Leland Township Community Recreation Plan 2020-2024
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LELAND TOWNSHIP COMMUNITY RECREATION PLAN 2020-2024 DRAFT 10-22-19 TABLE OF CONTENTS Community Description ........................................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Structure ........................................................................................................................ 6 Recreation Inventory............................................................................................................................. 7 Description of the Planning Process .................................................................................................. 14 Goals and Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 15 Action Program .................................................................................................................................... 16 COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION In 2017, the population in Leland Township was 1,818 according to the American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. The population density for the township averages approximately 40 persons per square mile, compared to approximately 62.1 persons per square mile for Leelanau County. In 1940, Leland Township was the largest population center in the county, with more than 14% (1,212) of the people. As of 2017, Leland Township’s population of 1,818 made up 8.4% of Leelanau County’s total population (21,564). When looking at population counts for Leland Township, it is important to note that the figure presented by the Census does not reflect the actual number of persons in the area during the summer months. This situation can be seen throughout much of northern Michigan. The summer population is largely inflated by seasonal second home owners and tourists, many of whom come to enjoy the beaches along Lake Michigan and Lake Leelanau, and to visit Leland’s shops and historic Fishtown. A 2014 Northwest Michigan Seasonal Population Analysis found that Leelanau County’s population grows by over 12,000 people during the summer months, and has one of the highest percentages of seasonal population in the 10-county region of Northwest Michigan. Population & Housing Trends: The age of a community’s residents is an % of % of Population by Age, Leland Leelanau important factor in determining recreation Township County 2017 Township County needs: facilities should accommodate the Total Total varying abilities and interests of residents Total 1,818 100% 21,564 100% at different stages of life. According to the Preschool (0 to 4) 45 2.5 % 885 4.1% 2017 American Community Survey, the median age in Leland Township is 53.9, School Age (5 to 17) 279 15.3 % 2,804 13.0% which is over 10 years more than the College Age (18 to 24) 121 6.7 % 1,422 6.6% state’s median age of 39.6 years. Due to Young Adult (25 to 44) 284 15.6 % 3,683 17.1% Leland Township’s desirability as a retirement destination, the population Adult (45 to 64) 583 32.1 % 6,747 31.3% tends to be older than the state or national Older Adult (65 plus) 506 27.8 % 6,023 27.9% averages. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey (ACS), 5-Year Housing in the township is largely Estimates residential, with the majority of single family homes located in Leland and Lake Leelanau and along the shores of Lake Leelanau and Lake Michigan. High concentrations of seasonal homes are more often found in communities with significant amounts of shoreline or public land, and as of the 2010 U.S. Census, 45.1% of the total housing stock in Leland Township was made up of seasonal housing, one of the highest in the County. Leland Township also has one of the highest median home values in the County (2010 U.S. Census) as shoreline, along with a resort and seasonal economy, also contributes to higher housing values. Since the early 1970s, an increasing number of retirees have settled in Leland Township. Some have built retirement homes, mainly along the lakeshores. Many seasonal residents have renovated and winterized their homes. These activities have stimulated the local economy and provided a steady source of construction- related jobs. New and renovated homes, however, are often expensive, impacting property values and the tax base, and making it difficult for some residents to afford their shoreline homes. Retired residents require services and have contributed to the creation of many service-related jobs. The township is attempting to accommodate the special needs of its increasing population of older citizens in areas such as housing and recreation activities. 1 Ensuring that the recreation needs of youth are addressed can make the community more attractive to families, helping to reverse the decline in younger populations, while also improving opportunities for physical activity and social development among the region’s children and adolescents. The enrollment at Leland Public Schools, grades K-12, was around 520 students for 2018-2019. At St. Mary Catholic School in Lake Leelanau, enrollment for grades K-12 was around 213 students. The township has a relatively high level of educational attainment, with 96.1% of adults 25 years and older being high school graduates and 53.2% of adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher, compared to 28.1% statewide. Leland Township has several distinct populations. Many local residents are from families that settled in the area in the 1850s. The current population makeup includes people working in agriculture, including migrant and other farmworkers, construction, and the service industry, as well as affluent seasonal residents, retirees, and many more. Consideration of these different population groups is important in planning for recreation programs and facilities. Maintaining the parks and improving and expanding facilities to accommodate young families, seniors, residents of all income levels, and year-round and seasonal residents is important. Employment Trends: In 2017, the median household income for Leland Township was $65,517, with a per capita income of $42,529 (ACS 2017). During this time, Leelanau County’s median household income was $66,372, and the per capita personal income was $60,914, which was the second highest in the state. Leland Township’s poverty rate is 2.2%, which is well below the state rate of 15.6%. Despite having a significantly high income population, Leland Township has all levels of income earning populations to account for in planning for recreation. When planning for recreation, it is important to ensure that activities and amenities in the community are within the financial means of the majority of residents. Tourism and related industries provide the majority of occupations in the township. Educational services, and health care and social assistance are the largest industry group, representing 18.9% of total employment for the population 16 years and older. Construction is the next largest group, followed by the retail trade and arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation and food services. Major employers in the township include construction companies, the schools, and local restaurants. However, not all of the residents that are employed work in the township, and many commute outside the County, largely to Traverse City. Leland Township accommodates a number of business establishments and various types of enterprise which contribute significantly to the tax base and local economy. Agricultural enterprise consists mainly of family- operated fruit-growing farms. And there are an increasing number of wineries and vineyards in the Township and surrounding area. In the villages of Lake Leelanau and Leland, there are restaurants, retail shops, cottage industries and professional offices that provide goods and services to local and summer residents. To accommodate tourists, there are a variety of overnight facilities within the township, including bed and breakfast establishments, lodges, rental homes and cottages. 2 DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Land Use Patterns: Leland Township is located in Leelanau County, which is bordered to the north and west by Lake Michigan and on the east by Grand Traverse Bay. Traverse City, adjacent to the southeastern corner of Leelanau County, is the closest urban area, some 25 miles from Leland Township. The county is about three-fourths open land or woodland with agricultural and low-density rural residential areas. The residential areas are located mainly in the southeastern portions of the county and could be considered suburban Traverse City. More than 10% of the county is occupied by the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Leland Township has two unincorporated villages, Leland and Lake Leelanau. Leland is located along the Leland River on a narrow piece of land between Lake Michigan and Lake Leelanau. It was settled in the 1850s when a dam was built on the Leland River for the logging industry (the dam remains in place today). Other industries were iron smelting and fishing. The commercial fishing industry remains today, and many charter boats are available during the summer months for salmon fishing. Leland is the site of a harbor of refuge for recreational boaters. During the summer months, the marina is crowded with boats and boaters enjoying Leland. Manitou Island Transit, located in the marina, ferries visitors and backpackers to North and South Manitou islands wilderness areas located within Sleeping Bear National Lakeshore. Fishing is a popular sport along the marina breakwater