FINAL CASSELMAN RIVER TMDL Somerset and Fayette Counties
For Mine Drainage Affected Segments
Prepared by:
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
May 27, 2009
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction...... 4 Directions to the Casselman River...... 5 Watershed Characteristics...... 5 Segments addressed in this TMDL...... 6 Clean Water Act Requirements ...... 7 Section 303(d) Listing Process ...... 8 Basic Steps for Determining a TMDL...... 9 AMD Methodology...... 9 TMDL Endpoints...... 11 TMDL Elements (WLA, LA, MOS) ...... 12 Allocation Summary...... 12 Recommendations...... 15 Public Participation...... 18 Future TMDL Modifications ...... 18 Changes in TMDLs That May Require EPA Approval...... 18 Changes in TMDLs That May Not Require EPA Approval...... 19 Load Tracking Mechanisms...... 95 Options for Permittees in TMDL Watersheds ...... 95 Options identified ...... 95 Other possible options ...... 95
TABLES
Table 1. Applicable Water Quality Criteria...... 12 Table 2. Casselman River Watershed Summary Table ...... 13
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A ...... 20 Casselman River Watershed Maps ...... 20 Attachment B...... 28 Method for Addressing Section 303(d) Listings for pH...... 28 Attachment C ...... 31 Method for Calculating Loads from Mine Drainage Treatment Facilities from Surface Mines ...... 31 Attachment D ...... 36 TMDLs By Segment...... 36 Attachment E...... 85 Excerpts Justifying Changes Between the 1996, 1998, and 2002 Section 303(d) Lists and Integrated Report/List (2004, 2006) ...... 85 Attachment F...... 88 Water Quality Data Used In TMDL Calculations ...... 88 Attachment G ...... 94 TMDLs and NPDES Permitting Coordination ...... 94 Attachment H ...... 97
2 Comment and Response...... 97
3 TMDL1 Casselman River Somerset and Fayette Counties, Pennsylvania
Introduction
This report presents the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) developed for a segment of the Casselman River (Attachment A). These were done to address the impairments noted on the 1996 Pennsylvania Section 303(d) list of impaired waters, required under the Clean Water Act, and covers one segment on that list and additional segments on later lists/reports (Table 1). Casselman River was listed as impaired for metals. All impairments resulted from drainage from abandoned coalmines. The TMDL addresses the three primary metals associated with abandoned mine drainage (iron, manganese, aluminum) and pH.
Table 1. 303(d) listed segments State Water Plan (SWP) Subbasin: 19F HUC: 05020006 Listed Assessment Designated Source Cause Year Miles Id Stream ID Stream Code Use Code Code Casselman 1996 26 * 38579 River WWF RE Metals Casselman 2006 1.42 12407 39142 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 0.68 12407 39143 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 1.21 12373 39262 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 1.07 12409 39265 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 1.20 12409 39266 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman Metals 0.45 12409 39267 River, Unt WWF AMD pH 2006 Casselman 1.01 12413 39268 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 0.02 13086 39268 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 1.01 12427 39270 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 0.84 12431 39272 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 1.34 12432 39275 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 12432 Casselman 0.53 39276 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals
1 Pennsylvania’s 1996, 1998, and 2002 Section 303(d) lists and the 2004 and 2006 Integrated Water Quality Report were approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The 1996 Section 303(d) list provides the basis for measuring progress under the 1997 lawsuit settlement of American Littoral Society and Public Interest Group of Pennsylvania v. EPA.
4 2006 12432 Casselman 0.77 39277 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 12432 Casselman 0.41 39278 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 12432 Casselman 1.31 39279 River, Unt WWF AMD pH 2006 12432 Casselman 1.94 39280 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 12432 Casselman 0.14 39282 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 Casselman 0.49 12433 39314 River, Unt WWF AMD Metals 2006 2.41 12546 39050 Weimer Run CWF AMD Metals 2006 Weimer Run, 0.44 12546 39051 Unt CWF AMD Metals 2006 Weimer Run, 0.58 12543 39052 Unt CWF AMD pH RE = Resource Extraction AMD = Abandoned Mine Drainage WWF = Warm Water Fishes CWF = Cold Water Fishes
Directions to the Casselman River
Casselman River is located in southwestern Pennsylvania and flows through the southern portion of Somerset County from the Pennsylvania and Maryland border, approximately 1 ¼ miles southeast of Niverton, north to the town of Rockwood and southwest to the town of Confluence where it flows into the Youghiogheny River. The watershed includes portions of Addison, Elk Lick, Milford, Black, Summit, Upper Turkeyfoot, Lower Turkeyfoot, Greenville, Brothersvalley, and Middlecreek Townships. The Casselman River Watershed can be accessed by traveling to its northern most town of Rockwood by taking Water Level Road south-southwest from Somerset. The Casselman River enters at the Pennsylvania and Maryland border approximately 2 ½ miles southeast of Salisbury on River Road, T-864. The southwest extension of the Casselman River is at Confluence which can be reached by traveling on S.R. 281 from Somerset.
Watershed Characteristics
The Casselman River is located on portions of the Avilton, Maryland, and Murdock, Meyersdale, Rockwood, Markleton, and Confluence Pennsylvania United States Geological Survey 7.5 – Minute Quadrangles. The total area within the watershed consists of approximately 248,481 acres or 388.2 square miles. Land uses within the watershed include abandoned mine lands, forestlands, agricultural lands and rural residential properties and small communities.
The Casselman River originates south of the Pennsylvania border and Grantsville, Maryland. It flows north to the town of Rockwood where it turns southwest to its junction with Youghiogheny River in Confluence. The watershed is situated in the upland plateau of the Appalachian Physiographic Providence. The Casselman River flows from an elevation in Pennsylvania of approximately 2050 feet above sea level to an elevation of approximately 1330 feet above sea level at its confluence with Youghiogheny River. The watershed is bounded on the east by the axis of the Berlin Syncline. The watershed is bounded to the north by the axes of the Negro
5 Mountain Anticline and the Centerville Dome. The watershed is bounded on the west by the axes of the Lexington syncline and the Youghiogheny syncline. Strata and geologic structure within the watershed are regionally oriented with a SW to NE trend. The direction of dip is variable depending on the portion of the watershed related to the geologic structure.
The watershed area is comprised of Pennsylvania aged rocks, which are divided into the Clarion, Kittanning, and Freeport formations of the Allegheny Group and the Glenshaw and Casselman formation of the Conemaugh Group. The watershed is also represented by the Pottsville and Monogahela Group. The coal seams range from the Quakertown Coal, Brookville, Clarion, Kittanning, Freeport, Bakersville, Pittsburgh, Morantown, Redstone, and Sewickley coal seams which are among the most prominently mined in the watershed.
The entire watershed has been extensively mined by the surface and underground mining methods and industrial mineral operations. The earliest mining in the watershed occurred in six large commercial deep mines on the Pittsburgh coal seam in the Shaw Mines area prior to 1877. Additional deep mining operations on various coal seams where expanded in the watershed in the early 1990’s. The mining operations of today are mostly by the surface mining method and exceed more than 100 active sites. The major pollutant in the watershed is mine drainage from abandoned surface and underground mines and coal refuse piles. Mine discharges from abandoned underground mines on the Pittsburgh, Brookville and Lower Kittanning coal seams typically have the most significant impact on the water quality in the watershed. Most of the 200 mine discharges in the watershed are from abandoned mines while discharges from primacy mining operations are treated passively or chemically or will have trust funds associated with them.
Segments addressed in this TMDL
Casselman River is affected by pollution from AMD. This pollution has caused high levels of metals in the watershed. The TMDLs will be expressed as long-term, average loadings. Due to the nature and complexity of mining effects on the watershed, expressing the TMDL as a long- term average gives a better representation of the data used for the calculations.
This AMD TMDL document contains one or more future mining Waste Load Allocations (WLA). This (these) WLA(s) were requested by the Pottsville District Mining Office (DMO) to accommodate one or more future mining operations. The District Mining Office determined the number of and location of the future mining WLAs. This will allow speedier approval of future mining permits without the time-consuming process of amending this TMDL document. All comments and questions concerning the future mining WLAs in this TMDL are to be directed to the appropriate DMO. Future wasteload allocations are calculated using the method described for quantifying pollutant load in Attachment C.
The following are examples of what is or is not intended by the inclusion of future mining WLAs. This list is by way of example and is not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive:
6 1. The inclusion of one or more future mining WLAs is not intended to exclude the issuance of future non-mining NPDES permits in this watershed or any waters of the Commonwealth. 2. The inclusion of one or more future mining WLAs in specific segments of this watershed is not intended to exclude future mining in any segments of this watershed that does not have a future mining WLA. 3. The inclusion of future mining WLAs does not preclude the amending of this AMD TMDL to accommodate additional NPDES permits.
All of the remaining discharges in the watershed are from abandoned mines and will be treated as non-point sources. The distinction between non-point and point sources in this case is determined on the basis of whether or not there is a responsible party for the discharge. TMDLs will be expressed as long-term, average loadings. Due to the nature and complexity of mining effects on the watershed, expressing the TMDL as a long-term average gives a better representation of the data used for the calculations. See Attachment D for TMDL calculations.
Clean Water Act Requirements
Section 303(d) of the 1972 Clean Water Act requires states, territories, and authorized tribes to establish water quality standards. The water quality standards identify the uses for each waterbody and the scientific criteria needed to support that use. Uses can include designations for drinking water supply, contact recreation (swimming), and aquatic life support. Minimum goals set by the Clean Water Act require that all waters be “fishable” and “swimmable.”
Additionally, the federal Clean Water Act and the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) implementing regulations (40 CFR Part 130) require:
• States to develop lists of impaired waters for which current pollution controls are not stringent enough to meet water quality standards (the list is used to determine which streams need TMDLs);
• States to establish priority rankings for waters on the lists based on severity of pollution and the designated use of the waterbody; states must also identify those waters for which TMDLs will be developed and a schedule for development;
• States to submit the list of waters to EPA every two years (April 1 of the even numbered years);
• States to develop TMDLs, specifying a pollutant budget that meets state water quality standards and allocate pollutant loads among pollution sources in a watershed, e.g., point and nonpoint sources; and
• EPA to approve or disapprove state lists and TMDLs within 30 days of final submission.
Despite these requirements, states, territories, authorized tribes, and EPA had not developed many TMDLs. Beginning in 1986, organizations in many states filed lawsuits against the EPA
7 for failing to meet the TMDL requirements contained in the federal Clean Water Act and its implementing regulations. While EPA has entered into consent agreements with the plaintiffs in several states, other lawsuits still are pending across the country.
In the cases that have been settled to date, the consent agreements require EPA to backstop TMDL development, track TMDL development, review state monitoring programs, and fund studies on issues of concern (e.g., AMD, implementation of nonpoint source Best Management Practices (BMPs), etc.).
These TMDLs were developed in partial fulfillment of the 1997 lawsuit settlement of American Littoral Society and Public Interest Group of Pennsylvania v. EPA.
Section 303(d) Listing Process
Prior to developing TMDLs for specific waterbodies, there must be sufficient data available to assess which streams are impaired and should be on the Section 303(d) list. With guidance from the EPA, the states have developed methods for assessing the waters within their respective jurisdictions.
The primary method adopted by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) for evaluating waters changed between the publication of the 1996 and 1998 Section 303(d) lists. Prior to 1998, data used to list streams were in a variety of formats, collected under differing protocols. Information also was gathered through the Section 305(b)2 reporting process. DEP is now using the Statewide Surface Waters Assessment Protocol (SSWAP), a modification of the EPA’s 1989 Rapid Bioassessment Protocol II (RBP-II), as the primary mechanism to assess Pennsylvania’s waters. The SSWAP provides a more consistent approach to assessing Pennsylvania’s streams.
The assessment method requires selecting representative stream segments based on factors such as surrounding land uses, stream characteristics, surface geology, and point source discharge locations. The biologist selects as many sites as necessary to establish an accurate assessment for a stream segment; the length of the assessed stream segment can vary between sites. All the biological surveys included kick-screen sampling of benthic macroinvertebrates and habitat evaluations. Benthic macroinvertebrates are identified to the family level in the field.
After the survey is completed, the biologist determines the status of the stream segment. The decision is based on habitat scores and a series of narrative biological statements used to evaluate the benthic macroinvertebrate community. If the stream is determined to be impaired, the source and cause of the impairment is documented. An impaired stream must be listed on the state’s Section 303(d) list with the source and cause. A TMDL must be developed for the stream segment and each pollutant. In order for the process to be more effective, adjoining stream segments with the same source and cause listing are addressed collectively, and on a watershed basis.
2 Section 305(b) of the Clean Water Act requires a biannual description of the water quality of the waters of the state.
8 Basic Steps for Determining a TMDL
Although all watersheds must be handled on a case-by-case basis when developing TMDLs, there are basic processes or steps that apply to all cases. They include:
1. Collection and summarization of pre-existing data (watershed characterization, inventory contaminant sources, determination of pollutant loads, etc.); 2. Calculating the TMDL for the waterbody using EPA approved methods and computer models; 3. Allocating pollutant loads to various sources; 4. Determining critical and seasonal conditions; 5. Public review and comment and comment period on draft TMDL; 6. Submittal of final TMDL; and 7. EPA approval of the TMDL.
AMD Methodology
A two-step approach is used for the TMDL analysis of AMD impaired stream segments. The first step uses a statistical method for determining the allowable instream concentration at the point of interest necessary to meet water quality standards. This is done at each point of interest (sample point) in the watershed. The second step is a mass balance of the loads as they pass through the watershed. Loads at these points will be computed based on average annual flow.
The statistical analysis described below can be applied to situations where all of the pollutant loading is from non-point sources as well as those where there are both point and non-point sources. The following defines what are considered point sources and non-point sources for the purposes of our evaluation; point sources are defined as permitted discharges or a discharge that has a responsible party, non-point sources are then any pollution sources that are not point sources. For situations where all of the impact is due to non-point sources, the equations shown below are applied using data for a point in the stream. The load allocation made at that point will be for all of the watershed area that is above that point. For situations where there are point- source impacts alone, or in combination with non-point sources, the evaluation will use the point-source data and perform a mass balance with the receiving water to determine the impact of the point source.
Allowable loads are determined for each point of interest using Monte Carlo simulation. Monte Carlo simulation is an analytical method meant to imitate real-life systems, especially when other analyses are too mathematically complex or too difficult to reproduce. Monte Carlo simulation calculates multiple scenarios of a model by repeatedly sampling values from the probability distribution of the uncertain variables and using those values to populate a larger data set. Allocations were applied uniformly for the watershed area specified for each allocation point. For each source and pollutant, it was assumed that the observed data were log-normally distributed. Each pollutant source was evaluated separately using @Risk3 by performing 5,000
3 @Risk – Risk Analysis and Simulation Add-in for Microsoft Excel, Palisade Corporation, Newfield, NY, 1990- 1997.
9 iterations to determine the required percent reduction so that the water quality criteria, as defined in the Pennsylvania Code. Title 25 Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental Protection, Chapter 93, Water Quality Standards, will be met instream at least 99 percent of the time. For each iteration, the required percent reduction is:
PR = maximum {0, (1-Cc/Cd)} where (1)
PR = required percent reduction for the current iteration
Cc = criterion in mg/l
Cd = randomly generated pollutant source concentration in mg/l based on the observed data
Cd = RiskLognorm(Mean, Standard Deviation) where (1a)
Mean = average observed concentration
Standard Deviation = standard deviation of observed data
The overall percent reduction required is the 99th percentile value of the probability distribution generated by the 5,000 iterations, so that the allowable long-term average (LTA) concentration is:
LTA = Mean * (1 – PR99) where (2)
LTA = allowable LTA source concentration in mg/l
Once the allowable concentration and load for each pollutant is determined, mass-balance accounting is performed starting at the top of the watershed and working down in sequence. This mass-balance or load tracking is explained below.
Load tracking through the watershed utilizes the change in measured loads from sample location to sample location, as well as the allowable load that was determined at each point using the @Risk program.
There are two basic rules that are applied in load tracking; rule one is that if the sum of the measured loads that directly affect the downstream sample point is less than the measured load at the downstream sample point it is indicative that there is an increase in load between the points being evaluated, and this amount (the difference between the sum of the upstream and downstream loads) shall be added to the allowable load(s) coming from the upstream points to give a total load that is coming into the downstream point from all sources. The second rule is that if the sum of the measured loads from the upstream points is greater than the measured load at the downstream point this is indicative that there is a loss of instream load between the evaluation points, and the ratio of the decrease shall be applied to the load that is being tracked (allowable load(s)) from the upstream point.
10
Tracking loads through the watershed gives the best picture of how the pollutants are affecting the watershed based on the information that is available. The analysis is done to insure that water quality standards will be met at all points in the stream. The TMDL must be designed to meet standards at all points in the stream, and in completing the analysis, reductions that must be made to upstream points are considered to be accomplished when evaluating points that are lower in the watershed. Another key point is that the loads are being computed based on average annual flow and should not be taken out of the context for which they are intended, which is to depict how the pollutants affect the watershed and where the sources and sinks are located spatially in the watershed.
For pH TMDLs, acidity is compared to alkalinity as described in Attachment B. Each sample point used in the analysis of pH by this method must have measurements for total alkalinity and hot acidity. Statistical procedures are applied, using the average value for total alkalinity at that point as the target to specify a reduction in the acid concentration. By maintaining a net alkaline stream, the pH value will be in the range between six and eight. This method negates the need to specifically compute the pH value, which for streams affected by low pH from AMD may not be a true reflection of acidity. This method assures that Pennsylvania’s standard for pH is met when the acid concentration reduction is met.
Information for the TMDL analysis performed using the methodology described above is contained in the “TMDLs by Segment” section of this report.
TMDL Endpoints
One of the major components of a TMDL is the establishment of an instream numeric endpoint, which is used to evaluate the attainment of applicable water quality. An instream numeric endpoint, therefore, represents the water quality goal that is to be achieved by implementing the load reductions specified in the TMDL. The endpoint allows for a comparison between observed instream conditions and conditions that are expected to restore designated uses. The endpoint is based on either the narrative or numeric criteria available in water quality standards.
Because many of the pollution sources in the watershed are nonpoint sources, the TMDLs' component makeup will be load allocations (LAs) with waste load allocations (WLAs) for permitted discharges. All allocations will be specified as long-term average daily concentrations. These long-term average concentrations are expected to meet water-quality criteria 99% of the time as required in PA Title 25 Chapter 96.3(c). The following table shows the applicable water- quality criteria for the selected parameters.
11 Table 2. Applicable Water Quality Criteria Criterion Value Total Parameter (mg/l) Recoverable/Dissolved Aluminum (Al) 0.75 Total Recoverable Iron (Fe) 1.50 30 day average; Total Recoverable Manganese (Mn) 1.00 Total Recoverable pH * 6.0-9.0 N/A *The pH values shown will be used when applicable. In the case of freestone streams with little or no buffering capacity, the TMDL endpoint for pH will be the natural background water quality.
TMDL Elements (WLA, LA, MOS)
TMDL = WLA + LA + MOS
A TMDL equation consists of a waste load allocation (WLA), load allocation (LA), and a margin of safety (MOS). The waste load allocation is the portion of the load assigned to point sources. The load allocation is the portion of the load assigned to non-point sources. The margin of safety is applied to account for uncertainties in the computational process. The margin of safety may be expressed implicitly (documenting conservative processes in the computations) or explicitly (setting aside a portion of the allowable load). The TMDL allocations in this report are based on available data. Other allocation schemes could also meet the TMDL.
Allocation Summary
These TMDLs will focus remediation efforts on the identified numerical reduction targets for each watershed. The reduction schemes in Table 3 for each segment are based on the assumption that all upstream allocations are implemented and take into account all upstream reductions. Attachment D contains the TMDLs by segment analysis for each allocation point in a detailed discussion. As changes occur in the watershed, the TMDLs may be re-evaluated to reflect current conditions. An implicit MOS based on conservative assumptions in the analysis is included in the TMDL calculations.
The allowable LTA concentration in each segment is calculated using Monte Carlo Simulation as described previously. The allowable load is then determined by multiplying the allowable concentration by the average flow and a conversion factor at each sample point. The allowable load is the TMDL at that point.
Waste load allocations have also been included at some points for future mining operations. The difference between the TMDL and the WLA at each point is the load allocation (LA) at the point. The LA at each point includes all loads entering the segment, including those from upstream allocation points. The percent reduction is calculated to show the amount of load that needs to be reduced from nonpoint sources within a segment in order for water quality standards to be met at the point.
In some instances, instream processes, such as settling, are taking place within a stream segment. These processes are evidenced by a decrease in measured loading between consecutive sample points. It is appropriate to account for these losses when tracking upstream loading through a
12 segment. The calculated upstream load lost within a segment is proportional to the difference in the measured loading between the sampling points.
Table 3. Casselman River Watershed Summary Table
TMDL Existing Allowable NPS Load Load Load Reduction Parameter (lbs/day) (lbs/day) WLA (lbs/day) LA (lbs/day) (lbs/day) NPS % Reduction SP1 – Casselman River downstream of PA/MD border Aluminum (lbs/day) 167.10 167.10 3.03 (1.90+1.13) 164.07 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 100.26 100.26 10.15 (5.65+4.50) 90.11 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 47.19 47.19 6.75 (3.75+3.00) 40.44 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -4652.03 -4652.03 - -4652.03 NA NA SP2 – Unnamed tributary to Casselman River at West Salisbury Road (T326) Aluminum (lbs/day) 4.79 0.10 0.84 0.10 4.69 98% Iron (lbs/day) 5.28 0.26 1.68 0.26 5.02 95% Manganese(lbs/day) 2.54 0.15 1.14 0.15 2.39 94% Acidity (lbs/day) 59.20 0.00 - 0.00 59.20 100% SP3 – Coal Run at Doneytown Road (T351) bridge Aluminum (lbs/day) 200.56 6.61 1.18 5.43 213.94 97% Iron (lbs/day) 154.77 13.92 4.74 9.18 140.84 91% Manganese(lbs/day) 227.20 9.09 3.15 5.94 218.11 96% Acidity (lbs/day) 2551.78 0.00 - 0.00 2551.78 100% SP4 – Unnamed tributary to Casselman River at Hunsrick Summit (Route 219 @ Miller Road) Aluminum (lbs/day) 1.51 1.51 - 1.51 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 4.12 2.72 - 2.72 1.40 34% Manganese(lbs/day) 2.38 2.83 - 2.83 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) 159.32 159.32 - 159.32 NA NA SP5 – Unnamed tributary to Casselman River at Vim Road above Meyersdale High School Aluminum (lbs/day) 1.59 0.30 - 0.30 1.29 81% Iron (lbs/day) 0.47 0.47 - 0.47 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 1.89 0.59 - 0.59 1.30 69% Acidity (lbs/day) 1.92 1.92 - 1.92 NA NA SP6 – Casselman River at Shaw Mines Road crossing (Jeffries Landing) Aluminum (lbs/day) 447.31 393.63 5.45 (3.19+2.26) 388.18 0* 0%* Iron (lbs/day) 631.54 631.54 19.15 (10.15+9.00) 612.39 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 511.28 511.28 11.25 (5.25+6.00) 500.03 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) 10017.30 10017.30 - 10017.30 NA NA SP7 – Unnamed tributary to Casselman River at Hunsrick Summit (Route 219 at Miller Road) Aluminum (lbs/day) 220.34 8.81 - 8.81 211.53 96% Iron (lbs/day) 1183.18 11.83 - 11.83 1171.35 99% Manganese(lbs/day) 294.58 11.78 - 11.78 282.80 96% Acidity (lbs/day) 3785.48 75.71 - 75.71 3709.77 98% SP8 – Flaughtery Creek at concrete weirs Aluminum (lbs/day) 13.45 13.45 0.28 13.17 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 10.73 10.73 1.13 9.60 NA NA
13 TMDL Existing Allowable NPS Load Load Load Reduction Parameter (lbs/day) (lbs/day) WLA (lbs/day) LA (lbs/day) (lbs/day) NPS % Reduction Manganese(lbs/day) 3.38 3.38 0.75 2.63 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -712.53 -712.53 - 712.53 NA NA SP9 – Casselman River at Meyersdale downstream of Flaughtery Creek at Mount Davis Road Aluminum (lbs/day) 656.08 360.85 2.26 358.59 38.40* 10%* Iron (lbs/day) 2455.03 711.96 9.00 702.96 571.72* 45%* Manganese(lbs/day) 911.42 475.88 6.00 469.88 232.74* 33%* Acidity (lbs/day) 4879.72 4879.72 NA NA NA NA SP10 – Unnamed tributary to Casselman River at Saylor Hill Road (T371) Aluminum (lbs/day) 1.24 0.09 0.28 0.09 1.15 93% Iron (lbs/day) 0.31 0.74 NA NA NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 2.04 0.24 0.38 0.24 1.80 88% Acidity (lbs/day) 18.18 2.73 - 2.73 15.45 85% SP11 – Casselman River at Heckle Road bridge between Blue Lick Run and Buffalo Creek Aluminum (lbs/day) 703.66 485.53 15.07 (12.81+2.26) 470.46 0* 0%* Iron (lbs/day) 1924.51 846.78 40.80 (31.80+9.00) 805.98 0* 0%* Manganese(lbs/day) 1356.14 637.39 26.96 (20.96+6.00) 610.43 284.41* 31%* Acidity (lbs/day) 13887.09 13887.09 - 13887.09 NA NA SP12 – Unnamed tributary to Casselman River at Ark Railroad bridge at gate Aluminum (lbs/day) 2.14 0.73 - 0.73 1.41 66% Iron (lbs/day) 0.55 1.92 NA NA NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 1.35 1.01 - 1.01 0.34 25% Acidity (lbs/day) -5.44 -5.44 NA NA NA NA SP13 – Casselman River in Garrett at steel grate bridge at Johnson Road and Waterworks Road Aluminum (lbs/day) 986.12 493.06 4.61 (2.35+2.26) 488.45 188.81* 28%* Iron (lbs/day) 1912.71 745.96 17.81 (8.87+9.00) 728.38 174.07* 19%* Manganese(lbs/day) 1188.33 784.30 11.92 (5.92+6.00) 772.38 0* 0%* Acidity (lbs/day) -12517.96 -12517.96 - -12517.96 NA NA SP14 – Casselman River downstream of Lick Run on hiking trail Aluminum (lbs/day) 840.17 672.14 12.60 (9.80+2.26) 660.08 0* 0%* Iron (lbs/day) 1145.53 1088.25 43.13 (34.13+9.00) 1045.12 0* 0%* Manganese(lbs/day) 921.03 672.35 24.01 (18.01+6.00) 648.34 0* 0%* Acidity (lbs/day) -10569.91 -10569.97 - -10569.97 NA NA SP15 – Weimer Run at mouth upstream of Rockwood along railroad access Aluminum (lbs/day) 126.27 5.05 2.46 2.59 121.22 96% Iron (lbs/day) 17.40 11.83 4.23 7.60 5.57 32% Manganese(lbs/day) 74.65 6.72 2.82 3.90 67.93 91% Acidity (lbs/day) 1389.14 13.89 - 13.89 1375.25 99% SP16 – Casselman River in Rockwood at Roberts Landing Aluminum (lbs/day) 749.25 749.25 9.37 (7.11+2.26) 739.88 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 1050.75 1050.75 33.39 (24.39+9.00) 1017.36 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 785.21 785.21 22.97 (16.97+6.00) 762.24 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -15464.51 -15464.51 - -15464.51 NA NA
14 TMDL Existing Allowable NPS Load Load Load Reduction Parameter (lbs/day) (lbs/day) WLA (lbs/day) LA (lbs/day) (lbs/day) NPS % Reduction SP17 – Casselman River downstream of Fort Hill at steel bridge on SR3011 Aluminum (lbs/day) 919.04 919.04 38.19 (35.93+2.26) 880.85 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 938.89 938.89 71.07 (62.07+9.00) 867.82 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 727.15 727.15 54.16 (48.16+6.00) 672.99 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -52054.61 -52054.61 - -52054.61 NA NA SP18 – Casselman River at Harnedsville bridge on TR523 Aluminum (lbs/day) 938.73 938.73 2.92 (0.66+2.26) 935.76 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 1093.12 1093.12 11.07 (2.07+9.00) 1082.05 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 761.80 761.80 7.50 (1.50+6.00) 754.30 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -46589.29 -46589.29 - -46589.29 NA NA SP19 – Casselman River in Confluence at wooden bridge by Ford garage near mouth Aluminum (lbs/day) 1087.49 1087.49 2.26 1085.23 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 1782.61 1782.61 9.00 1773.61 0* 0%* Manganese(lbs/day) 798.65 798.65 6.00 792.65 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -57245.45 -57245.45 - -57245.45 NA NA SP20 – Laurel Hill Creek in Confluence at Draketown Road bridge at mouth Aluminum (lbs/day) 338.24 338.24 15.64 322.60 NA NA Iron (lbs/day) 371.79 371.79 31.28 340.51 NA NA Manganese(lbs/day) 47.08 47.08 41.70 5.38 NA NA Acidity (lbs/day) -7414.23 -7414.23 - -7414.23 NA NA NA = not applicable ND = not detected • Takes into account load reductions from upstream sources. Wasteload allocations in italics are reserved for future operations. Wasteload allocations that are underlined are allowed in the TMDL although they are larger than the total allowable load. These discharges are all additions to the stream with effluent limits for iron, manganese, and aluminum equal to instream water quality criteria values. Therefore, they are considered as additions of assimilative capacity only and are considered zero values in the mass balance of the TMDL equation.
Recommendations
Statewide Reclamation Efforts
Since the 1960s, Pennsylvania has been a national leader in establishing laws and regulations to ensure mine reclamation and well plugging occur after active operation is completed. Mine reclamation and well plugging refer to the process of cleaning up environmental pollutants and safety hazards associated with a site and returning the land to a productive condition, similar to PADEP’s Brownfields Program. Pennsylvania is striving for complete reclamation of its abandoned mines and plugging of its orphan wells. These concepts include legislative, policy, and land management initiatives designed to enhance mine operator/volunteer/PADEP reclamation efforts.
Various methods to eliminate or treat pollutant sources provide a reasonable assurance that the proposed TMDLs can be met. These methods include PADEP’s primary efforts to improve water quality through reclamation of abandoned mine lands (for abandoned mining) and through the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program (for active mining). Funding sources that are currently being used for projects designed to achieve TMDL
15 reductions include the USEPA 319 grant program and Pennsylvania’s Growing Greener Program. Federal funding is through the Department of the Interior’s Office of Surface Mining (OSM) for reclamation and mine drainage treatment through the Appalachian Clean Streams Initiative and through Watershed Cooperative Agreements.
The PADEP Bureau of District Mining Operations (DMO) administers an environmental regulatory program for all mining activities, including mine subsidence regulation, mine subsidence insurance, and coal refuse disposal. PADEP DMO also conducts a program to ensure safe underground bituminous mining and protect certain structures from subsidence; administers a mining license and permit program; administers a regulatory program for the use, storage, and handling of explosives; and provides for training, examination, and certification of applicants’ blaster’s licenses. In addition, PADEP Bureau of Mining & Reclamation administers a loan program for bonding anthracite underground mines and for mine subsidence, the Small Operator’s Assistance Program (SOAP), and the Remining Operator’s Assistance Program (ROAP).
Regulatory programs are assisting in the reclamation and restoration of Pennsylvania’s land and water. PADEP has been effective in implementing the NPDES program for mining operations throughout the Commonwealth. This reclamation was done through the use of remining permits that have the potential for reclaiming abandoned mine lands, at no cost to the Commonwealth or the federal government. Long-term agreements were initialized for facilities/operators that need to assure treatment of post-mining discharges or discharges they degraded. These agreements will provide for long-term treatment of discharges. According to OSM, “PADEP is conducting a program where active mining sites are, with very few exceptions, in compliance with the approved regulatory program.” Acidity loads from abandoned discharges have been observed to decrease by an average of 61 percent when remined (Smith, Brady, and Hawkins, 2002. “Effectiveness of Pennsylvania’s remining program in abating abandoned mine drainage: water quality impacts” in Transactions of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Volume 312, p. 166-170).
PADEP BAMR, which administers the program to address the Commonwealth’s abandoned mine reclamation program, has established a comprehensive plan for abandoned mine reclamation throughout the Commonwealth to prioritize and guide reclamation efforts for throughout the state to make the best use of valuable funds (www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/minres/bamr/complan1.htm). In developing and implementing a comprehensive plan for abandoned mine reclamation, the resources (both human and financial) of the participants must be coordinated to insure cost-effective results. The following set of principles is intended to guide this decision making process:
• Partnerships between the PADEP, watershed associations, local governments, environmental groups, other state agencies, federal agencies, and other groups organized to reclaim abandoned mine lands are essential to achieving reclamation and abating acid mine drainage in an efficient and effective manner.
• Partnerships between AML interests and active mine operators are important and essential in reclaiming abandoned mine lands.
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• Preferential consideration for the development of AML reclamation or AMD abatement projects will be given to watersheds or areas for which there is an approved rehabilitation plan (guidance is given in Attachment G).
• Preferential consideration for the use of designated reclamation moneys will be given to projects that have obtained other sources or means to partially fund the project or to projects that need the funds to match other sources of funds.
• Preferential consideration for the use of available moneys from federal and other sources will be given to projects where there are institutional arrangements for any necessary long- term operation and maintenance costs.
• Preferential consideration for the use of available moneys from federal and other sources will be given to projects that have the greatest worth.
• Preferential consideration for the development of AML projects will be given to AML problems that impact people over those that impact property.
• No plan is an absolute; occasional deviations are to be expected.
A detailed decision framework is included in the plan that outlines the basis for judging projects for funding, giving high priority to those projects whose cost/benefit ratios are most favorable and those in which stakeholder and landowner involvement is high and secure.
The Commonwealth is exploring all identified options to address its abandoned mine problem. During 2000-2006, many new approaches to mine reclamation and mine drainage remediation have been explored and projects funded to address problems in innovative ways. These include:
• Awards of grants for: (1) proposals with economic development or industrial application as their primary goal and which rely on recycled mine water and/or a site that has been made suitable for the location of a facility through the elimination of existing Priority 1 or 2 hazards; and (2) new and innovative mine drainage treatment technologies that provide waters of higher purity that may be needed by a particular industry at costs below conventional treatment costs as in common use today or reduce the costs of water treatment below those of conventional lime treatment plants. Eight contracts totaling $4.075 M were awarded in 2006 under this program.
• Projects using water from mine pools in an innovative fashion, such as the Shannopin Deep Mine Pool (in southwestern Pennsylvania), the Barnes & Tucker Deep Mine Pool (the Susquehanna River Basin into the Upper West Branch Susquehanna River), and the Wadesville Deep Mine Pool (Exelon Generation in Schuylkill County).
Casselman River Reclamation Efforts
17 Despite the extensive mining within the watershed, the overall quality of the downstream sample of the Casselman River in Confluence is good. The pH levels are approximately 7.5, with iron of <.3 mg/l, manganese of .3 mg/l, aluminum of <.5 mg/l. The sulfate levels are slightly elevated at 99 mg/l; however, they are still below water quality standards. The Coal Run tributary to the Casselman River is a large polluter of the upstream water quality of the River. Remediation of the discharges has occurred and will continue into the future. The Shaw Mines drainage area also has remediation work on-going through the mining by Action Mining, Inc. Many abandoned 1900’s deep mine discharges exist and will need addressed.
Candidate or federally-listed threatened and endangered species may occur in or near the watershed. While implementation of the TMDL should result in improvements to water quality, they could inadvertently destroy habitat for candidate or federally-listed species. TMDL implementation projects should be screened through the Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory (PNDI) early in their planning process, in accordance with the Department's policy titled Policy for Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory (PNDI) Coordination During Permit Review and Evaluation (Document ID# 400-0200-001).
Public Participation
Public notice of the draft TMDL was published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin on February 7, 2009 to foster public comment on the allowable loads calculated. The public comment period on this TMDL was open from February 7, 2009 to March 11, 2009. A public meeting was held on February 24, 2009 at the Meyersdale Borough Building to discuss the proposed TMDL.
Future TMDL Modifications
In the future, the Department may adjust the load and/or wasteload allocations in this TMDL to account for new information or circumstances that are developed or discovered during the implementation of the TMDL when a review of the new information or circumstances indicate that such adjustments are appropriate. Adjustment between the load and wasteload allocation will only be made following an opportunity for public participation. A wasteload allocation adjustment will be made consistent and simultaneous with associated permit(s) revision(s)/reissuances (i.e., permits for revision/reissuance in association with a TMDL revision will be made available for public comment concurrent with the related TMDLs availability for public comment). New information generated during TMDL implementation may include, among other things, monitoring data, BMP effectiveness information, and land use information. All changes in the TMDL will be tallied and once the total changes exceed 1% of the total original TMDL allowable load, the TMDL will be revised. The adjusted TMDL, including its LAs and WLAs, will be set at a level necessary to implement the applicable WQS and any adjustment increasing a WLA will be supported by reasonable assurance demonstration that load allocations will be met. The Department will notify EPA of any adjustments to the TMDL within 30 days of its adoption and will maintain current tracking mechanisms that contain accurate loading information for TMDL waters.
Changes in TMDLs That May Require EPA Approval
18 • Increase in total load capacity. • Transfer of load between point (WLA) and nonpoint (LA) sources. • Modification of the margin of safety (MOS). • Change in water quality standards (WQS). • Non-attainment of WQS with implementation of the TMDL. • Allocations in trading programs.
Changes in TMDLs That May Not Require EPA Approval
• Total loading shift less than or equal to 1% of the total load. • Increase of WLA results in greater LA reductions provided reasonable assurance of implementation is demonstrated (a compliance/implementation plan and schedule). • Changes among WLAs with no other changes; TMDL public notice concurrent with permit public notice. • Removal of a pollutant source that will not be reallocated. • Reallocation between LAs. • Changes in land use.
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Attachment A Casselman River Watershed Maps
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Attachment B Method for Addressing Section 303(d) Listings for pH
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Method for Addressing Section 303(d) Listings for pH
There has been a great deal of research conducted on the relationship between alkalinity, acidity, and pH. Research published by the Pa. Department of Environmental Protection demonstrates that by plotting net alkalinity (alkalinity-acidity) vs. pH for 794 mine sample points, the resulting pH value from a sample possessing a net alkalinity of zero is approximately equal to six (Figure 1). Where net alkalinity is positive (greater than or equal to zero), the pH range is most commonly six to eight, which is within the USEPA’s acceptable range of six to nine and meets Pennsylvania water quality criteria in Chapter 93.
The pH, a measurement of hydrogen ion acidity presented as a negative logarithm, is not conducive to standard statistics. Additionally, pH does not measure latent acidity. For this reason, and based on the above information, Pennsylvania is using the following approach to address the stream impairments noted on the 303(d) list due to pH. The concentration of acidity in a stream is at least partially chemically dependent upon metals. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to predict the exact pH values, which would result from treatment of abandoned mine drainage. When acidity in a stream is neutralized or is restored to natural levels, pH will be acceptable. Therefore, the measured instream alkalinity at the point of evaluation in the stream will serve as the goal for reducing total acidity at that point. The methodology that is applied for alkalinity (and therefore pH) is the same as that used for other parameters such as iron, aluminum, and manganese that have numeric water quality criteria.
Each sample point used in the analysis of pH by this method must have measurements for total alkalinity and total acidity. The same statistical procedures that have been described for use in the evaluation of the metals is applied, using the average value for total alkalinity at that point as the target to specify a reduction in the acid concentration. By maintaining a net alkaline stream, the pH value will be in the range between six and eight. This method negates the need to specifically compute the pH value, which for mine waters is not a true reflection of acidity. This method assures that Pennsylvania’s standard for pH is met when the acid concentration reduction is met.
Reference: Rose, Arthur W. and Charles A. Cravotta, III 1998. Geochemistry of Coal Mine Drainage. Chapter 1 in Coal Mine Drainage Prediction and Pollution Prevention in Pennsylvania. Pa. Dept. of Environmental Protection, Harrisburg, Pa.
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Figure 1. Net Alkalinity vs. pH. Taken from Figure 1.2 Graph C, pages 1-5, of Coal Mine Drainage Prediction and Pollution Prevention in Pennsylvania
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Attachment C Method for Calculating Loads from Mine Drainage Treatment Facilities from Surface Mines
31 Method to Quantify Treatment Pond Pollutant Load
Calculating Waste Load Allocations for Active Mining in the TMDL Stream Segment.
The end product of the TMDL report is to develop Waste Load Allocations (WLA) and Load Allocations (LA) that represent the amount of pollution the stream can assimilate while still achieving in-stream limits. The LA is the load from abandoned mine lands where there is no NPDES permit or responsible party. The WLA is the pollution load from active mining that is permitted through NPDES.
In preparing the TMDL, calculations are done to determine the allowable load. The actual load measured in the stream is equal to the allowable load plus the reduced load.
Total Measured Load = Allowed Load + Reduced Load
If there is active mining or anticipated mining in the near future in the watershed, the allowed load must include both a WLA and a LA component.
Allowed Load (lbs/day) = WLA (lbs/day) + LA (lbs/day)
The following is an explanation of the quantification of the potential pollution load reporting to the stream from permitted pit water treatment ponds that discharge water at established effluent limits.
Surface coalmines remove soil and overburden materials to expose the underground coal seams for removal. After removal of the coal the overburden is replaced as mine spoil and the soil is replaced for revegetation. In a typical surface mining operation the overburden materials is removed and placed in the previous cut where the coal has been removed. In this fashion, an active mining operation has a pit that progresses through the mining site during the life of the mine. The pit may have water reporting to it, as it is a low spot in the local area. Pit water can be the result of limited shallow groundwater seepage, direct precipitation into the pit, and surface runoff from partially regarded areas that have been backfilled but not yet revegetated. Pit water is pumped to nearby treatment ponds where it is treated to the required treatment pond effluent limits. The standard effluent limits are as follows, although stricter effluent limits may be applied to a mining permit’s effluent limits to insure that the discharge of treated water does not cause in-stream limits to be exceeded.
Standard Treatment Pond Effluent Limits: Alkalinity > Acidity 6.0 <= pH <= 9.0 Fe < 3.0 mg/l Mn < 2.0 mg/l
Discharge from treatment ponds on a mine site is intermittent and often varies as a result of precipitation events. Measured flow rates are almost never available. If accurate flow data are available, they can be used to quantify the WLA. The following is an approach that can be used
32 to determine a waste load allocation for an active mining operation when treatment pond flow rates are not available. The methodology involves quantifying the hydrology of the portion of a surface mine site that contributes flow to the pit and then calculating waste load allocation using NPDES treatment pond effluent limits.
The total water volume reporting to ponds for treatment can come from two primary sources: direct precipitation to the pit and runoff from the unregraded area following the pit’s progression through the site. Groundwater seepage reporting to the pit is considered negligible compared to the flow rates resulting from precipitation.
In an active mining scenario, a mine operator pumps pit water to the ponds for chemical treatment. Pit water is often acidic with dissolved metals in nature. At the treatment ponds, alkaline chemicals are added to increase the pH and encourage dissolved metals to precipitate and settle. Pennsylvania averages 41.4 inches of precipitation per year (Mid-Atlantic River Forecast Center, National Weather Service, State College, PA, 1961-1990, http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/subject/hotopics/drought/PrecipNorm.htm). A maximum pit dimension without special permit approval is 1500 feet long by 300 feet wide. Assuming that 5 percent of the precipitation evaporates and the remaining 95 percent flows to the low spot in the active pit to be pumped to the treatment ponds, results in the following equation and average flow rates for the pit area.
41.4 in. precip./yr x 0.95 x 1 ft./12/in. x 1500’x300’/pit x 7.48 gal/ft3 x 1yr/365days x 1day/24hr. x 1hr./60 min. =
= 21.0 gal/min average discharge from direct precipitation into the open mining pit area.
Pit water can also result from runoff from the unregraded and revegetated area following the pit. In the case of roughly backfilled and highly porous spoil, there is very little surface runoff. It is estimated that 80 percent of precipitation on the roughly regarded mine spoil infiltrates, 5 percent evaporates, and 15 percent may run off to the pit for pumping and potential treatment (Jay Hawkins, Office of Surface Mining, Department of the Interior, Personal Communications 2003). Regrading and revegetation of the mine spoil is conducted as the mining progresses. DEP encourages concurrent backfilling and revegetation through its compliance efforts and it is in the interest of the mining operator to minimize the company’s reclamation bond liability by keeping the site reclaimed and revegetated. Experience has shown that reclamation and revegetation is accomplished two to three pit widths behind the active mining pit area. DEP uses three pit widths as an area representing potential flow to the pit when reviewing the NPDES permit application and calculating effluent limits based on best available treatment technology and insuring that in-stream limits are met. The same approach is used in the following equation, which represents the average flow reporting to the pit from the unregraded and unrevegetated spoil area.
41.4 in. precip./yr x 3 pit areas x 1 ft./12/in. x 1500’x300’/pit x 7.48 gal/ft3 x 1yr/365days x 1day/24hr. x 1hr./60 min. x 15 in. runoff/100 in. precipitation =
= 9.9 gal./min. average discharge from spoil runoff into the pit area.
33 The total average flow to the pit is represented by the sum of the direct pit precipitation and the water flowing to the pit from the spoil area as follows:
Total Average Flow = Direct Pit Precipitation + Spoil Runoff
Total Average Flow = 21.0 gal./min + 9.9 gal./min. = 30.9 gal./min.
The resulting average waste load from a permitted treatment pond area is as follows.
Allowable Iron Waste Load Allocation: 30.9 gal./min. x 3 mg/l x 0.01202 = 1.1 lbs./day
Allowable Manganese Waste Load Allocation: 30.9 gal./min. x 2 mg/l x 0.01202 = 0.7 lbs./day
Allowable Aluminum Waste Load Allocation: 30.9 gal./min. x 0.75 mg/l x 0.01202 = 0.3 lbs./day
(Note: 0.01202 is a conversion factor to convert from a flow rate in gal/min. and a concentration in mg/l to a load in units of lbs./day.)
There is little or no documentation available to quantify the actual amount of water that is typically pumped from active pits to treatment ponds. Experience and observations suggest that the above approach is very conservative and overestimates the quantity of water, creating a large margin of safety in the methodology. County specific precipitation rates can be used in place of the long-term state average rate, although the margin of safety is greater than differences from individual counties. It is common for many mining sites to have very “dry” pits that rarely accumulate water that would require pumping and treatment.
Also, it is the goal of DEP’s permit review process to not issue mining permits that would cause negative impacts to the environment. As a step to insure that a mine site does not produce acid mine drainage, it is common to require the addition of alkaline materials (waste lime, baghouse lime, limestone, etc.) to the backfill spoil materials to neutralize any acid-forming materials that may be present. This practice of ‘alkaline addition’ or the incorporation of naturally occurring alkaline spoil materials (limestone, alkaline shale or other rocks) may produce alkaline pit water with very low metals concentrations that does not require treatment. A comprehensive study in 1999 evaluated mining permits issued since 1987 and found that only 2.2 percent resulted in a post-mining pollution discharge (Evaluation of Mining Permits Resulting in Acid Mine Drainage 1987-1996: A Post Mortem Study, March 1999). As a result of efforts to insure that acid mine drainage is prevented, most mining operations have alkaline pit water that often meets effluent limits and requires little or no treatment.
While most mining operations are permitted and allowed to have a standard, 1500’ x 300’ pit, most are well below that size and have a corresponding decreased flow and load. Where pit dimensions are greater than the standard size or multiple pits are present, the calculations to define the potential pollution load can be adjusted accordingly. Hence, the above calculated
34 Waste Load Allocation is very generous and likely high compared to actual conditions that are generally encountered. A large margin of safety is included in the WLA calculations.
The allowable load for the stream segment is determined by modeling of flow and water quality data. The allowable load has a potential Waste Load Allocation (WLA) component if there is active mining or anticipated future mining and a Load Allocation (LA). So, the sum of the Load Allocation and the Waste Load Allocation is equal to the allowed load. The WLA is determined by the above calculations and the LA is determined by the difference between the allowed load and the WLA.
Allowed Load = Waste Load Allocation + Load Allocation Or Load Allocation = Allowed Load – Waste Load Allocation
This is an explanation of the quantification of the potential pollution load reporting to the stream from permitted pit water treatment ponds that discharge water at established effluent limits. This allows for including active mining activities and their associated Waste Load in the TMDL calculations to more accurately represent the watershed pollution sources and the reductions necessary to achieve in-stream limits. When a mining operation is concluded its WLA is available for a different operation. Where there are indications that future mining in a watershed may be greater than the current level of mining activity, an additional WLA amount may be included in the allowed load to allow for future mining.
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Attachment D TMDLs By Segment
36 Casselman River
The TMDL for Casselman River consists of load allocations to ten sampling sites on the Casselman River (SP1, 6, 9, 11, 13-14, 16-19), one site in the Coal Run Watershed (SP3), one site in the Flaughtery Creek Watershed (SP8), one site in the Weimer Run Watershed (SP15), one site in the Laurel Hill Creek Watershed (SP20), and six sites in unnamed tributaries to the Cassleman River (SP2, 4-5, 7, 10, 12). Sample data sets were collected in 2008. All sample points are shown on the maps included in Attachment A as well as on the loading schematic presented on the following page.
Casselman River is listed on the 1996 PA Section 303(d) list for metals from AMD as being the cause of the degradation to this stream. Although this TMDL will focus primarily on metal loading to the Casselman River, acid loading analysis will be performed. The objective is to reduce acid loading to the stream, which will in turn raise the pH to the desired range (between 6 & 9) 99% of the time. The result of this analysis is an acid loading reduction that equates to meeting standards for pH (see TMDL Endpoint section in the report, Table 2). The method and rationale for addressing pH is contained in Attachment B.
An allowable long-term average in-stream concentration was determined at each sample point for metals and acidity. The analysis is designed to produce an average value that, when met, will be protective of the water-quality criterion for that parameter 99% of the time. An analysis was performed using Monte Carlo simulation to determine the necessary long-term average concentration needed to attain water-quality criteria 99% of the time. The simulation was run assuming the data set was log normally distributed. Using the mean and standard deviation of the data set, 5000 iterations of sampling were completed, and compared against the water-quality criterion for that parameter. For each sampling event a percent reduction was calculated, if necessary, to meet water-quality criteria. A second simulation that multiplied the percent reduction times the sampled value was run to insure that criteria were met 99% of the time. The mean value from this data set represents the long-term average concentration that needs to be met to achieve water-quality standards. Following is an explanation of the TMDL for each allocation point.
37 Casselman River Sampling Station Diagram Arrows represent direction of flow Diagram not to scale
SP1
SP2
SP3
SP4
SP5
SP6 SP7
SP8
SP9 SP10
SP11
Buffalo Creek SP12
SP13
SP14 Coxes Creek SP15 Shafer Run SP16 Cucumber Run SP17
SP18 Whites Creek SP20
SP19
38 A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP1 allowing for two operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
Table D1. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.180 1.13 Fe 3.0 0.180 4.50 Mn 2.0 0.180 3.00
Waste Load Allocation – Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. Niverton Strip
Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. (SMP56950110; NPDES PA0213217) Niverton Strip has a discharge from five mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-004, 007 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge in the watershed of this segment of the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D2. Waste load allocations for Niverton Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-004, 007 Al 1.0 0.225 1.90 Fe 3.0 0.225 5.65 Mn 2.0 0.225 3.75
TMDL calculations – SP1 – Casselman River downstream PA/MD border at River Road bridge
The TMDL for sampling point SP1 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP1. The average flow, computed using the US Geological Survey (USGS) program StreamStats at SP1 (80.14 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP1 shows pH ranging between 7.2 and 7.8; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards area being met. Table D3 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP1.
39 Table D3 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 167.10 0.25 167.10 Iron 0.15 100.26 0.15 100.26
Manganese 0.07 47.19 0.07 47.19 Acidity -6.96 -4652.03 -6.96 -4652.03 Alkalinity 31.44 21014.34
Waste Load Allocation – Penn Coal Land, Inc. Weimer Strip – Job 7
Penn Coal Land, Inc. (4072SM2; NPDES PA0248878) Weimer Strip – Job 7 operation has discharges from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 002 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D4. Waste load allocations for Penn Coal Land, Inc. Weimer Strip – Job 7 Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 1.5 0.045 0.56 Mn 1.0 0.045 0.38
Waste Load Allocation – Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. Wagner #2 Strip
Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. (SMP56990102; NPDES PA0235105) Wagner #2 Strip has a discharge from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-003 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge in the watershed of this segment of the Casselman River. Only one treatment facility can discharge at any one time. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D5. Waste load allocations for Ritchie Trucking & Excavating Wagner #2 Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-003 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 1.5 0.045 0.56 Mn 1.0 0.045 0.38
40 Waste Load Allocation – Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. Wagner Strip
Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. (SMP56890111; NPDES PA0598577) Wagner Strip has a discharge from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge in the watershed of this segment of the Casselman River. Only one treatment facility can discharge at any one time. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D6. Waste load allocations for Ritchie Trucking & Excavating, Inc. Wagner Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-002 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 1.5 0.045 0.56 Mn 1.0 0.045 0.38
TMDL calculations – SP2 – Unnamed tributary to Cassleman River at West Salisbury Road (T326)
The TMDL for sampling point SP2 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for the unnamed tributary to the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP2. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP2 (0.03 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP2 shows pH ranging between 3.1 and 3.2; pH will be addressed. Table D7 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP2. Table D8 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP2.
Table D7 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 16.75 4.79 0.34 0.10 Iron 18.45 5.28 0.92 0.26
Manganese 8.87 2.54 0.53 0.15 Acidity 206.96 59.20 0.00 0.00 Alkalinity 0.00 0.00
41 Table D8. Allocations SP2 Acidity SP2 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP2 4.79 5.28 2.54 59.20 Allowable Load @ SP2 0.10 0.26 0.15 0.00 Load Reduction @ SP2 4.69 5.02 2.39 59.20 % Reduction required @ SP2 98% 95% 94% 100%
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Hay Shop
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56010101; NPDES PA0248924) Hay Shop has a discharge from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Ponds 002 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D9. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Hay Shop Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Coal Run
Action Mining, Inc. (NPDES PA0120944) has four post-mining discharges that are treated on the site and discharged from one mine drainage treatment facility. These discharges are from surface mining operations Summit #2 (SMP56663069), Summit #3 (SMP56823066), and Elk Lick #1 (SMP56803015). TF21 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into an unnamed tributary to Coal Run. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D10. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Coal Run Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.1441 0.90 Fe 3.0 0.1441 3.61 Mn 2.0 0.1441 2.40
TMDL calculations – SP3 – Coal Run at Doneytown Road (T351) bridge
The TMDL for sampling point SP3 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for Coal Run was computed using water-
42 quality sample data collected at point SP3. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP3 (1.98 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP3 shows pH ranging between 3.3 and 3.5; pH will be addressed. Table D11 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP3. Table D12 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP3.
Table D11 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 13.35 220.56 0.40 6.62 Iron 9.36 154.77 0.84 13.93
Manganese 13.75 227.20 0.55 9.09 Acidity 154.40 2551.78 0.00 0.00 Alkalinity 0.00 0.00
Table D12. Allocations SP3 Acidity SP3 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP3 220.56 154.77 227.20 2551.78 Allowable Load @ SP3 6.62 13.93 9.09 0.00 Load Reduction @ SP3 213.94 140.84 218.11 2551.78 % Reduction required @ SP3 97% 91% 96% 100%
TMDL calculations – SP4 – Unnamed tributary to the Casselman River in Hunsrick Summit at Route 219 and Miller Road
The TMDL for sampling point SP4 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for the unnamed tributary to the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP4. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP4 (0.72 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP4 shows pH ranging between 6.3 and 7.0; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D13 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP4. Table D14 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP4.
43 Table D13 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 1.51 0.25 1.51 Iron 0.68 4.12 0.45 2.72
Manganese 0.39 2.38 0.39 2.38 Acidity 26.44 159.32 26.44 159.32 Alkalinity 11.76 70.86
Table D14. Allocations SP4 SP4 Fe (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP4 4.12 Allowable Load @ SP4 2.72 Load Reduction @ SP4 1.40 % Reduction required @ SP4 34%
TMDL calculations- SP5 – Unnamed tributary to the Casselman River at Vim Road above Meyersdale High School
The TMDL for sample point SP5 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of SP5 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for the unnamed tributary to the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP5. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP5 (0.18 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP5 shows that this segment has a pH ranging between 6.6 and 7.4; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D15 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP5. Table D16 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP5.
Table D15 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 1.06 1.59 0.20 0.30 Iron 0.32 0.47 0.32 0.47
Manganese 1.26 1.89 0.39 0.59 Acidity 1.28 1.92 1.28 1.92 Alkalinity 19.72 29.53
44 Table D16. Allocations SP5 SP5 Al (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP5 1.59 1.89 Allowable Load @ SP5 0.30 0.59 Load Reduction @ SP5 1.29 1.30 % Reduction required @ SP5 81% 69%
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP6 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
Table D17. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Big Mo Operation
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56920113; NPDES PA0212300) Big Mo Operation has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D18. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Big Mo Operation Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 1.5 0.180 2.25 Fe 3.0 0.180 4.50 Mn 2.0 0.180 3.00
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Stutzman Mine
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56940105; NPDES PA0212890) Stutzman Mine has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-003 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
45 Table D19. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Stutzman Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 & 002 Al 0.75 0.090 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50 003 Al 1.0 0.045 0.38 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Keystone Lime Company, Inc. Rodamer II
Keystone Lime Company, Inc. (SMP56070301; NPDES PA0212521) Rodamer II has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001 & 004 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D20. Waste load allocations for Keystone Lime Company, Inc. Rodamer II Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001, 004 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.26
TMDL calculations – SP6 – Casselman River at crossing of Shaw Mines Road (Jeffries Landing)
The TMDL for sampling point SP6 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between points SP1 and SP6 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP6. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP6 (148.65 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP6 shows pH ranging between 6.9 and 7.3; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards area being met. Table D21 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP6. Table D22 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP6.
46 Table D21 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.36 447.31 0.32 393.63 Iron 0.51 631.54 0.51 631.54
Manganese 0.41 511.28 0.41 511.28 Acidity 8.08 10017.30 8.08 10017.30 Alkalinity 20.60 25539.16
The measured and allowable loading for point SP6 for aluminum was computed using water- quality sample data collected at the point. This was based on the sample data for the point and did not account for any loads already specified from upstream sources. The additional load from points SP1-5 shows the total load that was permitted from upstream sources. This value was added to the difference in existing loads between points SP1-5 and SP6 to determine a total load tracked for the segment of stream between SP6 and SP1-5. This load will be compared to the allowable load to determine if further reductions are needed to meet the calculated TMDL at SP6. Table D22. Allocations SP6 SP6 Al (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP6 447.31 Difference in measured loads between the loads that enter and existing SP6 220.37 Additional load tracked from above samples 7.02 Total load tracked between SP1-5 and SP6 227.39 Allowable Load @ SP6 393.63 Load Reduction @ SP6 0 % Reduction required @ SP6 0%
TMDL calculations – SP7 – Unnamed tributary to the Casselman River at Hunsrick Summit (Route 219 at Miller Road)
The TMDL for sampling point SP7 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the unnamed tributary to Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP7. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP7 (2.19 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP7 shows pH ranging between 3.50 and 4.90; pH will be addressed. Table D23 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP7. Table D24 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP7.
47 Table D23 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 12.06 220.34 0.48 8.81 Iron 64.76 1183.18 0.65 11.83
Manganese 16.12 294.58 0.64 11.78 Acidity 207.20 3785.48 4.14 75.71 Alkalinity 6.60 120.58
Table D24. Allocations SP7 Acidity SP7 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP7 220.34 1183.18 294.58 3785.48 Allowable Load @ SP7 8.81 11.83 11.78 75.71 Load Reduction @ SP7 211.53 1171.35 282.80 3709.77 % Reduction required @ SP7 96% 99% 96% 98%
Waste Load Allocation – Penn Coal Land, Inc. Moser Strip Mine
Penn Coal Land, Inc. (4072SM11; NPDES PA0248886) Moser Strip Mine has discharges from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D25. Waste load allocations for Penn Coal Land, Inc. Moser Strip Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
TMDL calculations – SP8 – Flaughtery Creek at concrete weirs
The TMDL for sampling point SP8 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for Flaughtery Creek was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP8. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP8 (6.45 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP8 shows pH ranging between 7.71 and 8.80; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D26 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP8.
48 Table D26 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 13.45 0.25 13.45 Iron 0.20 10.73 0.20 10.73
Manganese 0.06 3.38 0.06 3.38 Acidity -13.24 -712.53 -13.24 -712.53 Alkalinity 32.32 1739.34
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP9 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
Table D27. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
TMDL calculations – SP9 – Casselman River at Meyersdale at Mount Davis Road
The TMDL for sampling point SP9 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between points SP6 and SP9 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP9. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP9 (178.38 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP9 shows pH ranging between 6.80 and 7.50; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D28 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP9. Table D29 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP9.
49 Table D28 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.44 656.08 0.24 360.85 Iron 1.65 2455.03 0.48 711.96
Manganese 0.67 991.42 0.32 475.88 Acidity 3.28 4879.72 3.28 4879.72 Alkalinity 24.76 36835.90
The measured and allowable loading for point SP9 for aluminum, iron and manganese was computed using water-quality sample data collected at the point. This was based on the sample data for the point and did not account for any loads already specified from upstream sources. The additional load from points SP6-8 shows the total load that was permitted from upstream sources. This value was added to the difference in existing loads between points SP6-8 and SP9 to determine a total load tracked for the segment of stream between SP9 and SP6-8. This load will be compared to the allowable load to determine if further reductions are needed to meet the calculated TMDL at SP9. Table D29. Allocations SP9 Al Fe Mn SP9 (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP9 656.08 2455.03 991.42 Difference in measured loads between the loads that enter and existing SP9 -25.02 629.58 182.18 Additional load tracked from above samples 415.89 654.10 526.44 Total load tracked between SP6-8 and SP9 399.25 1283.68 708.62 Allowable Load @ SP9 360.85 711.96 475.88 Load Reduction @ SP9 38.40 571.72 232.74 % Reduction required @ SP9 10% 45% 33%
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Saylor Hill Operation
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56030106; NPDES PA0249513) Saylor Hill Operation has discharges from four mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-004 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. Only one treatment facility may discharge at any one time. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
50 Table D30. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Saylor Hill Operation Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 1.5 0.045 0.56 Mn 1.0 0.045 0.38
TMDL calculations – SP10 – Unnamed tributary to the Casselman River at Saylor Hill Road (T371)
The TMDL for sampling point SP10 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for the unnamed tributary to the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP10. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP10 (0.08 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP10 shows pH ranging between 4.90 and 6.40; pH will be addressed. Table D31 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP10. Table D32 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP10.
Table D31 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 1.96 1.24 0.14 0.09 Iron 0.49 0.31 0.49 0.31
Manganese 3.22 2.04 0.39 0.24 Acidity 26.68 18.18 4.30 2.73 Alkalinity 11.68 7.40
Table D32. Allocations SP10 SP10 Al (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Acidity (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP10 1.24 2.04 18.18 Allowable Load @ SP10 0.09 0.24 2.73 Load Reduction @ SP10 1.15 1.80 15.45 % Reduction required @ SP10 93% 88% 85%
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP11 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
51 Table D33. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Gnagey Strip
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56803020; NPDES PA0121177) Gnagey Strip has discharges from four mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-004 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D34. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Gnagey Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-004 Al 0.75 0.180 1.12 Fe 3.0 0.180 4.52 Mn 2.0 0.180 3.00
Waste Load Allocation – Croner Inc. Merrill III Mine
Croner Inc. (SMP56020102; NPDES PA0249157) Merrill III Mine has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 004-005 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D35. Waste load allocations for Croner Inc. Merrill III Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 004-005 Al 0.75 0.090 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – PBS Coals, Inc. Hartman Operation
PBS Coals, Inc. (SMP56950110; NPDES PA0234281) Hartman Operation has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 002, 004, 007 are discharges from
52 treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D36. Waste load allocations for PBS Coals, Inc. Hartman Operation Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 002,004,007 Al 0.75 0.135 0.84 Fe 3.0 0.135 3.39 Mn 2.0 0.135 2.25
Waste Load Allocation – Croner, Inc. Merrill Strip
Croner, Inc. (SMP56860105; NPDES PA0597686) Merrill Strip has discharges from six mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-006 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D37. Waste load allocations for Croner, Inc. Merrill Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-003 Al 2.25 0.135 2.82 Fe 3.0 0.135 3.39 Mn 2.0 0.135 2.25 004-005 Al 0.75 0.090 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.25 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50 006 Al 0.8 0.045 0.30 Fe 2.5 0.045 0.94 Mn 1.5 0.045 0.56
Waste Load Allocation – PBS Coals, Inc. Paxton Strip
PBS Coals, Inc. (SMP56890115; NPDES PA0598666) has discharges from six mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-006 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
53 Table D38. Waste load allocations for PBS Coals, Inc. Paxton Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-004 Al 0.5 0.180 0.75 Fe 1.6 0.180 2.40 Mn 1.0 0.180 1.50 005-006 Al 0.59 0.090 0.44 Fe 1.8 0.090 1.35 Mn 1.2 0.090 0.90
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Schrock Strip
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56860104; NPDES PA0597601) has discharges from six mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-006 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D39. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Schrock Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-006 Al 1.2 0.270 2.70 Fe 3.0 0.270 6.78 Mn 2.0 0.270 4.50
Waste Load Allocation – Croner, Inc. Bluelick #3 Strip
Croner Inc. (SMP56880109; NPDES PA0598283) has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-003 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
54 Table D40. Waste load allocations for Croner, Inc. Bluelick #3 Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-002 Al 2.0 0.090 1.50 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50 003 Al 2.5 0.045 0.94 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Croner Inc. Bluelick Strip
Croner Inc. (SMP56663094; NPDES PA0606031) has a discharge from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D41. Waste load allocations for Croner Inc. Bluelick Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
TMDL calculations – SP11 – Casselman River at Heckle Bridge between Blue Lick Run and Buffalo Creek
The TMDL for sampling point SP11 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between SP9 and SP11 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP11. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP11 (214.58 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP11 shows pH ranging between 6.90 and 7.20; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D42 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP11. Table D43 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP11.
55 Table D42 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.39 703.66 0.27 485.53 Iron 1.08 1924.51 0.47 846.78
Manganese 0.76 1356.14 0.36 637.39 Acidity 7.76 13887.09 7.76 13887.09 Alkalinity 21.12 37795.80
The measured and allowable loading for point SP11 for aluminum, iron and manganese was computed using water-quality sample data collected at the point. This was based on the sample data for the point and did not account for any loads already specified from upstream sources. The additional load from points SP9-10 shows the total load that was permitted from upstream sources. This value was added to the difference in existing loads between points SP9-10 and SP11 to determine a total load tracked for the segment of stream between SP11 and SP9-10. This load will be compared to the allowable load to determine if further reductions are needed to meet the calculated TMDL at SP11. Table D43. Allocations SP11 Al Fe Mn SP11 (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP11 703.66 1924.51 1356.14 Difference in measured loads between the loads that enter and existing SP11 46.34 -530.52 442.68 Additional load tracked from above samples 360.94 711.96 476.12 Total load tracked between SP9-10 and SP11 407.28 555.33 918.80 Allowable Load @ SP11 485.53 846.78 637.39 Load Reduction @ SP11 0 0 281.41 % Reduction required @ SP11 0% 0% 31%
TMDL calculations – SP12 – Unnamed tributary to the Casselman River at Ark Railroad bridge at gate on dirt road
The TMDL for sampling point SP12 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for the unnamed tributary to the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP12. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP12 (0.31 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP12 shows pH ranging between 6.90 and 7.20; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D44 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP12. Table D45 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP12.
56 Table D44 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.83 2.14 0.28 0.73 Iron 0.22 0.55 0.22 0.55
Manganese 0.53 1.35 0.39 1.01 Acidity -2.12 -5.44 -2.12 -5.44 Alkalinity 21.64 55.52
Table D45. Allocations SP12 SP12 Al (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP12 2.14 1.35 Allowable Load @ SP12 0.73 1.01 Load Reduction @ SP12 1.41 0.34 % Reduction required @ SP12 66% 25%
Buffalo Creek TMDL Calculation
A TMDL was completed for Buffalo Creek. Buffalo Creek enters the Casselman River at Garrett. The allowable loads from the last sample point (BUFF1) for Buffalo Creek were used in the calculation of the Casselman River TMDL.
Table D46. Buffalo Creek Contributions Loading Point BUFF1 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Acidity (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ BUFF1 184.15 164.24 205.96 -3756.49 Allowable Load @ BUFF1 99.44 164.24 205.96 -3756.49
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP13 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
57 Table D47. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Waste Load Allocation – Mountaineer Mining Corporation Modica #2 Mine
Mountaineer Mining Corporation (SMP56070111; NPDES PA0262510) has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-003 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D48. Waste load allocations for Mountaineer Mining Corporation Modica #2 Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.6 0.045 0.23 Fe 1.7 0.045 0.64 Mn 1.1 0.045 0.41 002 Al 0.5 0.045 0.19 Fe 1.4 0.045 0.53 Mn 1.0 0.045 0.38 003 Al 0.3 0.045 0.11 Fe 1.0 0.045 0.38 Mn 0.7 0.045 0.26
Waste Load Allocation – Mountaineer Mining Corporation Modica Mine
Mountaineer Mining Corporation (SMP56040102; NPDES PA0249564) has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
58 Table D49. Waste load allocations for Mountaineer Mining Corporation Modica Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.090 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Croner Inc. Blue Lick #2 Mine
Croner Inc. (SMP56823033; NPDES PA0607541) has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D50. Waste load allocations for Croner Inc. Blue Lick #2 Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.090 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – PBS Coals, Inc. Burnham Strip
PBS Coals, Inc. (4074SM28; NPDES PA0599123) Burnham Strip has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities that treat post-mining discharges from the site. D1 and T1 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The D1 discharge is directed through 5 passive treatment wetlands, then two ponds where the water is treated with caustic soda. The T1 discharge is directed through 3 ponds where the water is treated with caustic soda and aeration, then directed to settling ponds. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
59 Table D51. Waste load allocations for PBS Coals, Inc. Burnham Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) D1 Al 0.75 0.018 0.11 Fe 3.0 0.018 0.45 Mn 2.0 0.018 0.30 T1 Al 0.75 0.094 0.59 Fe 3.0 0.094 2.35 Mn 2.0 0.094 1.57
TMDL calculations – SP13 – Casselman River in Garrett at steel grate road at Johnson Road and Waterworks Road
The TMDL for sampling point SP13 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between SP11 and SP13 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP13. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP13 (262.40 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP13 shows pH ranging between 7.10 and 7.60; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D52 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP13. Table D53 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP13.
Table D52 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.45 986.12 0.23 493.06 Iron 0.87 1912.71 0.34 745.96
Manganese 0.54 1188.33 0.36 784.30 Acidity -5.72 -12517.96 -5.72 -12517.96 Alkalinity 28.00 61276.74
The measured and allowable loading for point SP13 for aluminum, iron and manganese was computed using water-quality sample data collected at the point. This was based on the sample data for the point and did not account for any loads already specified from upstream sources. The additional load from points SP11-12/BUFF1 shows the total load that was permitted from upstream sources. This value was added to the difference in existing loads between points SP11- 12/BUFF1 and SP13 to determine a total load tracked for the segment of stream between SP13 and SP11-12/BUFF1. This load will be compared to the allowable load to determine if further reductions are needed to meet the calculated TMDL at SP13.
60 Table D53. Allocations SP13 Al Fe Mn (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) SP13 Existing Load @ SP13 986.12 1912.71 1188.33 Difference in measured loads between the loads that enter and existing SP13 96.17 -176.04 -375.12 Additional load tracked from above samples 585.70 1011.02 844.36 Total load tracked between SP11-12/BUFF1 and SP13 681.87 920.03 641.71 Allowable Load @ SP13 493.06 745.96 784.30 Load Reduction @ SP13 188.81 174.07 0 % Reduction required @ SP13 28% 19% 0%
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP14 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
Table D54. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Waste Load Allocation – Action Mining, Inc. Poorbaugh Strip
Action Mining, Inc. (SMP56950101; NPDES PA0213012) Poorbaugh Strip has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002, 005 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
61 Table D55. Waste load allocations for Action Mining, Inc. Poorbaugh Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75 002 & 005 Al 0.75 0.090 0.58 Fe 1.8 0.090 1.36 Mn 1.7 0.090 1.28
Waste Load Allocation – PBS Coals Inc. Job 21 Operation
PBS Coals Inc. (40A77SM12; NPDES PA0249815) has discharges from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D56. Waste load allocations for PBS Coals, Inc. Job 21 Operation Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Penn Pocahontas Coal Company Tract 911 Mine
Penn Pocahontas Coal Company (4075SM12; NPDES PA0248860) has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
62 Table D57. Waste load allocations for Penn Pocahontas Company Tract 911 Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.127 0.79 Fe 3.0 0.127 3.18 Mn 2.0 0.127 2.12 002 Al 0.75 0.076 0.48 Fe 3.0 0.076 1.90 Mn 2.0 0.076 1.27
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries, Inc. JOPA #1
Future Industries, Inc. (SMP56880103; NPDES PA0598143) has discharges from eleven mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-011 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D58. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. JOPA #1 Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-004 Al 2.0 0.180 3.00 Fe 3.0 0.180 4.52 Mn 2.0 0.180 3.00 005-009 Al 0.75 0.225 1.41 Fe 3.0 0.225 5.63 Mn 2.0 0.225 3.75 010-011 Al 0.5 0.090 0.38 Fe 3.0 0.090 2.25 Mn 2.0 0.090 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Garrett Limestone Company, Inc. Romesburg Quarry
Garrett Limestone Company, Inc. (SMP56970301; NPDES PA0234362) Romesburg Quarry has discharges from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The facility does not have effluent limits for aluminum and manganese. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
63
Table D59. Waste load allocations for Garrett Limestone Company, Inc. Romesburg Quarry Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Fe 3.0 0.3 7.51
Waste Load Allocation – Garrett Borough Water Facility
The Garrett Borough Water Facility (NPDES PA0249815) has discharges from filter backwash waster from a water treatment facility. Outfall 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D60. Waste load allocations for Garrett Borough Water Facility Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 4.0 0.031 1.03 Fe 2.0 0.031 0.52 Mn 1.0 0.031 0.26
Waste Load Allocation – Croner, Inc. Slifco #3 Strip
Croner, Inc. (SMP56 860101; NPDES PA0597546) has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Outfall 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D61. Waste load allocations for Garrett Borough Water Facility Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Al 1.5 0.05 0.63 Fe 3.0 0.05 1.25 Mn 2.0 0.05 0.83
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries, Inc. Little Merrill Strip
Future Industries, Inc. (SMP56930107; NPDES PA0212466) Little Merrill Strip has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-003 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
64 Table D62. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. Little Merrill Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.150 0.94 Fe 3.0 0.150 3.75 Mn 2.0 0.150 2.50
TMDL calculations – SP14 – Casselman River downstream of Lick Run on hiking trail
The TMDL for sampling point SP14 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between SP13 and SP14 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP14. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP14 (270.81 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP14 shows pH ranging between 7.10 and 7.80; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D63 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP14. Table D64 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP14.
Table D63 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.37 840.17 0.30 672.14 Iron 0.51 1145.53 0.48 1088.25
Manganese 0.41 921.03 0.30 672.35 Acidity -4.68 -10569.91 -4.68 -10569.91 Alkalinity 29.16 65858.69
The measured and allowable loading for point SP14 for aluminum, iron and manganese was computed using water-quality sample data collected at the point. This was based on the sample data for the point and did not account for any loads already specified from upstream sources. The additional load from points SP13 shows the total load that was permitted from upstream sources. This value was added to the difference in existing loads between points SP13 and SP14 to determine a total load tracked for the segment of stream between SP14 and SP13. This load will be compared to the allowable load to determine if further reductions are needed to meet the calculated TMDL at SP14.
65 Table D64. Allocations SP14 Al Fe Mn (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) SP14 Existing Load @ SP14 840.17 1145.53 921.03 Difference in measured loads between the loads that enter and existing SP14 -145.95 -767.18 -267.30 Additional load tracked from above samples 493.06 745.96 784.30 Total load tracked between SP13 and SP14 419.10 440.12 603.91 Allowable Load @ SP14 672.14 1088.25 672.35 Load Reduction @ SP14 0 0 0 % Reduction required @ SP14 0% 0% 0%
Waste Load Allocation – American Development Company Job 33
American Development Company (SMP56840112; NPDES PA0607487) Job 33 has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-003 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D65. Waste load allocations for American Development Company Job 33 Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-003 Al 2.0 0.135 2.25 Fe 3.0 0.135 3.38 Mn 2.0 0.135 2.25
Waste Load Allocation – Soberdash Coal & Coke Company Weimer Run
Soberdash Coal & Coke Company Weimer Run has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities that treat post-mining discharges from the site. These discharges exist on two permitted areas: 4073SM7 and 56733134. Pond 2 and ALD are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into Weimer Run. Seeps 1-5 from permit 4073SM7 are directed through an open limestone channel, then two ponds, before discharging from permit 56733134 at discharge point Pond 2. MD1 & MD2 are discharges that are directed through an anoxic limestone drain and discharged at point ALD. These discharges do not have NPDES permits. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
66 Table D66. Waste load allocations for Soberdash Coal & Coke Company Weimer Run Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Pond 2 Al 0.75 0.094 0.11 Fe 3.0 0.094 0.45 Mn 2.0 0.094 0.30 ALD Al 0.75 0.016 0.10 Fe 3.0 0.016 0.40 Mn 2.0 0.016 0.27
TMDL calculations – SP15 – Weimer Run at mouth
The TMDL for sampling point SP15 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for Weimer Run was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP15. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP15 (2.71 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP15 shows pH ranging between 3.80 and 4.60; pH will be addressed. Table D67 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP15. Table D68 shows the load reductions necessary to meet water quality standards at SP15.
Table D67 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 5.58 126.27 0.22 5.05 Iron 0.77 17.40 0.52 11.83
Manganese 3.30 74.65 0.30 6.72 Acidity 61.36 1389.14 0.61 13.89 Alkalinity 3.12 70.63
Table D68. Allocations SP15 Acidity SP15 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP15 126.27 17.40 74.65 1389.14 Allowable Load @ SP15 5.05 11.83 6.72 13.89 Load Reduction @ SP15 121.22 5.57 67.93 1375.25 % Reduction required @ SP15 96% 32% 91% 99%
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP16 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
67
Table D69. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries, Inc. Snyder GFCC
Future Industries, Inc. (56-07-01; NPDES PA0262552) Snyder GFCC has discharges from one mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D70. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. Snyder GFCC Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.01 0.06 Fe 3.0 0.01 0.25 Mn 2.0 0.01 0.17
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries Inc. Duck Strip
Future Industries Inc. (SMP56930112; NPDES PA0212636) Duck Strip has discharges from five mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-005 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
68 Table D71. Waste load allocations for Future Industries Inc. Duck Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 2.2 0.09 1.65 Mn 1.8 0.09 1.35 002 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 2.2 0.09 1.65 Mn 1.8 0.09 1.35 003 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 2.2 0.09 1.65 Mn 1.8 0.09 1.35 004 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.25 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 005 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.25 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries Inc. Duck Two Strip
Future Industries, Inc. (SMP56040101; NPDES PA0249556) Duck Two Strip has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
69 Table D72. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. Duck Two Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 002 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries, Inc. Beef Farm
Future Industries, Inc. (SMP56930110; NPDES PA0212610) Beef Farm has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds TF1-2 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D73. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. Beef Farm Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) TF1 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 TF2 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries, Inc. Nittany Mine
Future Industries, Inc. (SMP56900112; NPDES PA058976) Nittany Mine has discharges from five mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-005 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
70 Table D74. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. Nittany Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-002 Al 0.65 0.09 0.49 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 003-004 Al 1.6 0.09 1.20 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 005 Al 0.85 0.045 0.32 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Shafer Run TMDL Calculation
A TMDL was completed for Shafer Run. Shafer Run enters the Casselman River downstream of Weimer Run from the south. The allowable loads from the last sample point (SP21) for Shafer Run were used in the calculation of the Casselman River TMDL.
Table D75. Shafer Run Contributions Loading Point SP21 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Acidity (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ SP21 7.8 2.3 5.8 155.3 Allowable Load @ SP21 3.3 2.3 3.6 24.9
TMDL calculations – SP16 – Casselman River in Rockwood at Roberts Landing
The TMDL for sampling point SP16 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between points SP15 and SP16 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP16. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP16 (359.35 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP16 shows pH ranging between 7.10 and 7.40; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D76 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP16.
71 Table D76 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 749.25 0.25 749.25 Iron 0.35 1050.75 0.35 1050.75
Manganese 0.26 785.21 0.26 785.21 Acidity -5.16 -15464.51 -5.16 -15464.51 Alkalinity 26.88 80559.29
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP17 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
Table D77. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Waste Load Allocation – AMFIRE Mining Co., LLC Outten Mine
AMFIRE Mining Co., LLC (SMP56980107; NPDES PA0234877) Outten Mine has discharges from four mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-004 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D78. Waste load allocations for AMFIRE Mining Co., LLC Outten Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001-004 Al 0.75 0.180 1.13 Fe 3.0 0.180 4.50 Mn 2.0 0.180 3.00
Waste Load Allocation – Svonavec, Inc. Milford #7
Svonavec, Inc. (SMP56763114; NPDES PA0608238) Milford #7 has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond T1 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
72 Table D79. Waste load allocations for Svonavec, Inc. Milford #7 Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) T1 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Tomcat Coal Brugh II Mine
Tomcat Coal (SMP56030101; NPDES PA0249360) Brugh II Mine has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D80. Waste load allocations for Tomcat Coal Brugh II Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – L.K. Mining Brugh Mine
L.K. Mining (SMP56960105; NPDES PA0234168) Brugh Mine has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D81. Waste load allocations for L.K. Mining Brugh Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Amerikohl Mining, Inc. Horizon View Mine
Amerikohl Mining, Inc. (SMP56060110; NPDES PA0262251) Horizon View Mine has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a
73 treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D82. Waste load allocations for Amerikohl Mining, Inc. Horizon View Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 2.0 0.09 1.50 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Future Industries, Inc. Mallard Mine
Future Industries, Inc. (SMP56930106; NPDES PA0212458) Mallard Mine has discharges from four mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-004 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D83. Waste load allocations for Future Industries, Inc. Mallard Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 002 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 003 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 004 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Commercial Coal Sales, Inc. College Mine
Commercial Coal Sales, Inc. (SMP56920104; NPDES PA0599468) College Mine has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from
74 treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D84. Waste load allocations for Commercial Coal Sales, Inc. College Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.7 0.09 0.53 Fe 2.2 0.09 1.65 Mn 1.5 0.09 1.13 002 Al 1.3 0.09 0.98 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.25 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Amerikohl Mining, Inc. Bittner Surface Mine
Amerikohl Mining, Inc. (SMP56070105; NPDES PA0262241) Bittner Surface Mine has discharges from four mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-004 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D85. Waste load allocations for Amerikohl Mining, Inc. Bittner Surface Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 002 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 003 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50 004 Al 0.75 0.09 0.56 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
75 Waste Load Allocation – General Refractories Company Fort Hill Mine
General Refractories Company (3369BSM32; NPDES PA0605824) Fort Hill Mine has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 001 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D86. Waste load allocations for Amerikohl Mining, Inc. Horizon View Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 2.0 0.09 1.50 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.26 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Croner, Inc. Goodtown Preparation Plant
Croner, Inc. (568416052; NPDES PA0214761) Goodtown Preparation Plant has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 003 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D87. Waste load allocations for Croner, Inc. Goodtown Preparation Plant Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.05 0.31 Fe 3.5 0.05 1.46 Mn 2.0 0.05 0.83
Waste Load Allocation – Svonavec, Inc. Milford Operation
Svonavec, Inc. (SMP56931303; NPDES PA0214957) Milford Operation has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 1A & 2A are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
76 Table D88. Waste load allocations for Svonavec, Inc. Milford Operation Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 1A Al 0.5 0.28 1.17 Fe 1.5 0.28 3.50 Mn 1.0 0.28 2.34 002 Al 1.5 0.09 1.13 Fe 3.0 0.09 2.25 Mn 2.0 0.09 1.50
Waste Load Allocation – Svonavec, Inc. Milford #3 Operation
Svonavec, Inc. (SMP56890703; NPDES PA0214141) Milford #3 Operation has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Treatment Pond 002 is a discharge from a treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
Table D89. Waste load allocations for Svonavec, Inc. Milford #3 Operation Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 002 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.5 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – Amerikohl Mining, Inc.
Amerikohl Mining, Inc. (SMP56060103; NPDES PA0249947) has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
77 Table D90. Waste load allocations for Amerikohl Mining, Inc. Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 2.0 0.045 0.75 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75 002 Al 2.0 0.045 0.75 Fe 1.8 0.045 0.68 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
Waste Load Allocation – AMFIRE Mining Co., LLC New Centerville Mine
AMFIRE Mining Co., LLC (CMAP56080103; NPDES PA0262617) has discharges from three mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 002, 004, 006 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D91. Waste load allocations for AMFIRE Mining Co., LLC New Centerville Mine Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 002 Al 2.0 0.4 6.67 Fe 1.55 0.4 5.17 Mn 1.05 0.4 3.50 004, 006 Al 2.0 0.8 13.34 Fe 1.51 0.8 10.08 Mn 2.0 0.8 13.34
Waste Load Allocation – Better Mining, Inc. Newcomer Strip
Better Mining, Inc. (4074SM18) Newcomer Strip has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility that treats a post-mining discharge. Passive treatment is a discharge from a passive treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
78 Table D92. Waste load allocations for Better Mining, Inc. Newcomer Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Passive System Al 0.75 0.046 0.29 Fe 3.0 0.046 1.15 Mn 2.0 0.046 0.77
TMDL calculations – SP17 – Casselman River downstream of Fort Hill at steel bridge on SR3011
The TMDL for sampling point SP17 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between points SP16 and SP17 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP17. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP17 (440.79 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP17 shows pH ranging between 7.30 and 8.00; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards area being met. Table D93 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP17.
Table D93 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L Lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 919.04 0.25 919.04 Iron 0.26 938.89 0.26 938.89
Manganese 0.20 727.15 0.20 727.15 Acidity -14.16 -52054.61 -14.16 -52054.61 Alkalinity 31.28 114990.69
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP18 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
Table D94. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
79 Waste Load Allocation – Svonavec, Inc. Ohler Strip
Svonavec, Inc. (SMP56890102; NPDES PA0598372) Ohler Strip has discharges from two mine drainage treatment facilities. Treatment Ponds 001-002 are discharges from treatment facilities that discharge into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for these discharges.
Table D95. Waste load allocations for Svonavec, Inc. Ohler Strip Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 001 Al 0.75 0.045 0.28 Fe 3.0 0.045 1.13 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75 002 Al 1.0 0.045 0.38 Fe 2.5 0.045 0.94 Mn 2.0 0.045 0.75
TMDL calculations – SP18 – Casselman River at Harnedsville Bridge on TR523
The TMDL for sampling point SP18 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between SP17 and SP18 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP18. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program at SP18 (471.81 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP18 shows pH ranging between 7.30 and 8.00; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D96 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP18.
Table D96 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 983.73 0.25 983.73 Iron 0.28 1093.12 0.28 1093.12
Manganese 0.19 761.80 0.19 761.80 Acidity -11.84 -46589.29 -11.84 -46589.29 Alkalinity 29.52 116158.44
A waste load allocation for future permitting was included at SP19 allowing for four operations with two active pits (1500’ x 300’) to be permitted in the future on this segment.
80 Table D97. Waste load allocations for future mining operations Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) Future Operations Al 0.75 0.360 2.26 Fe 3.0 0.360 9.00 Mn 2.0 0.360 6.00
Cucumber Run TMDL Calculation
A TMDL was completed for Cucumber Run. Cucumber Run enters the Casselman River upstream of Dumas. The allowable loads from the last sample point (CUKE1) for Cucumber Run were used in the calculation of the Casselman River TMDL.
Table D98. Cucumber Run Contributions Loading Point CUKE1 Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Acidity (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ CUKE1 NA NA 5.4 194.8 Allowable Load @ CUKE1 NA NA 5.4 93.5
Whites Creek TMDL Calculation
A TMDL was completed for Whites Creek. Whites Creek enters the Casselman River at Dumas. The allowable loads from the last sample point (DUMAS) for Whites Creek were used in the calculation of the Casselman River TMDL.
Table D99. Whites Creek Contributions Loading Point DUMAS Al (Lbs/day) Fe (Lbs/day) Mn (Lbs/day) Acidity (Lbs/day) Existing Load @ DUMAS 132.49 1265.70 36.75 3074.40 Allowable Load @ DUMAS 13.25 7.59 190.32 122.98
TMDL calculations –SP19 – Casselman River in Confluence at mouth on wooden bridge by Ford garage
The TMDL for sample point SP19 consists of a load allocation to all of the area between SP19 and SP18 shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for this segment of the Casselman River was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP19. The average flow, computed using data collected at SP19 (521.58 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP19 shows that this segment has a pH ranging between 7.30 and 7.80; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D100 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP19. Table D101 shows the percent reductions for aluminum, iron and manganese.
81 Table D100 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 1087.49 0.25 1087.49 Iron 0.41 1782.61 0.39 1675.66
Manganese 0.18 798.65 0.18 798.65 Acidity -13.16 -57245.45 -13.16 -57245.45 Alkalinity 29.60 128758.77
The measured and allowable loading for point SP19 for iron was computed using water-quality sample data collected at the point. This was based on the sample data for the point and did not account for any loads already specified from upstream sources. The additional load from points SP18/DUMAS shows the total load that was permitted from upstream sources. This value was added to the difference in existing loads between points SP18/DUMAS and SP19 to determine a total load tracked for the segment of stream between SP19 and SP18/DUMAS. This load will be compared to the allowable load to determine if further reductions are needed to meet the calculated TMDL at SP19. Table D101. Allocations SP19 Fe (Lbs/day) SP19 Existing Load @ SP19 1782.61 Difference in measured loads between the loads that enter and existing SP19 506.91 Additional load tracked from above samples 7.59 Total load tracked between SP18/DUMAS and SP19 514.50 Allowable Load @ SP19 1675.66 Load Reduction @ SP19 0 % Reduction required @ SP19 0%
Waste Load Allocation – New Enterprise Stone & Lime Company, Inc. Bakersville Quarry
New Enterprise Stone & Lime Company, Inc. (4074SM12; NPDES PA0599352) Bakersville Quarry has a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility. Outfall 005 is a discharge from a mine drainage treatment facility that discharges into the Casselman River. The following table shows the waste load allocation for this discharge.
82 Table D102. Waste load allocations for New Enterprise Stone & Lime Company, Inc. Bakersville Quarry Parameter Allowable Conc. Average Flow Allowable Load (mg/L) (MGD) (lbs/day) 005 Al 0.75 2.5 15.64 Fe 1.5 2.5 31.28 Mn 2.0 2.5 41.70
TMDL calculations – SP20 – Laurel Hill Creek in Confluence at mouth
The TMDL for sample point SP20 consists of a load allocation to all of the area upstream of this point shown in Attachment A. The load allocation for Laurel Hill Creek was computed using water-quality sample data collected at point SP20. The average flow, computed using the USGS StreamStats program (162.23 MGD), is used for these computations.
Sample data at point SP20 shows that this segment has a pH ranging between 7.20 and 7.70; pH will not be addressed because water quality standards are being met. Table D103 shows the measured and allowable concentrations and loads at SP20.
Table D103 Measured Allowable Concentration Load Concentration Load mg/L lbs/day mg/L lbs/day Aluminum 0.25 338.24 0.25 338.24 Iron 0.27 371.79 0.27 371.79
Manganese 0.03 47.08 0.03 47.08 Acidity -5.48 -7414.23 -5.48 -7414.23 Alkalinity 24.52 33174.60
Margin of Safety
For this study the margin of safety is applied implicitly. A MOS is implicit because the allowable concentrations and loadings were simulated using Monte Carlo techniques and employing the @Risk software. An additional MOS is provided because that the calculations were done with a daily Fe average instead of the 30-day average.
Seasonal Variation
Seasonal variation is implicitly accounted for in these TMDLs because the data used represents all seasons.
83 Critical Conditions
The reductions specified in this TMDL apply at all flow conditions. A critical flow condition could not be identified from the data used for this analysis.
84
Attachment E Excerpts Justifying Changes Between the 1996, 1998, and 2002 Section 303(d) Lists and Integrated Report/List (2004, 2006)
85 The following are excerpts from the Pennsylvania DEP Section 303(d) narratives that justify changes in listings between the 1996, 1998, 2002, 2004 and 2006 303(d) Lists and Integrated Report/List (2006). The Section 303(d) listing process has undergone an evolution in Pennsylvania since the development of the 1996 list.
In the 1996 Section 303(d) narrative, strategies were outlined for changes to the listing process. Suggestions included, but were not limited to, a migration to a Global Information System (GIS), improved monitoring and assessment, and greater public input.
The migration to a GIS was implemented prior to the development of the 1998 Section 303(d) list. As a result of additional sampling and the migration to the GIS some of the information appearing on the 1996 list differed from the 1998 list. Most common changes included:
1. mileage differences due to recalculation of segment length by the GIS; 2. slight changes in source(s)/cause(s) due to new EPA codes; 3. changes to source(s)/cause(s), and/or miles due to revised assessments; 4. corrections of misnamed streams or streams placed in inappropriate SWP subbasins; and 5. unnamed tributaries no longer identified as such and placed under the named watershed listing.
Prior to 1998, segment lengths were computed using a map wheel and calculator. The segment lengths listed on the 1998 Section 303(d) list were calculated automatically by the GIS (ArcInfo) using a constant projection and map units (meters) for each watershed. Segment lengths originally calculated by using a map wheel and those calculated by the GIS did not always match closely. This was the case even when physical identifiers (e.g., tributary confluence and road crossings) matching the original segment descriptions were used to define segments on digital quad maps. This occurred to some extent with all segments, but was most noticeable in segments with the greatest potential for human errors using a map wheel for calculating the original segment lengths (e.g., long stream segments or entire basins).
Migration to National Hydrography Data (NHD)
New to the 2006 report is use of the 1/24,000 National Hydrography Data (NHD) streams GIS layer. Up until 2006 the Department relied upon its own internally developed stream layer. Subsequently, the United States Geologic Survey (USGS) developed 1/24,000 NHD streams layer for the Commonwealth based upon national geodatabase standards. In 2005, DEP contracted with USGS to add missing streams and correct any errors in the NHD. A GIS contractor transferred the old DEP stream assessment information to the improved NHD and the old DEP streams layer was archived. Overall, this marked an improvement in the quality of the streams layer and made the stream assessment data compatible with national standards but it necessitated a change in the Integrated Listing format. The NHD is not attributed with the old DEP five digit stream codes so segments can no longer be listed by stream code but rather only by stream name or a fixed combination of NHD fields known as reachcode and ComID. The NHD is aggregated by Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) watersheds so HUCs rather than the old State Water Plan (SWP) watersheds are now used to group streams together. The map in
86 Appendix E illustrates the relationship between the old SWP and new HUC watershed delineations. A more basic change was the shift in data management philosophy from one of “dynamic segmentation” to “fixed segments”. The dynamic segmentation records were proving too difficult to mange from an historical tracking perspective. The fixed segment methods will remedy that problem. The stream assessment data management has gone through many changes over the years as system requirements and software changed. It is hoped that with the shift to the NHD and OIT’s (Office of Information Technology) fulltime staff to manage and maintain SLIMS the systems and formats will now remain stable over many Integrated Listing cycles.
87
Attachment F Water Quality Data Used In TMDL Calculations
88
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP20 10/11/2007 7.7 37.8 -15.8 0.774 0.074 0.25 SP20 11/6/2007 7.6 37.2 -1.8 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP20 1/14/2008 7.2 15 -5.4 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP20 3/12/2008 7.2 14.8 -2.8 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP20 4/16/2008 7.3 17.8 -1.6 0.15 0.025 0.25
Average 7.40 24.52 -5.48 0.27 0.03 0.25 StDev 0.23 11.91 5.96 0.28 0.02 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP19 10/11/2007 7.8 43.4 -28 0.92 0.097 0.25 SP19 11/6/2007 7.8 37.8 -16.8 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP19 1/14/2008 7.3 20 -11 0.373 0.219 0.25 SP19 3/12/2008 7.4 20.8 -6 0.456 0.277 0.25 SP19 4/16/2008 7.5 26 -4 0.15 0.3 0.25
Average 7.56 29.60 -13.16 0.41 0.18 0.25 StDev 0.23 10.49 9.66 0.32 0.12 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP18 10/5/2007 8 44 -25.4 0.301 0.103 0.25 SP18 11/6/2007 7.7 36.4 -13.6 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP18 1/14/2008 7.3 20.2 -9.2 0.343 0.229 0.25 SP18 3/12/2008 7.4 21 -5.4 0.445 0.287 0.25 SP18 4/16/2008 7.5 26 -5.6 0.15 0.324 0.25
Average 7.58 29.52 -11.84 0.28 0.19 0.25 StDev 0.28 10.35 8.28 0.13 0.13 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP17 10/5/2007 8 48.2 -31.8 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP17 11/6/2007 7.7 39.8 -14.2 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP17 1/14/2008 7.3 20.4 -8.4 0.347 0.237 0.25 SP17 3/12/2008 7.3 21.2 -5.4 0.48 0.308 0.25 SP17 4/16/2008 7.5 26.8 -11 0.15 0.394 0.25
Average 7.56 31.28 -14.16 0.26 0.20 0.25 StDev 0.30 12.24 10.38 0.15 0.17 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP16 10/5/2007 7.7 42.2 -19.2 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP16 11/6/2007 7.4 32.4 6.2 0.309 0.307 0.25 SP16 1/14/2008 7.1 18.2 -7 0.352 0.223 0.25 SP16 3/12/2008 7.2 18.8 -2.4 0.476 0.303 0.25 SP16 4/16/2008 7.2 22.8 -3.4 0.466 0.452 0.25
Average 7.32 26.88 -5.16 0.35 0.26 0.25
89 StDev 0.24 10.28 9.22 0.13 0.16 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP15 10/5/2007 3.8 0 93.8 0.15 5.67 6.17 SP15 11/6/2007 3.8 0 112 0.966 5.39 10.3 SP15 1/14/2008 4.6 6.6 16 0.766 1.164 2.15 SP15 3/12/2008 4.1 3.6 51.6 1.286 1.844 5.917 SP15 4/16/2008 4.3 5.4 33.4 0.675 2.42 3.35
Average 4.12 3.12 61.36 0.77 3.30 5.58 StDev 0.34 3.04 40.47 0.42 2.09 3.14
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP14 10/5/2007 7.8 43.6 -29.2 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP14 11/5/2007 7.4 35.4 1.2 0.323 0.588 0.25 SP14 1/14/2008 7.1 20.8 7.6 0.447 0.298 0.25 SP14 3/11/2008 7.1 20.2 4.8 0.745 0.414 0.601 SP14 4/16/2008 7.3 25.8 -7.8 0.871 0.714 0.509
Average 7.34 29.16 -4.68 0.51 0.41 0.37 StDev 0.29 10.11 14.88 0.30 0.27 0.17
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP13 10/5/2007 7.6 40 -25.2 0.15 0.312 0.25 SP13 11/5/2007 7.3 33 11 0.625 0.825 0.25 SP13 1/14/2008 7.2 20.8 -8 0.556 0.294 0.25 SP13 3/11/2008 7.1 20.6 3.6 0.869 0.415 0.632 SP13 4/16/2008 7.1 25.6 -10 2.17 0.869 0.871
Average 7.26 28.00 -5.72 0.87 0.54 0.45 StDev 0.21 8.39 13.87 0.77 0.28 0.29
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP12 10/5/2007 7.2 21.8 0.6 0.15 0.659 0.789 SP12 11/5/2007 6.9 17.4 -0.4 0.15 0.886 1.54 SP12 1/14/2008 7.2 21.4 -10 0.48 0.378 0.659 SP12 3/11/2008 7.2 22.8 4.4 0.15 0.296 0.545 SP12 4/16/2008 7.2 24.8 -5.2 0.15 0.408 0.629
Average 7.14 21.64 -2.12 0.22 0.53 0.83 StDev 0.13 2.71 5.58 0.15 0.24 0.41
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP11 10/5/2007 7.2 24.8 11.4 0.358 1.13 0.25 SP11 11/5/2007 7.2 26.4 21.4 1.73 1.06 0.25 SP11 1/14/2008 7.1 17.6 1.6 0.567 0.271 0.25 SP11 3/11/2008 6.9 16.2 6.2 0.942 0.435 0.682 SP11 4/16/2008 6.9 20.6 -1.8 1.78 0.893 0.534
90 Average 7.06 21.12 7.76 1.08 0.76 0.39 StDev 0.15 4.42 9.10 0.65 0.38 0.20
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP10 10/4/2007 5.8 13.6 31.6 0.851 5.22 0.55 SP10 11/5/2007 5.8 13 33 0.413 3.8 0.25 SP10 1/14/2008 6.4 13 5 0.334 1.916 1.099 SP10 3/11/2008 5 8.8 34.4 0.454 1.949 2.91 SP10 4/15/2008 4.9 10 39.4 0.384 3.199 4.99
Average 5.58 11.68 28.68 0.49 3.22 1.96 StDev 0.63 2.14 13.56 0.21 1.38 1.98
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP9 10/4/2007 7.2 37.4 -5.8 2.71 1.06 0.25 SP9 11/5/2007 7.5 36.4 13.2 1.42 0.476 0.25 SP9 1/14/2008 7.1 18.2 -3 0.625 0.27 0.25 SP9 3/11/2008 6.9 16.2 3.6 0.82 0.394 0.707 SP9 4/15/2008 6.8 15.6 8.4 2.676 1.132 0.748
Average 7.10 24.76 3.28 1.65 0.67 0.44 StDev 0.27 11.13 7.85 1.00 0.40 0.26
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP8 10/4/2007 8.8 57.6 -39.2 0.397 0.057 0.25 SP8 11/5/2007 8 43.8 -16.4 0.15 0.054 0.25 SP8 1/14/2008 7.5 19.4 -6.2 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP8 3/11/2008 7.1 16.8 -2.6 0.15 0.056 0.25 SP8 4/15/2008 7.4 24 -1.8 0.15 0.122 0.25
Average 7.76 32.32 -13.24 0.20 0.06 0.25 StDev 0.67 17.66 15.63 0.11 0.04 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP7 10/4/2007 4.3 7 250.2 83 16.6 12.2 SP7 11/5/2007 4.6 10.6 251 91.1 17 12.2 SP7 1/14/2008 4.1 4 156 45.976 13.329 14.038 SP7 3/11/2008 3.5 0 183.2 37.925 13.331 12.209 SP7 4/15/2008 4.9 11.4 195.6 65.809 20.359 9.656
Average 4.28 6.60 207.20 64.76 16.12 12.06 StDev 0.53 4.73 42.13 22.92 2.94 1.56
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP6 10/4/2007 7.3 23 10.4 0.333 0.401 0.25 SP6 11/5/2007 7.3 28.2 23.4 0.554 0.624 0.25 SP6 1/14/2008 7.1 17.4 -1.8 0.464 0.256 0.25 SP6 3/11/2008 6.9 15.8 5.2 0.464 0.297 0.547 SP6 4/15/2008 7.1 18.6 3.2 0.732 0.484 0.507
91
Average 7.14 20.60 8.08 0.51 0.41 0.36 StDev 0.17 5.02 9.62 0.15 0.15 0.15
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP5 10/4/2007 7.4 25.2 -8 0.368 0.255 0.25 SP5 11/5/2007 7.3 31.6 -8.8 0.15 1.66 0.25 SP5 1/14/2008 6.8 14 6.6 0.363 1.54 1.768 SP5 3/11/2008 6.6 11.6 10.4 0.342 1.272 1.666 SP5 4/15/2008 7 16.2 6.2 0.359 1.581 1.388
Average 7.02 19.72 1.28 0.32 1.26 1.06 StDev 0.33 8.40 8.99 0.09 0.58 0.76
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP4 10/4/2007 7 15 91.8 0.348 0.287 0.25 SP4 11/5/2007 7 16 16.6 0.15 0.192 0.25 SP4 1/14/2008 6.5 9.4 4 0.696 0.404 0.25 SP4 3/11/2008 6.3 9.2 9 1.048 0.422 0.25 SP4 4/15/2008 6.3 9.2 10.8 1.18 0.667 0.25
Average 6.62 11.76 26.44 0.68 0.39 0.25 StDev 0.36 3.43 36.81 0.44 0.18 0.00
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP3 10/4/2007 3.4 0 148.8 6.42 16.5 11 SP3 11/5/2007 3.4 0 148.8 8.35 17.2 11.8 SP3 1/14/2008 3.5 0 105.8 8.823 10.601 12.024 SP3 3/11/2008 3.4 0 167.8 10.051 10.275 14.487 SP3 4/15/2008 3.3 0 200.8 13.179 14.161 17.417
Average 3.40 0.00 154.40 9.36 13.75 13.35 StDev 0.07 0.00 34.49 2.50 3.23 2.62
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP2 10/4/2007 3.1 0 232.8 14.7 10.6 19.5 SP2 11/5/2007 3.2 0 228.2 16.7 10.7 22.1 SP2 1/14/2008 3.1 0 176 21.683 7.796 14.382 SP2 3/11/2008 3.2 0 168.4 16.951 5.674 10.677 SP2 4/15/2008 3.1 0 229.4 22.232 9.563 17.096
Average 3.14 0.00 206.96 18.45 8.87 16.75 StDev 0.05 0.00 31.89 3.32 2.13 4.44
Point Date pH Alkalinity Hot Acidity Iron Manganese Aluminum SP1 10/4/2007 7.8 55 -25.2 0.15 0.063 0.25 SP1 11/5/2007 7.8 39.2 -2.6 0.15 0.025 0.25 SP1 1/14/2008 7.3 19.2 -5 0.15 0.107 0.25 SP1 3/11/2008 7.2 19 0.6 0.15 0.069 0.25
92 SP1 4/15/2008 7.2 24.8 -2.6 0.15 0.089 0.25
Average 7.46 31.44 -6.96 0.15 0.07 0.25 StDev 0.31 15.52 10.39 0.00 0.03 0.00
All concentrations measured in mg/L. Underlined values are included at half the detection limit.
93
Attachment G TMDLs and NPDES Permitting Coordination
94 NPDES permitting is unavoidably linked to TMDLs through waste load allocations and their translation, through the permitting program, to effluent limits. Primary responsibility for NPDES permitting rests with the District Mining Offices (for mining NPDES permits) and the Regional Offices (for industrial NPDES permits). Therefore, the DMOs and Regions will maintain tracking mechanisms of available waste load allocations, etc. in their respective offices. The TMDL program will assist in this effort. However, the primary role of the TMDL program is TMDL development and revision/amendment (the necessity for which is as defined in the Future Modifications section) at the request of the respective office. All efforts will be made to coordinate public notice periods for TMDL revisions and permit renewals/reissuances.
Load Tracking Mechanisms
The Department has developed tracking mechanisms that will allow for accounting of pollution loads in TMDL watersheds. This will allow permit writers to have information on how allocations have been distributed throughout the watershed in the watershed of interest while making permitting decisions. These tracking mechanisms will allow the Department to make minor changes in WLAs without the need for EPA to review and approve a revised TMDL. Tracking will also allow for the evaluation of loads at downstream points throughout a watershed to ensure no downstream impairments will result from the addition, modification or movement of a permit.
Options for Permittees in TMDL Watersheds
The Department is working to develop options for mining permits in watersheds with approved TMDLs.
Options identified
• Build excess WLA into the TMDL for anticipated future mining. This could then be used for a new permit. Permittee must show that there has been actual load reduction in the amount of the proposed permit or must include a schedule to guarantee the reductions using current data referenced to the TMDL prior to permit issuance. • Use WLA that is freed up from another permit in the watershed when that site is reclaimed. If no permits have been recently reclaimed, it may be necessary to delay permit issuance until additional WLA becomes available. • Re-allocate the WLA(s) of existing permits. WLAs could be reallocated based on actual flows (as opposed to design flows) or smaller than approved pit/spoil areas (as opposed to default areas). The "freed-up" WLA could be applied to the new permit. This option would require the simultaneous amendment of the permits involved in the reallocation. • Non-discharge alternative.
Other possible options
The following two options have also been identified for use in TMDL watersheds. However, before recommendation for use as viable implementation options, a thorough regulatory (both state and federal) review must be completed. These options should not be implemented until the
95 completion of the regulatory review and development of any applicable administrative mechanisms.
• Issue the permit with in-stream water quality criteria values as the effluent limits. The in- stream criteria value would represent the monthly average, with the other limits adjusted accordingly (e.g., for Fe, the limits would be 1.5 mg/L monthly average, 3.0 mg/L daily average and 4.0 instantaneous max mg/L).
• The applicant would agree to treat an existing source (point or non-point) where there is no responsible party and receive a WLA based on a portion of the load reduction to be achieved. The result of using these types of offsets in permitting is a net improvement in long-term water quality through the reclamation or treatment of an abandoned source.
96
Attachment H Comment and Response
97 No public comments were received on the Casselman River TMDL.
98