Formica Exsecta
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Genetic Population Structure in the Rare Narrow-Headed Ant Formica Exsecta
Research Summary: Genetic population structure in the rare narrow-headed ant Formica exsecta 1 2 2 3 4 Jenni A. Stockan , Joan Cottrell , Stuart A’Hara , T vtti Vanhala and Stephen Carroll Background: Findings: This note summarises research undertaken using o The Devon population contained genetic markers microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers to that were absent from any of the Scottish investigate the genetic and social structure of UK populations. Taken as a whole, the Scottish populations of the rare narrow-headed ant, Formica population also contained genetic markers absent exsecta. This is a species of conservation concern both from the Devon population. Overall, the British nationally and globally. In Britain, this species has population of F. exsecta has less genetic diversity suffered a significant reduction in its abundance over than those reported in the literature from the last 100 years with several local extinctions. mainland Europe. Remaining populations are highly fragmented, some o Genetic differentiation occurs when there is containing less than 10 nests. restricted gene flow between populations. The Devon population is highly differentiated from the Genetic diversity enables populations to evolve when Scottish populations. The UK sites were more faced with changing environmental conditions and differentiated than those across a much larger without it, populations face an increased risk of geographic scale in mainland Europe. extinction. Genetic diversity therefore underpins o There was a lack of differentiation between population adaptation and resilience. Scottish populations. Genetic connectivity is Aim and objectives: maintained by contemporary migration from An understanding of the population genetics and social Abernethy and Glenmore, Abernethy to Mar structure of F. -
The Functions and Evolution of Social Fluid Exchange in Ant Colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C
ISSN 1997-3500 Myrmecological News myrmecologicalnews.org Myrmecol. News 31: 1-30 doi: 10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:001 13 January 2021 Review Article Trophallaxis: the functions and evolution of social fluid exchange in ant colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C. LeBoeuf Abstract Trophallaxis is a complex social fluid exchange emblematic of social insects and of ants in particular. Trophallaxis behaviors are present in approximately half of all ant genera, distributed over 11 subfamilies. Across biological life, intra- and inter-species exchanged fluids tend to occur in only the most fitness-relevant behavioral contexts, typically transmitting endogenously produced molecules adapted to exert influence on the receiver’s physiology or behavior. Despite this, many aspects of trophallaxis remain poorly understood, such as the prevalence of the different forms of trophallaxis, the components transmitted, their roles in colony physiology and how these behaviors have evolved. With this review, we define the forms of trophallaxis observed in ants and bring together current knowledge on the mechanics of trophallaxis, the contents of the fluids transmitted, the contexts in which trophallaxis occurs and the roles these behaviors play in colony life. We identify six contexts where trophallaxis occurs: nourishment, short- and long-term decision making, immune defense, social maintenance, aggression, and inoculation and maintenance of the gut microbiota. Though many ideas have been put forth on the evolution of trophallaxis, our analyses support the idea that stomodeal trophallaxis has become a fixed aspect of colony life primarily in species that drink liquid food and, further, that the adoption of this behavior was key for some lineages in establishing ecological dominance. -
Narrow-Headed Ant Formica Exsecta Survey for Back from the Brink 2018
REPORT Narrow-headed Ant Formica exsecta Survey for Back from the Brink 2018- 2020 John Walters Saving the small things that run the planet Narrow-headed Ant Formica exsecta survey for Buglife - Back from the Brink Project 2018 - 2020 John Walters 47 Oaklands Park, Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0BP [email protected] www.johnwalters.co.uk Summary This survey was conducted between 2018 and 2020 with Stephen Carroll (SC), Betsy Vulliamy (BV), Mark Bailey (MB) and Andrew Ross (AR) and other volunteers listed below. A complete survey of the Narrow-headed Ant Formica exsecta nests on the Devon Wildlife Trust Reserve at Chudleigh Knighton Heath (CKH) begun in 2018 was continued and about 133 active nests are currently being monitored at CKH. This includes 8 active nests on the road verge adjacent to CKH managed by Highways England. Useful information has been gained through close observation of the ants nesting, foraging and their nuptial flight behaviour. This combined with habitat studies and nest monitoring has informed the development of nest translocation and introduction techniques. Eleven nests have been translocated from compartment 8 of Chudleigh Knighton Heath to compartments 1, 5 and 3 at CKH and also to Bovey Heathfield and Teigngrace Meadow, all these sites are Devon Wildlife Trust nature reserves. The results so far have shown limited success with these translocations with only 2 currently active. An alternative method of introducing queenless nests to other sites then releasing mated queens at these in July has been investigated. Results from this are inconclusive at the moment but with refinement this may be a good method of introducing the ant to other sites. -
Archiv Für Naturgeschichte
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Archiv für Naturgeschichte Jahr/Year: 1897 Band/Volume: 63-2_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Stadelmann Hermann Artikel/Article: Hymenoptera. 347-412 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Hymenoptera. Bearbeitet von Dr. H. Stadelmann. A. Allgemeines. Adlerz, G. (1). Myrmekologiska Studier. III, Tomognathus sub- laevis Mayr. Bih. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Hdlgr. Bd. 21. No. 4. Taf. T. suhlaevis findet sich nur in Nordeuropa. Tomognathus lebt in Nestern von Leptothorax. Eine kleine Anzahl T. s. vertrieb Lept. acervorum aus ihrem Neste, die ihre Larven und Nymphen mit- nahmen. To7n. suhl, suchte die liegengelassenen Larven und Puppen zusammen und schleppte sie in das Nest zurück. Das Zusammen- leben beider Arten beginnt also, indem T. das Nest der Hilfsameise in Beschlag nimmt. Die ausschlüpfenden Puppen sind Sklaven. Tomognathus frisst allein, wenn ihm die Nahrung gebracht wird, doch holt er sie nicht selber, sondern lässt sie sich von den Sklaven bringen. Auch in Bezug auf das Füttern ihrer eigenen Larven hängen sie gewissermassen von ihren Sklaven ab. T. hat wahr- scheinlich einen Stridulationsapparat. Das Männchen ist dem von L. acervoricm sehr ähnhch. Das Weibchen ähnelt dagegen sehr den Arbeitern und ist schwer davon zu unterscheiden, nur hat es Ocellen, mehr Eiröhren und ein Receptaculum seminis. Die Männ- chen copuliren sich nicht mit den Weibchen desselben Nestes, sondern immer mit denen eines fremden und zwar im Freien. Die Embryonalentwicklung dauert je nach der Temperatur 25 —55 Tage. Die Larven ähneln denen von Leptothorax so, dass man sie sehr schwer unterscheiden kann. -
No Impact on Queen Turnover, Inbreeding, and Population Genetic Differentiation in the Ant Formica Selysi
Evolution, 58(5), 2004, pp. 1064±1072 VARIABLE QUEEN NUMBER IN ANT COLONIES: NO IMPACT ON QUEEN TURNOVER, INBREEDING, AND POPULATION GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN THE ANT FORMICA SELYSI MICHEL CHAPUISAT,1 SAMUEL BOCHERENS, AND HERVEÂ ROSSET Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biology Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 1E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Variation in queen number alters the genetic structure of social insect colonies, which in turn affects patterns of kin-selected con¯ict and cooperation. Theory suggests that shifts from single- to multiple-queen colonies are often associated with other changes in the breeding system, such as higher queen turnover, more local mating, and restricted dispersal. These changes may restrict gene ¯ow between the two types of colonies and it has been suggested that this might ultimately lead to sympatric speciation. We performed a detailed microsatellite analysis of a large population of the ant Formica selysi, which revealed extensive variation in social structure, with 71 colonies headed by a single queen and 41 by multiple queens. This polymorphism in social structure appeared stable over time, since little change in the number of queens per colony was detected over a ®ve-year period. Apart from queen number, single- and multiple-queen colonies had very similar breeding systems. Queen turnover was absent or very low in both types of colonies. Single- and multiple-queen colonies exhibited very small but signi®cant levels of inbreeding, which indicates a slight deviation from random mating at a local scale and suggests that a small proportion of queens mate with related males. -
The Evolution of Social Parasitism in Formica Ants Revealed by a Global Phylogeny – Supplementary Figures, Tables, and References
The evolution of social parasitism in Formica ants revealed by a global phylogeny – Supplementary figures, tables, and references Marek L. Borowiec Stefan P. Cover Christian Rabeling 1 Supplementary Methods Data availability Trimmed reads generated for this study are available at the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (to be submit ted upon publication). Detailed voucher collection information, assembled sequences, analyzed matrices, configuration files and output of all analyses, and code used are available on Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zen odo.4341310). Taxon sampling For this study we gathered samples collected in the past ~60 years which were available as either ethanol preserved or pointmounted specimens. Taxon sampling comprises 101 newly sequenced ingroup morphos pecies from all seven species groups of Formica ants Creighton (1950) that were recognized prior to our study and 8 outgroup species. Our sampling was guided by previous taxonomic and phylogenetic work Creighton (1950); Francoeur (1973); Snelling and Buren (1985); Seifert (2000, 2002, 2004); Goropashnaya et al. (2004, 2012); Trager et al. (2007); Trager (2013); Seifert and Schultz (2009a,b); MuñozLópez et al. (2012); Antonov and Bukin (2016); Chen and Zhou (2017); Romiguier et al. (2018) and included represen tatives from both the New and the Old World. Collection data associated with sequenced samples can be found in Table S1. Molecular data collection and sequencing We performed nondestructive extraction and preserved samespecimen vouchers for each newly sequenced sample. We remounted all vouchers, assigned unique specimen identifiers (Table S1), and deposited them in the ASU Social Insect Biodiversity Repository (contact: Christian Rabeling, [email protected]). -
Oxytocin/Vasopressin-Like Peptide Inotocin Regulates Cuticular Hydrocarbon Synthesis and Water Balancing in Ants
Oxytocin/vasopressin-like peptide inotocin regulates cuticular hydrocarbon synthesis and water balancing in ants Akiko Kotoa,b,1, Naoto Motoyamac, Hiroki Taharac, Sean McGregord, Minoru Moriyamaa,b, Takayoshi Okabee, Masayuki Miurac, and Laurent Kellerd aBioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566 Ibaraki, Japan; bComputational Bio Big Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566 Ibaraki, Japan; cDepartment of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan; dDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; and eDrug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan Edited by Bert Hölldobler, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, and approved February 1, 2019 (received for review October 17, 2018) Oxytocin/vasopressin-like peptides are important regulators of workers foraging outside the nest. This age-based division of labor is physiology and social behavior in vertebrates. However, the often referred to as task polyethism, although individuals may also function of inotocin, the homologous peptide in arthropods, flexibly switch their role according to colony demands (30–32). remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the level of expression As workers transit from nursing to foraging, they experience of inotocin and inotocin receptor are correlated with task allocation new environmental challenges, such as fluctuating temperatures in the ant Camponotus fellah. Both genes are up-regulated when and low humidity, both significant threats in terms of water loss workers age and switch tasks from nursing to foraging. in situ hy- and desiccation. -
Natal Dispersal, Mating Patterns, and Inbreeding in the Ant Formica Exsecta
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Open Research Exeter Title: Natal dispersal, mating patterns, and inbreeding in the ant Formica exsecta Emma I. K. Vitikainen1,2*, Cathy Haag-Liautard3, and Liselotte Sundström1 1. Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; and Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2. Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, United Kingdom 3. Institut de Sciences de l’Evolution Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5554, Station Marine de Sète, 2 rue des Chantiers, 34200 Sète, France *. Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected]. Keywords: Natal dispersal, Inbreeding avoidance, homozygosity, ants, social insects, sex biased dispersal Additional elements for the online edition only: Table A1: Full results of the linear mixed model: Dispersal distance Table A2: Full results of the GLM: Queen dispersal distance Table A3: Full results of the GLM: Worker homozygosity Table A4: Full results of the GLM: relatedness between mating partners 1 Abstract Sex-biased dispersal and multiple mating may prevent or alleviate inbreeding and its outcome, inbreeding depression, but studies demonstrating this in the wild are scarce. Perennial ant colonies offer a unique system to investigate the relationships between natal dispersal behaviour and inbreeding. Due to the sedentary life of ant colonies and life-time sperm storage by queens, measures of dispersal distance and mating strategy are easier to obtain than in most taxa. We used a suite of molecular markers to infer the natal colonies of queens and males in a wild population of the ant Formica exsecta. -
Supercolonial Structure of Invasive Populations of the Tawny Crazy Ant Nylanderia Fulva in the US Pierre-André Eyer1* , Bryant Mcdowell1, Laura N
Eyer et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2018) 18:209 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1336-5 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Supercolonial structure of invasive populations of the tawny crazy ant Nylanderia fulva in the US Pierre-André Eyer1* , Bryant McDowell1, Laura N. L. Johnson1, Luis A. Calcaterra2, Maria Belen Fernandez2, DeWayne Shoemaker3, Robert T. Puckett1 and Edward L. Vargo1 Abstract Background: Social insects are among the most serious invasive pests in the world, particularly successful at monopolizing environmental resources to outcompete native species and achieve ecological dominance. The invasive success of some social insects is enhanced by their unicolonial structure, under which the presence of numerous queens and the lack of aggression against non-nestmates allow high worker densities, colony growth, and survival while eliminating intra-specific competition. In this study, we investigated the population genetics, colony structure and levels of aggression in the tawny crazy ant, Nylanderia fulva, which was recently introduced into the United States from South America. Results: We found that this species experienced a genetic bottleneck during its invasion lowering its genetic diversity by 60%. Our results show that the introduction of N. fulva is associated with a shift in colony structure. This species exhibits a multicolonial organization in its native range, with colonies clearly separated from one another, whereas it displays a unicolonial system with no clear boundaries among nests in its invasive range. We uncovered an absence of genetic differentiation among populations across the entire invasive range, and a lack of aggressive behaviors towards conspecifics from different nests, even ones separated by several hundreds of kilometers. -
Archiv Für Naturgeschichte
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Archiv für Naturgeschichte Jahr/Year: 1908 Band/Volume: 74-2_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Lucas Robert Artikel/Article: Hymenoptera für 1907. 1-74 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Hymenoptera für 1907. Bearbeitet von Dr. Robert Lucas. (Inhaltsverzeichnis siehe am Schlüsse des Berichts. A. Publikationen (Autoren alphabetisch). Adelung, ]V. N., Wolmann, L. M., Kokujev, N. R., Kusnezov, N. J., Oshanin, B., Rimsky-Korsakov, M. N., Ruzskij, M. D., Jacobson, 0. G. [Verzeichnis der im Jahre 1901 —1904 in der Schlüsselburger Festung von M. V. Novorusskij gesammelten Insekten.] St. Petersburg. Horae Soc. Entom. Ross. T. 38. 1907 p. CXXXVIII—CXLV [Russisch]. Adlerz, Ciottfrid. Jakttagelser öfver solitära getingar. Arkiv Zool. Bd. 3. No. 17, 1907 p. 64. — Beobachtungen über solitäre Wespen. Alfken, J. D. (I). Über die von Brülle aufgestellten Halictus- Arten. Zeitschr. f. System. Hym. u. Dipt. Jhg. 7, 1907, p. 62—64. — C^). Die südamerikanische Bienengattung Lonchopria Vachal. t. c. p. 79. — (3). Neue paläarktische Halictus-Arten. t. c. p. 202—206. — (4). Apidae. Fauna Südwest-AustraUens, hrsg. von W. Mi- chaelsen und R. Hartmeyer. Bd. 1. Lfg. 6. Jena (G. Fischer), 1907 p. 259—261. — (5). Eine neue paläarktische Halictus-Art. Gas. Geske Spol. Entomol. vol. 2, 1905 p. 4—6. Andre, E. (I). Liste des Mutillides recueillis a Geylan par M. le Dr. Walther Hörn et description des especes. Deutsch, entom. Zeitschr. Berlin 1907 p. 251—258. — Spilomutilla (1), Promecilla (1 + 1 n. sp.), Mutilla (11 + 3 n. -
Die Sozialparasitischen Ameisen Der Schweiz Kommentar Zum Umschlagbild
Die sozialparasitischen Ameisen der Schweiz Kommentar zum Umschlagbild Auf der grossen, glänzend schwarzen Königin der Rasenameise Tetramorium caespitum sitzen drei Weibchen des Sozialparasiten Teleutomyrmex scheiden. Ihrer zwei -- ein geflügeltes und ein urgeflügeltes — sind stenogastre Weibchen, das heisst ihr Hinterleib ist schmal. Die Eierstöcke ent- halten keine legereifen Eier. Diese Weibchen halten sich auf dem Rücken der grossen Ameise festge- klammert. Dabei fallen vor allem auch ihre tellerförmig abgeplatteten Abdomina auf. Die dritte Parasitenkönigin ist stark physogaster, das heisst ihr Hinterleib ist ballonartig aufgetrieben; die Eier- stöcke sind mit legereifen Eiern prall gefüllt. Das Weibchen sitzt auf dem Abdomen der Tetramorium-Königin und ist wie diese mit der Ablage von Eiern beschäftigt. Die Eier beider Königinnen werden von den Arbeiterinnen der Rasenameise übernommen und weiter gehegt. Grösse des Parasitenweib- chens ca. 2,5 mm (nach einem nach Natur verfertigten Gemälde von W. LINSENMAIER). Der Druck des farbigen Umschlagbildes wurde durch einen Beitrag des Entomologischen Tn- stitutes der ETH aus einem Fonds der BIEDERMANN-MANTEL-Stiftung ermöglicht. NEUJAHRSBLATT herausgegeben von der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich auf das Jahr 1969 171. Stück 1969 KommissionsveLeemanninann AG Zürich Veröffentlichung der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich im Anschluss an den Jahrgang 113 der Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich Redaktion: Prof. Dr. E. A. Thomas, Fehrenstrasse 15, 8032 Zürich Ausgegeben am 31. Dezember 1968 Nachdruck, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Quellenangabe gestattet Die sozialparasitischen Ameisen der Schweiz VOR H. KUTTER (Männedorf) Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort und Einleitung 5 Einige allgemeine Bemerkungen über das Leben der Ameisen 7 Aus dein Leben der Sozialparasiten unserer Ameisen 17 Kollektiv 1 18 A. Temporäre Sozialparasiten 18 1. -
Of the Ants Formica Exsecta Nyl
ACTA NEUROBIOL. EXP. 1973. 33: 597-622 ETHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON POLYCALIC COLONIES OF THE ANTS FORMICA EXSECTA NYL. Janina DOBRZAfiSKA Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warszawa, Poland Abstract. The members of a polycalic colony of Formica exsecta freely walk over its various nests, while performing social functions. It seems that the external service in the species ceases to belong strictly to one nest and forms a supra-nest attachment. The probability of this relation is more credible in the light of the results of this research which disclosed a tendency to local migrations. For, both these ethological peculiarities require an inhibition of the attachment to the re- stricted habitat, which seems to be characteristic of the species of the genus Formica. It seems that we are dealing here with a process of colony integration, and that we witness the extention of the social unit from the nest into the whole colony. INTRODUCTION Many species of ants, including those of the genus Formica, build multi-nest colonies, knlown in myrmecological literature as polycalic ones. Such a colony is, as a rule, developed by splitting from a parent nest (9) and, therefore, all nests in the colony are of common origin. A com- plex of families of ants, which preserve their mutual ties by common feeding areas, common paths and common breeding (of aphids i,s named a multi-nest colony. This phenomenon has been confirmed in the case of the Formica by Kiil (14), Dlussky (4, 5) and Marikovsky (16). Mari- kovsky (16) and Dlussky (3, 5) consider the inter-nest exchange of brood, which in their opinion certainly takes place in the fall, as an indispens- able feature of the colony.