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Impro ving Wate r Secu rity in Wate r Stressed Bagmati River Basin, NepalNepal Ram Kumar Shrestha & Rabindra Ray (Engineer) Government of Nepal Ministry of Urban Development High Powered Committee for Intregated Development of Bagmati Civilization (HPCIDBC)
www.bagmati.gov.np Contents
. ItIntrod ucti on
. Bagmati Action Plan
. Status of Activities
. Future Plan
. The way forward
. Conclusion Nepal Bagmati Basin inNepal Nepal : 220km Nepal : TllT hfhi i km. 3750 sq. Total Catchment area: ota l
l engt h o River f t h e r i ver
i n
Lower Part Middle part Upper Part Bagmati River in Kathmandu Valley A few length of Bagmati River in KV
6 Key Areas on Water Security in Bagmati River Basin Water Use – Drinking, Irrigation and Water Resource others Development and Water Resource – surface Management & Ground water Upper Bagmati Water Quality River Basin Flood Control Riverfront environment River Area Solid waste Management squatter and encroachment of the river illegal sand mines Water Resource Development & Irrigation Middle and Management Lower Bagmati Flood Control River Basin Water Disaster Mitigation Debris flow Watershed conservation Importance of Bagmati River
. BBtiagmati River and its Pashupatinath watershed is very important for Nepal, Strategically, religiously, culturally, economically, socially and environmentally.
. Kathmandu, the capital city, situated on the banks of Bagmati. Dhap Sunarighat . The length of Bagmati within Kathmandu Valley is 45 km.
People bathing at Guheswori Gaurighat Issues/Problems of Bagmati in Kathmandu
Decrease in river flow Disposal of untreated waste Encroachments of river water regime
Solid waste dumping on river sand extraction Haphazard urbanization bank and rapid population growth Discharge of Bagmati River
Discharge of Bagmati River
34.75 • High 35 28.76 difference in 30
cs 25 ee dry and wet 18.77 weather 20 15.42 12.53 flow 15 charge Cum
ss 10 Di 3.44 1.98 3.22 • Water 5 0 a shortage in a pia l h l a rn or t ga u al hai hta m a J an am rm at ig a ok lg h ba p ar ok G Ti nk a a d h dry season a B Th un K Sh S Location
Dry Season Discharge m3/s Monsoon Discharge m3/s Variation of BOD along Bagmati River
600
500
400
300 D (mg/L) OO
B 200
100
0 Sundarijal Gokarna Jorpati Guheshwori Tilganga Minbhawan Sankhamul Thapathali Teku Dovan Sundarighat
Dec. 3 8 18 13 130 320 220 430 250 Jan. 2 17 44 26 220 320 178 256 350 280 Feb. 3 14 46 15 147 310 190 335 410 370 Mar. 7 8 49 12 198 277 234 247 460 352 Water Quality of the Bagmati and its Tributaries BtiBagmati AtiAction Plan
Bagmati Action Plan has been developed by HPCIDBC & NTNC with the financial support of UNEP and UNHABITAT .
Bagmati Action Plan was approved by the Government of Nepal in August 2009.
It envisages HPCIDBC as the lead implementing agency for river systitittem environment improvement in Kathmandu. Bagmati Action Plan ……. Zoning of the Kathmandu Valley
Zone 1 Natural Conservation Zone 2 Rural Zone 3 Peri Urban Zone 4 Urban Zone 5 Down Stream Bagmati Action Plan ……. Vision
Clean, green and healthy river system in Kathmandu valley; that is full of life and valued by all. Mandate/Resonsibility to HPCIDBC Policy formulation and Planning for restoration of River system i n the capit a l c ity, Ka thmand u Va lley Construction of infrastructure to protect and restore the Bagmati River System • Construction of sewer system • Construction of waste water treatment plant • Construction of access road and green belt Defining the river alignment and width of flow regime Monitor and regulate the activities along the river side area Financial Status
60 54 50 46 41 40 40 29 30
20 10 3.8 4 454.5 5 555.5 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Required Budget Expected Allocation MUSD MUSD Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC …………..
Conservation of water recharge areas, Dhap (origin of Bagmati)
B e f o r e
N o w Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC CoConstructionnstruction ooff sesewerw…………..er linlines,es, ggreenreen bebelts,lts, access rroadsoads aalonglong tthehe river, river demarcation and bank protection work Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC …………..
OtifWtWtTttPlttOperation of Waste Water Treatment Plant at GhGuheswor i
Cappyacity: 16.3 MLD
Guheswori to Tilganga Tunnel Drying Bed length : 572 m Dia: 2m Monthly average COD of influent and effluent of the Waste Water Treatment Plant, HPCIDBC
1600
Influent 1400
Effluent 1200
1000
800 OD mg/l CC 600
400
200
0 Apr-12 May-12 Jun-12 Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12 Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC ………….. Bagmati River Bank Protection work/River training
Now Before Towards a Bagmati River Basin Road Map
Where we are? Where do we get there? Where do we want to go?
Water resource Developpp & implement a Socially, environmentally development sustainable Water & economically Lane 1 dangerously resource Mgt. system sustainable WS & WWTP unsustainable in the for deep GW use in the valley upper Watershed
River environment Develop and implement Clean, green & healthy management comprehensive River river system that if ful Lane 2 almost out of Environment Mgt. system of life & valued by all control (Bagmati Action Plan)
Rapid and Sustainable Water Infrastructure in the unsustainable urban Resource development lower basin and disaster Lane 3 development in & Irrigation Water use mgt. creating lower basin Management opportunities outside KV
Limited capacity and support a step wise Multi-stakeholders resources from approach for bldg. inter- mechanisms for Lane 4 Governmental institution & sector collaboration, integrated management civil society to bring awareness & appr. of water resources in the adequate response to basin Decision basin issues IWRM Imp lemen ta tion on BtiBagmati (i(princ il)iple)
Vision Clean, green and healthy river system in Kathmandu; that is full of life and valued by all. Water Induced Disast er River Management Environment Management Water resource Intitituitional se tup Management Foundation of Infrastructure Four "I"s Information Involvement of Stakeholders Future Plan Rainwater harvesting, Ground water recharge and livelihood development in buffer zone. Augmentation of river discharge by constructing dam in upper Bagmati. Watershed Management activities in upper Bagmati. (ADB/PPTA/8050)
Dam Height Storage Yield
Nagmati Dhap 18 m 0.7 mcm 24 l/s
Nagmati 60 m 5.0 mcm 230 l/s
Bagmati 50 m 3.4 mcm 200 l/s Future Plan ….. Contour Photograph of proposed Dam site Proposed WWTP in Kathmandu
Gokarna)
Guheshwori
Madhyapur Thimi)
Bhaktapur Sundarighat 397 MLD Balkumari 216 MLD
Chovar Nakhu The Way Forward
. Developing HPCIDBC as a subsidiary River Basin Organization (RBO) for Kathmandu VllValley. . Institutional Strengthening and capacity development of HPCIDBC. . Defining organization for Bagmati Basin. Conclusion
• Bagmati River and its tributaries environmental situation has not deteriorated IRREVERSIBLY. It can be regeneratdted envitllironmentallywith support from Development Partners, Donor Agencies, Civil Society, NGOs and INGOs etc.
• As Bagmati attaches spiritual and emotional significance to the Nepali people (most of the important temples, shrines, ghats, etc. are located along the river banks and are used for different cultural and ritual purposes), conservation of rivers is very important for the protection of both natural resour ces aadnd rich cult ur alheeageritage ofthe Vaaeylley. www.bagmati . gov. np