2011 Advocates' Guide
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The National Low Income Housing Coalition presents Made possible through 2011 Advocates’ Guide the generosity of to Housing & Community Development Policy 727 15th Street N.W., 6th Floor Washington, DC 20005 (202)662-1530; (202)393-1973 Fax www.nlihc.org The National Low Income Housing Coalition is dedicated solely to achieving socially just public policy that assures people with the lowest incomes in the United States have affordable and decent homes. The National Low Income Housing Coalition was established in 1974 by Cushing N. Dolbeare. BOARD 2010 - 2011 STAFF Mark Allison Matt Gerard Elina Bravve Supportive Housing Coalition Minneapolis Highrise Representative Research Assistant of New Mexico Council Albuquerque, NM Minneapolis, MN Sarah Brundage Communications Associate Nancy Bernstine Lisa Hasegawa National AIDS Housing Coalition National Coalition for Asian Pacific Amy Clark Washington, DC American Community Development Communications Director Washington, DC Mary Brooks Linda Couch Center for Community Change Linda Leaks Senior Vice President for Policy Frazier Park, CA Empower DC Washington, DC Sheila Crowley Gail Burks President and CEO Nevada Fair Housing Center Moises Loza Las Vegas, NV Housing Assistance Council Megan DeCrappeo Washington, DC Research Analyst Maria Cabildo East Los Angeles Community Corporation George Moses Shannon Faulk Los Angeles, CA Housing Alliance of Pennsylvania Executive Assistant Pittsburgh, PA Delorise Calhoun Ed Gramlich Jurisdiction-Wide Resident Advisory Reymundo Ocañas Regulatory Director Board BBVA Compass Cincinnati, OH Houston, TX Patrice Guillory Outreach Associate Dede Carney Greg Payne Carney & Company Team Maine Affordable Housing Coalition Elisha Harig-Blaine Greenville, NC Portland, ME Outreach Director Donald Chamberlain Diane Randall Mary Kolar Sound Thinking Washington, DC Outreach Associate Seattle, WA Tara Rollins Brandi Mercurio Brenda Clement Utah Housing Coalition Development Coordinator Housing Action Coalition of Rhode Island Salt Lake City, UT Pawtucket, RI Khara Norris Julie Spezia Director of Administration Marcie Cohen Housing California Washington, DC Sacramento, CA Danilo Pelletiere Research Director Charles Elsesser, Jr. Paul Weech Florida Legal Services Stewards of Affordable Housing Melissa Quirk Miami, FL for the Future Policy Analyst Washington, DC Bill Faith Bill Shields Coalition on Housing and Leonard Williams Vice President for Operations Homelessness in Ohio Buffalo Municipal Housing Authority Columbus, OH Buffalo, NY La’Teashia Sykes Senior Outreach Associate NLIHC 2011 Advocates’ Guide to Housing and Community Development Policy Table of Contents About the Advocates’ Guide 1 NLIHC Policy Issues Agenda 2011 2 Housing Need 4 Housing Programs and Issues National Housing Trust Fund 6 The Budget and Appropriations Process 11 NLIHC Budget Chart for Select Housing Programs 14 Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing: Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 16 Balanced Housing Policy: Owning and Renting in U.S. Housing Policy 21 Capital Magnet Fund 27 Community Development Block Grant Program 29 Community Development Financial Institutions Fund 31 Community Reinvestment Act 34 Consolidated Plan 37 Continuum of Care Planning Process 42 The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010: Creating Protections Against Unfair and Deceptive Lending and Financial Services 44 Disaster Housing Programs 47 Earned Income Tax Credit 52 Emergency Food and Shelter Program 55 Fair Housing Programs 57 Family Self-Sufficiency 61 Family Unification Program 64 Family Violence Prevention and Services Act and the Violence Against Women Act 66 Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac 70 Farm Labor Housing (Section 514/516) 73 Federal Data Sources for Housing Advocacy 75 The Federal Home Loan Banks 82 Federal Housing Administration 85 Foreclosure Intervention: Protecting Homeowners 87 Foreclosure Intervention: Protecting Renters 90 Green Housing 93 Healthy Homes 97 HOME Investment Partnerships Program 102 Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Re-Housing 105 HOPE VI/Choice Neighborhoods Initiative 107 Housing as a Human Right 111 Housing Bonds 114 Housing Choice Vouchers 117 Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS 121 Housing Plus Services 123 Interagency Council on Homelessness 127 Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program 129 Low Income Housing Tax Credit 133 Manufactured Housing 137 McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Programs 140 Minimum Wage 143 Mortgage Interest Deduction 145 Moving to Work/Housing Innovation Program 149 Native American, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Housing Programs 153 Neighborhood Stabilization Program 156 NIMBYism: Overcoming Community Opposition to Affordable Housing 160 NLIHC 2011 Advocates’ Guide to Housing and Community Development Policy Project-Based Housing Assistance 164 Project-Based Housing: Preservation 167 Public Housing 170 Public Housing Agency Plan 174 Qualified Allocation Plan 178 Resident Participation in Federally Subsidized Housing 180 Rural Housing and Economic Development/Rural Innovation Fund 183 Second Chance Act 185 Section 3: Job Training, Employment and Business Opportunities Related to HUD Funding 187 Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly 191 Section 515 Rural Rental Housing 194 Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities 197 Self-Help Homeownership Opportunity Program 200 Service Coordinators in Multifamily Housing 202 State and Local Housing Trust Funds 205 Supplemental Security Income 209 Sustainable Communities and Livability Initiatives 211 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families 214 Ten-Year Plans to End Homelessness 217 Weatherization Assistance Program 219 Appendices Lobbying by 501(c)(3) Organizations 223 Lobbying and Advocacy Tips 225 Contacting Congress, the White House, and Federal Agencies 228 HUD Organizational Chart 229 White Houses Offices 230 Key Congressional Committees 231 List of Abbreviated Statutory References 234 Selected List of Major Housing and Housing-Related Laws 235 How Laws Are Made 236 Introduction to the Federal Regulatory Process 237 Freedom of Information Act 239 Board Advocacy Project 242 Glossary 243 Advocates’ Guide Authors 253 NLIHC Resources & Information NLIHC Direct Assistance Program 261 Accessing NLIHC Resources 262 NLIHC State Partners 264 NLIHC Membership Form 268 2011 Advocates’ Guide Feedback Form 269 About the Advocates’ Guide The National Low Income Housing Coalition’s 2011 Advocates’ Guide to Housing and Community Development Policy is 2011 Advocates’ Guide Staff intended to provide advocates, policymakers, students, and others with information on the most relevant housing and Editor: Amy Clark, Communications Director housing-related programs and issues at the federal level, as well as information related to the community planning Policy Editor: Linda Couch, Senior Vice President process. Each article provides basic information on a specific for Policy program or issue, and its current status. Where appropriate, advocates are provided talking points to assist in weighing Production: Sarah Brundage, Communications in on particular topics. The appendices serve as a guide to Associate the federal lawmaking and regulatory process and provide the kind of introductory information that can help anyone Production Assistance: Taylor Materio, become an effective housing advocate. Communications Consultant; April Walker, Communications Intern Articles in the Guide are current as of March 8, 2011. The Guide was compiled with the help of many This year’s Guide articles generally include information on of our partner organizations. We are deeply both the FY11 and FY12 budget processes. Advocates may grateful to each of the authors for their assistance; already be aware that the Congress has not passed a budget the Guide would not be possible without them. for FY11 and has instead passed a series of Continuing Several articles build on the work of authors from Resolutions to keep the government funded until such previous versions of the Guide, and we appreciate time as it passes a final FY11 budget. At the same time, the and acknowledge their contributions as well. Administration has released its FY12 budget proposal and Congress has begun debate. With new developments occurring in the budget process nearly every day, readers will want to stay up to date. We encourage advocates to join or Want to know which topics renew NLIHC membership in order to receive weekly updates on housing are on the NLIHC 2011 Policy policy through our newsletter, Memo to Members, as well as through regular Agenda? Look for the icon! Calls to Action. For your convenience, a membership form is located at the back of this guide and online at www.nlihc.org/join. Finally, the success of the Guide is dependent on its usefulness to our members and other housing advocates. Please take a moment to fill out and return the short survey at the back of the Guide to let us know how we 2011 are doing and what we can improve. POLICY AGENDA Thank you for your continued advocacy for the housing needs of the lowest income Americans. The 2011 Advocates’ Guide was underwritten by PNC. NLIHC is grateful for this support. National Low Income Housing Coalition 1 NLIHC Policy Issues Agenda 2011 NLIHC’s mission is to achieve socially just public policy that assures people with the lowest incomes in the United States have affordable and decent homes. Our goals to meet our mission are: (1) To preserve existing federally assisted homes and housing resources. (2) To expand the supply of low income