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Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Suriname

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Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Suriname 2013 State of the Art Diagnosis on Comprehensive Sexuality Education Final report Acknowledgements Conducting this study would not have been possible without the support and collaboration of many people in Suriname. We would like to express our gratitude to school leaders who took time out of their busy schedules and welcomed us into their schools. We also thank the representatives from national and international organizations that are active in the field of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE), and officials from the Ministry of Education and People's Development (MINOV), who provided detailed information on their various programs and activities. This study was commissioned by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Since its inception in 1969, UNFPA has been providing technical and financial support to numerous initiatives in the field of education in population, development and environment, family and sexuality. Under the UNFPA Strategic Plan 2012-2013, the Regional Programme for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has planned a series of actions aimed at contributing to the full exercise of the right of adolescents and youth in the region to live a fulfilling sexual life, healthy and free from discrimination. The present assessment was carried out behind the frame of supporting government to realize Universal Access to Comprehensive Sexuality Education for all young people. Opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UNFPA, MINOV or other institutions the authors are affiliated with. The authors are responsible for all errors in translation and interpretation. 2 Abbreviations ABS General Statistical Department (Algemeen Bureau voor de Statistiek) AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome BCC Behaviour Change Communication BEIP Basic Education Improvement Project BLS Basic Life Skills CARICOM Caribbean Community CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women COTMAR Cottica-Marowijne CSE Comprehensive Sexuality Education EBGS Moravian Church Suriname (Evangelische Broeder Gemeenschap Suriname) EC European Commission e.g. For example (exempli gratia) Est. Estimated FCI Family Care International, Inc. GLO General Primary Education (Gewoon Lager Onderwijs) HFLE Health and Family Life Education HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus ICPD International Conference on Population and Development IDB Inter-American Development Bank i.e. That is (id est.) Incl. Including or inclusive IOL Institute for the Education of Teachers (Instituut voor de Opleiding van Leraren) IPPF International Planned Parenthood Federation LAC Latin America and the Caribbean LBGO Lower Vocational Education (Lager Beroepsgericht Onderwijs) (old name) LBO Lower Vocational Education (Lager Beroeps Onderwijs) (new name) LGBT Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender MDG Millennium Development Goal M/F Male/Female MINOV Ministry of Education and People’s Development (Ministerie van Onderwijs en Volksontwikkeling) MOH Ministry of Health MSM Men who have Sex with Men MULO More Extensive Lower Education (Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs) MZ Medical Mission (Medische Zending) NAP National AIDS Programme NBCCS New Beginnings Consultancy and Counseling Services NGO Non Governmental Organization O.S. Public School (Openbare School) PHC Primary Health Care PLOS Planning and Development Cooperation, Ministry of PSI Population Services International PSM Project Student Mothers (Project Scholieren Moeders) PAHO Pan-American Health Organization 3 PEPFAR The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief RFSU Swedish Association for Sexuality Education RKBO Roman Catholic Special Education (Rooms Katholiek Bijzonder Onderwijs) SIECUS Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States SRD Suriname Dollar SRH Sexual and Reproductive Health SRHR Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights STI Sexually Transmitted Infection UNAIDS Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund UNFPA United Nations Population Fund US United States USD United States Dollar VOJ Continued Education Junior Level (Voortgezet Onderwijs op Junioren Niveau ) VVOB Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance (Vlaamse Vereniging voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking en Technische Bijstand) WHO World Health Organization WHR Western Hemisphere Region Inc. YAG Youth Advisory Group YAM Youth Advocacy Movement YABC Youth as Agents of Behavioural Change ZoCo Care coordinator (Zorg Coordinator) 4 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Table of tables ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Table of Figures ....................................................................................................................................... 7 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 8 2. Literature review ............................................................................................................................... 10 2.1 History of Comprehensive Sexuality Education in an international perspective ...................... 10 2.1.1 Sexuality Education up to the 1960s ................................................................................. 10 2.1.2 Trends in Sexuality Education since the 1960s ................................................................. 10 2.1.3 Teaching youth about sexuality today: an international perspective .............................. 11 2.2 International agreements, policies and meetings related to CSE ............................................. 13 2.3 UNFPA and CSE ......................................................................................................................... 16 2.4 Youth, sexuality and education in Suriname ............................................................................ 17 2.5 Sexual initiation ......................................................................................................................... 17 2.6 Adolescent pregnancies and motherhood ................................................................................ 18 2.7 Contraceptive prevalence and condom use among youth ....................................................... 19 2.8 STIs and HIV/AIDS among youth ............................................................................................... 20 2.9 Gender-based violence ............................................................................................................. 21 2.10 Role of the media in CSE ........................................................................................................... 21 2.11 Educational achievement of youth ........................................................................................... 21 2.12 Challenges and Gaps identified in existing literature ............................................................... 22 3. Methods ............................................................................................................................................ 25 4. Mapping of Organizations ................................................................................................................. 26 4.1 Government departments ........................................................................................................ 26 Department of Curriculum Development, Ministry of Education .................................................... 26 Basic Life Skills (BLS) program, Ministry of Education ...................................................................... 28 Basic Education Improvement Project (BEIP) ................................................................................... 29 Ministry of Health National AIDS Program, Ministry of Health ........................................................ 30 Project Scholieren Moeders (Project Student Mothers), Ministry of Sports and Youth Affairs ....... 30 Task Force Integral Children and Youth Policy (Task Force Integraal Kinder- en Jeugd Beleid) ....... 31 4.2 Foundations for Education ........................................................................................................ 33 Foundation Education EBGS (St. Onderwijs der EBGS) ..................................................................... 33 Foundation Roman Catholic Denominational Education (Stichting RKBO) ...................................... 34 4.3 International Organizations ...................................................................................................... 34 5 Progress ............................................................................................................................................. 34 United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) ........................................................................................ 36 Youth Advisory Group (YAG) of the UNFPA ...................................................................................... 38 UN MDG Youth Ambassadors Program ............................................................................................ 39
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