XXVI rjxpr,ot Nc l HE PACrfrC UOAS1 watch whicìr must ìre brought to the attt;ntion of bk; to within a boat's length, and very acrjurate. the skippcr, Any infìrrmtrtion a watchman noticx;s [See FineEdge.com's GPS Instant Navigatiort that reprcsents a potential th¡eat to the vessel for a full discussion,) slrould be givcn, ortd ackttowledgcd, by the skip- Errata and Updates whelhcr or not he or she is busy or per/navigator When a new edìtion is Published bY even asleep. F ineEdge.corn it contains all the known Baidarka Dever enters a narrow passage, â updates ancl supetsedes the older edition which an anchoragc, oL a marina without one harbor, is no longer valid, Your commerìts, corrections or mole persons on bow watch, with standing ol suggestions are welcomed. Please sencl them :l orders of where and what to watch for. We have lo gJficc@Fin cEd8c.r:r¡ n t Ercala and updatcs olt :l the watchman point continuously at al object current editions are posted when avail¿il¡le on ,j of conr:ern until the helmsman or navigator the publishers' website www.FìneEdge. corn I gives an acknowledgment. (We ask the watch- ì; man not to point in thc direction he thinks the V. j helmsrnan shoulcì turn. as that is the decisiott of Weather Considerations the navigator,) Key to a safe and cornfortal¡le passage along the ì Baidarka s crew has been able to avoid Pacific Coast is knowleldge of tl're weather. 'Ihe .,Ì al¡rost all Pacific Coast chartecl and unchartccl U.S. National C)ceranic ancl Atmospheric j hazarcls florn Cape Horn to the Gulf ol Alaska Aclministration (NOAA) and the National by following this simple rule of maintainirtg a Weather Service (NWS) provide a numbe¡ of .t proper watch. I'here is absolutely NO substitute cornplehensive resourcos available to miuiuets ,ì lbr open ¿lnd alert eyeballs! along with up-to-date weather informalion, ',:tj Weathet reports bloadcast on VHIr WX chan- i'l Waypoints and GPS nels a¡e invalnable fi¡r an update on the current tìro stale of tìre weather and tire forecast. Tìte recolcl- J GPS is an excellent tool f'or t.ravigating ,tl aids ber:ome rare as ecl WX broadcasts ìravr: traclitionaìly been used Pacific Coast, Navigationai tt you leave urban areas ancl cornmercial loutes. bJ' boa1e¡s lor a claily, or more fr'eqr-reut, update. ,:tlì Many inlets and channels catr be confusing. 'lhe NOAA Weather Radio Network provides :,1 GPS will hcl¡r locate tho proper enttances, voicc broaclcasts of the local and coastal marinc i.l errols, provicle speecl over the forecasts on a cotttinuous cycle issucd by the ,* detect cross-track .,.1 ground, and hence determine ticlal cul¡ents. NWS overy 3 to 6 hours, or amencled as required, Latitude and lorrgitude f'or waypoints in and b¡oadcast continuously ou Weather Channel tliis book-given to the nearest ore-hunclredth I or 2. L,ocal NWS Forecast offices locatecl irl San of a minute of latitucìe-are taken from thc Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Eurek¿1, largest scaìe cllarts avail¿rble and ale referencecl Meclford, Portland ancl Seattlc ptoduce the fore- to N.AD83 which, for practicaì purposes, are casts {or the Pacifìc Coast. identical to the GPS default horizontal clatun.r Wllen one travols outsido ol their home of WSGBa. f'l.rcse lati tude/longitrtcles ale to be waters, the localions usetl to desclibe a weathr:r trnatcd ¿ìs approxirnate only and shr¡nld be ver- íìrea âre new and not easily comprehended as ificd by each user. Many of the refcrenr:ed you Ìrear the contitruous broadcast, We have cbarts ale not âccr.¡ì'ato (nor can thcy ì:e read inclucled cìiagrams for thc Pacific Coast to illus- accurately) to one-hunclredth of a minrtte. Wc tratc tbe reporting arca locations antl the loca- havo approximated this last cìigit-whlch is tion ol oflìshorc we ather buoys, about a boat's lcngth-1o plovide as cornplcte a 'llhe addilional services ¿rncì tesort¡rces fì'om pictuÌe as possible. With the rernov¿rl of' NOAA and NWS can preserìt a decpor picturc of Seìective Avaiìallility (S.A), Boicl¿r¡k¿r has found thr> n'cather, In addition to VIIE cxtensivo np-lo- bolh dil'forr:nlial flPS and W,A.SS GPS to trc sta- d¿rlc w¡ratìrer cìat¿r can now lx; obtained on the ìrxPL(JtìlNG 1 lIIì P,4.(iurrO (iO^.S1
r;c.r¿rst, in acldition 1o sevelal brro¡rs arlchorocì about ll00 lnilos ollìsholr¡ to lr,rpor'1 adrraut:iug woalltel. Iìu oy reports inc;lucle wind direction, spoecl, gust, significernt r,r'ave h¡light, swoll and wind-wave hr:igìrt arrd ¡roriods, air terlpclatult:, anrì sea leveì ¡rressLrre. Sonre brrnys leport wave diletlir¡t.1. To ar:r;eiss Ilial-A- Buot,, call 228,088.1948. Enter 1 ¿rnd thc 5 cligit idcnlilier fol a buoy. 'lht: buo¡,5 ¿¡ç1 thcir loi;ations al'e iÌlus- Ilated on tìrr,: tliaglarns. 'fhr: Dial-A- Iluoy sysl¿¡1 c¿ìn also lcad tho lalesl NWS marine lòrecasl {'ol most sfa- A cozlt covr: in tlte Cltan¡tel Islands tir¡n ìocaliolls. lf this opl.ion is avail- ablc, tho systr:m will prompl you to web, woathcrfäx ancl by telephone. WhiÌe online press the # key aftel the buoy obselvaliol'r is resour'0es ale typically bcst lor bliofing bcfore a rcad. tlil: when one carÌ ac;cess weathel' dal¿r from arr online connection olr land, ¡nr¡le antl Ìllore vcs- Semi-Annual Weather Patterns: Spring sels arc being cqui¡rped wilh satelljlr¡ conrìecr- and Summer tio¡s for access to the intelnet ancl cnail, 'Jlhc r,r'eather on tÌre Ìracific Coast lollows a gen- Marinas ¿ìre no\^¡ boginning to offor hrternet con- eraì sen-ri-annuaÌ paltern. Chalges are associat- neclions fìrr theil custonrers. When you clcsirc od with thc buikling up or breaking down of thcr the most conprehensive lel:lolt of lhe wr:ather, Norlh lrar;ifir; I ligh Pressui c Cell al'ound Lhe arì irf ernr..t r;onnection can ¡rlovide you rvilh linrcs ol the s¡rring arlrl l¡rlÌ ur¡rrirruxus. access to all of thc NO.AA scrvices inclr"rding Follor,r'ing the late winter storms, near leal-timc NEXIÌ.ÂD Dopplor Iladar at www,n\^¡s. March 2:t, the Pacific lligh begins to bullrì about ¡oaa, qov/om/lnalilie/hor.nc.litm#dìsseminal ion. a lhous¿rnd lnilcs wesl of Vancol¡ver Island. Wìrere possiìrle, stop by the local NWS Tìris more or less perrnanout high-pressrtlc oflìce, As an cxample, the Eureka weather o{Iìce zone deflects mosl suÌììmer lows i¡rtr¡ lhc Gulf is only tnro blor;ks fi'c¡m the lnarina ancl it is open of Aìaska where they either dissipato or take a 24 hours per day, seven rlays per week. The stalT valicd path that affecls coastal we¿rther. We rec- provided Ihe Buidarktt crerw with a pcrsonaì onmcncl waiting until lhe l'acific lligh is weìl wealher brielìng corn¡:lcte with l.irne lapse video entrenchecl-gcnera lly earllr 1¡ micì-May- of the pasl f'cw day's satellib shots ancl tìreir belirre yor.r iread inlo nolthern waters. lìne{uned forecasls fbr lhe route rn¿e had chosen. During the sul¡mer months, in tiues of sta- Let thcil knr-rw you apprcciate their sorvice ¿rnd ble hìgh pressurc, the Wcsl Coast rtnclorgor s a calì thern djt'uct jl you lravu d suri'rl¡s cotì(:cnr daily pattelr.r of diurnal micro-we¿rther that is only they can adclress or assist with. quite precìictable. Nìghts are rìsually quitc calm l,'or those marino¡'s coDsidering the Expless or ancl quiot along the coast vr¡ith fog or low cJor-rds Illuewatel loutes with ¿ìccess to ceìlular or satel- mor¡ing on shore. Lr the aftct'noon, modelal.e to lite phone, you may w¿ìnl to consult tho Dial-A- strong northvrrest breezes pick up, clissipating Buoy syslern. Along the lrar;ific Coast, NOAA the r;Ìouds and creating wincl chop of sevelal maintail.ls a netwolk of weather reporting ocean lec;t, until evcnì.ng wÌren conditions becomc buoys locatcd ì¡etween 15 and 40 lniles off t.ho caìm again. Duling such periods, rlrosl weather ]]XPLOIìING'I'HTì I)ACIÌTIC (]OI\.S'I' XXX IJXPI,ORING']'TIE PAIìIIiIC COA.S'I gale stations roport ¿ì high perrerrtage of light to lìequently. When yor.r observe signs that a rnodcrate winds with little or rnoclelate precip- or stornì from the southe¿rst is developing, ol if itation-<:onditions that provide good cruising. you hear a tepott of irrr irnpencling gale or Although low-prossule fronts clo ÌlaÌlage to storm, hr;acl dire ctly for a halbor o¡ anchor sitt: east winds ev¿idc lho lracific tligh and hit the wcst coast, tìrat oflcrs protectior from south or they usually occur at intervals of two to six 'ìhke applopriate precautions for safcty, such as weeks. Thcse fi'onts, which are usuall5' maintaining sufficieut swingir-rg roorn and set- announccd by a falling baromctct', a change ìn ting your anchor well. (lt is always a goorl iclea both tho dirtrtion and intonsity of the wind, as to take bearings on fìxecl objects trt cleterrnine well as by cloucls and precipilation, normally whethel oÌ not your ancìrol is dragging ) last just a cìay or two and ¿rre woll lbrecast, lt is In Southern California, when a stronger best to remain il a shelterccl harbor ol cove dur- than average Pacific; Fligh is establisherr.l, ing the approac;h of unstable weathet. Nor'lhwest wincls of 20 to 30 knots ftequently Althorrgh summer gales frorn the southeast occur off Point Cìonception and over the outer a clulation of ¿rro not unknown, rey ale not as intelnse as Cìhannel Islancls, Thc wincls, wilh 'L8 winter stor'ììs, and c¿rtr still pack a dangerous '12 Io hours, will produce wind waves of 10 ale usttaìly liSht with walÌop to small cralt. Morc fi'tx¡ucnt is a com- to 16 feet. Coastal wilrìs rr::lri, rlon phenomeuon of a low-pressure cell fo¡m- this pattern; without a prior r;hcck of the wcath- ing ovor the cìescrts ancl inland val]eys of er, this situatiou can leacl to unexpected and Califr:r'r'ria, cansecl by thermal heating, whicl'r is clangerously high seas. l:i!lì fclt all along the coast as strolÌg sltl11ìller 'I'he Santa Ana winds of Southcrn Califor- northwesterlies. Although ¡orthwest gale-1'olce nia, although quite localized, can causc clanger- :rr!È winds oI up to 40 knots do ocr;ur, stlong wiuds ous seâs particularly in Àvalon Iìay on Catalina of 20 to 30 knots are more com.rlìon lslancl. Avalon I'lal'bor is exposed anrl uuplo- 'lakc any sumûìer storms oÌ cleql, ìow-pres- tected to r,r'inds and seas from the East and :'':1:]l1 sule fronts seriously by loliug llaromelric pros- Noltheast, and the strotrgor Santa Ana winds surc ¿rnd rnonitoriug woathcl broadc¿rsts' can cause hazardous sea and srrlf in the harbor. Semi-Annual Weather Patterns: Fall and Winter Near the ar.rtum.nal eqtLinox (september 21), the I'acific Uigh begins to collapse and the first .:il!ir:l rnajor low-pressurc {ì'onts rctulr-r, bringing fbul we¿rthcr ancl precipitation, Without the prolcc- ':,|!i)t: tion of a slrong North Pacific High, allout 't0 low-prcssuLe fionts pel rnonth affoct the North'lt'est Cloast; this otx;urs mucì:r loss fie- .::;i¡. c¡rcntly soLrth of Poir.rt Cìor-rception Dullng ì.:..i..l' some ol thescl stornts, baromctlic Plessuro cho¡rs as low as f)80 millibars, blinging hurli- l'r'inte r, canc folce winds of 60 knots or molc ln .:i;,i'.,¡,.:.,. plevailing wincls arr¡ lrolr tht: southeast, with :.ìi!ll:l heavy precipitation anil ìrigh, dangerous seas Iìol' ris rc'nsou, offshore cruising along thc ,¡',i,1;:.: Ìracifìr; Cloast duling the wintel'is usualll' nr:t .,iìrì.ir: l r:r:omr.nenclerì; howt¡vel we h¿lvr; l-reald of a Sea lit¡n uÍ Monterev Mcnina nurnl¡cL of skippcls wlto h¿rve watche<ì lbl the t.t:.tfì:
.:..r:r.... Ijxr)LoRtNc] ' lD t,^clFIC COAS f /een cÉì lÌns bel\ lionls and have had sncc;cssful Wind DifeCtiOn and CIOUd Cover lrj ps, Winds that arrir¡e in aclvalce ol a lowltresslue Lr the southcrn ¿rLeas of the Pacilìc Cr¡ast, front generally blorn¿ from ihe south or south- wcll-dcvelopecl cokl fi'onts in the Fall throLrgìr r rc6t, therì bar:k (rnorre counterclockwi se) to the the Spring wiÌl ploduce slrong ancl shifting sorrtheast as the liont appr,oaches. 'fhc strongest winds, Winds prec;eding a front are usually r¡¡incìs and highesl soas usually occur just aheacì {iom the south and soullìeast, ancl sliifting into of the low-pressule fi'ont. With the approac;Ìring the northwcst with the frontal passage, Wind fi'ont, clouds thir:kel ancl lower, laking on an spcecls arc genelally in the 20 to 40 knot range ominous appearaltce; precipitation is heavy and with heavy and confised seas. rray l¿s1 for scvcral þours. With the ¡lassage ol a low-prr.;ssure fi'on1, the wind veers (noves clock- Barometric Pressure and Wind Velocities wiseJ, filsl: to soulhwest, then to northwest, Wincl velocity tencls to occur in direct propoltion During lhe sLìnìtrer afler the wind veers to its to the bal'ornclric pressure glarìienl-the rate of prevailing northwesterly direction, it tnay blow rise or fall of pressurc. Falling barometric: pres- hard for a day ol two, as if to scncì all the south- sure that descends 1 millil¡al' per hour usually el'n air back whcre it originated. We have cxperi- means strong winds of 20 to 30 }
L .?!-+.!!tl!|t å
XXII fìXPI,ORING THI PACIIIC C]OASl Corner wind is the effect of increased wincl on an otherwise caltn evening, Williwaws can peecl when a wind blows past a headlancl, rcach flighter.ring velocìtics wÌrer.r the sides of a uch as off Point Conception, Cape Mendoc;ino, fjord are steep and cappcd by ice or suow; they 'oint Reyes and the like.  corner wind is usu- are usualìy of short (but intense) cluration ancl lly stronger lhan that experienced on eilhel thcy may afÏer:t just ¿r small area. Since they are idc of its land-ln¿rss. cyclonic in nalure, thc actual cìirection of a Gap winds [or funnel wincls) are caused by williwaw varies, and it can fiequently be scen funneling eflìrct between islands-such as whipping up cìrop or f oanì whelever it hits the rose occurring in SaDta IJalbala Channel, tìre water. Williwaws rr:quire high mountains and iolden Gate, and aL Cape Flattery. When gap ale mostly found in the high latitudes, ¡inds l¡low against tidal currents, they can Surge winds are stlong wincls generatecl ause dangerous, steep, breaking waves. ocr;asionally in the summer during peliods of Lee effect occurs along a stoep shoreline high balomctric reaclings (101.0 to :1015 mil- ¡ilere a turbulent and gusty offshore wind Iibars), These winds disturb the stal¡le wcalher ìeets an opposirlg wind at the top of a cliff, olIhc l)rcific Coasi antl can sulprisc a cruisin¡; eversed eddies, along with onshore winds, boat. Caused by a ler: trough which forms off ìay create confusecl, steep seas along the base the coast during a period of prolongecl thelrnal f the cliffs. heating ol tìre intcrior land mass, tlìis phenom- During periods of moderatc prevailing cnoìÌ caLlses prevailing light easterlies acljacent ¡inds, sea breezes blow from sea toward l¿rnd to the co¿rst, but it can cause gale-Íorce not'th- uring the heat of the clay (usually in the aftel- westerìies falther offshore, A more potentially oon). 'Iìre prevailing inflow ancl afternoon sea dangerous condition called sttatus surge reeze car'r. combine to reach 20 to 30 knots. Sca occrtrs when a largcl lee tlough olï nolthern reezes tr-tay contril¡ute to the prevalence of California shoots north along the C)rtgon and lmmer folecasts of modcrately strong after- Washington coasts, picking up speecl as it r¡r:n winds, 'Ihese r,vincls rnay intimiclate a surges, anrl bringing with it low r;louds ancl fog. Tides level and may evon crcate whìrlpools. Short, :tl{t:l ln gcnet'al, thc larther north yort go, or tltc far- closely spar;ed stancìing waves ("dancilg ':r:il''i jtt¿ìì ther rcmovecl you are fi'om lhe opcn or;ean, tlte rvaters") aro ¿rlso seen where cu ents lneet. A il,ili,t groater the tidal. range. 'l'he tid¿rl lange in srnall boat may be tossed lìom side to side in :::!Y4 . Southern Calilouria is a few feet but in Cllacier ovr,'rfirlls. Noto the inclicalions of rips and ovcr- 'lì3r::i ì¡!,ì Bay, Alaska and heacls of lemote inlets, an falls on the nauticaì ch¿rrt and heecl thc wanings r.i{rij cxlreme tidal range of well over'20 fect is not ancl instructions in the LLS. Co¿¡sl P ol ol tho ,i1]'ll idî espe- (lan¿rdian Diret:t.io¡1.s. The key to plan urìcommon, Âs st¿udarcl claily procedulc, Sailìng is it].! wl.rc;n tables and your pâss¿ìge tluough crjtical narrows or ra¡ric'ls cially ancìroring, cher;k tido i':{ì allow for changos in ticìo levels (as woll as theil lo ocoru at, or uc¿ìr', slack w¿rter to recluce the; ::¡_rr ì' ',â assor,-iatecl cu rrent s) I cllbt;t of ovelfirlls aucl tutbltlent water, ...i!:,. tí,: ..i".:: tìxPt.oRlNc' ì Ir\ct tlc cio^ s1 XXXV Strategies for Coping with the Variables of Weather lf we haven'1 macìe 1'orr palanoid and wtnting lo stay ìrone, here ale a few lips lltal nrav ¡lìow vou lo Lcop ttrotlrtg up ol clown the coast with conlìclcnce: 1. Monitor weathcr bloadcasts on VllF (or on confinuous recordings by tele- phonc) öeþrc I'ou arrive in a clitical area, and pay particular attention to the key alt:a (autonralic wealher buoy) ancl arr:as the adjar:ernt to give yorr an idea of Pt:lican antl seagttlls g,uord San Luis pir:r the statc ancl speecl of any a¡rproaching fi urtl. 6. I'repare alternative plans for anchorage in 2. Monitol actual conditiolrs at bnoys or light- case the weathcr and seas exceed your expecta- houses and reporting stations to see if lhe folc- tions, and pÌepaÌe for the possibility you rray cast is indced rnaterializing. Since forecasts are noed to stay at sca overnigl.rt and don't be aliaid given for thc worst we¿rther expccled ovcr a ccr- trr inrlllerlonl i husc cìtatt¡;r.ls. tain area cÌr-u'ing the periocl, you may liequcntly encounter lcsser conditions on your actual route. 7, ln critical ìlassages, t¿rlk with Coast Guard [via Channel :16 ancl working Channeì zzA) 'li'ack 3. and rer;ord barometric pressule, wind about weaiher updalr:s, an<ì solicit their recor¡- direcfion and sl.rength, cloud r;over and sea con- mendations if you necd to, partit;ularly if unex- ditions onboard your vessel and tìevelop you.r pected changes occur. own skills for monitoring aud interpreling weather. lJso evc;ry opportunity to check your L We have found that cruise ships tÌrat pass findings against what is being rcported and several miles ahead of us are frequently ltappy what yon observe. to givc us factual on-site reports that are useful. 4. Maintain raclio schedules wilh c;ruising boats 9. 'lìlrn alound and head back to a sal'e place that ale ahead or behincl you, and monito¡ their anytirne r,r'eathel or l¡oat conditions becorne inter-boal lransmissions on working cÌrannels marginal for any reason. A sudclen warm ancl to get a sense of the weather conditions over the dry Sanla.Ana wind lrom the easl alot.rg the horizon. B¡eak in to ask for a report of lo<;al con- coast near Ventura is a good examplc to nake ditions fi'om time to time if conditions are dete- haste for a good lee. lioraling. Caroline Buchanan has written: 5. Dcìay ur ¡dvulcc your daiìv l rrns to arrivc t1 .,,, r;riricar passages. sur;rr as .,*J,"e ,¡"i"r,,',u. ¿Ï,T:iii,:JÍ li:,ï:i::i'"i iiiiì; ,,,", Itivcr Bar'. whcn sf ablu conditions are cxpected. wc iinrl that. uncicr normal conditjo,,r, ,tu,-ting u""l",i"iti;:r]iiÏ i;..r,u that t.i's yuu wirh (near carly in lhe tlay sunrisc wilh duc rcgald âwe" for favorable tidal currents) gives us un adia,t- ' tage before prevailing winds kick up. Be sure If all else fails, slow clown, take defensive mea- yrur boat is shipshape and secure prior to your sures, ancl experience the awesomeness of cìeparlure. nature along the Pacific Coast. -F +Ê- \#\ // \ \ t / ',t\ \ .\ {+t SEABBEEZE trttlJ \ . -,) / /^afÍ:Ì:..# Fig. 2.3 The circulation oIair during sea and lancl brcezc concìirions near rhe coasr BASE OÊ NVEflS ON IOP OF SIRATUS CLOUO LAYES Fig. 2.1a When thc inversion is lou,er than 800 fccr rhe chance oI densc fog over coastal walers incleasr:s Fig.2.1b Whcu thc invcrsjon rs a¡ound I400 lccL, lr¡rv cìoucis ratlrcr than log tr^J.-,^- lonìl ovc[ coas(âl \\,a Lc t5. l8 lnlro.iucinA lhe Chanuel lslands ffidú^iþ;"J \ - tstÀno s¡nlâ sãnls t6hnd ' Cú¡ Bnsa .. .' santa *.- CÂlA t 8ârbara I \ EoDY lslánd !È) S¿nla ,y' calaha -N lsl¿nd cøm¡nto\\ -* \ .':": r'l:: Fig. 2.4 Caralina Eddy conditions in southern CalrlorDia \ Nw \ /Po,nr À¡qw 10 wltt0s \ \ PoinL Cofrcepli0n wN0sbX::; - . -Sr,' . ¡/ewn af -9- \ .-:---\ ,\ . slando srnr) 11 . 'Cru¿ -ìl* .: \ 'lshndlid ' tJ Nwi .STORM;*"ffi \ ÎEf, . N wtr{0 s ,cEN1Ef,t..',... ,'i¡i", , 4, \t. rI\ ì' (5 hl¡nd "ì\ ' saniu s¿n / 'Catahna .. / Sanla¡\\ .( [[ïi' 3 w[,t0 s ::ls¡ 3nCbmenreü\>enre\\ . sw /t cALlF0ßNlA- - - WINDS .. "'-*- .. l1|lN0s - -',,lrXtCO Fig. 2.6 \Vind conditic¡ns [or a snraìlSE slornr ìn southern Ca]t[ort'ita. E, SE, anc] S rvinds bring rain, SW, W, and NW winds hcralcl rapidll'cìcatin¡1 sì 42 lnuoducins the Channel Islends i: :.i: .:! Ì, Fig, 2.8 a (top);Sanra Ana conclitious ovcr rhe Californra coast Novenrber 19, I956. b (botrotn): Wind parLcrns in sevc¡e Sanra Ana conditions rn southc¡ n Calr[ontia. PohrÂfeu¿Iol / IIIG H PRESSUNE s¿nl¿ 8a 0a,¿ t1 Po¡nt conc6prionç-ì1v\1 ,/ 6an -: <-- \çii""*" ,,ïio'*$ÇL""''"4) \--\_.)*.- _Ã\ .,.' , ,.,..' '/ / \...'-'.- ii;0# \¿\*'/ffi;;-\-/-L -<':- ¡naøoa -'.---r ' ,/ -.-- S¿nrá tst¡|lo -..-- \ / Ào',,sui¿Srnlâ ütur l^ - lsr¿¡d -Á^r.*^^i,j1.looli....---.--..'o"rv:ryj\o oweor Bo¿th . LowPREssuBE ç¡¡¡r.såu. c.-/ \ / a (Ð e, liii, å:tî,"|l ,1 \ i'1", ;ö* ,/ \ ,,.: lsl¡nd Sanu \ \ " crensnrc\\ \ Y :s tstano \> I an Dioqo MEXICO LOW PBTSSÙRE 6 f'"i<'n