RIC-7 Issue 3 April 2007

Spectrum Management and

Radiocommunication Information Circular

Basic Qualification Question Bank for Operator Certificate Examinations

Aussi disponible en français - CIR-7

Radiocommunication Information Circulars are issued for the guidance of those engaged in radiocommunications in Canada. The information contained in these circulars is subject to change without notice. It is therefore suggested that interested persons consult the nearest district office of Industry Canada for additional details. While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure accuracy, no warranty is expressed or implied. As well, these circulars have no status in law.

Comments and suggestions may be directed to the following address:

Industry Canada Radiocommunications and Broadcasting Regulatory Branch 300 Slater Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C8

Attention: DOSP

via e-mail: [email protected]

All spectrum publications are available on the at: http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/spectrum

Foreword

This circular contains the questions that will be used effective April 1, 2007, for making Basic Qualification examinations for the Certificate. The correct choice of the four suggested answers appears in brackets following each question identifier. i.e. A-001-01-01 (4)

Candidates for amateur radio operator certificate examinations are encouraged to contact the following amateur radio organizations for information on study material.

Radio Amateurs of Canada 720 Belfast Road, Suite 217 Ottawa, Ontario K1G 0Z5 www.rac.ca

Instructions for examiners are contained in Radiocommunication Information Circular RIC-1, Guide for Examiners Accredited to Conduct Examinations for the Amateur Radio Operator Certificate.

Radio Amateur du Québec inc. 4545 Pierre-de-Coubertin Avenue C.P. 1000, Succursale M Montréal, Quebec H1V 3R2 www.raqi.qc.ca

B-001-01-01 (1) Contact Industry Canada and provide Authority to make details of your address change "Radiocommunication Regulations" is Write amateur organizations advising derived from: them of your new address, enclosing the Radiocommunication Act your licence the General Radio Regulations the Standards for the Operation of Radio B-001-02-02 (4) Stations in the Amateur Radio Service An Amateur Radio Operator Certificate the ITU Radio Regulations is valid for: five years B-001-01-02 (2) three years Authority to make "Standards for the one year Operation of Radio Stations in the for life Amateur Radio Service" is derived from: the General Radio Regulations B-001-02-03 (3) the Radiocommunication Act Whenever a change of address is made: the Standards for the Operation of Radio Industry Canada must be notified within Stations in the Amateur Radio Service 14 days of operation at the new address the ITU Radio Regulations the station shall not be operated until a change of address card is forwarded to B-001-01-03 (2) Industry Canada The Department that is responsible for Industry Canada must be advised of any the administration of the change in postal address Radiocommunication Act is: within the same province, there is no Transport Canada need to notify Industry Canada Industry Canada Communications Canada B-001-02-04 (3) National Defense The Amateur Radio Operator Certificate: must be put on file B-001-01-04 (4) must be kept in a safe place The "amateur radio service" is defined must be retained at the station in: must be kept on the person to whom it is the Radiocommunication Act issued the Standards for the Operation of Radio Stations in the Amateur Radio Service B-001-02-05 (1) the General Radio Regulations The holder of a radio authorization shall, the Radiocommunication Regulations at the request of a duly appointed radio inspector, show the radio authorization, B-001-02-01 (3) or a copy thereof, to the inspector, What must you do to notify your mailing within ____ hours after the request: address changes? 48 Telephone your local club, and give 12 them your new address 24 Contact an accredited examiner and 72 provide details of your address change

B-001-02-06 (1) a fine of $1 000 The fee for an Amateur Radio Operator Certificate is: B-001-03-04 (3) free Which of the following statements is $32 NOT correct? $10 No person shall decode an encrypted $24 subscription programming signal without permission of the lawful B-001-02-07 (4) distributor The Amateur Radio Operator Certificate No person shall, without lawful excuse, should be: interfere with or obstruct any retained in a safety deposit box radiocommunication retained on the radio amateur's person A person may decode an encrypted retained in the radio amateur's vehicle subscription programming signal, and retained at the address notified to retransmit it to the public Industry Canada No person shall send, transmit, or cause to be transmitted, any false or fraudulent B-001-03-01 (3) distress signal Out of amateur band transmissions: must be identified with your call sign B-001-03-05 (3) are permitted Which of the following is NOT correct? are prohibited - penalties could be The Minister may suspend a radio assessed to the control operator authorization: are permitted for short tests only where the holder has contravened the Act, the Regulations, or the terms and B-001-03-02 (4) conditions of the authorization If an amateur pretends there is an where the radio authorization was emergency and transmits the word obtained through misrepresentation "MAYDAY," what is this called? with no notice, or opportunity to make A traditional greeting in May representation thereto An emergency test transmission where the holder has failed to comply Nothing special: "MAYDAY" has no with a request to pay fees or interest due meaning in an emergency False or deceptive signals

B-001-03-03 (1) A person found guilty of transmitting a false or fraudulent distress signal, or interfering with, or obstructing any radio communication, without lawful cause, may be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of: a fine, not exceeding $5 000, or a prison term of one year, or both a fine of $10 000 a prison term of two years B-001-03-06 (2) 5 w.p.m. Which of the following statements is Advanced NOT correct? Where entry is refused, and is necessary B-001-04-03 (2) to perform his duties under the Act, a The holder of an Amateur Digital Radio radio inspector may obtain a warrant Operator's Certificate: A radio inspector may enter a dwelling has equivalency for the Basic without the consent of the occupant and qualification without a warrant has equivalency for the Basic and In executing a warrant, a radio inspector Advanced qualifications shall not use force, unless accompanied has equivalency for the Basic and 12 by a peace officer, and force is w.p.m qualifications authorized has equivalency for the Basic, Advanced The person in charge of a place entered and 12 w.p.m. qualifications by a radio inspector shall give the inspector information that the inspector B-001-04-04 (4) requests After an Amateur Radio Operator Certificate with Basic qualifications is B-001-03-07 (4) issued, the holder may be examined for The Minister may suspend or revoke a additional qualifications in the following radio authorization WITHOUT order: NOTICE: 12 w.p.m. after passing the Advanced where the radio authorization was 5 w.p.m. after passing the 12 w.p.m. obtained through misrepresentation Advanced after the 5 w.p.m. where the holder has contravened the any order Act or Regulations where the holder has contravened the B-001-04-05 (4) terms and conditions of the authorization Two Morse code qualifications are where the holder has failed to comply available for the Amateur Radio with a request to pay fees or interest due Operator Certificate. They are: 5 and 10 w.p.m. B-001-04-01 (3) 7 and 12 w.p.m. What age must you be to hold an 7 and 15 w.p.m. Amateur Radio Operator Certificate with 5 and 12 w.p.m. Basic Qualification? 70 years or younger 18 years or older There are no age limits 14 years or older

B-001-04-02 (1) Which examinations must be passed before an Amateur Radio Operator Certificate is issued? Basic 12 w.p.m. B-001-04-06 (4) B-001-05-03 (4) The holder of an Amateur Radio Where a friend is not the holder of any Operator Certificate with the Basic type of radio operator certificate, you, as Qualification is authorized to operate a holder of an Amateur Radio Operator following stations: Certificate with Basic Qualification, a station authorized in the aeronautical may, on behalf of your friend: service install an amateur station, but not a station authorized in the maritime operate or permit the operation of the service apparatus any authorized station except stations install and operate the radio apparatus, authorized in the amateur, aeronautical using your own call sign or maritime services modify and repair the radio apparatus a station authorized in the amateur but not install it service not install, place in operation, modify, repair, maintain, or permit the operation B-001-05-01 (1) of the radio apparatus Radio apparatus may be installed, placed in operation, repaired or maintained by B-001-05-04 (1) the holder of an Amateur Radio Operator A radio amateur with Basic and 12 Certificate with Advanced Qualification w.p.m. Morse qualifications may install on behalf of another person: an amateur station for another person: if the other person is the holder of a only if the other person is the holder of a radio authorization to operate in the valid Amateur Radio Operator amateur radio service Certificate pending the granting of a radio only if the final power input does not authorization, if the apparatus covers the exceed 100 watts amateur and commercial frequency only if the station is for use on one of the bands VHF bands pending the granting of a radio only if the DC power input to the final authorization, if the apparatus covers the stage does not exceed 200 watts amateur frequency bands only if the transmitter of a station, for which a B-001-06-01 (1) radio authorization is to be applied for, is An amateur station with a maximum type approved and crystal controlled input to the final stage of 2 watts: must be licensed at all locations B-001-05-02 (1) must be licensed in built-up areas only The holder of an Amateur Radio must be licensed in isolated areas only Operator Certificate may build is exempt from licensing transmitting equipment for use in the amateur radio service provided that person has the: Advanced qualification Morse code 12 w.p.m. qualification Morse code 5 w.p.m. qualification Basic qualification

B-001-06-02 (3) B-001-06-05 (1) An amateur station may be used to Which of the following statements is communicate with: NOT correct? A person may operate any stations which are identified for radio apparatus, licensed in the amateur special contests service: armed forces stations during special on aeronautical, marine or land mobile contests and training exercises frequencies similarly licensed stations only where the person complies with the any station transmitting in the amateur Standards for the Operation of Radio bands Stations in the Amateur Radio Service only where the apparatus is maintained B-001-06-03 (4) within the performance standards set by Which of the following statements is Industry Canada regulations and policies NOT correct? but not for the amplification of the A radio amateur may not transmit output power of licence-exempt radio superfluous signals apparatus A radio amateur may not transmit profane or obscene language or B-001-07-01 (4) messages Which of the following CANNOT be A radio amateur may not operate, or discussed on an amateur club net? permit to be operated, a radio apparatus Recreation planning which he knows is not performing to the Code practice planning Radiocommunication Regulations Emergency planning A radio amateur may use his linear Business planning amplifier to amplify the output of a licence-exempt transmitter B-001-07-02 (1) When is a radio amateur allowed to B-001-06-04 (3) broadcast information to the general Which of the following statements is public? NOT correct? Never No person shall possess or operate any Only when the operator is being paid device, for the purpose of amplifying the Only when broadcasts last less than 1 output power of a licence-exempt radio hour apparatus Only when broadcasts last longer than A person may operate or permit the 15 minutes operation of radio apparatus only where the apparatus is maintained to the B-001-07-03 (1) Radiocommunication Regulations When may false or deceptive amateur tolerances signals or communications be A person may operate radio apparatus on transmitted? the amateur radio bands only to transmit Never superfluous signals When operating a transmitter in a A person may operate an amateur radio "fox hunt" exercise station when the person complies with When playing a harmless "practical the Standards for the Operation of Radio joke" Stations in the Amateur Radio Service When you need to hide the meaning of a They may be used if they do not obscure message for secrecy the meaning of a message

B-001-07-04 (1) B-001-07-08 (4) Which of the following one-way What should you do to keep you station communications may not be transmitted from retransmitting music or signals in the amateur service? from a non- amateur station? Broadcasts intended for the general Turn up the volume of your transmitter public Speak closer to the microphone to Telecommands to model craft increase your signal strength Brief transmissions to make adjustments Adjust your transceiver noise blanker to the station Turn down the volume of background Morse code practice audio

B-001-07-05 (1) B-001-07-09 (3) When may you send indecent or profane The transmission of a secret code by the words from your amateur station? operator of an amateur station: Never is permitted for contests Only when they do not cause must be approved by Industr Canada interference to other communications is not permitted Only when they are not retransmitted is permitted for third-part traffic through a repeater Any time, but there is an unwritten rule B-001-07-10 (2) among amateurs that they should not be A radio amateur may be engaged in used on the air communication which include the transmission of: B-001-07-06 (3) programming that originates from a When may an amateur station in two- broadcasting undertakin way communication transmit a message Q signals in a secret code in order to obscure the radiocommunication in support of meaning of the communication? industrial, business, or professional During a declared communications activities emergency commercially recorded material During contests Never B-001-07-11 (4) When transmitting above 450 MHz An amateur station may transmit: profane or obscene words or language B-001-07-07 (4) music What are the restrictions on the use of secret codes or ciphers abbreviations or procedural signals in signals which are not superfluous the amateur service? There are no restrictions They are not permitted because they obscure the meaning of a message to government monitoring stations Only "10 codes" are permitted B-001-08-01 (1) B-001-08-05 (1) Where may the holder of an Amateur In order to install any radio apparatus, to Radio Operator Certificate operate an be used specifically for an amateur radio in Canada? club station, the radio amateur must hold anywhere in Canada an Amateur Radio Operator Certificate, anywhere in Canada during times of with a minimum of the following emergency qualifications: only at the address shown o Industry Basic and Advanced Canada records Basic, Advanced and 5 w.p.m. anywhere in your call sign prefix area Basic Basic, Advanced, and 12 w.p.m. B-001-08-02 (1) Which type of station may transmit one- B-001-08-06 (4) way communications? In order to install or operate a transmitter Beacon station or RF amplifier that is not commercially Repeater station manufactured for use in the amateur HF station service, a radio amateur must hold an VHF station Amateur Operator's Certificate, with a minimum of which qualifications? B-001-08-03 (1) Basic, Advanced and 12 w.p.m. Amateur radio operators may install or Basic, and 12 w.p.m. operate radio apparatus: Basic, Advanced and 5 w.p.m. at any location in Canada Basic and Advanced only at the address which is on record at Industry Canada B-001-09-01 (2) at the address which is on record at Who is responsible for the proper Industry Canada and at one other operation of an amateur station? location Only the station owner who is the holder at the address which is on record at of an Amateur Radio Operator Industry Canada and in two mobiles Certificate Both the control operator and the station B-001-08-04 (2) licensee In order to install any radio apparatus, to The person who owns the station be used specifically for receiving and equipment automatically retransmitting Only the control operator communications within the same frequency band, a radio B-001-09-02 (2) amateur must hold an Amateur Radio If you transmit from another amateur's Operator Certificate, with a minimum of station, who is responsible for its proper these qualifications: operation? Basic and 12 w.p.m. Morse You, the control operator qualifications Both of you Basic and Advanced qualifications The station owner, unless the station Basic Qualification records show that you were the control Basic and 5 w.p.m. Morse qualifications operator at the time The station owner B-001-09-03 (4) B-001-09-07 (4) What is your responsibility as a station Why can't family members without owner? qualifications transmit using your You must allow another amateur to amateur station if they are alone with operate your station upon request your equipment? You must be present whenever the They must not use your equipment station is operated without your permission You must notify Industry Canada if They must first know how to use the another amateur acts as the control right abbreviations and Q signals operator They must first know the right You are responsible for the proper frequencies and emissions for operation of the station in accordance transmitting with the regulations They must hold suitable amateur radio qualifications before they are allowed to B-001-09-04 (2) be control operators Who may be the control operator of an amateur station? B-001-09-08 (3) Any person over 21 years of age with a The owner of an amateur station may: Basic Qualification permit anyone to take part in Any qualified amateur chosen by the communications only if prior written station owner permission is received from Industry Any person over 21 years of age with Canada Basic and 12 w.p.m. qualifications permit anyone to use the station without Any person over 21 years of age restrictions permit any person to operate the station B-001-09-05 (3) under the supervision and in the When must an amateur station have a presence of the holder of the amateur control operator? operator certificate A control operator is not needed permit anyone to use the station and take Whenever the station receiver is part in communications operated Whenever the station is transmitting B-001-09-09 (3) Only when training another amateur Which of the following statements is CORRECT? B-001-09-06 (4) A person, holding only Basic When a station is transmitting, where Qualification, may operate another must its control operator be? station on 14.2 MHz Anywhere in the same building as the radio amateur may permit any person to transmitter operate the station without supervision At the station's entrance, to control entry Any person may operate an amateur to the room station under supervision, and in the Anywhere within 50 km of the station presence of, a person holding location appropriate qualifications At the station's control point Any person may operate a station in the amateur radio service

B-001-10-01 (1) Station operators in ITU Regions 1 and 3 What is a transmission called that must yield the frequency to stations in disturbs other communications? ITU Region 2 Harmful interference Interrupted CW B-001-10-05 (4) Transponder signals What name is given to a form of Unidentified transmissions interference that seriously degrades, obstructs or repeatedly interrupts a B-001-10-02 (1) radiocommunication service? When may you deliberately interfere Intentional interference with another station's communications? Adjacent interference Never Disruptive interference Only if the station is operating illegally Harmful interference Only if the station begins transmitting on a frequency you are using B-001-10-06 (3) You may expect, and cause, deliberate Where interference to the reception of interference because it can't be helped radiocommunications is caused by the during crowded band conditions operation of an amateur station: the amateur station operator is not B-001-10-03 (1) obligated to take any action If the regulations say that the amateur the amateur station operator may service is a secondary user of a continue to operate without restrictions frequency band, and another service is a the Minister may require that the primary user, what does this mean? necessary steps for the prevention of the Amateurs are allowed to use the interference be taken by the radio frequency band only if they do not cause amateur interference to primary users the amateur station operator may Nothing special: all users of a frequency continue to operate and the necessary band have equal rights to operate steps can be taken when the amateur Amateurs are only allowed to use the operator can afford it frequency band during emergencies Amateurs must increase transmitter B-001-10-07 (3) power to overcome any interference Radio amateur operation must not cause caused by primary users interference to other radio services operating in which of the following B-001-10-04 (1) bands? What rule applies if two amateur stations 7.0 to 7.1 MHz want to use the same frequency? 144.0 to 148.0 MHz Both station operators have an equal 430.0 to 450.0 MHz right to operate on the frequency 14.0 to 14.2 MHz The station operator with a lesser class of licence must yield the frequency to a higher-class licensee The station operator with a lower power output must yield the frequency to the station with a higher power output B-001-10-08 (4) B-001-11-03 (3) Radio amateur operations are not If you hear an unanswered distress signal protected from interference caused by on a amateur band where you do not another service operating in which of the have privileges to communicate: following frequency bands? you may offer assistance using 144 to 148 MHz international Morse code only 220 to 225 MHz you may offer assistance after contacting 50 to 54 MHz Industry Canada for permission to do so 902 to 928 MHz you should offer assistance you may not offer assistance B-001-10-09 (3) Which of the following is NOT correct? B-001-11-04 (4) The operator of an amateur station: In the amateur radio service, it is shall not cause harmful interference to a permissible to broadcast: station in another service which has music primary use of that band commercially recorded material may conduct technical experiments programming that originates from a using the station apparatus broadcast undertaking may make trials or tests, even though radio communications required for the there is a possibility of interfering with immediate safety of life of individuals or other stations the immediate protection of property may make trials or tests, except under circumstances that preclude the B-001-11-05 (3) possibility of interference with other An amateur radio station in distress may: stations only use radiocommunication bands for which the operator is qualified to use B-001-11-01 (3) use any means of radiocommunication, Amateur radio stations may but only on internationally recognized communicate: emergency channels with anyone who uses international any means of radiocommunication Morse code only Morse code communications on with non amateur stations internationally recognized emergency with any station involved in a real or channels simulated emergency only with other amateur stations

B-001-11-02 (2) In the amateur radio service, business communications: Are permitted on some bands are not permitted under any circumstance are only permitted if they are for the safety of life or immediate protection of property are not prohibited by regulation B-001-11-06 (2) B-001-11-09 (4) During a disaster, when may an amateur Messages from recognized public station make transmissions necessary to service agencies may be handled by meet essential communication needs and amateur radio stations: assist relief operations? using Morse code only Never: only official emergency stations when Industry Canada has issued a may transmit in a disaster special authorization When normal communication systems only on the 7 and 14 MHz band are overloaded, damaged or disrupted during peace time and civil emergencies When normal communication systems and exercises are working but are not convenient Only when the local emergency net is B-001-11-10 (4) activated It is permissible to interfere with the working of another station if: B-001-11-07 (3) the other station is not operating During an emergency, what power according to the Radiocommunication output limitations must be observed by a Regulations station in distress? you both wish to contact the same 1000 watts PEP during daylight hours, station reduced to 200 watts PEP during the the other station is interfering with your night transmission 1500 watts PEP your station is directly involved with a There are no limitations during an distress situation emergency 200 watts PEP B-001-12-01 (3) What kind of payment is allowed for B-001-11-08 (4) third-party messages sent by an amateur During a disaster: station? use only frequencies in the 80 metre Donation of amateur equipment band Donation of equipment repairs use only frequencies in the 40 metre No payment of any kind is allowed band Any amount agreed upon in advance use any United Nations approved frequency B-001-12-02 (2) most communications are handled by Radiocommunications transmitted by nets using predetermined frequencies in stations other than a broadcasting station amateur bands. Operators not directly may be divulged or used: involved with disaster communications if transmitted by any station using the are requested to avoid making international Morse code unnecessary transmissions on or near if it is transmitted by an amateur station frequencies being used for disaster if transmitted in English or French communications during peacetime civil emergencies

B-001-12-03 (4) B-001-13-02 (1) The operator of an amateur station: How often must an amateur station be shall charge no less than $10 for each identified? message that the person transmits or At least every thirty minutes, and at the receives beginning and at the end of a contact shall charge no more than $10 for each At the beginning of a contact and at least message that the person transmits or every thirty minutes after that receives At least once during each transmission may accept a gift or gratuity in lieu of At the beginning and end of each remuneration for any message that the transmission person transmits or receives shall not demand or accept remuneration B-001-13-03 (4) in any form, in respect of a What do you transmit to identify your radiocommunication that the person amateur station? transmits or receives Your "handle" Your first name and your location B-001-12-04 (1) Your full name Which of the following is NOT an Your call sign exception from the penalties under the Act, for divulging, intercepting or using B-001-13-04 (2) information obtained through What identification, if any, is required radiocommunication, other than when two amateur stations begin broadcasting? communications? Where it is to provide information for a No identification is required journalist Each station must transmit its own call Where it is for the purpose of preserving sign or protecting property, or for the Both stations must transmit both call prevention of harm to a person signs Where it is for the purpose of giving One of the stations must give both evidence in a criminal or civil stations' call signs proceeding in which persons are required to give evidence B-001-13-05 (1) Where it is on behalf of Canada, for the What identification, if any, is required purpose of international or national when two amateur stations end defence or security communications? Each station must transmit its own call B-001-13-01 (2) sign Which of the following call signs is a No identification is required valid Canadian amateur radio callsign? One of the stations must transmit both SM2CAN stations' call signs VA3XYZ Both stations must transmit both call BY7HY signs KA9OLS

B-001-13-06 (3) B-001-13-10 (3) What is the longest period of time an The call sign of an amateur station must amateur station can operate, without be sent: transmitting its call sign? every minute 20 minutes every 15 minutes 15 minutes at the beginning and end of each 30 minutes exchange of communications, and at 10 minutes least every 30 minutes, while in communications B-001-13-07 (4) once after initial contact When may an amateur transmit unidentified communications? B-001-13-11 (1) Only for brief tests not meant as The call sign of a Canadian amateur messages radio station would normally start with Only if it does not interfere with others the letters: Only for two-way or third- party VA, VE, VO or VY communications GA, GE, MO or VQ Never, except to control a model craft A, K, N or W EA, EI, RO or UY B-001-13-08 (1) What language may you use when B-001-14-01 (2) identifying your station? If a non-amateur friend is using your English or French station to talk to someone in Canada, and Any language being used for a contact a foreign station breaks in to talk to your Any language being used for a contact, friend, what should you do? providing Canada has a third-party Since you can talk to foreign amateurs, communications agreement with that your friend may keep talking as long as country you are the control operator Any language of a country which is a Have your friend wait until you find out member of the International if Canada has a third-party agreement Union with the foreign station's government Report the incident to the foreign B-001-13-09 (4) amateur's government The call sign of an amateur station must Stop all discussions and quickly sign off be transmitted: at intervals not greater than three minutes when using voice communications at intervals not greater than ten minutes when using Morse code when requested to do so by the station being called at the beginning and at the end of each exchange of communications and at intervals not greater than 30 minutes

B-001-14-02 (3) English or French is used to identify the If you let an unqualified third party use station at the end of each transmission your amateur station, what must you do the countries concerned have authorized at your station's control point? such communications You must key the transmitter and make the countries for which the traffic is the station identification intended have registered their consent to You must monitor and supervise the such communications with the ITU communication only if contacts are radiotelegraphy is used made on frequencies below 30 MHz You must continuously monitor and B-001-14-06 (4) supervise the third party's participation Amateur third party communications is: You must monitor and supervise the the transmission of commercial or secret communication only if contacts are messages made in countries which have no third a simultaneous communication between party communications three operators none of these answers B-001-14-03 (3) the transmission of non- commercial or Radio amateurs may use their stations to personal messages to or on behalf of a transmit international communications third party on behalf of a third party only if: the amateur station has received written B-001-14-07 (3) authorization from Industry Canada to Third-party traffic is: pass third party traffic any message passed by an amateur the communication is transmitted by station secret code coded communications of any type such communications have been a message sent to a non- amateur via an authorized by the countries concerned amateur station prior remuneration has been received any communication between two amateur operators B-001-14-04 (1) A person operating a Canadian amateur B-001-14-08 (3) station is forbidden to communicate with One of the following is not considered to amateur stations of another country: be communications on behalf of a third when that country has notified the party, even though the message is International Telecommunication Union originated by, or addressed to, a non- that it objects to such communications amateur: without written permission from messages that are handled within a local Industry Canada network until he has properly identified his messages addressed to points within station Canada unless he is passing third- party traffic messages originated from Canadian Forces Affiliated Radio Service B-001-14-05 (2) (CFARS) International communications on behalf all messages received from Canadian of third parties may be transmitted by an stations amateur station only if: B-001-14-09 (1) pass messages originating from or One of the following is not considered to destined to the Canadian Forces be communications on behalf of a third Affiliated Radio Service (CFARS) party, even though the message may be communicate with a similar station of a originated by, or addressed to, a non- country which has not notified ITU that amateur: it objects to such communications messages that originate from the United States Military Affiliated Radio System B-001-15-01 (1) (MARS) If you let another amateur with all messages originated by Canadian additional qualifications than yours amateur stations control your station, what operating messages addressed to points within privileges are allowed? Canada from the United States Only the privileges allowed by your messages that are handled within local qualifications networks during a simulated emergency Any privileges allowed by the additional exercise qualifications All the emission privileges of the B-001-14-10 (3) additional qualifications, but only the Which of the following is NOT correct? frequency privileges of your While in Canada, the operator of a qualifications station licensed by the Government of All the frequency privileges of the the United States, shall identify the additional qualifications, but only the station using three of these identifiers: emission privileges of your by adding to the call sign the Canadian qualifications call sign prefix for the geographic location of the station B-001-15-02 (4) by radiotelephone, adding to the call If you are the control operator at the sign the word "mobile" or "portable" or station of another amateur who has by radiotelegraph adding the oblique additional qualifications to yours, what character "/" operating privileges are you allowed? US radio amateurs must obtain a Any privileges allowed by the additional Canadian amateur station licence before qualifications operating in Canada All the emission privileges of the by transmitting the call sign assigned by additional qualifications, but only the the FCC frequency privileges of your qualifications B-001-14-11 (1) All the frequency privileges of the Which of the following statements is additional qualifications, but only the NOT correct? A Canadian radio amateur emission privileges of your may: qualifications pass third-party traffic with all duly Only the privileges allowed by your licensed amateur stations in any country qualifications which is a member of the ITU pass messages originating from or destined to the United States Military Affiliated Radio System (MARS) B-001-15-03 (4) B-001-15-08 (1) In addition to passing the Basic written In Canada, the 20 meter amateur band examination, what must you do before corresponds in frequency to: you are allowed to use amateur 14.000 to 14.350 MHz frequencies below 30 MHz? 13.500 to 14.000 MHz You must notify Industry Canada that 15.000 to 15.750 MHz you intend to operate on the HF bands 16.350 to 16.830 MHz You must pass a Morse code test You must attend a class to learn about B-001-15-09 (4) HF communications In Canada, the 15 metre amateur band You must pass a Morse code or corresponds in frequency to: Advanced test or attain a mark of 80% 18.068 to 18.168 MHz on the Basic exam 14.000 to 14.350 MHz 28.000 to 29.700 MHz B-001-15-04 (2) 21.000 to 21.450 MHz The licensee of an amateur station may operate radio controlled models: B-001-15-10 (1) if the control transmitter does not exceed In Canada, the 10 metre amateur band 15 kHz of occupied corresponds in frequency to: on all frequencies above 30 MHz 28.000 to 29.700 MHz if the frequency used is below 30 MHz 24.890 to 24.990 MHz if only pulse modulation is used 21.000 to 21.450 MHz 50.000 to 54.000 MHz B-001-15-05 (4) In Canada, the 75/80 metre amateur B-001-15-11 (3) band corresponds in frequency to: In Canada, radio amateurs may use 3.0 to 3.5 MHz which of the following for radio control 4.0 to 4.5 MHz of models: 4.5 to 5.0 MHz 50 to 54 MHz only 3.5 to 4.0 MHz all amateur frequency bands all amateur frequency bands above 30 B-001-15-06 (1) MHz In Canada, the 160 metre amateur band 50 to 54, 144 to 148, and 220 to 225 corresponds in frequency to: MHz only 1.8 to 2.0 MHz 1.5 to 2.0 MHz B-001-16-01 (4) 2.0 to 2.25 MHz What is the maximum authorized 2.25 to 2.5 MHz bandwidth within the frequency range of 50 to 148 MHz? B-001-15-07 (4) 20 kHz In Canada, the 40 metre amateur band The total bandwidth shall not exceed that corresponds in frequency to: of a single- phone emission 6.5 to 6.8 MHz The total bandwidth shall not exceed 10 6.0 to 6.3 MHz times that of a CW emission 7.7 to 8.0 MHz 30 kHz 7.0 to 7.3 MHz B-001-16-02 (2) B-001-16-07 (2) The maximum bandwidth of an amateur Single sideband is not permitted in the station's transmission allowed in the band: band 28 to 29.7 MHz is: 18.068 to 18.168 MHz 6 kHz 10.1 to 10.15 MHz 20 kHz 24.89 to 24.99 MHz 30 kHz 7.0 to 7.3 MHz 15 kHz B-001-16-08 (4) B-001-16-03 (1) The bandwidth of an amateur station Except for one band, the maximum shall be determined by measuring the bandwidth of an amateur station's frequency band occupied by that signal transmission allowed below 28 MHz is: at a level of ____ dB below the 6 kHz maximum amplitude of that signal: 15 kHz 3 20 kHz 6 30 kHz 36 26 B-001-16-04 (3) The maximum bandwidth of an amateur B-001-16-09 (3) station's transmission allowed in the Which of the following answers is NOT band 144 to 148 MHz is: correct? Based on the bandwidth 6 kHz required, the following modes may be 20 kHz transmitted on these frequencies: 30 kHz AMTOR on 14.08 MHz 15 kHz packet on 10.145 MHz fast-scan television (ATV) on 145 MHz B-001-16-05 (2) fast-scan television (ATV) on 440 MHz The maximum bandwidth of an amateur station's transmission allowed in the B-001-16-10 (1) band 50 to 54 MHz is: Which of the following answers is NOT 20 kHz correct? Based on the bandwidth 30 kHz required, the following modes may be 6 kHz transmitted on these frequencies: 15 kHz fast-scan television (ATV) on 14.23 MHz B-001-16-06 (2) slow-scan television (SSTV) on 14.23 Only one band of amateur frequencies MHz has a maximum allowed bandwidth of (FM) on 29.6 less than 6 kHz. That band is: MHz 18.068 to 18.168 MHz single-sideband (SSB) on 3.76 MHz 10.1 to 10.15 MHz 24.89 to 24.99 MHz 1.8 to 2.0 MHz

B-001-16-11 (1) 1000 watts PEP output for SSB Which of the following answers is NOT operation correct? Based on the bandwidth 1500 watts PEP output for SSB required, the following modes may be operation transmitted on these frequencies: 2000 watts PEP output for SSB single-sideband (SSB) on 10.12 MHz operation frequency modulation (FM) on 29.6 560 watts PEP output for SSB operation MHz Morse radiotelegraphy (CW) on 10.11 B-001-17-05 (2) MHz What is the maximum transmitting packet on 10.148 MHz power an amateur station may use for SSB operation on 7055 kHz, if the B-001-17-01 (1) operator has Basic and 12 w.p.m. What amount of transmitter power must qualifications? radio amateurs use at all times? 1000 watts PEP output The minimum legal power necessary to 560 watts PEP output communicate 2000 watts PEP output 25 watts PEP output 200 watts PEP output 250 watts PEP output 2000 watts PEP output B-001-17-06 (3) The DC power input to the anode or B-001-17-02 (3) collector circuit of the final RF stage of a What is the most FM transmitter power a transmitter, used by a holder of an holder of only Basic Qualification may Amateur Radio Operator Certificate with use on 147 MHz? Advanced Qualification, shall not 1000 watts DC input exceed: 200 watts PEP output 250 watts 250 W DC input 500 watts 25 watts PEP output 1000 watts 750 watts B-001-17-03 (2) At what point in your station is B-001-17-07 (2) transceiver power measured? The maximum DC input to the final At the final amplifier input terminals stage of an amateur transmitter, when inside the transmitter or amplifier the operator is the holder of both the At the antenna terminals of the Basic and Advanced qualifications, is: transmitter or amplifier 250 watts On the antenna itself, after the feed line 1000 watts At the power supply terminals inside the 1500 watts transmitter or amplifier 500 watts

B-001-17-04 (4) What is the maximum transmitting output power an amateur station may use on 3750 kHz, if the operator has Basic and 5 w.p.m. qualifications? B-001-17-08 (3) in frequency bands below 30 MHz The operator of an amateur station, who is the holder of a Basic Qualification, B-001-18-03 (4) shall ensure that the station power, when Radiotelephone signals in a frequency expressed as RF output power measured band below ____ MHz cannot be across an impedance matched load, does automatically retransmitted, unless these not exceed: signals are received from a station 2500 watts peak power operated by a person qualified to 1000 watts carrier power for transmitters transmit on frequencies below the above producing other emissions frequency: 560 watts peak-envelope power, for 29.7 MHz transmitters producing any type of single 50 MHz sideband emission 144 MHz 150 watts peak power 29.5 MHz

B-001-17-09 (3) B-001-18-04 (4) The holder of an Amateur Radio Which of the following statements is Operator Certificate with Basic NOT correct? Radiotelephone signals Qualification is limited to a maximum of may be retransmitted: ______watts when expressed as direct in the 29.5-29.7 MHz band, when current input power to the anode or received in a VHF band, from a station collector circuit of the transmitter stage operated by a person with only Basic supplying radio frequency energy to the Qualification. antenna : in the 50-54 MHz frequency band, when 1000 received from a station operated by a 750 person with only Basic Qualification 250 in the 144-148 MHz frequency band, 100 when received from a station operated by a person with only Basic B-001-18-01 (1) Qualification What kind of amateur station in the 21 MHz band, when received in a automatically retransmits the signals of VHF band, from a station operated by a other stations? person with only Basic Qualification Repeater station Space station B-001-19-01 (3) Telecommand station When operating on frequencies below Beacon station 148 MHz: the bandwidth for any emission must not B-001-18-02 (2) exceed 3 kHz An unmodulated carrier may be the frequency stability of the transmitter transmitted only: must be at least two parts per million if the output to the final RF amplifier is over a period of one hour kept under 5W the frequency stability must be for brief tests on frequencies below 30 comparable to crystal control MHz an overmodulation indicator must be when transmitting SSB used B-001-19-02 (1) 50 percent A reliable means to prevent or indicate 100 percent overmodulation must be employed at an amateur station if: B-001-20-01 (3) radiotelephony is used What type of messages may be DC input power to the anode or collector transmitted to an amateur station in a circuit of the final RF stage is in excess foreign country? of 250 watts Messages of any type, if the foreign radiotelegraphy is used country allows third-party persons other than the licensee use the communications with Canada station Messages that are not religious, political, or patriotic in nature B-001-19-03 (4) Messages of a technical nature or An amateur station using radiotelephony personal remarks of relative must install a device for indicating or unimportance preventing: Messages of any type resonance antenna power B-001-20-02 (4) plate voltage The operator of an amateur station shall overmodulation ensure that: communications are exchanged only B-001-19-04 (2) with commercial stations The maximum percentage of modulation all communications are conducted in permitted in the use of radiotelephony by secret code an amateur station is: charges are properly applied to all third- 75 percent party communications 100 percent communications are limited to messages 50 percent of a technical or personal nature 90 percent

B-001-19-05 (3) All amateur stations, regardless of the mode of transmission used, must be equipped with: a DC power meter an overmodulation indicating device a reliable means of determining the operating radio frequency a dummy antenna

B-001-19-06 (4) The maximum percentage of modulation permitted in the use of radiotelephony by an amateur station is: 90 percent 75 percent B-001-20-03 (3) B-001-21-01 (3) Which of the following is NOT a In which International provision of the ITU Radio Regulations Telecommunication Union Region is which apply to Canadian radio Canada? amateurs? Region 4 It is forbidden to transmit international Region 3 messages on behalf of third parties, Region 2 unless those countries make special Region 1 arrangements Radiocommunications between countries B-001-21-02 (1) shall be forbidden, if the administration A Canadian radio amateur, operating his of one of the countries objects station in the state of Florida, is subject Transmissions between countries shall to which frequency band limits? not include any messages of a technical Those applicable to US radio amateurs nature, or remarks of a personal ITU Region 2 character ITU Region 3 Administrations shall take such ITU Region 1 measures as they judge necessary to verify the operational and technical B-001-21-03 (3) qualifications of amateurs A Canadian radio amateur, operating his station 7 kilometres (4 miles) offshore B-001-20-04 (4) from the coast of Florida, is subject to The ITU Radio Regulations limit those which frequency band limits? radio amateurs, who have not Those applicable to Canadian radio demonstrated proficiency in Morse code, amateurs to frequencies above: ITU Region 1 1.8 MHz Those applicable to US radio amateurs 3.5 MHz ITU Region 2 28 MHz none of the above B-001-21-04 (3) Australia, Japan, and Southeast Asia are B-001-20-05 (2) in which ITU Region? In addition to complying with the Act Region 4 and Radiocommunication Regulations, Region 2 Canadian radio amateurs must also Region 3 comply with the regulations of the: Region 1 American Radio Relay League International Telecommunication Union B-001-21-05 (2) Radio Amateurs of Canada Inc. Canada is location in ITU Region: International Amateur Radio Union region 1 region 2 region 3 region 4

B-001-21-06 (1) The fee for taking an examination for an Which of the following answers is NOT Amateur Radio Operator Certificate by correct? Canadian radio amateurs may an accredited volunteer examiner is to be apply for a CEPT international radio negotiated amateur licence for operation in any of The fee for taking an examination for an the 32 CEPT countries, and: Amateur Radio Operator Certificate at foreign radio amateurs, holding CEPT an Industry Canada office is $5 per Class 2 licences, receive the same qualification privileges in Canada as Canadians with An accredited volunteer examiner must Basic and 12 WPM qualifications hold an Amateur Radio Operator Canadian radio amateurs, holding Basic Certificate with Basic, Advanced, and 12 and 12 w.p.m. qualifications, will be w.p.m. qualifications granted CEPT Class 1 recognition The fee for taking an examination for an Canadian radio amateurs, holding Basic Amateur Radio Operator Certificate at Qualification only, will be granted CEPT an Industry Canada office is $20 per Class 2 recognition (operation only qualification above 30 MHz) foreign radio amateurs, holding CEPT B-001-22-02 (3) Class 1 licences, receive the same Which of the following statements is privileges in Canada as Canadians with NOT correct? Basic and 12 w.p.m. qualifications A disabled candidate, taking a Morse code sending test, may be allowed to B-001-21-07 (3) recite the examination text in Morse Which of the following answers is NOT code sounds correct? Canadian radio Canadian CEPT Examinations for disabled candidates international radio licences for operation may be given orally, or tailored to the in any of the 32 CEPT member amateurs candidate's ability to complete the may apply for countries, and: examination foreign radio amateurs, holding CEPT A disabled candidate must pass a normal Class 1 licences, will receive recognition amateur radio certificate examination in Canada equal to Basic and 12 w.p.m. before being granted any qualification Canadian radio amateurs, holding Basic The fee for taking an amateur radio Qualification only, will be granted CEPT certificate examination from an Class 2 recognition (operation above 30 accredited volunteer examiner is to be MHz) negotiated foreign radio amateurs, holding CEPT Class 1 licences, will receive recognition B-001-22-03 (1) in Canada equal to Basic Qualification The fee for taking examinations for only amateur radio operator certificates by an Canadian radio amateurs, holding Basic accredited volunteer examiner is: and 12 w.p.m. qualifications, will be to be negotiated between examiner and granted CEPT Class 1 recognition candidate always $20 per qualification B-001-22-01 (2) always free of charge Which of these statements is NOT always $20 per visit regardless of the correct? number of examinations

B-001-22-04 (4) B-001-23-03 (2) The fee for taking amateur radio Which of the following statements is certificate examinations at an Industry NOT correct? Canada office is: Prior to installing an antenna structure, $20 per visit, regardless of the number of for which concerns could be raised, qualification examinations radio amateurs must consult their land- no charge for qualification examinations use authority $5 per qualification examination Radio amateurs must secure written $20 per qualification permission of Industry Canada before installing an antenna structure B-001-23-01 (2) Should an antenna structure be installed Which of these statements about erection without consulting the land-use of an antenna structure is NOT correct? authority, it must be with the acceptance There is no requirement to receive the of consequences prior approval from Industry Canada to Industry Canada expects radio amateurs construct an antenna or its structure to responsibly address any community A radio amateur may erect any size concerns, and to consider land-use antenna structure without consulting authority requests neighbours or the local land-use authority B-001-23-04 (2) Industry Canada expects radio amateurs Before erecting an antenna structure, for to address community concerns in a which community concerns could be responsible manner raised, a radio amateur must consult Prior to an installation, for which with: community concerns could be raised, Industry Canada only radio amateurs must consult with their the land-use authority, and possibly the land-use authority neighbours Industry Canada and Transport Canada B-001-23-02 (3) Industry Canada and the neighbours Which of these statements is NOT correct? B-001-24-01 (4) If a radio amateur erects an antenna What organization has published safety structure without consulting the land-use guidelines for the maximum limits of RF authority, he must accept any energy near the human body? consequences Canadian Standards Association For the purposes of environmental filing, Environment Canada amateur stations are considered to be Transport Canada Type 2 (non-site-specific) Health Canada For the purposes of environmental filing, amateur stations are considered to be Type 1 (site-specific) Before installing an antenna structure which could raise community concerns, radio amateurs must consult with the land-use authority B-001-24-02 (1) B-001-24-06 (4) What is the purpose of the Safety Code Which of the following statements is 6? NOT correct? It gives RF exposure limits for the Maximum exposure levels of RF fields human body to the general population, in the It lists all RF frequency allocations for frequency range 10 to 300 MHz, is 28 interference protection VRMS/metre (E-field) It sets transmitter power limits for Permissible exposure levels of RF fields interference protection increases as frequency is increased It sets antenna height limits for aircraft above 300 MHz protection Permissible exposure levels of RF fields increases as frequency is decreased B-001-24-03 (2) below 10 MHz According to Safety Code 6, what Permissible exposure levels of RF fields frequencies cause us the greatest risk decreases as frequency is decreased from RF energy? below 10 MHz 300 to 3000 MHz 30 to 300 MHz B-001-24-07 (2) Above 1500 MHz The permissible exposure levels of RF 3 to 30 MHz fields: decreases, as frequency is decreased B-001-24-04 (4) below 10 MHz Why is the limit of exposure to RF the increases, as frequency is increased lowest in the frequency range of 30 MHz above 300 MHz to 300 MHz, according to Safety Code increases, as frequency is increased from 6? 10 MHz to 300 MHz There are more transmitters operating in decreases, as frequency is increased this range above 300 MHz There are fewer transmitters operating in this range Most transmissions in this range are for a longer time The human body absorbs RF energy the most in this range

B-001-24-05 (2) According to Safety Code 6, what is the maximum safe power output to the antenna of a hand-held VHF or UHF radio? 10 watts not specified - the exemption for portable equipment was withdrawn in 1999 25 watts 125 milliwatts B-001-24-08 (2) system, if the field strength of the Which statement is NOT correct: amateur station signal is below ____ maximum exposure level of RF fields volts per metre, it will be deemed that for general population, in the range 10 to the affected equipment's lack of 300 MHz, is 28 V RMS per metre (E- immunity is the cause: field) 2.8 portable transmitters, operating below 1 7.9 GHz with a power output up to 7 watts, 1.83 are excluded from Safety Code 6 3.16 requirements maximum exposure level of RF fields B-001-25-02 (2) for general population, in the range 30 to In the event of interference to a 300 Mhz, is .073 A RMS per metre (H- neighbour's television receiver, if the field) field strength of the amateur station the exemption of portable transmitters, signal exceeds _____volts per metre, it operating below 1 GHz with a power will be deemed that the transmission is output up to 7 watts was removed from the cause of the problem: Safety Code 6 in 1999 14.2 1.83 B-001-24-09 (4) 28 Which statement is correct? 3.75 Safety Code 6 regulates the operation of receivers only B-001-25-03 (3) the operation of portable transmitting Which of the following is defined as equipment is of no concern in Safety "any device, machinery or equipment, Code 6 other than radio apparatus, the use or portable transmitters, operating below 1 functioning of which is, or can be, GHz, with an output power equal to, or adversely affected by less than 7 watts, are exempt from the radiocommunication emissions"? requirements of Safety Code 6 converters the exemption for portable transmitters audio and video recorders was eliminated in Safety Code 6 in 1999 radio-sensitive equipment broadcast receivers B-001-24-10 (4) The maximum exposure level of RF B-001-25-04 (1) fields for general population, in the Which of the following types of frequency range 10 to 300 MHz is ___ V equipment is NOT included in the list of RMS per metre (E-field): field strength criteria for resolution of 7 immunity complaints? 37 broadcast transmitters 0.073 broadcast receivers 28 associated equipment radio-sensitive equipment B-001-25-01 (3) In the event of interference to a neighbour's FM receiver and stereo B-002-01-01 (2) B-002-01-05 (2) What is a good way to make contact on a What is a CTCSS (or PL) tone? repeater? A tone used by repeaters to mark the end Say the other operator's name, then your of a transmission call sign three times A sub-audible tone added to a carrier Say the call sign of the station you want which may cause a receiver to accept a to contact, then your call sign signal Say, "Breaker, breaker," A special signal used for telemetry Say the call sign of the station you want between amateur space stations and to contact three times Earth stations A special signal used for telecommand B-002-01-02 (2) control of model craft What is the main purpose of a repeater? To link amateur stations with the B-002-01-06 (1) telephone system How do you call another station on a To increase the range of portable and repeater if you know the station's call mobile stations sign? To retransmit weather information Say the station's call sign, then identify during severe storm warnings your own station To make local information available 24 Say "break, break 79," then say the hours a day station's call sign Say "CQ" three times, then say the B-002-01-03 (2) station's call sign What is an autopatch? Wait for the station to call "CQ", then A device which connects a mobile answer it station to the next repeater if it moves out of range of the first B-002-01-07 (4) A device that allows repeater users to Why should you pause briefly between make telephone calls from their stations transmissions when using a repeater? A device which locks other stations out To check the SWR of the repeater of a repeater when there is an important To reach for pencil and paper for third- conversation in progress party communications Something that automatically selects the To dial up the repeater's autopatch strongest signal to be repeated To listen for anyone else wanting to use the repeater B-002-01-04 (4) What is the purpose of a repeater time- out timer? It lets a repeater have a rest period after heavy use It logs repeater transmit time to predict when a repeater will fail It tells how long someone has been using a repeater It limits the amount of time someone can transmit on a repeater B-002-01-08 (3) B-002-02-01 (4) Why should you keep transmissions To make your call sign better understood short when using a repeater? when using voice transmissions, what To keep long-distance charges down should you do? To give any listening non- hams a Use any words which start with the same chance to respond letters as your call sign for each letter of A long transmission may prevent your call someone with an emergency from using Talk louder the repeater Turn up your microphone gain To see if the receiving station operator is Use Standard International Phonetics for still awake each letter of your call sign

B-002-01-09 (4) B-002-02-02 (2) What is the proper way to break into a What can you use as an aid for correct conversation on a repeater? station identification when using phone? Wait for the end of a transmission and Q signals start calling the desired party The Standard International Phonetic Shout, "break, break!" to show that Alphabet you're eager to join the conversation Unique words of your choice Turn on an amplifier and override A speech compressor whoever is talking Say your call sign during a break B-002-02-03 (1) between transmissions What is the Standard International Phonetic for the letter A? B-002-01-10 (2) Alpha What is the proper way to ask someone Able their location when using a repeater? Adam What is your 20? America Where are you? Locations are not normally told by radio B-002-02-04 (2) What is your 12? What is the Standard International Phonetic for the letter B? B-002-01-11 (2) Brazil FM repeater operation on the 2 metre Bravo band uses one frequency for Borneo transmission and one for reception. The Baker difference in frequency between the transmit and receive frequency is B-002-02-05 (4) normally: What is the Standard International 800 kHz Phonetic for the letter D? 600 kHz Dog 1 000 kHz Denmark 400 kHz David Delta

B-002-02-06 (4) Romania What is the Standard International Phonetic for the letter E? B-002-03-01 (1) Easy What is the correct way to call "CQ" Edward when using voice? England Say "CQ" three times, followed by "this Echo is," followed by your call sign spoken three times B-002-02-07 (1) Say "CQ" once, followed by "this is," What is the Standard International followed by your call sign spoken three Phonetic for the letter G? times Golf Say "CQ" at least five times, followed George by "this is," followed by your call sign Germany spoken once Gibraltar Say "CQ" at least ten times, followed by "this is," followed by your call sign B-002-02-08 (3) spoken once What is the Standard International Phonetic for the letter I? B-002-03-02 (2) Iran How should you answer a voice CQ Italy call? India Say the other station's call sign at least Item five times phonetically, followed by "this is," then your call sign twice B-002-02-09 (4) Say the other station's call sign once, What is the Standard International followed by "this is," then your call sign Phonetic for the letter L? given phonetically Love Say the other station's call sign at least London three times, followed by "this is," and Luxembourg your call sign at least five times Lima phonetically Say the other station's call sign at least B-002-02-10 (2) ten times, followed by "this is," then What is the Standard International your call sign at least twice Phonetic for the letter P? Portugal B-002-03-03 (4) Papa What is simplex operation? Paris Transmitting and receiving over a wide Peter area Transmitting on one frequency and B-002-02-11 (1) receiving on another What is the Standard International Transmitting one-way communications Phonetic for the letter R? Transmitting and receiving on the same Romeo frequency Roger Radio B-002-03-04 (1) See if you can clearly receive the station When should you use simplex operation on the repeater's input frequency instead of a repeater? See if you can clearly receive the station When a contact is possible without using on a lower frequency band a repeater When the most reliable communications B-002-03-08 (1) are needed If you are operating simplex on a When an emergency telephone call is repeater frequency, why would it be needed good amateur practice to change to When you are traveling and need some another frequency? local information Changing the repeater's frequency is not practical B-002-03-05 (1) The repeater's output power may ruin Why should local amateur your station's receiver communications use VHF and UHF There are more repeater operators than frequencies instead of HF frequencies? simplex operators To minimize interference on HF bands Changing the repeater's frequency capable of long-distance communication requires the authorization of Industry Because greater output power is Canada permitted on VHF and UHF Because HF transmissions are not B-002-03-09 (1) propagated locally Which sideband is commonly used for Because signals are louder on VHF and 20-metre phone operation? UHF frequencies Upper Lower B-002-03-06 (3) FM Why should simplex be used where Double possible, instead of using a repeater? Your antenna's effectiveness will be B-002-03-10 (2) better tested Which sideband is commonly used on Long distance toll charges will be 3755 kHz for phone operation? avoided FM The repeater will not be tied up Lower unnecessarily Double Signal range will be increased Upper

B-002-03-07 (3) If you are talking to a station using a repeater, how would you find out if you could communicate using simplex instead? See if a third station can clearly receive both of you See if you can clearly receive a more distant repeater B-002-03-11 (4) Use twin lead instead of What is the best method to tell if a band feed lines is "open" for communication with a Tune the transmitter into a dummy load particular distant location? Ask others on your local 2 metre FM B-002-04-04 (4) repeater How can on-the-air interference be Telephone an experienced local amateur minimized during a lengthy transmitter Look at the propagation forecasts in an testing or loading-up procedure? amateur radio magazine Choose an unoccupied frequency Listen for signals from that area from an Use a non-resonant antenna amateur beacon station or a foreign Use a resonant antenna that requires no broadcast or television station on a loading-up procedure nearby frequency Use a dummy load

B-002-04-01 (2) B-002-04-05 (2) What should you do before you transmit Why would you use a dummy antenna? on any frequency? To give comparative signal reports Check your antenna for resonance at the To allow antenna tuning without causing selected frequency interference Listen to make sure others are not using It is faster to tune the frequency To reduce output power Make sure the SWR on your antenna feed line is high enough B-002-04-06 (1) Listen to make sure that someone will be If you are the net control station of a able to hear you daily HF net, what should you do if the frequency on which you normally meet B-002-04-02 (4) is in use just before the net begins? If you contact another station and your Conduct the net on a frequency 3 to 5 signal is extremely strong and perfectly kHz away from the regular net frequency readable, what adjustment might you Reduce your output power and start the make to your transmitter? net as usual Turn on your speech processor Increase your power output so that net Reduce your SWR participants will be able to hear you over Continue with your contact, making no the existing activity changes Cancel the net for that day Turn down your power output to the minimum necessary

B-002-04-03 (4) What is one way to shorten transmitter tune-up time on the air to cut down on interference? Use a random wire antenna Tune up on 40 metres first, then switch to the desired band B-002-04-07 (1) A plan devised by a club to best use a If a net is about to begin on a frequency frequency band during a contest which you and another station are using, A guideline for deviating from amateur what should you do? frequency band allocations As a courtesy to the net, move to a different frequency B-002-04-11 (4) Increase your power output to ensure Before transmitting, the first thing you that all net participants can hear you should do is: Transmit as long as possible on the ask if the frequency is occupied frequency so that no other stations may make an announcement on the frequency use it indicating that you intend to make a call Turn off your radio decrease your receiver's volume listen carefully so as not to interrupt B-002-04-08 (4) communications already in progress If propagation changes during your contact and you notice other activity on B-002-05-01 (4) the same increasing interference from What is the correct way to call "CQ" frequency, what should you do? when using Morse code? Tell the interfering stations to change Send the letters "CQ" three times, frequency, since you were there first followed by "DE", followed by your call Report the interference to your local sign sent once Amateur Auxiliary Coordinator Send the letters "CQ" ten times, Increase the output power of your followed by "DE", followed by your call transmitter to overcome the interference sign sent once Move your contact to another frequency Send the letters "CQ" over and over Send the letters "CQ" three times, B-002-04-09 (1) followed by "DE", followed by your call When selecting a single- sideband phone sign sent three times transmitting frequency, what minimum frequency separation from a contact in B-002-05-02 (4) progress should you allow (between How should you answer a Morse code suppressed carriers) to minimize "CQ" call? interference? Send your call sign four times Approximately 3 kHz Send the other station's call sign once, 150 to 500 Hz followed by "DE", followed by your call Approximately 6 kHz sign four times Approximately 10 kHz Send your call sign followed by your name, station location and a signal report B-002-04-10 (2) Send the other station's call sign twice, What is a band plan? followed by "DE", followed by your call A plan of operating schedules within an sign twice amateur band published by Industry Canada A guideline for using different operating modes within an amateur band B-002-05-03 (1) Go ahead At what speed should a Morse code CQ Best regards call be transmitted? At any speed which you can reliably B-002-05-09 (2) receive Which of the following describes full At any speed below 5 WPM break-in ? At the highest speed your keyer will Automatic keyers are used to send operate Morse code instead of hand keys At the highest speed at which you can Incoming signals are received between control the keyer transmitted Morse dots An operator must activate a manual B-002-05-04 (1) send/receive switch before and after What is the meaning of the procedural every transmission signal "CQ"? Breaking stations send the Morse code Calling any station prosign "BK" Call on the quarter hour An antenna is being tested B-002-05-10 (1) Only the station "CQ" should answer When selecting a CW transmitting frequency, what minimum frequency B-002-05-05 (2) separation from a contact in progress What is the meaning of the procedural should you allow to minimize signal "DE"? interference? Received all correctly 150 to 500 Hz From 5 to 50 Hz Calling any station 1 to 3 kHz Directional Emissions 3 to 6 kHz

B-002-05-06 (2) B-002-05-11 (2) What is the meaning of the procedural Good Morse telegraphy operators: signal "K"? always give stations a good readability End of message report Any station transmit listen to the frequency to make sure that Called station only transmit it is not in use before transmitting All received correctly save time by leaving out spaces between words B-002-05-07 (2) tune the transmitter using the operating What is meant by the term "DX"? antenna Calling any station Distant station B-002-06-01 (2) Go ahead What are "RST" signal reports? Best regards A short way to describe transmitter power B-002-05-08 (4) A short way to describe signal reception What is the meaning of the term "73"? A short way to describe sunspot activity Long distance A short way to describe ionospheric Love and kisses conditions B-002-06-02 (4) B-002-06-06 (3) What does "RST" mean in a signal What is used to measure relative signal report? strength in a receiver? Recovery, signal strength, tempo An SSB meter Recovery, signal speed, tone A signal deviation meter Readability, signal speed, tempo An S meter Readability, signal strength, tone An RST meter

B-002-06-03 (2) B-002-06-07 (2) What is the meaning of: "Your signal If the power output of a transmitter is report is 5 7"? increased by four times, how might a Your signal is readable with nearby receiver's S-meter reading considerable difficulty change? Your signal is perfectly readable and Increase by approximately four S units moderately strong Increase by approximately one S unit Your signal is perfectly readable with Decrease by approximately four S units near pure tone Decrease by approximately one S unit Your signal is perfectly readable, but weak B-002-06-08 (3) By how many times must the power B-002-06-04 (3) output of a transmitter be increased to What is the meaning of: "Your signal raise the S-meter reading on a nearby report is 3 3 "? receiver from S8 to S9? Your signal is unreadable, very weak in Approximately 5 times strength Approximately 3 times The station is located at latitude 33 Approximately 4 times degrees Approximately 2 times Your signal is readable with considerable difficulty and weak in B-002-06-09 (1) strength What does "RST 579" mean in a Morse The contact is serial number 33 code contact? Your signal is perfectly readable, B-002-06-05 (3) moderately strong, and with perfect tone What is the meaning of: "Your signal Your signal is perfectly readable, weak report is 5 9 plus 20 dB"? strength, and with perfect tone The bandwidth of your signal is 20 Your signal is fairly readable, fair decibels above linearity strength, and with perfect tone Repeat your transmission on a frequency Your signal is barely readable, 20 kHz higher moderately strong, and with faint ripple A relative signal-strength meter reading is 20 decibels greater than strength 9 Your signal strength has increased by a factor of 100

B-002-06-10 (4) QRZ? What does "RST 459" mean in a Morse code contact? B-002-07-04 (3) Your signal is very readable, very What is one meaning of the Q signal strong, and with perfect tone "QSY"? Your signal is barely readable, very Use more power weak, and with perfect tone Send faster Your signal is moderately readable, very Change frequency weak, and with hum on the tone Send more slowly Your signal is quite readable, fair strength, and with perfect tone B-002-07-05 (2) What is the meaning of the Q signal B-002-06-11 (1) "QSO"? What is the meaning of "Your signal A contact is ending report is 1 1"? A contact is in progress Your signal is unreadable, and barely A conversation is desired perceptible A contact is confirmed Your signal is 11 dB over S9 Your signal is first class in readability B-002-07-06 (1) and first class in strength What is the proper Q signal to use to ask Your signal is very readable and very if someone is calling you on CW? strong QRZ? QSL? B-002-07-01 (4) QRL? What is the meaning of the Q signal QRT? "QRS"? Interference from static B-002-07-07 (4) Send "RST" report The signal "QRM" signifies: Radio station location is: I am troubled by static Send more slowly your signals are fading is my transmission being interfered with B-002-07-02 (3) I am being interfered with What is one meaning of the Q signal "QTH"? B-002-07-08 (4) Stop sending The signal "QRN" means: My name is I am busy My location is are you troubled by static Time here is I am being interfered with I am troubled by static B-002-07-03 (1) What is the proper Q signal to use to see if a frequency is in use before transmitting on CW? QRL? QRV? QRU? B-002-07-09 (2) B-002-08-03 (3) The "Q signal" indicating that you want What is the proper distress call to use the other station to send slower is: when operating phone? QRM Say "SOS" several times QRS Say "EMERGENCY" several times QRL Say "MAYDAY" several times QRN Say "HELP" several times

B-002-07-10 (3) B-002-08-04 (3) "Who is calling me" is denoted by the What is the proper distress call to use "Q signal": when operating CW? QRK? CQD QRP? QRRR QRZ? SOS QRM? MAYDAY

B-002-07-11 (1) B-002-08-05 (3) The "Q signal" which signifies "I will What is the proper way to interrupt a call you again" is: repeater conversation to signal a distress QRX call? QRZ Say "EMERGENCY" three times QRS Say "SOS," then your call sign QRT Say "BREAK" twice, then your call sign Say "HELP" as many times as it takes to B-002-08-01 (4) get someone to answer When may you use your amateur station to transmit an "SOS" or "MAYDAY"? B-002-08-06 (3) Never Why is it a good idea to have a way to Only at specific times (at 15 and 30 operate your amateur station without minutes after the hour) using commercial AC power lines? Only in case of a severe weather watch So you will comply with rules In a life-threatening distress situation So you may operate in contests where AC power is not allowed B-002-08-02 (1) So you may provide communications in If you are in contact with another station an emergency and you hear an emergency call for help So you may use your station while on your frequency, what should you do? mobile Immediately stop your contact and take the emergency call Tell the calling station that the frequency is in use Direct the calling station to the nearest emergency net frequency Call your local police station and inform them of the emergency call

B-002-08-07 (1) B-002-08-11 (1) What is the most important accessory to If you hear distress traffic and are unable have for a hand- held radio in an to render assistance you should: emergency? maintain watch until you are certain that Several sets of charged batteries assistance will be forthcoming An extra antenna enter the details in the log book and take A portable amplifier no further action A microphone headset for hands-free take no action operation tell all other stations to cease transmitting B-002-08-08 (3) Which type of antenna would be a good B-002-09-01 (2) choice as part of a portable HF amateur What is a "QSL card"? station that could be set up in case of an A Notice of Violation from Industry emergency? Canada A parabolic dish A written proof of communication A three-element Yagi between two amateurs A dipole A postcard reminding you when your A three-element quad station license will expire A letter or postcard from an amateur pen B-002-08-09 (4) pal If you are communicating with another amateur station and hear a station in B-002-09-02 (4) distress break in, what should you do? What is an azimuthal map? Continue your communication because A map projection centered on the North you were on frequency first Pole Change to a different frequency so the A map that shows the angle at which an station in distress may have a clear amateur satellite crosses the equator channel to call for assistance A map that shows the number of degrees Immediately cease all transmissions longitude that an amateur satellite because stations in distress have appears to move westward at the equator emergency rights to the frequency A map projection centered on a Acknowledge the station in distress and particular location, used to determine the determine its location and what shortest path between points on the assistance may be needed earth's surface

B-002-08-10 (3) B-002-09-03 (4) In order of priority, a distress message What is the most useful type of map to comes before: use when orienting a directional HF no other messages antenna toward a distant station? a government priority message Mercator an urgency message Polar projection a safety message Topographical Azimuthal

B-002-09-04 (4) A well-kept log preserves your fondest A directional antenna pointed in the amateur radio memories for years long-path direction to another station is A log is important for handling generally oriented how many degrees neighbour interference complaints from its short-path heading? 45 degrees B-002-09-08 (1) 90 degrees Why would it be useful to have an 270 degrees azimuthal world map centred on the 180 degrees location of your station? Because it shows the compass bearing B-002-09-05 (1) from your station to any place on earth, What method is used by radio amateurs for antenna planning and pointing to provide written proof of Because it looks impressive communication between two amateur Because it shows the angle at which an stations? amateur satellite crosses the equator A signed post card listing contact date, Because it shows the number of degrees time, frequency, mode and power, called longitude that an amateur satellite moves a "QSL card" west A two-page letter containing a photograph of the operator B-002-09-09 (1) A radiogram sent over the CW traffic net Station logs and confirmation (QSL) A packet message cards are always kept in UTC (Universal Time Coordinated). Where is that time B-002-09-06 (3) based? You hear other local stations talking to Greenwich, England radio amateurs in New Zealand but you Geneva, Switzerland don't hear those stations with your beam Ottawa, Canada aimed on the normal compass bearing to Newington, CT New Zealand. What should you try? Point your antenna toward Newington, B-002-09-10 (1) CT When referring to contacts in the station Point your antenna to the north log, what do the letters UTC mean? Point your beam 180 degrees away from Universal Time Coordinated (formerly that bearing and listen for the stations Greenwich Mean Time - GMT) arriving on the "long-path" Universal Time Constant Point your antenna to the south Unlisted Telephone Call Unlimited Time Capsule B-002-09-07 (2) Which statement about recording all B-002-09-11 (3) contacts and unanswered "CQ calls" in a To set your station clock accurately to station logbook or computer log IS NOT UTC, you could receive the most correct? accurate time off the air from ______? A log is important for recording contacts A non-directional beacon station for operating awards Your local television station A logbook is required by Industry CHU, WWV or WWVH Canada Your local radio station B-003-01-01 (1) Low pass filter A low pass filter in an HF station is most Antenna switch effective when connected: SWR bridge as close as possible to the transceiver output B-003-01-06 (1) as close as possible to the antenna tuner Of the components in an HF station, output which component would be used to as close as possible to the antenna match impedances between the midway between the transceiver and transceiver and antenna? antenna Antenna tuner Antenna switch B-003-01-02 (4) Dummy load A low pass filter in an HF station is most SWR bridge effective when connected: as close as possible to the antenna B-003-01-07 (4) as close as possible to the antenna tuner In an HF station, which component is output temporarily connected in the tuning as close as possible to the linear process? amplifier input SWR bridge as close as possible to the linear Low pass filter amplifier output Antenna tuner Dummy load B-003-01-03 (2) In designing an HF station, which B-003-01-08 (1) component would you use to reduce the In an HF station, the antenna tuner is effects of harmonic radiation? usually used for matching the transceiver Dummy load with: Low pass filter most antennas when operating below 14 Antenna switch MHz SWR bridge most antennas when operating above 14 MHz B-003-01-04 (1) mono-band Yagi type antennas Which component in an HF station is the tri-band Yagi antennas most useful for determining the effectiveness of the antenna system? B-003-01-09 (4) SWR bridge In an HF Station, the antenna tuner is Antenna switch commonly used: Linear amplifier with most antennas when operating Dummy load above 14 MHz to tune into dummy loads B-003-01-05 (3) to tune low pass filters Of the components in an HF station, with most antennas when operating which component would normally be below 14 MHz connected closest to the antenna, antenna tuner and dummy load? Transceiver B-003-02-01 (1) B-003-02-06 (2) In a frequency modulation transmitter, In a frequency modulation transmitter, the input to the speech amplifier is the ______is located between the connected to the: frequency multiplier and the antenna. microphone modulator modulator power amplifier power amplifier speech amplifier frequency multiplier oscillator

B-003-02-02 (3) B-003-02-07 (3) In a frequency modulation transmitter, In a frequency modulation transmitter, the microphone is connected to the: the power amplifier output is connected modulator to the: power amplifier frequency multiplier speech amplifier microphone oscillator antenna modulator B-003-02-03 (1) In a frequency modulation transmitter, B-003-03-01 (3) the ______is in between the speech In a frequency modulation receiver, the amplifier and the oscillator. ______is connected to the input of modulator the radio frequency amplifier. power amplifier mixer microphone frequency discriminator frequency multiplier antenna limiter B-003-02-04 (2) In a frequency modulation transmitter, B-003-03-02 (4) the ______is located between the In a frequency modulation receiver, the modulator and the frequency multiplier. ______is in between the antenna speech amplifier and the mixer. oscillator audio frequency amplifier power amplifier high frequency oscillator microphone intermediate frequency amplifier radio frequency amplifier B-003-02-05 (1) In a frequency modulation transmitter, B-003-03-03 (4) the ______is located between the In a frequency modulation receiver, the oscillator and the power amplifier. output of the high frequency oscillator is frequency multiplier fed to the: microphone radio frequency amplifier speech amplifier limiter modulator antenna mixer

B-003-03-04 (4) frequency discriminator In a frequency modulation receiver, the output of the______is connected B-003-03-09 (4) to the mixer. In a frequency modulation receiver, the frequency discriminator ______is located between the intermediate frequency amplifier speaker and/or headphones and the speaker and/or headphones frequency discriminator. high frequency oscillator limiter intermediate frequency amplifier B-003-03-05 (1) radio frequency amplifier In a frequency modulation receiver, audio frequency amplifier the______is in between the mixer and the intermediate frequency B-003-03-10 (3) amplifier. In a frequency modulation receiver, the filter ______connects to the audio limiter frequency amplifier output frequency discriminator intermediate frequency amplifier radio frequency amplifier frequency discriminator speaker and/or headphones B-003-03-06 (2) limiter In a frequency modulation receiver, the ______is located between the filter B-003-04-01 (3) and the limiter. In a CW transmitter, the output from the high frequency oscillator ______is connected to the intermediate frequency amplifier driver/buffer. mixer power amplifier radio frequency amplifier telegraph key master oscillator B-003-03-07 (3) power supply In a frequency modulation receiver, the______is in between the B-003-04-02 (2) intermediate frequency amplifier and the In a typical CW transmitter, the frequency discriminator. ______is the primary source of filter direct current. high frequency oscillator driver/buffer limiter power supply radio frequency amplifier power amplifier master oscillator B-003-03-08 (4) In a frequency modulation receiver, the ______is located between the limiter and the audio frequency amplifier. intermediate frequency amplifier speaker and/or headphones high frequency oscillator B-003-04-03 (2) In a single sideband and CW receiver, In a CW transmitter, the______is the output of the ______is between the master oscillator and the connected to the mixer. power amplifier. filter audio amplifier intermediate frequency amplifier driver/buffer audio frequency amplifier power supply radio frequency amplifier telegraph key B-003-05-03 (3) B-003-04-04 (3) In a single sideband and CW receiver, In a CW transmitter, the______the ______is connected to the radio controls when RF energy is applied to frequency amplifier and the high the antenna. frequency oscillator. master oscillator beat frequency oscillator driver/buffer product detector telegraph key mixer power amplifier filter

B-003-04-05 (2) B-003-05-04 (2) In a CW transmitter, the In a single sideband and CW receiver, ______is in between the the output of the ______is driver/buffer stage and the antenna. connected to the mixer. power supply intermediate frequency amplifier power amplifier high frequency oscillator telegraph key beat frequency oscillator master oscillator product detector

B-003-04-06 (1) B-003-05-05 (1) In a CW transmitter, the output of the In a single sideband and CW receiver, ______is transferred to the the ______is in between the antenna. mixer and intermediate frequency power amplifier amplifier. driver/buffer filter power supply radio frequency amplifier master oscillator beat frequency oscillator product detector B-003-05-01 (4) In a single sideband and CW receiver, B-003-05-06 (1) the antenna is connected to the In a single sideband and CW receiver, ______. the ______is in between the filter product detector and product detector. high frequency oscillator intermediate frequency amplifier intermediate frequency amplifier audio frequency amplifier radio frequency amplifier beat frequency oscillator radio frequency amplifier B-003-05-02 (4) B-003-05-07 (1) B-003-06-02 (2) In a single sideband and CW receiver, In a single sideband transmitter, the the ______output is connected to output of the ______is the audio frequency amplifier. connected to the filter. product detector microphone high frequency oscillator balanced modulator beat frequency oscillator mixer intermediate frequency amplifier radio frequency oscillator

B-003-05-08 (2) B-003-06-03 (3) In a single sideband and CW receiver, In a single sideband transmitter, the the output of the ______is ______is in between the connected to the product detector. balanced modulator and the mixer. mixer radio frequency oscillator beat frequency oscillator speech amplifier radio frequency amplifier filter audio frequency amplifier microphone

B-003-05-09 (2) B-003-06-04 (4) In a single sideband and CW receiver, In a single sideband transmitter, the the ______is connected to the ______is connected to the output of the product detector. speech amplifier. intermediate frequency amplifier radio frequency oscillator audio frequency amplifier filter high frequency oscillator mixer radio frequency amplifier microphone

B-003-05-10 (1) B-003-06-05 (3) In a single sideband and CW receiver, In a single sideband transmitter, the the ______is connected to the output of the ______is connected output of the audio frequency amplifier. to the balanced modulator. speaker and/or headphones filter mixer variable frequency oscillator radio frequency amplifier speech amplifier beat frequency oscillator linear amplifier

B-003-06-01 (1) B-003-06-06 (4) In a single sideband transmitter, the In a single sideband transmitter, the output of the ______is connected to output of the variable frequency the balanced modulator. oscillator is connected to the radio frequency oscillator ______. variable frequency oscillator antenna linear amplifier balanced modulator mixer linear amplifier mixer

B-003-06-07 (1) B-003-07-03 (1) In a single sideband transmitter, the In a digital system, the transceiver is output of the ______is connected to connected to the ______. the mixer. modem variable frequency oscillator computer radio frequency oscillator scanner linear amplifier input/output antenna B-003-07-04 (2) B-003-06-08 (2) In a digital system, the modem is In an single sideband transmitter, the connected to the ______. ______is in between the mixer input/output and the antenna. transceiver variable frequency oscillator scanner linear amplifier antenna balanced modulator radio frequency oscillator B-003-08-01 (2) In a regulated power supply, the B-003-06-09 (1) transformer connects to an external In a single sideband transmitter, the source which is referred to as output of the linear amplifier is ______. connected to the ______. regulator antenna input filter filter variable frequency oscillator rectifier speech amplifier B-003-08-02 (1) B-003-07-01 (4) In a regulated power supply, the In a digital system, the ______is between the input ______is controlled by and the rectifier. the computer. transformer antenna output power supply regulator transceiver filter input/output B-003-08-03 (1) B-003-07-02 (2) In a regulated power supply, the In a digital system, the modem is ______is between the connected to the ______. transformer and the filter. amplifier rectifier computer input antenna output input/output regulator

B-003-08-04 (1) B-003-09-03 (3) In a regulated power supply, the output In a Yagi-Uda 3 element directional of the rectifier is connected to the antenna, the ______is the ______. shortest radiating element. filter boom output reflector transformer director regulator driven element

B-003-08-05 (1) B-003-09-04 (3) In a regulated power supply, the output In a Yagi-Uda 3 element directional of the filter connects to the antenna, the ______is not the ______. longest nor the shortest radiating regulator element. transformer boom rectifier director output driven element reflector B-003-08-06 (1) In a regulated power supply, the B-003-10-01 (3) ______is connected to the Which list of emission types is in order regulator. from the narrowest bandwidth to the output widest bandwidth? rectifier CW, SSB voice, RTTY, FM voice input CW, FM voice, RTTY, SSB voice transformer CW, RTTY, SSB voice, FM voice RTTY, CW, SSB voice, FM voice B-003-09-01 (4) In a Yagi-Uda 3 element directional B-003-10-02 (1) antenna, the ______is primarily The figure in a receiver's specifications for mechanical purposes. which indicates its sensitivity is the: reflector signal plus noise to noise ratio driven element audio output in watts director bandwidth of the IF in kilohertz boom number of RF amplifiers

B-003-09-02 (3) B-003-10-03 (3) In a Yagi-Uda 3 element directional If two receivers of different sensitivity antenna, the ______is the longest are compared, the less sensitive receiver radiating element. will produce: director a steady oscillator drift driven element more than one signal reflector less signal or more noise boom more signal or less noise

B-003-10-04 (4) sensitivity, selectivity and image Which of the following modes of rejection transmission is usually detected with a sensitivity, selectivity and stability product detector? Double sideband full carrier B-003-10-09 (2) Frequency modulation A communications receiver has four Pulse modulation filters installed in it, one at 250 Hz, one Single sideband suppressed carrier at 500 Hz, one at 2.4 kHz, and one at 6 kHz. If you were listening to single B-003-10-05 (3) sideband, which filter would you utilize? A receiver designed for SSB reception 250 Hz must have a BFO (beat frequency 2.4 kHz oscillator) because: 6 kHz it beats with the received carrier to 500 Hz produce the other sideband it reduces the passband of the IF stages B-003-10-10 (4) the suppressed carrier must be replaced A communications receiver has four for detection filters installed in it, one at 250 Hz, one it phases out the unwanted sideband at 500 Hz, one at 2.4 kHz and one at 6 signal kHz. You are copying a CW transmission and there is a great deal of B-003-10-06 (3) interference. Which one of the filters A receiver receives an incoming signal would you choose? of 3.54 MHz, and the local oscillator 500 Hz produces a signal of 3.995 MHz. To 2.4 kHz which frequency should the IF be tuned? 6 kHz 7.435 MHz 250 Hz 3.995 MHz 455 kHz B-003-10-11 (3) 3.54 MHz Selectivity can be placed in the audio stages of a receiver by the utilization of B-003-10-07 (1) RC active or passive audio filters. If you What kind of filter would you use to were to copy CW, which of the attenuate an interfering carrier signal following bandpasses would you while receiving an SSB transmission? choose? A notch filter 2100 - 2300 Hz A band pass filter 300 - 2700 Hz An all pass filter 750 - 850 Hz A pi-network filter 100 - 1100 Hz

B-003-10-08 (4) The three main parameters against which the quality of a receiver is measured are: selectivity, stability and frequency range sensitivity, stability and cross- modulation B-003-11-01 (2) What does chirp mean? Frequency shift keying A high-pitched tone which is received along with a CW signal B-003-11-06 (3) A small change in a transmitter's Morse code is usually transmitted by frequency each time it is keyed radio as: A slow change in transmitter frequency a series of key-clicks as the circuit warms up a continuous carrier An overload in a receiver's audio circuit an interrupted carrier whenever CW is received a voice-modulated carrier

B-003-11-02 (2) B-003-11-07 (3) What can be done to keep a CW A mismatched antenna or feedline may transmitter from chirping? present an incorrect load to the Add a key-click filter transmitter. The result may be: Keep the power supply voltages very loss of modulation in the transmitted steady signal Keep the power supply current very the driver stage will not deliver power to steady the final excessive heat produced in the final transmitter stage B-003-11-03 (2) the output tank circuit breaks down What circuit has a variable-frequency oscillator connected to a driver and a B-003-11-08 (3) power amplifier? One result of a slight mismatch between A crystal-controlled transmitter the power amplifier of a transmitter and A VFO-controlled transmitter the antenna would be: A single-sideband transmitter smaller DC current drain A packet-radio transmitter lower modulation percentage reduced antenna radiation B-003-11-04 (2) radiated key-clicks What type of modulation system changes the amplitude of an RF wave for B-003-11-09 (3) the purpose of conveying information? An RF oscillator should be electrically and mechanically stable. This is to Amplitude modulation ensure that the oscillator does not: Amplitude-rectification modulation become over modulated Frequency modulation generate key-clicks drift in frequency B-003-11-05 (3) cause undue distortion In what emission type does the instantaneous amplitude (envelope) of the RF signal vary in accordance with the modulating audio? Frequency modulation Pulse modulation B-003-11-10 (1) It may cause interference to other The input power to the final stage of stations operating on a higher frequency your transmitter is 200 watts and the band output is 125 watts. What has happened It may cause splatter interference to to the remaining power? other stations operating near its It has been dissipated as heat loss frequency It has been used to provide greater efficiency B-003-12-03 (2) It has been used to provide negative What is the term for the average power feedback supplied to an antenna It has been used to provide positive during one RF cycle, at the crest of the feedback modulation envelope? Peak output power B-003-11-11 (2) Peak envelope power The difference between DC input power Average radio-frequency power and RF output power of a transmitter RF Peak transmitter power amplifier: is lost in the feed line B-003-12-04 (4) appears as heat dissipation What is the usual bandwidth of a single- is due to oscillating sideband amateur signal? radiates from the antenna 1 kHz 2 kHz B-003-12-01 (3) Between 3 and 6 kHz What may happen if an SSB transmitter Between 2 and 3 kHz is operated with the microphone gain set too high? B-003-12-05 (2) It may cause interference to other In a typical single-sideband phone stations operating on a higher frequency transmitter, what circuit processes band signals from the balanced modulator and It may cause atmospheric interference in sends signals to the mixer? the air around the antenna IF amplifier It may cause splatter interference to Filter other stations operating near its RF amplifier frequency Carrier oscillator It may cause digital interference to computer equipment

B-003-12-02 (4) What may happen if an SSB transmitter is operated with too much speech processing? It may cause digital interference to computer equipment It may cause atmospheric interference in the air around the antenna B-003-12-06 (1) make sure that the carrier and both What is one advantage of carrier are in phase suppression in a double-sideband phone suppress the carrier and pass on the two transmission? sidebands More power can be put into the sidebands B-003-12-10 (2) Only half the bandwidth is required for In a SSB transmission, the carrier is: the same information content transmitted with one sideband Greater modulation percentage is reinserted at the receiver obtainable with lower distortion inserted at the transmitter Simpler equipment can be used to of no use at the receiver receive a double-sideband suppressed- carrier signal B-003-12-11 (2) The automatic level control (ALC) in a B-003-12-07 (4) SSB transmitter : What happens to the signal of an eliminates the transmitter distortion overmodulated single-sideband or controls the peak audio input so that the double-sideband phone transmitter? final amplifier is not overdriven It becomes louder with no other effects increases the occupied bandwidth It occupies less bandwidth with poor reduces the system noise high-frequency response It has higher fidelity and improved B-003-13-01 (4) signal-to-noise ratio What may happen if an FM transmitter It becomes distorted and occupies more is operated with the microphone gain or bandwidth deviation control set too high? It may cause digital interference to B-003-12-08 (1) computer equipment How should the microphone gain control It may cause atmospheric interference in be adjusted on a single-sideband phone the air around the antenna transmitter? It may cause interference to other For slight movement of the ALC meter stations operating on a higher frequency on modulation peaks band For full deflection of the ALC meter on It may cause interference to other modulation peaks stations operating near its frequency For 100% frequency deviation on modulation peaks For a dip in plate current

B-003-12-09 (4) The purpose of a balanced modulator in an SSB transmitter is to: make sure that the carrier and both sidebands are 180o out of phase ensure that the percentage of modulation is kept constant B-003-13-02 (1) B-003-13-06 (1) What may your FM hand-held or mobile What is the usual bandwidth of a transceiver do if you shout into its frequency-modulated amateur signal? microphone? Between 10 and 20 kHz It may cause interference to other Less than 5 kHz stations operating near its frequency Between 5 and 10 kHz It may cause digital interference to Greater than 20 kHz computer equipment It may cause atmospheric interference in B-003-13-07 (1) the air around the antenna What is the result of overdeviation in an It may cause interference to other FM transmitter? stations operating on a higher frequency Out-of-channel emissions band Increased transmitter power Increased transmitter range B-003-13-03 (4) Poor carrier suppression What can you do if you are told your FM hand-held or mobile transceiver is B-003-13-08 (4) overdeviating? What emission is produced by a Talk louder into the microphone reactance modulator connected to an RF Let the transceiver cool off power amplifier? Change to a higher power level Multiplex modulation Talk farther away from the microphone Amplitude modulation Pulse modulation B-003-13-04 (3) Phase modulation What kind of emission would your FM transmitter produce if its microphone B-003-13-09 (4) failed to work? Why isn't frequency modulated (FM) A frequency-modulated carrier phone used below 29.5 MHz? An amplitude-modulated carrier The transmitter efficiency for this mode An unmodulated carrier is low A phase-modulated carrier Harmonics could not be attenuated to practical levels B-003-13-05 (1) The frequency stability would not be Why is FM voice best for local adequate VHF/UHF radio communications? The bandwidth would exceed limits in It has high-fidelity audio which can be the Regulations understood even when the signal is somewhat weak The carrier is not detectable It is more resistant to distortion caused by reflected signals Its RF carrier stays on frequency better than the AM modes

B-003-13-10 (1) What would you connect to a transceiver You are transmitting FM on the 2 metre for voice operation? band. Several stations advise you that A receiver audio filter your transmission is distorted. A quick A terminal-voice controller check with a frequency counter tells you A microphone that the transmitter is on the proper A splatter filter frequency. Which of the following is the most probable cause of the distortion? B-003-14-04 (3) The frequency deviation of your Why might a dummy antenna get warm transmitter is set too high when in use? The power supply output voltage is low Because it absorbs static electricity The repeater is reversing your sidebands Because it stores radio waves The frequency counter is giving an Because it changes RF energy into heat incorrect reading and you are indeed off Because it stores electric current frequency B-003-14-05 (4) B-003-13-11 (4) What is the circuit called which causes a FM receivers perform in an unusual transmitter to automatically transmit manner when two or more stations are when an operator speaks into its present. The loudest signal, even though microphone? it is only two or three times as loud as VXO the other signals, will be the only VCO transmission demodulated. This is VFO called: VOX attach effect interference effect B-003-14-06 (1) surrender effect What is the reason for using a properly capture effect adjusted speech processor with a single- sideband phone transmitter? B-003-14-01 (1) It improves signal intelligibility at the What do many amateurs use to help receiver form good Morse code characters? It reduces average transmitter power An electronic keyer requirements A key-operated on/off switch It reduces unwanted noise pickup from A notch filter the microphone A DTMF keypad It improves voice frequency fidelity

B-003-14-02 (1) B-003-14-07 (1) Where would you connect a microphone If a single-sideband phone transmitter is for voice operation? 100% modulated, what will a speech To a transceiver processor do to the transmitter's power? To a power supply It will add nothing to the output PEP To an antenna switch It will increase the output PEP To an antenna It will decrease the peak power output It will decrease the average power output B-003-14-03 (3) B-003-14-08 (1) B-003-15-01 (4) When switching from receive to What does "connected" mean in a transmit: packet-radio link? the receiver should be muted A telephone link is working between two the transmit oscillator should be turned stations off A message has reached an amateur the receiving antenna should be station for local delivery connected A transmitting and receiving station are the power supply should be off using a digipeater, so no other contacts can take place until they are finished B-003-14-09 (2) A transmitting station is sending data to A switching system to enable the use of only one receiving station; it replies that one antenna for a transmitter and the data is being received correctly receiver should also: ground the antenna on receive B-003-15-02 (2) disable the unit not being used What does "monitoring" mean on a switch between meters packet-radio frequency? disconnect the antenna tuner A member of the Amateur Auxiliary is copying all messages B-003-14-10 (1) A receiving station is displaying An antenna changeover switch in a messages that may not be sent to it, and transmitter-receiver combination is is not replying to any message necessary: A receiving station is displaying all so that one antenna can be used for messages sent to it, and replying that the transmitter and receiver messages are being received correctly to change antennas for operation on Industry Canada is monitoring all other frequencies messages to prevent RF currents entering the receiver circuits B-003-15-03 (3) to allow more than one transmitter to be What is a digipeater? used A repeater built using only digital electronics parts B-003-14-11 (3) A repeater that changes audio signals to Which of the following components digital data could be used as a dynamic microphone? A packet-radio station that retransmits crystal earpiece only data that is marked to be resistor retransmitted loudspeaker A packet-radio station that retransmits capacitor any data that it receives

B-003-15-04 (1) Approximately 6 kHz What does "network" mean in packet Approximately 3 kHz radio? 250 to 500 Hz A way of connecting packet-radio 60 Hz stations so data can be sent over long distances B-003-15-08 (3) A way of connecting terminal- Digital transmissions use signals called controllers by telephone so data can be ______to transmit the states 1 and sent over long distances 0 The connections on terminal-node packet and AMTOR controllers baudot and ASCII The programming in a terminal-node mark and space controller that rejects other callers if a dot and dash station is already connected B-003-15-09 (2) B-003-15-05 (4) Which of the following terms does not In packet-radio operation, what apply to packet? equipment connects to a terminal-node ASCII controller? Baudot A transceiver and a modem Terminal-Node Controller (TNC) A DTMF keypad, a monitor and a AX.25 transceiver A DTMF microphone, a monitor and a B-003-15-10 (3) transceiver When using AMTOR transmissions, A transceiver and a terminal or computer there are two modes that may be utilized. system Mode A uses Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) protocol and is normally used: B-003-15-06 (1) at all times. Mode B is for test purposes How would you modulate a 2 meter FM only transceiver to produce packet-radio only when communications have been emissions? completed Connect a terminal-node controller to for communications after contact has the transceiver's microphone input been established Connect a terminal-node controller to when making a general call interrupt the transceiver's carrier wave Connect a keyboard to the transceiver's B-003-15-11 (4) microphone input What is the most common data rate used Connect a DTMF key pad to the for VHF packet communications? transceiver's microphone input 300 baud 9600 baud B-003-15-07 (3) 2400 baud When selecting a RTTY transmitting 1200 baud frequency, what minimum frequency separation from a contact in progress should you allow (center to center) to minimize interference? B-003-16-01 (3) B-003-16-06 (2) How much voltage does a standard A dry cell has a nominal voltage of 1.5 automobile battery usually supply ? volt. When supplying a great deal of About 240 volts current, the voltage may drop to 1.2 volt. About 120 volts This is due to the cell's: About 12 volts electrolyte becoming dry About 9 volts internal resistance current capacity B-003-16-02 (4) voltage capacity Which component has a positive and a negative side? B-003-16-07 (1) A potentiometer The most common primary cell in use A fuse today is the carbon-zinc or flashlight A resistor cell. This cell can be recharged: A battery never twice B-003-16-03 (3) many times A cell, that can be repeatedly recharged once by supplying it with electrical energy, is known as a: B-003-16-08 (4) low leakage cell All storage batteries have discharge memory cell limits, and nickel-cadmium, the type storage cell most used in hand-held portables, should primary cell not be discharged to less than: 0.5 volt per cell B-003-16-04 (2) 1.5 volt per cell Which of the following is a source of 0.2 volt per cell EMF? 1.0 volt per cell germanium diode lead acid battery B-003-16-09 (1) P channel FET To increase the current capacity of a cell, carbon resistor several cells should be connected in: parallel B-003-16-05 (2) series An important difference between a parallel resonant conventional flashlight battery and a series resonant lead acid battery is that only the lead acid battery: B-003-16-10 (4) has two terminals To increase the voltage output, several can be repeatedly recharged cells are connected in: can be completely discharged parallel contains an electrolyte series-parallel resonance series

B-003-16-11 (1) B-003-17-05 (4) A nickel-cadmium battery should never A power supply is to supply DC at 12 be: volts at 5 amperes. The power short-circuited transformer should be rated higher than: recharged 17 watts left disconnected 2.4 watts left overnight at room temperature 6 watts 60 watts B-003-17-01 (1) If your mobile transceiver works in your B-003-17-06 (2) car but not in your home, what should The diode is an important part of a you check first? simple power supply. It converts AC to The power supply DC, since it: The speaker has a high resistance to AC but not to The microphone DC The SWR meter allows electrons to flow in only one direction from cathode to anode B-003-17-02 (2) has a high resistance to DC but not to What device converts household current AC to 12 VDC? allows electrons to flow in only one A low pass filter direction from anode to cathode A power supply An RS-232 interface B-003-17-07 (3) A catalytic converter To convert AC to pulsating DC, you could use a: B-003-17-03 (3) transformer Which of these usually needs a heavy- capacitor duty power supply? diode An antenna switch resistor A receiver A transceiver B-003-17-08 (1) An SWR meter Power-line voltages have been made standard over the years and the voltages B-003-17-04 (1) generally supplied to homes are What may cause a buzzing or hum in the approximately: signal of an AC-powered transmitter? 120 and 240 volts A bad filter capacitor in the transmitter's 110 and 220 volts power supply 100 and 200 volts Using an antenna which is the wrong 130 and 260 volts length Energy from another transmitter Bad design of the transmitter's RF power output circuit

B-003-17-09 (4) B-003-18-02 (3) So-called "transformerless" power How could you best keep unauthorized supplies are used in some applications persons from using a mobile amateur (notably tube-type radios and TV station in your car? receivers). When working on such Tune the radio to an unused frequency equipment, one should be very careful when you are done using it because: Turn the radio off when you are not DC circuits are negative relative to the using it chassis Disconnect the microphone when you chassis connections are grounded by the are not using it centre pin of the power source's plug Put a "Do not touch" sign on the radio the load across the power supply is variable B-003-18-03 (4) one side of the line cord is connected to Why would you use a key- operated the chassis on/off switch in the main power line of your station? B-003-17-10 (2) For safety, in case the main fuses fail If household voltages are consistently To keep the power company from high or low at your location, this can be turning off your electricity during an corrected by the use of: emergency a full-wave bridge rectifier For safety, to turn off the station in the an autotransformer event of an emergency a variable voltmeter To keep unauthorized persons from a proper load resistance using your station

B-003-17-11 (1) B-003-18-04 (1) You have a very loud low- frequency Why would there be a switch in a high- hum appearing on your transmission. In voltage power supply to turn off the what part of the transmitter would you power if its cabinet is opened? first look for the trouble? To keep anyone opening the cabinet the power supply from getting shocked by dangerous high the variable-frequency oscillator voltages the driver circuit To keep dangerous RF radiation from the power amplifier circuit leaking out through an open cabinet To keep dangerous RF radiation from B-003-18-01 (1) coming in through an open cabinet How could you best keep unauthorized To turn the power supply off when it is persons from using your amateur station not being used at home? Use a key-operated on/off switch in the main power line Use a carrier-operated relay in the main power line Put a "Danger - High Voltage" sign in the station Put fuses in the main power line B-003-18-05 (4) B-003-18-09 (1) How little electrical current flowing What is the safest method to remove an through the human body can be fatal? unconscious person from contact with a Approximately 10 amperes high voltage source? More than 20 amperes Turn off the high voltage switch before Current flow through the human body is removing the person from contact with never fatal the source As little as 1/10 of an ampere Wrap the person in a blanket and pull him to a safe area B-003-18-06 (1) Call an electrician Which body organ can be fatally Remove the person by pulling an arm or affected by a very small amount of a leg electrical current? The heart B-003-18-10 (1) The brain Before checking a fault in a mains The liver operated power supply unit, it would be The lungs safest to FIRST: turn off the power and remove power B-003-18-07 (4) plug What is the minimum voltage which is short out leads of filter capacitor usually dangerous to humans? check action of capacitor bleeder 100 volts resistance 1000 volts remove and check fuse from power 2000 volts supply 30 volts B-003-18-11 (1) B-003-18-08 (3) Fault finding in a power supply of an What should you do if you discover amateur transmitter while the supply is someone who is being burned by high operating is not a recommended voltage? technique because of the risk of: Wait for a few minutes to see if the electric shock person can get away from the high damaging the transmitter voltage on their own, then try to help overmodulation Immediately drag the person away from blowing the fuse the high voltage Turn off the power, call for emergency B-003-19-01 (2) help and give CPR if needed For best protection from electrical shock, Run from the area so you won't be what should be grounded in an amateur burned too station? The antenna feed line All station equipment The AC power line The power supply primary

B-003-19-02 (1) Because the transceiver's heat-sensing If a separate ground system is not circuit is not working to start the cooling possible for your amateur station, an fan alternative indoor grounding point could Because the ground wire is a resonant be: length on several HF bands and acts a metallic cold water pipe more like an antenna than an RF ground a plastic cold water pipe connection a window screen Because the ground rod is not making a metallic natural gas pipe good contact with moist earth

B-003-19-03 (1) B-003-19-08 (3) To protect you against electrical shock, What is one good way to avoid stray RF the chassis of each piece of your station energy in your amateur station? equipment should be connected to: Make a couple of loops in the ground a good ground connection wire where it connects to your station a dummy load Drive the ground rod at least 420 cm (14 insulated shock mounts feet) into the ground the antenna Keep the station's ground wire as short as possible B-003-19-04 (4) Use a beryllium ground wire for best Which of these materials is best for a conductivity ground rod driven into the earth? Hard plastic B-003-19-09 (3) Iron or steel Which statement about station grounding Fiberglass is true? Copper-clad steel A ground loop is an effective way to ground station equipment B-003-19-06 (3) If the chassis of all station equipment is Where should the green wire in a three- connected with a good conductor, there wire AC line cord be connected in a is no need to tie them to an earth ground power supply? RF hot spots can occur in a station To the white wire located above the ground floor if the To the "hot" side of the power switch equipment is grounded by a long ground To the chassis wire To the fuse The chassis of each piece of station equipment should be tied together with B-003-19-07 (3) high- impedance conductors If your third-floor amateur station has a ground wire running 10.05 metres (33 feet) down to a ground rod, why might you get an RF burn if you touch the front panel of your HF transceiver? Because of a bad antenna connection, allowing the RF energy to take an easier path out of the transceiver through you B-003-19-10 (4) Ground all antennas when they are not in On mains operated power supplies, the use ground wire should be connected to the metal chassis of the power supply. This B-003-20-03 (1) ensures, in case there is a fault in the How can amateur station equipment best power supply, that the chassis: be protected from lightning damage? does not become conductive to prevent Disconnect all equipment from the electric shock power lines and antenna cables becomes conductive to prevent electric Use heavy insulation on the wiring shock Never turn off the equipment develops a high voltage compared to the Disconnect the ground system from all ground radios does not develop a high voltage with respect to the ground B-003-20-04 (2) What equipment should be worn for B-003-19-11 (2) working on an antenna tower? The purpose of using a three- wire A reflective vest of approved color power cord and plug on amateur radio Approved equipment in accordance with equipment is to: provincial safety standards concerning prevent the plug from being reversed in climbing the wall outlet A flashing red, yellow or white light prevent the chassis from becoming live A grounding chain in case of an internal short to the chassis prevent short circuits B-003-20-05 (3) make it inconvenient to use Why should you wear a safety belt if you are working on an antenna tower? B-003-20-01 (2) To safely bring any tools you might use Why should you ground all antenna and up and down the tower rotator cables when your amateur station To keep the tower from becoming is not in use? unbalanced while you are working To lock the antenna system in one To prevent you from accidentally falling position To safely hold your tools so they don't To protect the station and building from fall and injure someone on the ground lightning damage To avoid radio frequency interference B-003-20-06 (3) To make sure everything will stay in For safety, how high should you place a place horizontal wire antenna? Above high-voltage electrical lines B-003-20-02 (4) Just high enough so you can easily reach How can an antenna system be protected it for adjustments or repairs from lightning damage? High enough so that no one can touch Install a balun at the antenna feed point any part of it from the ground Install an RF choke in the antenna feed As close to the ground as possible line Install a fuse in the antenna feed line

B-003-20-07 (4) Be sure you and the antenna structure Why should you wear a hard hat if you are grounded are on the ground helping someone work Inform your neighbors so they are aware on an antenna tower? of your intentions So you won't be hurt if the tower should Turn off the main power switch in your accidentally fall house To keep RF energy away from your head during antenna testing B-003-20-11 (3) So someone passing by will know that What precaution should you take when work is being done on the tower and will installing a ground-mounted antenna? stay away It should be painted so people or animals To protect your head from something do not accidentally run into it dropped from the tower It should not be installed in a wet area It should be installed so no one can come B-003-20-08 (3) in contact with it Why should your outside antennas be It should not be installed higher than you high enough so that no one can touch can reach them while you are transmitting? Touching the antenna might reflect the B-003-21-01 (1) signal back to the transmitter and cause What should you do for safety when damage operating at 1270 MHz? Touching the antenna might radiate Keep antenna away from your eyes harmonics when RF is applied Touching the antenna might cause RF Make sure that an RF leakage filter is burns installed at the antenna feed point Touching the antenna might cause Make sure the standing wave ratio is low television interference before you conduct a test Never use a horizontally polarized B-003-20-09 (2) antenna Why should you make sure that no one can touch an open-wire feed line while B-003-21-02 (2) you are transmitting with it? What should you do for safety if you put Because contact might break the feed up a UHF transmitting antenna? line Make sure the antenna is near the ground Because high-voltage radio energy might to keep its RF energy pointing in the burn the person correct direction Because contact might cause spurious Make sure the antenna will be in a place emissions where no one can get near it when you Because contact might cause a short are transmitting circuit and damage the transmitter Make sure you connect an RF leakage filter at the antenna feed point B-003-20-10 (1) Make sure that RF field screens are in What safety precautions should you take place before beginning repairs on an antenna? Be sure to turn off the transmitter and disconnect the feed line B-003-21-03 (3) B-003-21-07 (2) What should you do for safety, before Which body organ is the most likely to removing the shielding on a UHF power be damaged from the heating effects of amplifier? RF radiation? Make sure that RF leakage filters are Heart connected Eyes Make sure the antenna feed line is Liver properly grounded Hands Make sure the amplifier cannot accidentally be turned on B-003-21-08 (4) Make sure all RF screens are in place at Depending on the wavelength of the the antenna feed line signal, the energy density of the RF field, and other factors, in what way can B-003-21-04 (2) RF energy affect body tissue? Why should you make sure the antenna It causes radiation poisoning of a hand-held transceiver is not close to It causes blood flow to stop your head when transmitting? It produces genetic changes in the tissue To use your body to reflect the signal in It heats the tissue one direction To reduce your exposure to the radio- B-003-21-09 (3) frequency energy If you operate your amateur station with To keep static charges from building up indoor antennas, what precautions To help the antenna radiate energy should you take when you install them? equally in all directions Position the antennas parallel to electrical power wires to take advantage B-003-21-05 (4) of parasitic effects How should you position the antenna of Position the antennas along the edge of a a hand-held transceiver while you are wall where it meets the floor or ceiling transmitting? to reduce parasitic radiation Pointed towards the station you are Locate the antennas as far away as contacting possible from living spaces that will be Pointed away from the station you are occupied while you are operating contacting Locate the antennas close to your Pointed down to bounce the signal off operating position to minimize feed-line the ground length Away from your head and away from others

B-003-21-06 (4) How can exposure to a large amount of RF energy affect body tissue? It causes radiation poisoning It paralyzes the tissue It produces genetic changes in the tissue It heats the tissue

B-003-21-10 (1) B-004-01-03 (3) Why should directional high- gain To increase the level of very weak radio antennas be mounted higher than nearby signals from an antenna, you would use: structures? an RF oscillator So they will not direct RF energy toward an audio oscillator people in nearby structures an RF amplifier So they will be dried by the wind after a an audio amplifier heavy rain storm So they will not damage nearby B-004-01-04 (3) structures with RF energy To increase the level of very weak So they will receive more sky waves and signals from a microphone you would fewer ground waves use: an RF oscillator B-003-21-11 (1) an RF amplifier For best RF safety, where should the an audio amplifier ends and center of a dipole antenna be an audio oscillator located? As high as possible to prevent people B-004-01-05 (4) from coming in contact with the antenna The range of frequencies to be amplified Near or over moist ground so RF energy by a speech amplifier is typically: will be radiated away from the ground 3 to 300 Hz As close to the transmitter as possible so 300 to 1000 Hz RF energy will be concentrated near the 40 to 40 000 Hz transmitter 300 to 3400 Hz Close to the ground so simple adjustments can be easily made without B-004-01-06 (2) climbing a ladder Which of the following IS NOT amplified by an amplifier? B-004-01-01 (1) current A circuit designed to increase the level resistance of its input signal is called: power an amplifier voltage a modulator an oscillator B-004-01-07 (4) a receiver The increase in signal level by an amplifier is called: B-004-01-02 (1) attenuation If an amplifier becomes non- linear, the amplitude output signal would: modulation become distorted gain be saturated cause oscillations overload the power supply

B-004-01-08 (4) B-004-02-03 (2) A device with gain has the property of: The primary purpose of a Zener diode is attenuation to: oscillation provide a voltage phase shift modulation regulate or maintain a constant voltage amplification to boost the power supply voltage provide a path through which current can B-004-01-09 (4) flow A device labelled "Gain = 10 dB" is likely to be an: B-004-02-04 (2) attenuator The action of changing alternating oscillator current to direct current is called: audio fader amplification amplifier rectification transformation B-004-01-10 (2) modulation Amplifiers can amplify: current, power, or inductance B-004-02-05 (2) voltage, current, or power The electrodes of a semi- conductor voltage, power, or inductance diode are known as: voltage, current, or inductance gate and source anode and cathode B-004-01-11 (4) collector and base Which of the following is not a property cathode and drain of an amplifier? gain B-004-02-06 (3) linearity If alternating current is applied to the distortion anode of a diode, what would you expect loss to see at the cathode? No signal B-004-02-01 (2) Steady direct current Zener diodes are used as: Pulsating direct current current regulators Pulsating alternating current voltage regulators RF detectors B-004-02-07 (4) AF detectors In a semi-conductor diode, electrons flow from: B-004-02-02 (4) anode to cathode One important application for diodes is cathode to grid recovering information from transmitted grid to anode signals. This is referred to as: cathode to anode regeneration ionization biasing demodulation

B-004-02-08 (1) collector, source and drain What semi-conductor device glows red, gate, source and drain yellow, or green, depending upon its chemical composition? B-004-03-04 (4) A light-emitting diode If a low level signal is placed at the input A fluorescent bulb to a transistor, a higher level of signal is A neon bulb produced at the output lead. This effect A vacuum diode is know as: detection B-004-02-09 (4) modulation Voltage regulation is the principal rectification application of the: amplification junction diode light-emitting diode B-004-03-05 (2) vacuum diode Bipolar transistors usually have: Zener diode 2 leads 3 leads B-004-02-10 (2) 1 lead In order for a diode to conduct, it must 4 leads be: close coupled B-004-03-06 (1) forward-biased A semi-conductor is described as a enhanced "general purpose audio NPN device". reverse-biased This would be: a bipolar transistor B-004-03-01 (2) a silicon diode Which component can amplify a small a triode signal using low voltages? an audio detector A variable resistor An electrolytic capacitor B-004-03-07 (2) A multiple-cell battery The two basic types of bipolar transistors A PNP transistor are: diode and triode types B-004-03-02 (3) NPN and PNP types The basic semi-conductor amplifying varicap and zener types device is the: P and N channel types tube P-N junction B-004-03-08 (1) transistor A transistor can be destroyed in a circuit diode by: excessive heat B-004-03-03 (2) excessive light The three leads from a PNP transistor saturation are named: cut-off drain, base and source collector, emitter and base B-004-03-09 (2) B-004-04-03 (1) In a bipolar transistor, the In a field effect transistor, the ______compares closest to the ______is the terminal that control grid of a triode vacuum tube. controls the conductance of the channel. emitter gate base drain source source collector collector

B-004-03-10 (3) B-004-04-04 (1) In a bipolar transistor, the In a field effect transistor, the ______compares closest to the ______is the terminal where the plate of a triode vacuum tube. charge carriers enter the channel. gate source emitter gate collector drain base emitter

B-004-03-11 (4) B-004-04-05 (3) In a bipolar transistor, the In a field effect transistor, the ______compares closest to the ______is the terminal where the cathode of a triode vacuum tube. charge carriers leave the channel. collector collector base source drain drain emitter gate

B-004-04-01 (4) B-004-04-06 (3) The two basic types of field effect Which semi-conductor device has transistors (FET) are: characteristics most similar to a triode NPN and PNP vacuum tube? germanium and silicon Junction diode inductive and capacitive Zener diode N and P channel Field effect transistor Bipolar transistor B-004-04-02 (2) A semi-conductor having its leads B-004-04-07 (1) labeled gate, drain, and source is best The control element in the field effect described as a: transistor is the: gated transistor gate field-effect transistor source bipolar transistor drain silicon diode base

B-004-04-08 (1) B-004-05-02 (1) If you wish to reduce the current flowing Which component can amplify a small in a field effect transistor, you could: signal but must use high voltages? increase the reverse bias voltage A vacuum tube decrease the reverse bias voltage A transistor increase the forward bias voltage An electrolytic capacitor increase the forward bias gain A multiple-cell battery

B-004-04-09 (2) B-004-05-03 (2) The source of a field effect transistor A feature common to tubes and corresponds to the ______of a bipolar transistors is that both: transistor. have electrons drifting through a vacuum base can amplify signals emitter convert electrical energy to radio waves drain use heat to cause electron movement collector B-004-05-04 (2) B-004-04-10 (2) In a vacuum tube, the electrode that is The drain of a field effect transistor operated with the highest positive corresponds to the ______of a bipolar potential is the ______. transistor. filament (heater) base plate collector cathode source grid emitter B-004-05-05 (2) B-004-04-11 (4) In a vacuum tube, the electrode that is Which two elements in a field effect usually a cylinder of wire mesh is the transistor exhibit fairly similar ______. characteristics? filament (heater) Source and gate grid Gate and drain cathode Source and base plate Source and drain B-004-05-06 (4) B-004-05-01 (2) In a vacuum tube, the element that is What is one reason a triode vacuum tube furthest away from the plate is the might be used instead of a transistor in a ______. circuit? grid It uses less current emitter It may be able to handle higher power cathode It is much smaller filament (heater) It uses lower voltages

B-004-05-07 (1) By using Thevenin's theorem for In a vacuum tube, the electrode that resistors emits electrons is the ______. By reading the resistor's color code cathode By reading its Baudot code grid By using a voltmeter collector plate B-004-06-02 (3) What do the first three-color bands on a B-004-05-08 (2) resistor indicate? What is inside the envelope of a triode The resistance material tube? The power rating in watts argon The value of the resistor in ohms a vacuum The resistance tolerance in percent air neon B-004-06-03 (4) What does the fourth color band on a B-004-05-09 (4) resistor mean? How many grids are there in a triode The value of the resistor in ohms vacuum tube? The power rating in watts two The resistance material three The resistance tolerance in percent three plus a filament one B-004-06-04 (1) What are the possible values of a 100 B-004-05-10 (2) ohm resistor with a 10% tolerance? If you do not wish to have current 90 to 110 ohms flowing in the grid circuit of a vacuum 90 to 100 ohms tube, the grid should be: 10 to 100 ohms positive with respect to the anode 80 to 120 ohms negative with respect to the cathode positive with respect to both cathode and B-004-06-05 (1) anode How do you find a resistor's value? positive with respect to the cathode By using the resistor's color code By using a voltmeter B-004-05-11 (2) By using Thevenin's theorem for The negative DC control voltage applied resistors to the control grid of a vacuum tube is By using the Baudot code called: suppression voltage B-004-06-06 (4) bias voltage Which tolerance rating would a high- repulsion voltage quality resistor have? excitation voltage 5% 10% B-004-06-01 (2) 20% How do you find a resistor's tolerance 0.1% rating? B-004-06-07 (1) B-005-01-01 (2) Which tolerance rating would a low- If a dial marked in megahertz shows a quality resistor have? reading of 3.525 MHz, what would it 20% show if it were marked in kilohertz? 0.1% 35.25 kHz 5% 3525 kHz 10% 3 525 000 kHz 0.003525 kHz B-004-06-08 (2) If a carbon resistor's temperature is B-005-01-02 (1) increased, what will happen to the If an ammeter marked in amperes is used resistance? to measure a 3000 milliampere current, It will stay the same what reading would it show? It will change depending on the resistor's 3 amperes temperature coefficient rating 0.003 ampere It will become time dependent 0.3 ampere It will increase by 20% for every 10 3 000 000 amperes degrees centigrade B-005-01-03 (1) B-004-06-09 (3) If a voltmeter marked in volts is used to A gold band on a resistor indicates the measure a 3500 millivolt potential, what tolerance is: reading would it show? 20% 3.5 volts 10% 0.35 volt 5% 35 volts 1% 350 volts

B-004-06-10 (1) B-005-01-04 (3) A resistor with a colour code of brown, How many microfarads is 1 000 000 black, and red, would have a value of: picofarads? 1000 ohms 1 000 000 000 microfarads 100 ohms 1000 microfarads 10 ohms 1 microfarad 10 000 ohms 0.001 microfarad

B-004-06-11 (4) B-005-01-05 (2) A resistor is marked with the colors red, If you have a hand-held transceiver violet and yellow. This resistor has a which puts out 500 milliwatts, how value of: many watts would this be? 274 5 72 k 0.5 27 M 50 270 k 0.02

B-005-01-06 (4) B-005-02-01 (2) A kilohm is: Name three good electrical conductors. 0.1 ohm Gold, silver, wood 0.001 ohm Gold, silver, aluminum 10 ohms Copper, aluminum, paper 1000 ohms Copper, gold, mica

B-005-01-07 (1) B-005-02-02 (3) 6.6 kilovolts is equal to: Name four good electrical insulators. 6600 volts Plastic, rubber, wood, carbon 660 volts Paper, glass, air, aluminum 66 volts Glass, air, plastic, porcelain 66 000 volts Glass, wood, copper, porcelain

B-005-01-08 (4) B-005-02-03 (4) A current of one quarter ampere may be Why do resistors sometimes get hot written as: when in use? 0.5 amperes Their reactance makes them heat up 0.25 milliampere Hotter circuit components nearby heat 250 microampere them up 250 milliamperes They absorb magnetic energy which makes them hot B-005-01-09 (2) Some electrical energy passing through How many millivolts are equivalent to them is lost as heat two volts? 0.000002 B-005-02-04 (4) 2 000 What is the best conductor among the 2 000 000 following materials? 0.002 carbon silicon B-005-01-10 (1) aluminium One megahertz is equal to: copper 1 000 kHz 100 kHz B-005-02-05 (1) 0.001 Hz The material listed, which will most 10 Hz readily allow an electric current to flow, is called? B-005-01-11 (4) a conductor An inductance of 10 000 microhenrys an insulator may be stated correctly as: a resistor 100 millihenrys a dielectric 10 henrys 1 000 henrys 10 millihenrys

B-005-02-06 (4) carbon A length of metal is connected in a gold circuit and is found to conduct electricity mica very well. It would be best described as lead having a: high resistance B-005-03-01 (2) high wattage What is the word used to describe how low wattage fast electrical energy is used? low resistance Current Power B-005-02-07 (2) Voltage The letter "R" is the symbol for: Resistance impedance resistance B-005-03-02 (3) reluctance If you have light bulbs marked 40 watts, reactance 60 watts and 100 watts, which one will use electrical energy the fastest? B-005-02-08 (1) They will all be the same The reciprocal of resistance is: The 40 watt bulb conductance The 100 watt bulb reactance The 60 watt bulb reluctance permeability B-005-03-03 (3) What is the basic unit of electrical B-005-02-09 (1) power? Voltage drop means: The ampere voltage developed across the terminals The volt of a component The watt any point in a radio circuit which has The ohm zero voltage difference in voltage at output terminals B-005-03-04 (2) of a transformer Which electrical circuit will have no the voltage which is dissipated before current? useful work is accomplished A short circuit An open circuit B-005-02-10 (2) A complete circuit The resistance of a conductor changes A closed circuit with: voltage B-005-03-05 (2) temperature Which electrical circuit uses too much current current? humidity A dead circuit A short circuit B-005-02-11 (1) A closed circuit The most common material used to An open circuit make a resistor is: B-005-03-06 (3) 100 ohms Power is expressed in: 2 ohms volts 20 watts amperes 0.5 watt watts ohms B-005-04-01 (3) If a current of 2 amperes flows through a B-005-03-07 (3) 50-ohm resistor, what is the voltage Which of the following two quantities across the resistor? should be multiplied together to find 48 volts power? 52 volts Inductance and capacitance 100 volts Voltage and inductance 25 volts Voltage and current Resistance and capacitance B-005-04-02 (1) How is the current in a DC circuit B-005-03-08 (4) calculated when the voltage and Which two electrical units multiplied resistance are known? together give the unit "watts"? Current equals voltage divided by Volts and farads resistance Farads and henrys Current equals resistance multiplied by Amperes and henrys voltage Volts and amperes Current equals resistance divided by voltage B-005-03-09 (4) Current equals power divided by voltage A resistor in a circuit becomes very hot and starts to burn. This is because the B-005-04-03 (2) resistor is dissipating too much: How is the resistance in a DC circuit voltage calculated when the voltage and current resistance are known? current Resistance equals current multiplied by power voltage Resistance equals voltage divided by B-005-03-10 (3) current High power resistors are usually large Resistance equals power divided by with heavy leads. The size aids the voltage operation of the resistor by: Resistance equals current divided by allowing higher voltage to be handled voltage increasing the effective resistance of the resistor allowing heat to dissipate more readily making it shock proof

B-005-03-11 (3) The resistor that could dissipate the most heat would be marked: B-005-04-04 (4) 0.2 ampere How is the voltage in a DC circuit calculated when the current and B-005-04-09 (1) resistance are known? What voltage would be needed to supply Voltage equals current divided by a current of 200 mA, to operate an resistance electric lamp which has a resistance of Voltage equals resistance divided by 25 ohms? current 5 volts Voltage equals power divided by current 8 volts Voltage equals current multiplied by 175 volts resistance 225 volts

B-005-04-05 (2) B-005-04-10 (1) If a 12-volt battery supplies 0.25 ampere The resistance of a circuit can be found to a circuit, what is the circuit's by using one of the following: resistance? R = E/I 3 ohms R = I/E 48 ohms R = E/R 12 ohms R = E X I 0.25 ohm B-005-04-11 (1) B-005-04-06 (1) If a 3 volt battery supplies 300 mA to a Calculate the value of resistance circuit, the circuit resistance is: necessary to drop 100 volts with current 10 ohms flow of .8 milliamperes: 9 ohms 125 kilohms 5 ohms 125 ohms 3 ohms 1250 ohms 1.25 kilohms B-005-05-01 (1) In a parallel circuit with a voltage source B-005-04-07 (1) and several branch resistors, how is the The voltage required to force a current total current related to the current in the of 4.4 amperes through a resistance of 50 branch resistors? ohms is: It equals the sum of the branch current 220 volts through each resistor 2220 volts It equals the average of the branch 22.0 volts current through each resistor 0.220 volt It decreases as more parallel resistors are added to the circuit B-005-04-08 (4) It is the sum of each resistor's voltage A lamp has a resistance of 30 ohms and drop multiplied by the total number of a 6 volt battery is connected. The current resistors flow will be: 2 amperes 0.5 ampere 0.005 ampere B-005-05-02 (1) B-005-05-06 (1) A 6 volt battery is connected across Five 10 ohm resistors connected in series three resistances of connected in parallel. equals: The current through the 10 ohms, 15 50 ohms ohms and 20 ohms separate resistances, 5 ohms when added together, equals the total 10 ohms current drawn from the battery 1 ohm The current flowing through the 10 ohm resistance is less than that flowing B-005-05-07 (4) through the 20 ohm resistance Which series combination of resistors The voltage drop across each resistance would replace a single 120 ohm resistor? added together equals 6 volts six 22 ohm The voltage drop across the 20 ohm two 62 ohm resistance is greater than the voltage five 100 ohm across the 10 ohm resistance five 24 ohm

B-005-05-03 (1) B-005-05-08 (2) Total resistance in a parallel circuit: If ten resistors of equal value were wired is always less than the smallest in parallel, the total resistance would be: resistance 10 / R depends upon the IR drop across each R / 10 branch 10 x R could be equal to the resistance of one 10 + R branch depends upon the applied voltage B-005-05-09 (4) The total resistance of four 68 ohm B-005-05-04 (1) resistors wired in parallel is: Two resistors are connected in parallel 12 ohms and are connected across a 40 volt 34 ohms battery. If each resistor is 1000 ohms, 272 ohms the total current is: 17 ohms 80 milliamperes 40 milliamperes B-005-05-10 (3) 80 amperes Two resistors are in parallel. Resistor A 40 amperes carries twice the current of resistor B, which means that: B-005-05-05 (1) the voltage across B is twice that across The total resistance of resistors A connected in series is: the voltage across A is twice that across greater than the resistance of any one B resistor A has half the resistance of B less than the resistance of any one B has half the resistance of A resistor equal to the highest resistance present equal to the lowest resistance present

B-005-05-11 (2) 1/2 watt The total current in a parallel circuit is 4 watts equal to the: source voltage divided by the value of B-005-06-05 (3) one of the resistive elements When two 500 ohm 1 watt resistors are sum of the currents through all the connected in parallel, they can dissipate parallel branches a maximum total power of: source voltage divided by the sum of the 1/2 watt resistive elements 1 watt current in any one of the parallel 2 watts branches 4 watts

B-005-06-01 (4) B-005-06-06 (1) Why would a large size resistor be used If the voltage applied to two resistors in instead of a smaller one of the same series is doubled, how much will the resistance? total power change? For better response time increase four times For a higher current gain decrease to half For less impedance in the circuit double For greater power dissipation no change

B-005-06-02 (1) B-005-06-07 (4) How many watts of electrical power are If the power is 500 watts and the used by a 12-VDC light bulb that draws resistance is 20 ohms, the current is: 0.2 ampere? 2.5 amps 2.4 watts 10 amps 60 watts 25 amps 24 watts 5 amps 6 watts B-005-06-08 (1) B-005-06-03 (2) A 12 volt light bulb is rated at a power The DC input power of a transmitter of 30 watts. The current drawn would operating at 12 volts and drawing 500 be: milliamps would be: 30/12 amps 20 watts 18 amps 6 watts 360 amps 500 watts 12/30 amps 12 watts B-005-06-09 (1) B-005-06-04 (2) If two 10 ohm resistors are connected in When two 500 ohm 1 watt resistors are series with a 10 volt battery, the power connected in series, the maximum total consumption would be: power that can be dissipated by the 5 watts resistors is: 10 watts 1 watt 20 watts 2 watts 100 watts B-005-06-10 (3) Because the human ear can sense radio One advantage of replacing a 50 ohm waves in this range resistor with a parallel combination of Because the human ear can sense sounds two similarly rated 100 ohm resistors is in this range that the parallel combination will have: the same resistance but lesser power B-005-07-04 (1) rating Electrical energy at a frequency of 7125 greater resistance and similar power kHz is in what frequency range? rating Radio the same resistance but greater power Audio rating Hyper lesser resistance and similar power Super-high rating B-005-07-05 (1) B-005-06-11 (3) What is the name for the distance an AC Resistor wattage ratings are: signal travels during one complete calculated according to physical size cycle? expressed in joules per second Wavelength determined by heat dissipation qualities Wave speed variable in steps of one hundred Waveform Wave spread B-005-07-01 (3) What term means the number of times B-005-07-06 (4) per second that an alternating current What happens to a signal's wavelength flows back and forth? as its frequency increases? Speed It gets longer Pulse rate It stays the same Frequency It disappears Inductance It gets shorter

B-005-07-02 (3) B-005-07-07 (3) Approximately what frequency range What happens to a signal's frequency as can most humans hear? its wavelength gets longer? 20 000 - 30 000 Hz It disappears 200 - 200 000 Hz It stays the same 20 - 20 000 Hz It goes down 0 - 20 Hz It goes up

B-005-07-03 (4) B-005-07-08 (2) Why do we call signals in the range 20 What does 60 hertz (Hz) mean? Hz to 20 000 Hz audio frequencies? 6000 metres per second Because the human ear cannot sense 60 cycles per second anything in this range 60 metres per second Because this range is too low for radio 6000 cycles per second energy B-005-07-09 (3) Multiply the original power by 2 If the frequency of the waveform is 100 Multiply the original power by 4 Hz, the time for one cycle is: Multiply the original power by 1.5 10 seconds 0.0001 second B-005-08-04 (4) 0.01 second If a signal-strength report is "10 dB over 1 second S9", what should the report be if the transmitter power is reduced from 1500 B-005-07-10 (1) watts to 150 watts? Current in an AC circuit goes through a S9 plus 3 dB complete cycle in 0.1 second. This S9 minus 10 dB means the AC has a frequency of: S9 plus 5 dB 10 Hz S9 1 Hz 100 Hz B-005-08-05 (1) 1000 Hz If a signal-strength report is "20 dB over S9", what should the report be if the B-005-07-11 (4) transmitter power is reduced from 1500 A signal is composed of a fundamental watts to 150 watts? frequency of 2 kHz and another of 4 S9 plus 10 dB kHz. This 4 kHz signal is referred to as: S9 plus 5 dB a fundamental of the 2 kHz signal S9 plus 3 dB the DC component of the main signal S9 a dielectric signal of the main signal a harmonic of the 2 kHz signal B-005-08-06 (2) The unit "decibel" is used to indicate: B-005-08-01 (2) an oscilloscope wave form A two-times increase in power results in a mathematical ratio a change of how many dB? certain radio waves 6 dB higher a single side band signal 3 dB higher 12 dB higher B-005-08-07 (3) 1 dB higher The power output from a transmitter increases from 1 watt to 2 watts. This is B-005-08-02 (4) a db increase of: How can you decrease your transmitter's 30 power by 3 dB? 6 Divide the original power by 1.5 3 Divide the original power by 3 1 Divide the original power by 4 Divide the original power by 2

B-005-08-03 (3) How can you increase your transmitter's power by 6 dB? Multiply the original power by 3 B-005-08-08 (2) The value of one inductor times the The power of a transmitter is increased value of the other from 5 watts to 50 watts by a linear Twice the value of one inductor amplifier. The power gain, expressed in dB, is: B-005-09-02 (4) 30 dB If two equal-value inductors are 10 dB connected in parallel, what is their total 40 dB inductance? 20 dB Twice the value of one inductor The same as the value of either inductor B-005-08-09 (2) The value of one inductor times the You add a 9 dB gain amplifier to your 2 value of the other watt handheld. What is the power output Half the value of one inductor of the combination? 11 watts B-005-09-03 (4) 16 watts If two equal-value capacitors are 20 watts connected in series, what is their total 18 watts capacitance? Twice the value of one capacitor B-005-08-10 (1) The same as the value of either capacitor The power of a transmitter is increased The value of one capacitor times the from 2 watts to 8 watts. This is a power value of the other gain of ______dB. Half the value of either capacitor 6 dB 3 dB B-005-09-04 (2) 8 dB If two equal-value capacitors are 9 dB connected in parallel, what is their total capacitance? B-005-08-11 (4) The same as the value of either capacitor A local amateur reports your 100W 2M Twice the value of one capacitor simplex VHF transmission as 30 dB over The value of one capacitor times the S9. To reduce your signal to S9, you value of the other would reduce your power to ______Half the value of one capacitor watts. 1 W 10 W 33.3 W 100 mW

B-005-09-01 (4) If two equal-value inductors are connected in series, what is their total inductance? Half the value of one inductor The same as the value of either inductor B-005-09-05 (3) Two 20 millihenry chokes in series What determines the inductance of a Two 5 millihenry chokes in series coil? Two 30 millihenry chokes in parallel The core material, the number of turns Two 5 millihenry chokes in parallel used to wind the core and the frequency of the current through the coil B-005-09-09 (3) The core diameter, the number of turns Three 15 microfarad capacitors are of wire used to wind the coil and the wired in series. The total capacitance of type of metal used for the wire this arrangement is: The core material, the core diameter, the 45 microfarads length of the coil and the number of 12 microfarads turns of wire used to wind the coil 5 microfarads The core material, the core diameter, the 18 microfarads length of the coil and whether the coil is mounted horizontally or vertically B-005-09-10 (2) Which series combinations of capacitors B-005-09-06 (1) would best replace a faulty 10 What determines the capacitance of a microfarad capacitor? capacitor? two 10 microfarad capacitors The material between the plates, the area two 20 microfarad capacitors of one side of one plate, the number of twenty 2 microfarad capacitors plates and the spacing between the plates ten 2 microfarad capacitors The material between the plates, the number of plates and the size of the B-005-09-11 (3) wires connected to the plates The total capacitance of two or more The number of plates, the spacing capacitors in series is: between the plates and whether the found by adding each of the capacitors dielectric material is N type or P type together and dividing by the total The material between the plates, the area number of capacitors of one plate, the number of plates and found by adding each of the capacitors the material used for the protective together coating always less than the smallest capacitor always greater than the largest capacitor B-005-09-07 (4) If two equal-value capacitors are B-005-10-01 (3) connected in parallel, what is their How does a coil react to AC? capacitance? As the amplitude of the applied AC The same value of either capacitor increases, the reactance decreases The value of one capacitor times the As the amplitude of the applied AC value of the other increases, the reactance increases Half the value of either capacitor As the frequency of the applied AC Twice the value of either capacitor increases, the reactance increases As the frequency of the applied AC B-005-09-08 (2) increases, the reactance decreases To replace a faulty 10 millihenry choke, you could use two: B-005-10-02 (1) B-005-10-07 (2) How does a capacitor react to AC? A choke coil of 4.25 microhenrys is used As the frequency of the applied AC in a circuit at a frequency of 200 MHz. increases, the reactance decreases Its reactance is approximately: As the frequency of the applied AC 5 740 ohms increases, the reactance increases 5 340 ohms As the amplitude of the applied AC 7 540 ohms increases, the reactance increases 4 750 ohms As the amplitude of the applied AC increases, the reactance decreases B-005-10-08 (1) The capacitive reactance of a 25 B-005-10-03 (2) microfarad capacitor connected to a 60 The reactance of capacitors increases as: hertz line is: applied voltage increases 106.1 ohms AC frequency decreases 9 420 ohms applied voltage decreases 2.4 ohms AC frequency increases 1 500 ohms

B-005-10-04 (3) B-005-10-09 (4) In inductances, AC may be opposed by A power-supply filter has a capacitor of both resistance of winding wire and 10 microfarad. What is the capacitive reactance due to inductive effect. The reactance of this capacitor to a frequency term which includes resistance and of 60 hertz? reactance is: 200 ohms resonance 100 ohms inductance 500 ohms impedance 265 ohms capacitance B-005-10-10 (1) B-005-10-05 (1) What is the approximate inductive Capacitive reactance: reactance of a 1 henry choke coil used in decreases as frequency increases a 60 hertz circuit? applies only to series RLC circuits 376 ohms increases as frequency increases 3760 ohms increases with the time constant 188 ohms 1888 ohms B-005-10-06 (4) Inductive reactance may be increased B-005-10-11 (1) by: In general, the reactance of inductors a decrease in the applied frequency increases with: a decrease in the supplied current increasing AC frequency an increase in the applied voltage decreasing AC frequency an increase in the applied frequency decreasing applied voltage increasing applied voltage

B-005-11-01 (1) directly proportional to the diameter of If no load is attached to the secondary the conductor winding of a transformer, what is current directly proportional to the current in the in the primary winding called? conductor Magnetizing current inversely proportional to the voltage on Direct current the conductor Excitation current Stabilizing current B-005-11-06 (1) Maximum induced voltage in a coil B-005-11-02 (1) occurs when: A transformer operates a 6.3 volt 2 current is going through its greatest rate ampere light bulb from its secondary of change winding. The power consumed by the the current through the coil is of a DC primary winding is approximately: nature 13 watts current is going through its least rate of 6 watts change 8 watts the magnetic field around the coil is not 3 watts changing

B-005-11-03 (4) B-005-11-07 (3) A transformer has a 240 volt primary The voltage induced in a conductor that draws a current of 250 mA from the moving in a magnetic field is at a mains supply. Assuming no losses, what maximum when the movement is: current would be available from a 12 made in a counterclockwise direction volt secondary? parallel to the lines of force 215 amperes perpendicular to the lines of force 25 amperes made in a clockwise direction 50 amperes 5 amperes B-005-11-08 (3) A 100% efficient transformer has a turns B-005-11-04 (2) ratio of 1/5. If the secondary current is In a mains power transformer, the 50 mA, the primary current is: primary winding has 250 turns, and the 2 500 mA secondary has 500. If the input voltage is 0.01 A 110 volts, the likely secondary voltage 0.25 A is: 0.25 mA 440 V 220 V B-005-11-09 (4) 560 V A force of repulsion exists between two 24 V ______magnetic poles. unlike B-005-11-05 (3) positive The strength of the magnetic field negative around a conductor in air is: like inversely proportional to the diameter of the conductor B-005-11-10 (4) A tuned circuit is formed from two basic A permanent magnet would most likely components. These are: be made from: resistors and transistors copper directors and reflectors aluminum diodes and transistors brass inductors and capacitors steel B-005-12-05 (1) B-005-11-11 (3) When a parallel coil-capacitor The fact that energy transfer from combination is supplied with AC of primary to secondary windings in a different frequencies, there will be one power transformer is not perfect is frequency where the impedance will be indicated by: highest. This is the: electrostatic shielding resonant frequency large secondary currents impedance frequency warm iron laminations inductive frequency high primary voltages reactive frequency

B-005-12-01 (1) B-005-12-06 (4) Resonance is the condition that exists In a parallel-resonant circuit at when: resonance, the circuit has a: inductive reactance and capacitive low impedance reactance are equal low mutual inductance inductive reactance is the only high mutual inductance opposition in the circuit high impedance the circuit contains no resistance resistance is equal to the reactance B-005-12-07 (1) In a series resonant circuit at resonance, B-005-12-02 (4) the circuit has: Parallel tuned circuits offer: low impedance low impedance at resonance high impedance zero impedance at resonance low mutual inductance an impedance equal to resistance of the high mutual inductance circuit very high impedance at resonance B-005-12-08 (4) A coil and an air-spaced capacitor are B-005-12-03 (4) arranged to form a resonant circuit. The Resonance is an electrical property used resonant frequency will remain the same to describe: if we: an inductor increase the area of plates in the a set of parallel inductors capacitor the results of tuning a varicap (varactor) replace the air dielectric with oil in the the frequency characteristic of a coil and capacitor capacitor circuit wind more turns on the coil add a resistor to the circuit B-005-12-04 (4) B-005-12-09 (2) Resistance and reactance Resonant circuits in a receiver are used SWR and power to: filter direct current B-005-13-04 (3) select signal frequencies The correct instrument to measure plate increase power current or collector current of a adjust voltage levels transmitter is: an ohmmeter B-005-12-10 (1) a wattmeter Resonance is the condition that exists an ammeter when: a voltmeter inductive reactance and capacitive reactance are equal and opposite in sign B-005-13-05 (1) inductive reactance is the only Which of the following meters would opposition in the circuit you use to measure the power supply the circuit contains no resistance current drawn by a small hand-held resistance is equal to the reactance transistorized receiver? a DC ammeter B-005-12-11 (3) an RF ammeter When a series LCR circuit is tuned to the an RF power meter frequency of the source, the: an electrostatic voltmeter line current lags the applied voltage line current leads the applied voltage B-005-13-06 (2) line current reaches maximum When measuring current drawn from a impedance is maximum DC power supply, it is true to say that the meter will act in circuit as: B-005-13-01 (4) a perfect conductor How is a voltmeter usually connected to a low value resistance a circuit under test? an extra current drain In series with the circuit an insulator In quadrature with the circuit In phase with the circuit B-005-13-07 (2) In parallel with the circuit When measuring the current drawn by a receiver from a power supply, the B-005-13-02 (2) current meter should be placed: How is an ammeter usually connected to in series with both receiver power leads a circuit under test? in series with one of the receiver power In quadrature with the circuit leads In series with the circuit in parallel with both receiver power In phase with the circuit supply leads In parallel with the circuit in parallel with one of the receiver power leads B-005-13-03 (2) What does a multimeter measure? Resistance, capacitance and inductance Voltage, current and resistance B-005-13-08 (3) The characteristic impedance of a Potential difference is measured by transmission line is determined by the: means of: length of the line a wattmeter physical dimensions and relative an ohmmeter positions of the conductors a voltmeter frequency at which the line is operated an ammeter load placed on the line

B-005-13-09 (3) B-006-01-03 (1) Voltage drop means: The characteristic impedance of a 20 the voltage which is dissipated before metre piece of transmission line is 52 useful work is accomplished ohms. If 10 metres were cut off, the difference in voltage at output terminals impedance would be: of a transformer 52 ohms voltage between the terminals of a 26 ohms component 39 ohms any point in a radio circuit which has 13 ohms zero voltage B-006-01-04 (1) B-005-13-10 (3) The impedance of a coaxial line: The instrument used for measuring the can be the same for different diameter flow of electrical current is the: line faradmeter changes with the frequency of the energy wattmeter it carries ammeter is correct for only one size of line voltmeter is greater for larger diameter line

B-005-13-11 (2) B-006-01-05 (4) In measuring volts and amperes, the What commonly available antenna feed connections should be made with: line can be buried directly in the ground the voltmeter in series and ammeter in for some distance without adverse parallel effects? the voltmeter in parallel and ammeter in 300 ohm twin-lead series 600 ohm open-wire both voltmeter and ammeter in series 75 ohm twin-lead both voltmeter and ammeter in parallel coaxial cable

B-006-01-01 (3) What connects your transceiver to your antenna? The power cord A ground wire A feed line A dummy load

B-006-01-02 (2) B-006-01-06 (4) B-006-01-10 (1) The characteristic impedance of a What factors determine the characteristic transmission line is: impedance of a parallel-conductor the impedance of a section of the line antenna feed line? one wavelength long The distance between the centres of the the dynamic impedance of the line at the conductors and the radius of the operating frequency conductors the ratio of the power supplied to the line The distance between the centres of the to the power delivered to the termination conductors and the length of the line equal to the pure resistance which, if The radius of the conductors and the connected to the end of the line, will frequency of the signal absorb all the power arriving along it The frequency of the signal and the length of the line B-006-01-07 (3) A transmission line differs from an B-006-01-11 (1) ordinary circuit or network in What factors determine the characteristic communications or signaling devices in impedance of a coaxial antenna feed one very important way. That important line? aspect is: The ratio of the diameter of the inner capacitive reactance conductor to the diameter of the braid inductive reactance The diameter of the braid and the length propagation delay of the line resistance The diameter of the braid and the frequency of the signal B-006-01-08 (1) The frequency of the signal and the The characteristic impedance of a length of the line parallel wire transmission line does not depend on the: B-006-02-01 (4) velocity of energy on the line What is a coaxial cable? radius of the conductors Two wires side-by-side in a plastic centre to centre distance between ribbon conductors Two wires side-by-side held apart by dielectric insulating rods Two wires twisted around each other in B-006-01-09 (1) a spiral Any length of transmission line may be A center wire inside an insulating made to appear as an infinitely long line material which is covered by a metal by: sleeve or shield terminating the line in its characteristic impedance leaving the line open at the end shorting the line at the end increasing the standing wave ratio above unity

B-006-02-02 (4) B-006-02-06 (4) What is parallel-conductor feed line? What is an unbalanced line? Two wires twisted around each other in Feed line with neither conductor a spiral connected to ground A center wire inside an insulating Feed line with both conductors material which is covered by a metal connected to ground sleeve or shield Feed line with both conductors A metal pipe which is as wide or slightly connected to each other wider than a wavelength of the signal it Feed line with one conductor connected carries to ground Two wires side-by-side held apart by insulating rods B-006-02-07 (2) What device can be installed to feed a B-006-02-03 (1) balanced antenna with an unbalanced What kind of antenna feed line is made feed line? of two conductors held apart by A triaxial transformer insulated rods? A balun Open-conductor ladder line A wavetrap Coaxial cable A loading coil Twin lead in a plastic ribbon Twisted pair B-006-02-08 (3) A flexible coaxial line contains: B-006-02-04 (2) four or more conductors running parallel What does the term "balun" mean? only one conductor Balanced unloader braid and insulation around a central Balanced to unbalanced conductor Balanced unmodulator two parallel conductors separated by Balanced antenna network spacers

B-006-02-05 (1) B-006-02-09 (1) Where would you install a balun to feed A balanced transmission line: a dipole antenna with 50-ohm coaxial is made of two parallel wires cable? has one conductor inside the other Between the coaxial cable and the carries RF current on one wire only antenna is made of one conductor only Between the transmitter and the coaxial cable B-006-02-10 (2) Between the antenna and the ground A 75 ohm transmission line could be Between the coaxial cable and the matched to the 300 ohm feedpoint of an ground antenna: with an extra 250 ohm resistor by using a 4 to 1 balun by using a 4 to 1 trigatron by inserting a diode in one leg of the antenna

B-006-02-11 (3) impedance- matching device with your What kind of antenna feed line can be transceiver constructed using two conductors which It is difficult to make at home, and it are maintained a uniform distance apart does not work very well with a high using insulated spreaders? SWR Coaxial cable 75 ohm twin-lead B-006-03-04 (1) 600 ohm open-wire What common connector usually joins 300 ohm twin-lead RG-213 coaxial cable to an HF transceiver? B-006-03-01 (2) A PL-259 connector Why does coaxial cable make a good An F-type cable connector antenna feed line? A banana plug connector It is weatherproof, and its impedance is A binding post connector higher than that of most amateur antennas B-006-03-05 (1) It is weatherproof, and its impedance What common connector usually joins a matches most amateur antennas hand-held transceiver to its antenna? It can be used near metal objects, and its A BNC connector impedance is higher than that of most A PL-259 connector amateur antennas An F-type cable connector You can make it at home, and its A binding post connector impedance matches most amateur antennas B-006-03-06 (4) Which of these common connectors has B-006-03-02 (3) the lowest loss at UHF? What is the best antenna feed line to use, An F-type cable connector if it must be put near grounded metal A BNC connector objects? A PL-259 connector Ladder-line A type-N connector Twisted pair Coaxial cable B-006-03-07 (3) Twin lead If you install a 6 metre Yagi antenna on a tower 50 metres from your transmitter, B-006-03-03 (3) which of the following feed lines is best? What are some reasons not to use RG-174 parallel-conductor feed line? RG-59 You must use an impedance-matching RG-213 device with your transceiver, and it does RG-58 not work very well with a high SWR It does not work well when tied down to metal objects, and it cannot operate under high power It does not work well when tied down to metal objects, and you must use an B-006-03-08 (1) To keep RF loss low Why should you regularly clean, tighten and re-solder all antenna connectors? B-006-04-02 (1) To help keep their resistance at a What are some reasons to use parallel- minimum conductor feed line? To keep them looking nice It will operate with a high SWR, and has To keep them from getting stuck in place less loss than coaxial cable To increase their capacitance It has low impedance, and will operate with a high SWR B-006-03-09 (3) It will operate with a high SWR, and it What commonly available antenna feed works well when tied down to metal line can be buried directly in the ground objects for some distance without adverse It has a low impedance, and has less loss effects? than coaxial cable 75 ohm twin-lead 600 ohm open-wire B-006-04-03 (2) Coaxial cable If your transmitter and antenna are 15 300 ohm twin-lead metres apart, but are connected by 65 metres of RG-58 coaxial cable, what B-006-03-10 (4) should be done to reduce feed line loss? When antenna feed lines must be placed Shorten the excess cable so the feed line near grounded metal objects, which of is an odd number of wavelengths long the following feed lines should be used? Shorten the excess cable 300 ohm twin-lead Roll the excess cable into a coil which is 600 ohm open-wire as small as possible 75 ohm twin-lead Shorten the excess cable so the feed line Coaxial cable is an even number of wavelengths long

B-006-03-11 (3) B-006-04-04 (2) TV twin-lead feed line can be used for a As the length of a feed line is changed, feed line in an amateur station. The what happens to signal loss? impedance of this line is approximately: Signal loss decreases as length increases 600 ohms Signal loss increases as length increases 50 ohms Signal loss is the least when the length is 300 ohms the same as the signal's wavelength 70 ohms Signal loss is the same for any length of feed line B-006-04-01 (4) Why should you use only good quality coaxial cable and connectors for a UHF antenna system? To keep television interference high To keep the power going to your antenna system from getting too high To keep the standing wave ratio of your antenna system high B-006-04-05 (2) B-006-04-10 (4) As the frequency of a signal is changed, If the frequency is increased, how would what happens to signal loss in a feed this affect the loss on a transmission line? line? Signal loss increases with decreasing It is independent of frequency frequency It would increase Signal loss increases with increasing It depends on the line length frequency It would decrease Signal loss is the least when the signal's wavelength is the same as the feed line's B-006-05-01 (1) length What does an SWR reading of 1:1 Signal loss is the same for any frequency mean? The best impedance match has been B-006-04-06 (2) attained Losses occurring on a transmission line An antenna for another frequency band between transmitter and antenna results is probably connected in: No power is going to the antenna an SWR reading of 1:1 The SWR meter is broken less RF power being radiated reflections occurring in the line B-006-05-02 (1) the wire radiating RF energy What does an SWR reading of less than 1.5:1 mean? B-006-04-07 (1) A fairly good impedance match The lowest loss feed line on HF is: An impedance match which is too low open-wire An impedance mismatch; something 75 ohm twin-lead may be wrong with the antenna system coaxial cable An antenna gain of 1.5 300 ohm twin-lead B-006-05-03 (3) B-006-04-08 (4) What kind of SWR reading may mean In what values are RF feed line losses poor electrical contact between parts of expressed? an antenna system? ohms per MHz A negative reading dB per MHz No reading at all ohms per metre A jumpy reading dB per unit length A very low reading

B-006-04-09 (1) If the length of coaxial feed line is increased from 20 metres (65.6 ft) to 40 metres (131.2 ft), how would this affect the line loss? It would be increased by 100% It would be reduced by 10% It would be increased by 10% It would be reduced to 50% B-006-05-04 (2) standing waves are produced in the What does a very high SWR reading feedline mean? The transmitter is putting out more B-006-05-08 (4) power than normal, showing that it is The result of the presence of standing about to go bad waves on a transmission line is: The antenna is the wrong length, or there perfect impedance match between may be an open or shorted connection transmitter and feedline somewhere in the feed line maximum transfer of energy to the There is a large amount of solar antenna from the transmitter radiation, which means very poor radio lack of radiation from the transmission conditions line The signals coming from the antenna are reduced transfer of RF energy to the unusually strong, which means very antenna good radio conditions B-006-05-09 (1) B-006-05-05 (1) An SWR meter measures the degree of What does standing-wave ratio mean? match between transmission line and The ratio of maximum to minimum antenna by: voltages on a feed line comparing forward and reflected voltage The ratio of maximum to minimum measuring radiated RF energy inductances on a feed line measuring the conductor temperature The ratio of maximum to minimum inserting a diode in the feed line resistances on a feed line The ratio of maximum to minimum B-006-05-10 (3) impedances on a feed line A resonant antenna having a feed point impedance of 200 ohms is connected to B-006-05-06 (4) a feed line and transmitter which have an If your antenna feed line gets hot when impedance of 50 ohms. What will the you are transmitting, what might this standing wave ratio of this system be? mean? 6:1 You should transmit using less power 3:1 The conductors in the feed line are not 4:1 insulated very well 5:1 The feed line is too long The SWR may be too high, or the feed B-006-05-11 (2) line loss may be high The type of feed line best suited to operating at a high standing wave ratio B-006-05-07 (4) is: If the characteristic impedance of the 75 ohm twin-lead feedline does not match the antenna 600 ohm open-wire input impedance then: coaxial line heat is produced at the junction 300 ohm twin-lead the SWR reading falls to 1:1 the antenna will not radiate any signal B-006-06-01 (1) The electrical load is shorted What device might allow use of an The source delivers maximum power to antenna on a band it was not designed the load for? No current can flow through the circuit An antenna tuner The source delivers minimum power to An SWR meter the load A low pass filter A high pass filter B-006-06-06 (4) Why is impedance matching important? B-006-06-02 (1) So the load will draw minimum power What does an antenna matching unit do? from the source It matches a transceiver to a mismatched To ensure that there is less resistance antenna system than reactance in the circuit It helps a receiver automatically tune in To ensure that the resistance and stations that are far away reactance in the circuit are equal It switches an antenna system to a So the source can deliver maximum transmitter when sending, and to a power to the load receiver when listening It switches a transceiver between B-006-06-07 (3) different kinds of antennas connected to To obtain efficient power transmission one feed line from a transmitter to an antenna requires: B-006-06-03 (2) high load impedance What would you use to connect a coaxial low ohmic resistance cable of 50 ohms impedance to an matching of impedances antenna of 35 ohms impedance? inductive impedance An SWR meter An impedance-matching device B-006-06-08 (2) A low pass filter To obtain efficient transfer of power A terminating resistor from a transmitter to an antenna, it is important that there is a: B-006-06-04 (3) high load impedance When will a power source deliver matching of impedance maximum output to the load? proper method of balance When air wound transformers are used low ohmic resistance instead of iron-core transformers When the power-supply fuse rating B-006-06-09 (4) equals the primary winding current If an antenna is correctly matched to a When the impedance of the load is equal transmitter, the length of transmission to the impedance of the source line: When the load resistance is infinite must be a full wavelength long must be an odd number of quarter-wave B-006-06-05 (2) must be an even number of half-waves What happens when the impedance of an will have no effect on the matching electrical load is equal to the internal impedance of the power source? B-006-06-10 (2) The electric and magnetic lines of force The reason that an RF transmission line of a are parallel to the earth's should be matched at the transmitter end surface is to: The electric lines of force of a radio ensure that the radiated signal has the wave are parallel to the earth's surface intended polarization transfer the maximum amount of power B-006-07-03 (2) to the antenna What electromagnetic wave polarization prevent frequency drift does a Yagi antenna have when its overcome fading of the transmitted elements are parallel to the earth's signal surface? Helical B-006-06-11 (4) Horizontal If the centre impedance of a folded Vertical dipole is approximately 300 ohms, and Circular you are using RG8U (50 ohms) coaxial lines, what is the ratio required to have B-006-07-04 (4) the line and the antenna matched? What electromagnetic wave polarization 2:1 does a half-wavelength antenna have 4:1 when it is perpendicular to the earth's 10:1 surface? 6:1 Circular Horizontal B-006-07-01 (3) Parabolical What does horizontal wave polarization Vertical mean? The electric and magnetic lines of force B-006-07-05 (2) of a radio wave are perpendicular to the Polarization of an antenna is determined earth's surface by: The electric lines of force of a radio the height of the antenna wave are perpendicular to the earth's the electric field surface the type of antenna The electric lines of force of a radio the magnetic field wave are parallel to the earth's surface The magnetic lines of force of a radio B-006-07-06 (1) wave are parallel to the earth's surface An isotropic antenna is a: hypothetical point source B-006-07-02 (2) infinitely long piece of wire What does vertical wave polarization dummy load mean? half-wave reference dipole The magnetic lines of force of a radio wave are perpendicular to the earth's surface The electric lines of force of a radio wave are perpendicular to the earth's surface B-006-07-07 (4) B-006-08-01 (1) What is the antenna radiation pattern for If an antenna is made longer, what an isotropic radiator? happens to its resonant frequency? A parabola It decreases A cardioid It increases A unidirectional cardioid It stays the same A sphere It disappears

B-006-07-08 (3) B-006-08-02 (2) VHF signals from a mobile station using If an antenna is made shorter, what a vertical whip antenna will normally be happens to its resonant frequency? best received using a: It stays the same random length of wire It increases horizontal ground-plane antenna It disappears vertical ground-plane antenna It decreases horizontal dipole antenna B-006-08-03 (3) B-006-07-09 (4) The wavelength for a frequency of 25 A dipole antenna will emit a vertically MHz is: polarized wave if it is: 15 metres (49.2 ft) fed with the correct type of RF 4 metres (13.1 ft) too near to the ground 12 metres (39.4 ft) parallel with the ground 32 metres (105 ft) mounted vertically B-006-08-04 (1) B-006-07-10 (2) The velocity of propagation of radio If an electromagnetic wave leaves an frequency energy in free space is: antenna vertically polarized, it will 300 000 kilometres per second arrive at the receiving antenna, by 3000 kilometres per second ground wave: 150 kilometres per second polarized at right angles to original 186 000 kilometres per second vertically polarized horizontally polarized B-006-08-05 (3) polarized in any plane Adding a series inductance to an antenna would: B-006-07-11 (4) increase the resonant frequency Compared with a horizontal antenna, a have little effect vertical antenna will receive a vertically decrease the resonant frequency polarized radio wave: have no change on the resonant at weaker strength frequency without any comparative difference if the antenna changes the polarization at greater strength

B-006-08-06 (3) B-006-08-11 (2) The resonant frequency of an antenna The wavelength corresponding to a may be increased by: frequency of 2 MHz is: lowering the radiating element 360 m (1181 ft) increasing the height of the radiating 150 m (492 ft) element 1500 m (4921 ft) shortening the radiating element 30 m (98 ft) lengthening the radiating element B-006-09-01 (3) B-006-08-07 (2) What is a parasitic beam antenna? The speed of a radio wave: An antenna where the driven element is infinite in space obtains its radio energy by induction or is the same as the speed of light radiation from director elements is always less than half speed of light An antenna where all elements are varies directly with frequency driven by direct connection to the feed line B-006-08-08 (1) An antenna where some elements obtain At the end of suspended antenna wire, their radio energy by induction or insulators are used. These act to: radiation from a driven element limit the electrical length of the antenna An antenna where wave traps are used to increase the effective antenna length magnetically couple the elements allow the antenna to be more easily held vertically B-006-09-02 (2) prevent any loss of radio waves by the How can the bandwidth of a parasitic antenna beam antenna be increased? Use traps on the elements B-006-08-09 (2) Use larger diameter elements To lower the resonant frequency of an Use tapered-diameter elements antenna, the operator should: Use closer element spacing shorten it lengthen it B-006-09-03 (2) ground one end If a slightly shorter parasitic element is centre feed it with TV ribbon feeder placed 0.1 wavelength away from an HF dipole antenna, what effect will this have B-006-08-10 (2) on the antenna's radiation pattern? One solution to multiband operation A major lobe will develop in the with a shortened radiator is the "trap horizontal plane, parallel to the two dipole" or trap vertical. These "traps" are elements actually: A major lobe will develop in the large wire-wound resistors horizontal plane, toward the parasitic a coil and capacitor in parallel element coils wrapped around a ferrite rod A major lobe will develop in the vertical hollow metal cans plane, away from the ground The radiation pattern will not be affected

B-006-09-04 (3) B-006-09-08 (4) If a slightly longer parasitic element is What is meant by antenna bandwidth? placed 0.1 wavelength away from an HF Antenna length divided by the number of dipole antenna, what effect will this have elements on the antenna's radiation pattern? The angle between the half- power A major lobe will develop in the radiation points horizontal plane, parallel to the two The angle formed between two elements imaginary lines drawn through the ends A major lobe will develop in the vertical of the elements plane, away from the ground The frequency range over which the A major lobe will develop in the antenna may be expected to perform horizontal plane, away from the parasitic well element, toward the dipole The radiation pattern will not be affected B-006-09-09 (1) In free space, what is the radiation B-006-09-05 (1) characteristic of a half-wave dipole? The property of an antenna, which Minimum radiation from the ends, defines the range of frequencies to which maximum broadside it will respond, is called its: Maximum radiation from the ends, bandwidth minimum broadside front-to-back ratio Omnidirectional impedance Maximum radiation at 45 degrees to the polarization plane of the antenna

B-006-09-06 (4) B-006-09-10 (1) Approximately how much gain does a The gain of an antenna, especially on half-wave dipole have over an isotropic VHF and above, is quoted in dBi. The radiator? "i" in this expression stands for: 1.5 dB isotropic 3.0 dB ideal 6.0 dB ionosphere 2.1 dB interpolated

B-006-09-07 (4) B-006-09-11 (2) What is meant by antenna gain? The front-to-back ratio of a beam The numerical ratio of the signal in the antenna is: forward direction to the signal in the the forward power of the major lobe to back direction the power in the backward direction both The numerical ratio of the amount of being measured at the 3 dB points power radiated by an antenna compared the ratio of the maximum forward power to the transmitter output power in the major lobe to the maximum The final amplifier gain minus the backward power radiation transmission line losses undefined The numerical ratio relating the radiated the ratio of the forward power at the 3 signal strength of an antenna to that of dB points to the power radiated in the another antenna backward direction B-006-10-01 (3) B-006-10-05 (3) How do you calculate the length in If a magnetic-base whip antenna is metres (feet) of a quarter-wavelength placed on the roof of a car, in what vertical antenna? direction does it send out radio energy? Divide 468 (1532) by the antenna's Most of it is aimed high into the sky operating frequency (in MHz) Most of it goes equally in two opposite Divide 300 (982) by the antenna's directions operating frequency (in MHz) It goes out equally well in all horizontal Divide 71.5 (234) by the antenna's directions operating frequency (in MHz) Most of it goes in one direction Divide 150 (491) by the antenna's operating frequency (in MHz) B-006-10-06 (3) What is an advantage of downward B-006-10-02 (2) sloping radials on a ground plane If you made a quarter-wavelength antenna? vertical antenna for 21.125 MHz, how It increases the radiation angle long would it be? It brings the feed point impedance closer 3.6 metres (11.8 ft) to 300 ohms 3.36 metres (11.0 ft) It brings the feed point impedance closer 7.2 metres (23.6 ft) to 50 ohms 6.76 metres (22.2 ft) It lowers the radiation angle

B-006-10-03 (1) B-006-10-07 (1) If you made a half-wavelength vertical What happens to the feed point antenna for 223 MHz, how long would it impedance of a ground-plane antenna be? when its radials are changed from 64 cm (25.2 in) horizontal to downward-sloping? 128 cm (50.4 in) It increases 105 cm (41.3 in) It decreases 134.6 cm (53 in) It stays the same It approaches zero B-006-10-04 (2) Why is a 5/8-wavelength vertical B-006-10-08 (4) antenna better than a 1/4-wavelength Which of the following transmission vertical antenna for VHF or UHF mobile lines will give the best match to the base operations? of a quarter-wave ground-plane antenna? A 5/8-wavelength antenna has less 300 ohms balanced feed line corona loss 75 ohms balanced feed line A 5/8-wavelength antenna has more gain 300 ohms coaxial cable A 5/8-wavelength antenna is easier to 50 ohms coaxial cable install on a car A 5/8-wavelength antenna can handle more power

B-006-10-09 (1) B-006-11-03 (2) The main characteristic of a vertical Approximately how long is the director antenna is that it will: element of a Yagi antenna for 21.1 receive signals equally well from all MHz? compass points around it 5.18 metres (17 feet) be very sensitive to signals coming from 6.4 metres (21 feet) horizontal antennas 3.2 metres (10.5 feet) require few insulators 12.8 metres (42 feet) be easy to feed with TV ribbon feeder B-006-11-04 (2) B-006-10-10 (1) Approximately how long is the reflector Why is a loading coil often used with an element of a Yagi antenna for 28.1 HF mobile vertical antenna? MHz? To tune out capacitive reactance 4.88 metres (16 feet) To lower the losses 5.33 metres (17.5 feet) To lower the Q 10.67 metres (35 feet) To improve reception 2.66 metres (8.75 feet)

B-006-10-11 (2) B-006-11-05 (4) What is the main reason why so many What is one effect of increasing the VHF base and mobile antennas are 5/8 boom length and adding directors to a of a wavelength? Yagi antenna? The angle of radiation is high giving SWR increases excellent local coverage Weight decreases The angle of radiation is low Wind load decreases It is easy to match the antenna to the Gain increases transmitter It's a convenient length on VHF B-006-11-06 (1) What are some advantages of a Yagi B-006-11-01 (4) with wide element spacing? How many directly driven elements do High gain, less critical tuning and wider most Yagi antennas have? bandwidth None High gain, lower loss and a low SWR Two High front-to-back ratio and lower input Three resistance One Shorter boom length, lower weight and wind resistance B-006-11-02 (4) Approximately how long is the driven element of a Yagi antenna for 14.0 MHz? 5.21 metres (17 feet) 10.67 metres (35 feet) 20.12 metres (66 feet) 10.21 metres (33 feet and 6 inches)

B-006-11-07 (4) 0.15 Why is a Yagi antenna often used for 0.5 radiocommunications on the 20-metre 0.75 band? 0.2 It provides excellent omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal plane B-006-11-11 (2) It is smaller, less expensive and easier to If the forward gain of a six- element erect than a dipole or vertical antenna Yagi is about 10 dB, what would the It provides the highest possible angle of gain of two of these antennas be if they radiation for the HF bands were "stacked"? It helps reduce interference from other 7 dB stations off to the side or behind 13 dB 20 dB B-006-11-08 (2) 10 dB What does "antenna front-to- back ratio" mean in reference to a Yagi antenna? B-006-12-01 (4) The relative position of the driven If you made a half-wavelength dipole element with respect to the reflectors and antenna for 28.550 MHz, how long directors would it be? The power radiated in the major 10.5 metres (34.37 ft) radiation lobe compared to the power 28.55 metres (93.45 ft) radiated in exactly the opposite direction 5.08 metres (16.62 ft) The power radiated in the major 10.16 metres (33.26 ft) radiation lobe compared to the power radiated 90 degrees away from that B-006-12-02 (3) direction What is one disadvantage of a random The number of directors versus the wire antenna? number of reflectors It usually produces vertically polarized radiation B-006-11-09 (1) It must be longer than 1 wavelength What is a good way to get maximum You may experience RF feedback in performance from a Yagi antenna? your station Optimize the lengths and spacing of the You must use an inverted T matching elements network for multi-band operation Use RG-58 feed line Use a reactance bridge to measure the antenna performance from each direction around the antenna Avoid using towers higher than 9 metres (30 feet) above the ground

B-006-11-10 (4) The spacing between the elements on a three-element Yagi antenna, representing the best overall choice, is _____ of a wavelength. B-006-12-03 (1) It will radiate harmonics What is the low angle radiation pattern It must be neutralized of an ideal half-wavelength dipole HF It can only be used for one band antenna installed parallel to the earth? It is a figure-eight, perpendicular to the B-006-12-08 (1) antenna What is an advantage of using a trap It is a circle (equal radiation in all antenna? directions) It may be used for multi- band operation It is two smaller lobes on one side of the It has high directivity at the higher antenna, and one larger lobe on the other frequencies side It has high gain It is a figure-eight, off both ends of the It minimizes harmonic radiation antenna B-006-12-09 (1) B-006-12-04 (2) The "doublet antenna" is the most The impedances in ohms at the feed common in the amateur service. If you point of the dipole and folded dipole are, were to cut this antenna for 3.75 MHz, respectively: what would be its approximate length? 73 and 150 38 meters (125 ft.) 73 and 300 32 meters (105 ft.) 52 and 100 45 meters (145 ft.) 52 and 200 75 meters (245 ft.)

B-006-12-05 (4) B-006-13-01 (3) A dipole transmitting antenna, placed so What is a cubical quad antenna? that the ends are pointing North/South, A center-fed wire 1/2-electrical radiates: wavelength long mostly to the South and North A vertical conductor 1/4- electrical mostly to the South wavelength high, fed at the bottom equally in all directions Two or more parallel four- sided wire mostly to the East and West loops, each approximately one-electrical wavelength long B-006-12-06 (4) Four straight, parallel elements in line How does the bandwidth of a folded with each other, each approximately 1/2- dipole antenna compare with that of a electrical wavelength long simple dipole antenna? It is essentially the same It is less than 50% It is 0.707 times the bandwidth It is greater

B-006-12-07 (2) What is a disadvantage of using an antenna equipped with traps? It is too sharply directional at lower frequencies B-006-13-02 (1) B-006-13-06 (2) What is a delta loop antenna? Which statement about two- element A type of cubical quad antenna, except delta loops and quad antennas is true? with triangular elements rather than They perform very well only at HF square They compare favorably with a three- A large copper ring or wire loop, used in element Yagi direction finding They are effective only when An antenna system made of three constructed using insulated wire vertical antennas, arranged in a They perform poorly above HF triangular shape An antenna made from several triangular B-006-13-07 (1) coils of wire on an insulating form Compared to a dipole antenna, what are the directional radiation characteristics B-006-13-03 (1) of a cubical quad antenna? Approximately how long is each side of The quad has more directivity in both a cubical quad antenna driven element horizontal and vertical planes for 21.4 MHz? The quad has more directivity in the 3.54 metres (11.7 feet) horizontal plane but less directivity in 0.36 metres (1.17 feet) the vertical plane 14.33 metres (47 feet) The quad has less directivity in the 143 metres (469 feet) horizontal plane but more directivity in the vertical plane B-006-13-04 (2) The quad has less directivity in both Approximately how long is each side of horizontal and vertical planes a cubical quad antenna driven element for 14.3 MHz? B-006-13-08 (3) 21.43 metres (70.3 feet) Moving the feed point of a multi- 5.36 metres (17.6 feet) element quad antenna from a side 53.34 metres (175 feet) parallel to the ground to a side 7.13 metres (23.4 feet) perpendicular to the ground will have what effect? B-006-13-05 (4) It will change the antenna polarization Approximately how long is each leg of a from vertical to horizontal symmetrical delta loop antenna driven It will significantly decrease the antenna element for 28.7 MHz? feed point impedance 2.67 metres (8.75 feet) It will change the antenna polarization 7.13 metres (23.4 feet) from horizontal to vertical 10.67 metres (35 feet) It will significantly increase the antenna 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) feed point impedance

B-006-13-09 (2) B-007-01-02 (4) What does the term "antenna front-to- How does the range of sky-wave back ratio" mean in reference to a delta propagation compare to ground- wave loop antenna? propagation? The relative position of the driven It is much shorter element with respect to the reflectors and It is about the same directors It depends on the weather The power radiated in the major It is much longer radiation lobe compared to the power radiated in exactly the opposite direction B-007-01-03 (3) The power radiated in the major When a signal is returned to earth by the radiation lobe compared to the power ionosphere, what is this called? radiated 90 degrees away from that Tropospheric propagation direction Ground-wave propagation The number of directors versus the Sky-wave propagation number of reflectors Earth-moon-earth propagation

B-006-13-10 (2) B-007-01-04 (1) The cubical "quad" or "quad" antenna How are VHF signals propagated within consists of two or more square loops of the range of the visible horizon? wire. The driven element has an By direct wave approximate overall length of: By sky wave three-quarters of a wavelength By plane wave one wavelength By geometric wave two wavelengths one-half wavelength B-007-01-05 (1) Skywave is another name for: B-006-13-11 (2) ionospheric wave The delta loop antenna consists of two or tropospheric wave more triangular structures mounted on a ground wave boom. The overall length of the driven inverted wave element is approximately: one-quarter of a wavelength B-007-01-06 (4) one wavelength That portion of the radiation which is two wavelengths directly affected by the surface of the one-half of a wavelength earth is called: tropospheric wave B-007-01-01 (4) ionospheric wave What type of propagation usually occurs inverted wave from one hand- held VHF transceiver to ground wave another nearby? Tunnel propagation Sky-wave propagation Auroral propagation Line-of-sight propagation

B-007-01-07 (4) B-007-02-02 (3) At HF frequencies, line-of-sight What type of solar radiation is most transmission between two stations uses responsible for ionization in the outer mainly the: atmosphere? troposphere Microwave skip wave Ionized particle ionosphere Ultraviolet ground wave Thermal

B-007-01-08 (3) B-007-02-03 (2) The distance travelled by ground waves: Which ionospheric region is closest to depends on the maximum usable the earth? frequency The E region is more at higher frequencies The D region is less at higher frequencies The F region is the same for all frequencies The A region

B-007-01-09 (3) B-007-02-04 (3) The radio wave which follows a path Which region of the ionosphere is the from the transmitter to the ionosphere least useful for long distance radio-wave and back to earth is known correctly as propagation? the: The F2 region F layer The F1 region surface wave The D region ionospheric wave The E region skip wave B-007-02-05 (4) B-007-01-10 (2) What two sub-regions of ionosphere Reception of high frequency (HF) radio exist only in the daytime? waves beyond 4000 km is generally Troposphere and stratosphere possible by: Electrostatic and electromagnetic ground wave D and E ionospheric wave F1 and F2 skip wave surface wave B-007-02-06 (3) When is the ionosphere most ionized? B-007-02-01 (2) Dawn What causes the ionosphere to form? Midnight Lightning ionizing the outer atmosphere Midday Solar radiation ionizing the outer Dusk atmosphere Release of fluorocarbons into the atmosphere Temperature changes ionizing the outer atmosphere

B-007-02-07 (1) B-007-03-01 (3) When is the ionosphere least ionized? What is a skip zone? Shortly before dawn An area which is too far away for Just after noon ground-wave or sky-wave propagation Just after dusk An area covered by sky-wave Shortly before midnight propagation An area which is too far away for B-007-02-08 (4) ground-wave propagation, but too close Why is the F2 region mainly responsible for sky-wave propagation for the longest distance radio-wave An area covered by ground- wave propagation? propagation Because it exists only at night Because it is the lowest ionospheric B-007-03-02 (3) region What is the maximum distance along the Because it does not absorb radio waves earth's surface that is normally covered as much as other ionospheric regions in one hop using the F2 region? Because it is the highest ionospheric None; the F2 region does not support region radio-wave propagation 2160 km (1200 miles) B-007-02-09 (2) 4500km (2500 miles) What is the main reason the 160, 80 and 325 km (180 miles) 40 metre amateur bands tend to be useful only for short-distance communications B-007-03-03 (1) during daylight hours? What is the maximum distance along the Because of auroral propagation earth's surface that is normally covered Because of D-region absorption in one hop using the E region? Because of magnetic flux 2160 km (1200 miles) Because of a lack of activity 325 km (180 miles) 4500 km (2500 miles) B-007-02-10 (4) None; the E region does not support During the day, one of the ionospheric radio-wave propagation layers splits into two parts called: D1 & D2 B-007-03-04 (3) E1 & E2 Skip zone is: A & B a zone of silence caused by lost sky F1 & F2 waves a zone between any two refracted waves B-007-02-11 (2) a zone between the end of the ground The position of the E layer in the wave and the point where the first ionosphere is: refracted wave returns to earth below the D layer a zone between the antenna and the below the F layer return of the first refracted wave sporadic above the F layer

B-007-03-05 (3) B-007-03-09 (1) The distance to Europe from your Skip distance is a term associated with location is approximately 5000 km. signals from the ionosphere. Skip effects What sort of propagation is the most are due to: likely to be involved? reflection and refraction from the sporadic "E" ionosphere back scatter selective fading of local signals multihop high gain antennas being used tropospheric scatter local cloud cover

B-007-03-06 (4) B-007-03-10 (3) For radio signals, the skip distance is The skip distance of a sky wave will be determined by the: greatest when the: power fed to the final polarization is vertical angle of radiation ionosphere is most densely ionized type of transmitting antenna used angle between ground and radiation is height of the ionosphere and the angle of smallest radiation signal given out is strongest

B-007-03-07 (3) B-007-03-11 (3) The distance from the transmitter to the If the height of the reflecting layer of the nearest point where the sky wave returns ionosphere increases, the skip distance to the earth is called the: of a high frequency (HF) transmission: skip zone stays the same angle of radiation varies regularly skip distance becomes greater maximum usable frequency decreases

B-007-03-08 (1) B-007-04-01 (1) Skip distance is the: What effect does the D region of the the minimum distance reached by a ionosphere have on lower frequency HF signal after one reflection by the signals in the daytime? ionosphere It absorbs the signals the maximum distance reached by a It bends the radio waves out into space signal after one reflection by the It refracts the radio waves back to earth ionosphere It has little or no effect on 80-metre the minimum distance reached by a radio waves ground-wave signal the maximum distance a signal will B-007-04-02 (2) travel by both a ground wave and What causes the ionosphere to absorb reflected wave radio waves? The presence of ionized clouds in the E region The ionization of the D region The splitting of the F region The weather below the ionosphere B-007-04-03 (1) The ionosphere can change the Two or more parts of the radio wave polarization of the signal from moment follow different paths during to moment propagation and this may result in phase The ground wave and the sky wave differences at the receiver. This continually shift the polarization "change" at the receiver is called: Anomalies in the earth's magnetic field fading produce a profound effect on HF baffling polarization absorption Greater selectivity is possible with HF skip receivers making changes in polarization redundant B-007-04-04 (4) A change or variation in signal strength B-007-04-08 (1) at the antenna, caused by differences in What causes selective fading? path lengths, is called: Phase differences between radio wave absorption components of the same transmission, as fluctuation experienced at the receiving station path loss Small changes in beam heading at the fading receiving station Time differences between the receiving B-007-04-05 (3) and transmitting stations When a transmitted radio signal reaches Large changes in the height of the a station by a one-hop and two-hop skip ionosphere at the receiving station path, small changes in the ionosphere ordinarily occurring shortly before can cause: sunrise and sunset consistent fading of received signal consistently stronger signals B-007-04-09 (2) variations in signal strength How does the bandwidth of a transmitted a change in the ground-wave signal signal affect selective fading? It is the same for both wide and narrow B-007-04-06 (2) bandwidths The usual effect of ionospheric storms is It is more pronounced at wide to: bandwidths produce extreme weather changes Only the receiver bandwidth determines cause a fade-out of sky- wave signals the selective fading effect prevent communications by ground It is more pronounced at narrow wave bandwidths increase the maximum usable frequency

B-007-04-07 (1) On the VHF and UHF bands, polarization of the receiving antenna is very important in relation to the transmitting antenna, yet on HF bands it is relatively unimportant. Why is that so? B-007-04-10 (1) B-007-05-04 (3) Polarization change often takes place on What is the solar-flux index? radio waves that are propagated over Another name for the American sunspot long distances. Which of these does not number cause polarization change? A measure of solar activity that Parabolic interaction compares daily readings with results Reflections from the last six months Passage through magnetic fields A measure of solar activity that is taken (Faraday rotation) at a specific frequency Refractions A measure of solar activity that is taken annually B-007-04-11 (1) Reflection of a SSB transmission from B-007-05-05 (3) the ionosphere causes: What influences all radiocommunication little or no phase-shift distortion beyond ground-wave or line-of-sight phase-shift distortion ranges? signal cancellation at the receiver The F2 region of the ionosphere a high-pitch squeal at the receiver The F1 region of the ionosphere Solar activity B-007-05-01 (1) Lunar tidal effects How do sunspots change the ionization of the atmosphere? B-007-05-06 (4) The more sunspots there are, the greater Which two types of radiation from the the ionization sun influence propagation? The more sunspots there are, the less the Subaudible and audio-frequency ionization emissions Unless there are sunspots, the ionization Polar region and equatorial emissions is zero Infra-red and gamma-ray emissions They have no effect Electromagnetic and particle emissions

B-007-05-02 (3) B-007-05-07 (1) How long is an average sunspot cycle? When sunspot numbers are high, how is 17 years the ionosphere affected? 5 years Frequencies up to 40 MHz or higher are 11 years normally usable for long-distance 7 years communication High frequency radio signals are B-007-05-03 (3) absorbed What is solar flux? Frequencies up to 100 MHz or higher A measure of the tilt of the earth's are normally usable for long-distance ionosphere on the side toward the sun communication The number of sunspots on the side of High frequency radio signals become the sun facing the earth weak and distorted The radio energy emitted by the sun The density of the sun's magnetic field

B-007-05-08 (4) B-007-06-02 (1) All communication frequencies What causes the maximum usable throughout the spectrum are affected in frequency to vary? varying degrees by the: The amount of radiation received from ionosphere the sun, mainly ultraviolet aurora borealis The temperature of the ionosphere atmospheric conditions The speed of the winds in the upper sun atmosphere The type of weather just below the B-007-05-09 (1) ionosphere Average duration of a solar cycle is: 11 years B-007-06-03 (4) 3 years What does maximum usable frequency 6 years mean? 1 year The lowest frequency signal that will reach its intended destination B-007-05-10 (1) The highest frequency signal that is most The ability of the ionosphere to reflect absorbed by the ionosphere high frequency radio signals depends on: The lowest frequency signal that is most the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the ionosphere the power of the transmitted signal The highest frequency signal that will the receiver sensitivity reach its intended destination upper atmosphere weather conditions B-007-06-04 (1) B-007-05-11 (1) What can be done at an amateur station Propagation cycles have a period of to continue HF communications during a approximately 11: sudden ionospheric disturbance? years Try a higher frequency months Try the other sideband days Try a different antenna polarization centuries Try a different frequency shift

B-007-06-01 (1) B-007-06-05 (1) What happens to signals higher in What is one way to determine if the frequency than the critical frequency? maximum usable frequency (MUF) is They pass through the ionosphere high enough to support 28 MHz They are absorbed by the ionosphere propagation between your station and Their frequency is changed by the western Europe? ionosphere to be below the maximum Listen for signals on the 10-metre usable frequency beacon frequency They are reflected back to their source Listen for signals on the 20-metre beacon frequency Listen for signals on the 39-metre broadcast frequency Listen for WWVH time signals on 20 MHz B-007-06-06 (3) B-007-06-10 (3) What usually happens to radio waves The optimum working frequency with frequencies below the maximum provides the best long range HF usable frequency (MUF) when they are communication. Compared with the sent into the ionosphere? maximum usable frequency (MUF), it is They are changed to a frequency above usually: the MUF double the MUF They are completely absorbed by the half the MUF ionosphere slightly lower They are bent back to the earth slightly higher They pass through the ionosphere B-007-06-11 (1) B-007-06-07 (3) During summer daytime, which bands At what point in the solar cycle does the are the most difficult for 20-metre band usually support communications beyond ground wave? worldwide propagation during daylight 160 and 80 metres hours? 40 metres Only at the minimum point of the solar 30 metres cycle 20 metres Only at the maximum point of the solar cycle B-007-07-01 (3) At any point in the solar cycle Which ionospheric region most affects At the summer solstice sky-wave propagation on the 6 metre band? B-007-06-08 (2) The F2 region If we transmit a signal, the frequency of The F1 region which is so high we no longer receive a The E region reflection from the ionosphere, the signal The D region frequency is above the: skip distance B-007-07-02 (4) maximum usable frequency What effect does tropospheric bending speed of light have on 2-metre radio waves? sunspot frequency It causes them to travel shorter distances It garbles the signal B-007-06-09 (1) It reverses the sideband of the signal Communication on the 80 metre band is It lets you contact stations farther away generally most difficult during: daytime in summer B-007-07-03 (3) evening in winter What causes tropospheric ducting of evening in summer radio waves? daytime in winter Lightning between the transmitting and receiving stations An aurora to the north A temperature inversion A very low pressure area

B-007-07-04 (3) B-007-07-09 (3) That portion of the radiation kept close Which emission modes are best for to the earth's surface due to bending in auroral propagation? the atmosphere is called the: RTTY and AM inverted wave FM and CW ground wave CW and SSB tropospheric wave SSB and FM ionospheric wave B-007-07-10 (2) B-007-07-05 (1) Excluding enhanced propagation modes, What is a sporadic-E condition? what is the approximate range of normal Patches of dense ionization at E-region VHF tropospheric propagation? height 2400 km (1500 miles) Partial tropospheric ducting at E-region 800 km (500 miles) height 3200 km (2000 miles) Variations in E-region height caused by 1600 km (1000 miles) sunspot variations A brief decrease in VHF signals caused B-007-07-11 (2) by sunspot variations What effect is responsible for propagating a VHF signal over 800 km B-007-07-06 (3) (500 miles)? On which amateur frequency band is the Faraday rotation extended-distance propagation effect of Tropospheric ducting sporadic-E most often observed? D-region absorption 160 metres Moon bounce 20 metres 6 metres B-007-08-01 (4) 2 metres What kind of propagation would best be used by two stations within each other's B-007-07-07 (2) skip zone on a certain frequency? In the northern hemisphere, in which Scatter-mode direction should a directional antenna be Sky-wave pointed to take maximum advantage of Ducting auroral propagation? Ground-wave East North B-007-08-02 (3) West If you receive a weak, distorted signal South from a distance, and close to the maximum usable frequency, what type B-007-07-08 (2) of propagation is probably occurring? Where in the ionosphere does auroral Ground-wave activity occur? Line-of-sight At F-region height Scatter At E-region height Ducting In the equatorial band At D-region height B-007-08-03 (2) B-007-08-07 (4) What is a characteristic of HF scatter When does scatter propagation on the signals? HF bands most often occur? Reversed modulation When the sunspot cycle is at a minimum A wavering sound and D-region absorption is high Reversed sidebands At night High intelligibility When the F1 and F2 regions are combined B-007-08-04 (1) When communicating on frequencies What makes HF scatter signals often above the maximum usable frequency sound distorted? (MUF) Energy scattered into the skip zone through several radio-wave paths B-007-08-08 (4) Auroral activity and changes in the Which of the following IS NOT a scatter earth's magnetic field mode? Propagation through ground waves that Meteor scatter absorb much of the signal Tropospheric scatter The state of the E-region at the point of Ionospheric scatter refraction Absorption scatter

B-007-08-05 (2) B-007-08-09 (2) Why are HF scatter signals usually Meteor scatter is most effective on what weak? band? Propagation through ground waves 40 metres absorbs most of the signal energy 6 metres Only a small part of the signal energy is 15 metres scattered into the skip zone 160 metres The F region of the ionosphere absorbs most of the signal energy B-007-08-10 (3) Auroral activity absorbs most of the Which of the following IS NOT a scatter signal energy mode? Side scatter B-007-08-06 (3) Back scatter What type of radio-wave propagation Inverted scatter allows a signal to be detected at a Forward scatter distance too far for ground-wave propagation but too near for normal sky- B-007-08-11 (1) wave propagation? In which frequency range is meteor Short-path skip scatter most effective for extended-range Sporadic-E skip communication? Scatter 30 - 100 MHz Ground wave 10 - 30 MHz 3 - 10 MHz 100 - 300 MHz

B-008-01-01 (3) B-008-01-05 (2) What is meant by receiver overload? When the signal from a transmitter Interference caused by turning the overloads the audio stages of a broadcast volume up too high receiver, the transmitted signal: Too much current from the power supply is distorted on voice peaks Interference caused by strong signals can appear wherever the receiver is from a nearby transmitter tuned Too much voltage from the power appears only on one frequency supply appears only when a station is tuned

B-008-01-02 (3) B-008-01-06 (2) What is one way to tell if radio Cross-modulation of a broadcast receiver frequency interference to a receiver is by a nearby transmitter would be noticed caused by front-end overload? in the receiver as: If grounding the receiver makes the interference only when a broadcast problem worse signal is tuned If connecting a low pass filter to the the undesired signal in the background receiver greatly cuts down the of the desired signal interference distortion on transmitted voice peaks If the interference is about the same no interference continuously across the dial matter what frequency is used for the transmitter B-008-01-07 (4) If connecting a low pass filter to the What is cross-modulation interference? transmitter greatly cuts down the Interference between two transmitters of interference different modulation type Interference caused by audio B-008-01-03 (3) rectification in the receiver reamplifier If a neighbour reports television Harmonic distortion of the transmitted interference whenever you transmit, no signal matter what band you use, what is Modulation from an unwanted signal is probably the cause of the interference? heard in addition to the desired signal Incorrect antenna length Receiver VR tube discharge B-008-01-08 (2) Receiver overload What is the term used to refer to the Too little transmitter harmonic condition where the signals from a very suppression strong station are superimposed on other signals being received? B-008-01-04 (1) Receiver quieting What type of filter should be connected Cross-modulation interference to a TV receiver as the first step in trying Capture effect to prevent RF overload from an amateur Intermodulation distortion HF station transmission? High-pass Low-pass Band-pass No filter B-008-01-09 (4) B-008-02-02 (3) What is the result of cross-modulation? What should be done if a properly Receiver quieting operating amateur station is the cause of A decrease in modulation level of interference to a nearby telephone? transmitted signals Ground and shield the local telephone Inverted sidebands in the final stage of distribution amplifier the amplifier Stop transmitting whenever the The modulation of an unwanted signal is telephone is in use heard on the desired signal Ask the telephone company to install RFI filters B-008-01-10 (3) Make internal adjustments to the If a television receiver suffers from telephone equipment cross-modulation when a nearby amateur transmitter is operating at 14 MHz, B-008-02-03 (3) which of the following cures might be What sound is heard from a public- effective? address system if audio rectification of a A low pass filter attached to the antenna nearby single-sideband phone output of the transmitter transmission occurs? A high pass filter attached to the antenna Clearly audible speech from the output of the transmitter transmitter's signals A high pass filter attached to the antenna On-and-off humming or clicking input of the television Distorted speech from the transmitter's A low pass filter attached to the antenna signals input of the television A steady hum whenever the transmitter's carrier is on the air B-008-01-11 (1) How can cross-modulation be reduced? B-008-02-04 (4) By installing a suitable filter at the What sound is heard from a public- receiver address system if audio rectification of a By using a better antenna nearby CW transmission occurs? By increasing the receiver RF gain while Audible, possibly distorted speech decreasing the AF gain Muffled, severely distorted speech By adjusting the passband tuning A steady whistling On-and-off humming or clicking B-008-02-01 (3) What devices would you install to B-008-02-05 (3) reduce or eliminate audio-frequency How can you minimize the possibility of interference to home entertainment audio rectification of your transmitter's systems? signals? Bypass resistors By installing bypass capacitors on all Metal-oxide varistors power supply rectifiers Bypass capacitors By using CW emission only Bypass inductors By ensuring that all station equipment is properly grounded By using a solid-state transmitter

B-008-02-06 (2) copper bar An amateur transmitter is being heard iron bar across the entire dial of a broadcast ferrite core receiver. The receiver is most probably wooden dowel suffering from: harmonics interference from the B-008-02-11 (4) transmitter Stereo amplifiers often have long leads cross-modulation or audio rectification which pick up transmitted signals in the receiver because they act as: poor image rejection transmitting antennas splatter from the transmitter RF attenuators frequency discriminators B-008-02-07 (1) receiving antennas Cross-modulation is usually caused by: rectification of strong signals B-008-03-01 (2) harmonics generated at the transmitter How can you prevent key-clicks? improper filtering in the transmitter By increasing power lack of receiver sensitivity and By using a key-click filter selectivity By using a better power supply By sending CW more slowly B-008-02-08 (4) What device can be used to minimize the B-008-03-02 (1) effect of RF pickup by audio wires If someone tells you that signals from connected to stereo speakers, intercom your hand-held transceiver are amplifiers, telephones, etc.? interfering with other signals on a Magnet frequency near yours, what may be the Attenuator cause? Diode Your hand-held may be transmitting Ferrite core spurious emissions You may need a power amplifier for B-008-02-09 (1) your hand-held Stereo speaker leads often act as Your hand-held may have chirp from antennas to pick up RF signals. What is weak batteries one method you can use to minimize this You may need to turn the volume up on effect? your hand-held Shorten the leads Lengthen the leads B-008-03-03 (3) Connect the speaker through an audio If your transmitter sends signals outside attenuator the band where it is transmitting, what is Connect a diode across the speaker this called? Side tones B-008-02-10 (3) Transmitter chirping One method of preventing RF from Spurious emissions entering a stereo set through the speaker Off-frequency emissions leads is to wrap each of the speaker leads around a: B-008-03-04 (2) inserting a choke and a capacitor at the What problem may occur if your key transmitter is operated without the cover turning the receiver down and other shielding in place? regulating the oscillator supply voltage It may transmit a weak signal using a choke in the RF power output It may transmit spurious emissions It may interfere with other stations B-008-03-09 (4) operating near its frequency A parasitic oscillation: It may transmit a chirpy signal is generated by parasitic elements of a Yagi beam B-008-03-05 (1) does not cause any radio interference In Morse code transmission, local RF is produced in a transmitter oscillator interference (key-clicks) is produced by: stage the making and breaking of the circuit at is an unwanted signal developed in a the Morse key transmitter frequency shifting caused by poor voltage regulation B-008-03-10 (1) the power amplifier, and is caused by Parasitic oscillations in the RF power high frequency parasitics amplifier stage of a transmitter may be poor waveshaping caused by a poor found: voltage regulator at high or low frequencies on harmonic frequencies B-008-03-06 (2) at high frequencies only Key-clicks, heard from a Morse code at low frequencies only transmitter at a distant receiver, are the result of: B-008-03-11 (3) power supply hum modulating the Transmitter RF amplifiers can generate carrier parasitic oscillations: too sharp rise and decay times of the on VHF frequencies only carrier on the transmitter fundamental sparks emitting RF from the key contacts frequency changes in oscillator frequency on on either side of the transmitter keying frequency on harmonics of the transmitter B-008-03-07 (4) frequency In a Morse code transmission, local RF interference (key-clicks) is produced by: shift in frequency when keying the transmitter sparking at the key contacts sudden movement in the receiver loudspeaker poor shaping of the waveform

B-008-03-08 (1) Key-clicks can be suppressed by: B-008-04-01 (2) B-008-04-05 (3) If a neighbour reports television If you are told your station was heard on interference on one or two channels only 21 375 kHz, but at the time you were when you transmit on 15 metres, what is operating on 7125 kHz, what is one probably the cause of the interference? reason this could happen? De ionization of the ionosphere near Your transmitter's power-supply filter your neighbour's TV antenna choke was bad Harmonic radiation from your You were sending CW too fast transmitter Your transmitter was radiating harmonic TV receiver front-end overload signals Too much low pass filtering on the Your transmitter's power-supply filter transmitter capacitor was bad

B-008-04-02 (1) B-008-04-06 (4) What is meant by harmonic radiation? What causes splatter interference? Unwanted signals at frequencies which Keying a transmitter too fast are multiples of the fundamental Signals from a transmitter's output (chosen) frequency circuit are being sent back to its input Unwanted signals that are combined circuit with a 60-Hz hum The transmitting antenna is the wrong Unwanted signals caused by sympathetic length vibrations from a nearby transmitter Overmodulation of a transmitter Signals which cause skip propagation to occur B-008-04-07 (3) Your amateur radio transmitter appears B-008-04-03 (4) to be creating interference to the Why is harmonic radiation from an television on channel 3 (60-66 MHz) amateur station not wanted? when you are transmitting on the 15 It uses large amounts of electric power metre band. Other channels are not It may cause sympathetic vibrations in affected. The most likely cause is: nearby transmitters no high-pass filter on the TV It may cause auroras in the air a bad ground at the transmitter It may cause interference to other harmonic radiation from the transmitter stations and may result in out-of-band front-end overload of the TV signals B-008-04-08 (3) B-008-04-04 (2) One possible cause of TV interference What type of interference may come by harmonics from an SSB transmitter is from a multi-band antenna connected to from "flat topping" - driving the final a poorly tuned transmitter? amplifier into non- linear operation. The Parasitic excitation most appropriate remedy for this is: Harmonic radiation retune transmitter output Intermodulation use another antenna Auroral distortion reduce microphone gain reduce oscillator output

B-008-04-09 (4) To reduce low frequency interference to In a transmitter, excessive harmonics are other amateurs produced by: To reduce harmonic radiation low SWR To reduce RF energy below a cut-off resonant circuits point a linear amplifier overdriven stages B-008-05-03 (4) What circuit blocks RF energy above B-008-04-10 (3) and below a certain limit? An interfering signal from a transmitter A high pass filter is found to have a frequency of 57 MHz An input filter (TV Channel 2 is 54 - 60 MHz). This A low pass filter signal could be the: A band pass filter crystal oscillator operating on its fundamental B-008-05-04 (3) seventh harmonic of an 80 metre What should be the impedance of a low transmission pass filter as compared to the impedance second harmonic of a 10 metre of the transmission line into which it is transmission inserted? third harmonic of a 15 metre Substantially lower transmission Twice the transmission line impedance About the same B-008-04-11 (1) Substantially higher Harmonics may be produced in the RF power amplifier of a transmitter if: B-008-05-05 (4) excessive drive signal is applied to it In order to reduce the harmonic output the output tank circuit is not correctly of a high frequency (HF) transmitter, tuned which of the following filters should be the oscillator frequency is unstable installed at the transmitter? modulation is applied to more than one Band pass stage High pass Rejection B-008-05-01 (1) Low pass What type of filter might be connected to an amateur HF transmitter to cut B-008-05-06 (2) down on harmonic radiation? To reduce harmonic output from a A low pass filter transmitter, you would put a A key-click filter ______in the transmission line A high pass filter as close to the transmitter as possible. A CW filter high pass filter low pass filter B-008-05-02 (3) band reject filter Why do modern HF transmitters have a wave trap built-in low pass filter in their RF output circuits? To reduce fundamental radiation B-008-05-07 (4) To reduce energy from an HF transmitter getting into a television set, you would place a ______as close to the TV as possible. low pass filter wave trap band reject filter high pass filter

B-008-05-08 (3) A band pass filter will: attenuate high frequencies but not low pass frequencies each side of a band allow only certain frequencies through stop frequencies in a certain band

B-008-05-09 (2) A band reject filter will: allow only two frequencies through pass frequencies each side of a band pass frequencies below 100 MHz stop frequencies each side of a band

B-008-05-10 (3) A high pass filter would normally be fitted: between microphone and speech amplifier at the Morse key or keying relay in a transmitter at the antenna terminals of the TV receiver between transmitter output and feed line

B-008-05-11 (3) A low pass filter suitable for a high frequency transmitter would: pass audio frequencies above 3 kHz attenuate frequencies below 30 MHz attenuate frequencies above 30 MHz pass audio frequencies below 3 kHz