InnoRail 2017

Coupling of Coaches Challenges and Solutions for the train communication network

Stefan Palm Business Development Manager October 11th, 2017 Trains Yesterday…

The legacy train communication network: • MVB – Multifunction • WTB – Wire Train Bus • CAN – Control Area Network Key Indicator

• MVB: – Up to 4095 simple sensors/actuators and up to 255 programmable stations – Physical level is using transmissions at a 1.5 Mbit/s data rate • OGF (Optical glass fibers) uses 240 μm fibers for a line distance of 2000 m, • EMD (Electrical Medium Distance) uses shielded twisted pair with RS 485, length reaching 200 m and • ESD (Electrical Short Distance) uses a simple backplane wiring, cable may be up to 20 m in length. • WTB: – Physical level uses RS-485 levels at 1 Mbit/s data rate. – Up to 32 addresses can be dynamically allocate – Frames have a maximum payload of 1024 bits • CAN – Uses shielded twisted pair – High-speed-Bus data rate: 1 Mbit/s, Low speed: 125 kbit/s – Max distance at 1 Mbit/s - 40 m, at 500 kbit/s - 100 m and at 125 kbit/s - 500 m

Trains Tomorrow…

The train communication network: • • (100 MB/s) • (1 GB/s) Key Indicator

• Fast Ethernet: – Transmission speed 100 Mbit/s, – Fast Ethernet standards for twisted pair cables (4 wire) – Optical glass fibers: max distance 400 Meter – maximum cabling distance of 100 m • Gigabit Ethernet: – Transmission speed 1000 Mbit/s, – Uses unshielded twisted pair (UTP) category 5, 5e or 6 cabling (all 4 pairs) – Optical fiber: capable of up to 10 km over a single strand of single- mode fiber, with a different wavelength going in each direction Adding New Technology to Optimize Old Rolling Stock

2-wire Ethernet Technology

Two legacy wire for 100Mbps Ethernet backbone

Seamless data transmission with bypass function when power failure

2-wire Ethernet 2-wire Ethernet with Port Trunking

Up to 200Mbps* transmission speed

Stable network with backbone redundancy

Network auto-bypass when power failure

2-wire Ethernet * To reach 200Mbps , two 2-wire modules and 4 cables are required Technologies for Onboard Networks

Power Line Standard Ethernet Moxa 2-wire VDSL Communication (CAT.5) (PLC) Number of 2-wire 4-wire 2-wire 2-wire wires Standard 100M Distance (10Mbps can reach 100M 100M N/A 300M)* Up to 200Mbps Speed 100Mbps 100Mbps 60Mbps (4-wire)

Initial time 3 s* 20 s to 1 min N/A

Redundant YES NO NO NO cable? (4-wire)

Fail-by-pass YES YES YES YES

* Depends on cable quality What is ACC? Automatic Carriage to Carriage Connection Key feature – ACC

• Automatic Inter-Carriage Link Establishment – Reduce on-site labor costs – Minimize the potential of re-configuration errors – Deal with changing carriages and carriage orientations • High Throughput Requirements support … – Multimedia entertainment, video security, PIS, etc... • Secure Network Access – Prevent unauthorized access to the trains’ internal network IP-Base Train Communication Network

Ring Coupling Ring Coupling Inter Consist Redundancy Solutions

Coupling and de-coupling without manual setting Customer’s Issues

• Problems: – Network looping between consist A & B – Static ring coupling cannot solve configuration/loop issue when changing consist direction – It requires re-configuration manually by operator – User error possibility – Complex operation and schedule delay A A Forwardin B Primary C g SW B1 SW B3 SW A1 SW A3 SW C1 SW C3 TurboRing Forwardin TurboRing Backup TurboRing g SW B4 SW B6 SW A4 SW A6 SW C4 SW C6 Coupler group Coupler group Coupler group Loop Ring Coupling Solved

• Customer Benefit: – Time saving, train on time arrive – Improve the efficiency of passenger service – Prevent network crash – Manual re-configure is not required – Avoid user error A A Primary B Primary C SW B1 SW B3 SW A1 SW A3 SW C1 SW C3 TurboRing Backup TurboRing Backup TurboRing

SW B4 SW B6 SW A4 SW A6 SW C4 SW C6 Coupler group Coupler group Coupler group The Ethernet based Train Communication Network (TCN)

T2G IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n Managed AP/Client 16+2G switch ET Backbone

Managed Managed PoE 8+2G Switch 16+2G Switch Ring/Chain MCU

EC Network

IP camera

HMI PIS PA Interco VCU Display m IP Cam NVR CCTV What is IEC 61375? TCN (Train Communication Network) • IEC 61375 defines a communication architecture and the necessary protocols for communication on train and on vehicle level – IEC 61375-1 Part 1: General architecture – IEC 61375-2-1 Part 2-1: Wire Train Bus (WTB) – IEC 61375-2-2 Part 2-2: Wire Train Bus conformance testing – IEC 61375-2-3 Part 2-3: Communication Profile – IEC 61375-2-3 Part 2-4: Application Profile – IEC 61375-2-5 Part 2-5: ETB - – IEC 61375-2-6 Part 2-6: On-board to ground communication – IEC 61375-3-1 Part 3-1: Multifunction Vehicle Bus (MVB) – IEC 61375-3-2 Part 3-2: MVB (Multifunction Vehicle Bus) conformance testing – IEC 61375-3-3 Part 3-3: CANopen Consist Network (CCN) – IEC 61375-3-4 Part 3-4: ECN- IEC 61375-2-5

Coupling and de-coupling without manual setting ETB/ECN Solution IEC 61375-2-3 / IEC 61375-2-5

There is private network in ECN, so during coupling andThere de is-coupling private network there in isECN, no so impact during coupling in ECN and network de-coupling there is no impact in ECN network MOXA’s core technologies

Confidential Moxa’s Full-Range of IRIS-Certified Product Portfolio

Programmable Ethernet Wireless Computing IP Camera Controller and IO Device Server Infrastructure Communication VCU NVR VPort Series ioPAC / NPort Series TN Series AWK / TAP Series V2000A Series ioLogik Series

Over 400 Railway-Specific Models Thank You