Executive Summary

Monthly Protection Monitoring Report – Nord Kivu June 2015

Executive Summary

2580 incidents have been recorded in June 2015. The number has decreased by 7% compared to May 2015, when 2788 incidents were reported.

The territory Incidents per territory of Rutshuru has accounted BENI 394

for the LUBERO 316

majority of MASISI 559

incidents in NYIRAGONGO 134

RUTSHURU 763 June 2015 WALIKALE 414

TOTAL 2580 Incidents per alleged perpetrator Incidents per category of victim

Number of cases per type of incidents

The majority of incidents in June 2015 were violations to the right of property and liberty

2 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

I. Summary of main protection concerns

 Clashes between two Raia Mutomboki factions in the area of Ntoto in Walikale territory led to the displacement of around 700 households to the territory of Masisi.  In Rutshuru territory, over 500 households coming from the localité of Makomalehe were displaced towards the neighbouring groupement of Tongo, where they are being sheltered in a secondary school.

II. Protection context by territory

MASISI The period reported has been characterised by various clashes and incursions by armed groups in different villages. Fighting between FARDC and FDLR in the groupement of Bashali Kaembe on June 1st led to the suspension of school activities, as well as commercial and agricultural activities in the Kilolirwe area. Following the assassination of a FARDC member by alleged Nyatura members in the localité of Katahandwa, looting, extortion and arbitrary arrests carried out by FARDC have been reported in this area. NDC members have carried out an incursion in Katanga village in Pinga centre on 9 june 2015. They killed a civilian and looted the property belonging to the population. On 21 June 2015 in the evening, an incursion by armed individuals took place in the localité of Ngungu. The bandits killed 6 civilians, including a 12-year-old child, and gravely hurt three other civilians. This massacre generated significant fear in the population of Ngungu. Clashes between two Raia Mutomboki factions in the Ntoto area in Walikale territory during the week from 8 to 14 June 2015 led to the displacement of around 700 households to Masisi territory in the localités of Miandja and Kalungu, groupement of Nyamaboko 1er, where they found host families. This reception area is under the control of FDC/Guide armed group, is not accessible by car, and has only one health facility (Ngomashi health centre) which is not supported with medicine. Two underage girls were raped by armed individuals in the night on 7 June 2015 in Bishasha in the localité of Ngungu. The survivors died on the next day. 4 displaced persons, including a 10-year-old child, have been killed by FDDH in Bibwe displacement site on 14 June 2015. Due to the increased insecurity in the Mpati-Bibwe road and the surrounding area, the population demands a strengthened presence of security forces for the protection of civilians.

WALIKALE The situation in Walikale in June 2015 was characterized by violent clashes between two factions of Raia Mutomboki in the village of Nsindo up to the centre of Ntoto, which have produced generalized fear and displacement of the population following the fighting between Raia Mutomboki/Shukuru and FARDC in the groupement of Bakano. An incursion of the coalition of Mai Mai Cheka and Raia Mutomboki/Ngoa of Ntoto in many villages in the groupement of Ihana has also been reported. 28 households in the groupement of Bakano have returned, coming from the villages of Chambucha and Mandje, and in the groupement of Wassa the returnees have come from the villages of Osokari and Ndjingala. A wave of 564 displaced households from the groupements of Ihana, Bakano and Waloa Uroba has been reported. In the groupement of Ihana, the situation is characterised by clashes between two NDC factions (Cheka and Gudon). Recruitments of young people and other violations against civilians have been reported. Clashes between FARDC and Mai Mai Shukuru in Lisambi village were the main reason for the displacement wave from Bakano. In the groupement of Waloa Uroba, it is the fighting between two allied Raia Mutomboki factions that cause displacement. There is a potential for the armed conflict between NDC Cheka and Gudon to be transferred to Waloa Uroba. These clashes led to the displacement of many households to the villages of Mera, Isea and to Walikale centre, towards Luberike Nord, Nyasi/Bapfuna and others have gone to the forest. Educational activities were suspended and many goods have been looted. In the groupement of Bakano, the Raia Mutomboki are reorganizing to fight any eventual operation by FARDC. Some households fear retaliatory attacks and have already started to exit the area under control of Raia Mutomboki.

3 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

RUTSHURU The global context in this territory has been characterised by clashes between the security forces and armed groups in the North and to the West of the territory, especially in Bwisha in the groupement of Binza and Bwito, in Bukombo. After their defeat, these armed groups have attacked the civilian population and carried out retaliatory acts. On 11 June 2015, FARDC members attacked FDLR in the Makoka village in Binza. Around 20 houses were looted and a number of people were forced to transport the looted goods. Following this operation, FARDC members left this area and the population fears retaliatory acts by FDLR. On 17 June 2015, Nyatura FPC attacked a position of FARDC in Bukombo. Around 80 households were displaced. On the following day, other FARDC units arrived as reinforcement. This situation caused a massive population displacement. Over 500 households coming from Makomalehe were displaced towards te neighbouring groupement of Tongo where they were sheltered at a secondary school. Also, other displacements have been observed in the groupement of Tongo, in the localité of Buchuli where certain Nyatura and FDLR have gone to, and where they perpetrate retaliatory attacks against the population. On 18 June 2015, 2 national staff members of a humanitarian organization were kidnapped by alleged FDLR combatants following an attack against their vehicle on the Kiwanja-Ishasha road. Following the deployment of FARDC units in the localités of Nyabanira, Kigunga and Kihito in the groupement of Binza, that were controlled by FDLR, the latter has gone to the localités of Nyamagana and Shinda in the groupement of Busanza. Their presence has led to displacement of around 60 households to Uganda, where they live with host families in Kisoro district. The progressive return of Congolese refugees coming from Uganda continues to be reported in many localités, and 83 households have arrived in June. The relatively low turnout can be explained by the retaliatory acts by armed groups following their conflicts with the security forces in the areas where the spontaneously repatriated would be returning to, especially in the groupement of Binza.

NYIRAGONGO In June 2015, the situation in this territory was relatively calm. However, the substitution of FARDC of 86th sector by other FARDC members of the 802nd regiment coming from Kibumba was reported in the localité of Mutaho, in the groupement of Kibati, on 17 June 2015. During this change, these individuals have engaged some civilians to transport their military property. On 2 June 2015, clashes between FARDC members and unidentified armed individuals have taken place in Virunga National Park near the localité of Mutaho. As a consequence, a woman was seriously hurt by a bullet and referred to the Mutaho health centre for medical care. An underage boy was arrested and beaten by alleged FARDC that accused him of cooperating with these armed individuals. Additionally, violations against civilians perpetrated by security forces continue to be observed in a number of localités in this territory. A decrease in the number of incidents was noticed compared to May 2015, due to the dispersion of unidentified unarmed individuals in the Virunga National Park to the West of the groupements of Mudha and Kibati after having been attacked by FARDC. These armed men used to carry out many violations against the populations in these areas. Members of FARDC’s 313rd battalion recently deployed in the localités of Kisheke, Kaguri and Mujoga, in the groupement of Kibati, have assisted to improve the security situation in these areas where the armed individuals used to perpetrate many violations against civilians. However, some cases of looting in the localité of Lukorwe in the groupement of Rusayo carried out by armed individuals who took advantage of the absence of FARDC units in this area have been reported.

BENI Throughout the examined period, the situation has remained very fragile. The groupements of Batangi- Mbau and Bambuba-Kisiki have been through turbulent moments. New massacre of civilians were reported during which at least 50 civilians were killed by alleged ADF. On 13 June, 2 civilians were killed and 4 others were hurt in Tungudu, localité of Opira, 9 kilometers South of Eringeti. On 26 June during clashes involving Mayi-Moya, three people were killed by alleged ADF, 5 others were hurt, 14 people were kidnapped, over 30 houses put on fire, 39 shops and kiosks looted, the health centre was looted and two churches burned.

4 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

The security situation is still worrying on the Mavivi-Mbau-Eringeti area during the period examined, taking into consideration many incursions followed by massacre of civilians carried out by alleged ADF. During the counter-offensive operations, many people ran away from the villages of Sikwaila, Mbau and Mangboko towards Beni city, Butembo and Oicha city. After the movement of alleged ADF members on 19 June in Kokkola followed by clashes with FARDC, fighting was reported on 26 June in Mayi-Moya. Fearing for their security, hundreds of households have ran away from their respective villages towards Oichaa for some, Mbau, Mamove, Samboko, Mavivi, Eringeti for others. Others still have gone to Beni city and their living conditions are precarious. In Beni city, FARDC members and PNC are allegedly taking advantage of the patrolling hours to carry out violations against the inhabitants of the city. This is one of the reasons why the cases of theft and extortions have increased during the examined period. The confusion is also caused by operations of changing FARDC units. Another factor leading to security issues is the fact that certain FARDC members who have been deployed elsewhere come clandestinely to their former areas of deployment to look for their dependents.

LUBERO During the examined period, the situation has remained very unstable in terms of security and civilian protection. The groupements of Musindi, Lughenge and Itala have been the most affected, but many groupements and localités of the Lubero territory have been through moments of instability. Armed group members have not stopped to carry out violations against civilians, especially those who live in the South and West areas of Lubero territory. On 6 June 2015, alleged FDLR killed 8 people in different mining sites in Munzoa, in the groupement of Lughenge. On 1st July, inhabitants of Kaseghe village and the surrounding area protested against the assassination of the local chief in the localité of Kihembe, killed in his compound on 31 May. Much damage was reported, especially the local authorities office was burned, as well as certain other infrastructure elements, especially the facilities of the Kaseghe central market. Many people are hesitant about going back to their respective villages due to the fact that armed groups still control a significant part of the Southern and Western areas of Lubero territory. The groupements that were most affected by this situation are Musindi, Itala and Lughenge.

5 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

III. Analysis of the context

IV. 1 Table of incidents per territory

52 23 - 8 113 6 19 76 41 27 4 10 5 10 394 BENI

GOMA - - - - 8 2 10 7 19 - 1 4 3 1 55

LUBERO 85 3 - 16 77 10 6 68 35 5 3 6 - 2 316

MASISI 88 3 1 36 135 47 4 69 91 20 24 17 9 15 559

NYIRAGONGO 20 2 - 5 25 - - 16 7 2 1 1 - - 79

RUTSHURU 104 7 4 109 247 72 1 84 42 9 1 42 26 15 763

WALIKALE 48 1 2 62 82 87 4 54 34 - 19 14 4 3 414

TOTAL 397 39 7 236 687 224 44 374 269 63 53 94 47 46 2580

Comments

 The number of protection incidents has decreased by 7% compared to May 2015 when 2,788 incidents were reported.  A decrease of 10% can be noticed in the number of incidents reported in Beni compared to May 2015, when 442 were recorded. In Walikale the number of incidents has decreased significantly, by 20%, compared to the previous month, when 520 incidents were reported. Despite the general trend of decrease in the number of incidents, in Nyiragongo territory the number of cases reported in June has increased by 21%, and in Masisi the number has increased by 8% in comparison to the number of incidents reported in May 2015.  A worrying trend to be observed is the increase in the arbitrary arrests in Nyiragongo and Rutshuru territories. In Nyiragongo the number of arbitrary arrests reported has increased by 300% compared to the previous month, and in Rutshuru this number has increased by 30%. The amount of forced labour cases has also increased in Nyiragongo. In May 1 case of forced labour was reported, while June had 5 cases.  The number of kidnappings in Beni territory has increased by 43,7% compared to May 2015, when 16 kidnappings were reported.  The number of intentional fires reported in Beni has also increased during the period reported. In May, 4 cases of fire had been recorded, while in June there have been 19 cases.  In Walikale, the number of cases of injuries and maiming has increased significantly. During May 2015, 14 cases were reported, while during in June 2015, 34 cases were reported, therefore an increase of 142%.

6 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

III.2 Table of incidents per actor

FARDC 115 5 - 156 310 111 1 45 51 10 7 7 5 13 836 FDLR 10 3 3 37 41 6 - 45 32 2 1 14 - - 194 ADF/Nalu - 18 - - - - 18 2 7 18 - - - - 63 Nyatura 4 - 1 - 46 9 - 15 10 3 8 3 - 2 101 Mai Mai 25 - 2 18 66 36 2 18 24 1 19 15 - - 226 Other armed groups 5 3 - 17 5 4 18 17 12 4 4 1 - 90

PNC 180 - - 9 81 8 1 6 11 1 7 - - 5 309 Other civilian authorities 7 - - 2 19 32 - - 3 - 1 - 1 - 65 Civilian population 5 - - 5 6 8 14 19 66 1 2 29 23 13 191 Others 46 10 1 9 101 9 4 206 48 15 4 22 17 13 505 TOTAL 397 39 7 236 687 224 44 374 269 63 53 94 47 46 2580

Comments

 The number of incidents allegedly perpetrated by FARDC has decreased by 12,7% compared to May 2015, when 958 cases were reported. However, the number of homicides allegedly carried out by the same actor has increased by 66% in June 2015 compared to May, when 6 cases were reported. The number of cases of sexual violence has also increased. The number of rapes that has FARDC as the alleged perpetrator increased 16%, while “other sexual violence” cases increased by 66%.  The number of incidents perpetrated by FDLR has decreased by 22% in June 2015 compared to May 2015, when 250 cases were recorded. The number of incidents perpetrated by ADF/Nalu has also decreased, this time by 30%, compared to May 2015. However, the number of incidents carried out by Mai Mai groups has increased by 140% compared to May 2015, when 94 incidents were reported. The number of violations perpetrated by the civilian population has also increased, by 24%.  The majority of homicides were carried out by ADF/Nalu. However, the number of homicides perpetrated by ADF/Nalu has decreased significantly compared to May 2015, when this group was responsible for 64 homicides.

7 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

III.3 Table of incidents per category of victim/survivor

Residents 266 20 4 157 492 156 8 243 149 40 32 62 35 34 1698 IDP 33 - 1 33 63 9 14 57 61 6 7 15 4 11 314 Returnee IDPs 96 19 2 35 118 51 22 74 58 17 14 15 8 1 530 Spontaneously ------Repatriated 2 11 14 8 - 1 - 2 38 Refugees ------0

TOTAL 397 39 7 236 687 224 44 374 269 63 53 94 47 46 2580

Comments

 A significant decrease can be observed in the number of cases where the victims are residents. In May they have been 69,7% of victims/survivors. In June 2015, they have been 65,8%. This decrease, from 1,945 cases in May to 1,698 cases in June, represent a decrease of 12,7%.  The number of incidents with IDPs has increased by 11% compared to May 2015, when 283 incidents affected IDPs.  The number of violations perpetrated against returnee IDPs has remained very similar to the previous month. In May 2015, returnee IDPs have been the victims/survivors of 533 cases.

8 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report

III.4 Table of incidents disaggregating gender and age

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY Other Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes sexual Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming incidents violence Women 0-4 ------1 1 - 2 5-11 ------1 2 - 4 - - 7 12-17 1 4 - - 16 7 - 1 2 - - 38 16 - 85 18-59 18 5 - 5 131 46 6 49 63 14 5 46 28 14 430 60+ - - - - 1 1 - 7 1 1 - - 1 12 Subtotal 19 9 0 5 148 54 6 57 66 17 6 89 45 15 536

Men 0-4 - 1 ------2 - - - - - 3 5-11 - - - 5 - - 1 - 4 - - - - - 10 12-17 11 2 5 9 7 6 1 - 11 4 1 2 1 - 60 18-59 365 26 2 214 522 158 32 309 177 39 45 2 1 29 1921 60+ 2 1 3 10 6 4 8 9 3 1 1 - 2 50 Subtotal 378 30 7 231 539 170 38 317 203 46 47 5 2 31 2044

Total 397 39 7 236 687 224 44 374 269 63 53 94 47 46 2580

Comments  In relation to the child protection, the protection monitoring system has reported 6 homicides, a decrease compared to May 2015, when 8 homicides concerning minors have been reported. 6 cases of kidnapping and 5 cases of forced recruitment have been reported in June 2015. Additionally, 45 cases of rape of minors and 18 cases of other sexual violence, including forced marriage and sexual aggression, have been recorded. Children were the victims of 6,5% of incidents reported in June 2015, an increase compared to May 2015, when children were the target of 5,4% of cases.  In relation to women protection, they have been the victims of 20,8% of incidents and are 95% of the survivors of sexual violence in June 2015. The number of incidents of sexual violence has increased significantly in June 2015 compared to May 2015, when 91 cases were reported, therefore an increase of 55%.

9 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring North K i v u – J u n e Monthly Report