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The Magazine of the International Institute of Marine SurveyingInstitute the International Magazine of The an Millen Millen Ian

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to er Fleet Fleet Clipper THE REPORT THE We are able to arrange insurance cover for all types of marine and commercial risks in addition to This specialist marine surveyor’s the IIMS Surveyors Professional professional indemnity scheme has Indemnity Scheme. For further information about this scheme been set up specifically for members contact us by telephone on 01892 of the Institute and its benefits include: 724060 or fax 01892 724058 or email at [email protected] • Automatic £2 Million cover for third party death or Certain countries legislation may bodily injury under professional indemnity section require you to access our scheme • No claim discount scheme through a local broker. Our site • Cover for handling and operation of vessels available is located at www.matrix-ins.co.uk • Tools cover available • 365 days a year commercial advice helpline for UK Matrix Insurance Services Ltd is an independent business law excluding employment matters staffed insurance intermediary regulated by the by qualified barristers and solicitors Financial Services Authority (FSA registration • MCA Code of Practice and Boat Safety Scheme limits no: 439075) located at Matrix House, Orchard of liability available Business Park, Furnace Lane, Horsmonden, • Third Party Non-marine Liability extensions available Kent, TN12 8LX. The scheme is underwritten by • Low policy excess unless otherwise requested Travelers Underwriting Agency Ltd with 100% • Claims handled by professional claims staff security provided by Travelers Syndicate 5000.

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The ties are made was was of 100% silk and £9.00 £8.50 features the motif from the IIMS logo. Please visit iims.org.uk/ merchandise-sale/ to see the full availablity and how to purchase. THE REPORT The Magazine of the International Institute of Marine Surveying June 2015 • Issue 72

Cover Image: Henri Lloyd, Clipper 13-14 Race, Race 10 finish Contents San Francisco. Photograph by Abner Kingman 2014©

22 • IIMS’ new series ‘What A Marine surveyor needS 24 To know about... ’

24 • Preparing the Clipper fleet to sail

30 • An Introduction To Rust - Part 2

36 • Maritime surveillance and security - 41 04 • Editor’s Letter The Ian Millen Interview 05 • The President’s Column 41 • Surveying Large Crewed Yachts 06 • IIMS Organisation and Structure 46 • 15 marketing tips to help you win more clients 07 • Marine News 48 • Education, Part One - 13 • Members’ News what is Education?

17 • IIMS London 52 • London International Conference 2015 Shipping Week 2015

21 • SNSM: The French 54 • “Leadership” 36 naTIONAL ASSOCIATION a Rare Quality of RESCUE at SEA 56 • A day in the life of Zarir Irani

58 • Fifty Shades of Insurance: Chapter 5 The Insurance Act 2015 what the changes mean 22 for you...

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 3 Editor’s Letter

Dear Member first day is surely a reason to attend (Part II) concludes on page 30. the Conference? And to close out The subject of maritime security So just where does the time go? I that first day of Conference, we is never far from the news these cannot believe it is three months will dine aboard HMS Belfast, just a days it seems. With this in mind, we since I sat down to write my last stone’s throw from that most iconic interviewed Ian Millen from Dryad column. That is testament to the of structures, Tower Bridge. See Maritime, an organisation that is sheer amount of work that my page 17 for full details about the totally immersed in this subject. See colleagues and I are involved with Institute’s Conference. page 36 for some fascinating and at IIMS head office. It is busy. thoughtful reading. The IIMS is proud to be the coding Pleasingly there seem to have been Certifying Authority for the Two occasional articles make their a plethora of IIMS events organised Clipper fleet of round the world debut in this issue. The first is A day for 2015 - so many so that it is yachts, the brainchild of Sir Robin in the life of... We went in search of hard to keep pace with them! It Knox-Johnston, which is about to Zarir Irani, a future IIMS President, is rewarding to see the Institute celebrate its tenth edition. We enjoy to find out what he gets up to, only providing so many opportunities a close relationship with them. So I to discover he has a passion for for members to network, share invited the Clipper team to write an Harley Davidsons when he is not knowledge and learn new skills article for The Report, not so much working! Business tips and advice it around the globe. Read all about about the race itself, but more seems are always welcomed, so in the events in member news from to do with what it takes to keep this issue we kick off a new series page 13. Of course one of the these vessels in good order and fit with 15 marketing tips, an article highlights this year promises to for the gruelling and sometimes aimed to give you some simple and be the London Conference 2015 unforgiving challenges that lie practical advice to take into your being held in the Old Library at ahead. See pages 24 to 29. marine surveying business. the Lloyd’s of London building. And how fitting in such auspicious In the first part of an insightful Good luck surroundings to be able to welcome article by Capt Khalil Khan (pages 48 Capt Nick Sloane, who will speak to 52), he talks about the importance about his work leading the team of a good education before that carried out the parbuckling introducing readers to the vagaries project for the Costa Concordia, of the Pakistan education system. one of the most inspiring and Mike Schwarz exacting marine salvage projects Jeffrey Casciani-Wood’s technical Chief Executive Officer in history. His presentation on the article An introduction to rust International Institute of Marine Surveying

President: Capt Bertrand Apperry (FIIMS) Head OfficeT eam Vice President: Mr Adam Brancher (MIIMS) Mrs Jan Cox Membership Administrator Mrs Anne Liversedge Student Support Administrator Deputy Vice President: Capt Zarir Irani (FIIMS) Mrs Vicky Lawrence Financial Controller Miss Chloé Bruce Education Course Programme Administrator Chief Executive Officer: Mr Mike Schwarz Mr Craig Williams Graphic Designer Mrs Tania Bernice Certifying Authority Administrator Immediate Past President: Miss Sam Legg Administrator Mrs Hilary Excell Marine Surveying Academy Business Manager Capt Satish Anand (HonFIIMS)

Tel: +44 (0) 23 9238 5223 | Email: [email protected] | IIMS, Murrills House, 48 East Street, Portchester, Hampshire, PO16 9XS, UK | www.iims.org.uk © The International Institute of Marine Surveying 2015 - The Institute and authors accept no responsibility for any opinions, statements or errors made in any article, feature or letter published in this Magazine.

4 | The Report • June 2014 The President’s Column

Dear Member not happy to see anybody trying Rapidly the offshore industry has to modify its tradition and culture. evaluated that the intermal audits As you know, our Institute has an Today, after 20 years, the situation culture was the key to success excellent reputation worldwide is better while the mandatory while owner, client were the first and especially in UK where IMCA certification is still slowing down to ensure their own verification (International Marine Contractors the speed of progress inside an because they were never trusted Association) has recently contracted old culture of what I called the the flag certification. IIMS to run an accreditation scheme ‘minimum conformity culture’. for CMID inspections and audits. For them, in comparison to the I realised soon that the offshore regular sector, The basic management of safety in industry was a fantastic world to money and time spent to prepare the offshore industry, namely the improve the safety culture while and run a safety management ISM system, is the same as in the keeping the same efficiency in any system is always profitable. Finally, marine transport industry. part of the job: drilling, laying pipes, to get the flag ISM certificates is subsea works, stocking and treating a detail of the health, safety and As a pioneer in this domain, I will oil in huge floating FPSO and finally pollution prevention at work try to explain the improvement loading tankers. The ISM code management process. of the ISM implementation in the was finally embraced in this rapid offshore industry compared to our evolving industry (much more than Whilst focus is on the shoulders classic surveying world. Indeed in the rest of transport industry… of the people managing the the world of marine surveying in even the passengers transport SMS (DPA, safety officers and the offshore industry is not an easy sector where I came from)! masters essentially), the internal one. and offshore units are so audits have been carried out different from one to another and My first feeling was, this intelligently by suveyors acting as the old culture of flag certification industry has understood the an independant body. is still slowing down any effort poor conception of mandatory of modernisation of the safety certification but has rapidly see Today, some improvement is management culture. the advantage of self-assessment necessary and IIMS, a strong and continuous improvement group of experienced surveyors Like us, the offshore industry was which already exists in their own widespread all around the world, confronted with this legislation at philosophy of the business. Internal has been choosen to accredit these the time of the ISM implementation audits were rapidly the main part internal inspectors and auditors for process. As a result of some high of the ISM implementation. Their the best interest of both the IMCA profile disasters, such as the message was « we know our own and its members, and the clients of HERALD of FREE ENTREPRISE and business better than anybody the menbers at the same time ! the ESTONIA, the ISM process was else, we know that the major oil a re-birth of safety management companies will choose the best Good luck! in our marine industry and ones, so quality and excellence consequently not really welcomed via self assessment and self by the traditional world of maritime improvement will be our credo Capt Bertrand Apperry President tranport. Why ? Certainly because for this potentially fast growing International Institute of Marine Surveying this old industry was at that time business in the next decades! FMIIMS, AFEXMAR President ISM/ISPS specialist

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 5 IIMS Organisation & Structure

Directors of IIMS and Management Board Members Other Management Board Members Capt Allen Brink, Regional Director Capt John Noble, Chairman Administration Capt Bertrand Apperry, President Mr Paul Homer , Chairman Standards Capt Chris Kelly, Chairman Professional Assessment Committee Capt Paul Townsend, IMO Liaison Mr Fraser Noble, Chairman Certifying Authority & Finance Mr John Excell, Chairman of Small Craft Surveying Mr John Heath, Technical Response Team Mr Peter Morgan, Past President Mr Geoff Waddington, Chairman Education and Training Mr Adam Brancher, Vice President Capt Zarir Irani, Deputy Vice President, Regional Director

Capt Andrew Korek, Canada Eng. Dimitris Spanos, Eastern Mediterranean Mr Monday Ogadina, West Africa Capt Barry Thompson, New Zealand Mr Milind Tambe, India Capt Irawan Alwi, Regional Directors Capt K U R Khan, Pakistan Mr Zennon Cheng, China Capt Zillur Bhuiyan, Bangladesh

In-Country Representatives Mr J Renn, USA Capt G Villasenor, Mexico Mr J Bru, Panama Mr G Jugo, Venezuela Mr P Taylor, Trinidad Capt Eugene Curry, Ireland Capt F Habibi, Morocco Honorary Mr M Zukowski, Germany Fellowship Members Capt P Oyono, Cameroon Mr Paul Homer Mr A Gnecco, Italy Mr Peter Morgan Capt R Lanfranco, Malta Mr Barry Thompson Dr S Favro, Croatia Capt Allen Brink Mr J Rowles, Turkey Capt Christopher Spencer Mr P Ch Lagoussis, East Africa Capt Peter Lambert Mr R Rozar, Reunion & Mauritius Capt Satish Anand Mr P Broad, South Korea Eur Ing Jeffrey Casciani-Wood

Honorary Members Mr Hans van Bodegraven Mr Parthasarathy Sridharan Capt Matthew Greenen Ms Dee Davison Mr Hugo DuPlessis Dr Paula Giliker Mr Brian Williamson Capt Gopalkrishna Khanna Cdr Terry Lilley Capt Syed Khalid Humail Capt Ian Wilkins Capt Jens Andersen Mr Ian Nicolson Capt M P Karanjia Mr Jorge Sanidos Capt J.C. Anand Mr John Guy Mr Peter Clements Mr Ian Biles Dr David Lawrence Mr Anthony Beck Capt David Green Capt Rodger MacDonald Dr Satish Agnihotri Capt Andrew Cross Capt Jean Paul Le Coz Ms Evie Kinane

6 | The Report • June 20152014 • Issue 72 operating on distillates but Interwar yacht they also present several Caritas set for challenges of their own. restoration by G L Marine News Watson & Co Looking ahead, there are two key years: G L Watson & Co has New emissions passenger and 2016 and 2018. discovered one of the last complance guidance operators, have remaining large classic issued by Lloyd’s committed to fleet-wide Ships constructed after the interwar motor yachts. Register scrubber implementation 1st of January 2016 will Caritas is a fine example programmes. Early need to comply with NOx of a 1920’s Cox & Stevens With key dates looming adopters gain valuable Tier III when trading to US/ designed and Krupp built – 2016 NOx compliance operational experience Canada and we explore yacht and at 48m provides and a 2018 review of as well as a head start in some of the technological the last opportunity to fuel availability ahead both understanding the options. Other ECAs for save and restore a large of a global cap for SOx technology and realising NOx may be introduced significant high pedigree emissions, LR’s new any benefits. in the future affecting, interwar yacht. guidelines and updated however, only newly technical information In the majority of the constructed vessels. She has been long supports operators’ , and forgotten prior to being investment decisions container segments In 2018, IMO will publish discovered, and G L the uptake of scrubber a fuel availability study Watson & Co has found This new emissions technology remains slow. determining whether the her just in time to save guidance addresses With shorter periods global 0.50% sulphur limit her from being scrapped. operational and in- inside Emission Control will enter into force in service considerations Areas (ECAs), lower fuel 2020 or 2025. If it is 2020, The plan, according to G L reflecting further consumption (especially the implications will be Watson & Co, is following accumulated experience due to slow steaming) widespread: a possible restoration that Caritas from working closely and typically lower asset rapid uptake of scrubber should re-join her restored with clients, industry residual values, the technology (with a stablemates Dona Amelia groups and regulators. business case for installing question mark on whether (ex Haida) and Talitha G As well as a focus on scrubber technology on supply could cover the (ex Reveller). exhaust gas treatment deep sea tank, bulk or demand) and the potential (scrubbers) the guidance container ships is not, yet, for a dramatic increase in In her present state she also examines the wider either strong enough or operational costs for those is largely original with scope of options for SOx/ urgent enough. who choose to operate on timber decks, some NOx compliance beyond distillate fuels. interior panelling and exhaust gas treatment. The bunker price collapse no welded repairs. All during 2014 has been Whether LNG will make engines, pipework and Since an earlier version another factor. While the the leap from niche fuel wiring have been removed of this report was issued price difference between to mainstream is a big prior to her moving to her in 2012, early adopters of heavy fuel and distillates question. Early adopters current location. Restored the technology, mainly has remained relatively of LNG-as-fuel could start to modern superyacht constant, the seeing a real return on standards and regulations, fuel costs inside their investment and any her interior volume will ECAs have ‘LNG-ready’ ships may provide owner and guest Working together for a safer world reduced giving start converting to LNG- accommodation for 10 operators more fuelled, if and when the with a spacious main salon Your options for emissions compliance time to consider bunkering infrastructure and separate dining room Guidance for shipowners and operators on the Annex VI SOx and NOx regulations their options. develops sufficiently. on the main deck. The Recently, shade deck is large enough Understanding technology several The time for decisions is fast to provide ample space suppliers approaching. If in 2012 the for dining, lounging or have released industry needed to start entertaining outdoors, as new hybrid considering their options, well as storage for a motor fuel products today, in 2015, time is Launch, RIB and dinghies. for ECA running out. The compliance compliance. options are clear. Ship As is typical with American These are aimed operators need to evaluate yachts of the period, the to address the compliance strategies whole aft main deck is operational specific to their ships, shaded by an elegant risks of operation and risk criteria. sun awning creating a comfortable and private Lloyd’s Register has issued new emissions compliance guidance space for dining and

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 7 lounging above the yacht’s counter stern.

The current condition of Caritas makes her an ideal candidate for restoration in the same vein as Blue Bird, Nahlin and recently Malahne.

History: • Built in 1925 for J.P. Bartram, a New York sugar magnate. • Acquired by the Navy 1 December 1941. • Commissioned USS Garnet (PYc-15), Photo: www.glwatson.com 4 July 1942. • Decommissioned G L Watson & Co is set to restore Caritas, one of the last remaining large classic interwar motor yachts. 29 December 1945 at San Pedro, CA. Dimensions: Length: 47.7m, Beam: 7.8m, Draft: 2.9m, Displacement: 490GT

World’s first Fireworks will commence The vessels will operate maintains an extensive LNG powered immediately upon the on LNG, which will history of commercial containership christening and launch of significantly decrease shipbuilding. In the past set for launch the ship. The name of the emissions while increasing decade, NASSCO delivered ship will also be revealed fuel efficiency as compared eleven commercial ships On Saturday 18 April, during the ceremony. to conventionally-powered and currently has ten a special event took ships. Each LNG powered commercial ships in its place in San Diego to to As part of a two ship containership will also backlog, including the two christen and launch the contract signed in include a ballast water Marlin Class containerships world’s first LNG powered 2012 with TOTE, when treatment system, making for TOTE. For its commercial containership built by completed the 764 them the greenest ships of work, NASSCO partners General Dynamics NASSCO foot long Marlin class their size anywhere in the with South Korean for TOTE. containerships will be the world it is said. shipbuilding power, DSME, largest dry cargo ships for access to state-of- The ship’s sponsor, Mrs of any kind in the world General Dynamics the-art ship design and Sophie Sacco, the wife of powered by liquefied NASSCO is the only shipbuilding technologies. Michael Sacco, president of natural gas (LNG). The major shipyard on the the Seafarers International Marlins are expected to West Coast of the United TOTE is a leading Union of North America, formally enter service States conducting new transportation and logistics AFL CIO will christen the from late 2015 and will construction and repair. company, overseeing ship with a traditional operate from the port in some of the most trusted champagne bottle break Jacksonville, Florida. As a complement to companies in the US. TOTE over the ship’s hull. its government new Maritime companies Totem construction business Ocean Trailer Express The world’s first LNG powered containership built by General Dynamics NASSCO. segment, NASSCO and Sea Star Line bring unmatched reliability and service to the Alaska and Puerto Rico markets. TOTE Services offers crewing and technical services to meet the needs of commercial, privately owned and US Government vessels. Carlile Transportation ensures freight arrives in perfect condition to some of the world’s most challenging destinations. TOTE is a Photo: www.worldmaritimenews.com Saltchuk company.

8 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 One coastal tanker hijacked every two weeks reveals Inter- national Maritime Bureau report

A small coastal tanker is hijacked by pirates in South East Asia every two weeks on average, a report from the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Maritime Bureau (IMB) has revealed.

South East Asia accounts for 55% of the world’s 54 piracy and armed robbery could increase if left Bureau Piracy Report & Analysis to 2014 – 2020?, incidents since the start of unabated,” said Pottengal shows zero incidents for the marine propeller market 2015. After a steady drop Mukundan, Director of Somalia in the first quarter is estimated to be valued in global piracy over the the International Maritime of 2015. However, it advises $3.67 Billion by the end of last few years, attacks rose Bureau, which has been shipmasters to follow the 2015. It is projected grow 10% in the first quarter of monitoring world piracy industry’s Best Management to $5.94 Billion by 2020 2015 on the same period since 1991. Practices, as the threat of at a CAGR of 10.07%. The of 2014. Worldwide, pirates Somali piracy has not been key challenge faced by the took 140 hostages in the Malaysian authorities totally eliminated. marine propeller market first three months of 2015, have detained one gang is that the life cycle of a three times as many as of hijackers now awaiting propeller is fairly high and during the same period trial. The International Marine propeller hence replacement occurs in 2014. A total of 13 Maritime Bureau has market worth $5.94 after considerable amount seafarers were assaulted commended this action billion by 2020 says of time. and three injured. and calls for a stronger, research coordinated regional APAC accounts a significant In West Africa, a hotspot for response to clamp down According to a new market share in the marine violent piracy, one man was on piracy in South East research “Marine Propellers propeller market. Europe killed in the hijacking of a Asian waters. Market by Number of Blades is projected to witness off Ghana. (3, 4, 5), Type (Controllable a strong growth due to Five crew members were The country with the Pitch Propeller and Fixed the increase in trade kidnapped by Nigerian highest number of attacks Pitch Propeller), Application and services in countries pirates in two separate is Indonesia, accounting (Ship-Defense and Merchant, such as Germany, Turkey, incidents in addition to a for almost 40% of 2015 Boat-Inboard Engine and UK. Technological small product tanker being attacks, with two vessels and Outboard Engine, advancements in the reported hijacked. hijacked and 19 vessels Underwater Vehicles- marine propeller market boarded. IMB reports that Submarine and Unmanned), are estimated to increase IMB has recorded 23 ship the overwhelming majority Material (Aluminum, the demand, hence driving hijackings in South East of incidents are low-level, Bronze and Stainless Steel) the marine propeller Asia since April 2014, with opportunistic thefts, – Global Forecasts, Trends market by 2020. six taking place in the although the attackers here last three months. Most are usually armed with are carried out by armed knives, machetes or guns. gangs targeting small coastal tankers to steal With eight reports in the their cargoes of fuel. Five past three months alone, tankers and an offshore Vietnam has seen an tug have been hijacked in increase in armed robbery the first quarter. incidents. More and more thieves are breaking into “The frequency of these ships at anchor in and hijackings in South East around Hai Phong and Asia is an increasing Vung Tau. cause for concern. There’s a risk that the Somali piracy kept at bay Latest research suggests that the marine propeller market attacks and violence The International Maritime will be worth $5.94 billion by 2020

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 9 The heavy weights of Wärtsilä launches Wärtsilä design as no special Carriage of bauxite the propellers have new AHTS vessel design electrical skills are necessary. cargoes and significantly reduced liquefaction risks the demand for certain A new AHTS vessel design “Wärtsilä has an impressive propellers made with has been launched by track record and extensive The potential liquefaction aluminum or bronze. Wärtsilä at this year’s Sea experience in producing of bauxite cargoes has been The increase in new ship Asia exhibition. The focus efficient AHTS vessel the subject of a number building is expected to of the new design is on designs, all of which industry bulletins in recent contribute to the growth simplicity, efficiency, low fuel are based on proven years. These concerns have of this market, globally. consumption and a reduced technology and the been renewed following the environmental impact. utilisation of high quality recent sinking of the bulk The market is segmented equipment. As a result, our carrier Bulk Jupiter, which on the basis of the number The equipment solutions ship designs consistently was reportedly carrying of blades, type, application, are suitable for a medium set new standards in 46,400 MT of bauxite loaded and by materials. The to large size AHTS vessel, terms of efficiency at Kuantan in Malaysia. competitive landscape where one of the key and environmental includes an analysis of the components is a 2-speed sustainability. Our unique Writing in the April issue market share of the leading gearbox system selected expertise, knowledge, and of the London P&I Club’s companies in the marine to meet the design targets global support are the bulletin StopLoss, Dr propeller market. The report of reduced costs and keys to maximizing the Martin Jonas, Brookes Bell includes analyses of the less complexity without profits and asset values of LLP, Liverpool, makes the impact of the main drivers compromising operational our customers,” says Riku- following observations. and restraints country- safety. Wärtsilä estimates Pekka Hägg, Vice President, wise, and region-wise to that the new design Wärtsilä Ship Design Similar to other give better insight into the provides a reduction of unprocessed ores, such as marine propeller market. 20 to 25 percent in fuel The new Wärtsilä series iron ore fines and nickel Industry and market consumption compared of AHTS vessel designs ore, grades of bauxite that trends have also been to conventional diesel features Bollard Pull options contain a high proportion highlighted, which would mechanical four engine of 180 tonnes, with options of fines capable of retaining provide competitive market solutions. The exhaust for 150 or 220 tonnes, and significant moisture intelligence to utilize emissions are reduced a hybrid propulsion system are potentially at risk of business opportunities. accordingly. with a 2-speed gearbox. liquefaction, resulting in They are fully compliant cargo shift which may The analysis of key players The hybrid 2-speed gearbox with ABS and the latest cause the capsizing of includes companies PTI (Power Take In) solution SOLAS regulations. the carrying ship. Such such as Hyundai Heavy ensures a seamless transfer cargoes are classed as Industries Co. Ltd (South from one operational Wärtsilä has more than 50 Group A cargoes under Korea), Rolls-Royce mode to another, with the years of experience in ship the International Maritime Holdings (UK), Mitsubishi ability to work efficiently design. The company’s Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Heavy Industries, in all operational modes. global capability combines Code and should only be Ltd. (Japan), Man Se When changing propeller sophisticated European loaded if their moisture Corporation (Germany) and speeds, the arrangement ship design with an Asian content is less than their Caterpillar Inc. (US). produces no loss in PTO cost saving structure. The transportable moisture (Power Take Off) power. result is a new generation limit (TML). Bauxite with The focus of the new Wärtsilä Crew requirements need of ships that deliver high high levels of fines appears AHTS vessel design is on simplicity, not change to operate performance plus significant to be particularly common efficiency, low fuel consumption, and vessels featuring the new fuel and cost savings. in Indonesia and Malaysia, a reduced environmental impact. but has also een reported from other origins, Image: www.wartsila.com including Guyana and Brazil.

As the IMSBC Code does not explicitly identify bauxite as a potential Group A cargo, shippers may wrongly declare Group A bauxite as Group C, and may not provide the required TML and moisture certification. Members should be alert to potentially misdeclared bauxite cargoes.

10 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Section 8 of the IMSBC Code. under the swim platform, Depending on its particle Development of a flat surface with testing without the Hull size distribution, bulk signs of free moisture (glistening Vane was not possible. bauxite may be either a or shiny surface) is indicative of a Group A cargo or a Group flow state and thus a “fail”. C cargo. However, the only cargo listed in the IMSBC 4. In the event of failed Code is Group C bauxite. can tests or the presence of This existing schedule is splatter marks on the bulkheads potentially misleading, and/or pools of free water, as compliance with the the Club’s advice would be to size criteria given in the suspend loading until the cargo Code is not sufficient has been properly tested for flow to demonstrate that a characteristics in particular grade of bauxite Photo: www.hullvane.com a laboratory. is a Group C cargo. In the absence of a Group A Motoryacht Alive, recently delivered by bauxite schedule in the 5. Because of the presence of very First superyacht Heesen Yachts, is the first superyacht IMSBC Code, it should not large lumps in some cargoes of to be fitted with equipped with a Hull Vane. be assumed that all bauxite bauxite, flow testing using the a Hull Vane cargoes are Group C. methods listed in the IMSBC Code is potentially difficult. The The 42 metre In July 2014, such back- In view of the potential penetration test method for displacement motoryacht to-back comparison trials risks of carrying mis- determining the TML of mineral Alive, recently delivered were done on a 55 m Fast declared Group A cargoes is suitable for materials by Heesen Yachts in the Supply Intervention Vessel, bauxite, the Club containing particles up to 25mm, Netherlands, is the first confirming the predicted makes the following and is therefore more likely to be luxury yacht equipped fuel savings for that vessel recommendations applicable than the more common with a Hull Vane. After a of 10% at 12 knots up to those considering flow table method. 30m passenger catamaran to 15% at 21 knots. The carrying bauxite: and a 55m offshore speed trials on MY Alive supply vessel, MY Alive did however correspond 6. In cases where laboratory flow 1. Group C bauxite consists represents the third full exactly with the predicted testing cannot be carried out, or predominantly of large lumps scale application of the resistance curve using is inconclusive, and pending the and will not have the appearance fuel saving device called computational fluid approval by IMO of suitable size of slurry or mud even when Hull Vane. Full scale test dynamics (CFD) software criteria specifically for bauxite, wet. Because of the coarse results have proven fuel and model tests, which the criteria recently introduced particle size, these cargoes can savings averaging 20% in showed that the Hull Vane by IMO for iron ore fines may be only retain limited quantities of the yacht’s useful speed reduces the resistance by a useful guide to assess which water. Any cargoes that possess range (12-16 knots). 20% at cruising speed. bauxite cargoes are likely to be flow properties when wet, With her pair of 1.080 kW Group A and which are likely to be e.g. a mud-like or slurry-like Even without Hull main engines, MY Alive Group C. Under the forthcoming appearance, or that contain a Vane, the hull shape reaches a top speed well iron ore fines schedule (see high proportion of fine particles, of MY Alive is very fuel over 16 knots. IMO circular DSC.1/Circ.71 of 15 should be considered as Group efficient, as it is base d November 2013), Group A cargoes A. These cargoes may or may on the Fast Displacement As the Hull Vane was contain more than 50% particles not be visibly wet at the time of Hull Form (FDHF) from incorporated into the below 10mm and more than loading, but in any case require Van Oossanen Naval design of MY Alive from 10% particles below 1mm in size. representative sampling prior to Architects, the company the beginning, it already While these size proportions have loading to determine the TML and where the Hull Vane saved money and space IMO approval at present only for the moisture content. was originally invented. during the build: smaller iron ore fines, they may be useful Model tests at the main engines could be in resolving potential loadport Wolfson Unit showed installed for the same top 2. Any wet or damp cargoes that disputes concerning the correct unprecedented fuel speed and smaller fuel appear on visual inspection to categorisation of bauxite cargoes. economy for a yacht of tanks to achieve the same contain a significant proportion of these dimensions – and transatlantic range. The fine particles should be tested for 7. Group A bauxite cargoes should this was later confirmed Hull Vane is a particularly flow properties prior to loading, only be loaded with prior at sea. attractive option for even if shippers have declared authorisation from the applicable newbuilds, especially large them as Group C. Competent Authority, and in In November 2014, MY yachts, fast commercial compliance with the detailed Alive was put to the test ships and naval vessels, 3. The Master, Officers and Crew IMSBC Code regulations for the during sea trials on the as the cost savings on should conduct frequent and sampling, testing and declaration North Sea. As the Hull Vane the main engines often regular cantesting in accordance of Group A cargoes. on MY Alive is integrated outweigh the cost of the with the method set out in into the construction Hull Vane. So for roughly

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 11 the same overall build cost, a ship can be built Photo: www.ncl.ac.uk with more usable interior volume, significantly lower fuel consumption and better seakeeping in waves.

The main working principle of the Hull Vane is forward thrust: the hydrofoil generates a lift force in the upward flow under the aft ship. As this lift force is angled forward, a net forward thrust force is developed. The Hull Vane sometimes has been called “the bulbous bow of the stern” as it also reduces the stern wave created by the The RNLI has 130 all-weather vessel and therefore the lifeboats in service. “When the RNLI lifeboats operators and maintainers. energy put into the wave travel at speed and in rough system. Due to the vertical seas, they can be subject Holly Phillips, Principal Naval lift, the running trim is also and full size trials to analyse to frequent and significant Architect at the RNLI, said: influenced beneficially. As the behaviour of lifeboats slamming as the boat the Hull Vane dampens at a range of speeds and crashes against the waves. “The ability of the crew to the pitching, rolling and in varying conditions, the operate safely and efficiently yawing movements, the findings will inform new Measuring these forces and has always been one of savings percentage is design specifications around the resulting impact on the our major design drivers. higher when sailing in speed, safety and efficiency. vessel is crucial in order to We expect that the design waves, because the added design a craft that is capable improvements will contribute resistance from ship Richard Birmingham, of withstanding the loads to increase the performance motions is reduced. Professor of Small Craft experienced during rescue of the crafts as well as the Design in Newcastle operations. That is what safety of our crews.” University’s School of we are setting out to do – New RNLI lifeboats Marine Science and using the latest technology The study is also supported to be designed by Technology and the and equipment here at by Lloyds’ Register Newcastle University Principal Investigator on Newcastle University.” (Marine), a leading global students the project, explained: maritime classification Today, the all-weather RNLI society and engineering The approach to the “The ability to safely lifeboats are still expected consultancy provider. They design of all-weather perform at high speed and to perform in the most will bring some of that RNLI lifeboats is set for a in extreme conditions is extreme conditions, With a experience to the table, re-evaluation as part of not only imperative for range of 100 nautical miles as a third party adviser a major study being led the safety of the volunteer from the coast. and peer reviewer, and by Newcastle University crew but also has a direct assisting the team draw up and the RNLI with support effect on the efficiency and Restrictions to the new guidelines. from Lloyds’ Register. Set reliability of the search and allowable speed for a given up to explore how new rescue service. sea state are due to the Jesus Mediavilla Varas, Lead technology, materials and balancing requirements Specialist at LR’s Strategic approaches can be used Designing a boat that of optimum weight Research and Technology to improve the design, is capable of travelling and structural strength Policy Group, added: operation and maintenance safely at greater speed and together with the available practice of the RNLI’s under the most extreme propulsive power, the “Lloyd’s Register has been Severn Class lifeboat, conditions, means a better equipment functionality committed to improving the four-year project response to emergency call- and the crew endurance the safety standards of will help to improve the outs and less transit time to and safety. The project operation of vessels at sea performance of the craft reach the casualty.” seeks to provide a set of for more than 250 years. This while providing the safest guidelines embedding project will help to de-risk possible environment for Project lead Federico all these limiting criteria. the operation of lifeboats, the RNLI’s volunteer crews. Prini, research associate Guidelines that will be by improving the current at Newcastle University’s tailored to the needs of knowledge, and potentially Using computer models, School of Marine Science the RNLI’s design team as contribute to further improve small scale experiments and Technology, adds: well as those of lifeboat our special craft rules.”

12 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Day 2 IMS London Conference 2015 By 08.00 assemble on wharf Members’ News for practical demonstration The schedule for the of compass adjustment IIMS London Conference, (exact location to be which is taking place on The IIMS has a number 10.35-11.00 advised the previous day). 7/8 September, has been of events that are either Keynote: Mike Schwarz finalised. There is a detailed coming soon, or have CEO IIMS 2015 Update 08.00-09.15 article about the event recently taken place. Here Compass adjustments: itself, the speakers and is a round up of some of 11.05-11.50 Theory and practice on their topics in this issue. those that are scheduled Non-destructive evaluation vessel by Capt Peter Turn to page 17 to read to take place in the coming techniques and tools for Lambert FIIMS the full details and to find weeks and months, marine surveys (hands on out how to reserve your followed by a report on demos available throughout 09.30-10.15 place at what promises to those that have already day 1) by Russell Fraser Keynote: be an excellent and most happened since the last Professor Gary Wittert, worthwhile Conference. issue of The Report. 11.55-12.30 University of Adelaide Mr Bob Miller, CEO AFMA Men’s Health Issues Forthcoming events... ‘Seafarer Training in Australia’ “Marine 10.45-11.15 SURVEYING IIMS Australia 13.35-14.20 Surveyors role in Safety two day workshop Becoming an AMSA management systems - TODAY” Accredited domestic Wes Oswin AMSA Although the event is commercial vessel surveyor - almost upon us, there is Team Leader Surveyor 11.20-11.50 still time for latecomers Accreditation - AMSA Human Elements - to reserve their place at risk, fatigue, bridge what promises to be an 14.25-15.05 management and the engaging couple of days Kevin Jones, Director surveyor- AMC of debate, discussion and South Australia Maritime learning. The workshop is Museum: ‘The challenges 11.55-12.30 IIMS SCWG ‘Super’ taking place on Thursday of keeping volunteer run Final Workshop training day 18 and Friday 19 June heritage vessels in survey Open Forum 2015. The venue is the and operation’ After the success of the Australian Fisheries and 12.30-12.45 small craft working group Maritime Academy at Port 15.15-16.15 Final Remarks and Close - meeting in March, the Adelaide and the theme of Running a survey business CEO IIMS & Australian team is working hard to the workshop is: ‘Marine in Australia in 2015 and into Branch Committee put together a full on Surveying 2015-2020. the future: opportunities, day of surveyor training Change and Challenge.’ problems and challenges. Workshop cost aimed solely at small craft Invited panel and workshop The workshop cost is $100 surveyors later this year. DAY 1 with Q&A’s per person for members The date for your diary of IIMS. Members of AIMS, is Monday 5 October at 09.30-10.30 16.15-17.15 RINA and IMAREst are able Portchester Sailing Club. Registration and coffee/ Branch AGM. Members and to attend at the same cost. networking prospective members may Non-members cost is $120 At the time of going attend. Separate agenda per person. This includes to press, a number of 10.30-10.35 will be supplied. Branch attendance, refreshment and speakers and presenters Welcome to country and positions will be discussed lunches both days. A limited have been confirmed. welcome to the workshop as will finances, strategy number of student places Topics that will be covered by CEO IIMS and Chair IIMS and future activities. Your are available. Please contact during the day include, Australia Branch chance to have your say. the organiser for details. gas installations, smart marketing for marine surveyors, ultrasonic To reserve your place at the workshop: Places are limited so please do not thickness gauges (new delay in booking. Bookings and queries can be directed to Karin Powell by product), electrical email at [email protected]. Telephone: 0411 157 985 installations, paint and coatings and insurance CPD: This event counts as a maximum 5 points and certificates will be issued matters. to all attending. Dress: Dress will be casual for the workshop and the dinner. It’s the start of Tritex NDT has agreed to winter so expect about 20 degrees during the day and about 10 degrees at night. sponsor the event and our thanks go to them.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 13 The 4th Biennial IIMS UAE Branch The agenda for this event Conference 2015: ‘Marine Loss looked rather different to Prevention and Warranty’. previous ones and this was perhaps reflected by the numbers who turned up, in what was the largest such gathering for some considerable time. The aim of the day was to mix some presentations about business management skills with more specific surveyor training, including report writing, and judging The two day conference, “Available Tools and Technologies’, was held at the from the feedback received Maritime Institute of Technology & Graduate Studies in Linthicum, Baltimore. at the end of the day, the format worked for the vast IIMS North American the afternoon, delegates majority of delegates. Conference success heard about ‘Sound and 4th Biennial Vibration Reduction IIMS UAE Branch Some of the verbatim James ‘Randy’Renn, Technology’. There was also Conference 2015 comments written by those the IIMS in-country a useful session on ‘Tools who attended the day were: representative for and measurements. Work Capt Zarir Irani and the America, reported a good Place and Accommodation committee are putting Very interesting and all of conference was held in Space Db measurements. together the finishing good use April. Around 30 marine Tools for Electronic Engines touches for the 4th surveyors turned up for Plug and Analyze – Rinda. Biennial IIMS UAE Branch Really useful and I’d like the two day Conference, Use of the “Ideal” Hand Conference 2015 which to see an IIMS head office which was themed Held Test Instrument, will take place on 24 and update at every meeting “Available Tools and HIOKI meter. Refractometer 25 November. The theme Good fun learnt a lot Technologies’ and held at for Antifreeze, Sodium of this two day conference the Maritime Institute of Detection, Enclosed Space is: ‘Marine Loss Prevention Very good enjoyed the Technology & Graduate Gas Detectors’. and Warranty’. Keep an whole day Studies in Linthicum, eye open for the finished Baltimore, Maryland. All in all the two day speaker list coming soon. The report writing practical conference was a great group exercise was The opening day started success and many thanks particularly interesting with a presentation on are due to the presenters IIMS SCWG training ‘Modern fuels condition, and speakers for thoughtful day Portchester Very good content with filtration, testing and and insightful content. many useful tips polishing’. Next up was A group of nearly 30 ‘Thermography. Where small craft surveyors (the Generally fit for purpose! we are, what is the latest’. Western majority members of IIMS) After lunch delegates were Mediterranean met at Portchester Sailing introduced to the subject SCWG training day Club on Monday 23 March Nearly 30 small craft surveyors of “Solar Sails”. Also on for the first Small Craft (including some non-members) the first day’s agenda as a A group of IIMS members Working Group training slow given by BYK Gardner and non members met for a training day at the day of the year. on ‘Test equipment for assembled for what turned Portchester Sailing Club. Yacht finish clarity, density, out to be a full on day at the luster, etc. which has been IIMS Western Mediterranean standardized per ISO’. Small Craft Working Group training day, held at the An early start on day two Palma Superyacht show. saw the first presentation delivered entitled The day began with a ‘Compliance with wash couple of presentations by water runoff and methods IIMS CEO, Mike Schwarz, of filtration. Vessel given in an outdoor cleaning restrictions, Ship location within the show Yard, and Vessel itself. This attracted an responsibility overview audience of 40 people, per statue mandates’. which apart from member Electrical Surveys were surveyors, included next on the agenda. In representatives from

14 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Certifying Authority training day

On 13 May, a group of 20 IIMS members and non members, including IIMS MCA coding and non coding surveyors, gathered at Trafalgar Wharf, Portchester on a beautifully sunny day for one of the two annual training days The Association of Marine Surveyors of British Columbia is to amalgamate with that are provided by the IIMS to form IIMS BC, the British Certifying Authority. Columbia chapter of IIMS Canada. Commenting on the news, The IIMS Western Mediterranean The theme of this Richard Smith, President Small Craft Working Group Certifying Authority AMSBC to amalgamate of AMSBC said, “Looking to training day was held at the Palma training day was stability, with the IIMS the future I am convinced Superyacht show in Majorca. stability, stablity. The that this will prove to first class training, which At a recent meeting of the be a very positive and insurance companies, refit was provided by IIMS CA International Institute of beneficial move for both yards and yacht brokers. Committee members, Marine Surveying’s (IIMS) our members and the Mike spoke about the Fraser Noble (Chairman) management board in profession at large here in activities of the institute, and John Excell, included Portchester UK, it was British Columbia.” operating in three core an inclining experiment unanimously agreed markets as a membership followed by a heel test on to accept the proposal “Our access to an organisation, an educator a small fishing vessel and from the Association of association with a sizeable and a certifying authority. finally a heel test on a RIB. Marine Surveyors of British realm of national and He also explained the Columbia (AMSBC) to international knowledge benefits of membership The three exercises were amalgamate and form IIMS combined with the and talked about the filmed and the IIMS will BC, the British Columbia considerable educational values of engaging an IIMS soon be making these chapter of IIMS Canada. The resources that will now be member surveyor. videos available to realisation of IIMS BC and available to us will be of members via its YouTube IIMS Canada is the result of great value and help us to Members met up again channel for all to see and much due diligence work elevate the status of our after lunch at a nearby learn from as a training aid. behind the scenes. profession and thus the lecture room for the level of service that we afternoon training session. The theme of the Certifying Authority training held at Trafalgar Wharf, will bring to the marine Ken Hickling, Superyacht Portchester on 13 May was stability, stability, stablity. The training day industry in BC.” Business Development included an inclining experiment followed by a heel test on a small fishing Manager for AkzoNobel, vessel and finally a heel test on a RIB. Richard went on to formally spoke eloquently on the thank the Amalgamation topic of ‘Lessons learned Committee, and in from superyachts’ with particular Tim Ellis and Capt particular reference Andrew Korek, for all their to the coatings aspect efforts in helping bring this and the paint job. project to fruition. Charles Whitehead from Electromarine Balear talked Speaking on behalf of about ‘Electrical control the IIMS, Mike Schwarz, systems from digital Chief Executive Officer, switching to CAN BUS’. As a said, “I am delighted that bonus, Tom Bettle came to we have been able to complete the afternoon by facilitate and agree the giving a short presentation amalgamation between on a new service just our two organisations and launched by Clipper look forward to welcoming Venures plc called Clipper AMSBC members into the Telemed. IIMS family.

Thanks are due to John “I am most grateful to Walker locally for pulling those involved in British together much of the Columbia, who have day’s events. worked tirelessly to make

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 15 this a reality. Capt Andrew The speaker panel is: Kelly Tolhurst , an IIMS member, is Korek (who will become Commercial - Captain Ian now also the Conservative Member Regional Director of IIMS Odd and Alan Bloor. of Parliament for the Rochester & Canada) and I have already Leisure – Geoff Waddington Strood constituency. forged a close working relationship and I look This joint meeting will be in forward to developing the form of a panel discus- things further in the sion to demonstrate the coming months.” approaches taken by sur- veyors and the reaction by There is a formal gathering those surveyed in the small planned on 8 July in (leisure) craft and larger Vancouver to announce and (commercial) ship sectors. mark the amalgamation. The presentations will be given alongside the quay in the heart of the show. Officials stand down Free to attend Seawork seminars The Small Craft Surveyors The IIMS would like to Forum seminar starts at acknowledge the work of Seawork International 13.30hrs and concludes two member surveyors at Southampton, which at 17.00 hrs. The theme who have stood down IIMS member elected takes place from 16-18 is “Workboats and from office in the past few as a UK Member of June 2015, is the largest Surveyors”. The final weeks. Geoff Waddington Parliament international commercial line up of speakers is to has relinquished the marine and workboat be confirmed, but it is position of Education At the recent General exhibition and conference anticipated a member of Committee Chairman Election held May in held in a European working the MCA’s team will be on to be replaced by Capt the UK, IIMS member, port environment. hand to present one year John Noble. Tony McGrail Kelly Tolhurst, won a on from the revised Code. has stood down from handsome victory and The IIMS is involved in This will be followed by the Certifying Authority is now the Conservative helping to organise several the topic of workboats in committee. The IIMS would Member of Parliament presentations that are open windfarm support. The like to thank them for the for the Rochester & for anyone to attend free of final presentation of this considerable effort they Strood constituency charge and will take place session will cover workboat have put in to the Institute with a majority of over on Wednesday 17 June. development and will be over the years. 7,000. Kelly Tolhurst and delivered by the RNLI. the Conservative party Unlike in previous exacted revenge on years, the conference Moving on to the next Gold Coast Marine defector Mark Reckless location at the show has session, the IIMS has Expo and Sanctuary by re-taking the seat been changed. These joined up with the Cove Boat Show he handed over to presentations will be given Southern Branch of the UKIP at a by-election aboard the ‘Ocean Scene’ Nautical Institute to The Gold Coast Marine in 2014. Mr Reckless which will be moored up run an one hour long Expo and Sanctuary Cove had represented the alongside the quay in the presentation from 17.00 Boat Show (21 to 24th May Kent constituency for heart of the show itself by hrs to 18.00 on the same 2015) Brisbane Australia the Conservatives from the catering area. day at the same location – had over 3 kilometres 2010 until switching again on a complimentary of displays and boats. allegiance to UKIP and basis. The theme is “The Pictured below is Sergio beating Kelly Tolhurst surveyor and the surveyed Testa, Peter Pope and Peter at last November’s – on board interaction”. Kidd, three IIMS members by-election. who attended the show. Speaking after her win, a delighted Kelly Tolhurst said: ‘The economy comes first making the country able to move forward with stability.’

All involved with the IIMS wish Kelly a long and fruitful career as an MP.

The Seawork International workboat Three IIMS members who attended exhibition at Southampton, will take the show were Sergio Testa, Peter place from 16-18 June 2015 this year. Pope and Peter Kidd.

16 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 The International Institute of Marine Surveying London Conference Monday 7 & Tuesday 8 2015 September 2015 “Marine SURVEYING TODAY”

Venue: The Old Library at Lloyd’s in the heart of the city of London reasons 7to come to the IIMS London Conference 2015 • Network with fellow marine professionals in the surveying business Iconic venue • Listen to keynote speakers • Soak up the atmosphere of the Old for the Conference Library and later aboard HMS Belfast The IIMS London Conference 2015 will take place on 7-8 • Enjoy the delights of London, one of September in the historic setting of the Old Library within the the most vibrant cities in the world Lloyd’s of London building. • Move on from the Conference to take in London Shipping week The modern Lloyd’s building at 1 Lime Street incorporates the Old Library into the more recent structure. Lloyd’s stands • More than 15 presentations to enjoy out as one of the most unique landmarks within the London and learn from over two days skyline. But the Old Library (built in the 1920’s) elegantly • Gain 5 valuable CPD points too complements the traditional with the modern architecture. S ponsors At this stage, DGS Marine Group are the lead sponsor with Constellation Marine Services are confirmed as a headline sponsor.

SYNERGIA

Confirmed supporting partners are Matrix Insurance, Cygnus Instruments and Synergia.

TM

Independence and Experience in Surveying

Dinner aboard

HMS Belfast About the venue Built by Messrs Harland & Wolff of Belfast in 1936, Belfast was The Conference dinner will take place launched on St Patrick’s Day 1938. Designed for the protection aboard the historic HMS Belfast, which of trade and offensive action she was immediately called into is moored in the River Thames adjacent service patrolling the northern waters in efforts to impose a to Tower Bridge. The ship is about 10 maritime blockade on Germany. minutes’ walk from the Lloyd’s building. After the Second World War HMS Belfast played an active role 18.30 The ship will be open for delegates in the Korean War from 1950-1952. Her final years were spent so they can walk around the performing peace-keeping duties until she was retired from museum and vessel service in 1963. 19.15 Drinks reception onboard 19.45 Guests seated for dinner Today HMS Belfast is the last remaining vessel of her type – 23.0018 | The Carriages Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 one of the largest and most powerful light cruisers ever built. Confirmedspeakers and topics* over the two days: D 08:30 hrs Registration

ay *The Institute reserves the right 09:20 hrs Opening remarks to change the programme

1,M onday 09:25 hrs Welcome by the IIMS President - Capt Bertrand Apperry content and speakers. Session 1 09:30 hrs Mike Schwarz: An overview of IIMS activities and initiatives 09.50 hrs Chris Baldwin: Why accreditation and standards matter 10:10 hrs Ken Hickling: This Boat needs painting! How the survey can help outline the alternatives 10.50 hrs Coffee Session 2 11:10 hrs DGS Marine Group (topic to be confirmed) 11:40 hrs Uday Moorthi: The marine surveyor’s role in new build supervision 12:10 hrs David Lawrence: Lloyd’s Open Form and the role of a Special Casualty Representative 12.45 hrs Luncheon Session 3 13:45 hrs Karen Brain: Mediation and the marine surveyor 14:15 hrs Ian Millen: The importance of maritime security and intelligence 14:45 hrs Capt Zarir Irani: Marine surveying today from a businessman’s perspective 15.15 hrs Coffee Session 4 15.30 hrs Capt Nick Sloane: Costa Concordia ‘The Parbuckling Project’ 16:30 hrs Capt Ruchin Dayal: Iron ore fines - new challenges in using the Code 17:00 hrs Mike Schwarz: Marine Surveying Academy update 17.20 hrs Close Day One

D 08.00 hrs Day Two Opens ay Session 5

2, T ue s day 08:30 hrs Breakfast briefing: KEY NOTE Andrew Winbow: Assistant Secretary-General/Director IMO - Maritime Safety Division 08:50 hrs Milind Tambe: The integrity of digital images – what marine surveyors ought to know 09:15 hrs Capt Drew Korek: Case study of the the m/v Happy Star Big Lift project 09:45 hrs Paula Finch: Knowing when to call in a business coach, mentor or external advice 10:15 hrs Dr Risto Talas: The application of technology in marine surveying and auditing 10:45 hrs Conference close

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 19 Details about some of Mentor and Trainer supporting Ken Hickling is the Superyacht business owners and senior Business Development Manager for the speakers who are management teams to engage AkzoNobel ad past president of the presenting at the IIMS and deliver growth throughout International Superyacht Society. their business. Paula is passionate Ken will tackle the rather bland London Conference 2015 about supporting success driven subject of paint and coatings in his business owners to increase profits usual inimitable and engaging style. by giving them proven business His vast knowledge of this complex development, sales and marketing subject means he is well placed to strategies. Paula proved to be a deliver an engaging presentation. popular and passionate speaker at the 2014 Conference. So she is back; and this year Paula tackles the subject of knowing when you might call in a coach or mentor and shares 7 reasons why you might consider doing so.

Capt Nick Sloane presents: ‘Costa Concordia - the Parbuckling Project’ on 7 September at 15.30 hrs Chris Baldwin presents: Nick Sloane, the man behind the ‘Why accreditation and Costa Concordia salvage operation standards matter’ at 09.50 hrs as he became known, had the on Monday 7 September unenviable task of righting the ship in the spotlight of the world’s Techincal Adviser with the media. It was more than 30 years International Marine Contractors ago in 1980 that Nick started his Capt Drew Korek presents: Association, Chris Baldwin has career at sea with Safmarine. His ‘Case study of the the m/v Happy been working closely with IIMS to first assignment was the rescue of Star Big Lift project’ develop and launch the CMID vessel a burning tanker filled with over on 8 September at 09.15 hrs Inspector accredditation scheme. 250,000 tons of crude oil. Since In his presentation, Chris talks then he has gone on to repair oil At the end of last year and start about why the need to develop an and gas lines in the Middle East and of this one, Drew was involved industry recognised scheme became salvage a tanker hit by pirates off in overseeing a mightly heavy overwhelming and some of the the Yemeni coast. But it is for his lift project loading in China and challenges of developing a world extraordinary work on the Costa unloading in Canada. Working in class accreditation programme. Concordia project and salvage that very cold temperatures in Canada he is best known. as low as minus 30, Drew will talk about the scope of this project to transport two complete shiploaders and wharf conveyor and the significant challenges it presented him as the attending surveyor.

Ian Millen presents: ‘The importance of maritime security and intelligence’ at 14.15 hrs on 7 September Paula Finch presents: ‘Knowing when to call in a business Ian is CEO of Dryad Maritime, coach, mentor or external advice’ specialists in maritime security and on 8 September at 09.45 hrs intelligence. With their command Ken Hickling presents: centre based in Portsmouth, Ian will Paula Finch has been running a ‘This Boat needs painting! How share with delegates information successful business development the survey can help outline the about thw work his organisation business for the past 18 years. She alternatives’ at 10.10 hrs on does and how surveyors can help is an approved Business Coach, 7 September. to ensure security is maintained.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 20 The nominated President’s charity that will br the beneficiary from the IIMS raffle at the London Conference is SNSM. This article informs readers about their work.

In the Calvados region, there are • Off season, the Calvados NS ensure three main activities: public safety during the local festivals (in Caen, Caen football club, etc.). 1. Rescue at sea • The SNSM is able to carry out all these • 8 permanent stations: missions thanks to the generosity Honfleur (V1 SNS-131), of public donations and private The Touque-Trouville (V2 SNS-264), partners: in 2014 76% of the annual Dives s / sea-Cabourg (V2 SNS-283), resources of the SNSM were from Ouistreham* (CTT SNS-091), private sources and 24% from public Courseulles (V2 SNS-259), sources (State and local authorities). Port en-Bessin (V2 SNS-267), Grandcamp-Maisy (V2 SNS-266), The Sea Rescue financial needs are: Isigny s / sea (SR-NHS 1491). The renewal and the maintenance SNSM: The French NATIONAL • 100 volunteer rescuers embarking of the rescue fleet. ASSOCIATION of RESCUE at SEA • 2014 -134 interventions  The current costs of the stations The SNSM Ouistreham station is twinned with the and the training centre. The French National association of RNLI Lifeboat Station in Torbay since 6 August 1983.  The Sea Rescue is proud to share rescue at sea (SNSM) is a national the strong “capital generosity” entity recognized as a public utility. 2. Rescue on the coast given by the French population It aims to save human lives in • 18 beach rescue stations on the and partner companies. danger at sea on the French coast coast of Calvados. on a voluntary and free basis. Under • 110 lifeguards for 24 rescue Today, SNSM is particularly pleased the authority of the local CROSS stations, under the control of and honored to show their activities (local MRCC) and on their request, it coastal town councils to the members of the International is dedicated to participate in public Institute of Marine Surveying (IIMS). tasks in its area of competence. 3. The Ouistreham training center (IFC) Contact: In 2014, the SNSM performed • 120 lifeguards (NS) are trained Philippe AUZOU - Calvados 5,349 interventions to rescue 8,071 each year at the training center Departmental Delegate SNSM persons in difficulty; while sustaining of Ouistreham with 26 avenue de Trouville 14150 nevertheless between 350 and 400 30 volunteer trainers. OUISTREHAM - FRANCE deaths a year at sea. 26% of the SNSM • Sea training takes place on the Tel: +33 (0) 6 63 34 45 65 interventions take place at night and beach of Cabourg. Email: [email protected] the average length of one operation is close to 2 hours.

With 32 training and intervention centres for lifeguards, the SNSM performs every year prevention and coastal surveillance. They train nearly 450 new lifeguards each year.

If rescue at sea is ensured all year Intervention: “Fire on board a trawler, Twinning Chart between Torbay round, monitoring of beaches is January 6, 2015” and Ouistreham rescue centers undertaken from May to September. Thus, 1500 lifeguards on beaches, undertake surveillance of the beaches and seaside up to a coastal distance of 300 meters. They hold a national safety and sea rescue diploma (BNSSA), coastal navigation license, team first aid diploma (PSE1 PSE2), the Radio Operator Certificate (RRC). They have all taken part Map of Calvados SNS 091” Ouistreham rescue boat: in specific courses of sea coastal polyester L = 17.60 m - l = 4.20 m adaptation (sea Training). P = 2x279 Kw /Volvo TAMD 122A”

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 21 IIMS set to publish a new series of self help guides under the title of ‘What A marine surveyor needS to know about...’ “A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. Designer’s impression So is a lot.” - Albert Einstein of the front covers:

“Just before Christmas 2014, I challenged a number of respected Publishing formats IIMS member surveyors, some retired and some still practising, About the series The IIMS has decided to self to write down their knowledge publish this series of guides. After on specialist topics relevant to The ‘What a marine surveyor much thought, the books will be the marine surveying profession. needs to know about’ series is delivered in three formats. Format The aim then is to publish and not designed to teach a surveyor one is as a downloadable pdf from share this knowledge with marine everything about a given subject. the IIMS web site that can be saved surveyors around the world. I was Rather it is a self help guide in and/or printed. The second format astonished (and delighted) at the booklet format, which will give a is in traditional printed paperback; desire by those I approached to surveyor a good grounding in the and finally the books will be do this and to get involved with subject matter, but will also act as available to download from Kindle this project. The result is that the a ‘aide memoire’ for an experienced in electronic format. IIMS has been offered over 30 surveyor to refer back to. manuscripts for publication in The cost of the books, whilst the coming months. I am grateful Some of the content is highly not finalised, will be kept to to all those who have agreed to technical. Published in an easy to a minimum. The aim of the contribute to this exciting and handle A5 format, the books will publishing programme is to make worthwhile venture.” typically be between 15,000 and this knowledge and information 20,000 words running from 64 to available at a low and affordable Mike Schwarz, 80 pages, including illustrations price so that is it accessible by the IIMS Chief Executive Officer (where appropriate). majority and not the minority.

22 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 The first seven manuscripts are now people based businesses whose service delivery are, therefore, not only a comprehensive in production and it is planned to and value is intimately linked to the knowledge means of detecting such deficiencies and/or formally launch the series once and skills of the practitioners (those delivering monitoring the vessel’s structural condition but these are ready to go to give the the service). This publication is a practical guide also defining schemes for inspection between programme some impetus in the to Knowledge and Knowledge Management. the last overhaul and before the occurrence of coming weeks. As this is a rolling It provides a background to the subject and a failure. The means of detection of defects and publishing programme, other titles practical insight into what is required and how condition monitoring are inter alia: will be added to the list as they to setup a computer based Personal Knowledge become available. management solution. • Visual inspections. • Non-destructive testing (NDT) and calibration. Here is a brief synopsis and extract • Examination of tightness and function. from the titles currently in production. What A marine surveyor needS to • Measurement of thicknesses, condition know about the use of moisture and vibration. What a marine surveyor needs metres on small craft to know about small craft electric arc welding These days it is de rigueur for a marine surveyor What a marine surveyor needs to inspecting a fibre reinforced plastic boat to know about small craft, ship and Arc welding refers to a group of processes that use a moisture meter and the first thing to boatbuilding terminology use a power supply to create an electric arc know about moisture meters is that they do between an electrode and the base material to not actually measure moisture. What they These glossaries give definitions of many of the melt the metals at the welding point. They can do measure is conductivity. A Tramex meter ship/boat construction and related terms the use either DC or AC current and consumable or invariably shows a very high moisture reading marine surveyor will find. They include some non-consumable electrodes. The welding region on the solid and absolutely dry glass top of very ancient terms and a few that are now is sometimes protected by some type of inert or a living room coffee table as it is measuring obsolete but were still in use when the author semi-inert gas, known as a shielding gas and/or the presence of minute traces of carbon (an was a shipwright. Where appropriate the (slightly filler material. electrical conductor) in the lightly smoked glass. modified) definitions of IACS Recommendations The origins of the moisture meter lie in the 82 have been included. The first glossary is building and construction industries and the confined to words used on small wooden, or What a marine surveyor needs to original scale was based on the water content metal pleasure boats and words relating to the know about imaging techniques of brick and stone work. The scale has largely construction and survey of vessels built of other remained unchanged. There are a number of materials have been given in separate glossaries. Photography is a combination of science and art. these machines available in the market and they It is useful to include such of these definitions The more you master the science of photography were first introduced into the marine industry as are appropriate as an appendix to any report the more of an art form it becomes. This book for checking how an frp hull had dried over time prepared by the marine surveyor for expert sets out to explain the science and aesthetics prior to rebuilding for osmosis treatment and for witness or other legal purposes. of photography that would benefit a marine that they remain a useful tool. surveyor. It is not to teach photography but to Some of the other books in the help surveyors understand their cameras better series which are being written, or and then create better images, and if possible What A marine surveyor needs to which will be written in the coming artistic ones that speak for themselves of the know about report writing months, will cover the following situation and condition that the surveyor has subject matter: seen on board the ship or a boat. Of late it is This book sets out to provide a basic set of rules hard or rather impossible to find teenagers to assist marine surveyors as to what writing a • Working in enclosed spaces and adults without an imaging device. Today good report entails and how to approach what • Conducting underwater surveys cameras are included in every imaginable can be a daunting task, especially for a less • Surveying steel hulls gadget - phones, tablets, computers, watches, experienced surveyor. It explains the clauses you • Modern technology pens. You name them and you would probably should include, where you should use them and • Surveying wooden hulls find a camera included in one or the other generally how to be sure you have provided an • Electrical systems for small craft surveyors model of that gadget. accurate and factual report whilst at the same • Plumbing & Pumps If cameras are that handy would it not make time not left yourself exposed (and minimising • Acting as an expert witness sense to understand the science behind it? the risk) to litigation by an unsatisfied client. • Hatch covers Especially when a marine surveyor should not leave the office without one? • Anti piracy measures for ships What a marine surveyor needs to • Preserving evidentiary value of photographs know about small craft metal • Wire ropes: a hand book for marine surveyors What a marine surveyor needs to hulls and ultrasonics • Salvage related surveys know about knowledge management • Hull survey methods are the means and Knowledge management is an essential activity procedures necessary to detect defects and So keep an eye open for notification and key differentiator for professional services damage at an early stage in order to avoid of the launch of the IIMS publishing providers like marine surveyors. These are premature failure and/or breakdown. They programme in due course.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 23 15-16 Photo 2014© credit: Abner Kingman

The Clipper Round the World Yacht Race is the longest ocean race on the planet and is open to everyone. Now approaching its tenth anniversary edition, what does it

To find out more, visitwww.clipperroundtheworld.com Facebook: www.facebook.com/clipperroundtheworld YouTube: www.youtube.com/user/ClipperRTW Twitter: www.twitter.com/clipperrace Follow the race:

24 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 take to complete the extreme challenge; and more importantly what are the refit and engineering challenges that go on behind the scenes to ensure the fleet is fit for purpose?

Preparing the Clipper fleet to sail

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 25 “There is nothing like the intensity Round the world crew member and Divided into eight legs which of running along the top of a wave company director Peter Brumby, include a series of individually- in the Southern Ocean and deciding 50, left his job before the race, scored races, crew can choose to to turn down the front of it into swapping it for the thrill of taking complete the full circumnavigation chaos. We ran on adrenaline for on Mother Nature’s toughest or one or more of the legs that are days on end.” conditions for a year. Sailing around five to seven weeks long through hurricanes, waves the size each if you have limited time. of several houses and facing threats of cyclones, pirates and icebergs The full circumnavigation round the were all part of life on board his world visits nine countries on six team’s yacht Qingdao. continents. Stopovers take place in ports including Sydney, New York, The team experienced a lightning Rio de Janeiro, Cape Town, San strike in the North Pacific, helped Francisco and Singapore. another Clipper Race yacht during an urgent Mayday mission and “To become a Clipper Race crew narrowly missed a waterspout. member is to become part of a very Other teams dealt with medical special club of people who share a evacuations, a Man Overboard thirst for adventure and challenge,” rescue, knockdowns and a tornado. Peter continues.

An endurance test like no other, the “More than 3,000 people have Clipper Round the World Yacht Race taken part in the Clipper Race since is 40,000 nautical miles long, takes the first edition in 1996 but still almost a year to complete and is more people have climbed Mount the only global race of its kind for Everest than have circumnavigated Corinthian sailors. the globe.

The ocean odyssey was conceived Often it was tough and by Sir Robin Knox-Johnston, the uncompromising but always first person to sail solo, nonstop rewarding. The Roaring Forties in round the world in 1968/9. He the Southern Ocean was amazing. created the Clipper Race to give The high seas, waves over the deck everyone the chance to experience constantly and the speed of the the thrill of ocean racing. boat as it dives down the waves creating huge jets of water either No previous sailing experience is side of the boat was incredible. necessary to take on the challenge as full training is provided. At night it was just plain scary. Organisers supply a fleet of twelve The noise of the wind, the jets of identical racing yachts and a fully water and the breaking waves qualified skipper guides their non- completely dominate your senses. professional crew. I was constantly cold and damp. It was completely dark - whatever Up to 40 per cent of crew members moonlight available was demolished have never sailed before they by deep cloud cover. You were sailing sign up. They come from all over by braille and certainly needed to the world and include everyone trust your fellow crew. from midwives to chief executives, lawyers, actors, doctors, students The journey of highs and lows and many more. we went through as a team was incredible. Overall it was an amazing year and totally different from your The countdown to the 2015-16 tenth normal travel experience.” anniversary edition is on, with the race starting on 30 August from the UK. There are still places available on most legs including on Leg 4 – the All Australian leg – which includes offshore classic the Rolex Sydney Hobart Yacht Race as part of circumnavigation. This sees the Clipper Race crews pit themselves against some of sailing’s biggest names in the Boxing Day event which leaves from Sydney Harbour with massive crowds of spectators.

26 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Lastly the rig is retuned before the He worked as flotilla engineer and What it takes to keep the yachts return to service and crew then as a skipper in Greece, Turkey fleet sailing: Refitting training continues. and Croatia and soon fell in love with the lifestyle. He met his English the Clipper 70s The refit period lasts nine months, wife Lynda in 1996 when she was with each yacht out of action for working on a flotilla. After each of the 12 Clipper eight to nine weeks in total, before 70s clocked up an average being declared fit and ready to be After a season on America’s Cup of 50,000 miles during their called home for the next generation boats France 2 and France 3, Jay inaugural circumnavigation, of ocean racers. joined Clipper Ventures in 2002. the Maintenance Team at Race HQ has been hard at work since “Once you get onto a boat it’s October 2014 to refit the yachts in addictive. No day is ever the same. preparation for next edition. I could never be stuck in an office,” Meet the ‘Chief’ he says. Each of the 70-foot yachts is motored from Race HQ in Gosport who keeps the “It is more of a lifestyle than a job to Hamble Yacht Services where and I have loved meeting so many they are lifted and refitted. fleet sailing like-minded people round the world.

The yachts are stripped of their From rotten fish inside engines to When a crew member sees you coming inventory and soft furnishings, shark bites damaging rudders and with your tool kit and know you’ll fix it, which go off for cleaning prior Australian cockatoos destructing it’s a good feeling when you fault-find to departing Gosport, and their masthead wind instruments, the problem straight away and know engines and generators are serviced. Clipper Race maintenance manager they will be very relieved. Jay Haller has seen it all. On arrival in Hamble, the masts You can’t say it can’t be done. are removed and all of the The South African has worked There is always a way. The crew standing rigging is replaced. Once on some comical mishaps as well have a certain expectation. washed off and in the shed, there as more serious repairs for six is a complete sand and repaint editions of the Clipper Race over The pressure is huge – more so throughout the interior and a 12 years. ‘The Chief’ as he is known this race than ever before.” varnishing of the wood surrounds can always be seen with his team in the galley. On deck, all of the kit waiting to leap on board as soon as Jay says the Clipper 70s held up is serviced or replaced as needed. the boats start arriving in port. very well during their first race.

Rudders are dropped in order to Under fleet operation manager “The rudders caused a lot of check the shafts and blades and to Simon Johnston, Jay leads his problems which we quickly allow access to service the rudder shore crew assisting on all kinds of resolved, but there are always bearings; the full steering system technical issues. teething problems with new boats if is given an overhaul. The hulls are you look back at the Clipper 68s. antifouled, propellers serviced and As a child, Jay always loved anodes changed. tinkering with toy trucks and model It was a big challenge when we had boats and a career as a specialist to take the keels off the Clipper 68s As with all refits, there will also technician beckoned. in the Philippines during the 2005-06 be some changes to the yachts in edition of the race and the whole fleet accordance to lessons learnt from After completing his National had to stay there for seven weeks. the past race. New parts will be Service in in a fitted in various places around the medical corps, Jay did a college A boat had to be rebuilt in Cape yacht and a little reorganisation apprenticeship in engineering. Town in 2009-10 edition of the race made here and there in order to after a t-boning on the start line. make life easier for the crew, and He then went to Antarctica for an I was chuffed after fixing the boat from a maintenance perspective. adventure as a technician with quickly and all we could do was machinery company Caterpillar, look back and laugh. After four to five weeks, the yachts representing the South African are then launched off and returned government to help build a new It’s always a challenge trying to work to Gosport for re-commissioning. research post. around the corporate commitments Final defects are rectified, the and juggle that. You always worry inventory and safety kit are It was when he started working for they won’t be ready to sail but they reinstated, final checks are made holiday company Sunsail in 1995 have to be. We do 14 hour working and the paperwork is reinstated. that Jay learnt to sail. days to make sure they are.”

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 27 Jay says he didn’t believe Olly Life at the top: Cotterell, the skipper of OneDLL, “The ‘Chief’ [maintenance when he told him his boat’s rudder Meet Clipper Race manager Jay Haller] hugs the had been bitten by a shark on Race rig like a koala when he has to 8 to Singapore in last year’s edition. Rigger Greg North go aloft, he’s not a big fan of heights, whereas I enjoy climbing However, on inspection, a foot and “My office is 90 foot up, but so I naturally stepped into the a half-long bite and even shark’s after nine years I don’t feel role working up masts. My first teeth were discovered - a first for apprehensive or worry about stopover experience came in Jay in his career. falling. I get my tools, put my China on the 2005/06 race. Since headphones in and work away. then I have been a permanent He says his biggest ever challenge There is nowhere better to be than member of the race team.” was during the 2002-03 edition of at the top of the mast somewhere the race when a skipper had started sunny. I’ve never wanted to be Greg assisted a spar manufacturer the generator without doing the stuck at a desk pushing paper.” and riggers fitting out the Clipper engine checks which pumped all 68s and learnt how to fit and tune the oil out. Jay got an engine flown An extreme sports fan, Clipper Race rigs, and build masts on the job. in from the UK to Batam, Indonesia, rigger Greg North originally looked and fitted it in 45 minutes. at a career in forestry and ranger His most amusing, yet frustrating work because of the climbing and moment came in Sydney on the During the 2009-10 Clipper Race heights aspect of the job. Clipper 2013-14 Race in an incident he had to rebuild an engine after known as CockatooGate, which jumping on the boat 11 miles out of Following a degree in Sustainable was hilariously documented on the Singapore after the pistons went in Design and Environmental front page of national broadsheet, 40 degree heat. Management at the University of The Australian. Portsmouth, a friend set Greg up with When not fixing things, Jay and his some maintenance work, antifouling Flocks of cockatoos decided they wife like to camp around Cornwall a Clipper Race boat in 2005. had an appetite for the wire in the and will be staying in a yurt on their masthead instruments and chewed latest holiday. That job led to more, and he their way through hundreds of continued his work on the main- pounds worth of material, rendering He enjoys hiking, museums and tenance team for the next month. the speed devices useless. culture, including seeing the Southampton Philharmonic Choir perform, and as a South African, loves barbecuing.

Jay remembers looking at the Whitbread round the world boats in the early nineties and adds it is very satisfying to know he is now part of the team that helps get the Clipper Race yachts round the world now.

“It’s great to see the public astounded when they see the boats and you know you are part of the team. I am very proud and love it when they ask questions. Mingling with the crew members is also a highlight.

I have a great team around me and know I can rely on them to get on with the job at hand. We are very close outside of work as well and that is important when you are working such long hours abroad away from family.

It is a very satisfying job and seeing so many cultures around the world has been amazing.”

28 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 of carbon, causing hundreds of pounds worth of damage.

Greg had to re-wire and re-fit new instruments to the yacht in San Francisco.

Greg and the other Clipper Race maintenance team members are fondly known as the ‘Blackhand Gang’.

“We are a good cheerful team,” adds Greg. “It is amazing to work with the ‘Chief’. No one knows their way round the fleet like he does.“

“You also get good friends with the crew and build a rapport with the “CockatooGate got me angry “We had to fly two new masts mechanically minded ones who are with the local wildlife,” Greg out to Hawaii and build them as interested in the yacht’s running.” reflects. “We were already very quickly as possible, then change busy changing elements of the some of the standing rigging on For Greg, the non-race year is coding ahead of the Rolex Sydney the rest of the fleet. Then you have almost as hectic as the race year Hobart Race and the fleet had to tune the rig, test it out sailing, while the boats are in refit. All the to also come out of the water for and re-tune until you are happy.” masts will come off the Clipper antifouling.” 70s and all running and standing “We were working solidly for rigging gets replaced - several “As soon as I told a local sailor a month doing 12-hour days. I kilometres of wire rope will be used about what had happened, he was sat at the top of the mast during that process. Then the fleet said, ‘That will be those bloody wondering when it was going has to be re-tuned several times as Cockies’. They have an appetite to end, when I saw a humpback the wire settles in. for expensive mast wiring. You whale breaching. Not everyone’s could see the beak snips. But office has that type of view. It In his downtime, Greg likes to suspiciously, the only Clipper Race made me stop and appreciate head inland to the mountains to boat with an Aussie skipper did the positives of the situation.” snowboard, hike and mountain bike not get chewed!” with his wife Charlie. In October Another big job came after a 2014, the couple’s first baby was Once all the wiring was re-spliced, collision on the start line in Cape born. Greg had to rush around with Town in the 2009/10 race. his spanner hitting the mast Greg says this last race saw new and sending a shock up the rig “The ‘Chief’ called me with the challenges with the new Clipper whenever he saw a cockatoo flying news as I was packing up the 70s. There were maintenance issues towards a rig. Even Christmas tinsel container to say keep hold of the he had not seen before. and cable ties failed to stop the fibreglass kit.” birds having a go. The skippers’ competitive nature “He then called me back shortly on the matched fleet race keeps His most challenging work times after saying he could step through him on his toes too. “There can be have come after boats have lost the hole in the aft quarter of the a lot of pressure trying to juggle the rig. “The worst thing is to get damaged boat, it was that big. skippers’ expectations. I have to that call saying a boat has lost its That was a massive fix. We worked make sure the rig set up is as close mast. When you hear everyone on with a local composites crew day as possible throughout the fleet board is safe you relax a little, but and night to rebuild it.” for both safety and scrutineering.” knowing you have to build a new The challenges of each race aside, rig and set it up against the clock is Another memorable moment came Greg’s philosophy remains the quite daunting.” when lightning struck Qingdao same. “Every day is different. It can in the Pacific Ocean on the 13-14 be long, hard hours but I’d rather When two rigs came down in the race. The top of the masthead be doing that 90ft up in Australia 2007/08 race, the whole fleet came instrument blew up and what or Hawaii than behind a desk any into Hawaii as a diversion. was left disintegrated into a stick day,” he adds.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 29 “ upon the ocean Suffer from severe corrosion Even those that stay at dockside Are rapidly becoming oxide”

T. R. B. Watson (Canada) AN INTRODUCTION TO

- part two -

BY Eur. Ing. JEFFREY N. CASCIANI-WOOD HonFIIMS

Jeffery concludes A‘ n Introduction To Rust’. This part two focuses on corrosion, including: Galvanic and/or Electrolytic Corrosion (Pitting), Crevice Corrosion, Jacking Corrosion, Poultice Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking

30 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Galvanic and/or Electrolytic interchangeably giving the It is to avoid this type of corrosion Corrosion (Pitting) impression that the terms are that, in a DC system, the hull must two different names for the same not be used as an earth return. The Unlike iron, steel is granular thing. That is not true and the confusion between the two types of in microstructure and many marine surveyor must know and corrosion arises from the fact that, of the grains are anodic to the understand the difference between in both cases, the process involved others. That results, when the the two. Galvanic corrosion occurs is usually in boatyards, totally metal is placed in seawater, in between two dissimilar metals in incorrectly, called electrolysis. a series of local galvanic cells the presence of moisture or some In most metal boats these days the being set up which then develop other electrolyte when, under these marine surveyor is much more likely the characteristic pitting. The conditions, an electro-chemical cell to meet galvanic corrosion rather marine surveyor should know is formed and an electric current than electrolytic corrosion but that and understand the difference will flow from one metal to the does not mean that the latter never between galvanic and electrolytic other carrying the ions from the occurs. Given an electromotive force action. See Figures 2 and 3 below. first metal with it. Clearly this type in the circuit, it does. Pitting due to Iron does not, in general, pit for of corrosion does not require an galvanic or electrolytic action has simple galvanic reasons and so has, external electromotive force (e.m.f.) the same general characteristics of incorrectly, gained the reputation but does depend directly upon low surface area/depth ratio and a that it does not corrode. The the nature of the metals involved conical cross-section. marine surveyor should be fully and their precise relative position aware, however, that iron does in what is known as the galvanic N.B.1 Galvanic and electrolytic rust and corrode given the right series. On ship’s hulls it can be action can take place at the conditions in exactly the same kept within reasonable control by same time on a given vessel. way as does steel. True pits are the fitting of a cathodic protection those where the depth is equal system such as zinc, magnesium or N.B.2 The power source in the to or greater than the diameter. aluminium anodes as appropriate electrolysis diagram may be Where that is not so the pits to the electrolyte. Galvanic an earth leak from electrical should be called dimples but it is a corrosion can often be found equipment not necessarily distinction that is usually ignored taking place between two parts of on the vessel herself. in the marine world. Galvanic pits the same shell plate for example. usually have a jagged edge and Electrolytic corrosion occurs, on General rusting or the electro- electromotiveare widely scattered force whereas in the true c ircuit,the it otherdoes. hand, Pitting when an due externally to galvanic chemical or electrolytic decay of steel action is a form has theelectrolytic same generalpitting is characteristicsusually but not ofimpressed low surface direct area/depthelectric current ratio andof a galvanic conical corrosion cross-section. which has necessarily clustered and the pits flows between two metals in the often been described as a great N.B.1are usuallycircular Galvanic in planform. and electrolyticpresence action of can a conducting take place fluid at andthe sameindustry time in on reverse. a given For vesselsuch an. the rate of corrosion only depends electro-chemical reaction to occur N.B.2Rusting is, ofThe course, power an electro- source in theupon electrolysis the nature of diagram the metals may be anthere earth must leak be a from metallic electrical anode chemical processequipment but surface not necessarilyinvolved on the but vesselalso upon herself. the strength which corrodes by oxidation pitting is often more serious of the electric current and the and a metallic cathode where a Generaland will be rusting separately or discussed the electro -chemicalprecise nature decay of ofthe steel conducting is a form ofreduction galvanic reaction corrosion occurs, whichthe two under that heading. Often in fluid. Electrolytic corrosion usually being connected by an electrolyte hasthe marineoften industry been describethe terms d as a greatoccurs whereindustry bare inwires reverse. or other Forthrough such whichan electro the electrons-chemical flow reactiongalvanic corrosion to occur and there electrolytic must be aelectrical metallic defects anode are which found in corrodes either byfrom oxidation the anode toand the a cathode. metallic cathodecorrosion arewhere used a loosely reduction and reactiona DC occurs, or an AC the current two system.being connected by an electrolyte through which the electrons flow from the anode to the cathode.

Small, Round(ish) Shape Large, Irregular Shape

Deep, Conical Pit Plate Surface Shallow, Stepped Pit Silver or Black Surface

Galvanic or Electrolytic Pit (Dimple) Microbiological Pit

Figure 2 - Typical Pitting Whether or not one metal is cathodicFigure or 2anodic - Typical Pitting to another depends upon their relative position in the galvanic series. It appears as a continuous layer over an entire surface and is rarely found when an object is permanently submerged. It is relativelyThe Report easy • June to 2015 allow • Issue for 72 this | 31 type of corrosion in a given design. Low carbon (mild) shipbuilding steels have corrosion rates of between 0.10 mm to 0.18 mm per year on plating exposed to seawater attack but in inside pipes carrying seawater that may well rise to 0.78 mm per year where it is exacerbated by cavitation and mechanical damage when the internal fluid velocity is of the order of five metres per second. Pitting corrosion, or, more simply, pitting is a form of extremely localized corrosion that leads to the development of small holes in the surface of a metal. The driving power for not pitting corrorion is the lack of oxygen around a small area which then becomes anodic while the area with an excess of oxygen becomes cathodic leading to localized galvanic corrosion. The corrosion penetrates the mass of the metal with limited diffusion of ions further pronouncing the localized lack of oxygen.

The mechanism is probably the same as crevice corrosion. It is supposed by some that gravity causes a downward oriented concentration gradient of the dissolved ions in the hole caused by the corrosion as the concentrated solution is more dense. That, however, is unlikely. The more conventional explanation is that the acidity of the fluid inside the pit is maintained by the special separation of the cathodic and anodic half reactions which creates a potential gradient and electromigration of aggressive anions into the pit. This kind of corrosion is extremely insidious as it causes little loss of material with small but unsightly effect on the metal’s surface while it damages the deep structure inside. The pits can be initiated by small surface defects such as a scratch or a local change in material composition

Whether or not one metal is The mechanism is probably the stainless steels and nickel and cathodic or anodic to another same as crevice corrosion. It is aluminium alloys. Metals that are depends upon their relative position supposed by some that gravity susceptible to uniform corrosion in in the galvanic series. It appears causes a downward oriented turn tend not suffer from pitting. as a continuous layer over an concentration gradient of the Thus, mild steel will usually corrode entire surface and is rarely found dissolved ions in the hole caused by uniformly in sea water while when an object is permanently the corrosion as the concentrated stainless steel will pit. The addition submerged. It is relatively easy to solution is more dense. That, of about 2% molybdenum increases allow for this type of corrosion in however, is unlikely. The more the pitting resistance of stainless a given design. Low carbon (mild) conventional explanation is that steel. The presence of chlorides, shipbuilding steels have corrosion the acidity of the fluid inside the e.g., in sea water, significantly rates of between 0.10 mm to 0.18 pit is maintained by the special aggravates the conditions for mm per year on plating exposed separation of the cathodic and the formation and growth of pits to seawater attack but in inside anodic half reactions which through and autocatalytic process. pipes carrying seawater that may creates a potential gradient and The pits become loaded with well rise to 0.78 mm per year where electromigration of aggressive positive metal ions through anodic it is exacerbated by cavitation anions into the pit. This kind of dissociation. The Cl- ions become and mechanical damage when corrosion is extremely insidious as concentrated in the pits for charge the internal fluid velocity is of the it causes little loss of material with neutrality and encourage the order of five metres per second. small but unsightly effect on the reaction of positive metal anions Pitting corrosion, or, more simply, metal’s surface while it damages with water to form a hydroxide pitting is a form of extremely the deep structure inside. The pits corrosion product and H+ ions. The localized corrosion that leads to can be initiated by small surface fluid in the pits slowly becomes the development of small holes in defects such as a scratch or a local weakly acidic which accelerates the the surface of a metal. The driving change in material composition or process. Besides chlorides, other power for not pitting corrorion is damage to a protective coating. anions implicated in pitting include 2- the lack of oxygen around a small The pits on the surface are often thiosulphates (S2O3 ), fluorides and area which then becomes anodic obscured by corrosion products iodides. Stagnant water conditions while the area with an excess of and poor painting practices. favour pitting and is a prime factor oxygen becomes cathodic leading Polished surfaces display a higher in the pitting found on canal to localized galvanic corrosion. The resistance to pitting. The alloys . Thiosulphates are a corrosion penetrates the mass of the most susceptible to pitting particularly aggressive species and metal with limited diffusion of ions corrosion are usually the ones are formed by partial oxidation further pronouncing the localized where corrosion resistance is of pyrites or partial reduction of lack of oxygen. caused by a passivation layer i.e., sulphates.

Electrolyte Mixed Power Source Crystals of Pearlite, Ferrite Current and Cementite

Bronze Skin Current Fitting

Because one is an anode and Steel Shell the other a cathode, electrons flow from one crystal to another Electrolyte causing the anode to pit. Electrons flow from the steel to the bronze driven by the power source causing pitting of the steel

Principle of Galvanism Principle of Electrolysis

Figure 3 - The Difference between Galvanic and Electrolytic Action Figure 3 - The Difference between Galvanic and Electrolytic Action

32 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72

Photograph 1 - Galvanic Pitting on a (Painted) Mild Steel Hull in Fresh (River) Water or damage to a protective coating. The pits on the surface are often obscured by corrosion products and poor painting practices. Polished surfaces display a higher resistance to pitting. The alloys most susceptible to pitting corrosion are usually the ones where corrosion Photograph 1 - Galvanic Pitting on a (Painted) Mild Steel Hull in Fresh (River) Water

Pitting, per se, is not necessarily water’s surface. It has been shown Crevice Corrosion a serious fault. Its seriousness that such variations in oxygen depends upon three factors: - concentration set up electrolytic Crevice corrosion occurs where cells producing a current between there is a limited availability of • The extent of the pitting as a two areas of the same piece of oxygen such as occurs at slightly fraction of the surface area of metal where oxygen is available open joints. Crevice corrosion is a the plating. at different rates. That area which corrosion occurring in spaces called has the smallest oxygen supply crevices to which the access of the • The sharpness of the pits i.e., becomes anodic and dissolves working fluid from the environment the ratio of the pit’s depth to its while a film is formed with some is limited. Examples of crevices are surface area. protective properties at areas gaps and contact areas between with a larger oxygen supply. The parts, under gaskets or seals, inside • The depth of the pit relative to mechanism, which is additional and cracks and seams, spaces filled with the plate’s thickness. complementary to the mechanism deposits and under sludge piles. due to galvanic action between the It can also be found behind butt One thing that the marine surveyor crystals that make up the material’s straps and rubbing strake bars, will notice when examining steel microstructure, explains much of under bolt heads, nuts and washers hulls is that the pitting, if it exists, the observed pitting on a vessel’s and can cause mechanical failure. is usually confined to a band up shell plating. This form of pitting It is particularly to be looked for to a metre wide just below the is kept under control by a correctly on stainless steel propeller shafts water line. There is a reason for designed cathodic protection at the point of exit from the stern this area preference. In neutral salt scheme. Pitting may also be caused bearing. Pitting corrosion is similar solutions such as sea or brackish by galvanism after a breakdown in to crevice corrosion although it estuarial waters a supply of oxygen the coatings. It is not possible to does not require an existing pit or is necessary for the continuation of give absolute guidelines on these crevice to start but it can, when a corrosion process. Natural waters, points and the marine surveyor severe, penetrate the hull of the particularly if any wave motion is must make his own judgement as vessel. Crevices can develop a local present, are usually saturated with to the seriousness of any pitting chemistry which is very different air but the amount of entrained air and what to do about it at the time from that of the bulk fluid. varies with the depth below the of his survey. Crevice corrosion generally occurs

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 33 due to either high concentration Moulded Breadth Moulded Breadth of impurities in the crevice Moulded Surface (e.g., chlorides, acid, or base)

Frame Web Rivet or a differential electrolyte Frame Flange point chemistry inside and outside Out Plate pulled the crevice where a single metal below part undergoing corrosion is Land Land flush submerged in two different Jacking corrosion environments. This situation In Plate Effect of Jacking can be somewhat reminiscent Corrosion on a Rivet of galvanic corrosion. The mechanism of crevice corrosion Joggled Frame Joggled Seam can be (but not always is) similar to This rivet point will often be found to be that of pitting corrosion. However, Rivet Head partly pulled through the plate there are sufficient differences which usually indicates corrosion problems to warrant a separate treatment. between the plate and the frame flange. Shell frame For example, in crevice corrosion, Look for crevice and jacking corrosion here the geometry of the crevice has Out strake of plating to be considered and the nature Gap (often filled with rust, crud and other of the concentration process Rivet Heads cargo detritus). leading to the development of the differential local chemistry. The UTS measurements should extreme and often unexpected be taken here local chemistry conditions inside the crevice also need to be Land In good class work either the frame considered. Galvanic effects can or the shell seam would be joggled here. See above. play a role in crevice degradation. Rivet (Boiler) Point Depending on the environment developed in the crevice and the Shell frame web Out strake of shell plating nature of the metal, the crevice corrosion can take a form of: - Caulking Edge

• pitting; Shell frame flange In strake of shell plating Shell frames • stress corrosion cracking;

Shell Plate • filiform corrosion which is a The rivets are driven Frame Spacing type of crevice corrosion that from the inside outwards Moulded Surface may occur on an aluminium

Detail of Frame Spacing Measurement surface underneath an organic coating;

FigureFigure 4 - Section 4 - Section through through a Riveted a Riveted Seam Seam in in way way of of a Sprung Shell Shell Frame Frame • intergranular attack. Photograph Courtesy of E In general, crevice corrosion is of the greatest concern for materials which are normally passive metals such as stainless steel or aluminium. Crevice corrosion is lliott B extremely dangerous because it is usually localized and can lead erry Marine Surveys erry to component failure whle the overal material loss is minimal. The initiation and progress of crevice corrosion can be difficult to detect. It is often found behind the face of side shell frames springing over the Photograph 2 - Sheerstrake Plate blown off the Ship’s Side by Crevice Corrosion between shell seams in Dutch and the Plate and the Frames and on the Landing Strake Seam under the side rubbing strakes on Note how the rivets have pulled completely through the plate along both the seam and the butt. canal . See Figure 4 and The vessel was beyond econominal repair and had to be scrapped. Photographs 2 and 3.

34 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 cracks develop from the base of the crevice where the stress concentration is the greatest. The susceptibility to crevice corrosion varies from one material environment system to another. General or uniform corrosion causes progressive loss of material and increases stress levels and uneven and localised corrosion causes high stress concentrations. Stress corrosion cracking is the result of the combined action of the environment and Photograph 3 - Severe Jacking Corrosion on the Forward Bulwark of a Dutch Barge mechanical stress that results in Note how the cap bar has been fractured by the jacking forces. the cracking of the material and The vessel is in a permanent berth in use as a houseboat. can go completely undetected until the structure fails. Stress Jacking Corrosion are dipped or sprayed with paint corrosion cracking (SCC) is to promote higher durability and particularly dangerous because Jacking corrosion is the expansion better adhesion. Without adequate of the progressive nature of the of rust that can lead to severe protection or coating, the bare cracking with constantly rising damage to the hull structure. It can material is exposed to various risks of fracture, leakage or loss be described as the displacement conditions and such situations can of function. It can be found in of elements due to steel products trigger oxidation that later leads propeller shafts that are too small and iron expansion as metal to jacking rust formation that may to take the applied torque. It is undergoes rusting and turns to iron cause components to fracture. the unexpected sudden failure of oxide. Corrosion of metals such as normally ductile metals subjected aluminium may also lead to jacking to a tensile stress in a corrosive corrosion. In jacking corrosion Poultice Corrosion environment especially, in the case or, as it is sometimes called oxide of metals, at elevated temperature. jacking, rust forms when oxygen When dirt and other debris SCC is highly chemically specific and iron react with each other accumulate in certain metallic in that certain alloys are likely to in the presence of an electrolyte areas, the accumulation forms a undergo SCC only when exposed such as water within a confined poultice and in way a unique and to a small number of chemical space. Some of the factors that can highly corrosive environment can environments. The chemical influence rust jacking include: - be created resulting in a particular environment that causes SCC for form of crevice corrosion. This a given alloy is often one which • temperature; type of corrosion is fairly rare is only mildly corrosive to the on ships and boats but example metal otherwise. Hence, metal • quality of paint process; areas include inside water ballast parts with severe SCC can appear tanks and inside frames and bright and shiny, while being filled • exposure to seawater. stringers. These areas remain with microscopic cracks. That wet almost continuously with a factor makes it common for SCC According to metallurgists, the highly corrosive liquid due to the to go undetected prior to failure. process of oxidation is typically moisture entrapment effect of the SCC often progresses rapidly accompanied by a net expansion poultice. The aggravation caused and is more common among and when that happens within by salts can be quite serious in alloys than pure metals. The a confined space, stresses are these areas due to wet/dry cycling specific environment is of crucial produced in the metal, too much and accumulation which can reach importance and only very small energy is released through the saturation point. The stationary concentrations of certain highly oxidation, making the generated electrolyte can become increasingly active chemicals are needed to stresses powerful enough to acidic and the resulting pitting produce catastrophic cracking, fracture or deform the constraining quite severe. often leading to devastating and metal. Jacking corrosion can unexpected failure. The stresses be prevented through the can be the result of the crevice implementation of certain Stress Corrosion Cracking loads due to stress concentration measures such as the application of or can be caused by the type of anticorrosion paint that offers the A common form of crevice failure assembly or residual stresses from best level of oxidation protection. occurs due to stress corrosion fabrication (e.g. cold working) and Typically, the surfaces and materials cracking whereby a crack or can be relieved by annealing.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 35 The Ian Millen Interview Maritime surveillance and security – a sign of the times

he Report Magazine went to interview Ian Millen, COO of Dryad Maritime, a T specialist company providing a range of maritime security products and services that are essential in times of heightened security risks to keep seafarers safe. Dryad Maritime says it is a maritime operations company with a high grade intelligence capability. But what does this actually mean? Mike Schwarz went in search of some answers.

Q. Your company slogan interests me: ‘Dryad Maritime is a maritime operations company with a high grade intelligence capability’. What are the core services that you provide? I understand it is more compre- hensive than just giving details of the threat of worldwide piracy attacks?

Dryad was founded in 2007, originally as a maritime intelligence company providing risk mitigation services and safety monitoring to vessels transiting through high risk areas of maritime piracy and crime. This remains our core service, but in response to the company’s growth, the development of new voyage efficiency products, and changes to shipping regulations, which have impacted greatly on vessel operating costs, last year we took the decision to reposition the company. With our new integrated risk and operational services, we are now able to help ship owners, managers and charterers to operate efficiently as well as safely. The great news for us is that our range of risk and efficiency services are built upon our 24/7 operations room and are delivered by our technology- enabled specialist staff. Ian Millen, COO of Dryad Maritime

36 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Q. How many staff do you employ and do they need a special background to work for you?

We employ around 35 staff, of whom 70% are former Royal Navy personnel. Cumulatively, our team has a collective maritime operations experience of over 500 years. This is something that we are very proud of and make good use of as this gives us a depth of knowledge and analytical base that we believe is unrivalled in the maritime security marketplace. Although all of our operations team come from naval intelligence and/or operations backgrounds, we have employed analysts without this maritime heritage. As a commercial company, we employ specialists in other fields such as HR, Finance, Marketing & Communications, IT and Compliance; specialisations that can be found outside of the military environment. Our diverse workforce is a mix of all of the above and is glued together by a strong sense of purpose, good teamwork and enthusiasm.

Q. Typically what type of organisations are you working with and what type of vessels are involved, for example only big ships, or others such as round the world racing yachtsmen?

We support companies across the spectrum of the maritime industry, from vessel charterers and owners to technical operators and other suppliers in the maritime security sector such as those and security sectors as well as Our operations room is probably providing embarked those engaged in international as your readers would imagine guards. The vessels we offshore racing events, such as the it. The room is dominated by an support directly and on Volvo Ocean Race. The services we Audio-Visual (AV) wall display, behalf of others range provide being as equally applicable complete with interactive charts, from superyachts to to those operating large fleets of TVs and time zone information. supertankers and all ships, as they are to the private This acts as a focal point for our types in between. owner of a yacht. overall situational awareness, from the large projected displays The commercial sector of our vessel positions and continues to be our Q. I have been fortunate to visit potential threats to the information largest client base but your head office operation and streaming in from international we work closely with a command centre in Portsmouth, news feeds. The rest of the room number of companies but what can you tell readers of is filled with our operators and in the legal, insurance The Report magazine about it? analysts, who use their own geo-

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 37 spatial and database systems Q. Without revealing your real art and draws heavily upon to gather, process and generate sources, how much of your the experience of the analyst operational intelligence and work is based on hard and wider team. Ultimately, our efficiency products. At the heart of evidence and how much job is to report the facts, assess this group of specialists sit our 24/7 on hearsay and trends? what they mean and provide desks who monitor their respective recommendations to assist our plots and keep in communication In short, the answer is both as we clients. This process can either with the vessels that they are collate information from a large corroborate or deny hearsay as it responsible for; collecting valuable number of open and privileged presents itself. information, issuing intelligence sources, all of which is assessed and weather-related reports and for credibility and reliability. As an dealing with crisis situations should intelligence provider, we have to Q. How often are you they occur. These elements, vessel investigate all information, both communicating with your safety and efficiency monitoring, factual and hearsay. We need to clients, and by what means, could best be described as air collate masses of information and about potential situations traffic control for ships. Instead corroborate sources with others to and developing threats? of hazards, we identify security get to the ground truth, in order threats from a risk perspective to provide our clients with reliable This largely depends on the type of and save money and, hopefully, reporting and valuable advice. service that our clients are using. the environment from a vessel Producing clear and unambiguous We have products and services with efficiency one. advice can be hard work, requiring different time horizons – e.g. from both specialist knowledge and 1 week, to multiple times a day. If a deep experience. Piecing together client is operating in a particularly an intelligence picture can be like high-risk area this can be even doing a jigsaw without the aid of more should we need to update the box lid and is often further them following new intelligence complicated by having gaps where to indicate a heightened risk to pieces are missing. Interpolating them. Being a 24 hour operation and extrapolating becomes a our clients also have access to email

38 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 and telephone consultancy any as the situation in Yemen, it’s vitally as a deterrent against attacks, and time of day or night. We know that important for us to quickly assess improved security measures being this is a source of great comfort the likely impact of events upon adopted by shipping companies. and confidence to the masters our clients. In this particular case, All have contributed to helping and crews we support. In short, we were able to establish that the contain but not eliminate the threat. they know that they can speak to situation in Yemeni ports was not as Should any one of these elements us at any hour of the day or night, reported by port authorities, as well be removed then it is likely that we wherever they are in the world if as identify the impact of maritime will see a notable increase in piracy they have concerns. coalition forces seeking to blockade as a result. The Gulf of Guinea has the country. Giving good advice in seen a slight decrease but we have such a situation is built upon the seen a drop in tanker hijacks for Q. Clearly there are known foundations of methodical analysis, cargo theft while kidnap of crew trouble hot spots around the knowledge of the environment remains a real concern. Kidnap in world, but are you able to and normal patterns of life and an Nigeria is endemic and the attacks foresee potential new threats understanding of our clients and at sea are just an extension of this before they take hold? their objectives and plans. threat. Southeast Asia is currently seeing the highest volume of By continually monitoring political, maritime crime incidents globally. religious and social stressors, and Q. In your 2014 Maritime Crime However, for the most part, this analysing historical risk data, it is figures report, (published in is often low level crime by local possible to predict some, but not the March issue of The Report gangs. The significant increase in all, new threats. Another forecasting Magazine), Dryad gave a the hijack of small regional tankers technique is to consider the comprehensive overview of the seen last year continues into 2015. probable impacts of current threats threats region by region. How and These hijacks are almost certainly to identify new ones. For instance, why are the threats changing? intelligence led and are orchestrated the migrant crisis that we are seeing by criminal syndicates. Without in the Mediterranean has come as a We have seen a significant downturn aggressive policing of the region direct result of the civil war in Libya, in piracy in the over waters and the arrest and detention as more and more refugees risk the last few years. This has been a of criminals, we are unlikely to see their lives at sea to flee the conflict. result of increased naval presence any drop in these crime figures in Where things change quickly, such in these regions, the use of PMSCs the near future. Outside of piracy

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 39 and maritime crime, the shipping motivation to mount attacks against always share our information freely industry has other worries, such as superyachts in the Mediterranean, with appropriate governments the situation in Libya, Yemen and the let alone the opportunity given when we think it might help a Eastern Med, the impact of maritime that most yachts do not operate ship’s crew and we understand why migrants and terrorism in choke close to Libyan shores. As with government agencies act in the points like the . Plenty all threat assessments, things can way that they do. to think about. change for ill as well as good, so this is something we will continue to monitor. Recently reported plans Q. And finally, is there a message Q. I recently read that you have to deploy maritime forces to deal you have for marine surveyor in been commissioned by MYBA (the with the Mediterranean migrant general and is there an intelligence Worldwide Yachting Association) change the situation further as such based role they can play to help to produce a report on the naval forces will seek to dominate keep seafarers safe at sea? potential threat that ISIS poses the water space they are operating to superyachts sailing in the in. The threat to aship in port can, My message to your readers and Mediterranean. So this is a two in theory, be little more than that members is based on our collective part question a) how do you map to a hotel in the same area, but as interests. The maritime industry out such a project and b) how we recently saw with the terrorist is massive and yet close knit – a serious is the threat at this time? attacks in Paris and Tunis, such real international community terror attacks are possible and very that crosses national boundaries That is correct. We were approached difficult to predict. and joins seafarers and those by MYBA to produce a report on that support them in a family of the ISIS threat to superyachts professionals and friends. Your in the Mediterranean following Q. How much support (if any) members are geographically some media reports that ISIS do you need and get from diverse, well connected and have could look to target these vessels governments locally and from a very keen eye for detail. Most in this region. We were asked the maritime world in general? importantly, they likely share to give our assessment of the the duty of care that we have for legitimacy of the threat based We get plenty of support from international seafarers. With all of on the intelligence we had at the our sources in the maritime world, this in mind, I would encourage time. For this project we looked which range from the ship’s teams your members to use that attention to use our operational maritime to trusted agents around the world. to detail to draw the focus of our experience, alongside a wide variety Governments are understandably company and national agencies of available information to quantify more circumspect when it comes and organisations to anything they the threat and assess the risk of IS to sharing information. I’m afraid feel may threaten the wellbeing in Libya mounting such attacks. that there’s sometimes a tendency of mariners around the globe. If The process involved is ingrained to view companies such as ours you think you’ve seen something in our team from years of actual with some suspicion. It’s a shame that affects maritime security, and exercise threat assessment really as our job is to look after our then please feel free to contact us work in their former roles in the clients. We’re not trying to gain any ([email protected]) Royal Navy. Without going into advantage or obtain any secrets or one of the other bodies who the detail of our assessment, we from governments. Actually, the have an interest in the safety of judged that the press reports were reverse is true in that we have more mariners, such as the IMB Piracy painting a picture not supported by to offer them than they’re likely Reporting Centre, MTISC (Ghana), the reality and that it was unlikely to offer us, due to our knowledge, ReCaap, or whoever you think that IS would have the capability or experience and resources. We could use the information.

40 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 The focus of this article SURVEYING is on the process and the logistics involved in surveying large crewed yachts, rather than on the practicalities of the survey. The areas of inspection are LARGE basically the same as on any pre purchase survey, albeit larger and with regard to machinery systems can be CREWED more technically involved, the time frame of course is YACHTS much longer.

BY Phil Duffy MIIMS Principal Surveyor at Interface Marine Yacht and Boat Surveyors France

TheThe ReportReport •• JuneJune 20152015 •• IIssuessue 7272 | 41 ne question I often get asked The following are the stages involved The Crew Ois how to get the business, in a large yacht pre purchase survey, or how to make the jump from although essentially the same as Although the crew you may have surveying small pleasure craft to any survey, there are some critical to deal with can vary from a single larger vessels.... As always, the differences to consider. temporary Captain onboard, to a client will need to trust your ability fully crewed commercial charter to carry out the job, and for that The Contract yacht with upwards of twenty you will need to prove your track crew. It is important to establish record with references etc. It can be Having won the job you need to be a working relationship with the a chicken and egg situation, unless absolutely sure you have got your crew, especially the Captain and you have worked for one of the numbers right and that the client Chief engineer, as they will make larger surveying companies or are knows exactly what he is paying your job a lot easier in as far as able to assist on some large yacht for, it is often better to give a full opening up areas, collecting service surveys and gain an insight that package price including, fees, travel histories and access to work lists way. In my case it was quite an easy expenses, engine analysis, Engine etc. If at all possible it is best to try transition, as during my career at Techs for the Sea Trial and include and contact the Captain directly sea I have held both Engineer and the quote from the Ship Yard for in advance and discuss your Captain Positions of large yachts. dry dock, etc. It is important to requirements, being mindful that One of the most fundamental ensure that the client is very clear if the sale goes through they could differences with the large crewed as to whom, why and when he has be out of a job; so be sympathetic. yachts is that you are very rarely, to make payments. You will also Unfortunately there can also be if ever dealing with the principal; need to check if your PI will cover an air of resentment with your you are dealing with brokers, you for the job. The girls at Matrix arrival onboard; you are after all, and managers, PA’s, lawyers and were very good at arranging extra checking up on the crew’s level technical representatives, therefore cover for a one off job we had last of maintenance and professional your approach needs to be very year where the yacht was worth competence. You should try to businesslike and organised. I €40million. The reality is, if you remain objective at all times, have found it is far better to grasp don’t have a good legal team on and unless you find something the nettle and drive the process your side, get one! Once you have dangerous, keep your opinion in forward in-house with regard a schedule for the survey firmed up, your notes. In my experience the to organising sea trials and dry it pays to ask for emailed copies of vast majority of the crews I have docking etc rather than wait to find the vessel’s statutory documents, dealt with have been very helpful out that a broker has arranged a sea technical specification and any and professional, and you usually trial with 40knts forecast! drawings that are available. get great meals onboard!

“ the sea trial is where you, the surveyor, are everybody’s centre of attention ”

42 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 “ take control of the situation and planning from the beginning ”

The Sea Trial Don’t answer! The only person you The Dry Docking should report to is your instructing It is important to realise that the client’s direct representative; On very large yachts the buyer’s sea trial for a large yacht survey otherwise you could open yourself representative may want to is usually the first and most to major litigation. consider not having the vessel important stage of the survey. dry docked, especially if the yacht This is due to the standard contract The sea trial is usually scheduled for has been recently out of the water conditions between buyer and four hours maximum. It may seem for a class inspection; however, seller stating that if the buyer does a long time but there is a lot to it is sometimes prudent to have not declare his rejection in writing get through! You will usually have a diver inspection nevertheless, within 24hrs of the sea trial, due onboard the engine manufacture’s and always ensure that any to the vessel not performing as technicians to make computer such limitations to the scope of expected; it is deemed that the diagnostic analysis of the engines. the survey is in the contract. If vessel has been accepted subject Oil samples need to be taken of the vessel is to be hauled, it is to the condition survey. main machinery, and they may important to have a very clear be vibration analysis technicians agreement with the yard’s project The sea trial is where you, the onboard as well. You will have to manager as to the schedule and surveyor, are everybody’s centre take sound level checks throughout what your requirements are. of attention. On a recent sea trial the vessel, along with the standard For instance you may have NTD we had the owner’s team onboard manoeuvres, ground tackle test, technicians scheduled for a UTM consisting of a lawyer, a broker, and tender launch and recovery. inspection or you may require shaft and two technical representatives. Normally an interim report is issued clearance measurements on the tail The buyer’s team was a broker, the within 24hrs to confirm the survey shafts or stabilisers. Again, I have Captain and Chief Engineer from can continue without issue or the found it is better to take control his existing yacht and two technical worst case scenario that the sale of the situation and planning representatives. You will often get may be been cancelled due to from the beginning to ensure a asked during the sea trial how is major faults discovered or lack of complete hull inspection is carried everything going? expected performance. out to your satisfaction.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 43 Condition Survey but rather the time involved. The as possible, as you will need to contractual agreements involved add annexes containing reports Once the vessel is re launched, with large yacht sales usually have from engine techs, oil sample you can then complete the survey very tight time frames, so to survey analysis, hull UTM and any other which is along the lines of any a 40m yacht on your own and write consultants you may have engaged. pre purchase marine survey; the report may simply take too As far as the style of the report is however, you may need to engage long for the client’s requirements. concerned I feel it is important a specialist consultant with regard If you do have the opportunity to remain objective, as with any to the vessel’s Audio Visual and IT to quote on a large yacht survey I yacht, whether you personally like systems. This is a very specialist area strongly suggest you contact the or dislike the interior styling or and the onboard systems can be Institute and find an experienced any other aspect of the vessel is very extensive and may have had surveyor to assist you on some or irrelevant, you are being asked to several upgrades over time. all of the surveys. simply report on the condition of the yacht as you find it; however, Another area to consider using a The Report I do feel that the report should consultant is in the accommodation reflect the vessel’s purpose as a as this can be very time consuming: You will almost always be asked luxury yacht and should have more especially if you are not used to for the full condition report within depth to it than, for instance, a inspecting Italian marble bathrooms 48hrs of the survey completion. This survey of a commercial work boat. with gold plated taps and rare wood is where pre planning is important; veneers! If you miss something it essentially you need to write the Finally it is worth remembering that could be very costly! We have often report as you proceed with the although a large yacht is a luxury engaged an ex large yacht chief survey. To avoid any pressure, do item, and may have a market value stewardess to carry out interior not leave it all to the end, sitting in the millions, and is usually loaded cosmetic inspections, which ensures down with a pile of notes, some with lots of expensive toys and high the required attention to detail. several days old, and a few hundred tech gadgets, your first priority as a pictures to sift through! Pressure surveyor is to ask yourself, is it safe? I have been asked if you can carry makes for poor reporting. Having Is it fit for purpose as a sea going out a condition survey of a large said that you may need to put vessel? An old engineer I once knew yacht on your own. The issue is not pressure on your sub contractors used to say “Our job lad, is to keep about your level of competence to provide their reports as soon the people in and the water out!”

“ your first priority as a surveyor is to ask yourself, ‘is it safe?’ ”

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For more info email Specialist Units in: [email protected] Yachts & Small Craft, Cargo, Tel: +44 (0) 23 9238 5223 Commercial Vessels and Engineering The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 45 marketing tips 15 to help you win more clients Many small business owners believe marketing is something that is done by other, larger organisations. In any small business in any industry, Often people believe marketing to be complicated, rather like an exact science. In reality it is not and much marketing is vitally important as a of it is common sense. In essence, marketing is: mechanism to retain existing clients as • knowing and understanding your target audience well as attracting new ones. In this, the • Discovering the needs of your target audience • Creating and implementing a marketing plan to first of an occasional series of business deliver a relevant offering related articles, we offer you 15 tips to • Retaining loyal customers and winning new ones help you win new clients and grow your profits. Tip 3 Tip 5 Get yourself known Understand how your in the market place Tip 1 prospective client will choose to buy Understand the Take any and every opportunity buying cycle to speak, write or share your Some of the most popular ways knowledge and passion for people learn about professional Your potential clients will go marine surveying. Let people service providers are: through the following process: know that you are an expert in your field with a breadth of • Referrals from people • They recognise they have a experience and knowledge. in their network need or a want • Word of mouth • They search for solutions • Online research to their problem • Google • They create a shortlist of Tip 6 • Business articles solutions before settling • Trade shows and conferences on one Know and understand • They find a business that your competition can provide the solution • They hire that business Often overlooked, this is a key part Tip 4 of your marketing strategy and proposition. Indeed some people Make your are not even sure who their real marketing proposition specific competitors are, or what they Tip 2 have to offer the market and the Potential clients want to believe advantages of their service over Recognise that you cannot sell and be comfortable that your and above yours. It is also the case your services to everyone business can precisely meet that some business owners think their needs. If you have served they know their competition, but Your service will only appeal to a or provided a similar solution for do not keep an eye on them. This certain subsection of any market someone like them before and means they are not best placed to sector. Focus on that sector and have testimonials, they are more fill the gaps when they are left by dismiss the rest. likely to choose you. their competitors.

46 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 “Don’t wait for Tip 13 Always write accurate testimonials – Tip 10 marketing blurb Don’t wait for Do ensure that what you write ask for them” testimonials – ask for them about your business and services is correct and accurate. If you offer A testimonial is someone else doing a service, make sure that you have your sales and marketing for you. the means and expertise to deliver If their experience of your service it in its entirety. ‘It does what it says was so positive, ask them to write on the tin’ is a good adage. you a testimonial. This can then be used on your web site and in your Tip 7 marketing blurb. Tip 14 Become a prospective Check for mistakes buyer for your competition Tip 11 If you read a web site or brochure Get someone in your network Generate free publicity that is full of spelling mistakes, or to make contact with your poor grammar, would that make competitors so you can understand This is not always the easiest you more likely or less likely to how good or bad they are at thing to do, but use public want to use that supplier’s services? handling the initial enquiry and relations as a means to generate Less likely for sure. Make sure how they price their services. Learn free publicity about you and your you thoroughly proof read your from the good and the bad and services. Offer to go and speak marketing material and correct it understand what your competitors on a local radio station about an for errors. If this is not your skill are not delivering and then position aspect of marine surveying for then ask someone in your network your proposition accordingly! example; or write to the media to do so for you. and offer to contribute some editorial that may be of interest to their readers. Target which Tip 8 media you approach with care. Tip 15 Define your unique Understand the selling proposition (USP) demographics of those Tip 12 who are most likely to buy Your USP is not a catchy slogan. It is from you the unique position your business Maintain regular contact holds in the minds of your potential with existing clients * Age of your potential clients and existing clientele. * Their likely income range Keep your existing clients in touch * Even their education level with any news, or new services If you know the demographics of you have to offer. Do not assume those who are likely to use your Tip 9 they will necessarily remember service, then you can target your you when they next need to buy. marketing programme accordingly. Understand that Send them a letter, an email, or a price is not always the key telephone call periodically. Make factor when people purchase a point of over delivering on your clients’ expectations. Never ignore There is a misconception that your existing customers. It may people will always choose the have cost you money to get them “Get yourself cheapest offer. This is not the case. onboard in the first instance. They Studies show that price is quite should be easier to sell to than often not the major consideration. new prospects as you are a known known in the Indeed being the cheapest can quantity to them. sometimes be detrimental because market place” people regard your service as in some way inferior.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 47 Education Part One

The Importance What is Education? of Assessment Exposing students to new ideas and essential facts is only part of most educational goals. Students are also expected to retain most if not all of the information that they learn Formal Schooling in school. Teachers and professors commonly use exams and graded Most people associate education assignments to assess learning. with schools and classrooms where trained teachers present information Standardized tests are one of the to students. Classroom learning most popular ways of driving generally starts when a child is curricula and lesson planning relatively young around age five in throughout the world. These sorts BY Capt Khalil U Khan most countries and continues until of tests help make sure that all the teenage years. The purpose of students are learning the same Regional Director, most classroom learning is not to basic things, no matter who their IIMS Pakistan, FIIMS prepare a child for a specific job, but teacher is or where they attend rather to help him or her develop school. Sometimes, laws also have critical reasoning and thinking a role to play, like the United States’ In general “Education” skills. Reading, writing, and math No Child Left Behind Act. This act is used in a broad sense are very common lessons for young creates a way to measure how and traditionally used learners. As students progress in much each child is learning across their schooling, they often come different school systems to ensure to define a process of into contact with more challenging that all children receive a minimum learning and acquiring subjects like written composition, level of knowledge. information. However, history, and advanced sciences. formal learning in a Advanced school or university is University one of the most common. Educational Training Though self-teaching structures around the Many people choose to extend and “life experiences” world their formal education beyond what may also qualify. is required by pursuing university Communities around the Different countries place different studies. Students typically have emphases on education, though a wide range of choices when it world place a high value some form of schooling is comes to subject area and degree on educating people of mandatory for young children options, and most schools offer all ages, whether formally almost everywhere. Requirements programs at varying levels. Those or informally. It is widely are usually based on the belief who are very passionate about a that an educated population is particular topic often choose to believed that constant best suited for advancement, both study it intently at the graduate exposure to new ideas internally and internationally. In level; others who hope to enter and skills makes people most places, childhood schooling certain specialized professions is offered free of charge; university may also seek out more nuanced better workers, thinkers, training is also underwritten with educational opportunities, such as and societal contributors. government funds in some places. law school or medical school.

48 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 aspects of learning and how the research method used to support the brain functions. The theories and proposed education theory. ideas developed during education research are published and provide Research into education has a the basis for the education system huge impact on the design of Life Experiences and teaching model. courses, curriculum development, and Informal and teacher training. This field Learning In order to become an education has grown tremendously in the researcher, you will need a post- last 25 years, resulting in a more Book learning is very important to graduate degree in education. The thoughtful approach to elementary acquire. As some individuals are self- majority of education researchers education, the challenges facing taught this means that they pursue are also fully training teachers who economically disadvantaged knowledge on their own outside of have worked as a teacher earlier in students and the role of schools a formal classroom. Many of these their career. Important skills for this within a community. Additional people may have read extensively type of position include analytical developments in teacher training and broadly and consider themselves thinking, good communication, and have improved the quality of the experts within a given field. Bill Gates, presentation skills. education provided and the impact founder of Microsoft, for example, of education in everyday life. was a college dropout. Most of what Psychological education research he learned he taught himself. focuses on the different learning styles and the most effective way A range of “life skills” — things like to teach each style. They explore self-sufficiency, independence, the importance of atmosphere, Why is and discipline also frequently delivery method, presentation, Education come within the broader umbrella and student-teacher interaction. important? of education. Cultural adaptation In this school of thought, they also and the skills needed to engage explore the impact of personality in society can also be thought of on education absorption. Education is definitely important as educational. In most cases, any for everyone. In order to live time a person acquires a new skill In the sociological school of in a civilized, spiritualistic and or learns to act in a new way, he thought, education research is ethical society, all of us need to be has been educated in some form focuses on the impact of economic educated. Well, why should we live or another. circumstance, family structure, in a society that gives importance level of parental involvement, to ethics? Yes, it is very important siblings and other social issues. to follow ethics. Broadly speaking, The main theory is that success an ethical background involves in education and related pursuits knowing the limitations of dealing is deeply affected by the student with elders, friends, relatives, with Education family situation. Education research common man, and the government. Research provides a method of evaluating Being equipped with good ethics is Evaluation which unique strategies might help a part of our education. these students succeed. Education through schools, Education research is the study and A biological education researcher colleges or any other institution, evaluation of different educational focuses on the genetic predisposition will fetch us not only the theories. This type of work covers of the student. Discussion about knowledge, but will raise our all education levels, from preschool innate intelligence, brain capacity ability to develop our talents to to post graduate degrees. The and utilization all stem from this type make use of the knowledge that purpose of education research is of research. This area of research can we have gained. According to me, to develop education theories and be controversial, as many people are completing a college education methodologies and evaluate the divided on the belief that intelligence means to gain the eligibility to success of these concepts in practice. is based on effort, and not biology. start leading a successful life.

There are four main areas to Analytical research into education On the other side, education education research: compiles the different theories, removes illusions and confusion studies and evaluates their but gives us the ability to look at 1. Psychological, effectiveness. This is a very important everything with clarity. It builds up 2. Sociological, role, as it validates or negates the our confidence, and allows us to face 3. Biological, and conclusions suggested by the life boldly. Education makes us face 4. Analytical. research study author. They provide success and failure courageously. an impartial review of the data and Education teaches us to think, and All four areas investigate different

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 49 try to reason wisely every question until we are met with an answer. Education opens up a great career It Gives for us, with many opportunities to Knowledge survive in this world. The skills that It Builds we gained through education will Character get us a brilliant career where we “An investment in knowledge can use our expertise to satisfy a pays the best interest.” - company. Education wipes away Benjamin Franklin. A direct effect “A man’s own manner and character the wrong beliefs we have. Though of education is knowledge gain. is what most becomes him.” – schools and colleges form a basic Education gives us knowledge of Marcus Tullius Cicero. The platform for education, our life the world around. It develops in us words ‘cultivate’ and ‘civilize’ are experiences are better lessons a perspective of looking at life. It synonymous with ‘educate’. That to educate us. So everyone will helps us form opinions and develop says it all. Education is important develop the art of self- learning after a point of view. The information we as it teaches us the right behavior college. This self- learning will help are constantly bombarded with, and good manners, thus making us to lead our life properly. So, one cannot be converted into knowledge us civilized. It is the basis of culture needs to be educated all through his without the catalyst called education. and civilization. It is instrumental or her life time. Education makes us capable of in the development of our values interpreting things rightly and and virtues. Education cultivates The first time we are introduced to applying the gathered information us into mature individuals; formal education is in school. in real life scenarios. Education is not individuals capable of planning The school years are the grounding limited to lessons from textbooks. for the future, and taking the right years of one’s education. Schools are Real education is obtained from the decisions in life. It gives us an institutions that lay the foundation lessons taught by life. insight into living, and teaches us of a child’s development. They play a to learn from experience. It makes key role in developing children into us self-confident, and develops responsible citizens and good human our abilities to think, analyze, beings. It’s a school where young It Leads and judge. It fosters principles of talent is recognized and nurtured. to Career equality and socialism. It forms a On leaving school, we are all set to Progression support system for one to excel in soar high in life, and enter the real life. It is the backbone of society. It world in pursuit of our dreams. won’t be wrong to say that good “An expert is one who knows more education makes us more human. Education provides us with and more about less and less.” - knowledge about the world. It Nicholas M. Butler. paves the way for a good career. Education is important because it It helps build character. It leads equips us with the expertise that to enlightenment. It lays the is needed in helping us realize our It Leads to foundation of a stronger nation. career goals. Expertise is an in- Enlightenment Education makes a man complete. depth knowledge about a specific Kautilya, an Indian philosopher, field and it is thought to open doors royal adviser, and professor to brilliant career opportunities. “Education is the kindling of a of economics and political Education fetches better prospects flame, not the filling of a vessel.” science very rightly underlined of career growth. Good education – Socrates. Education paves the the importance of education, is an eligibility criterion for path to disillusionment. It wipes some 2000 years ago. He has employment in any sector of the out the wrong beliefs from our highlighted the fact that education industry. Be it any field, education minds. It helps create a clear picture enriches people’s understanding always proves to be rewarding. We of things around, and erases all of themselves. He has said that are weighed in the market on the the confusion. It kindles the flame education is an investment basis of our educational skills and of curiosity and helps awaken in human capital, on how well we can apply them. the abilities to question, and to and it can have a reason. The more we learn, the great impact more questions we have, on a nation’s and without questions, growth and there are no answers. development. Education teaches us to find answers. It makes us more self- aware. It leads us to enlightenment.

50 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Every single one of you has people. They are usually in a something to offer. And you have a position to make decisions at responsibility to yourself to discover work. This results in higher job what that is. That’s the opportunity satisfaction which leads to a It Helps a an education can provide.” better quality of life. Nation Progress • Educated people are found “Our progress as a nation can be to have higher self-esteem. no swifter than our progress in Their lives are mostly well- education. The human mind is Necessity for planned, and have a definite our fundamental resource.” - Education direction. They have better John F. Kennedy. problem-solving skills and are Though not enlisted as one of the Education helps us with many consequently better equipped three basic human needs, education things, but most importantly, to handle everyday decisions. is equally important. For the progress it empowers an individual to of a nation, for the enrichment think, question, and see beyond • Children of educated parents of society in general, education the obvious. Human beings are have access to better education is important. A country’s literate born with a natural tendency to facilities. These children have a population is its asset. In today’s question. Education is the best higher cognitive development competitive world, it won’t be wise to way to satiate our curiosity, as compared to children of neglect the importance of education without extinguishing the burning uneducated parents. for the development of society as a desire to learn and explore more. whole. Most countries have realized Here are a few ‘obvious’ reasons • Educated people are better this. It has led to the development of for educating oneself. positioned to contribute many government-aided educational positively to society, and even programs and government grants • Education broadens our towards the environment, to schools and colleges. The motive horizon and gives us a better as they understand the behind this is fostering education understanding of the world implications of their choices in society. The future of a nation is around us and how things work. and actions. safe in the hands of the educated. Education is important for the social • The world needs education, • In developing countries, development and economic since it is the basis of a civilized, education is viewed as means growth of a nation. structured society. to alleviate poverty and engineer social change. It isn’t Schools and other educational • Education helps people to a magic pill for solving all the institutes define the basic framework think rationally and avoid problems. But it can surely of education. Schooling gives us the illusions in life. be a ladder to climb out of fundamentals. We specialize in fields poverty, exclusion, ignorance, of our interest during degree courses. • Education reduces social and oppression, and war. The number of institutes offering economic disparity, allowing vocational courses and those offering progress to be shared equally. One may turn back the pages of online education is increasing by history and reexamine primitive the day. Vocational courses help • It gives scope for technical societies and their barbaric lives. It earn specialized education. Online advancements in fields of is the best way to realize the need degree programs help the working science and technology. of education. Many ineffective, class and adults pursue education modern educational systems have even while continuing work. Distance • Studies indicate that educated proved successful in opening education has proven to be of great people have longer life people’s eyes, but they have closed help for many. But education is expectancies. They tend to people’s minds. It is very important not limited to that obtained from lead a healthier lifestyle by to analyze needs and improvise the educational institutes. Learning is a exercising more and playing support system to ensure a better lifelong process. Rather, self-learning more sports. Most of them future for forthcoming generations. begins at a point where institutional understand the implications Its purpose should be to empower education ends. The process of of diet and lifestyle on their mind and soul, to achieve its full self-learning continues throughout health, enabling them to make potential. Whether our systems one’s life. This is well-supported by a healthy choices. achieve or hinder that purpose is speech made by US President Barack another discussion. Obama. In his national address to • On an average, educated students across the nation, he said: people have more meaningful To be continued in: Education “... Every single one of you has and interesting jobs than PartTwo - Education in Pakistan something that you’re good at. those held by uneducated

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 51 he inaugural London London International Shipping A major event of the week will be TInternational Shipping Week, 7-11 September, will be the the one-day LISW Conference and Week (LISW) back in ‘must attend’ event of 2015, offering Gala Dinner, to be held on Thursday over 100 industry functions and 10 September. The Conference will 2013 was an unparalleled unique networking opportunities be held at the Grosvenor House success. As LISW 2015 is for leaders across all sectors of the Hotel, Park Lane, one of most fast approaching Steering international shipping industry luxurious five-star hotels in London, Group member Doug – regulators, charterers, ship where industry leaders and top Barrow, Chief Executive of owners, ship managers, bunker government speakers will focus on suppliers, lawyers, ship brokers, London at the heart of maritime. Maritime London, reflects bankers, insurers, marine surveyors, Later in the evening, the Gala on the LISW’s success: commodity traders and brokers, ship Dinner (preceded by a Champagne suppliers, port operators, shipping Reception) will also take place at “It certainly exceeded our service providers and many more. the Grosvenor House Hotel. expectations for the first event. The steering group all had confidence The sell-out one-day LISW Doug Barrow outlines the reasons that it would be a success, but Conference and Gala Dinner, both on behind the success of LISW15: Thursday 10 September at Grosvenor “It had long been a view that there momentum gained as we neared House, will attract the very highest should be a regular, significant the start of the week. There were level government and shipping maritime event in London. After some within the industry who leaders from the UK and around the all, London is the world’s premier world to crown what promises to be maritime business centre. There have were sceptical about “yet another another amazing week. been attempts to hold a Posidonia maritime event” and were slow type event around a maritime to connect, but it soon became With a wealth of industry functions exhibition, but the format didn’t work. planned for the week, London Exhibitions are good for displaying apparent that, with significant International Shipping Week will and promoting equipment and visible industry support matched by an be the high level networking services, but not ideal for promoting enthusiasm from government, this opportunity of the year for leaders professional business services so was going to be big; and it was. across all sectors of the international we needed to look at alternative shipping industry – regulators, models. The energy industry has, for With over 70 separate events during charterers, ship owners, ship many years, had a very successful the week, a high profile conference managers, lawyers, brokers, bankers, International Petroleum Week that and having to move the dinner to a insurers, ship suppliers, ports and attracts over 2000 influential industry shipping service providers and all figures and government officials to larger capacity venue due to demand involved in the shipping world. three days of conferences, roundtables for tickets, life was not dull.”

52 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 Photo: www.londoninternationalshippingweek.com

and breakfast sessions with a series “The UK is the leading centre of networking opportunities. This worldwide in the supply of a broad The Official seemed to be a good formula that range of professional and business could apply to the maritime industries. services to the international maritime LISW2015 App Even with this model, efforts had community, accounting for 21% of been made to develop a form of premiums in international marine is now live! LISW a few years ago, but we were insurance, over $64bn in committed unable to find an organiser who was ship finance (or 15% of the world A fully interactive prepared to take the financial risk. In loan book) and it has the largest September 2012, Shipping Innovation concentration of legal service firms experience that approached the industry to take the specialising in the sector.” connects you with concept forward and, after a series of delegates, speakers, meetings, both the industry and the London is also the predominant government agreed to support the supplier of shipbroking services sponsors and concept. It was realized then that for worldwide and is the major player exhibitors. the event to be a success, industry and when it comes to maritime dispute government had to work together resolution. London continues to be a with the organisers, they did and the major port and trading hub too. The Download Now! rest is history.” second biggest port in the UK it is also home to the UK’s busiest inland “LISW15 will be considering the waterway for freight, passengers areas players will need to address and a centre for sporting events. in order to consider a ten year perspective on shipping. The London International overarching theme is Shipping in Shipping Week is organised by 2025 and we have identified five Shipping Innovation – a joint particular areas to be considered venture between Elaborate Innovation; Investment; Challenges; Communications and Petrospot Relationship with Government and – in association with the the evolution of World Maritime Department for Transport, The Trade. The conference on 10th Baltic Exchange, Maritime London, September will focus on these Maritime UK, the UK Chamber of areas and it is anticipated that the Shipping, UK Major Ports Group, majority of events during the week and TheCityUK, the independent will be tied into these themes.” promotional body for UK financial and professional services.

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 53 “Leadership” BY Capt. Reaz Shahid, Master Mariner (UK), MSC (UK), Dip IMS (Aus) A Rare Quality AffiIIMS, AssocAIMS

Since the outset of my career as Merchant Marine officer, very often I used to hear people talking about leadership qualities while discussing the role of a Master on board the ship. It is my candid confession that at that stage I had only an equivocal notion about this trait. I was fazed by the people saying that an individual can not inculcate leadership qualities but one has to be born with it. Undoubtedly, leadership is the most sought after quality and every one in the Maritime Industry admires that all ships are operated by people with leadership qualities.

During my case study research under work based learning program which culminated with my MSC degree in Safety Management System, this was seemingly a break through toward my cognition about the true sense of “leadership qualities”. I am sure everyone involved with the operation of ships very much understands about International Management Code for safe operation of ship & pollution prevention (ISM code) and Safety Management System (SMS). My research was based on a case study of Safety Management System (SMS) on board a car carrier. It was a qualitative research which entailed interviewing all crew on board a specific ship and

54 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 subsequent analysis of qualitative I had been sailing as Master crew; thereby forming multicultural data. At one point of my research, on board car carriers for seven environment on board the ship. As I had started feeling that not only years before quitting sailing and a consequence, ethical standards SMS but almost everything for safe curving my career in the Marine of each crew will not be analogous operation of ship contingent upon Survey field. It was my last ship and will be largely dominated by Master - who is holding ultimate where I did the case study and their social culture which in turn authority on board the ship. The as a consequence, to my dismay is likely to influence their ethos; significance of Master’s role is I did not get the opportunity subsequently their leadership well recognized in the maritime to practice the outcome of my qualities. Therefore, people with industry which has been reflected research on board the ship. I was poor ethical standards in leadership by the inclusion of Master’s always under the impression that if role may not be able to live up to overriding authority related to I really could instil those leadership industry’s expectation as a whole. safety and pollution prevention in qualities during my sailing era, the ISM Code. it would have made a significant There are lots of other contributory difference to my performance factors which are likely to influence During the research, the finding particularly when I had served as an individual’s integrity as well of my case study was triangulated chief officer and Master. However, I e.g. unreasonably high ambition, with document review. Surprisingly, was forced to recant partially about greediness developed due to poor the inference I drew from the case the MCA research outcome after financial background, political and study was not very far from the close monitoring of people in the economical influence on social finding of research carried out leadership role. culture etc. to name a few. These by Maritime Coastguard Agency factors also have a significant (MCA), UK. Based on the research Albeit aforementioned 10 effect on an individual’s personality finding, MCA published a practical leadership qualities are likely to and a person may not be able to guide for leaders in Maritime make a significant difference to emancipate themselves from those industry “Leading for Safety”. The an individual’s performance in influences while serving on board guidebook illustrated in details the leadership role, but in my the ship in the leadership role. about ten leadership qualities that opinion, those qualities are not Master should have for safe and the only trait for someone to be a Over the period of time a person efficient operation of a ship. successful leader. Despite having after practicing may attain all I have succinctly mentioned below all 10 leadership qualities, a person the 10 leadership qualities. only the 10 leadership qualities may fail completely to lead the But it is nearly impossible for identified by MCA research and to team if they inherit poor ethical him to eschew the poor ethical learn more about the MCA research standards. For example, prejudice, standard that he inherits from his finding germane to leadership corruption etc. is particularly social culture. Despite having 10 qualities, an intrigued reader may prevalent among the people living leadership qualities identified by refer to this guide book which is in certain regions. People originated MCA research may not be able available on the website. from those regions even do not to revamp a person having poor consider those actions as unethical ethical standards. This hindsight or immoral. Moreover, most of the made me feel that the outcome of ships trading in the ocean are being my research was fragmentary and operated by multinational needs lot more qualitative research to accomplish an inviolable outcome. Till then, I will term ! “Leadership” - a rare quality. Confidence H|S and Authority • Instil respect and Empathy and command authority Understanding Motivation and • lead the team • Practise ‘tough Commitment by example empathy • Motivate and create • draw on knowledge • be sensitive to a sense of community Openness and experience different cultures • Place the safety of and Clarity • remain calm • recognise the crew and passengers • Communicate in a crisis crew’s limitations above everything and listen clearly

The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 | 55 As the start of a new occasional series entitled I had entered the industry as a cadet and peaked in my sea going ‘The day in the life of’, The Report Magazine career with having been trusted interviewed Capt Zarir Irani (a future IIMS President). with the responsibilities of 4 stripes at the age of 30. After 2 years in command on bulk carries, I was found by my Guru (mentor) Captain A day in the life of Daraius who offered me a job in a 135 year old International marine surveying and consultancy firm at their Sharjah office in UAE. It was my first shore job offer. It felt like a Zarir Irani second stint at cadetship in a new country with very few friends.

Relocation was not too difficult with a 3 year old son and an ever supporting wife, it was a no brainer to choose between - starting a new life ashore as a marine surveyor Zarir Irani on his Harley or continue sailing as Master on board merchant ships. We chose Davidson at home ready for the former and landed up on the his sunday Cruize - photo Arabian shores. curtesy Mr Nisit Doshi. Q2. How long have you been a practicing marine surveyor?

Having completed 11 years as a surveyor, we as Constellation Marine have successfully accomplished 10 thousand assignments recently in May 2015 and are looking forward for more exciting and challenging work to come along. As I keep saying to those who matter to me “grow old with me, the best is yet to come”.

While it may not be ideal to work in an environment of nearing 50 degree Celsius in summer months on decks, I have learnt to manage and motivate the stars to do their utmost best in the conditions, keeping client satisfaction at the top of our priority list. Q1. Please tell readers of The My sea going days had its ups and Report magazine a little about downs for the first five years, then Q3. What attracted you into your career to date and how I met the love of my life during my the profession and what do you became a marine surveyor. second mate days and got married you most enjoy about the job? to Ferzin in 1998. Ever since we I have been 26 years in the Maritime sailed together on shorter, more Frankly, I was not attracted to the Industry. It all started as a direct meaningful tours of duty on board surveying job at the first instance. entry cadet after my graduation globally tramping bulk carriers, examinations. I hopped on a ship owned and operated by P&O bulk As it was my first experience ashore for the first time as a 19 year old lad shipping, London. They took care after my sea going days I took all with a fellow Cadet who had sailed of us officers well in those days. I obstacles in my stride as a learning with his dad on merchant ships, so completed my Mates and Master’s opportunity. All I had was a promise I had a guardian angel with me for COC studies at South Shields in the of good mentorship and training the first 9 months of my sea career. North East of England. that Capt Darius was known for, as his reputation preceded him. I knew I would be treated fairly and 56 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72 was taught the right values of this Although as a habit, I do like to set Q6. Away from surveying, what profession. This made me extremely up my client meetings as early as hobbies do you have and how confident and I quickly got a liking possible in the day while I am fresh do you like to relax at the end for the surveying profession. and high on ideas in the mornings. of a busy day? Same applies to planned surveys. A few months into the job, reality The earlier in the day they start, Memories of having the wind in sunk in, I started changing in and more hours in the day you have to my face standing on the extremes out of boiler suits effortlessly, do the job well to your full potential. edges of those bridge wings during mastered the art of taking cat navigational watches at sea cannot naps in car seats waiting for ships Q5. Typically what type of be forgotten. So my best alternative to dock. Understood the real surveying work and projects are to that is to go riding on my Harley reason behind why local agents you involved with? Davidson. To get some wind in the deliberately lie about vessels ETAs face brings back old watch keeping and berthing schedules. Having I listen to client requests who days at sea. laughed it out and overcome the call for my services, focus on the initial anxiety by quickly realising job scope however big or small Staring into the water gazing at that I was not the only surveyor it is. Typically large casualty dolphins or at the horizon is yet in the world who had to go investigations, potential expert another calming trait from old through this, I started enjoying the witness, complicated face offs sailing days, so I have an aquarium more important parts of the job. between crew and authorities, in my office, one at home and a fish Appreciation from Darius and the ship detention by port state, are pond in our backyard, which keeps clients meant everything to me, the kind of SOS calls I attend to on my sanity intact in case I need an and still does. behalf of clients, clubs and local immediate calming effect. P & I correspondents. Meeting newer people from various Power Yoga is something my wife nationalities, I mastered the skills of After availing the integrated Ferzin says helps me a lot and has connecting with crew and officers management system of ISO 9001, changed me over the past year or so, of vessels I used to visit, in record 14001 and 18000, we had bid for she claims to know me be better than breaking time. technical expertise in drafting the I know myself. We have been married inland waterways regulation of the for 17 years now. After repeating this On committing to the one year long capital city in our region. Dynamic “statement of fact” of knowing me IIMS diploma in marine surveying Positioning , rig moves, self well, for the past so many years I have in 2005 I realised the potential propelled barge inspections and come to believe in it now. of this profession. I had written AHTs for CMID, FMEA audits, trials course modules as wealth of is what is creating the buzz in my The warm and loving welcome information along with a fantastic mind with regard to professional home by our tail wagging dog mentor who was always open to a development. Orpheus and a hug from our 14 healthy discussion between what year son Darian are instant stress was written in the books and what Small crafts and luxury yachts need busters after a busy day. was being done in practice in the a refined and detailed approach. Middle East. Surveying became Yachts are a completely different more and more enjoyable with adrenalin rush, I usually am envious every passing day, and still is. of the stars of Constellation who get to go out on sea trials of yachts. Q4. What time do you start your working day and do you have As macro projects trade marking brand any sort of normal daily schedule Constellation Marine and recently and routine? convincing the three wise men to be the Board of Directors for Constellation Shooting out emails first thing in Marine Services to guide us, have been the morning while still in bed by my long desired accomplishments. reaching out to the nearest gadget Initiation of our Gdansk office in on my bed side table is the start of 2015 also ranks high up there in my working day. It’s my comparison this year’s satisfaction quotient. to the comfort of having breakfast in bed. The real answer to this question is, there is no fixed time nor schedule to work which you can call normal or routine.

Zarir Irani at his Dubai office, The Citadel - photo curtesy Mr Nishit Doshi. Contact: Karen Brain Fifty Shades Matrix Insurance Services Ltd Tel: 01892 724060 of Insurance: [email protected] Chapter Five

• An underwriter ought to know: The Marine Insurance Act 1906 Fades to Grey - information known to an employee in the insurance entity or their agents which they in the Shade of the Insurance Act 2015 ought reasonably have passed on to the underwriters, - Information in the possession of the insurer and What the Changes Mean for You... readily available to the underwriter, and • An underwriter is presumed to know: There is often a view amongst those who take out Focussing now on commercial (non-consumer) - information which is common knowledge insurance that insurance companies perform a useful insurance law, it was evident to the Law Commissions - Information which an insurer offering insurance to function but are not there to pay out! In other words that reform was essential as the existing law: a particular field of activity would reasonably be an insurer will make every excuse to void a policy expected to know in the ordinary course of business or avoid paying out under the terms of a policy • Undermined market trust and confidence because based on the failure of an insured to comply with the UK economy was prey to the unbalanced Used by insurers to control risk, warranties are a pre-contractual duty of disclosure, warranties and nature of the law which aggravated disputes means of ensuring that policyholders are held to attempts to prove that an apparently reasonable between insurers and business the terms of their policies, especially if the “basis of claim may be fraudulent. • Threatened the credibility of UK business law contract” principle is applied to the initial proposal because the antiquated nature of the law meant it form. The “basis of contract” has the effect of turning Until 12th February 2015 all insurance was was out of touch with reality the whole form into a warranty allowing insurers underpinned by the Marine Insurance Act (MIA) to void a claim on the flimsiest of pretexts. It is 1906. However, as the title suggests, this has become In order to overcome the archaic MIA the Insurance staggering to think that this principle has been a impracticable in the 21st Century. Therefore the Act 2015 sets out to remedy the old laws in three matter of hot and costly legal dispute since 1908 – Law Commission of England and Wales and the important ways by addressing: just two years after the MIA became law – and has Scottish Law Commission, collectively called the Law only now been addressed by Clause 9 of the Insurance Commissions, have been undertaking since 2006 a • The pre-contractual duty of disclosure and the effect Act 2015 which abolishes “Basis of contract” clauses fundamental reform of the MIA. In so doing they of (mis)representations at that stage from business insurance contracts. Under the current have updated such principles as “utmost good faith”, • The effect of warranties contained in a policy regime insurers have been able to discharge their whereby the insured is obliged to disclose every which often lead to claims not being paid insurance responsibilities over a breach of warranty material circumstance. However, not everyone is • Insurer’s remedies for fraudulent claims which even when that breach had been remedied. This aware of what constitutes a material circumstance and were considered harsh and resulted in wrongful was too harsh so the new Act affect is to make a in the event of a claim insurers may find circumstances accusations of fraud and voiding of policies after breach of warranty merely suspend insurer’s liability of which they were previously unaware and thus years of premium payments and a breach of warranty will be deemed to be decide to invalidate the policy in one fell swoop. remedied if it can be proved that the breach carries no The Law Commissions’ solution to pre-contractual consequences, financial or otherwise to insurers. It is widely supposed that in 1906 it was the fledgling duty of disclosure is to replace the previously insurance companies who were at the mercy of embedded principle of “utmost good faith” Wrongful accusations of fraud that have led to long- well-established city firms, rather than the other way with a new obligation upon insureds that of “a term policies being cancelled instigated the writers round as it is seen today. Thus “utmost good faith” fair representation of the risk” which should be of the new Act to address this problem. There is still begun in the 18th Century, developed in the 19th “reasonably clear and accessible to a prudent insurer”. the remedy for insurers of forfeit of claims if they Century and brought into law in the 20th Century, The legislation states that a “fair presentation of are proven fraudulent as is the current position, and has become irrelevant in the 21st Century where it the risk [requires] disclosure of every material insurers will be able to terminate a policy at the time is seen as being weighted in favour of insurers. So circumstance which the insured knows or ought to of the fraudulent act. However, any outstanding circumstances change for everyone… know, or… gives the insurer sufficient information to legitimate claims prior to the fraudulent claim must put a prudent insurer on notice that it needs to make under the Act still be settled by insurers even if a policy So, what were the Law Commissions’ findings, and further enquiries”. becomes void as the result of a fraudulent claim. what does the new Insurance Act 2015 mean for you? Pre-contractual duty of disclosure also includes the Although the Insurance Act 2015 became law on Before 12th February 2015 the Law Commissions had issue of “Knowledge” for both insured and insurer. 12th February 2015 it will not come into force until already made two pieces of legislation. The first, the An insurer can reasonably expect an insured to 12th August 2016 so until then all policies will Third Parties (Rights against Insurers) Act 2010 makes know about their day to day business activities remain subject to the Marine Insurance Act 1906. it easier for a third party to pursue a claim directly and to include information in their proposal form However, now with the new Act there is light at the against liability insurers if the insured is or becomes that “should reasonably have been revealed by a end of the tunnel. insolvent. Meanwhile, the Consumer Insurance reasonable search”. (Disclosure and Representations) Act 2012 (CIDRA) The Act goes on to lessen the burdens on insureds The above is just a brief summary of the content and deals with misrepresentation, disclosure and breach as it imputes knowledge into underwriters as it is effect of the new 2015 Act that we hope readers have of warranty in consumer general insurance contracts. deemed that: found of interest.

58 | The Report • June 2015 • Issue 72

NEW….Enclosed space training aimed specifically at Marine Surveyors..

WHY HAVE MINES RESCUE MARINE CREATED THIS COURSE?

IIMS are committed to the safety of their people, therefore, this course was created to help marine surveyors become aware of the potential dangers associated with entering and exiting enclosed spaces on board ships whilst carrying out their

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COURSE CONTENT... HEAD OFFICE:

This bespoke one day course is drafted inline with the requirements of the UK HETTON ROAD national occupational standard for entering an enclosed medium risk area (tank, double bottoms, cargo holds, void spaces etc.) and can be assessed to HOUGHTION-LE -SPRING that standard. Included in the course will be a review of main procedural TYNE AND WEAR documentation such as risk assessments, action plan (SSOW), permit to work Co DURHAM and emergency procedures. UNITED KINGDOM

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In line with the national occupational standard identified above, there is a practical element to the course which may involve self rescue techniques to be demonstrated from both vertical and horizontal entry points.

For more information please call - +44 (0)191 584 0144 or Email: [email protected] Swk2015 A4 Ad_Marine Surveyors_Seawork2014 Marine Surveyors 09/12/2014 11:21 Page 1

16-18 June 2015 ABP Port of Southampton, UK COMMERCIAL MARINE & WORKBOAT EXHIBITION & CONFERENCE Seawork International is the biggest and fastest growing event for the commercial marine and workboat sectors in Europe, attracting 550 international exhibitors and 7,350 high-calibre visitors from 70 countries

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