PASAM-TAI Projet d’Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaire des Ménages Tanadin Abincin Iyali

Annual Result Report for FY 2017

Awardee Name and Host Country Catholic Relief Services-United States Conference of Catholic Bishops- Niger

Award Number AID-FFP-A-12-00005

Project Name PASAM-TAI

Submission Date November 06, 2017

Reporting Fiscal Year FY 2017

Awardee HQ Contact Name Eric Winecoff Award Management Officer

Awardee HQ Contact Address 228 West Lexington Street, Baltimore, MD 21201

Awardee HQ Contact Telephone Tel: (443) 955 7190 Number

Awardee HQ Contact Email Address [email protected]

Host Country Office Contact Name Ali Abdoulaye Country Representative

Host Country Office Contact Tel: (227) 20-72-38-61 Telephone Number Host Country Office Contact Email [email protected] Address List of Acronyms ACF Action Contre la Faim ANC Ante Natal Care BDL Bio-reclamation of Degraded Land CLTS Community-Led Total Sanitation CGPE Comite de Gestion de Point d’Eau / Water Point Management Committee CHW Community Health Worker CRS Catholic Relief Services DFAP Development Food Assistance Program ECD Early Childhood Development ENA Essential Nutrition Actions EWS Early Warning System FAO Food Agriculture Organization FFW Food For Work GoN Government of Niger GRET Groupe de Recherche et d’Echange Technologique HH Household ICRISAT International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics IR Intermediate Result LM Lead Mother MCU Mother Child Unit MFI Micro Finance Institution MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoE Ministry of Education MOH Ministry of Health ODF Open Defecation Free OP (For French) Organisation Paysanne = Producer Organization OSV Observatoire Suivie de la Vulnérabilité – Vulnerability Monitoring Observatory PASAM-TAI Programme d’Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaire des Ménages-Tanadin Abincin Iyali PICS Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage PSP Private Service Provider PVS Participatory Variety Selection SCAP-RU Système Communautaire D’alerte Précoce et Réponse aux Urgences – Community Early Warning System and Response to Emergencies SILC Savings and Internal Lending Communities UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund USAID United States Agency for International Development WASH Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene

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Table of Contents List of Acronyms ...... i Table of Contents ...... ii 1) Activity Interventions and Results ...... 1 Strategic Objective 1 (SO1): Households (especially pregnant and lactating women and children under 5) have reduced chronic malnutrition...... 2 Intermediate Result 1.1: Households (especially pregnant and lactating women and children under five) have adopted appropriate health, hygiene and nutrition behaviors ...... 2 Intermediate Result 1.2: 14,500 Mother-child units have accessed quality community and facility-based health, WASH and nutrition services ...... 5 Strategic Objective 2 (SO2): 73,700 vulnerable households have increased the production and consumption of food for nutrition and income ...... 8 Intermediate Result 2.1: 73,700 Households have increased and diversified the production of more nutritious foods for consumption and income ...... 9 Intermediate Result 2.2: Households have adopted improved varieties of staple crops for consumption and income ...... 12 Intermediate Result 2.3: Households have effectively managed responsible integrated crop production systems ...... 12 Intermediate Result 2.4 Households have increased sources of revenue ...... 13 Strategic Objective 3 (SO3): 643 Targeted communities have improved integrated disaster risk management ...... 15 Intermediate Result 3.1: 643 Community-based early warning systems function as an integral part of the national Early Warning System (EWS) mechanism ...... 15 Intermediate Result 3.2: 643 Targeted communities have managed disaster responses ..... 16 Cross-cutting Gender Objective 1: Women and men expand gender roles to enhance sustainable results ...... 16 Cross-cutting Intermediate Result 1.1: Target communities have improved gender equity 16 Cross-cutting Intermediate Result 2.1: Women and men have increased basic literacy and numeracy skills ...... 17 ...... 17 Cross-cutting Intermediate Result 3.1: Governance of targeted communities and national structures strengthened...... 17 2) Direct Participating Households Receiving Multiple Interventions by Sector (Strategic Objective/Purpose SO/P) ...... 18

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3) Challenges, Successes, and Lessons Learned ...... 18 Challenges ...... 18 Successes ...... 21 Lessons Learned ...... 22 4) Attachments ...... 24 Attachment B: Success Stories ...... 24 Attachment C. Indicator Performance Tracking Table (IPTT) ...... 24 Attachment D. IPTT/Data Source Descriptions ...... 24 Attachment E. Baseline/Evaluation, Assessments and Study Reports ...... 24 E.1. Report of nutrition mass screening in the district of Mayahi (Maradi region) July 2017 Dr. Zakou YAHAYA/CRS and data base ...... 24 E.2. Market garden study ...... 24 E.3. Case study municipal management of water point in Kourni municipality ...... 24 E. 4 Annual Survey and Annual Survey data base ...... 24 Attachment F. Technical Sectors Survey completed via google doc ...... 24 Attachment G. Unique and Direct Participants ...... 24 Attachment H. ARR Program Area/Element Information ...... 24 Attachment I. Monetization and Cost Recovery Data – NOT APPLICABLE ...... 24 Attachment J. Standardized Annual Performance Questionnaire (SAPQ) ...... 24 Attachment K. Actuals Table - NOT APPLICABLE ...... 24 Other Attachments L...... 24 L.1. Commodity distribution table in FY17(FFP-MIS attachment H) ...... 24 L.2. Agreement water point management committee with municipality ...... 24 L.3. Recapitulation water user fees collected ...... 24 L.4. Sample water point bio-chemical analysis ...... 24 L.5. Recapitulation Market gardening activity/group composition/ infrastructures ...... 24 L.6. Recapitulation Small ruminants scheme succession ...... 24 L.7. Contract between Amate and Seed Producer ...... 24 L.8. Contract between Seed Seller and Amate ...... 24 L.9. Inventory credit contract -Warrantage ...... 24 L.10. Agreement between OP and municipality ...... 24

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L.11. Recapitulation of PSP SILC earnings ...... 24 L.12. Data collection sheet SCAP-RU ...... 24 L.13. Monthly report SCAP-RU ...... 24 L.14. Meeting minutes OSV ...... 24 L.15. Training module VDC booklet ...... 24 L.16. Training session social cohesion ...... 24 L.17. Agreement VDC-Municipality ...... 24

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1) Activity Interventions and Results Catholic Relief Services (CRS)/Niger in partnership with the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), “Groupe de Recherche et d’Echange Technologique (GRET), the Government of Niger (GoN) technical extension services and Caritas Développement – Maradi (CADEV), are implementing a six-year Title II Development Food Assistance Program (DFAP) named Programme d’Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaire des Ménages- Tanadin Abincin Iyali (PASAM-TAI). The goal of this program is to reduce food insecurity and malnutrition in rural households in the districts of Mayahi and Kantché in the Maradi and Zinder regions of Niger. The strategic objectives of the program are as follows:

Strategic Objective 1: Households (HH) with pregnant and lactating women as well as children under five years of age (U5) have reduced chronic malnutrition Strategic Objective 2: Vulnerable HH have increased production and consumption of food for nutrition and income Strategic Objective 3: Target communities have improved integrated disaster risk management Cross-cutting Objective 1: Women and men expand gender roles to enhance sustainable results.

FY17 was the fifth year of implementation of PASAM-TAI. The project was granted a 14-month extension and will come to an end on September 30, 2018. Three crucial factors contributed to successful project implementation in FY17: a. During the May to October 2017 planting season, the project area received above average rainfall and the Ministry of Agriculture, which is currently compiling crops data, is expecting harvests to be above average. FEWS-Net reports in the September 2017 update overall for Niger that “Due to a good level of rainfall, the harvest for the current season is expected to be average to above average. Millet and cowpea harvests are improving food availability and access to agricultural labor opportunities for poor households. These elements will contribute to Minimal (IPC Phase 1) acute food insecurity until at least January 2018.”

Over the last five growing seasons, except for localized crop failures, farmers in the project area have harvested average or above average crops. Except for localized crop failure, the communities have not experienced any severe large-scale food security shocks since the 2011 planting season. This enabling environment has contributed to strong community engagement for project activities as community members had the resources, time, and motivation to devote to the project activities. b. Despite widespread security concerns in Eastern and Western Niger, where communities face threats of terrorist attacks, the project area did not register any security alerts during the year, even in the Nigeria-bordering department of Kantché, where movement is unhindered.

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c. Finally, the local government’s leadership has remained stable throughout the five years. Governors, Prefects, and Mayors have all remained in their respective locations and thus have gained a deep knowledge of the project’s activities, which they actively support. Similarly, with few exceptions, most district level directors of the GoN technical services remained in their positions. These ministry personnel at the district level have been key in the implementation of project activities across all sectors. At the project level, the cohort of field agents is now stable, with fewer departures taking place in FY17. In addition, there was a smooth transition of leadership more than halfway through the project, with a new CoP taking over from the first CoP just before the beginning of the FY in August 2016. Other key staff transitions in the course of this year were smoothly implemented for the nutrition team leader and gender officer positions.

Strategic Objective 1 (SO1): Households (especially pregnant and lactating women and children under 5) have reduced chronic malnutrition. The Care Group approach is well accepted in the communities throughout the project area with 145 promotors and 1,286 volunteers overseeing activities of the 5,886 active Lead Mothers. Communication efforts on key health behaviors resulted in a marked increase in knowledge among community members, but the challenge remains to translate that increased knowledge to actual behavior change.

Intermediate Result 1.1: Households (especially pregnant and lactating women and children under five) have adopted appropriate health, hygiene and nutrition behaviors Awareness of key health and hygiene messages and promotion of key practices Output 1.1.1 and 1.1.2 Using a mix of behavior change communication tools, Ante Natal Care participation is the PASAM TAI team is able to communicate a wide well accepted by communities. A range of key health and nutrition messages. The primary result of a qualitative survey2 different ways used to communicate include conducted in Mayahi PASAM-TAI in broadcasting of messages over community radios, community video using Pico projectors, listening clubs area in September 2017 to identity using prerecorded skits on tape recorders and flip influencing factors of behaviour charts available to each of the lead mothers. Messages change in the district found that, out have been proven to be heard and generally of 197 mothers of children 12-23 understood. For example, the annual survey found that months interviewed 137 (69.5%) have out of 1,145 women aged 15-49, 1,068 or 93.3% are completed four ANC visits during able to cite two reasons why it is important for their last pregnancy. This is well children under five and women to seek health services. above the national rate of 38.5% Similarly, the preliminary end-line survey1 found that calculated for 2015 and over the 60% the percent of adult males that can give two reasons why national target 2.

1 Evelyn survey preliminary results Niger FY 2012 DFAP Baseline and End-line Indicators PASAM TAI. Aug.15,2017 2 See Attachment E.2. 3 Ministère du Plan, Plan de Développement Economique et Social 2017-2021

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access to health services is important for children, women and adolescent girls has increased by 11.4% from 66.4% at baseline to 77.8% (1,339 men surveyed). Translation into adoption is the focus of the project team’s work who is engaging opinion leaders in the community to complement basic communication on key practices. Exclusive breastfeeding and use of mosquito nets for example, are two behaviors that now seem well accepted in the communities. Women in particular are very vocal about their understanding of these messages, they are adamant that the practice is adhered to and will continue to transmit this knowledge to their children. The preliminary end line survey results suggest that despite the improvement seen, male knowledge is significantly lower than that of women. Accordingly, the project team is adjusting to better engage men in the behavior change communication strategy.

Due to the successful pilot of the SMART (Strengthening Marriages and Relationships through Planning and Communication) couple approach in 26 villages in 2016-2017, it is currently being expanded to 52 other villages. This couple strengthening approach implemented in the PASAM TAI zone is based on the Islamic Family House curriculum, which is well adapted to the Nigerien context. This approach is an evidence-based development intervention that improves couples’ ability to communicate and make shared decisions affecting the household, and contributes to healthy timing and spacing of pregnancies.

Output 1.1.3: Mother Child Unit (MCU) are consuming quality Title II & locally-made Complementary Food PASAM TAI started the FY with 1,147 MT of commodities in stock and did not receive any additional shipments (CSB+ 989 Mt and Vegetable Oil 158 MT). The last distribution of TTII food ration to pregnant and lactating mothers and children under-two took place in April 2017 in the district of Kantche and June 2017 in the district of Mayahi. The withdrawal process was gradually implemented in the communities with the registration of new beneficiaries stopped at the end of 2014. In addition, 88 Mt of commodities were distributed to 300 ECD centers (66 MT of CSB+ and 22 MT of Veg. Oil). Over the five years that the TTII commodity distribution took place, PASAM TAI reached 33,523 project participants for MCU; 3,728 for Food For Work (FFW) on BDL and 6,424 for ECD. (see Attachment H for details of MTs distributed this year).

In the meantime, the two production units of locally made enriched flour “Garin Yaraa” saw their production increase significantly due to orders of 98Mts total by WFP, SOS Sahel and the GoN Cellule de Crise Alimentaire (CCA). The production for distribution to local distributors throughout the project area, however, has not been as effective as anticipated with sales of 5,184Kg in Matameye and only 749Kg in Mayahi. Mothers who used to receive CSB+ rations from the project have difficulties accepting that they now have to From left to right Garin Yaraa packages of 60 gr, 250gr and 500gr to match pay for a similar product produced locally. Mothers and purchasing power of customers. fathers argued that the packet of 500g sold at 450FCFA Photo: Chaibou Naroua CRS (0.75US) was not affordable. The value chain officer thus worked with the production units to adjust their

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marketing strategies. While the price cannot be reduced without jeopardizing the sustainability of the production unit, smaller packages of 125FCFA (60Gr.) and 250FCFA (250 Gr.) were introduced on the market to respond to mothers’ inability to purchase the larger quantity. Field agents are currently conducting cooking demonstrations and identifying new sales points in the communities to boost sales through shopkeepers/distributors.

Cooking demonstrations are conducted using the improved local cook stove to demonstrate concurrently the energy-saving benefits of the device. However, field agents are reporting that interest in improved cook stoves (3,023 built) is generally found only in communities where the majority of dwellers used thatch roofs or huts made of the local secco mats. The primary benefit of the cook stove, perceived in the communities, is as a good fire prevention measure (cooking fires are easier to control in a cook stove) rather than an energy saving tool. Community members in these communities are ready to pay a trained artisan a small fee to have a stove built on their compound. Regardless, field agents continue their communication and education efforts to promote cook stoves to encourage energy saving measures.

Output 1.1.4 training of primary school students in improved health and sanitation behaviors WASH activities around the school are influencing behavior change of students at an early age. To this end PASAM TAI developed the hygiene teaching guide that the ministry of education is in the process of adopting for dissemination country wide. In close collaboration with the Ministry of Education, the PASAM TAI WASH team also trains teachers on teaching hygiene using participatory activities, and supports monitoring visits by district inspectors and organizes in-service teacher training. In FY17, 398 teachers, including 168 women, were trained to teach the hygiene and sanitation curriculum. In addition, 400 teachers attended four daylong sessions of teacher in service training reviewing better ways to teach the hygiene in school curriculum. The WASH friendly school program ensures that after meeting certain criteria, schools are certified as WASH Friendly. This year 34 schools met these criteria bringing the number of certified WASH friendly schools to 74 since the start of the program. Certification is done by a district committee with local authorities. The PTA supported by the project and student hygiene club created as part of the WASH friendly school program play a key role in maintaining the standard of hygiene in the school. The PTA oversees and monitors proper use and cleaning of latrines, the provision of hand washing stations, and organizes sanitation work. To encourage the work of PTA and hygiene clubs 41schools received clean up kits (wheelbarrows, shovel, brooms etc).

Output 1.1.5. Primary schools have improved sanitary facilities Many schools in the project area either do not have latrines or existing latrine are overused. In FY 17 PASAM TAI built 21 school latrines blocs with hand washing stations. Just as important as the infrastructure itself, is the organization of the school community around maintenance and use of the latrines. PTA and school hygiene clubs ensure that this is in-check and also promote and enforce hygienic behaviors like hand washing after latrine use. Latrines are clearly identified separately for boys’ and girls’ use. Number of villages certified ODF by year since inception Output 1.1.6. Households have improved sanitation systems The of project GoN aims for the region of Maradi to become Open Defecation Free FY 13 16 FY 14 55 Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005,FY November 15 41 06 , 2017 4 FY 16 53

FY 17 100 Total 265

(ODF) in its entirety by the end of 20172. While this goal is ambitious and somewhat unrealistic, it mobilized local authorities to support efforts in that direction. As a result of this support, the PASAM TAI team, working with mayors and village chiefs, registered much progress in the three municipalities of the Mayahi district (Maradi region) where 56 villages were certified ODF. Another 44 were certified in the nine municipalities of the Kantche district (Zinder region). The team organized ten municipal fora on ODF where leaders of triggered villages were able to exchange with others on the factors preventing them from reaching certification. They then prepared an action plan at the end of each forum. Following the training of 34 community masons in FY17 Village certification ODF (total 224), 671 mini slabs were built but only 226 were maintenance rate after 1 year Year Target Achieved sold. The WASH team launched an assessment in a 2015 45% 36% sample of villages to understand why so few mini slabs 2016 48% 49% were being purchased. They attribute this timid response 2017 50% 53%* *27 villages maintained ODF to their sanitation marketing effort to the poor timing of certification out of 53 surveyed marketing of the mini slabs started at the beginning of the lean season when household resources are scare. Users indicated however that they like the price, the fact that it is available within the community and that it is easy to use. However, other development projects (Carter Center with MoH and PASEHA project), continue to provide subsidized San Plat in the project area, thus undermining efforts to convince heads of households to invest their own resources in the sanitation product.

Intermediate Result 1.2: 14,500 Mother-child units have accessed quality community and facility-based health, WASH and nutrition services Output 1.2.1 Health providers have incorporated the 1,000 days approach into existing services To ensure the quality of behavior change communication, a group of 18 recently hired PASAM TAI field agents (incl. 3 women) were trained in Essential Actions in Nutrition (ENA) for 5 days in August 2017. The training, delivered jointly by the nutrition team leader with members of the MoH district and regional health teams contributed to reinforce staff understanding of nutrition programming and provided them an opportunity to engage with MoH personnel as the trainers in direct implementation of the program.

The health promoters and volunteers held regular monthly growth monitoring sessions. These sessions are conducted as much as possible at the GoN run health centers, so that CHWs work directly under the supervision of health center staff to ensure sustainability of these activities after the project ends. Lead mothers invite the mothers in their Care Group to attend the sessions. They also follow up on children identified at risk through home visits or during

2 The more realistic global Objectives for Sustainable Development goals set the year 2030 to declare all villages ODF as stated in GON-Ministere de l’Hydraulique et de l’Assainissement FEUILLE DE ROUTE POUR UN NIGER SANS DEFECATION A L’AIR LIBRE September 2017

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referral visits to the health center if needed. The annual survey indicates that home visits are conducted systematically. Out of 1,137 mothers interviewed, 181 mentioned that their child had been suspected of malnutrition (52%, 95 were girls). 100% of these mothers indicated that they received a home visit - 32% by a lead mother, 22% by health volunteers, 13% by health promoters and 26% by a CHW not specified and 7% mentioned visits by “others”.

In the department of Mayahi, concerns grew over the early onset of the lean season in April 2017. Some villages had experienced below average harvests due to the irregularity of rain in their area in the previous rainy season (May-Sept. 2016) and the price of cereals was increasing faster locally than in other regional markets. The District Medical Officer of MoH mobilized all present development actors to conduct a mass screening of the seven municipalities in the district. CRS, UNICEF, WFP, Action Contre la Faim (ACF) participated. This exercise provided an opportunity to test the capacity of the CHW and other organizations’ personnel to collaborate with MoH. The mass screening was conducted from July 6-9 and screened 118,744 children aged 6-59 months, and the results showed that there was no reason for alarm. The GAM rate was well below the WHO alert level of 10% for GAM. The twelve health centers in the PASAM TAI area showed a much lower rate of malnutrition (global and severe) than other health centers outside the project area. The results were also well below the average for rural areas of the Maradi region estimated at Results of nutition mass screening in the Mayahi 12% in the district 2016 Niger July 2017 (118,744 children 6-59 mo.) SMART survey. PASAM TAI area (12 health centers) More Other area (18 health centers) importantly for Overal Mayahi district the project 1.65% team it Sever Acute Malnut. 2.53% 2.05% showed that 4.14% somehow Moderate Acute Malnutr. 7.15% 5.48% efforts on nutrition 5.78% Global Acute Malnut. 9.78% education in 7.53% the project area are bearing fruits. However, 3021 children were identified as moderately or severely malnourished and were the focus of attention of lead mothers. Lists of these children were shared with CHWs for each village. The 861 children identified as severely malnourished (489 girls and 372 boys) were referred to the closest health center for inclusion in the MoH nutrition recuperation program.

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The 2,160 children identified as moderately malnourished (1,206 girls and 954 boys) were visited and followed up at home by the CHW and lead mothers. See mass screening report in Attachment E. 2.

Output 1.2.2. household have improved water supply and health infrastructures Just as it is important to build physical water infrastructures, it is essential to build communities’ capacity to manage these infrastructures. The PASAM TAI team emphasized this latter aspect by supporting the setup of municipally managed water development funds to handle money raised from water user fees, as described in the section on successes at the end of this report. Achievements this year include: • Number of people who gained access to potable water FY17=20,629 (105,660 since inception of project) • Water is sold at all water points • 75% of water management committees (CGPE) secure their funds in bank or with the mayor’s office (55 out of 73 water points surveyed) See Attachment L.2. for sample agreement between a management committee and a municipality. • CGPE have accumulated 6,786,836FCFA (US$12,151) in secured funds. See Attachment L.3. recapitulation of water user fees collection • The handpump breakdown rate is at 4.2%, much lower than the district average. • Six users’ associations formally recognized, trained and active to oversee management of the piped water system by delegation of management to a private operator. • Training of 38 water pump repair artisans organized in two formal cooperatives (one per district) with by laws and agreements with local authorities. • Water is tested for microbiological analysis and mineral composition, including arsenic at all water points (see attachment L.4. for a sample water analysis report) When asked what PASAM Water infrastructures 131 total TAI activity changed most in their life, women living Total as of 9/30/17 in villages where water since inception project completed Maradi Zinder infrastructures were built in FY 17 Reg. Reg. indicate unanimously that 12 12 18 New boreholes with handpump access to water through a Rehabilitation of boreholes - 6 42 reliable water point made New wells 2 2 1 Rehabilitated wells 7 30 10 the greatest difference. It Small piped water system 1 1 3 is thus important to keep Extension piped water system 6 6 these infrastructures in Total = 28 51 80 working order. All CGPE

have women as members of the committee and most user fees collector are women as they tend to be more trusted than men with handling community cash.

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Two health posts were rehabilitated and upgraded to full Percent of births within the last 24 Integrated Health Center(CSI) status in Banama (Kantche months receiving at least four district) and Nanaya (Mayahi district). Fully equipped, these antenatal care (ANC) visits during centers are now staffed by MoH, including a nurse/midwife. The pregnancy Base line 47.9% full complement of a minimum of three staff ensures that the End-line 62.1% CSI is open 24/7. Opening full-fledged CSIs in these remote Improvement 14.2 % locations significantly reduces the distance to health care and will improve women’s access to assisted deliveries and pre/post-natal care. While the end-line survey preliminary results show a significant improvement in ante natal care of 14.2% since base line, 38% of women (315 out of 830) do not complete the full four ANC visits3 giving as a common reason, the distance to a facility offering the service.

Output 1.2.3. Early Childhood Development centers (ECD) are operational

216 ECD centers operated in FY17 serving 4,282 registered children. In addition, 297 new ECD facilitators were trained to open an additional 99 centers in the coming months. Community mobilization was weak this past year around contribution of food stuff for preparation of the morning snack for children and support to the women facilitators. Especially in Mayahi community members cited that the localized poor harvest was not allowing them to contribute from the family food stock. The distribution of 88Mts of CSB+ and oil in April at the onset of the lean season boosted attendance and activity in the ECD centers. However, it shows that sponsoring the creation of ECD centers with food contributed by the project disenfranchises the community from its responsibilities to supply the center in food stuff. It seems that it will be difficult in the future for communities to support ECD centers in years when food supplies are limited in the community.

Strategic Objective 2 (SO2): 73,700 vulnerable households have increased the production and consumption of food for nutrition and income The rains which started on schedule mid May 2017, remained regular throughout the growing season to the end of September. Overall the harvest is estimated to be above average in the project area with pockets of low yields due to irregularity of rains. Field agents succeeded in putting in place all rainy season activities in time, inputs were prepositioned early for demonstration plots and FFS avoiding the delays experienced the previous year. Off season market gardens are also well established, with dynamic committees taking on more responsibilities. SILC groups, OP working on oil extraction, and activities in the small ruminants value chain are for their part contributing to increasing household income.

3 Evelyn survey preliminary results Niger FY 2012 DFAP Baseline and End-line Indicators PASAM TAI. Aug.15,2017

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Intermediate Result 2.1: 73,700 Households have increased and diversified the production of more nutritious foods for consumption and income The PASAM TAI project offers four activities toward diversification of food: Bio-reclamation of Degraded Land (BDL), home and market gardens and small ruminants rearing.

Bio-reclamation of Degraded Land (BDL) In their fourth year of BDL plots cultivation, women groups who pursue the activity are doing so with great enthusiasm and success. Partner ICRISAT provided this short description of the activity in their Agri Buzz October 2017 International Food Day article featuring PASAM TAI’s effort in promoting BDL. Restoring Roots Rights and Resilience in Niger AgriBuzz article “The concept aims to restore productivity of the barren lateritic soils by using traditional water-harvesting planting techniques, like half-moons or zai pits, for the cultivation of high- value vegetables and trees, instead of millets or sorghum as farmers used to do. The impact on incomes and family nutrition makes the intensive labor investment worthwhile”

Furthermore, ICRISAT finalized the BDL manual now available on line using this link BDL manual. A total of 3,953 women planted plots on their group’s BDL. In FY17, 86 sites out of 167 treated since the beginning of the project were put under cultivation by women groups on 145 hectares (out of 183 Ha targeted). This year, eleven plots were recovered by their original owners despite signed agreements for a longer-term loan of land and 19 sites were abandoned as the groups lost motivation. In these locations, women state being discouraged by damages caused by roaming animals, the distance from the village or lack of a nearby water source to maintain trees during the dry season. An additional five particularly successful BDL sites were fenced with a chain link fence, raising the number of permanently fenced BDL sites to 15. Women most often plant moringa, okra and senna for home consumption and to sell after drying.

Home Gardens In July 2017, CRS conducted a study on African Indigenous Vegetables ( AIVs) in the Kantche department and then trained 25 field agents on the value of AIVs. The assessment report is attached in Attachment E3. Participants in the focus groups were eager to know more about the nutritional value of their traditional foods. The study also highlighted the importance that the transformation of AIVs represent for women who collect them in the wild, dry and then sell AIVs as a traditional practice. The PASAM-TAI team was surprised to discover how much indigenous knowledge they had overlooked and how in their haste to promote the miracle moringa tree, they contributed to bypassing important nutritious local resources. Coming together for the training, nutrition and agriculture field agents reinforced the need for closer collaboration between the two sectors, to promote these diverse local vegetables.

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Demonstration gardens were established at the CRS sub offices and field agents adjusted their approach in the promotion of home gardens by promoting the inclusion of AIVs. Each field agent selected five local home garden experts in their zone to enroll their support and innovative spirit in the promotion of AIVs in home gardens. Collection of seeds in the wild started earnestly at the end of the rainy season. This new direction, feeling like an “aha” moment for many field agents, marks a great progress towards the sustainability of home gardens and a shift from the previous unsustainable approach, depending on donations of imported vegetable seeds from the FAO.

Market Gardens Market gardening is an activity done in the department of Kantche where low lying areas and the depth of the water table are conducive to irrigation. In addition, the activity is attractive because of marketing opportunities given the proximity to the Nigerian market.

In FY 2017, market garden groups totaling 2,547 members (378 women – 15%) planted 112ha (out of 135 Ha targeted); 92 sites were active out of a potential of 106. In Attachment L.5. a table presents the current situation by sites, and Attachment E.4. presents the results of the market garden assessment conducted this year. The team collected data from 393 producers, of which 15% (58) were women. 343 producers (87%) indicated that they grow cabbage, making it the lead crop followed by lettuce 146 producers (37%). Overall the producers surveyed estimated a total margin of 87,463,841FCFA (US$145,773) representing an income per producer of 222,554FCFA (US$370). In addition, the assessment highlighted the significant use of hired labor especially for cabbage production, thus confirming anecdotal reports that market gardening is contributing to reduce dry season out-migration.

Market gardening remains an activity dominated by men. With support from PASAM TAI, women engaged in market gardening on their own, but it remained for them a small-scale activity, contributing mainly to home consumption. Traditionally women work on the family market garden plot managed by their husbands. Because market gardening requires so much time on a daily basis, time saving measures benefitting women should be the priority before attempting to offer them other resources in market gardening. Women cite as a constraint that the garden sites are at times far from the village and require substantial amounts of time commuting to the site, in addition to the time spent daily working in the garden.

To reinforce the sustainability of the market garden groups, the PASAM TAI team conducted training on group organization and cooperative work, trained artisans to maintain moto pumps and boreholes, registered market garden groups with local authorities through formal cooperative agreements and created six marketing unions, unifying groups by geographic areas in their marketing strategy. Artisans operate as PSPs offering repairs of boreholes at a fee of 12,500FCFA (US$21) per borehole.

Small Ruminants Rearing

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The last animal fair scheduled in the SMALL RUMINANTS project and the allocation of animals SCHEME (goats, sheep) to project participants took place in April 2017. 830 women Animal obtained through succession received a Habbanaye4 kit of two goats Animal obtained direclty through fairs and one buck.Animal In previousobtained directly through fairs distributions, women received only 0 two female goats. This was changed 288 650 675 1,613 due to the low number of bucks in the 834 community, making the reproduction 835 834 830 3,333 rate slower than anticipated. The schedule for the succession plan was thus too slow. After discussion with other USAID RISE partners, the

project team adjusted the methodology and added a male in the composition of the kit. See Attachment L.6. Recapitulation of small ruminants succession scheme.

The PASAM TAI team made another adjustment to this activity after observing that sheep fattening succession5 was not progressing on schedule. The exchange rate of the Nigerian Naira fluctuated and women were not able to sell the pair of sheep they received for fattening. They kept the animals well after they were ready for market, waiting for the price to increase, thus reducing their profit margin. Given this issue, in the April animal fair, no more sheep were offered for participants to buy. As the price of sheep improved around the September Eid celebration, many groups sold their sheep and switched from sheep fattening to Habbanaye, buying goats rather than a pair of sheep for the next member of the group waiting in succession.

Since the beginning of the small ruminant scheme in 2014, 4,946 women have benefited from 3,333 animals received through animal fairs and 1,613 animals received through succession. The transmission by succession reported is slower than planned. The PASAM TAI team identified one cause as under reporting from groups through field agents. An effort to update succession information is underway and should allow the team to better reflect the actual rate of succession. The succession process is important for the sustainability of the activity as it indicates which group is more likely to continue project activities after September 2018.

Similarly, with sustainability in mind the effort to support para-vets is paying off. A survey of the 73 para-vets trained by the project reports that on average, they earn 11,000 FCFA (US$18)

4 The concept of habbanaye “paying it forward” originated with the Fulani people who live across West Africa. In PASAM TAI Habbanaye involves loaning two adult female goats and one buck to a group member who will pass on the animals to the next member after the birth of kids.

5 For sheep fattening each woman receives 2 male sheep worth 60,000FCFA, after fattening, the sheep are sold for a profit and the 60,000FCFA handed over to the next member to buy her own pair. The funds revolve until all members are served.

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per month providing animal health services for a fee. This small income supplement while small is motivating to carry on their activity.

Intermediate Result 2.2: Households have adopted improved varieties of staple crops for consumption and income After three seasons of demonstrations of improved staple crop varieties (Sorghum, Millet, groundnuts, cowpea), the benefit and knowledge of these varieties is well accepted among PASAM TAI communities. An additional 64 plots of improved cowpea variety demonstrations were established this year with partner ICRISAT. In addition, ICRISAT trained farmers on seed production and 27 of them signed a seed production contract with Ferme Amate. See Attachment L.7. for a sample contract between Amate and a seed producer. This activity is detailed later in this report in the section “Success” and further in the Attachment as a success story.

Summary Agriculture Area Just as important as providing knowledge on new extension effort FY17 in Ha varieties, the project is also supporting a sustainable Participatory varietal 3.7 supply chain of quality seeds. The 42 seed agro-dealers selection, 64 sites, sold 5,382 Kg of seeds for 4,235,000FCFA (US$7,000). 58mX10m See attached in Attachment L.8. a sample contract Soil fertility demonstration, 6.0 between the seed sellers and Amate. 124 sites, 22m X 22m Champs Ecole Paysans, 36 9.0 sites 50m X 50 m (828 pax) While the amount of sales by agro-dealers might seem Total = Ha18.7 small, it is a positive indication that farmers are committed to investing their own resources in improved seeds without waiting for subsidies or gift of seeds by development actors.

Intermediate Result 2.3: Households have effectively managed responsible integrated crop production systems In collaboration with RISE partner REGIS ER, the PASAM TAI team implemented Conservation Farming (CF) extension. Considering the shrinking size of farms due to population pressure especially in the Kantche district, farmers value new yield increasing techniques. Results obtained using the combination of improved seeds, planting techniques in Zai or furrow, micro dosing of mineral fertilizers and organic fertilizer are spectacular when applied concurrently. 372 new local experts trained by project staff under REGIS ER guidance, leading groups of 8 to 10 famers in their community practiced CF on 2,146 Ha (target was 2,159). They received 10 Mts of improved seeds and 68.5 Mts of fertilizer from REGIS-ER. PASAM TAI provided 300 animal drawn rippers. 42 agro-dealers throughout the project area are now also stoking improved varieties seeds.

The PASAM TAI team found that the rippers were not widely used particularly in the Kantche district where plots are smaller in size. Only 831 Ha used the furrow technique with rippers compared to 1,315 Ha treated using the Zai method. Farmers state that it is difficult to handle oxen in small plots and that despite having oxen in the community, they are used to pull carts and are not trained to pull implements. Farmers also state that furrows can only be dug after the first rain for the soil to hold the mound shape, but there is little time for land preparation

Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, November 06, 2017 12 once the first rain falls. Instead Zai can be dug weeks in advance in the dry season. In retrospect, the team found that they should have tested the rippers on a small scale before promoting the technique widely. Tests should have been conducted early in the dry season to figure out ways to retrain the oxen in advance of the planting season.

Intermediate Result 2.4 Households have increased sources of revenue

According to the Annual Survey results in FY17, 92% of households (1,564 out of 1,690) confirmed that their income increased because of their participation in PASAM-TAI activities. This is a 47% improvement from the previous year. Of these 1,564 households which cited increased income, 1,009 respondents were women and 555 were men. Almost all men (98.8%) report revenue increase, probably due to the agricultural productivity efforts, namely, conservation agriculture, availability of improved seeds locally, market gardening and farmers’ field school demonstrations. Eight out of ten women (80%) also report revenue increase. Several activities contributed towards increasing source of revenue for women: Groundnut oil extraction by producer organizations (OPs), Inventory credit and linkage with MFIs for OPs, Savings through SILC groups, Mill operators’ training and preparation of business plans for OPs.

Members of OPs participated in agricultural fairs in Maradi and Niamey. In collaboration with REGIS AG, 15 OPs also attended small ruminants’ fairs in Maradi and Zinder.

Producers Organizations are growing their capacity demonstrated by their ability to secure Poster produced by PASAM TAI to alert formal warrantage6 (inventory credit) with MFIs in farmers on the danger of using DDVP for the Mayahi district and formal cooperative cowpea conservation and on vegetables agreements recognized by the municipalities. (Attachment L.9. includes a sample warrantage contract and attachment L.10. a sample agreement of a OP by a municipality). The latter agreement is an important step in getting access to formal credit through MFIs.

Four project field agents participated in the REGIS- AG training of trainers on the promotion techniques of PICS sacs. The use of PICS sacs is essential for OPs engaging in inventory credit (warrantage) with MFIs. It is a requirement of the MFIs that cowpea be stored in PICS sacs for the OPs to be eligible for warrantage credit. Traditionally, farmers have mixed the banned DDVP pesticide with cowpea for conservation in

6 Pionnered in Niger by FAO, warrantage, or inventory credit system, replicate a system used by European farmers in the 19th century. Under the warrantage system farmers, rather than selling their harvest at once, can use it as collateral to obtain credit from a bank.

Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, November 06, 2017 13 standard bags. DDVP imported illegally from Nigeria is widely available in the project area’s markets. PASAM TAI produced a poster alerting farmers on the danger of the using DDVP and incorporated this information in all contacts and training with farmers’ groups.

Now in their second year of operation, OPs who received heavy equipment for the extraction of groundnut oil have shown their continuous discipline in producing quality oil and to pursue formal marketing channels in the urban Margin of 9 OPs for oil extraction activity centers, through well-established shops. The Groundnut transformed in tia* 2,829 women’s groups are slowly generating their Oil produced in liter 2,250 capital of raw material from in-kind Mill produced in tia* 943 contributions of members and the collective Production costs FCFA 1,189,500 cultivation of a group field. The PASAM TAI Income generated by oil sales FCFA 4,073,205 Net margin in FCFA 2,883,705 project intentionally provided equipment but Net margin in US$ $4,806 no startup capital for raw materials to test the determination of members to mobilize *The “tia” is a local measure of volume approximately 2.5Kg around the activity. Up until now groups are for shelled groundnut keeping the proceeds from sales to grow the

group’s stocks. Members divide among themselves the mill by product (tourteau) that they each take home for home consumption or to be sold. A positive benefit of the activity that was grossly under estimated by the team is the appreciation by the women of the time saved. Traditionally, women produce oil at home using artisanal methods (grinding stone, mortar). They can spend up to two full days of hard manual work to process five tias (12.5Kg) of groundnut. The proximity of the grinding mill and oil extractor allows members as well as nonmembers of the group to obtain more oil of a much higher quality, in less than an hour for a small fee of less than US$1. Nine of the eleven groups have started to keep rigorous records and are progressing slowly towards autonomy and profitability. A summary of their accounts is presented in the text box above. Training on financial literacy, group management and oil production continue for all groups. The value chain officer started to raise group members’ awareness about the risk of aflatoxin contamination in the supply of raw material.

Since the beginning of the program 2,475 SILC groups were created with 59,920 members, 505 are in their first cycle while 1892 completed at least one cycle and continued their activity. 78 groups did not continue past the first cycle. For the 505 active groups in their first cycle, the accumulate savings is US$107,690 corresponding on average to US$213 saving per group and $8.5 per member. While in the first cycles the amount saved by each member seems small, it is a needed learning period for members to gain financial literacy. Overtime SILC group members gain confidence and group leaders are now accepting roles of leadership on village wide committees. Globally for all groups 53,773,120FCFA ($92,282) is currently given out on credit and 13,370,457FCFA (US$22,945) is mobilized as social funds. The rate of participation and retention remains very high at 98%.

The 108 PSP SILC organized in two union/cooperative, one per district have obtained an agreement from local authorities and operate as a regulation mechanism of their members. PSPs supervise on average 23 SILC groups and a survey of all PSP found that they earn on

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average 12,000FCFA per month (US$20) See Attachment L.11. for details of their earnings. 20 more apprentices should be certified in the coming months. The trust placed by the groups in PSP and the motivation created by the small income they earn, position PSPs at the center of the sustainability of the activity after the end of the project.

Strategic Objective 3 (SO3): 643 Targeted communities have improved integrated disaster risk management Intermediate Result 3.1: 643 Community-based early warning systems function as an integral part of the national Early Warning System (EWS) mechanism The early onset of the rainy season was characteristic throughout the project area where most villages started planting on the third week of May. Despite few pockets experiencing dry spells, overall, the season followed the pattern announced by the regional meteorological service (PRESASS).

A large advocacy effort with local authorities was supported by the governors’ office of Zinder and Maradi who delegated their secretary generals to facilitate meetings assembling 50 participants at each district location, including Prefects, the 12 mayors and 12 first counselors of the municipalities covered by PASAM TAI as well as regional and district level officers. The purpose of these regional meetings was to educate and clarify with municipalities their responsibilities to implement the national strategy regarding disaster preparedness and to ensure that they allocate sufficient resources. The municipal offices for disaster preparedness - OSV- remain for the most part inactive except in the municipality of Kanabakache (Mayahi department) and Kourni (Kantche department) where the mayors are invested in the mission of that office. They have allocated resources and have assigned the municipal secretary general the role of overseeing village level committees of Systeme Communautaire d’Alerte Precoce et Reponse aux Urgences (SCAP-RU). Attachment 12 and 13 illustrate how village committees are supposed to collect data and transmit information to the municipal office. PASAM TAI assisted with the printing of data collection sheets and blank report forms that were distributed to all committees. While relatively simple, the tools remain difficult to handle by SCAP-RU members who are in the great majority illiterate.

Similarly, a five-day training was given in June to the 12 municipal General Secretary (4 women) and members of the regional committee on crisis prevention to improve their capacity to process and analyze reports received from village level SCAP-RU. The mayors’ offices all received computers from UNICEF but staff lacked basic computer skills. After the training they were able to create, populate and analyze a simple database allowing them to capture numerous reports received from village committees. Attachment 15 shows the format of the monthly report required for submission to the regional committee. It is a simple compilation of information received from different villages that all municipalities should be able to compile

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after the training. Participants were extremely positive in their evaluation, acknowledging this practical form of capacity building of the municipal office staff.

Intermediate Result 3.2: 643 Targeted communities have managed disaster responses SCAP-RU are becoming more familiar with the reporting format and more committees transmit their monthly report to the municipal office. While the municipal level is starting to improve in the consolidation of information and their own reporting to the regional committee, they have not started to provide feedback to village committees. The lack of feedback discouraged the village level committees. The training of municipal staff included discussions on the need to communicate both ways to keep committee members motivated. SCAP-RU members took an active part in the WFP supported food distribution responding to price hikes in the department of Mayahi.

During the food distribution which took place in August and September in the Mayahi district, members of SCAP-RU were involved in all phases of the operation from conducting the survey to contributing to identifying beneficiaries to the distribution itself.

In September, the project team organized four sessions with 243 community leaders (40 women) on conflict prevention. Participants included respected community opinion leaders: chefs de canton, district general secretaries, mayors, village chiefs, religious leaders, VDC presidents and presidents of women OPs. The facilitation team included members of the Maradi Muslim-Christian committee. The two-day sessions included discussions on the movie Timbuctu, highlighting conflicts between pastoralists and farmers and the danger of radicalization, as well as the movie Hotel Rwanda, which generated discussions about reconciliation. The session plan is found in attachment L.17.

Cross-cutting Gender Objective 1: Women and men expand gender roles to enhance sustainable results

Cross-cutting Intermediate Result 1.1: Target communities have improved gender equity During the first half of FY17 the PASAM TAI team proceeded with the renewal of VDCs. This was an opportunity three years after their creation to replace absent or deceased members and members who were inactive. Women’s participation increased considerably, VDCs members now include 34% women who are in the three leadership roles of president, secretary or treasurer. In most communities, women who started playing leadership roles in small groups as Care Group lead mother, president of SILC group or OP are now accepting to step in and take positions on village level committees. Having gained confidence through project activities, access to literacy courses and various training opportunities, women leaders are much more vocal and active.

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Cross-cutting Intermediate Result 2.1: Women and men have increased basic literacy and numeracy skills PASAM TAI supported literacy training in 200 centers, including 60 reserved specifically for adolescent girls. Of the 7,693 participants (234 men) who registered, 7,053 were tested upon completion of the cycle. Adolescent girls showed a success rate of 30% (declared literate), a lower rate than the 43% for the entire cohort. Success is not generally achieved in the first training cycle. Because it was the first year that adolescent girls attended literacy training, the success rate was lower for them than for the entire cohort with adults. Most girls will participate in next cycles until they reach higher literacy level.

In addition, communities started 38 self-managed literacy centers where PASAM TAI provided only technical assistance and supervision of the community trainer. The community in these self-managed centers paid the trainer and all learning supplies.

Men Women Total Total % Nbr. % Nbr. % Total Total Registered 234 3% 7,693 97% 7,927 -- Tested upon completion 193 82% 6,860 87% 7,053 86% Declared literate/Success rate 117 61% 2,891 42% 3,008 43% Remained @ beginner level 32 17% 1,410 21% 1,442 20%

Cross-cutting Intermediate Result 3.1: Governance of Adolescent girls’ literacy training targeted communities and national structures strengthened. Girls registered 2,743 In pairs, field agents visited all villages to proceed with the Girls tested 2,427 renewal of VDCs under the supervision of the team leader Attendance rate 88% and GoN district officers from the ministry of planning and Declared literate at end 731 community development. The midterm evaluation of 1st cycle recommended that an emphasis be put on improving the Success rate 30% functionality of VDCs. After renewing the committee, field agents held 128 sessions with 4,181 VDCs members (1,422 women) on associative life and on their role and responsibilities. On average, 6 members of each VDC attended these sessions.

A VDC training module was developed with a team of GoN district and regional officers, to standardize VDC statutes and mode of operation. The training module is found in attachment L.15. Field agents conducted 72 community level meetings to familiarize community members with rules governing VDCs, 6,829 people attended these sessions. As a result of the standardization and adherence to GoN requirements, a number of VDCs have started to

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receive proper registration from municipalities. See a sample of municipality agreement for VDC in attachment L.17. As formal agreement is granted the project team will proceed with formal installation of VDCs by local officials.

An additional 64 training sessions were offered to 1,701 VDC members (588 women) serving on the evaluation sub committees. Topics covered the project cycle and project monitoring and reporting. All VDCs are expected to develop and update annually their action plan to be monitored by this sub-committee. Most VDCs have active and updated action plans that are shared with the community.

The overall effort to renew and provide refresher training to VDC members has re-energized the VDC structure. Members feel trusted by the community and local officials and are taking their responsibility seriously. The VDC is starting to be seen as the development coordinating body in the village and is empowered to deal with development actors to address the development concerns of the community.

2) Direct Participating Households Receiving Multiple Interventions by Sector (Strategic Objective/Purpose SO/P) To calculate the number of unique household we listed all individuals who participated in project activities. The individual code of each participants is composed of 16 characters of which the first thirteen represent the household code. Using the “left” command on excel we omitted the last three characters identifying each person. Eliminating duplicate household numbers left we obtained the number of unique households for each strategic objective.

A B C D E F G H Total unique direct SO2 & SO3 SO1 & SO1, 2 participating SO1 only SO1 & SO2 SO2 only SO3 only SO3 & 3 households 23,269 13,466 25,016 2,837 1,463 660 3,471

Total Unique

Households 70,182 =(B+C+D+E+F+G+H)

The unique household table shows that SO1 and SO2 are quite well integrated at 53%. However, SO1 and SO2 at 6.2% and 5.8% respectively are not well integrated with SO3.

3) Challenges, Successes, and Lessons Learned Challenges Community leadership: PASAM TAI relies primarily on community volunteers to implement project activities in the villages. However, difficulties arose in finding enough reliable community members with the skills and motivation to commit for the long term. The project area is also

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characterized by a long tradition of seasonal migration and very low literacy rates especially among women. These two factors combined exacerbate the challenge to find, enroll, train and maintain enough leaders willing to take charge of all project activities. Due to this, the project provides at times a symbolic financial incentive to certain volunteers. For example, health promoters receive an incentive of 5,000FCFA per month ($8.3) on the basis that because they are covering more than their own village, they will incur transport costs. This is in line with MoH guidance on relais communautaire developed in February 2017. Community leaders also cite non-financial incentives such as training received, material to implement the project activities, social status gained and the recognition of their contribution by the community as further motivation for them. An effort is made by GoN authorities to define and harmonize financial incentives for all volunteer actors across the different sectors, but a lot remains to be done until a real nationwide policy is put in place and enforced.7 Amounts paid by other development organization continue to undermine the spirit of volunteerism in the communities. At the local level, the PASAM TAI team has been proactively coordinating with other development actors in the project area by linking community volunteers at the start of project activities with the relevant local GoN technical service, to ensure technical follow up and continuity after the end of the project.

Despite the challenge faced in finding and maintaining community volunteers, in the five years of project implementation in 643 villages, PASAM TAI has trained and worked with several thousands of volunteers. This represents a considerable investment in developing human capital in these rural communities. Illiterate lead mothers who joined care groups in 2013 are now elected on Village Development Committees. They have gained some literacy and numeracy skills through their participation in literacy training and sharpened their business skills through their membership in a SILC group. Even with rudimentary formal literacy skills, many of these community members are able to assume leadership roles and are taking on more responsibilities. It is hoped that even after episodes of migration, those who leave will get back in leadership roles upon their return. In the meantime, the private service provider (PSP) approach ensures service delivery by a trained community member for a fee has proved to be extremely successful in addressing the complexity of community members’ long-term engagement. In the PASAM TAI area, PSPs are now earning some off-farm income by providing services to help other community members form and manage SILC groups, deliver basic animal health care, build latrine slabs, repair handpumps, build fuel efficient cookstoves or run literacy classes.

Low capacity of local GoN technical services and municipalities: By design, all project activities are implemented by and with the relevant GoN technical services personnel. Nine of the

7 Guide d’orientation et de référence sur le relais communautaire de développement au Niger. Agence Nigérienne de Volontariat pour le Développement. Février 2017

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district GoN agency offices are regular contributors to PASAM TAI activities (ministries of planning, water and sanitation, health, agriculture and livestock, rural infrastructure, environment, population and education). Fortunately, over the past five years of project implementation there has been a very low turnover of mayors and GoN officials at the prefect (district commissioner) and district technical director level. Thus, these leaders know and well understand the project approach and methodologies. The PASAM TAI team is thus blessed with a very strong support from local authorities. The challenge is that these leaders have extremely limited means available to carry out their mandate. While it is expected that GoN personnel and especially municipal councils will continue working with communities to support and guide on going activities, the lack of resources available to them will considerably limit their effectiveness to carry on. During the last year of implementation, emphasis was placed on linking project trained community volunteers and community structures with officials from GoN. Village Development Committees (VDCs), Producer Organizations, SCAP-RU and SILC groups are consequently obtaining formal status agreements registered with their municipalities. VDCs are being officially established by the governor or prefect through formal installation ceremonies. These are important steps to support these communities in the future but the quality of the support given will depend on the ability of GoN structures to carry out their mandate.

Integrating gender across all sectors: As originally designed in 2012, the PASAM TAI project framework listed a cross cutting objective for gender integration, “women and men expand gender roles to enhance sustainable results”. Gender integration activities were the primary responsibility of the gender officer. However, sector team leaders in nutrition, WASH, agriculture and resilience did not take early ownership of the gender agenda within their activities. The participation of women alone, was not a sufficient measure of progress. Overtime, it became clear to project leaders that they were responsible for the gender agenda in their respective sectors. For example, it was not enough to enroll women as lead mothers, but men needed to know about the 1000 days approach and take responsibilities in supporting their spouses in attending pre- and post-natal care or in providing support for good nutrition. In addition, women groups needed formal documentation to secure land use to apply the agriculture techniques taught on rehabilitated degraded land or in market garden plots. Gradually, awareness grew among the project team through training and evaluations.

The SMART couple approach piloted in 2016 marked a significant shift in how project staff and community members alike perceive gender relations. Strengthening couples’ relations is having far reaching benefits on the community. Traditional chiefs are reporting that they now see a clear decline in the number of spouse disputes they have to arbitrate because issues first surface and are discussed in the SMART couple support groups. The curriculum introduced in adolescent girls’ literacy training will have long term effects in the community as important issues affecting young women are now discussed in the open. The curriculum is inspired from

Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, November 06, 2017 20 the work of other organizations in the Hausa context including UNICEF, UNFPA and RISE partner Mercy Corps Safe Space approach. Complementing awareness about gender sensitive programming in project activities, CRS conducted in September 2017 an internal audit among staff to assess internally gender sensitivity in its business processes.

Successes Engaging the private sector for seed production: The convergence of interest of a private sector operator, researchers and development project staff created the basis for a very productive and promising relationship. PASAM TAI partner ICRISAT trained 16 project staff and 33 farmers in seed production. At the same time, Ferme Amate, a Maradi based seeds production company was contacted to supply the project with improved seeds. Amate was interested not only in distributing to the project seeds they produced on their irrigated farm, but they were looking also to expand their network of on-farm seed production. Working with a group of trained innovative farmers supervised by a solid project extension system was an opportunity that Amate identified immediately. Amate asked the project team to identify reliable farmers in the community. They contracted directly 27 farmers for seed production. Amate provided all the inputs (treated improved seeds, fertilizer and planting protocol), and the farmers committed through a formal contract to reimburse Amate in kind after the harvest. A compelling success story is attached to this report to illustrate the impact on farmer Elhadji Moussa Garba’s household following the connection made with Amate through PASAM TAI. Garba reports having earn over 667,000FCA ($1,112) executing one contract for Amate. The relationship that this group of farmers have forged with this private sector company is going to be sustained long after the end of PASAM TAI.

Building the capacity of a municipality to fulfill their role in community water systems management GoN texts exists to regulate management of public water services but local officials are often unaware of responsibilities attached to their municipal authority. At the request of the mayor, the PASAM TAI WASH team with the district ministry of water official embarked on educating on public water services management the municipal team and village leaders in the Kourni municipality. The mayor explained that what prompted his effort to federate water point management was that when he took office in 2011 out of 17 water pumps, only 4 were functioning. The water point management committees (CGPE) had difficulties with tension among members, loss of funds and a general lack of confidence from the community, the village level management of water points had clearly reached its limit. The mayor invested municipal resources to appoint a WASH agent to coordinate activities. To address this situation, the mayor, the PASAM TAI WASH team and district officials visited each village and organized a large meeting of all presidents of CVDs, CGPE, and village chiefs to propose a commonly pooled fund of water usage fees managed transparently by the mayor’s office. Each CGPE signed a formal agreement with the mayor’s office endorsed by the district water officer and a PASAM TAI staff.

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The effect of this new management system was felt very rapidly in the communities. Faulty pumps are now repaired within 48 hours by the trained artisan with parts sourced promptly by the mayor’s office from the pooled fund. As long as villages are regularly contributing the water usage fees they collect, their pump is repaired even if their contribution is insufficient to cover the cost of repair at the time of breakdown. Due to the obvious improvements this has brought, more villages are joining. Even committees managing water points not built or repaired by PASAM TAI have also joined the municipal scheme This effort will continue even after the project ends. More details on this initiative are available in Attachment E.5. Case Study of Municipal Water Point Management and the related success story in Attachment B.

Using Private Service Providers to supplement project activity delivery: As described above relying extensively on community volunteers has its limits. The PASAM TAI team was faced with a management challenge as SILC groups became increasingly popular in the project area. The team alone could not handle the demands of supporting the 2,475 groups created (2,000 was the target) and the project could also not support adding more staff to face the demands of serving 59,920 SILC group members. Building on CRS’s successful past experience in East Africa and on other projects with Private Service Providers (PSP), the team identified and trained 128 PSPs who are acting as SILC specialists in their communities. They supported the creation and management of SILC groups in place of PASAM TAI agents for a small fee collected from the groups. After a long process of in-service training shadowing a PASAM TAI agent or experienced PSP, apprentices are certified before being allowed to operate independently. At the request of community groups, they assist in the creation of SILC groups, explain rules and advise on steps to follow for an effective saving mechanism. Once the group starts saving, the PSP keeps the books as most group members are illiterate. In return, the group pays for this service through a portion of the amount saved (usually 10% of the savings). PSPs are able to generate sufficient income to keep them motivated to oversee more groups. They report earning on average 15,000FCFA per month ($25). Efficient PSPs are in high demand, on average PSPs set up and supervise up to 23 SILC groups.

The SILC PSPs were organized in associations by geographic zones. These associations are registered with their municipalities and exercise quality control on the work of their members.

The PSP approach of service delivery for a fee by a trained community member is also applied for water pump repair by artisans, animal health management by para-vets and the training of literacy trainers and latrine masons. . Community’s willingness to pay for a service is a good indication that the activity is valued and will be sustained over time.

Lessons Learned Operating at scale in 643 villages: PASAM TAI is successfully operating at scale with total coverage of almost all villages in the 12 municipalities targeted. This approach is very effective as it allows significant economies of scale and bring costs down with a cost per beneficiary of

Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, November 06, 2017 22

$13.07. A combination of factors allowed for this approach to succeed and are worth considering in future projects:

• Field agents are precisely -field based- and live in one of the villages in their zone. They are not allowed to commute from the nearest urban center or more developed village but are expected to live within one of the communities they serve. Each agent is equipped with an iPad and motorcycle and can conduct activities independently and report information about activities in real time. • Operations support from the Maradi sub office and two field bases in Mayahi and Matameye provide solid logistical back up with strong and clear agency wide business processes on all aspects of management: procurement, finance, human resources, commodity. • Team leaders and project technical specialists are present in the field and support field agents through close monitoring visits and regular trainings in their field of expertise. Team leaders also take turn attending monthly field agents meeting in each cluster. • The project scope earned the respect of local authorities and local GoN officials who invested themselves in its success The task of serving 482,563 participants spread over 643 villages presents significant challenges, however, with professional attention these challenges can be kept under control. Preliminary results of the final quantitative evaluation conducted by EVELYN shows that PASAM TAI was able to reach on a large scale, a similar level of success on key indicators as projects consuming just as much resources but serving fewer communities. This model therefore deserves to be replicated.

Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, November 06, 2017 23

4) Attachments Attachment B: Success Stories Attachment C. Indicator Performance Tracking Table (IPTT) Attachment D. IPTT/Data Source Descriptions Attachment E. Baseline/Evaluation, Assessments and Study Reports E.1. Report of nutrition mass screening in the district of Mayahi (Maradi region) July 2017 Dr. Zakou YAHAYA/CRS and data base E.2. Market garden study E.3. Case study municipal management of water point in Kourni municipality E. 4 Annual Survey and Annual Survey data base Attachment F. Technical Sectors Survey completed via google doc Attachment G. Unique and Direct Participants Attachment H. ARR Program Area/Element Information Attachment I. Monetization and Cost Recovery Data – NOT APPLICABLE Attachment J. Standardized Annual Performance Questionnaire (SAPQ) Attachment K. Actuals Table - NOT APPLICABLE Other Attachments L. L.1. Commodity distribution table in FY17(FFP-MIS attachment H) L.2. Agreement water point management committee with municipality L.3. Recapitulation water user fees collected L.4. Sample water point bio-chemical analysis L.5. Recapitulation Market gardening activity/group composition/ infrastructures L.6. Recapitulation Small ruminants scheme succession L.7. Contract between Amate and Seed Producer L.8. Contract between Seed Seller and Amate L.9. Inventory credit contract -Warrantage L.10. Agreement between OP and municipality L.11. Recapitulation of PSP SILC earnings L.12. Data collection sheet SCAP-RU L.13. Monthly report SCAP-RU L.14. Meeting minutes OSV L.15. Training module VDC booklet L.16. Training session social cohesion L.17. Agreement VDC-Municipality

Catholic Relief Services FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, November 06, 2017 24

Private seed company lifts resilience of small scale farmer in Niger Since 2012, CRS has implemented the project PASAM TAI (Programme d’Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaire des Ménages – Tanadin Abincin Iyali) aimed at improving food insecurity and malnutrition among rural households in Maradi and Zinder in Niger with funding from USAID Food for Peace. Elhadji Moussa, a seed multiplier in the village of Tsaouni recounts how through the

Elhadji Moussa proudly showing off soon to PASAM-TAI project, he has received up-to-date be harvested peanuts. Photo: CRS staff training on crop production and access to improved seed varieties and inputs. The project team introduced him to a local industrial scale seed producer and CRS partner, Ferme Semencière Amate. This linkage has remarkably improved his harvest and livelihood. Elhadji Moussa’s story Elhadji Moussa (67 years) is a seed producer from the village of Tsaouni in the Zinder region of Niger. He usually cultivated millet and cowpea on his farm, however, due to the low-quality of seed varieties available or attacks from pests, he continually harvested low yields. This discouraging situation almost drove him to abandon the cultivation of these crops. “I am always open to whatever new knowledge or technology is brought my way. I test it for myself to see what it will bring forth.” In 2016, through the work of the PASAM-TAI agriculture field agent in his village, he was registered as a participant in a seed fair and received a new variety of improved seeds. He started with the 600g of improved millet seeds allocated to each participant at the seed fair. After planting on his farm, to his amazement he harvested 92 kilos of millet grains from that alone. This utterly shocked him because using the same amount of his previous millet seed variety, he could only harvest about 25 kilos of grain. The distinct quality of the improved seeds and the fair that was organized to make this available to them convinced him of the truth behind PASAM-TAI’s activities in his village. Rekindling his interest in farming, he decided to be more involved in the project’s activities. “For the past 20 years of farming, I have never seen a harvest as large as I gained in last year.” Through PASAM -TAI’s partner ICRISAT, Elhadjh and 37 other selected motivated farmers received training on techniques for peanut, millet and cowpea seed production, and on bio-pest control. Following this training, the project put him in touch with seed company Amate, with whom he signed a contract, receiving 55 kilos of improved peanut grains worth 150,000 FCF

CRS Development Food Aid Program in Niger - Annual Report, ARR FY17 PASAM TAI CRS No. AID-FFP-A-12-00005 Attachment B. Success story Private sector operator lifts resilience of small scale farmer in Niger 1

(US$250), and 33,000 FCF (US$55) worth of fertilizer, fungicides and pesticides. Elhadji agreed to pay back the seeds and fertilizer in kind through grains harvested. Using these inputs received, he sowed one hectare of peanut seeds and harvested 1,950 kilos of shelled peanuts at the end of the season. He was so impressed about the quality of these improved seeds as he had never experienced such a harvest. He reimbursed Amate by giving them 451 kilos of peanuts, more than the amount required (448), to show his gratitude. With his remaining harvest, after saving some for consumption, he sold the remaining peanuts at 3000 FCF per 2.5 kilos to gain a profit of 673,000 FCF (US$1,121). He also profited from selling 300 bags of peanut leaves as animal fodder for an additional 450,000 FCF (US$750). In total, he gained about 1,123,000 FCF ((US$1,871) from that year’s harvest alone. With this large profit, he bought 2 cows, built a house for his children, bought food and other necessities for his family and re-invested in his farm. “For the past 15 years, I have never had this much disposable income.” Given this established connection with the seed company, he can now, on his own, go directly to AMATE to receive improved seeds and other farming inputs. This relationship, formed between this farmer and this local private sector entrepreneur ensures the continuous supply of improved seeds and inputs, even after the end of the project. In 2017, Elhadji Moussa has renewed his contract with AMATE. He has increased the scale of his seed production operation to two hectares of peanut seeds and one hectare of cowpea and is awaiting even greater results. The rains were good, the harvest is very promising.

CRS Development Food Aid Program in Niger - Annual Report, ARR FY17 PASAM TAI CRS No. AID-FFP-A-12-00005 Attachment B. Success story Private sector operator lifts resilience of small scale farmer in Niger 2

Paraveterinarian identifies outbreak of plague and saves community’s herd Habou Harou “I would like to thank the PASAM TAI program for making me a paravet, an activity that will enable me to earn resources to support my family and help my community to improve the health of animals.” Two years ago, Habou Harou (47 years) was earning 500 CFA a week as a tailor in the village of Banama, when one day a PASAM-TAI Field Agent visited seeking candidates to train as para- veterinarians. Curious about the opportunity and wanting to seek an occupation where he could receive proper training, he decided to apply. Habou passed the pre-requisite certification test through the Ministry of Livestock and then attended a 9-day training in Matameye, where he learned how to identify diseases, apply vaccinations and prophylactics, and developed his knowledge of veterinary products. After successfully completing this training, Habou Harou returned to Banama, where he took charge of all PASAM-TAI livestock activities in his village, starting his new career. He continued to receive regular refresher trainings. As part of his new business, Habou buys items such as deworming pills and vitamins from the official veterinarian pharmacy at the ministry of livestock in Matameye at 250 and 750 CFA respectively, and sells them in Banama for 450 and 1,000 CFA, making a reasonable profit while providing vital medicines and services to the villagers of Banama. In 2016, Habou’s training allowed him to accurate identify the onset of a plague outbreak (the government requires to declare this disease to authorities) which had started to break out in Banama and the surrounding area which occurred when animals from another region passed through. Aware of the potentially serious affect that this would have on the villagers and their animals, Habou contacted the Ministry of Livestock, which promptly came to Banama to confirm the situation and sent a veterinary officer to help Habou vaccinate the village’s animals. Through PASAM-TAI, Habou Harou now has been able to complement his income in a small way, where he has a weekly income of 2,000 CFA (US$3.5) and provides a crucial service to his community, treating 10 to 12 animals per week across 6 villages in the area. He is proud to provide additional cash for his family budget while supporting his community, and teaching others about best practices for animal health.

CRS Development Food Aid Program in Niger - Annual Report, ARR FY17 PASAM TAI CRS No. AID-FFP-A-12-00005 Attachment B. Efficient, participatory and sustainable water point management system in Niger 1

Serving the community in supporting savings groups for a small fee as Private Service Provider “PASAM-TAI does not give, it enables people to achieve better lives” Souley Habou (45 years), lives in Saboua Dounia in the rural municipality of Dan Barto in the district of Kantche Niger. Before the arrival of the PASAM-TAI program, Souley had a small business as a blacksmith in his community, but struggled to provide for his family. One day, a PASAM-TAI field agent came to his village, seeking candidates to become Savings and Internal Lending Community (SILC) agents in the area, with the criteria that they had completed primary school and were considered an honest person in their community. Encouraged by his father, Souley Habou applied to be a SILC agent and scored the highest marks on the agent application test. After passing the test, Souley went before the community and they agreed for him to become their SILC private service provider (PSP). Now in his 3rd year as a SILC PSP, Souley has trained 43 women groups across 8 villages, totaling approximately 1,000 women, on vital financial literacy skills and best practices on how to invest their money. Some of these successes have included a SILC group member using her savings to build a new home. Other groups have started small business in their communities, buying a machine to grind millet, or equipment to extract groundnut oil. Souley has taken great pride in creating awareness of and promoting CRS’ SILC approach for community savings groups, becoming a leader and helping women achieve better lives for their families. All the while, he has been able to make a better life for his family. Since becoming a SILC PSP for PASAM-TAI, Souley Habou has been able to increase his monthly income two-fold from when he was only a blacksmith in Dan Barto, earning 20,000 CFA per month (US$33). However, this increase in income is not what matters most for Souley; he is most proud of the changes he has seen in communities, and the increased incomes these SILC group members have made to create better lives for their families.

CRS Development Food Aid Program in Niger - Annual Report, ARR FY17 PASAM TAI CRS No. AID-FFP-A-12-00005 Attachment B. Efficient, participatory and sustainable water point management system in Niger 1

Efficient, participatory and sustainable water point management system in Niger Since 2012, CRS with funding from USAID Food for peace has implemented in Niger, the project PASAM TAI (Programme d’Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaiire des Ménages – Tanadin Abincin Iyali) aimed at improving food insecurity and malnutrition among rural households located in Maradi and Zinder in Niger. Maman Ousmane, mayor of the rural commune of Kourni in the region of Zinder tells how he led the Maman Sani Ousmane Maire de la transformation of the existing dysfunctional water Commune Rurale de Kourni. management system to an efficient, participatory and Photo : Ali Timi / CRS more sustainable one. Mayor Ousmane’s story When Mamam Sani Ousmane took office as the mayor of Kourni in July 2011, he noticed that the existing water point management system needed a complete transformation. Out of the 15 water hand pumps installed in the villages in the municipality, only 4 of them were in working order. Most of the water management committees who were in place to ensure the maintenance of water points and the availability of water to the villages were either not truly in existence or had abandoned their duties. The few management committees that did exist were faced with problems of dissension among members, loss or misuse of water user fees funds collected, and a general loss of the confidence in them by the community. “I felt strongly that something needed to be done about this situation, as the continuous availability of clean, potable water within the community is essential to the life and livelihood of my constituents.” Mayor Ousmane called a general meeting of village heads, members of the non-functioning water management committees and the city council, to deliberate on the root cause of the issue and together arrive at a solution. At this gathering, it was revealed the main issue was the mismanagement of water user fees collected by the committees, which resulted in a lack of available funds for repairs and maintenance. This was also linked to an existing issue of nepotism where the village chiefs usually appointed their family members as the heads of the water point management committees. This relationship with the chief made it difficult for the community to hold them accountable for their actions. There was a clear need for a more transparent and inclusive water management mechanism that would generate community ownership. The proposition to adopt a municipal water point management system using pooled funds collected monthly from water user fees in the different villages came from the mayor himself. After discussions, the members present at the assembly agreed to adopt this new system with the four functioning water pumps. Within three months of implementing this system, three broken down water pumps had been repaired with the funds raised. After seven months of implementation all fifteen water pumps were fully functional.

CRS Development Food Aid Program in Niger - Annual Report, ARR FY17 PASAM TAI CRS No. AID-FFP-A-12-00005 Attachment B. Efficient, participatory and sustainable water point management system in Niger 1 In 2016, the number of water points in the municipality had increased to 24, with 18 of them being water hand pumps. The mayor saw the need to officially launch the municipal water management system across all the 24 water points. He approached the PASAM-TAI WASH team with this idea. The team liked the approach and committed to support its further reinforcement and implementation throughout all 24 water points. The PASAM-TAI WASH team, together with the municipal water and sanitation director mobilized the different village leaders, municipal teams and management committees to sensitize them on the proper utilization and maintenance of water points and to integrate them into the communal water management system. At this assembly, the remaining village water points decided to join the system. An agreement was then signed between the mayor’s office and the presidents of the 24 water points. The new system is now fully under way across all the water points in the commune. Community leaders ensure that the water points are clean and well kept. Representatives ensure that water fees are collected and sent monthly to the mayor’s office, which is then deposited at the local bank under the municipal’s water and sanitation account once the amount surpasses 100,000 FCF (US$166). As of April 2017, the account had amassed 972,622 FCF (US$1,621) to be used promptly for the future repair and maintenance of water points. All 18 water pumps are now fully functional with faulty pumps repaired within 48 hours by the contracted trained artisan with parts funded by the pooled resources. The beauty of this system of federation of funds is that as long as a village frequently contributes their water user fees, their pump will be repaired regardless of whether their contribution is enough to cover the cost. The success of this water point management system has spread throughout the municipality and its good reputation ensured that even other villages and water points out of the PASAM-TAI project area are demanding to be included in the system. Thanks to this proactive initiative put in place by the Mayor of Kourni, community members can count on uninterrupted availability of clean and portable water, at the same time taking pride in knowing that their individual water user fees contribution are being rolled back to support the whole village.

CRS Development Food Aid Program in Niger - Annual Report, ARR FY17 PASAM TAI CRS No. AID-FFP-A-12-00005 Attachment B. Efficient, participatory and sustainable water point management system in Niger 2 Niger CRS-DFAP Performance Monitoring Plan Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated)

Program Goal: Food Security and malnutrition in rural households in the Maradi and Zinder Regions of Niger reduced.

Analysis: Using SPSS for data Anthropometric survey: processing and analysis Method: Direct height/length 1.0.1 Prevalence of underweight Population based survey in Title II measurement of children aged 0-59 For Baseline and final survey: Percentage of children aged 0–59 months with weight for age below < −2 Z-Score. The numerator Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger (WAZ <−2) children 0-59 months (Not targeted project areas months using height scales and recorded Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant for this indicator is the number of children 0–59 months with WAZ < −2.The denominator is the Department Baseline, Mid-Term and Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term in cms to one decimal place evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE number of children 0–59 months in the survey Final Evaluation reports & final survey) (Impact) Target Unit: Children 0-59 months Instrument: Questionnaire/Module D; M&E department Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH interview of mother or caretaker of managers children under five years of age

Anthropometric survey Analysis: Using SPSS for data Method: Direct height/length processing and analysis Strategic Objective 1.0.2 Prevalence of stunted (HAZ <−2) Population based survey in Title II measurement of children aged 0-59 For Baseline and final survey: Level of estimation (sample domain): Percentage of children aged 0–59 months with height for age below < −2 Z-Score. The numerator FFP & USAID/Niger 1: HH (especially children 0-59 months (Not targeted project areas months using height scales and recorded Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant Department for this indicator is the number of children 0–59 months with HAZ < −2. The denominator is the Baseline, Mid-Term and pregnant and Cumulative)(FFP Baseline, Mid-Term in cms to one decimal place evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE number of children 0–59 months in the survey Final Evaluation reports lactating women and & final survey) (Impact) Target Unit: Children 0-59 months Instrument: Questionnaire/Module D; M&E department Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH children U5) have interview of mother or caretaker of managers reduced chronic children under five years of age. malnutrition

Anthropometric survey Analysis: Using SPSS for data Method: Direct height/length processing and analysis 1.0.3 Prevalence of underweight Percentage of non-pregnant women of reproductive age (15–49 years) who are underweight, as Population based survey in Title II measurement of children aged 15-49 For Baseline and final survey: (BMI<18.5 kg/m2) women of defined by a body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2. The numerator for this indicator is the number targeted project areas years using height and weight FFP & USAID/Niger Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant Level of estimation (sample domain): reproductive age (15-49 years)(Not of non-pregnant women 15–49 years with a BMI < 18.5 measurements were taken for women Baseline, Mid-Term and evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE Department Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term kg/m2. The denominator for this indicator is the number of non-pregnant women 15–49 years in the Target Unit: Women 15-49 years of ages 15-49 who were not pregnant and Final Evaluation reports M&E department & final survey) (Impact) survey. age recorded in cms & kgs to one decimal Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH place managers Instrument: Questionnaire/Module E.

Analysis: Using SPSS for data processing and analysis 2.0.1. Prevalence of households with Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of person responsible For Baseline and final survey: Percentage of households in each category of the HFIAS Household Food Insecurity Access Scale: FFP & USAID/Niger moderate or severe hunger (Not targeted project areas for food preparation in a household in Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant Level of estimation (sample domain): (9 question indicator index) Baseline, Mid-Term and Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term past week evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE Department Final Evaluation reports Strategic Objective & final survey) (Impact) Target Unit: Household Instrument: Questionnaire/Module C. M&E department 2: 73,700 Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH Vulnerable managers households have increased the Average number of food groups out of 12 eaten in 24 hours preceding the survey by household Analysis: Using SPSS for data production and members, in all sample households. The approach for collecting information on dietary diversity is a processing and analysis consumption of food qualitative 24-hour recall of all the foods and drinks consumed by the respondent and/or any other 2.0.2 Average Household Dietary Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of person responsible For Baseline and final survey: for nutrition and household member. FFP & USAID/Niger Diversity Score (Not Cumulative)(FFP targeted project areas for food preparation in a household in Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant income Level of estimation (sample domain): Baseline, Mid-Term and Baseline, Mid-Term & final past week evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE The response should include the food groups consumed by household members in the home or Department Final Evaluation reports survey)(Impact) Target Unit: Household Instrument: Questionnaire/Module C. M&E department prepared in the home for consumption by household members outside the home (e.g., at lunchtime in the fields). As a general rule, foods consumed outside the home that were not prepared in the Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH home should not be included. managers

3.0.1. Number of communities that Strategic Objective CBO Functionality Index with belong to operating SCAP/RUs 3: 532 Target additional section to specify # of Operating criteria are: 1.regular # of communities implementing risk-reducing practices/actions to improve resilience to shocks (All communities have communities that belong to SCAP- Using cloud-based SQL database for FFP & USAID/Niger meetings 2. record keeping 3. 4 operating criteria must be met: 1.regular meetings 2. record keeping 3. transparent decision Method: CRS M&E Dept use index to improved integrated RUs Quarterly Project Coordinators ease of uploading from data collection Baseline, Annual and transparent decision making and 4. making evidenced by decisions made in general assemblies and 4. financial management and evaluate SCAP-RU disaster risk devices Final Evaluation reports financial management and accountability) as a result of USG assistance management Quarterly field agent monitoring accountability (Cumulative)(CRS reports Annual) (Impact)

Cross Cutting Strategic Objective: Gender roles expanded to enhance sustainable results

Analysis: Using SPSS for data Percentage of children 0–5 months of age, who were exclusively breastfed during the day preceding processing and analysis Population based survey in Title II 1.1.1. Prevalence of exclusive the survey. Exclusive breastfeeding means that the infant received breast milk (including milk targeted project areas For Baseline and final survey: breastfeeding of children under 6 expressed or from a wet nurse) and might have received oral rehydration solution (ORS), vitamins, Method: Interview of mothers of Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant months of age (Not Cumulative) (FFP minerals, and/or medicines, but did not receive any other food or liquid. children < 24 months Department Baseline and Final Target Unit: Children aged 0-5 evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) The numerator for this indicator is the total number of children 0–5 months of age who were Instrument: Questionnaire/Module D Evaluation reports months M&E department (Outcome) exclusively breastfed in the day preceding the survey. The denominator is the total number of Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH children 0–5 months in the survey. managers

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 1

Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated)

Percentage of children 6–23 months of age who receive a minimum acceptable diet, apart from breast milk. The MAD indicator measures both the minimum feeding frequency and minimum dietary diversity, as appropriate for various age groups. If a child meets the minimum feeding Analysis: Using SPSS for data frequency and minimum dietary diversity for his or her age group and breastfeeding status, then the processing and analysis Population based survey in Title II child is considered to be receiving a minimum acceptable diet. 1.1.2. Prevalence of children 6-23 targeted project areas For Baseline and final survey: Calculation: This composite indicator will be calculated from the following two fractions : Method: Interview of mothers of Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger months receiving a minimum acceptable Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant 1) Total # of breast-fed children 6-23 months of age who had at least the minimum dietary diversity children < 24 months. Department Baseline and Final diet (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Target Unit: Children aged 6-23 evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE and the minimum meal frequency during the previous day / Total # of breast-fed children 6-23 Instrument: Questionnaire/Module D. Evaluation reports Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) months M&E department months surveyed and 2)Total # Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH of Non-breastfed children 6-23 months of age who received at least two milk feedings and had at managers least the minimum dietary diversity not including milk feeds and the minimum meal frequency during the previous day / Total # of Non-breastfed children 6-23 months of age in the survey.

Analysis: Using SPSS for data Average number of food groups consumed (out of the nine food groups: 1-Grains, roots, and tuber; 2- processing and analysis 1.1.3. Women’s Dietary Diversity Score Legumes and nuts; 3-Dairy products (milk, yogurt, or cheese); 4-Organ meat; 5-Eggs; 6-Flesh foods Population based survey in Title II For Baseline and final survey: (WDDS): Mean number of food groups and other misc. small animal protein; 7-Vitamin A-rich dark green leafy vegetables; 8-Other Method: Interview of women (one) 15- Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger targeted project areas Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant consumed by women of reproductive vitamin A-rich vegetables and fruits; 9-Other fruits and vegetables) across all women of 49 years of age Department Baseline, Mid-Term and evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE age (15–49 years)(FFP Standard) (Not reproductive age in the sample with data on dietary diversity. The approach for collecting Instrument: Questionnaire/Module E. Final Evaluation reports Target Unit: Women 15-49 years M&E department Cumulative)(Outcome) information on dietary diversity is a qualitative 24-hour recall of all the foods and drinks consumed Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and partners Intermediate Result by the respondent (women of reproductive age). program managers 1.1: HH (especially Analysis: Using SPSS for data pregnant and processing and analysis 1.1.4. Percentage of women who Suitable iron-rich (Organ meat, Flesh meat, Fish and seafood) or iron-fortified foods include flesh lactating women and consume haem-iron rich food foods, cowpeas, sesame, green leafy vegetables (such as okra), soja, sorghum, moringa and bio- children U5) have Sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger groups during the last 24 hours fortified (with iron) millet or commercially fortified foods that contain iron, or foods fortified in the Annually beginning the year adopted appropriate communities among PASAM-TAI participants CRS NE M&E department Department Annual + Baseline and home with a micronutrient powder containing iron or a lipid-based nutrient supplement containing after the baseline health, hygiene and (Cumulative)(CRS annual) participants Instrument: Questionnaire Final Evaluation reports iron or commercially fortified foods that contain iron, or foods fortified in the home with a nutrition behaviors (Outcome) Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH micronutrient powder containing iron or a lipid-based nutrient supplement containing iron. managers

Reasons for accessing health services include: 1) Women of reproductive age: (a) Antenatal care, (b) Delivery, (c) Postnatal care, (d) pregnant women receive a micronutrient supplementation (iron and folic acid), (e) the MCUs receive 1,000 messages daily, including the prevention of key childhood diseases, (f) Receiving treatment for diseases, (g) Receiving further nutritional assessments (Body Mass Index), (h) Receiving advice Analysis: Using SPSS for data 1.1.5. Percentage of households (health timing/birth spacing; STDs or something else), (i) Receiving ready to use therapeutic foods processing and analysis surveyed who can give at least 2 (RUTF), (J) Receiving long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). reasons why access to health services is Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of male or female For Baseline and final survey: 2) Children betwen 0-5 years: (a) Neonatal care, (b) Receiving vitamin A supplements, (c) Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger important for children under 5 and for targeted project areas responsibles adults in each household Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant Receiving complete course of vaccination, before their first birthday, (d) Receiving treatment for Department Baseline and Final women of child bearing age including Instrument: Questionnaire/Module I.2 evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE diseases, (e) Receiving further nutritional assessments (Body Mass Index), (f) Receiving advice Evaluation reports adolescent girls (Not Cumulative) (CRS Target Unit: Household (Country-specific indicators) M&E department (weight, size, growth, after being screened at Community level by the mid-upper arm circumference Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH Baseline, Mid-Term and final survey) (MUAC), (g) Receiving ready to use therapeutic foods (RUTF), (h) Receiving long-lasting managers (Output) insecticidal nets (LLINs).

Numerator: households which at least one responsible adult ansering 2 or more responses (specific reasons) for each group why it's important to access health services for adolescent girls, mother- child units or children under 5 / Denominator :Total number of households surveyed.

Number of children under five years of age reached during the reporting year by the program through growth and monitoring promotion activities implemented by the Care Groups. 1.1.6. Number of children under five Only new children 0-59 months enrolled in community based growth monitoring and promotion Activity records/GMP monitoring Simple counting of number of children Using cloud-based SQL database for reached by USG-supported nutrition (GMP) are counted. Women are not included. form + Synthesized GMP Activities reached by Community-based GMP Quarterly Nutrition Supervisors and CG ease of uploading from data collection Montly programs (Not Cumulative) (FFP Community based GMP include nutritional status monitoring, food distribution, SBCC package for + Nutrition field agent reports activities. devices Annual Required) (Output) health, nutrition on 1,000 day approach and hygiene behaviors, infant and young child feeding (breastfeeding promotion, culinary demonstrations) via home visits and small group discussions.

It is expected that villages will mark 1 year of ODF attainment beginning the 3rd year (30); Y4 (30); Y5 (30); Total w 1 yr ODF status = 55 Communities triggered: Y1 (55); Y2 (250); Y3 (250); Y4 (250); Y5 (100); Total triggered: 905 Communities attaining ODF: Y1 (0); Y2 (8); Y3 (30); Y4 Community Focus Groups, 1.2.1. Percentage of ODF certified (30); Y5 (30) Total attaining ODF=98 Community Maps & visit to Assessments made by WASH Site visit checklist, CLTS monitoring villages that maintain their status 1 year Checking w JPD: Target for 1.1.5.2 is based on a target of 116 communities who are eligible to community sites using site visit WASH Supervisor & M&E FFP & USAID/NE Supervisor CRS/Niger, MoH, Quarterly form + Synthesized CLTS Activities + after certification (Not Cumulative) have receieved ODF certification and maintained it for 1 year before the project ends. (=40% of 50 checklist Team CRS Niger Annual results report Community members WASH field agent monthly reports (CRS Annual) (Outcome) villages in the 1st year = 20 villages, 40% of 120 villages in 2nd and 3rd year = 48 + 48 villages = 116 Open Defecation Free means there are no signs of open air defecation for 1 year after certification in a given community. Analysis: Using SPSS for data 1.2.2. Percentage of targeted children Calculation: Number of targeted children surveyed whose caregiver reported their consumption of processing and analysis who consume locally fortified locally fortified complimentary foods (e.g. Misola) on a regular basis/ Total number of targeted Sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI complementary foods (eg. Misola) at Annually beginning the year FFP & USAID/NE children whose caregivers were surveyed. communities among PASAM-TAI participants CRS NE M&E department Level of estimation (sample domain): least four times in the last month after Misola is introduced Annual results report Regular basis: at least twice per week. Targeted children refers to children (6-23 months) who are participants Instrument: Questionnaire Department (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) no longer eligible to consume Title II foods. (Outcome) Use: USAID CRS/Niger and MoH

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 2

Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated)

Analysis: Using SPSS for data Whether at a facility or community-based, optimally the ANC should be provided by skilled health 1.2.3. Percent of births in the last 24 processing and analysis professionals. The number of live births is used as proxy for the numbers of women who attended Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of eligible women For Baseline and final survey: months receiving at least 4 antenatal ANC sessions. targeted project areas (Children 0-24 months) Baseline, Mid-Term and final External Consultant FFP & USAID/NE care (ANC) visits during pregnancy Level of estimation (sample domain): Numerator: Number of women ages 15 to 49 with live births who affirm they have receive ANC Instrument: Questionnaire/Module I.1 evaluation For Mid-Term survey: CRS NE Annual results report (CRS Baseline, Mid-Term & final Department four or more times during most recent pregnancy (last 24 months) Target Unit: Children 0-24 months (ANC). M&E department survey) (Outcome) Denominator: Total number of children 0-24 months Use: USAID CRS/Niger and MoH Analysis: Using SPSS for data # of targeted children in surveyed HHs suffering from acute malnutrition that received a home visit processing and analysis by a community health worker or lead mother / Total # of targeted children in households surveyed 1.2.4 Percentage of targeted children who are suffering from acute malnutrition A list of targeted children will be generated from a suffering from acute malnutrition who Sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI Level of estimation (sample domain): compiled list of referral slips; CRS field agents or M&E staff would be compiling these lists at the Annually beginning the year Health agent and CRS NE M&E FFP & USAID/NE received a home visit by a community communities among PASAM-TAI participants Department end of every month. CHWs would give a referral slip to the child and keep a record of who the after the baseline department Annual results report health worker or lead mother participants Instrument: Questionnaire CHW sent to the health center, then once the child reaches the health centre the nurse/doctor would (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH stamp or write on the referral slip what treatment the child received (this will help the CHWs to managers correctly follow-up during home visits).

Health centers are the first point of contact with patients for care and prevention (800 nation wide).Targeted practices include the 11 nutrition and hygiene actions: (a) optimal nutrition for women; (b) adequate intake of iron and folic acid and prevention and control of anemia for women and children; (c) adequate intake of iodine by all members of the household; (d) optimal Analysis: Using SPSS 1.2.5. Percentage of targeted breastfeeding during the first six months; (e) optimal complementary feeding starting at 6 months women/men receiving 1000 Days with continued breastfeeding to 2 years of age and beyond; (f) optimal nutritional care of sick and Women/Men screened for having Level of estimation (sample domain): Approach messages during their severely malnourished children; (g) Prevention of vitamin A deficiency in women and children. received information with his Interview with men exiting Integrated Annually beginning the year Field agents & M&E Team Department FFP & USAID/NE consultation at the health center and can Hygiene practices: (h) Hand washing with soap or ash at critical times; (i) Safe excreta disposal eligible partner on the 1000 days Health Centers after the baseline CRS Niger Annual results report cite at least 2 components/actions with particular attention to young children and infants; (j) Safeguarding drinking water quality: components/actions Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and partners pertaining to the 1,000-day approach maintaining drinking water quality from source to point of use (POU) and improving water quality program managers (Cumulative)(CRS Annual) (Outcome) at HH level POU; (k) Safe food management (hygienic food storage, hygienic preparation and safe management of leftover, effects of consuming molding food with mycotoxins).

Numerator: Interviewer (women/men) witch can cite 3 of the 11 nutrition and hygiene actions Denominator: Total number of targeted women/men surveyed

1.2.6. Percent of children under 5 years Population based survey in Title II Population based survey: old with diarrhea treated with Oral Method: Interview of population in Oral Rehydration Therapy includes both ORT packets and homemade solutions that follow targeted project areas Baseline and final evaluation Determined by FFP & Rehydration Therapy (ORT) (Not project area External Consultant TBD by consultant nationally promoted criteria. Survey among beneficiaries External Consultant Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term Instrument: Questionnaire Target Unit: Women 15-49 years annually & final survey) (Outcome)

Using cloud-based SQL database for 1.2.7. Number of pump repairers Training attendance sheets + Simple counting of number of pump # pump repairers trained At each training WASH TL/Supervisors ease of uploading from data collection Monthly trained (CRS Output) (Annual) Training reports repairers who have completed training devices

Persons are counted as “gaining access” to an improved drinking water Intermediate Result source if two conditions are met. 1.2: 14,500 One, if the source is either newly established or rehabilitated from a nonfunctional Mother-child units state within the reporting fiscal year as a result of USG have accessed assistance, and these persons did not previously have similar “access” to an quality community 1.2.8. Number of people gaining access improved drinking water source prior to the establishment or Upon completion of construction or and facility-based to an improved drinking water source rehabilitation of the USG-supported improved source. rehabilitation of an improved water health, WASH and (Not Cumulative) (FFP Aannual RiA) And two, if the “time to collect” water from this source, i.e. the time it takes source nutrition services (Output) going to the water source from their dwelling, waiting, collecting water and returning home, does not exceed 30 minutes. Given this definition, the number of people considered to have “gained access” to an improved source will be limited by the physical distance to the source from beneficiaries’ dwellings, the amount of time typically spent queuing at the source, and the production capacity of the source.

Number of participants (health professionals, primary health care workers, community health workers, volunteers, mothers/caregivers, policy-makers, researchers, and other non-health 1.2.9. Number of people trained in child Training attendance sheets + Simple counting of number of people personnel) in child health care and child nutrition training provided through USG-supported Using cloud-based SQL database for health and nutrition through USG- Training reports. Activity-level, who have completed training in child Nutrition TL/Nutrition programs during the reporting year. At each training ease of uploading from data collection Monthly supported programs (Not Cumulative) direct beneficiaries; only those and nutrition through activity Supervisors ** For this indicator, count the training attendance numbers without distinguishing whether the devices (FFP Annual Required) (Output) trained through USG activities records/program data same person received multiple trainings. Counting individuals multiple times is acceptable for this indicator.

1.2.10. Number of primary school School monitoring form + Attendance will be assessed for specific Using cloud-based SQL database for students trained in improved water, Teachers in targeted schools, Monthly from field # of students trained in a practical way on improved water sanitation and hygeine practices Synthesized School Activities + hygeine and sanitation sessions Monthly ease of uploading from data collection sanitation and hygiene practices (CRS WASH Field agents agent WASH field agent monthly reports documented by teachers. devices Annual) (Output) Analysis: Using SPSS for data 1.2.11. Number of schools with Number of schools with improved sanitary facilities. Improved: (a) flush toilet, (b) piped sewer processing and analysis improved sanitary facilities system, (c) septic tank, (d) pit latrine, (e) ventilated open pit latrine, (f) pit latrine with a slab, (g) Simple counting of number of schools Annually beginning the year WASH Field agents & M&E Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/NE Targeted primary school (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) composting toilet. Unimproved: (a) Flush/pour to elsewhere, (b) pit latrine without slab, (c) bucket, with improved sanitary facilities. after the baseline Team CRS Niger Department Annual results report (IEE) (d) hanging toilet/latrine, (e) no facilities/ brush/ field). Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH managers

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 3

Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated)

Schools latrines will be built according to the following EGGSSAA standards: - An environmentally appropriate latrine siting would meet the essential criteria of being located at least 30m from potable water supply points - Downstream/downhill from an open water source - Not in a flood prone area 1.2.12. Number of school latrines built - At least 1.5m above the water table, taking into account seasonal fluctuations Using cloud-based SQL database for or rehabilitated according to EGSSAA Environmental Standards Checklist Documentation whether compliance is FFP & USAID/NE - A clear schedule in place for, or evidence of, maintenance to keep latrines in sanitary and Monthly when relevant Environmental Officer ease of uploading from data collection standards (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (see indicator definition) met for every latrine built Annual results report functional conditions; and devices (Output) (Green) (IEE) - Gender specific latrine blocks.

Rehabilitated latrines cannot be held to the same standards as the construction specifications cannot be changed once built, however these latrines will meet standards related to good maintenance and sanitary conditions and seperate blocks for boys and girls.

Number of health clinics will be constructed based on the following EGSSAA standards: - Health clinics practice sound disposal of hazardous medical waste via incineration or burial in an appropriately designed and sited waste pit 1.2.13. Number of health clinics - Building is not sited on an excessive slope without erosion controls nor in an area prone to Environmental Standards Environmental Officer will observe On-going, at all moments to Using cloud-based SQL database for established according to EGSSAA flooding Compliance Checklist (see indicator FFP & USAID/NE construction and Environmental verify as construction is Environmental Officer ease of uploading from data collection standards (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) - Building design standards incorporate climate appropriate designs features definition) + Official report of Annual results report Supervisor will certify when complete underway devices (Output) (IEE) - Sourcing of construction materials prioritizes locally available materials that are not extracted Receipt Infrastructure from sensitive areas (hillsides, protected forests, river banks or beds, etc.) - Potable water supply points and sanitation facilities are sited so as to minimize risks of water contamination and poor water quality (at least 30m apart, water points are not ....)

Visits to communities where CLTS activities are implemented. Qualitative approach to determining Communities are facilitated to conduct their own appraisal and analysis of OD and take their own open defecation free status. This 1.2.14. Number of communities action to become ODF (open defecation free). Rewards may be provided to may include: visiting former open certified as “open defecation free” Assessments made by WASH Using cloud-based SQL database for communities achieving 100% ODF status. The success of CLTS is tracked by counting the number defecation sites at dawn and dusk, WASH Supervisor & M&E FFP & USAID/NE (ODF) as a result of USG assistance Supervisor CRS/Niger, Communities Quarterly ease of uploading from data collection of villages that achieve ODF status. Open defecation free in this context refers to households in a determining whether open/hanging Team CRS Niger Annual results report (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual) members and MoH devices village having access to a sanitary facility. latrines are in use as well as paths to (Output) installed latrines, and observing existing community sanctions for infringements to open defecation free rules, etc.

Strategic Objective 2: 73,700 Vulnerable households have increased the production and consumption of food for nutrition and income

Analysis: Using SPSS for data # of varieites adopted among the varieties promoted in the program (moringa, pomme de sahel, 2.1.1. Number of micro-nutrient Sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI processing and analysis okra, hibiscus, tomato, cabbage, pumpkin, sweet potato, watermelon, Fe/Zn rich millet) Baseline, mid-term and final FFP & USAID/NE varieties adopted by farmers (FFP communities among PASAM-TAI participants M&E department Level of estimation (sample domain): Adoption can only be seen after the first year of evaluation (having purchased, planted and evaluation Annual results report Standard) (Outcome) (Cumulative) participants Instrument: Questionnaire Department evaluated) once the farmer decides whether to continue with this variety Use: USAID and CRS/Niger

Analysis: Using SPSS for data 2.1.2. Percent of targeted producers # of producers who implement at least 2 of 3 land recuperation techniques (zai, demi-lune and processing and analysis who continue to practice bio- trenches) and at least 1 kind of fruit tree and 1 kind of vegetable crop on the same community plot reclamation of degraded land (BDL) for Sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI the year after it is introduced / Total # of producers who received agricultural technical assistance Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/NE micro-dense food production one year communities among PASAM-TAI participants Year 4 & 5 M&E department (disaggregated by sex). Adoption can only be seen after Department Annual results report following training (FFP Standard) participants Instrument: Questionnaire the first year of evaluation (having used the same techniques in their own field) once the farmer (Outcome) (disaggregated by sex) decides whether to adopt the new practices Use: USAID and CRS/Niger (Cumulative)

Analysis: Using SPSS for data # of vegetable producers who adopt marketing techniques / Total # of vegetable producers who processing and analysis received technical assistance. (disaggregated by sex) Adoption of marketing techniques means 2.1.3. Percent of vegetable producers they have used 3 of the following value chain analysis techniques: 1) study their costs, 2) learn the Sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI adopt improved marketing techniques Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/NE different price levels they can sell at in different markets 3) know the different actors (buyers, communities among PASAM-TAI participants Year 4 & 5 M&E department (FFP Standard) (Outcome) Department Annual results report sellers, service providers), 4) apply negotiation skills. participants Instrument: Questionnaire (Cumulative) Adoption can only be seen after the first year of evaluation (having evaluated results from first year) Use: USAID and CRS/Niger once the farmer decides whether to continue with this technique

Training attendance sheets for Fpr information on participant trainings, paravets for all training days + field agents collect attendance info and # of beneficiaries trained in improved livestock management (disaggregated by sex) Training: 1) Consolidated Paravets Training Field agents & Supervisors Monthly report from 2.1.4. Number of beneficiaries trained write reports. Using cloud-based SQL database for improved quantity of feed, 2) water, 3) quality of feed, 4) use of veterinary services for possible Report After every training and supervisors in improved livestock management ease of uploading from data collection illnesses, 5) sell/slaughter at the appropriate time. Clarify if this includes paravets since there are monthly supervisor reports Technical services (for paravet FFP & USAID/NE disaggregated by sex (CRS) (Annual) For information on paravet training, devices different data collection tools for paravets + Training attendance sheets for trainings) Annual results report Extension Service collects attendance participants for all training days + infromation and writes training Reports Intermediate Result Consolidated Training Report

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 4 Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated)

2.1: 73,700 Households have increased and # of hectares irrigated through small scale irrigation infrastructure diversified the production of more 2.1.5. Number of Hectares restored No of Ha will be calculated at commnuity level and confirmed using GIS Tools. through small scale irrigation Quarterly report from nutritious foods for Infrastructure Monitoring form Using cloud-based SQL database for infrastructure as result of USG Memorandums of Understanding will involve the land owner, the COFO (Commission Fonciere), Field agents &Supervisors & supervisors consumption and (Wells) + Confirmation with GIS Local experts Field Agents Monthly Yrs 1 & 2 ease of uploading from data collection assistance (Disaggregated by existence and the village chief. The MOUs must specify how they will ensure gender equality, to reduce M&E Team CRS Niger FFP & USAID/NE income tools devices of MOU or not) (Cumulative) (CRS impacts on environmentally sensitive areas, to address land tenure issues and reduce conflicts Annual results report Output) (IEE) resulting from same. A mechanism for conflict resolution must be established through each MOU. MOUs signed by owner, village chief, COFO (Monthly reports are not cumulative. Results will be cumulated at the end of the year.)

The number of individuals to whom significant knowledge or skills have been imparted through interactions that are intentional, structured, and purposed for imparting knowledge or skills should be counted. This includes farmers, ranchers, fishers, and other primary sector producers who receive training in a variety of best practices in productivity, post-harvest management, linking to markets, etc. It also includes rural entrepreneurs, processors, managers and traders receiving training in application of new technologies, business management, linking to markets, etc, and 2.1.6. Number of individuals who have Training attendance sheets for training to extension specialists, researchers, policymakers and others who are engaged in the food, Monthly report from received USG-supported short-term participants for all training days + For information on participant trainings, Using cloud-based SQL database for feed and fiber system and natural resources and water management. In-country and off-shore After every training and Field agents, Supervisors and supervisors agricultural sector productivity or food Consolidated Training Report field agents collect attendance info and ease of uploading from data collection training are included. Include training on climate risk analysis, adaptation, mitigation, and monthly supervisor reports Technical services FFP & USAID/NE security training (Not Cumulative) (FFP write training reports. devices vulnerability assessments, as it relates to agriculture. Delivery mechanisms can include a variety of Annual results report Annual RiA) (Output) extension methods as well as technical assistance activities. Training should include food security, water resources management/IWRM, sustainable agriculture, and climate change resilience, but should not include nutrition-related trainings, which should be reported under indicator #3.1.9-1 instead. This indicator is to count individuals receiving training, for which the outcome, i.e. individuals applying new practices, should be reported under #4.5.2-5.

2.1.7. Number of improved micro- Local Experts will document the Individual Monitoring Form of Using cloud-based SQL database for nutrient varieties promoted by the Number of improved varieties promoted by the program (moringa, pomme de sahel, okra, hibiscus, varieties they have introduced in forms FFP & USAID/NE Promoted micro varieties Fiche des Seasonally Local Expert & Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection program (FFP Standard) (Input) tomato, cabbage, pumpkin, sweet potato, watermelon) that don't require high level of literacy Annual results report variétés introduites (par saison) devices (Cumulative) + Field Agent synthesizes

Analysis: Using SPSS for data 2.2.1. Percent of farmers that used at Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of population in processing and analysis least one improved variety of macro- Population based survey: Number of farmers who used at least one improved variety of macro-nutrient dense food during the targeted project areas & Annual PASAM-TAI implementation area Pop survey: External Consultant FFP & USAID/Niger nutrient dense foods in the most recent Baseline and final evaluation current season/ total number of farmers (disaggregated by sex) Varieties of niebe, arachide, sample survey in program (baseline & final) or participants For Annual beneficairy survey: Level of estimation (sample domain): Annual + Baseline and season (overall and disaggregated by Survey among beneficiaries sorghum, sesame, millet introduced by the project communities among PASAM-TAI (annually) CRS NE M&E department Department Final Evaluation reports sex) (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) annually participants Instrument: Questionnaire (Outcome) Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH # of varieties adopted are calculated by counting the total number of unique responses given by Local Experts will document the 2.2.2. Number of macro-nutrient farmers reagarding the improved macro-nutirient varieties they have adopted / Total # of Individual Monitoring Form of Using cloud-based SQL database for varieties they have introduced in forms FFP & USAID/NE varieties adopted by farmers (FFP households who received agricultural technical assistance Adoption can only be Promoted micro varieties Fiche des Seasonally Local Expert & Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection that don't require high level of literacy Annual results report Standard) (Outcome) (Cumulative) seen after the first year of evaluation (having purchased, planted and evaluated) once the farmer variétés introduites (par saison) devices + Field Agent synthesizes decides whether to continue with this variety

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 5 Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated) This indicator measures the total number of farmers, ranchers and other primary sector producers (food and non-food crops, agro-forestry, and natural resource-based products are included), individual processors (not firms), rural entrepreneurs, managers and traders, natural resource managers, etc. that applied new technologies anywhere within the food and fiber system as a result of USG assistance. This includes innovations in efficiency, value-addition, post-harvest management, sustainable land management, forest and water management, managerial practices, input supply delivery. Any technology that was first applied in a previous year and that continues to be applied should be included as "continuing". Technologies to be counted here are agriculture- related technologies and innovations including those that address climate change adaptation and mitigation (including, but not limited to, carbon sequestration, clean energy, and energy efficiency as related to agriculture). Relevant technologies include: • Mechanical and physical: New land preparation, harvesting, processing and product handling 2.2.3. Number of farmers and others technologies, including biodegradable packaging who have applied improved Any technology that was first applied in • Biological: New germ plasm (varieties, breeds, etc.) that could be higher-yielding or higher in Individual Monitoring Form of Using cloud-based SQL database for technologies or management practices a previous year and that continues to be FFP & USAID/NE nutritional content and/or more resilient to climate impacts; affordable food-based nutritional applied technologies or management Seasonally Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection as a result of USG assistance (Not applied should be included and Annual results report supplementation such as vitamin A-rich crops, or high-protein crops; soil management practices that practices promoted by the program devices Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) Counted. increase biotic activity and soil organic matter levels; and livestock health services and products (Outcome) such as vaccines; • Chemical: Fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides sustainably and environmentally applied, and soil amendments that increase fertilizeruse efficiencies; • Management and cultural practices: sustainable water management; practices; sustainable land Intermediate Result management practices; sustainable; information technology, improved/sustainable agricultural 2.2: 47,100 production and marketing practices, increased use of climate information for planning disaster risk Households have strategies in place, climate change mitigation and energy efficiency, and natural resource adopted improved management practices that increase productivity and/or resiliency to climate change. IPM, ISFM, varieties of staple and PHH as related to agriculture should all be included as improved technologies or management crops for practices. consumption and Significant improvements to existing technologies should be counted. In the case where, for income Totalexample number a farmer of private applies enterprises more than (processors, one innovation input as dealers, a result storageof USG and assistance transport they companies) are still producer associations, cooperatives, water users associations, fishing associations, women‘s groups, trade and business associations and community-based organizations (CBOs), including those focused on natural resource management, that applied new technologies or management practices in areas including management (financial, planning, human resources), member services, procurement, technical innovations (processing, storage), quality control, marketing, etc. as a result of USG assistance in this reporting year. Only count the entity once per reporting year, even if multiple technologies or management practices are applied. Any groups applying a technology that was first applied in a previous year and continues to be applied in the reporting year should be included under ―Continuing.‖ However, if they added a new technology or practice during the reporting year to the ones they continued to apply from previous year(s), they would be counted as 2.2.4. Number of private enterprises, ―New.‖ No organization should be counted under both New and Continuing. producers’ organizations, water users Application of a new technology or management practice by the enterprise, association, cooperative associations, women's groups, trade and Producers' organizations Monitoring Any technology that was first applied in or CBO is counted as one and not as applied by the number in their employees and/or membership. Using cloud-based SQL database for business associations, and community- Form of applied technologies or a previous year and that continues to be FFP & USAID/NE For example, when a farmer association incorporates new crops storage innovations as a part of Seasonally Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection based organizations (CBOs) that management practices promoted by applied should be included and Annual results report member services, the application is counted as one association and not multiplied by the number of devices applied new technologies or the program Counted. farmer-members. management practices as a result of Technologies to be counted here are agriculture-related technologies and innovations including USG assistance those that address climate change adaptation and mitigation (e.g. carbon sequestration, clean energy, and energy efficiency as related to agriculture). Relevant technologies include : • Mechanical and physical: New land preparation, harvesting, processing and product handling technologies, including biodegradable packaging • Biological: New germ plasm (varieties, breeds, etc.) that could be higher-yielding or higher in nutritional content and/or more resilient to climate impacts; affordable food-based nutritional supplementation such as vitamin A-rich crops or rice, or high-protein crops, or improved livestock breeds; soil management practices that increase biotic activity and soil organic matter levels; • Chemical: Fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides sustainably and environmentally applied, and soil amendments that increase fertilizeruse efficiencies; • Management and cultural practices: sustainable water management; practices; sustainable land 2.2.5 Number of improved macro- Local Experts will document the Monthly report from Individual Monitoring Form of Using cloud-based SQL database for nutrient varieties promoted by the Number of improved macro varieties promoted by the program : millet, sorghum, cowpea, peanut, varieties they have introduced in forms supervisors Promoted macro varieties Fiche des Seasonally Local Expert & Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection program (Cumulative)(CRS, Annual) sesame that don't require high level of literacy FFP & USAID/NE variétés introduites (par saison) devices (Input) + Field Agent synthesizes Annual results report

Farmes (including herdes and Fishers) are :1) men and women who have access to a plot land Analysis: Using SPSS for data (even if very small) over which the make decision about what will be grown, how it will be grown processing and analysis 2.3.1. Percentage of farmers who used and how to dispose of the harvest; and /or 2) men and women who have animals and /or Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of population in at least two [2] sustainable agriculture aquaculture products over which they have decision making power. Farmes produce food, feed and Population based survey: targeted project areas & Annual PASAM-TAI implementation area Pop survey: External Consultant Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger (crop/livestock and/or NRM) practices fiber, where *food* includes agronomics crops (crops grown in large scale such as grains), Baseline and final evaluation sample survey in program (baseline & final) or participants For Annual beneficairy survey: Department Annual + Baseline and and/or technologies in the past 12 horticulture crops (vegetable, fruit, nuts berries, and herbs) animals and aquaculture products, as Survey among beneficiaries communities among PASAM-TAI (annually) CRS NE M&E department Final Evaluation reports months (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) well as naturel products ( e.g. non-timber forest products, wild fisheries). These farmers may annually participants Instrument: Questionnaire Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH (Outcome) engage in processing and marketing of food, feed and fiber and may reside in settled communities, managers mobile pastoralist communities, or refugee/internally displaced person camps. See FFP Standard Indicator Handbook, p. 56 for additional detail and definitions.

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 6

Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated) This indicator measures the area (in hectares) of land cultivated using USG-promoted improved technology(ies) or management practice(s) during the current reporting year. Technologies to be counted here are agriculture-related, land-based technologies and innovations including those that address climate change adaptation and mitigation. The indicator does not count application of improved technologies in aquaculture ponds, even though area of ponds is measured in hectares for Gross Margins. Significant improvements to existing technologies should be counted. Examples of relevant technologies include: • Crop genetics: e.g., improved/certified seed that could be higher-yielding, higher in nutritional content (e.g., through biofortification, such as vitamin A-rich crops, or high protein crops) and/or Intermediate Result more resilient to climate impacts. 2.3: 19,600 • Pest management: e.g., Integrated Pest Management; appropriate application of insecticides and Households have pesticides managed 2.3.2. Number of hectares under • Disease management: e.g., appropriate application of fungicides Individual Monitoring Form of environmentally improved technologies or management • Soil-related fertility and conservation: e.g.,. Integrated Soil Fertility Management, soil Any hectares under technologies or Using cloud-based SQL database for hectares that applied technologies or FFP & USAID/NE responsible practices as a result of USG assistance management practices that increase biotic activity and soil organic matter levels, such as soil management practices should be Seasonally Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection management practices promoted by Annual results report integrated crop (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) amendments that increase fertilizer-use efficiency (e.g., soil organic matter); fertilizers, erosion included and Counted. devices the program production systems (Outcome) control • Irrigation: e.g., drip, surface, sprinkler irrigation; irrigation schemes • Water management: non-irrigation-based e.g., water harvesting • Climate mitigation or adaptation: e.g., conservation agriculture, carbon sequestration through low- or no-till practices no-till practices • Other: e.g., planting density and other cultural practices, improved mechanical and physical land preparation and harvesting approaches, If a beneficiary cultivates a plot of land more than once in the reporting year, the area should be counted each time it is cultivated with one or more improved technologies during the reporting year. For example, because of access to irrigation as a result of a FFP activity, a farmer can now cultivate a second crop during the dry season in addition to her/his regular crop during the rainy season. If the farmer applies Feed the Future promoted technologies to her/his plot during both the rainy season and the dry season the area of the plot would be counted twice under this indicator # of hectares rehabilitated through (Total + Disaggregation by type of technique (trenches, demi- 2.3.3. Number of hectares restored lunes, zai) BDL (Bio-reclamation of degraded land) # of hectares rehabilitated through soil Worker daily tracking sheet + FFW GIS Maps willl provide a visual Monthly report from through soil conservation as a result of conservation during the current reporting year. Soil conservation (zai, demi-lunes, banquettes) 1 Field staff compiling from program Bi-Weekly Summary Form (BDL, Daily + Summary every 2 method of analysis; Will use cloud- supervisors USG assistance (Total + Disaggregation hectare is measured by the existance of 6 banquettes, 313 demi-lunes, 10,000 zai. THis will be M&E system + Confirmation with GIS FFW supervisors & M&E Team pâturage) certifying hectares weeks based SQL database for ease of FFP & USAID/NE by type of technique (banquettes, demi- verified by local experts) Any technology that was first adopted in a previous reporting year should tools rehabilitated + GIS Maps uploading from data collection devices Annual results report lunes, zai) (CRS Output) (Annual) be marked as continuing. Any technology that was first adopted in a previous reporting year should be marked as continuing. GPS technology will be used to triangulate Ha figures.

Analysis: Using SPSS for data Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of population in processing and analysis Population based survey: 2.4.1. Percent of targeted households Number of households who reported an increase in sources of revenue (including new market, new targeted project areas & Annual PASAM-TAI implementation area Pop survey: External Consultant FFP & USAID/Niger Baseline and final evaluation report increased source of revenue buyer, new product (livestock)/variety, small enterprise, handicrafts) / Total number of household sample survey in program (baseline & final) or participants For Annual beneficairy survey: Level of estimation (sample domain): Annual + Baseline and Survey among beneficiaries (CRS, Annual) (Outcome) (beneficiaries), disaggregated by source communities among PASAM-TAI (annually) CRS NE M&E department Department Final Evaluation reports annually participants Instrument: Questionnaire Use: USAID CRS/Niger and MoH Farmes (including herdes and Fishers) are :1) men and women who have access to a plot land Analysis: Using SPSS for data (even if very small) over which the make decision about what will be grown, how it will be grown processing and analysis 2.4.2. Percentage of farmers who used and how to dispose of the harvest; and /or 2) men and women who have animals and /or Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of population in financial services (savings, agricultural aquaculture products over which they have decision making power. Farmes produce food, feed and Population based survey: targeted project areas & Annual PASAM-TAI implementation area Pop survey: External Consultant Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger credit, and/or agricultural insurance) in fiber, where *food* includes agronomics crops (crops grown in large scale such as grains), Baseline and final evaluation sample survey in program (baseline & final) or participants For Annual beneficairy survey: Department Annual + Baseline and the past 12 months (disaggregated by horticulture crops (vegetable, fruit, nuts berries, and herbs) animals and aquaculture products, as Survey among beneficiaries communities among PASAM-TAI (annually) CRS NE M&E department Final Evaluation reports sex) (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) well as naturel products ( e.g. non-timber forest products, wild fisheries). These farmers may annually participants Instrument: Questionnaire Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH (Outcome) engage in processing and marketing of food, feed and fiber and may reside in settled communities, managers mobile pastoralist communities, or refugee/internally displaced person camps. See FFP Standard Indicator Handbook, p. 56 for additional detail and definitions.

Farmes (including herdes and Fishers) are :1) men and women who have access to a plot land Analysis: Using SPSS for data (even if very small) over which the make decision about what will be grown, how it will be grown processing and analysis and how to dispose of the harvest; and /or 2) men and women who have animals and /or 2.4.3. Percentage of farmers who Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of population in aquaculture products over which they have decision making power. Farmes produce food, feed and Population based survey: practiced the value chain activities targeted project areas & Annual PASAM-TAI implementation area Pop survey: External Consultant Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger fiber, where *food* includes agronomics crops (crops grown in large scale such as grains), Baseline and final evaluation promoted by the project in the past 12 sample survey in program (baseline & final) or participants For Annual beneficairy survey: Department Annual + Baseline and horticulture crops (vegetable, fruit, nuts berries, and herbs) animals and aquaculture products, as Survey among beneficiaries months (overall and disaggregated by communities among PASAM-TAI (annually) CRS NE M&E department Final Evaluation reports well as naturel products ( e.g. non-timber forest products, wild fisheries). These farmers may annually sex) (Annual) (FFP Standard) (Output) participants Instrument: Questionnaire Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH engage in processing and marketing of food, feed and fiber and may reside in settled communities, managers mobile pastoralist communities, or refugee/internally displaced person camps. See FFP Standard Indicator Handbook, p. 56 for additional detail and definitions.

Farmes (including herdes and Fishers) are :1) men and women who have access to a plot land Analysis: Using SPSS for data (even if very small) over which the make decision about what will be grown, how it will be grown processing and analysis and how to dispose of the harvest; and /or 2) men and women who have animals and /or 2.4.4. Percentage of farmers who used Population based survey in Title II Method: Interview of population in aquaculture products over which they have decision making power. Farmes produce food, feed and Population based survey: improved storage practices in the past targeted project areas & Annual PASAM-TAI implementation area Pop survey: External Consultant Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger fiber, where *food* includes agronomics crops (crops grown in large scale such as grains), Baseline and final evaluation 12 months, (overall and disaggregated sample survey in program (baseline & final) or participants For Annual beneficairy survey: Department Annual + Baseline and horticulture crops (vegetable, fruit, nuts berries, and herbs) animals and aquaculture products, as Survey among beneficiaries by sex) (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) communities among PASAM-TAI (annually) CRS NE M&E department Final Evaluation reports well as naturel products ( e.g. non-timber forest products, wild fisheries). These farmers may annually (Outcome) participants Instrument: Questionnaire Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH engage in processing and marketing of food, feed and fiber and may reside in settled communities, managers mobile pastoralist communities, or refugee/internally displaced person camps. See FFP Standard Indicator Handbook, p. 56 for additional detail and definitions.

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 7

Performance Indicator Data Acquisition Analysis, Use & Reporting

Intermediate Method/Approach of Data Collection Indicators Sources of Information Responsible Person(s) & Team Method of Analysis and Data Use Reporting deadline Result/Output and Data Entry (if indicated)

The gross margin is the difference between the total value of small-holder production of the Intermediate Result agricultural product (crop) and the cost of producing that item, divided by the total number of units 2.4 50,000 in production (hectares of crops). Gross margin per hectare, is a measure of net income for that farm- FFP Monitoring System (FFPMS) will households have use activity. then use the formula below to increased sources of Gross margin is calculated from five data points, reported as totals across all Implementing automatically calculate the average revenue Mechanisms (IM) direct beneficiaries: commodity-specific Gross Margin, and 2.4.5. Gross margin per unit of land, 1. Total Production by direct beneficiaries during reporting period (TP) the average commodity-specific Gross animal, or cage of selected product 2. Total Value of Sales (USD) by direct beneficiaries during reporting period (VS) Annual Regular Monitoring in Margin for each sex disaggregate: Using cloud-based SQL database for FFP & USAID/NE (crops/animals selected vary by 3. Total Quantity (volume) of Sales by direct beneficiaries during reporting period (QS) program communities among Gross margin per ha = [(TP x VS/QS) – Seasonally Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection Annual results report program) (Not Cumulative) (FFP 4. Total Recurrent Cash Input Costs of direct beneficiaries during reporting period (IC) PASAM-TAI beneficiaries IC ] / UP devices Annual RiA) (Outcome) 5. Total Units of Production: Hectares planted (for crops) for direct beneficiaries during the Method: Monitoring of beneficiary in production period (UP) PASAM-TAI implementation area Disaggregated values for the five gross margin data points, disaggregated first by commodity, then (annually) by the sex disaggregate categories: male, female, joint and association-applied, as applicable. Instrument: Individual Monitoring Commodity-sex layered disaggregated data are required because the most meaningful interpretation Form and use of gross margin information is at the specific commodity level, including the comparison of gross margins received by female and male farmers.

This indicator will collect both volume (in metric tons) and value (in USD) of purchases from small- holder direct beneficiaries of targeted commodities for its calculation. This includes all sales by the small-holder direct beneficiaries of the targeted commodity(ies), not just farm-gate sales. Only count sales in the reporting year attributable to the FFP investment, i.e., where FFP assisted the Level of collection: Activity level; those individual farmer directly. Examples of FFP assistance include facilitating access to improved seeds affected by USG activity reach using a and other inputs and providing extension services, marketing assistance or other activities that census of all target beneficiaries. benefited small-holders. Sample survey-based approaches are The value of incremental sales indicates the value (in USD) of the total amount of targeted also acceptable. agricultural products sold by small-holder direct beneficiaries relative to a base year and is The value of incremental sales can be 2.4.6. Value of incremental sales calculated as the total value of sales of a product (crop) during the reporting year minus the total collected directly from a census or Annual Regular Monitoring in Using cloud-based SQL database for (collected at farm level) attributed to value of sales in the base year. sample of farmer beneficiaries, from FFP & USAID/NE program communities among Seasonally Field Agent ease of uploading from data collection USG implementation (Not Cumulative) The number of direct beneficiaries of Feed the Future activities often increases over time as the recorded sales data by farmer’s Annual results report PASAM-TAI beneficiaries devices (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) activity rolls out. Unless an activity has identified all prospective direct beneficiaries at the time the associations, from farm records. baseline is established, the baseline sales value will only include sales made by beneficiaries Annually reported identified when the baseline is established during the first year of implementation. The baseline Method: Monitoring of beneficiary in sales value will not include the “baseline” sales made prior to their involvement in the FFP activity PASAM-TAI implementation area by beneficiaries added in subsequent years. Thus the baseline sales value will underestimate total (annually) baseline sales of all beneficiaries, and consequently overestimate incremental sales for reporting Instrument: Individual Monitoring years when the beneficiary base has increased. To address this issue, Feed the Future requires Form reporting the number of direct beneficiaries along with baseline and reporting year sales so that baseline sales and reporting year sales data can be better interpreted, and actual incremental sales better estimated.

Analysis: Using SPSS 2.4.7. Number of farmers who # of farmers who participated in at least one postharvest value chain activities (sorting, cleaning, practiced the value chain activities packaging, drying, processing (if applicable) storage, marketing, etc.) for any of the 5 macro crops Annual sample survey in program Method: Interview of PASAM-TAI M&E unit: Community health Level of estimation (sample domain): FFP & USAID/Niger beneficiaries based survey promoted by the project in the past 12 promoted by the project (Sorghum, millet, cowpea, peanuts, sesame) in the most recent growing communities among PASAM-TAI participants agent and CRS NE M&E Department Annual + Baseline and among beneficiaries annually months (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual season/ Total number of beneficiary farmers in value chain training (overall and disaggregated by participants Instrument: Questionnaire department Final Evaluation reports Standard) (Output) sex) Use: USAID, CRS/Niger and MoH managers

CRS Niger PASAM TAI FY14 ARR 8 United States Agency for International Development Office of Food for Peace

FY16 PREP Attachment E ii a: Indicator Performance Tracking Table (IPTT) Applicant Name: Catholic Relief Services Host Country: Niger Name of Proposed Food Aid Program: PASAM-TAI Life of Award: July 1, 2012- June 30, 2017 Desired Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 LOA Comments & Remarks Indicator direction Baseline of change Target Achieved % Target Achieved % Target Achieved % Target Achieved % Target Achieved % Target Achieved % Target Achieved Program Goal: Food insecurity and malnutrition in rural households in the Maradi and Zinder regions of Niger reduced.

1.0.1. Prevalence of underweight (WAZ <−2) children 0-59 months (Not Cumulative)(FFP (-) 48.1% 41.1% 42.4% 97.0% 36.1% 43.4% 83.2% 36.1% Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact)

Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.0.1.a. Male (-) 50.1% 34.2% 41.0% 83.5% 30.1% 45.1% 66.7% 30.1% FFP Remark: Please correct the Y5 results to 45.1% according the endline results Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.0.1.b. Female (-) 46.1% 26.3% 43.4% 60.5% 23.1% 41.8% 55.2% 23.1% Please correct the Y5 results to 41.8% according the endline results 1.0.2 Prevalence of stunted (HAZ <−2) children 0-59 months (Not Cumulative)(FFP Baseline, (-) 59.5% 53.5% 52.1% 102.7% 49.5% 55.0% 90.0% 49.5% Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) 1.0.2.a. Male (-) 61.5% 44.2% 49.6% 89.2% 40.9% 57.9% 70.7% 40.9% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.0.2.b. Female (-) 57.5% 41.4% 51.6% 80.2% 38.3% 52.2% 73.3% 38.3% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.0.3. Prevalence of underweight (BMI<18.5kg/m2) women of reproductive age (-) 20.3% 14.3% 8.2% 174.4% 11.3% 21.3% 53.1% 11.3% (15-49 years) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact)

2.0.1. Prevalence of households with moderate or severe hunger (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, (-) 25.0% 20.0% 28.7% 69.7% 15.0% 21.2% 70.8% 15.0% Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) Indicator desagregat ion has 2.0.1.a. moderate hunger (-) 21.2% 16.5% 26.3% 63.0% 12.4% been 12.4% changed by the End line Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 Indicator Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.0.1.a. severe hunger (-) 3.8% 2.5% 2.4% 102.2% 11.6% desagregat 11.6% Updated 10/27/2015: 2.0.1.a. severe hunger : corrected target ion has from 15.46% to 2.5% 2.0.2. Average Household Dietary Diversity Score (Not Cumulative)(FFP Baseline, Mid-Term (+) 3.6 4.5 4.6 102.2% 5.0 4.6 92.0% 5.0 & final survey) (Impact) Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). 60% of 3.0.1. Number of communities that belong to villages targeted are expected to meet 4 criteria of functionality operating SCAP/RUs Operating criteria are: 1.regular meetings 2. record keeping 3. 619 619 (+) NA 0 - - 348 36 10.3% 503 232 46.1% 619 201 32.5% 59 15.3% 386 FFP Remark: Based on Y2-Y4 trends and Y5 achievement, transparent decision making and 4. financial 386 386 Y6 target seems too ambitious and need to be adjusted management and accountability realistically. (Cumulative)(CRS Annual) (Impact)

Strategic Objective 1: HH (especially pregnant and lactating women and children U5) have reduced chronic malnutrition. Intermediate Result 1.1: HH (especially pregnant and lactating women and children U5) have adopted appropriate health, hygiene and nutrition behaviors Outcomes 1.1.1. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding of children under 6 months of age (Not Cumulative) (+) 44.3% 50.0% 30.9% 61.7% 60.0% 38.9% 64.8% 60.0% (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) FFP Remark: According endline results, Y5 achievement is (Outcome) 38.9%.

1.1.1.a. Male (+) 44.1% 69.0% 28.9% 42.0% 74.0% 35.7% 48.3% 74.0% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.1.1.b. Female (+) 44.5% 69.6% 31.8% 45.7% 74.6% 42.7% 57.2% 74.6% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.1.2. Prevalence of children 6-23 months Impact receiving a minimum acceptable diet (Not indicator (+) 9.6% 12.0% 32.0% 16.6% 51.9% 32.0% Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final (HH based survey) (Outcome) survey) 1.1.2.a. Male (+) 10.2% 16.6% idem 27.3% 13.2% 48.4% 27.3% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.1.2.b. Female (+) 8.9% 14.5% idem 23.8% 19.8% 83.2% 23.8% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014

1.1.3. Women’s Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS): Mean number of food groups consumed by women of reproductive age (15–49 (+) 3.4 4.5 3.4 74.4% 5.0 4.2 84.0% 5.0 years) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid- Term & final survey) (Outcome) Waiting 1.1.4. Percentage of women who consume food for rich in iron (Cumulative) (FFPIB Standard (+) 0 20% 14.4% 72.0% 35% (+) 35% detailed Outcome) results Outputs

1.1.5. Percentage of households surveyed who can give at least 2 reasons why access to health services is important for children under 5 and for (+) 82.8% 85.8% 79.9% 93.1% 87.8% 89.8% 100% 111.4% 92.8% 83.6% 90.1% 92.8% women of child bearing age including adolescent girls (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output)

1.1.6. Number of children under five (0-59 This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the months) reached by nutrition-specific Washington M&E workshop. interventions through USG-supported nutrition (+) 0 66,173 39,585 59.8% 67,166 44,052 65.6% 68,173 67,234 98.6% 69,196 68,041 98.3% 71196 71,196 programs (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required) (Output) Sex

1.1.6.a. Male (+) 0 29,712 17,774 59.8% 30,157 19,779 65.6% 30,610 27,930 91.2% 31,069 30,550 98.3% 31,967 31,967 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.1.7.b. Female (+) 0 36,461 21,811 59.8% 37,008 24,273 65.6% 37,563 39,304 104.6% 38,127 37,491 98.3% 39,229 39,229 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0 0 Intervention Type Number of children under five whose Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 parents/caretakers received BCC interventions (+) 0 0 56,165 48,531 86.4% 71,196 71,196 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 for essential IYCF behaviors Received vitamin A supplementation in the past 6 Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) 0 0 0 - 0 0 months according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Received zinc supplementation during episode of Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) 0 0 0 - 0 0 diarrhea according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Received Multiple Micronutrient Powder (MNP) Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) 0 0 0 - 0 0 supplementation according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) Admitted for treatment for SAM 0 0 0 - 0 0 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) Admitted for treatment of MAM 0 0 0 - 0 0 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Received direct food assistance of Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) 0 0 13,031 20,865 160.1% 0 0 fortified/specalized food products according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Disaggregation by Intervention Type addeld on 12/08/2016 (+) 0% Disaggregates Not Available 0 67,234 0 - 0 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Intermediate Result 1.2: 14,500 Mother-child units have accessed quality community and facility-based health, WASH and nutrition services Outcomes 1.2.1. Percentage of ODF certified villages that Communities certified are not up to one year old. This will be maintain their status 1 year after certification (+) 0% 40.0% - 0.0% 45.0% 36.2% 80.5% 48.0% 49% 101.6% 50.0% 49% 98.2% 75.0% 75.0% evaluated In April -May 2015 (Not Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) Updated 9/25/2014: Misola changed to GRET 1.2.2. Percentage of targeted children who Over achievement registered is most likely due to mis consume locally fortified complementary foods interpretation of question in annual survey. The error originated (eg. Misola GRET Flour) at least four times in the (+) 0% 5% 17.1% 341.7% 43.1% 862.0% 10.0% 10.0% 5% in the translation of the question in Hausa. The question will be last month (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) re-tested before the FY17 annual survey . (Outcome)

1.2.3. Percent of births in the last 24 months receiving at least 4 antenatal care (ANC) visits (+) 47.9% 61% 56.4% 92.5% 71.0% 62.1% 87.5% 71% during pregnancy (Not Cumulative) (CRS Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome)

This question was not asked clearly in the FY16 annual survey. 1.2.4 Percentage of targeted children suffering As a result mothers under-reported incidence of home visits and from acute malnutrition who received a home 80% 80% 80% contact with lead mothers in case of suspicion of acute (+) 0% 50% 38.1% 76.2% 60% 16.7% 27.8% 70% 21% 29.7% 100% 125.0% visit by a community health worker or lead malnutrition. Enumerators will be better trained on how to ask mother (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) this question in FY17 annual survey.

Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). 1.2.5. Percentage of targeted women/men Overachievement reflects the succesful impact of the Sept. 2016 receiving 1000 Days Approach messages and can Lead Mothers training. The excessive good result is also due to 40% 40% cite at least 2 components/actions pertaining to (+) 0 10% 74.3% 742.6% 20% 61.0% 305.0% 30.0% 77% 257.0% 95.1% 118.9% 80.0% the fact that the FY 16 annual survey took place one week after 80% 80% the 1,000-day approach Disaggregated by sex the lead mothers training session. (Cumulative) (CRS Annual)(Outcome)

The Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 question 8% 8% On 10/27/2015: Only women were surveyed in the sample 1.2.5.a Male (+) 0 2% 70.8% 3538.3% 4% was only 6% 0.0% NA NA NA survey. addressed Sex disaggregation data removed on 12/08/2016 (ARR) to women because only women were sampled in the survey. Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 32% 32% On 10/27/2015: Only women were surveyed in the sample 1.2.5.b Famale (+) 0 8% 83.3% 1041.7% 16% 61.0% 381.3% 24% 77% 320.8% 95% 118.9% 80.0% 80% survey. 80% Sex disaggregation data removed on 12/08/2016 (ARR) because only women were sampled in the survey.

1.2.6. Percent of children under 5 years old with diarrhea treated with Oral Rehydration Therapy (+) 80.2% 90.2% 97.5% 108.1% 94.2% 76.1% 80.8% 94.2% (ORT) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid- Term & final survey) (Outcome)

1.2.6.a. Male (+) 80.8% 81.8% 55.0% 67.2% 85.5% 76.4% 89.4% 85.5% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 1.2.6.b. Female (+) 79.5% 80.5% 42.5% 52.8% 84.1% 75.7% 90.0% 84.1% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 Outputs PREP FY2016 Reduced to 15 a year to follow GoN policy. 25 170 Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). Most pump 1.2.7. Number of pump repairers trained 50 25 (+) 0 45 0 0.0% 20 133.3% 20 133.3% 15 38 760.0% 0 90 repairmen are already trained in the zone. In order to keep pump (Annual) (CRS Output) 15 15 05 45 repair a profitable undertaking it is important not to train too many people in the the trade. This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the Washington M&E workshop. CRS intends to start collecting data 1.2.8. Number of people gaining access to a in FY14. basic an improved drinking water source service 75500 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) iaccording to the (+) 0 19,000 0 0.0% 22,000 54,475 247.6% 22,000 30,559 138.9% 12,500 20,629 165.0% 0 FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 and to take account as a result of USG assistance (Not Cumulative) 97534 of past achievements in first 4 years of imlementation. More (FFP Annual RiA) (Output) water points were built/improved than originally planned.

Disaggregation by urbain/rural area deleted on 09/25/2014 and 1.2.8.a. urban Male (+) 0 9,690 0 0.0% 11,220 26,973 240.4% 11,220 14,921 133.0% 6,375 10,211 160.2% 0 49,742 sex disaggregation added on 10/15/2014 according to the FY14 ARR SAPQ. Disaggregation by urbain/rural area deleted on 09/25/2014 and 1.2.8.b. rural Female (+) 0 9,310 0 0.0% 10,780 27,502 255.1% 10,780 15,638 145.1% 6,125 10,418 170.1% 0 47,792 sex disaggregation added on 10/15/2014 according to the FY14 ARR SAPQ. Disaggregation by urbain/rural area deleted on 12/08/2016 1.2.8.c. Urbain - 0 0.0% - 0 0 - according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Disaggregation by urbain/rural area deleted on 12/08/2016 1.2.8.d. Rural - 30,559 0.0% 12,500 20,629 165.0% 0 97,534 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Disaggregation by urbain/rural area deleted on 12/08/2016 Disaggregates Not Available - 0 0.0% - 0 0 - according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the Washington M&E workshop. 1.2.9. Number of people trained in child health Updated on 09/25/2014: Targets have been revised downwards and nutrition through USG-supported programs 70612 due to finding a formular error in how they had been calculated. (+) 0 312 338 108.3% 23,300 19,141 82.2% 12,050 20,725 172.0% 23,300 37,316 160.2% 11,650 8,798 75.5% 0 (Not Cumulative) (FFP) (Annual) Required) 89170 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take (Output) account achievements in Yr 1-4

12.9.a. By type of people Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - health professionals (+) 0 161 179 - - 20 0.0% - 39 - - 46 - - 0 0 161 Disaggregation by By type of people deleted on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - primary health care workers (+) 0 0 - - - 0.0% - - - - - 10 0 - Disaggregation by By type of people deleted on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2017 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - community health workers (+) 0 135 143 - 23,300 19,121 82.1% 12,050 - - 23,300 36,588 157.0% 11,650 8,702 74.7% 0 88,993 Disaggregation by By type of people deleted on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2018 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - volunteers (+) 0 0 - - - - - 367 - - - 0 0 - Disaggregation by By type of people deleted on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2019 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - non-health personnel (+) 0 16 16 - - - - - 20,319 - - 682 - - 86 0 16 Disaggregation by By type of people deleted on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2020 1.2.9.b. Sex - Male (+) 0 259 259 - 6,990 7,063 101.0% 3,615 5,975 165.3% 6,990 2191 31.3% 3,495 780 22.3% 0 26,751 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 0 80 80 - 16,310 12,078 74.1% 8,435 14,750 174.9% 16,310 35125 215.4% 8,155 8,018 98.3% 0 62,419 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements and reflect the larger number of 1.2.10. Number of primary school students schools included (241 instead of 219 in FY16) In addition instead 200 1500 trained in improved water, sanitation and hygiene (+) 0 0 0 0% 400 935 233.8% 500 661 132.2% 400 10302 2575.5% 12,407 49.6% 0 of training 2 teachers per school all teachers were trained in the 25000 36898 practices (Annual) (CRS Output) 241 schools. Thus the entire school population in the 241 schools is trained.

Sex disaggregation row and data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 0 0 0 0% 320 488 152.5% 400 353 88.3% 320 5975 1867.2% 20,000 6,845 27.4% 0 9,678 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements Sex disaggregation row and data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 0 0 0 0% 80 447 558.8% 100 307 307.0% 80 4327 5408.8% 5,000 5,562 22.2% 0 2,420 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements 1.2.11. Number of schools with improved For this indicator, implementation started in FY2014 but sanitary facilities (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (+) 0 60 17 28.3% 60 achieved in FY2015 and results reported for FY2014 (Output) (IEE) 1.2.12. Number of school latrines built or rehabilitated according to EGSSAA standards For this indicator implementation started in FY2014 but achieved (+) 0 45 46 102.2% 45 (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) (Green) in FY2015 and result reported for FY2014 (IEE) Results delayed. Y3 target will be inaugurated in yr5. As of 1.2.13. Number of health clinics established 11 12/08/16 at completion stage. 9 more clinics planned in Yr 5 according to EGSSAA standards (Cumulative) (+) 0 2 0 0.0% 9 4 44.4% 4 15 (CRS Annual) (Output) (IEE) This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the 1.2.14. Number of communities certified as Washington M&E workshop. 532 “open defecation free” (ODF) as a result of USG LOA target formula was corrected on 12/08/16 to reflect the (+) 0 91 58 63.7% 75 54 72.0% 75 53 70.7% 30 100 333.3% 170 271 assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual assumption that only 50% of communities triggered will in fact 365 Standard (Output) be certified.

District disaggregation row added on 09/25/2014 - Kantche district (+) 0 61 58 95.3% 50 26 51.8% 50 48 95.7% 20 44 219.2% 114 244 LOA target formula was corrected on 12/08/16 District disaggregation row added on 09/25/2014 - Mayahi district (+) 0 30 0 0.0% 25 28 113.1% 25 5 20.2% 10 56 565.7% 56 120 LOA target formula was corrected on 12/08/16 Strategic Objective 2: 73,700 Vulnerable households have increased the production and consumption of food for nutrition and income Intermediate Result 2.1: 73,700 Households have increased and diversified the production of more nutritious foods for consumption and income Outcomes 2.1.1. Number of micro-nutrient varieties (+) 0 9 Updated on 9/25/14 from 7 to 9 varieties including Moringa, adopted by farmers (Cumulative) (FFPIB Millet rich in Zinc/Fe, Okra, Hibiscus. Pomme de sahel Standards Outcome) (Bengorion & katle), Moringa (PKM1 & Stenopetala), Mil 9 100.0% 9 9 100.0% 9 9 100.0% 0 9 (ICRITABI), Okra (Konni & Tera), Hibiscus (Sadore & Wankoye) CRS will continue introducing the varieties.Adoption means having received or purchased and planted varieties. 10/24/2014: According to PMP Schedule/frequency column, this 2.1.2. Percent of targeted producers who indicator will be calculeted Y4&5. Targets for Year 2 & 3 are continue to practice bio-reclamation of degraded removed. 80% 80% land (BDL) for micro-dense food production one (+) 0% 80% 41.0% 51.3% 38.9% 77.8% 60% Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). Faced with 50% 60% year following training (FFPIB Standard land issue and crop damage by animals a number of groups Outcome) (disaggregated by sex) (Cumulative) stopped cultivation of the reclaimed plots.

Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 78% 2.1.2.a Male (+) 0% 4.0% 24.8% 620.6% 2.5% 3114.9% 3.0% 3.0% Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 0% 2.1.2.b Female (+) 0% 76.0% 16.2% 21.3% 47.5% 0.0% 57.0% 57.0% Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). 2.1.3. Percent of vegetable producers who adopt 10/24/2014: According to PMP Schedule/frequency column, this (+) 30% (+) 30% indicator will be calculeted Y4&5. Targets for Year 2 & 3 are improved marketing techniques (Cumulative) (+) 0% 28% 39.8% 142.1% 100% 200.0% 60% 50% 60% removed. (FFPIB Standard Outcome) Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR). (+) 30% (+) 30% Sex disaggregation row and data added on 09/25/2014 2.1.3.a Male (+) 0% 28% 42.3% 151.2% 100% 212.8% 47.0% 47% 47% (+) 30% (+) 30% Sex disaggregation row and data added on 09/25/2014 2.1.3.b Female (+) 0% 28% 33.1% 118.1% 100% 243.9% 41.0% 41% 41% Outputs LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take 2.1.4. Number of beneficiaries trained in account of past achievements due to the fact that all members of 4452 improved livestock management disaggregated by (+) 0 0 0 0% 2,301 982 42.7% 1,317 1,234 93.7% 834 5,950 713.4% 73 73 100.0% 0 a group were trained at the onset of the animal distribution 8239 program. Originally only the women receiving animals were sex (FFP Annual monitoring indicator) (Annual) scheduled to be trained .

Sex disaggregation row and data added on 09/25/2014 2.1.4.a Male (+) 0 0 0 0% 115 60.8% 66 131 198.9% 42 353 846.5% 4 73 2000.0% 0 412 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take 70 account of past achievements Sex disaggregation row and data added on 09/25/2014 2.1.4.b Female (+) 0 0 0 0% 2,186 912 41.7% 1,251 1,113 89.0% 792 5,597 706.4% 69 0 0.0% 0 7,827 LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) All 87 potential sites 2.1.5. Number of Hectares restored through were identified and developped in Yr2 &3. there is no additional small scale irrigation infrastructure as result of 399 area suited for irrigated market gardening to be developped. (+) 0 181 41.3 22.8% 218 105 48.2% USG assistance (Disaggregated by existence of 146 MOU or not) (Cumulative) (CRS Output) (IEE)

2.1.5.a. With MOU (+) 0 171 41.3 24.1% 206 105 51.0% 138 MOU disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.1.5.b. Without MOU (+) 0 10 0 0.0% 12 - 0.0% 8 MOU disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 This indicator was include in the IPTT in July 2013 after the 2.1.6. Number of individuals who have received 77933 Washington M&E workshop. USG-supported short-term agricultural sector 0 (+) 0 5,677 5,074 89.4% 37,578 31,245 83.1% 29,500 24,806 84.1% 5,178 13,255 256.0% 19,620 72.5% 16,391 104588 Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) productivity or food security training (Not 27,075 120979 and CRS does not planned formal training in FY2017. Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Output)

2.1.6.a. By type of individual Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) - Producers (+) 0 5,462 5,010 91.7% 37,499 30,906 82.4% 29,421 24,637 83.7% 5,099 13,105 257.0% 25,626 19,461 75.9% 200 103,307 and CRS does not planned training in FY2017.

Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) - People in government (+) 0 8 0 0% 8 29 362.5% 8 10 125.0% 8 22 275.0% 213 18 8.5% 0 245 and CRS does not planned training in FY2017.

Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) - People in private sector firms (+) 0 0 0 - - - - 0 - - 0 0 0.0% 1,236 0 0.0% 106 1,342 and CRS does not planned training in FY2017.

Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) - People in civil society (NGOs, CBOs, CSOs…) (+) 0 207 64 30.9% 71 310 436.6% 71 159 223.9% 71 128 180.3% 0 141 16,085 16,505 and CRS does not planned training in FY2017.

2.1.6.b. Sex Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) - Male (+) 0 191 235 123.0% 15,440 19,662 127.3% 13,938 8,177 58.7% 1,175 2,985 254.0% 8,807 5,767 65.5% 820 40,370 and CRS does not planned training in FY2017.

Globally past achievements are 74,380 individuals reached (95%) - Female (+) 0 5,486 4,839 88.2% 22,138 11,583 52.3% 15,563 16,629 106.9% 4,003 10,270 256.6% 18,268 13,853 75.8% 15,571 81,029 and CRS does not planned training in FY2017.

Inputs Updated on 9/25/14 from 7 to 9 varieties including Moringa, Millet rich in Zinc/Fe, Okra, Hibiscus. Pomme de sahel 2.1.7. Number of improved micro-nutrient (Bengorion & katle), Moringa (PKM1 & Stenopetala), Mil 12 varieties promoted by the program (FFPIB (+) 0 6 0 0.0% 9 9 100.0% 9 9 100.0% (ICRITABI), Okra (Konni & Tera), Hibiscus (Sadore & 9 Standard Input) (Cumulative) Wankoye). LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements Intermediate Result 2.2: 47,100 Households have adopted improved varieties of staple crops for consumption and income Outcomes Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to 2.2.1. Percent of farmers that used at least one take account of past achievements improved variety of macro-nutrient dense foods 96% 96% in the most recent season (overall and (+) 8.7% 10.0% 24.9% 249.0% 36% 26.8% 74.4% 66% 22.9% 34.7% 20.9% 69.7% 30% 30% disaggregated by sex) (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey, Annually) (Outcome)

2.2.1.a Men (+) 8.6% 13.2% 26.0% 196.6% 25.2% 27.3% 108.1% 39.1% 23.6% 60.3% 22.5% 25.6% 113.9% 22.5% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.2.1.b Women (+) 10.0% 15.4% 9.2% 59.8% 29.4% 24.7% 84.1% 45.5% 21.1% 46.4% 26.1% 9.6% 36.7% 26.1% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.2.2. Number of macro-nutrient varieties Adoption means having received/purchased and planted adopted by farmers (Cumulative) (FFP (+) 0 0 0 - 7 7 100.0% 7 varieties of seed. Standard) (Outcome) This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the Washington M&E workshop. For this purpose no baseline data 2.2.3. Number of farmers and others who have was collected. CRS intends to use FY14 harvest data as baseline applied new improved technologies or information. Actual targets will be determined after the exercise. management practices as a result of with USG (+) 0 22,305 21,116 94.7% 33,457 35,882 107.2% 39,388 36,427 92.5% 18,512 10,270 55.5% 0 68,942 CRS does not plan new seed fairs beneficiaries in FY2017.Y5 assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) targets removed (continuing beneficiaries) (Outcome)

2.2.3.a.New/Continuing Y5 and LOA disaggregation byNew/Continuing removed on - New (+) 0 22,305 21,116 94.7% 22,974 14,766 64.3% 23,663 30,581 129.2% - 3,119 - 68,942 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y5 and LOA disaggregation byNew/Continuing removed on - Continuing (+) 0 - - - 10,483 21,116 201.4% 15,725 7,547 48.0% 18,512 7,151 38.6% - - 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2017 Y5 and LOA disaggregation byNew/Continuing removed on - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 ------12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 2.2.3.b. Sex Updated on 09/26/2014: formula for target for year 4 was - Male (+) 0 20,900 18,502 88.5% 31,350 32,265 102.9% 36,907 27,642 74.9% 17,346 - 0.0% - 64,599 corrected - Female (+) 0 1,405 2,614 186.0% 2,108 3,061 145.2% 2,481 8,165 329.0% 1,166 - 0.0% - 4,343 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 - - - 0 556 - 0 620 - 10270 0

Value Chain Actor Type Producers (e.g., farmers, ranchers, and other Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Value Chain Actor Type added primary sector producers of food and non-food on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued crops, livestock products, wild fisheries, 30,235 0 0 - October 2016 aquaculture, agro-forestry, and natural resource- based products) Others (e.g., individual processors (but not Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Value Chain Actor Type added firms), rural entrepreneurs, traders, natural 6,192 0 0 on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued resource managers, extension agents). October 2016 Disaggregates Not Available 0 10270 0 Technology Type Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Crop genetics 21,419 0 0 68,942 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Cultural practices 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Livestock management 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Wild fishing technique/gear 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Aquaculture management 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Pest management 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Disease management 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Soil-related fertility and conservation 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Irrigation 6,120 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Water management-none-irrigation based 2,623 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Climate mitigation or adaptation 6,193 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Marketing and distribution 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Post-harvest - handling & storage 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Value-added processing 73 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology Type added on Other 0 0 0 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Total w/one or more improved 36,427 10270 68,942 technology/practice Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 10270 This indicator was include in the IPTT in July 2013 after the 2.2.4. Number of for-profit private enterprises, Washington M&E workshop producers organizations, water users Globally past achievements are 5,046 for-profit private associations, women's groups, trade and business enterprises reached (82.2%) and remaning target for Y5 are associations, and community-based organizations (+) 0 107 97 90.7% 1,314 876 66.7% 1,875 1,851 98.7% 1,580 2,222 140.6% 1,264 2,170 171.7% 2,782 8,922 1,264 . (CBOs) that applied new improved organizational- level technologies or management practices with USG assistance

2.2.4.a. Type of organization - for-profit private enterprises (+) 0 - - - 1,015 686 67.6% 1,685 1,347 79.9% 840 1,964 233.8% 672 1,992 296.4% 1,964 6,176 - producers organizations (+) 0 - - - 60 5 8.3% 50 339 678.0% 20 98 490.0% 16 92 575.0% 98 244 - water users associations (+) 0 - - - - - 0.0% ------women's groups (+) 0 107 97 90.7% 239 185 77.4% 140 165 117.9% 720 160 22.2% 576 86 14.9% 720 2,502 - trade and business associations (+) 0 - - - - - 0.0% ------community-based organizations (CBOs) (+) 0 - - - - - 0.0% ------Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - 0% - - - - 2.2.4.b. New/Continuing - New (+) 0 107 97 90.7% 1,234 747 60.5% 1,075 975 90.7% 80 715 893.8% - - - 2,496 - Continuing (+) 0 0 0 - 80 129 161.3% 800 876 109.5% 1,500 1,507 100.5% 1,264 2,170 171.7% 2,782 6,426 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 0 ------Inputs 2.2.5. Number of improved macro-nutrient varieties promoted by the program (Cumulative) (+) 0 6 0 0% 9 17 188.9% 9 9 100.0% 12 (FFPIB Standard) (Input) Intermediate Result 2.3: 19,600 Households have managed environmentally responsible integrated crop production systems Outcome Deleted on 09/25/2014: This indicator is removed from the list of 2.3.1. Percentage of farmers who used at least 2 indicators in the IPTT since the baseline studies did not collect sustainable agriculture (crop/livestock and/or reference information for the indicator therefore measurement of NRM) practices and/or technologies in the past (+) 0.3% 5.0% 10.0% N/A 10.0% the indicator will be difficult. Secondly this indicator is not 12 months (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & included on the FFP list of recquired, required if applicable or final survey) (Outcome) standard indicators Updated: April 9, 2013.

2.3.2. Number of hectares under improved This indicator was include in the IPTT in July 2013 after the 1,466 technologies or management practices as a result 372 298 Washington M&E workshop. (+) 0 160.5 100.6 62.7% 319 274.4 86.0% 316 2149.4 680.2% 2,845.0 127.6% 2,586.1 119.8% 1,500 5,184 of USG assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual 2,229 2,159 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 RiA) (Outcome) 6683,5 2.3.2.a. Technology type 0 0 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - crop genetics (including nutritional enhancement) (+) 0 - - - - 18.7 - - - 1,246.2 66.5% - - 1874.0 1,874 1,874 3,748 - pest management (+) 0 - - - - 4.5 - - - - 0 0 0.0% 0 - - 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - disease management (+) 0 ------0 6 6.4 106.7% - - 0 12 6.0 6 120 96 216 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - soil-related (fertility and conservation, including tillage) (+) 0 ------1269.57 18136.7% - - 8.4 7 6 13 48 38 146 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - irrigation (+) 0 - - - - 41.3 - 60 89.5 149.2% 144.75 104.9% 112.8 102.6% - 138 110 308 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - water management (+) 0 ------0 0.0% 0 - - 0 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology type - climate mitigation (+) 0 160.5 100.6 62.7% 319 209.9 65.8% 256 67.1% 204 0 0.0% 163 - - 1,103 (mitigation/adaptation) added on 12/08/2016 according to the 171.6 FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 Y4 and LOA disaggregation by Technology type - climate adaptation (+) 0 169.5 83.1% 0 2,473.3 1,500 1,500 (mitigation/adaptation) added on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 - other (+) 0 ------0 8.6 - 0 - - 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 1466 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 372 298 - total w/one or more improved technology (+) 0 160.5 100.6 319 274.4 86.0% 316 2149.4 680.2% 1598.8 71.7% 2586.1 119.8% 1,500 5184 2,229 2,159 6684 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 ------0 - - 0 - - 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 2.3.2.b. New/Continuig 580 120 - New (+) 0 160.5 100.6 62.7% 239 173.8 72.7% 60 - - - 0 112.8 1,500 460 0 - 1960 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 252 298 887 - Continuing (+) 0 0 - - 80 100.6 125.0% 256 - - - 2,473 114.6% - - 2,229 2,159 4,724 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 ------0 - - 0 - - 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 2.3.2.c. Sex 378 149 179 - Male (+) 0 - 25.7 - 50.5 1445.6 2862.9% 2,666.90 178.6% - 1,404 2989 1,493 1,446 4393 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 1088 223 119 - Female (+) 0 160.5 100.6 62.7% 319 204.5 64.1% 266.0 703.9 264.6% 178.08 24.2% - 96 2195 736 713 2291 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - Joint (+) 0 0 - - - 41.3 - - - 0 - - 0 - 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - Association-applied (+) 0 0 - - - 3.0 - - - 0 - - 0 - 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 ------0 - - 0 2,586.1 0 FY16, 17 and LOA targets revised on 12 January 2016 Outputs 2.3.3. Number of hectares restored through soil Y5 target (2,200 Ha) added and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements conservation as a result of USG assistance 7747 (+) 0 2,583 209.9 8.1% 2,582 264.8 10.3% 2,582 1,709 66.19% 2,200 2,146 97.5% and include Conservation Farming targets to be reched in Yr 5 (Annual) (CRS Output) 4384

2.3.3.a. By type of technique - banquettes/tranchees (+) 0 775 62.97 8.1% 775 79 10.3% 775 0 0.0% 660 644 97.5% 2,324 - demi-lunes (+) 0 775 62.97 8.1% 775 79 10.3% 775 270 34.9% 660 644 97.5% 2,324 - zai (+) 0 1,033 83.97 8.1% 1,033 106 10.3% 1,033 1439.1 139.3% 880 858 97.5% 3,099 Intermediate Result 2.4: 50,000 households have increased sources of revenue Outcomes 2.4.1.Percent of targeted households who report Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to 70% 70% increased sources revenue (Cumulative) (CRS (+) 0 30% 7.5% 24.8% 50% 14.2% 28.4% 60% 45% 75.2% 92.5% 185.0% take account of past achievements and adjust to a more realistic 50% 50% level Outcome) (Annually)

2.4.2 Percentage of farmers who used financial services in the past 12 months (Cumulative) (+) 3.6% 11.3% 14.3% 125.8% 14.3% 17.3% 120.6% 14.3% (FFP Baseline & final Survey) (Outcome)

2.4.2.a. Male 3.8% 11.2% 13.2% 117.7% 13.2% 17.8% 134.9% 13.2% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.4.2.b. Female 2.0% 5.9% 19.3% 326.0% 6.9% 16.1% 231.8% 6.9% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.4.3. Percentage of farmers who practiced the value chain activities promoted by the project in the past 12 months (overall and disaggregated by (+) 28.9% 36.6% 33.7% 92.0% 39.6% 42.0% 106.0% 39.6% sex) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final Survey) (Outcome) 2.4.3.a. Male (+) 29.8% 51.0% 34.9% 68.5% 52.7% 43.4% 82.4% 52.7% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.4.3.b. Female (+) 21.8% 37.3% 27.6% 74.0% 38.5% 36.6% 94.9% 38.5% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to 2.4.4. Percentage of farmers who used improved take account of past achievements and level of adoption. storage practices in the past 12 months, (overall 37% 37% (+) 25.0% 29.0% 71.0% 244.8% 33.0% 40.9% 123.9% 47.1% 85.6% and disaggregated by sex) (Cumulative) (FFP 55% 55% Baseline & final Survey) (Outcome) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.4.4.a Male (+) 25.3% 41.3% 74.1% 179.3% 43.5% 42.3% 97.2% 55.7% 53.1% 95.4% 55.7% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.4.4.b. Female (+) 22.5% 36.2% 50.0% 138.3% 38.0% 36.8% 96.8% 48.4% 58.3% 120.5% 48.4% Once the This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the Once the five data Once the Once the Washington M&E workshop. For this purpose no baseline data five data points five data five data was collected. CRS intends to use FY14 harvest data as baseline points (disaggreg points points information. Actual targets will be determined after the exercise. Year 2 targets (based on baseline data) are removed because (disaggregat ated by (disaggregat (disaggregat baseline survey took place in November 2014. Year 2 results ed by sex) sex) are ed by sex) ed by sex) (achieved) are especially considered as baseline data because the are entered entered are entered are entered survey took place in November 2014 into the into the into the into the FFPMIS, FFPMIS, FFPMIS, FFPMIS, 2.4.5. Gross margin per hectare, animal or cage the the the the of selected product (Not Cumulative) (FFP (+) - (+)15% (+)20% (+)20% commodity- commodity- commodity- commodity- Annual RiA) (Outcome) specific specific specific specific (Cowpea (Cowpea (Cowpea (Cowpea and and and and Groundnut) Groundnut Groundnut) Groundnut) gross margin ) gross gross gross is margin is margin is margin is automaticall automatica automaticall automaticall y calculated lly y calculated y calculated calculated 2.4.5.a. Cowpea (1) Hectares planted (for crops); (+) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 934 1,027 934 n/a 1,074 4369 n/a 1,121 1,672 - 1,121 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015)) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 112 123 112 n/a 129 328 n/a 134 431 - 134 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 144 158 144 n/a 166 866 n/a 173 331 - 173 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 466 n/a - 26 - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: - 12/03/2015) (2) Total Production (+)

Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 981 1,079 981 n/a 1,128 490 n/a 1,177 854 - 1,177 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 48 53 48 n/a 55 10 n/a 58 104 - 58 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 199 219 199 n/a 229 67 n/a 239 24 - 239 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 34 n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 9 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: - 12/03/2015) (3) Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) - - n/a Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 39,880 43,868 39,880 n/a 45,862 111459 n/a 47,856 80,596 - 47,856 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 1,178 1,296 1,178 n/a 1,355 1298 n/a 1,414 45,876 - 1,414 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 10,182 11,200 10,182 n/a 11,709 21130 n/a 12,218 14,207 - 12,218 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 505 n/a - 3,147 - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) (4) Total Quantity (Volume) of Sales (+) - - n/a Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 226 249 226 n/a 260 166 n/a 271 110 - 271 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 12 13 12 n/a 14 3 n/a 14 73 - 14 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 17 19 17 n/a 20 15 n/a 20 18 - 20 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 1 n/a - 6 - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) (5) Total Purchased Input Costs (USD) (+) - - n/a Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 249,173 274,090 249,173 n/a 124,587 184266 n/a 74,752 131,009 - 24,917 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 10,669 11,736 10,669 n/a 5,335 19068 n/a 3,201 16,984 - 1,067 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 77,757 85,533 77,757 n/a 38,879 55278 n/a 23,327 7,571 - 7,776 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 4287 n/a - 3,211 - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) 2.4.5.b. Groundnut (1) Hectares planted (for crops); Number of animals (for milk, eggs); or Area (ha) of ponds or (+) Number of crates (for fish) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 159 175 159 n/a 183 4200 n/a 191 2,188 - 191 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 24 26 24 n/a 28 105 n/a 29 211 - 29 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 21 23 21 n/a 24 502 n/a 25 281 - 25 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 664 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) (2) Total Production (+) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 136 150 136 n/a 156 392 n/a 163 1,499 - 163 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 12 13 12 n/a 14 19 n/a 14 185 - 14 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 52 - 52 n/a 60 5939 n/a 62 90 - 62 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 3 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) (3) Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 6,007 6,608 6,007 n/a 6,908 169208 n/a 7,208 505,877 - 7,208 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) - - - n/a - 3738 n/a - 72,443 - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 4,014 4,415 4,014 n/a 4,616 42670 n/a 4,817 20,704 - 4,817 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 1920 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) (4) Total Quantity (Volume) of Sales (+) - Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 147 162 147 n/a 169 137 n/a 176 833 - 176 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) - - - n/a - 11 n/a - 96 - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 10 11 10 n/a 12 46 n/a 12 59 - 12 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - n/a - 2 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) (5) Total Purchased Input Costs (USD) (+) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 107,285 118,014 107,285 n/a 48,278 222216 n/a 26,821 371,304 - 5,364 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 11,013 12,114 11,013 n/a 4,956 10508 n/a 2,753 48,002 - 551 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 45,755 50,331 45,755 n/a 20,590 25933 n/a 11,439 14,544 - 2,288 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 3894 n/a - - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - 0 n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) - Joint (+) - - - n/a - - - - Association-applied (+) - - n/a - - - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - n/a - - - Once the This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the two data Washington M&E workshop. For this purpose no baseline data Once the Once the points was collected. CRS intends to use FY14 harvest data (available two data two data (disaggreg end of November) as baseline information. Actual targets will be points points determined after the exercise. ated by (disaggregat (disaggregat Year 2 targets (based on baseline data) are removed because sex) are ed by sex) ed by sex) baseline survey took place in November 2014. Year 2 results entered are entered are entered (achieved) are especially considered as baseline data because the into the into the into the survey took place in November 2014 FFPMIS, FFPMIS, FFPMIS, 2.4.6. Value of incremental sales (collected at the the the farm level) attributed to USG implementation (+) n/a commodity- (+)20% (+)20% commodity- commodity- (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) specific specific specific (Cowpea (Cowpea (Cowpea and and and Groundnut Groundnut) Groundnut) ) Incremental Incremental Increment Sales is Sales is al Sales is automaticall automaticall automatica y calculated y calculated lly calculated 2.4.6.a. Cowpea n/a Volume of sales (mt) (+) 184 n/a 208 Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) 134,391 n/a 143,826 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 39,880 43,868 6,706 n/a 45,862 111,459 n/a 47,856 80,596 47,856 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 1,178 1,296 1,206 n/a 1,355 1,298 n/a 1,414 45,876 1,414 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 10,182 11,200 - n/a 11,709 21,130 n/a 12,218 14,207 12,218 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 505 n/a - 3,147 - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - - n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) 2.4.6.b. Groundnut

Volume of sales (mt) (+) - 114.63 n/a 196 n/a 988

Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) - 8,146.90 n/a 217,536 n/a 599,024 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Male (+) 226 248.60 6,706.20 n/a 260 169,208 n/a 271 505,877 271 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Female (+) 12 13.20 1,206.01 n/a 14 3,738 n/a 14 72,443 14 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Joint (+) 17 18.70 - n/a 20 42,670 n/a 20 20,704 20 Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Association-applied (+) - - - n/a - 1,920 n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - - n/a - - n/a - - - Target for all years Adjusted (based on baseline data: 12/03/2015) Outputs 2.4.7. Number of farmers who practiced the 74800 value chain activities promoted by the project in (+) 0 5,350 0 0% 36,325 25,794 71.0% 29,125 27,232 93.5% 4,000 6,896 172% 5,516 1,714 31.1% 4,412 80317 the past 12 months (Not Cumulative) (FFP) 84729 (Annual) (Output) Sex 2.4.7.a. Male (+) 0 0 0 0% 18,163 19,295 106.2% 14,563 22168 152.2% 2,000 2,522 126% 2,758 757 27.4% 2,206 42,365 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 2.4.7.b. Female (+) 0 0 0 0% 18,163 6,499 35.8% 14,563 5064 34.8% 2,000 4,374 219% 2,758 957 34.7% 2,206 42,365 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 Value Chain Stages

Use of improved inputs 0 0 24 0 0 Disaggregation by Value Chain Stages addeld on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016

Post-harvest handling 0 552 241 43.7% 441 993 Disaggregation by Value Chain Stages addeld on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016

Value-added processing 0 2,758 420 15.2% 2,205 4,963 Disaggregation by Value Chain Stages addeld on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016

Marketing/trading 0 2,206 1029 46.6% 1,764 3,970 Disaggregation by Value Chain Stages addeld on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016

Disaggregates Not Available 6,896 0 0 3 74,803 Disaggregation by Value Chain Stages addeld on 12/08/2016 according to the FY2016 revised PIRS issued October 2016 Strategic Objective 3: 532 Target communities have improved integrated disaster risk management Intermediate Result 3.1: 532 Community-based early warning systems are integrated into the national EWS Outcomes 3.1.1. Percentage of (106) SCAP-RU's operating (+) 0 70% 4.55% 6.5% 85% 39% 45.3% 85% 37% 43.29% 85% 36% 42.8% 85% 85% (Annually) (CRS Outcome) Outputs

3.1.2. Percentage of SCAP-RU's whose members (+) 0 80% 69.6% 87.0% 90% 75.0% 83.3% 90% 80% 88.59% 90% 79.6% 88.4% 90% 90% are 25% women (Annual) (CRS Output) Intermediate Result 3.2: 479 Targeted communities have managed disaster responses Outcome 3.2.1. Percentage of targeted SCAP-RU promptly Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to take account of past achievements and realistic target (within 5 days) reporting local emergency 85% 85% monitoring data to the department level on a (+) 0 55% 11.5% 20.9% 80% 59% 73.5% 85% 34% 40.44% 7.8% 15.7% 50% 50% 50% regular basis (11 months out of 12) (Annual) (CRS Output) 3.2.2. Number of communities with disaster early This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the warning and response (EWR) systems working Washington M&E workshop (+) 0 232 36 15.50% 232 232 100.0% 464 201 43.30% 542 47 8.7% 580 580 effectively (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) Update on 09/25/2014: formula for yearly targets corrected (Outcome) This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the 3.2.3. Number of people trained in disaster Washington M&E workshop preparedness as a result of USG assistance (Not (+) 0 94 94 100.0% 1,980 1,736 87.7% 161 1,290 801.2% 67 292 435.82% 14 14 100% 0 2,316 Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome)

3.2.3.a. Male (+) 0 81 81 100.0% 1,366 1,330 97.4% 111 936 842.6% 46 267 577.55% 10 10 103.5% 0 1,598 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 3.2.3.b. Female (+) 0 13 13 100.0% 614 406 66.1% 50 354 709.3% 21 25 120.37% 4 4 92.2% 0 718 Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014

This indicator was include in the IPTT in July 2013 after the 3.2.4. Number of vulnerable households Washington M&E workshop benefiting directly from USG interventions (Not (+) 0 69,360 53,157 76.6% 74,562 57,672 77.3% 84,531 68,925 82% 86,700 70,182 80.9% 86,700 86,700 Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required) (Output)

3.2.4.a. Adult Female no Adult Male (FNM) (+) 0 3,260 2,498 76.6% 3,504 2,711 77.3% 3,973 3,239 82% 4,075 3,299 80.9% 4,075 4,075 3.2.4.b. Adult Male no Adult Female (MNF) (+) 0 3,468 2,658 76.6% 3,728 2,884 77.3% 4,227 3,446 82% 4,335 3,509 80.9% 4,335 4,335 3.24.c. Male and Female Adults (M&F) (+) 0 62,424 47,842 76.6% 67,106 51,905 77.3% 76,078 62,033 82% 78,030 63,164 80.9% 78,030 78,030 3.3.4.d Child No Adults (CNA) (+) 0 208 159 76.4% 224 173 77.3% 254 207 82% 260 211 80.9% 260 260 3.2.4.e. New (+) 0 69,360 53,157 76.6% 5,202 16,347 314.2% 9,969 11,253 112.9% 2,169 1,257 58.0% - 0 3.2.4.f. Continuing (+) 0 - - - 69,360 41,325 59.6% 74,562 57,672 77.3% 84,531 68,925 81.5% 86,700 86,700 Cross-cutting Gender Objective 1: Gender roles expanded to enhance sustainable results CC IR1.1: 1176 Target communities have improved gender equity Outcomes CC 1.1.1. Percentage of leaders in the community who are women (Cumulative)(CRS (+) 0% 30% 17% 55.9% 35% 21.3% 60.8% 35% 19.5% 55.7% 40% 26.3% 65.8% 40% 40% Annual)(Outcome) CC 1.1.2. Percentage of currently married women age 15-49 reporting that she makes decisions either by herself or jointly with her (+) 10.0% 11% 6.2% 56.3% 12% 6.2% 51.6% 14% 58.1% 415.0% 17% 77.2% 454.1% 17% 17% spouse (disaggregated by 15-20; and 21-49) (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) (CRS Outcome) CC 1.1.2.a. Women 15-20 years old (+) 10.0% 11% 3.8% 34.9% 12% 0.0% 14% 28.8% 205.7% 17% 66.7% 392.4% 17% 17% CC 1.1.2.b. Women 21-49 years old (+) 10.0% 11% 6.9% 63.2% 12% 0.0% 14% 58.5% 417.9% 17% 76.7% 451.2% 17% 17% Outputs CC 1.1.3. Percentage Proportion of female This indicator was included in the IPTT in July 2013 after the participants in USG-assisted programs designed Washington M&E workshop to increase access to productive economic 25% 25% Y5 and LOA targets revised on 12/08/2016 (ARR) in order to (+) 0 20.0% 48.8% 244% 20.0% 82.6% 413.0% 25.0% 83.8% 335.2% 84.2% 93.6% 90% resources (assets, credit, income or employment) 90% 90% take account of past achievements and refelect that activities focus on women's groups are female (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required) (Output) CC 1.1.3.a. Age: 10-29 (+) 0 14.3% 34.8% 174.3% 14.3% 59.0% 413.0% 17.9% 83.8% 469.3% 64.3% 0.0% 64.3% 64.3% CC 1.1.3.b. Age: 30 and over (+) 0 4.1% 10.0% 49.8% 4.1% 16.9% 413.0% 5.1% 83.7% 1640.6% 25.7% 0.0% 25.7% 25.7% Cross-cutting IR 2.1: 22,800 Women and men have increased basic literacy and numeracy skills Outcomes CC 2.1.1. Percentage of literacy class students who achieve functional literacy (Not (+) 0 0% 30% - 35% 32% 92.3% 40% 39.5% 98.8% 55% 40.5% 73.6% 60% 40.5% 67.4% 60% 60% Cumulative)(CRS Annual) (Outcome)

CC 2.1.1.a. Male (+) 0 0% 49.2% - 58.7% 41% 69.9% 63.5% 57.9% 91.3% 68.2% 45.8% 67.2% 72.9% 48.7% 66.8% 45.8% 45.8% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 CC 2.1.1.b. Female (+) 0 0% 26.3% - 29.1% 59% 202.5% 31.9% 34.8% 108.8% 34.8% 39.6% 113.8% 34.8% 40.2% 115.8% 39.7% 39.7% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 CC 2.1.2 Number of literacy teachers trained (+) 0 472 236 50.0% 236 354 150.0% 472 (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) Cross-Cutting IR 3.1: Governance of 532 targeted communities and national structures strengthened Outcomes CC 3.1.1. Percentage of villages with a 85% functioning development committee (having 85% (+) ND 25% 8.7% 35% 50% 16.0% 32.1% 75% 20% 26.2% 24.5% 61.2% 50% 40% completed 2 of the 4 functioning criteria) 40% 50% (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) Output CC 3.1.2 Number of government extension services staff trained (Not Cumulative) (FFP (+) NA 239 161 67.4% 244 232 95.1% 218 175 80.4% 1,005 1,016 101.1% 158 766 484.8% 0 158 Annual Standard (Output) Trigger Indicators FY15 FY16 Triggers Indicators / Sources of Information (See PMP) : TI 1 Percent deficit of crop production harvest harvest data - Agriculture extension service & OSV reports /Annual (-) NA 51% - - 51% 94% 185% 51% 51% 51% 0 51% (Annually) data not not Agriculture campaign evaluations available available Triggers Indicators / Sources of Information (See PMP) : TI 2 Acute malnutrition among children 6-59 - Recorded in the register (-) NA 5-9% - - 5-9% 4% 7% 4.41% 158.7% 5% 3% 161.2% 5% 0 5% months (MUAC < 5%) (Monthly) - Summary sheet documents total number of children in the 3 categories (Normal, moderate and severe) FY15 FY16 Triggers Indicators / Sources of Information (See PMP) : harvest harvest data - Government livestock extension services TI 3 Percent deficit of pasture (Annually) (-) NA 51% 30% 59% 51% 43% 84% 51% 51% 51% 0 51% data not not available available Triggers Indicators / Sources of Information (See PMP) : NA - - TBD 0 TI 4 Number of meals per day (Threshold: >3) (+) >3 >3 >3 >3 >3 >3 - SCAP-RU reports 33% non 33% non 33% non 33% non 33% non 33% non TI 5 Timing and quantity of population Triggers Indicators / Sources of Information (See PMP) : (-) NA seasonal - - seasonal TBD seasonal seasonal seasonal 0 seasonal - SCAP-RU monthly reports movement (Annually) migratio migration migration migration migration migration - Use Frontline Triggers Indicators / Sources of Information (See PMP) : TI 6 Percent of households per village whose - Agriculture extension service & OSV reports /Annual (-) NA 25% - - 25% TBD 25% 25% 25% 0 25% Agriculture campaign evaluations fields are ravaged by crickets (Threshold:25%) - Government livestock extension services / Annual evaluaiton of the pastoral situation Contextual Indicators CI 1. Prevalence of poverty: percent of people living on less than $1.25/day (Not Cumulative) (-) 62.6% 55% N/a N/a 45% 58.0% 77.6% 45% (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) CI 2. Mean depth of poverty (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (-) 23.3 18.0 N/a N/a 12.0% 20.8% 57.7% 12% (Impact) CI 3. Per capita expenditures (as a proxy for income) of USG targeted beneficiaries (+) 1.37 2.0 N/a N/a 2.50 1.40 56.0% 2.5 (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) CI 4. Percent of households with soap and water at a hand washing station commonly used by (+) 15.1% 35.0% 26.9% 76.9% 40.0% 16.9% 42.3% 40.0% family members (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) CI 5. Percent of HHs using an improved sanitation facility (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, (+) 5.5% 10.0% 18.5% 184.5% 12.0% 7.5% 62.5% 12.0% Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) CI 6. Percentage of children under age five who had diarrhea in the prior two weeks (-) 14.0% 7.0% 14.9% 46.8% 5.0% 27.2% 18.4% 5.0% (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) CI 6a. Male (-) 15.2% 3.8% 7.7% 49.9% 2.7% 29.6% 9.2% 2.7% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 CI 6b. Female (-) 12.6% 3.2% 7.3% 43.6% 2.3% 24.9% 9.1% 2.3% Sex disaggregation data added on 09/25/2014 CI. 7 Percent of households using an improved drinking water source or appropriately treated (+) 3.3% 5.0% 58.8% 1176.0% 10.0% 22.7% 227.0% 10.0% water source (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) Agency for Internationa Office of Food for Peac

FY16 PREP Attachment E ii a: Indicator Performance Tracking Table (IPTT) Applicant Name: Catholic Relief Services Host Country: Niger Name of Proposed Food Aid Program: PASAM-TAI Life of Award: July 1, 2012- June 30, 2017 Desired Year 5 Data Source Description Indicator direction Baseline of change Target Achieved % Program Goal: Food insecurity and malnutrition in rural households in the Maradi and Zinder regions of Niger reduced. Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. 1.0.1. Prevalence of underweight (WAZ <−2) Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data children 0-59 months (Not Cumulative)(FFP (-) 48.1% 36.1% 43.4% 83.2% Report Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) 1.0.1.a. Male (-) 50.1% 30.1% 44.9% 67.0% 1.0.1.b. Female (-) 46.1% 23.1% 42.0% 54.9% 1.0.2 Prevalence of stunted (HAZ <−2) children 0- Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. 59 months (Not Cumulative)(FFP Baseline, Mid- (-) 59.5% 49.5% 55.0% 90.0% Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data Term & final survey) (Impact) Report 1.0.2.a. Male (-) 61.5% 40.9% 57.9% 70.7% 1.0.2.b. Female (-) 57.5% 38.3% 52.2% 73.3% 1.0.3. Prevalence of underweight Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. (BMI<18.5kg/m2) women of reproductive age Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (-) 20.3% 11.3% 21.3% 53.1% (15-49 years) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Report Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) 2.0.1. Prevalence of households with moderate or Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. severe hunger (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, (-) 25.0% 15.0% 21.2% 70.8% Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) Report 2.0.1.a. moderate hunger (-) 21.2% 12.4% 2.0.1.a. severe hunger (-) 3.8% 11.6% 2.0.2. Average Household Dietary Diversity Score Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. (Not Cumulative)(FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & (+) 3.6 5.0 4.6 92.0% Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data final survey) (Impact) Report 3.0.1. Number of communities that belong to Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through operating SCAP/RUs Operating criteria are: Routine Monitoring Systems 1.regular meetings 2. record keeping 3. 619 (+) NA 59 15.3% transparent decision making and 4. financial 386 management and accountability (Cumulative)(CRS Annual) (Impact)

Strategic Objective 1: HH (especially pregnant and lactating women and children U5) have reduced chronic malnutrition. Intermediate Result 1.1: HH (especially pregnant and lactating women and children U5) have adopted appropriate health, hygiene and nutrition behaviors Outcomes 1.1.1. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding of Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. children under 6 months of age (Not Cumulative) Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 44.3% 60.0% 39.8% 66.3% (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) Report (Outcome) 1.1.1.a. Male (+) 44.1% 74.0% 35.7% 48.3% 1.1.1.b. Female (+) 44.5% 74.6% 42.7% 57.2% 1.1.2. Prevalence of children 6-23 months Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. receiving a minimum acceptable diet (Not Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 9.6% 32.0% 16.6% 51.9% Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final Report survey) (Outcome) 1.1.2.a. Male (+) 10.2% 27.3% 13.2% 48.4% 1.1.2.b. Female (+) 8.9% 23.8% 19.8% 83.2% 1.1.3. Women’s Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS): Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. Mean number of food groups consumed by Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data women of reproductive age (15–49 years) (Not (+) 3.4 5.0 4.2 84.0% Report Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) Waiting Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. for Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data 1.1.4. Percentage of women who consume food detailed Report rich in iron (Cumulative) (FFPIB Standard (+) 0 35% results Outcome) from WDDS indicators Outputs Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. 1.1.5. Percentage of households surveyed who Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data can give at least 2 reasons why access to health Report services is important for children under 5 and for (+) 82.8% 92.8% 83.6% 90.1% women of child bearing age including adolescent girls (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) 1.1.6. Number of children under five (0-59 Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through months) reached by nutrition-specific Routine Monitoring Systems interventions through USG-supported nutrition (+) 0 69,196 68,041 98.3% programs (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required) (Output) Sex 1.1.6.a. Male (+) 0 31,069 30,550 98.3% 1.1.7.b. Female (+) 0 38,127 37,491 98.3% Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 0 Intervention Type Number of children under five whose parents/caretakers received BCC interventions for (+) 0 56,165 48,531 86.4% essential IYCF behaviors Received vitamin A supplementation in the past 6 (+) 0 0 - months Received zinc supplementation during episode of (+) 0 0 - diarrhea Received Multiple Micronutrient Powder (MNP) (+) 0 0 - supplementation Admitted for treatment for SAM (+) 0 0 - Admitted for treatment of MAM (+) 0 0 - Received direct food assistance of (+) 0 13,031 20,865 160.1% fortified/specalized food products Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 - Intermediate Result 1.2: 14,500 Mother-child units have accessed quality community and facility-based health, WASH and nutrition services Outcomes 1.2.1. Percentage of ODF certified villages that Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through maintain their status 1 year after certification (Not (+) 0% 50.0% 49% 98.2% Routine Monitoring Systems Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) 1.2.2. Percentage of targeted children who Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through consume locally fortified complementary foods Beneficiary-based Sample Survey (eg. Misola GRET Flour) at least four times in the (+) 0% 43.1% 862.0% 5% last month (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) 1.2.3. Percent of births in the last 24 months Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. receiving at least 4 antenatal care (ANC) visits Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 47.9% 71.0% 62.1% 87.5% during pregnancy (Not Cumulative) (CRS Report Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) 1.2.4 Percentage of targeted children suffering Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through from acute malnutrition who received a home visit 80% Beneficiary-based Sample Survey (+) 0% 100% 125.0% by a community health worker or lead mother (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) 1.2.5. Percentage of targeted women/men Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through receiving 1000 Days Approach messages and can Beneficiary-based Sample Survey 40% cite at least 2 components/actions pertaining to the (+) 0 95.1% 118.9% 80% 1,000-day approach Disaggregated by sex (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) 8% 1.2.5.a Male (+) 0 NA NA NA 32% 1.2.5.b Famale (+) 0 95% 118.9% 80% 1.2.6. Percent of children under 5 years old with Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. diarrhea treated with Oral Rehydration Therapy Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 80.2% 94.2% 76.1% 80.8% (ORT) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid- Report Term & final survey) (Outcome) 1.2.6.a. Male (+) 80.8% 85.5% 76.4% 89.4% 1.2.6.b. Female (+) 79.5% 84.1% 75.7% 90.0% Outputs 25 Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through 1.2.7. Number of pump repairers trained (Annual) (+) 0 15 38 760.0% Routine Monitoring Systems (CRS Output) 05 1.2.8. Number of people gaining access to a basic Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through an improved drinking water source service as a Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 12,500 20,629 165.0% result of USG assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Output) 1.2.8.a. urban Male (+) 0 6,375 10,211 160.2% 1.2.8.b. rural Female (+) 0 6,125 10,418 170.1% 1.2.8.c. Urbain - 0 1.2.8.d. Rural 12,500 20,629 165.0% Disaggregates Not Available - 0 1.2.9. Number of people trained in child health Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through and nutrition through USG-supported programs Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 11,650 8,798 75.5% (Not Cumulative) (FFP) (Annual) Required) (Output) 12.9.a. By type of people - health professionals (+) 0 - 0 - primary health care workers (+) 0 - 10 - community health workers (+) 0 11,650 8,702 74.7% - volunteers (+) 0 - 0 - non-health personnel (+) 0 - 86 1.2.9.b. Sex - Male (+) 0 3,495 780 22.3% - Female (+) 0 8,155 8,018 98.3% 1.2.10. Number of primary school students trained Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through 200 in improved water, sanitation and hygiene (+) 0 12,407 49.6% Routine Monitoring Systems 25000 practices (Annual) (CRS Output) - Male (+) 0 20,000 6,845 27.4% - Female (+) 0 5,000 5,562 22.2% 1.2.11. Number of schools with improved sanitary facilities (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) (+) 0 (IEE) 1.2.12. Number of school latrines built or rehabilitated according to EGSSAA standards (+) 0 (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) (Green) (IEE) 1.2.13. Number of health clinics established Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through according to EGSSAA standards (Cumulative) (+) 0 9 4 44.4% Routine Monitoring Systems (CRS Annual) (Output) (IEE) 1.2.14. Number of communities certified as “open Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through defecation free” (ODF) as a result of USG Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 30 100 333.3% assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual Standard (Output) - Kantche district (+) 0 20 44 219.2% - Mayahi district (+) 0 10 56 565.7% Strategic Objective 2: 73,700 Vulnerable households have increased the production and consumption of food for nutrition and income Intermediate Result 2.1: 73,700 Households have increased and diversified the production of more nutritious foods for consumption and income Outcomes 2.1.1. Number of micro-nutrient varieties adopted (+) 0 Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through by farmers (Cumulative) (FFPIB Standards 9 9 100.0% Routine Monitoring Systems Outcome) 2.1.2. Percent of targeted producers who continue Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through to practice bio-reclamation of degraded land Beneficiary-based Sample Survey 80% (BDL) for micro-dense food production one year (+) 0% 38.90% 77.8% 50% following training (FFPIB Standard Outcome) (disaggregated by sex) (Cumulative) 2.1.2.a Male (+) 0% 2.5% 77% 3082.9% 2.1.2.b Female (+) 0% 47.5% 0% 0.0% 2.1.3. Percent of vegetable producers who adopt (+) 30% Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through improved marketing techniques (Cumulative) (+) 0% 100% 200.0% 50% Beneficiary-based Sample Survey (FFPIB Standard Outcome) (+) 30% 2.1.3.a Male (+) 0% 100% 212.8% 47% (+) 30% 2.1.3.b Female (+) 0% 100% 243.9% 41% Outputs Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through 2.1.4. Number of beneficiaries trained in Routine Monitoring Systems improved livestock management disaggregated by (+) 0 73 108 147.9% sex (FFP Annual monitoring indicator) (Annual) 2.1.4.a Male (+) 0 4 59 1616.4% 2.1.4.b Female (+) 0 69 49 70.7% 2.1.5. Number of Hectares restored through small scale irrigation infrastructure as result of USG (+) 0 assistance (Disaggregated by existence of MOU or not) (Cumulative) (CRS Output) (IEE) 2.1.5.a. With MOU (+) 0 2.1.5.b. Without MOU (+) 0 2.1.6. Number of individuals who have received Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through USG-supported short-term agricultural sector 0 Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 19,620 72.5% productivity or food security training (Not 27,075 Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Output) 2.1.6.a. By type of individual - Producers (+) 0 25,626 19,461 75.9% - People in government (+) 0 213 18 8.5% - People in private sector firms (+) 0 1,236 0 0.0% - People in civil society (NGOs, CBOs, CSOs…) (+) 0 0 141 2.1.6.b. Sex - Male (+) 0 8,807 5,767 65.5% - Female (+) 0 18,268 13,853 75.8% Inputs 2.1.7. Number of improved micro-nutrient varieties promoted by the program (FFPIB (+) 0 Standard Input) (Cumulative) Intermediate Result 2.2: 47,100 Households have adopted improved varieties of staple crops for consumption and income Outcomes 2.2.1. Percent of farmers that used at least one Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. improved variety of macro-nutrient dense foods in Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data 96% the most recent season (overall and disaggregated (+) 8.7% 20.9% 69.7% Report 30% by sex) (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey, Annually) (Outcome) 2.2.1.a Men (+) 8.6% 22.5% 25.6% 113.9% 2.2.1.b Women (+) 10.0% 26.1% 9.6% 36.7% 2.2.2. Number of macro-nutrient varieties adopted by farmers (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) (+) 0 (Outcome) 2.2.3. Number of farmers and others who have Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through applied new improved technologies or Routine Monitoring Systems management practices as a result of with USG (+) 0 18,512 10,270 55.5% assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) 2.2.3.a.New/Continuing - New (+) 0 - 3,119 - Continuing (+) 0 18,512 7,151 38.6% - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 - - 2.2.3.b. Sex - Male (+) 0 17,346 - 0.0% - Female (+) 0 1,166 - 0.0% - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 - 10270 Value Chain Actor Type Producers (e.g., farmers, ranchers, and other primary sector producers of food and non-food crops, livestock products, wild fisheries, 0 aquaculture, agro-forestry, and natural resource- based products) Others (e.g., individual processors (but not firms), rural entrepreneurs, traders, natural resource 0 managers, extension agents). Disaggregates Not Available 10270 Technology Type Crop genetics 0 Cultural practices 0 Livestock management 0 Wild fishing technique/gear 0 Aquaculture management 0 Pest management 0 Disease management 0 Soil-related fertility and conservation 0 Irrigation 0 Water management-none-irrigation based 0 Climate mitigation or adaptation 0 Marketing and distribution 0 Post-harvest - handling & storage 0 Value-added processing 0 Other 0 Total w/one or more improved 10270 technology/practice Disaggregates Not Available 0 10270 2.2.4. Number of for-profit private enterprises, Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through producers organizations, water users associations, Routine Monitoring Systems women's groups, trade and business associations, and community-based organizations (CBOs) that (+) 0 1,264 2,170 171.7% applied new improved organizational-level technologies or management practices with USG assistance 2.2.4.a. Type of organization - for-profit private enterprises (+) 0 672 1,992 296.4% - producers organizations (+) 0 16 92 575.0% - water users associations (+) 0 - - - women's groups (+) 0 576 86 14.9% - trade and business associations (+) 0 - - - community-based organizations (CBOs) (+) 0 - - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - 2.2.4.b. New/Continuing - New (+) 0 - - - Continuing (+) 0 1,264 2,170 171.7% - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 - - Inputs 2.2.5. Number of improved macro-nutrient varieties promoted by the program (Cumulative) (+) 0 (FFPIB Standard) (Input) Intermediate Result 2.3: 19,600 Households have managed environmentally responsible integrated crop production systems Outcome 2.3.1. Percentage of farmers who used at least 2 sustainable agriculture (crop/livestock and/or NRM) practices and/or technologies in the past 12 (+) 0.3% 10.0% months (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) 2.3.2. Number of hectares under improved Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through technologies or management practices as a result 298 Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 2,586.1 119.8% of USG assistance (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual 2,159 RiA) (Outcome) 2.3.2.a. Technology type 0 - crop genetics (including nutritional enhancement) (+) 0 - 1,874 - pest management (+) 0 0 - 0 - disease management (+) 0 - 6 96 - soil-related (fertility and conservation, including tillage) (+) 0 - 6 38 - irrigation (+) 0 112.8 102.6% 110 - water management (+) 0 0 - - climate mitigation (+) 0 163 - - climate adaptation (+) 0 0 2,473.3 - other (+) 0 0 - 298 - total w/one or more improved technology (+) 0 2586.1 119.8% 2,159 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 - 2.3.2.b. New/Continuig - New (+) 0 0 112.8 298 - Continuing (+) 0 2,473 114.6% 2,159 - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 - 2.3.2.c. Sex 179 - Male (+) 0 - 1,446 119 - Female (+) 0 - 713 - Joint (+) 0 0 - - Association-applied (+) 0 0 - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 0 0 2,586.1 Outputs 2.3.3. Number of hectares restored through soil Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through conservation as a result of USG assistance (+) 0 2,200 2,146 97.5% Routine Monitoring Systems (Annual) (CRS Output) 2.3.3.a. By type of technique - banquettes/tranchees (+) 0 660 644 97.5% - demi-lunes (+) 0 660 644 97.5% - zai (+) 0 880 858 97.5% Intermediate Result 2.4: 50,000 households have increased sources of revenue Outcomes 2.4.1.Percent of targeted households who report Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through 70% increased sources revenue (Cumulative) (CRS (+) 0 92.5% 185.0% Beneficiary-based Sample Survey 50% Outcome) (Annually) 2.4.2 Percentage of farmers who used financial Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. services in the past 12 months (Cumulative) (FFP (+) 3.6% 14.3% 17.3% 120.6% Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data Baseline & final Survey) (Outcome) Report 2.4.2.a. Male 3.8% 13.2% 17.8% 134.9% 2.4.2.b. Female 2.0% 6.9% 16.1% 231.8% 2.4.3. Percentage of farmers who practiced the Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. value chain activities promoted by the project in Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data the past 12 months (overall and disaggregated by (+) 28.9% 39.6% 42.0% 106.0% Report sex) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final Survey) (Outcome) 2.4.3.a. Male (+) 29.8% 52.7% 43.4% 82.4% 2.4.3.b. Female (+) 21.8% 38.5% 36.6% 94.9% Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. 2.4.4. Percentage of farmers who used improved Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data storage practices in the past 12 months, (overall 37% (+) 25.0% 47.1% 85.6% Report and disaggregated by sex) (Cumulative) (FFP 55% Baseline & final Survey) (Outcome) 2.4.4.a Male (+) 25.3% 55.7% 53.1% 95.4% 2.4.4.b. Female (+) 22.5% 48.4% 58.3% 120.5% 2.4.5. Gross margin per hectare, animal or cage of selected product (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual (+) RiA) (Outcome) 2.4.5.a. Cowpea (1) Hectares planted (for crops); (+) - Male (+) 934 - Female (+) 112 - Joint (+) 144 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (2) Total Production (+) - Male (+) 981 - Female (+) 48 - Joint (+) 199 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (3) Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) - Male (+) 39,880 - Female (+) 1,178 - Joint (+) 10,182 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (4) Total Quantity (Volume) of Sales (+) - Male (+) 226 - Female (+) 12 - Joint (+) 17 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (5) Total Purchased Input Costs (USD) (+) - Male (+) 249,173 - Female (+) 10,669 - Joint (+) 77,757 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - 2.4.5.b. Groundnut (1) Hectares planted (for crops); Number of animals (for milk, eggs); or Area (ha) of ponds or (+) Number of crates (for fish) - Male (+) 159 - Female (+) 24 - Joint (+) 21 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (2) Total Production (+) - Male (+) 136 - Female (+) 12 - Joint (+) 52 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (3) Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) - Male (+) 6,007 - Female (+) - - Joint (+) 4,014 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - (4) Total Quantity (Volume) of Sales (+) - Male (+) 147 - Female (+) - - Joint (+) 10 - Association-applied (+) - Disaggregates Not Available (+) (5) Total Purchased Input Costs (USD) (+) - Male (+) 107,285 - Female (+) 11,013 - Joint (+) 45,755 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - - Joint (+) - - Association-applied (+) - Disaggregates Not Available (+) 2.4.6. Value of incremental sales (collected at farm level) attributed to USG implementation (+) (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) 2.4.6.a. Cowpea Volume of sales (mt) (+) Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) - Male (+) 39,880 - Female (+) 1,178 - Joint (+) 10,182 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - 2.4.6.b. Groundnut Volume of sales (mt) (+) Total Value of Sales (USD) (+) - Male (+) 226 - Female (+) 12 - Joint (+) 17 - Association-applied (+) - - Disaggregates Not Available (+) - Outputs 2.4.7. Number of farmers who practiced the value Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through chain activities promoted by the project in the past Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 5,516 1,714 31.1% 12 months (Not Cumulative) (FFP) (Annual) (Output) Sex 2.4.7.a. Male (+) 0 2,758 757 27.4% 2.4.7.b. Female (+) 0 2,758 957 34.7% Value Chain Stages Use of improved inputs 0 24 Post-harvest handling 552 241 43.7% Value-added processing 2,758 420 15.2% Marketing/trading 2,206 1029 46.6% Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 Strategic Objective 3: 532 Target communities have improved integrated disaster risk management Intermediate Result 3.1: 532 Community-based early warning systems are integrated into the national EWS Outcomes 3.1.1. Percentage of (106) SCAP-RU's operating Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through (+) 0 85% 36% 42.8% (Annually) (CRS Outcome) Routine Monitoring Systems Outputs Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through 3.1.2. Percentage of SCAP-RU's whose members (+) 0 90% 79.6% 88.4% Routine Monitoring Systems are 25% women (Annual) (CRS Output) Intermediate Result 3.2: 479 Targeted communities have managed disaster responses Outcome 3.2.1. Percentage of targeted SCAP-RU promptly Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through (within 5 days) reporting local emergency Routine Monitoring Systems 85% monitoring data to the department level on a (+) 0 7.8% 15.7% 50% regular basis (11 months out of 12) (Annual) (CRS Output) 3.2.2. Number of communities with disaster early Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through warning and response (EWR) systems working Routine Monitoring Systems (+) 0 542 47 8.7% effectively (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) 3.2.3. Number of people trained in disaster Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through preparedness as a result of USG assistance (Not (+) 0 14 14 100% Routine Monitoring Systems Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) 3.2.3.a. Male (+) 0 10 10 103.5% 3.2.3.b. Female (+) 0 4 4 92.2%

3.2.4. Number of vulnerable households Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through benefiting directly from USG interventions (Not (+) 0 86,700 70,182 80.9% Routine Monitoring Systems Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required) (Output) 3.2.4.a. Adult Female no Adult Male (FNM) (+) 0 4,075 3,299 80.9% 3.2.4.b. Adult Male no Adult Female (MNF) (+) 0 4,335 3,509 80.9% 3.24.c. Male and Female Adults (M&F) (+) 0 78,030 63,164 80.9% 3.3.4.d Child No Adults (CNA) (+) 0 260 211 80.9% 3.2.4.e. New (+) 0 2,169 1,257 58.0% 3.2.4.f. Continuing (+) 0 84,531 68,925 81.5% Cross-cutting Gender Objective 1: Gender roles expanded to enhance sustainable results CC IR1.1: 1176 Target communities have improved gender equity Outcomes CC 1.1.1. Percentage of leaders in the community Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through who are women (Cumulative)(CRS (+) 0% 40% 26.3% 65.8% Routine Monitoring Systems Annual)(Outcome) CC 1.1.2. Percentage of currently married women Annual Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outcomes through age 15-49 reporting that she makes decisions Beneficiary-based Sample Survey either by herself or jointly with her spouse (+) 10.0% 17% 77.2% 454.1% (disaggregated by 15-20; and 21-49) (Cumulative) (FFP Standard) (CRS Outcome) CC 1.1.2.a. Women 15-20 years old (+) 10.0% 17% 66.70% 392.4% CC 1.1.2.b. Women 21-49 years old (+) 10.0% 17% 76.70% 451.2% Outputs CC 1.1.3. Percentage Proportion of female Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through participants in USG-assisted programs designed to Routine Monitoring Systems increase access to productive economic resources 25% (+) 0 84.2% 93.6% (assets, credit, income or employment) are female 90% (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required) (Output) CC 1.1.3.a. Age: 10-29 (+) 0 64.3% 0.0% CC 1.1.3.b. Age: 30 and over (+) 0 25.7% 0.0% Cross-cutting IR 2.1: 22,800 Women and men have increased basic literacy and numeracy skills Outcomes CC 2.1.1. Percentage of literacy class students Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through who achieve functional literacy (Not (+) 0 60% 40.5% 67.4% Routine Monitoring Systems Cumulative)(CRS Annual) (Outcome) CC 2.1.1.a. Male (+) 0 72.9% 48.7% 66.8% CC 2.1.1.b. Female (+) 0 34.8% 40.2% 115.8% CC 2.1.2 Number of literacy teachers trained (+) 0 (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Output) Cross-Cutting IR 3.1: Governance of 532 targeted communities and national structures strengthened Outcomes CC 3.1.1. Percentage of villages with a Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through functioning development committee (having 85% Routine Monitoring Systems (+) ND 24.5% 61.2% completed 2 of the 4 functioning criteria) 40% (Cumulative)(CRS Annual) (Outcome) Output CC 3.1.2 Number of government extension Monitoring of Beneficiary level Outputs/Outcomes through services staff trained (Not Cumulative) (FFP (+) NA 158 766 484.8% Routine Monitoring Systems Annual Standard (Output) Trigger Indicators TI 1 Percent deficit of crop production (Annually) (-) NA 51% TI 2 Acute malnutrition among children 6-59 (-) NA 5% months (MUAC < 5%) (Monthly) TI 3 Percent deficit of pasture (Annually) (-) NA 51% TI 4 Number of meals per day (Threshold: >3) (+) NA >3 33% non TI 5 Timing and quantity of population movement (-) NA seasonal (Annually) migration TI 6 Percent of households per village whose (-) NA 25% fields are ravaged by crickets (Threshold:25%) Contextual Indicators CI 1. Prevalence of poverty: percent of people Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. living on less than $1.25/day (Not Cumulative) Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (-) 62.6% 45% 58.0% 128.9% (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) Report (Impact) CI 2. Mean depth of poverty (Not Cumulative) Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (-) 23.3 12.0% 20.8% 173.3% Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (Impact) Report CI 3. Per capita expenditures (as a proxy for Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. income) of USG targeted beneficiaries Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 1.37 2.50 1.40 56.0% (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final Report survey) (Impact) CI 4. Percent of households with soap and water Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. at a hand washing station commonly used by Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 15.1% 40.0% 16.9% 42.3% family members (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid- Report Term & final survey) (Outcome) CI 5. Percent of HHs using an improved sanitation Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. facility (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & (+) 5.5% 12.0% 7.5% 62.5% Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data final survey) (Outcome) Report CI 6. Percentage of children under age five who Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. had diarrhea in the prior two weeks (Cumulative) Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (-) 14.0% 5.0% 27.2% 18.4% (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) Report (Outcome) CI 6a. Male (-) 15.2% 2.7% 29.6% 9.2% CI 6b. Female (-) 12.6% 2.3% 24.9% 9.1% CI. 7 Percent of households using an improved Niger Performance Evaluations indicator estimates. drinking water source or appropriately treated Evaluation and Learning (EVELYN) Mechanism. Endline data (+) 3.3% 10.0% 22.7% 227.0% water source (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Report Mid-Term & final survey) (Outcome) FFP FY 2017 STANDARDIZED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE QUESTIONNAIRE (SAPQ)

Purpose: The SAPQ template is designed to assist the awardees who do not enter data into SAPQ directly from the project office. The SAPQ template can be used to gather data from the project office and then report into FFPMIS. The tables in this template look simillar to the SAPQ. FFP hopes that this will minimize the level of data entry and data transfer error.

Definition of Fields in the SAPQ The text below describes the overall structure and definition of basic terms in the FFP SAPQ indicator templates. The spreadsheet is organized by tab. The tabs contain templates for individual FFP annual monitoring indicators (organized by indicator number). Scroll through tabs by using the arrow buttons at the bottom left-hand corner of the screen.

The first section below provides guidance on annual monitoring indicator data entry and the second provides general data entry notes.

Annual Monitoring Indicators (gray tabs) FFP development project awardees are required to report data on FFP annual monitoring indicators each year in the SAPQ. These indicators are collected at participant level through routine monitoring systems or participant surveys.

The "Start of Program Value" is the value for the indicator at the begining of the implementation in year 1 of the FFP-funded project activities. For the output indicators, the start of program value is often zero. For the the outcome indicators the awardees do not necessarily have to conduct a survey to gather start of program value. Secondary data (if available), and qualitative methods can be used to collect and report start of program value.

The "Start of Program Year" is the year that the FFP-funded project is awarded.

In the column labeled "Target", the FFP-funded project should enter the expected indicator values for the corresponding reporting year. Target values for individual reporting years plus overall LOA are required for the total indicator value, and for all disaggregate categories. If changes to targets are needed, Awardees should seek approval from the FFP AOR during the PREP approval process and prior to entering the new targets in the SAPQ module in FFPMIS.

"Actual" is the FFP-funded project's indicator values that were achieved for the corresponding reporting year. Only indicator values that occurred as a result of FFP-funded intervention activities should be entered in the SAPQ. The actual values should be entered in the SAPQ at the end of each reporting year for every disaggregate category (e.g., "Sex" and “Duration”).

The "Life of Project" is the FFP-funded project’s expected annual indicators values at the end of the project. Only indicator values that occur as a result of FFP-funded intervention activities should be entered in the SAPQ.

Awardees must include a "Deviation Narrative" for all indicators where the actual value is 10 percent greater than or less than the target value for the reporting year. If the indicator value is expressed as a percentage, a deviation narrative is required when the difference between the reporting year target and achievement is greater or less than 10 percentage points. If the indicator value is expressed as a number, a deviation narrative is required when the difference between reporting year target and achievement is greater or less than 10 percent. The deviation narrative must specifically state enabling factors and intervention activities that likely contributed to exceeding target values, or describe problems encountered and suggested solutions where projects fell short of targets.

Pre-FY 2012 Awardees should upload a separate Word document titled “Deviation Narratives” as part of their ARRs.

Awardees may include "Comments" to provide additional information related to collecting or reporting data for the corresponding indicator. Notes about Data Entry Data entry in the SAPQ is permitted in the white rows.

For annual monitoring indicators, target and actual indicator data are not added across project years.

The SAPQ module in FFPMIS will NOT allow submissions of SAPQ reports with data entry errors, although the user will be able to save data entered into the module. Before submitting the SAPQ report in FFPMIS, data entry errors must be resolved.

Data Not Available (DNA) may be used when setting targets in the Activity's first year of implementation. After the first year of implementation, FFP awards are required to enter indicator data for each disaggregation category under the actual column for the current reporting year and under the target columns for future years. Start of Start of 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2020 LOA LOA Indicator/Disaggregation Program Program Target Actual Target Actual Target Target Target Actual Value Year

9a (EG 3.2-17): Number of farmers and others who have applied improved technologies or 0 18,512 10,270 0 0 0 0 68,942 0 management practices with USG assistance

Producers (e.g. farmers, fishers, pastoralist, other 0 18,512 10,270 0 0 0 0 68,942 0 primary sector producers) Technology Type 0 18,512 10,270 0 0 0 0 68,942 0 Crop genetics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cultural practices 0 0 0 0 0 0 Livestock Management 0 77 0 0 0 0 Wild Fishing Technique/Gear 0 0 0 0 0 0 Aquaculture Management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pest management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disease management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Soil-related fertility and conservation 0 3,119 0 0 0 0 Irrigation 0 2,547 0 0 0 0 Water management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Climate mitigation 0 3,027 0 0 0 0 Climate adaptation 0 0 0 0 0 0 Marketing and Distribution 0 0 0 0 0 0 Post-harvest Handling & Storage 0 0 0 0 0 0 Value-Added Processing 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total w/one or more improved technology/practice 18,512 10,270 0 0 0 68,942 Disaggregates Not Available 18,512 0 0 0 68,942 Sex 0 18,512 10,270 0 0 0 0 68,942 0 Male 17,346 6,671 0 0 0 44,782 Female 1,166 3,599 0 0 0 24,160 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 0 0 0 Others (e.g.) individual processors (but not firms), rural entrepreneurs, traders, natural resource 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 managers) Technology Type 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crop genetics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cultural practices 0 0 0 0 0 0 Livestock Management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wild Fishing Technique/Gear 0 0 0 0 0 0 Aquaculture Management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pest management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disease management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Soil-related fertility and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 Irrigation 0 0 0 0 0 0 Water management 0 0 0 0 0 0 Climate mitigation 0 0 0 0 0 0 Climate adaptation 0 0 0 0 0 0 Marketing and Distribution 0 0 0 0 0 0 Post-harvest Handling & Storage 0 0 0 0 0 0 Value-Added Processing 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total w/one or more improved technology/practice 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 0 0 Sex 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Male 0 0 0 0 0 0 Female 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 0 0 0

Deviation Narrative With view of sustainability the project team stopped seed fairs which was the approach used in previous years for diffusion of improved seed varieties. Instead farmers are encouraged to procure improved seeds through the local agro dealers set up by PASAM TAI with ferme Amate. For the 2017 agriculture season the 42 seed agro-dealers sold 5,382 Kg of seeds for 4,235,000FCFA (US$7,000). This arrangement was overlooked when setting the target for FY17.

Comment

No Targets for this indicator in FY2018

Data Entry Instructions 1) Under the "Producers" disaggregation category: a) Under the “Technology Type” disaggregation category: i) Enter the number of producers who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Total with one or more improved technology/practice.” ii) Enter the number of producers where improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance were applied for each “technology type” disaggregate. If the number of producers where a type of technology/practice was applied (e.g. Pest management) exceeds the value of the total number of producers with one or more technology type, a data entry error will occur in the SAPQ module in the FFPMIS. In this spreadsheet, this is indicated by the appearance of an error message. Before submitting the SAPQ report in FFPMIS, the data entry error must be resolved. iii) If it is not clear which technology or practice disaggregate category best captures the technology or practice being applied, enter the number of producers where an improved technology or management practice was applied in “Other.” iv) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by technology type at the time it was collected, enter the total number of producers who applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Disaggregates Not Available.” b) Under the “Sex” disaggregation category: i) Enter the number of male producers who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Male.” ii) Enter the number of female producers who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Female.” iii) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by sex at the time it was collected, enter the total number of producers who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Disaggregates Not Available.”

2) Under the "Others" disaggregation category: a) Under the “Technology Type” disaggregation category: i) Enter the number of farmers in the "Others" category who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Total with one or more improved technology/practice.” ii) Enter the number of farmers in the "Others" category where improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance were applied for each “technology type” disaggregate. If the number of producers where a type of technology/practice was applied (e.g. Pest management) exceeds the value of the total number of producers with one or more technology type, a data entry error will occur in the SAPQ module in the FFPMIS. In this spreadsheet, this is indicated by the appearance of an error message. Before submitting the SAPQ report in FFPMIS, the data entry error must be resolved. iii) If it is not clear which technology or practice disaggregate category best captures the technology or practice being applied, enter the number of farmers in the "Others" category where an improved technology or management practice was applied in “Other.” iv) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by technology type at the time it was collected, enter the total number of farmers in the "Others" category who applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Disaggregates Not Available.” b) Under the “Sex” disaggregation category: i) Enter the number of male farmers in the "Others" category who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Male.” ii) Enter the number of female farmers in the "Others" category who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Female.” iii) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by sex at the time it was collected, enter the total number of farmers in the "Others" category who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance in “Disaggregates Not Available.” NOTE: A) The totals in the "Technology Type" and "Sex" disaggregation categories within the "Producers" must equal; and totals in the "Technology Type" and "Sex" disaggregation categories within the "Others" disaggregation categories must be equal.

B) If the totals in the "Technology Type" and "Sex" disaggregation categories are not equal, a data entry error will occur in the SAPQ module in FFPMIS. In this spreadsheet, this is indicated by the appearance an error message in the black row. Before submitting the SAPQ report in FFPMIS, the data entry error must be resolved.

Start of Start of 2017 2017 2018 2019 2020 LOA LOA Indicator/Disaggregation Program Program Target Actual Target Target Target Target Actual Value Year

11a (EG 3.2-1): Number of individuals who have received USG-supported short-term agricultural sector 0 27,075 19,620 16,391 0 0 121,399 0 productivity or food security training

Producers (e.g. farmers, fishers, pastoralists, ranchers) Sex 0 25,626 19,461 200 0 0 103,307 0 Male 8,336 5,755 10 0 0 34,354 Female 17,290 13,706 190 0 0 68,953 Disaggregates Not Available People in government (e.g. policy makers, extension workers) Sex 0 213 18 0 0 0 245 0 Male 69 1 0 0 0 81 Female 144 17 0 0 0 164 Disaggregates Not Available People in private sector firms (e.g. processors, service providers, manufacturers) Sex 0 1,236 0 106 0 0 1,342 0 Male 402 0 5 0 0 446 Female 834 0 101 0 0 896 Disaggregates Not Available People in civil society (e.g. NGOs, CBOs, research and academic organizations) Sex 0 0 141 16,085 0 0 16,505 0 Male 0 130 804 0 0 5,489 Female 0 11 15,281 0 0 11,016 Disaggregates Not Available

Deviation Narrative A large number of Agricultural productivity training is conducted by the community trained Private Service Providers (PSP)with Savings and Internal Lending Communities group members. However, PSPs do not have the means to report and capture the number of group members they trained. This indicator remains grossly underreported in the project system as there is no practical ways to capture these trainings formally.

Comment

Data Entry Instructions 1) Under the "Producers" disaggregation category: a) Enter the number of male producers who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Male." b) Enter the number of female producers who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Female." c) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by sex at the time it was collected, enter the total number of producers who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Disaggregates Not Available."

2) Under the "People in government" disaggregation category: a) Enter the number of males in government who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Male." b) Enter the number of females in government who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Female." c) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by sex at the time it was collected, enter the total number of people in government who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Disaggregates Not Available."

3) Under the "People in private sector firms" disaggregation category: a) Enter the number of males in private sector firms who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Male." b) Enter the number of females in private sector firms who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Female." c) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by sex at the time it was collected, enter the total number of people in private sector firms who received short- term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Disaggregates Not Available."

4) Under the "People in civil society" disaggregation category: a) Enter the number of males in civil society who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Male." b) Enter the number of females in civil society who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Female." c) If data for this indicator was not disaggregated by sex at the time it was collected, enter the total number of people in civil society who received short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training in "Disaggregates Not Available." 2017 Template to Gather Data for Unique and Direct Participants, Specialized Food Products and Resources by Program Area and Element Unique and Direct Participants

Unique and Direct Participants

2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 Age Breakdown Sex Planned Reached Planned Reached Planned Reached Planned Reached 0-23 months Male 16,958 10,940 13,633 7,147 23,902 0 Female 18,371 24,869 14,769 13,718 24,877 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sub-total 35,329 35,809 28,402 20,865 48,779 0 0 0 24-59 months Male 10,024 16,990 8,059 22136 14,359 0 Female 10,859 14,435 8,730 25040 7,037 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sub-total 20,883 31,425 16,789 47,176 21,396 0 0 0 5-17.9 years Male 62,027 17,629 52,495 11038 1,940 0 Female 66,625 19,379 56,299 15802 2,019 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 2,680 0 0 0 0 Sub-total 128,652 39,688 108,794 26,840 3,959 0 0 0 18-49.9 years Male 123,484 96,156 126,705 43696 113,244 0 Female 138,456 160,844 123,756 81819 233,680 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 27018 0 0 Sub-total 261,940 257,000 250,461 152,533 346,924 0 0 0 Over 50 years Male 0 0 0 10012 0 0 0 Female 0 0 0 7009 0 0 0 Disaggregates Not Available 0 0 0 1254 0 0 0 Sub-total 0 0 0 18,275 0 0 0 0 Total 446,804 363,922 404,446 265,689 421,058 0 0 0

Data Entry Instructions 1) Under each Planned/Reached column (e.g. 2016 Planned, 2016 Reached): a. Enter the total numbers of direct participants planned and reached that received USG assistance disaggregated by: i. Age (e.g. children 0-23 months, 24-59 month, 5-17.9 years, 18-49, and over 50 years.) ii. Sex (Female, Male), Disaggregates not Available

Note: Sub-total and Total of each FY planned and reached will automatically calculate.

Definitions For the purposes of reporting, project participants are all individuals, households, communities, institutions, and groups that receive significant goods, services, and/or other support as a direct result of project interventions. In cases where an intervention employs a deliberate strategy of training a small number of individuals to deliver services or pass knowledge directly to other individuals or organizations (e.g., cascade training), both 1) those who are directly trained by project personnel and 2) the individuals who directly benefit from the services or training delivered by the project-trained individuals or organizations as part of that service delivery or knowledge-transfer plan are considered direct participants.

In the case of food rations, project participants include the individual recipient in the case of individual rations, and the recipient plus his/her family members in the case of family rations. ARR Program Area/Element Information

Instructions:

Please select your Program area/element and data that is applicable to your reporting requirements. If you have program area/element that is funded via Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust, you will have to create a different record for data entry. To use any of the below tables for an additional Program Area/Element, copy this entire sheet into a new tab.

Do you distribute specalized food products? Yes No

Specialized Food Products Add New Delete 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 Commodity Participant Planned Reached Planned Reached Planned Reached Planned Reached Children 0 to 23 months Male 7,147 Children 0 to 23 months Female 13,718 Children 24 to 59 months Male

Children 24 to 59 months Female

Other Male

Other Female

Total Female 0 0 0 7,147 0 0 0 0 Total Male 0 0 0 13,718 0 0 0 0

Participant Data Information For each specialized food product commodity, Awardees must specify the number of planned and reached project participants disaggregated by sex (male and female) and age during the reporting Fiscal Year (FY), as well as the number of planned participants for the next three FYs .

Data Entry Instructions 1) In the question, "Do you distribute specailized food products?", click yes or no.

2) If "yes," click "Add New" for each specialized food commodity. a. Enter Participant Female information for that commodity under each Planned/Reached column (e.g. 2016 Planned, 2016 Reached), enter the total numbers of direct participants planned and reached. b. Enter outyear targets, as applicable.

3) Click "Add New" for each specialized food commodity. a. Enter Participant Male information for that commodity under each Planned/Reached column (e.g. 2016 Planned, 2016 Reached), enter the total numbers of direct participants planned and reached. b. Enter outyear targets, as applicable.

Note: Insert rows as needed to include programmed commodities. Total of Sex Male and Female disaggregates in each FY planned and reached will automatically calculate.

Commodity Add New Delete Commodity MT

Total 0

Instructions For each commodity distributed in the FY, Awardees must specify the metric tons.

Data Entry Instructions 1) Click "Add New" for each commodity. a. Enter metric tons for that commodity.

Note: Insert rows as needed to include all programmed commodities under this particular Program Area/Element. Total will automatically calculate.

Resources by Program Area/Element ITSH ($) $0 OCO ($) $0

CDF ($) $0 BEHT ($) $0

IDA ($) $0 IFRP ($) $0

Cost Share ($) $0

Others ($) $0

Specify if there is a value in Other field CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) Program Goal: Food insecurity and malnutrition in rural households in the Maradi and Zinder regions of Niger reduced 1.0.1. Prevalence of underweight The target was set too high and the team underestimated the pace (WAZ <−2) children 0-59 months of improvement. 1 (Not Cumulative, FFP Baseline & (-) 48,9% -5.5 36,1% 43,4% 83,2% final survey, Impact) 1.0.2. Prevalence of stunted (HAZ This objective was over ambitious as it is difficult to reduce stunting <−2) children 0-59 months (Not by 10% over a 5-year period. 2 (-) 59.5% -4.5 49,5% 55,0% 90,0% Cumulative, FFP Baseline & final survey, Impact) 1.0.3. Prevalence of underweight Project interventions targeted pregnant and lactating women only (BMI<18.5kg/m2) women of not the general population of women reproductive age 15-49yr. 3 reproductive age (15-49 years) (-) 20.2% 1.1 11,3% 21,3% 53,1% May be due to method of inquiry MTE found dramatically different (Not Cumulative, FFP Baseline & rates (8.2% of women underweight achieved. final survey, Impact) 2.0.1. Prevalence of households Target may have been slightly ambitious, however overall small with moderate or severe hunger gains have been made in reducing the prevalence of severe hunger. 4 (-) 25.0% -3.7 15,0% 21,2% 70,8% (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline, Mid-Term & final survey) (Impact) Strategic Objective 1: HHs (especially pregnant and lactating women and children U5) have reduced chronic malnutrition 1.1.1. Prevalence of exclusive The 44.3% level at baseline is overestimated at close to twice the breastfeeding of children under 6 average national level. Prevalence of exclusive breast feeding, months of age (Not Cumulative) which was collected through a population based survey at the (FFP Baseline & final survey) beginning of the project was 23.3% nationwide in the DHS 5 (+) 44.3% -5.4 60,0% 39,8% 66,3% (Outcome) conducted in 2012. NGOs contested the prevalence determined by ICF the contractor for the baseline survey as the rate seemed higher than normal. UNICEF estimated the prevalence of the practice at 9% in Maradi at the time. The target of 60% set from

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 1

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) 44.3% given by BL was set too high.

It was ambitious to target 3 times improvement in MAD, however, 1.1.2. Prevalence of children 6-23 project achieved close to double increase months receiving a minimum 6 acceptable diet (Not Cumulative) (+) 9.6% 7.0 32.0% 16.6% 51.9% (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) 1.1.3. Women’s Dietary Diversity As per #3 above Project interventions targeted pregnant and Score (WDDS): Mean number of lactating women only not the general population of women food groups consumed by women reproductive age 15-49yr. Consumption of 4 out of 10 food groups 7 (+) 3.4 0.7 5,0 4.2 84.0% of reproductive age (15–49 years) was achieved in project area. (Not Cumulative) (FFP Required Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) From 2015 to 2017, PASAM-TAI consolidated gains from consecutive successful through the construction and equipment of 1.2.2. Percentage of targeted 2 flour production units and made fortification the primary children who consume locally platform for delivering micronutrients to Mother Child Units. Also, fortified complementary foods (eg. PASAM-TAI strengthened the capacity of flour production units, by 8 Misola GRET Flour) at least four (+) 0% NA 5.0% 43.1% 862.0% training of 20 women producers, supporting fairs participation and times in the last month enforcement and facilitating demand creation for fortified (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) complementary foods, all of which increase access to fortified (Outcome) foods. A total of 84 sales points were also set up in Kantché and Mayahi district to promote sales of the flour within the targeted zone. 1.2.3. Percent of births in the last Women cite distance to health center as a main constraint 9 24 months receiving at least 4 (+) 47.9% 14.2 71.0% 62.1% 87.5% preventing them from attending ANC. A barrier difficult to lift for antenatal care (ANC) visits during the scope of the project. With construction of 4 Health centers

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 2

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) pregnancy (Not Cumulative) (CRS during project implementation PASAM TAI has contributed to Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) reduce considerably distance to health center for about 40,000 women (10,000 women for each of 4 health centers built). Targeted children suffering from acute malnutrition received at least one home visit by a community health worker or lead mother. This is due to attention drawn of all field agents and supervisors to ensure the ongoing support of GMP activities and to give a better 1.2.4 Percentage of targeted focus on the type of advice given to the mother according to the children suffering from acute nutritional status of her child. malnutrition who received a home Also, Growth Monitoring and Promotion (GMP) activities, were 10 visit by a community health (+) 0% NA 80% 100% 125.0% conducted in several (over 396) sites/villages within the targeted worker or lead mother zone. (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) Additionally, a C-MAM refresher training was organized for 145 (Outcome) promotors, 1,352 volunteers, and 86 field agents specifically to enhance knowledge and understanding of C-MAM by community workers and to improve tracking of GMP activities as recommended by the MTE. With these trainings, the number of home visits being conducted have increased. 1.2.5. Percentage of targeted This great success was mentioned by EVELYN Key Findings in women/men receiving 1000 Days PASAM-TAI zone which says, "project data suggests that almost 75 Approach messages and can cite percent of targeted participants can cite some of the components of at least 2 components/actions the 1,000 days concept”. 11 (+) 0 NA 80% 95.1% 118.9% pertaining to the 1,000-day which is partly due to Adult literacy modules revision to include approach Disaggregated by sex topics on health and nutrition, with strong emphasis on the 1000 (Cumulative) (CRS days approach, agriculture, natural resource management, and Annual)(Outcome) gender. 1.2.6. Percent of children under 5 Similar to #5 Base Line level for ORT treatment seems very high. 12 (+) 80.2% -4.2 94.2% 76.1% 80.8% years old with diarrhea treated

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 3

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) with Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) (Not Cumulative) (Required FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) After project start up the PASAM-TAI team came to realize that previous development projects had trained a large number of pump repair artisans. The training design consisted in past years to 1.2.7. Number of pump repairers 13 (+) 0 NA 05 38 760.0% retrain these existing artisans in the type of pump installed by trained (Annual) (CRS Output) PASAM-TAI. Organizing the large number of artisans in cooperative/unions the WASH team trained them this year in associative life. 1.2.8. Number of people gaining Extension and construction of piped water system this year led to access to a basic an improved construction of more water fountain than expected raising the drinking water source service as a 14 (+) 0 NA 12,500 20,629 165.0% number of water point equivalent (one fountain serving 250 people result of USG assistance (Not on average). Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Output) 1.2.9. Number of people trained in With the approaching end of the project it was decided not to child health and nutrition through conduct a general refresher training of all lead mothers originally 15 USG-supported programs (Not (+) 0 NA 11,650 8,798 75.5% included in the target. Cumulative) (FFP) (Annual) Required) (Output) 1.2.10. Number of primary school This indicator seems to be under reported in the project system. In students trained in improved FY17 400 teachers were trained in delivering the school hygiene 16 water, sanitation and hygiene (+) 0 NA 25,000 12,407 49.6% curriculum and they again participated in 2 sessions of in service practices (Annual) (CRS Output) teachers training devoted to school hygiene. At an average of 30 student per teacher, at least 12,000 students were thus taught this

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 4

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) year.

Experienced proved that the project was equipped to embark on a 1.2.13. Number of health clinics large-scale infrastructure undertaking. Initial amounts budgeted for established according to EGSSAA 9 centers was grossly underestimated and supervision a time- 17 (+) 0 NA 9 4 44.4% standards (Cumulative) (CRS consuming task. To adjust to budget reality the number of health Annual) (Output) (IEE) centers was reduced from 9 to 4.

The GoN aims for the region of Maradi to become Open Defecation Free (ODF) in its entirety by the end of 2017. While this goal is ambitious and somewhat unrealistic, it mobilized local authorities to support efforts in that direction. As a result of this support, the 1.2.14. Number of communities PASAM TAI team working with mayors and village chiefs registered certified as “open defecation free” much progress in the three municipalities of the Mayahi district 18 (ODF) as a result of USG assistance (+) 0 NA 30 100 333.3% (Maradi region) where 56 villages were certified ODF. Another 44 (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA (Output) where certified in the nine municipalities of the Kantche district (Zinder region). The team organized ten municipal fora on ODF where leaders of triggered villages were able to exchange with others on the factors preventing them from reaching certification. They then prepared an action plan at the end of each forum. Strategic Objective 2: Vulnerable households have increased the production and consumption of food for nutrition and income 2.1.6. Number of individuals who A large number of Ag. productivity training is conducted by the have received USG-supported community trained PSP with SILC group members. However, PSPs 19 (+) 0 NA 27,075 19,620 72.5% short-term agricultural sector do not have the means to report and capture the number of group productivity or food security members they train. This indicator remains grossly underreported

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 5

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) training (Not Cumulative) (FFP in the project system as there is no practical ways to capture these Annual RiA) (Output) trainings formally.

2.2.1. Percent of farmers that used at least one improved variety of macro-nutrient dense foods in the 20 most recent season (overall and (+) 8.7% 12.2 30% 20.9% 69.7% disaggregated by sex) (Cumulative) (CRS Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) With view of sustainability the project team stopped seed fairs which was the approach used in previous years for diffusion of 2.2.3. Number of farmers and improved seed varieties. Instead farmers are encouraged to others who have applied new improved technologies or procure improved seeds through the local agro dealers set up by 21 management practices as a result (+) 0 NA 18,512 10,270 55.5% PASAM TAI with ferme Amate. For the 2017 agriculture season the of with USG assistance (Not 42 seed agro-dealers sold 5,382 Kg of seeds for 4,235,000FCFA Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (US$7,000). (Outcome) This arrangement was overlooked when setting the target for FY17.

2.2.4. Number of for-profit private Several Community based Organization have been set up to enterprises, producer’s support the implementation of the PASAM-TAI activities. The aim is organizations, water users to support the sustainability of interventions by empowering associations, women's groups, (+) 0 NA 1,264 2,170 171.7% 22 beneficiaries through their representatives in various committees, trade and business associations, and community-based structures and organizations. During this Fiscal Year producers' organizations (CBOs) that applied organizations (38 for oil extraction, 100 for millet and cowpea

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 6

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) new improved organizational-level processing and 2 flour production units) were supported by technologies or management PASAM-TAI. practices with USG assistance Also, regardless of the SILC groups, a large number of fattening & habannayé committees (1,852) have been set up to secure the important investment made by PASAM-TAI

2.3.2. Number of hectares under Under conservation agriculture 372 local experts who were trained improved technologies or by PASAM TAI staff in turn trained and supported 8 to 10 farmers. management practices as a result The cascading training approach worked well and agriculture inputs 23 of USG assistance (Not (+) 0 NA 2,159 2,586.1 119.8% (improved seeds and fertilizers) were delivered on time before the Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) rain started. Thus, target was exceeded. 2.4.2. Percentage of farmers who The SILC group proved very popular with 59920 members the used financial services in the past number exceeded the target set at the beginning of the program. 24 12 months (Cumulative) (FFP (+) 3.6% 13.7 14.3% 17.3% 120.6% Baseline & final Survey RiA) (Outcome) 2.4.4. Percentage of farmers who Despite distribution of PICS bags through agro-dealers, availability used improved storage practices in remains an issue. In addition, because of the cost of PICS bags the past 12 months (Cumulative) farmers tend to reserve their use for cowpea, a high value crop 25 (FFP Baseline & final Survey RiA) (+) 25.0% 22.1 55% 47.1% 85.6% sensitive to attacks during storage. Millet and sorghum are rarely (Outcome) stored in PICS bag.

2.4.7. Number of farmers who The target included women involved in the small ruminant’s value 26 (+) 0 NA 5,516 1,714 31.1% practiced the value chain activities chain who appear to have been omitted in the count of target

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 7

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) promoted by the project in the achieved. past 12 months (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Output) Strategic Objective 3: Target communities have improved integrated disaster risk management 3.1.2. Percentage of SCAP-RU's SCAP-RU committees are composed of 12 members. 25% of whose members are 25% women members would be 4 women members to meet the indicator. All (CRS Annual) (Output) SACP-RU committees now include women often the 2 positions for 27 (+) 0 NA 90% 79.6% 88.4% nutrition and the position for health. These positions are most often held now by lead mothers or health volunteers. However, many SCAP RU do not meet the 4 positions held by women.

3.2.1. Percentage of targeted Data collection concerning SCAP RU is incomplete for this indicator SCAP-RU promptly (within 5 days) resulting in under reporting. reporting local emergency 85% 28 monitoring data to the (+) 0 NA 7.8% 15.7% 50% department level on a regular basis (11 months out of 12) (CRS Annual) (Output) 3.2.2. Number of communities Data collection concerning SCAP RU and community structures with disaster early warning and functionality is incomplete for this indicator resulting in under 29 response (EWR) systems working (+) 0 NA 542 47 8.7% reporting. effectively (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual RiA) (Outcome) 3.2.4. Number of vulnerable After the MTE the number of villages was reduced from 908 to 643 households benefiting directly villages. However, as an oversight the target of HH benefiting was 30 (+) 0 NA 86,700 70,182 80.9% from USG interventions (Not never adjusted to reflect that level of reduction. Cumulative) (FFP Annual Required)

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 8

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) (Output) Cross-cutting Gender Objective 1: Gender roles expanded to enhance sustainable results CC 1.1.1. Percentage of leaders in The target of 40% was set when the team was engaged in the community who are women reviewing community structures. The number of women (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) participating in committees has increased significantly. However 31 (Outcome) (+) 0 NA 40% 26.3% 65.8% even if the rate of leadership positions was raised from 19% to 26.3% it did not reach the 40% target. The most common position held by women in village committees is that of treasurer. CC 2.1.1. Percentage of literacy Literacy level is achieved in general by learners after at least two class students who achieve training cycles. In FY17 PASAM TAI launched a first round of literacy 32 functional literacy (Not (+) 0 NA 60% 40.5% 67.4% training in 60 centers targeting adolescent girls. Being the first cycle Cumulative) (CRS Annual) for these 60 centers the rate of literacy achievement was low and (Outcome) that factor was overlooked when setting up the target. CC 3.1.1. Percentage of villages As for indicator #23 above data collection concerning SCAP RU and with a functioning development community structures functionality is incomplete for this indicator committee (having completed 2 of 85% 33 (+) 0 NA 24,5% 61,2% resulting in under reporting. the 4 functioning criteria) 40% (Cumulative) (CRS Annual) (Outcome) CC 3.1.2. Number of government The training of teachers in the hygiene in school curriculum was not extension services staff trained included in the estimation of the target and so was the 2 sessions 34 (+) 0 NA 158 766 484.8% (Not Cumulative) (FFP Annual of in service teachers training for 398 teachers. Standard (Output) Contextual Indicators CI 1. Prevalence of poverty: 35 (-) 62.6% -4.5 45% 58.0% 77.6% percent of people living on less

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 9

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) than $1.25/day (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Impact) CI 2. Mean depth of poverty (Not 36 Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final (-) 23.3% -2.5 12.0% 20.8% 57.7% survey) (Impact) CI 3. Per capita expenditures (as a proxy for income) of USG targeted 37 beneficiaries (Not Cumulative) (+) $1.37 $0.03 $2.5 $1.4 62.5% (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Impact) CI 4. Percent of households with soap and water at a hand washing 38 station commonly used by family (+) 15.1% 1.8 40.0% 16.9% 42.3% members (Not Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) CI 5. Percent of HHs using an improved sanitation facility (Not 39 (+) 5.5% 2.0 12.0% 7.5% 62.5% Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) CI 6. Percentage of children under age five who had diarrhea in the 40 (-) 14% 13.2 5.0% 27.2% 18.4% prior two weeks (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome) CI. 7 Percent of households using 41 an improved drinking water source (+) NA NA 10.0% 22.7% 227.0% or appropriately treated water

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 10

CRS Niger FY2017 ARR IPTT Deviation Narrative

Desired Raw FY2017 direction Diff # Indicator Baseline Deviation Narrative change EL-BL Target Achieved % (+ or -) source (Cumulative) (FFP Baseline & final survey) (Outcome)

FY2017 ARR CRS Niger, PASAM-TAI, AID- FFP-A-12-0005, January 11, 2018 IPTT Deviation Narrative 11