fig. 2.2, Fig. 2.3 and Fig. 2.4). Duration of water supply is one hour for every alternate day per street. The total number of public fountains was found to be 40 and the total number of household connections at present is 6,867. In slum areas water supply is provided partially through public taps and household connections. Total area of the city is not covered by the distribution system. Frequent leakages are noticed in the network. The existing pipes

KUIDFC 8 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

are corroded and require replacement. Presently, water is supplied to the city by zone wise. Water Quality Monitoring 21. There is no regular schedule followed to test the physical, chemical and bacteriological tests of the raw water at the source. The turbidity of water is also not measured daily, at the treatment plants. There is no formal system of testing the samples of tap water for either the bacteriological quality or residual chlorine. At present, municipality supplied water quality is good and is potable. There is no complaint from local residents regarding the water quality. There is about 30 % of willingness of the households to pay monthly water tariff if sufficient water is supplied to their localities. Table 2.3: Water Supply Overview Total length of streets : 121.68 km G.T.S Bench Mark/ location : 603.04 m/ I.B., Nippani Total length of Distribution Network : 77.74 km Distribution Coverage in percentage : 63.88 % Total No of Households : 11,038 Total No of HSC’s : 6,904 Nos Total No of Non-domestic connections : 730 Total No of Commercial connections : 109 Nos Total No of Industrial connections : 11 Nos Total No of Public fountains : 1385 Nos Present Qty of Water supply from treatment plant : 6.81 MLD (tentative) Source: Concept Report

Fig. 2.2: View of Jawahar Reservoir Source

KUIDFC 9 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Fig. 2.3: View of Vedaganga River source and Head works

22. Existing water treatment plant: In the existing water treatment plant Cascade aerator, Inlet channels, Flash mixer, wash water tank and Flocculator are in working condition except for instrumentation, over hauling of filters & change of valves.

Fig. 2.4: Existing Water Treatment Plant at Nippani City

23. The structural components of the WS Schemes lie in the city area and most of distribution lines of the proposed project pass along the existing road tracks. The system uses the surface and ground water through pumping.

2.6.2 Slum-Existing infrastructure facilities

24. The Karnataka slum clearance board is responsible for notifying and upgrading slums and providing clearance and basic services to the urban poor residing in slums. The objective is to identify essential issues in service delivery in Nippani City and suggest methods for improving the services.

25. There are 4 declared and 5 undeclared slums in Nippani town. The total population in declared slum is 2164 and in undeclared slum population is around 370. While the

KUIDFC 10 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

declared slums located well within the city, have been provided with few basic infrastructures like electricity, water and roads but lack the sanitation facility. Household sanitation is almost absent in all the slums except in few. Community toilets are poorly maintained. The residents tend to defecate in the open due to lack of sanitation facilities & pay and use policy. Following table indicates slums with population and area. Table 2.4: Slums in Nippani City Sl No Area Population House holds Name of the slums Acres Nos Nos Declared Slums 1 Bheem Nagar 1.19 725 145 2 Ashray Nagar 3.00 147 27 3 Andolan Nagar 2.10 427 25 4 Pongeri Cross 2.29 865 173 Total (A) 8.58 2164 370 Undeclared Slums 1 Bhopadi galli - 6 2 2 Sambajinagar - 406 73 3 Jamadar Plot - 919 256 4 Bangi & Chamber galli - 561 99 5 Ves - - - Total (B) 1892 430 Total (A+B) 4056 800 Source: DPR-Slum Up-gradation, Nippani

26. Declared Slums – Ashraya Nagar Slum and Andolan Nagar Slum have been identified by KSCB for development of components on priority basis under this ADB assisted NKUSIP.

Ashrayanagar Slum 27. This declared slum has 18 roads 11 roads of which are asphalted and 7 roads are WBM roads. Here piped water supply exists with low pressure and frequency of water supply once in 3 days for 1 and half hour and also there are 5 Cisterns with bore well facility. Here 25 no.s of individual toilets exist and two community toilets are provided 2+2 seater for men and women without water supply. Another toilet (2+2 seater for men and women) for this slum is constructed near Shreenagar but, now it is used by only women. These toilets are not used in the evening as lighting facility is very poor, near Ashraya Nagar toilet is constructed but not in use for the last 12 years. Street light facility is not

KUIDFC 11 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

proper, so people need community toilets; improved water supply facility; street light facility and properly designed storm drain to avoid flooding.

Fig. 2.5: Ashraya Nagar Slum

Andolan Nagar Slum 28. This is a declared slum next to Ashraya Nagar slum near highway on Kolhapur side. In this slum there are 17 roads of which 5 roads are asphalt road 10 roads are WBM and one is Mud road with drains not fully covered. Here piped water supply exists with low pressure and frequency of supply once in 3 days for one and half hours and one power pump bore well with cistern exists. Here 2 community toilets exists (2+2 seater for men and women) but only one in use; other is old and damaged so it is not in use. People need another toilet, there are drains not properly cleaned and dirty water stagnated at some places. Street light facility exists with poor maintenance.

Fig. 2.6: Andolan Nagar Slum

Existing Conditions in Slums 29. A. Water supply: The slums are provided with Piped water supply on every third day for duration of 1-1.5 hours. Some households have house service connections; whereas maximum people collect the water from public stand posts. Table-2.5: Existing Water Supply Condition SL Slum Public Bore wells Remar No Stand With Borewell ks Post Power with Conditio n Water

Pump HP Supply Duration Duration Municipal

Frequency Frequency

KUIDFC 12 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Declared Slum 1 Ashray 6 Once Nagar 5 Yes 1 hr in Pressure - - - Slum Cistern three is low days 2 Andolan 1 (7.5 Once 16 Nagar HP Working 1 hr in Pressure 1 0 Yes Slum workin fair three is low Cistern g) days Source: DPR-Slum Up-gradation, Nippani

30. Under this programme, it is proposed to upgrade the water supply facility either by extending the water mains or providing adequate public stand posts.

31. B. Sewerage & Sanitation: In Nippani there is no underground sewerage system. Sanitation facility is very poor in the slums. Household sanitation is almost absent in all the slums except in few. Community toilets are poorly maintained and the residents tend to defecate in the open due to lack of sanitation facilities and improper upkeep of public conveniences. The Karnataka Slum Clearance Board has constructed Community Latrines in all the slums but is unused due to its pay & use policy. Many of the community latrines constructed and maintained by the CMC are without doors. Due to the poor maintenance of the toilets, residents tend to defecate in the open, causing nuisance in the surrounding area. The septic tanks are in very pathetic condition and the effluent is left to open drains. Table 2.6: Existing Community Toilets Sl Slum Community Treatme No Toilets House- nt Ladies Gents Condition hold Remarks & (No of (No of latrines Disposal Seats) Seats) Declared Slum Ashraya Community toilet Nagar Satisfactory Septic in use but not 1 2 2 Slum 25 tank sufficient for the people. Andolan Community toilets Nagar Septic in use but not Satisfactory Slum 2 2 12 tank sufficient for the

2 people. Not in use 2 2 Septic Community toilet (old) tank not in use as it is damaged. Source: DPR-Slum Up-gradation, Nippani

KUIDFC 13 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

32. Under this programme, it is proposed to lay sewer lines wherever possible. Where it is not feasible, it is proposed to install onsite treatment and disposal.

33. C. Roads and Drainage: At present all the declared slums have well connected roads and drains. The main roads are black topped and the internal roads are of cement concrete. Open drains of RCC pre-cast or masonry are provided on either side of the roads.

2.7 Proposed Improvements for Nippani CMC

2.7.1 Water Supply System

34. The sub project is designed to provide safe, adequate and reliable water facilities to the communities of Nippani Municipality. The main objective of this subcomponent is to improve the quality of source and ensure reliable water supply in terms of duration.

35. A sufficient quantity of water is available to the city at the present source. The main intention of the proposal is to remodel the existing distribution system, construct additional storage reservoirs, rehabilitate existing WTP and construct additional WTP to serve ultimate design period (2041), revamp and improve head works and provide improvements to mains. Table 2.7 presents the components included in the proposal. Table 2.7: Water supply components proposed for the improvement Sl. No. Components Jawahar dam: De-silting of dam u/s side Disposal and transport of silt from de-silting activities from Jawahar Dam – 1 Silt fences shall be used and sand piles shall be covered during monsoon season. Tarpaulins shall be used to cover silt when transported through trucks and disposed into approved landfill sites. Improvements in chemical dosing system – Probable impacts due to improper dosage of chemicals and their mitigations are provided under O & M Impacts in Table 4.2 (Row 4). Operation stage Monitoring, Training and safe 2 handling/storage procedures of chemicals for Occupational and consumer health is provided in Table 5.3 (Rows 5 to 7) and Table 5.6 – Occupational health Risks and Safety Plan. 3 Repair of filter controls 4 Replacement of clear water pump of 75 HP

5 Repairs and rehabilitation to clear water pumps Providing and constructing 3.25 MLD capacity treatment plant, including clear 6 water pumping arrangements & leak detection tests

KUIDFC 14 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Sl. No. Components

7 Installation of water hammer devices & rehabilitation of raw water pumping main

8 Providing & laying pure water pumping mains

9 Providing & Installing Bulk flow meters

10 Rehabilitation of existing distribution network

11 Rehabilitation of existing GLSR’s

12 Rehabilitation of existing ELSR’s

13 Additional distribution network Construction of Storage reservoirs (Land for storage reservoir is Government 14 owned vacant land with no resettlement issues). Source: Concept Report

Map 2.2: Proposed Water Supply Coverage

36. The distribution network is along the existing roads. No additional transmission line is proposed, as existing line will be used. No further difficulties in terrain and major crossings are found along the distribution lines. Existing Water Treatment Unit is used KUIDFC 15 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

to tap water from the source. For other pumping sources, treatment unit is not proposed. Existing Water Treatment Unit is used to tap water from the source. For other pumping sources, treatment unit is not proposed. At present, municipality supplied water quality is good and is potable. There is no complaint from local residents regarding the water quality.

2.7.2 Slum Improvement

37. KSCB and Nippani CMC are responsible for improving and upgrading the quality of slums in Nippani. They undertake the programmes and projects for providing infrastructure facilities in slums under different schemes.

38. As per the inspection of slums and as proposed in CLIP reports, it is proposed to upgrade existing roads, drains, UGD, water supply distribution and streetlights on priority basis. The following proposals are made for up gradation of Slums:

Ashrayanagar Slum: i) Water Supply: Providing and laying of Distribution Pipeline (PE-10 Pipes) for 560 mts including public stand posts of required 10 nos. ii) Sewerage and Sanitation: Providing and Laying Underground drainage network of 492 mts iii) Urban Roads: Providing Metaling and Asphalting to the roads of 350 mts and rehabilitating the existing asphalt road for a length of 335 mts. iv) Urban drains: Providing SSM drains at the start of Ashraya Nagar and at the dead end of Andolan Nagar slum for 90 mtr, and providing secondary drains in the lanes for a length of 305 mts. v) Community Toilets: Proposed to Construct a Community Toilet (5 seater) vi) Streetlights: Providing 18 no.s streetlights with CLF fittings at road junctions and near the public stand posts and community toilets.

Andolan Nagar Slum:

i) Community Toilets: Proposed to Construct one Community Toilet (5 seater)

KUIDFC 16 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

2.8 Proposed schedule for implementation

39. Implementation of the program is scheduled to be within a period of 6 years (FY 2009- 10 to FY 2015-16) as directed by KUIDFC. Program works to be completed during this period include strict scheduling, monitoring and implementation on site.

2.9 Investment Program Alternatives

40. The environmental feasibility/suitability of proposed components of the Investment Program has been studied based on the location and process/technology for the components. The interaction and the level of interference with the surrounding land use pattern determine the environmental sustainability of the Investment Program components. However, the investment Program components are mostly location specific. Proposed improvements will be considered on priority basis for the slums discussed above.

41. The environmental feasibility of the selected alternatives for the proposed Investment Program components are given below: Table 2.8: Investment Program Alternatives

Sub-Component Suitability of Selected Alternatives Water Supply The best alternative for water supply is to design the system based on gravity. However, due to topography and required pressure at the end, the system is designed as partly gravity and partly pumping. Sewerage System The best alternative for the sewerage system is to design the system based on Gravity flow. The proposed gravity system will be simple in operation and require less manpower and importantly does not require energy. The natural gravity is utilized to run the system. Pumping stations are proposed wherever gravity flow method is not possible for the system. Urban Drainage The best alternative for storm water drainage is to follow gravity flow method.

2.10 Investment Program Benefits

42. Inadequacy and lack of basic infrastructure facilities and their adverse impacts on the environment, human health and socio-economic status can be overcome by safe, adequate and proper water supply, underground sewerage system/sanitation facilities, which will be provided by NKUSIP to the communities (beneficiaries) of Nippani ULB.

KUIDFC 17 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

The Investment Program benefits of water supply component and slum improvement component are provided below:

A. Water Supply System Improvements for Nippani city including slums • Availability of potable drinking water to the local people (beneficiaries) • Reduced time and costs in accessing alternative sources of water • Proper distribution of potable water to the beneficiaries • Reduced risk of water-borne diseases due to access to potable water supply

B. Sewerage System Improvements for slums • Avoidance of wastewater pollution at low-lying area • Avoidance of regular choking of drains • Avoidance of impact of flood in low-lying areas • Protection of the water ecosystem • Reduction in risks of ground water contamination • Blockage of sewage flow in open storm water drains and from stagnating sewage pools • Reduced risk of treated water supply contamination • Reduced risk of water-borne diseases and mosquito menace • Reduced health risks • Healthy and hygienic Environment • Improvement in public health quality with better sanitation

C. Urban Drainage Improvements for slums • Provision of Storm Water Drainage facilities • Avoidance of regular choking of drains • Prevention of road damage due to water flow from storm water drains • Reduction in localized flooding, particularly in low-lying areas • Reduction in long-term water logging condition • Reduced percolation or seepage of drain water including sewage into the ground water • Prevention of ground water pollution through increased run-off which dilutes concentration of pollutants • Protection of the water ecosystem

D. Other benefits

KUIDFC 18 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

• Improvement in quality of environment, social life and health in slums by providing facilities such as water supply, underground drainage, urban roads, urban drains, community toilets and street lights. • Enhancement in archaeological and historical values of the project place especially during important religious festivals • Increased Cultural Values due to assemblage of people from multicultural background, caste and ethnicity (characterized by its customs, traditions, culture, etc.) • Improvement in quality of life

KUIDFC 19 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

3. ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION

3.1 Physical Resources

43. Physical resources of the project area are described in brief in following paragraphs.

3.1.1 Topography and Soils

44. Nippani city is situated in Sylvan surroundings bounded by hills on all sides. The city situated on a comparatively undulating land. The overall ground slope is gradual and from south to North West. The maximum contour is 620 m near Shirguppi GLSR (U/S of Jawahar reservoir). The minimum ground level of 532 m is in APMC area. The black cotton soil is predominant in the region, which is fertile and congenial to the growth of tobacco, sugarcane, groundnut and chilli.

3.1.2 Atmosphere

3.1.2.1 Air Quality

45. At present, air quality in general is good but because of poor sanitation and open sewer drains air is unhealthy in the project area.

3.1.2.2 Climate

46. The project area falls under North interior Karnataka climatic zone. Nippani town falls under temperate, semi-arid with salubrious climate. The project area is characterized by hot summer and normal winter. Temperature, Rainfall and Wind Direction for the project area are given below:

3.1.2.3 Temperature

47. The average temperature in the city is a maximum of 41.50C during summer months and 10.30C during winter season. May to October months are considered as wet months while dry months are from November to March. The best weather is experienced in the months of November to January.

3.1.2.4 Rainfall

48. The rainy season is experienced from June to October. The average annual rainfall in this city is 762.00mm. The project area receives maximum rainfall of during the southwest monsoon in the month of July and August.

KUIDFC 20 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

3.1.2.5 Humidity

49. During rainy season, the humidity is more and varies between 78% and 95 %.

3.1.2.6 Wind Direction

50. The prevailing wind direction is from southwest. Local topography and slope largely influence the wind direction. The wind direction shifts to northeast during evening hours. The nearest IMD station is at Belgaum.

3.1.3 Surface Water and Ground Water

3.1.3.1 Surface Water

51. Nippani city is an old and important city having Jawahar reservoir and Vedaganga River.

3.1.3.2 Ground Water

52. Depth of ground water table in the city is 50mts in rainy and summer seasons (Source: CMC).

3.1.4 Geology and Seismology

53. The soil profile is with black cotton soil. The project area falls under zone III seismicity. The region is not prone to frequent earthquakes of high intensity. It is normally affected by mild tremors, not causing damage to life or property.

3.2 Ecological Resources

54. The sensitive and critical natural habitats such as national park, marine park, wildlife sanctuary, tiger reserve, elephant reserve, reserved forest, protested area and its buffer zone, declared special area for protecting biodiversity or wildlife habitat, estuarine area, coral reef, wet land or marshes or mangrove, cultural heritage sites, etc. were not found in the project area.

55. None of the rare and endangered species of flora and fauna were observed within and surroundings of project area.

KUIDFC 21 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

3.3 Economic Development

56. Agriculture is one of the main economic bases for the Nippani town. High quality of tobacco makes the town famous as it is exported to many parts of the country. Few units of oil mills also exist in the town. It has APMC yard that caters products to the surrounding towns and villages. The products include cotton, paddy and oily seeds. Due to good connectivity by roads with other parts of the region, Nippani has become a focal point for trade and commerce.

3.3.1 Industries

57. There is an industrial estate 3 km from the town on Jatrat road. There is also a proposal of acquiring land near Kanganolli Village towards kolhapur for developing more industrial units. Not many industries were observed in the project area except small- scale industries.

3.4 Social and Cultural Resources

3.4.1 Population and Community

58. The population of Nippani city as per 2001 census is 58,061. The population density has declined drastically from 9,852 persons per sq. km in 1991 to 4,346 persons per sq. km in 2001. This decrease in the population density is attributed to the increased area under CMC’s jurisdiction for providing urban services. In 1991, CMC area was only 5.24 sq. km and in the following years, the figure increased to 13.36 sq. km. This indicates that CMC is trying to enhance its potential of providing services to more areas covering more population. In other words, it can be said that CMC is trying to decongest the densely populated old areas of Nippani city. Table 3.1: Overview of Nippani CMC Area : 13.36 Sq.km Status : Second Grade Municipality No of Wards : 31 Length of streets : 121.68 km Population in (2001) and 2007 : 58,081 & 63,638 Population (2011) : 69,030 Intermediate Year population (2026) : 85,520 Ultimate Year Population (2041) : 1,04,047 Source: CLIP/Concept Reports

KUIDFC 22 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 3.2: Trends of Population Density Year Population Area Density Density Variation (No.s) (Sq. Km) (No.s/Sq. Km) (% Growth) 1991 51,624 5.24 9,852 - 2001 58,061 13.36 4,346 55.89 Source: Nippani CMC

3.4.2 Household size

59. The total number of households as per 2001 census is 11,038 and the average household size is 5.26, lower than the average national household size of 6.3 (Census 2001).

3.4.3 Sex Ratio

60. The current sex ratio in Nippani City is 989, which is higher than the district and State urban average figures of 948 and 940 respectively. In 1991, the sex ratio of the town was 983.

3.4.4 Literacy Rate

61. Literacy (percentage of literate population above 6 years of age) rate is 80.91% as per 2001 census. The male and female literacy rates were 90.26% and 71.58%, respectively. The increased literacy rate is due to the nearness of the town to the big cities such as Belgaum (Karnataka) and Kolhapur (Maharashtra), where a wide variety of educational institutions are there.

62. According to the Survey, the town’s literacy level is very high, with only 3% illiteracy. Results of the analysis show male literacy (99%) higher than female literacy (97%). Both the values are higher than the Census 2001 values of male and female literacy for Nippani town (90% and 72% respectively, as mentioned above. Total literacy level was recorded as substantially higher among the sample population (97%) than the Census 2001 figure at 81% of the town.

3.4.5 Education

63. Levels of education among sample population by age group are presented in the Table 3.2. The educational attainment of the population in Nippani (excluding the urban poor) is high, indicating a positive attitude towards education and the perceived benefits emanating from it. It also indicates relatively high affordability.

KUIDFC 23 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 3.3: Percentage distribution of population by age Age Group Illiterate Primary Secondary Graduate Professional M F M F M F M F M F 0-6Yrs - 1 ------6-14Yrs - - 5 1 1 2 - - - - 14-25yrs 1 - - - 9 8 5 4 - 1 25-60yrs - 2 - 2 7 15 16 6 12 2 Total 1 3 5 3 17 25 21 10 12 3 Source: CLIP Report

3.4.6 Occupation

64. Main occupation is agriculture. Secondary occupation is business. Business mainly includes the occupation of beedi rolling/making (household industry) and oil extraction while the other services include working in private sugar factory.

3.4.7 Work Force Participation Rate

65. The workforce participation rate was 35.95% (1991 census). About 48% of the total workforce was engaged in tertiary sector followed by 40% in secondary and remaining was engaged in primary sector. This indicates that people are more engaged in trade and commerce followed by manufacturing and processing industries. The details of the workforce participation rate for 1991 are indicated in the following Table. Table 3.4: Workforce Participation in 1991 Description Persons (No.s) Distribution (%) Primary Sector Cultivators 1,131 6.21 Agricultural labourers 580 3.19 Livestock, Fishing 112 0.62 Mining & Quarrying 83 0.46 Sub-Total 1,906 Secondary Sector Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing & 860 4.73 Repairs in Household Industry Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing & 5,904 32.44 Repairs in other than Household Industry Construction 659 3.62 Sub-Total 7,423 Tertiary Sector Trade & Commerce 4,812 26.44 Transport 1,286 7.07 Other Services 2,773 15.24 Sub-Total 8,871 Total 18,200 100.00 Source: District Hand Book

KUIDFC 24 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

66. The male workforce participation (71.11%) was more than the female workforce participation (28.89%). The male workforce participation rate of Nippani town is lower than the state figure of 80.41% whereas the female workforce participation rate is higher than the state figure of 19.59%.

67. Unemployment was found rather high among the sample population in Nippani, with non-workers comprising 66.0%, accounting for a dependency ratio of 1:1:97 for sample households. About 63% of the surveyed population in the age group of 14-60 years in Nippani is unemployed. Segregated by sex, 33% of males and 99% of females in the age group of 14-60 years are not employed. Table 3.5: Percentage Distribution of Sample Population by Age and Occupation Age Non-Workers Service Business Professionals Gro M F M F M F M F up 0-6Yrs - 1 ------6-14Yrs 6 3 ------14-25yrs 14 13 - - 1 - - - 25-60yrs 2 27 7 - 17 - 8 1 Total 22 44 7 0 18 0 8 1 Source: CLIP Report

68. From the above Table 3.5 it can be understood that percentage of male population involved in business sector was high (18%, percentage to the total population), followed by population involved in professional and other services (working in private Sugar factory). Female employment levels were found to be extremely low with female participation rate at 2%, a value much below male participation rate at 98%. This may be due to the lack of viable employment opportunities for women in the town and partly due to the socio-cultural milieu in the town. Women from lower and middle-income group households rarely work.

3.4.8 Existing Facilities

3.4.8.1 Health facilities

69. One government hospital and about 50 private health centers (major numbers of Ayurvedic practices) were observed within CMC limits.

KUIDFC 25 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

3.4.8.2 Education facilities

70. One government school and several private schools; and pre-university college and Degree Colleges were noticed in the project area.

3.4.9 Physical or Cultural heritage

71. No physical or cultural heritage was observed in the municipality limits.

3.4.10 Land Use

72. According to ODP, Nippani Town had 338.82 Ha of developed area used for various purposes and about 68Ha of land was in the form of either vacant, agriculture and water bodies. The existing land use pattern of Nippani town has developed area of 338.82 Ha. The Table below presents existing land use in Nippani CMC. Table 3.6: Existing land Use (1996) Land Use Area (Ha) Distribution (%) Residential 165.78 48.93 Commercial 45.34 13.38 Industrial 6.00 1.77 Recreational 12.78 3.77 Public & Semi-public 19.20 5.67 Circulation 89.72 26.48 Developed Area 338.82 100.00 Agricultural 20.75 Other than Vacant land 44.93 Water Bodies 2.50 Total Area 407.00 Source: ODP 73. The general land use pattern along the distribution line is comprised of residential areas and commercial areas with business activities with medium density population.

3.4.11 Significant Structures or sites

74. Historically, Nippani is associated with Jainism. It has two important Jain temples. Tavandi (Stavandi), which is 5km from Nippani, has four jain temples. Nippani is famous for the huge idol of Brahmadev and well-known architectural temple Padmavathi temple (near main road and the Thirth temple). A fair is organized in the month of January on the night of Amavasya.

KUIDFC 26 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

4. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

75. Urban development projects may cause negative impacts upon environment in many different ways. The objective of this section is to identify those negative impacts that are contextually possible in the project under consideration and to suggest the required mitigation measures. The impacts anticipated from the proposed program may be on Physical, Biological, Socio-economical and Cultural environment. Nevertheless, it must be kept in mind that the impacts of project activities are not always negative, it may be positive as well. The attempt should be to minimize the negative impacts by applying necessary mitigation measures and to maximize the positive impacts. Based on the severity and extent of impacts, the impacts may be classified as high, medium and low. Care has been taken also to identify the prospects of positive impacts and of the measures that are likely to enhance the quality of the given environment. The environmental impacts of the Investment Program Components can be categorized into location impacts, design impacts, construction impacts and operation impacts.

4.2 Location Impacts

76. The environmental impacts associated with site selection and those involving loss/damage and/or encroachment of environmentally sensitive areas or archeological / cultural / historical/ paleontaological sites/monuments, etc. It also includes impacts on people- their livelihood or properties or any other related structures. The impacts may be direct or indirect on such environments/people by the developmental programs. No significant impacts can arise due to project location as the sites involving improvements in the Program components does not pass through/near any environmentally sensitive areas or any cultural/historical areas, etc.

4.3 Design Impacts

77. These are impacts due to Investment Program design including technology, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. These may arise due to design interference with other utilities in the same tranche, are considered to be of short duration and of negligible significance.

KUIDFC 27 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

4.4 Construction Impacts

78. Several types of short term/temporary negative impacts upon environment may happen during construction phase of the project, primarily due to negligent practices. Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers.

4.5 Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Impacts

79. Operation and Maintenance (O & M) impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility provided. They are routine management of operational waste flow; occupational health and safety aspects.

4.6 Screening of potential environmental impacts

80. Screening of environmental impacts is based on the magnitude and duration of the impact. The magnitude of the impact may be negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree and impact duration may be temporary/ permanent (Table 4.1). Table 4.1: Screening of potential environmental impacts Duration of Impact Magnitude (Degree of Impacts) Negligible (N) Moderate (M) Severe (S) Temporary (T) N/T M/T S/T Permanent (P) N/P M/P S/P

81. The tables (Table 4.1, Table 4.2 and Table 4.3) present the magnitude and duration of all four types of possible potential environmental impacts along with required mitigation measures for the proposed components of Nippani ULB under NKUSIP. No significant impacts are anticipated from program components during construction and operation since the pipelines and areas of improvement are not passing through any environmentally sensitive areas. The program components will have negligible/moderate and temporary impacts, which can be mitigated by proper environment friendly measures.

KUIDFC 28 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Water Supply Systems/Rehabilitation in Nippani city and Slums Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Location and Design impacts Since the location of N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. rehabilitation works will be at existing facilities, and the existing environment is not a sensitive environment, location- specific impacts are insignificant. The abstraction of water from Jawahar Reservoir and River ULB N/a Water use conflicts Vedaganga is only during surplus months of monsoon; hence may occur with drawing of water will not have any impact on downstream downstream users; N/P (during dry seasons) water users during dry seasons. particularly in dry season months.

Since the location of N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. rehabilitation works will be at existing facilities, and the existing environment is a built environment, design-specific impacts are very less. Disposal and transport M/T Silt fences shall be used and sand piles shall be covered during ULB/Design N/a of silt from de-silting monsoon season. Tarpaulins shall be used to cover silt when Consultant activities from Jawahar transported through trucks and disposed into approved landfill Dam sites. The increase in water S/P Sanitation facilities will be improved to accommodate increase ULB/Design N/a

KUIDFC 29 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing supply will increase in water use including household latrines, public toilets and Consultant wastewater levels. sludge drying areas. Increased waste water Sanitation system will be improved to accommodate increased ULB/Design N/a caused by the increase S/P water supply including new toilets, septic tank cleaning service, Consultant in water supply and sludge drying areas Resettement Plan will be prepared for infrastructure sited on ULB/Design Part of Loss of land and other private land. Any future land acquisition to be addressed in Consultant Consultancy cost N/T properties Resettlement Plan in accordance with Resettelement Framework. Construction Impacts – intake and transmission lines, storage tanks, treatment plants and distribution lines Additional amounts of N/T Soil shall be beneficially used in construction or infill Contractor Part of waste soil due to Construction Cost. trenching Siltation of surrounding N/T Silt fences shall be used and sand piles shall be covered during Contractor Part of drains and water monsoon season. Also tarpaulins shall be used to cover dry soil Construction Cost. when carried on trucks. Backfilling of excavated trenches shall be done immediately after work is completed. N/T Contractor Part of Impact on topography Construction activities will be avoided steep slopes and Construction Cost. and slope stability landslide prone areas.

N/T Contractor Part of Disposal of excavated Excessive excavated materials will be disposed at disignated Construction Cost. materials area

N/T Adequate dry flow (environmental flow) will be released Contractor Part of Effects on hydrlogy downstream as per government requirements (if exist) and to Construction Cost. and sedimentation ensure no impacts on downstream ecosystems. N/T Where sites/camps are set up, the contractor will see that proper Contractor Part of Environmental impacts sanitation (toilets, solid waste management) systems are in Construction Cost. from construction place; potable drinking water will be provided; kerosene will be worker camps provided at reduced rates for cooking; gambling, liquor and

KUIDFC 30 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing illicit relationships banned. Contractor will be required (as per his contract) to ensure clean-up of site back to original, pre- project condition. Trenching could M/T Location of infrastructure will be confirmed to avoid these Contractor Part of damage other sites. Construction Cost. infrastructure Inconvenience to M/T During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways shall Contractor Part of access business, be provided along the construction areas for the public to construction cost. residential and other The access for business access their requirements for residential, shopping and other immediate facilities for and other facilities along facilities. the public and impact the proposed pipe laying on livelihood due to areas will be disturbed Will compensate any business losses as per the Resettlement loss of access to during construction Framework. Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of business. period. soil. Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench. Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance. Inconvenience to M/T Provision of planks is required to maintain access business. Contractor Part of public during pipe Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are construction costs laying along thick Reduced pedestrian and temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures commercial areas and vehicle access to must be followed as per Resettlement framework. narrow streets; where residences and public facilities are businesses Construction should be expedited in the least time frame. located. Activities requiring maximum access control should be done during non-peak hours.

Excavation along the road shall be done in such a way that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time.

KUIDFC 31 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate signboards. Traffic disturbance and N/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of road blocking due to blockages. construction costs laying of water supply The proposed network network and vehicle will be laid in the Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate movement for presently unserved these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be construction activities; fringe and extension appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of inconvenience to the areas. As these areas are construction site management plan, which will address these local community. not densely populated issues. areas the impacts due to construction activities Work shall be planned with town authorities. Work shall be may not be significant. carried out when traffic is light. It will be ensured that police Traffic Management provide traffic diversions whenever necessary. Workforce shall Plan for the construction be increased to finish this work quickly. phase has to be prepared for rerouting and avoiding slow movement of vehicles. Trucks removing waste N/T Routes shall be planned to avoid narrow streets, congested Contractor Part of could disrupt traffic roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism Construction Cost. and vibration could sites. Work shall be planned to avoid peak traffic, main tourism damage fragile season. buildings Dust and noise from N/T The practices such as spraying of water to arrest dust shall be Contractor Part of construction activities. employed. All equipments used in construction activities shall Construction Cost. Due to dry climatic comply with CPCB noise emission norms. . Impact on air quality condition the dust due to dust from waste generation may be Waste soil shall be removed quickly, stockpiles shall be soil and imported sand considerable. covered with tarpaulins and/or water shall be sprinkled to avoid

KUIDFC 32 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing dust pollution. Sand shall be brought (for backfill) to site when Major noise generating needed. activities such as rock blasting and use of heavy noise generating equipment is not envisaged. Improper disposal of M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste disposal Contractor Part of Bituminous waste sites. construction costs People will be N/T Contractor Part of inconvenienced and Construction Cost. Work program shall be planned to keep shutdown to minimum. their health may be at Alternative water will be provided to affected residents. risk if water supply Communities will be informed for any shutdown in advance system is shut down for long period N/T Buildings at risk shall be identified from vibration damage and Contractor Part of Using of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles shall be avoided Construction Cost. Sites of social/cultural nearby. Waste will be removed quickly, stockpiles will be importance (schools, covered/sprayed, sand will be imported only when needed, hospitals, temples, soil/sand on trucks will be covered. Workforce will be tourism sites) may be increased to finish work quickly. Planks/walkways will be disturbed by noise, provided to allow access (people/vehicles). Relevant dust, vibration and authorities, custodians of buildings and local people will be impeded access consulted to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times. No construction at night and early morning hours. Public will be notified of any loud noise and vibrations Improper handling of N/T Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than Contractor Part of excess soil water bodies Construction Cost. Workers and the public N/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and Contractor Part of are at risk from implemented that includes measures to: Construction Cost.

KUIDFC 33 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing accidents on site Exclude the public from all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment; Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and Keep accident reports and records Economic benefits if S/P Employment shall be provided to locals particularly affected Contractor Part of local people are persons identified in Resettlement Plans Construction Cost. employed in Contractor’s workforce O & M Impacts – intake and transmission lines, storage tanks, treatment plants and distribution lines Recurrence of blockage M/T The leak detection and water auditing surveys shall be ULB Part of O & M and leakage problems. The existing system conducted. The leak restoration time shall be minimized. Costs losses are around 25 %. Disposal of sludge and M/P Sludge will not be stored at site. It will be disposed ULB Part of O & M backwash from WTP immediately after collection. Sludge shall be covered over by Costs tarpaulins during transportation and disposed into approved landfill sites. System failure due to M/P Dedicated power supply feeder lines exist and hence no ULB Part of O & M lack/shortage of power alternate power arrangement is proposed. costs supply N/T Provision for safety measures; and Training of workers on ULB Part of O & M Occupational consumer proper dosing and safe handling of chemicals in water supply costs health and Safety of system and safety measures to be taken during workers and locals due accidents/emergencies. to improper dosing of chemicals into the Immediate action to neutralise the effects and immediate water supply system medical attention to affected, at emergency. Risk of contaminated S/T ULB Part of O & M H&S Plan shall be prepared and operated with same measures water in the distribution costs as used in construction phase system

KUIDFC 34 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing M/P Safe sludge handling methods shall be employed - Personal ULB Part of O & M protection equipment such as gloves, boots, shall be provided. costs Inadequate disposal of Any sludge produced will be dried, transported by trucks sludge from treatment covered with tarpaulin and delivered/disposed to the approved plants will cause landfill sites. Testing of sludge for contaminants will be done nuisances to public by government/government approved laboratories. If sludge health. found to contain alum or other contaminants after testing, it can be used for land filling. M/P Training for safe handling of Chlorine shall be provided. First ULB Part of O & M aid measures shall be introduced and posted in visible place for costs emergencies. An emergency wash sink will be included in the Unmanaged use of chlorination room. chlorine to cause health The storage, in-plant handling and dosages shall be addressed hazards to the workers and procedures set up and guidelines shall be developed for the and public. handling of chlorine (both bleaching powder and gaseous chlorine) and first aid measures shall be introduced for emergencies. Trainings shall be provided. Public health may not S/P ULB Part of O & M Campaigns shall be conducted to raise awareness of health and improve without costs environmental sanitation issues improved practices Shops may lose small M/P ULB Part of O & M amounts of income if Shopkeepers shall be informed of work in advance; planks/ costs customers’ access is walkways shall be provided and request shall be made to police impeded by network to divert traffic if necessary. repair works

KUIDFC 35 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage system in Slums Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing Location & Design Impacts Impacts on existing M/P UGD pipes will be placed 1.5 m below water supply pipelines to ULB Part of Design utilities such as water avoid contamination of potable water. costs supply pipes and contamination of potable water Nuisance due to leakage N/P Regular maintenance will nullify the impact. Usage of ULB Part of Design / overflowing/over appropriate maintenance equipment would substantially reduce costs flooding of sewers. the maintenance time. Construction Impacts Sewerage Network and Trunk Sewer Waste soil due to M/P As above: Waste soil shall be beneficially used in construction, Contractor Part of trenching land raising and infilling of excavated areas construction cost Waste soil may create M/T As above: Waste soil shall be removed as soon as it is excavated Contractor Part of dust when stored or As above: Soil shall be covered with tarpaulins on trucks construction cost transported Stored soil shall be covered or damped down in dry weather Damage other S/P Location of infrastructure shall be confirmed before the Contractor Part of infrastructure due to commencement of trenching work or these sites shall be construction cost trenching avoided Water and sewer pipes on opposite sides of roads shall be located. Disturbance to road M/T Subprojects shall be integrated to conduct trenching at same Contractor Part of users or public due to time construction cost repeated trenching Inconvenience to access M/T During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways shall Contractor Part of construction business, residential and be provided along the construction areas for the public to access cost. other immediate The access for business their requirements for residential, shopping and other facilities.

KUIDFC 36 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing facilities for the public and other facilities along Provision of planks is required to maintain access business. and impact on the proposed sewer lining Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are livelihood (shop areas will be disturbed temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures owners/keepers) due to during construction must be followed as per Resettlement framework. loss of access to period. Will compensate any business losses as per the Resettlement business. Framework. • Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil. • Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench. • Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. • Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance Inconvenience to public M/T Construction shall be expedited in the least time frame. Contractor Part of during trenching and Activities requiring maximum access control shall be done Construction Costs laying of sewer lines/ Reduced pedestrian and during non-peak hours. pipes along thick vehicle access to Excavation along the road shall be done in such a way that commercial areas and residences and businesses entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. narrow streets; where Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will public facilities are be implemented by providing adequate signboards. located. Nuisance due to dust M/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of construction and noise; road blocking blockages. In case of excavations for sewer lines in busy streets costs due to laying of sewer Dust generation may be such as central areas of the town (market area, old town area), network; and, increased significant as the dry adequate arrangements for traffic diversion including prior traffic flow due to weather condition intimation and by erecting proper signboard shall be provided. vehicle movement for prevails in the town. Considering the market and dense residential areas in the core construction activities. town area, preparation of construction site management plan is necessary.

KUIDFC 37 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Traffic disturbance and M/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of construction road blocking due to blockages. costs laying of sewer network The proposed network Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate and vehicle movement will be laid in the these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be for construction presently unserved fringe appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of activities; and extension areas. As construction site management plan, which will address these inconvenience to the these areas are not issues. local community. densely populated areas Work shall be planned with town authorities. Work shall be the impacts due to carried out when traffic is light. It will be ensured that police Traffic disturbance due construction activities provide traffic diversions whenever necessary. Workforce shall to lack of space caused may not be significant. be increased to finish this work quickly. by placing/dumping of Traffic Management Plan soil on road and/or if for the construction phase sewers have to be has to be prepared for located in the road itself rerouting and avoiding slow movement of vehicles. Traffic disturbance and N/T Routes shall be planned to avoid narrow streets, congested Contractor Part of vibration due to trucks roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism sites. Construction Cost. removing waste and Work shall be planned to avoid peak traffic, main tourism may cause damage to season. fragile buildings Dust and noise from N/T The practices such as spraying of water to arrest dust shall be Contractor Part of construction activities. Due to dry climatic employed. All equipments used in construction activities shall Construction Cost. Impact on air quality condition the dust comply with CPCB noise emission norms. .

KUIDFC 38 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing due to dust from waste generation may be Waste soil shall be removed quickly, stockpiles shall be covered soil and imported sand considerable. with tarpaulins and/or water shall be sprinkled to avoid dust Part of construction Major noise generating pollution. Sand shall be brought (for backfill) to site when cost activities such as rock needed. blasting and use of heavy noise generating equipment are not envisaged. Improper disposal of M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste disposal Contractor Part of construction Bituminous waste sites. costs Improper handling of N/T Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than Contractor Part of excess soil water bodies Construction Cost. On site accident risks M/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and Contractor Part of for workers and the implemented that includes measures to: Construction Cost. public Exclude the public from all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment; Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and Keep accident reports and records Economic benefits if M/T As above: Employment shall be provided to locals particularly Contractor Part of local people are affected persons identified in Resettlement Plans-50% of Construction Cost. employed in workforce from affected communities Contractor’s workforce O & M Impacts Human health risks and M/T Sewer leaks shall be detected and repaired rapidly and ULB Part of O & M contamination of soil effectively costs and groundwater due to leaking sewers Nuisance due to N/P The suggested mitigation measures shall be implemented to ULB Part of O & M overflowing/choking of No major water bodies avoid chocking. costs

KUIDFC 39 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing sewers. and ground water are Sewer cleaning equipments shall be provided. very deep. However, nuisance shall be considered. Impact on business S/T • Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil. ULB Part of O & M income if customer’s • Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to costs access is impeded by cross trench. network repair works • Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. • Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance Mixing of Industrial M/P Waste water with Treatment process in the The rules and regulation will be strictly implemented to avoid KSPCB and ULB Part of O&M Cost sewage downstream will be mixing of industrial waste stream with sewage. significantly affected Health risk to the sewer workers due to toxic effluent and gases Economic benefits to M/P Workers should be residents of neighbouring areas ULB Part of O & M local people by project costs Health & Safety risks of M/T H&S Plan shall be prepared and operated with same measures Part of O & M workers and the public as used in construction phase ULB costs during repair work

KUIDFC 40 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 4.4: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Urban Drainage Up-gradation in Slums Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing Location Impacts No location impacts are N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. envisaged as the scale of activity is minimal Design Impacts No loss or N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. encroachment of cultural or historical properties is envisaged. No impacts are envisaged. Construction Impacts Improper disposal of silt M/T The silt and debris shall be extracted manually during cleaning; Contractor Part of and debris de-weeding and de-silting of drains; will be transported through Construction costs mini trucks immediately and disposed off at approved landfill sites or solid waste management site. Improper disposal of M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste disposal Contractor Part of construction Bituminous waste sites. costs Improper handling of M/P Waste/excess soil shall be used in construction, land raising and Contractor Part of excess soil - Excavation infilling of excavated areas Construction Cost. of trenches will produce Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than large amounts of waste water bodies. soil Dust pollution due to M/T Waste soil shall be removed as soon as it is excavated Contractor Part of excavation and removal Soil & sand shall be covered with tarpaulins when carried on Construction Cost. of waste soil; trucks importation and storage Sand shall be brought to site only when needed. of sand and other Stockpiles of loose material stored on site shall be covered or material sprayed.

KUIDFC 41 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing Damage to other S/P Location of water pipes, electricity pylons, etc., will be Design consultant Part of infrastructure due to determined and scheme will be designed to avoid damage Construction Cost. excavation Different infrastructure on opposite sides of road will be located. Inconvenience to access M/T During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways should Contractor Part of business, residential and be provided along the construction areas for the public to access Construction Costs other immediate The access for business their requirements for residential, shopping and other facilities. facilities for the public and other facilities along Provision of planks across trenches will be made to maintain and impact on the proposed urban drain access business. Business and homes must be given prior notice. livelihood (loss of areas will be disturbed If there are temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation income) due to loss of during construction procedures must be followed as per Resettlement framework. access to business. period. Work will be finished quickly by increasing workforce in these areas. Business people will be consulted and informed of work in advance. Inconvenience to public M/T Construction should be expedited in the least time frame. Contractor Part of during laying of storm Activities requiring maximum access control should be done Construction Costs water drainage lines Reduced pedestrian and during off-peak hours. along thick commercial vehicle access to Excavation along the road should be done in such a way that areas and narrow residences and businesses entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. streets; where public Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will facilities are located. be implemented by providing adequate signboards. Disturbance to traffic M/T Construction activities will be planned to have least impact on Contractor Part of due to storage of traffic during material storage. Construction costs construction This impact may be Proper traffic management plan has to be prepared prior to material/waste and insignificant/less as the starting of construction activities. material transport scale of activity is small. Soil, vehicles and machinery shall be kept off road when vehicles and other possible

KUIDFC 42 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing equipment at site and on Work will be conducted during light traffic. road It will be ensured that police provide warning signs/diversions whenever needed Workforce shall be increased to finish this work quickly

Disturbance to traffic in M/T Proper route planning shall be done to avoid narrow streets, town by vehicles en congested roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & route to and from site, tourism sites delivering materials or Work shall be properly planned to avoid peak traffic, removing waste particularly during main tourism season Sites of social/cultural M/T Buildings at risk from vibration damage will be identified and Contractor Part of importance (schools, usage of heavy vehicles nearby will be avoided. Construction costs hospitals, temples, As above: waste shall be quickly removed, stockpiles shall be tourism sites) may be covered/sprayed, sand shall be imported only when needed and disturbed by noise, dust, soil/sand on trucks shall be covered. vibration and impeded As above: workforce shall be increased to finish work quickly access As above: bridges/planks shall be provided to allow access (people/vehicles) Modern vehicles/machinery shall be used & maintained as specified Relevant authorities, custodians of buildings and local people shall be consulted to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times Risk of accidents to M/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and Contractor Part of workers and the public implemented that includes measures to: Construction costs on site - Exclude the public from site; - Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment - Provide Health & Safety Training for all personnel; - Follow documented procedures for all site activities;

KUIDFC 43 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing - Keep accident reports and records. Economic benefits if M/T Contractor should employ at least 50% of workforce from Part of local people are communities in vicinity of construction sites Construction costs Contractor employed in Contractor’s workforce O & M Impacts Silting and pollution of N/T Site clearance shall be ensured before termination of work. Contractor Part of water bodies due to non- Construction costs clearance of The silt and debris shall be extracted manually during cleaning; construction work site de-weeding and de-silting of drains; will be transported through mini trucks immediately and disposed off at approved landfill sites or solid waste management site. Negative impacts on M/T Drain cleaners will deposit material from blocked drains in O & M costs appearance & municipal waste storage bins deterioration of ULB environment, if material from drains is piled on adjacent land Health & Safety of M/T Prepare and operate H&S Plan with same measures as used in O & M costs workers and the public construction phase ULB could be at risk during repair work

KUIDFC 44 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

5. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS

5.1 Institutional Requirements

82. The institutional requirements for the proposed Investment Program are briefed in the following paragraphs.

Nodal Executing Agency (EA)

83. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the nodal executing agency responsible for implementing NKUSIP. Investment Program implementation activities will be monitored by KUIDFC through a separate Investment Program Management Unit (PMU), which will be set up within KUIDFC. The Managing Director/KUIDFC will head the PMU with the assistance of an Executive Director at the Regional Office of KUIDFC at Dharwad to oversee the Investment Program progress.

State level Empowered Committee 84. A state level empowered committee for investment program has been constituted with representatives from GoK and PMU of KUIDFC. The Executive Director from Dharwad will be reporting to this committee as and when required.

Implementing Agency (IA) 85. The ultimate implementation responsibility lies with ULB in co-ordination with various other Departments of GoK. The program components will be implemented by ULB reporting to Divisional Program Director. Implementation Agencies (IA) will oversee sub-project component implementation at the sub-project towns, where the Investment Program ULB will implement sub-project components. The investment Program Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in all of its responsible implementation activities and carry proof check of designs and quality check of construction activities.

86. Other than the above institutional set up, District Level Program Steering Committee will be set up in each district to monitor implementation of subprojects and institutional reforms. The organization hierarchy is presented in Fig. 5.1.

KUIDFC 45 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

87. The responsibility fulfilling environmental requirements of GoI/GoK and conducting required level of environmental assessment as per ADB guidelines lies with the borrowing ULB. The investment Program Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in this regard. The IEE/EIA reports prepared by ULB will be reviewed by the PMU as per the ADB Environmental Guidelines and forwarded to ADB for review and approval. In case of IEE reports, the ADB could delegate approval of IEE reports fully to the PMU after reviewing the first two reports. However, all the EIA reports shall be sent to ADB for approval. The mitigation measures identified through IEE/EIA-EMP are incorporated into the Investment Program cycle. Mitigation measures, which are implemented by the contractor, shall form part of the bidding and civil contract documents. The other mitigation measures are undertaken by the ULB itself or in assistance with Investment Program Consultants as specified in the IEE.

KUIDFC 46 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Fig. 5.1: NKUSIP Implementing Organization Hierarchy

KUIDFC 47 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities Investment Activity Particulars Responsible Program Phase Agency Design Phase Investment Program Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) / Initial Environmental Nippani ULB categorization Examination (IEE) for each subcomponents as per ADB Guidelines Review of REA/IEE and categorization of Investment Program (NKUSIP) as PMU A/B/C as per ADB Guidelines Environmental Assessment Carrying out IEE/EIA study based on the Investment Program categorization Investment (EA) Study Carrying out Public consultation and Information disclosure Program Preparation of SIEE/EIA Report Consultants Investment Program clearances Fulfilling GoK/GoI requirement such as clearances from concerned Govt. ULB Agencies Review of IEE/ EIA Review of IEE/EIA and SIEE/SEIA reports to ensure compliance of the PMU report as per ADB Guidelines and approval of the same Disclosure of SEIA/SIEE Information disclosure – SEIA/SIEE Reports to be made available to the ULB public, and on request IEE/EIA also to be made available. Incorporation of mitigation Incorporation of necessary mitigation measures identified in IEE/EIA in Investment measures into Investment Investment Program design and in contract documents Program Program design Consultants Review of design documents Review of design documents and contractual documents for compliance of PMU mitigation measures Construction Implementation of mitigation Implementation of necessary mitigation measures given in IEE/EIA Report Contractor Phase measures Environmental Monitoring Environmental monitoring as specified in Monitoring Plan during Investment Construction Phase and monitoring of implementation of mitigation Program measures Consultants Preparation of Progress Preparation of monthly progress reports to be submitted to PMU including a ULB in assistance Reports section on implementation of mitigation measures of Program Consultants (PC) Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Carrying out environmental monitoring as specified in Monitoring Plan ULB Compliance Monitoring Compliance Monitoring to review the environmental performance of sub- KSPCB project, if required and as specified in Monitoring Plan

KUIDFC 48 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Training Requirements 88. Program Consultants (PC) will be responsible for providing training to officials of PMU, ULB, Contractors and NGOs. PMU will be involved in the monitoring of Investment Program implementation whereas the ULB will implement the Investment program. The implementation of mitigation measures specified in IEE report is part of contractor’s responsibilities during construction. However, the responsibility lies on both contractor and supervisory staff to monitor the incorporation of mitigation measures in the Investment Program. Hence, considering the existing capabilities of the agencies involved in NKUSIP, the training program is very much essential for all the Investment Program officials. The table (Table 5.2) presents the suggested training program: Table 5.2: Training Requirements (2009-2016) Program Particulars Schedule Participants Program - 1 Orientation Program – 2 days • PMU officials Orientation involved in the • Investment Program Cycle of Program/ Investment NKUSIP Workshop for Program

Implementing • ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines and Executing • ULB officials

Agencies • EIA requirements of NKUSIP involved in the • National (Indian) Environmental Investment Laws and Regulations relating to Program urban infrastructure Investment implementation Program • Environmental impacts of urban infrastructure Investment Programs Environmental Assessment Process – • Investment Program categorization as per ADB • IEE/EIA process, Formats and Reports • Identification of Environmental Impacts • Identification of Mitigation Measures • Formulation of Environmental Management Plan • Implementation and Monitoring • Summary EIA/IEEs • Incorporation of mitigation measures in the Investment Program Design and Contracts Program - 2 Implementation of Mitigation Measures 1 day • Contractors Orientation involved in • Environment issues related to urban Program/ NKUSIP infrastructure Investment Programs Workshop for during construction • Supervisory staff KUIDFC 49 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Program Particulars Schedule Participants Contractors and • Implementation of mitigation involved in Supervisory measures NKUSIP Staff • Monitoring of mitigation measures Program – 3 Experiences/Best Practices in the 1day-every • PMU officials Experience alternative Investment Program- • ULB officials sharing year from • Local NGOs • Experiences during implementation of the mitigation measures of environmental commence concern in the Investment Program ment of • Best practices followed during Investment implementation program

5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plans

89. Monitoring is an essential and an integral part of the implementation of the proposed environmental mitigation measures. Environmental monitoring generates useful information and improves the quality of implementation of mitigation measures. Component specific Environmental Monitoring Plans for water supply rehabilitation for the entire ULB including proposed slums; and sewerage system and urban drainage system for slums are presented in Table 5.3, Table 5.4 and Table 5.5. This IEE and EMP are updated as per detailed design and any design changes. Occupational health risks and safety plan for workers are given in Table 5.6 and annual cost estimate is provided in Table 5.7.

KUIDFC 50 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply Rehabilitation in Nippani City and Slums Mitigation Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring Check for Construction related impacts N.A. Verification of contract documents One-off inspection before PMU and mitigation measures- signing of the contract

Incorporation of mitigation measures into the bidding and civil contract documents All designs of components include One time before final proper consideration of environment - Proposed designs of DSC design phase (i.e., water and air quality, noise pollution, etc.) One time before final Design of occupational safety measures - Proposed designs of DSC design phase Training programs for staff by As needed before and -- -- consultants during implementation Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation N.A. Verification of contract documents before One-off inspection of PMU measures; signing the contract contract document Construction site management plan to control dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks

Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents Implementation of EMP by contractor Construction Implementation of mitigation measures and Regular Contractor area monitoring plan

KUIDFC 51 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Responsibility Water Quality (BOD5, pH, Vedaganga One-time Contractor/ULB Temperature, COD, etc.) River/ Jawahar Water Quality testing River above and below intake points Implementation of Construction site Water supply Monitoring of air quality and noise is not Weekly CMC with the management plan: dust and noise pipe lines required. Ensure the implementation of assistance of nuisance at site; and traffic maintenance laying sites mitigation measures (usage of standard Investment and equipment complying with CPCB Noise Program Dust and noise nuisance and surroundings Standards for construction equipments); consultants disturbance to traffic Sensitive assess the situation through visual receptors, inspection and interviews with local people settlements Operation Stage Monitoring Disposal of sludge and backwash from WTP Sludge shall be covered over by tarpaulins Bi-annually WTP during transportation and disposed into approved landfill sites. Regular O&M water treatment facilities - Inspection of facilities Bi-annually Jawahar Reservoir and Checking water quality (BOD5, pH, Vedaganga Water quality testing methods Bi-annually Temperature, COD) River above and below intake point Parameters, location and Drinking frequency according to the Checking water quality (TSS, pH, water at taps Water quality testing methods National Drinking Water Temperature, BOD5, COD, E-coli) and Quality Standards and reservoirs Implementation Guidelines

KUIDFC 52 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Responsibility Residual chlorine is sufficient to assure Measured throughout the distribution the potability of water supply at the - network particularly at point furthest from Bi-annually household tap as well as to assure no the chlorination point. over chlorination. Training and operational supervision of - Survey of staff Bi-annually system staff Handling and dosages of chlrorine and - Treatment Plant Inspections Quarterly lime Check for blockage and leakage N.A. Percentage of water lost Yearly once Nippani ULB problems; reduction in water losses -

Effectiveness of leak detection and water flow auditing to reduce losses Check for health hazards due to sludge N.A. Health check for WTP staff Yearly once ULB handling-

Health status of WTP staff involved in sludge handling

KUIDFC 53 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage system component in Slums Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring Gas monitoring for sewage pipes - Sewer pipes Gas monitoring in the sewerage network Monthly once as part ULB with the assistance Adequate monitoring of gas may not be and Manholes of Plant operation of Program consultants possible due to distant manhole spacing. Manhole shall be designed considering worker/s safety. Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation N.A. Incorporation of mitigation measures in the One-off inspection of PMU measures; contract documents contract document

Construction site management plan to Verification of contract documents before control dust and noise nuisance, and signing the contract road blocks Implementation of Construction site Sewer laying Monitoring of air quality and noise is not Weekly Contractor and ULB with management plan: dust and noise sites and required. The implementation of mitigation the assistance of nuisance at site; and traffic surroundings measures (usage of standard equipment Investment Program maintenance complying with CPCB Noise Standards for consultants construction equipments) and assessment of the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people shall be ensured. Beneficial usage of waste soil All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ (construction, land raising, infill) PMU/ULB/PC Waste soil removal as soon as it is All sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ excavated PMU/ULB/PC Usage of tarpaulins to cover soil when All sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ transported on trucks PMU/ULB/PC Coverage or damping down stockpiled Inhabited areas Site observations Weekly Contractor/ soil in dry weather PMU/ULB/PC

KUIDFC 54 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility Conduction of all excavation work in All sites Site observations Monthly Contractor/ the dry season PMU/ULB/PC Leaving spaces for access between Network sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ mounds of soil PMU/ULB/PC Provision for planks/walkways to allow Network sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ people & vehicles to cross open PMU/ULB/PC trenches *Compensation for businesses for lost Where required Shopkeeper survey; LSGD record As needed Contractor/ income PMU/ULB/PC Increase of workforce in inhabited Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ areas to finish work quickly PMU/ULB/PC Advance information to shopkeepers Network sites Resident surveys; CC records Monthly Contractor/ and residents of work PMU/ULB/PC Confirmation of location of Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ infrastructure and avoid these sites PMU/ULB/PC Location of water and sewer pipes on Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ opposite sides of roads PMU/ULB/PC Integration of subprojects to conduct Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ trenching at same time PMU/ULB/PC Work conduction during light traffic Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC Ensuring that police provide traffic Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ diversions when required PMU/ULB/PC Proper planning for transport routes to Network sites Observations off site: CC record Weekly Contractor/ avoid narrow streets, important or PMU/ULB/PC fragile buildings, religious and tourism sites Proper planning of work to avoid peak Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ traffic and main festival/tourism season PMU/ULB/PC Avoidance of using pneumatic drills Network sites Site observations; CC records Weekly Contractor/

KUIDFC 55 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility near buildings at risk from vibration PMU/ULB/PC Usage of modern vehicles and All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ machinery and proper maintenance as PMU/ULB/PC specified Consultation with authorities, Network sites Site observations; CC records; resident Monthly Contractor/ custodians of buildings, communities surveys PMU/ULB/PC to address key issues and avoid working at sensitive times Preparation and implementation of a All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ site H&S Plan (safety of PMU/ULB/PC workers/public) Exclusion of public from the site All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC Ensuring that workers wear Personal All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ Protective Equipment PMU/ULB/PC Provision for Health and Safety All sites CC records; worker interviews Monthly Contractor/ training for all personnel PMU/ULB/PC Following of documented procedures All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ for all site activities PMU/ULB/PC Maintenance of accident reports and All sites CC records Monthly Contractor/ records PMU/ULB/PC Employ at least 50% of workforce All sites CC records; worker interviews Monthly Contractor/ from communities near sites PMU/ULB/PC Operation Stage Monitoring Potential for gas explosion in Pipes – Sewer pipes Gas monitoring in the sewerage network Monthly once as part ULB gas monitoring of Plant operation Odor emission control at Sewerage Sewer network Proper operation and Maintenance of the Regular/routine –daily ULB System Sewerage system. maintenance

• Frequent flushing or scraping.

KUIDFC 56 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility • Solid separation; keeping solid stockpiles dry and preferably covered or compost them.

Windbreaks to reduce airflow across lagoons. Detection and repairing of sewer leaks Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB rapidly and effectively Advance information of work to Network sites Resident surveys Monthly ULB shopkeepers and residents Provision of walkways/planks for Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB public and vehicles Requesting police to divert traffic if Network sites Site observations Monthly ULB necessary Avoidance of usage of drills or heavy Network sites Site observations Monthly ULB vehicles near fragile buildings Completion of work quickly in Network sites Site observations; OMC records Monthly ULB sensitive areas Consultation with communities to Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB avoid working during sensitive periods Preparation and operation of H&S plan All sites Site observations; OMC records Monthly ULB to protect workers and citizens Survey of public health and incidence Nippani Town Hospital records; resident surveys Annual for 6 years ULB of water borne disease

KUIDFC 57 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for urban drainage up-gradation in Slums Mitigation Measures & Parameters Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency Mitigation/Monitoring to be monitored Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring No significant impacts envisaged N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation N.A. Incorporation of mitigation measures in One-off inspection of PMU measures; the contract documents contract document

Construction site management plan to Verification of contract documents before control dust and noise nuisance, and signing the contract road blocks Implementation of Construction site Storm water Monitoring of air quality and noise is not Weekly Contractor/ ULB with management plan: dust and noise drain/nallah required. Ensure the implementation of the assistance of nuisance at site; and traffic sites and mitigation measures (usage of standard Investment Program maintenance surroundings equipment complying with CPCB Noise consultants Standards for construction equipments); assess the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people Work conduction during light traffic Storm water Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU, ULB drain/nallah & PC sites and surroundings Ensuring that police provide traffic Storm water Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU, ULB diversions when required drain/nallah & PC sites and surroundings Operation Stage Monitoring No significant impacts envisaged N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. = Not applicable

KUIDFC 58 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.6: Occupational Health Risks and Safety Plan for workers

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility I. Construction Stage Water Water supply Trenching and Respiratory Providing personal Daily inspection Contractor, PMU lines laying laying of water problems due to protective equipments throughout and ULB Supply sites, Sewer supply pipelines, dust, accidents such as helmet, mask, construction lines laying sewer lines and due to traffic boots, gloves, etc. stage. Monthly sites, Storm storm water drains problems and inspection of

water drain Improper stock piling and accident reports sites and management of causing injuries and complaints WTP site equipments / or death register Sewerage machines System Transportation of Traffic Management and construction Construction site access materials to and control Urban from sites Providing first aid and drainage safety training to construction staff Removal of excess or waste materials immediately from the site after completion of the work and wetting of the area Following documented procedures for all site activities Maintenance of accident reports and records

KUIDFC 59 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility II. Operation Stage Water Water supply De-silting and Skin problems Providing personal Monthly ULB network sites Repair work such as allergy protective equipments inspection of Supply and WTP site and injuries such as helmet, mask, operation and boots, gloves, etc. maintenance Water supply Treating Skin problems - Personal protective records

network sites contaminated allergy equipments such as boots drinking water and gloves. Immediate washing of the affected area with potable water and applying first aid measures Water quality testing for its potability WTP site Chlorine handling Eye irritation, Store chemicals in a cool, Monthly ULB Respiratory dry, well-ventilated area in inspection of problems and tightly sealed containers operation and skin problems maintenance records Monthly health Handling of other Training to operators for check-up for chemicals such as safe handling of chemicals workers lime, alum, etc. Maintenance of accident reports and records Sludge handling Installation of safety showers and eye wash

units/stations near all chlorine using units/areas Health check-up for WTP staff

KUIDFC 60 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility Sewerage Sewer Repair work and Eye irritation, Providing personal Monthly ULB system Network sites de-silting Respiratory protective equipments inspection of problems and such as mask, boots, operation and skin problems gloves, etc. maintenance; and Sewer cleaning – such as allergy Immediate medical accident records sewage mixed with and injuries attention and first aid hazardous materials and industrial waste Treating ground Training to operators for water safe handling of chemicals contamination Gas monitoring in Respiratory First aid and awareness sewer pipes problems – training to staff allergy, nausea, asphyxia, etc.

KUIDFC 61 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.7: Annual environmental cost estimate (2009) Sl. No. Item Cost (Rs.) Monitoring during Operation Phase 1 Water quality testing/sludge testing 10,000 2 Gas monitoring in the sewerage network 10,000 (slum area) Training cost 1 Program 1 3,000 2 Program 2 3,000 3 Program 3 2,000 Other 1 Group Discussions 2,000 2 Health checkups for workers 10,000 TOTAL 40,000 Amount in Figures: Rupees Forty thousand only

KUIDFC 62 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION & INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

90. To achieve the public consultation requirements of the Asian Development Bank, the PC undertook extensive field visits and held detailed discussions with the public, Government Departments such as Urban Development Board, Public Works Department, Pollution Control Board, Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Sewerage Board, etc. and CMC officials. Focus group discussions were involved in Public consultation. Ample opportunities were ensured for the public to participate in the design process of all the project components. A socioeconomic and perception survey was conducted to provide a baseline for assessment of perceptions of residents on the environment. Baseline information was collected by public consultation to ascertain opinions on significant environmental conditions/features within the project area with reference to project components and the merit or its rehabilitation.

91. During field visits, CMC officials (including the commissioner) and local people (farmers, businessmen, Govt. officials, so on) were consulted to evaluate the present situation of the project area environment and to establish necessary mitigation measures for the project components. These consultations have given insight into the concerns and requirements of CMC officials and publics with relation to implementation of program components within the CMC area. These contacts provided an opportunity for the local community to involve in the initial stages of the project activities. Table 6.1 below gives details of the Public Consultation. Table 6.1: Details of Public consultation for the NKUSIP components in Nippani ULB Date Place Taluk District No. of participants 11-07-2008 Bus stand Area, Nippani Belgaum 30 Nippani 11-07-2008 CMC, Nippani 20 11-07-2008 Tahsildar Office 15

92. Overall, Public opinion was that the implementation of the project components within the CMC limits should be carried out without any delay, but should include proper operation and maintenance, environmental mitigation measures particularly with reference to sewerage and sanitation, improvement of the public health and the quality of life for the local communities.

KUIDFC 63 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 6.2: Queries and Responses during Public consultation S. No. Queries Responses 1 Will mosquito breeding Yes. UGD facilities improve sanitary conditions be stopped? and helps in controlling mosquitoes. 2 Will the project enhance Yes. The purpose of the program is to provide the environmental sewerage facilities and STP with due concern to conditions of the city? the environment. 3 Is there any No. There will be routine maintenance by ULB. contamination of potable So, contamination of potable water does not water with sewage water? occur. 4 Will skin problems and Above mentioned response. Workers will be health risks be avoided? provided with protective coverings to overcome What about health risks any health risks. of UGD and STP UGD facilities must be properly used by the handling workers? communities to avoid any water/wastewater workers? related health problems. Open faeciation must be completely avoided. 5 Will choking of drains be Yes. Routine maintenance will be done by ULB. stopped? Will odor problem be stopped?

A B Fig. 6.1: Public Consultation

KUIDFC 64 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) 93. Grievances will first be brought to the attention of the implementing NGO. Grievances not redressed by the NGO will be brought to the grievance redress committee (GRC) established in each Investment Program district. The GRC process is designed to be transparent, gender responsive, culturally appropriate and commensurate to the risks and adverse impacts of the project, as well as readily accessible to all segments of the affected people. Affected people are to be appropriately informed about the mechanism through media and public outlets. This participatory process shall ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process.

94. A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A. E. 45 PRJ 04 dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns. In addition to the functions of the committee, Grievance redress was included as additional functions vide GO: No. N. A. E. 167 PRJ 05 dated 22/09/05 for the same towns and for the additional two towns of NKUSIP Package II – Nippani and Ilkal, which were included. Later the DLPSC was established along the function of grievance redress vide GO: No. N. A. E124 PRJ 2007, dated 29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in place for the project.

KUIDFC 65 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

7. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1 Findings

95. The proposed Investment Program components have less significant (direct/indirect) environmental impacts. Water supply rehabilitation component has no significant environmental issues and required mitigation measures have been suggested for the component during construction and operation phases. Sewerage system improvement in slums has certain environmental issues and required mitigation measures during construction and operation phases have been provided. Urban drainage component in slums has no significant environmental issues and the potential impacts of the component during construction phase are negligible. The overall potential environmental impacts of the Program components can be overcome by adopting suggested mitigation measures. The implementation of the proposed Investment program will create many beneficial impacts on Physical, Biological and Socio- economic environment. The nature of the proposed project component, being community upgrading, will fundamentally improve the overall urban environment. The overall environmental benefits will outweigh any localized negative impacts.

96. The suitable Activity plans required for these construction and operation specific impacts of all program components should be prepared by the ULB in association with Program Consultants before construction phase and must be included in the Contract Document. The Activity Plans based on identified mitigation measures include Sludge Management and Disposal Plan (with reference to STP) and Health Risk Plan (with reference to health of workers involved in Sewerage system and STP). CMC and Contractors should implement these plans during program construction and operation phases.

7.2 Recommendations

97. It is expected that the proposed project components have only minor, negative, localized, temporary and less significant environmental impacts. These impacts can be easily mitigated through adequate mitigation measures and regular monitoring during the Design, Construction and Post Construction Phase of the project. It is recommended that PMU should have monitoring responsibility in environmental issues of all program components and to ensure the environmental sustenance of NKUSIP.

KUIDFC 66 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

8. CONCLUSIONS

98. The Investment program emphasizes the importance of conducting an IEE to identify environmental considerations during project component - site identification, design, and feasibility analysis. The findings and recommendations enriched the engineering designs to incorporate simple mitigation measures such as dust suppression, timing of heavy equipment operation to avoid disturbances due to noise, proper handling of domestic wastewater and its re-use for irrigation purposes, and traditional construction practices that overlook these mundane impacts. The IEE also pointed out the need to revise the engineering designs to avoid adverse environmental impacts, reducing potential risk of erosion and groundwater contamination, among others.

99. The proposed Investment Program is beneficial to the environment and the society. The project falls under the Category B of ADB's Guidelines. From this IEE, it can be understood that this Investment Program is of small-scale and does not cause any significant adverse environmental impacts and so a full scale EIA is not required. It is recommended that project can be implemented with proper mitigation measures to protect the environment. This IEE with the recommended institutional requirement and environmental monitoring plan becomes the completed EIA. This IEE for the proposed Investment Program meets all the required environmental criteria for subproject selection in EARP. Present status of the project study recommends only IEE for proposed project components. Therefore, no separate EIA is required.

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APPENDICES

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

APPENDIX 1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECK LIST

WATER SUPPLY

Instructions:

• This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to

be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the

Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.

• This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department.

• This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.

• Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: India/North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program Sector Division: Package II – Belgaum – Nippani CMC

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No Remarks A. Project Siting Is the project area… • Densely populated? √ • Heavy with development activities? √ • Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive areas? • Cultural heritage site √ • Protected Area √ • Wetland √ • Mangrove √ • Estuarine √ • Buffer zone of protected area √ • Special area for protecting biodiversity √ • Bay √ B. Potential Environmental Impacts

Will the Project cause… • Pollution of raw water supply from upstream √ Pollution of raw water supply from upstream wastewater discharge from communities, wastewater discharge is not expected. industries, agriculture, and soil erosion runoff? However, pollution due to soil erosion runoff is anticipated, as the river is flowing through agricultural areas. • Impairment of historical/cultural √ monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites? • Hazard of land subsidence caused by excessive √ There is no ground water exploitation for ground water pumping? proposed water supply improvements. • Social conflicts arising from displacement of √ There is no resettlement of people required communities? for project implementation. Hence, no social conflicts expected with reference to dislocation/displacement. • Conflicts in abstraction of raw water for water √ The proposal includes only pumping of

KUIDFC i SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No Remarks supply with other beneficial water uses for surplus water from Jawahar Reservoir and surface and ground waters? Vedaganga River to an impounding reservoir during monsoon. Therefore, there will be no possibility of reduction in availability of water in the river for any other uses throughout the year. • Unsatisfactory raw water supply (e.g. excessive √ The existing water supply is supposed to pathogens or mineral constituents)? continue. • Delivery of unsafe water to distribution system? √ Up-gradation or maintenance aspects are not included in the proposal for water treatment plant. The treatment plant should be maintained by the ULB to have the outlet quality meeting drinking water standards. • Inadequate protection of intake works or wells, √ The existing intake well is in good condition. leading to pollution of water supply? Therefore, there is no possibility for pollution due to inadequate protection of intake works/wells. • Over pumping of ground water, leading to √ There is no ground water exploitation for salinization and ground subsidence? proposed water supply improvements. • Excessive algal growth in storage reservoir? √ Regular cleaning of storage reservoir must be ensured by Nippani CMC to avoid excessive algal growth. • Increase in production of sewage beyond √ The regular supply of 100 lpcd for the public capabilities of community facilities? will not result in excess sewage production. The proposed STP is designed to meet the sewage generated with 80 lpcd. • Inadequate disposal of sludge from water √ Altering of design/facilities for WTP is not treatment plants? included in the present proposal. Regular sludge removal from water treatment plants must be ensured by the CMC to meet standards of treated water. • Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and √ Sufficient buffer zone/noise barrier is to be treatment plants to alleviate noise and other developed around pumping station to alleviate possible nuisances and protect facilities? noise. • Impairments associated with transmission lines √ Temporary impairments are anticipated along and access roads? the new transmission line routes during construction stage. No new access roads are proposed. • Health hazards arising from inadequate design √ No health hazards are expected because of facilities for receiving, storing, and handling of altering of design/facilities for water treatment chlorine and other hazardous chemicals. plant is not included in the present proposal. • Health and safety hazards to workers from the √ Any Changes in operation of WTP are not management of chlorine used for Disinfection included in the proposal. Nippani CMC must and other contaminants? ensure proper safety practices/measures to workers in WTP. • Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of √ There is no resettlement of people for project people? implementation. • Social conflicts between construction workers √ The local labor force will be utilized by the from other areas and community workers? contractor for construction activities and hence, there is no possibility for social conflict regarding employment opportunities during construction phase. • Noise and dust from construction activities? √ It is suggested in EMP that all construction machineries used will comply with the noise standards as suggested by CPCB. Dust suppression must be done by sprinkling of water. • Increased road traffic due to interference of √ The construction material transport will construction activities? increase traffic within the city. Proper traffic management plan must be implemented to avoid conflict between public transport and construction material transport. • Continuing soil erosion/silt runoff from √ The construction debris/excess soil generated construction operations? at construction sites should be properly disposed to avoid erosion. • Delivery of unsafe water due to poor O&M √ The present project does not involve any treatment processes (especially mud proposal for altering design/facilities/operation KUIDFC ii SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Nippani CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No Remarks accumulations in filters) and inadequate and maintenance in water treatment plant. chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring Nippani CMC has to ensure efficiency of of chlorine residuals in distribution systems? operation of water treatment plant. • Delivery of water to distribution system, which is √ The present project does not involve any corrosive due to inadequate attention to feeding proposal for altering design/facilities/operation of corrective chemicals? and maintenance in water treatment plant. Nippani CMC has to ensure the performance of Water Treatment Plant to avoid corrosion of distribution system with corrective chemicals. • Accidental leakage of chlorine gas? √ The present project does not involve any proposal for altering design/facilities/operation in Water Treatment Plant. • Excessive abstraction of water affecting √ The present proposal involves abstraction of downstream water users? water from Jawahar Reservoir and Vedaganga River only during surplus months of monsoon; hence drawing of water will not have any impact on downstream water users. • Competing uses of water? √ The present proposal involves abstraction of water from Jawahar Reservoir and Vedaganga River only during surplus months of monsoon, when there are no competing uses of water. • Increased sewage flow due to increased water √ The proposal is for ensuring regular water supply supply of 100 lpcd for the public, which will result in increased sewage generation. The proposed STP for the city is designed to meet the sewage generated with 80lpcd. • Increased volume of sullage (wastewater from √ The proposed STP for the city is designed to cooking and washing) and sludge from meet the sullage generated due to the project. wastewater treatment plant Nippani CMC has to ensure that the sludge generated in STP is disposed off with safe disposal practices.

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