DOCSLIB.ORG

K E R M an T H E Ar T O F F Ug U E B a C H F U G U E S F O R Ke

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
K E R M an T H E Ar T O F F Ug U E B a C H F U G U E S F O R Ke KERMAN | THE ART OF FUGUE BACH FUGUES FOR KEYBOARD, 1715–1750 The Art of Fugue The Art of Fugue Bach Fugues for Keyboard, 1715 –1750 Joseph Kerman With new recordings by Davitt Moroney and Karen Rosenak university of california press University of California Press Oakland, California © 2005 by The Regents of the University of California Open Access edition © 2015 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses. Suggested citation: Kerman, Joseph. The Art of Fugue: Bach Fugues for Keyboard, 1715–1750. Oakland: University of California Press, 2015. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ luminos.1 An earlier edition of The Art of Fugue was cataloged as follows by the Library of Congress: Kerman, Joseph, 1924– The art of fugue : Bach fugues for keyboard, 1715–1750/ Joseph Kerman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. Includes compact disc. isbn 0-520-24358-7 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Fugue. 2. Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685–1750. Keyboard music. I. Title. mt59.k49 2005 786’.1872’092—dc22 2005004045 Recording engineer: Robert Schumaker. Tracks 1–2 and 7–8 were recorded at International House, University of California, Berkeley, on February 8, 2004; track 3 at the same location on February 23, 2004; track 4 at Chapel of St. Joseph of Arimathea, Berkeley, on April 28, 2004; and tracks 5–6 at Hertz Hall, University of California, Berkeley, on January 24, 2004. ISBN (OA e-edition) 978-0-520-96259-0 ISBN (POD paperback) 978-0-520-28763-1 Manufactured in the United States of America The paper used in the print edition of this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48–1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). To Ellen Rosand, thirty-year friend A song that is well and artificially made cannot be well perceived nor understood at the first hearing, but the oftener you shall hear it, the better cause of liking you will discover. William Byrd What I can offer has a meaning only for those who have heard, and who keep on hearing. To such I may be able to give a suggestion here and there for renewed hearing. Søren Kierkegaard contents List of Recordings and Scores xiii Preface xvii Acknowledgments xxiii 1. Fugue in C Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 1 2. Fugue in C Minor: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 10 3. Fughetta in C Major, BWV 952 15 4. Fugue in C-sharp Minor: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 20 5. Contrapunctus 1: The Art of Fugue 30 x / Contents 6. Contrapunctus 10: The Art of Fugue 36 7. Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue, BWV 903 47 8. Prelude and Fugue in E-flat Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 60 9. Fugue in E Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 69 10. Fugue on “Jesus Christus unser Heiland”: Clavierübung, book 3 79 11. Fugue in F-sharp Minor: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 89 12. Gigue: English Suite no. 3 in G Minor 96 13. Fugue in A-flat Major:The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 101 14. Fugue in A Minor: Fantasy and Fugue in A Minor, BWV 904 107 15. Fugue in B-flat Major:The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 118 16. Fugue in B Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 125 Contents / xi Afterword 135 Notes 141 Notes to the Recordings 147 Glossary 151 Bibliography 159 Index 163 list of recordings and scores Recording information is given on the copyright page. Audio files and scores are available in the open access edition of this book, available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1. recordings (tracks 1–8) 1–2 Prelude and Fugue in C Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 Karen Rosenak, piano 1:27 / 1:52 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.1 3 Fughetta in C Major, BWV 952 Davitt Moroney, clavichord 1:54 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.2 4 Fugue on “Jesus Christus unser Heiland”: Clavierübung, book 3 Davitt Moroney, organ 4:52 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.3 xiii xiv / List of Recordings and Scores 5–6 Fantasy and Fugue in A Minor, BWV 904 Davitt Moroney, harpsichord 2:46 / 5:34 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.4 7–8 Prelude and Fugue in B Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 Karen Rosenak, piano 1:43 / 3:28 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.5 scores 1–2 Prelude and Fugue in C Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.6 3–4 Prelude and Fugue in C Minor: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.7 5 Fughetta in C Major, BWV 952 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.8 6–7 Prelude and Fugue in C-sharp Minor: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.9 8–9 Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue, BWV 903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.10 10–11 Prelude and Fugue in E-flat Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.11 12–13 Prelude and Fugue in E Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.12 List of Recordings and Scores / xv 14 Fugue on “Jesus Christus unser Heiland”: Clavierübung, book 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.13 15–16 Prelude and Fugue in F-sharp Minor: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.14 17 Gigue: English Suite no. 3 in G Minor http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.15 18–19 Prelude and Fugue in A-flat Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.16 20–21 Fantasy and Fugue in A Minor, BWV 904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.17 22–23 Prelude and Fugue in B-flat Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.18 24–25 Prelude and Fugue in B Major: The Well-Tempered Clavier, book 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.1.19 preface This is a book of commentaries on selected Bach fugues— “essays in musical analysis and appreciation,” one might call them, to enlarge on the title of Donald Francis Tovey’s famous Essays in Musical Analysis. The fugues are keyboard fugues, written for clavichord, harpsichord, and organ. About half of them come from the two books of The Well-Tempered Clavier (WTC), the other half from a variety of other sources, some of them less familiar: Bach’s comprehensive keyboard publica- tion Clavierübung (Keyboard Practice), Die Kunst der Fuge (The Art of Fugue), the English Suites, and other manuscript sources. The music stems from all periods of Bach’s career except for the earliest. The Chromatic Fantasy dates most probably from his Weimar years, around 1715, and the two contrapuncti from The Art of Fugue reached their definitive form when Bach revised the work just before his death in 1750. Annotations of any extent on Bach fugues are hard to find outside of the technical literature, and I have taken the time to do justice, as best I can, to these short but very rich pieces. The xvii xviii / Preface discussion is geared to individual segments and bars within the fugues, so readers will need the sheet music with the bars num- bered. Most of those who come to this book will already own copies of the WTC, the source of many of the pieces, and some of the other selections too. This book includes scores of all but two of the works discussed in detail. [Two scores from Die Kunst der Fuge, BWV 1080 that were part of the original edition are not included here.—Ed.] Also included are performances of five of the fugues discussed below, specially recorded for this book by Davitt Moroney and Karen Rosenak. One inspiration for the present work was Tovey, whose lap- idary and marvelous annotations to his edition of the Well- Tempered Clavier are classics. First published in 1924, they were reprinted in 1994 to accompany an authoritative new musical text of the WTC, prepared by Richard Jones. As a publication of the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music, Tovey’s contribution was appropriately didactic; his annotations read like a piano teacher’s docket of instruc- tions about touch, fingering, ornaments, and so on, for every place that needs them. But his instructions always rest on his understanding of the music, and what he has to say about that makes, or should make, his commentaries required reading for anyone interested in the fugues, not only students. My purpose is critical, not didactic. I write about reading and listening to fugues, not performing them—listening to them and understanding them. Another inspiration for me was not a text but a musical anthology, Bach: The Fugue, an elegant collection of nine fugues, some with preludes, edited by Charles Rosen for the Oxford Preface / xix Keyboard Classics in 1975. We have not a few items in common. There are profound words in Rosen’s introduction: The “pure” fugue, the meditative fugue, is basically a keyboard work for Bach. Of course the fugal texture can be adapted to many forms: the dance, the concerto, the aria, the chorale-prelude.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • On Modulation —
    — On Modulation — Dean W. Billmeyer University of Minnesota American Guild of Organists National Convention June 25, 2008 Some Definitions • “…modulating [is] going smoothly from one key to another….”1 • “Modulation is the process by which a change of tonality is made in a smooth and convincing way.”2 • “In tonal music, a firmly established change of key, as opposed to a passing reference to another key, known as a ‘tonicization’. The scale or pitch collection and characteristic harmonic progressions of the new key must be present, and there will usually be at least one cadence to the new tonic.”3 Some Considerations • “Smoothness” is not necessarily a requirement for a successful modulation, as much tonal literature will illustrate. A “convincing way” is a better criterion to consider. • A clear establishment of the new key is important, and usually a duration to the modulation of some length is required for this. • Understanding a modulation depends on the aural perception of the listener; hence, some ambiguity is inherent in distinguishing among a mere tonicization, a “false” modulation, and a modulation. • A modulation to a “foreign” key may be easier to accomplish than one to a diatonically related key: the ear is forced to interpret a new key quickly when there is a large change in the number of accidentals (i.e., the set of pitch classes) in the keys used. 1 Max Miller, “A First Step in Keyboard Modulation”, The American Organist, October 1982. 2 Charles S. Brown, CAGO Study Guide, 1981. 3 Janna Saslaw: “Modulation”, Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 5 May 2008), http://www.grovemusic.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Many of Us Are Familiar with Popular Major Chord Progressions Like I–IV–V–I
    Many of us are familiar with popular major chord progressions like I–IV–V–I. Now it’s time to delve into the exciting world of minor chords. Minor scales give flavor and emotion to a song, adding a level of musical depth that can make a mediocre song moving and distinct from others. Because so many of our favorite songs are in major keys, those that are in minor keys1 can stand out, and some musical styles like rock or ​ ​ jazz thrive on complex minor scales and harmonic wizardry. Minor chord progressions generally contain richer harmonic possibilities than the typical major progressions. Minor key songs frequently modulate to major and back to minor. Sometimes the same chord can appear as major and minor in the very same song! But this heady harmonic mix is nothing to be afraid of. By the end of this article, you’ll not only understand how minor chords are made, but you’ll know some common minor chord progressions, how to write them, and how to use them in your own music. With enough listening practice, you’ll be able to recognize minor chord progressions in songs almost instantly! Table of Contents: 1. A Tale of Two Tonalities 2. Major or Minor? 3. Chords in Minor Scales 4. The Top 3 Chords in Minor Progressions 5. Exercises in Minor 6. Writing Your Own Minor Chord Progressions 7. Your Minor Journey 1 https://www.musical-u.com/learn/the-ultimate-guide-to-minor-keys A Tale of Two Tonalities Western music is dominated by two tonalities: major and minor.
    [Show full text]
  • December 3, 2006 2595Th Concert
    For the convenience of concertgoers the Garden Cafe remains open until 6:00 pm. The use of cameras or recording equipment during the performance is not allowed. Please be sure that cell phones, pagers, and other electronic devices are turned off. Please note that late entry or reentry of The Sixty-fifth Season of the West Building after 6:30 pm is not permitted. The William Nelson Cromwell and F. Lammot Belin Concerts “Sixty-five, but not retiring” National Gallery of Art Music Department 2,595th Concert National Gallery of Art Sixth Street and Constitution Avenue nw Washington, DC Shaun Tirrell, pianist Mailing address 2000B South Club Drive Landover, md 20785 www.nga.gov December 3, 2006 Sunday Evening, 6:30 pm West Building, West Garden Court Admission free Program Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757) Sonata in F Minor, K. 466 (1738) Frederic Chopin (1810-1849) Ballade in F Major, op. 38 (1840) Franz Liszt (1811-1886) Funerailles (1849) Vallot d’Obtrmann (1855) INTERMISSION Sergey Rachmaninoff (1873-1943) Sonata no. 2 in B-flat Minor, op. 36 (1913) The Mason and Hamlin concert grand piano used in this performance Allegro agitato was provided by Piano Craft of Gaithersburg, Maryland. Lento Allegro molto The Musician Program Notes Shaun Tirrell is an internationally acclaimed pianist who has made his In this program, Shaun Tirrell shares with the National Gallery audience his home in the Washington, dc, area since 1995. A graduate of the Peabody skill in interpreting both baroque and romantic music. To represent the music Conservatory of Music in Baltimore, where he studied under Julian Martin of the early eighteenth-century masters of the harpsichord (the keyboard and earned a master of music degree and an artist diploma, he received a instrument of choice in that era), he has chosen a sonata by Domenico rave review in the Washington Post for his 1995 debut recital at the Kennedy Scarlatti.
    [Show full text]
  • Prelude | Grove Music
    Prelude (Fr. prélude; Ger. Vorspiel; It., Sp. preludio; Lat. praeludium, praeambulum) David Ledbetter and Howard Ferguson https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.43302 Published in print: 20 January 2001 Published online: 2001 updated and revised, 1 July 2014 A term of varied application that, in its original usage, indicated a piece that preceded other music whose tonic, mode, or key it was designed to introduce; was instrumental (the roots ludus and Spiel mean ‘played’ as opposed to ‘sung’); and was improvised (hence the French préluder and the German präludieren, meaning ‘to improvise’). The term ‘praeambulum’ (preamble) adds the rhetorical function of attracting the attention of an audience and introducing a topic. The earliest notated preludes are for organ, and were used to introduce vocal music in church. Slightly later ones, for other chordal instruments such as the lute, grew out of improvisation and were a means of checking the tuning of the instrument and the quality of its tone, and of loosening the player’s fingers (as was the Tastar de corde). The purpose of notating improvisation was generally to provide models for students, so an instructive intention, often concerned with a particular aspect of instrumental technique, remained an important part of the prelude. Because improvisation may embrace a wide range of manners, styles, and techniques, the term was later applied to a variety of formal prototypes and to pieces of otherwise indeterminate genre. 1. Before 1800. David Ledbetter The oldest surviving preludes are the five short praeambula for organ in Adam Ileborgh’s tablature of 1448 (ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Guest Artist Cello Concert Bryan Hayslett
    THE BELHAVEN UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC Dr. Stephen W. Sachs, Chair presents Guest Artist Cello Concert Bryan Hayslett Tuesday, October 28, 2014 • 7:30 p.m. Belhaven University Center for the Arts • Concert Hall There will be a reception after the program. Please come and greet the performer. Please refrain from the use of all flash and still photography during the concert. Please turn off all pagers and cell phones. PROGRAM Please hold applause until intermission. Cello Suite No. 6 in D Major, BWV 1012 Johann Sebastian Bach • 1685 - 1750 I. Prelude Unlocked, 1. Make Me a Garment Judith Weir • b. 1954 Unlocked, 2. No Justice A Portrait in Greys Marissa Deitz Wall • b. 1990 Suite No. 6, 2. Allemande J.S. Bach Suite No. 6, 3. Courante Age of the Deceased (Six Months in Chicago) Drew Baker • b. 1978 INTERMISSION Suite No. 6, 4. Sarabande J.S. Bach Suite No. 6, 5. Gavotte A Portrait in Greys Keith Kusterer • b. 1981 Unlocked, 5. Trouble, trouble Judith Weir Suite No. 6, 6. Gigue J.S. Bach A Portrait in Greys by William Carlos Williams Will it never be possible to separate you from your greyness? Must you be always sinking backward into your grey-brown landscapes— And trees always in the distance, always against a grey sky? Must I be always moving counter to you? Is there no place where we can be at peace together and the motion of our drawing apart be altogether taken up? I see myself standing upon your shoulders touching a grey, broken sky— but you, weighted down with me, yet gripping my ankles,—move laboriously on, where it is level and undisturbed by colors.
    [Show full text]
  • Key Relationships in Music
    LearnMusicTheory.net 3.3 Types of Key Relationships The following five types of key relationships are in order from closest relation to weakest relation. 1. Enharmonic Keys Enharmonic keys are spelled differently but sound the same, just like enharmonic notes. = C# major Db major 2. Parallel Keys Parallel keys share a tonic, but have different key signatures. One will be minor and one major. D minor is the parallel minor of D major. D major D minor 3. Relative Keys Relative keys share a key signature, but have different tonics. One will be minor and one major. Remember: Relatives "look alike" at a family reunion, and relative keys "look alike" in their signatures! E minor is the relative minor of G major. G major E minor 4. Closely-related Keys Any key will have 5 closely-related keys. A closely-related key is a key that differs from a given key by at most one sharp or flat. There are two easy ways to find closely related keys, as shown below. Given key: D major, 2 #s One less sharp: One more sharp: METHOD 1: Same key sig: Add and subtract one sharp/flat, and take the relative keys (minor/major) G major E minor B minor A major F# minor (also relative OR to D major) METHOD 2: Take all the major and minor triads in the given key (only) D major E minor F minor G major A major B minor X as tonic chords # (C# diminished for other keys. is not a key!) 5. Foreign Keys (or Distantly-related Keys) A foreign key is any key that is not enharmonic, parallel, relative, or closely-related.
    [Show full text]
  • Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600
    Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600 By Leon Chisholm A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Kate van Orden, Co-Chair Professor James Q. Davies, Co-Chair Professor Mary Ann Smart Professor Massimo Mazzotti Summer 2015 Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600 Copyright 2015 by Leon Chisholm Abstract Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600 by Leon Chisholm Doctor of Philosophy in Music University of California, Berkeley Professor Kate van Orden, Co-Chair Professor James Q. Davies, Co-Chair Keyboard instruments are ubiquitous in the history of European music. Despite the centrality of keyboards to everyday music making, their influence over the ways in which musicians have conceptualized music and, consequently, the music that they have created has received little attention. This dissertation explores how keyboard playing fits into revolutionary developments in music around 1600 – a period which roughly coincided with the emergence of the keyboard as the multipurpose instrument that has served musicians ever since. During the sixteenth century, keyboard playing became an increasingly common mode of experiencing polyphonic music, challenging the longstanding status of ensemble singing as the paradigmatic vehicle for the art of counterpoint – and ultimately replacing it in the eighteenth century. The competing paradigms differed radically: whereas ensemble singing comprised a group of musicians using their bodies as instruments, keyboard playing involved a lone musician operating a machine with her hands.
    [Show full text]
  • Simone Dinnerstein, Piano Sat, Jan 30 Virtual Performance Simone Dinnerstein Piano
    SIMONE DINNERSTEIN, PIANO SAT, JAN 30 VIRTUAL PERFORMANCE SIMONE DINNERSTEIN PIANO SAT, JAN 30 VIRTUAL PERFORMANCE PROGRAM Ich Ruf Zu Dir Frederico Busoni (1866-1924) Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Three Chorales Johann Sebastian Bach Ich Ruf Zu Dir Richard Danielpour Frederico Busoni (1866-1924) | Johann Sebastian Bach, (1685-1750) (b, 1956) Les Barricades Mysterieuses François Couperin (1688-1733) Arabesque in C major, Op. 18 Robert Schumann (1810-1856) Mad Rush Philip Glass (b. 1937) Tic Toc Choc François Couperin BACH: “ICH RUF’ ZU DIR,” BWV 639 (ARR. BUSONI) Relatively early in his career, Bach worked in Weimar as the court organist. While serving in this capacity, he produced his Orgelbüchlein (little organ book): a collection of 46 chorale preludes. Each piece borrows a Lutheran hymn tune, set in long notes against a freer backdrop. “Ich ruf’ zu dir,” a general prayer for God’s grace, takes a particularly plaintive approach. The melody is presented with light ornamentation in the right hand, a flowing middle voice is carried by the left, and the organ’s pedals offer a steady walking bassline. The work is further colored by Bach’s uncommon choice of key, F Minor, which he tended to reserve for more wrought contrapuntal works. In this context, though, it lends a warmth to the original text’s supplication. In arranging the work for piano, around the year 1900, Busoni’s main challenge was to condense the original three-limbed texture to two. Not only did he manage to do this, while preserving the original pitches almost exactly, he found a way to imitate the organ’s timbral fullness.
    [Show full text]
  • III CHAPTER III the BAROQUE PERIOD 1. Baroque Music (1600-1750) Baroque – Flamboyant, Elaborately Ornamented A. Characteristic
    III CHAPTER III THE BAROQUE PERIOD 1. Baroque Music (1600-1750) Baroque – flamboyant, elaborately ornamented a. Characteristics of Baroque Music 1. Unity of Mood – a piece expressed basically one basic mood e.g. rhythmic patterns, melodic patterns 2. Rhythm – rhythmic continuity provides a compelling drive, the beat is more emphasized than before. 3. Dynamics – volume tends to remain constant for a stretch of time. Terraced dynamics – a sudden shift of the dynamics level. (keyboard instruments not capable of cresc/decresc.) 4. Texture – predominantly polyphonic and less frequently homophonic. 5. Chords and the Basso Continuo (Figured Bass) – the progression of chords becomes prominent. Bass Continuo - the standard accompaniment consisting of a keyboard instrument (harpsichord, organ) and a low melodic instrument (violoncello, bassoon). 6. Words and Music – Word-Painting - the musical representation of specific poetic images; E.g. ascending notes for the word heaven. b. The Baroque Orchestra – Composed of chiefly the string section with various other instruments used as needed. Size of approximately 10 – 40 players. c. Baroque Forms – movement – a piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger work. -Binary and Ternary are both dominant. 2. The Concerto Grosso and the Ritornello Form - concerto grosso – a small group of soloists pitted against a larger ensemble (tutti), usually consists of 3 movements: (1) fast, (2) slow, (3) fast. - ritornello form - e.g. tutti, solo, tutti, solo, tutti solo, tutti etc. Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F major, BWV 1047 Title on autograph score: Concerto 2do à 1 Tromba, 1 Flauto, 1 Hautbois, 1 Violino concertati, è 2 Violini, 1 Viola è Violone in Ripieno col Violoncello è Basso per il Cembalo.
    [Show full text]
  • Major and Minor Scales Half and Whole Steps
    Dr. Barbara Murphy University of Tennessee School of Music MAJOR AND MINOR SCALES HALF AND WHOLE STEPS: half-step - two keys (and therefore notes/pitches) that are adjacent on the piano keyboard whole-step - two keys (and therefore notes/pitches) that have another key in between chromatic half-step -- a half step written as two of the same note with different accidentals (e.g., F-F#) diatonic half-step -- a half step that uses two different note names (e.g., F#-G) chromatic half step diatonic half step SCALES: A scale is a stepwise arrangement of notes/pitches contained within an octave. Major and minor scales contain seven notes or scale degrees. A scale degree is designated by an Arabic numeral with a cap (^) which indicate the position of the note within the scale. Each scale degree has a name and solfege syllable: SCALE DEGREE NAME SOLFEGE 1 tonic do 2 supertonic re 3 mediant mi 4 subdominant fa 5 dominant sol 6 submediant la 7 leading tone ti MAJOR SCALES: A major scale is a scale that has half steps (H) between scale degrees 3-4 and 7-8 and whole steps between all other pairs of notes. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 W W H W W W H TETRACHORDS: A tetrachord is a group of four notes in a scale. There are two tetrachords in the major scale, each with the same order half- and whole-steps (W-W-H). Therefore, a tetrachord consisting of W-W-H can be the top tetrachord or the bottom tetrachord of a major scale.
    [Show full text]
  • Alumnews2007
    C o l l e g e o f L e t t e r s & S c i e n c e U n i v e r s i t y D EPARTMENT o f o f C a l i f o r n i a B e r k e l e y MUSIC IN THIS ISSUE Alumni Newsletter S e p t e m b e r 2 0 0 7 1–2 Special Occasions Special Occasions CELEBRATIONS 2–4 Events, Visitors, Alumni n November 8, 2006, the department honored emeritus professor Andrew Imbrie in the year of his 85th birthday 4 Faculty Awards Owith a noon concert in Hertz Hall. Alumna Rae Imamura and world-famous Japanese pianist Aki Takahashi performed pieces by Imbrie, including the world premiere of a solo piano piece that 5–6 Faculty Update he wrote for his son, as well as compositions by former Imbrie Aki Takahashi performss in Hertz Hall student, alumna Hi Kyung Kim (professor of music at UC Santa to honor Andrew Imbrie. 7 Striggio Mass of 1567 Cruz), and composers Toru Takemitsu and Michio Mamiya, with whom Imbrie connected in “his Japan years.” The concert was followed by a lunch in Imbrie’s honor in Hertz Hall’s Green Room. 7–8 Retirements Andrew Imbrie was a distinguished and award-winning member of the Berkeley faculty from 1949 until his retirement in 1991. His works include five string quartets, three symphonies, numerous concerti, many works for chamber ensembles, solo instruments, piano, and chorus. His opera Angle of 8–9 In Memoriam Repose, based on Wallace Stegner’s book, was premeiered by the San Francisco Opera in 1976.
    [Show full text]
  • Trumpet Scales
    Poston Scale Packet Trumpet Jenn Bock Concert F Major G Major Written One Octave Scale and Arpeggio #c & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w œ œ œ ˙ Full Range Scale # œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w Scale in Thirds œ # œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Arpeggio Exercise # œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Concert Bb Major C Major Written One Octave Scale and Arpeggio & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w œ œ œ ˙ Full Range Scale œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w Scale in Thirds œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Arpeggio Exercise œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ & œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Concert Eb Major F Major Written One Octave Scale and Arpeggio œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ &b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w œ œ œ ˙ Full Range Scale œ œ œ œ œ &b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w Poston Scale Packet- Trumpet- Jenn Bock 2 Scale in Thirds œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ &b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Arpeggio Exercise œ œ &b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Concert Ab Major Bb Major Written One Octave Scale and Arpeggio b &b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w œ œ œ ˙ Full Range Scale œ œ œ œ œ b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ &b œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ w Scale in Thirds œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ bb œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
    [Show full text]